Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CR2

Gene name: complement component (3d/Epstein Barr virus) receptor 2

HGNC ID: 2336

Synonyms: CD21

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	BCL2	1 hits
2	BCR	1 hits
3	BTLA	1 hits
4	CCR6	1 hits
5	CD19	1 hits
6	CD1D	1 hits
7	CD2	1 hits
8	CD22	1 hits
9	CD27	1 hits
10	CD38	1 hits
11	CD4	1 hits
12	CD40	1 hits
13	CD46	1 hits
14	CD5	1 hits
15	CD55	1 hits
16	CD79A	1 hits
17	CD80	1 hits
18	CD81	1 hits
19	CD8A	1 hits
20	CFH	1 hits
21	CR1	1 hits
22	DNALI1	1 hits
23	FCER2	1 hits
24	FCGR2A	1 hits
25	FCGR3A	1 hits
26	GZMB	1 hits
27	HLA-A	1 hits
28	ICAM1	1 hits
29	IGKV1-27	1 hits
30	IL10	1 hits
31	IL2RA	1 hits
32	INPP5D	1 hits
33	INTU	1 hits
34	ISG20	1 hits
35	ITGA4	1 hits
36	ITGAM	1 hits
37	ITGAX	1 hits
38	ITGB2	1 hits
39	KDR	1 hits
40	MS4A1	1 hits
41	PRKAR2B	1 hits
42	PTPN6	1 hits
43	PTPRC	1 hits
44	RBMS1	1 hits
45	SDC1	1 hits
46	TAPBP	1 hits
47	TDGF3	1 hits
48	VCP	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	9038723	During the subsequent 10 min, this buffering capacity of E was essentially abolished E restricted the initial IC-binding to B cells by 73 +/- 19%, but from 3 min of incubation the presence of E promoted, in a CR1-dependent manner, a progressive uptake via CR2 by the B cells.
2	9597145	Recent findings in B lymphocytes have clearly illustrated that these external inputs affect the magnitude and duration of the intracellular calcium response, which in turn contributes to differential triggering of the transcriptional regulators NF kappa B, JNK, NFAT, and ERK.
3	9597145	The regulation of calcium responses involves a network of tyrosine kinases (e.g. lyn, syk), tyrosine or lipid phosphatases (CD45, SHP-1, SHIP), and accessory molecules (CD21/CD19, CD22, FcR gamma 2b).
4	10408376	Targeting of influenza epitopes to murine CR1/CR2 using single-chain antibodies.
5	10408376	We have produced an scFv that recognizes murine complement receptors 1 and 2 (CR1/CR2) and genetically fused it with different numbers of influenza hemagglutinin peptides which contain both B and T cell epitopes.
6	10408376	The CR1/CR2 specific hybridoma 7G6 was used for RT-PCR to obtain the variable regions, which were then combined to create an scFv fragment.
7	10408376	The CR1/CR2 positive B lymphomas A20 and 2PK3 presented the peptide to an I-Ed restricted IP specific T cell hybridoma more efficiently when incubated with the IP(1)7G6 constructs as compared to the free peptide.
8	10408376	Targeting of influenza epitopes to murine CR1/CR2 using single-chain antibodies.
9	10408376	We have produced an scFv that recognizes murine complement receptors 1 and 2 (CR1/CR2) and genetically fused it with different numbers of influenza hemagglutinin peptides which contain both B and T cell epitopes.
10	10408376	The CR1/CR2 specific hybridoma 7G6 was used for RT-PCR to obtain the variable regions, which were then combined to create an scFv fragment.
11	10408376	The CR1/CR2 positive B lymphomas A20 and 2PK3 presented the peptide to an I-Ed restricted IP specific T cell hybridoma more efficiently when incubated with the IP(1)7G6 constructs as compared to the free peptide.
12	10408376	Targeting of influenza epitopes to murine CR1/CR2 using single-chain antibodies.
13	10408376	We have produced an scFv that recognizes murine complement receptors 1 and 2 (CR1/CR2) and genetically fused it with different numbers of influenza hemagglutinin peptides which contain both B and T cell epitopes.
14	10408376	The CR1/CR2 specific hybridoma 7G6 was used for RT-PCR to obtain the variable regions, which were then combined to create an scFv fragment.
15	10408376	The CR1/CR2 positive B lymphomas A20 and 2PK3 presented the peptide to an I-Ed restricted IP specific T cell hybridoma more efficiently when incubated with the IP(1)7G6 constructs as compared to the free peptide.
16	10408376	Targeting of influenza epitopes to murine CR1/CR2 using single-chain antibodies.
17	10408376	We have produced an scFv that recognizes murine complement receptors 1 and 2 (CR1/CR2) and genetically fused it with different numbers of influenza hemagglutinin peptides which contain both B and T cell epitopes.
18	10408376	The CR1/CR2 specific hybridoma 7G6 was used for RT-PCR to obtain the variable regions, which were then combined to create an scFv fragment.
19	10408376	The CR1/CR2 positive B lymphomas A20 and 2PK3 presented the peptide to an I-Ed restricted IP specific T cell hybridoma more efficiently when incubated with the IP(1)7G6 constructs as compared to the free peptide.
20	10713345	Dietary lutein also increased the percentages of CD4+ and CD21+ lymphocytes on Week 12 but had no significant effect on pan T, CD8 and MHC class II markers.
21	10917901	Compared with unsupplemented dogs, those fed 20 or 50 mg of beta-carotene had higher CD4+ cell numbers and CD4:CD8 ratio.
22	10917901	However, there was no treatment difference in CD8+, CD21+ and major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II+ cells.
23	11312659	Regression of canine oral papillomas is associated with infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes.
24	11312659	Immunohistochemical analysis of the timing and phenotype of immune cell infiltration revealed a marked influx of leukocytes during wart regression, including abundant CD4+ and CD8+ cells, with CD4+ cells being most numerous.
25	11312659	Comparison of these findings, and those of immunohistochemistry using TCRalphabeta-, TCRgammadelta-, CD1a-, CD1c-, CD11a-, CD11b-, CD11c-, CD18-, CD21-, and CD49d-specific monoclonal antibodies, with previously published work in the human, ox, and rabbit models revealed important differences between these systems.
26	12517942	Complement component 3 is required for optimal expansion of CD8 T cells during a systemic viral infection.
27	12517942	Studies in complement receptor 1/2 (CR1/CR2)-deficient mice showed that regulation of LCMV-specific CD8 T cell responses by C3 is not dependent upon CR1/CR2.
28	12719481	Within hours, a sequence of events was initiated in SpA-binding splenic B cells, with rapid down-regulation of BCRs and coreceptors, CD19 and CD21, the induction of an activation phenotype, and limited rounds of proliferation.
29	12719481	Although in vivo apoptosis did not require the Fas death receptor, B cells were protected by interleukin (IL)-4 or CD40L, or overexpression of Bcl-2.
30	12808648	There was no immunostaining with cetacean-specific CD2 or CD21.
31	14636043	Splenic marginal zone B cells, associated with CD21, CD19 and C3d, play an important role in TI-2 antibody responses, and provide host defense against bacterial pathogens.
32	15149782	Normal proportions of CD4 and CD21 lymphocytes were detected in PBMC by FACS analysis, in dogs submitted to immunotherapy, suggesting their non-infectious condition.
33	16023794	The human complement RCA proteins analyzed were factor H (FH), C4 binding protein alpha chain, membrane cofactor protein (MCP), decay accelerating factor (DAF), and complement receptors type 1 (CR1) and 2 (CR2).
34	16023794	Sequences of key poxvirus regulators of complement activation, vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP), smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes (SPICE), and cowpox inflammation modulatory protein (IMP) were similar to SCRs 1 through 5 of C4 binding protein, alpha chain, and they were also clustered with other homologous repeats of MCP, DAF, CR1, CR2, and FH.
35	16023794	The human complement RCA proteins analyzed were factor H (FH), C4 binding protein alpha chain, membrane cofactor protein (MCP), decay accelerating factor (DAF), and complement receptors type 1 (CR1) and 2 (CR2).
36	16023794	Sequences of key poxvirus regulators of complement activation, vaccinia virus complement control protein (VCP), smallpox inhibitor of complement enzymes (SPICE), and cowpox inflammation modulatory protein (IMP) were similar to SCRs 1 through 5 of C4 binding protein, alpha chain, and they were also clustered with other homologous repeats of MCP, DAF, CR1, CR2, and FH.
37	16041023	Recombinant Ags 85A, 85B, and 85C induced significant lymphocyte proliferation as well as the production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), but not IL-4, from low and medium shedders.
38	16041023	The 35-kDa protein also induced significant lymphocyte proliferation as well as the production of IFN-gamma and IL-4 from low and medium shedders.
39	16041023	CD4(+) T cells and CD25(+) (IL-2R) T cells were stimulated the most by 85A and 85B, while the 35-kDa protein primarily stimulated CD21(+) B cells involved in humoral immune responses.
40	16239528	However, the ability of C3d-protein conjugates to enhance the antibody response in mice deficient in complement receptor types 1 and 2 (CR1 and CR2) has raised questions about the role of C3d-CR2 interactions in the adjuvant effect of C3d.
41	16279534	A considerable increase in the absolute and relative amount of lymphocytes with markers CD3, CD4, CD16, CD21, CD25, a rise in the levels of IgA, IgG and a decrease in the level of total IgE in the blood serum were established.
42	16289708	Such a hybrid DNA molecule was constructed by us, encoding a T and B cell epitope-containing influenza hemagglutinin peptide and a scFv antibody fragment binding to mouse complement receptors I and II (CR1 and CR2).
43	16809316	Optimal long-term humoral responses to replication-defective herpes simplex virus require CD21/CD35 complement receptor expression on stromal cells.
44	16809316	Following immunization, radiation bone marrow-chimeric mice lacking complement receptors CD21 and CD35 on stromal cells elicited only short-lived serum IgG and failed to mount recall responses to subsequent HSV exposure.
45	16809316	Optimal long-term humoral responses to replication-defective herpes simplex virus require CD21/CD35 complement receptor expression on stromal cells.
46	16809316	Following immunization, radiation bone marrow-chimeric mice lacking complement receptors CD21 and CD35 on stromal cells elicited only short-lived serum IgG and failed to mount recall responses to subsequent HSV exposure.
47	17337780	On B cells, C3d interaction with CR2 will collect molecules such as CD19, TAPA (CD81), and Lew 13.
48	17522213	Manipulation of sequence order, orientation, and composition of the CR2 and CR3 subdomains suggests that specific peptide sequences rather than RNA structures are responsible for synthesis retardation.
49	17954761	Lymph node cell populations stimulated with ovalbumin had decreased CD5, CD21, and CD40 expression and increased B-B2, CD25, and CD80 expression on IgM+ cells.
50	17954761	Stimulation of the same population with purified-protein derivative increased CD25 and CD80 expression on IgM+ cells.
51	18516300	The results show that during early onset of a T. brucei infection, spleen remodeling results in the rapid loss of the IgM(+) marginal zone (IgM(+)MZ) B cell population characterized as B220(+)IgM(High)IgD(Int) CD21(High)CD23(Low)CD1d(+)CD138(-).
52	18516300	Elevated caspase-3 mRNA levels coincided with decreased mRNA levels of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein and BAFF receptor (BAFF-R), indicating the onset of apoptosis.
53	18653449	Amino acid substitutions were introduced into conserved region 1 (CR1) and CR2 of pp150, affecting a region that may interact with nucleocapsids.
54	19262501	A novel regulatory B-cell population in sheep Peyer's patches spontaneously secretes IL-10 and downregulates TLR9-induced IFNalpha responses.
55	19262501	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and lymph node cells secreted significant amounts of interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFNgamma, and interleukin (IL)-12 following stimulation with CpG ODN.
56	19262501	PP cells spontaneously secreted high levels of IL-10, and the primary source of the IL-10 was resting CD5(-)CD11c(-)CD21(+) B cells.
57	19388171	Previous studies have indicated a role for C3, the complement receptors CD35/CD21 (CR1/CR2), and IgM in the immune response to influenza virus.
58	19388171	To elucidate this role, we characterized the secondary response on mice deficient of CR1/CR2 (Cr2-/-), C3 (C3-/-), secreted IgM (micros-/-) and the double knockout C3-/-micros-/-.
59	19388171	Overall, our results suggest that C3, IgM and CR1/CR2 play crucial roles in the maintenance of long-term memory to influenza virus, possibly through the development of memory B cells and long-term antibody secretion.
60	19388171	Previous studies have indicated a role for C3, the complement receptors CD35/CD21 (CR1/CR2), and IgM in the immune response to influenza virus.
61	19388171	To elucidate this role, we characterized the secondary response on mice deficient of CR1/CR2 (Cr2-/-), C3 (C3-/-), secreted IgM (micros-/-) and the double knockout C3-/-micros-/-.
62	19388171	Overall, our results suggest that C3, IgM and CR1/CR2 play crucial roles in the maintenance of long-term memory to influenza virus, possibly through the development of memory B cells and long-term antibody secretion.
63	19388171	Previous studies have indicated a role for C3, the complement receptors CD35/CD21 (CR1/CR2), and IgM in the immune response to influenza virus.
64	19388171	To elucidate this role, we characterized the secondary response on mice deficient of CR1/CR2 (Cr2-/-), C3 (C3-/-), secreted IgM (micros-/-) and the double knockout C3-/-micros-/-.
65	19388171	Overall, our results suggest that C3, IgM and CR1/CR2 play crucial roles in the maintenance of long-term memory to influenza virus, possibly through the development of memory B cells and long-term antibody secretion.
66	19388172	Here we review work from our group and others that highlights the central role that complement proteins C3 and C4 and complement receptors Cr1/Cr2 play during viral infection.
67	19543726	Further binding experiment using CR2 (C3d receptor) positive Raji cells that were incubated with transfected COS-7 supernatant indicated that C3d was successfully fused to Flk-1.
68	19554032	In contrast, the role of the murine homologs of CR1 and CR2 (mCR1/2) have been primarily defined as modulating activation of the adaptive immune system, with very little evidence available about the role of mCR1/2 in regulating the innate immune responses to pathogens.
69	20036278	Variation in expression of membrane IgM, CD21 (CR2) and CD32 (Fcgamma RIIB) on bovine lymphocytes with age: a longitudinal study.
70	20036278	Although the absolute number of mIgM(+) B lymphocytes was low in calves under 6 weeks, the intensity of mIgM expression per cell was significantly higher than for adults and >90% expressed both CD21 and CD32.
71	20036278	Variation in expression of membrane IgM, CD21 (CR2) and CD32 (Fcgamma RIIB) on bovine lymphocytes with age: a longitudinal study.
72	20036278	Although the absolute number of mIgM(+) B lymphocytes was low in calves under 6 weeks, the intensity of mIgM expression per cell was significantly higher than for adults and >90% expressed both CD21 and CD32.
73	20064559	Two copies of these mutant molecules were fused to HIV-1 Env(gp120) and the proteins were tested for their avidity to bind CR2 (sCR2).
74	21880985	Noteworthy, the adjuvant effect on priming of specific CD4 T cells was found to be intact in Cr2(-/-) mice, demonstrating that the CTA1-DD host both complement-dependent and -independent adjuvant properties.
75	23416052	On normal resting B cells, CD21 forms two membrane complexes: one with CD19 and another with CD35.
76	23416052	Whereas the CD21/CD19 complex is widely retained on immortalized and B cell tumor lines, the related complement-regulatory protein CD35 is lost.
77	23416052	To determine the role(s) of CD35 in initial infection, we transduced a CD21-negative pre-B cell and myeloid leukemia line with CD35, CD21, or both.
78	23416052	Temporal, biophysical, and structural characteristics of CD35-mediated infection were distinct from CD21.
79	23416052	On normal resting B cells, CD21 forms two membrane complexes: one with CD19 and another with CD35.
80	23416052	Whereas the CD21/CD19 complex is widely retained on immortalized and B cell tumor lines, the related complement-regulatory protein CD35 is lost.
81	23416052	To determine the role(s) of CD35 in initial infection, we transduced a CD21-negative pre-B cell and myeloid leukemia line with CD35, CD21, or both.
82	23416052	Temporal, biophysical, and structural characteristics of CD35-mediated infection were distinct from CD21.
83	23416052	On normal resting B cells, CD21 forms two membrane complexes: one with CD19 and another with CD35.
84	23416052	Whereas the CD21/CD19 complex is widely retained on immortalized and B cell tumor lines, the related complement-regulatory protein CD35 is lost.
85	23416052	To determine the role(s) of CD35 in initial infection, we transduced a CD21-negative pre-B cell and myeloid leukemia line with CD35, CD21, or both.
86	23416052	Temporal, biophysical, and structural characteristics of CD35-mediated infection were distinct from CD21.
87	23416052	On normal resting B cells, CD21 forms two membrane complexes: one with CD19 and another with CD35.
88	23416052	Whereas the CD21/CD19 complex is widely retained on immortalized and B cell tumor lines, the related complement-regulatory protein CD35 is lost.
89	23416052	To determine the role(s) of CD35 in initial infection, we transduced a CD21-negative pre-B cell and myeloid leukemia line with CD35, CD21, or both.
90	23416052	Temporal, biophysical, and structural characteristics of CD35-mediated infection were distinct from CD21.
91	23880886	DENV-2 subunit proteins fused to CR2 receptor-binding domain (P28)-induces specific and neutralizing antibodies to the Dengue virus in mice.
92	23880886	Thus, this study aimed to generate DENV-2 recombinant fusion proteins (i.e., rEIIEIII and rEIIEIII/NS1*) either alone or fused to 3 copies of P28, the minimum CR2-binding domain of the complement protein C3d.
93	23880886	DENV-2 subunit proteins fused to CR2 receptor-binding domain (P28)-induces specific and neutralizing antibodies to the Dengue virus in mice.
94	23880886	Thus, this study aimed to generate DENV-2 recombinant fusion proteins (i.e., rEIIEIII and rEIIEIII/NS1*) either alone or fused to 3 copies of P28, the minimum CR2-binding domain of the complement protein C3d.
95	24814239	Unlike humans, macaque mucosal memory B-cells lacked CD27 expression; only two sub-populations were present: naïve (CD21(+)CD27(-)) and tissue-like (CD21(-)CD27(-)) memory.
96	24814239	The homing markers CXCR4, CCR6, CCR9 and α4β7 were differentially expressed between naïve and tissue-like memory B-cells.
97	24814239	Mucosal plasmablasts were identified as CD19(+)CD20(+/-)HLA-DR(+)Ki-67(+)IRF4(+)CD138(+/-) and mucosal plasma cells as CD19(+)CD20(-)HLA-DR(-)Ki-67(-)IRF4(+)CD138(+).
98	24814239	Both populations were CD39(+/-)CD27(-).
99	25385064	Collectively, these studies support the hypothesis that the paradoxical enhancement of immune responses by C3d in the absence of CD21 is due to internalization and processing of C3d into peptides that activate autoreactive CD4(+) T-helper cells in the context of HLA class II.
100	25874544	To identify the factors that determine vaccine immunogenicity in this group, we characterized the relationship of B- and T-cell responses to pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) vaccine with HIV-associated immunologic and virologic characteristics. pH1N1 and seasonal-H1N1 (sH1N1) antibodies were measured in 119 HIV-infected pregnant women after two double-strength pH1N1 vaccine doses. pH1N1-IgG and IgA B-cell FluoroSpot, pH1N1- and sH1N1-interferon γ (IFNγ) and granzyme B (GrB) T-cell FluoroSpot, and flow cytometric characterization of B- and T-cell subsets were performed in 57 subjects. pH1N1-antibodies increased after vaccination, but less than previously described in healthy adults. pH1N1-IgG memory B cells (Bmem) increased, IFNγ-effector T-cells (Teff) decreased, and IgA Bmem and GrB Teff did not change. pH1N1-antibodies and Teff were significantly correlated with each other and with sH1N1-HAI and Teff, respectively, before and after vaccination. pH1N1-antibody responses to the vaccine significantly increased with high proportions of CD4+, low CD8+ and low CD8+HLADR+CD38+ activated (Tact) cells. pH1N1-IgG Bmem responses increased with high proportions of CD19+CD27+CD21- activated B cells (Bact), high CD8+CD39+ regulatory T cells (Treg), and low CD19+CD27-CD21- exhausted B cells (Bexhaust).
101	25874544	IFNγ-Teff responses increased with low HIV plasma RNA, CD8+HLADR+CD38+ Tact, CD4+FoxP3+ Treg and CD19+IL10+ Breg.
102	25885535	Interaction between gp350/220 and complement receptor type 2 (CR2)/CD21 and/or (CR1)/CD35 on B-cells is required for infection.
103	25885535	The particles resemble native EBV in diameter and shape and bind CD21 and CD35.
104	25885535	Interaction between gp350/220 and complement receptor type 2 (CR2)/CD21 and/or (CR1)/CD35 on B-cells is required for infection.
105	25885535	The particles resemble native EBV in diameter and shape and bind CD21 and CD35.
106	26151223	Here we characterized rhesus macaque MZ B cells, present in secondary lymphoid tissue but not peripheral blood, as CD19(+), CD20(+), CD21(hi), IgM(+), CD22(+), CD38(+), BTLA(+), CD40(+), CCR6(+) and BCL-2(+).
107	26174952	Here, we show porin differentially regulated splenic marginal zone (MZ) and follicular zone (FO) B cell responses in contrast to other classical TLR2-ligands FSL-1 and Pam3CSK4.
108	26174952	The protein up-regulated TLR2 and TLR6 and stimulated the activation and costimulatory molecules on FO B cells skewing the cells toward TLR-dependent type-1 cytokine response.
109	26174952	These cells responded to porin by expressing toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), the TLR2 and -4 signaling inhibitor along with stimulation of the intracellular pathogen recognition receptor NLR caspase recruitment domain containing protein 5 (NLRC5).
110	26174952	The CD1d(hi) MZ B cells released IL-10 unequivocally demonstrating regulatory B cell feature.
111	26174952	Immunization with porin also resulted in transient IL-10 expression by the CD19(+)CD21(hi) B cells prior to plasma cell formation.
112	26311245	Most leukemic cells lacked the surface B cell markers CD19 and CD21.
113	26311245	IGHG1 or IGHG4/7 gene expression was consistent with surface protein expression, and secreted isotype and Ig spectratyping revealed one dominant monoclonal peak.
114	26311245	The mRNA expression of the B cell-associated developmental genes EBF1, PAX5, and CD19 was high compared to that of the plasma cell-associated marker CD38.