Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CCL21

Gene name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21

HGNC ID: 10620

Synonyms: SLC, exodus-2, TCA4, CKb9, 6Ckine, ECL

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ACPP	1 hits
2	ANKRD36B	1 hits
3	BIRC5	1 hits
4	CCL19	1 hits
5	CCL2	1 hits
6	CCL20	1 hits
7	CCL22	1 hits
8	CCL27	1 hits
9	CCL28	1 hits
10	CCL3	1 hits
11	CCL4	1 hits
12	CCL5	1 hits
13	CCR10	1 hits
14	CCR5	1 hits
15	CCR7	1 hits
16	CD4	1 hits
17	CD40	1 hits
18	CD40LG	1 hits
19	CD44	1 hits
20	CD80	1 hits
21	CD83	1 hits
22	CD86	1 hits
23	CD8A	1 hits
24	CSF1	1 hits
25	CSF2	1 hits
26	CXCL10	1 hits
27	CXCL12	1 hits
28	CXCL13	1 hits
29	CXCL14	1 hits
30	CXCL9	1 hits
31	CXCR3	1 hits
32	CXCR4	1 hits
33	ERBB2	1 hits
34	FOLH1	1 hits
35	IFNG	1 hits
36	IL10	1 hits
37	IL12A	1 hits
38	IL13	1 hits
39	IL15	1 hits
40	IL2	1 hits
41	IL2RA	1 hits
42	IL4	1 hits
43	IL8	1 hits
44	IL8RA	1 hits
45	KLK3	1 hits
46	MLANA	1 hits
47	MUC1	1 hits
48	RPS27A	1 hits
49	SILV	1 hits
50	TERT	1 hits
51	TNFSF14	1 hits
52	TP53	1 hits
53	TRNAP2	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	10679086	We demonstrate that immature and CD40 ligand-matured monocyte-derived DC have characteristic phenotypic and functional differences in vitro.
2	10679086	In particular, immature DC express CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and migrate in response to macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), whereas mature DC switch expression to CCR7 and respond exclusively to MIP-3beta and 6Ckine.
3	11267967	We have found evidence of the anti-tumor effects of 3 major lymphocyte-specific chemokines, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), EBI-1-ligand chemokine (ELC) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha, in murine models (Meth A fibrosarcoma and HM-1 ovarian tumor).
4	11267967	In both naive and immunized mice, tumors expressing SLC, ELC or SDF-1alpha showed delayed progression compared with control tumors.
5	11267967	In mice immunized with tumor cells expressing 1 of these 3 chemokine genes, challenge with parental tumor cells resulted in slightly slower progression than in control mice, while in mice immunized with tumor cells transfected to co-express IL-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as these chemokines, all tumors regressed.
6	11267967	These findings show that SLC, ELC and SDF-1alpha enhance anti-tumor immunity both systemically and locally and that these chemokines may be clinically useful, especially when combined with IL-2 and GM-CSF.
7	11267967	We have found evidence of the anti-tumor effects of 3 major lymphocyte-specific chemokines, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), EBI-1-ligand chemokine (ELC) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha, in murine models (Meth A fibrosarcoma and HM-1 ovarian tumor).
8	11267967	In both naive and immunized mice, tumors expressing SLC, ELC or SDF-1alpha showed delayed progression compared with control tumors.
9	11267967	In mice immunized with tumor cells expressing 1 of these 3 chemokine genes, challenge with parental tumor cells resulted in slightly slower progression than in control mice, while in mice immunized with tumor cells transfected to co-express IL-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as these chemokines, all tumors regressed.
10	11267967	These findings show that SLC, ELC and SDF-1alpha enhance anti-tumor immunity both systemically and locally and that these chemokines may be clinically useful, especially when combined with IL-2 and GM-CSF.
11	11267967	We have found evidence of the anti-tumor effects of 3 major lymphocyte-specific chemokines, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), EBI-1-ligand chemokine (ELC) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha, in murine models (Meth A fibrosarcoma and HM-1 ovarian tumor).
12	11267967	In both naive and immunized mice, tumors expressing SLC, ELC or SDF-1alpha showed delayed progression compared with control tumors.
13	11267967	In mice immunized with tumor cells expressing 1 of these 3 chemokine genes, challenge with parental tumor cells resulted in slightly slower progression than in control mice, while in mice immunized with tumor cells transfected to co-express IL-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as these chemokines, all tumors regressed.
14	11267967	These findings show that SLC, ELC and SDF-1alpha enhance anti-tumor immunity both systemically and locally and that these chemokines may be clinically useful, especially when combined with IL-2 and GM-CSF.
15	11535317	The CCR7 ligands, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) and Epstein-Barr virus-induced molecule 1 ligand chemokine (ELC), were recently recognized as key molecules in establishing functional microenvironments for the initiation of immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissue.
16	11535317	Systemic co-transfer of both CCR7 ligands enhanced serum gB-specific IgG Ab but failed to elicit enhancement of distal mucosal IgA responses.
17	11535317	CCR7 ligands also enhanced T cell-mediated immunity as measured by CD4+ T helper cell proliferation and CD8+ T cell-mediated CTL activity.
18	11535317	Of particular interest, is the observation that SLC significantly increased the production of Th1-type cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) (P<0.05), whereas ELC increased the production of both Th1-type and Th2-type (IL-4) cytokines (P<0.05).
19	11535317	The CCR7 ligands, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) and Epstein-Barr virus-induced molecule 1 ligand chemokine (ELC), were recently recognized as key molecules in establishing functional microenvironments for the initiation of immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissue.
20	11535317	Systemic co-transfer of both CCR7 ligands enhanced serum gB-specific IgG Ab but failed to elicit enhancement of distal mucosal IgA responses.
21	11535317	CCR7 ligands also enhanced T cell-mediated immunity as measured by CD4+ T helper cell proliferation and CD8+ T cell-mediated CTL activity.
22	11535317	Of particular interest, is the observation that SLC significantly increased the production of Th1-type cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) (P<0.05), whereas ELC increased the production of both Th1-type and Th2-type (IL-4) cytokines (P<0.05).
23	11714836	We demonstrate that DNA immunizations with fusion constructs with beta-defensin 2 or inflammatory chemokines that target immature DC, but not homeostatic chemokines secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine, CCL21, or stromal cell-derived factor 1, CXCL12, which chemoattract mature DC, elicit humoral, protective, and therapeutic immunity against two different syngeneic lymphomas.
24	12149218	Surprisingly, we found that for all maturation stimuli tested, the addition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was required for effective migration of MoDCs toward the lymph node-derived chemokines CCL19 (EBI1 ligand chemokine/macrophage inflammatory protein--3beta) and CCL21 (secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine [SLC]/6Ckine).
25	12149218	Costimulation with PGE2 enhanced the expression of the CCL19/CCL21 receptor CCR7 on the cell surface of MoDCs when they were matured with soluble CD40 ligand or proinflammatory cytokines, but did not affect CCR7 expression of polyI:C-stimulated MoDCs.
26	12149218	The effects of PGE2 on MoDCs were mediated through increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate by 2 of the known PGE2 receptors, EP2 and EP4, which are expressed and down-regulated after PGE2 binding in these cells.
27	12149218	Surprisingly, we found that for all maturation stimuli tested, the addition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was required for effective migration of MoDCs toward the lymph node-derived chemokines CCL19 (EBI1 ligand chemokine/macrophage inflammatory protein--3beta) and CCL21 (secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine [SLC]/6Ckine).
28	12149218	Costimulation with PGE2 enhanced the expression of the CCL19/CCL21 receptor CCR7 on the cell surface of MoDCs when they were matured with soluble CD40 ligand or proinflammatory cytokines, but did not affect CCR7 expression of polyI:C-stimulated MoDCs.
29	12149218	The effects of PGE2 on MoDCs were mediated through increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate by 2 of the known PGE2 receptors, EP2 and EP4, which are expressed and down-regulated after PGE2 binding in these cells.
30	12547595	Upon stimulation by infectious agent products, dendritic cells (DC) become activated, express high levels of class I and class II antigens, CD80, CD86 and CD83 and migrate to secondary lymphoid organs where they can prime naive CD4-helper and CD8-cytotoxic T-cells.
31	12547595	Cognate CD4(+) T-cell help mediated by CD40L along with DC stimulation with another T-cell effector molecule, termed lymphocyte activated gene-3 (LAG-3 or CD223, a ligand for MHC class II) have been shown to induce this maturation process.
32	12547595	Both CD40L and LAG-3 have been used as vaccine adjuvants to induce CTL and CD4 Th1 responses.
33	12547595	LAG-3Ig, unlike CD40L, induced an inflammatory signal in terms of IL-8 and MIP-1alpha/CCL3 production and, in contrast to LPS, induced production of chemokines (MDC/CCL22 and TARC/CCL17) known to direct the migration of maturing DC to lymph nodes.
34	12547595	In LAG-3-matured DC, surface expression of CCR5 (a receptor for MIP-1alpha/CCL3) was down-regulated and CCR7 (a receptor for MIP-3beta and SLC) was up-regulated.
35	12547595	However, LAG-3-matured, but not LPS- or CD40L-matured DC retained their capacity to migrate in chemotaxis chambers and to respond to MIP-1alpha.
36	12682236	It is widely believed that generation of mature dendritic cells (DCs) with full T cell stimulatory capacity from human monocytes in vitro requires 5-7 days of differentiation with GM-CSF and IL-4, followed by 2-3 days of activation.
37	12682236	Monocytes acquire immature DC characteristics by day 2 of culture with GM-CSF and IL-4; they down-regulate CD14, increase dextran uptake, and respond to the inflammatory chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha.
38	12682236	To accelerate DC development and maturation, monocytes were incubated for 24 h with GM-CSF and IL-4, followed by activation with proinflammatory mediators for another 24 h (FastDC).
39	12682236	FastDC expressed mature DC surface markers as well as chemokine receptor 7 and secreted IL-12 (p70) upon CD40 ligation in the presence of IFN-gamma.
40	12682236	The increase in intracellular calcium in response to 6Ckine showed that chemokine receptor 7 expression was functional.
41	12832444	Three DC functions that may be critical for immunization potential are expression of CD80/86, cytokine production following CD40 engagement, and migration to chemokine receptor 7-binding chemokines.
42	12832444	Although high expression of CD80/86 and migration to 6Ckine + macrophage-inflammatory protein-3beta were properties of mature DC, cytokine production following CD40 ligation was superior by immature DC.
43	12890630	The CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 7 ligands CCL21 and CCL19 were recently described as essential elements for establishing the microenvironment needed to initiate optimal immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues.
44	12890630	In the present study we have kinetically investigated the primary responses of naive DO11.10 TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells (OVA323-339 peptide specific) adoptively transferred into normal BALB/c mice given plasmid DNA encoding CCR7 ligands.
45	12890630	The primary responses of CD4+ Tg-T cells in CCR7 ligand DNA recipients occurred more promptly, reaching levels higher than those observed in vector controls.
46	12890630	In addition following mucosal challenge of herpes simplex virus-immune mice with virus, those that had received CCL21 or CCL19 during priming contained a higher frequency of responding CD4 T cells in lymph nodes and the site of infection.
47	12890630	Moreover, CCL21- and CCL19-treated mice showed less severe disease and better survival following challenge.
48	12890630	The CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 7 ligands CCL21 and CCL19 were recently described as essential elements for establishing the microenvironment needed to initiate optimal immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues.
49	12890630	In the present study we have kinetically investigated the primary responses of naive DO11.10 TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells (OVA323-339 peptide specific) adoptively transferred into normal BALB/c mice given plasmid DNA encoding CCR7 ligands.
50	12890630	The primary responses of CD4+ Tg-T cells in CCR7 ligand DNA recipients occurred more promptly, reaching levels higher than those observed in vector controls.
51	12890630	In addition following mucosal challenge of herpes simplex virus-immune mice with virus, those that had received CCL21 or CCL19 during priming contained a higher frequency of responding CD4 T cells in lymph nodes and the site of infection.
52	12890630	Moreover, CCL21- and CCL19-treated mice showed less severe disease and better survival following challenge.
53	12890630	The CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 7 ligands CCL21 and CCL19 were recently described as essential elements for establishing the microenvironment needed to initiate optimal immune responses in secondary lymphoid tissues.
54	12890630	In the present study we have kinetically investigated the primary responses of naive DO11.10 TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells (OVA323-339 peptide specific) adoptively transferred into normal BALB/c mice given plasmid DNA encoding CCR7 ligands.
55	12890630	The primary responses of CD4+ Tg-T cells in CCR7 ligand DNA recipients occurred more promptly, reaching levels higher than those observed in vector controls.
56	12890630	In addition following mucosal challenge of herpes simplex virus-immune mice with virus, those that had received CCL21 or CCL19 during priming contained a higher frequency of responding CD4 T cells in lymph nodes and the site of infection.
57	12890630	Moreover, CCL21- and CCL19-treated mice showed less severe disease and better survival following challenge.
58	14610196	To examine the potency of two beta-chemokines as immunomodulators, plasmid DNA encoding beta-chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 (CCR7L) was codelivered intranasally with plasmid DNA or recombinant vaccinia virus encoding herpes simplex virus (HSV) gB (HSV-gB) in a prime-and-boost vaccination strategy.
59	14726959	Additionally, these SLC-secreting DC were found to be viable to a large extent despite the cytopathic effect inherent in adenoviral gene transfer and, most importantly, functional as determined by their ability to prime autologous T cells to a known melanoma-associated antigen, MART-1.
60	15099760	The ingestion of MS did not change the cell surface expression of CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR of immature and mature DC, suggesting that MS uptake did not induce DC maturation but that maturation by cytokines or LPS was unaltered in the presence of MS.
61	15099760	Furthermore, MS-loaded mature MoDC expressed normal levels of the chemokine receptor CCR7 and migrated as efficiently towards CCL19 or CCL21 as unloaded MoDC.
62	15099760	DC viability and the secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-12 was not significantly changed by MS loading.
63	15246626	Local delivery of recombinant vaccinia virus expressing secondary lymphoid chemokine (SLC) results in a CD4 T-cell dependent antitumor response.
64	15246626	Supernatants from rVmSLC-infected cells attracted CD4 T cells, and also induced the migration of CD8 T cells and DCs.
65	15483669	CCR7/DCs acquired strong chemotactic activity for CC chemokine ligand-21 (CCL21) and exhibited an immunophenotype similar to mature DCs but not immature DCs with regard to major histocompatibility complex/costimulatory molecule-expression levels and allogenic T cell proliferation-stimulating ability, while maintaining inherent endocytotic activity.
66	15695399	This was accomplished by CTLs induced by a DNA vaccine encoding secretory chemokine CCL21 and the inhibitor of apoptosis protein survivin, overexpressed by both proliferating endothelial cells in the tumor vasculature and tumor cells.
67	15695399	Oral delivery of this DNA vaccine by doubly attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (dam(-) and AroA(-)) to such secondary lymphoid organs as Peyer's patches in the small intestine, elicited marked activation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells, and an effective CD8(+)T cell immune response against the survivin self-antigen.
68	16112911	Enhancement of immunity by a DNA melanoma vaccine against TRP2 with CCL21 as an adjuvant.
69	16112911	Recent studies have suggested that a chemokine ligand for the CCR7 (CCL21) present on T-cells and dendritic cells is important in activating and regulating immunity.
70	16112911	Enhancement of immunity by a DNA melanoma vaccine against TRP2 with CCL21 as an adjuvant.
71	16112911	Recent studies have suggested that a chemokine ligand for the CCR7 (CCL21) present on T-cells and dendritic cells is important in activating and regulating immunity.
72	16500130	Dendritic cells express CCR7 and migrate in response to CCL19 (MIP-3beta) after exposure to Helicobacter pylori.
73	16500130	Migration of DC to lymph nodes is regulated by chemokine receptor CCR7, expressed on mature DC, and the CCR7 ligands CCL19 and CCL21.
74	16500130	Stimulation with H. pylori induced maturation of DC, i.e. up-regulation of the chemokine receptors CCR7 and CXCR4 and the maturation markers HLA-DR, CD80 and CD86.
75	16500130	Despite low surface expression of CCR7 protein following stimulation with H. pylori compared to E. coli, the DC migrated equally well towards CCL19 after stimulation with both bacteria.
76	16575207	In vivo depletion with antibodies against CD4+or CD8+ T cells both resulted in complete abrogation of the pSLC-E7-Fc-induced immunotherapeutic effect.
77	16575207	Our data indicate that the DNA vaccine constructed by the fusion of SLC and IgG Fc fragment genes to antigen-coding gene is an effective approach to induce potent anti-tumor immune response via both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells dependent pathways.
78	16889876	Important features for their efficacy include high migratory responsiveness to lymph node-chemokines and most likely their ability to produce bioactive IL-12 p70 upon subsequent contact with CD40 ligand-expressing T-cells.
79	16889876	The current standard DC-maturation cocktail for clinical trials is inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-6) combined with prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), inducing phenotypically mature MoDCs with high migratory responsiveness to CCR7 ligands.
80	16889876	This cocktail does not, however, induce or prime for production of IL-12 p70.
81	16889876	Addition of IFN-gamma to PGE(2)-containing maturation cocktails has been shown to prime for substantial production of IL-12 p70 by subsequent CD40 ligation, but the impact of IFN-gamma on phenotypic maturation and migratory responsiveness induced by PGE(2)-containing inflammatory stimuli still remains elusive.
82	16889876	Here, we demonstrate that addition of IFN-gamma to the standard maturation cocktail decreased CCR7 mRNA and down-regulated CCR7 expression on MoDCs in a dose-dependent manner.
83	16889876	Moreover, addition of IFN-gamma was found to suppress MoDC-migration towards the CCR7-ligands CCL19 and CCL21.
84	16942445	Analysis of antitumor activity elicited by vaccination with combinations of interleukin-12 DNA with gp100 DNA or the chemokine CCL21 in vivo.
85	16942445	The antitumor efficacy of human melanoma-associated antigen (hgp100) and chemokine CCL21 in combination with interleukin-12 (IL-12) was evaluated in a syngeneic melanoma mouse model.
86	16942445	Coapplication of IL- 12 DNA with CCL21-encoding DNA (CCL21 DNA) or recombinant CCL21 (recCCL21) protein also showed some efficacy.
87	16942445	Triple therapy with IL-12 DNA, hgp100 DNA, and CCL21 DNA, however, showed less effect on tumor growth than double therapy with IL-12 DNA and hgp100 DNA.
88	16942445	These findings open a new route of investigation of IL-12 and gp100 or other tumor-associated antigens in the immunotherapy of a variety of tumors.
89	16942445	Analysis of antitumor activity elicited by vaccination with combinations of interleukin-12 DNA with gp100 DNA or the chemokine CCL21 in vivo.
90	16942445	The antitumor efficacy of human melanoma-associated antigen (hgp100) and chemokine CCL21 in combination with interleukin-12 (IL-12) was evaluated in a syngeneic melanoma mouse model.
91	16942445	Coapplication of IL- 12 DNA with CCL21-encoding DNA (CCL21 DNA) or recombinant CCL21 (recCCL21) protein also showed some efficacy.
92	16942445	Triple therapy with IL-12 DNA, hgp100 DNA, and CCL21 DNA, however, showed less effect on tumor growth than double therapy with IL-12 DNA and hgp100 DNA.
93	16942445	These findings open a new route of investigation of IL-12 and gp100 or other tumor-associated antigens in the immunotherapy of a variety of tumors.
94	16942445	Analysis of antitumor activity elicited by vaccination with combinations of interleukin-12 DNA with gp100 DNA or the chemokine CCL21 in vivo.
95	16942445	The antitumor efficacy of human melanoma-associated antigen (hgp100) and chemokine CCL21 in combination with interleukin-12 (IL-12) was evaluated in a syngeneic melanoma mouse model.
96	16942445	Coapplication of IL- 12 DNA with CCL21-encoding DNA (CCL21 DNA) or recombinant CCL21 (recCCL21) protein also showed some efficacy.
97	16942445	Triple therapy with IL-12 DNA, hgp100 DNA, and CCL21 DNA, however, showed less effect on tumor growth than double therapy with IL-12 DNA and hgp100 DNA.
98	16942445	These findings open a new route of investigation of IL-12 and gp100 or other tumor-associated antigens in the immunotherapy of a variety of tumors.
99	16942445	Analysis of antitumor activity elicited by vaccination with combinations of interleukin-12 DNA with gp100 DNA or the chemokine CCL21 in vivo.
100	16942445	The antitumor efficacy of human melanoma-associated antigen (hgp100) and chemokine CCL21 in combination with interleukin-12 (IL-12) was evaluated in a syngeneic melanoma mouse model.
101	16942445	Coapplication of IL- 12 DNA with CCL21-encoding DNA (CCL21 DNA) or recombinant CCL21 (recCCL21) protein also showed some efficacy.
102	16942445	Triple therapy with IL-12 DNA, hgp100 DNA, and CCL21 DNA, however, showed less effect on tumor growth than double therapy with IL-12 DNA and hgp100 DNA.
103	16942445	These findings open a new route of investigation of IL-12 and gp100 or other tumor-associated antigens in the immunotherapy of a variety of tumors.
104	16942487	In this study, we developed a novel strategy for the APC to efficiently cross-present a fusion tumour antigen, which contains both MHC class I-restricted and class II-restricted T-cell epitopes from Her-2/neu and p53 in a cognate manner.
105	16942487	The N-terminus of the fusion Her-2/neu, p53 protein was linked to the sequence encoding for human secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine for secretion and chemokinesis, and the C-terminus of the fusion protein was linked to a cell-binding domain of IgG (Fc portion, the cell-binding domain of IgG) for receptor-mediated internalization.
106	17118442	Here, the presence of the ingested MP did not affect the MoDC maturation in terms of expression of the surface markers CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and MMR, irrespective of the MP surface coating.
107	17118442	MP-loaded and subsequently matured MoDC expressed high levels of the chemokine receptor CCR7, whose functional activity was evidenced by the migration of MoDC towards CCL21, irrespective of the presence of ingested MP.
108	17180470	We previously reported that several DNA fragments from human prostate-specific membrane antigen (hPSM), mouse prostatic acid phosphatase (mPAP), and human prostate-specific antigen (hPSA) genes were selected and fused to create a novel hPSM-mPAP-hPSA fusion gene (named 3P gene), and human secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), 3P, and human IgG Fc genes were inserted into pcDNA3.1 to construct a DNA vaccine, designated pSLC-3P-Fc.
109	17180470	In vivo depletion of lymphocytes indicated that CD8(+) T cells were involved in the direct tumor killing, whereas CD4(+) T lymphocytes were required for the induction of CD8(+) CTL response in B16F10-SLC-3P-Fc-immunized mice.
110	17180470	Splenocytes from B16F10-SLC-3P-Fc-immunized mice specifically recognized and lysed PSM, PAP, PSA, and 3P expressing tumor cells.
111	17318199	Immunity against breast cancer by TERT DNA vaccine primed with chemokine CCL21.
112	17318199	Therefore, we utilized chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) as an adjuvant with a xenogeneic TERT DNA vaccine to induce tumor antigen-specific immunity against TERT-expressing breast cancer.
113	17318199	Immunity against breast cancer by TERT DNA vaccine primed with chemokine CCL21.
114	17318199	Therefore, we utilized chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) as an adjuvant with a xenogeneic TERT DNA vaccine to induce tumor antigen-specific immunity against TERT-expressing breast cancer.
115	17575105	Here, using B16F0 melanoma cells stably expressing CCL21 under the control of cytomegalovirus and ubiquitin promoters, we showed that CCL21-activated immune responses depend on the amount of melanoma-derived chemokine, which, in turn, depends on the strength of the promoter.
116	17575105	We showed that ubiquitin promoter-driven expression of CCL21 enabled massive infiltration of tumors with CD4(+)CD25(-), CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and consequent activation of cellular and humoral immune responses sufficient for complete rejection of CCL21-positive melanomas within 3 weeks in all tumor-inoculated mice.
117	17575105	Here, using B16F0 melanoma cells stably expressing CCL21 under the control of cytomegalovirus and ubiquitin promoters, we showed that CCL21-activated immune responses depend on the amount of melanoma-derived chemokine, which, in turn, depends on the strength of the promoter.
118	17575105	We showed that ubiquitin promoter-driven expression of CCL21 enabled massive infiltration of tumors with CD4(+)CD25(-), CD8(+) T lymphocytes, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and consequent activation of cellular and humoral immune responses sufficient for complete rejection of CCL21-positive melanomas within 3 weeks in all tumor-inoculated mice.
119	17611670	To study the role of the chemokine receptor CCR7 in the metastatic process, a murine CCR7 gene was transduced in two mammary cancer cell lines with different origins and molecular features; TS/A, derived from a spontaneous mammary cancer of BALB/c strain, and N202.1A, derived from a HER-2/neu transgenic mammary cancer (FVB background) and characterized by a high expression of HER-2/neu.
120	17611670	Transduced CCR7 conferred to mammary cancer cells a chemotactic response towards CCL21 (a CCR7 ligand), but did not consistently affect in vitro growth properties.
121	17611670	When used as a prophylactic vaccine, CCR7-transduced cell vaccine succeeded in the long-term control of mammary tumorigenesis in 25% of the HER-2/neu transgenic females, suggesting an increased immunogenicity of CCR7-engineered cells.
122	17673664	The chemokines CCL21 and CXCL13 are immune factors that dictate homing and motility of lymphocytes and dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues.
123	17673664	We show that CCL21 and CXCL13 are transiently down-regulated within lymphoid tissues during immune responses by a mechanism controlled by the cytokine interferon-gamma.
124	17673664	The chemokines CCL21 and CXCL13 are immune factors that dictate homing and motility of lymphocytes and dendritic cells in lymphoid tissues.
125	17673664	We show that CCL21 and CXCL13 are transiently down-regulated within lymphoid tissues during immune responses by a mechanism controlled by the cytokine interferon-gamma.
126	18407741	CCR7(+) T, B, natural killer and dendritic cells can be attracted by secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine, and Fc facilitates antigen uptake via Fc receptors expressed on dendritic cells.
127	18407741	In a series of experiments in mice vaccinated by CADV with such tumor-associated antigenic specificities as HPV-16 E7, PSA-PSM-PAP, HER-2/neu, p53 and hTERT, CADV can attract immune cells to the vaccine inoculation site, remarkably inhibit tumor growth and extend survival time in tumor-bearing mice.
128	18633610	Levels of cytokines and chemokines known to be induced by CCL21 [e.g., interferon-gamma (INFgamma), CXCL9, and CXCL10] were significantly elevated in tumors of mice treated with CCL21-expressing but not control S. typhimurium.
129	18633610	The anti-tumor activity was found to be dependent on CD4- and CD8-expressing cells, based on antibody-mediated in vivo immuno-depletion experiments.
130	18794906	The CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) and cognate CCR7 ligands, CCL19 and CCL21, help establish microenvironments in lymphoid tissue that can facilitate encounters between naive T cells and mature dendritic cells (DCs).
131	18794906	The co-injection of CCR7 ligand DNA consistently enhanced the level of Th1-type cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) produced by stimulated immune cells when compared with a group that was vaccinated with the PrV DNA vaccine.
132	18794906	Moreover, the co-administration of CCR7 ligand DNA increased the number of mature DCs into the secondary lymphoid tissues, which appeared to enhance the proliferation of PrV-immune CD4(+) T cells.
133	20156531	Among the combinations of several immune-modulating factors with known effects on DC maturation, we found that stepwise DC maturation with cytokine cocktail (TNF-alpha+IL-6+IL-1 beta+PGE(2)) followed by poly(I:C) stimulation enhanced the production of IL-12 with strong allostimulatory capacity.
134	20156531	While there were no significant differences between DC matured by simultaneous or sequential activation by cytokine cocktail and poly(I:C) in expression of markers and costimulatory molecules of mature DCs, the delivery of inflammatory signal prior to poly(I:C) results in sustained interleukin-12 expression with reduced IL-10 than DC matured by simultaneous stimulation.
135	20156531	This sequential stimulation significantly increased migratory capacity in response to CCL21 and CXCL12 compared to DC matured with cytokine cocktail.
136	20156531	Furthermore, these DCs retained their responsiveness to CD40L stimulation in secondary IL-12 production and efficiently generated autologous antigen-specific effector T cells as evidenced by ELISPOT assay.
137	20418899	Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of LIGHT, the tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily member also known as TNFSF14, in the murine A20 B-cell lymphoma.
138	20418899	LIGHT gene modification resulted in upregulated expression of Fas and the accessory molecule--intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on A20 cells and led to enhanced A20 cell apoptosis.
139	20418899	LIGHT-modified A20 cells effectively stimulated the proliferation of T lymphocytes and interferon (IFN)-gamma production in vitro.
140	20418899	This adenovirus-mediated LIGHT therapy induced substantial splenic natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity, enhanced tumor infiltration by inflammatory cells and increased chemokine expression of CC chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21), IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) and monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig) from tumor tissues.
141	20599915	Ursolic acid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla activates human dendritic cells via TLR2 and/or TLR4 and induces the production of IFN-gamma by CD4+ naïve T cells.
142	20599915	The expression levels of CD1a, CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and CCR7 on Ursolic acid-primed dendritic cells was slightly enhanced.
143	20599915	Moreover, Ursolic acid-primed dendritic cells expressed levels of mRNA coding for both TLR2 and TLR4.
144	20599915	The majority of cells produced considerable interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), but also small amounts of interleukin (IL-4)-4.
145	20599915	Ursolic acid-primed dendritic cells have an intermediate migratory capacity towards CCL19 and CCL21.
146	20599915	These results suggest that Ursolic acid modulates human dendritic cells function in a fashion that favors Th1 polarization via the activation of IL-12p70 dependent on TLR2 and/or TLR4, and may be used on dendritic cells-based vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.
147	20933226	We found that the expression levels of CD1a, CD83 and HLA-DR on URC-primed DC were influenced by IFN-γ and IFN-γ augmented the T cell stimulatory capacity in allo MLR to URC-primed DC.
148	20933226	DC maturated with URC plus IFN-γ had an intermediate migratory capacity towards CCL19 and CCL21.
149	21389871	The resulting DCs showed strongly-enhanced IL-12p70 production on subsequent T-cell interaction compared with immature DCs (average of 19-fold enhancement) and nonpolarized IL-1β/TNF-α/IL-6/PGE(2)-matured "standard" DCs (average of 215-fold enhancement).
150	21389871	Additional inclusion of polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid during NK-DC cocultures optimized the expression of CD80, CD86, CD40, and HLA-DR on the resulting (NK)DC1, increased their CCR7-mediated migratory responsiveness to the lymph node-associated chemokine CCL21, and further enhanced their IL-12-producing capacity.
151	21463892	Exploiting the common characteristic of net cationic charge and reversible glycosaminoglycan binding exhibited by many chemokines, we synthesized alginate hydrogel microspheres that could be loaded with several different chemokines (including CCL21, CCL19, CXCL12, and CXCL10) by electrostatic adsorption.
152	21468000	Optimizing DC vaccination by combination with oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF.
153	21468000	To overcome these obstacles and enhance the efficiency of DC vaccination, we generated interleukin (IL)-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-coexpressing oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF) as suitable therapeutic adjuvant to eliminate immune suppression and promote DC function.
154	21468000	By treating tumors with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF prior to DC vaccination, DCs elicited greater antitumor effects than in response to either treatment alone.
155	21468000	This result was associated with upregulation of CC-chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21(+)) lymphatics in tumors treated with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF.
156	21468000	Moreover, the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was decreased in mice treated with the combination therapy.
157	21468000	Furthermore, combination therapy using immature DCs also showed effective antitumor effects when combined with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF.
158	21468000	Taken together, oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF in combination with DC vaccination has synergistic antitumor effects and can act as a potent adjuvant for promoting and optimizing DC vaccination.
159	21499439	The expression of CD1a, CD38, CD40, CD54, CD80, CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and CCR7 on URC-primed DC was enhanced.
160	21499439	The production of IL-12p70 by URC-primed DC was inhibited by the anti-Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) monoclonal antibody (mAb), but partially abolished by anti-TLR2 mAb. mRNA coding for TLR2 and TLR4 was expressed in URC-primed DC.
161	21499439	DC matured with URC had an intermediate migratory capacity towards CCL19 and CCL21.
162	21625608	Infection of MDDC with MVA-B or MVA, at the optimal dose of 0.3 PFU/MDDC, induced by itself a moderate degree of maturation of MDDC, involving secretion of cytokines and chemokines (IL1-ra, IL-7, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, RANTES, IP-10, MIG, and IFN-α).
163	21625608	MDDC infected with MVA or MVA-B and following a period of 48 h or 72 h of maturation were able to migrate toward CCL19 or CCL21 chemokine gradients.
164	21625608	MVA-B-infected MDDC co-cultured with autologous T lymphocytes induced a highly functional HIV-specific CD8(+) T cell response including proliferation, secretion of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, MIP-1β, MIP-1α, RANTES and IL-6, and strong cytotoxic activity against autologous HIV-1-infected CD4(+) T lymphocytes.
165	21638126	LMW HA improved maturation of ex vivo generated DC, increased IL-12, decreased IL-10 production, and enhanced a MLR activity in vitro.
166	21638126	Although TNF-α showed a similar capacity to mature DC, preconditioning of DC/TL with LMW HA increased their ability to migrate in vitro toward CCL19 and CCL-21 in a CD44- and a TLR4-independent manner; this effect was superior to Poly(I:C), LPS, or TNF-α and partially associated with an increase in the expression of CCR7.
167	21704378	Expression of duck CCL19 and CCL21 and CCR7 receptor in lymphoid and influenza-infected tissues.
168	21704378	We identified duck homologues of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 and cloned their cognate receptor, CCR7.
169	21704378	Mammalian CCL19 and CCL21 are responsible for the homing of dendritic cells and naïve lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid tissues.
170	21704378	Consistent with leukocyte recruitment, CCL19 and CCL21 transcripts are abundant in lung tissues at 1 day post-infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) (VN1203).
171	21704378	Expression of duck CCL19 and CCL21 and CCR7 receptor in lymphoid and influenza-infected tissues.
172	21704378	We identified duck homologues of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 and cloned their cognate receptor, CCR7.
173	21704378	Mammalian CCL19 and CCL21 are responsible for the homing of dendritic cells and naïve lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid tissues.
174	21704378	Consistent with leukocyte recruitment, CCL19 and CCL21 transcripts are abundant in lung tissues at 1 day post-infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) (VN1203).
175	21704378	Expression of duck CCL19 and CCL21 and CCR7 receptor in lymphoid and influenza-infected tissues.
176	21704378	We identified duck homologues of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 and cloned their cognate receptor, CCR7.
177	21704378	Mammalian CCL19 and CCL21 are responsible for the homing of dendritic cells and naïve lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid tissues.
178	21704378	Consistent with leukocyte recruitment, CCL19 and CCL21 transcripts are abundant in lung tissues at 1 day post-infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) (VN1203).
179	21704378	Expression of duck CCL19 and CCL21 and CCR7 receptor in lymphoid and influenza-infected tissues.
180	21704378	We identified duck homologues of the chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 and cloned their cognate receptor, CCR7.
181	21704378	Mammalian CCL19 and CCL21 are responsible for the homing of dendritic cells and naïve lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid tissues.
182	21704378	Consistent with leukocyte recruitment, CCL19 and CCL21 transcripts are abundant in lung tissues at 1 day post-infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) (VN1203).
183	21874304	Here, employing the CD34(+)/CD14(+) AML-derived human DC progenitor cell line MUTZ3, we show that cytostatic anthraquinone-derivatives (i.e., the anthracenedione mitoxantrone and the related anthracyclin doxorubicin) induce rapid differentiation of CD34(+) DC precursors into functional antigen-presenting cells (APC) in a three-day protocol.
184	21874304	The drugs were found to act specifically on CD34(+), and not on CD14(+) DC precursors.
185	21874304	Importantly, these observations were confirmed for primary CD34(+) and CD14(+) DC precursors from peripheral blood.
186	21874304	Mitoxantrone-generated DC were fully differentiated within three days and after an additional 24 h of maturation, were as capable as standard 9-day differentiated and matured DC to migrate toward the lymph node-homing chemokines CCL19 and CCL21, to induce primary allogeneic T cell proliferation, and to prime functional MART1-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes.
187	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
188	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
189	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
190	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
191	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
192	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
193	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
194	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
195	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
196	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
197	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
198	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
199	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
200	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
201	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
202	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
203	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
204	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
205	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
206	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
207	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
208	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
209	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
210	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
211	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
212	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
213	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
214	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
215	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
216	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
217	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
218	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
219	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
220	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
221	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
222	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
223	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
224	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
225	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
226	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
227	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
228	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
229	21997231	CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model.
230	21997231	Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations.
231	21997231	We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2).
232	21997231	Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine.
233	21997231	Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone).
234	21997231	Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
235	21997231	Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer.
236	22090142	In the Friend retrovirus (FV) mouse model we coexpressed CCL3, CCL20, CCL21, or CXCL14 from adenoviral vectors, together with FV Gag and Env antigens, and then analyzed immune responses and protection from pathogenic FV infection.
237	22393946	Enhanced induction of anti-tumor CTLs in vitro by a lentivirus-transduced dendritic cell vaccine expressing secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine and mucin 1.
238	23552473	However, priming of the skin at DNA vaccine administration sites outside the tumor bed with both CCL20 and CCL21 chemokines along with structural modifications of the DNA vaccine significantly improved vaccine efficacy.
239	23911411	Dogs immunized with LBSap vaccine displayed high levels of IL-12 and IL-10 cytokines and CCL4, CCL5 and CXCL8 chemokines in the dermis.
240	23911411	Herein, we inoculated dogs with Leishmania braziliensis antigens plus saponin (the LBSap vaccine), as well as with the vaccine components, and then used real-time PCR to evaluate the kinetics of dermal expression of mRNAs of cytokines (IL-12, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β and IL-10) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL21 and CXCL8) 1, 12, 24 and 48 h after inoculation.
241	23911411	The LBSap vaccine induced high levels of IL-12 and IL-10 expression at 12 and 24 h, respectively.
242	23911411	Furthermore, we observed positive correlations between IL-12 and IL-13 expression, IFN-γ and IL-13 expression, and IL-13 and TGF-β expression, suggesting that a mixed cytokine microenvironment developed after immunization with the vaccine.
243	23911411	CCL4 and CXCL8 chemokine expression was up regulated by the LBSap vaccine.
244	24383579	CD80, CD83, CD86 and CCR7) or on the production of cytokines (e.g.
245	24383579	IL-12p70, IL-10 and IL-23).
246	24383579	Interestingly, mDCs prestimulated with CCL21 showed higher levels of CXCL10 (IP-10) production, but not the production of CCL22, compared with untreated mDCs.
247	24383579	IP-10 treatment during CTL generation with DCs dramatically enhanced tumour-specific CTL response compared with untreated CTLs, and these enhanced CTL-inducing functions of CCL21-treated DCs were inhibited by anti-IP-10 treatment.
248	24383579	CD80, CD83, CD86 and CCR7) or on the production of cytokines (e.g.
249	24383579	IL-12p70, IL-10 and IL-23).
250	24383579	Interestingly, mDCs prestimulated with CCL21 showed higher levels of CXCL10 (IP-10) production, but not the production of CCL22, compared with untreated mDCs.
251	24383579	IP-10 treatment during CTL generation with DCs dramatically enhanced tumour-specific CTL response compared with untreated CTLs, and these enhanced CTL-inducing functions of CCL21-treated DCs were inhibited by anti-IP-10 treatment.
252	24832450	Specifically, the olfactory upregulates chemokine CCL21, and loss or functional blockade of its receptors CCR7 and CXCR3 results in decreased CD8 T cell activation and recruitment, respectively, as well as prolonged survival.
253	24838092	Enhanced antitumor immunity is elicited by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of CCL21 and IL-15 in murine colon carcinomas.
254	24838092	We constructed a CCL21/IL-15-expressing adenovirus (Ad-CCL21-IL-15) and evaluated its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.
255	24838092	This study indicates that providing cancer therapy by combining CCL21 and IL-15 can induce antitumor immune responses and is an effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
256	24838092	Enhanced antitumor immunity is elicited by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of CCL21 and IL-15 in murine colon carcinomas.
257	24838092	We constructed a CCL21/IL-15-expressing adenovirus (Ad-CCL21-IL-15) and evaluated its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.
258	24838092	This study indicates that providing cancer therapy by combining CCL21 and IL-15 can induce antitumor immune responses and is an effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
259	24838092	Enhanced antitumor immunity is elicited by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of CCL21 and IL-15 in murine colon carcinomas.
260	24838092	We constructed a CCL21/IL-15-expressing adenovirus (Ad-CCL21-IL-15) and evaluated its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo.
261	24838092	This study indicates that providing cancer therapy by combining CCL21 and IL-15 can induce antitumor immune responses and is an effective strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
262	25949905	The effect was associated with downregulation of chemokine (C-C motif) receptors CCR7 and CCR10 in tumor cells and decreased expression of the chemokine (C-C motif) ligands CCL21, CCL27 and CCL28 in lung tissue.
263	26039883	The 'improved' maturation cytokine cocktail DCs showed a higher levels surface markers expression (CD80, CD83, CD86 and HLA-DR), the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 and chemokine CCL19, CCL21 and CXCL21, whereas CCR5 expression was reduced.