Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CD68

Gene name: CD68 molecule

HGNC ID: 1693

Synonyms: SCARD1, macrosialin, GP110, DKFZp686M18236, LAMP4

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	AIF1	1 hits
2	APC	1 hits
3	CCR7	1 hits
4	CD14	1 hits
5	CD163	1 hits
6	CD19	1 hits
7	CD1A	1 hits
8	CD209	1 hits
9	CD22	1 hits
10	CD4	1 hits
11	CD40	1 hits
12	CD8A	1 hits
13	CXCL10	1 hits
14	CXCR3	1 hits
15	FCGR1A	1 hits
16	FCGR2A	1 hits
17	FSCN1	1 hits
18	HLA-A	1 hits
19	ITGAM	1 hits
20	ITGAX	1 hits
21	NOS2A	1 hits
22	PECAM1	1 hits
23	SPN	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	1593713	Increases in CD3+ T cell infiltration of the lamina propria and that of the CD4+ "Helper" subset which predominated were significant up to 3 months post-therapy and these cells showed evidence of increased immunological activation as shown by increased interleukin-2 receptor and MHC Class II antigen expression.
2	1593713	There were also significant increases in CD68+ macrophage and the incidence of CD22+ B cell aggregates but CD57+ NK cells were sparse both before and after therapy.
3	1593713	Also the degree of T cell infiltration (CD3, CD4 and CD8) was significantly greater in the eight patients deemed to have had a complete response compared to those seven with a partial response or treatment failure.
4	8830116	Immunohistological examination of lung, spleen, lymph node and thymus tissue, derived from reconstituted mice, with human leukocyte specific monoclonal antibodies revealed the presence of human macrophages (CD68+), T cells (CD43+) and B cells (CD20+).
5	14522932	Lesion-infiltrating CD4(+), CD8(+), CD1a(+), and CD68(+) immune cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry.
6	14522932	Before vaccination, clinical responders had significantly higher levels of lesion-associated CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD1a(+)-immune cells than nonresponders.
7	14522932	Nonresponders did show a significant increase in CD4(+)- and CD8(+)- but not CD1a(+)-immune cells postvaccination but at lower levels overall than responder patients.
8	17804688	CD14+ antigen-presenting cells in human dermis are less mature than their CD1a+ counterparts.
9	17804688	We recently demonstrated that three antigen-presenting cell (APC) subsets exist in the healthy human dermis, CD14(+) and CD1a(+) dermal APCs and migratory dermal Langerhans cells.
10	17804688	Here, we extend these findings by defining CD208 as an exclusive marker of migratory dermal Langerhans cells, confirming that migratory dermal Langerhans cells (CD1a(high) CD207(+) CD208(+)) and CD1a(+) dermal APCs (CD1a(mid) CD207(-) CD208(-)) are two distinct APC populations.
11	17804688	Using flow cytometry and multicolor fluorescence immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that there were striking differences between CD1a(+) and CD14(+) dermal APCs in their expression of pattern recognition receptors and maturation markers.
12	17804688	Expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, CD206 and CD209 was largely restricted to CD14(+) dermal APCs.
13	17804688	Consistent with these observations, most CD14(+) dermal APCs expressed an immature phenotype when compared with CD1a(+) dermal APCs, which expressed high levels of the maturation marker CD83 on their cell surface.
14	17804688	However, a subset of CD14(+) dermal APCs also expressed cell-surface CD83, associated with a loss of cell-surface TLR2, suggesting that they have the capacity to mature.
15	17804688	CD14(+) dermal APCs are therefore the dominant cutaneous APC population capable of sensing ligands recognized by CD206, CD209 and TLR2 and subsequently may have the potential to mature.
16	17804688	CD68 expression was largely restricted to a subset of CD14(+) dermal APCs, while both CD14(+) and CD1a(+) dermal APCs expressed CD11b and CD11c.
17	21573012	These cells were T cells and non-T cells that were not epithelial cells, CD68(+) macrophages, DC-SIGN(+) cells or fascin(+) dendritic cells.
18	22159517	Immunohistochemistry studies showed a large number of activated macrophages (CD31(+)/CD68(+)) infiltrating into OVCAR-3 tumors and higher densities of IL-12, IP10 and NOS2, markers of M1 (classical) macrophages in tumors treated with combination therapy compared to the controls.
19	22907986	Skin biopsies were taken on completion of the observation period after each challenge for standard histological examination and immunolabeling using CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD19 (B lymphocytes) and CD68 (macrophages) antibodies.
20	24761845	The surface expression of CD40, CD68, MHC II and CD11c was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM), and the lethal effects of CTL against CaSki cells were determined by DAPI, FCM and CCK-8 methods.
21	25430817	Data were corrected for age, gender, duration of dementia and APOE genotype and also assessed in relation to Aβ42 and tau pathology and key features of AD.
22	25430817	In AD, associations of spongiosis status, curvature ratio and pPKR load with microglial markers Iba1, CD68 and CD32 suggest a role for microglia in neurodegeneration.
23	25430817	After immunization, correlations were detected between the number of NeuN-positive neurons and pPKR with Iba1, CD68 and CD64, suggesting that microglia are involved in the neuronal loss.
24	25430817	Data were corrected for age, gender, duration of dementia and APOE genotype and also assessed in relation to Aβ42 and tau pathology and key features of AD.
25	25430817	In AD, associations of spongiosis status, curvature ratio and pPKR load with microglial markers Iba1, CD68 and CD32 suggest a role for microglia in neurodegeneration.
26	25430817	After immunization, correlations were detected between the number of NeuN-positive neurons and pPKR with Iba1, CD68 and CD64, suggesting that microglia are involved in the neuronal loss.
27	26463212	Aging affects the responsiveness of rat peritoneal macrophages to GM-CSF and IL-4.
28	26463212	Therefore, resident and thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages from young (3-month-old) and aged (18-19-month-old) rats were tested for phagocytic capacity and ability to secrete inflammatory mediators following in vitro stimulation with LPS and GM-CSF, and IL-4, prototypic stimulators for classically (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, respectively.
29	26463212	Aging increased the frequency of monocyte-derived (CCR7+ CD68+) and the most mature (CD163+ CD68+) macrophages within resident and thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages, respectively.
30	26463212	The ability to phagocyte zymosan of none of these two cell subsets was affected by either LPS and GM-CSF or IL-4.
31	26463212	The upregulated production of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 and downregulated that of TGF-β was observed in response to LPS in resident and thioglycollate-elicited macrophages from rats of both ages.
32	26463212	GM-CSF elevated production of IL-1β and IL-6 in resident macrophages from aged rats and in thioglycollate-elicited macrophages from young rats.
33	26463212	Unexpectedly, IL-4 augmented production of proinflammatory mediators, IL-1β and IL-6, in resident macrophages from aged rats.
34	26463212	In conclusion, our study showed that aging diminished GM-CSF-triggered polarization of elicited macrophages and caused paradoxical IL-4-driven polarization of resident macrophages toward proinflammatory M1 phenotype.