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Gene Information
Gene symbol: CD44
Gene name: CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
HGNC ID: 1681
Synonyms: IN, MC56, Pgp1, CD44R, HCELL, CSPG8
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 2894392 | Human memory T lymphocytes express increased levels of three cell adhesion molecules (LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1) and three other molecules (UCHL1, CDw29, and Pgp-1) and have enhanced IFN-gamma production. |
| 2 | 2894392 | Studies of cell-surface molecules involved in human T cell interaction reveal that differential expression of each of three adhesion molecules (LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1) subdivides human peripheral blood T cells into major subpopulations. |
| 3 | 2894392 | Systematic analysis of the relationship between expression of these and other markers of T cell subsets demonstrates a single major subset of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes distinguished by enhanced expression of LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, and three other markers (CDw29 [4B4], UCHL1, and Pgp-1). |
| 4 | 2894392 | Large differences in relative expression are observed for UCHL1 (29-fold) and LFA-3 (greater than 8-fold), and smaller differences (2- to 4-fold) are seen for CDw29, CD2, LFA-1, and Pgp-1. |
| 5 | 2894392 | Bimodal distribution of LFA-3 is found on both CD4+ cells and on CD8+ cells as well as on B lymphocytes (CD19+). |
| 6 | 2894392 | Neonatal T cells (CD3+) are comprised almost exclusively of the subset expressing low LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, CDw29, and UCHL1. |
| 7 | 2894392 | Furthermore, the LFA-3+ subset made greater than fivefold more IFN-gamma than the LFA-3- subset in response to PHA, despite the fact that both subsets made equivalent amounts of IL-2. |
| 8 | 2894392 | This phenotypic and functional analysis of resting and activated newborn and adult T cells indicates that human memory T cells express enhanced levels of LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, UCHL1, CDw29, and Pgp-1; we speculate that the increase in expression of T cell adhesion molecules LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1 on memory cells is functionally important in their enhanced responsiveness. |
| 9 | 2894392 | Human memory T lymphocytes express increased levels of three cell adhesion molecules (LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1) and three other molecules (UCHL1, CDw29, and Pgp-1) and have enhanced IFN-gamma production. |
| 10 | 2894392 | Studies of cell-surface molecules involved in human T cell interaction reveal that differential expression of each of three adhesion molecules (LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1) subdivides human peripheral blood T cells into major subpopulations. |
| 11 | 2894392 | Systematic analysis of the relationship between expression of these and other markers of T cell subsets demonstrates a single major subset of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes distinguished by enhanced expression of LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, and three other markers (CDw29 [4B4], UCHL1, and Pgp-1). |
| 12 | 2894392 | Large differences in relative expression are observed for UCHL1 (29-fold) and LFA-3 (greater than 8-fold), and smaller differences (2- to 4-fold) are seen for CDw29, CD2, LFA-1, and Pgp-1. |
| 13 | 2894392 | Bimodal distribution of LFA-3 is found on both CD4+ cells and on CD8+ cells as well as on B lymphocytes (CD19+). |
| 14 | 2894392 | Neonatal T cells (CD3+) are comprised almost exclusively of the subset expressing low LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, CDw29, and UCHL1. |
| 15 | 2894392 | Furthermore, the LFA-3+ subset made greater than fivefold more IFN-gamma than the LFA-3- subset in response to PHA, despite the fact that both subsets made equivalent amounts of IL-2. |
| 16 | 2894392 | This phenotypic and functional analysis of resting and activated newborn and adult T cells indicates that human memory T cells express enhanced levels of LFA-3, CD2, LFA-1, UCHL1, CDw29, and Pgp-1; we speculate that the increase in expression of T cell adhesion molecules LFA-3, CD2, and LFA-1 on memory cells is functionally important in their enhanced responsiveness. |
| 17 | 7489749 | We, therefore, generated DC from peripheral blood of normal donors in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 18 | 7489749 | Flow cytometric analysis of the cells during a 2-week culture revealed a loss of CD14 and CD34 expression, a concomittent increase of CD1a, CD11a,b and c, CD44, CD45, CD54, HLA-class I and II, and intermediate levels of CD26, CD80 and CD86. |
| 19 | 7590891 | These ASC were isolated from peripheral blood after oral Ty21a, and dual labelled for binding of typhoid antigen and expression of various cell surface determinants: alpha 4 integrin (CD49d), CD45RO, CD45RA, L-selectin, CD44 and CD11a. |
| 20 | 7590891 | More ASC expressing CD45RO and alpha 4 integrin (CD49d) were bound to mesenteric lymph node and small intestine than to peripheral lymph node. |
| 21 | 7768546 | The lymphocyte differentiation antigens CD45RA, CD45RO, L-selectin, CD-11a CD-38, CD-44 and VLA-4 were all found on antigen-specific cells, but no particular pattern was recognizable in this small series of six subjects with different disease processes affecting the intestine. |
| 22 | 7958065 | IL-3 acted through paracrine and endocrine pathways to induce largely a granulocyte infiltrate into tumours and through an autocrine pathway to increase major histocompatibility complex class I expression on both tumour types and CD44 expression on one. |
| 23 | 8105441 | All seven clones/lines were CD4+, CD8- and expressed high levels of CD44 and CD45RB surface markers. |
| 24 | 8376800 | The airway T cells persist at elevated levels at least up to 10 wk and will secrete IFN-gamma and IL-3 upon antigenic stimulation in vitro. |
| 25 | 8376800 | We report here that more CD4+ T cells from the airways responded rapidly to mitogen by up-regulating the p55 subunit of the IL-2R than did splenocytes from the same animal, suggesting that the bulk of the pulmonary Th infiltrate comprised previously activated cells. |
| 26 | 8376800 | Virtually all of the pulmonary CD4+ T cells expressed high levels of the memory marker CD44 (Pgp-1), in contrast with the situation in the draining LN and circulation where only a minority were in that category. |
| 27 | 9233612 | FACS analysis of T cells from MLN and lung tissue demonstrated that T cells expressing any of the activation markers tested (LFA-1, CD25, CD44, CD45RB, CD49d, CD62L) always expressed high levels of CD44 and LFA-1. |
| 28 | 9233612 | These double-high T cells produced >99% of all anti-CD3 mAb-induced IL-4 and IFN-gamma. |
| 29 | 9233612 | Despite their similar phenotype, purified double-high lung parenchyma T cells produced markedly higher levels of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-gamma, and contained a higher frequency of cytokine producers than their MLN counterparts. |
| 30 | 9233612 | Activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-2 in response to TCR cross-linking was detected in double-high T cells from lung tissue but not MLN. |
| 31 | 9233612 | The requirement for ERK signaling for maximal IFN-gamma synthesis could nevertheless be demonstrated in both populations by blockade with the inhibitor PD98509. |
| 32 | 9423854 | During infection or after immunization, CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- hsp65-reactive T cells increased equally in spleens. |
| 33 | 9423854 | During infection, the majority of these cells were weakly CD44 positive (CD44(lo)) and produced interleukin 4 (IL-4) whereas after immunization the majority were highly CD44 positive (CD44(hi)) and produced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 34 | 9423854 | When the cells were separated into CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- types and then into CD44(hi) and CD44(lo) types, CD44(lo) cells were essentially unable to transfer protection, the most protective CD44(hi) cells were CD8+/CD4-, and those from immunized mice were much more protective than those from infected mice. |
| 35 | 9423854 | Thus, whereas the CD44(lo) IL-4-producing phenotype prevailed during infection, protection was associated with the CD8+/CD44(hi) IFN-gamma-producing phenotype that predominated after immunization. |
| 36 | 9423854 | During infection or after immunization, CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- hsp65-reactive T cells increased equally in spleens. |
| 37 | 9423854 | During infection, the majority of these cells were weakly CD44 positive (CD44(lo)) and produced interleukin 4 (IL-4) whereas after immunization the majority were highly CD44 positive (CD44(hi)) and produced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 38 | 9423854 | When the cells were separated into CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- types and then into CD44(hi) and CD44(lo) types, CD44(lo) cells were essentially unable to transfer protection, the most protective CD44(hi) cells were CD8+/CD4-, and those from immunized mice were much more protective than those from infected mice. |
| 39 | 9423854 | Thus, whereas the CD44(lo) IL-4-producing phenotype prevailed during infection, protection was associated with the CD8+/CD44(hi) IFN-gamma-producing phenotype that predominated after immunization. |
| 40 | 9423854 | During infection or after immunization, CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- hsp65-reactive T cells increased equally in spleens. |
| 41 | 9423854 | During infection, the majority of these cells were weakly CD44 positive (CD44(lo)) and produced interleukin 4 (IL-4) whereas after immunization the majority were highly CD44 positive (CD44(hi)) and produced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 42 | 9423854 | When the cells were separated into CD4+/CD8- and CD8+/CD4- types and then into CD44(hi) and CD44(lo) types, CD44(lo) cells were essentially unable to transfer protection, the most protective CD44(hi) cells were CD8+/CD4-, and those from immunized mice were much more protective than those from infected mice. |
| 43 | 9423854 | Thus, whereas the CD44(lo) IL-4-producing phenotype prevailed during infection, protection was associated with the CD8+/CD44(hi) IFN-gamma-producing phenotype that predominated after immunization. |
| 44 | 9627131 | CD4-CD8-C.B-17 SCID thymocytes enter the CD4+CD8+ stage in the presence of neonatally grafted T cells. |
| 45 | 9627131 | In these mice, the thymus size was correlated to the CD4-CD8- (double negative; DN) to CD4+CD8+ (double positive; DP) cell ratio, where at 2 months p.i., 8 out of 16 treated SCID mice contained 5 x 10(6) cells or more and also possessed the highest frequencies of endogenous DP cells (25-95%). |
| 46 | 9627131 | Furthermore, these thymocytes were developmentally blocked at the DP stage, occasionally in combination with the expression of CD25, CD44 and CD117 but in the absence of T-cell receptor (TCR) expression. |
| 47 | 9814951 | The major leukocyte adhesion molecules, such as leukocyte-function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and CD44, retain their biological functions when expressed on the virion surface, and have been shown to increase virus-cell interaction, enhance virus infectivity, and extend the host cell range of the virus. |
| 48 | 9814951 | Hence, LFA-1, ICAM-1, and other cellular adhesion molecules are involved in different stages of HIV-1 infection and profoundly affect HIV-1 neutralization by virus-specific antibodies. |
| 49 | 9858507 | These virus-specific CD8 T cells expressed activation markers (CD69(hi), CD44(hi), CD62Llo) and proliferated in vivo but were unable to elaborate any antiviral effector functions. |
| 50 | 9858507 | Importantly, in the presence of CD4 T cell help, adequate CD8 effector activity was maintained and the chronic viral infection eventually resolved. |
| 51 | 9858908 | Using immunohistochemical analysis we demonstrated that after treating with lethally irradiated MBT-2 tumor cells (IRMBT-2) + IL-2 cells of CD4+, CD8+, CD44+ and CD11b+ phenotypes prominently infiltrate the subcutaneous local injection sites. |
| 52 | 9858908 | In contrast, only scanty immune responding cells could be seen locally if treated with IRMBT-2 + IFN-alpha 2b, albeit in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). |
| 53 | 9858908 | However, the spleens of D17TBM treated with IRMBT-2 + IFN-alpha 2b contained the highest percentage of CD44+ memory T cells and cells of the CD11b+ phenotype; moreover, their natural killer (NK), lymphokine activated killer (LAK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activities were significantly augmented. |
| 54 | 9858908 | Using immunohistochemical analysis we demonstrated that after treating with lethally irradiated MBT-2 tumor cells (IRMBT-2) + IL-2 cells of CD4+, CD8+, CD44+ and CD11b+ phenotypes prominently infiltrate the subcutaneous local injection sites. |
| 55 | 9858908 | In contrast, only scanty immune responding cells could be seen locally if treated with IRMBT-2 + IFN-alpha 2b, albeit in the presence of interleukin-2 (IL-2). |
| 56 | 9858908 | However, the spleens of D17TBM treated with IRMBT-2 + IFN-alpha 2b contained the highest percentage of CD44+ memory T cells and cells of the CD11b+ phenotype; moreover, their natural killer (NK), lymphokine activated killer (LAK) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activities were significantly augmented. |
| 57 | 10602007 | To support this hypothesis, in this initial study we demonstrate that liver mononuclear cells from P. berghei gamma spz-immune mice transferred protection to naive recipients and moreover, that CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells responded to Plasmodium antigens by up-regulating activation / memory markers. |
| 58 | 10602007 | While CD4(+) T cells under went a transient activation following immunization with gamma spz, CD8(+) T cells expanded robustly after spz challenge and exhibited stable expression of CD44(hi) and CD45RB(lo) during protracted protection. |
| 59 | 10802316 | Dynabeads coated with a total extract of SBEC 1D CS-proteoglycans interacted with CSA- but not with CD36- or ICAM-1-binding IRBC. |
| 60 | 10802316 | Thrombomodulin was involved in IRBC adhesion to all SBEC whereas CD44 was only expressed by SBEC 1D and 17. |
| 61 | 10807512 | Characterization of intrahepatic CD4+ T cells revealed an immediate, albeit transient, response to gamma-spz, while the response of CD8+ T cells is delayed until acquisition of protection. |
| 62 | 10807512 | It is presumed that activated CD8+ T cells home to the liver to die; gamma-spz-induced CD8+CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells, however, persist in the liver, but not the spleen, during protracted protection. |
| 63 | 10807512 | The association between CD8+CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells and protection has been verified using MHC class I and CD1 knockout mice and mice with disrupted liver stage parasites. |
| 64 | 10807512 | Based on kinetic studies, we propose that interferon-gamma, presumably released by intrahepatic effector CD8+ T cells, mediates protection; the persistence of CD8+ T cells is, in turn, linked to Plasmodium antigen depots and cytokines released by CD4+ T cells and/or NK T cells. |
| 65 | 10807512 | Characterization of intrahepatic CD4+ T cells revealed an immediate, albeit transient, response to gamma-spz, while the response of CD8+ T cells is delayed until acquisition of protection. |
| 66 | 10807512 | It is presumed that activated CD8+ T cells home to the liver to die; gamma-spz-induced CD8+CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells, however, persist in the liver, but not the spleen, during protracted protection. |
| 67 | 10807512 | The association between CD8+CD45RB(lo)CD44(hi) T cells and protection has been verified using MHC class I and CD1 knockout mice and mice with disrupted liver stage parasites. |
| 68 | 10807512 | Based on kinetic studies, we propose that interferon-gamma, presumably released by intrahepatic effector CD8+ T cells, mediates protection; the persistence of CD8+ T cells is, in turn, linked to Plasmodium antigen depots and cytokines released by CD4+ T cells and/or NK T cells. |
| 69 | 10816448 | DNA-35 immunization resulted in an increased activated/memory CD4(+) T-cell response, with an accumulation of CD4(+) CD44(hi) CD45RB(lo) T cells and an increase in antigen-specific IFN-gamma production. |
| 70 | 10925249 | This Ag-independent T cell differentiation pathway did not result in up-regulation of early activation markers (CD69, CD25, CD71), but expression of several memory markers (CD44, CD122, Ly6C) increased progressively with successive divisions. |
| 71 | 11238679 | Following enrichment, DC developed an activated phenotype with up-regulation of CD80, CD86, and CD83 expression. |
| 72 | 11238679 | During culture, the DC maintained their levels of various adhesion molecules, including CD44, LFA-1, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated Ag, and CD49d, up-regulated CCR7, but lost CD62 ligand and CCR5. |
| 73 | 11238679 | Induction of IFN-gamma production, however, was seen only with i.d. and i.l. routes of administration, and no IL-4 responses were seen regardless of route, consistent with the induction of Th1-type immunity. |
| 74 | 11342616 | An IFN-gamma-dependent pathway controls stimulation of memory phenotype CD8+ T cell turnover in vivo by IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 75 | 11342616 | Previous studies showed that the turnover of memory phenotype CD8(+) (but not CD4(+)) cells in vivo can be considerably enhanced by products of infectious agents such as LPS. |
| 76 | 11342616 | Such stimulation is TCR independent and hinges on the release of type I IFNs (IFN-I) which leads to the production of an effector cytokine, probably IL-15. |
| 77 | 11342616 | In this study, we describe a second pathway of CD44(high) CD8(+) stimulation in vivo. |
| 78 | 11342616 | This pathway is IFN-gamma rather than IFN-I dependent and is mediated by at least three cytokines, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 79 | 11568001 | Interleukin-10 promotes the maintenance of antitumor CD8(+) T-cell effector function in situ. |
| 80 | 11568001 | It was investigated whether IL-10 could serve as an immunostimulant for specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T cell (CTL) in vivo after vaccination and, if so, under what conditions. |
| 81 | 11568001 | Analysis of spleen cells derived from these latter animals 3 weeks after IL-10 treatment revealed that the number of CD8(+) CD44(hi) CD122(+) T cells had increased and that antigen-specific proliferation in vitro was enhanced. |
| 82 | 11568001 | Although cytotoxicity assays did not support differences between the various treatment groups, 2 more sensitive assays measuring antigen-specific interferon-gamma production at the single-cell level demonstrated increases in the number of antigen-specific responder T cells in animals in the vaccine/IL-10 treatment group. |
| 83 | 11568001 | Thus, IL-10 may maintain the number of antitumor CD8(+) T cells. |
| 84 | 11568001 | In adoptive transfer studies, the ability of IL-10 to maintain CTL function could be enhanced by the depletion of CD4(+) T cells. |
| 85 | 11568001 | This suggests that IL-10 mediates contrasting effects on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells that result in either immune dampening or immune potentiation in situ, respectively. |
| 86 | 11568001 | Appreciation of this dichotomy in IL-10 immunobiology may allow for the design of more effective cancer vaccines designed to activate and maintain specific CD8(+) T-cell effector function in situ. |
| 87 | 11602637 | In vivo priming of CD4 T cells that produce interleukin (IL)-2 but not IL-4 or interferon (IFN)-gamma, and can subsequently differentiate into IL-4- or IFN-gamma-secreting cells. |
| 88 | 11602637 | The differentiation of antigen-stimulated naive CD4 T cells into T helper (Th)1 or Th2 effector cells can be prevented in vitro by transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and anti-interferon (IFN)-gamma. |
| 89 | 11602637 | These cells proliferate and synthesize interleukin (IL)-2 but not IFN-gamma or IL-4, and can differentiate into either Th1 or Th2 cells. |
| 90 | 11602637 | We have now used two-color Elispots to reveal substantial numbers of primed cells producing IL-2 but not IL-4 or IFN-gamma during the Th1- or Th2-biased immune responses induced by soluble proteins or with adjuvants. |
| 91 | 11602637 | These cells were CD4(+)CD44(high) and were present during immediate and long-term immune responses of normal mice. |
| 92 | 11602637 | Many in vivo-primed cells were uncommitted, secreting IL-2 but not IL-4 or IFN-gamma at the first cloning step, but secreting either IL-4 or IFN-gamma after differentiation in the appropriate conditions. |
| 93 | 11854227 | Recently we have demonstrated that the recruitment of lymphocytes to the lung during primary aerosol M. tuberculosis infection in mice occurs predominantly through the interaction of alpha(4)beta(1) integrin on CD4(+) T cells and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 on the pulmonary endothelium. |
| 94 | 11854227 | Expansion of CD44(hi) CD62L(low) CD4(+) T cells in the lung occurred following aerosol and intravenous BCG immunizations, and the lymphocyte recruitment was proportional to the pulmonary bacterial load. |
| 95 | 11884436 | Differential in vivo persistence of two subsets of memory phenotype CD8 T cells defined by CD44 and CD122 expression levels. |
| 96 | 11884436 | The first subset corresponds to CD8 T cells generated following nucleoprotein 68 peptide priming which are CD44(int)CD122(-)nucleoprotein 68/H-2D(b) tetramer(+) and express high levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 97 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD8 T cells in the second subset are CD44(high)CD122(+), are heterogeneous in terms of Ag specificity, and express low levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 98 | 11884436 | CD44(int) CD8 T cells persist like naive cells; i.e., they are slowly lost with time. |
| 99 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD44(high) CD8 T cells are persistent and accumulate in thymectomized but not euthymic mice. |
| 100 | 11884436 | Differential in vivo persistence of two subsets of memory phenotype CD8 T cells defined by CD44 and CD122 expression levels. |
| 101 | 11884436 | The first subset corresponds to CD8 T cells generated following nucleoprotein 68 peptide priming which are CD44(int)CD122(-)nucleoprotein 68/H-2D(b) tetramer(+) and express high levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 102 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD8 T cells in the second subset are CD44(high)CD122(+), are heterogeneous in terms of Ag specificity, and express low levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 103 | 11884436 | CD44(int) CD8 T cells persist like naive cells; i.e., they are slowly lost with time. |
| 104 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD44(high) CD8 T cells are persistent and accumulate in thymectomized but not euthymic mice. |
| 105 | 11884436 | Differential in vivo persistence of two subsets of memory phenotype CD8 T cells defined by CD44 and CD122 expression levels. |
| 106 | 11884436 | The first subset corresponds to CD8 T cells generated following nucleoprotein 68 peptide priming which are CD44(int)CD122(-)nucleoprotein 68/H-2D(b) tetramer(+) and express high levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 107 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD8 T cells in the second subset are CD44(high)CD122(+), are heterogeneous in terms of Ag specificity, and express low levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 108 | 11884436 | CD44(int) CD8 T cells persist like naive cells; i.e., they are slowly lost with time. |
| 109 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD44(high) CD8 T cells are persistent and accumulate in thymectomized but not euthymic mice. |
| 110 | 11884436 | Differential in vivo persistence of two subsets of memory phenotype CD8 T cells defined by CD44 and CD122 expression levels. |
| 111 | 11884436 | The first subset corresponds to CD8 T cells generated following nucleoprotein 68 peptide priming which are CD44(int)CD122(-)nucleoprotein 68/H-2D(b) tetramer(+) and express high levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 112 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD8 T cells in the second subset are CD44(high)CD122(+), are heterogeneous in terms of Ag specificity, and express low levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 113 | 11884436 | CD44(int) CD8 T cells persist like naive cells; i.e., they are slowly lost with time. |
| 114 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD44(high) CD8 T cells are persistent and accumulate in thymectomized but not euthymic mice. |
| 115 | 11884436 | Differential in vivo persistence of two subsets of memory phenotype CD8 T cells defined by CD44 and CD122 expression levels. |
| 116 | 11884436 | The first subset corresponds to CD8 T cells generated following nucleoprotein 68 peptide priming which are CD44(int)CD122(-)nucleoprotein 68/H-2D(b) tetramer(+) and express high levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 117 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD8 T cells in the second subset are CD44(high)CD122(+), are heterogeneous in terms of Ag specificity, and express low levels of CCR7 mRNA. |
| 118 | 11884436 | CD44(int) CD8 T cells persist like naive cells; i.e., they are slowly lost with time. |
| 119 | 11884436 | In contrast, CD44(high) CD8 T cells are persistent and accumulate in thymectomized but not euthymic mice. |
| 120 | 11907108 | Reduced functional capacity of CD8+ T cells expanded by post-exposure vaccination of gamma-herpesvirus-infected CD4-deficient mice. |
| 121 | 11907108 | More CD69(high)CD8(+) D(b)p56(+) T cells were found in the CD4-deficient mice, an effect that might be thought to reflect higher Ag load. |
| 122 | 11907108 | By contrast, the mean fluorescence intensity of staining for the CD44 glycoprotein was diminished on CD8(+)D(b)p56(+) T cells from the I-A(b-/-) group, the level of CTL activity was lower on a per cell basis, and the relative prevalence of IFN-gamma(+)TNF-alpha(+) T cells detected after in vitro stimulation with the p56 peptide was decreased. |
| 123 | 11907108 | Given that this experimental system provides an accessible model for evaluating postexposure vaccination protocols that might be used in diseases like HIV/AIDS, the further need is to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and the relative significance of lack of CD4(+) T help vs higher Ag load for these expanded CD8(+) effector populations. |
| 124 | 12097563 | More than 7 months after a single vaccination with VSV-Env, approximately 6% of CD8(+) splenocytes stained with major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers containing the Env p18-I10 immunodominant peptide and showed a memory phenotype (CD44(Hi)). |
| 125 | 12097563 | Five months after the boost, the long-term memory cell population (tetramer positive, CD44(Hi)) constituted 30% of the CD8(+) splenocytes. |
| 126 | 12097563 | More than 7 months after a single vaccination with VSV-Env, approximately 6% of CD8(+) splenocytes stained with major histocompatibility complex class I tetramers containing the Env p18-I10 immunodominant peptide and showed a memory phenotype (CD44(Hi)). |
| 127 | 12097563 | Five months after the boost, the long-term memory cell population (tetramer positive, CD44(Hi)) constituted 30% of the CD8(+) splenocytes. |
| 128 | 12525608 | RSV proteins also colocalized with cellular proteins associated with lipid microdomains, caveolin-1, and CD44, as well as with RhoA, a small GTPase. |
| 129 | 12631526 | Following vaccination there was a significant decrease in the percentage of CD2(-) and CD2(+) gammadelta T cells that expressed CD44 and CD45R. |
| 130 | 12734346 | IL-15 promotes the survival of naive and memory phenotype CD8+ T cells. |
| 131 | 12734346 | IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory phenotype CD44(high)CD8(+) T cells and is thought to play a key role in regulating the turnover of these cells in vivo. |
| 132 | 12734346 | We have investigated whether IL-15 also has the capacity to affect the life span of naive phenotype (CD44(low)) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 133 | 12734346 | We report that IL-15 promotes the survival of both CD44(low) and CD44(high) CD8(+) T cells, doing so at much lower concentrations than required to induce proliferation of CD44(high) cells. |
| 134 | 12734346 | Rescue from apoptosis was associated with the up-regulation of Bcl-2 in both cell types, whereas elevated expression of Bcl-x(L) was observed among CD44(high) but not CD44(low) CD8(+) cells. |
| 135 | 12734346 | By contrast, the beta- and gamma-chains of the IL-15R were absolutely required for the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-15, although it was not necessary for CD44(high)CD8(+) cells to express higher levels of IL-15R beta than CD44(low) cells to proliferate in response to IL-15. |
| 136 | 12734346 | These results show that IL-15 has multiple effects on CD8 T cells and possesses the potential to regulate the life span of naive as well as memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 137 | 12734346 | IL-15 promotes the survival of naive and memory phenotype CD8+ T cells. |
| 138 | 12734346 | IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory phenotype CD44(high)CD8(+) T cells and is thought to play a key role in regulating the turnover of these cells in vivo. |
| 139 | 12734346 | We have investigated whether IL-15 also has the capacity to affect the life span of naive phenotype (CD44(low)) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 140 | 12734346 | We report that IL-15 promotes the survival of both CD44(low) and CD44(high) CD8(+) T cells, doing so at much lower concentrations than required to induce proliferation of CD44(high) cells. |
| 141 | 12734346 | Rescue from apoptosis was associated with the up-regulation of Bcl-2 in both cell types, whereas elevated expression of Bcl-x(L) was observed among CD44(high) but not CD44(low) CD8(+) cells. |
| 142 | 12734346 | By contrast, the beta- and gamma-chains of the IL-15R were absolutely required for the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-15, although it was not necessary for CD44(high)CD8(+) cells to express higher levels of IL-15R beta than CD44(low) cells to proliferate in response to IL-15. |
| 143 | 12734346 | These results show that IL-15 has multiple effects on CD8 T cells and possesses the potential to regulate the life span of naive as well as memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 144 | 12734346 | IL-15 promotes the survival of naive and memory phenotype CD8+ T cells. |
| 145 | 12734346 | IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory phenotype CD44(high)CD8(+) T cells and is thought to play a key role in regulating the turnover of these cells in vivo. |
| 146 | 12734346 | We have investigated whether IL-15 also has the capacity to affect the life span of naive phenotype (CD44(low)) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 147 | 12734346 | We report that IL-15 promotes the survival of both CD44(low) and CD44(high) CD8(+) T cells, doing so at much lower concentrations than required to induce proliferation of CD44(high) cells. |
| 148 | 12734346 | Rescue from apoptosis was associated with the up-regulation of Bcl-2 in both cell types, whereas elevated expression of Bcl-x(L) was observed among CD44(high) but not CD44(low) CD8(+) cells. |
| 149 | 12734346 | By contrast, the beta- and gamma-chains of the IL-15R were absolutely required for the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-15, although it was not necessary for CD44(high)CD8(+) cells to express higher levels of IL-15R beta than CD44(low) cells to proliferate in response to IL-15. |
| 150 | 12734346 | These results show that IL-15 has multiple effects on CD8 T cells and possesses the potential to regulate the life span of naive as well as memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 151 | 12734346 | IL-15 promotes the survival of naive and memory phenotype CD8+ T cells. |
| 152 | 12734346 | IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory phenotype CD44(high)CD8(+) T cells and is thought to play a key role in regulating the turnover of these cells in vivo. |
| 153 | 12734346 | We have investigated whether IL-15 also has the capacity to affect the life span of naive phenotype (CD44(low)) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 154 | 12734346 | We report that IL-15 promotes the survival of both CD44(low) and CD44(high) CD8(+) T cells, doing so at much lower concentrations than required to induce proliferation of CD44(high) cells. |
| 155 | 12734346 | Rescue from apoptosis was associated with the up-regulation of Bcl-2 in both cell types, whereas elevated expression of Bcl-x(L) was observed among CD44(high) but not CD44(low) CD8(+) cells. |
| 156 | 12734346 | By contrast, the beta- and gamma-chains of the IL-15R were absolutely required for the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-15, although it was not necessary for CD44(high)CD8(+) cells to express higher levels of IL-15R beta than CD44(low) cells to proliferate in response to IL-15. |
| 157 | 12734346 | These results show that IL-15 has multiple effects on CD8 T cells and possesses the potential to regulate the life span of naive as well as memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 158 | 12734346 | IL-15 promotes the survival of naive and memory phenotype CD8+ T cells. |
| 159 | 12734346 | IL-15 stimulates the proliferation of memory phenotype CD44(high)CD8(+) T cells and is thought to play a key role in regulating the turnover of these cells in vivo. |
| 160 | 12734346 | We have investigated whether IL-15 also has the capacity to affect the life span of naive phenotype (CD44(low)) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 161 | 12734346 | We report that IL-15 promotes the survival of both CD44(low) and CD44(high) CD8(+) T cells, doing so at much lower concentrations than required to induce proliferation of CD44(high) cells. |
| 162 | 12734346 | Rescue from apoptosis was associated with the up-regulation of Bcl-2 in both cell types, whereas elevated expression of Bcl-x(L) was observed among CD44(high) but not CD44(low) CD8(+) cells. |
| 163 | 12734346 | By contrast, the beta- and gamma-chains of the IL-15R were absolutely required for the proliferative and pro-survival effects of IL-15, although it was not necessary for CD44(high)CD8(+) cells to express higher levels of IL-15R beta than CD44(low) cells to proliferate in response to IL-15. |
| 164 | 12734346 | These results show that IL-15 has multiple effects on CD8 T cells and possesses the potential to regulate the life span of naive as well as memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 165 | 12884286 | Following vaccination, a significant increase in the percentage of CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) T cells was detected in the tumor vaccine-draining lymph node (TVDLN) of vaccinated RLM compared to that of vaccinated normal mice. |
| 166 | 14533809 | A few exceptional cases in which we have some knowledge are: (i) SLe(x) and SLe(a) function as E-selectin epitopes promoting tumor cell interaction with endothelial cells; (ii) some tumor cells interact through binding of TACA to specific proteins other than selectin, or to specific carbohydrate expressed on endothelial cells or other target cells (carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction); (iii) functional modification of adhesive receptor (integrin, cadherin, CD44) by glycosylation. |
| 167 | 15137490 | These findings demonstrate the potential of BCG vaccination to elicit strong cell-mediated immune responses and appropriate alterations in CD44 and CD62L expression with in vitro stimulation of white-tailed deer lymphocytes. |
| 168 | 15195250 | The resultant recombinant strain, M. microti OV254::RD1-2F9, induced specific ESAT-6 and CFP-10 immune responses in mice with CD8(+) T lymphocytes that had strong expression of the CD44(hi) activation marker. |
| 169 | 15262898 | Host mice were depleted in vivo of CD4 or CD8 T cells after vDLN AIT to ascertain the mediators of tumor regression. |
| 170 | 15262898 | In vivo depletion of CD4 T cells after AIT did not inhibit tumor regression, but CD8 T cell depletion abrogated tumor regression. vDLN cells tracked preferentially to tumor draining lymph nodes and proliferated in vivo, persisting for at least 21 days, and were 95% CD44+ and 39% CD69+. |
| 171 | 15314545 | Cells from all patients exhibited an effector-memory phenotype and were generally CD45 RA low/CCR7 negative and CD44 positive. |
| 172 | 15373901 | CD4 T cells producing IFN-gamma in the lungs of mice challenged with mycobacteria express a CD27-negative phenotype. |
| 173 | 15373901 | Protection against tuberculosis depends upon the generation of CD4(+) T cell effectors capable of producing IFN-gamma and stimulating macrophage antimycobacterial function. |
| 174 | 15373901 | Effector CD4(+) T cells are known to express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) surface phenotype. |
| 175 | 15373901 | In this paper we demonstrate that a population of CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) effectors generated in response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG or M. tuberculosis infection in C57BL/6 mice is heterogeneous and consists of CD27(hi) and CD27(lo) T cell subsets. |
| 176 | 15373901 | Ex vivo isolated CD27(lo) T cells express higher amounts of IFN-gamma RNA and contain higher frequencies of IFN-gamma producers compared to CD27(hi) subset, as shown by real-time PCR, intracellular staining for IFN-gamma and ELISPOT assays. |
| 177 | 15373901 | In addition, CD27(lo) CD4(+) T cells uniformly express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) phenotype. |
| 178 | 15373901 | We propose that CD27(lo) CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) T cells represent highly differentiated effector cells with a high capacity for IFN-gamma secretion and antimycobacterial protection at the site of infection. |
| 179 | 15373901 | CD4 T cells producing IFN-gamma in the lungs of mice challenged with mycobacteria express a CD27-negative phenotype. |
| 180 | 15373901 | Protection against tuberculosis depends upon the generation of CD4(+) T cell effectors capable of producing IFN-gamma and stimulating macrophage antimycobacterial function. |
| 181 | 15373901 | Effector CD4(+) T cells are known to express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) surface phenotype. |
| 182 | 15373901 | In this paper we demonstrate that a population of CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) effectors generated in response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG or M. tuberculosis infection in C57BL/6 mice is heterogeneous and consists of CD27(hi) and CD27(lo) T cell subsets. |
| 183 | 15373901 | Ex vivo isolated CD27(lo) T cells express higher amounts of IFN-gamma RNA and contain higher frequencies of IFN-gamma producers compared to CD27(hi) subset, as shown by real-time PCR, intracellular staining for IFN-gamma and ELISPOT assays. |
| 184 | 15373901 | In addition, CD27(lo) CD4(+) T cells uniformly express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) phenotype. |
| 185 | 15373901 | We propose that CD27(lo) CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) T cells represent highly differentiated effector cells with a high capacity for IFN-gamma secretion and antimycobacterial protection at the site of infection. |
| 186 | 15373901 | CD4 T cells producing IFN-gamma in the lungs of mice challenged with mycobacteria express a CD27-negative phenotype. |
| 187 | 15373901 | Protection against tuberculosis depends upon the generation of CD4(+) T cell effectors capable of producing IFN-gamma and stimulating macrophage antimycobacterial function. |
| 188 | 15373901 | Effector CD4(+) T cells are known to express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) surface phenotype. |
| 189 | 15373901 | In this paper we demonstrate that a population of CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) effectors generated in response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG or M. tuberculosis infection in C57BL/6 mice is heterogeneous and consists of CD27(hi) and CD27(lo) T cell subsets. |
| 190 | 15373901 | Ex vivo isolated CD27(lo) T cells express higher amounts of IFN-gamma RNA and contain higher frequencies of IFN-gamma producers compared to CD27(hi) subset, as shown by real-time PCR, intracellular staining for IFN-gamma and ELISPOT assays. |
| 191 | 15373901 | In addition, CD27(lo) CD4(+) T cells uniformly express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) phenotype. |
| 192 | 15373901 | We propose that CD27(lo) CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) T cells represent highly differentiated effector cells with a high capacity for IFN-gamma secretion and antimycobacterial protection at the site of infection. |
| 193 | 15373901 | CD4 T cells producing IFN-gamma in the lungs of mice challenged with mycobacteria express a CD27-negative phenotype. |
| 194 | 15373901 | Protection against tuberculosis depends upon the generation of CD4(+) T cell effectors capable of producing IFN-gamma and stimulating macrophage antimycobacterial function. |
| 195 | 15373901 | Effector CD4(+) T cells are known to express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) surface phenotype. |
| 196 | 15373901 | In this paper we demonstrate that a population of CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) effectors generated in response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG or M. tuberculosis infection in C57BL/6 mice is heterogeneous and consists of CD27(hi) and CD27(lo) T cell subsets. |
| 197 | 15373901 | Ex vivo isolated CD27(lo) T cells express higher amounts of IFN-gamma RNA and contain higher frequencies of IFN-gamma producers compared to CD27(hi) subset, as shown by real-time PCR, intracellular staining for IFN-gamma and ELISPOT assays. |
| 198 | 15373901 | In addition, CD27(lo) CD4(+) T cells uniformly express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) phenotype. |
| 199 | 15373901 | We propose that CD27(lo) CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) CD4(+) T cells represent highly differentiated effector cells with a high capacity for IFN-gamma secretion and antimycobacterial protection at the site of infection. |
| 200 | 15585869 | APCs expressing the activation markers MHC class II, CD80, and CD40 increased in number in the lung. |
| 201 | 15585869 | LTK63 treatment increased the pathogen-specific IgA response in the nasal mucosa and simultaneously decreased inflammatory cytokine production (IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) after infection. |
| 202 | 15585869 | The number of activated CD8(+)CD44(+) T cells and the respiratory syncytial virus- or influenza-specific CD8-proliferative responses increased, although the total inflammatory infiltrate was reduced. |
| 203 | 15655789 | We identified 5 distinct antigenic regions within MIC2, MIC4, MIC2-associated protein, and apical membrane antigen 1 gene products, which were recognized by (1) T cells from both adults with acquired infection and children with congenital infection and (2) antibodies from all patients. |
| 204 | 15780728 | Stable protective immunity can be achieved against malaria by the injection of radiation-attenuated sporozoites (gamma-spz) and is mediated by IFN-gamma producing CD8+ T cells targeting the pre-erythrocytic stages. |
| 205 | 15780728 | The ex vivo evaluation of the CD8+ T cell response by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay revealed that the injection of LSP with QS-21 induced, compared to gamma-spz, a similar frequency of peptide-specific lymphocytes in the spleen but a eight-fold increase in the draining lymph-nodes. |
| 206 | 15780728 | Even though the frequency of H-2Kd PbCS 245-253 multimer+, CD8+ T cells was higher in gamma-spz immunized mice, the frequency of IFN-gamma producing CD8+ T cells was comparable. |
| 207 | 15780728 | The phenotype of the CD8+ T cell responses was characterized with the help H-2Kd PbCS 245-253 multimer and most of the CSP-specific CD8+ T cells represented an intermediate subset between effector and central memory with CD44(high), CD45RB(high), CD62L(low) and CD122(high). |
| 208 | 15843531 | During infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, CD8(+) T cells differentiate rapidly into effectors (CD62L(low)CD44(high)) that differentiate further into the central memory phenotype (CD62L(high)CD44(high)) gradually. |
| 209 | 15866335 | Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to assess the expression of CD44 on CD4+ and CD8+ cells derived from the MLN of immunised animals. |
| 210 | 15866335 | Intranasal instillation of microencapsulated ESAT-6 induced greatest numbers of ESAT-6 specific IFN-gamma and IL-4 secreting cells in the lung and MLN (P<0.05). |
| 211 | 16275163 | Immunization with a lentiviral vector stimulates both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses to an ovalbumin transgene. |
| 212 | 16275163 | Murine DC infected with the various lentivectors could stimulate OT-I (CD8(+), OVA TCR transgenic) T cells and all except OVAcyt could also stimulate OT-II (CD4(+), OVA TCR transgenic) T cells in vitro. |
| 213 | 16275163 | Direct injection of the OVA-, Ii-OVA-, or TfR-OVA-expressing vectors into mice resulted in a CD4(+) T cell response, as shown by expansion of adoptively transferred OT-II T cells and upregulation of CD44 on these cells. |
| 214 | 16275163 | The Ii-OVA vector was the most potent inducer of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and was the only vector to protect mice completely from challenge with OVA-expressing tumor cells. |
| 215 | 16275163 | Therefore directly injected lentivectors can stimulate CD4(+) T cells; both CD4(+) and CD8(+) responses can be enhanced by targeting the antigen to the MHC class II pathway. |
| 216 | 16313358 | We found changes in cell-surface expression of CD11a, CD44, CD45RB, CD49d, CD54 and CD62L on Env-specific CD8(+) T cells that appeared to differentiate them from other CD8(+) T cells within 1 week to 1 month following immunization. |
| 217 | 16313358 | However, CD62L expression did not correlate with differences in the abilities of CTLs to proliferate or produce interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in vitro in response to Env peptide stimulation. |
| 218 | 16616574 | Immunization with MIC1 and MIC4 induces protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii. |
| 219 | 16616574 | In this work, we evaluated the protective effect encountered in C57BL/6 mice immunized with MIC1 and MIC4 purified from soluble tachyzoite antigens by affinity to immobilized lactose. |
| 220 | 16616574 | MIC1/4-stimulated spleen cells from immunized mice produced IL-2, IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-10, but not IL-4, suggesting the induction of a polarized Th1 type immune response. |
| 221 | 16616574 | Our data demonstrate that MIC1 and MIC4 triggered a protective response against toxoplasmosis, and that these antigens are targets for the further development of a vaccine. |
| 222 | 16616574 | Immunization with MIC1 and MIC4 induces protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii. |
| 223 | 16616574 | In this work, we evaluated the protective effect encountered in C57BL/6 mice immunized with MIC1 and MIC4 purified from soluble tachyzoite antigens by affinity to immobilized lactose. |
| 224 | 16616574 | MIC1/4-stimulated spleen cells from immunized mice produced IL-2, IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-10, but not IL-4, suggesting the induction of a polarized Th1 type immune response. |
| 225 | 16616574 | Our data demonstrate that MIC1 and MIC4 triggered a protective response against toxoplasmosis, and that these antigens are targets for the further development of a vaccine. |
| 226 | 16616574 | Immunization with MIC1 and MIC4 induces protective immunity against Toxoplasma gondii. |
| 227 | 16616574 | In this work, we evaluated the protective effect encountered in C57BL/6 mice immunized with MIC1 and MIC4 purified from soluble tachyzoite antigens by affinity to immobilized lactose. |
| 228 | 16616574 | MIC1/4-stimulated spleen cells from immunized mice produced IL-2, IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-10, but not IL-4, suggesting the induction of a polarized Th1 type immune response. |
| 229 | 16616574 | Our data demonstrate that MIC1 and MIC4 triggered a protective response against toxoplasmosis, and that these antigens are targets for the further development of a vaccine. |
| 230 | 16890298 | DNA vaccination of mice with a plasmid expressing the 2C protein and a fragment thereof confirmed that this was indeed a CTL epitope, as shown by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) induction in CD8+, CD44(hi) splenocytes after in vitro stimulation with peptides containing the amino acid sequence KYKDAKEWL, predicted for the CTL epitope. |
| 231 | 16982903 | Moreover, effector and/or memory phenotype CD8 T cells were responsible, because adoptive transfer of purified CD44(high) CD8 T cells to naive mice induced fatal responses following a primary low-dose infection. |
| 232 | 16982903 | The fatal responses were perforin- and Fas ligand-independent, and were associated with high serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and CCL2, and low levels of IL-10. |
| 233 | 16982903 | Accordingly, blockade of either TNF-alpha or CCL2 ameliorated fatal recall responses, and in vitro coculture of memory CD8 T cells and Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia-infected peritoneal exudate cells resulted in substantial increases in TNF-alpha and CCL2. |
| 234 | 17018037 | Lymphocytes that produced IFN-gamma in response to PPD-B or BCG-pulsed dendritic cells predominated in the spleen and were almost exclusively CD4(+), CD44(+) and CD62L(-), thus resembling an effector memory T cell population. |
| 235 | 17018037 | Despite the fact that an oral route was used for immunization, splenic IFN-gamma-secreting T cells in vaccinated mice did not express the mucosal homing antigens alpha(4)beta(7) integrin or alphaIEL (CD103). |
| 236 | 17018037 | However, a proportion of BCG-specific CD4(+) T cells expressed the CD29 integrin (beta(1)) chain, potentially involved in lung homing function. |
| 237 | 17187395 | Enhanced antigen-specific primary CD4+ and CD8+ responses by codelivery of ovalbumin and toll-like receptor ligand monophosphoryl lipid A in poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles. |
| 238 | 17187395 | The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of biodegradable poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (PLGA-NP) as a vaccine delivery system to codeliver antigen, ovalbumin (OVA) along with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) as adjuvant for induction of potent CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses. |
| 239 | 17187395 | Particulate delivery of OVA and MPLA to the DCs lead to markedly increase in in vitro CD8(+) T cell T cell proliferative responses (stimulation index >3000) and >13-folds increase in in vivo clonal expanded CD4(+) T cells. |
| 240 | 17187395 | The expanded T cells were capable of cytokine secretion and expressed an activation and memory surface phenotype (CD62L(lo), CD11a(hi), and CD44(hi)). |
| 241 | 17187395 | Codelivery of antigen and MPLA in PLGA-NP offers an effective method for induction of potent antigen specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses. |
| 242 | 17277146 | A single injection of MS-OVA evoked a profound primary response but the numbers of H-2K(b)OVA(257-264)-specific CD8(+) T cells declined by 14-21 days, and <1% of primarily central phenotype (CD44(high)CD62L(high)) cells persisted. |
| 243 | 17277146 | Furthermore, contraction was protracted and the memory pool (IL-7Ralpha(high)) of approximately 5% included effector (CD44(high)CD62L(low)) and central (CD44(high)CD62L(high)) phenotype cells. |
| 244 | 17277146 | A single injection of MS-OVA evoked a profound primary response but the numbers of H-2K(b)OVA(257-264)-specific CD8(+) T cells declined by 14-21 days, and <1% of primarily central phenotype (CD44(high)CD62L(high)) cells persisted. |
| 245 | 17277146 | Furthermore, contraction was protracted and the memory pool (IL-7Ralpha(high)) of approximately 5% included effector (CD44(high)CD62L(low)) and central (CD44(high)CD62L(high)) phenotype cells. |
| 246 | 17329346 | Although antigen-specific responses against LCMV infection are well studied, we found that a significant fraction of the CD8(+) CD44(hi) T-cell response to LCMV in H-2(b) mice was not accounted for by known epitopes. |
| 247 | 17329346 | We screened peptides predicted to bind major histocompatibility complex class I and overlapping 15-mer peptides spanning the complete LCMV proteome for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induction from CD8(+) T cells derived from LCMV-infected H-2(b) mice. |
| 248 | 17329346 | Together with the 9 previously known, these epitopes account for the total CD8(+) CD44(hi) response. |
| 249 | 17329346 | Thus, bystander T-cell activation does not contribute appreciably to the CD8(+) CD44(hi) pool. |
| 250 | 17329346 | Interestingly, protection from viral challenge was best correlated with the cytolytic potential of CD8(+) T cells, whereas IFN-gamma production and peptide avidity appear to play a lesser role. |
| 251 | 17329346 | Although antigen-specific responses against LCMV infection are well studied, we found that a significant fraction of the CD8(+) CD44(hi) T-cell response to LCMV in H-2(b) mice was not accounted for by known epitopes. |
| 252 | 17329346 | We screened peptides predicted to bind major histocompatibility complex class I and overlapping 15-mer peptides spanning the complete LCMV proteome for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induction from CD8(+) T cells derived from LCMV-infected H-2(b) mice. |
| 253 | 17329346 | Together with the 9 previously known, these epitopes account for the total CD8(+) CD44(hi) response. |
| 254 | 17329346 | Thus, bystander T-cell activation does not contribute appreciably to the CD8(+) CD44(hi) pool. |
| 255 | 17329346 | Interestingly, protection from viral challenge was best correlated with the cytolytic potential of CD8(+) T cells, whereas IFN-gamma production and peptide avidity appear to play a lesser role. |
| 256 | 17329346 | Although antigen-specific responses against LCMV infection are well studied, we found that a significant fraction of the CD8(+) CD44(hi) T-cell response to LCMV in H-2(b) mice was not accounted for by known epitopes. |
| 257 | 17329346 | We screened peptides predicted to bind major histocompatibility complex class I and overlapping 15-mer peptides spanning the complete LCMV proteome for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induction from CD8(+) T cells derived from LCMV-infected H-2(b) mice. |
| 258 | 17329346 | Together with the 9 previously known, these epitopes account for the total CD8(+) CD44(hi) response. |
| 259 | 17329346 | Thus, bystander T-cell activation does not contribute appreciably to the CD8(+) CD44(hi) pool. |
| 260 | 17329346 | Interestingly, protection from viral challenge was best correlated with the cytolytic potential of CD8(+) T cells, whereas IFN-gamma production and peptide avidity appear to play a lesser role. |
| 261 | 17337285 | The numbers of memory (CD44(high)) CD4(+) T cells stimulated to produce T(H)1 and T(H)17 cytokines (IFNgamma and IL-17), as well as the quantities of these cytokines released into the cell supernatants, were then measured relative to those produced in mock-stimulated cells from the same animals. |
| 262 | 17429840 | Here we show that this response is dependent upon antigen-responsive CD4 T cells, at least across transwell membranes; this requirement cannot be replaced by IL-2. |
| 263 | 17429840 | Primed WC1(+) gammadelta T cells circulated as CD62L(hi)/CD45RO(int)/CD44(lo), characteristics of T(CM) cells. |
| 264 | 17429840 | When stimulated with antigen, they decreased CD62L, increased CD44 and CD25, and had no change in CD45RO expression. |
| 265 | 17429840 | Here we show that this response is dependent upon antigen-responsive CD4 T cells, at least across transwell membranes; this requirement cannot be replaced by IL-2. |
| 266 | 17429840 | Primed WC1(+) gammadelta T cells circulated as CD62L(hi)/CD45RO(int)/CD44(lo), characteristics of T(CM) cells. |
| 267 | 17429840 | When stimulated with antigen, they decreased CD62L, increased CD44 and CD25, and had no change in CD45RO expression. |
| 268 | 17709504 | Although CD4+ T cell-directed dendritic cell vaccination primed effector-like (CD44(high)CD62L(low), IL-2(+), IFN-gamma(+)) and central memory-like lymphocytes (CD44(high)CD62L(high), only IL-2(+)) in tumor-free mice, this was not the case in tumor-bearing animals in which both priming and persistence of CD4+ T cell memory were suppressed. |
| 269 | 17931755 | Positive prognostic indicators associated with reduced pathology in the BCG-vaccinated group were decreased antigen induced IFN-gamma, iNOS, IL-4, and MIP1-alpha responses, increased antigen induced FoxP3 expression, and a diminished activation phenotype (i.e., downward arrow CD25+ and CD44+ cells and upward arrow CD62L+ cells) in mycobacterial-stimulated mononuclear cell cultures. |
| 270 | 17997275 | Further, mice infected with lppB/msbB and lppAB/msbB mutants showed much higher levels of splenic T cell activation as measured by CD44(+) expression on CD4(+) T cells by flow cytometry and by incorporation of (3)H-thymidine compared to mice that were infected with WT S. |
| 271 | 18025217 | Differential requirements by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells for soluble and membrane TNF in control of Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain intramacrophage growth. |
| 272 | 18025217 | Generation of CD44(high) memory T cells and clearance of bacteria were similar, although more IFN-gamma and IL-12(p40) were produced by memTNF mice. |
| 273 | 18025217 | LVS-immune CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells isolated from WT and memTNF mice exhibited comparable control of LVS growth in either normal or TNF-alpha knockout macrophages. |
| 274 | 18025217 | Although the magnitude of CD4(+) T cell-induced macrophage NO production clearly depended on TNF, control of LVS growth by both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells did not correlate with levels of nitrite. |
| 275 | 18025217 | Importantly, intramacrophage LVS growth control by CD8(+) T cells, but not CD4(+) T cells, was almost entirely dependent on T cell-expressed TNF, and required stimulation through macrophage TNFRs. |
| 276 | 18055460 | We show that co-expression of interleukin 15 (IL-15) and IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Ralpha) in the same cell allows for the intracellular interaction of the two proteins early after translation, resulting in increased stability and secretion of both molecules as a complex. |
| 277 | 18055460 | In the absence of co-expressed IL-15Ralpha, a large portion of the produced IL-15 is rapidly degraded immediately after synthesis. |
| 278 | 18055460 | Co-injection into mice of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha expression plasmids led to significantly increased levels of the cytokine in serum as well as increased biological activity of IL-15. |
| 279 | 18055460 | The presence of IL-15Ralpha also increased the number of CD44(high) memory cells with effector phenotype (CD44(high)CD62L-). |
| 280 | 18055460 | Thus, mutual stabilization of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha leads to remarkable increases in production, stability, and tissue availability of bioactive IL-15 in vivo. |
| 281 | 18055460 | These results explain the reason for coordinate expression of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in the same cell and suggest that the IL-15Ralpha is part of the active IL-15 cytokine rather than part of the receptor. |
| 282 | 18300565 | CD44 gene vaccination for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 283 | 18413771 | In vitro, aAPC specifically primed Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells that were activated to express high levels of CD44, produced mainly interleukin 2, and could differentiate into Th1-like or Th2-like cells in combination with polarizing cytokines. |
| 284 | 18490727 | Despite recent gains in knowledge regarding CD1d-restricted NKT cells, very little is understood of non-CD1d-restricted NKT cells such as CD8(+)NK1.1(+) T cells, in part because of the very small proportion of these cells in the periphery. |
| 285 | 18490727 | In this study we took advantage of the high number of CD8(+)NK1.1(+) T cells in IL-15-transgenic mice to characterize this T cell population. |
| 286 | 18490727 | In the IL-15-transgenic mice, the absolute number of CD1d-tetramer(+) NKT cells did not increase, although IL-15 has been shown to play a critical role in the development and expansion of these cells. |
| 287 | 18490727 | The CD8(+)NK1.1(+) T cells in the IL-15-transgenic mice did not react with CD1d-tetramer. |
| 288 | 18490727 | In contrast to CD4(+)NK1.1(+) T cells, which were mostly CD1d-restricted NKT cells and of which approximately 70% were CD69(+)CD44(+), approximately 70% of CD8(+)NK1.1(+) T cells were CD69(-)CD44(+). |
| 289 | 18490727 | We could also expand similar CD8alphaalphaNK1.1(+) T cells but not CD4(+) NKT cells from CD8alpha(+)beta(-) bone marrow cells cultured ex vivo with IL-15. |
| 290 | 18490727 | These results suggest that high levels of IL-15 induce expansion or differentiation of a novel NK1.1(+) T cell subset, CD8alphaalphaNK1.1(+) T cells, and that IL-15-transgenic mice may be a useful resource for studying the functional relevance of CD8(+)NK1.1(+) T cells. |
| 291 | 18694298 | Detailed analysis of the immune response revealed that the combined DNA vaccine/KLKL(5)KLK mixture stimulated higher IL-12 secretion, resulted in significantly more CD4(+)/CD44(high) and CD8(+)/CD44(high) T-cell production (p < 0.01), elicited 1.5- to 1.8-fold higher interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, and produced stronger antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity than the combined DNA vaccine alone. |
| 292 | 18789993 | Spermatosome-mediated antigen delivery can affect both cytosolic and endosomal antigen-processing pathways, simultaneously, leading to the generation of CD4+ T-helper and CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses. |
| 293 | 18789993 | A potential vaccine candidate should impart long-lasting protection against infection; to this end, immunization with spermatosome-encapsulated OVA resulted in expression of CD44 and CD62L cell-surface markers on T cells, suggestive of a desirable memory response. |
| 294 | 18818323 | The pulmonary T-cell memory response was characterized by high numbers of CD44(hi) CD62L(lo) CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, M2 peptide tetramer(+) CD8(+) T cells expressing gamma interferon, and an RSV-specific antibody response. |
| 295 | 18838521 | Primary activation of antigen-specific naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells following intranasal vaccination with recombinant bacteria. |
| 296 | 18838521 | The primary activation of T-helper and T-cytotoxic cells following mucosal immunization with recombinant Streptococcus gordonii was studied in vivo by adoptive transfer of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific transgenic CD8(+) (OT-I) and CD4(+) (OT-II) T cells. |
| 297 | 18838521 | Recombinant, but not wild-type, bacteria induced OVA-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell clonal expansion in cervical lymph nodes, lung, and spleen. |
| 298 | 18838521 | OVA-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell proliferation appeared first in cervical lymph nodes and later in the spleen, suggesting a possible migration of activated cells from the inductive site to the systemic district. |
| 299 | 18838521 | A significant correlation between the percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) proliferating T cells was observed for each animal. |
| 300 | 18838521 | The expression of CD69, CD44, and CD45RB on proliferating T lymphocytes changed as a function of the cell division number, confirming T-cell activation following the antigen encounter. |
| 301 | 18838521 | These data indicate that intranasal immunization with recombinant S. gordonii is capable of inducing primary activation of naive antigen-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, both locally and systemically. |
| 302 | 19116651 | As soon as 5 days after an intraperitoneal infection with vv, we could identify a subset of CD44(hi) and CD62L(+) vv-specific CD8 T cells in the peritoneal exudate lymphocytes. |
| 303 | 19116651 | This population constituted approximately 10% of all antigen-specific T cells and like central memory T cells, they also expressed high levels of CCR7 and IL-7R but expressed little granzyme B. |
| 304 | 19347042 | In the P. berghei gamma-spz model, protection is linked to liver CD8+ T cells that express an effector/memory (T(EM)) phenotype, (CD44(hi)CD45RB(lo)CD62L(lo)), and produce IFN-gamma. |
| 305 | 19347042 | Moreover, in an in vitro system, liver cCD8alpha(+) DC induced naïve CD8+ T cells to express the CD8+ T(EM) phenotype and to secrete IFN-gamma. |
| 306 | 19526360 | However, the lack of epitope-specific CD8+ T cell detection and modest tumor protection observed highlight the need for further improvements to develop effective survivin DNA vaccination approaches. |
| 307 | 19526360 | Intradermal DNA EP of mice with a human survivin encoding plasmid generated CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses cross-reactive with the mouse epitope surv(20-28), as determined by intracellular IFN-gamma staining, suggesting that self-tolerance has been broken. |
| 308 | 19526360 | Survivin-specific CTLs displayed an activated effector phenotype as determined by CD44 and CD107 up-regulation. |
| 309 | 19561536 | As T cells themselves may serve as effective antigen-presenting cells (T antigen-presenting cells; TAPC) and may be useful in vivo as cellular vaccines, we examined whether CD8(+) T cells genetically modified to produce IL-21 could induce immune responses to tumor associated antigen peptides in healthy human leukocyte antigen-A2(+) donors. |
| 310 | 19561536 | We found that IL-21 modified TAPC enhanced both the proliferation and survival of MART-1 specific CD8(+) T cells, which were enriched by >8-fold over cultures with control nontransgenic TAPC. |
| 311 | 19561536 | MART-1-specific CTL produced interferon-gamma in response to cognate peptide antigen and killed primary tumor cells expressing MART-1 in a major histocompatibility complex restricted manner. |
| 312 | 19561536 | IL-21 modified TAPC similarly enhanced generation of functional CTL against melanoma antigen gp100 and the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated RHAMM antigen. |
| 313 | 19561536 | Antigen-specific CTL generated using IL-21 gene-modified TAPC had a central memory phenotype characterized by CD45RA(-), CD44(high), CD27(high), CD28(high), CD62L(high), and IL-7 receptor-alpha(high), contrasting with the terminal effector phenotype of CTL generated in the absence of IL-21. |
| 314 | 19577301 | However, there were no major changes in the expression levels of transcripts for cell surface proteins (MHC I, MHC II 2 beta-chain, TCR-beta, TLR-7, DCAR, CD44, and CD58) and cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma, RANTES, MIP-1beta-like and MCP-1 like chemokines). |
| 315 | 19620344 | T cells provide a substantial degree of this protection, as vaccine efficacy is maintained in B-cell-deficient muMT mice unless those animals are depleted of CD4 and CD8 T cells at the time of challenge. |
| 316 | 19620344 | Upon challenge with Y. pestis, pulmonary T-cell numbers decline in naive mice, whereas immunized mice show increased numbers of CD44(high) CD43(high) effector T cells and T cells primed to produce tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma interferon; neutralizing these cytokines at the time of challenge abrogates protection. |
| 317 | 19651871 | Perforin and gamma interferon expression are required for CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell-dependent protective immunity against a human parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, elicited by heterologous plasmid DNA prime-recombinant adenovirus 5 boost vaccination. |
| 318 | 19651871 | A heterologous prime-boost strategy using plasmid DNA, followed by replication-defective recombinant adenovirus 5, is being proposed as a powerful way to elicit CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell-mediated protective immunity against intracellular pathogens. |
| 319 | 19651871 | We confirmed this concept and furthered existing research by providing evidence that the heterologous prime-boost regimen using the gene encoding amastigote surface protein 2 elicited CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell-mediated protective immunity (reduction of acute parasitemia and prolonged survival) against experimental infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. |
| 320 | 19651871 | In spite of a normal numeric expansion, specific CD8(+) T cells presented several functional defects detected in vivo (cytotoxicity) and in vitro (simultaneous expression of CD107a/IFN-gamma or IFN-gamma/tumor necrosis factor alpha) paralleled by a decreased expression of CD44 and KLRG-1. |
| 321 | 19697061 | A rapid increase of activated cells (CD25(+), CD44(high), and CD62L(low)) and production of both interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 was found in spleens of both malaria-infected mouse strains. |
| 322 | 20086176 | Interleukin-15 and its receptor augment dendritic cell vaccination against the neu oncogene through the induction of antibodies partially independent of CD4 help. |
| 323 | 20086176 | Interleukin-15 (IL-15) stimulates the diffrentiation and proliferation of T, B, and natural killer cells; enhances CD8(+) cytolytic T-ceII activity; helps maintain CD44(hi)CD8(+) memory T cells; and stimulates immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells. |
| 324 | 20086176 | IL-15 is trans-presented to effector cells by its receptor, IL-15Ralpha, expressed on dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes. |
| 325 | 20086176 | We examined the antitumor effect of adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha to augment a DC vaccine directed against the NEU (ErbB2) oncoprotein. |
| 326 | 20086176 | The combination of neu, IL-15, and IL-15Ralpha gene transfer leads to a significaintly greater anti-NEU antibody response compared with mice treated with DC(Ad.Neu) or DC(Ad.Neu) combined with either IL-15 (DC(Ad.Neu+Ad.mlL-15)) or lL-15Ralpha (DC(Ad.Neu+Ad.mlL-15Ralpha)). |
| 327 | 20086176 | Coexpression of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in an anticancer vaccine enhanced immune responses against the NEU antigen and may overcome impaired CD4(+) T-helper function. |
| 328 | 20140010 | In this study, by analyzing the immune patterns of lymphocytes, we found that the percentage and absolute number of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells are markedly decreased in naive mice following treatment with LTBI. |
| 329 | 20140010 | On the contrary, the CD4(+)CD44(+)/CD8(+)CD44(+) effect or-memory T cells are greatly increased. |
| 330 | 20434546 | Immunophenotyping identified L133 as having a significantly lower CD4/CD8 ratio and a lower frequency of gammadelta T cells than L130 in the peripheral T cell compartment. |
| 331 | 20434546 | Furthermore, peripheral lymphocytes from L133 exhibited a significantly higher expression of CD44 and CD45 throughout the experiment. |
| 332 | 20434546 | Finally, the proliferative capacity of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ cells specific for NDV was addressed 3 weeks after vaccination and 1 week after infection and found to be significantly higher in L133 than in L130 at both sampling times. |
| 333 | 20472099 | This vaccination (DCNLGPCEA) elicits mitogen induced and CEA specific T cell proliferation, IFN gamma secretion and induces specific cytotoxic reactions to CEA(+) colon tumor cells. |
| 334 | 20472099 | In support, significant upregulation of CD44 on the surface of lymphocytes from DCNLGPCEA immunized mice was noticed with a substantial reduction in L-selectin (CD62L). |
| 335 | 20558242 | Repeated antigen inoculation resulted in increased numbers of the IFN-gamma-secreting CD44(+)CD62L(-) T cells that were comparable in magnitude to that seen in mice with persistent infections. |
| 336 | 20585335 | We found that depletion/inactivation of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg, either by treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-CD25 monoclonal antibodies or by adoptive transfer of CD4(+)CD25(-) T lymphocytes depleted of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg into nu/nu mice, impaired antibody production after mucosal immunization in the presence of CT. |
| 337 | 20585335 | Conversely, transfer of polyclonal, but not Ag-specific, CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg to normal BALB/c mice enhanced CT-induced antibody responses. |
| 338 | 20585335 | Recipients of polyclonal Treg that had been immunized with CT had an increased number of Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells with an activated phenotype (CD44(hi)) in the draining lymph nodes. |
| 339 | 20635971 | Moreover, treatment of tuberculous mice with Ag85AB-CpG-DDA induced higher production of type-I cytokines, generated more CD44-positive T cells and suppresses secretion of IL-4 as compared with untreated animals. |
| 340 | 20733203 | Homeostatic turnover of virus-specific memory CD8 T cells occurs stochastically and is independent of CD4 T cell help. |
| 341 | 20733203 | This homeostatic turnover was comparable between memory CD8 T cells of different viral epitope specificities and also the total memory phenotype (CD44(high)) CD8 T cells. |
| 342 | 20733203 | It is well established that CD4 T cell help is critical for maintenance of CD8 T cells during chronic infections, but recent studies have suggested that CD4 T cell help is also required for maintenance of memory CD8 T cells following acute infections. |
| 343 | 20733203 | Hence, we assessed the role of CD4 T cells in Ag-independent maintenance of memory CD8 T cells. |
| 344 | 20733203 | Interestingly, their homeostatic proliferation, ability to make recall responses, and phenotype were independent of CD4 T cell help because none of these qualities were affected when memory CD8 T cells were transferred and maintained in either MHC class II- or CD4-deficient recipients. |
| 345 | 20806065 | Five genes (CD44, CD58, CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1) had at least one significant haplotype in the unrelated or family analysis as well as the combined analysis. |
| 346 | 20806065 | Previous single locus results were confirmed for CD44 (combined global p = 9.1x10(-5) for rs353644-rs353630-rs7937602) and CD58 (combined global p = 0.008 for rs1414275-rs11588376-rs1016140). |
| 347 | 20806065 | Haplotypes in CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1 also associated with peak anti-HBs level. |
| 348 | 20806065 | We have identified strong haplotype effects on HBV vaccine-induced antibody level in five genes, three of which, CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1, did not show evidence of association in a single SNP analyses and corroborated the majority of these effects in two datasets. |
| 349 | 20806065 | Five genes (CD44, CD58, CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1) had at least one significant haplotype in the unrelated or family analysis as well as the combined analysis. |
| 350 | 20806065 | Previous single locus results were confirmed for CD44 (combined global p = 9.1x10(-5) for rs353644-rs353630-rs7937602) and CD58 (combined global p = 0.008 for rs1414275-rs11588376-rs1016140). |
| 351 | 20806065 | Haplotypes in CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1 also associated with peak anti-HBs level. |
| 352 | 20806065 | We have identified strong haplotype effects on HBV vaccine-induced antibody level in five genes, three of which, CDC42, IL19 and IL1R1, did not show evidence of association in a single SNP analyses and corroborated the majority of these effects in two datasets. |
| 353 | 21447831 | Thymocytes expressing a WT1-specific T-cell receptor derived from high avidity human CD8 T cells were positively selected into the single-positive CD8 population. |
| 354 | 21447831 | In the periphery, T cells specific for the WT1 antigen differentiated into CD44-high memory phenotype cells, whereas T cells specific for a non-self-viral antigen retained a CD44(low) naive phenotype. |
| 355 | 21638126 | LMW HA improved maturation of ex vivo generated DC, increased IL-12, decreased IL-10 production, and enhanced a MLR activity in vitro. |
| 356 | 21638126 | Although TNF-α showed a similar capacity to mature DC, preconditioning of DC/TL with LMW HA increased their ability to migrate in vitro toward CCL19 and CCL-21 in a CD44- and a TLR4-independent manner; this effect was superior to Poly(I:C), LPS, or TNF-α and partially associated with an increase in the expression of CCR7. |
| 357 | 21720558 | These CD4+CD44(hi)CD62L(lo)CD27⁻ T cells concomitantly produce IFN-γ and TNF-α, or IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α and have a higher cytokine median fluorescence intensity MFI or 'quality of response' than single cytokine producing cells. |
| 358 | 21730090 | Memory T cells displayed both central (CD44(hi) CD62L(hi)) and effector (CD44(hi) CD62L(lo)) phenotypes, with the central memory phenotype prevailing (56% of AMA-1-specific proliferating cells). |
| 359 | 21768350 | Substrate specificity was restricted to glycoproteins rich in O-linked glycans, including CD43, CD44, CD45, CD93, CD162 (PSGL-1; P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1), and the surface-attached chemokine fractalkine, all implicated in leukocyte trafficking, migration, and inflammation. |
| 360 | 21908423 | A CCR4 antagonist combined with vaccines induces antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and tumor immunity against self antigens. |
| 361 | 21908423 | CCR4 antagonists, an emergent class of Treg inhibitor, have been shown to block recruitment of Tregs mediated by CCL22 and CCL17. |
| 362 | 21908423 | Our aim was to demonstrate the ability of a CCR4 antagonist (a small chemical molecule identified in silico) when combined with vaccines to break peripheral tolerance controlled by Tregs, a prerequisite for the induction of CD8(+) T cells against self Ags. |
| 363 | 21908423 | Immunization of transgenic or normal mice expressing tumor-associated self Ags (Her2/neu, OVA, gp100) with a CCR4 antagonist combined with various vaccines led to the induction of effector CD8(+) T cells and partial inhibition of tumor growth expressing self Ags in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. |
| 364 | 21908423 | The CCR4 antagonist was more efficient than cyclophosphamide to elicit anti-self CD8(+) T cells. |
| 365 | 21908423 | We also showed that the population of Tregs expressing CCR4 corresponded to memory (CD44(high)) and activated (ICOS(+)) Tregs, an important population to be targeted to modulate Treg activity. |
| 366 | 21908423 | CCR4 antagonist represents a competitive class of Treg inhibitor able to induce functional anti-self CD8(+) T cells and tumor growth inhibition when combined with vaccines. |
| 367 | 22116674 | Herpes simplex virus protein ICP47, encoded by US12 gene, strongly downregulates major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-I antigen restricted presentation by blocking transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) protein. |
| 368 | 22116674 | To decrease viral vector antigenic immunodominance and MHC class-I driven clearance, we engineered recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVV) expressing ICP47 alone (rVV-US12) or together with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted Melan-A/MART-1(27-35) model tumor epitope (rVV-MUS12). |
| 369 | 22116674 | In this study, we show that antigen presenting cells (APC), infected with rVV-US12, display a decreased ability to present TAP dependent MHC class-I restricted viral antigens to CD8+ T-cells. |
| 370 | 22116674 | While HLA class-I cell surface expression is strongly downregulated, other important immune related molecules such as CD80, CD44 and, most importantly, MHC class-II are unaffected. |
| 371 | 22216206 | Development of an antibody to bovine IL-2 reveals multifunctional CD4 T(EM) cells in cattle naturally infected with bovine tuberculosis. |
| 372 | 22216206 | CD4 T cells play an established central role in immunity to TB, and recent interest has focussed on the potential role of multifunctional CD4 T cells expressing IFN-γ, IL-2 and TNF-α. |
| 373 | 22216206 | Until now, it has not been possible to assess the contribution of these multifunctional CD4 T cells in cattle due to the lack of reagents to detect bovine IL-2 (bIL-2). |
| 374 | 22216206 | Assessment of the frequency of antigen specific CD4 T cell subsets reveals a dominant IFN-γ(+)IL-2(+)TNF-α(+) and IFN-γ(+) TNF-α(+) response in naturally infected cattle. |
| 375 | 22216206 | These multifunctional CD4 T cells express a CD44(hi)CD45RO(+)CD62L(lo) T-effector memory (T(EM)) phenotype and display higher cytokine median fluorescence intensities than single cytokine producers, consistent with an enhanced 'quality of response' as reported for multifunctional cells in human and murine systems. |
| 376 | 22347482 | Application of human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) derived vectors for cancer gene therapy has been limited by the poor cell surface expression, on some tumor cell types, of the primary Ad5 receptor, the coxsackie-adenovirus-receptor (CAR), as well as the accumulation of Ad5 in the liver following interaction with blood coagulation factor X (FX) and subsequent tethering of the FX-Ad5 complex to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) on liver cells. |
| 377 | 22415304 | Rv0577 recognizes Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and functionally induces DC maturation by augmenting the expression of cell surface molecules (CD80, CD86, and MHC class I and II) and proinflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70) in DCs on MyD88-dependent signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and nuclear factor κB signaling pathways. |
| 378 | 22415304 | In addition, Rv0577-treated DCs activated naive T cells, effectively polarized CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to secrete IFN-γ and IL-2, and induced T-cell proliferation, indicating that this protein possibly contributes to Th1-polarization of the immune response. |
| 379 | 22415304 | More important, unlike LPS, Rv0577-treated DCs specifically induced the proliferation of memory CD4(+)/CD8(+)CD44(high)CD62L(low) T cells in the spleen of M. tuberculosis-infected mice in a TLR2-dependent manner. |
| 380 | 22450814 | Saracatinib, a specific inhibitor of Src family kinases, administered at low doses during the expansion or contraction phases, increased CD62L(high)/CD44(high) central memory CD8(+) T cells and IFN-γ production but suppressed immunity when added during the priming phase. |
| 381 | 22936657 | Absence of LTB4/BLT1 axis facilitates generation of mouse GM-CSF-induced long-lasting antitumor immunologic memory by enhancing innate and adaptive immune systems. |
| 382 | 22936657 | We here demonstrated that BLT1-deficient mice rejected subcutaneous tumor challenge of GM-CSF gene-transduced WEHI3B (WGM) leukemia cells (KO/WGM) and elicited robust antitumor responses against second tumor challenge with WEHI3B cells. |
| 383 | 22936657 | During GM-CSF-induced tumor regression, the defective LTB4/BLT1 signaling significantly reduced tumor-infiltrating myeloid-derived suppressor cells, increased the maturation status of dendritic cells in tumor tissues, enhanced their CD4(+) T-cell stimulation capacity and migration rate of dendritic cells that had phagocytosed tumor-associated antigens into tumor-draining lymph nodes, suggesting a positive impact on GM-CSF-sensitized innate immunity. |
| 384 | 22936657 | Furthermore, KO/WGM mice displayed activated adaptive immunity by attenuating regulatory CD4(+) T subsets and increasing numbers of Th17 and memory CD44(hi)CD4(+) T subsets, both of which elicited superior antitumor effects as evidenced by adoptive cell transfer. |
| 385 | 22936657 | Our data collectively underscore a negative role of LTB4/BLT1 signaling in effective generation and maintenance of GM-CSF-induced antitumor memory CD4(+) T cells. |
| 386 | 23029192 | BLS-OVA(257-264) immunization induced the proliferation of OVA(257-264)-specific CD8+ lymphocytes and also increased the percentage of OVA(257-264)-specific CD8+ cells expressing the early activation marker CD69; after 5 days, the percentage of OVA(257-264)-specific CD8+ cells expressing high levels of CD44 increased. |
| 387 | 23233854 | On the basis of phenotypic and functional characteristics, we have demonstrated that liver CD8 T cells form two subsets: CD44(hi)CD62L(lo)KLRG-1(+)CD107(+)CD127(-)CD122(lo)CD8 T effector/effector memory (T(E/EM)) cells that are the dominant IFN-γ producers and CD44(hi)CD62L(hi)KLRG-1(-)CD107(-)CD127(+)CD122(hi)CD8 T central memory (T(CM)) cells. |
| 388 | 23233854 | Finally, we present a hypothesis consistent with a model whereby intrahepatic CD8 T(CM) cells, that are maintained in part by LS-Ag depot and by IL-15-mediated survival and homeostatic proliferation, form a reservoir of cells ready for conscription to CD8 T(E/EM) cells needed to prevent re-infections. |
| 389 | 23266770 | Interestingly, studies have found that HSP72 chaperoned alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), HBx in hepatocellular carcinoma, and CD44 in colonic carcinomas. |
| 390 | 23326300 | Elevated expression of CD69, CD44 and Ki67 on CD8(+) T cells revealed their state of activation and proliferation by NLGP. |
| 391 | 23326300 | Consistently higher expression of CD107a was also observed in CD8(+) T cells from tumors. |
| 392 | 23326300 | This is correlated with the increment of CD44(hi)CD62L(hi) central memory T cells. |
| 393 | 23326300 | Elevated expression of CD69, CD44 and Ki67 on CD8(+) T cells revealed their state of activation and proliferation by NLGP. |
| 394 | 23326300 | Consistently higher expression of CD107a was also observed in CD8(+) T cells from tumors. |
| 395 | 23326300 | This is correlated with the increment of CD44(hi)CD62L(hi) central memory T cells. |
| 396 | 23589611 | The survival of memory CD8 T cells that is mediated by IL-15 correlates with sustained protection against malaria. |
| 397 | 23589611 | IFN-γ(+) CD8 T cells that arise in Pb γ-spz-immunized B6 mice are found predominantly in the liver and are sensitive to levels of liver-stage Ag depot and they express CD44(hi)CD62L(lo) markers indicative of effector/effector memory phenotype. |
| 398 | 23589611 | The developmentally related central memory CD8 T (TCM) cells express elevated levels of CD122 (IL-15Rβ), which suggests that CD8 TCM cells depend on IL-15 for maintenance. |
| 399 | 23589611 | Using IL-15-deficient mice, we demonstrate in this study that although protective immunity is inducible in these mice, protection is short-lived, mainly owing to the inability of CD8 TCM cells to survive in the IL-15-deficient milieu. |
| 400 | 23589611 | We present a hypothesis consistent with a model whereby intrahepatic CD8 TCM cells, being maintained by IL-15-mediated survival and basal proliferation, are conscripted into the CD8 effector/effector memory T cell pool during subsequent infections. |
| 401 | 23638188 | The P domain complexes induced significant central memory CD4(+) T cell phenotypes (CD4(+) CD44(+) CD62L(+) CCR7(+)) and activated polyclonal CD4(+) T cells as shown by production of Interleukin (IL)-2, Interferon (IFN)-γ, and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α. |
| 402 | 23638188 | Furthermore, P domain complexes efficiently induced bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (BMDC) maturation, evidenced by up-regulation of co-stimulatory and MHC class II molecules, as well as production of IL-12 and IL-1β. |
| 403 | 23676462 | PD-L1 blockade synergizes with IL-2 therapy in reinvigorating exhausted T cells. |
| 404 | 23676462 | To address this issue, we examined the effect of IL-2 and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade in the mouse model of chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection. |
| 405 | 23676462 | We found that low-dose IL-2 administration alone enhanced CD8+ T cell responses in chronically infected mice. |
| 406 | 23676462 | IL-2 treatment also decreased inhibitory receptor levels on virus-specific CD8+ T cells and increased expression of CD127 and CD44, resulting in a phenotype resembling that of memory T cells. |
| 407 | 23676462 | However, combining IL-2 treatment with blockade of the PD-1 inhibitory pathway had striking synergistic effects in enhancing virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses and decreasing viral load. |
| 408 | 23676462 | These results suggest that combined IL-2 therapy and PD-L1 blockade merits consideration as a regimen for treating human chronic infections and cancer. |
| 409 | 23724014 | In this study, we investigated a novel neuronal differentiation strategy in vitro with Lmx1α and NTN. |
| 410 | 23724014 | The result showed that cells isolated from the umbilical cord were negative for CD45, CD34 and HLA-DR, but were positive for CD44, CD49d, CD29. |
| 411 | 23724014 | After those cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus, RT-PCR result shows that both Lmx1α and NTN genes were transcribed in hUC-MSCs. |
| 412 | 23724014 | After hUC-MSCs were induced with endogenous and exogenous factors, the mature neurons specific gene TH, Pitx3 was transcripted and the neurons specific protein TH, β-tubulinIII, NSE, Nestin, MAP-2 was expressed in those differentiated cells. |
| 413 | 23825389 | DCs treated with RpfB displayed features of mature and functional status, with elevated expression of cell surface molecules (CD80, CD86, and MHC class I and II) and proinflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70). |
| 414 | 23825389 | RpfB-treated DCs effectively polarized naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to secrete IFN-γ and IL-2. |
| 415 | 23825389 | Importantly, RpfB induced the expansion of memory CD4(+)/CD8(+)CD44(high)CD62L(low) T cells in the spleen of M. tuberculosis-infected mice. |
| 416 | 23896726 | Here we identified the NOTCH antagonist delta-like 1 homologue (DLK1) as a vascular pericyte-associated antigen expressed in renal cell carcinomas (RCC), but not in normal kidney tissues in mice and humans. |
| 417 | 23896726 | After therapeutic vaccination, tumors displayed increased prevalence of activated VCAM1(+)CD31(+) vascular endothelial cells (VECs) and CXCL10, a type-1 T cell recruiting chemokine, in concert with increased levels of type-1 CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). |
| 418 | 23896726 | Vaccination against DLK1 also yielded (i) dramatic reductions in Jarid1B(+), CD133(+), and CD44(+) (hypoxia-responsive) stromal cell populations, (ii) enhanced tumor cell apoptosis, and (iii) increased NOTCH signaling in the TME. |
| 419 | 23966552 | The CD3(+) CD4(-) CD8(hi) T cell population was the first and major source of CSFV-specific IFN-γ. |
| 420 | 23966552 | A proportion of these cells showed evidence for cytotoxicity, as evidenced by CD107a mobilization, and coexpressed tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). |
| 421 | 23966552 | While virus-specific CD4 T cell (CD3(+) CD4(+) CD8α(+)) responses were detected, the dominant response was again from the CD8 T cell population, with the highest numbers of these cells being detected 14 and 7 days after the primary and secondary challenges, respectively. |
| 422 | 23966552 | These CD8 T cells were further characterized as CD44(hi) CD62L(-) and expressed variable levels of CD25 and CD27, indicative of a mixed effector and effector memory phenotype. |
| 423 | 23966552 | The majority of virus-specific IFN-γ(+) CD8 T cells isolated at the peaks of the response after each challenge displayed CD107a on their surface, and subpopulations that coexpressed TNF-α and interleukin 2 (IL-2) were identified. |
| 424 | 23980113 | Here, we have further characterized vaccine-induced changes in the CD8(+) T cell phenotype and demonstrated significant upregulation of CD11c on CD3(+) CD8b(+) T cells in the liver, spleen, and peripheral blood. |
| 425 | 23980113 | CD11c(+) CD8(+) T cells are predominantly CD11a(hi) CD44(hi) CD62L(-), indicative of antigen-experienced effector cells. |
| 426 | 23980113 | Following in vitro restimulation with malaria-infected hepatocytes, CD11c(+) CD8(+) T cells expressed inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxicity markers, including IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), perforin, and CD107a. |
| 427 | 23980113 | CD11c(-) CD8(+) T cells, on the other hand, expressed negligible amounts of all inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxicity markers tested, indicating that CD11c marks multifunctional effector CD8(+) T cells. |
| 428 | 23980113 | Coculture of CD11c(+), but not CD11c(-), CD8(+) T cells with sporozoite-infected primary hepatocytes significantly inhibited liver-stage parasite development. |
| 429 | 23980113 | Tetramer staining for the immunodominant circumsporozoite protein (CSP)-specific CD8(+) T cell epitope demonstrated that approximately two-thirds of CSP-specific cells expressed CD11c at the peak of the CD11c(+) CD8(+) T cell response, but CD11c expression was lost as the CD8(+) T cells entered the memory phase. |
| 430 | 23980113 | Further analyses showed that CD11c(+) CD8(+) T cells are primarily KLRG1(+) CD127(-) terminal effectors, whereas all KLRG1(-) CD127(+) memory precursor effector cells are CD11c(-) CD8(+) T cells. |
| 431 | 24065177 | The results indicated that curcumin and BPS regulated invasion of SKOV3 cells and DCs by distinctly downregulating OPN, CD44 and MMP-9 expression. |
| 432 | 24319444 | NKp46/NCR1(+) CD3(-) cells constituted 2-11% of mononuclear cells in afferent lymph (AL), a majority of cells were CD16(+), CD8α(+), and CD2(-/low), and elevated CD25 and CD44 expression indicated an activated phenotype. |
| 433 | 24319444 | A large proportion of lymph and blood NK cells produced interferon (IFN)-γ following stimulation with IL-2 and IL-12. |
| 434 | 24349003 | T cells were indeed activated by the antigen encounter and acquired homing molecules essential to disseminate towards distal lymphoid organs as confirmed by the modulation of CD45RB, CD69, CD44 and CD62L marker expression. |
| 435 | 24478103 | In this study, we found that macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, and both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells recruited to Coccidioides posadasii-infected lungs of nonvaccinated and vaccinated mice contributed to the production of IL-10. |
| 436 | 24478103 | The major IL-10-producing leukocytes were CD8(+) T cells, neutrophils, and macrophages in lungs of nonvaccinated mice, while both Foxp3(+) and Foxp3(-) subsets of IL-10(+) CD4(+) T cells were significantly elevated in vaccinated mice. |
| 437 | 24478103 | Profiles of the recruited leukocytes in lungs revealed that only CD4(+) T cells were significantly increased in IL-10(-/-) knockout mice compared to their wild-type counterparts. |
| 438 | 24478103 | Furthermore, ex vivo recall assays showed that CD4(+) T cells isolated from vaccinated IL-10(-/-) mice compared to vaccinated wild-type mice produced significantly higher amounts of IL-2, gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17A in the presence of a coccidioidal antigen, indicating that IL-10 suppresses Th1, Th2, and Th17 immunity to Coccidioides infection. |
| 439 | 24478103 | Analysis of absolute numbers of CD44(+) CD62L(-) CD4(+) T effector memory T cells (TEM) and IFN-γ- and IL-17A-producing CD4(+) T cells in the lungs of Coccidioides-infected mice correlated with better fungal clearance in nonvaccinated IL-10(-/-) mice than in nonvaccinated wild-type mice. |
| 440 | 24478103 | Our results suggest that IL-10 suppresses CD4(+) T-cell immunity in nonvaccinated mice during Coccidioides infection but does not impede the development of a memory response nor exacerbate immunopathology of vaccinated mice over at least a 4-month period after the last immunization. |
| 441 | 24606864 | Immunization with MWNT+rMSP1a significantly induced higher percentages of CD4(+)CD44(+) and CD4(+)CD62L(+) lymphocytes, high levels of TNF-α, and a higher proliferative rate of splenocytes compared to mice immunized with rMSP1a alone (G1 group). |
| 442 | 24623128 | In this study, we have identified a population of CD44+ CD27- memory γδ T cells, expanded upon infection of C57BL/6 mice with S. aureus, which produce high levels of IL-17 and mediate enhanced bacterial clearance upon reinfection with the bacterium. |
| 443 | 24760079 | Identification and HLA-tetramer-validation of human CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against HCMV proteins IE1 and IE2. |
| 444 | 24760079 | Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses are important for long-term control of the virus, and adoptive transfer of HCMV-specific T cells has led to protection from reactivation and HCMV disease. |
| 445 | 24760079 | In this study, we have focused on CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against the immediate early 1 and 2 proteins (IE1 and IE2). |
| 446 | 24760079 | The specificities of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were identified and validated by HLA class II and I tetramers, respectively. |
| 447 | 24760079 | Eighty-one CD4+ and 44 CD8+ T cell responses were identified representing at least seven different CD4 epitopes and 14 CD8 epitopes restricted by seven and 11 different HLA class II and I molecules, respectively, in total covering 91 and 98% of the Caucasian population, respectively. |
| 448 | 24768503 | Previously, we reported an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR3 and CD44 and the persistence of MenC vaccine immunity. |
| 449 | 24768503 | Tagging SNPs (TagSNPs) within TLR3 and CD44 were genotyped and regional imputations carried out to screen these genes for variations associated with immunological responses to MenC vaccine. |
| 450 | 24768503 | These data support our previous findings of an association between SNPs in TLR3 and CD44, and present novel findings implicating exonic variants in these genes with MenC vaccine responses. |
| 451 | 24768503 | Previously, we reported an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR3 and CD44 and the persistence of MenC vaccine immunity. |
| 452 | 24768503 | Tagging SNPs (TagSNPs) within TLR3 and CD44 were genotyped and regional imputations carried out to screen these genes for variations associated with immunological responses to MenC vaccine. |
| 453 | 24768503 | These data support our previous findings of an association between SNPs in TLR3 and CD44, and present novel findings implicating exonic variants in these genes with MenC vaccine responses. |
| 454 | 24768503 | Previously, we reported an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR3 and CD44 and the persistence of MenC vaccine immunity. |
| 455 | 24768503 | Tagging SNPs (TagSNPs) within TLR3 and CD44 were genotyped and regional imputations carried out to screen these genes for variations associated with immunological responses to MenC vaccine. |
| 456 | 24768503 | These data support our previous findings of an association between SNPs in TLR3 and CD44, and present novel findings implicating exonic variants in these genes with MenC vaccine responses. |
| 457 | 24874290 | The granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor surface modified MB49 bladder cancer stem cells vaccine against metastatic bladder cancer. |
| 458 | 24874290 | MCSCs possessed higher expression of CD133, CD44, OCT4, NANOG, and ABCG2, the ability of differentiation, higher proliferative abilities, lower susceptibility to chemotherapy, greater migration in vitro, and stronger tumorigenic abilities in vivo. |
| 459 | 24874290 | Then streptavidin-mouse granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (SA-mGM-CSF) MCSCs vaccine was prepared. |
| 460 | 24874290 | The level of immunoglobulin G and the ratio of dendritic cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were highest in the experimental group when compared to those in other four control groups, as well as for the cytotoxicity assay. |
| 461 | 25043277 | Based on our results, we suggest four correlates of cellular protection for the assessment of protective rickettsial antigens: (1) production of IFN-γ by antigen-experienced CD3(+)CD8(+)CD44(high) cells, (2) production of Granzyme B by CD27(low)CD43(low) antigen-experienced CD8(+) T cells, (3) generation of memory-type CD8(+) T cells [Memory Precursor Effector Cells (MPECs), as well as CD127(high)CD43(low), and CD27(high)CD43(low) CD8(+) T cells], and (4) generation of effector-like memory CD8(+) T cells (CD27(low)CD43(low)). |
| 462 | 25195511 | Transgenic 4-1BBL-engineered vaccine stimulates potent Gag-specific therapeutic and long-term immunity via increased priming of CD44(+)CD62L(high) IL-7R(+) CTLs with up- and downregulation of anti- and pro-apoptosis genes. |
| 463 | 25195511 | OVA-Texo/4-1BBL-stimulated CTLs, which have a CD44(+)CD62L(high) IL-7R(+) phenotype, are likely memory CTL precursors, demonstrating prolonged survival and enhanced differentiation into memory CTLs with functional recall responses and long-term immunity against BL6-10OVA melanoma. |
| 464 | 25195511 | In addition, we demonstrate that OVA-Texo/4-1BBL-stimulated CTLs up- and downregulate the expression of anti-apoptosis (Bcl2l10, Naip1, Nol3, Pak7 and Tnfrsf11b) and pro-apoptosis (Casp12, Trp63 and Trp73) genes, respectively, by RT(2) Profiler PCR array analysis. |
| 465 | 25195511 | Transgenic 4-1BBL-engineered vaccine stimulates potent Gag-specific therapeutic and long-term immunity via increased priming of CD44(+)CD62L(high) IL-7R(+) CTLs with up- and downregulation of anti- and pro-apoptosis genes. |
| 466 | 25195511 | OVA-Texo/4-1BBL-stimulated CTLs, which have a CD44(+)CD62L(high) IL-7R(+) phenotype, are likely memory CTL precursors, demonstrating prolonged survival and enhanced differentiation into memory CTLs with functional recall responses and long-term immunity against BL6-10OVA melanoma. |
| 467 | 25195511 | In addition, we demonstrate that OVA-Texo/4-1BBL-stimulated CTLs up- and downregulate the expression of anti-apoptosis (Bcl2l10, Naip1, Nol3, Pak7 and Tnfrsf11b) and pro-apoptosis (Casp12, Trp63 and Trp73) genes, respectively, by RT(2) Profiler PCR array analysis. |
| 468 | 25273090 | In this study, we found that osteopontin expressed by tumor cells enhances extramedullary myelopoiesis in a CD44-dependent manner through the Erk1/2-MAPK pathway. |
| 469 | 25354268 | The vaccine elicited strong antibody production against multiple TAAs in pancreatic cancer cells and induced activation of multiple tumor-specific T cells in α1,3-galactosyltransferase (α1,3GT) knockout (KO) mice. |
| 470 | 25354268 | The tumor lysate vaccine exhibited a similar effect on pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) with the CD44+CD24+ phenotype. |
| 471 | 25473946 | In contrast to the ability of long-lived CD8(+) memory T cells to mediate protection against systemic viral infections, the relationship between CD4(+) T cell memory and acquired resistance against infectious pathogens remains poorly defined. |
| 472 | 25473946 | We found that pre-existing, CD44(+)CD62L(-)T-bet(+)Ly6C+ effector (T(EFF)) cells that are short-lived in the absence of infection and are not derived from memory cells reactivated by secondary challenge, mediate concomitant immunity. |
| 473 | 25473946 | Upon adoptive transfer and challenge, non-dividing Ly6C(+) T(EFF) cells preferentially homed to the skin, released IFN-γ, and conferred protection as compared to CD44(+)CD62L(-)Ly6C(-) effector memory or CD44(+)CD62L(+)Ly6C(-) central memory cells. |
| 474 | 25473946 | In contrast to the ability of long-lived CD8(+) memory T cells to mediate protection against systemic viral infections, the relationship between CD4(+) T cell memory and acquired resistance against infectious pathogens remains poorly defined. |
| 475 | 25473946 | We found that pre-existing, CD44(+)CD62L(-)T-bet(+)Ly6C+ effector (T(EFF)) cells that are short-lived in the absence of infection and are not derived from memory cells reactivated by secondary challenge, mediate concomitant immunity. |
| 476 | 25473946 | Upon adoptive transfer and challenge, non-dividing Ly6C(+) T(EFF) cells preferentially homed to the skin, released IFN-γ, and conferred protection as compared to CD44(+)CD62L(-)Ly6C(-) effector memory or CD44(+)CD62L(+)Ly6C(-) central memory cells. |
| 477 | 25499555 | When the conjugate was treated with CD44(high) TC-1 tumor cells, it was effectively taken up and allowed for displaying of antigenic OVA257-264 peptide at MHC class I on the surface of the cells. |
| 478 | 25595261 | The rat susceptibility to EAE induction, as well as the number of activated CD4+CD134+ lymphocytes retrieved from their spinal cords progressively decreased with aging. |
| 479 | 25595261 | To the contrary, in rats immunized for EAE the number of activated CD4+ splenocytes, i.e., CD4+CD134+, CD4+CD25+FoxP3- and CD4+CD40L+ cells, progressively increased with aging. |
| 480 | 25595261 | This was associated with age-related increase in (i) CD4+ splenocyte surface expression of CD44, the molecule suggested to be involved in limiting emigration of encephalitogenic CD4+ cells from spleen into blood and (ii) frequency of regulatory T cells, including CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells, which are also shown to control encephalitogenic cell migration from spleen into the central nervous system. |
| 481 | 25595261 | In favor of expansion of T-regulatory cell pool in aged rats was the greater concentration of IL-10 in unstimulated, Concanavalin A (ConA)- and myelin basic protein (MBP)-stimulated splenocyte cultures from aged rats compared with the corresponding cultures from young ones. |
| 482 | 25595261 | Consistent with the age-related increase in the expression of CD44, which is shown to favor Th1 effector cell survival by interfering with CD95-mediated signaling, the frequency of apoptotic cells among CD4+ splenocytes, despite the greater frequency of CD95+ cells, was diminished in splenocyte cultures from aged compared with young rats. |
| 483 | 25595261 | In addition, in control, as well as in ConA- and MBP-stimulated splenocyte cultures from aged rats, despite of impaired CD4+ cell proliferation, IFN-γ concentrations were greater than in corresponding cultures from young rats. |
| 484 | 25595261 | The diminished CD4+ cell proliferation in response to ConA and MBP in splenocyte cultures from aged compared with young rats could be, at least partly, associated with an enhanced splenic expression of iNOS mRNA in aged rats. |
| 485 | 25595261 | The rat susceptibility to EAE induction, as well as the number of activated CD4+CD134+ lymphocytes retrieved from their spinal cords progressively decreased with aging. |
| 486 | 25595261 | To the contrary, in rats immunized for EAE the number of activated CD4+ splenocytes, i.e., CD4+CD134+, CD4+CD25+FoxP3- and CD4+CD40L+ cells, progressively increased with aging. |
| 487 | 25595261 | This was associated with age-related increase in (i) CD4+ splenocyte surface expression of CD44, the molecule suggested to be involved in limiting emigration of encephalitogenic CD4+ cells from spleen into blood and (ii) frequency of regulatory T cells, including CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells, which are also shown to control encephalitogenic cell migration from spleen into the central nervous system. |
| 488 | 25595261 | In favor of expansion of T-regulatory cell pool in aged rats was the greater concentration of IL-10 in unstimulated, Concanavalin A (ConA)- and myelin basic protein (MBP)-stimulated splenocyte cultures from aged rats compared with the corresponding cultures from young ones. |
| 489 | 25595261 | Consistent with the age-related increase in the expression of CD44, which is shown to favor Th1 effector cell survival by interfering with CD95-mediated signaling, the frequency of apoptotic cells among CD4+ splenocytes, despite the greater frequency of CD95+ cells, was diminished in splenocyte cultures from aged compared with young rats. |
| 490 | 25595261 | In addition, in control, as well as in ConA- and MBP-stimulated splenocyte cultures from aged rats, despite of impaired CD4+ cell proliferation, IFN-γ concentrations were greater than in corresponding cultures from young rats. |
| 491 | 25595261 | The diminished CD4+ cell proliferation in response to ConA and MBP in splenocyte cultures from aged compared with young rats could be, at least partly, associated with an enhanced splenic expression of iNOS mRNA in aged rats. |
| 492 | 25617474 | HLA-A02:01-restricted epitopes identified from the herpes simplex virus tegument protein VP11/12 preferentially recall polyfunctional effector memory CD8+ T cells from seropositive asymptomatic individuals and protect humanized HLA-A*02:01 transgenic mice against ocular herpes. |
| 493 | 25617474 | In this study, we used multiple prediction computer-assisted algorithms to identify 10 potential HLA-A*02:01-restricted CD8(+) T cell epitopes from the 718-aa sequence of VP11/12. |
| 494 | 25617474 | In 10 sequentially studied HLA-A*02:01-positive and HSV-1-seropositive ASYMP individuals, the most frequent, robust, and polyfunctional effector CD8(+) T cell responses, as assessed by a combination of tetramer frequency, granzyme B, granzyme K, perforin, CD107(a/b) cytotoxic degranulation, IFN-γ, and multiplex cytokines assays, were predominantly directed against three epitopes: VP11/1266-74, VP11/12220-228, and VP11/12702-710. |
| 495 | 25617474 | Interestingly, ASYMP individuals had a significantly higher proportion of CD45RA(low)CCR7(low)CD44(high)CD62L(low)CD27(low)CD28(low)CD8(+) effector memory CD8(+) T cells (TEMs) specific to the three epitopes, compared with symptomatic individuals (with a history of numerous episodes of recurrent ocular herpetic disease). |
| 496 | 25617474 | Moreover, immunization of HLA-A*02:01 transgenic mice with the three ASYMP CD8(+) TEM cell epitopes induced robust and polyfunctional epitope-specific CD8(+) TEM cells that were associated with a strong protective immunity against ocular herpes infection and disease. |
| 497 | 25845290 | It is noteworthy that an increase in the multi-functional [interferon (IFN)-γ(hi) /tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α(hi) ] CD4 and CD8 T cells were observed in BCG-primed and Acr1L-boosted (BCG-Acr1L) animals, compared to BCG alone. |
| 498 | 25845290 | Further, substantial expansion of both central memory (CD44(hi) /CD62L(hi) ) and effector memory (CD44(hi) /CD62L(lo) ) populations of CD4 and CD8 T cells was noted. |
| 499 | 25873269 | ALDH, CD44, CD133, and HER2 have served as markers to isolate CSCs from a number of tumor types in animal models and human tumors. |
| 500 | 25873269 | Targeting the tumor microenvironment, such as interrupting the immune cell, for example, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and cytokines, for example, IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the immune checkpoint (PD1/PDL1, etc.) may provide additional novel strategies to enhance the immunological targeting of CSCs. |
| 501 | 25879774 | Cultured cells (13 days) or fresh PBMCs (ex vivo response) from the same calves were analyzed for IFN-γ production, proliferation, and CD4, CD45RO, CD62L, CD44, and CCR7 expression via flow cytometry after overnight stimulation. |
| 502 | 26195801 | IL-15 receptor α signaling constrains the development of IL-17-producing γδ T cells. |
| 503 | 26195801 | Here we examine the role of IL-15 and its unique receptor, IL-15Rα, in the development of IL-17-producing γδ (γδ-17) T cells. |
| 504 | 26195801 | Phenotypic analysis has shown that CD44(high) γδ-17 cells express IL-15Rα and the common gamma chain (CD132), yet lack the IL-2/15Rβ chain (CD122). |
| 505 | 26195801 | Finally, an analysis of neonatal thymi revealed that the CD44(lo/int) precursors of γδ-17 cells, which also expressed IL-15Rα, were increased in newborn mice deficient in IL-15Rα signaling, but not in IL-15 itself. |
| 506 | 26195801 | IL-15 receptor α signaling constrains the development of IL-17-producing γδ T cells. |
| 507 | 26195801 | Here we examine the role of IL-15 and its unique receptor, IL-15Rα, in the development of IL-17-producing γδ (γδ-17) T cells. |
| 508 | 26195801 | Phenotypic analysis has shown that CD44(high) γδ-17 cells express IL-15Rα and the common gamma chain (CD132), yet lack the IL-2/15Rβ chain (CD122). |
| 509 | 26195801 | Finally, an analysis of neonatal thymi revealed that the CD44(lo/int) precursors of γδ-17 cells, which also expressed IL-15Rα, were increased in newborn mice deficient in IL-15Rα signaling, but not in IL-15 itself. |
| 510 | 26439698 | PPE26 functionally stimulates macrophage activation by augmenting pro-inflammatory cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12 p40) and the expression of cell surface markers (CD80, CD86, MHC class I and II). |
| 511 | 26439698 | We observed that PPE26-treated macrophages effectively polarizes naïve CD4(+) T cells to up-regulate CXCR3 expression, and to secrete IFN-γ and IL-2, indicating PPE26 contributes to the Th1 polarization during the immune response. |
| 512 | 26439698 | Moreover, PPE26 effectively induces the reciprocal expansion of effector/memory CD4(+)/CD8(+) CD44(high)CD62L(low) T cells in the spleens of mice immunized with this strain. |
| 513 | 26450377 | Liver CD3 + CD8 T cells can further be divided into subsets based on the expression of specific surface molecules and the increase of CD8 effector memory (TEM) cells (identified by the phenotype CD44(+)CD62L(-)) has been shown to mediate protection by releasing of IFN-γ while CD8 central memory (TCM) cells (CD44(+)CD62L(+)) are important for maintaining long-term protection.Identification of multiple CD8 T cell subsets present in the liver relies on the ability to detect multiple surface markers simultaneously. |
| 514 | 26450377 | In this chapter we present a basic 9-color surface staining panel that can be used to identify CD8 TEM, CD8 TCM, short-lived effector cells (SLECs), and memory precursor cells (MPECs) as well as identify those cells which have recently undergone degranulation (surface expression of CD107a). |