Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: AKR1B1

Gene name: aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B1 (aldose reductase)

HGNC ID: 381

Synonyms: AR

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ACE	1 hits
2	ADH1A	1 hits
3	AKR1B10	1 hits
4	ALB	1 hits
5	ATP1B1	1 hits
6	CDH17	1 hits
7	COL1A1	1 hits
8	COL6A1	1 hits
9	DCXR	1 hits
10	GLO1	1 hits
11	GORASP1	1 hits
12	GPLD1	1 hits
13	HBB	1 hits
14	ICAM1	1 hits
15	IDDM2	1 hits
16	INS	1 hits
17	LDLR	1 hits
18	MPZ	1 hits
19	NOS2A	1 hits
20	ODC1	1 hits
21	PARP1	1 hits
22	PLCG1	1 hits
23	PRKCA	1 hits
24	SORD	1 hits
25	SST	1 hits
26	TAC1	1 hits
27	TGFB1	1 hits
28	TNF	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	21798327	At the end of experiment, the level of plasma glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the serum aldose reductase (AR) were determined, the effects of TCM extract on ?-glucosidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro were also evaluated. 13 out of the 34 herbs showed a statistically significant plasma glucose lowering action compared with the diabetic control group.
2	98419	Alrestatin, a lens aldose reductase inhibitor, decreased i.v. arginine-induced glucagon levels and augmented arginine-stimulated insulin release in the ether anesthetized rat.
3	6425821	An increase of aldose reductase and a decrease in the sorbitol-dehydrogenase activity occur within the first two weeks after diabetes induction, which correlates with the maximal rate of sorbitol and fructose accumulation.
4	3000175	Aldose reductase inhibitors have been shown to normalize both nerve myo-inositol content and nerve sodium-potassium adenosinetriphosphatase activity.
5	3100473	In the lens, the activity of aldose reductase has been observed to increase with the onset of diabetes, while the activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase decreases.
6	3033025	Two metabolic sequelae of hyperglycemia in diabetic nerve, sorbitol accumulation via aldose reductase, and (Na,K)-ATPase deficiency related to myo-inositol depletion, were explored as possible underlying causes of acute paranodal swelling in the spontaneously diabetic bio-breeding rat. 3 wk of insulin replacement, or therapy with an aldose reductase inhibitor or myo-inositol completely reversed paranodal swelling in sural nerve fibers after 3 wk of untreated insulin deficiency.
7	3128293	Placenta aldose reductase exhibited no cross-reactivity with aldehyde reductase from human liver in an ELISA assay.
8	2836250	Treatment with AA or an aldose reductase inhibitor may prevent some of the diabetic complications with underlying collagen abnormalities.
9	2839472	Treatment of control and diabetic rats with the aldose reductase inhibitor Statil (350 mg/kg diet) did not affect the levels of the mRNA for the alpha 1 chain of type IV collagen.
10	2504638	Vigorous blood glucose control with insulin therapy was accompanied by a complete prevention of capillary basement membrane thickening in both capillary beds, whereas aldose reductase inhibitor treatment achieved a complete prevention of basement membrane thickening in the deep capillary bed but not in the superficial capillary bed of the diabetic retina.
11	2612718	Intervention is possible as follows: A) hyperfiltration may be reduced by non-glycemic intervention such as a moderate reduction of protein intake, treatment with aldose reductase inhibitors (work in progress) or acute administration of a somatostatin analogue.
12	2105733	Ponalrestat ["Statil" (a trademark, the property of Imperical Chemical Industries PLC), "Prodiax" (a trademark, the property of Merck, Sharp and Dohme), ICI 128436, MK538] inhibits ALR2 from a number of sources.
13	2159998	To determine the effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on diabetes-induced cardiac autonomic nerves disturbance, we examined the effects of ONO-2235, an ARI, as well as insulin on the responsiveness to the nerve stimulation and agonists of the isolated atria of the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
14	2121149	To determine the effects of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) on diabetes-induced cardiac sympathetic disturbance, the effects of (E)-3-carboxymethyl-5-[(2E)-methyl-3-phenylpropenylidene] rhodamine (ONO-2235), an aldose reductase inhibitor, as well as insulin on the responsiveness to the transmural sympathetic nerve stimulation (TNS) and norepinephrine (NE) of isolated right atria of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were investigated. 2.
15	2128196	The present study was designed to investigate if the aldose reductase inhibitor ponalrestat is capable of preventing the impairment of the response of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) to nerve crush in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. 2.
16	1900532	It was greater than 4000X more potent in its inhibition of rat lens aldose reductase than the closely related rat or pig kidney aldehyde reductase, thus making it the most selective inhibitor of a NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase identified to date.
17	1902426	To elucidate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on kidney function in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients were randomized to follow either 6 mo of treatment with ponalrestat (n = 11, mean +/- SD age 30 +/- 8 yr, diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 yr) or 6 mo of placebo (age 33 +/- 7 yr, diabetes duration 12 +/- 6 yr).
18	1902426	Thus, inhibition of aldose reductase may reduce the characteristic hyperfiltration in uncomplicated IDDM.
19	1906023	It is concluded that the administration of aldose reductase inhibitors from the time of induction of diabetes significantly reduces glomerular prostaglandin production and urinary albumin excretion.
20	1830528	A spectrophotometric assay has been developed for the measurement of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activity in the neutrophil.
21	1959701	In conclusion, intervention therapy with the aldose reductase inhibitor, tolrestat, can reduce the progression of urinary albumin excretion and retinal basement membrane thickening in long-term diabetic rats.
22	1779018	Effects of sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, were examined on renal glomerular structure, urinary albumin and IgG excretion, and vascular albumin permeation in eyes and aorta of 8-month diabetic, galactose-fed, and age-matched control rats.
23	1374869	This study was designed to determine whether deficient substance P in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats was associated with a similar reduction in calcitonin gene-related peptide and whether the depletion of either or both peptides could be affected by insulin treatment or by aldose reductase inhibition.
24	1374869	Treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor, imirestat, corrected the substance P deficit (0.08 +/- 0.018) and attenuated the calcitonin gene-related peptide (3.55 +/- 1.03) depletion seen in the untreated diabetic animals.
25	1611134	We recently reported that the activity of aldose reductase was increased in erythrocytes of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients but short-term hyperglycemia did not affect the enzyme activity.
26	1396993	Treatment of diabetic rats with an aldose reductase inhibitor, ONO-2235, which did not improve hyperglycemia, prevented the antiaggregating activity of plasma as did insulin treatment.
27	1360726	Four groups were examined: untreated diabetic rats, insulin-treated diabetics and rats treated with an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) given with and without insulin.
28	1468186	The metabolic effects of 52 weeks treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor ponalrestat were examined in 32 diabetic patients (16 insulin treated) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
29	1482782	To clarify this issue, we measured the width of skeletal-muscle basement membrane and erythrocyte aldose reductase activity in 27 insulin-dependent diabetic and 8 nondiabetic individuals.
30	8339858	We conclude that three months aldose reductase inhibition with Ponalrestat had no effect on urinary albumin excretion rate and glomerular filtration rate in Type 1 diabetic patients with incipient nephropathy.
31	8343612	Aldehyde reductase is primarily localized in the cortex, while the medulla contains aldose reductase.
32	8343612	Purified aldose reductase utilizes aldose sugars such as D-xylose, D-glucose, and D-galactose as substrates while aldehyde reductase preferentially reduces D-glucuronate and oxidizes L-gulonate to D-glucuronate.
33	8019906	Aldose reductase inhibitors like sorbinil do prevent basement membrane thickening and type IV collagen overproduction.
34	8204669	STZ-diabetes increased renal aldose reductase gene expression in a manner that was not reversible by insulin but had no effect on gene expression in the brain, testes and muscle.
35	8040341	In accordance with this construct, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, a competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase reversed the increased nerve conduction velocity afforded by aldose reductase inhibitor treatment in the acutely diabetic rat without affecting the attendant correction of nerve sorbitol and myo-inositol.
36	7867887	Phospholipase D hydrolysis of lipids from human retinal pigment epithelial cells constitutively overexpressing the aldose reductase gene yielded a sorbitol-like compound whose appearance was increased by glucose exposure and was decreased by an aldose reductase inhibitor.
37	8927032	Aldose reductase inhibitors and vanadate addition reversed the sorbitol accumulation, whereas insulin could not reverse it.
38	8781759	In order to analyse the importance of the polyol pathway in the development of the collagen metabolism alterations seen in diabetic angiopathy and their prevention by aldose reductase inhibitors, we have studied the effects of sorbinil on the high glucose-induced stimulation of type IV collagen biosynthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
39	9392499	Treatment with aldose reductase inhibitor, which prevented glomerular hyperfiltration without changes in blood glucose levels, decreased ICAM-1 expression and mononuclear cell infiltration.
40	11287819	Diabetes-induced changes in retinal metabolism and function have been linked to increased aldose reductase activity, hypoxia or 'pseudohypoxia' (increase in NADH/NAD+ attributed to increased sorbitol dehydrogenase activity).
41	12932443	To further understand the role of aldose reductase (AR) in the etiology of diabetic neuropathy, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress AR specifically in the Schwann cells under the control of the rat myelin protein zero (P0) promoter.
42	15465344	The lead candidate, example 40, 5-fluoro-2-(4-bromo-2-fluoro-benzylthiocarbamoyl)-phenoxyacetic acid, inhibits aldose reductase with an IC(50) of 30 nM, while being 1100 times less active against aldehyde reductase, a related enzyme involved in the detoxification of reactive aldehydes.
43	18325349	AKR1B1 protein levels in the nephropaths were increased under high glucose conditions and decreased in the presence of an ARI, whilst the silencing of the NFkappaB p65 gene in vitro reduced the transcriptional activities of AKR1B1 in luciferase assays.
44	19397838	In response to high glucose, several of these transcription factors regulate the gene encoding the profibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor beta, as well as genes for a range of other proteins implicated in inflammation and extracellular matrix turnover, including thrombospondin 1, the chemokine CCL2, osteopontin, fibronectin, decorin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and aldose reductase.
45	19061951	This review describes experimental new findings in animal and cell culture models as well as clinical data suggesting the importance of 1) previously established hyperglycemia-initiated mechanisms such as increased aldose reductase activity, non-enzymatic glycation/glycooxidation, activation of protein kinase C, 2) oxidative-nitrosative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation; 3) mitogen-activated protein kinase and cyclooxygenase-2 activation, impaired Ca(++) homeostasis and signaling, and several other mechanisms, in PDN.
46	20628518	Expression of AKR1B1 was the highest in lens and retina, whereas AKR1B10 was the highest in cornea.
47	20308528	Herein, we report that inhibition of the polyol pathway enzyme aldose reductase (AR) prevents high glucose (HG)- and/or TNF-alpha-induced VSMC proliferation by accumulating cells at the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
48	16449351	These included wild-type mice, knockout mice, and a newly created bitransgenic line that was homozygous for both the aldose reductase null mutation and an aldose reductase knockin transgene driven by the kidney-specific cadherin promoter to direct transgene expression in the collecting tubule epithelial cells.
49	21456600	PCA treatments at 2 and 4% significantly lowered renal activity and mRNA expression of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase (p < 0.05), and PCA treatments only at 4% significantly enhanced renal glyoxalase I mRNA expression (p < 0.05).
50	15857120	The lead candidate, 3-[(4,5,7-trifluorobenzothiazol-2-yl)methyl]indole-N-acetic acid (lidorestat, 9) inhibits aldose reductase with an IC(50) of 5 nM, while being 5400 times less active against aldehyde reductase, a related enzyme involved in the detoxification of reactive aldehydes.
51	18385795	ALR2 activity and sorbitol levels along with glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels in erythrocytes were determined.
52	18974362	We studied whether expression of human AR (hAR), its inhibition with lidorestat, which is an AR inhibitor (ARI), and the presence of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes altered plasma fructose, mortality, and/or vascular lesions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-deficient [Ldlr(-/-)] mice.
53	15616034	This study evaluated the effects of aldose reductase inhibition on diabetes-induced oxidative-nitrosative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation.
54	15616034	In conclusion, aldose reductase inhibition counteracts diabetes-induced nitrosative stress and PARP activation in sciatic nerve and retina.