- About
- Home
- Introduction
- Statistics
- Programs
- Dignet
- Gene
- GenePair
- BioSummarAI
- Help & Docs
- Documents
- Help
- FAQs
- Links
- Acknowledge
- Disclaimer
- Contact Us
Gene Information
Gene symbol: CSF1
Gene name: colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage)
HGNC ID: 2432
Synonyms: M-CSF, MCSF, MGC31930
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 1437506 | The last group, which encompasses the colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF, G-CSF, and M-CSF), the interleukins, the interferons, and the tumour necrosis factors, is described in detail. |
| 2 | 1967279 | Host-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones isolated from a human chimera produce IL-5, IL-2, IFN-gamma and granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor but not IL-4. |
| 3 | 1967279 | In the present study, we investigated the lymphokine production patterns in a series of CD4+ and CD8+ host-reactive T cell clones isolated from PBL of a SCID patient, who was immunologically reconstituted by two allogeneic fetal liver and thymus transplantations 13 years ago. |
| 4 | 1967279 | In contrast, CD4+ tetanus toxin-specific T cell clones isolated from the same patient and having the same HLA phenotype produced normal amounts of IL-4 upon activation. |
| 5 | 1967279 | Furthermore, different modes of activation resulted in simultaneous production of IL-5, IL-2, IFN-gamma, granulocyte/macrophage-CSF, and transcription of the TNF-beta gene by the host-reactive clones, indicating that the lack of IL-4 production is not related to the mode of activation. |
| 6 | 1967279 | The finding that some of these clones produce significant levels of IL-5 but no IL-4 indicates that the IL-4 and IL-5 genes are not always coexpressed in activated human T cells. |
| 7 | 2427449 | Only one clone was CD8+ CD4-, and the rest were CD4+ CD8-. |
| 8 | 2427449 | BCG- and M. tuberculosis H37Rv-specific as well as cross-reactive T-cell clones could be induced to produce interleukin 2, gamma interferon, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor activity. |
| 9 | 2445517 | Immunomodulators--including interferons, interleukin-2, immune reconstitution with bone-marrow transplantation and lymphocyte transfusions, transfer factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, inosine pranobex (isoprinosine), and naltrexone--are being tested with no great successes. |
| 10 | 2476892 | The efficacy of recombinant cytokines such as murine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), mouse granulocytic-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been examined for augmentation of host resistance against Sendai virus and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. |
| 11 | 2478847 | Several such cell lines were found to produce interleukin 6 and, after stimulation, to secrete interleukin 1, tumour necrosis factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 12 | 2478847 | High levels of interleukin 6 were detected in several vaccines and rDNA-derived proteins, and certain vaccines contained interleukin 1, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 13 | 2478847 | Several such cell lines were found to produce interleukin 6 and, after stimulation, to secrete interleukin 1, tumour necrosis factor, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 14 | 2478847 | High levels of interleukin 6 were detected in several vaccines and rDNA-derived proteins, and certain vaccines contained interleukin 1, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 15 | 2526739 | Levels of cytokine mRNA coding for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin (IL) 2, IL 1 beta, IL 4 or IL 6 have been measured by Northern blot analysis after antigen stimulation. |
| 16 | 2526739 | With some variations among donors, antigens clearly induced measurable levels of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and IL 2 mRNA. |
| 17 | 2679063 | Recombinant communicator proteins include interferons alfa-2a and alfa-2b and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (immune system modulators); epidermal growth factor and erythropoietin (tissue repair promoters); and human insulin, growth hormone, and atrial peptide (metabolism modulators). |
| 18 | 2679063 | Recombinant structural proteins include hepatitis B virus vaccine and CD4 protein, and recombinant modifier proteins include tissue plasminogen activator and superoxide dismutase (agents that split or splice organic molecules). |
| 19 | 7489749 | We, therefore, generated DC from peripheral blood of normal donors in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 20 | 7489749 | Flow cytometric analysis of the cells during a 2-week culture revealed a loss of CD14 and CD34 expression, a concomittent increase of CD1a, CD11a,b and c, CD44, CD45, CD54, HLA-class I and II, and intermediate levels of CD26, CD80 and CD86. |
| 21 | 7525715 | Relative efficacy of IL-2, IL-4, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 22 | 7525715 | Here, we demonstrate that fusion proteins with IL-2 or IL-4 can also be highly immunogenic. |
| 23 | 7525715 | Furthermore, the Id-IL-2 fusion protein induced high titers of IgG2a and IgG3 anti-Id Abs, whereas the Id-IL-4 and Id-GM-CSF fusion proteins did not. |
| 24 | 7532543 | CD34+ HPC can be mobilized into the peripheral blood by in vivo administration of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor. |
| 25 | 7532543 | The aim of the current study was to determine whether functional dendritic cells could be elicited and grown in vitro from CD34+ HPC derived from bone marrow or granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood. |
| 26 | 7532543 | Culture of CD34+ HPC with granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor alpha yielded a heterogeneous cell population containing cells with typical dendritic morphology. |
| 27 | 7532543 | Phenotypic studies demonstrated a loss of the CD34 molecule over 1 week and an increase in cells expressing surface markers associated with dendritic cells, CD1a, CD80 (B7/BB1), CD4, CD14, HLA-DR, and CD64 (Fc gamma RI). |
| 28 | 7532543 | Function was validated in experiments showing that cultured cells could stimulate proliferation of allogeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 29 | 7532543 | The derivation and expansion of dendritic cells from cultured bone marrow or granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor-mobilized CD34+ HPC may provide adequate numbers for testing of dendritic cells in clinical studies, such as vaccine and T cell therapy trials. |
| 30 | 7559742 | Irradiated tumor cells genetically modified to secrete granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF tumor vaccine) are potent stimulators of systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 31 | 7634220 | A multidisciplinary team of researchers at the University of Ottawa has expressed a human blood protein, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, in tobacco seeds as part of a series of experiments whose ultimate goal is to express human blood proteins in cereal crops. |
| 32 | 7656273 | In our previous report, we carried out a comparative study on the ability of cytokine-gene-modified tumor vaccines to induce host immune responses, and found that irradiated tumor cells, genetically modified to secrete granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF tumor vaccine), were the most potent stimulators of systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 33 | 7664800 | Systemic immunization induces protective CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in murine Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis. |
| 34 | 7664800 | The immune mechanisms underlying immunization-induced protection of mice from lethal central nervous system (CNS) listeriosis were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry of leukocytes isolated from the brain, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of intracerebral (i.c.) tumor-necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-1 beta, IL-10, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression, and T cell depletion experiments. |
| 35 | 7664800 | The data demonstrate that active immunization of mice prior to an i.c. infection with Listeria monocytogenes prevents the development of a fatal necrotizing encephalitis and accelerates the recruitment of an increased number of alpha beta T cell receptor (TcR)+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma delta TcR+ T cells, B cells, granulocytes and macrophages to the brain compared to non-immunized animals. |
| 36 | 7664800 | The protective effects of immunization were completely abolished by depletion of CD4+, CD8+, or both T cell subsets. |
| 37 | 7664800 | The severity of disease was only slightly different between CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ T cell depleted mice, indicating that both subsets of T cells are required for an effective i.c. immune response to L. monocytogenes. |
| 38 | 7696962 | Future uses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 39 | 7696962 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been used extensively to restore hematopoietic system function after damage by diseases such as myelodysplastic syndrome or by cytotoxic anti-cancer agents used during cancer chemotherapy or prior to bone marrow transplantation. |
| 40 | 7696962 | Future uses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 41 | 7696962 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been used extensively to restore hematopoietic system function after damage by diseases such as myelodysplastic syndrome or by cytotoxic anti-cancer agents used during cancer chemotherapy or prior to bone marrow transplantation. |
| 42 | 7750125 | Presentation of synthetic peptide antigen encoded by the MAGE-1 gene by granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-cultured macrophages from HLA-A1 melanoma patients. |
| 43 | 7750125 | Here we show that a population of cells, derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage from peripheral blood and grown in granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, exhibit many essential characteristics of "professional" APC (dendritic-type morphology with a proportion of the population, the B7 molecule, and high levels of MHC class I and class II molecules, CD11b and CD54 molecules) and are capable of efficiently presenting the nonapeptide, EADPTGHSY, encoded by the melanoma antigen MAGE-1 gene, to the MAGE-1-specific CTL clone, 82/30. |
| 44 | 7750125 | Presentation of synthetic peptide antigen encoded by the MAGE-1 gene by granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-cultured macrophages from HLA-A1 melanoma patients. |
| 45 | 7750125 | Here we show that a population of cells, derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage from peripheral blood and grown in granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, exhibit many essential characteristics of "professional" APC (dendritic-type morphology with a proportion of the population, the B7 molecule, and high levels of MHC class I and class II molecules, CD11b and CD54 molecules) and are capable of efficiently presenting the nonapeptide, EADPTGHSY, encoded by the melanoma antigen MAGE-1 gene, to the MAGE-1-specific CTL clone, 82/30. |
| 46 | 7753870 | In comparison, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as immunomodulator induces substantial immunization even at a moderate level of secretion and protects all animals at the maximal obtainable level of secretion. |
| 47 | 7875153 | Potential role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as vaccine adjuvant. |
| 48 | 7875153 | Monkeys injected with human interleukin (IL)-3 plus GM-CSF, at a different injection site, developed peak antibody titres which were 8- to 30-fold higher than those in monkeys injected with IL-3 alone. |
| 49 | 7875154 | Prediction of the role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in animals and man from in vitro results. |
| 50 | 7875154 | Interleukin-3 (IL-3) increases the cellularity of the bone marrow and GM-CSF can induce mobilization of bone marrow cells into the peripheral blood. |
| 51 | 7875154 | Monkeys injected with recombinant human IL-3 and GM-CSF had increased antibody titres to human IL-3 compared with monkeys given IL-3 alone, suggesting a potential use of GM-CSF which was not predicted from its in vitro results, that of vaccine adjuvancy. |
| 52 | 7908321 | Mice were capable of rejecting a MHC class I- tumor challenge after immunization with an irradiated granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) transduced MHC class I- tumor vaccine. |
| 53 | 7908321 | This response was critically dependent on CD4+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, but minimally on CD8+ T cells. |
| 54 | 7908321 | A strong protective response against MHC class I+ variants of the tumor could be elicited when mice were immunized with irradiated MHC class I+ GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells. |
| 55 | 7908321 | This response required CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and in addition, elimination of NK cells resulted in outgrowth of tumors that had lost expression of at least one MHC class I gene. |
| 56 | 7954527 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) were detected at markedly high levels at 24 h, and interferon gamma (IFN gamma) was detected at 120 h. |
| 57 | 7954527 | IL-2 and macrophage-colony-stimulating factor were not detected. |
| 58 | 8012975 | In this study we have compared the effectiveness of several cytokines and found that while IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and gamma-interferon were only weakly effective in the therapeutic vaccination protocol, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was almost as effective as but not superior to IL-2, as reported previously for another tumor model system. |
| 59 | 8097319 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 60 | 8097319 | Using a B16 melanoma model, in which irradiated tumor cells alone do not stimulate significant anti-tumor immunity, we found that irradiated tumor cells expressing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulated potent, long-lasting, and specific anti-tumor immunity, requiring both CD4+ and CD8+ cells. |
| 61 | 8097319 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 62 | 8097319 | Using a B16 melanoma model, in which irradiated tumor cells alone do not stimulate significant anti-tumor immunity, we found that irradiated tumor cells expressing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulated potent, long-lasting, and specific anti-tumor immunity, requiring both CD4+ and CD8+ cells. |
| 63 | 8126987 | As for the cytokines, interleukin-2, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor have very strong antimycobacterial activity. |
| 64 | 8137291 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor secreting tumor cell preparations were less effective, and interferon-gamma secreting cells had only a marginal effect. |
| 65 | 8261390 | High doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor encapsulated in cell-sized gelatin-chondroitin sulfate microspheres were mixed with irradiated tumor cells prior to s.c. injection. |
| 66 | 8261390 | This vaccination scheme resulted in systemic anti-tumor immune responses comparable to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 67 | 8261390 | High doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor encapsulated in cell-sized gelatin-chondroitin sulfate microspheres were mixed with irradiated tumor cells prior to s.c. injection. |
| 68 | 8261390 | This vaccination scheme resulted in systemic anti-tumor immune responses comparable to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 69 | 8288319 | IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) remained undetectable in both instances. |
| 70 | 8288319 | Spleen cells taken at intervals after infection and cultured with brucella antigens produced high titres of IL-6, IL-1 and TNF-alpha. |
| 71 | 8288319 | Of the characteristically T-cell-derived lymphokines, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production rose 2 weeks after infection, peaking at 6 weeks, while IL-2 was not detected until 6 weeks post-infection. |
| 72 | 8288319 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was produced in substantial amounts, but IL-3 production was minimal. |
| 73 | 8288319 | In contrast, spleen cells from mice immunized with SBP produced IL-2 but failed to produce IFN-gamma. |
| 74 | 8308972 | Rats with anaplastic, hormone refractory prostate cancer treated with irradiated prostate cancer cells genetically engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) showed longer disease-free survival compared to either untreated control rats or rats receiving prostate cancer cell vaccine mixed with soluble human GM-CSF. |
| 75 | 8406843 | No evidence was found for involvement of cytokines such as macrophage-activating factor and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the differences. |
| 76 | 8469286 | Idiotype/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein as a vaccine for B-cell lymphoma. |
| 77 | 8469286 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) augments antigen presentation in a variety of cells. |
| 78 | 8469286 | Idiotype/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein as a vaccine for B-cell lymphoma. |
| 79 | 8469286 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) augments antigen presentation in a variety of cells. |
| 80 | 8485707 | Using the retroviral vector MFG in conjunction with short-term culture techniques, we have achieved, in the absence of selection, a mean transduction efficiency of 60% in primary renal, ovarian, and pancreatic tumor explants, and we have developed an autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting tumor vaccine for clinical trials. |
| 81 | 8551239 | Priming with either granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced DC line or fresh bm-DC but not with untransduced DC line generated CTL able to lyse beta-gal-transfected target cells. |
| 82 | 8570663 | The most profound effects were induced by BCG secreting interleukin 2, interferon gamma, or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 83 | 8607020 | Studies employing rodent tumor models with little or no intrinsic immunogenicity have shown that genetically modified tumor cell preparations consisting of irradiated tumor cells transduced with and expressing cytokines, such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or co-stimulatory molecules, such as B7-I, were capable of inducing the regression of preexisting tumors and cure animals from their disease. |
| 84 | 8620500 | Intensified antitumor immunity by a cancer vaccine that produces granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4. |
| 85 | 8620500 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF tumor vaccine) induces a potent systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 86 | 8620500 | The cytokine combination of GM-CSF and interleukin 4 induced more potent antitumor immunity than GM-CSF alone. |
| 87 | 8620500 | An in vivo depletion test showed that CD4+, CD8+, and asialoGM1+ cells were required for the optimum function of the GM-CSF plus interleukin 4 tumor vaccine. |
| 88 | 8620500 | Intensified antitumor immunity by a cancer vaccine that produces granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4. |
| 89 | 8620500 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF tumor vaccine) induces a potent systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 90 | 8620500 | The cytokine combination of GM-CSF and interleukin 4 induced more potent antitumor immunity than GM-CSF alone. |
| 91 | 8620500 | An in vivo depletion test showed that CD4+, CD8+, and asialoGM1+ cells were required for the optimum function of the GM-CSF plus interleukin 4 tumor vaccine. |
| 92 | 8621924 | Immunization with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced, but not B7-1-transduced, lymphoma cells primes idiotype-specific T cells and generates potent systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 93 | 8621924 | Eradication of pre-established systemic lymphoma was achieved following immunization with lymphoma cells engineered to produce granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF, and to a lesser extent cells producing IL-4, whereas vaccination with lymphoma cells transfected with the genes encoding IL-2 or B7-1 had no effect. |
| 94 | 8621924 | The systemic immunity generated by GM-CSF- or IL-4-transfected lymphoma required both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 95 | 8665571 | We evaluated the in vivo response to the poorly immunogenic B16-BL6 (BL6) murine melanoma genetically altered to secrete interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, interferon gamma (IFN gamma) and granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 96 | 8665571 | Secretion of IL-2 abrogated the tumorigenicity of BL6, while IFN gamma and IL-4 partially reduced tumorigenicity, and GM-CSF had no effect. |
| 97 | 8665571 | Protective immunity to wild-type tumor challenge could not be achieved by vaccination with irradiated cytokine-secreting tumors, although IL-2 and IL-4 secretion appeared to retard the growth of the challenge inoculum significantly. |
| 98 | 8665571 | Neither IL-2 nor IFN gamma secretion resulted in the induction of immune T cells. |
| 99 | 8665571 | By contrast, GM-CSF and IL-4 secretion were found to induce immune T cells in the TDLN with GM-CSF being superior to IL-4. |
| 100 | 8665571 | The combined secretion of GM-CSF and IL-4 did not lead to enhanced induction of immune T cells. |
| 101 | 8665571 | Nevertheless, GM-CSF and IL-4 secretion significantly enhanced T cell immune reactivity to the poorly immunogenic BL6 tumor. |
| 102 | 8666894 | Immunization of BALB/c mice with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC), generated in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4, and prepulsed with the Meth A p53 mutant peptide, induced CTL that specifically recognized peptide-pulsed P815 cells, as well as Meth A cells naturally expressing this epitope. |
| 103 | 8687110 | Both cell lines were transduced retrovirally to secrete interleukin-2, interleukin-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, respectively. |
| 104 | 8690525 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor enhances immune responses to melanoma-associated peptides in vivo. |
| 105 | 8690525 | In the present study, we determined CTL reactivity against melanoma-associated peptides derived from Melan A/MART-1, tyrosinase, and gp100/Pmel17 in 3 HLA-A2+ melanoma patients. |
| 106 | 8690525 | Enhanced DTH reactions and CD8+ CTL responses were observed after treatment with systemic GM-CSF. |
| 107 | 8690525 | Immunohistochemical characterization of DTH-constituting elements revealed infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and strong expression of IL-2 and gammaIFN, suggesting the activation of CD4+ ThI and CD8+ CTL by peptides presented by MHC-class-I molecules of dermal APC. |
| 108 | 8704175 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an effective adjuvant for protein and peptide-based vaccines. |
| 109 | 8704175 | The current studies evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 110 | 8704175 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: an effective adjuvant for protein and peptide-based vaccines. |
| 111 | 8704175 | The current studies evaluate granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 112 | 8706049 | Bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interleukin-2 and/or granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor enhances immunocompetent cell production of interferon-gamma, which inhibits B16F10 melanoma cell growth in vitro. |
| 113 | 8706049 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha was substantially weaker (IC50 > 10 ng/ml) but provided synergy with IFN gamma. |
| 114 | 8706049 | None of the other cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, or granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor had direct antitumor activity against B16F10 melanoma cells. |
| 115 | 8706049 | However, when IL-2 and/or GM-CSF were combined with BCG either by exogenous addition or through endogenous production by novel cytokine-secreting recombinant BCG (rBCG), a substantial increase in INF gamma production by splenocytes was observed. |
| 116 | 8706049 | These results suggest that BCG may exert part of its antitumor action on melanoma through the induction of IFN gamma, which can be greatly enhanced through the concomitant addition of IL-2 and/or GM-CSF. |
| 117 | 8706049 | Bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interleukin-2 and/or granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor enhances immunocompetent cell production of interferon-gamma, which inhibits B16F10 melanoma cell growth in vitro. |
| 118 | 8706049 | Tumor necrosis factor alpha was substantially weaker (IC50 > 10 ng/ml) but provided synergy with IFN gamma. |
| 119 | 8706049 | None of the other cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, or granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor had direct antitumor activity against B16F10 melanoma cells. |
| 120 | 8706049 | However, when IL-2 and/or GM-CSF were combined with BCG either by exogenous addition or through endogenous production by novel cytokine-secreting recombinant BCG (rBCG), a substantial increase in INF gamma production by splenocytes was observed. |
| 121 | 8706049 | These results suggest that BCG may exert part of its antitumor action on melanoma through the induction of IFN gamma, which can be greatly enhanced through the concomitant addition of IL-2 and/or GM-CSF. |
| 122 | 8732694 | Effective immunization against neuroblastoma using double-transduced tumor cells secreting GM-CSF and interferon-gamma. |
| 123 | 8732694 | Murine neuroblastoma, neuro-2a, was transduced with the retroviral vector MFG-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), to examine immune stimulation conferred by localized GM-CSF production. |
| 124 | 8732694 | Because both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were necessary during priming to this MHC class Ilo, II-tumor, these data indicate that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I+, II+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were required for the T-cell antitumor response. |
| 125 | 8732694 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma, both of which have immunostimulatory activities on antigen-presenting cells, abrogated the tumorigenic potential of this tumor and increased immunogenicity over N-2a/IFN but not N-2a/GM. |
| 126 | 8748256 | When tested for cytokine production in response to mycobacterial antigens and defined epitopes (i.e., whole killed M. tuberculosis, a 65-kDa heat shock protein, and synthetic peptides) the T cell clones produced cytokines typical of Th1 cells: interleukin 2, interferon-gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 127 | 8782465 | Use of DNA encoding an ld/GM-CSF (idiotype/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) fusion protein improved vaccine efficacy, and xenogeneic immunoglobulin constant region determinants were required for immunogenicity. |
| 128 | 8816812 | To determine what barriers the "immunologically privileged" CNS would pose to cytokine-assisted tumor vaccines and what cytokines would be most efficacious against tumors within the CNS, we irradiated B16 murine melanoma cells producing murine interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, gamma-interferon, or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and used these cells as subcutaneous vaccines against tumors within the brain. |
| 129 | 8816812 | Under conditions where untransfected B16 cells had no effect, cells producing IL-3, IL-6, or GM-CSF increased the survival of mice challenged with viable B16 cells in the brain. |
| 130 | 8816812 | Vaccination with B16 cells producing IL-4 or gamma-interferon had no effect, and vaccination with B16 cells producing IL-2 decreased survival time. |
| 131 | 8816812 | The response elicited by GM-CSF-producing vaccines was found to be specific to tumor type and to be abrogated by depletion of CD8+ cells. |
| 132 | 8816812 | Unlike the immunity generated against subcutaneous tumors by GM-CSF, however, the effector responses generated against tumors in the CNS were not dependent on CD4+ cells. |
| 133 | 8831995 | Antitumor and accessory immune activities of peripheral blood stem cells mobilized with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 134 | 8855293 | In the 38C13 lymphoma model, we observed that low doses of free granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) 10,000 units i.p. or locally s.c. daily for 4 days significantly enhanced protective antitumor immunity induced by s.c. |
| 135 | 8855293 | This effect was critically dependent upon effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and was not associated with any increased anti-idiotypic antibody production. |
| 136 | 8855293 | Lymphocytes from spleens and draining lymph nodes of mice primed with Id-KLH plus GM-CSF, but not with Id-KLH alone, demonstrated significant proliferation to Id in vitro without any biased production of interferon gamma or interleukin 4 protein or mRNA. |
| 137 | 8864754 | Particle-mediated gene transfer of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor cDNA to tumor cells: implications for a clinically relevant tumor vaccine. |
| 138 | 8864754 | We hypothesized that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cDNA in a plasmid expression vector could be effectively introduced into resting tumor cells, without the need for tissue culture propagation prior to or following transfection, and that efficient expression of transgenic GM-CSF by the transfected tumor cells would confer an effective immune response against tumors. |
| 139 | 8864754 | Particle-mediated gene transfer of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor cDNA to tumor cells: implications for a clinically relevant tumor vaccine. |
| 140 | 8864754 | We hypothesized that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cDNA in a plasmid expression vector could be effectively introduced into resting tumor cells, without the need for tissue culture propagation prior to or following transfection, and that efficient expression of transgenic GM-CSF by the transfected tumor cells would confer an effective immune response against tumors. |
| 141 | 8871874 | The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on hepatitis B vaccination in haemodialysis patients. |
| 142 | 8871874 | In this pilot study, 15 patients previously non-responsive to at least three 40 micrograms doses of hepatitis B vaccine were given 0.5, 5 or 10 micrograms kg-1 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) subcutaneously 24 h prior to booster vaccination with a hepatitis B vaccine. |
| 143 | 8871874 | The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on hepatitis B vaccination in haemodialysis patients. |
| 144 | 8871874 | In this pilot study, 15 patients previously non-responsive to at least three 40 micrograms doses of hepatitis B vaccine were given 0.5, 5 or 10 micrograms kg-1 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) subcutaneously 24 h prior to booster vaccination with a hepatitis B vaccine. |
| 145 | 8872982 | Rates of secretion of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured in 50 primary cell cultures derived from cancerous and normal human kidneys. |
| 146 | 8872982 | Some cultured human renal carcinoma cells (RCC) secreted GM-CSF at levels that occasionally overlapped the levels produced by the GM-CSF gene-modified human RCC vaccine now in phase I trial. |
| 147 | 8894677 | The efficacy of a recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv-mGM-CSF) expressing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for use in cancer gene therapy was evaluated. |
| 148 | 8898371 | Induction of antigen-specific tumor immunity by genetic and cellular vaccines against MAGE: enhanced tumor protection by coexpression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and B7-1. |
| 149 | 8908497 | Ex vivo gene therapy involving interleukin-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor transduced whole tumour cell vaccines has shown great promise in animal models. |
| 150 | 8954168 | Vaccinia melanoma oncolysate (VMO) prepared with recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the gene of murine granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was tested for its therapeutic effect on melanoma pulmonary metastasis. |
| 151 | 8955200 | A third generation of vaccines consisting of naked DNA encoding the Id-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fusion proteins was equally effective in inducing tumor immunity. |
| 152 | 8955200 | To determine whether Ig variable regions, in the absence of constant regions, could be immunotherapeutic in this model, we tested the use of single-chain Fv (scFv). scFv proteins, produced in bacteria, and naked DNA encoding scFv were used in this study. scFv was tested alone or fused to GM-CSF or an immunoenhancing peptide derived from IL-1beta. |
| 153 | 8961505 | Evaluation of tolerability and antibody response after recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and a single dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. |
| 154 | 8961505 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) has been shown to augment antigen presentation by macrophages and dendritic cells in vitro, and to increase antibody responses to injected antigens in experimental animals. |
| 155 | 8961505 | Evaluation of tolerability and antibody response after recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and a single dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. |
| 156 | 8961505 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) has been shown to augment antigen presentation by macrophages and dendritic cells in vitro, and to increase antibody responses to injected antigens in experimental animals. |
| 157 | 8996587 | Among those strategies currently being studied are granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced prostate cancer vaccines, differentiation therapy, gene therapy, inducers of apoptosis, antimetastatic agents, angiogenesis inhibitors, radiation therapy (local and systemic), and systemic approaches targeted at prostate cancer morbidity. |
| 158 | 9041459 | We explored the antitumor immune response in the brain elicited by nonreplicating melanoma cells genetically engineered to produce either granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin-2 (IL-2) in a paracrine fashion. |
| 159 | 9041459 | Combination therapy with both the subcutaneous GM-CSF-transductants as a vaccine and local administration of IL-2-transductants in the brain achieved a synergistic response. |
| 160 | 9096381 | Dependent upon the type of poly-L-lysine applied, protection against tumor take was comparable to that achieved with irradiated whole-cell vaccines, genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 161 | 9096381 | However, peptide-polycation vaccines applied to the M-3 model were not as efficient as cellular control vaccines, consisting of irradiated interleukin 2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells. |
| 162 | 9096381 | Dependent upon the type of poly-L-lysine applied, protection against tumor take was comparable to that achieved with irradiated whole-cell vaccines, genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 163 | 9096381 | However, peptide-polycation vaccines applied to the M-3 model were not as efficient as cellular control vaccines, consisting of irradiated interleukin 2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells. |
| 164 | 9103465 | Cytokine-in-adjuvant steering of the immune response phenotype to HIV-1 vaccine constructs: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and TNF-alpha synergize with IL-12 to enhance induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. |
| 165 | 9103465 | Here we study the effects of IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-1beta, IL-12, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) incorporated with peptide in adjuvant on a variety of responses elicited: CTL, T cell proliferation, cytokine production and message, and Ab isotype. |
| 166 | 9103465 | GM-CSF synergized with IL-12 for CTL induction in BALB/c mice concomitant with suppression of Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. |
| 167 | 9103465 | TNF-alpha also synergized with IL-12, but by a different mechanism, inducing IFN-gamma production in BALB/c mice and thus shifting the response to a Th1 phenotype. |
| 168 | 9103465 | The results presented here suggest that in addition to IL-2, optimum induction of CD8+ CTL in vivo requires a combination of cytokines, including GM-CSF (probably acting to enhance Ag presentation and CD4+ cell help) and IL-12 (steering the Th response toward Th1 cytokines). |
| 169 | 9106171 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the immune system. |
| 170 | 9106171 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multifunctional cytokine currently used for the reversal of neutropenia associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy, bone marrow and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. |
| 171 | 9106171 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the immune system. |
| 172 | 9106171 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a multifunctional cytokine currently used for the reversal of neutropenia associated with cytotoxic chemotherapy, bone marrow and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. |
| 173 | 9108192 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor given as an adjuvant to persons not responding to hepatitis B vaccine. |
| 174 | 9108457 | Bioactivity of autologous irradiated renal cell carcinoma vaccines generated by ex vivo granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer. |
| 175 | 9108457 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced, irradiated tumor vaccines induce potent, T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses in preclinical models. |
| 176 | 9108457 | Bioactivity of autologous irradiated renal cell carcinoma vaccines generated by ex vivo granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer. |
| 177 | 9108457 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced, irradiated tumor vaccines induce potent, T-cell-mediated antitumor immune responses in preclinical models. |
| 178 | 9140115 | Two cytokine genes, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, were introduced into glioma cells by sequential transduction with two single-expression GK vectors. |
| 179 | 9143914 | The objective of this Phase I study is to assess the acute and long-term toxicities of intradermal vaccination of cancer patients with lethally-irradiated tumor cells that have been transfected by particle-mediated gene transfer (PMGT) with gold particles coated with human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) DNA in a plasmid expression vector. |
| 180 | 9143914 | Ongoing human tumor immunotherapy studies use patients' melanoma or renal carcinoma cells transfected with a retroviral vector containing GM-CSF cDNA as a vaccine to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. |
| 181 | 9166855 | However, recent reports have shown that human PMN can express MHC class II molecules both in vitro and in vivo after stimulation with either granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 182 | 9166855 | This accessory activity for SAg presentation was present only after induction of MHC class II expression, and was especially pronounced following culture of PMN with GM-CSF plus IFN-gamma, which acted synergistically to induce MHC class II molecules on PMN. |
| 183 | 9166855 | On the other hand, culture of PMN with GM-CSF plus IFN-gamma under conditions that resulted in optimal MHC class II expression did not enable them to function as antigen-presenting cells for either intact tetanus toxoid (TT) or for a TT peptide. |
| 184 | 9166855 | They also identify a donor-specific polymorphism for induction of PMN MHC class II expression which may be of significance for therapies involving GM-CSF and IFN-gamma. |
| 185 | 9189765 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and B7-2 combination immunogene therapy in an allogeneic Hu-PBL-SCID/beige mouse-human glioblastoma multiforme model. |
| 186 | 9189765 | We transduced the human glioblastoma cell line D54MG in vitro with genes encoding the proinflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the T cell co-stimulatory molecule B7-2, or both (in a bicistronic vector) via retroviral vectors. |
| 187 | 9189765 | Therapeutic gene expression by D54MG was high after transduction and selection (30 ng/10(6) cells/day for GM-CSF and > 2 orders of magnitude fluorescence shift on flow cytometry for B7-2). |
| 188 | 9189765 | The effect of GM-CSF and/or B7-2 transduction on D54MG tumor growth in vivo was monitored in a novel allogeneic human peripheral blood lymphocyte-severe combined immunodeficiency mouse (Hu-PBL-SCID) model. |
| 189 | 9189765 | GM-CSF- or B7-2-transduced tumors showed growth suppression in hu-PBL-reconstituted mice compared to untransduced and/or unreconstituted controls. |
| 190 | 9189765 | Furthermore, vaccination with irradiated GM-CSF/B7-2-transduced tumor cells markedly inhibited growth of wild-type tumors at distant sites. |
| 191 | 9189765 | Thus, this study illustrates a potential gene therapy strategy for glioblastoma multiforme patients using GM-CSF and/or B7-2 transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 192 | 9189765 | Although extension of these allogeneic studies to an autologous system is critical, this is the first demonstration of in vivo efficacy of combination GM-CSF and B7-2 immunogene therapy for human glioblastoma multiforme. |
| 193 | 9189765 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and B7-2 combination immunogene therapy in an allogeneic Hu-PBL-SCID/beige mouse-human glioblastoma multiforme model. |
| 194 | 9189765 | We transduced the human glioblastoma cell line D54MG in vitro with genes encoding the proinflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the T cell co-stimulatory molecule B7-2, or both (in a bicistronic vector) via retroviral vectors. |
| 195 | 9189765 | Therapeutic gene expression by D54MG was high after transduction and selection (30 ng/10(6) cells/day for GM-CSF and > 2 orders of magnitude fluorescence shift on flow cytometry for B7-2). |
| 196 | 9189765 | The effect of GM-CSF and/or B7-2 transduction on D54MG tumor growth in vivo was monitored in a novel allogeneic human peripheral blood lymphocyte-severe combined immunodeficiency mouse (Hu-PBL-SCID) model. |
| 197 | 9189765 | GM-CSF- or B7-2-transduced tumors showed growth suppression in hu-PBL-reconstituted mice compared to untransduced and/or unreconstituted controls. |
| 198 | 9189765 | Furthermore, vaccination with irradiated GM-CSF/B7-2-transduced tumor cells markedly inhibited growth of wild-type tumors at distant sites. |
| 199 | 9189765 | Thus, this study illustrates a potential gene therapy strategy for glioblastoma multiforme patients using GM-CSF and/or B7-2 transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 200 | 9189765 | Although extension of these allogeneic studies to an autologous system is critical, this is the first demonstration of in vivo efficacy of combination GM-CSF and B7-2 immunogene therapy for human glioblastoma multiforme. |
| 201 | 9199462 | A murine model of pneumonia due to the mouse pneumonitis agent (MoPn [murine Chlamydia trachomatis]) in mice deficient in CD4+ T-cell function (major histocompatibility complex [MHC] class II function [class II-/-], CD8+ T-cell function (beta2-microglobulin deficient, MHC class I deficient [Beta2m-/-]), B-cell function (C57BL/10J-Igh(tm1Cgn) [Igh-/-]), and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) (C57BL/6-Ifg(tm1) [Ifg-/-]) or interleukin-4 (C57BL/6J(tm1Cgn29) [IL4-/-]) production was employed to determine if each of these mechanisms was critical to resistance against reinfection by C. trachomatis or if alternate compensatory mechanisms existed in their absence which could potentially be exploited in vaccine development. |
| 202 | 9199462 | CD4 T-cell-deficient MHC class II-/- mice were very susceptible to reinfection with MoPn, showing the critical importance of this cell to resistance. |
| 203 | 9199462 | These mice lacked antibody production but did produce IFN-gamma, apparently by mechanisms involving NK and CD8+ T cells. |
| 204 | 9199462 | Levels of lung IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were elevated in Igh-/- mice compared to those in controls. |
| 205 | 9199462 | Of most importance, however, congenitally IFN-gamma-deficient Ifg-/- mice (which have elevated levels of other cytokines, including TNF-alpha and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) are paradoxically more resistant to MoPn rechallenge than controls, showing that IFN-gamma is not an absolute requirement for acquired resistance and implying the presence of very effective compensatory host defense mechanism(s). |
| 206 | 9199462 | Thus, resistance to reinfection in this model is flexible and multifactorial and is heavily dependent on CD4+ T cells, with a probable role for IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and a possible modest role for Th1-dependent antibody. |
| 207 | 9199462 | Since IFN-gamma was dispensable in host defense, the highly effective mechanism or mechanisms which can compensate for its absence (which include TNF-alpha) deserve further study. |
| 208 | 9205055 | Protective immunity induced by tumor vaccines requires interaction between CD40 and its ligand, CD154. |
| 209 | 9205055 | Interactions between CD40 and its ligand, CD154 (CD40L, gp39), have been shown to play a central role in the regulation of humoral immunity. |
| 210 | 9205055 | The contribution of this ligand-receptor pair to the development of protective immunity against syngeneic tumors was evaluated by blocking the in vivo function of CD154 or by studying tumor resistance in mice genetically deficient in CD40 expression (CD40-/-). |
| 211 | 9205055 | In the former case, anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody treatment inhibited the generation of protective immune responses after the administration of three potent tumor vaccines: irradiated MCA 105, MCA 105 admixed with Corynebacterium parvum adjuvant, and irradiated B16 melanoma cells transduced with the gene for granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 212 | 9205055 | Confirmation of the role of CD40/CD154 interactions in tumor immunity was provided by the overt tumor susceptibility in CD40-deficient mice as compared to that in CD40+/+ mice. |
| 213 | 9205055 | These findings suggest a critical role for CD40/CD154 interactions in the induction of cellular immunity by tumor vaccines and may have important implications for future approaches to cell-based cancer therapies. |
| 214 | 9218594 | Interleukin-10 prevents dendritic cell accumulation and vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified tumor cells. |
| 215 | 9218594 | Because "cross-priming" of T cells by host Ag-presenting cells for MHC class I-restricted tumor Ags is a major pathway for induction of tumor immunity and that is enhanced by granulocyte-macrophage (GM) CSF, we expressed this cytokine in J558L cells. |
| 216 | 9218594 | Inhibition of IL-10 expression through an IL-10 antisense retrovirus restored the vaccine efficacy of GM-CSF-producing J558L cells, demonstrating a direct role of IL-10 in paralyzing the GM-CSF-induced antitumor immune response. |
| 217 | 9218594 | Immunohistochemical analysis of the vaccine site showed a GM-CSF-induced accumulation of dendritic cells (DC) (MHC class II+ and DEC-205+) in the absence of IL-10. |
| 218 | 9218594 | Together, our results demonstrate an antagonistic effect of IL-10 with respect to GM-CSF-induced DC accumulation and tumor immunity and suggest a new mechanism by which tumors escape immune recognition: namely by preventing APC from obtaining access to tumor Ags. |
| 219 | 9234802 | Inhibition of anti-B. burgdorferi antibody production was observed after 3 days, but not after 2 days, of exposure of the antigen-presenting cells to tumor necrosis factor alpha +/- granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 220 | 9242454 | At fibroblast: tumor cell ratios of < or=1, allogeneic and syngeneic granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting fibroblasts enhanced T-cell reactivity to tumor cells. |
| 221 | 9242454 | However, at ratios of 2.4, the adjuvant effect induced by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was not evident. |
| 222 | 9242454 | Allogeneic fibroblasts transduced to secrete interleukin 2 or IFN-gamma also induced diminished tumor reactivity of primed LN cells. |
| 223 | 9242454 | At fibroblast: tumor cell ratios of < or=1, allogeneic and syngeneic granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting fibroblasts enhanced T-cell reactivity to tumor cells. |
| 224 | 9242454 | However, at ratios of 2.4, the adjuvant effect induced by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was not evident. |
| 225 | 9242454 | Allogeneic fibroblasts transduced to secrete interleukin 2 or IFN-gamma also induced diminished tumor reactivity of primed LN cells. |
| 226 | 9315484 | A variety of cytokines such as granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-2, IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-gamma, as well as the costimulatory molecule B7.1, have been tested to date for their ability to amplify the immune response to genetic vaccines. |
| 227 | 9317164 | Intranasal immunization of a DNA vaccine with IL-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing plasmids in liposomes induces strong mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses against HIV-1 antigens. |
| 228 | 9336741 | We have transfected human melanoma cell line 518A2 with the cDNA encoding interleukin-2 (IL-2) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and compared cytokine-producing clones for their ability to induce melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. |
| 229 | 9336741 | The parental cell line expressed HLA-A1, HLA-A2, ICAM-1, LFA-3, in addition to the common CTL antigens MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, and Melan-A/MART-1. |
| 230 | 9345055 | Mice were immunized with proteins and genetic vaccines derived from the original tumor, including (1) Id-keyhole limpet hemocyanin protein, (2) Id single-chain variable fragment (scFv) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) protein, (3) DNA encoding the Id, and (4) an adenovirus encoding the Id. |
| 231 | 9382951 | This study investigated the therapeutic effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on a mouse leukemia model. |
| 232 | 9409450 | Immunization with a syngeneic tumor infected with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces tumor regression and long-lasting systemic immunity. |
| 233 | 9409450 | A recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the gene for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rV-GM-CSF) was used to infect the poorly immunogenic murine colon adenocarcinoma cell line, MC-38. |
| 234 | 9409450 | Moreover, in vivo T-cell depletion studies revealed that growth suppression of the rV-GM-CSF-infected tumor cells was dependent on the presence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. |
| 235 | 9409450 | No such effects were observed when MC-38 tumor cells were infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-6. |
| 236 | 9409450 | Immunization with a syngeneic tumor infected with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces tumor regression and long-lasting systemic immunity. |
| 237 | 9409450 | A recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the gene for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rV-GM-CSF) was used to infect the poorly immunogenic murine colon adenocarcinoma cell line, MC-38. |
| 238 | 9409450 | Moreover, in vivo T-cell depletion studies revealed that growth suppression of the rV-GM-CSF-infected tumor cells was dependent on the presence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. |
| 239 | 9409450 | No such effects were observed when MC-38 tumor cells were infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-6. |
| 240 | 9413089 | Protective immunity against heterologous challenge with encephalomyocarditis virus by VP1 DNA vaccination: effect of coinjection with a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor gene. |
| 241 | 9413089 | Mice were immunized intramuscularly (i.m.) with pCT-Gs-VP1 in the presence or absence of plasmid DNA expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and were subsequently analyzed for their anti-VP1 immune responses with recombinant VP1 in ELISA. |
| 242 | 9413089 | Protective immunity against heterologous challenge with encephalomyocarditis virus by VP1 DNA vaccination: effect of coinjection with a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor gene. |
| 243 | 9413089 | Mice were immunized intramuscularly (i.m.) with pCT-Gs-VP1 in the presence or absence of plasmid DNA expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and were subsequently analyzed for their anti-VP1 immune responses with recombinant VP1 in ELISA. |
| 244 | 9414288 | Gene immunotherapy in murine acute myeloid leukemia: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor cell vaccines elicit more potent antitumor immunity compared with B7 family and other cytokine vaccines. |
| 245 | 9414288 | In this report, we question whether CD86 (B7.2) or the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can improve the vaccination potential of AML cells. |
| 246 | 9414288 | Our studies show that (1) mice vaccinated with a leukemogenic number of AML cells engineered to express B7.2 (B7.2-AML) or to secrete GM-CSF, IL-4, or TNF-alpha (GM-, IL-4-, TNF-alpha-AML) do not develop leukemia; (2) GM-AML cells are tumorigenic in sublethally irradiated SJL/J mice but not in Swiss nu/nu mice, indicating that killing of tumor cells is not T-cell-dependent; (3) vaccines with irradiated GM-AML, but not B7.2-, IL-4-, or TNF-alpha-AML cells, can elicit leukemia-specific protective and therapeutic immunity; and (4) in head-to-head comparison experiments, vaccination with irradiated GM-AML is more potent than B7.1-AML, curing 80% and providing 20% prolonged survival of the leukemic mice at week 2, as opposed to cures only up to 1 week with B7.1-AML vaccines. |
| 247 | 9414288 | Gene immunotherapy in murine acute myeloid leukemia: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor cell vaccines elicit more potent antitumor immunity compared with B7 family and other cytokine vaccines. |
| 248 | 9414288 | In this report, we question whether CD86 (B7.2) or the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can improve the vaccination potential of AML cells. |
| 249 | 9414288 | Our studies show that (1) mice vaccinated with a leukemogenic number of AML cells engineered to express B7.2 (B7.2-AML) or to secrete GM-CSF, IL-4, or TNF-alpha (GM-, IL-4-, TNF-alpha-AML) do not develop leukemia; (2) GM-AML cells are tumorigenic in sublethally irradiated SJL/J mice but not in Swiss nu/nu mice, indicating that killing of tumor cells is not T-cell-dependent; (3) vaccines with irradiated GM-AML, but not B7.2-, IL-4-, or TNF-alpha-AML cells, can elicit leukemia-specific protective and therapeutic immunity; and (4) in head-to-head comparison experiments, vaccination with irradiated GM-AML is more potent than B7.1-AML, curing 80% and providing 20% prolonged survival of the leukemic mice at week 2, as opposed to cures only up to 1 week with B7.1-AML vaccines. |
| 250 | 9451336 | The mode of action of genetically transduced melanoma cells incorporating the granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene (GVAX) is presented as a paradigm for cytokine-mediated strategies. |
| 251 | 9458095 | Adjuvant use of recombinant murine IL-12 (rmIL-12) was examined in mice vaccinated with irradiated syngeneic tumor or allogeneic cells. rmIL-12 given to A/J mice vaccinated with irradiated SCK tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor resulted in significantly better protection from tumor challenges 28 days after vaccination but, unexpectedly, severely compromised host protection 14 days after vaccination. |
| 252 | 9485028 | The Her-2/neu oncogene encodes a Mr 185,000 transmembrane protein with homology to the epidermal growth factor receptor. |
| 253 | 9485028 | CTLs induced with DCs generated in the presence of TNF-alpha elicited a higher cytotoxic activity when they were stimulated with the cognate peptide than did CTLs induced with DCs grown in granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4 alone. |
| 254 | 9485028 | Furthermore, these CTLs lysed, in a MHC- and antigen-restricted fashion, not only breast cancer cells but also colon carcinoma and RCC cell lines expressing Her-2/neu. |
| 255 | 9500607 | In the present clinical pilot study, DCs were generated in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) and were pulsed with tumor lysate or a cocktail of peptides known to be recognized by CTLs, depending on the patient's HLA haplotype. |
| 256 | 9529135 | Vaccination with murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing WEHI3 cells resulted in only 20% survival of i.v. challenged mice, and the additional combination of IL-2- and IL-7-producing vaccine did not reveal any additive or synergistic effects. |
| 257 | 9529135 | Taken together, we have identified IL-7 and IL-2 as effective cytokines in our leukemia/vaccination model with only marginal activity by GM-CSF. |
| 258 | 9541605 | Recently we and others reported that specific immune responses generated by DNA vaccine could be modulated by co-delivery of gene expression cassettes encoding for IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86. |
| 259 | 9541605 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we investigated the induction and regulation of immune responses following the co-delivery of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta), Th1 cytokine (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), and Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) genes. |
| 260 | 9541605 | We observed enhancement of antigen-specific humoral response with the co-delivery of Th2 cytokine genes IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 as well as those of IL-2 and IL-18. |
| 261 | 9541605 | A dramatic increase in antigen-specific T helper cell proliferation was seen with IL-2 and TNF-alpha gene co-injections. |
| 262 | 9541605 | In addition, we observed a significant enhancement of the cytotoxic response with the co-administration of TNF-alpha and IL-15 genes with HIV-1 DNA immunogens. |
| 263 | 9551367 | We have evaluated the abilities of a series of defined synthetic peptide epitopes derived from MART-1/Melan-A, gp100, tyrosinase, and MAGE-3 or unfractionated peptides naturally presented by melanoma MHC molecules to elicit HLA-A2-restricted and melanoma-reactive CTLs from the peripheral blood of normal donors or patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 264 | 9551367 | Autologous peripheral blood dendritic cells (DCs), which were easily generated from all donors when cultured in the presence of recombinant human interleukin-4 and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were pulsed with melanoma peptides and used to "prime" and/or "boost" CTL cultures in vitro. |
| 265 | 9551367 | Our results suggest that antimelanoma CTLs may be reproducibly generated in short-term in vitro cultures in this manner using either a subset of the defined synthetic peptides (MART-1/Melan-A27-35, MART-1/Melan-A32-40, gp100(280-288), tyrosinase368-376, and MAGE-3(271-279)) or unfractionated peptides (containing both idiotypic and shared melanoma epitopes) derived from freshly isolated autologous melanoma lesions. |
| 266 | 9570300 | Hepatoma cells, derived from ASV-B transgenic mice, were gene-transduced to express either interleukin-2, interleukin-4, the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, or the T-cell costimulatory molecule B7.1. |
| 267 | 9573027 | We have recently found in normal human marrow a subset of CD34(+) cells that constitutively expresses HLA-DR and low levels of CD86, a natural ligand for the T cell costimulation receptor CD28. |
| 268 | 9573027 | In this study, we show that CD34(+)/CD86(+) cells can also present tetanus toxoid antigen to memory CD4(+) T cells. |
| 269 | 9573027 | CD34(+)/CD86(+) marrow cells cultured in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-generated macrophages. |
| 270 | 9573027 | In contrast, CD34(+)/CD86(-) cells cultured in GM-CSF generated a predominant population of granulocytes. |
| 271 | 9573027 | CD34(+)/CD86(+) cells cultured in GM-CSF plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) generated almost exclusively CD1a+/CD83(+) dendritic cells. |
| 272 | 9573027 | In contrast, CD34(+)/CD86(-) cells cultured in GM-CSF plus TNF-alpha generated a variety of cell types, including a small population of dendritic cells. |
| 273 | 9573027 | In addition, CD34(+)/CD86(+) cells cultured in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor failed to generate CD15(+) granulocytes. |
| 274 | 9573027 | The ontogeny of dendritic cells was recapitulated by stimulation of CD34(+)/CD86(-) cells with TNF-alpha that induced expression of CD86. |
| 275 | 9573027 | Subsequent costimulation of CD86(+) cells with GM-CSF plus TNF-alpha lead to expression of CD83 and produced terminal dendritic cell differentiation. |
| 276 | 9581906 | Enhanced tumor protection by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression at the site of an allogeneic vaccine. |
| 277 | 9581906 | Here we describe a series of experiments that directly examines the effects of allogeneic MHC molecules on the immune-priming capabilities of a whole cell tumor vaccine engineered to secrete GM-CSF. |
| 278 | 9581906 | In addition, allogeneic MHC expression has no inhibitory effect on the ability of GM-CSF-transduced vaccines to induce systemic antitumor immunity. |
| 279 | 9607568 | Future trials will attempt to enhance the antitumor response by the addition of interleukin 2, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and other cytokines, together with the 1A7 vaccine. |
| 280 | 9616162 | The role of tumor necrosis factor alpha in modulating the quantity of peripheral blood-derived, cytokine-driven human dendritic cells and its role in enhancing the quality of dendritic cell function in presenting soluble antigens to CD4+ T cells in vitro. |
| 281 | 9616162 | DC progenitors from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were enriched by adherence to plastic, and the adherent cells were then cultured in serum-free XVIVO-15 medium (SFM) for 7 days with added granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 282 | 9616162 | Moreover, 14-day cultured DC generated in the presence of TNFalpha (when added at day 7) demonstrated marked enhancement in their capacity to stimulate a primary allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction (8-fold increase in stimulation index [SI]) as well as to present soluble tetanus toxoid and candida albicans (10- to 100-fold increases in SI) to purified CD4+ T cells. |
| 283 | 9616162 | When compared with non-TNFalpha-supplemented cultures, these DC also displayed an increased surface expression of CD83 as well as the costimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86. |
| 284 | 9620291 | In the ex vivo tumor vaccine approach, B16 melanoma cells, transduced in vitro by adenovirus containing either interleukin (IL)-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha cytokine genes and gamma irradiated, were subcutaneously injected into the flank and a distant subcutaneous challenge injection of unmodified B16 melanoma cells was performed 15 d later. |
| 285 | 9620291 | Significant reductions in challenge tumor volume were observed in the IL-2 group (75% reduction; p = 0.02) and in the GM-CSF group (88% reduction; p = 0.0006), whereas the effect for tumor necrosis factor-alpha was not statistically significant. |
| 286 | 9620291 | In the in vivo treatment of established melanomas, this cytokine approach was combined with a suicide gene therapy and subcutaneous B16 melanomas were directly injected with (i) IL-2/recombinant, replication-deficient adenovirus (adv) and thymidine kinase (tk)/adv, (ii) GM-CSF/adv, IL-2/adv, and tk/adv, or (iii) control beta-galactosidase (beta-gal)/adv and tk/adv. |
| 287 | 9620291 | Challenge tumor growth was reduced by 56% for the IL-2/tk/adv/GCV treatment (p = 0.041) and by 77% for the GM-CSF/IL-2/tk/adv/GCV treatment p (p = 0.037), in comparison with the beta-gal/tk/GCV control group. |
| 288 | 9625251 | Broadened clinical utility of gene gun-mediated, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor cDNA-based tumor cell vaccines as demonstrated with a mouse myeloma model. |
| 289 | 9625536 | DC were prepared from murine bone marrow cells by culture with both granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin(IL)-4. |
| 290 | 9625536 | The peritumoral injections of OK432 induced OK432-reactive CD4+ T cells in the draining lymph nodes, and their in vitro production of interferon gamma was thus significantly enhanced by restimulation with OK432-pulsed DC. |
| 291 | 9625536 | Interestingly, a significant level of IL-12 was detected in the coculture supernatant of both OK432-pulsed DC and OK432-reactive CD4+ T cells. |
| 292 | 9625805 | Antitumor vaccine effect of irradiated murine neuroblastoma cells producing interleukin-2 or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. |
| 293 | 9625805 | C1300 cells retrovirally transduced with interleukin-2 (IL-2) or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulation factor (GM-CSF) gene were established. |
| 294 | 9625805 | The control mice developed tumors of the challenged wild-type cells, on the contrary, the mice which had received irradiated IL-2 or GM-CSF producers did not. |
| 295 | 9625805 | Thus, IL-2- or GM-CSF-expressing syngeneic tumor cells can be potentially used as a tumor vaccine by inducing protective immunity against low immunogenic neuroblastomas in the inoculated hosts. |
| 296 | 9645364 | Among natural immunological adjuvants, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was shown to increase the potency of immunization against tumor cells and protein antigens. |
| 297 | 9664146 | Inhibition of murine melanoma growth by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor gene transfection is not haplotype specific. |
| 298 | 9664146 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to inhibit the growth and progression of murine melanoma cells in syngeneic C57BL/6 (H-2b) recipient animals. |
| 299 | 9664146 | Thus, these studies demonstrate for the first time that GM-CSF inhibits melanoma growth in a second genetically distinct MHC tumour-host model system and further support the use of GM-CSF in clinical trials in the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma in humans. |
| 300 | 9664146 | Inhibition of murine melanoma growth by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor gene transfection is not haplotype specific. |
| 301 | 9664146 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to inhibit the growth and progression of murine melanoma cells in syngeneic C57BL/6 (H-2b) recipient animals. |
| 302 | 9664146 | Thus, these studies demonstrate for the first time that GM-CSF inhibits melanoma growth in a second genetically distinct MHC tumour-host model system and further support the use of GM-CSF in clinical trials in the treatment of advanced malignant melanoma in humans. |
| 303 | 9694075 | These transiently transfected DC, derived from healthy donor monocytes cultured with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, express the transgene and can stimulate naive CD8+ T cells to elicit an antitumor immune response. |
| 304 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 blockade synergizes with tumor-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for treatment of an experimental mammary carcinoma. |
| 305 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 is a second B7 receptor expressed by T cells upon activation that, unlike CD28, appears to deliver an inhibitory signal to T cells. |
| 306 | 9707601 | In the present study, we report that the combination of both CTLA-4 blockade and a vaccine consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing SM1 cells resulted in regression of parental SM1 tumors, despite the ineffectiveness of either treatment alone. |
| 307 | 9707601 | This synergistic therapy resulted in long-lasting immunity to SM1 and depended on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 308 | 9707601 | Given that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes differentiation and activation of dendritic cells as well as enhances cross-priming of T cells to tumor-derived antigens and that SM1 is major histocompatibility complex class II-negative, our findings suggest that CTLA-4 blockade acts at the level of a host-derived antigen-presenting cell. |
| 309 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 blockade synergizes with tumor-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for treatment of an experimental mammary carcinoma. |
| 310 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 is a second B7 receptor expressed by T cells upon activation that, unlike CD28, appears to deliver an inhibitory signal to T cells. |
| 311 | 9707601 | In the present study, we report that the combination of both CTLA-4 blockade and a vaccine consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing SM1 cells resulted in regression of parental SM1 tumors, despite the ineffectiveness of either treatment alone. |
| 312 | 9707601 | This synergistic therapy resulted in long-lasting immunity to SM1 and depended on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 313 | 9707601 | Given that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes differentiation and activation of dendritic cells as well as enhances cross-priming of T cells to tumor-derived antigens and that SM1 is major histocompatibility complex class II-negative, our findings suggest that CTLA-4 blockade acts at the level of a host-derived antigen-presenting cell. |
| 314 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 blockade synergizes with tumor-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for treatment of an experimental mammary carcinoma. |
| 315 | 9707601 | CTLA-4 is a second B7 receptor expressed by T cells upon activation that, unlike CD28, appears to deliver an inhibitory signal to T cells. |
| 316 | 9707601 | In the present study, we report that the combination of both CTLA-4 blockade and a vaccine consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing SM1 cells resulted in regression of parental SM1 tumors, despite the ineffectiveness of either treatment alone. |
| 317 | 9707601 | This synergistic therapy resulted in long-lasting immunity to SM1 and depended on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 318 | 9707601 | Given that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor promotes differentiation and activation of dendritic cells as well as enhances cross-priming of T cells to tumor-derived antigens and that SM1 is major histocompatibility complex class II-negative, our findings suggest that CTLA-4 blockade acts at the level of a host-derived antigen-presenting cell. |
| 319 | 9711774 | We have studied the mechanisms associated with the dysregulation of myeloid lineage cytokines, GM-CSF and M-CSF, and lymphokines, IL-12, and IL-15 in activated CB when compared with APB MNC. |
| 320 | 9711774 | Furthermore, we have studied the effects of IL-12 and IL-15 on induction of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production, NK, and LAK activities in CB and APB. |
| 321 | 9711774 | GM-CSF, M-CSF, IL-12 and IL-15 protein and mRNA are decreased in activated CB MNC. |
| 322 | 9711774 | The impaired ability of CB to produce IL-12 and IL-15 in response to stimulation may contribute to the decrease in IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha production, NK and LAK activities. |
| 323 | 9711774 | Furthermore, combination of low dose IL-12 and IL-15 may augment cytotoxic activities and minimize toxicity. |
| 324 | 9711774 | We have studied the mechanisms associated with the dysregulation of myeloid lineage cytokines, GM-CSF and M-CSF, and lymphokines, IL-12, and IL-15 in activated CB when compared with APB MNC. |
| 325 | 9711774 | Furthermore, we have studied the effects of IL-12 and IL-15 on induction of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production, NK, and LAK activities in CB and APB. |
| 326 | 9711774 | GM-CSF, M-CSF, IL-12 and IL-15 protein and mRNA are decreased in activated CB MNC. |
| 327 | 9711774 | The impaired ability of CB to produce IL-12 and IL-15 in response to stimulation may contribute to the decrease in IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha production, NK and LAK activities. |
| 328 | 9711774 | Furthermore, combination of low dose IL-12 and IL-15 may augment cytotoxic activities and minimize toxicity. |
| 329 | 9725227 | A plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor increases protection conferred by a malaria DNA vaccine. |
| 330 | 9725227 | We now report that mixing a new plasmid PyCSP1012 with a plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases protection against malaria, and we have characterized in detail the increased immune responses due to GM-CSF. |
| 331 | 9725227 | GM-CSF plasmid increased Abs to PyCSP of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b isotypes, but not IgG3 or IgM. |
| 332 | 9725227 | IFN-gamma responses of CD8+ T cells to the PyCSP 280-288 amino acid epitope increased but CTL activity did not change. |
| 333 | 9725227 | The most dramatic changes after adding GM-CSF plasmid were increases in Ag-specific IL-2 production and CD4+ T cell proliferation. |
| 334 | 9725227 | We hypothesize that GM-CSF may act on dendritic cells to enhance presentation of the PyCSP Ag, with enhanced IL-2 production and CD4+ T cell activation driving the increases in Abs and CD8+ T cell function. |
| 335 | 9725227 | A plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor increases protection conferred by a malaria DNA vaccine. |
| 336 | 9725227 | We now report that mixing a new plasmid PyCSP1012 with a plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases protection against malaria, and we have characterized in detail the increased immune responses due to GM-CSF. |
| 337 | 9725227 | GM-CSF plasmid increased Abs to PyCSP of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b isotypes, but not IgG3 or IgM. |
| 338 | 9725227 | IFN-gamma responses of CD8+ T cells to the PyCSP 280-288 amino acid epitope increased but CTL activity did not change. |
| 339 | 9725227 | The most dramatic changes after adding GM-CSF plasmid were increases in Ag-specific IL-2 production and CD4+ T cell proliferation. |
| 340 | 9725227 | We hypothesize that GM-CSF may act on dendritic cells to enhance presentation of the PyCSP Ag, with enhanced IL-2 production and CD4+ T cell activation driving the increases in Abs and CD8+ T cell function. |
| 341 | 9733898 | Optimal induction of hepatitis C virus envelope-specific immunity by bicistronic plasmid DNA inoculation with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene. |
| 342 | 9733898 | In this study, we have constructed various DNA vaccine vectors that carried hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope genes without and with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in several different ways. |
| 343 | 9733898 | Optimal induction of hepatitis C virus envelope-specific immunity by bicistronic plasmid DNA inoculation with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene. |
| 344 | 9733898 | In this study, we have constructed various DNA vaccine vectors that carried hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope genes without and with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in several different ways. |
| 345 | 9737670 | In this study, we show that proinflammatory stimuli induce the expression of other cytokines such as IL-6, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by muscle cells themselves, as well as the up-regulation of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I, class II and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). |
| 346 | 9737670 | The levels of HLA class I, class II and ICAM-1 in inflamed muscle may be affected by the secreted products of the stimulation. |
| 347 | 9741424 | Development of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected tumor cell vaccines for the treatment of spontaneous canine cancer. |
| 348 | 9741424 | We hypothesized that canine tumor cells, transfected with human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) cDNA in a plasmid vector, would prove nontoxic following intradermal administration, generate biologically relevant levels of protein, effect local histological changes at the sites of vaccination, and create a systemic antitumor response. |
| 349 | 9741424 | Development of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected tumor cell vaccines for the treatment of spontaneous canine cancer. |
| 350 | 9741424 | We hypothesized that canine tumor cells, transfected with human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) cDNA in a plasmid vector, would prove nontoxic following intradermal administration, generate biologically relevant levels of protein, effect local histological changes at the sites of vaccination, and create a systemic antitumor response. |
| 351 | 9759932 | Immune response to Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia induced by expression of CD80, interleukin 2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 352 | 9759932 | The immunostimulatory molecules chosen for this study were the cytokines IL-2 and GM-CSF and the costimulatory ligand CD80 (B7.1). |
| 353 | 9759932 | BM185wt cells were transduced with retroviral vectors and the transduced clones expressing mIL-2, mGM-CSF, or mCD80 were used for challenge. |
| 354 | 9759932 | Expression of CD80 caused leukemia rejection in 50% of the cohort, which was associated with the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-dependent development of anti-leukemia cytotoxic T lymphocytes. |
| 355 | 9767469 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces the differentiation of murine erythroleukaemia cells into dendritic cells. |
| 356 | 9767469 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays an important role in the generation of DC. |
| 357 | 9767469 | After being treated with GM-CSF, FBL-3 cells expressed high levels of 33D1 and NLDC-145, which are the specific markers of DC. |
| 358 | 9767469 | The expression of MHC-II, B7-1, B7-2 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was up-regulated markedly; the typical morphology of DC were also observed by electron microscopy. |
| 359 | 9767469 | Functionally, the GM-CSF-induced FBL-3 cells could apparently stimulate the proliferation of naive allogeneic and autologous T lymphocytes and induce the generation of specific CTL more efficiently than the wild-type FBL-3 cells. |
| 360 | 9767469 | Mice immunized with GM-CSF-induced FBL-3 cells could resist the subsequent challenge with the wild-type FBL-3 cells. |
| 361 | 9767469 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces the differentiation of murine erythroleukaemia cells into dendritic cells. |
| 362 | 9767469 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays an important role in the generation of DC. |
| 363 | 9767469 | After being treated with GM-CSF, FBL-3 cells expressed high levels of 33D1 and NLDC-145, which are the specific markers of DC. |
| 364 | 9767469 | The expression of MHC-II, B7-1, B7-2 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was up-regulated markedly; the typical morphology of DC were also observed by electron microscopy. |
| 365 | 9767469 | Functionally, the GM-CSF-induced FBL-3 cells could apparently stimulate the proliferation of naive allogeneic and autologous T lymphocytes and induce the generation of specific CTL more efficiently than the wild-type FBL-3 cells. |
| 366 | 9767469 | Mice immunized with GM-CSF-induced FBL-3 cells could resist the subsequent challenge with the wild-type FBL-3 cells. |
| 367 | 9769115 | The specific aim of this study was to examine the prophylactic as well as the therapeutic efficacies of irradiated mouse CT26 colon cancer cells, infected with recombinant adenoviruses harboring cDNAs specific for granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN-gamma) and monocyte chemotactic protein1 (MCP-1). |
| 368 | 9769115 | On the other hand, vaccination with irradiated IFNgamma or MCP-1-secreting CT26 cells totally failed to protect mice from tumor development after challenge with parental cells. |
| 369 | 9769115 | Depletion of CD8+ cells, but not CD4+ cells, blocked the vaccine efficacy of GM-CSF-producing tumor cells. |
| 370 | 9789055 | Vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generates potent antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 371 | 9789055 | We conducted a Phase I clinical trial investigating the biologic activity of vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 372 | 9789055 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent antitumor immunity in humans with metastatic melanoma. |
| 373 | 9789055 | Vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generates potent antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 374 | 9789055 | We conducted a Phase I clinical trial investigating the biologic activity of vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 375 | 9789055 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent antitumor immunity in humans with metastatic melanoma. |
| 376 | 9789055 | Vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generates potent antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 377 | 9789055 | We conducted a Phase I clinical trial investigating the biologic activity of vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 378 | 9789055 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent antitumor immunity in humans with metastatic melanoma. |
| 379 | 9808567 | Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides enhance the immune response to vaccine strategies involving granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 380 | 9808567 | Prior studies have demonstrated that both CpG ODN and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can serve as potent vaccine adjuvants. |
| 381 | 9808567 | CpG ODN enhanced the production of interleukin-12 by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules, particularly when cells were pulsed with antigen/GM-CSF fusion protein. |
| 382 | 9808567 | Immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides enhance the immune response to vaccine strategies involving granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 383 | 9808567 | Prior studies have demonstrated that both CpG ODN and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can serve as potent vaccine adjuvants. |
| 384 | 9808567 | CpG ODN enhanced the production of interleukin-12 by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells and increased expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules, particularly when cells were pulsed with antigen/GM-CSF fusion protein. |
| 385 | 9815645 | We report here the serial phenotypic characterization of a CTL line directed against an immunodominant epitope (YLSGANLNL, designated CAP-1) of human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). |
| 386 | 9815645 | This CTL line was derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with metastatic carcinoma who had been treated with a recombinant CEA-vaccinia vaccine in a Phase I trial; the CTLs were analyzed through 20 in vitro cycle passages of stimulation with CAP-1 peptide and interleukin 2 in the presence of autologous antigen-presenting cells. |
| 387 | 9815645 | The CTL line was shown to be phenotypically stable in terms of high levels of cytokine (IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) production, expression of homing-adhesion molecules, ability to lyse peptide-pulsed targets, and ability to lyse human carcinoma cells endogenously expressing CEA in a MHC-restricted manner. |
| 388 | 9815761 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; 100 microgram) and MART-1(27-35) peptide (128 microgram in DMSO) were formulated into p-GlcNAc. |
| 389 | 9815761 | Peptide release was assayed in vitro using interleukin 2 production from previously characterized MART-1(27-35)-specific Jurkat T cells (JRT22). |
| 390 | 9816208 | Lack of T-cell-mediated recognition of the fusion region of the pml/RAR-alpha hybrid protein by lymphocytes of acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. |
| 391 | 9816208 | In previous studies, it was shown that the fusion region of the pml/RAR-alpha protein, expressed by acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, can be specifically recognized in vitro by donor (D. |
| 392 | 9816208 | G.) with BCR1/25, a 25-mer pml/RAR-alpha, did not elicit either a polyclonal or a clonal immune response specific to the peptide. |
| 393 | 9816208 | We then generated new donor anti-pml/RAR-alpha CD4(+) T-cell clones. |
| 394 | 9816208 | One clone (C3/5, CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(-)) was selected for further analysis. |
| 395 | 9816208 | Clone C3/5 showed specific proliferation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) production when challenged with autologous lymphoblastic cell lines pulsed with peptide BCR1/25. |
| 396 | 9816208 | G. whether the use of 9-mer peptides (BCR1/9) would generate a CD8/HLA class I-restricted response. |
| 397 | 9829838 | Eighteen colorectal carcinoma patients without macroscopic disease after surgery were immunized using recombinant (r) human (h) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with (n=9) or without (n=9) the addition of soluble granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 398 | 9829838 | All patients (9/9) in the GM-CSF group developed a strong rhCEA-specific proliferative T cell response as well as type I T cells (interferon gamma secretion). |
| 399 | 9829838 | A specific cellular response (proliferation and/or cytokine secretion) against native hCEA could be found in 8/9 patients in the GM-CSF group, although at a significantly lower level than against rhCEA. |
| 400 | 9829838 | Local pharmacological administration of GM-CSF seemed to be a prerequisite for the induction of a strong immunity against baculovirus-produced hCEA protein. |
| 401 | 9842896 | Enhancement of protective humoral (Th2) and cell-mediated (Th1) immune responses against herpes simplex virus-2 through co-delivery of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression cassettes. |
| 402 | 9842896 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could in theory attract antigen-presenting cells in muscle following intramuscular DNA immunization, resulting in enhanced antigen-specific immune responses. |
| 403 | 9842896 | GM-CSF cDNA co-injection enhanced levels of specific IgG, IgE and IgA against HSV-2 gD protein significantly higher than gD plasmid vaccination alone. |
| 404 | 9842896 | T helper cell proliferation and secretion of cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) were significantly increased by GM-CSF cDNA co-injection. |
| 405 | 9842896 | Enhancement of protective humoral (Th2) and cell-mediated (Th1) immune responses against herpes simplex virus-2 through co-delivery of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression cassettes. |
| 406 | 9842896 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could in theory attract antigen-presenting cells in muscle following intramuscular DNA immunization, resulting in enhanced antigen-specific immune responses. |
| 407 | 9842896 | GM-CSF cDNA co-injection enhanced levels of specific IgG, IgE and IgA against HSV-2 gD protein significantly higher than gD plasmid vaccination alone. |
| 408 | 9842896 | T helper cell proliferation and secretion of cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) were significantly increased by GM-CSF cDNA co-injection. |
| 409 | 9858522 | The induction of optimal systemic antitumor immunity involves the priming of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells specific for tumor-associated antigens. |
| 410 | 9858522 | The role of CD4(+) T helper cells (Th) in this response has been largely attributed to providing regulatory signals required for the priming of major histocompatibility complex class I restricted CD8(+) cytolytic T lymphocytes, which are thought to serve as the dominant effector cell mediating tumor killing. |
| 411 | 9858522 | However, analysis of the effector phase of tumor rejection induced by vaccination with irradiated tumor cells transduced to secrete granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor indicates a far broader role for CD4(+) T cells in orchestrating the host response to tumor. |
| 412 | 9930341 | Vaccine effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or CD80 gene-transduced murine hematopoietic tumor cells and their cooperative enhancement of antitumor immunity. |
| 413 | 9930341 | To develop immunogene therapy targeting minimal residual hematopoietic tumor cells in patients, we transduced murine GM-CSF or CD80 gene into murine WEHI 3B myelomonocytic leukemia and EL-4 thymic lymphoma cells using retroviral vectors and evaluated their effects on inducing antitumor responses in syngeneic host mice. |
| 414 | 9930341 | Subcutaneously injected GM-CSF- and CD80 gene-transduced WEHI 3B (GMCSF/WEHI/3.2 or CD80/WEHI/1.8, respectively) cells lost their original tumorigenicity in immunocompetent syngeneic mice. |
| 415 | 9930341 | Results from tumor inoculation experiments using athymic nude mice suggested that the rejection of GMCSF/WEHI/3.2 in immunocompetent mice depended fully on T cells and that of CD80/WEHI 1.8 depended partly on T cells and partly on NK cells. |
| 416 | 9930341 | In both WEHI 3B and EL-4 models, irradiated GM-CSF gene-transduced cells provided strong immuno-protection against wild-type cells, but irradiated CD80 gene-transduced cells did not. |
| 417 | 9930341 | A remarkably high cooperative effect was obtained when irradiated GMCSF/EL-4 and CD80/EL-4 were inoculated together. |
| 418 | 9930341 | These results suggested that the tumor vaccine effect is efficiently enhanced by GM-CSF gene transduction and CD80 gene transduction induces some protective antitumor immunity in co-operation with GM-CSF gene transduction. |
| 419 | 9933432 | Urine of patients showed increased levels of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) after BCG instillation. |
| 420 | 9933432 | Levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the serum also increased after BCG instillation, but IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and M-CSF were not detectable. |
| 421 | 9933432 | Maximal levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the urine or serum were shown after the fourth instillation. |
| 422 | 9933432 | Urine of patients showed increased levels of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) after BCG instillation. |
| 423 | 9933432 | Levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the serum also increased after BCG instillation, but IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and M-CSF were not detectable. |
| 424 | 9933432 | Maximal levels of IL-2 and IFN-gamma in the urine or serum were shown after the fourth instillation. |
| 425 | 9934705 | A human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein enhances the cellular immune response to Env in a vaccinia virus-based vaccine. |
| 426 | 9934705 | To increase the immunogenicity of the Env antigen, a VV recombinant was generated that expresses a chimeric antigen consisting of the Env protein fused to an immunostimulatory cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 427 | 9934705 | A human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein enhances the cellular immune response to Env in a vaccinia virus-based vaccine. |
| 428 | 9934705 | To increase the immunogenicity of the Env antigen, a VV recombinant was generated that expresses a chimeric antigen consisting of the Env protein fused to an immunostimulatory cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 429 | 9989489 | Among the specific strategies reviewed are a construct that fuses a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) that incorporates both the variable-region genes necessary to encode the idiotypic determinants with fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin; a novel vector system using herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) for in vivo gene delivery; the possibility of eliciting hyperacute xenograft response to treat human cancer; and the use of gene gun-mediated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) cDNA-based tumor cell vaccines. |
| 430 | 10037196 | Here, we demonstrate that functional DCs can be generated from peripheral blood of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by culture of monocytes/macrophages (CD14+) in autologous serum containing medium (RPMI) in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL) 4. |
| 431 | 10037196 | A synergistic effect of DC-TuLy and IL-2 in stimulating a T cell-dependent immune response was demonstrated by: (a) the increase of growth expansion of TILs (9.4-14.3-fold; day 21); (b) the up-regulation of the CD3+ CD56- TcR+ (both CD4+ and CD8+) cell population; (c) the augmentation of T cell-restricted autologous tumor lysis; and (d) the enhancement of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IL-6 mRNA expression by TILs. |
| 432 | 10037196 | Here, we demonstrate that functional DCs can be generated from peripheral blood of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) by culture of monocytes/macrophages (CD14+) in autologous serum containing medium (RPMI) in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL) 4. |
| 433 | 10037196 | A synergistic effect of DC-TuLy and IL-2 in stimulating a T cell-dependent immune response was demonstrated by: (a) the increase of growth expansion of TILs (9.4-14.3-fold; day 21); (b) the up-regulation of the CD3+ CD56- TcR+ (both CD4+ and CD8+) cell population; (c) the augmentation of T cell-restricted autologous tumor lysis; and (d) the enhancement of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IL-6 mRNA expression by TILs. |
| 434 | 10037198 | Positively selected CD4+ cells activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 released greater amounts of cytokine (IFN-gamma and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor) in response to autologous tumors compared to cells activated by anti-CD3 alone. |
| 435 | 10048771 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we investigated the induction and regulation of immune responses from the codelivery of Thl cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2] and IL-12), Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) genes along with a DNA vaccine construct encoding for simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) gag/pol proteins. |
| 436 | 10048771 | We observed that coinjection with IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and GM-CSF resulted in increased levels of antigen-specific antibodies. |
| 437 | 10048771 | We also observed that coadministration of IL-2, IL-12, and GM-CSF genes resulted in a dramatic enhancement of Th proliferation responses. |
| 438 | 10068654 | Immunization with MPC11 cells expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) led to long-lasting protection of mice against subcutaneous (sc) challenge with both parental cells or their MDR variants. |
| 439 | 10068654 | Similarly, immunization with GM-CSF/IL-12-transfected MDR sublines caused rejection of transplantation of both parental cells and the MDR sublines. |
| 440 | 10068654 | Whereas MPC11 cells and their MDR variants were resistant to APO-1/CD95/Fas ligand, the immunization generated potent granzyme B/perforin-secreting cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that were similarly effective against both parental and isogenic MDR cells. |
| 441 | 10073726 | In order to enhance the level of HIV-1 specific immunity, we have engineered HIV-1 DNA constructs which contained various cytokine genes such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene. |
| 442 | 10073726 | However, inoculations of HIV-1 DNA that contained the GM-CSF or the IL-2 gene significantly enhanced humoral and proliferative T cell responses, respectively. |
| 443 | 10073728 | In order to determine the effects of various cytokines on long-term protection against the influenza virus, mice were intramuscularly coinoculated with plasmids that encoded either the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-12 (IL-12), or the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene, in the presence of two plasmids that encoded the nucleoprotein (NP) and the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of the influenza A virus. |
| 444 | 10073728 | The coadministration of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-12 transiently enhanced antibody responses against influenza virus in early time points (4 to 7 week post immunization) after post inoculation. |
| 445 | 10073728 | Mice that received either the IL-12 or the IL-6 gene had enhanced NP-specific CTL responses. |
| 446 | 10078602 | Induction of a protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni with ovalbumin-coupled Sm37-5 coadsorbed with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-12 on alum. |
| 447 | 10078602 | The adjuvant effect of cytokines (GM-CSF or IL-12) associated with the antigen on alum was investigated. |
| 448 | 10078961 | Preclinical development of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected melanoma cell vaccine using established canine cell lines and normal dogs. |
| 449 | 10078961 | We conducted a pilot study of seven research dogs to determine whether intradermal injection of canine tumor cells transfected via the Accell particle-mediated gene transfer device with the cDNA for human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) would generate biologically relevant levels of protein and result in demonstrable histological changes at sites of vaccination. |
| 450 | 10078961 | Preclinical development of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transfected melanoma cell vaccine using established canine cell lines and normal dogs. |
| 451 | 10078961 | We conducted a pilot study of seven research dogs to determine whether intradermal injection of canine tumor cells transfected via the Accell particle-mediated gene transfer device with the cDNA for human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) would generate biologically relevant levels of protein and result in demonstrable histological changes at sites of vaccination. |
| 452 | 10078968 | Enhanced adjuvant effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin-12 compared with either alone in vaccine-induced tumor immunity. |
| 453 | 10078968 | Using the poorly immunogenic D5 murine melanoma, we examined the adjuvant effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion by gene-modified tumor cells inoculated as a vaccine to prime tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). |
| 454 | 10078968 | D5 transfectants that secreted IL-12 or GM-CSF alone were compared with a double transfectant that secreted equivalent amounts of both cytokines. |
| 455 | 10078968 | Both IL-12 and GM-CSF had adjuvant effects in promoting tumor-reactive TDLN cells, but the combination was better than either alone. |
| 456 | 10078968 | These observations suggest that the immunomodulation roles of IL-12 and GM-CSF are different and complementary. |
| 457 | 10078968 | Enhanced adjuvant effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin-12 compared with either alone in vaccine-induced tumor immunity. |
| 458 | 10078968 | Using the poorly immunogenic D5 murine melanoma, we examined the adjuvant effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) secretion by gene-modified tumor cells inoculated as a vaccine to prime tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs). |
| 459 | 10078968 | D5 transfectants that secreted IL-12 or GM-CSF alone were compared with a double transfectant that secreted equivalent amounts of both cytokines. |
| 460 | 10078968 | Both IL-12 and GM-CSF had adjuvant effects in promoting tumor-reactive TDLN cells, but the combination was better than either alone. |
| 461 | 10078968 | These observations suggest that the immunomodulation roles of IL-12 and GM-CSF are different and complementary. |
| 462 | 10093041 | Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and autologous melanoma vaccine mediate tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 463 | 10093041 | In mice, significant immunoprotection was achieved using B16 melanoma cells transfected with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as vaccines (Dranoff G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A, et al. |
| 464 | 10093041 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 465 | 10093041 | Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and autologous melanoma vaccine mediate tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 466 | 10093041 | In mice, significant immunoprotection was achieved using B16 melanoma cells transfected with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as vaccines (Dranoff G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A, et al. |
| 467 | 10093041 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 468 | 10093041 | Recombinant human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and autologous melanoma vaccine mediate tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 469 | 10093041 | In mice, significant immunoprotection was achieved using B16 melanoma cells transfected with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as vaccines (Dranoff G, Jaffee E, Lazenby A, et al. |
| 470 | 10093041 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 471 | 10096292 | Finally, in addition to superior potency, these fusions were distinguished from lymphoma Ig fusions with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or other cytokines by their induction of critical effector T cells. |
| 472 | 10194445 | Immunization with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as a vaccine adjuvant elicits both a cellular and humoral response to recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 473 | 10194445 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important cytokine for the generation and propagation of antigen-presenting cells and for priming a cellular immune response. |
| 474 | 10194445 | Immunization with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as a vaccine adjuvant elicits both a cellular and humoral response to recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 475 | 10194445 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important cytokine for the generation and propagation of antigen-presenting cells and for priming a cellular immune response. |
| 476 | 10195625 | Enhanced cellular immunity to hepatitis C virus nonstructural proteins by codelivery of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor gene in intramuscular DNA immunization. |
| 477 | 10195625 | In this report, we have constructed a plasmid, pTV-NS345, that encodes the HCV NS3, NS4 and NS5 proteins (NS345) and a bicistronic plasmid, PTV-NS345/GMCSF, in which the HCV NS345 polyprotein and GMCSF are translated independently. |
| 478 | 10195636 | A novel influenza subunit vaccine composed of liposome-encapsulated haemagglutinin/neuraminidase and IL-2 or GM-CSF. |
| 479 | 10195636 | Influenza A virus (Shangdong/9/93) haemagglutinin/neuraminidase (H3N2), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were encapsulated, each separately or combined, in multilamellar vesicles composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine. |
| 480 | 10195636 | The following results were obtained: (1) The efficiency of encapsulation in liposomes was 95, 90 and 38% for HN, IL-2 and GM-CSF, respectively, and the liposomal preparations were highly stable as an aqueous dispersion for > 2 months at 4 degrees C. (2) Following immunization with 0.5 microg Lip-HN, there was an earlier, up to 50-fold stronger, and 3-5 times longer response than that obtained with nonliposomal HN. (3) Coimmunization with free cytokines further increased the response 2-20 times and the two cytokines had an additive effect. (4) Liposomal cytokines were 2-20 times more effective than the free cytokines and their stimulatory effect was more durable. (5) A 100% seroconversion (HI titer > or = 40) was achieved with only 10-25% of the routinely used antigen dose, by encapsulating either antigen or cytokine. (6) The level of protection following vaccination with the combined liposomal vaccines was 70-100% versus 0-25% in mice immunized with Al-HN alone, and no toxicity was observed. |
| 481 | 10226738 | Augmentation of the immune response with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other hematopoietic growth factors. |
| 482 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is by far the most widely used hematopoietic growth factor to augment immune responses. |
| 483 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor can be delivered as gene-transduced tumor cells, as plasmid DNA, or as the soluble free granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor protein. |
| 484 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor must be present at the same site as the vaccine component. |
| 485 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may also augment the effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by enhancing various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and amplifying an idiotypic network response (i.e., antitumor immunity). |
| 486 | 10226738 | Augmentation of the immune response with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other hematopoietic growth factors. |
| 487 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is by far the most widely used hematopoietic growth factor to augment immune responses. |
| 488 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor can be delivered as gene-transduced tumor cells, as plasmid DNA, or as the soluble free granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor protein. |
| 489 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor must be present at the same site as the vaccine component. |
| 490 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may also augment the effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by enhancing various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and amplifying an idiotypic network response (i.e., antitumor immunity). |
| 491 | 10226738 | Augmentation of the immune response with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other hematopoietic growth factors. |
| 492 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is by far the most widely used hematopoietic growth factor to augment immune responses. |
| 493 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor can be delivered as gene-transduced tumor cells, as plasmid DNA, or as the soluble free granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor protein. |
| 494 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor must be present at the same site as the vaccine component. |
| 495 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may also augment the effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by enhancing various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and amplifying an idiotypic network response (i.e., antitumor immunity). |
| 496 | 10226738 | Augmentation of the immune response with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other hematopoietic growth factors. |
| 497 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is by far the most widely used hematopoietic growth factor to augment immune responses. |
| 498 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor can be delivered as gene-transduced tumor cells, as plasmid DNA, or as the soluble free granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor protein. |
| 499 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor must be present at the same site as the vaccine component. |
| 500 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may also augment the effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by enhancing various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and amplifying an idiotypic network response (i.e., antitumor immunity). |
| 501 | 10226738 | Augmentation of the immune response with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and other hematopoietic growth factors. |
| 502 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is by far the most widely used hematopoietic growth factor to augment immune responses. |
| 503 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor can be delivered as gene-transduced tumor cells, as plasmid DNA, or as the soluble free granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor protein. |
| 504 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor must be present at the same site as the vaccine component. |
| 505 | 10226738 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor may also augment the effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies by enhancing various effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and amplifying an idiotypic network response (i.e., antitumor immunity). |
| 506 | 10233734 | Mammalian granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and some CpG motifs have an effect on the immunogenicity of DNA and subunit vaccines in fish. |
| 507 | 10233734 | In addition, plasmid DNA expressing mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had a marked effect on cytotoxic T-cell-like activity in fish by reducing the average number of myofibres that expressed beta-gal, 28 days after co-injection with plasmid DNA expressing beta-gal. |
| 508 | 10233734 | Mammalian granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and some CpG motifs have an effect on the immunogenicity of DNA and subunit vaccines in fish. |
| 509 | 10233734 | In addition, plasmid DNA expressing mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had a marked effect on cytotoxic T-cell-like activity in fish by reducing the average number of myofibres that expressed beta-gal, 28 days after co-injection with plasmid DNA expressing beta-gal. |
| 510 | 10233735 | Co-immunization with DNA vaccines expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and mycobacterial secreted proteins enhances T-cell immunity, but not protective efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 511 | 10233735 | To improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of these mycobacterial vectors, co-immunization of a plasmid expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was investigated. |
| 512 | 10233735 | Intramuscular immunization with DNA expressing MPT64 or Ag85B and GM-CSF enhanced the antigen-specific cellular immune response, with increased proliferative response and production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 513 | 10233735 | Co-immunization with DNA vaccines expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and mycobacterial secreted proteins enhances T-cell immunity, but not protective efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 514 | 10233735 | To improve the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of these mycobacterial vectors, co-immunization of a plasmid expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was investigated. |
| 515 | 10233735 | Intramuscular immunization with DNA expressing MPT64 or Ag85B and GM-CSF enhanced the antigen-specific cellular immune response, with increased proliferative response and production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 516 | 10233743 | In a murine model, we analysed the in vitro effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alone or combined with interleukin-4 (IL-4) or Flt3 ligand (Flt3-L) on the number, immunophenotype and functions of bone marrow-derived DC. |
| 517 | 10233743 | In GM-CSF cultures, we have identified two populations based on their level of expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules: MHC-IIhi cells, exhibiting the typical morphology and immunophenotype of myeloid DC (CD11c+ 33D1+ DEC-205+ F4/80+), and MHC-IIlo cells, heterogeneous for DC markers (30% CD11c+; 50% 33D1+; DEC-205-; F4/80+). |
| 518 | 10233743 | In contrast, after addition of IL-4 to GM-CSF, the two populations displayed a very similar phenotype (CD11c+ 33D1- DEC-205+ F4/80-), differing only in their expression levels of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules, and showed similar stimulatory activity in mixed leucocyte reaction. |
| 519 | 10346986 | A quantitative focus assay for titration of retroviruses that encode human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 520 | 10346986 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a haematopoietic growth factor that regulates proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of monocyte-macrophages and granulocytic cells. |
| 521 | 10346986 | A quantitative focus assay for titration of retroviruses that encode human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 522 | 10346986 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a haematopoietic growth factor that regulates proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of monocyte-macrophages and granulocytic cells. |
| 523 | 10358185 | Tumor cell surface expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor elicits antitumor immunity and protects from tumor challenge in the P815 mouse mastocytoma tumor model. |
| 524 | 10361131 | We found that mixtures of irradiated cells expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus those expressing interleukin-4 (IL-4) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) protected mice against WEHI-3B-induced leukemias. |
| 525 | 10361131 | When bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) obtained from mice that had been injected with irradiated, cytokine-expressing tumor cells were injected into tumor-bearing mice, the survival of the latter was significantly prolonged; the longest survival was observed in mice receiving BMMNCs containing an increased number of DCs from animals injected with a mixture of tumor cells expressing GM-CSF with those expressing IL-4. |
| 526 | 10384114 | Transfection of immature murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene potently enhances their in vivo antigen-presenting capacity. |
| 527 | 10389910 | CTLs recognizing the HLA-A2.1-restricted, wild-type sequence p53 epitopes p53(149-157) and p53(264-272) were generated from CD8-enriched populations of nonadherent peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) obtained from healthy donors. |
| 528 | 10389910 | The PBLs were restimulated in vitro with peptide-pulsed granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor- and interleukin (IL)-4-induced autologous dendritic cells in the presence of IL-6 and IL-12 and subsequently cultivated with IL-1alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-7. |
| 529 | 10389911 | The vaccine formulation included groups of peptides derived from the HER-2/neu extracellular domain (ECD) or intracellular domain (ICD) mixed with granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor as an adjuvant. |
| 530 | 10397734 | We have started a vaccination trial in multiple myeloma (MM) using Id-specific proteins conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) as immunogens and low doses of subcutaneous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin-2 (IL-2) as immunoadjuvants. |
| 531 | 10404432 | We investigated the combination therapy of local radiation of lung metastasis and vaccination with autologous tumor cells that produced interleukin (IL)-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) using the mouse Renca pulmonary metastasis model. |
| 532 | 10404432 | Wild-type Renca (W/Renca) were transfected with pEF-BOS vector incorporating cDNAs for IL-2, IFN-gamma, or GM-CSF to express these cytokines. |
| 533 | 10404432 | W/Renca, IL-2-producing Renca (Renca/IL-2), and IFN-gamma-producing Renca (Renca/IFN-gamma) produced subcutaneous tumor at the injection site in eight of eight, one of eight, and two of eight mice, respectively. |
| 534 | 10404432 | Renca/IFN-gamma produced subcutaneous (s.c.) tumors in all Balb/c nude mice, but Renca/IL-2 and Renca/GM-CSF did not. |
| 535 | 10404432 | To test the elicitation of antitumor activity, Balb/c mice were injected intravenously with 1 x 10(5) W/Renca on day 0, vaccinated, s.c., with 1 x 10(6) cells each of 5,000 rad preirradiated Renca/IL-2, Renca/IFN-gamma, and Renca/GM-CSF or 3 x 10(6) cells of preirradiated W/Renca on days 1, 7, and 14, and radiated with 300 rad to both lungs on day 5. |
| 536 | 10414466 | Dendritic cells are the most potent of APC, capable of activating both antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 537 | 10414466 | Previously, we have described how vaccination of mice with irradiated tumor cells producing granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces tumor-specific immunity capable of protecting mice from a subsequent tumor challenge. |
| 538 | 10429676 | Dendritic cells infiltrating tumors cotransduced with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD40 ligand genes take up and present endogenous tumor-associated antigens, and prime naive mice for a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. |
| 539 | 10429676 | We transduced BALB/c-derived C-26 colon carcinoma cells with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD40 ligand (CD40L) genes to favor interaction of these cells with host dendritic cells (DCs) and, therefore, cross-priming. |
| 540 | 10429676 | DCs isolated from C-26/GM/CD40L tumors grown in (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1 mice (H-2d x b) stimulated interferon gamma production by both anti-AH-1 and KSP CTLs, whereas tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) of BALB/c mice stimulated only anti-AH-1 CTLs. |
| 541 | 10429676 | These data indicate that DCs infiltrating tumors that produce GM-CSF and CD40L can capture cellular antigens, likely through uptake of apoptotic bodies, and mature in situ to a stage suitable for antigen presentation. |
| 542 | 10429676 | Dendritic cells infiltrating tumors cotransduced with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD40 ligand genes take up and present endogenous tumor-associated antigens, and prime naive mice for a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response. |
| 543 | 10429676 | We transduced BALB/c-derived C-26 colon carcinoma cells with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD40 ligand (CD40L) genes to favor interaction of these cells with host dendritic cells (DCs) and, therefore, cross-priming. |
| 544 | 10429676 | DCs isolated from C-26/GM/CD40L tumors grown in (BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1 mice (H-2d x b) stimulated interferon gamma production by both anti-AH-1 and KSP CTLs, whereas tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs) of BALB/c mice stimulated only anti-AH-1 CTLs. |
| 545 | 10429676 | These data indicate that DCs infiltrating tumors that produce GM-CSF and CD40L can capture cellular antigens, likely through uptake of apoptotic bodies, and mature in situ to a stage suitable for antigen presentation. |
| 546 | 10430624 | Combination immunotherapy of B16 melanoma using anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing vaccines induces rejection of subcutaneous and metastatic tumors accompanied by autoimmune depigmentation. |
| 547 | 10430624 | We examined the effectiveness of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockade, alone or in combination with a granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing tumor cell vaccine, on rejection of the highly tumorigenic, poorly immunogenic murine melanoma B16-BL6. |
| 548 | 10430624 | Tumor rejection was dependent on CD8(+) and NK1.1(+) cells but occurred irrespective of the presence of CD4(+) T cells. |
| 549 | 10430624 | Combination immunotherapy of B16 melanoma using anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing vaccines induces rejection of subcutaneous and metastatic tumors accompanied by autoimmune depigmentation. |
| 550 | 10430624 | We examined the effectiveness of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) blockade, alone or in combination with a granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing tumor cell vaccine, on rejection of the highly tumorigenic, poorly immunogenic murine melanoma B16-BL6. |
| 551 | 10430624 | Tumor rejection was dependent on CD8(+) and NK1.1(+) cells but occurred irrespective of the presence of CD4(+) T cells. |
| 552 | 10457215 | Therapy of established tumour with a hybrid cellular vaccine generated by using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor genetically modified dendritic cells. |
| 553 | 10457215 | To generate hybrid tumour vaccines with potentially greater potent therapeutic efficacy, we genetically engineered DCs with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prior to cell fusion. |
| 554 | 10457215 | In vivo depletion of T-cell subsets demonstrated that both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were essential for the therapeutic effects of B16/DC and B16/DC.GM hybrid vaccines. |
| 555 | 10457215 | Therapy of established tumour with a hybrid cellular vaccine generated by using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor genetically modified dendritic cells. |
| 556 | 10457215 | To generate hybrid tumour vaccines with potentially greater potent therapeutic efficacy, we genetically engineered DCs with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prior to cell fusion. |
| 557 | 10457215 | In vivo depletion of T-cell subsets demonstrated that both CD8+ and CD4+ T cells were essential for the therapeutic effects of B16/DC and B16/DC.GM hybrid vaccines. |
| 558 | 10466632 | A universal granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing bystander cell line for use in the formulation of autologous tumor cell-based vaccines. |
| 559 | 10482188 | Autologous vaccines involving interleukin-2 (IL-2)- or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced whole tumor cells showed great promise in animal models. |
| 560 | 10482186 | The first is an effort to induce antitumor immunity by enriching the cytokine environment within the primary cancer by intraprostatic injection of Leukocyte Interleukin (Cel-Sci Corp, Vienna, VA), a mixture of natural cytokines that includes interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), IL-2, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). |
| 561 | 10482186 | When administered as an emulsion or in association with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)/cyclophosphamide or GM-CSF with or without IL-2/cyclophosphamide, immunologic tolerance is broken as evidenced by the generation of humoral and cellular immunity. |
| 562 | 10496363 | Retinoblastoma binding protein 1 (RBP-1) is a 143-kDa nuclear phosphoprotein that promotes cell growth by inhibiting the product of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor gene (pRB). |
| 563 | 10496363 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 41 normal donors were stimulated by these peptides in culture media containing 15 IU ml(-1) interleukin-2, 25 IU ml(-1) interleukin-7 and 500 IU ml(-1) granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 564 | 10498243 | Combination of CD80 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor coexpression by a leukemia cell vaccine: preclinical studies in a murine model recapitulating Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
| 565 | 10498243 | We compared the efficacy of BM185 cell vaccine expressing CD80 alone or in combination with IL-2 or GM-CSF. |
| 566 | 10498243 | Mice injected with viable BM185 leukemia cells modified to express CD80 and GM-CSF (BM185/CD80+GM-CSF) showed the highest leukemia rejection rates. |
| 567 | 10498243 | Cell vaccines consisting of irradiated BM185/CD80+GM-CSF cells administered subcutaneously stimulated a potent cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against parental BM185. |
| 568 | 10498243 | Administration of the BM185/CD80+GM-CSF cell vaccine before intravenous challenge with parental cells caused strong inhibition of leukemia development. |
| 569 | 10498243 | The immunization efficacy of the BM185/CD80+ GM-CSF cell vaccine was directly correlated with the percentage of cells expressing the transgenes. |
| 570 | 10498243 | In all, this preclinical study shows that leukemia cell vaccines coexpressing CD80 and GM-CSF can potentially be explored for immunotherapy in Ph+ ALL patients. |
| 571 | 10498246 | Flt3 ligand antitumor activity in a murine breast cancer model: a comparison with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and a potential mechanism of action. |
| 572 | 10498246 | We have shown that Flk2/Flt3 ligand (Flt3L)-transduced tumor vaccine induces transferable T cell protection against a murine breast cancer cell line, but a direct comparison with the potent effector GM-CSF, the activity against preestablished tumors, and the mechanism of antitumor response in this breast cancer model are not known. |
| 573 | 10537292 | Induction of immunity to prostate cancer antigens: results of a clinical trial of vaccination with irradiated autologous prostate tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer. |
| 574 | 10537292 | Vaccination with irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting gene-transduced cancer vaccines induces tumoricidal immune responses. |
| 575 | 10537292 | Induction of immunity to prostate cancer antigens: results of a clinical trial of vaccination with irradiated autologous prostate tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer. |
| 576 | 10537292 | Vaccination with irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting gene-transduced cancer vaccines induces tumoricidal immune responses. |
| 577 | 10537307 | Adjunctive therapy with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor or a vaccinia-based vaccine does not result in an improved cure rate over the L. monocytogenes vaccine alone. |
| 578 | 10537336 | Selective in vivo mobilization with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/granulocyte-CSF as compared to G-CSF alone of dendritic cell progenitors from peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with advanced breast cancer undergoing autologous transplantation. |
| 579 | 10537336 | DCs develop from myeloid progenitor populations under the influence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and pass through an intermediate stage of maturation that is characterized by CD14 expression. |
| 580 | 10537336 | PBPCs mobilized in 10 patients with GM-CSF for 1 week, followed by the combination of GM-CSF and G-CSF, were compared with those obtained from patients receiving G-CSF alone with respect to the presence of DC progenitors and the capacity to generate functionally active mature DCs. |
| 581 | 10537336 | PBPCs mobilized with GM-CSF/G-CSF were markedly enriched for CD14+ DC progenitor cells as compared with those mobilized with G-CSF alone. |
| 582 | 10537336 | Consistent with an immature progenitor population, the CD14+ cells express Ki-67 antigen but not nonspecific esterase. |
| 583 | 10537336 | CD14+ cells purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting from PBPCs mobilized with either regimen and cultured for 1 week in GM-CSF and interleukin-4 generated nearly pure populations of cells with characteristic DC phenotype and function. |
| 584 | 10537336 | Selective in vivo mobilization with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/granulocyte-CSF as compared to G-CSF alone of dendritic cell progenitors from peripheral blood progenitor cells in patients with advanced breast cancer undergoing autologous transplantation. |
| 585 | 10537336 | DCs develop from myeloid progenitor populations under the influence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and pass through an intermediate stage of maturation that is characterized by CD14 expression. |
| 586 | 10537336 | PBPCs mobilized in 10 patients with GM-CSF for 1 week, followed by the combination of GM-CSF and G-CSF, were compared with those obtained from patients receiving G-CSF alone with respect to the presence of DC progenitors and the capacity to generate functionally active mature DCs. |
| 587 | 10537336 | PBPCs mobilized with GM-CSF/G-CSF were markedly enriched for CD14+ DC progenitor cells as compared with those mobilized with G-CSF alone. |
| 588 | 10537336 | Consistent with an immature progenitor population, the CD14+ cells express Ki-67 antigen but not nonspecific esterase. |
| 589 | 10537336 | CD14+ cells purified by fluorescence-activated cell sorting from PBPCs mobilized with either regimen and cultured for 1 week in GM-CSF and interleukin-4 generated nearly pure populations of cells with characteristic DC phenotype and function. |
| 590 | 10547430 | Prevention of neonatal tolerance by a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 591 | 10547430 | In an effort to improve antigen presenting cell (APC) function in newborns, we co-administered pCSP with a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (pGMCSF). |
| 592 | 10547430 | Prevention of neonatal tolerance by a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 593 | 10547430 | In an effort to improve antigen presenting cell (APC) function in newborns, we co-administered pCSP with a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (pGMCSF). |
| 594 | 10551332 | Pretreatment of PBMCs as a source of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with interferon (IFN)-gamma, or to some extent with IFN-alpha, but not with any of the other cytokines tested, augmented the peptide-induced CTL activity in HLA-A24 heterozygotes, but not in HLA-A24 homozygotes. |
| 595 | 10551332 | This IFN-gamma-mediated augmentation was inhibited by either interleukin (IL)-4 or IL-10. |
| 596 | 10551332 | This IL-2-mediated activation of CTLs was inhibited by the addition of IFN-gamma, IL-4, or IL-10 to the IL-2 culture. |
| 597 | 10551332 | For further expansion of the CTLs, dendritic cells (DCs) induced from PBMCs with IL-4 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were required as APCs. |
| 598 | 10551332 | These results indicate that IFN-gamma and IL-2 are important in the activation of APCs and CTLs, respectively, while GM-CSF and IL-4 are needed for the induction of DCs, which in turn are required for further expansion of mature CTLs. |
| 599 | 10556549 | Slight improvement of the HIV-1 nef antibody response was achieved after co-inoculation with a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression vector. |
| 600 | 10558962 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccination of healthy adults. |
| 601 | 10558962 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has shown promise as an adjuvant to improve the kinetics and magnitude of the immune response after vaccination. |
| 602 | 10558962 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccination of healthy adults. |
| 603 | 10558962 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has shown promise as an adjuvant to improve the kinetics and magnitude of the immune response after vaccination. |
| 604 | 10587297 | Vaccination of sheep with a plasmid bearing the full length gene for the tick antigen Bm86 either alone or co-administered with plasmid carrying the ovine genes for the cytokines, granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or interleukin (IL)-1beta induced a relatively low level of protection against subsequent tick infestation. |
| 605 | 10589037 | Treatment of liver metastases from colon carcinoma with autologous tumor vaccine expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 606 | 10595741 | In an in vitro study, leukemic DCs were generated using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-4 from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized PBSC fraction of this patient, and were found to be Ph1+, and to possess the morphologic and phenotypic characteristics of mature DCs. |
| 607 | 10607257 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the efficacy of hepatitis B virus vaccine in previously unvaccinated haemodialysis patients. |
| 608 | 10607257 | To overcome this and to improve the response to HBV vaccine in dialysis patients, we used granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 609 | 10607257 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the efficacy of hepatitis B virus vaccine in previously unvaccinated haemodialysis patients. |
| 610 | 10607257 | To overcome this and to improve the response to HBV vaccine in dialysis patients, we used granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 611 | 10638708 | In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a tumor vaccine composed of inactivated autologous cells transfected with two plasmid vectors encoding a mutant membrane-bound murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MuGM-CSF) and murine interferon-gamma (MuIFN-gamma). |
| 612 | 10638708 | More importantly, vaccination with irradiated tumor cells expressing the membrane-bound GM-CSF and IFN-gamma induced a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response that protected syngeneic mice against a subsequent challenge with D122 cells as a primary tumor in preimmunized mice as well as against lung metastasis developing after surgical removal of the primary tumor in naive mice. |
| 613 | 10638708 | Autologous cells expressing the membrane-bound GM-CSF and IFN-gamma exhibited comparable efficacy as an antimetastatic vaccine to a vaccine composed of transfectants expressing wild-type secreted cytokine molecules. |
| 614 | 10641571 | Intradermal injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with metastatic melanoma recruits dendritic cells. |
| 615 | 10641571 | We hypothesized that intradermal (i.d.) injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) would recruit DCs into melanoma skin metastases and enhance autologous melanoma antigen presentation to host T cells. |
| 616 | 10641571 | There was a significant increase in the number of DCs (HLA-DR+, S100+, factor XIIIa+) and CD45R0+ T cells in the skin and in the tumors Injected with GM-CSF at all dose levels. |
| 617 | 10641571 | Uninjected control tumors showed no increase in HLA-DR+ cells or T-cell infiltrate, but did show an Increase in S100+ and factor XIIIa+ cells, suggesting a non-DC population. |
| 618 | 10641571 | Intradermal injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with metastatic melanoma recruits dendritic cells. |
| 619 | 10641571 | We hypothesized that intradermal (i.d.) injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) would recruit DCs into melanoma skin metastases and enhance autologous melanoma antigen presentation to host T cells. |
| 620 | 10641571 | There was a significant increase in the number of DCs (HLA-DR+, S100+, factor XIIIa+) and CD45R0+ T cells in the skin and in the tumors Injected with GM-CSF at all dose levels. |
| 621 | 10641571 | Uninjected control tumors showed no increase in HLA-DR+ cells or T-cell infiltrate, but did show an Increase in S100+ and factor XIIIa+ cells, suggesting a non-DC population. |
| 622 | 10644869 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis patients. |
| 623 | 10644869 | The present study was designed to test the efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccination for improving seroconversion rate in maintenance HD patients. |
| 624 | 10644869 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccination in maintenance hemodialysis patients. |
| 625 | 10644869 | The present study was designed to test the efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an adjuvant to hepatitis B vaccination for improving seroconversion rate in maintenance HD patients. |
| 626 | 10652566 | The efficacy of a recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv-GM-CSF) expressing the granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as tumor vaccine was evaluated in the murine B16-F10 melanoma model. |
| 627 | 10667204 | An early vaccine approach that was developed by our group involves the insertion of the granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene into cancer cells that are then used to immunize patients. |
| 628 | 10671339 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as immunomodulating factor together with influenza vaccination in stem cell transplant patients. |
| 629 | 10671339 | The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the serological response at influenza vaccination was studied in 117 patients who had undergone stem cell transplantation (SCT). |
| 630 | 10671339 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as immunomodulating factor together with influenza vaccination in stem cell transplant patients. |
| 631 | 10671339 | The effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the serological response at influenza vaccination was studied in 117 patients who had undergone stem cell transplantation (SCT). |
| 632 | 10680844 | Specifically, we examined the effects on the antigen-specific immune responses following the codelivery of the gene expression cassettes for M-CSF, G-CSF, and GM-CSF along with HIV-1 DNA immunogen constructs. |
| 633 | 10680844 | This enhancement of CTL responses observed from the coinjection with M-CSF was CD8+ T cell dependent and was associated with the presence of CD11c+ cells at the site of injection and with the antigen-specific induction of the beta-chemokine MIP-1beta, suggesting a role for this chemokine in CTL induction. |
| 634 | 10680844 | Specifically, we examined the effects on the antigen-specific immune responses following the codelivery of the gene expression cassettes for M-CSF, G-CSF, and GM-CSF along with HIV-1 DNA immunogen constructs. |
| 635 | 10680844 | This enhancement of CTL responses observed from the coinjection with M-CSF was CD8+ T cell dependent and was associated with the presence of CD11c+ cells at the site of injection and with the antigen-specific induction of the beta-chemokine MIP-1beta, suggesting a role for this chemokine in CTL induction. |
| 636 | 10687141 | Although a comparable percentage of DCs expressing CD86+ (B7-2), CD40+, and HLA-DR+ were detected in both cultures, higher expression levels were detected in DCs derived from bulk culture (CD86 = MRLFI 3665.1 versus 2662.1 on day 6; CD40 = MRLFI 1786 versus 681.2 on day 6; HLA-DR = MRLFI 6018.2 versus 3444.9 on day 2). |
| 637 | 10687141 | Cytokines involved in DC maturation were determined by polymerase chain reaction demonstrating interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-12, interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha mRNA expression by bulk culture cells during the entire 9-day culture period. |
| 638 | 10687141 | Concurrently, CD3+ CD56-, CD3+ CD25+, and CD3+ TCR+ cell populations increased and cytotoxicity against autologous renal cell carcinoma tumor target was induced. |
| 639 | 10687150 | These transiently transduced dendritic cells, derived from melanoma patients' monocytes cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, express the transgene and can stimulate patients' CD8+ T cells to elicit an antitumor immune response comparable to dendritic cells loaded with a defined peptide. |
| 640 | 10730885 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing tumour vaccines. |
| 641 | 10730885 | Murine sarcoma MC12 cells were transfected with the gene coding for murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 642 | 10730885 | It has further been found than immunosensitivity of the genetically manipulated, GM-CSF-producing tumour targets to the IL-2-activated killer (LAK) cell-mediated cytolysis was significantly increased, as compared to the parental target cell population. |
| 643 | 10730885 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing tumour vaccines. |
| 644 | 10730885 | Murine sarcoma MC12 cells were transfected with the gene coding for murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 645 | 10730885 | It has further been found than immunosensitivity of the genetically manipulated, GM-CSF-producing tumour targets to the IL-2-activated killer (LAK) cell-mediated cytolysis was significantly increased, as compared to the parental target cell population. |
| 646 | 10732724 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified vaccines for immunotherapy of cancer. |
| 647 | 10741715 | We have devised an efficient and effective method for purification of the chaperone proteins grp94/gp96, HSP90, HSP70, and calreticulin from harvested A20 murine leukemia/lymphoma tumor material. |
| 648 | 10741715 | Syngeneic granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor producing fibroblasts were injected at the site of vaccination in an attempt to augment the immune response. |
| 649 | 10741715 | Surprisingly, localized granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production inhibited the protective effects of chaperone vaccination. |
| 650 | 10741715 | We have devised an efficient and effective method for purification of the chaperone proteins grp94/gp96, HSP90, HSP70, and calreticulin from harvested A20 murine leukemia/lymphoma tumor material. |
| 651 | 10741715 | Syngeneic granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor producing fibroblasts were injected at the site of vaccination in an attempt to augment the immune response. |
| 652 | 10741715 | Surprisingly, localized granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production inhibited the protective effects of chaperone vaccination. |
| 653 | 10746554 | Phase 2 trial of vaccination with tyrosinase peptides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 654 | 10746554 | This phase II study was performed to determine the induction of a specific T-cell response, the clinical response rate, and toxicity of vaccination with different HLA class I-binding peptide epitopes derived from the melanocyte differentiation antigen tyrosinase in patients with stage IV melanoma. |
| 655 | 10746554 | Patients received intradermal injections of 200 microgram [corrected] peptide corresponding to their HLA type on day 3, and 75 or 150 microg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on days 1 to 4. |
| 656 | 10746554 | This study shows limited clinical and immunologic activity of HLA class 1-peptide vaccination in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in stage IV melanoma patients. |
| 657 | 10746554 | Phase 2 trial of vaccination with tyrosinase peptides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 658 | 10746554 | This phase II study was performed to determine the induction of a specific T-cell response, the clinical response rate, and toxicity of vaccination with different HLA class I-binding peptide epitopes derived from the melanocyte differentiation antigen tyrosinase in patients with stage IV melanoma. |
| 659 | 10746554 | Patients received intradermal injections of 200 microgram [corrected] peptide corresponding to their HLA type on day 3, and 75 or 150 microg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on days 1 to 4. |
| 660 | 10746554 | This study shows limited clinical and immunologic activity of HLA class 1-peptide vaccination in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in stage IV melanoma patients. |
| 661 | 10746554 | Phase 2 trial of vaccination with tyrosinase peptides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 662 | 10746554 | This phase II study was performed to determine the induction of a specific T-cell response, the clinical response rate, and toxicity of vaccination with different HLA class I-binding peptide epitopes derived from the melanocyte differentiation antigen tyrosinase in patients with stage IV melanoma. |
| 663 | 10746554 | Patients received intradermal injections of 200 microgram [corrected] peptide corresponding to their HLA type on day 3, and 75 or 150 microg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on days 1 to 4. |
| 664 | 10746554 | This study shows limited clinical and immunologic activity of HLA class 1-peptide vaccination in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in stage IV melanoma patients. |
| 665 | 10749137 | DISC-HSV-2 is able to infect a wide range of tumor cells and efficiently express the beta-galactosidase reporter gene, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), or IL-2 genes. |
| 666 | 10749137 | Gene expression occurred rapidly after infection of tumor cells, and the level of production of the gene product (beta-galactosidase, GM-CSF, or IL-2) was shown to be both time-and dose-dependent. |
| 667 | 10749137 | Therapy with DISC-infected RENCA "whole" cell vaccines failed to reduce the incidence or growth of tumor in congenitally T-cell deficient (Nu+/Nu+) mice or mice depleted of CD4+ and/or CD8+ T-lymphocytes, confirming that both T-helper and T-cytotoxic effector arms of the immune response are required to promote tumor rejection. |
| 668 | 10757348 | This study examines how large tumors might suppress the T cell functions and escape from the immune responses elicited by a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting tumor vaccine. |
| 669 | 10757348 | Expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and interleukin 10 (IL-10), the potent immunosuppressive factors, was detected in the parental tumor cell line RLmale 1 (a murine T leukemia cell line), as well as in the tumor region, the levels of which correlated with tumor progression. |
| 670 | 10757348 | The immunosuppressive activity of IL-10 was also signified by the findings that administration of the conditioned medium of RLmale 1 cultured in a serum-free medium, in which the TGF-beta activity was then lost while the IL-10 activity still remained, or of recombinant IL-10 to the early-treated group of mice abrogated the known efficacy of tumor vaccine on the small tumors. |
| 671 | 10760827 | We have shown that the sequential use of early-acting hematopoietic growth factors, stem cell factor, IL-3 and IL-6, followed by differentiation with IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor allows the in vitro generation of large numbers of immature DCs from CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitor cells. |
| 672 | 10760827 | Fourteen HLA-A1(+) or HLA-A2(+) patients received at least 4 i.v. infusions of 5 x 10(6) to 5 x 10(7) DCs pulsed with a pool of peptides including either MAGE-1, MAGE-3 (HLA-A1) or Melan-A, gp100, tyrosinase (HLA-A2), depending on the HLA haplotype. |
| 673 | 10770625 | Enhanced antitumoral effect of adenovirus-mediated cytosine deaminase gene therapy by induction of antigen-presenting cells through stem cell factor/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer. |
| 674 | 10770625 | We preinjected the mice with murine stem cell factor (SCF)-encoding adenovirus (AdSCF) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-encoding adenovirus (AdGM-CSF); after 7 days, the mice were inoculated with CT26 colon adenocarcinoma. |
| 675 | 10770625 | Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity was induced efficiently after the combined therapy, and mRNA of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-4, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-2 was present in the tumor mass after combined therapy, suggesting that a more potent antitumoral response was induced by enhanced APCs. |
| 676 | 10770625 | Enhanced antitumoral effect of adenovirus-mediated cytosine deaminase gene therapy by induction of antigen-presenting cells through stem cell factor/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer. |
| 677 | 10770625 | We preinjected the mice with murine stem cell factor (SCF)-encoding adenovirus (AdSCF) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-encoding adenovirus (AdGM-CSF); after 7 days, the mice were inoculated with CT26 colon adenocarcinoma. |
| 678 | 10770625 | Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte activity was induced efficiently after the combined therapy, and mRNA of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-4, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-2 was present in the tumor mass after combined therapy, suggesting that a more potent antitumoral response was induced by enhanced APCs. |
| 679 | 10775785 | The cellular immune response was associated with IFN-gamma and IL-10 synthesis, suggesting a modulated Th1-type response. |
| 680 | 10775785 | Splenocyte proliferation was strongly enhanced and protection slightly higher by inoculation with GRA4 DNA combined with a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressing vector. |
| 681 | 10779161 | Immunogenetic therapy of human melanoma utilizing autologous tumor cells transduced to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 682 | 10779161 | Four of five patients proceeded to have the adoptive transfer of GM-CSF-VPLN cells secondarily activated and expanded ex vivo with anti-CD3 MAb and IL-2. |
| 683 | 10779161 | Utilizing cytokine (IFN-gamma, GM-CSF, IL-10) release assays, GM-CSF-VPLN T cells manifested diverse responses when exposed to tumor antigen in vitro. |
| 684 | 10786654 | Uses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vaccine development. |
| 685 | 10786654 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent cytokine capable of inducing differentiation, proliferation, and activation of a variety of immunologically active cell populations. |
| 686 | 10786654 | Uses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vaccine development. |
| 687 | 10786654 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent cytokine capable of inducing differentiation, proliferation, and activation of a variety of immunologically active cell populations. |
| 688 | 10792287 | Subsequently, the patients received three boost immunizations every other week with a combination of Id and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (nine patients) or with Id peptide-pulsed dendritic cells again (two patients). |
| 689 | 10792505 | Rhesus macaques were immunized by a modified targeted lymph nodes (TLN) route with recombinant simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) glycoprotein 120 (gp120) and p27 in alum, and adsorbed recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with either interleukin (IL)-2 or IL-4. |
| 690 | 10792505 | Immunization induced significant increases in the concentrations of CD8 cell-derived suppressor factor (CD8-SF), regulated on activation normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta, and down-modulation of the proportion of cells expressing CCR5 (r = 0.737, P<0.05). |
| 691 | 10797297 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced autologous tumor cell-based vaccines are currently one of the major forms of cancer vaccines. |
| 692 | 10797297 | To determine the effective cell population in the antitumor immunity elicited by B16GME7, we carried out in vivo antibody depletion experiments using CD4 and CD8 specific antibodies. |
| 693 | 10797297 | Furthermore, the antitumor immunity produced by B16GME7 was dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells. |
| 694 | 10807763 | Sustaining the graft-versus-tumor effect through posttransplant immunization with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing tumor vaccines. |
| 695 | 10807763 | Using a syngeneic murine bone marrow transplant model, we demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing autologous tumor cells is effective in the post-BMT period and actually results in a greater tumor-free survival than vaccination in the nontransplant setting. |
| 696 | 10807763 | Sustaining the graft-versus-tumor effect through posttransplant immunization with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing tumor vaccines. |
| 697 | 10807763 | Using a syngeneic murine bone marrow transplant model, we demonstrate that vaccination with irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing autologous tumor cells is effective in the post-BMT period and actually results in a greater tumor-free survival than vaccination in the nontransplant setting. |
| 698 | 10811122 | In this study, we demonstrate that an effective immune response against primary prostate tumors in transgenic (TRAMP) mice can be elicited using a strategy that combines CTLA-4 blockade and an irradiated tumor cell vaccine. |
| 699 | 10811122 | Histopathological analysis revealed that treated mice had a lower tumor grade with significant accumulation of inflammatory cells in interductal spaces when treated with anti-CTLA-4 and a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing vaccine. |
| 700 | 10811863 | In contrast, vaccination with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced tumor cells, previously shown to induce potent antitumor immunity in standard tumor challenge assays, led to a decreased therapeutic effect in the metastasis model and no effect in the subcutaneous tumor model. |
| 701 | 10811863 | Further engineering of DCs to express either GM-CSF, tumor necrosis factor alpha, or CD40 ligand via retroviral-mediated gene transfer, led to a significantly increased therapeutic effect in the subcutaneous tumor model. |
| 702 | 10811863 | The immunological mechanism, as shown for GM-CSF-transduced DCs, involves MAGE-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 703 | 10811870 | Here, we have investigated the effects of type I IFNs on freshly isolated granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-treated human monocytes in terms of dendritic cell (DC) differentiation and activity in vitro and in severe combined immunodeficiency mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID) mice. |
| 704 | 10811870 | Type I IFNs induced a surprisingly rapid maturation of monocytes into short-lived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-expressing DCs endowed with potent functional activities, superior with respect to the interleukin (IL)-4/GM-CSF treatment, as shown by FACS((R)) analyses, mixed leukocyte reaction assays with allogeneic PBLs, and lymphocyte proliferation responses to HIV-1-pulsed autologous DCs. |
| 705 | 10811870 | Type I IFN induced IL-15 production and strongly promoted a T helper cell type 1 response. |
| 706 | 10815880 | Ten patients who received the highest dose also received 250 microg/m2 granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as an immunostimulatory adjunct. |
| 707 | 10815880 | PSA levels in 14 of 33 men treated with rV-PSA with or without GM-CSF were stable for at least 6 months after primary immunization. |
| 708 | 10830715 | Antitumoral vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-12-expressing DHD/K12 colon adenocarcinoma cells. |
| 709 | 10830715 | In this study, we induced an antitumoral immune response with murine interleukin-12 (mIL-12) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting tumor cells in a model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. |
| 710 | 10830715 | Intraperitoneal injection of DHD/K12 tumoral cells engineered to produce IL-12 or GM-CSF did not generate any tumors, whereas untransduced DHD/K12 cells gave rise to peritoneal carcinomatosis. |
| 711 | 10830715 | Our results demonstrated that intraperitoneal vaccination with IL-12- or GM-CSF-expressing adenocarcinoma cells induced a systemic immune antitumoral response that may be useful as an adjuvant therapy after surgical resection of colorectal cancer. |
| 712 | 10830715 | Antitumoral vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-12-expressing DHD/K12 colon adenocarcinoma cells. |
| 713 | 10830715 | In this study, we induced an antitumoral immune response with murine interleukin-12 (mIL-12) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting tumor cells in a model of peritoneal carcinomatosis. |
| 714 | 10830715 | Intraperitoneal injection of DHD/K12 tumoral cells engineered to produce IL-12 or GM-CSF did not generate any tumors, whereas untransduced DHD/K12 cells gave rise to peritoneal carcinomatosis. |
| 715 | 10830715 | Our results demonstrated that intraperitoneal vaccination with IL-12- or GM-CSF-expressing adenocarcinoma cells induced a systemic immune antitumoral response that may be useful as an adjuvant therapy after surgical resection of colorectal cancer. |
| 716 | 10838666 | Generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells from patients with renal cell cancer: modulation of their functional properties after therapy with biological response modifiers (IFN-alpha plus IL-2 and IL-12). |
| 717 | 10838666 | The combination of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) plus interleukin (IL-2) has been accepted in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (MRCC), whereas vaccines based on IL-12 or dendritic cells (DCs) are still being investigated. |
| 718 | 10838666 | Eight and 13 MRCC patients received IL-2 plus IFN-alpha or IL-12 immunotherapy, respectively. |
| 719 | 10838666 | The adherent fraction of mononuclear cells from patients' blood drawn before, during, and after immunotherapy was incubated in clinically approved culture medium supplemented with 5% autologous serum, rhu granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and rhuIL-4 for a week. |
| 720 | 10838666 | Morphologic and phenotypical analyses revealed immature DCs with low levels of CD1a or CD83 expression throughout therapy with BRMs. |
| 721 | 10838666 | IL-12 expression levels under IFN-gamma and CD40L stimulation were significantly lower in MDDC cultures from patients with MRCC compared with healthy volunteers. |
| 722 | 10841077 | For example, coadministration of costimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86), proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1alpha [IL-1alpha], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta), Th1 cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10), and granulocytes-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with DNA vaccine constructs leads to modulation of the magnitude and direction (humoral or cellular) of the immune responses. |
| 723 | 10841077 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we compared the induction and regulation of immune responses from the codelivery of chemokine (IL-8, interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 [gammaIP-10], macrophage inhibitory protein-1alpha [MIP-1alpha], and RANTES) genes with codelivery of cytokine genes. |
| 724 | 10841077 | We observed that coimmunization with IL-8, gammaIP-10, and MIP-1alpha genes increased the antibody response. |
| 725 | 10841077 | We also found that coinjection with IL-8, gammaIP-10, and RANTES resulted in a dramatic enhancement of T helper (Th) proliferation response. |
| 726 | 10841077 | This enhancement of CTL responses observed from the coinjection with RANTES was CD8+ T cell dependent. |
| 727 | 10850386 | Injection of DNA encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor recruits dendritic cells for immune adjuvant effects. |
| 728 | 10850386 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a growth factor for myeloid progenitors of monocytes and dendritic cells (DC), which upon maturation are antigen-presenting cells (APC). |
| 729 | 10850386 | Peptide immunization at skin sites containing epidermal DC newly recruited by GM-CSF DNA elicited T-cell responses against mutant p53, whereas peptide immunization of control skin sites did not elicit any detectable T-cell responses. |
| 730 | 10850386 | Likewise, generation of antibodies following immunization with DNA encoding human gp75TRP1, a tyrosinase family member expressed by melanomas, was accelerated and protection from tumor challenge augmented by GM-CSF DNA. |
| 731 | 10850386 | Injection of DNA encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor recruits dendritic cells for immune adjuvant effects. |
| 732 | 10850386 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a growth factor for myeloid progenitors of monocytes and dendritic cells (DC), which upon maturation are antigen-presenting cells (APC). |
| 733 | 10850386 | Peptide immunization at skin sites containing epidermal DC newly recruited by GM-CSF DNA elicited T-cell responses against mutant p53, whereas peptide immunization of control skin sites did not elicit any detectable T-cell responses. |
| 734 | 10850386 | Likewise, generation of antibodies following immunization with DNA encoding human gp75TRP1, a tyrosinase family member expressed by melanomas, was accelerated and protection from tumor challenge augmented by GM-CSF DNA. |
| 735 | 10866317 | Differences in dendritic cells stimulated in vivo by tumors engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or Flt3-ligand. |
| 736 | 10866317 | Both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and flt3-ligand (FL) induce the development of dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 737 | 10866317 | DCs generated by GM-CSF were CD8alpha- and expressed higher levels of B7-1 and CD1d than DCs cells generated by FL. |
| 738 | 10866317 | Differences in dendritic cells stimulated in vivo by tumors engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or Flt3-ligand. |
| 739 | 10866317 | Both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and flt3-ligand (FL) induce the development of dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 740 | 10866317 | DCs generated by GM-CSF were CD8alpha- and expressed higher levels of B7-1 and CD1d than DCs cells generated by FL. |
| 741 | 10869769 | Co-injection of an expression cassette for the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increased both the humoral and cell-mediated immune response with both gD and DeltagD. |
| 742 | 10869769 | A strong activation of IL-4-secreting cells was observed in the spleen and DLN together with an increase in the number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells. |
| 743 | 10873070 | Patients were injected intradermally with short-term cultured autologous irradiated tumor cells, admixed with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, to stimulate draining LNs. |
| 744 | 10874214 | The T cells of seven HLA-A31( +) patients with gastric cancers were stimulated in vitro by F4.2-pulsed autologous dendritic cells which had been induced from peripheral blood of each patient by incubation in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4. |
| 745 | 10880017 | Allogeneic vaccination was not effective in another model, against the B16F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice, irrespective of genetic modification with the IL-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor genes. |
| 746 | 10880241 | Repeated subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (recGM-CSF) for 4-5 days can enrich an immunization site with antigen-presenting cells (APC), which has been correlated with improved immune responses in experimental and clinical studies. |
| 747 | 10892997 | The use of plasmids expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor (GM-CSF) in conjunction with pcDNA-ORF2 enhanced the antibody responses generated by pORF-2. |
| 748 | 10910140 | Helper virus-free herpes simplex virus type 1 amplicon vectors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-enhanced vaccination therapy for experimental glioma. |
| 749 | 10910140 | Subcutaneous vaccination therapy with glioma cells, which are retrovirally transduced to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), has previously proven effective in C57BL/6 mice harboring intracerebral GL261 gliomas. |
| 750 | 10910140 | Helper virus-free herpes simplex virus type 1 amplicon vectors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-enhanced vaccination therapy for experimental glioma. |
| 751 | 10910140 | Subcutaneous vaccination therapy with glioma cells, which are retrovirally transduced to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), has previously proven effective in C57BL/6 mice harboring intracerebral GL261 gliomas. |
| 752 | 10915850 | Monocytes (Mo) were isolated by leukapheresis from 12 donors, purified by elutriation and then cultured for 6 days in sealed bags in AIM-V serum free medium with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-13 (IL-13). |
| 753 | 10915850 | Cells displayed a characteristic iDC phenotype (CD1a(+), CD14(-), CD80(+), CD86(+), HLA DR(+), CD83(-)), and had potent allogeneic and antigen dependent autologous T cell-stimulatory capacity. |
| 754 | 10915850 | Moreover, iDC could be further differentiated into mature DC by CD40 ligation as assessed by CD83 expression and the upregulation of HLA-DR and costimulatory molecules. |
| 755 | 10916759 | Phase 1 study in patients with metastatic melanoma of immunization with dendritic cells presenting epitopes derived from the melanoma-associated antigens MART-1 and gp100. |
| 756 | 10916759 | Furthermore, DC-like function can be elicited from peripheral blood monocytes cultured in vitro with interleukin-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 757 | 10916759 | The DCs were generated by 5- to 7-day incubation in interleukin-4 (1,000 U/mL) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1,000 U/mL) of peripheral blood monocytes obtained by leukapheresis. |
| 758 | 10916759 | Before administration, the DCs were pulsed separately with the HLA-A*0201-associated melanoma epitopes MART-1(27-35) and gp-100-209-2M. |
| 759 | 10916759 | Phase 1 study in patients with metastatic melanoma of immunization with dendritic cells presenting epitopes derived from the melanoma-associated antigens MART-1 and gp100. |
| 760 | 10916759 | Furthermore, DC-like function can be elicited from peripheral blood monocytes cultured in vitro with interleukin-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 761 | 10916759 | The DCs were generated by 5- to 7-day incubation in interleukin-4 (1,000 U/mL) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (1,000 U/mL) of peripheral blood monocytes obtained by leukapheresis. |
| 762 | 10916759 | Before administration, the DCs were pulsed separately with the HLA-A*0201-associated melanoma epitopes MART-1(27-35) and gp-100-209-2M. |
| 763 | 10931381 | Here, we describe a culture system for the generation of murine dendritic cells from adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells by culturing in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 764 | 10940916 | Investigations of the mechanism of protection revealed that gammadelta(+) T cells can generate antiviral factors, RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta which can prevent SIV infection by binding to the CCR5 coreceptors. |
| 765 | 10940916 | Up-regulation of gammadelta(+) T cells was demonstrated by immunization of macaques with heat shock protein (HSP)70 linked to peptides and with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 766 | 10940916 | This was confirmed by in vitro studies showing that GM-CSF can up-regulate gammadelta(+) T cells from macaques immunized with HSP-linked peptides but not those from naive animals. |
| 767 | 10941828 | However, CD1a, b, and c (group 1 CD1 molecules) are not present at significant levels on circulating monocytes unless their expression is induced by cytokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 768 | 10941828 | In vitro, antigen-triggered expression of these molecules was mediated by GM-CSF, since neutralization of this cytokine with specific antibody totally abrogated CD1a, b, and c expression. |
| 769 | 10941828 | In contrast to the group 1 CD1 molecules, CD1d was found to be constitutively expressed on the majority of circulating monocytes and B lymphocytes prior to immunization. |
| 770 | 10941828 | There was no effect of antigenic stimulation with tetanus toxoid on the cell surface expression of CD1d, suggesting major differences in regulation of the expression and function of the different CD1 molecules in humans. |
| 771 | 10941828 | Altogether our results point to antigen-driven up-regulation of CD1a, b, and c expression on human monocytes that is mediated by GM-CSF and no effect on CD1d expression. |
| 772 | 10942373 | Lentiviral vectors for efficient delivery of CD80 and granulocyte-macrophage- colony-stimulating factor in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia cells to induce antileukemic immune responses. |
| 773 | 10942373 | In this study, second-generation lentiviral vectors derived from human immunodeficiency virus 1 were evaluated, with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter driving expression of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD80 in separate vectors or in a bicistronic vector. |
| 774 | 10942373 | This stimulation was specifically blocked with monoclonal antibodies reactive against CD80 or by recombinant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin fusion protein. |
| 775 | 10942373 | Lentiviral vectors for efficient delivery of CD80 and granulocyte-macrophage- colony-stimulating factor in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia cells to induce antileukemic immune responses. |
| 776 | 10942373 | In this study, second-generation lentiviral vectors derived from human immunodeficiency virus 1 were evaluated, with the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter driving expression of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CD80 in separate vectors or in a bicistronic vector. |
| 777 | 10942373 | This stimulation was specifically blocked with monoclonal antibodies reactive against CD80 or by recombinant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin fusion protein. |
| 778 | 10950151 | Cancer cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer as vaccines for the treatment of genitourinary malignancies. |
| 779 | 10950151 | When irradiated and administered intradermally as vaccines, cancer cells engineered to secrete high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by gene transfer elicit potent anticancer immune responses in a variety of animal tumor models. |
| 780 | 10950151 | Cancer cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer as vaccines for the treatment of genitourinary malignancies. |
| 781 | 10950151 | When irradiated and administered intradermally as vaccines, cancer cells engineered to secrete high levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by gene transfer elicit potent anticancer immune responses in a variety of animal tumor models. |
| 782 | 10950152 | Progress reports on immune gene therapy for stage IV renal cell cancer using lethally irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced autologous renal cancer cells. |
| 783 | 10950152 | Based on the results of animal studies, vaccination using autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced renal cancer cells appears promising. |
| 784 | 10950152 | Progress reports on immune gene therapy for stage IV renal cell cancer using lethally irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced autologous renal cancer cells. |
| 785 | 10950152 | Based on the results of animal studies, vaccination using autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced renal cancer cells appears promising. |
| 786 | 10953979 | Upon culture with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin-4 (IL-4) plus tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), CMML cells develop DC morphology and acquire the phenotypic characteristics of DCs. |
| 787 | 10954571 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor priming plus papillomavirus E6 DNA vaccination: effects on papilloma formation and regression in the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus--rabbit model. |
| 788 | 10954571 | A cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) E6 DNA vaccine that induces significant protection against CRPV challenge was used in a superior vaccination regimen in which the cutaneous sites of vaccination were primed with an expression vector encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that induces differentiation and local recruitment of professional antigen-presenting cells. |
| 789 | 10954571 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor priming plus papillomavirus E6 DNA vaccination: effects on papilloma formation and regression in the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus--rabbit model. |
| 790 | 10954571 | A cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) E6 DNA vaccine that induces significant protection against CRPV challenge was used in a superior vaccination regimen in which the cutaneous sites of vaccination were primed with an expression vector encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a cytokine that induces differentiation and local recruitment of professional antigen-presenting cells. |
| 791 | 10992493 | The percentage of survivor mice was higher in DNA-immunized mice than in animals immunized with a recombinant rPcMSP1(19)- glutathione S-transferase fusion protein administered in Freund adjuvant. |
| 792 | 10992493 | The coinjection of Th1-type cytokine-expressing plasmids (gamma interferon, interleukin-2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) mostly abolished protection and boosting of MSP1(19)-specific antibodies. |
| 793 | 10999156 | Effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor on hepatitis-B vaccination in haemodialysis patients. |
| 794 | 11012616 | It has been detected in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial membrane and found to stimulate the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in vitro. |
| 795 | 11012616 | We therefore investigated the in vitro IL-17 response to a variety of mitogens and antigens, and compared the IL-17 response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-4, IL-10 and TNF-alpha. |
| 796 | 11012616 | The antigens TT and PPD significantly increased IL-17 mRNA expression over time, but failed to have such an effect at the protein level. |
| 797 | 11012616 | IL-17 production did not correlate with either the type-1 cytokine IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha or the type-2 cytokine IL-4 or IL-10 at either the mRNA or protein level. |
| 798 | 11023201 | The main goals of this study were to examine determinants of the gene transfer by using DISC virus for squamous cancer and to evaluate the antitumoral efficacy of vaccination with tumor cells modified by DISC viruses carrying a combination of immunomodulatory genes (interleukin-2 (IL-2), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), B7-1) in a model of squamous cell cancer (SCCVII) in C3H/HeJ mice. |
| 799 | 11023201 | SCCVII cells transduced by DISC viruses (multiplicity of infection of 10) carrying the IL-2 or GM-CSF gene produced nanogram quantities of IL-2 or GM-CSF per 10(6) cells. |
| 800 | 11023201 | Irradiated (5,000 cGy, 10,000 cGy) cells secreted levels of GM-CSF or IL-2 that were comparable with nonirradiated cells. |
| 801 | 11034382 | Plasmid vaccine expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor attracts infiltrates including immature dendritic cells into injected muscles. |
| 802 | 11085581 | Macaque fibrocytes displayed the characteristic cellular morphology and stained positive for CD34 and collagen, as observed in human and murine fibrocytes. |
| 803 | 11085581 | Macaque DCs were generated from monocytes by culturing in granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 804 | 11091734 | The aim of this study was to examine the enhancement of antitumor immunity of irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced mouse breast cancer cells. |
| 805 | 11106257 | Induction of antitumor immunity with combination of HER2/neu DNA vaccine and interleukin 2 gene-modified tumor vaccine. |
| 806 | 11106257 | Cytokine-secreting MBT-2 cells were obtained by infecting cells with retroviral particles containing interleukin (IL) 2-, IL-4-, or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expression vector. |
| 807 | 11106257 | MBT-2-IL-2, -IL-4, and -GM-CSF cells were killed by irradiation and tested as tumor vaccines. |
| 808 | 11106257 | On the other hand, irradiated MBT-2-IL-4 and MBT-2-GM-CSF cells were less effective. |
| 809 | 11106257 | Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor infiltrate revealed massive increase of CD4+ lymphoid cells in the group of mice treated with both DNA vaccine and IL-2-secreted tumor vaccine. |
| 810 | 11106257 | The results indicate the combination of DNA vaccine and IL-2-secreting tumor vaccine can additionally improve therapeutic efficacy, and the efficacy is correlated with the increase of CD4+ T lymphocytes and anti-neu antibody. |
| 811 | 11122109 | In these five patients, detection of cytokines by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was the most abundant cytokine gene expressed by the T cells that recognized the autologous tumour B cells. |
| 812 | 11122109 | Other activated cytokine genes were gamma-interferon (IFN), interleukin (IL)-2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not IL-4. |
| 813 | 11122109 | CD80 and CD54 were relatively downregulated on the native tumour B cells compared with control normal B cells. |
| 814 | 11122109 | CD80 and CD54 monoclonal antibodies inhibited the specific T-cell DNA synthesis proliferation. |
| 815 | 11122109 | The specific cytokine gene expression could be found in isolated CD4, as well as CD8, T-cell subsets. |
| 816 | 11122109 | This study demonstrated the presence of a potential natural specific CD4, as well as a CD8 type 1 T-cell immunity against the leukaemic CLL tumour B cells in CLL. |
| 817 | 11122456 | Polymophonuclear cells (PMN) of healthy donors do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens or the T-cell costimulatory molecules CD80 or CD86. |
| 818 | 11122456 | We now report that, by culturing PMN of healthy donors with autologous serum, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), de novo synthesis of MHC class II, CD80 and CD86 could be induced. |
| 819 | 11122456 | MHC class II-positive PMN acquired the capacity to present staphylococcus enterotoxin to peripheral T cells, apparent as induction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) synthesis and proliferation of the T cells. |
| 820 | 11134207 | Novel allogeneic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor vaccine for pancreatic cancer: a phase I trial of safety and immune activation. |
| 821 | 11150901 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor has been shown to enhance peptide-specific immune reactions by amplification of dermal antigen-presenting dendritic cells. |
| 822 | 11155821 | Vaccination with a mixed vaccine of autogenous and allogeneic breast cancer cells and tumor associated antigens CA15-3, CEA and CA125--results in immune and clinical responses in breast cancer patients. |
| 823 | 11155821 | In this study, we used a multi-antigen vaccine, which included the following antigens: autologous breast cancer cells (AUTOC), allogeneic breast cancer MCF-7 cells (ALLOC), and the tumor associated antigens CA15-3, CEA and CA125, plus low doses of granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 2 (IL-2). |
| 824 | 11155821 | Their lymphocyte proliferative responses to AUTOC, ALLOC, CA15-3, CEA and CA125 were tested in lymphocyte blastogenesis assays (LBA) before and after vaccination. |
| 825 | 11155821 | The disease stage and serum CA15-3, CEA and CA125 concentrations were also determined pre- and post-vaccination. |
| 826 | 11155821 | The vaccine induced a significant increase in post-vaccination lymphocyte proliferative responses to AUTOC, CA15-3, CEA and CA125 but not ALLOC, compared to pre-vaccination (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p > 0.05, respectively, a paired t Test). |
| 827 | 11155821 | We did not find vaccination significantly reduced serum tumor markers CA15-3, CEA and CA125 of these breast cancer patients. |
| 828 | 11155821 | These results suggest that the vaccine mixture of autologous and allogeneic breast cancer cells and tumor associated antigens plus GM-CSF and IL-2 can be administered safely to breast cancer patients and there is evidence for improved immunity and clinical efficacy. |
| 829 | 11164109 | To optimize antigen pulsing of DCs, we investigated mechanisms of antigen uptake and evaluated various laboratory parameters including class of myeloma protein, antigen exposure time, and DC maturational stage.DCs were generated by culturing peripheral blood stem cells from myeloma patients in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 830 | 11196155 | We have tested a novel treatment strategy to stimulate specific antitumor activity against a solid tumor after BMT by vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 831 | 11196163 | Recombinant avian poxviruses [fowlpox and canarypox (ALVAC)], restricted for replication in nonavian cell substrates and expressing granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (avipox-GM-CSF), were evaluated for their ability to enrich an immunization site with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and, in turn, function as biological vaccine adjuvants. |
| 832 | 11196163 | The coadministration of recombinant avipox viruses expressing CEA and GM-CSF significantly enhanced CEA-specific host immunity with an accompanying immunotherapeutic response in tumor-bearing CEA.Tg mice. |
| 833 | 11196163 | Nonetheless, the present findings demonstrate: (a) the effective delivery of GM-CSF to an immunization site using a recombinant avian poxvirus; (b) the compatibility of delivering an antigen and GM-CSF in replication-defective viruses to enhance antigen-specific immunity; and (c) the combined use of recombinant avipox viruses expressing CEA and GM-CSF to generate antitumor immunity directed at a self tumor antigen. |
| 834 | 11211145 | Semiallogeneic cancer vaccines formulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for patients with metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: a pilot phase I study. |
| 835 | 11211145 | The authors report the results of a phase I clinical study using semiallogeneic cancer vaccines formulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to treat patients with metastatic adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. |
| 836 | 11211145 | Semiallogeneic cancer vaccines formulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor for patients with metastatic gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: a pilot phase I study. |
| 837 | 11211145 | The authors report the results of a phase I clinical study using semiallogeneic cancer vaccines formulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to treat patients with metastatic adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract. |
| 838 | 11228391 | Plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and CD154 enhance the immune response to genetic vaccines. |
| 839 | 11228391 | We examined whether plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (pGM-CSF) or CD40-ligand (pCD40L) could modify the immune response to antigen encoded by co-injected plasmid DNA. |
| 840 | 11228391 | We conclude that plasmids encoding GM-CSF and CD154 are particularly effective genetic adjuvants when used together to enhance the humoral and cellular immune response to a plasmid-encoded antigen. |
| 841 | 11228391 | Plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and CD154 enhance the immune response to genetic vaccines. |
| 842 | 11228391 | We examined whether plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (pGM-CSF) or CD40-ligand (pCD40L) could modify the immune response to antigen encoded by co-injected plasmid DNA. |
| 843 | 11228391 | We conclude that plasmids encoding GM-CSF and CD154 are particularly effective genetic adjuvants when used together to enhance the humoral and cellular immune response to a plasmid-encoded antigen. |
| 844 | 11233801 | Bacillus Calmette-Guerin down-regulates CD1b induction by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in human peripheral blood monocytes. |
| 845 | 11233801 | Since vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has limited efficacy, the influence of viable BCG organisms on the induction of CD1b antigen by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been tested in adherent mononuclear cells obtained from peripheral blood of healthy donors. |
| 846 | 11233801 | The results indicate that the vaccine reduces substantially CD1b induction by GM-CSF. |
| 847 | 11233801 | Attempts to reverse the antagonistic effects of BCG on GM-CSF with high concentrations of GM-CSF, alone, or associated with IL-4, were unsuccessful. |
| 848 | 11233801 | Bacillus Calmette-Guerin down-regulates CD1b induction by granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor in human peripheral blood monocytes. |
| 849 | 11233801 | Since vaccination with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has limited efficacy, the influence of viable BCG organisms on the induction of CD1b antigen by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been tested in adherent mononuclear cells obtained from peripheral blood of healthy donors. |
| 850 | 11233801 | The results indicate that the vaccine reduces substantially CD1b induction by GM-CSF. |
| 851 | 11233801 | Attempts to reverse the antagonistic effects of BCG on GM-CSF with high concentrations of GM-CSF, alone, or associated with IL-4, were unsuccessful. |
| 852 | 11236031 | Phase I trials of these peptides combined with the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as a part of therapy in patients with HER-2-positive cancers have shown minimal local toxicity, along with enhanced helper T-cell activity and antibody production in patients with minimal disease. |
| 853 | 11249735 | The toxicology and immunopharmacology of therapeutic cancer vaccines, particularly those that secrete granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), are currently under active clinical investigation. |
| 854 | 11260324 | In order to address this issue a murine melanoma cell line (K1735) was transfected to secrete interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-7 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); cytokines currently in use in trials. |
| 855 | 11260324 | Anti-tumour cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity was detected in both models but did not correlate well with protection, whilst in vitro anti-tumour interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion tended to be higher following the GM-CSF-secreting vaccine. |
| 856 | 11267967 | We have found evidence of the anti-tumor effects of 3 major lymphocyte-specific chemokines, secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC), EBI-1-ligand chemokine (ELC) and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha, in murine models (Meth A fibrosarcoma and HM-1 ovarian tumor). |
| 857 | 11267967 | In both naive and immunized mice, tumors expressing SLC, ELC or SDF-1alpha showed delayed progression compared with control tumors. |
| 858 | 11267967 | In mice immunized with tumor cells expressing 1 of these 3 chemokine genes, challenge with parental tumor cells resulted in slightly slower progression than in control mice, while in mice immunized with tumor cells transfected to co-express IL-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as these chemokines, all tumors regressed. |
| 859 | 11267967 | These findings show that SLC, ELC and SDF-1alpha enhance anti-tumor immunity both systemically and locally and that these chemokines may be clinically useful, especially when combined with IL-2 and GM-CSF. |
| 860 | 11291084 | Intradermal ras peptide vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant: Clinical and immunological responses in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. |
| 861 | 11291084 | We present data from a clinical phase I/II trial involving patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas vaccinated by i.d. injection of synthetic mutant ras peptides in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 862 | 11291084 | Intradermal ras peptide vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant: Clinical and immunological responses in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. |
| 863 | 11291084 | We present data from a clinical phase I/II trial involving patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas vaccinated by i.d. injection of synthetic mutant ras peptides in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 864 | 11300483 | Activation of these T cells was indicated by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12 and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor, as well as specific tumor rejection and growth suppression in vaccinated CEA-transgenic mice after a lethal challenge with murine MC38 colon carcinoma cells. |
| 865 | 11300483 | These tumor cells were double transfected with CEA and the human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM)/KSA and consequently served as a docking site for a recombinant antibody-IL2 fusion protein (KS1/4-IL2) recognizing KSA. |
| 866 | 11300483 | Importantly, the efficacy of the tumor-protective immune response was markedly increased by boosts with this antibody-IL2 fusion protein, resulting in more effective tumor rejection coupled with increased expression of costimulatory molecules B7.2/B7.2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on dendritic cells and intensified release of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-12, and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor from T cells of successfully vaccinated CEA-transgenic C57BL/6J mice. |
| 867 | 11300483 | Increased T-cell activation mediated by boosts with KS1/4-IL2 fusion protein after tumor cell challenge was further indicated by expanded expression of T-cell activation markers CD25, CD28, CD69, and LFA-1. |
| 868 | 11300483 | Activation of these T cells was indicated by increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12 and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor, as well as specific tumor rejection and growth suppression in vaccinated CEA-transgenic mice after a lethal challenge with murine MC38 colon carcinoma cells. |
| 869 | 11300483 | These tumor cells were double transfected with CEA and the human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM)/KSA and consequently served as a docking site for a recombinant antibody-IL2 fusion protein (KS1/4-IL2) recognizing KSA. |
| 870 | 11300483 | Importantly, the efficacy of the tumor-protective immune response was markedly increased by boosts with this antibody-IL2 fusion protein, resulting in more effective tumor rejection coupled with increased expression of costimulatory molecules B7.2/B7.2 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on dendritic cells and intensified release of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma, IL-12, and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor from T cells of successfully vaccinated CEA-transgenic C57BL/6J mice. |
| 871 | 11300483 | Increased T-cell activation mediated by boosts with KS1/4-IL2 fusion protein after tumor cell challenge was further indicated by expanded expression of T-cell activation markers CD25, CD28, CD69, and LFA-1. |
| 872 | 11303147 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a primary growth factor for DCs in vitro, but recently it was recognized that other factors including flt3 ligand (FL) and G-CSF expand various DC subsets in vivo. |
| 873 | 11309346 | Effective particle-mediated vaccination against mouse melanoma by coadministration of plasmid DNA encoding Gp100 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 874 | 11309346 | Mice were immunized with a plasmid cDNA coding for the human melanoma-associated antigen, gp100. |
| 875 | 11309346 | Co-delivery of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression plasmid together with the gp100 plasmid consistently resulted in a greater level of protection from tumor challenge. |
| 876 | 11309346 | The inclusion of the GM-CSF plasmid with the gp100 DNA vaccine allowed a reduction in the gp100 plasmid dose required for antitumor efficacy. |
| 877 | 11309346 | Tumor protection induced by the gp100 + GM-CSF gene combination was T cell mediated, because it was abrogated in vaccinated mice treated with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies. |
| 878 | 11309346 | In addition, administration of the gp100 + GM-CSF DNA vaccine to mice bearing established 7-day tumors resulted in significant suppression of tumor growth. |
| 879 | 11309346 | These results indicate that inclusion of GM-CSF DNA augments the efficacy of particle-mediated vaccination with gp100 DNA, and this form of combined gp100 + GM-CSF DNA vaccine warrants clinical evaluation in melanoma patients. |
| 880 | 11309346 | Effective particle-mediated vaccination against mouse melanoma by coadministration of plasmid DNA encoding Gp100 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 881 | 11309346 | Mice were immunized with a plasmid cDNA coding for the human melanoma-associated antigen, gp100. |
| 882 | 11309346 | Co-delivery of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression plasmid together with the gp100 plasmid consistently resulted in a greater level of protection from tumor challenge. |
| 883 | 11309346 | The inclusion of the GM-CSF plasmid with the gp100 DNA vaccine allowed a reduction in the gp100 plasmid dose required for antitumor efficacy. |
| 884 | 11309346 | Tumor protection induced by the gp100 + GM-CSF gene combination was T cell mediated, because it was abrogated in vaccinated mice treated with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 monoclonal antibodies. |
| 885 | 11309346 | In addition, administration of the gp100 + GM-CSF DNA vaccine to mice bearing established 7-day tumors resulted in significant suppression of tumor growth. |
| 886 | 11309346 | These results indicate that inclusion of GM-CSF DNA augments the efficacy of particle-mediated vaccination with gp100 DNA, and this form of combined gp100 + GM-CSF DNA vaccine warrants clinical evaluation in melanoma patients. |
| 887 | 11313269 | In this study, blasts from 40 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were cultured with combinations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin 4, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and development to DCs was assessed. |
| 888 | 11313269 | After culture, cells from 24 samples exhibited morphological and immunophenotypic features of DCs, including expression of major histocompatibility complex class II, CD1a, CD83, and CD86, and were potent stimulators in an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). |
| 889 | 11321236 | Hepatitis B immunization of healthy elderly adults: relationship between naïve CD4+ T cells and primary immune response and evaluation of GM-CSF as an adjuvant. |
| 890 | 11321236 | The efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to enhance the primary immune response to hepatitis B vaccine was studied in healthy elderly with young volunteers included as controls in this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of GM-CSF as an immune adjuvant. |
| 891 | 11321236 | Using linear regression, age, and percent naive, CD4 T cells were determined to significantly influence the anti-hepatitis B antibody response, but sex and dose of GM-CSF did not. |
| 892 | 11325840 | Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel enhance the antitumor immune response of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor-secreting whole-cell vaccines in HER-2/neu tolerized mice. |
| 893 | 11325840 | We tested immune-modulating doses of chemotherapy in combination with a granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting, HER-2/neu (neu)-expressing whole-cell vaccine as a means to treat existing mammary tumors in antigen-specific tolerized neu transgenic mice. |
| 894 | 11325840 | We found that cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin, when given in a defined sequence with a GM-CSF-secreting, neu-expressing whole-cell vaccine, enhanced the vaccine's potential to delay tumor growth in neu transgenic mice. |
| 895 | 11325840 | Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel enhance the antitumor immune response of granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor-secreting whole-cell vaccines in HER-2/neu tolerized mice. |
| 896 | 11325840 | We tested immune-modulating doses of chemotherapy in combination with a granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting, HER-2/neu (neu)-expressing whole-cell vaccine as a means to treat existing mammary tumors in antigen-specific tolerized neu transgenic mice. |
| 897 | 11325840 | We found that cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin, when given in a defined sequence with a GM-CSF-secreting, neu-expressing whole-cell vaccine, enhanced the vaccine's potential to delay tumor growth in neu transgenic mice. |
| 898 | 11350882 | The influence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and prior chemotherapy on the immunological response to a vaccine (ALVAC-CEA B7.1) in patients with metastatic carcinoma. |
| 899 | 11350882 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to be an effective vaccine adjuvant because it enhances antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells. |
| 900 | 11350882 | After an initial dose escalation phase, this study evaluated vaccination with 4.5 x 10(8) plaque-forming units ALVAC-CEA B7.1 alone (n = 30) or with GM-CSF (n = 30) in patients with advanced CEA-expressing tumors to determine whether the addition of the adjuvant GM-CSF enhances induction of CEA-specific T-cells. |
| 901 | 11350882 | Induction of peripheral blood CEA-specific T-cell precursors was assessed in HLA-A2 positive patients by an ELISPOT assay looking for the production of IFN-gamma. |
| 902 | 11350882 | However, the GM-CSF plus vaccine cohort of HLA-A2 positive did not demonstrate a statistically significant increase in their CEA-specific T-cell precursor frequencies compared with baseline results. |
| 903 | 11350882 | ALVAC-CEA B7.1 is safe in patients with advanced, recurrent adenocarcinomas that express CEA, is associated with the induction of a CEA-specific T-cell response in patients treated with vaccine alone but not with vaccine and GM-CSF, and can lead to disease stabilization for up to 13 months. |
| 904 | 11350882 | The influence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and prior chemotherapy on the immunological response to a vaccine (ALVAC-CEA B7.1) in patients with metastatic carcinoma. |
| 905 | 11350882 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to be an effective vaccine adjuvant because it enhances antigen processing and presentation by dendritic cells. |
| 906 | 11350882 | After an initial dose escalation phase, this study evaluated vaccination with 4.5 x 10(8) plaque-forming units ALVAC-CEA B7.1 alone (n = 30) or with GM-CSF (n = 30) in patients with advanced CEA-expressing tumors to determine whether the addition of the adjuvant GM-CSF enhances induction of CEA-specific T-cells. |
| 907 | 11350882 | Induction of peripheral blood CEA-specific T-cell precursors was assessed in HLA-A2 positive patients by an ELISPOT assay looking for the production of IFN-gamma. |
| 908 | 11350882 | However, the GM-CSF plus vaccine cohort of HLA-A2 positive did not demonstrate a statistically significant increase in their CEA-specific T-cell precursor frequencies compared with baseline results. |
| 909 | 11350882 | ALVAC-CEA B7.1 is safe in patients with advanced, recurrent adenocarcinomas that express CEA, is associated with the induction of a CEA-specific T-cell response in patients treated with vaccine alone but not with vaccine and GM-CSF, and can lead to disease stabilization for up to 13 months. |
| 910 | 11360654 | [The construction and expression of 6B11scFv anti-idiotypic antibody and human granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor in Escherichia coli]. |
| 911 | 11389081 | The studies reported here demonstrate: (a) A recombinant avipox (fowlpox, rF) vector expressing the signal 1 (CEA) and the B7-1 costimulatory molecule transgenes (designated rF-CEA/B7-1) is more potent in inducing CEA-specific T-cell responses than rF-CEA; one administration of recombinant fowlpox vector expressing CEA and three different costimulatory molecule transgenes (B7-1, ICAM-1, LFA-3, designated rF-CEA/TRICOM) was more potent in inducing CEA-specific T-cell responses than four vaccinations with rF-CEA or two vaccinations with rF-CEA/B7-1. |
| 912 | 11389081 | (c) The addition of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to the rF-CEA or rF-CEA/TRICOM vaccinations via the simultaneous administration of a rF-GM-CSF vector enhanced CEA-specific T-cell responses. |
| 913 | 11389081 | These strategies (TRICOM/diversified prime and boost/GM-CSF) were combined to treat CEA-expressing carcinoma liver metastases in CEA-transgenic mice; vaccination was initiated 14 days posttumor transplant. |
| 914 | 11389081 | Antitumor effects in terms of survival and CD8(+) and CD4(+) responses specific for CEA were also observed in this CEA-transgenic mouse model. |
| 915 | 11392678 | Phase II/III studies have evaluated the safety and immunologic effects of immune-based therapies, including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-2, and an inactivated HIV-1 immunogen, as adjuncts to antiretroviral therapy. |
| 916 | 11394497 | Antitumor effect on murine renal cell carcinoma by autologous tumor vaccines genetically modified with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 cells. |
| 917 | 11394497 | The authors evaluted the efficacy of vaccination with murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) secreting the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene for the treatment of Renca tumor. |
| 918 | 11394497 | Murine GM-CSF and murine IL-6 genes were introduced and expressed in Renca cells (Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6). |
| 919 | 11394497 | For a prevaccination study, wild-type Renca cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb/c mice that had been vaccinated three times with inactivated wild-type Renca, Renca-GM-CSF, Renca-IL-6, or a mixture of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 cells 7, 14, and 21 days before this tumor inoculation. |
| 920 | 11394497 | For vaccination experiments, Renca tumor-bearing (8 to 10 mm) mice were injected subcutaneously weekly for 3 weeks with inactivated wild-type Renca cells, or either one or a combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6. |
| 921 | 11394497 | Prevaccination with the combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 prevented subsequently inoculated wild-type Renca from forming tumors, and prevaccination with either one of them, compared with prevaccination with wild-type Renca, retarded tumor growth and prolonged survival time. |
| 922 | 11394497 | Vaccination with Renca-GM-CSF or Renca-IL-6 alone prolonged the survival time, but only Renca-GM-CSF drastically reduced the tumor size. |
| 923 | 11394497 | Antitumor effect on murine renal cell carcinoma by autologous tumor vaccines genetically modified with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-6 cells. |
| 924 | 11394497 | The authors evaluted the efficacy of vaccination with murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) secreting the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene for the treatment of Renca tumor. |
| 925 | 11394497 | Murine GM-CSF and murine IL-6 genes were introduced and expressed in Renca cells (Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6). |
| 926 | 11394497 | For a prevaccination study, wild-type Renca cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb/c mice that had been vaccinated three times with inactivated wild-type Renca, Renca-GM-CSF, Renca-IL-6, or a mixture of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 cells 7, 14, and 21 days before this tumor inoculation. |
| 927 | 11394497 | For vaccination experiments, Renca tumor-bearing (8 to 10 mm) mice were injected subcutaneously weekly for 3 weeks with inactivated wild-type Renca cells, or either one or a combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6. |
| 928 | 11394497 | Prevaccination with the combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 prevented subsequently inoculated wild-type Renca from forming tumors, and prevaccination with either one of them, compared with prevaccination with wild-type Renca, retarded tumor growth and prolonged survival time. |
| 929 | 11394497 | Vaccination with Renca-GM-CSF or Renca-IL-6 alone prolonged the survival time, but only Renca-GM-CSF drastically reduced the tumor size. |
| 930 | 11395635 | Antitumor Effect on Murine Renal Cell Carcinoma by Autologous Tumor Vaccines Genetically Modified with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-6 Cells. |
| 931 | 11395635 | SUMMARY: The authors evaluted the efficacy of vaccination with murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) secreting the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene for the treatment of Renca tumor. |
| 932 | 11395635 | Murine GM-CSF and murine IL-6 genes were introduced and expressed in Renca cells (Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6). |
| 933 | 11395635 | For a prevaccination study, wild-type Renca cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb/c mice that had been vaccinated three times with inactivated wild-type Renca, Renca-GM-CSF, Renca-IL-6, or a mixture of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 cells 7, 14, and 21 days before this tumor inoculation. |
| 934 | 11395635 | For vaccination experiments, Renca tumor-bearing (8 to 10 mm) mice were injected subcutaneously weekly for 3 weeks with inactivated wild-type Renca cells, or either one or a combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6. |
| 935 | 11395635 | Prevaccination with the combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 prevented subsequently inoculated wild-type Renca from forming tumors, and prevaccination with either one of them, compared with prevaccination with wild-type Renca, retarded tumor growth and prolonged survival time. |
| 936 | 11395635 | Vaccination with Renca-GM-CSF or Renca-IL-6 alone prolonged the survival time, but only Renca-GM-CSF drastically reduced the tumor size. |
| 937 | 11395635 | Antitumor Effect on Murine Renal Cell Carcinoma by Autologous Tumor Vaccines Genetically Modified with Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-6 Cells. |
| 938 | 11395635 | SUMMARY: The authors evaluted the efficacy of vaccination with murine renal cell carcinoma (Renca) secreting the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene and interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene for the treatment of Renca tumor. |
| 939 | 11395635 | Murine GM-CSF and murine IL-6 genes were introduced and expressed in Renca cells (Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6). |
| 940 | 11395635 | For a prevaccination study, wild-type Renca cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb/c mice that had been vaccinated three times with inactivated wild-type Renca, Renca-GM-CSF, Renca-IL-6, or a mixture of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 cells 7, 14, and 21 days before this tumor inoculation. |
| 941 | 11395635 | For vaccination experiments, Renca tumor-bearing (8 to 10 mm) mice were injected subcutaneously weekly for 3 weeks with inactivated wild-type Renca cells, or either one or a combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6. |
| 942 | 11395635 | Prevaccination with the combination of Renca-GM-CSF and Renca-IL-6 prevented subsequently inoculated wild-type Renca from forming tumors, and prevaccination with either one of them, compared with prevaccination with wild-type Renca, retarded tumor growth and prolonged survival time. |
| 943 | 11395635 | Vaccination with Renca-GM-CSF or Renca-IL-6 alone prolonged the survival time, but only Renca-GM-CSF drastically reduced the tumor size. |
| 944 | 11396991 | Expression and release of stable and active forms of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) targeted to different subcellular compartments. |
| 945 | 11396991 | The murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) is one of the most promising cytokine candidates for cancer immunotherapy and as an adjuvant of DNA vaccines. |
| 946 | 11396991 | Expression and release of stable and active forms of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) targeted to different subcellular compartments. |
| 947 | 11396991 | The murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) is one of the most promising cytokine candidates for cancer immunotherapy and as an adjuvant of DNA vaccines. |
| 948 | 11413383 | Additional experiments suggested that the antibody response to FMDV proteins was improved by the co-administration of a plasmid encoding porcine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 949 | 11431420 | The ability of cytokines to steer CD4(+) T(h) cell responses toward a T(h)1 or T(h)2 phenotype and enhance the magnitude of both CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and antibody responses has clearly been demonstrated by our lab and others, but the influence of cytokines on protective immune responses is much less clear. |
| 950 | 11431420 | Here we show an essential role for CD4(+) T(h)1 helper cell induction and IFN-gamma production in protection from viral challenge with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing HIV-1MN viral envelope glycoprotein gp160. |
| 951 | 11431420 | Complete protection from viral challenge is achieved only when the triple combination of exogenous cytokines granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are co-administered with the peptide vaccine. |
| 952 | 11431420 | In vivo depletion of CD4(+) cells or immunization of IFN-gamma-deficient mice abrogates protection. |
| 953 | 11431420 | GM-CSF, IL-12 and TNF-alpha also synergize for the enhanced induction of CTL; however, adoptive transfer of a CD8(+) CTL line afforded only partial protection in this viral challenge model. |
| 954 | 11431420 | We further demonstrate synergy between IL-12 and the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha in driving IFN-gamma production. |
| 955 | 11431420 | Thus, a combination of IL-12 and TNF-alpha is essential for the optimal development of T(h)1 responses and help for CTL induction in BALB/c mice, and is complemented by a third cytokine, GM-CSF, which enhances antigen presentation. |
| 956 | 11457549 | Murine interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were chosen for their potential ability to enhance the humoral and cellular immune responses involved in protection against BVDV. |
| 957 | 11477558 | Our data showed that phagocytosis of apoptotic/necrotic tumor cells resulted in maturation of DCs with up-regulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor], chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and MIP-2), the CC chemokine receptor CCR7 and the cell surface molecules (MHC class II, CD11b, CD40 and CD86), and down-regulated expression of the CC chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5. |
| 958 | 11509946 | To provide a means for comparing strategies for cytokine gene therapy against intracranial (i.c.) tumors, we generated rat gliosarcoma 9L cells transfected with interleukin-4 (9L-IL4), interleukin-12 (9L-IL12), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (9L-GMCSF) or interferon-alpha (9L-IFNalpha). |
| 959 | 11514604 | We have previously shown that small B16 melanomas can be successfully treated using a combination of anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 monoclonal antibody with a granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) producing irradiated tumor cell vaccine. |
| 960 | 11514604 | Analysis of the response in successfully treated mice revealed elevated levels of CD8(+) T cells specific for a nonameric peptide consisting of residues 180-188 of the melanocyte differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)2. |
| 961 | 11514604 | There was no evidence of reactivity to the melanocyte antigens gp100, tyrosinase, Mart1/MelanA, or TRP1. |
| 962 | 11514604 | In particular, if mice received a prophylactic vaccine consisting of anti-CTLA-4 and B16-GM-CSF before tumor challenge, full protection was obtained even in the absence of CD8(+) T cells. |
| 963 | 11529939 | We found that Murabutide triggers immunophenotypic changes as upon treatment, iDCs up-regulate the surface expression of the major histocompatibility complex type II molecule human leucocyte antigen-DR, the co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and CD40 and the differentiation marker CD83, and down-regulate the expression of the mannose receptor. |
| 964 | 11529939 | Furthermore, in the presence of Murabutide, DCs transiently increased the release of macrophage inhibitory protein-1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-10, whereas the enhanced production of macrophage-colony stimulating factor was sustained over the 3-day period analysed. |
| 965 | 11533211 | The presented data demonstrate that recombinant AAV (rAAV) can efficiently transduce MOs as well as DCs generated by MO culture with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin in vitro. rAAV transgene expression in MO-derived DCs could be enhanced by etoposide, previously reported to enhance AAV gene expression. rAAV transduction of freshly purified MO followed by 7 days of culture with cytokines to generate DCs, and subsequent sorting for coexpression of DC markers CD1a and CD40, showed robust transgene expression as well as evidence of nuclear localization of the rAAV genome in the DC population. |
| 966 | 11552998 | Efficient ex vivo generation of dendritic cells from CD14+ blood monocytes in the presence of human serum albumin for use in clinical vaccine trials. |
| 967 | 11552998 | Using human serum albumin (HSA), we devised a constant and reproducible culture method for DC generation from peripheral blood CD14+ cells. |
| 968 | 11552998 | The number of DC obtained with 2% HSA-supplemented cultures containing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4 were consistently higher than in cultures with various concentrations of autologous plasma or serum. |
| 969 | 11556131 | The results revealed that autovaccines were able to modulate significantly the release of three potent immunoregulatory cytokines e.g. interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-1 beta, whereas specific humoral immunity remained largely unaffected. |
| 970 | 11565958 | We have previously demonstrated in a murine lung metastasis model that local sublethal radiation of tumors can synergistically enhance their sensitivity to immunotherapy with either systemic high-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) or vaccination with autologous tumor cells expressing IL-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 971 | 11567744 | Co-administration of the DNA vaccine with cytokine expression plasmids of IL-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) by this new method raised the levels of both the HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and facilitated the induction of substantial immune responses by DNA vaccine. |
| 972 | 11578512 | A human ovarian carcinoma cell line (UCI-107) was genetically engineered to secrete the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), by retroviral medicated gene transduction. |
| 973 | 11578512 | Like the parental cell line UCI-107, UCI-107M GM-CSF-MPS cells expressed MHC class I and Her2/Neu surface antigens but did not express detectable MHC class II, ICAM-1 or CA-125. |
| 974 | 11685084 | Sustained Release of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor From a Modular Peptide-Based Cancer Vaccine Alters Vaccine Microenvironment and Enhances the Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response. |
| 975 | 11685084 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was associated with an increased inflammatory infiltrate at the vaccine site and enhanced dendritic cell activation. |
| 976 | 11685084 | Sustained Release of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor From a Modular Peptide-Based Cancer Vaccine Alters Vaccine Microenvironment and Enhances the Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response. |
| 977 | 11685084 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was associated with an increased inflammatory infiltrate at the vaccine site and enhanced dendritic cell activation. |
| 978 | 11691814 | Here we describe a novel RCC vaccine strategy that allows for the concomitant delivery of dual immune activators: G250, a widely expressed RCC associated antigen; and granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), an immunomodulatory factor for antigen-presenting cells. |
| 979 | 11691814 | When combined with interleukin 4 (IL-4; 1000 units/ml), FP (0.34 microg/ml) induces differentiation of monocytes (CD14+) into dendritic cells (DCs) expressing surface markers characteristic for antigen-presenting cells. |
| 980 | 11691814 | Up-regulation of mature DCs (CD83+CD19-; 17% versus 6%) with enhanced expression of HLA class I and class II antigens was detected in FP-cultured DCs as compared with DCs cultured with recombinant GM-CSF. |
| 981 | 11691814 | Treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with FP alone (2.7 microg/10(7) cells) augments both T-cell helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokine mRNA expression (IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). |
| 982 | 11691814 | Comparison of various immune manipulation strategies in parallel, bulk PBMCs treated with FP (0.34 microg/ml) plus IL-4 (1000 units/ml) for 1 week and restimulated weekly with FP plus IL-2 (20 IU/ml) induced maximal growth expansion of active T cells expressing the T-cell receptor and specific anti-RCC cytotoxicity, which could be blocked by the addition of anti-HLA class I, anti-CD3, or anti-CD8 antibodies. |
| 983 | 11691814 | These results suggest that GM-CSF-G250 FP is a potent immunostimulant with the capacity for activating immunomodulatory DCs and inducing a T-helper cell-supported, G250-targeted, and CD8+-mediated antitumor response. |
| 984 | 11696697 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor from a modular peptide-based cancer vaccine alters vaccine microenvironment and enhances the antigen-specific T-cell response. |
| 985 | 11696697 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was associated with an increased inflammatory infiltrate at the vaccine site and enhanced dendritic cell activation. |
| 986 | 11696697 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor from a modular peptide-based cancer vaccine alters vaccine microenvironment and enhances the antigen-specific T-cell response. |
| 987 | 11696697 | Sustained release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was associated with an increased inflammatory infiltrate at the vaccine site and enhanced dendritic cell activation. |
| 988 | 11703320 | We have analysed the functional capability of DC generated in vitro from blood CD14(+) cells of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients and healthy donors by culturing for 10 d with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). |
| 989 | 11703320 | Most of the DC generated from both patients and controls exhibited a mature phenotype indicated by CD83 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression, as well as by a characteristic morphology. |
| 990 | 11703320 | CLL DC had a similar expression of accessory molecules (CD54, CD80 and CD86) as control DC. |
| 991 | 11703320 | The mean fluorescence intensity of CD80 and MHC class I molecules was significantly higher on CLL DC than on control DC (P < 0.05). |
| 992 | 11703320 | The expression of IL-4 and TNF-alpha was similar to that of control DC. |
| 993 | 11704811 | This paper describes the production of recombinant Semliki Forest virus encoding murine or human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the capacity of these vectors to transduce murine and human tumor cells ex vivo. |
| 994 | 11704811 | It is shown that the recombinant SFV/GM-CSF virus, as well as recombinant SFV carrying the beta-galactosidase reporter gene, efficiently transduce both murine tumor cell lines as well as primary human renal carcinoma cells. |
| 995 | 11704811 | Levels of murine GM-CSF (mGM-CSF) produced by SFV/mGM-CSF transduced renal cell cancer cultures were equal to or higher than corresponding levels reported in the literature after transduction of similar renal carcinoma cell cultures using a retroviral vector system. |
| 996 | 11705921 | Here we have investigated the influence of BCG on the induction of CD1b on human monocytes by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is believed to be the principal inducer of this antigen-presenting molecule. |
| 997 | 11705921 | Although BCG alone led to a slight induction of CD1b expression, this agent reduced markedly the ability of GM-CSF to induce high levels of CD1b that were typically observed in uninfected cells. |
| 998 | 11705921 | Down-regulation of CD1b expression by BCG was mediated, at least in part, by one or more soluble factors and could not be reversed with high concentrations of GM-CSF or a variety of other cytokines. |
| 999 | 11708879 | Non-immunogenic murine hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1-6 cells expressing the membrane form of macrophage colony stimulating factor are rejected in vivo and lead to CD8+ T-cell immunity against the parental tumor. |
| 1000 | 11708879 | Macrophages derived from Hck(-/-)Fgr(-/-) and Lyn(-/-) triple knockout mice, which are incapable of performing phagocytosis, failed to kill the mM-CSF transduced cells. |
| 1001 | 11708879 | Non-immunogenic murine hepatocellular carcinoma Hepa1-6 cells expressing the membrane form of macrophage colony stimulating factor are rejected in vivo and lead to CD8+ T-cell immunity against the parental tumor. |
| 1002 | 11708879 | Macrophages derived from Hck(-/-)Fgr(-/-) and Lyn(-/-) triple knockout mice, which are incapable of performing phagocytosis, failed to kill the mM-CSF transduced cells. |
| 1003 | 11711604 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed by recombinant respiratory syncytial virus attenuates viral replication and increases the level of pulmonary antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1004 | 11711604 | To investigate methods to augment the immune response, recombinant RSV (rRSV) was constructed that expresses murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) from a transcription cassette inserted into the G-F intergenic region. |
| 1005 | 11711604 | Mice infected with rRSV/mGM-CSF had elevated levels of pulmonary mRNA for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) p40 compared to animals infected by wild-type rRSV. |
| 1006 | 11711604 | The accumulation of total pulmonary mononuclear cells and total CD4(+) T lymphocytes was accelerated in animals infected with rRSV/mGM-CSF compared to that in animals infected with the control virus, and the level of IFN-gamma-positive or IL-4-positive pulmonary CD4(+) cells was elevated approximately twofold. |
| 1007 | 11711604 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed by recombinant respiratory syncytial virus attenuates viral replication and increases the level of pulmonary antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1008 | 11711604 | To investigate methods to augment the immune response, recombinant RSV (rRSV) was constructed that expresses murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) from a transcription cassette inserted into the G-F intergenic region. |
| 1009 | 11711604 | Mice infected with rRSV/mGM-CSF had elevated levels of pulmonary mRNA for gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) p40 compared to animals infected by wild-type rRSV. |
| 1010 | 11711604 | The accumulation of total pulmonary mononuclear cells and total CD4(+) T lymphocytes was accelerated in animals infected with rRSV/mGM-CSF compared to that in animals infected with the control virus, and the level of IFN-gamma-positive or IL-4-positive pulmonary CD4(+) cells was elevated approximately twofold. |
| 1011 | 11725909 | Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced sero-protection in end stage renal failure patients to hepatitis B in vaccine non-responders. |
| 1012 | 11725909 | Adjuvants like Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) have been found to improve response rate to vaccines. |
| 1013 | 11725909 | Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced sero-protection in end stage renal failure patients to hepatitis B in vaccine non-responders. |
| 1014 | 11725909 | Adjuvants like Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) have been found to improve response rate to vaccines. |
| 1015 | 11739689 | The ability to modify these antigen-specific immune responses was investigated by coinjection of DNA plasmids encoding cytokine and/or hematopoietic growth factors, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-15, Flt3 ligand (FL), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1016 | 11739689 | IL-12 induced the greatest increase in IFN-gamma and immunoglobulin G responses to Nef, and GM-CSF induced the strongest IFN-gamma and CTL responses to Env. |
| 1017 | 11739689 | A dual approach of expanding innate immunity by administering the FL gene, together with a cytokine that enhances adaptive immune responses, IL-2, IL-12, or IL-15, generated the most potent immune response at the lowest doses of Nef antigen. |
| 1018 | 11751399 | We now report a DNA-based immunization strategy using a prime-boost approach: coadministration of plasmid DNA encoding murine AFP and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor followed by boosting with an AFP-expressing nonreplicating adenoviral vector. |
| 1019 | 11759072 | Dendritic cells were derived from bone marrow and cultured in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor/interleukin 4 before pulsation with tumor lysate. |
| 1020 | 11759072 | Multiple subcutaneous administrations of tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cells (TP-DCs) resulted in an approximately eightfold hypertrophy of the vaccine draining nodes, with an increased influx of dendritic (CD11c+/CD80+) cells and B (B220+) cells. |
| 1021 | 11759072 | The vaccine-primed lymph node (VPLN) cells were secondarily activated with anti-CD3/interleukin 2 and exhibited specific interferon-gamma release to tumor antigen. |
| 1022 | 11764291 | A high level of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte response was also observed, and a high level of IFN-gamma and IL-4 production was induced by the improved skin application of DNA vaccine. |
| 1023 | 11764291 | High levels of both HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte and delayed type hypersensitivity in topical application were induced by coadministration of the DNA vaccine with IL-12 expression plasmids and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression plasmids. |
| 1024 | 11781062 | These humoral and cell-mediated immune responses were enhanced by augmenting the vaccine with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing plasmids or IL-12-expressing plasmid. |
| 1025 | 11782253 | In our laboratory, baboons have been used to study DNA vaccine strategies using new cationic liposome formulations and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and B7-2 as genetic adjuvants. |
| 1026 | 11818154 | Immune responses to an inactive vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1027 | 11818154 | IFN-gamma and IL-5 levels were significantly enhanced by day 21. |
| 1028 | 11818167 | Co-expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with antigen enhances humoral and tumor immunity after DNA vaccination. |
| 1029 | 11818167 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to enhance humoral and tumor immunity resulting from DNA immunization. |
| 1030 | 11818167 | The genes encoding GM-CSF and antigen were cloned onto the same plasmid backbone, but separate promoters drove expression of each gene. beta-Galactosidase was used as the model antigen to generate antibody responses while the human tumor antigen, MAGE-1, was used to monitor tumor resistance. |
| 1031 | 11818167 | Similarly, DNA vaccines expressing both MAGE-1 antigen and GM-CSF were more effective in protecting against B16-MAGE-1 melanoma. |
| 1032 | 11818167 | However, both GM-CSF co-expressing DNA vaccines and co-inoculation with plasmids encoding the cytokine or antigen enhanced the generation antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-6 responses. |
| 1033 | 11818167 | Co-expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with antigen enhances humoral and tumor immunity after DNA vaccination. |
| 1034 | 11818167 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to enhance humoral and tumor immunity resulting from DNA immunization. |
| 1035 | 11818167 | The genes encoding GM-CSF and antigen were cloned onto the same plasmid backbone, but separate promoters drove expression of each gene. beta-Galactosidase was used as the model antigen to generate antibody responses while the human tumor antigen, MAGE-1, was used to monitor tumor resistance. |
| 1036 | 11818167 | Similarly, DNA vaccines expressing both MAGE-1 antigen and GM-CSF were more effective in protecting against B16-MAGE-1 melanoma. |
| 1037 | 11818167 | However, both GM-CSF co-expressing DNA vaccines and co-inoculation with plasmids encoding the cytokine or antigen enhanced the generation antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-6 responses. |
| 1038 | 11829281 | The author's group has conducted trials of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF [Leukine]) as surgical adjuvant treatment of patients at high-risk for melanoma recurrence. |
| 1039 | 11830535 | We have recently demonstrated a novel treatment strategy to stimulate specific antitumor activity with preservation of tolerance to host antigens after T cell-depleted allogeneic BMT by vaccination of recipients with irradiated B16 melanoma cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1040 | 11836673 | Systems studied have included lysis by interleukin-2 (IL-2)-activated lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a p16-expressing adenovirus vector, suicide gene therapy using the herpes simplex virus-tyrosine kinase (HSV-tk) followed by ganciclovir, and immunomodulatory gene therapy with IL-2, IL-4, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IFN-alpha, TNF-alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-6, and IL-1beta transfected into tumors. |
| 1041 | 11836673 | Since platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is thought to be an autocrine growth factor for mesothelioma STI-571 (Gleevec; Novartis, Basel, Switzerland), a highly selective inhibitor of the PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase, is being tested in a phase II trial. |
| 1042 | 11874634 | The immunization protocol consisted of the administration of psoralen-UV-treated and replication-incompetent recombinant vaccinia virus encoding the three immunodominant HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes Melan-A(27-35), gp100(280-288), and tyrosinase(1-9) together with two costimulatory molecules, B7.1 and B7.2, in the context of systemic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) treatment. |
| 1043 | 11904731 | DC were generated from peripheral mononuclear cells by co-cultivation with granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1044 | 11904731 | After the cells had been pulsed with tumor antigens and co-cultured with autologous lymphocytes, the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-12 was analyzed, and lymphocyte proliferative response and cytotoxicity against the target tumor cell line were assessed. |
| 1045 | 11904731 | CD83, CD86, HLA-DR, CD11c and CD40). |
| 1046 | 11904734 | The authors performed a clinical study of a vaccine using autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with CEA652 and adjuvant cytokines, natural human interferon alpha (nhuIFN-alpha), and natural human tumor necrosis factor alpha (nhuTNF-alpha), for the treatment of patients with CEA-expressing advanced metastatic malignancies. |
| 1047 | 11904734 | DCs were generated from plastic adherent monocytes of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4). |
| 1048 | 11906755 | Here, we report that mice immunised with DNA encoding the carboxyl domain (JD9) of a haemorrhagic Zn metalloprotease (Jararhagin) in venom of the South American pit viper, Bothrops jararaca, and a plasmid expressing murine cytokine granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) raised significantly higher antigen-specific IgG1 titres than mice immunised with JD9 DNA alone. |
| 1049 | 11911421 | CD40 ligand immunotherapy in cancer: an efficient approach. |
| 1050 | 11911421 | This review will discuss current anti-cancer immunotherapy; interleukin-2 therapy, tumor vaccine secreting Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, dendritic cells fused with tumor cells, and CD40 ligand immunotherapy. |
| 1051 | 11911421 | Moreover, we introduce our two kinds of CD40 ligand immuno-genetherapy; (1) oral CD40 ligand gene therapy against lymphoma using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium (published in BLOOD 2000), (2) cancer vaccine transfected with CD40 ligand ex vivo for neuroblastoma (unpublished). |
| 1052 | 11920589 | Peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell evolution in vivo: response to peptide vaccination with Melan-A/MART-1. |
| 1053 | 11920589 | We have longitudinally followed CD8+ T-cell responses in 3 melanoma patients who were immunized with peptides derived from Melan-A/MART-1. |
| 1054 | 11920589 | At least in a single patient, T cells binding to the AAGIGILTV epitope were detected in naive, precursor (CD45RA+/CCR7+) CD8+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells binding to the analog ELAGIGILTV peptide were identified in the terminally differentiated (CD45RA+/CCR7-) T-cell subset. |
| 1055 | 11920589 | The TCR repertoire reactive with Melan-A/MART-1 peptide epitopes was broadened during vaccination and exhibited a different profile of cytokine release after specific stimulation: tetramer-binding T cells from 2/3 patients secreted granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma but not interleukin-2 (IL-2) in response to Melan-A/MART-1 peptides. |
| 1056 | 11924914 | The authors compared several clinical-grade adjuvants of bacterial origin to determine their ability to induce phenotypic and functional maturation of monocyte-derived DC (Dendritophages, Dphi; IDM, Paris, France) differentiated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-13 in single-use cell processors (VacCell; IDM, Paris, France). |
| 1057 | 11924914 | Addition of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to Ribomunyl resulted in more pronounced upregulation of CD83, major histocompatibility complex class I, and B7 molecules by Dphi. |
| 1058 | 11924914 | Moreover, the IFN-gamma addition modulated their cytokine secretion, allowing higher levels of bioactive interleukin-12 concomitant with lower levels of interleukin-10. |
| 1059 | 11929774 | Flt3 ligand as a vaccine adjuvant in association with HER-2/neu peptide-based vaccines in patients with HER-2/neu-overexpressing cancers. |
| 1060 | 11929774 | Five patients received the HER-2/neu peptide-based vaccine alone on day 7 of the 14-day cycle, and 5 patients received the vaccine admixed with 150 microg granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on day 7 of the FL cycle. |
| 1061 | 11929774 | However, including FL as a vaccine adjuvant was effective in boosting the precursor frequency of interferon-gamma-secreting HER-2/neu-specific T cells. |
| 1062 | 11929777 | Increased dendritic cell number and function following continuous in vivo infusion of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1063 | 11929777 | The combination of recombinant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) and recombinant interleukin-4 (rIL-4) provides an important stimulus for generating DCs from murine bone marrow precursors in vitro. |
| 1064 | 11929777 | DCs were highly concentrated in the T-cell areas of white pulp after rGM-CSF/IL-4 administration, whereas they were diffusely distributed throughout white pulp, marginal zones, and red pulp in mice treated with rGM-CSF alone. rGM-CSF/rIL-4 also significantly increased the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II on CD11c(+) cells and increased their capacity to take up antigens by macropinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. |
| 1065 | 11929777 | Increased dendritic cell number and function following continuous in vivo infusion of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1066 | 11929777 | The combination of recombinant granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) and recombinant interleukin-4 (rIL-4) provides an important stimulus for generating DCs from murine bone marrow precursors in vitro. |
| 1067 | 11929777 | DCs were highly concentrated in the T-cell areas of white pulp after rGM-CSF/IL-4 administration, whereas they were diffusely distributed throughout white pulp, marginal zones, and red pulp in mice treated with rGM-CSF alone. rGM-CSF/rIL-4 also significantly increased the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class II on CD11c(+) cells and increased their capacity to take up antigens by macropinocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis. |
| 1068 | 11948375 | One vaccine was based on a plasmid expression vector and the other was a recombinant vaccinia virus; both vaccines expressed a polypeptide derived from the complementarity-determining regions (CDR(2)-CDR(3)) of the leukemic clone-specific immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH), as a fusion product with mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF). |
| 1069 | 11948375 | Both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells contributed to protection in vaccinated mice. |
| 1070 | 11956607 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor gene transfer to induce a protective anti-tumoral immune response against the 9L rat gliosarcoma model. |
| 1071 | 11956607 | The injection of irradiated tumor cells genetically engineered to express the granolocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is reported as stimulating antitumoral immunity in several animal models. |
| 1072 | 11956607 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor gene transfer to induce a protective anti-tumoral immune response against the 9L rat gliosarcoma model. |
| 1073 | 11956607 | The injection of irradiated tumor cells genetically engineered to express the granolocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is reported as stimulating antitumoral immunity in several animal models. |
| 1074 | 11983866 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) generates potent, specific, and long-lasting antitumor immunity in multiple murine tumor models. |
| 1075 | 11983866 | A phase I clinical trial of this vaccination strategy in patients with advanced melanoma demonstrated the consistent induction of dense CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltrates in distant metastases, resulting in extensive tumor destruction, fibrosis, and edema. |
| 1076 | 11983866 | Three additional vaccinated melanoma patients and three metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma patients vaccinated with autologous GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells similarly showed a correlation between humoral responses to ATP6S1 and tumor destruction. |
| 1077 | 11983866 | Moreover, a chronic myelogenous leukemia patient who experienced a complete remission after CD4(+) donor lymphocyte infusions also developed high-titer antibodies to ATP6S1. |
| 1078 | 11985784 | We developed a tumor vaccine consisting of fixed hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells/tissue fragments, biodegradable microparticles encapsulating granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-2, and an adjuvant. |
| 1079 | 12006240 | Ex vivo gene therapy using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 1080 | 12006240 | Transduction of the gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor has shown promise in preclinical studies, and clinical trials are in their early stages. |
| 1081 | 12006240 | Ex vivo gene therapy using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced tumor vaccines. |
| 1082 | 12006240 | Transduction of the gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor has shown promise in preclinical studies, and clinical trials are in their early stages. |
| 1083 | 12006513 | The goal of this study was to determine whether HER-2/neu peptide-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity could be elicited using an immunodominant HER-2/neu-derived HLA-A2 peptide alone in the absence of exogenous help. |
| 1084 | 12006513 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used as adjuvant. |
| 1085 | 12006513 | Six HLA-A2 patients with HER-2/neu-overexpressing cancers received 6 monthly vaccinations with a vaccine preparation consisting of 500 microg of HER-2/neu peptide, p369-377, admixed with 100 microg of GM-CSF. |
| 1086 | 12006513 | These results demonstrate that HER-2/neu MHC class I epitopes can induce HER-2/neu peptide-specific IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells. |
| 1087 | 12009296 | We have evaluated activated alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M*) and a squalene-based stable emulsion containing monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL-SE) with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as adjuvants to enhance the immunogencity of candidate HIV immunogens. |
| 1088 | 12052340 | The cytokine inducing capacity of the vaccine vector pcDNA3, a methylated form of the plasmid, and pcDNA3 encoding porcine interleukin (IL)-6 or granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was studied in pigs, using a model with tissue chambers implanted subcutaneously. |
| 1089 | 12052340 | The production of interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6 and GM-CSF was studied at local (tissue chamber fluid (TCF)) and systemic (serum) levels during 3 days post-injection. |
| 1090 | 12052340 | All forms of the plasmid, except the methylated, induced a transient local production of IFN-alpha but no plasmid-induced production of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF or IL-6 could be detected after injection of the plasmids. |
| 1091 | 12065488 | Mice were immunized by priming with DNA vaccine plasmids encoding the Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein (PyCSP) and murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and boosting with recombinant vaccinia encoding PyCSP. |
| 1092 | 12065488 | The antigen (Ag)-specific effector CD8(+)-T-cell population present 2 weeks after boosting had ex vivo Ag-specific cytolytic activity, expressed both gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha, and constituted 12 to 20% of splenic CD8(+) T cells. |
| 1093 | 12065488 | In contrast, the memory CD8(+)-Ag-specific-cell population at 28 weeks lacked cytolytic activity and constituted only 6% of splenic CD8(+) T cells, but at the single-cell level it produced significantly higher levels of IFN-gamma than the effectors. |
| 1094 | 12087615 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor: current practice and novel approaches. |
| 1095 | 12087615 | Granulocyte macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) (sargramostim, Leukine, Immunex Corporation, Seattle, WA) has broad activity in the proliferation and differentiation of myeloid lineage progenitor cells, whereas granulocyte CSF (filgrastim, Neupogen, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA) acts selectively on cells of the granulocyte lineage. |
| 1096 | 12097575 | We previously showed that DNA vaccination with the cottontail rabbit papillomavirus (CRPV) E6 gene induced partial protection against CRPV challenge and that the vaccine's effects were greatly enhanced by priming with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1097 | 12097575 | Rabbits vaccinated with the wild-type E6 gene plus GM-CSF or with the ubiquitin-fused E6 gene formed significantly fewer papillomas than the controls. |
| 1098 | 12097575 | The ubiquitin-fused E6 vaccine was significantly more effective than the wild-type E6 vaccine plus GM-CSF priming. |
| 1099 | 12111119 | An in vivo antibody depletion assay demonstrated that inactivated CT26-hsp110 cells elicited anti-tumor responses involving CD8(+) T cells and natural killer (NK) cells, but not CD4(+) T cells. |
| 1100 | 12111119 | Lastly, the effect of the addition of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to these vaccine formulations was determined. |
| 1101 | 12117942 | Animals were primed with a mixture of DNA plasmids encoding two preerythrocytic-stage proteins and two erythrocytic-stage proteins from P. knowlesi and combinations of the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor alpha and were boosted with a mixture of four recombinant, attenuated vaccinia virus strains encoding the four P. knowlesi antigens. |
| 1102 | 12126899 | In this study, we have investigated the effect of a novel adenoviral granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) transgene-based adjuvant formulation (AdGM-CSF) on BCG vaccination in a mouse strain that is genetically weak responders to BCG vaccine. |
| 1103 | 12126899 | Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the number of mycobacterial antigen-specific IFN-gamma releasing CD4 T cells in mice immunized with AdGM-CSF-adjuvanted BCG vaccine. |
| 1104 | 12142031 | T9 glioma cells expressing membrane-macrophage colony stimulating factor produce CD4+ T cell-associated protective immunity against T9 intracranial gliomas and systemic immunity against different syngeneic gliomas. |
| 1105 | 12142031 | CD4+ and CD8+ T splenocytes from immunized rats, when restimulated in vitro with T9 cells, produced interleukin-2 and -4. |
| 1106 | 12171908 | Dendritic cells genetically engineered to simultaneously express endogenous tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor elicit potent therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 1107 | 12171908 | In this study, murine bone marrow DCs were adenovirally transduced with murine endogenous tumor antigen gp70 expressed in CT26 cells and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and we examined whether antigen-specific CTL responses and therapeutic immunity could be induced in mice immunized with those genetically modified DCs. |
| 1108 | 12171908 | GM-CSF gene transfer into DCs expressing tumor-associated antigen enhances CC chemokine receptor 7 expression on DCs, leading to improved migratory capacity of DCs to draining lymph nodes. |
| 1109 | 12171908 | Dendritic cells genetically engineered to simultaneously express endogenous tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor elicit potent therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 1110 | 12171908 | In this study, murine bone marrow DCs were adenovirally transduced with murine endogenous tumor antigen gp70 expressed in CT26 cells and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and we examined whether antigen-specific CTL responses and therapeutic immunity could be induced in mice immunized with those genetically modified DCs. |
| 1111 | 12171908 | GM-CSF gene transfer into DCs expressing tumor-associated antigen enhances CC chemokine receptor 7 expression on DCs, leading to improved migratory capacity of DCs to draining lymph nodes. |
| 1112 | 12194120 | Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and continuous localized infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on neuroblastomas in mice. |
| 1113 | 12220159 | Two mouse-specific polyepitope protein antigens comprising different combinations of sequences chosen from the mouse fertility antigens zona pellucida proteins 1 and 3 (ZP1 and ZP3), prolactin, proliferin, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), sperm protein SP56 and T-helper cell-stimulating epitopes were produced in bacterial protein expression systems. |
| 1114 | 12220159 | One antigen construct (MBP-polyepitope B), containing mouse-specific epitopes for ZP1, ZP3, SP56 and proliferin, significantly reduced the fertility of female BALB/c mice. |
| 1115 | 12224013 | Cancer vaccines composed of tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are currently being clinically evaluated. |
| 1116 | 12224013 | The intent was to enhance antigen presentation by increasing interactions between the tumor cell lines in the vaccine and GM-CSF receptor positive antigen presenting cells (APC), notably the patient's Langerhans cells residing within the intradermal injection site. |
| 1117 | 12225344 | Advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene therapy: a clinical course of the first Japanese experience. |
| 1118 | 12225344 | A phase I study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor vaccine for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was initiated in 1998, as the first cancer gene therapy in Japan. |
| 1119 | 12225344 | Advanced renal cell carcinoma treated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene therapy: a clinical course of the first Japanese experience. |
| 1120 | 12225344 | A phase I study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor vaccine for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was initiated in 1998, as the first cancer gene therapy in Japan. |
| 1121 | 12228281 | In this study, the effectiveness of the T. cruzi trans-sialidase family (ts) genes ASP-1, ASP-2, and TSA-1 as genetic vaccines was assessed. |
| 1122 | 12228281 | Immunization of mice with plasmids encoding ASP-1, ASP-2, or TSA-1 elicited poor antigen-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity and T. cruzi-specific antibody responses. |
| 1123 | 12228281 | Codelivery of interleukin-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plasmids with antigen-encoding plasmids resulted in a substantial increase in CTL activity and antibody production and in increased resistance to T. cruzi infection. |
| 1124 | 12232042 | A push-pull approach to maximize vaccine efficacy: abrogating suppression with an IL-13 inhibitor while augmenting help with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and CD40L. |
| 1125 | 12232042 | Although a role for CD4(+) helper cells in CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induction by vaccines is widely recognized, much less is known about a counterbalancing role of CD4(+) T cells in down-modulating this response, or about ways to optimize vaccine responses through abrogation of this negative regulatory mechanism. |
| 1126 | 12232042 | Here, we discovered a synergistic enhancement of vaccine-mediated CTL induction and protection by the relief of suppression through depletion of regulatory CD4(+) cells, including CD4(+) NKT cells, or blockade of IL-13 made by these cells, combined with the cytokine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the costimulatory molecule CD40L. |
| 1127 | 12232042 | Indeed, in the absence of helper epitopes, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the helper-mimetic molecule CD40L are not sufficient to replace help to induce CTL without abrogation of CD4(+) T cell-mediated suppression, suggesting a role for T cell help in overcoming suppression. |
| 1128 | 12232042 | A push-pull approach to maximize vaccine efficacy: abrogating suppression with an IL-13 inhibitor while augmenting help with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and CD40L. |
| 1129 | 12232042 | Although a role for CD4(+) helper cells in CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induction by vaccines is widely recognized, much less is known about a counterbalancing role of CD4(+) T cells in down-modulating this response, or about ways to optimize vaccine responses through abrogation of this negative regulatory mechanism. |
| 1130 | 12232042 | Here, we discovered a synergistic enhancement of vaccine-mediated CTL induction and protection by the relief of suppression through depletion of regulatory CD4(+) cells, including CD4(+) NKT cells, or blockade of IL-13 made by these cells, combined with the cytokine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the costimulatory molecule CD40L. |
| 1131 | 12232042 | Indeed, in the absence of helper epitopes, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the helper-mimetic molecule CD40L are not sufficient to replace help to induce CTL without abrogation of CD4(+) T cell-mediated suppression, suggesting a role for T cell help in overcoming suppression. |
| 1132 | 12232042 | A push-pull approach to maximize vaccine efficacy: abrogating suppression with an IL-13 inhibitor while augmenting help with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and CD40L. |
| 1133 | 12232042 | Although a role for CD4(+) helper cells in CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) induction by vaccines is widely recognized, much less is known about a counterbalancing role of CD4(+) T cells in down-modulating this response, or about ways to optimize vaccine responses through abrogation of this negative regulatory mechanism. |
| 1134 | 12232042 | Here, we discovered a synergistic enhancement of vaccine-mediated CTL induction and protection by the relief of suppression through depletion of regulatory CD4(+) cells, including CD4(+) NKT cells, or blockade of IL-13 made by these cells, combined with the cytokine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the costimulatory molecule CD40L. |
| 1135 | 12232042 | Indeed, in the absence of helper epitopes, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the helper-mimetic molecule CD40L are not sufficient to replace help to induce CTL without abrogation of CD4(+) T cell-mediated suppression, suggesting a role for T cell help in overcoming suppression. |
| 1136 | 12244180 | DNA-encoded fetal liver tyrosine kinase 3 ligand and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor increase dendritic cell recruitment to the inoculation site and enhance antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses induced by DNA vaccination of outbred animals. |
| 1137 | 12244180 | The second hypothesis, that DNA encoding Flt3L and GM-CSF enhances immunity to a DNA vector-expressed Ag, was tested by analyzing the CD4(+) T lymphocyte response to Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 1a (MSP1a). |
| 1138 | 12244180 | Calves immunized with DNA-expressing MSP1a developed strong CD4(+) T cell responses against A. marginale, MSP1a, and specific MHC class II DR-restricted MSP1a epitopes. |
| 1139 | 12244180 | Administration of DNA-encoding Flt3L and GM-CSF before MSP1a DNA vaccination significantly increased the population of Ag-specific effector/memory cells in PBMC and significantly enhanced MSP1a-specific CD4(+) T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma secretion as compared with MHC class II DR-matched calves vaccinated identically but without Flt3L and GM-CSF. |
| 1140 | 12357348 | In particular, ex vivo culture of ALL cells with CD40 ligand, incubation of AML cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 (GM-CSF/IL-4) and lentiviral transduction of ALL and AML cells for expression of immunomodulators (CD80 and GM-CSF) are current approaches under investigation for the development of autologous acute leukemia cell vaccines. |
| 1141 | 12384537 | The vaccines used were recombinant vaccinia virus containing the transgenes for CEA and three T-cell costimulatory molecules [B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3, designated recombinant vaccinia (rV)-CEA/TRICOM], with each transgene under the control of individual poxvirus promoters, and a replication-defective avipox virus (fowlpox; rF) containing the same four transgenes (designated rF-CEA/TRICOM). |
| 1142 | 12384537 | The results demonstrate that (a) continued boosting with vaccine is required to maintain CEA-specific T-cell responses, and boosting with rF-CEA/TRICOM is superior to boosting with rF-CEA; (b) a diversified vaccination protocol consisting of primary vaccination with rV-CEA/TRICOM followed by boosting with rF-CEA/TRICOM is more efficacious than homogeneous vaccination with rF-CEA/TRICOM in the induction of both CEA-specific T-cell responses and antitumor activity; and (c) the use of cytokines, local granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and low-dose systemic interleukin 2, in combination with vaccine is essential in inducing antitumor activity, as compared with the use of cytokines alone, or the use of vaccines without cytokine. |
| 1143 | 12384537 | Both GM-CSF and interleukin 2 were shown to contribute to the induction of CEA-specific T-cell responses. |
| 1144 | 12384547 | Subsequently, a third series of vaccinations was carried out using 500 micro g of human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor DNA mixed with 1800 micro g of Id DNA. |
| 1145 | 12393694 | Comparative analysis of murine marrow-derived dendritic cells generated by Flt3L or GM-CSF/IL-4 and matured with immune stimulatory agents on the in vivo induction of antileukemia responses. |
| 1146 | 12393694 | Bone marrow (BM)-derived dendritic cells (DCs) cultured in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) have been used to generate antitumor immune responses. |
| 1147 | 12393694 | We investigated whether CpGs would be comparable to TNF-alpha or LPS for the maturation of GM-CSF/IL-4-generated DCs. |
| 1148 | 12393694 | DCs cultured with GM-CSF/IL-4 and matured with TNF-alpha, LPS, or CpG produced a greater allogeneic T-cell response compared with Flt3L/LPS-generated DCs. |
| 1149 | 12393694 | GM-CSF/IL-4/LPS was superior to Flt3L/LPS for generating anti-AML effects in vivo. |
| 1150 | 12393694 | Whereas TNF-alpha was comparable to LPS in conferring on GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs anti-AML effects in vivo, CpGs were superior to LPS. |
| 1151 | 12396624 | Immunization by particle-mediated transfer of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene into autologous tumor cells in melanoma or sarcoma patients: report of a phase I/IB study. |
| 1152 | 12396624 | The primary objective of this phase I study was to determine the safety of an autologous tumor vaccine given by intradermal injection of lethally irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transfected autologous melanoma and sarcoma cells. |
| 1153 | 12396624 | Immunization by particle-mediated transfer of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene into autologous tumor cells in melanoma or sarcoma patients: report of a phase I/IB study. |
| 1154 | 12396624 | The primary objective of this phase I study was to determine the safety of an autologous tumor vaccine given by intradermal injection of lethally irradiated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transfected autologous melanoma and sarcoma cells. |
| 1155 | 12406877 | Treatment of animals with NST, posttransplantation donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs), and a vaccine, comprising irradiated autologous tumor cells mixed with a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing bystander line, results in potent and specific antitumor immunity. |
| 1156 | 12409329 | Randomized trial of influenza vaccine with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or placebo in cancer patients. |
| 1157 | 12429628 | Toxicity, immunogenicity, and induction of E75-specific tumor-lytic CTLs by HER-2 peptide E75 (369-377) combined with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in HLA-A2+ patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer. |
| 1158 | 12429628 | To determine the toxicity and immunogenicity of the HER-2/neu, HLA-A2-restricted peptide E75 in patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer, 14 patients were vaccinated with escalating amounts of E75 (100, 500, and 1000 microg) mixed with 250 microg granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant. |
| 1159 | 12429628 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with E75+ granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor can induce both peptide-specific IFN-gamma and epitope specific CTLs, which lyse HER-2/neu+ tumors in stage IV patients. |
| 1160 | 12429628 | Toxicity, immunogenicity, and induction of E75-specific tumor-lytic CTLs by HER-2 peptide E75 (369-377) combined with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in HLA-A2+ patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer. |
| 1161 | 12429628 | To determine the toxicity and immunogenicity of the HER-2/neu, HLA-A2-restricted peptide E75 in patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer, 14 patients were vaccinated with escalating amounts of E75 (100, 500, and 1000 microg) mixed with 250 microg granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant. |
| 1162 | 12429628 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with E75+ granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor can induce both peptide-specific IFN-gamma and epitope specific CTLs, which lyse HER-2/neu+ tumors in stage IV patients. |
| 1163 | 12429628 | Toxicity, immunogenicity, and induction of E75-specific tumor-lytic CTLs by HER-2 peptide E75 (369-377) combined with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in HLA-A2+ patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer. |
| 1164 | 12429628 | To determine the toxicity and immunogenicity of the HER-2/neu, HLA-A2-restricted peptide E75 in patients with metastatic breast and ovarian cancer, 14 patients were vaccinated with escalating amounts of E75 (100, 500, and 1000 microg) mixed with 250 microg granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant. |
| 1165 | 12429628 | These results demonstrate that vaccination with E75+ granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor can induce both peptide-specific IFN-gamma and epitope specific CTLs, which lyse HER-2/neu+ tumors in stage IV patients. |
| 1166 | 12445288 | In multiple murine models, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) proved to be the most potent immunostimulatory product. |
| 1167 | 12445288 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete GM-CSF involves enhanced tumor antigen presentation by recruited dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages; the coordinated functions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD1d-restricted NKT cells and antibodies mediate protective immunity. |
| 1168 | 12477432 | Co-immunization of rhesus macaques with plasmid vectors expressing IFN-gamma, GM-CSF, and SIV antigens enhances anti-viral humoral immunity but does not affect viremia after challenge with highly pathogenic virus. |
| 1169 | 12477432 | To investigate the adjuvant capacity of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon (IFN-gamma), we cloned these rhesus cytokines into a mammalian expression vector. |
| 1170 | 12477432 | Two groups of six rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) received intradermal immunizations of plasmid DNA coding for SIV Eng and Gag, and influenza virus nucleoprotein (Flu-NP), with or without the co-administration of plasmid DNA coding for these cytokines. |
| 1171 | 12482928 | We found that the immunogenicity in primates of a live-attenuated vaccine candidate for parainfluenza virus type 3, an enveloped RNA virus that is an important etiologic agent of pediatric respiratory tract disease, could be enhanced by expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from an extra gene inserted into the genome of a cDNA-derived virus. |
| 1172 | 12482928 | In addition, topical immunization with the attenuated virus expressing GM-CSF induced a greater number of virus-specific IFN-gamma-secreting T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of monkeys than did immunization with the control virus bearing an unrelated RNA insert. |
| 1173 | 12483109 | These include chromosomal translocations affecting RUNX1-CBFbeta, RARalpha, and MLL. |
| 1174 | 12483109 | There are known activating mutations in the genes for the receptor tyrosine kinases FLT3, KIT, and FMS. |
| 1175 | 12483109 | Targeted therapies include targeted antibody therapy; inhibitors of FLT3, KIT, and farnesyltransferase; diphtheria toxin conjugated to the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; and antisense oligonucleotides. |
| 1176 | 12487807 | To ensure optimal exposure of the immunogen to the antigen-presenting cells (APCs), the vaccine was given intradermally together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1177 | 12487807 | Responses to the immunization protocol were determined by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, interferon gamma-secreting cells in the enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay, and antibody production to the p24 protein and the peptides. |
| 1178 | 12491520 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor added to a multipeptide vaccine for resected Stage II melanoma. |
| 1179 | 12492573 | Therapeutic effects of idiotype vaccination can be enhanced by the combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 2 in a myeloma model. |
| 1180 | 12492573 | In an attempt to improve the antitumoral potential, we added granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) to the protocol. |
| 1181 | 12492573 | In animals inoculated with 10(5) myeloma cells, treatment with IL-2 given as a single agent prolonged the median survival time (MST, 67 d) when compared with the tumour control group (MST 48 d), whereas GM-CSF did not elicit any survival benefit (MST 49 d). |
| 1182 | 12492573 | These data provide evidence for the combined use of GM-CSF and IL-2 to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of clinical cancer vaccination protocols. |
| 1183 | 12492573 | Therapeutic effects of idiotype vaccination can be enhanced by the combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 2 in a myeloma model. |
| 1184 | 12492573 | In an attempt to improve the antitumoral potential, we added granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) to the protocol. |
| 1185 | 12492573 | In animals inoculated with 10(5) myeloma cells, treatment with IL-2 given as a single agent prolonged the median survival time (MST, 67 d) when compared with the tumour control group (MST 48 d), whereas GM-CSF did not elicit any survival benefit (MST 49 d). |
| 1186 | 12492573 | These data provide evidence for the combined use of GM-CSF and IL-2 to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of clinical cancer vaccination protocols. |
| 1187 | 12509944 | After secondary hormonal manipulations, new approaches include: second-line hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) therapy, dendritic cell therapy, gene vaccination therapy, inhibition and/or blockade of growth factor receptors or growth factor receptor pathways, inhibition of neo-angiogenesis and inhibition of invasion and metastases. |
| 1188 | 12536236 | The ability of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells to acquire dendritic cell (DC)-like characteristics in vitro with a rapid culture method based either on the phorbol ester PMA or calcium ionophores has been studied in comparison to conventional AML-DC cultures with the cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-3 (IL-3), SCF, FLT3-L and IL-4. |
| 1189 | 12536236 | The most mature APC were generated by calcium ionophore A23187 plus IL-4, as evidenced by the higher expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR. |
| 1190 | 12543793 | CpG oligonucleotides enhance the tumor antigen-specific immune response of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-based vaccine strategy in neuroblastoma. |
| 1191 | 12543793 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced autologous tumor cells form the basis of many immunotherapeutic strategies. |
| 1192 | 12543793 | Mechanistic studies showed that CpG alone induced a favorable Th-1-like cytokine immune response and vaccine-induced tumor cell killing was dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells that killed tumor cell targets by apoptosis. |
| 1193 | 12543793 | CpG oligonucleotides enhance the tumor antigen-specific immune response of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-based vaccine strategy in neuroblastoma. |
| 1194 | 12543793 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced autologous tumor cells form the basis of many immunotherapeutic strategies. |
| 1195 | 12543793 | Mechanistic studies showed that CpG alone induced a favorable Th-1-like cytokine immune response and vaccine-induced tumor cell killing was dependent on both CD4 and CD8 T cells that killed tumor cell targets by apoptosis. |
| 1196 | 12545248 | In this study we tested responding peripheral mononuclear cells from a patient with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had received intradermal peptide vaccination with a mixture of 17-mer mutant ras peptides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant. |
| 1197 | 12545248 | Responding peripheral T-cells were cloned by limiting dilution and several CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, specific for the K- RAS 12-Cys mutation were obtained. |
| 1198 | 12545248 | The cytotoxic T-lymphocytes were capable of killing target cells expressing HLA-A*0302 that coexpressed the K- RAS 12-Cys mutation after transfection. |
| 1199 | 12559795 | Sixty healthy nonresponders were randomized to receive intramuscular (IM) high dose hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine versus IM standard dose HBV vaccine plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) at 0-2 months. |
| 1200 | 12569574 | Effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and foreign helper protein as immunologic adjuvants on the T-cell response to vaccination with tyrosinase peptides. |
| 1201 | 12569574 | Forty-three high-risk melanoma patients who were clinically free of disease received 6 vaccinations with MHC class I-restricted tyrosinase peptides alone, with either GM-CSF or KLH or with a combination of both adjuvants. |
| 1202 | 12569574 | Tyrosinase-specific IFN-gamma-producing T cells were detected as early as 2 weeks after the second vaccination in 5 of 9 patients vaccinated with tyrosinase peptides in combination with GM-CSF and KLH but not in any patient vaccinated with tyrosinase peptides without adjuvants or in combination with either adjuvant alone. |
| 1203 | 12569574 | After 6 vaccinations, tyrosinase-specific T cells were found in patients immunized with peptides either without adjuvants (3 of 9 patients) or in combination with the single adjuvant GM-CSF (4 of 9 patients) but not with KLH (0 of 10 patients). |
| 1204 | 12569574 | Our results suggest that addition of either GM-CSF or KLH as a single adjuvant has little impact on the immunogenicity of tyrosinase peptides. |
| 1205 | 12576327 | Six patients with stage I IgG myeloma were immunized with the autologous purified M component together with the adjuvant cytokines interleukin 12 (IL-12) alone or in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1206 | 12586483 | Differentiation of porcine dendritic cells by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in Pichia pastoris. |
| 1207 | 12586483 | Strategies to enhance their function, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4 treatment to induce DC differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes, may therefore be useful as vaccine adjuvants. |
| 1208 | 12586483 | Differentiation of porcine dendritic cells by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed in Pichia pastoris. |
| 1209 | 12586483 | Strategies to enhance their function, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4 treatment to induce DC differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes, may therefore be useful as vaccine adjuvants. |
| 1210 | 12586798 | Vaccination with irradiated autologous tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor augments antitumor immunity in some patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma. |
| 1211 | 12594570 | The purpose of this work was to optimize the ex-vivo production of functional TAA-loaded DC that would produce interleukin-2 (IL-12) and enhance the T cell response. |
| 1212 | 12594570 | We generated ex-vivo DC from human monocytes with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4, and whole necrotic tumor cells (cell lysates) of cancer cell lines were used as model TAA. |
| 1213 | 12594570 | TNF-alpha matured DC phenotypically, but additional interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) treatment was necessary to achieve functional maturation, the production of significant amounts of IL-12. |
| 1214 | 12594570 | Our results suggest that after allowing 4 h of tumor lysate uptake by immature DC, further treatment with TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma for 24 h provides the optimal conditions to obtain functional TAA-loaded DC. |
| 1215 | 12601523 | We hypothesize that the concomitant expression of tumor antigen and anti-CD137 scFv effectively engages NK cells, monocytes and dendritic cells, as well as activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells (all of which express CD137) so as to induce and expand a tumor-destructive Th1 response. |
| 1216 | 12601523 | Before planning any clinical trials, vaccines that engage CD137 via scFv need to be compared in demanding mouse models for efficacy and side effects with vaccines that are already being tested clinically, including transfected DC and tumor cells producing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1217 | 12616109 | Phase I trial of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 as a combined immunotherapy for patients with cancer. |
| 1218 | 12616109 | The authors hypothesized that systemic administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin (IL)-4 might lead to the differentiation of DC from their precursors and enhance their number and function in vivo, as it does in vitro. |
| 1219 | 12616109 | Subjects with advanced malignancies were treated in this phase I, multiple cohort, dose-escalation trial combining GM-CSF (2.5 microgram/kg/d) plus IL-4 (0-6.0 microgram/kg/d). |
| 1220 | 12616109 | The MTD was determined to be GM-CSF 2.5 microgram/kg/d plus IL-4 6.0 microgram/kg/d (cohort E). |
| 1221 | 12616109 | Treatment in cohort D (GM-CSF 2.5 microgram/kg/d plus IL-4 4.0 microgram/kg/d) was well tolerated and resulted in a BAD. |
| 1222 | 12616109 | Systemic GM-CSF plus IL-4 provides a mechanism for increasing the number and function of APC in cancer patients. |
| 1223 | 12616109 | Phase I trial of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 as a combined immunotherapy for patients with cancer. |
| 1224 | 12616109 | The authors hypothesized that systemic administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plus interleukin (IL)-4 might lead to the differentiation of DC from their precursors and enhance their number and function in vivo, as it does in vitro. |
| 1225 | 12616109 | Subjects with advanced malignancies were treated in this phase I, multiple cohort, dose-escalation trial combining GM-CSF (2.5 microgram/kg/d) plus IL-4 (0-6.0 microgram/kg/d). |
| 1226 | 12616109 | The MTD was determined to be GM-CSF 2.5 microgram/kg/d plus IL-4 6.0 microgram/kg/d (cohort E). |
| 1227 | 12616109 | Treatment in cohort D (GM-CSF 2.5 microgram/kg/d plus IL-4 4.0 microgram/kg/d) was well tolerated and resulted in a BAD. |
| 1228 | 12616109 | Systemic GM-CSF plus IL-4 provides a mechanism for increasing the number and function of APC in cancer patients. |
| 1229 | 12622932 | A pilot study on the combined therapy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and hepatitis B vaccine on chronic hepatitis B virus carrier children. |
| 1230 | 12626761 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor generates potent, specific, and long-lasting antitumor immunity through improved tumor antigen presentation by dendritic cells and macrophages. |
| 1231 | 12626761 | Moreover, lymphocyte infiltrates in necrotic metastases included CD4+ and CD8+ T cells specific for ML-IAP, as revealed by proliferation, tetramer, enzyme-linked immunospot, and cytotoxicity analysis. |
| 1232 | 12641655 | Peripheral blood monocytes were differentiated into immature DCs with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and pulsed with an immunogenic tetanus toxoid peptide. |
| 1233 | 12641655 | However, stimulation with antigen-pulsed DCs overexpressing IotakappaBetaalpha, the endogenous inhibitor of NF-kappaB, led to a significant reduction in T-cell proliferation, and decreased production of interferon-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10, whereas transforming growth factor-beta production was low throughout. |
| 1234 | 12645861 | Twenty HLA-A2-expressing subjects with advanced stage prostate cancer were randomly assigned to one of four immunization or treatment schedules: (a) Flt3 ligand (20 microg/kg per day) administered subcutaneously daily for 14 days on a 28-day cycle, monthly for four months; (b) flt3 ligand course as above with the E75 peptide vaccine administered on day 7 of each flt3 ligand cycle; (c) flt3 ligand course as above with the E75 peptide vaccine administered on day 14 of each flt3 ligand cycle; or (d) E75 peptide admixed with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and administered intradermally once every 28 days, as has previously been reported. |
| 1235 | 12669245 | In vitro culture of immature DC generated from adherent peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) with OK432 at various doses (0.01 to 0.1 KE/ml) for 2 days resulted in increased cell surface expression of CD80, CD83, CD86 and ICAM-1 in a dose-dependent manner. |
| 1236 | 12669245 | Assay of cytokine production in OK-DC after 2 days in culture revealed that OK432 was a strong inducer of IL-12 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 1237 | 12682289 | MDX-CTLA4 stimulated extensive tumor necrosis with lymphocyte and granulocyte infiltrates in three of three metastatic melanoma patients and the reduction or stabilization of CA-125 levels in two of two metastatic ovarian carcinoma patients previously vaccinated with irradiated, autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells. |
| 1238 | 12706698 | Group 1 received non-coding plasmid DNA only (control), group 2 received the E2 coding plasmid (0.5mg) plus non-coding plasmid DNA (0.5mg) and groups 3 and 4 received the E2 coding plasmid plus plasmid encoding either bovine interleukin 2 (IL-2) or granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) respectively. |
| 1239 | 12738749 | Novel kidney cancer immunotherapy based on the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and carbonic anhydrase IX fusion gene. |
| 1240 | 12782709 | Vaccine immunity to pathogenic fungi overcomes the requirement for CD4 help in exogenous antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells: implications for vaccine development in immune-deficient hosts. |
| 1241 | 12782709 | In the absence of T helper cells, exogenous fungal antigens activated memory CD8+ cells in a major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted manner and CD8+ T cell-derived cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor-mediated durable vaccine immunity. |
| 1242 | 12789295 | In a murine melanoma model, we identified granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as the most potent molecule for augmenting tumor immunity following gene transfer into melanoma cells. |
| 1243 | 12789295 | Melanoma-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells, CD1d-restricted NKT-cells, and antibodies mediate tumor rejection. |
| 1244 | 12798646 | Regional recruitment of dendritic cells (DCs) by the local administration of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or Flt3-ligand (Flt3L) has vaccine adjuvant activity. |
| 1245 | 12798646 | Flow cytometric studies demonstrate that the LN-infiltrating DC is mainly of the CD11c(+)CD11b(-) phenotype (IL-12 producing). |
| 1246 | 12804136 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transduced tumor cells combined with tumor-derived gp96 inhibit tumor growth in mice. |
| 1247 | 12804136 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-based cancer cell vaccines have been shown to be potent inducers of antitumor immunity in several murine models, but the antitumor effects on established tumors have been minimal. |
| 1248 | 12804136 | Moreover, draining lymph nodes from mice immunized with irradiated LLC/GM cells and LLC-derived gp96 contained more migrating mature CD11c(+) cells (higher levels of CD86 and major histocompatibility complex [MHC] class II molecules) compared with those from any other immunization protocols. |
| 1249 | 12804136 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transduced tumor cells combined with tumor-derived gp96 inhibit tumor growth in mice. |
| 1250 | 12804136 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-based cancer cell vaccines have been shown to be potent inducers of antitumor immunity in several murine models, but the antitumor effects on established tumors have been minimal. |
| 1251 | 12804136 | Moreover, draining lymph nodes from mice immunized with irradiated LLC/GM cells and LLC-derived gp96 contained more migrating mature CD11c(+) cells (higher levels of CD86 and major histocompatibility complex [MHC] class II molecules) compared with those from any other immunization protocols. |
| 1252 | 12819068 | Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni via DNA priming and boosting with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80): adjuvant effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1253 | 12819068 | In the present study, we have employed DNA immunization protocols using Sm-p80 with plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1254 | 12819068 | Statistically, the protection conferred by including GM-CSF, but not IL-4, was significantly greater than that when only Sm-p80 was used. |
| 1255 | 12819068 | The introduction of GM-CSF DNA with Sm-p80 DNA led to distinct increases in total IgG and IgG1 titers, whereas the coadministration of IL-4 DNA with Sm-p80 DNA resulted in a slight elevation of IgG1 and IgG3 titers and in some reduction of IgG2A and IgG2B titers. |
| 1256 | 12819068 | Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni via DNA priming and boosting with the large subunit of calpain (Sm-p80): adjuvant effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1257 | 12819068 | In the present study, we have employed DNA immunization protocols using Sm-p80 with plasmids encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1258 | 12819068 | Statistically, the protection conferred by including GM-CSF, but not IL-4, was significantly greater than that when only Sm-p80 was used. |
| 1259 | 12819068 | The introduction of GM-CSF DNA with Sm-p80 DNA led to distinct increases in total IgG and IgG1 titers, whereas the coadministration of IL-4 DNA with Sm-p80 DNA resulted in a slight elevation of IgG1 and IgG3 titers and in some reduction of IgG2A and IgG2B titers. |
| 1260 | 12834622 | Costimulatory function of umbilical cord blood CD14+ and CD34+ derived dendritic cells. |
| 1261 | 12834622 | Dendritic cells (DCs) consist of a heterogeneous population of hematopoietic cells characterized by their unique dendritic morphology, their efficient antigen-presenting capability to activate naive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and their lack of lineage specific markers. |
| 1262 | 12834622 | CD14(+) monocytes and CD34(+) stem cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood and were induced to differentiate into dendritic cells using 100 ng/mL granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 25 ng/mL IL-4, 2.5 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), 100 ng/mL GM-CSF, 25 ng/mL stem cell factor, and 2.5 ng/mL TNF-alpha, respectively. |
| 1263 | 12834622 | Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the 14-day-old dendritic cells were CD80(+), CD86(+), CD83(+), CD54(+), CD1a(+), CD11b(+), CD11c(+), HLA-DR(+), CD34(-), CD3(-), CD19(-), CD14(-), and CD16(-). |
| 1264 | 12834622 | Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect expression of mRNA for CD80 and CD86. |
| 1265 | 12834622 | Differentiating monocytes initially expressed CD86 while CD80 appeared on day 2. |
| 1266 | 12834622 | Differentiating stem cells expressed CD80 and CD86 on day 2 of culture. |
| 1267 | 12834622 | The surface expression of CD80 and CD86 was studied over the course of differentiation. |
| 1268 | 12834622 | Prior to the functional assay, CD14(+) and CD34(+) derived DCs were stimulated for 18 h with 0.1 mg/mL and 1.0 mg/mL E. coli lipopolyssacharide, respectively. |
| 1269 | 12834622 | Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to CD80 and CD86 were employed to assess their costimulatory roles. |
| 1270 | 12834622 | A decrease of stimulation as depicted by decreased T cell activation was significant with mabs to both CD80 and CD86 on monocyte-derived DCs while only mabs to CD86 induced decreased T cell activation by stem cell-derived DCs. |
| 1271 | 12834622 | The varied functional role of CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules is associated with DC differentiation from distinct cord blood isolated hematopoietic lineages. |
| 1272 | 12843799 | Interferon-gamma or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administered as adjuvants with a vaccine of irradiated autologous tumor cells from short-term cell line cultures: a randomized phase 2 trial of the cancer biotherapy research group. |
| 1273 | 12843799 | The objective was to study the effects of patient-specific vaccine immunotherapy administered with either interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with metastatic cancer. |
| 1274 | 12843799 | Patients were stratified by tumor type and by whether they had measurable disease at the time vaccination was to commence, and then randomized to receive either 100 MIU IFNgamma subcutaneously or 500 microg GM-CSF subcutaneously at the time of each tumor cell vaccination. |
| 1275 | 12843799 | There were 49 patients (26 men, 23 women, average age 50.4 years) randomized to IFNgamma and 49 (28 men, 21 women, average age 54.1 years) to GM-CSF. |
| 1276 | 12843799 | For the patients who received IFNgamma, the objective response rate was 0 of 21; for patients who received GM-CSF the response rate was 1 of 26. |
| 1277 | 12843799 | The tumor DTH test converted from negative to positive in 13 of 45 of the IFNgamma group and 11 of 43 of the GM-CSF group. |
| 1278 | 12843799 | With 29 patients deceased in the IFNgamma arm and 31 in the GM-CSF arm, the 2-year and 5-year survival rates were 45% and 29% for the IFNgamma arm and 41% and 23% for the GM-CSF arm (NSD). |
| 1279 | 12843799 | Interferon-gamma or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor administered as adjuvants with a vaccine of irradiated autologous tumor cells from short-term cell line cultures: a randomized phase 2 trial of the cancer biotherapy research group. |
| 1280 | 12843799 | The objective was to study the effects of patient-specific vaccine immunotherapy administered with either interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with metastatic cancer. |
| 1281 | 12843799 | Patients were stratified by tumor type and by whether they had measurable disease at the time vaccination was to commence, and then randomized to receive either 100 MIU IFNgamma subcutaneously or 500 microg GM-CSF subcutaneously at the time of each tumor cell vaccination. |
| 1282 | 12843799 | There were 49 patients (26 men, 23 women, average age 50.4 years) randomized to IFNgamma and 49 (28 men, 21 women, average age 54.1 years) to GM-CSF. |
| 1283 | 12843799 | For the patients who received IFNgamma, the objective response rate was 0 of 21; for patients who received GM-CSF the response rate was 1 of 26. |
| 1284 | 12843799 | The tumor DTH test converted from negative to positive in 13 of 45 of the IFNgamma group and 11 of 43 of the GM-CSF group. |
| 1285 | 12843799 | With 29 patients deceased in the IFNgamma arm and 31 in the GM-CSF arm, the 2-year and 5-year survival rates were 45% and 29% for the IFNgamma arm and 41% and 23% for the GM-CSF arm (NSD). |
| 1286 | 12847287 | CD1d-restricted T cells regulate dendritic cell function and antitumor immunity in a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent fashion. |
| 1287 | 12847287 | Here we show that tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induce the expansion of CD1d-restricted T cells through a mechanism that involves CD1d and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 expression by CD8 alpha-, CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1288 | 12847287 | The antitumor immunity stimulated by vaccination with irradiated, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells was abrogated in CD1d- and J alpha 281-deficient mice, revealing a critical role for CD1d-restricted T cells in this response. |
| 1289 | 12847287 | CD1d-restricted T cells regulate dendritic cell function and antitumor immunity in a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent fashion. |
| 1290 | 12847287 | Here we show that tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induce the expansion of CD1d-restricted T cells through a mechanism that involves CD1d and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 expression by CD8 alpha-, CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1291 | 12847287 | The antitumor immunity stimulated by vaccination with irradiated, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells was abrogated in CD1d- and J alpha 281-deficient mice, revealing a critical role for CD1d-restricted T cells in this response. |
| 1292 | 12847287 | CD1d-restricted T cells regulate dendritic cell function and antitumor immunity in a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent fashion. |
| 1293 | 12847287 | Here we show that tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induce the expansion of CD1d-restricted T cells through a mechanism that involves CD1d and macrophage inflammatory protein 2 expression by CD8 alpha-, CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1294 | 12847287 | The antitumor immunity stimulated by vaccination with irradiated, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cells was abrogated in CD1d- and J alpha 281-deficient mice, revealing a critical role for CD1d-restricted T cells in this response. |
| 1295 | 12850812 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing the proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells, and the expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. |
| 1296 | 12850812 | The early response was characterized by high levels of inflammatory molecules, including IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MCP-1, later followed by expression of precursor Th1 cytokines, IL-12 and IL-18, concomitant with IFNgamma production. |
| 1297 | 12851699 | Murine neuroblastoma C1300 cells transduced with the interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene (C1300/IL-2, C1300/IL-4 or C1300/GM-CSF) were used as cytokine-producers. |
| 1298 | 12851699 | Glioma-specific CTL activity was equivalently induced in the rats vaccinated s.c. with irradiated 9L, irradiated IL-2-producing 9L cells or the mixed population of irradiated 9L and C1300/IL-2 cells, while the activity was relatively lower in the rats vaccinated with irradiated 9L cells mixed with either C1300/IL-4 or C1300/GM-CSF cells. |
| 1299 | 12851699 | In the rats immunized s.c. with irradiated 9L cells, intracerebral (i.c.) 9L tumors implanted together with either C1300/IL-2 or C1300/IL-4 were completely rejected. |
| 1300 | 12855617 | Immunization of colorectal carcinoma patients with a recombinant canarypox virus expressing the tumor antigen Ep-CAM/KSA (ALVAC-KSA) and granulocyte macrophage colony- stimulating factor induced a tumor-specific cellular immune response. |
| 1301 | 12874015 | DCs generated from peripheral blood using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4 showed immunophenotypes consistent with immature DCs (iDCs). |
| 1302 | 12874015 | Furthermore, OK-DCs showed significantly higher production of IL-12 and IFN-gamma compared with DCs with other stimulations. |
| 1303 | 12874015 | Furthermore, OK-432 does not activate nuclear factor kappaB through Toll-like receptor 2 or Toll-like receptor 4 in the indicator cell system; however, it induces IL-12 production through the beta(2) integrin system on DCs. |
| 1304 | 12881808 | One cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, is particularly important to the success of cancer immunotherapy. |
| 1305 | 12881808 | Some studies have shown the ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to enhance protective tumor immunity and help prolong survival rates. |
| 1306 | 12881808 | Currently, the National Cancer Institute (Frederick, MD) is conducting a large, randomized, multicenter, phase III trial comparing chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy followed by vaccination with Id-keyhole limpet hemocyanin plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1307 | 12881808 | One cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, is particularly important to the success of cancer immunotherapy. |
| 1308 | 12881808 | Some studies have shown the ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to enhance protective tumor immunity and help prolong survival rates. |
| 1309 | 12881808 | Currently, the National Cancer Institute (Frederick, MD) is conducting a large, randomized, multicenter, phase III trial comparing chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy followed by vaccination with Id-keyhole limpet hemocyanin plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1310 | 12881808 | One cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, is particularly important to the success of cancer immunotherapy. |
| 1311 | 12881808 | Some studies have shown the ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to enhance protective tumor immunity and help prolong survival rates. |
| 1312 | 12881808 | Currently, the National Cancer Institute (Frederick, MD) is conducting a large, randomized, multicenter, phase III trial comparing chemotherapy alone versus chemotherapy followed by vaccination with Id-keyhole limpet hemocyanin plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1313 | 12881809 | The cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, has been found to induce the maturation and enhance the viability of dendritic cells isolated from peripheral blood. |
| 1314 | 12881810 | "Prime and boost" techniques combining both types of vaccines and the addition of cytokines such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have resulted in enhanced T-cell responses. |
| 1315 | 12881810 | The combination of vaccinia or ALVAC vaccines with a triad of costimulatory molecules (B7.1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3) has also stimulated significant T-cell increases. |
| 1316 | 12885350 | MDA-MB-231, an HLA-A2(+), HER2/neu(+) allogeneic breast cancer cell line genetically modified to express the costimulatory molecule CD80 (B7-1), was used to vaccinate 30 women with previously treated stage IV breast cancer. |
| 1317 | 12885350 | Patients were vaccinated with 10(7) or 10(8) irradiated gene-modified tumor cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or BCG, three times at 2-week intervals and then monthly until progressive disease developed. |
| 1318 | 12885350 | One patient maintained an increased number of circulating tumor-specific, interferon gamma-secreting CD8(+) T cells for 24 months after the last vaccination. |
| 1319 | 12900373 | Synergistic effect of a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced tumor vaccine and systemic interleukin-2 in the treatment of murine colorectal cancer hepatic metastases. |
| 1320 | 12902523 | HER-2/neu-specific monoclonal antibodies collaborate with HER-2/neu-targeted granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting whole cell vaccination to augment CD8+ T cell effector function and tumor-free survival in Her-2/neu-transgenic mice. |
| 1321 | 12902523 | In vivo lymphocyte subpopulation depletion experiments demonstrate that the efficacy of Ab, alone or combined with vaccine, is dependent on both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 1322 | 12902523 | Furthermore, the in vivo antitumor effects of vaccine and Ab are associated with a significant increase in the number and function of neu-specific CD8(+) T cells. |
| 1323 | 12928384 | Regulation of the class II MHC pathway in primary human monocytes by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1324 | 12928384 | GM-CSF also increases expression of the costimulatory molecules CD86 and CD40, but not the differentiation marker CD1a or CD16. |
| 1325 | 12928384 | Expression of class II transactivator (CIITA) types I and III, but not IV, transcripts increases in response to GM-CSF. |
| 1326 | 12928384 | Furthermore, GM-CSF increases the amount of CIITA associated with the DR promoter. |
| 1327 | 12928384 | Thus, our data argue that the proinflammatory role of GM-CSF is mediated in part through increased expression of key molecules involved in the class II MHC pathway via induction of CIITA. |
| 1328 | 12939179 | [Specific immune responses in Balb/c mice induced by plasmid coexpressing hepatitis B surface antigen and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor]. |
| 1329 | 12947071 | Vaccination with irradiated, autologous melanoma cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by adenoviral-mediated gene transfer augments antitumor immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma. |
| 1330 | 12959322 | During the course of HIV-1 infection secretion of T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2, and antiviral interferon (IFN)-gamma, is generally decreased, whereas production of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, IL-4, IL-10, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, is increased. |
| 1331 | 12959322 | HIV-inductive cytokines include: TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IL-1 and IL-6, which stimulate HIV-1 replication in T cells and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15, which upregulate HIV-1 in T cells, and macrophage-colony stimulating factor, which stimulates HIV-1 in MDM. |
| 1332 | 12959322 | HIV-suppressive cytokines include: IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IL-16, which inhibit HIV-1 replication in T cells and MDM, and IL-10 and IL-13, which inhibit HIV-1 in MDM. |
| 1333 | 12959322 | Bifunctional cytokines such as IFN-gamma, IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have been shown to have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on HIV-1. |
| 1334 | 12959322 | The beta-chemokines, macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES are important inhibitors of macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1, whereas the alpha-chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 suppresses infection of T-tropic strains of HIV-1. |
| 1335 | 12959322 | During the course of HIV-1 infection secretion of T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-2, and antiviral interferon (IFN)-gamma, is generally decreased, whereas production of T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines, IL-4, IL-10, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, is increased. |
| 1336 | 12959322 | HIV-inductive cytokines include: TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, IL-1 and IL-6, which stimulate HIV-1 replication in T cells and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM), IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15, which upregulate HIV-1 in T cells, and macrophage-colony stimulating factor, which stimulates HIV-1 in MDM. |
| 1337 | 12959322 | HIV-suppressive cytokines include: IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IL-16, which inhibit HIV-1 replication in T cells and MDM, and IL-10 and IL-13, which inhibit HIV-1 in MDM. |
| 1338 | 12959322 | Bifunctional cytokines such as IFN-gamma, IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor have been shown to have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on HIV-1. |
| 1339 | 12959322 | The beta-chemokines, macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES are important inhibitors of macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1, whereas the alpha-chemokine stromal-derived factor-1 suppresses infection of T-tropic strains of HIV-1. |
| 1340 | 13680192 | Combination of monocyte-derived dendritic cells and activated T cells which express CD40 ligand: a new approach to cancer immunotherapy. |
| 1341 | 13680192 | To develop the basis for a new DC-based cancer vaccine, we investigated cell-to-cell interactions between human monocyte-derived DCs and autologous T cells that are activated to express the CD40 ligand (CD40L). |
| 1342 | 13680192 | Peripheral blood monocytes were cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) to induce differentiation of DCs. |
| 1343 | 13680192 | Coculture of these DCs and ATs induced significant production of interleukin 12 (IL-12) and also enhanced the production of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 1344 | 13680192 | Furthermore, coculture of DCs and ATs induced DCs to upregulate CD83 expression and stimulated migration of DCs toward the macrophage inflammatory protein 3-beta (MIP-3beta). |
| 1345 | 14512794 | Autologous monocytes were harvested from a single apheresis and cultured for 7 days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, yielding immature dendritic cells (iDCs), which were then cryopreserved until use. |
| 1346 | 14512794 | In vitro, melanoma patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) showed reduced cell surface expression of CD1a antigen on iDCs and reduced CD86 and HLA-DR expression on mDCs. |
| 1347 | 14573640 | This response was increased by the coadministration of a plasmid encoding the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (pGM-CSF). |
| 1348 | 14573640 | The cellular immune response was associated with the production of gamma interferon IFN-gamma and interleukin-2 (IL-2), indicating that this was a Th1-type response. |
| 1349 | 14575766 | Efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant for hepatitis B virus in patients with HIV infection. |
| 1350 | 14575766 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) is a cytokine with a potential vaccine adjuvant activity. |
| 1351 | 14575766 | Efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant for hepatitis B virus in patients with HIV infection. |
| 1352 | 14575766 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) is a cytokine with a potential vaccine adjuvant activity. |
| 1353 | 14575769 | In a first trial, Orf2 protein was found to be a major immunogen, inducing protection in a prime-boost protocol; the piglets received a first injection with plasmids directing Orf2 protein and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression, followed by a second injection, a fortnight later, associated with baculovirus-expressed Orf2 protein. |
| 1354 | 14577912 | We performed a phase I/II clinical trial in metastatic melanoma patients with an ultraviolet (UV)-inactivated nonreplicating recombinant vaccinia virus enabling the expression, from a single construct, of endoplasmic reticulum-targeted HLA-A0201-restricted Melan-A/MART-1(27-35), gp100(280-288), and tyrosinase(1-9) epitopes, together with CD80 and CD86 costimulatory proteins. |
| 1355 | 14577912 | Corresponding soluble peptides were used to boost responses and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was used as systemic adjuvant. |
| 1356 | 14581425 | Clinical and immunologic results of a randomized phase II trial of vaccination using four melanoma peptides either administered in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in adjuvant or pulsed on dendritic cells. |
| 1357 | 14583497 | Intratumoral vaccination with vaccinia-expressed tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor overcomes immunological ignorance to tumor antigen. |
| 1358 | 14583497 | Using a murine transitional cell carcinoma tumor model, MB49, which naturally expresses the male antigen HY, we evaluated whether tumor ignorance as determined by lack of a systemic immune response could be overcome by immunization with vaccinia expressed tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1359 | 14583497 | Intratumoral VVHY, VVGMCSF, and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (to produce CD4 help) generated splenic HY-specific CD8 CTLs, whereas immunization with the combination in the contralateral flank or single agents given intratumorally failed to yield a splenic response. |
| 1360 | 14583497 | Intratumoral vaccination with vaccinia-expressed tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor overcomes immunological ignorance to tumor antigen. |
| 1361 | 14583497 | Using a murine transitional cell carcinoma tumor model, MB49, which naturally expresses the male antigen HY, we evaluated whether tumor ignorance as determined by lack of a systemic immune response could be overcome by immunization with vaccinia expressed tumor antigen and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1362 | 14583497 | Intratumoral VVHY, VVGMCSF, and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (to produce CD4 help) generated splenic HY-specific CD8 CTLs, whereas immunization with the combination in the contralateral flank or single agents given intratumorally failed to yield a splenic response. |
| 1363 | 14607918 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-based melanoma cell vaccines immunize syngeneic and allogeneic recipients via host dendritic cells. |
| 1364 | 14611813 | Function of CD80 and CD86 on monocyte- and stem cell-derived dendritic cells. |
| 1365 | 14611813 | Dendritic cells (DCs) consist of a heterogeneous population of hematopoietic cells characterized by their unique dendritic morphology, their efficient antigen-presenting capability to activate naïve CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as their lack of lineage-specific markers. |
| 1366 | 14611813 | Human umbilical cord blood CD14+ monocytes and CD34+ stem cells were induced to differentiate into dendritic cells using 100 ng/mL granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), 25 ng/mL interleukin (II)-4, 2.5 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and 100 ng/mL GM-CSF, 25 ng/mL stem cell factor, and 2.5 ng/mL TNF-alpha, respectively. |
| 1367 | 14611813 | Differentiated dendritic cells were CD80+, CD86+, CD83+, CD54+, CD1a+, CD11b+, CD11c+, HLA-DR+, CD34-, CD3-, CD19-, CD14-, and CD16-. |
| 1368 | 14611813 | Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that differentiating monocytes initially expressed CD86 mRNA while CD80 mRNA appeared on Day 2. |
| 1369 | 14611813 | Differentiating stem cells expressed both CD80 and CD86 mRNA on Day 2 of culture. |
| 1370 | 14611813 | Monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to CD80 and CD86 were employed to assess their costimulatory roles. |
| 1371 | 14611813 | CD14 and CD34 derived DCs prior to the functional assay were stimulated for 18 h with 0.1 and 1.0 mg/mL Escherichia coli lipopolyssacharide, respectively. |
| 1372 | 14611813 | A decrease in stimulation as depicted by decreased T-cell activation was significant with mabs to both CD80 and CD86 on monocyte-derived DCs while only mabs to CD86 induced decreased T-cell activation by stem cell-derived DCs. |
| 1373 | 14611813 | The varied functional role of CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules is associated with DC differentiation from distinct cord blood-isolated hematopoietic lineages. |
| 1374 | 14627128 | Immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (imMo-DCs) isolated from human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 were exposed to maturation factors, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) plus prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and OK-432 for 2 days. |
| 1375 | 14627128 | OK-432 increased expression of activation- and maturation-related molecules such as HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, and CD86 in imMo-DCs at levels similar to that of TNF-alpha plus PGE2, and higher than that of LPS. |
| 1376 | 14627128 | Only OK-432 caused significant production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) p70 and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) at both the mRNA and protein levels in imMo-DCs. |
| 1377 | 14627128 | Neutralizing antibody against IL-12 p70 blocked IFN-gamma secretion from OK-432-stimulated Mo-DCs. |
| 1378 | 14627128 | IL-12 p70 produced by OK-432-stimulated imMo-DCs induced secretion of IFN-gamma by CD4+ T cells. |
| 1379 | 14627128 | Both secretion of IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma and activation of NF-kappaB induced by OK-432 were suppressed when imMo-DCs were pretreated with cytochalasin B. |
| 1380 | 14627128 | These results indicate that uptake of OK-432 by imMo-DCs is an early critical event for IL-12 p70 production and that NF-kappaB activation induced by OK-432 also contributes partially to IL-12 p70 production. |
| 1381 | 14629630 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained by leukapheresis were enriched for monocytes by immunomagnetic depletion of CD19+ B cells and CD2+ T cells employing the ISOLEX 300i device. |
| 1382 | 14629630 | After 5 days of culture of enriched monocytes in gas permeable Teflon bags, using serum-free medium supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin-4 (IL-4), immature DCs were generated. |
| 1383 | 14629630 | The generated matured transfected DCs show high expression of the antigens CD83, CD80, CD86 and human leucocyte antigen-DR. |
| 1384 | 14656385 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor vaccines (GVAX) in non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1385 | 14667270 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transfected autologous tumor cell vaccine: focus[correction to fcous] on non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1386 | 14667270 | However, recent clinical results with GVAX, a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced autologous tumor vaccine, may suggest otherwise. |
| 1387 | 14667270 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transfected autologous tumor cell vaccine: focus[correction to fcous] on non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1388 | 14667270 | However, recent clinical results with GVAX, a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced autologous tumor vaccine, may suggest otherwise. |
| 1389 | 14698597 | As a first evaluation, various aluminium hydroxide adjuvants and poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticulates with modified positively and negatively charged surfaces were prepared to adsorb granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) under different pH conditions. |
| 1390 | 14712315 | Tumor cells were transfected with murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or IL-4 plasmids employing the cationic lipid DOTAP, were irradiated (150 Gy) and kept frozen until use. |
| 1391 | 14712315 | While cell clones secreting GM-CSF were the most effective in wild-type tumor cell rejection, little or no effect was observed with clones secreting IL-4. |
| 1392 | 14741172 | Immunization of colorectal cancer patients with recombinant baculovirus-derived KSA (Ep-CAM) formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A in liposomal emulsion, with and without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1393 | 14741172 | The safety and immunologic effects of a vaccine consisting of recombinant baculovirus-derived KSA formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) in liposomes and emulsified in mineral oil were evaluated, with and without co-administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1394 | 14741172 | Seven of the 11 patients developed significant KSA-specific cellular immune responses as assessed by lymphoproliferation and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) ELISPOT assays. |
| 1395 | 14741172 | Co-administration of GM-CSF with this formulation is an effective method of generating KSA-specific T-helper (Th) 1-associated cellular immune responses. |
| 1396 | 14741172 | Immunization of colorectal cancer patients with recombinant baculovirus-derived KSA (Ep-CAM) formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A in liposomal emulsion, with and without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1397 | 14741172 | The safety and immunologic effects of a vaccine consisting of recombinant baculovirus-derived KSA formulated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) in liposomes and emulsified in mineral oil were evaluated, with and without co-administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1398 | 14741172 | Seven of the 11 patients developed significant KSA-specific cellular immune responses as assessed by lymphoproliferation and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) ELISPOT assays. |
| 1399 | 14741172 | Co-administration of GM-CSF with this formulation is an effective method of generating KSA-specific T-helper (Th) 1-associated cellular immune responses. |
| 1400 | 14767265 | Immunological effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and autologous tumor vaccine in patients with renal cell carcinoma. |
| 1401 | 14965375 | CCL3/MIP-1alpha is a potent immunostimulator when coexpressed with interleukin-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a leukemia/lymphoma vaccine. |
| 1402 | 14965375 | In the A20 leukemia/lymphoma vaccine model, we explored the efficacy of MIP-1alpha in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1403 | 14965375 | After subcutaneous injection of the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 or MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF combination vaccine, focal but pronounced infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed at the vaccination sites. |
| 1404 | 14965375 | In mice with preestablished leukemia/lymphoma, survival is significantly improved in animals treated with MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF- and MIP-1alpha + IL-2-secreting vaccines. |
| 1405 | 14965375 | Protection is superior in the MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF group, with the effects of MIP-1alpha and GM-CSF being synergistic. |
| 1406 | 14965375 | In contrast, suppression of lymphoblast proliferation by single-immunogen vaccines secreting MIP-1alpha, GM-CSF, or IL-2 alone does not translate to improved survival. |
| 1407 | 14965375 | The systemic protective effects afforded by the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 or MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF combination are mediated by different effector cell populations. |
| 1408 | 14965375 | In the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 group, antineoplastic defense is mediated by CD8+ T and NK cells, whereas in the MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF group CD4+ T cells are involved in addition to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, underscoring that T cell help is critical for long-term protection. |
| 1409 | 14965375 | CCL3/MIP-1alpha is a potent immunostimulator when coexpressed with interleukin-2 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in a leukemia/lymphoma vaccine. |
| 1410 | 14965375 | In the A20 leukemia/lymphoma vaccine model, we explored the efficacy of MIP-1alpha in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1411 | 14965375 | After subcutaneous injection of the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 or MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF combination vaccine, focal but pronounced infiltrates of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed at the vaccination sites. |
| 1412 | 14965375 | In mice with preestablished leukemia/lymphoma, survival is significantly improved in animals treated with MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF- and MIP-1alpha + IL-2-secreting vaccines. |
| 1413 | 14965375 | Protection is superior in the MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF group, with the effects of MIP-1alpha and GM-CSF being synergistic. |
| 1414 | 14965375 | In contrast, suppression of lymphoblast proliferation by single-immunogen vaccines secreting MIP-1alpha, GM-CSF, or IL-2 alone does not translate to improved survival. |
| 1415 | 14965375 | The systemic protective effects afforded by the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 or MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF combination are mediated by different effector cell populations. |
| 1416 | 14965375 | In the MIP-1alpha + IL-2 group, antineoplastic defense is mediated by CD8+ T and NK cells, whereas in the MIP-1alpha + GM-CSF group CD4+ T cells are involved in addition to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, underscoring that T cell help is critical for long-term protection. |
| 1417 | 14966373 | This study investigated the therapeutic effects of live or irradiated tumor cell vaccines that secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on established orthotopic liver tumors. |
| 1418 | 14970281 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified autologous tumor vaccines in non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1419 | 14970281 | To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of vaccination with autologous tumor cells genetically modified with an adenoviral vector (Ad-GM) to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), we conducted a phase I/II multicenter trial in patients with early and advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
| 1420 | 14970281 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified autologous tumor vaccines in non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1421 | 14970281 | To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of vaccination with autologous tumor cells genetically modified with an adenoviral vector (Ad-GM) to secrete human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), we conducted a phase I/II multicenter trial in patients with early and advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
| 1422 | 14974915 | Thyroid cancer immuno-therapy with retroviral and adenoviral vectors expressing granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor and interleukin-12 in a rat model. |
| 1423 | 14984494 | Retroviral transduction of acute myeloid leukaemia-derived dendritic cells with OX40 ligand augments their antigen presenting activity. |
| 1424 | 14984494 | In the present study, we examined whether the transduction of leukaemia-DCs with OX40 ligand (OX40L), a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family, resulted in augmentation of their antigen presenting activity. |
| 1425 | 14984494 | Fresh leukaemic cells from five patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) were isolated and retrovirally transduced with OX40L during the culture with a combination of cytokines from stem cell factor, fms-like tyrosine kinase (Flt)-3 ligand, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and TNF-alpha. |
| 1426 | 14984494 | After 7 d, the majority of cells showed DC-like morphology, and expressed higher levels of CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR than fresh leukaemic cells. |
| 1427 | 14984494 | Co-culture of allogeneic CD4+ T cells with OX40L-transduced leukaemia-DCs was superior in the generation of interferon (IFN)-gamma producing CD4+ T cells and in production of IFN-gamma. |
| 1428 | 15003639 | In this study, we primed E8 gene vaccination with mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF), a cytokine that induces differentiation and local recruitment of professional antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1429 | 15010829 | DCs were generated from the patients' autologous monocyte-enriched fractions of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1430 | 15013994 | Three ophthalmic sponges, Weck-Cel, Ultracell, and Merocel, were loaded in vitro with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), immunoglobulin A (IgA), or IgG, and sponges were extracted and evaluated for total recovery by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 1431 | 15013994 | There was excellent (>75%) recovery for all immune markers from all three devices except for IL-6, which was poorly recovered (<60%) for all sponge types, IFN-gamma, which was poorly recovered from both Weck-Cel and Ultracell sponges but was completely recovered from Merocel sponges, and IL-4, which was poorly recovered from Weck-Cel sponges but was completely recovered from Ultracell or Merocel sponges. |
| 1432 | 15013994 | We then compared the absolute recovery of selected markers (IL-10, IL-12, IgG, and IgA) from cervical secretion specimens collected from women using each type of sponge. |
| 1433 | 15013994 | There were no significant differences in the recoveries of IL-10, IL-12, and IgG from cervical specimens collected by any type of ophthalmic sponge, but there was reduced IgA recovery from Merocel sponges. |
| 1434 | 15013994 | We infer from our data that the three collection devices are adequate for the measurements of IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IgG. |
| 1435 | 15013994 | Merocel may be a better ophthalmic sponge for the collection of cervical secretions and measurements of IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, and IFN-gamma, but our data from clinical specimens, not in vitro-loaded sponges, suggested the possibility of reduced recovery of IgA. |
| 1436 | 15015780 | Subcutaneous vaccination using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced glioma cells substantially prolongs survival in the mouse GL261 glioma model. |
| 1437 | 15015780 | To potentiate the efficacy of GM-CSF-based vaccination, syngeneic C57BL/6 mice bearing pre-implanted intracerebral GL261 gliomas were vaccinated twice subcutaneously with various combinations of glioma cells retrovirally engineered to release GM-CSF, interleukin (IL)-4 or macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha. |
| 1438 | 15015780 | More than 80% of the animals vaccinated with GM-CSF-secreting or GM-CSF- and IL-4-secreting cells were long-term survivors (> 120 days). |
| 1439 | 15015780 | The combination of IL-4 with GM-CSF did not provide a survival advantage over GM-CSF alone, regardless of whether the animals carried a small or large intracranial tumor load. |
| 1440 | 15015780 | Further, when the animals were vaccinated with a mixture of GM-CSF-, IL-4- and MIP-1alpha-secreting cells, the median survival was 37 days, and only 22% of the animals in this group were long-term survivors, similar to the vaccination effect of non-modified glioma cells. |
| 1441 | 15015780 | Thus, unexpectedly, the co-expression of MIP-1alpha, which was meant to attract T cells for stimulation by GM-CSF- and IL-4-stimulated dendritic cells, nullified the induction of an immune response against the GL261 glioma by a GM-CSF- and IL-4-expressing subcutaneous vaccine. |
| 1442 | 15068863 | The effect of imiquimod was further compared to that of recombinant granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a known DNA vaccine adjuvant. |
| 1443 | 15069124 | Re: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-modified autologous tumor vaccines in non-small-cell lung cancer. |
| 1444 | 15086722 | Ovarian carcinoma anti-idiotypic antibody 6B11 was murine derived; we previously have cloned 6B11 single-chain Fv antibody (6B11ScFv) and constructed the 6B11ScFv/human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fusion protein (designated as 6B11GM) to enhance the immunogenecity of the single-chain Ab(2). |
| 1445 | 15086722 | Moreover, the fusion protein stimulated proliferation of CD4+ T cell from the spleen of BALB/c mice and proliferation of CD8+ T cell to a lesser degree. |
| 1446 | 15099465 | [Antivirus effect of plasmid co expressing hepatitis B surface antigen and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor]. |
| 1447 | 15099757 | Dendritic cell-like cells (Mo-DCs) generated from peripheral blood monocytes with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have been used as tools to treat cancer patients (DC-vaccines). |
| 1448 | 15099757 | In addition, we collected Mo-DCs from the collagen gels by collagenase treatment and analyzed the expression of antigen presentation-related molecules such as HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, and CD86 on Mo-DCs. |
| 1449 | 15102698 | DC-AdCCL21 administration led to increases in the CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD3(+)CXCR3(+) T cells, as well as DC expressing CD11c(+) DEC205(+). |
| 1450 | 15102698 | CD4(+)CD25(+) T-regulatory cells infiltrating the tumors were markedly reduced after DC-AdCCL21 therapy. |
| 1451 | 15102698 | The tumor site cellular infiltrates were accompanied by the enhanced elaboration of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IFN-gamma, MIG/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, and interleukin 12, but decreases in the immunosuppressive mediators transforming growth factor beta and prostaglandin E(2). |
| 1452 | 15102698 | In vivo depletion of IP-10/CXCL10, MIG/CXCL9, or IFN-gamma significantly reduced the antitumor efficacy of DC-AdCCL21. |
| 1453 | 15103320 | Two immunizations with an HIV-1 envelope-encoding plasmid together with recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rGM-CSF) resulted in high antibody titers in mice. |
| 1454 | 15124132 | Allogeneic and peptide vaccines and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor are also being evaluated. |
| 1455 | 15145059 | Isolation, expression and bioactivity of feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1456 | 15145059 | A cDNA encoding feline granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor was cloned from alveolar macrophages using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). |
| 1457 | 15145059 | Isolation, expression and bioactivity of feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1458 | 15145059 | A cDNA encoding feline granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor was cloned from alveolar macrophages using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). |
| 1459 | 15147122 | Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor augmented hepatitis B vaccine protocol for rapid seroprotection in voluntary kidney donors. |
| 1460 | 15149785 | We determined if the genetic adjuvants, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and B7-2, could improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of an HIV-2 DNA vaccine. |
| 1461 | 15161680 | Durable carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in colorectal carcinoma patients vaccinated with recombinant CEA and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1462 | 15204102 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor: an adjuvant for cancer vaccines. |
| 1463 | 15204102 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing the proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells, and the expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. |
| 1464 | 15204102 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor: an adjuvant for cancer vaccines. |
| 1465 | 15204102 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing the proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells, and the expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. |
| 1466 | 15233729 | Encouraging studies involving cytokines such as granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-18, and many others are examined. |
| 1467 | 15233729 | Notable chemokines that may offer hope in such efforts include IL-8, RANTES, CCL19, CCL21, and a few others. |
| 1468 | 15233729 | In addition, as more is discovered regarding the requirements for memory development of T cells, boosters involving key cytokines such as IL-15 and IL-23 may prove beneficial to long-term maintenance of the memory pool. |
| 1469 | 15240755 | We found that monocytes infected with BCG differentiate into CD1a- DCs (BCG-DCs) in the presence of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4 and acquired a mature phenotype in the absence of maturation stimuli. |
| 1470 | 15240755 | In addition, BCG-DCs produced proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6) and IL-10 but not IL-12. |
| 1471 | 15258462 | Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) augments host immunity through improved tumor antigen presentation by recruited dendritic cells and macrophages. |
| 1472 | 15279716 | Dendritic cells were derived from freshly isolated monocytes after 7 days of culture with IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, pulsed with autologous tumor RNA, and then cryopreserved. |
| 1473 | 15280930 | A phase I trial of pVAX/PSA, together with cytokine granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (Molgramostim) and IL-2 (Aldesleukin) as vaccine adjuvants, was carried out in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer. |
| 1474 | 15280930 | A PSA-specific cellular immune response, measured by IFN-gamma production against recombinant PSA protein, and a rise in anti-PSA IgG were detected in two of three patients after vaccination in the highest dose cohort. |
| 1475 | 15280930 | A decrease in the slope of PSA was observed in the two patients exhibiting IFN-gamma production to PSA. |
| 1476 | 15280930 | We demonstrate that DNA vaccination with a PSA-coding plasmid vector, given with GM-CSF and IL-2 to patients with prostate cancer, is safe and in doses of 900 microg the vaccine can induce cellular and humoral immune responses against PSA protein. |
| 1477 | 15289501 | Mesothelin-specific CD8(+) T cell responses provide evidence of in vivo cross-priming by antigen-presenting cells in vaccinated pancreatic cancer patients. |
| 1478 | 15289501 | A clinical trial of vaccination with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor-transduced pancreatic cancer lines was designed to test whether cross-presentation by locally recruited APCs can activate pancreatic tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells. |
| 1479 | 15289501 | We report here the consistent induction of CD8(+) T cell responses to multiple HLA-A2, A3, and A24-restricted mesothelin epitopes exclusively in the three patients with vaccine-induced DTH responses. |
| 1480 | 15294176 | We investigated the feasibility of using N-terminal rat neu DNA immunization on mouse tumor overexpressing endogenous p185neu and enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of this vaccine by fusion to various cytokine genes, including interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1481 | 15294176 | In a therapeutic model, N'-neu-IL-2 DNA vaccine was significantly better than N'-neu DNA vaccine, and N'-neu DNA vaccine was significantly better than control DNA or N'-neu-IL-4 DNA vaccine. |
| 1482 | 15294176 | Depletion of CD8+ T cells completely abolished the therapeutic effects of N'-neu-IL-2 DNA vaccine and N'-neu DNA vaccine. |
| 1483 | 15294176 | Depletion of CD4+ T cells after tumor implantation had no influence on N'-neu-IL-2 DNA vaccine, but enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of N'-neu DNA vaccine. |
| 1484 | 15294176 | Depletion of CD4+ T cells or fusion to the IL-2 gene can thus further enhance the therapeutic effects of N'-neu DNA immunization on mouse tumor expressing endogenous p185neu. |
| 1485 | 15308352 | Granulocyte/macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a valuable adjuvant to enhance induction of cellular immune responses in rodents. |
| 1486 | 15315837 | OX40 ligand (OX40L), a member of TNF superfamily, is a co-stimulatory molecule involved in T cell activation. |
| 1487 | 15315837 | Vaccination with OX40L was significantly enhanced by combination treatment with intra-tumour injection of a disabled infectious single cycle-herpes simplex virus (DISC-HSV) vector encoding murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF). |
| 1488 | 15315837 | Tumour rejection in response to OX40L therapy required functional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and correlated with splenocyte cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) activity against the AH-1 gp70 peptide of the tumour associated antigen expressed by CT26 cells. |
| 1489 | 15318164 | In inbred BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, coadministration of a plasmid expressing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF), increased antibody and T-cell responses, but in outbred CD-1 mice, coadministration of mGM-CSF was associated with a decrease in antibody responses. |
| 1490 | 15342423 | High-dose granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing vaccines impair the immune response through the recruitment of myeloid suppressor cells. |
| 1491 | 15342423 | Among them, tumor cells genetically engineered to secrete biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can generate a systemic antitumor immune response. |
| 1492 | 15342423 | Above this threshold, GM-CSF induced Gr1+/CD11b+ myeloid suppressor cells that substantially impaired antigen-specific T-cell responses and adversely affected antitumor immune responses in vivo. |
| 1493 | 15342423 | High-dose granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing vaccines impair the immune response through the recruitment of myeloid suppressor cells. |
| 1494 | 15342423 | Among them, tumor cells genetically engineered to secrete biologically active granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can generate a systemic antitumor immune response. |
| 1495 | 15342423 | Above this threshold, GM-CSF induced Gr1+/CD11b+ myeloid suppressor cells that substantially impaired antigen-specific T-cell responses and adversely affected antitumor immune responses in vivo. |
| 1496 | 15342937 | Selective generation of different dendritic cell precursors from CD34+ cells by interleukin-6 and interleukin-3. |
| 1497 | 15342937 | Several cytokines, especially stem cell factor (SCF) and FLT3-ligand (FL), have been identified as essential to produce large numbers of myeloid precursors and even to increase DC yield obtained by the action of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). |
| 1498 | 15342937 | We report here that in the absence of serum, SCF, FL, and thrombopoietin (TPO) plus interleukin-6 (IL-6) and SCF, FL, and TPO plus IL-3 were able to generate CD14+CD1a- and CD14- CD1a+ myeloid DC precursors from CD34+ cells, but IL-6 had an inhibitory effect on the generation of CD14- CD1a+ cells. |
| 1499 | 15342937 | Both DC precursors differentiated into mature DCs by GM-CSF, IL-4, and TNF-alpha, and DCs obtained from both types of culture exhibited equal allostimulatory capacity. |
| 1500 | 15342937 | CD1a+ DCs generated could be identified on the basis of DC-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) expression, a novel C-type lectin receptor expressed on dermal DCs but not on Langerhans cells. |
| 1501 | 15342937 | In addition, the inclusion of IL-3 to the culture medium induced the appearance of CD13- cells that differentiated into plasmacytoid DC (DC2) on the addition of TNF-alpha, allowing the identification of developmental stages of DC2. |
| 1502 | 15454634 | Peptides were derived from granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF), the placental 27 kDa heat-shock protein (HSP), leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), oviduct glycoprotein (OGP), proliferin (PLF), prolactin (PRL), sperm protein SP56 and mouse zona pellucida subunits 1 and 3 (ZP1, ZP3). |
| 1503 | 15454634 | The most effective conjugated peptides (SP56, GMCSF and PRL) induced peptide-specific serum antibodies and reduced fertility by 50%. |
| 1504 | 15454634 | The most effective polyepitope antigen (containing PLF, SP56, ZP1 and ZP3 peptides) reduced fertility by 50% but induced only SP56 and ZP1 antibodies. |
| 1505 | 15455351 | The antitumor activity of intratumoral rF-TRICOM was superior to that of the intratumoral injection of a fowlpox vector expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rF-GM-CSF). |
| 1506 | 15496276 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines: as adjuncts to cancer immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and vaccines. |
| 1507 | 15496276 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte-colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) differ by their effects on enhancing the numbers or activity of DC1 or DC2 subsets of DCs, respectively. |
| 1508 | 15496276 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines: as adjuncts to cancer immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation, and vaccines. |
| 1509 | 15496276 | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte-colony- stimulating factor (G-CSF) differ by their effects on enhancing the numbers or activity of DC1 or DC2 subsets of DCs, respectively. |
| 1510 | 15548715 | Highly successful therapeutic vaccinations combining dendritic cells and tumor cells secreting granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1511 | 15548715 | In an attempt to induce potent immune antitumor activities, we investigated, within the rat 9L gliosarcoma model, distal therapeutic vaccinations associating three therapies: dendritic cell vaccination, intratumoral granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene transfer, and tumor apoptosis induction. |
| 1512 | 15548715 | The curative responses were correlated with the detection of elevated specific cytotoxic activities and a CD4+, CD8+ T cell-, and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated IFN-gamma production. |
| 1513 | 15548715 | Highly successful therapeutic vaccinations combining dendritic cells and tumor cells secreting granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1514 | 15548715 | In an attempt to induce potent immune antitumor activities, we investigated, within the rat 9L gliosarcoma model, distal therapeutic vaccinations associating three therapies: dendritic cell vaccination, intratumoral granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene transfer, and tumor apoptosis induction. |
| 1515 | 15548715 | The curative responses were correlated with the detection of elevated specific cytotoxic activities and a CD4+, CD8+ T cell-, and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated IFN-gamma production. |
| 1516 | 15604233 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 fusion cDNA for cancer gene immunotherapy. |
| 1517 | 15604233 | Genetic engineering of tumor cells to express both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-2 can induce synergistic immune antitumor effects. |
| 1518 | 15604233 | We hypothesized that a GM-CSF and IL-2 fusion transgene (GIFT) could circumvent such limitations yet preserve synergistic features. |
| 1519 | 15604233 | We designed a fusion cDNA of murine GM-CSF and IL-2. |
| 1520 | 15604233 | In mice with established melanoma, B16GIFT therapeutic cellular vaccine significantly improved tumor-free survival when compared with B16 expressing both IL-2 and GM-CSF. |
| 1521 | 15604233 | We show that GIFT induced a significantly greater tumor site recruitment of macrophages than combined GM-CSF and IL-2 and that macrophage recruitment arises from novel chemotactic feature of GIFT. |
| 1522 | 15604233 | In contrast to suppression by GM-CSF of natural killer (NK) cell recruitment despite coexpression of IL-2, GIFT leads to significant functional NK cell infiltration as confirmed in NK-defective beige mice. |
| 1523 | 15604233 | In conclusion, we demonstrated that a fusion between GM-CSF and IL-2 can invoke greater antitumor effect than both cytokines in combination, and novel immunobiological properties can arise from such chimeric constructs. |
| 1524 | 15604233 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 fusion cDNA for cancer gene immunotherapy. |
| 1525 | 15604233 | Genetic engineering of tumor cells to express both granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-2 can induce synergistic immune antitumor effects. |
| 1526 | 15604233 | We hypothesized that a GM-CSF and IL-2 fusion transgene (GIFT) could circumvent such limitations yet preserve synergistic features. |
| 1527 | 15604233 | We designed a fusion cDNA of murine GM-CSF and IL-2. |
| 1528 | 15604233 | In mice with established melanoma, B16GIFT therapeutic cellular vaccine significantly improved tumor-free survival when compared with B16 expressing both IL-2 and GM-CSF. |
| 1529 | 15604233 | We show that GIFT induced a significantly greater tumor site recruitment of macrophages than combined GM-CSF and IL-2 and that macrophage recruitment arises from novel chemotactic feature of GIFT. |
| 1530 | 15604233 | In contrast to suppression by GM-CSF of natural killer (NK) cell recruitment despite coexpression of IL-2, GIFT leads to significant functional NK cell infiltration as confirmed in NK-defective beige mice. |
| 1531 | 15604233 | In conclusion, we demonstrated that a fusion between GM-CSF and IL-2 can invoke greater antitumor effect than both cytokines in combination, and novel immunobiological properties can arise from such chimeric constructs. |
| 1532 | 15604282 | Lymph nodes draining a progressively growing murine melanoma tumor transduced to secrete granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor were harvested and activated in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody followed by expansion in IL-2 for a total of 5 days in culture. |
| 1533 | 15604282 | This was accompanied by decreased secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine, IFN-gamma, and increased secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. |
| 1534 | 15613691 | Phase I study of sequential vaccinations with fowlpox-CEA(6D)-TRICOM alone and sequentially with vaccinia-CEA(6D)-TRICOM, with and without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in patients with carcinoembryonic antigen-expressing carcinomas. |
| 1535 | 15652670 | A DNA vaccine encoding genetic fusions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1536 | 15652670 | The anti-tumor immunologic effects of plasmid DNA vaccines encoding human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) fused to mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were examined. |
| 1537 | 15652670 | In contrast, a single low-dose immunization with CEA-GMCSF fusion plasmids provided better tumor protection than low-dose CEA plasmid alone and resulted in lower titers of GM-CSF antibodies. |
| 1538 | 15652670 | A DNA vaccine encoding genetic fusions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1539 | 15652670 | The anti-tumor immunologic effects of plasmid DNA vaccines encoding human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) fused to mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were examined. |
| 1540 | 15652670 | In contrast, a single low-dose immunization with CEA-GMCSF fusion plasmids provided better tumor protection than low-dose CEA plasmid alone and resulted in lower titers of GM-CSF antibodies. |
| 1541 | 15665624 | We report on 10 patients with resected American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)stage IIA-IIIC melanoma receiving individualized adjuvant peptide vaccinations derived from the melanosomal antigens MelanA/MART1, gp100 and tyrosinase, according to patient tumor associated HLA restricted antigen expression, in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1542 | 15669088 | The idiotype (Id)-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) fusion proteins are potential vaccines for immunotherapy of B-cell lymphoma. |
| 1543 | 15683451 | In a clinical phase I/II study, monocyte-derived DC were generated in vitro utilizing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and rh-interleukin-4 (IL-4) and used for cancer immunotherapy. |
| 1544 | 15683451 | Polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:C) + tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) induced significant IL-12 p70 secretion, which was increased after addition of a decoy IL-10 receptor. |
| 1545 | 15683451 | The lymph node homing chemokine receptor CCR-7 expression was induced by TNF-alpha + IL-1beta + IL-6 + prostaglandin E2 but was not induced by Poly I:C + TNF-alpha. |
| 1546 | 15683451 | In general, DC from patients had an intermediate maturity phenotype with a significantly higher expression of CD40 and CD54 compared with healthy donors. |
| 1547 | 15705910 | Diverse CD8+ T-cell responses to renal cell carcinoma antigens in patients treated with an autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transduced renal tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1548 | 15705910 | A phase I clinical trial with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor cell vaccines in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed immune cell infiltration at vaccine sites and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to autologous tumor cells indicative of T-cell immunity. |
| 1549 | 15705910 | A third line recognized a unique HLA-A*0101-restricted RCC antigen derived from a mutated KIAA1440 gene specific to the tumor. |
| 1550 | 15705910 | In addition, two independent CTL lines and three clones were also generated from patient 26 and they recognized autologous tumor cells restricted through HLA-A*0205, HLA-A/B/C, and HLA-B/C. |
| 1551 | 15705910 | These results show that paracrine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor vaccines may generate a diverse repertoire of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses and emphasize the importance of polyvalency in the design of cancer immunotherapies. |
| 1552 | 15705910 | Diverse CD8+ T-cell responses to renal cell carcinoma antigens in patients treated with an autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transduced renal tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1553 | 15705910 | A phase I clinical trial with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor cell vaccines in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed immune cell infiltration at vaccine sites and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to autologous tumor cells indicative of T-cell immunity. |
| 1554 | 15705910 | A third line recognized a unique HLA-A*0101-restricted RCC antigen derived from a mutated KIAA1440 gene specific to the tumor. |
| 1555 | 15705910 | In addition, two independent CTL lines and three clones were also generated from patient 26 and they recognized autologous tumor cells restricted through HLA-A*0205, HLA-A/B/C, and HLA-B/C. |
| 1556 | 15705910 | These results show that paracrine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor vaccines may generate a diverse repertoire of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses and emphasize the importance of polyvalency in the design of cancer immunotherapies. |
| 1557 | 15705910 | Diverse CD8+ T-cell responses to renal cell carcinoma antigens in patients treated with an autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene-transduced renal tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1558 | 15705910 | A phase I clinical trial with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor cell vaccines in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) showed immune cell infiltration at vaccine sites and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to autologous tumor cells indicative of T-cell immunity. |
| 1559 | 15705910 | A third line recognized a unique HLA-A*0101-restricted RCC antigen derived from a mutated KIAA1440 gene specific to the tumor. |
| 1560 | 15705910 | In addition, two independent CTL lines and three clones were also generated from patient 26 and they recognized autologous tumor cells restricted through HLA-A*0205, HLA-A/B/C, and HLA-B/C. |
| 1561 | 15705910 | These results show that paracrine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor tumor vaccines may generate a diverse repertoire of tumor-reactive CD8+ T-cell responses and emphasize the importance of polyvalency in the design of cancer immunotherapies. |
| 1562 | 15713517 | The CD14+ cells were placed in culture in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) and Interleukin 4 (IL-4). |
| 1563 | 15715049 | BM mononuclear cells from 3 dogs with melanoma and from 1 healthy dog were cultured for 12 days in media supplemented with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, stem cell factor, tumor necrosis factor, and Flt-3 ligand. |
| 1564 | 15715049 | Phenotypic analysis of the expanded DC population demonstrated expression of CD11c/CD18 and major histocompatibility complex class II surface markers, and ultrastructural features characteristic of DCs were observed on electron microscopy. |
| 1565 | 15720438 | A soluble LAG-3 (CD223) molecule (sLAG-3) is a natural, high-affinity ligand for MHC class II. |
| 1566 | 15720438 | It is known to induce maturation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in vitro and is used as a vaccine adjuvant to induce CD4 T helper type 1 responses and CD8 T-cell responses in vivo. |
| 1567 | 15720438 | Here, we demonstrate that sLAG-3 (but not an MHC class II-specific monoclonal antibody) reduces the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as well as their differentiation into dendritic cells in the presence of GM-CSF and interleukin-4, as shown by a decrease in CD14 and CD1a expression, respectively. |
| 1568 | 15728523 | MAGE-A1-, MAGE-A10-, and gp100-derived peptides are immunogenic when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and montanide ISA-51 adjuvant and administered as part of a multipeptide vaccine for melanoma. |
| 1569 | 15728523 | We report in this study that at least three of these five peptides (MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622)) are immunogenic when administered with GM-CSF in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant. |
| 1570 | 15728523 | Most importantly, tumor cell lines expressing the appropriate HLA-A restriction element and MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, or gp100 proteins were lysed by corresponding CTL. |
| 1571 | 15728523 | This report supports the continued use of the MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622) epitopes in peptide-based melanoma vaccines and thus expands the list of immunogenic peptide Ags available for human use. |
| 1572 | 15728523 | Cancer-testis Ags are expressed in multiple types of cancer; thus the MAGE-A1(96-104) and MAGE-A10(254-262) peptides may be considered for inclusion in vaccines against cancers of other histologic types, in addition to melanoma. |
| 1573 | 15730392 | Mature dendritic cells differentiated in the presence of interferon-beta and interleukin-3 prime functional antigen-specific CD8 T cells. |
| 1574 | 15730392 | Monocytes incubated in the presence of interferon (IFN)-beta and interleukin (IL)-3 give rise to a distinct type of DCs (IFN-beta/IL-3 DCs) that are particularly efficient at eliciting IFN-gamma and IL-5 production by allogeneic helper T cells. |
| 1575 | 15730392 | We assessed the capacity of this new type of DCs to prime antigen-specific naive CD8(+) T cells and compared them to the conventional DCs differentiated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4 (GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs). |
| 1576 | 15730392 | We demonstrate that IFN-beta/IL-3 DCs matured by TLR3 or CD40 ligation efficiently prime Melan-A(26-35)-specific CD8(+) T cells in vitro, at a similar level as GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs. |
| 1577 | 15730392 | Activated antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells produced IFN-gamma and displayed potent cytotoxic activity against peptide-pulsed target cells. |
| 1578 | 15730392 | Expansion of CD8(+) T cell numbers was generally higher following priming with CD40-L than with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) matured DCs. |
| 1579 | 15730392 | These data indicate that IFN-beta/IL-3 DCs represent a promising cell population for the immunotherapy of cancer. |
| 1580 | 15746069 | Induction of T-cell apoptosis in rats by genetically engineered glioma cells expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and B7.1. |
| 1581 | 15780740 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent immune stimulant when administered with different vaccines. |
| 1582 | 15781661 | Administration of IFN-alpha enhances the efficacy of a granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1583 | 15781661 | The studies reported herein show that 50% of mice reject established B16 tumors following treatment with the combination of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine (B16.GM) and subclinical doses of recombinant murine IFN-alpha delivered at the vaccine site. |
| 1584 | 15781661 | Furthermore, a 30-fold increase in the frequency of melanoma-associated antigen (Trp-2 and gp100) specific T cells was observed in mice treated with the combination when compared with unvaccinated controls. |
| 1585 | 15781661 | These data show that IFN-alpha combined with a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine significantly enhances vaccine potency and may represent a potential new approach for tumor immunotherapy. |
| 1586 | 15781661 | Administration of IFN-alpha enhances the efficacy of a granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1587 | 15781661 | The studies reported herein show that 50% of mice reject established B16 tumors following treatment with the combination of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine (B16.GM) and subclinical doses of recombinant murine IFN-alpha delivered at the vaccine site. |
| 1588 | 15781661 | Furthermore, a 30-fold increase in the frequency of melanoma-associated antigen (Trp-2 and gp100) specific T cells was observed in mice treated with the combination when compared with unvaccinated controls. |
| 1589 | 15781661 | These data show that IFN-alpha combined with a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine significantly enhances vaccine potency and may represent a potential new approach for tumor immunotherapy. |
| 1590 | 15781661 | Administration of IFN-alpha enhances the efficacy of a granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1591 | 15781661 | The studies reported herein show that 50% of mice reject established B16 tumors following treatment with the combination of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine (B16.GM) and subclinical doses of recombinant murine IFN-alpha delivered at the vaccine site. |
| 1592 | 15781661 | Furthermore, a 30-fold increase in the frequency of melanoma-associated antigen (Trp-2 and gp100) specific T cells was observed in mice treated with the combination when compared with unvaccinated controls. |
| 1593 | 15781661 | These data show that IFN-alpha combined with a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccine significantly enhances vaccine potency and may represent a potential new approach for tumor immunotherapy. |
| 1594 | 15784574 | The genes were cloned into plasmids for DNA immunization, and mice were immunized intradermally with the three plasmids individually in combination with a plasmid containing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1595 | 15787742 | Murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) can be generated by culture in the presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) alone or GM-CSF in conjunction with interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1596 | 15787742 | Also, the four culture conditions generated CD11c+ DC with comparable levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, CD40, CD80 and CD86 expression, with the exception of cells cultured under serum-free conditions in the absence of IL-4, which displayed suboptimal levels of these markers. |
| 1597 | 15787742 | However, both DC populations displayed a similar capacity to take up fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-albumin by macropinocytosis and FITC-Dextran by the mannose receptor and to secrete IL-12 in response to stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or an agonistic anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody. |
| 1598 | 15787742 | Therefore, we conclude that although both DC culture methods result in the production of DC with similar functional abilities, under serum-free conditions, DC cultured in GM-CSF and IL-4 show an increased stimulatory potential over DC cultured in GM-CSF alone. |
| 1599 | 15811643 | Induction of a Th2 immune response by co-administration of recombinant adenovirus vectors encoding amyloid beta-protein and GM-CSF. |
| 1600 | 15811643 | Lines of experimental evidence indicate that induction of humoral immune responses in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer disease (AD) by repeated injection of synthetic amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) is effective in prevention and clearance of deposits of Abeta aggregates in the brain of the mice. |
| 1601 | 15811643 | By co-immunization with an adenovirus vector encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the adenovirus vector encoding Abeta effectively elicited an immune response against Abeta. |
| 1602 | 15833068 | Immunomodulatory effects of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhuGM-CSF): evidence of antitumour activity. |
| 1603 | 15833068 | Human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhuGM-CSF) is traditionally used as supportive care for patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy or haematopoietic cell progenitor mobilisation. |
| 1604 | 15833068 | Immunomodulatory effects of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhuGM-CSF): evidence of antitumour activity. |
| 1605 | 15833068 | Human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhuGM-CSF) is traditionally used as supportive care for patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy or haematopoietic cell progenitor mobilisation. |
| 1606 | 15840960 | We now show that intra-muscular co-administration of mice with pMEa and pGM-CSF, encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or pIL-2, encoding murine interleukin-2 given 4 days after pMEa, augmented anti-JEV antibody titers. |
| 1607 | 15845492 | A mixture of DNA plasmids expressing five Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocyte-stage antigens was administered with or without a DNA plasmid encoding human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) as an immune enhancer. |
| 1608 | 15845492 | Volunteers who received hGM-CSF had a reduced frequency of IFN-gamma responses to class I peptides compared to those who only received plasmids expressing P. falciparum proteins before challenge (3/23 versus 3/8; P = 0.15) or after parasite challenge (4/23 versus 5/8; P = 0.015) but not to class II peptides before or after challenge. |
| 1609 | 15845492 | In summary, DNA-primed IFN-gamma responses were boosted in humans by exposure to native antigen on parasites, coadministration of a plasmid expressing hGM-CSF had a negative effect on boosting of class I-restricted IFN-gamma responses, and there was no evidence that immunization with PfCSP DNA in the mixture reduced T-cell responses to PfCSP compared to when it was administered alone. |
| 1610 | 15845642 | Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infects DC-SIGN- dendritic cell and causes the inhibition of IL-12 and the enhancement of IL-10 production. |
| 1611 | 15845642 | Recent studies have shown that BCG and Mtb target the DC-specific C-type lectin intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) to infect DC and inhibit their immunostimulatory function. |
| 1612 | 15845642 | This would occur through the interaction of the mycobacterial mannosylated lipoarabinomannan to DC-SIGN, which would prevent DC maturation and induce the immunosuppressive cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 synthesis. |
| 1613 | 15845642 | Here, we confirm that DC-SIGN is expressed in DC derived from monocytes cultured in granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-4 and show that it is not expressed in DC derived from monocytes cultured in GM-CSF and interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha). |
| 1614 | 15845642 | We also demonstrate that DC-SIGN(-) DC cultured in GM-CSF and IFN-alpha are able to phagocytose BCG and to undergo a maturation program as well as DC-SIGN(+) DC cultured in IL-4 and GM-CSF. |
| 1615 | 15845642 | We also show that BCG causes the impairment of IL-12 and the induction of IL-10 secretion by DC, irrespective of DC-SIGN expression. |
| 1616 | 15855013 | This formulation was found to effectively elicit CD8+ cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses in an HLA-A*0201 transgenic mouse model. |
| 1617 | 15855013 | Co-administration of the peptide-microspheres with adjuvants, including granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, MPL adjuvant and select synthetic Toll-Like Receptor 4 ligands, the aminoalkyl glucosaminide-4 phosphates, significantly augmented CTL responses. |
| 1618 | 15879106 | CpG-independent synergistic induction of beta-chemokines and a dendritic cell phenotype by orthophosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in elutriated human primary monocytes. |
| 1619 | 15879106 | High levels of the Th1-attracting, HIV-1-inhibitory chemokines, CCL3/MIP-1alpha and CCL4/MIP-1beta, were induced in human primary monocytes when CpG- or non-CpG-ODN was combined with GM-CSF, but not with IL-4 or IFN-gamma. |
| 1620 | 15879106 | Cells treated with non-CpG PS-ODN and GM-CSF expressed dendritic cell marker CD83 and high levels of HLA-DR and costimulatory molecules, and were CD14(-) or CD14(dim), consistent with monocyte differentiation into a dendritic cell phenotype. |
| 1621 | 15879106 | Secreted CCL3 and CCL4 were detected as a heterodimer. |
| 1622 | 15897626 | Interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12p40, granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and iNOS mRNA expression were detected significantly and reproducibly when these primer sets were used. |
| 1623 | 15899826 | In this study, we identified murine breast cancer cell lines that support DNA replication of E1-deleted adenovirus vectors and which can be killed by an oncolytic adenovirus expressing adenovirus E1A and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) in a replication-dependent manner (Ad.IR-E1A/TRAIL). |
| 1624 | 15899826 | We showed that systemic or intratumoral (i.t.) injection of adenovirus vectors into mice increases plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-alpha, INF-gamma, and MCP-1, which are potent inducers of dendritic cell maturation. |
| 1625 | 15899826 | Furthermore, we showed that in vivo expression of Flt3L from an adenovirus vector increases the number of CD11b+ and CD11c+ cells (populations that include dendritic cells) in the blood circulation. |
| 1626 | 15899826 | Based on these findings, we tested whether Ad.IR-E1A/TRAIL induced killing of tumor cells in combination with dendritic cell mobilization by Ad.Flt3L or, for comparison, Ad.GM-CSF would have an additive antitumor effect. |
| 1627 | 15899826 | We found that vaccination of mice with C3L5 cells that underwent viral oncolysis in combination with Flt3L or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expression induces a systemic antitumor immune response. |
| 1628 | 15904525 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an immune-based therapy in HIV infection. |
| 1629 | 15904525 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been studied as one of these immune-based therapies. |
| 1630 | 15904525 | Individual studies have shown that GM-CSF increases CD4+ T cells counts and may be associated with decreased plasma HIV RNA levels. |
| 1631 | 15904525 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an immune-based therapy in HIV infection. |
| 1632 | 15904525 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been studied as one of these immune-based therapies. |
| 1633 | 15904525 | Individual studies have shown that GM-CSF increases CD4+ T cells counts and may be associated with decreased plasma HIV RNA levels. |
| 1634 | 15910992 | Seven groups of cattle (n=5) were vaccinated with M. bovis CFP formulated with either Emulsigen or Polygen adjuvant alone or in combination with a specific oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN), polyinosinic acid: polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) or poly I:C and recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 1635 | 15934495 | GM-CSF and IL-2 combination as adjuvant therapy in cutaneous melanoma: early results of a phase II clinical trial. |
| 1636 | 15934495 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, sargramostim [Leukine]) leads to dendritic cell/macrophage priming and activation, and also increases interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor expression on T. lymphocytes. |
| 1637 | 15934495 | Postoperatively, each patient received GM-CSF at 125 microg/m2/d subcutaneously (SC) for 14 days; this was followed by IL-2 at 9 million IU/m2/d SC for 4 days, and then 10 to 12 days of no treatment. |
| 1638 | 15934495 | The combination treatment regimen of GM-CSF and IL-2 with or without autologous vaccine used adjuvantly appears to benefit high-risk melanoma patients; further clinical testing of this regimen is warranted. |
| 1639 | 15935521 | This protection was further increased by co-inoculation with a plasmid encoding the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (87% survival). |
| 1640 | 15952914 | The vaccine product is administered by subcutaneous co-injection with the cytokine adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with the goal of stimulating tumour-specific T cell and humoral immunity. |
| 1641 | 15961574 | To identify DCs with differing abilities to direct Th1/Th2 cell differentiation, we cultured mouse bone marrow progenitors in granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM), GM + interleukin (IL)-4, or GM + IL-15 and generated three distinct DC populations. |
| 1642 | 15961574 | The GM + IL-4 DCs expressed high levels of CD80/CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and produced low levels of IL-12p70. |
| 1643 | 15961574 | GM and GM + IL-15 DCs expressed low levels of CD80/CD86 and MHC class II. |
| 1644 | 15961574 | The GM + IL-15 DCs produced high levels of IL-12p70 and interferon (IFN)-gamma, whereas GM DCs produced only high levels of IL-12p70. |
| 1645 | 15961574 | Naive T cells stimulated with GM + IL-4 DCs secreted high levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in addition to IFN-gamma. |
| 1646 | 15961574 | In contrast, the GM + IL-15 DCs induced higher IFN-gamma production by T cells with little or no Th2 cytokines. |
| 1647 | 15981580 | [Comparison of adjuvant activities of glucosaminyl-muramyl dipeptide and of the gene coding for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in DNA immunization against herpes simplex virus]. |
| 1648 | 15981580 | Adjuvant activities of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and synthetic glucosaminyl-muramyl dipeptide (GMDP) were studied in immunization against type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV1). |
| 1649 | 15981580 | [Comparison of adjuvant activities of glucosaminyl-muramyl dipeptide and of the gene coding for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in DNA immunization against herpes simplex virus]. |
| 1650 | 15981580 | Adjuvant activities of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and synthetic glucosaminyl-muramyl dipeptide (GMDP) were studied in immunization against type 1 herpes simplex virus (HSV1). |
| 1651 | 16019851 | After local microwave coagulation and subsequent intra-tumoural injection of microparticles encapsulating interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, the anti-tumour efficacy against subcutaneous Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice was evaluated. |
| 1652 | 16026242 | GVAX is a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transfected tumor cell vaccine. |
| 1653 | 16027024 | Unique responses involving granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), the proapoptotic regulator Bad and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK5) were detected in immunized mice, but these responses were absent in naïve-LC mice. |
| 1654 | 16034082 | Provision of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor converts an autoimmune response to a self-antigen into an antitumor response. |
| 1655 | 16037410 | Dendritic cells differentiated in the presence of IFN-{beta} and IL-3 are potent inducers of an antigen-specific CD8+ T cell response. |
| 1656 | 16037410 | Classically, mature monocyte-derived DC are generated in vitro in the presence of interleukin (IL)-4, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and inflammatory cytokines (G4-DC). |
| 1657 | 16037410 | Recently, it has been described that DC can also be generated in the presence of IL-3 and interferon (IFN)-beta and that these DC are efficiently matured using polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (I3-DC). |
| 1658 | 16037410 | Phenotypic characterization of the DC revealed differences in the expression of the monocyte marker CD14 and the maturation marker CD83. |
| 1659 | 16037410 | Low expression of CD14 and high expression of CD83 characterized G4-DC, whereas I3-DC displayed intermediate expression of CD14 and CD83. |
| 1660 | 16037410 | Upon CD40 ligation, G4-DC produced lower amounts of IFN-alpha and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine, similar amounts of IL-6, macrophage-inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha, and MIP-1beta, and higher amounts of IL-12 p70, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and MIP-3beta than I3-DC. |
| 1661 | 16037410 | Finally, in vitro stimulations showed that fresh and frozen peptide-loaded I3-DC are more potent inducers of Melan-A-specific CD8(+) T cell responses than G4-DC. |
| 1662 | 16101162 | Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) were generated from peripheral blood monocytes of 12 healthy volunteers (hMo-DCs) and 11 patients (pMo-DCs) with malignancies by culture for 7 days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 1663 | 16113315 | Dendritic cells were produced by culturing murine bone marrow progenitor cells in medium containing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor alpha. |
| 1664 | 16133106 | Effects of irradiated tumor vaccine and infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-12 on established gliomas in rats. |
| 1665 | 16133108 | Vaccination with mRNAs encoding tumor-associated antigens and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor efficiently primes CTL responses, but is insufficient to overcome tolerance to a model tumor/self antigen. |
| 1666 | 16133108 | Vaccination studies with DNA have demonstrated that co-administration of antigen (Ag)- and cytokine-encoding plasmids potentiate the T cell response; in analogous fashion, the inclusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA enhanced OVA-specific cytotoxicity. |
| 1667 | 16133108 | The ability of this GM-CSF-augmented mRNA vaccine to treat an established spontaneous tumor was evaluated in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mouse, using the SV40 large T Ag (TAg) as a model tumor/self Ag. |
| 1668 | 16133108 | Vaccination with mRNAs encoding tumor-associated antigens and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor efficiently primes CTL responses, but is insufficient to overcome tolerance to a model tumor/self antigen. |
| 1669 | 16133108 | Vaccination studies with DNA have demonstrated that co-administration of antigen (Ag)- and cytokine-encoding plasmids potentiate the T cell response; in analogous fashion, the inclusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA enhanced OVA-specific cytotoxicity. |
| 1670 | 16133108 | The ability of this GM-CSF-augmented mRNA vaccine to treat an established spontaneous tumor was evaluated in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mouse, using the SV40 large T Ag (TAg) as a model tumor/self Ag. |
| 1671 | 16136164 | Here, we present a novel EBV-derived vector, which lacks three EBV genes including two viral oncogenes and an essential lytic gene, and encodes granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a cytokine of therapeutic interest. |
| 1672 | 16142359 | DCs were generated by culturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 for 7 days. |
| 1673 | 16155029 | New antibodies targeting CD20 with augmented complement or Fc receptor binding are now being evaluated and will eventually have to be compared with rituximab. |
| 1674 | 16155029 | New antibodies targeting antigens such as CD40 and CD80 are also being tested alone and in combination with rituximab. |
| 1675 | 16155029 | These approaches attempt to actively induce specific humoral or cellular immune responses to the Ig-Id by attaching the protein to a carrier protein and the use of an immunologic adjuvant such as granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1676 | 16169635 | Immunization with a gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor inserted with a single helper T-cell epitope of an intracellular bacterium induces a specific T-cell subset and protective immunity. |
| 1677 | 16169635 | We evaluated here the effect of immunization with a gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inserted with a helper T cell (Th) epitope, listeriolysin O (LLO) 215-226 derived from Listeria monocytogenes on induction of a specific Th by gene gun bombardment. |
| 1678 | 16169635 | Immunization of C3H/He mice with pGM215m plasmid encoding murine GM-CSF inserted with LLO 215-226 Th epitope gave the epitope-specific proliferative responses of CD4(+) T lymphocytes. |
| 1679 | 16169635 | Immunization with a gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor inserted with a single helper T-cell epitope of an intracellular bacterium induces a specific T-cell subset and protective immunity. |
| 1680 | 16169635 | We evaluated here the effect of immunization with a gene encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inserted with a helper T cell (Th) epitope, listeriolysin O (LLO) 215-226 derived from Listeria monocytogenes on induction of a specific Th by gene gun bombardment. |
| 1681 | 16169635 | Immunization of C3H/He mice with pGM215m plasmid encoding murine GM-CSF inserted with LLO 215-226 Th epitope gave the epitope-specific proliferative responses of CD4(+) T lymphocytes. |
| 1682 | 16174543 | C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice were immunized with different combinations of the genes together with recombinant cytokine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. |
| 1683 | 16212912 | A novel tuberculosis (TB) gene vaccine containing mouse granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) and a TB antigen (Ag85A) was developed in this study. |
| 1684 | 16219932 | However, encouraging clinical results in patients immunized with autologous tumor cell vaccines expressing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor strongly advocate further investigation of immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
| 1685 | 16243413 | Genetically engineered herpes simplex viruses that express IL-12 or GM-CSF as vaccine candidates. |
| 1686 | 16243413 | We are using genetically modified, conditionally replicating herpes simplex virus (HSV) that express either interleukin (IL)-12 or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as live, attenuated vaccine candidates for protection against HSV infection and/or disease. |
| 1687 | 16243413 | We report the following: (1) animals previously vaccinated with these candidate vaccines exhibited dose-dependent protection after intranasal, intraperitoneal or intracranial challenge with the highly virulent E377-MB wild-type HSV-1; (2) the IL-12 expressing virus (M002) consistently conferred protection at lower immunization doses than GM-CSF expressing virus (M004); (3) between 80 and 100% protection from E377-MB challenge was conferred after intramuscular immunization of mice with any of the three Deltagamma1 34.5 HSV, as opposed to 50% protection elicited after immunization with wild-type HSV-1 (F); and (4) latent virus was not detected at a higher rate in animals immunized and subsequently challenged with E377-MB than in immunized animals alone. |
| 1688 | 16276349 | Immunization with both vectors led to generation of cell cytotoxicity providing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was administered with the vaccine. |
| 1689 | 16282469 | The responses were stronger in mice that were coinjected with a second plasmid expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1690 | 16306575 | A vesicular stomatitis virus recombinant expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces enhanced T-cell responses and is highly attenuated for replication in animals. |
| 1691 | 16306575 | In this study, we report that an rVSV (VSV-GMCSF1) expressing high levels of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from the first position in the viral genome is highly attenuated in terms of viral dissemination and pathogenesis after intranasal delivery to mice. |
| 1692 | 16306575 | A vesicular stomatitis virus recombinant expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces enhanced T-cell responses and is highly attenuated for replication in animals. |
| 1693 | 16306575 | In this study, we report that an rVSV (VSV-GMCSF1) expressing high levels of murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) from the first position in the viral genome is highly attenuated in terms of viral dissemination and pathogenesis after intranasal delivery to mice. |
| 1694 | 16313365 | A marked increase in FPE was observed in 1 hr interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-stimulated monocytes. |
| 1695 | 16410826 | Tumor vaccines composed of autologous tumor cells genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (GVAX) have demonstrated clinical activity in advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
| 1696 | 16412049 | Novel roles of osteopontin and CXC chemokine ligand 7 in the defence against mycobacterial infection. |
| 1697 | 16412049 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-induced human monocyte-derived macrophage (GM-Mphi) or macrophage CSF (M-CSF)-induced human monocyte-derived Mphi (M-Mphi) are distinct in terms of the resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 1698 | 16412049 | FN1 and FCGR2B were the most up-regulated genes in GM-Mphi and M-Mphi, respectively. |
| 1699 | 16412049 | After stimulation with BCG, three chemokine genes (Osteopontin (SPP1), CXC chemokine ligand 7 (CXCL7) and CC chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11)) were highly expressed in M-Mphi-BCG when compared to those in GM-Mphi-BCG. |
| 1700 | 16412049 | A significantly increased resistance to M. tuberculosis H37Ra was observed after the stimulation of GM-Mphi with SPP1 or CXCL7. |
| 1701 | 16412049 | Superoxide production levels of SPP1- or CXCL7-stimulated GM-Mphis were higher than those of GM-Mphis without stimulation. |
| 1702 | 16412049 | These results indicate that both SPP1 and CXCL7 might have a role in the resistance against mycobacteria, at least in part, through augmenting reactive oxygen intermediate production in Mphis. |
| 1703 | 16426711 | The present study describes the immune response of dairy cattle to a DNA vaccine against ClfA and evaluates the ability of specific genetic adjuvants, targeting sequences (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4) and transporter molecules (chitosan and copolymer) to modify the immune response of cows. |
| 1704 | 16446167 | A plasmid coding for murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was co-injected in both cases as a molecular adjuvant. |
| 1705 | 16446167 | The humoral response was markedly improved by secretion of survivin and co-expression of GM-CSF. |
| 1706 | 16446167 | Furthermore, DNA immunization with survivin encoding vectors generated an effective CD8+ T cell response measured as an increase of cytotoxic Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreting CD8+ T cells. |
| 1707 | 16446167 | Secretion of survivin and co-injection of GM-CSF as a genetic adjuvant appear to be more important in generating an humoral than a cellular immune response. |
| 1708 | 16451103 | PANVAC-VF is a vaccine regimen composed of a priming dose of recombinant vaccinia virus and booster doses of recombinant fowlpox virus expressing carcinoembryonic antigen, mucin-1 and a triad of costimulatory molecules (TRICOM), which include B7.1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen-3. |
| 1709 | 16451103 | Vaccination is administered by subcutaneous injection followed by 4 days of local recombinant adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor at the vaccination site. |
| 1710 | 16457910 | The adjuvant effect of IL-3 was compared to that of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-3 was shown to be at least as efficacious as GM-CSF. |
| 1711 | 16472709 | Cancer vaccines, using autologous tumor cells genetically modified with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, constitute a new therapeutic option for patients with chemoresistant advanced NSCLC. |
| 1712 | 16472709 | Vaccines based on lymphocyte-defined tumor antigens, such as melanoma-associated antigen-3, toll-like receptor 9, and mucin 1, are also in the first stages of testing and have shown promising preliminary results. |
| 1713 | 16474424 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and T-cell responses: what we do and don't know. |
| 1714 | 16474424 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important hematopoietic growth factor and immune modulator. |
| 1715 | 16474424 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and T-cell responses: what we do and don't know. |
| 1716 | 16474424 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important hematopoietic growth factor and immune modulator. |
| 1717 | 16480334 | The splenic CD4-8- DC subset that secretes transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta stimulates CD4+ regulatory T type 1 (Tr1) cell responses, and this leads to antitumor immune tolerance. |
| 1718 | 16480334 | Our data showed that isolated CD4-8- DCs cultured for an additional 18 hours in medium containing 15-20 ng/mL granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) became more mature compared to the freshly isolated CD4-8- DCs. |
| 1719 | 16499575 | These cells can be generated from peripheral blood monocytes cultured with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1720 | 16499575 | We found that 24-h IFN-alpha co-culture of day 7 monocyte-derived DC generated with GM-CSF and IL-4 induces increased numbers of DC positive for CD54 and CD40 together with the co-stimulatory molecule CD80 but not the activation marker CD83. |
| 1721 | 16499575 | Also, IFN-alpha maturation leads to an increase in IP-10 and MCP-1 chemokine secretion, but only a minor increase in IL-12p40 secretion. |
| 1722 | 16503117 | DCs were from human peripheral blood monocytes cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, interleukin 4 and/or tumour necrosis factor alpha, and stimulated with Tca8113 cell lysate prepared by the freeze-thaw method. |
| 1723 | 16525645 | Interleukin 12 (IL-12) and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) play a pivotal role in inducing Th1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. |
| 1724 | 16525645 | In this study, DCs expressing the natural tumor antigen gp70 of BALB/c-derived CT26 were adenovirally transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or GM-CSF gene, and it was examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DCs can induce strong therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 1725 | 16525645 | The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against CT26 in mice immunized with DCs expressing gp70 (DC-AxCAgp70) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the GM-CSF/IL-12 gene (p<0.0001) and remarkably reduced by the depletion of CD4+ or CD8+ cells (p<0.01). |
| 1726 | 16525645 | The cytotoxic activity against CT26 of the plain spleen cells in mice immunized with DC-AxCAgp70/GM-CSF/IL-12 was significantly higher than that in mice immunized with DC-AxCAgp70 (p<0.0001), and this activity decreased to almost 50% upon the depletion of NK cells. |
| 1727 | 16525645 | Vaccinations using DC-AxCAgp70/GM-CSF/IL-12 or DC-AxCAgp70/IL-12 could elicit potent therapeutic immunity in s.c. tumor models; tumor-free mice were observed in these vaccination groups. |
| 1728 | 16525645 | A vaccination therapy using DCs co-transduced with the TAA gene and Th 1-type cytokine genes, especially the IL-12 gene, is ideal for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, NK cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 1729 | 16531819 | The CD34(+) human acute myeloid leukemia-derived cell line MUTZ-3 is dependent on hematopoietic growth factors for its proliferation and is able to differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs) in response to the combination of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. |
| 1730 | 16531820 | This study examined the subset composition and function of specific T cells generated by immunization with MHC class I binding tyrosinase peptides in combination with the adjuvants granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and keyhole limpet hemocyanin in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) of melanoma patients. |
| 1731 | 16531820 | BM tyrosinase-specific T cells were functional, because they produced interferon-gamma and had a high proliferative potential. |
| 1732 | 16545095 | In vivo delivery of transgene encoding GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor), a DC-activating cytokine, increases the number and activation status of DCs at various tissue sites and enhances antimicrobial immune responses in murine models. |
| 1733 | 16547503 | To overcome this tolerance, we vaccinated immunocompetent mice with murine leukemia cells (WEHI-3B and BCR-ABL+ 32D cells) transduced with a specifically constructed transmembrane form of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (tmGM-CSF). |
| 1734 | 16547503 | In order to determine whether cellular immunity is involved in this vaccine-mediated protection, either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were depleted from mice after the WEHI-3B/tmGM-CSF vaccination. |
| 1735 | 16575532 | In the present study, we tested syngeneic cellular vaccinations alone or in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on the weakly immunogenic F98 glioma model. |
| 1736 | 16584592 | After being inoculated subcutaneously with irradiated myeloma cell line sko-007, adenovirally transferred with GFP or p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and B7-1 genes, huPBL-NOD/SCID mice were challenged by subcutaneous injection of non-transferred sko-007 cells. |
| 1737 | 16584592 | It is concluded that transgenic p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 expression produces an immune response against myeloma cells and may be of therapeutic value for multiple myeloma in human being. |
| 1738 | 16603588 | In B10.A mice, neutrophil depletion resulted in increased levels of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-4 in the lungs, high levels of hepatic cytokines, and increased synthesis of T helper cell type 1 (Th1)- and Th2-regulated antibodies [immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), IgA, and IgG3]. |
| 1739 | 16603588 | In neutrophil-depleted A/J mice, high levels of pulmonary IL-12 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor were concomitant to diminished levels of hepatic cytokines and increased amounts of Th1-regulated isotypes (IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3). |
| 1740 | 16609054 | Current chemobiotherapy (S0008) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus peptide vaccination (E4697) trials have now evaluated the higher-risk disease groups where trials may soon be expected to yield results. |
| 1741 | 16618777 | Patients (n = 18) with advanced B-cell malignancies received repetitive intradermal vaccinations with 0.5 to 1.65 mg recombinant idiotype Fab fragment mixed with lipid-based adjuvant in combination with 150 mug granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor s.c. at the same location. |
| 1742 | 16645883 | We are developing two fusion proteins consisting of a diphtheria toxin (DT) linked to either granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (DT388-GMCSF) or interleukin-3 (DT388-IL3). |
| 1743 | 16650915 | The constructs were pooled into four groups and co-injected with a plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1744 | 16680143 | The pre-cDCs, which comprised 0.05% of splenocytes, expressed a CD11c(int) CD45RA(lo) CD43(int) SIRP-alpha(int) CD4- CD8- major histocompatibility complex class II-negative surface phenotype. |
| 1745 | 16680143 | However, when transferred into mice with an inflammatory milieu dependent on granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocytes produced a distinct type of splenic DC. |
| 1746 | 16734558 | Controlled release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) protein by albumin-heparin microparticles administered via intramuscular vaccination in conjunction with HIV DNA vaccines stimulated HIV Gag-specific immune responses. |
| 1747 | 16752945 | Sipuleucel-T selectively targets the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) known as prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) that is expressed in approximately 95% of prostate cancers. |
| 1748 | 16752945 | It is produced by ex vivo exposure of dendritic cell precursors to PA 2024, a recombinant fusion protein composed of the PAP target fused to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and incorporated into Dendreon's proprietary Antigen Delivery Cassette. |
| 1749 | 16754847 | Nonetheless, tumor cell shedding of NKG2D ligands, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), results in immune suppression through down-regulation of NKG2D surface expression. |
| 1750 | 16754847 | Here we show that some patients who respond to antibody-blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 or vaccination with lethally irradiated, autologous tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generate high titer antibodies against MICA. |
| 1751 | 16754847 | These humoral reactions are associated with a reduction of circulating soluble MICA (sMICA) and an augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell and CD8(+) T lymphocyte cytotoxicity. |
| 1752 | 16754847 | Together, these findings establish a key role for the NKG2D pathway in the clinical activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting tumor cell vaccines. |
| 1753 | 16754847 | Nonetheless, tumor cell shedding of NKG2D ligands, such as MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA), results in immune suppression through down-regulation of NKG2D surface expression. |
| 1754 | 16754847 | Here we show that some patients who respond to antibody-blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 or vaccination with lethally irradiated, autologous tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor generate high titer antibodies against MICA. |
| 1755 | 16754847 | These humoral reactions are associated with a reduction of circulating soluble MICA (sMICA) and an augmentation of natural killer (NK) cell and CD8(+) T lymphocyte cytotoxicity. |
| 1756 | 16754847 | Together, these findings establish a key role for the NKG2D pathway in the clinical activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting tumor cell vaccines. |
| 1757 | 16817692 | Adoptive immunotherapy in patients with recurrent malignant glioma: preliminary results of using autologous whole-tumor vaccine plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and adoptive transfer of anti-CD3-activated lymphocytes. |
| 1758 | 16827622 | Administration of autologous tumor-derived idiotype protein conjugated to a carrier protein, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to follicular lymphoma patients in complete clinical remission was associated with induction of tumor-specific cellular and humoral immunity, molecular remissions, and prolonged disease-free survival. |
| 1759 | 16827622 | Three double-blind, randomized, Phase III idiotype vaccine trials are currently ongoing to definitively determine the clinical benefit of idiotype-keyhole limpet hemocyanin plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccination in patients with lymphoma. |
| 1760 | 16827622 | Administration of autologous tumor-derived idiotype protein conjugated to a carrier protein, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to follicular lymphoma patients in complete clinical remission was associated with induction of tumor-specific cellular and humoral immunity, molecular remissions, and prolonged disease-free survival. |
| 1761 | 16827622 | Three double-blind, randomized, Phase III idiotype vaccine trials are currently ongoing to definitively determine the clinical benefit of idiotype-keyhole limpet hemocyanin plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccination in patients with lymphoma. |
| 1762 | 16831072 | Vaccine therapy using autologous granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-producing prostate cancer cells has been effective in producing both immune and clinical responses. |
| 1763 | 16840346 | Expression of CCL20 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, but not Flt3-L, from modified vaccinia virus ankara enhances antiviral cellular and humoral immune responses. |
| 1764 | 16840346 | To test this hypothesis, we generated rMVAs that express murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF), human CCL20/human macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha (hCCL20/hMIP-3alpha), or human fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (hFlt3-L), factors predicted to increase levels of dendritic cells (DCs), to recruit DCs to sites of immunization, or to promote maturation of DCs in vivo, respectively. |
| 1765 | 16840346 | Our results demonstrate that immunization of mice with rMVAs expressing mGM-CSF or hCCL20, but not hFlt3-L, results in two- to fourfold increases of cellular immune responses directed against vector-encoded antigens and 6- to 17-fold enhancements of MVA-specific antibody titers, compared to those responses elicited by nonadjuvanted rMVA. |
| 1766 | 16840346 | Expression of CCL20 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, but not Flt3-L, from modified vaccinia virus ankara enhances antiviral cellular and humoral immune responses. |
| 1767 | 16840346 | To test this hypothesis, we generated rMVAs that express murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF), human CCL20/human macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha (hCCL20/hMIP-3alpha), or human fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (hFlt3-L), factors predicted to increase levels of dendritic cells (DCs), to recruit DCs to sites of immunization, or to promote maturation of DCs in vivo, respectively. |
| 1768 | 16840346 | Our results demonstrate that immunization of mice with rMVAs expressing mGM-CSF or hCCL20, but not hFlt3-L, results in two- to fourfold increases of cellular immune responses directed against vector-encoded antigens and 6- to 17-fold enhancements of MVA-specific antibody titers, compared to those responses elicited by nonadjuvanted rMVA. |
| 1769 | 16848234 | Functional activity of macrophages and intensity of T cell immune response in mice were studied after intravaginal and intraperitoneal infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and DNA vaccination in combination with adjuvant treatment (recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and glucosaminylmuramyl dipeptide). |
| 1770 | 16850346 | Addition of GM-CSF to a peptide/KLH vaccine results in increased frequencies of CXCR3-expressing KLH-specific T cells. |
| 1771 | 16850346 | Here, we studied the chemokine receptor expression on specific T cells generated against the neoantigen keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in patients who had been immunized in the context of a tumor peptide vaccination trial with or without the adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1772 | 16850346 | In patients immunized in the presence of GM-CSF the fraction of CXCR3(+) KLH-specific T cells was significantly higher than in patients immunized in the absence of GM-CSF (median 45 vs. 20%, P = 0.001). |
| 1773 | 16915223 | Current, developing and future immune enhancement strategies including recombinant granulocyte- and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), adjuvant pro-inflammatory cytokine therapy during mobilized donor granulocyte transfusions, therapeutic potential of pentraxin, adaptive immune transfer and dendritic cell fungal vaccines. |
| 1774 | 16915223 | Improved understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of fungal infections and of the complexity of host antifungal immune responses has provided the critical information to readdress existing treatment paradigms and further evaluate the role of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma early in the course of therapy against life-threatening fungal infections in high-risk patients following stem cell transplantation. |
| 1775 | 16918131 | Autologous DCs were generated in vitro from peripheral blood monocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1776 | 16918131 | DCs were pulsed with melanoma cell lysate from a cloned and selected melanoma cell line enriched in expression of MAGE-A antigens and deficient in expression of melanoma differentiation antigens: tyrosinase, MART-1 and gp100. |
| 1777 | 16918882 | Meta-analysis: the adjuvant role of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor on immunological response to hepatitis B virus vaccine in end-stage renal disease. |
| 1778 | 16958969 | Therapy consisted of inoculation of 20 x 10(6) SV-BR-1-GM cells, a unique breast cancer cell line transfected to release sargramostim (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]). |
| 1779 | 16958969 | Interferon (IFN)-alpha, 20,000 IU, was injected into each inoculation site at 48 and 96 hours postinoculation to provide an additional "danger signal." |
| 1780 | 16959355 | We compared the growth of Edmonston-derived vaccine strains and fresh clinical isolates of MeV in monocytes, monocyte-derived granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-induced Mø (GM-Mø) and in monocyte-derived DC (Mo-DC). |
| 1781 | 16962494 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced allogeneic cancer cellular immunotherapy: the GVAX vaccine for prostate cancer. |
| 1782 | 16962494 | GVAX (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] gene transduced irradiated prostate cancer vaccine cells) offers the possibility that "host versus prostate cancer" immune responses can be generated in prostate cancer patients. |
| 1783 | 16962494 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced allogeneic cancer cellular immunotherapy: the GVAX vaccine for prostate cancer. |
| 1784 | 16962494 | GVAX (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] gene transduced irradiated prostate cancer vaccine cells) offers the possibility that "host versus prostate cancer" immune responses can be generated in prostate cancer patients. |
| 1785 | 16963165 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccination: a meta-analysis. |
| 1786 | 16963165 | The efficacy of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to enhance the immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine has been object of several reports. |
| 1787 | 16963165 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as an adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccination: a meta-analysis. |
| 1788 | 16963165 | The efficacy of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to enhance the immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccine has been object of several reports. |
| 1789 | 16971027 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine. |
| 1790 | 16971810 | Dendritic cells loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells can induce objective clinical responses and MART-1 specific CD8+ T-cell immunity. |
| 1791 | 16971810 | DCs were generated by culturing monocytes with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor) and interleukin (IL-4) and activated by additional culture with tumor necrosis factor and CD40 ligand. |
| 1792 | 16971810 | Three out of 13 analyzed patients showed T-cell immunity to melanoma antigen recognized by autologous T cells (MART-1) tissue differentiation antigen. |
| 1793 | 16971810 | Two of 3 patients showed improved immune function after vaccinations demonstrated by improved secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma or T-cell proliferation in response to MART-1 derived peptides. |
| 1794 | 16971810 | In one of these patients, vaccination led to elicitation of CD8 T-cell immunity specific to a novel peptide-derived from MART-1 antigen, suggesting that cross-priming/presentation of melanoma antigens by DC vaccine had occurred. |
| 1795 | 16982827 | Spleen cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA* secreted larger amounts of interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-6, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) than did cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA or ACV alone after stimulation in vitro with a mixture of B. pertussis antigens. |
| 1796 | 16982827 | Spleen cells from mice immunized with ACV plus CyaA* also secreted larger amounts of IFN-gamma and GM-CSF than did cells from mice immunized with CyaA* alone after stimulation in vitro with CyaA*. |
| 1797 | 16988458 | We report that BALB/c mice first immunized as neonates (7 d) with a Plasmodium yoelii circumsporozoite protein (PyCSP) DNA vaccine mixed with a plasmid expressing murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (DG) and boosted at 28 d with pox virus expressing PyCSP were protected (93%) as well as mice immunized entirely as adults (70%). |
| 1798 | 16988458 | Like adults, protection was dependent on CD8(+) T cells and accompanied by excellent anti-PyCSP interferon-gamma and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. |
| 1799 | 17020451 | Sipuleucel-T (Provenge; APC8015; Dendreon Corp, WA, USA) is a novel immunotherapeutic cellular product, which includes autologous dendritic cells pulsed ex vivo with a recombinant fusion protein (PA2024) consisting of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and prostatic acid phosphatase. |
| 1800 | 17049126 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor DNA prime-protein boost strategy to enhance efficacy of a recombinant pertussis DNA vaccine. |
| 1801 | 17060934 | Forty-eight patients with non-resectable pancreatic cancer received intradermal injections of the telomerase peptide GV1001 at three dose levels, in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1802 | 17063617 | DCs can be stimulated either from circulating blood or bone marrow progenitor cells using cytokines, particularly granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (e.g., sargramostim, Leukine). |
| 1803 | 17096339 | This study was designed to determine whether the vaccination of genetically modified dendritic cells (DCs) simultaneously expressing carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) can overcome the peripheral T-cell tolerance to CEA and thereby elicit a therapeutic response in CEA transgenic mice. |
| 1804 | 17096339 | The cytotoxic activity of spleen cells against CEA-expressing tumors, MC38-CEA, in the mice immunized with DCs expressing CEA (DC-AxCACEA) was higher than that in those immunized with DCs-AxCALacZ (p < 0.0001), and was augmented by the cotransduction with the GM-CSF/IL-12 gene (p < 0.05). |
| 1805 | 17096339 | The vaccination with DC-AxCACEA/GM-CSF/IL-12 could elicit a more potent therapeutic immunity than the vaccination with DC-AxCACEA in subcutaneous tumor models (p < 0.0001), and 4 of 5 mice showed a complete eradication of the subcutaneous tumors in these vaccination groups. |
| 1806 | 17096339 | This antitumor activity mostly vanished with the depletion of CD8(+) T cells and NK cells in vivo and was completely abrogated with the depletion of CD4(+) T cells. |
| 1807 | 17108046 | Incorporation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor or CD40 ligand enhances immunogenicity of chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus-like particles. |
| 1808 | 17108046 | To accomplish this we generated chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) VLPs containing either glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or CD40 ligand (CD40L) and investigated their biological activity and ability to enhance immune responses in vivo. |
| 1809 | 17108046 | Immunization of mice with chimeric SIV VLPs containing GM-CSF induced SIV Env-specific antibodies as well as neutralizing activity at significantly higher levels than those induced by standard SIV VLPs, SIV VLPs containing CD40L, or standard VLPs mixed with soluble GM-CSF. |
| 1810 | 17108046 | In addition, mice immunized with chimeric SIV VLPs containing either GM-CSF or CD40L showed significantly increased CD4(+)- and CD8(+)-T-cell responses to SIV Env, compared to standard SIV VLPs. |
| 1811 | 17108046 | We propose that anchoring immunostimulatory molecules into SIV VLPs can be a promising approach to augmenting the efficacy of VLP antigens. |
| 1812 | 17108046 | Incorporation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor or CD40 ligand enhances immunogenicity of chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus-like particles. |
| 1813 | 17108046 | To accomplish this we generated chimeric simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) VLPs containing either glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or CD40 ligand (CD40L) and investigated their biological activity and ability to enhance immune responses in vivo. |
| 1814 | 17108046 | Immunization of mice with chimeric SIV VLPs containing GM-CSF induced SIV Env-specific antibodies as well as neutralizing activity at significantly higher levels than those induced by standard SIV VLPs, SIV VLPs containing CD40L, or standard VLPs mixed with soluble GM-CSF. |
| 1815 | 17108046 | In addition, mice immunized with chimeric SIV VLPs containing either GM-CSF or CD40L showed significantly increased CD4(+)- and CD8(+)-T-cell responses to SIV Env, compared to standard SIV VLPs. |
| 1816 | 17108046 | We propose that anchoring immunostimulatory molecules into SIV VLPs can be a promising approach to augmenting the efficacy of VLP antigens. |
| 1817 | 17116643 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been and is still widely used as an adjuvant in clinical trials of vaccination with autologous tumor cells, peptides and/or dendritic cells in a variety of human neoplasms. |
| 1818 | 17129404 | Recently three proteins, playing central roles in the bidirectional transport of urate in renal proximal tubules, were identified: two members of the organic anion transporter (OAT) family, OAT1 and OAT3, and a protein that designated renal urate-anion exchanger (URAT1). |
| 1819 | 17129404 | Gene gun immunization with these recombinant plasmids and two other adjuvant plasmids, which express granulocyte/ macrophage colony-stimulating factor and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand, induced high level immunoglobulin G antibodies, respectively. |
| 1820 | 17129404 | The native corresponding proteins of URAT1, OAT1 and OAT3, in human kidney can be recognized by their specific antibodies, respectively, with Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. |
| 1821 | 17150023 | In a Phase II clinical trial, administration of ID-KLH vaccine together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to follicular lymphoma patients in complete remission induced tumor-specific cellular and humoral immunity and molecular remissions, and was associated with prolonged disease-free survival. |
| 1822 | 17150023 | A randomized, double-blind, Phase III clinical trial is ongoing to definitively determine the clinical benefit of BiovaxID plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccination in patients with follicular lymphoma. |
| 1823 | 17150023 | In a Phase II clinical trial, administration of ID-KLH vaccine together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to follicular lymphoma patients in complete remission induced tumor-specific cellular and humoral immunity and molecular remissions, and was associated with prolonged disease-free survival. |
| 1824 | 17150023 | A randomized, double-blind, Phase III clinical trial is ongoing to definitively determine the clinical benefit of BiovaxID plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor vaccination in patients with follicular lymphoma. |
| 1825 | 17154312 | Instead, the glutathione reductase (Gor)-mediated disulfide reductase system was disabled by deleting the gor gene from the KC6 cell-extract source strain. |
| 1826 | 17154312 | Nonetheless, active urokinase and murine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) were produced in reactions with KGK10 extract either with affinity removal of TrxB or with 50 microM IAM pretreatment. |
| 1827 | 17169779 | GVAX cancer immunotherapies are composed of whole tumor cells genetically modified to secrete the immune stimulatory cytokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and then irradiated to prevent further cell division. |
| 1828 | 17179660 | Protective immunity against Bordetella pertussis by a recombinant DNA vaccine and the effect of coinjection with a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor gene. |
| 1829 | 17179660 | Compared to those injected with pVAX1, the mice injected with pVAX1/ppf significantly elicited more antigen specific antibody anti-PTS1, anti-PRN, anti-FHA and cytokine IL-10, IFN-gamma. |
| 1830 | 17179660 | When pGM-CSF was coinjected with pVAX1/ppf, the mice showed significantly increases of the three antibodies and cytokine IL-10, IL-4, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha compared to those injected with pVAX1 only. |
| 1831 | 17179660 | The mice in group pVAX1/ppf & pGM-CSF, in particular; induced much more anti-PTS1, IL-4 and TNF-alpha than those in group pVAX1/ppf. |
| 1832 | 17223980 | In this study, we investigated human CC- [macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and eosinophil chemoattractant activity (eotaxin)] and CXC-interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10 chemokine production in response to BCG stimulation. |
| 1833 | 17223980 | Although BCG induced no or marginal chemokines from urothelial SV-HUC-1, RT4 and T24 cells, BCG-derived cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha] induced all chemokines tested except eotaxin from these cell lines. |
| 1834 | 17223980 | MCP-1 and MIP-1alpha emerged at 4-5 h post-BCG exposure (early chemokines); IP-10 elevated at day 1 and peaked at day 2 (intermediate chemokine); and MDC elevated at day 1 and peaked at day 7 (late chemokine). |
| 1835 | 17223980 | This kinetic pattern was paralleled with that of BCG-induced cytokines [early: TNF-alpha; intermediate: IL-6 and IL-10; and late: IFN-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)]. |
| 1836 | 17229643 | Anti-idiotypic T cells were analyzed in myeloma patients (n=18) vaccinated with idiotypic protein together with the adjuvant cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and/or interleukin-12 (IL-12). |
| 1837 | 17229643 | In the group given IL-12/GM-CSF, 78% developed idiotype specific T cells as compared to 22% in the group given only IL-12 (proliferation/ELISPOT assays) (p<0.05). |
| 1838 | 17229643 | A predominance of a Th1 (IFN-gamma/TNF-alpha) immune response was noted in the IL-12 group while a Th2 (IL-5) response prevailed in the IL-12/GM-CSF group (p=0.053). |
| 1839 | 17257077 | The mature human DCs generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the presence of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-4, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha have widely contributed to their growing use in cancer vaccination trials. |
| 1840 | 17257077 | Our data show that mature DCs can be generated from PBMCs in both Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium plus 10% FCS and serum-free AIM-V medium containing GM-CSF (100 ng/mL), IL-4 (100 ng/mL), and TNF-alpha (10 ng/mL). |
| 1841 | 17275522 | DC were propagated from C3H (H2(k)) bone marrow (BM) using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 1842 | 17275522 | Expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II was not affected, while CD40, CD80, and CD86 costimulatory molecules on DC were significantly inhibited by treatment with TGF-beta. |
| 1843 | 17275522 | This observation correlated with reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and increased IL-10 production. |
| 1844 | 17301218 | Low maternal viral loads and reduced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels characterize exposed, uninfected infants who develop protective human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific responses. |
| 1845 | 17301218 | To investigate correlates of these HIV-1-specific responses, we examined levels of the immune activation markers neopterin, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-m), and soluble l-selectin (sl-selectin); the immunomodulatory and hematopoietic factors interleukin-7 (IL-7), stromal-cell-derived factor 1 alpha (CXCL12), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 among a group of newborns born to HIV-1-positive mothers who did not receive any antiretroviral drugs for prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. |
| 1846 | 17301218 | Low maternal viral loads and reduced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor levels characterize exposed, uninfected infants who develop protective human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific responses. |
| 1847 | 17301218 | To investigate correlates of these HIV-1-specific responses, we examined levels of the immune activation markers neopterin, beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-m), and soluble l-selectin (sl-selectin); the immunomodulatory and hematopoietic factors interleukin-7 (IL-7), stromal-cell-derived factor 1 alpha (CXCL12), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); and the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 among a group of newborns born to HIV-1-positive mothers who did not receive any antiretroviral drugs for prevention of perinatal HIV-1 transmission. |
| 1848 | 17302189 | Approximately 10% of ovarian cancers are familial and relate to mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2, and mismatch repair genes. |
| 1849 | 17302189 | Recent candidates include: HE4, mesothelin, M-CSF, osteopontin, kallikrein(s) and soluble EGF receptor. |
| 1850 | 17325890 | Monocyte-derived DC cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL)-4 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expressed maturation markers, produced IL-12 and loaded apoptotic bodies to a similar extent to normal DC. |
| 1851 | 17325890 | Patients' circulating T and NK lymphocytes were normally represented and, after stimulation, were capable of producing TNF-alpha and interferon-gamma to a similar extent to control lymphocytes. |
| 1852 | 17332250 | Functional specialization of human circulating CD16 and CD1c myeloid dendritic-cell subsets. |
| 1853 | 17332250 | Human blood contains 2 populations of dendritic cells (DCs): plasmacytoid and myeloid (mDC). mDCs are subdivided into 3 subsets using the surface markers CD16, CD1c, and BDCA-3. |
| 1854 | 17332250 | Among 31 cytokines tested, both subsets produce CXCL8 (IL-8)/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)/IL-6/CCL3 (MIP-1 alpha)/CCL4 (MIP-1beta)/IL-1 beta. |
| 1855 | 17332250 | CXCL8 (IL-8) is the predominant cytokine produced by CD1c-mDCs on TLR engagement, whereas all other cytokines, particularly TNF-alpha, are secreted in 10-fold to 100-fold higher amounts by CD16-mDCs. |
| 1856 | 17332250 | CD16-mDCs cocultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells induce a significantly higher production of CXCL10 (IP-10), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor than CD1c-mDCs. |
| 1857 | 17332250 | In addition, interleukin-3 and type I interferons are stimuli specifically for DC maturation rather than cytokine secretion, whereas TNF-alpha is almost ineffective in inducing either function, suggesting a mechanism of T-cell-DC crosstalk and of rapid induction of antigen-presenting cell function during viral infection rather than inflammation. |
| 1858 | 17332295 | Long-term idiotype vaccination combined with interleukin-12 (IL-12), or IL-12 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in early-stage multiple myeloma patients. |
| 1859 | 17341632 | We have worked assuming that two signals, GM-CSF (granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and tumor antigens are necessary to mediate an antitumor effective response. |
| 1860 | 17341632 | To study which is the ideal temporal sequence for their administration, we have used a murine model of antimelanoma vaccine employing whole B16 tumor cells or their membrane protein antigens (TMPs) in combination with gm-csf transfer before or after the antigen delivery. |
| 1861 | 17341632 | Our results show that: (i) When gm-csf tisular transfection is performed before TMP delivery, a tumor growth inhibition is observed, but with a limit effect when administering high antigen doses; in contrast, when signals are inverted, the limited effect is lost and greater antitumor efficacy is obtained. |
| 1862 | 17362049 | Administration of antibodies targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 or the prostate-specific membrane antigen led to stabilisation of PSA levels in several patients. |
| 1863 | 17362049 | Sipuleucel-T (APC8015), an immunotherapy product consisting of antigen-presenting cells, loaded ex vivo with a recombinant fusion protein consisting of prostatic acid phosphatase linked to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, demonstrated in a phase III, placebo-controlled trial an improvement in median time to disease progression. |
| 1864 | 17373905 | PANVAC-VF: poxviral-based vaccine therapy targeting CEA and MUC1 in carcinoma. |
| 1865 | 17373905 | Other strategies that enhance the immune response include the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and a prime-boost administration sequence. |
| 1866 | 17375074 | We programmed mouse bone marrow (BM) cells with lentiviral vectors (LV-GI4) so that they produced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in an autonomous manner. |
| 1867 | 17375074 | The immunostimulatory efficacy of DC/LV-GI4 cells was evaluated using MART1 and TRP2 as co-expressed melanoma antigens. |
| 1868 | 17385694 | In the present study, DCs were generated from woodchuck peripheral blood mononuclear cells (wDCs) in the presence of human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) and human interleukin 4 (hIL-4). |
| 1869 | 17412991 | In contrast, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor appeared to be a key cytokine that might support virus replication in the early phase of infection. |
| 1870 | 17428868 | HPIV3 recombinants expressing the Ebola virus (Zaire species) surface glycoprotein (GP) alone or in combination with the nucleocapsid protein NP or with the cytokine adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor were administered by the respiratory route to rhesus monkeys--in which HPIV3 infection is mild and asymptomatic--and were evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy against a highly lethal intraperitoneal challenge with Ebola virus. |
| 1871 | 17459540 | Co-administration of plasmid expressing mouse granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induced immune response at similar level as that with ORF2/NE plasmid alone. |
| 1872 | 17542746 | BiovaxID, a patient-specific idiotype vaccine, has demonstrated durable remissions when administered to FL patients in first complete remission along with keyhole limpet hemocyanin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and is now undergoing evaluation in a pivotal Phase III clinical trial. |
| 1873 | 17557120 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances protection against tumors and infections, but GM-CSF-deficient mice develop inflammatory disease. |
| 1874 | 17557120 | Here we show that GM-CSF is required for the expression of milk fat globule EGF 8 (MFG-E8) in antigen-presenting cells, and that MFG-E8-mediated uptake of apoptotic cells is a key determinant of GM-CSF-triggered tolerance and immunity. |
| 1875 | 17557120 | Upon exposure to apoptotic cells, GM-CSF-deficient antigen-presenting cells (APCs) produce an altered cytokine profile that results in decreased Tregs and increased Th1 cells, whereas concurrent ablation of IFN-gamma promotes Th17 cells. |
| 1876 | 17557120 | In wild-type mice, MFG-E8 attenuates the vaccination activity of GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells through Treg induction, whereas a dominant-negative MFG-E8 mutant potentiates GM-CSF-stimulated tumor destruction through Treg inhibition. |
| 1877 | 17584532 | Neither granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) nor an immunogenic MHC class II-presented "helper" peptide increased the size of epitope-specific CD8+ T cell responses elicited by peptide+CpG-containing vaccines. |
| 1878 | 17584532 | In contrast, low-dose subcutaneous interleukin (IL)-2 dramatically increased the size of splenic and peripheral blood epitope-specific CD8(+) T cell responses generated by peptide+CpG-containing vaccines. |
| 1879 | 17585683 | And they are adding cytokines such as granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor or interleukin 4 during dendritic cell growth or maturation or at the site of vaccination to try to boost response. |
| 1880 | 17596432 | In vaccine recipients, incubation with L1 VLP in vitro led to a statistically significant increase in production of Th1 (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-2 [IL-2], gamma interferon; P < 0.0007) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13; P < 0.0017) cytokines and the chemokine IP-10 (P = 0.0021) at month 2 after immunization, compared to levels seen prior to vaccination. |
| 1881 | 17652387 | Effects of type I interferons on the adjuvant properties of plasmid granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vivo. |
| 1882 | 17652387 | While administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can induce the local recruitment of activated antigen-presenting cells at the site of vaccine inoculation, this cellular recruitment is associated with a paradoxical decrease in local vaccine antigen expression and vaccine-elicited CD8+ T-cell responses. |
| 1883 | 17652387 | In fact, we found that coadministration of an anti-beta interferon monoclonal antibody with the plasmid DNA immunogen and plasmid GM-CSF restored both the local antigen expression and the CD8+ T-cell immunogenicity of the vaccine. |
| 1884 | 17652387 | Effects of type I interferons on the adjuvant properties of plasmid granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in vivo. |
| 1885 | 17652387 | While administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can induce the local recruitment of activated antigen-presenting cells at the site of vaccine inoculation, this cellular recruitment is associated with a paradoxical decrease in local vaccine antigen expression and vaccine-elicited CD8+ T-cell responses. |
| 1886 | 17652387 | In fact, we found that coadministration of an anti-beta interferon monoclonal antibody with the plasmid DNA immunogen and plasmid GM-CSF restored both the local antigen expression and the CD8+ T-cell immunogenicity of the vaccine. |
| 1887 | 17655695 | Hepatitis B virus vaccine in lymphoproliferative disorders: a prospective randomized study evaluating the efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 1888 | 17704754 | Coexpression of Flt3 ligand and GM-CSF genes modulates immune responses induced by HER2/neu DNA vaccine. |
| 1889 | 17704754 | Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3-ligand (Flt3L) and granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have been exploited for the expansion of DC. |
| 1890 | 17704754 | It was reported previously that combination of plasmid encoding GM-CSF with HER2/neu DNA vaccine induced predominantly CD4(+) T-cell-mediated antitumor immune response. |
| 1891 | 17704754 | In this study, we investigated the modulation of immune responses by murine Flt3L and GM-CSF, which acted as genetic adjuvants in the forms of bicistronic (pFLAG) and monocistronic (pFL and pGM) plasmids for HER2/neu DNA vaccine (pN-neu). |
| 1892 | 17704754 | Importantly, a potent CD8(+) T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity against bladder tumors naturally overexpressing HER2/neu was induced in the vaccinated mice. |
| 1893 | 17704754 | Collectively, our results indicate that murine Flt3L and GM-CSF genes coexpressed by a bicistronic plasmid modulate the class of immune responses and may be superior to those codelivered by two separate monocistronic plasmids as the genetic adjuvants for HER2/neu DNA vaccine. |
| 1894 | 17786327 | Benefits of gene transduction of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in cancer vaccine using genetically modified dendritic cells. |
| 1895 | 17786327 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key cytokine for the generation and stimulation of dendritic cells (DCs), and it may also play a pivotal role in promoting the survival of DCs. |
| 1896 | 17786327 | In this study, the feasibility of creating a cancer vaccine using DCs adenovirally transduced with the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene and the GM-CSF gene was examined. |
| 1897 | 17786327 | Co-transduction of the GM-CSF gene into DCs inhibited apoptosis of these DCs themselves via up-regulation of Bcl-x(L) expression, leading to the extension of the lifespan of these DCs. |
| 1898 | 17786327 | Furthermore, the transduction of the GM-CSF gene into DCs also suppressed the incidence of apoptosis of DCs induced by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta-1). |
| 1899 | 17786327 | Immunotherapy using these genetically modified DCs may therefore be useful with several advantages as follows: i) adenoviral toxicity to DCs can be reduced; ii) the lifespan of vaccinated DCs can be prolonged; and iii) GM-CSF may protect DCs from apoptosis induced by tumor-derived TGFbeta-1 in the regional lymph nodes. |
| 1900 | 17786327 | Benefits of gene transduction of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor in cancer vaccine using genetically modified dendritic cells. |
| 1901 | 17786327 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a key cytokine for the generation and stimulation of dendritic cells (DCs), and it may also play a pivotal role in promoting the survival of DCs. |
| 1902 | 17786327 | In this study, the feasibility of creating a cancer vaccine using DCs adenovirally transduced with the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene and the GM-CSF gene was examined. |
| 1903 | 17786327 | Co-transduction of the GM-CSF gene into DCs inhibited apoptosis of these DCs themselves via up-regulation of Bcl-x(L) expression, leading to the extension of the lifespan of these DCs. |
| 1904 | 17786327 | Furthermore, the transduction of the GM-CSF gene into DCs also suppressed the incidence of apoptosis of DCs induced by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta-1). |
| 1905 | 17786327 | Immunotherapy using these genetically modified DCs may therefore be useful with several advantages as follows: i) adenoviral toxicity to DCs can be reduced; ii) the lifespan of vaccinated DCs can be prolonged; and iii) GM-CSF may protect DCs from apoptosis induced by tumor-derived TGFbeta-1 in the regional lymph nodes. |
| 1906 | 17875804 | Leukemia-associated antigen-specific T-cell responses following combined PR1 and WT1 peptide vaccination in patients with myeloid malignancies. |
| 1907 | 17875804 | We describe the safety and immunogenicity of a combined vaccine of 2 leukemia-associated antigenic peptides, PR1 and WT1. |
| 1908 | 17875804 | Eight patients with myeloid malignancies received one subcutaneous dose each of PR1 and WT1 vaccines in Montanide adjuvant, with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1909 | 17875804 | Using peptide/HLA-A 0201 tetramers and intracellular interferon-gamma staining, CD8(+) T cells against PR1 or WT1 were detected in 8 of 8 patients after a single vaccination. |
| 1910 | 17875804 | To monitor the kinetics of vaccine-induced CD8(+) T-cell responses and disease regression after vaccination, absolute PR1 and WT1(+)CD8(+) T-cell numbers and WT1 expression were studied weekly after vaccination. |
| 1911 | 17875804 | After vaccination, the emergence of PR1 or WT1(+)CD8(+) T cells was associated with a decrease in WT1 mRNA expression as a marker of minimal residual disease, suggesting a vaccine-driven antileukemia effect. |
| 1912 | 17875804 | This is the first demonstration that a combined PR1 and WT1 vaccine is immunogenic. |
| 1913 | 17881504 | In this study, we determined if the sensitivity of the currently available in vitro test to detect bovine tuberculosis could be enhanced by adding the following immunomodulators: interleukin-2 (IL-2); granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); antibodies neutralizing IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta); mono-methyl-l-arginine, which blocks nitric oxide production; and l-methyl-tryptophan, which interferes with the indoleamine dioxygenase pathway. |
| 1914 | 17881504 | Mono-methyl-l-arginine, l-methyl-tryptophan, or an antibody neutralizing TGF-beta had minimal impact on IFN-gamma production. |
| 1915 | 17881504 | IL-2 and GM-CSF promoted IFN-gamma release whether antigen was present or not. |
| 1916 | 17914407 | The gene encoding granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was inserted as an additional transcription unit at two different positions into the NDV genome. |
| 1917 | 17914407 | Furthermore, rec(GM-CSF) led to a much higher interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) production than rec(-) when added as virus or as virus-modified vaccine to PBMC. |
| 1918 | 17980939 | Immune responses of two recombinant adenoviruses expressing VP1 antigens of FMDV fused with porcine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1919 | 17980939 | In the present report, we constructed and characterized the immune responses conferred by two recombinant adenoviruses expressing VP1 epitopes (three amino acid residues 21-60, 141-160 and 200-213 in VP1, designated VPe) or VP1 protein of FMDV fused with porcine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (named rAd-GMCSF-VPe and rAd-GMCSF-VP1). |
| 1920 | 17980939 | The results showed that the highest levels of FMDV-specific T cell proliferation, IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be induced by rAd-GMCSF-VPe expressing fusion GMCSF-VPe, and the highest level of FMDV-specific humoral immune responses could be induced by rAd-GMCSF-VP1 expressing fusion GMCSF-VP1 in mice. |
| 1921 | 17980939 | Immune responses of two recombinant adenoviruses expressing VP1 antigens of FMDV fused with porcine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1922 | 17980939 | In the present report, we constructed and characterized the immune responses conferred by two recombinant adenoviruses expressing VP1 epitopes (three amino acid residues 21-60, 141-160 and 200-213 in VP1, designated VPe) or VP1 protein of FMDV fused with porcine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (named rAd-GMCSF-VPe and rAd-GMCSF-VP1). |
| 1923 | 17980939 | The results showed that the highest levels of FMDV-specific T cell proliferation, IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be induced by rAd-GMCSF-VPe expressing fusion GMCSF-VPe, and the highest level of FMDV-specific humoral immune responses could be induced by rAd-GMCSF-VP1 expressing fusion GMCSF-VP1 in mice. |
| 1924 | 18033308 | This approach combined suicide gene therapy with a subcutaneous vaccine composed by formolized tumor cells and irradiated xenogeneic cells producing human interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1925 | 18040852 | The splenocytes from protected mice and morphine low concentration-treated infected-PM, elaborated significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced levels of interleukin-12, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and nitrite in the culture medium; a high dose/concentration suppressed their elaboration. |
| 1926 | 18040852 | Curiously, only morphine high dose/concentration-treated infected mice splenocytes and infected PM, produced significantly (p < 0.05) increased quantity of transforming growth factor-beta1. |
| 1927 | 18061513 | Several tumor-derived factors such as VEGF, IL-6, IL-10, M-CSF, and STAT-3 have been shown to be responsible for systemic and local DC defects. |
| 1928 | 18067172 | In this context, we evaluated the capacity of several differentiation factors, including Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) and Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (M-CSF), to drive differentiation of primary cell cultures, once immobilized on surfaces. |
| 1929 | 18081877 | The CHP-HER2 vaccine, comprising truncated 146HER2 protein complexed with nanogels of cholesteryl pullulan (CHP), is a novel protein antigen vaccine that elicits 146HER2-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cell immune responses in patients with HER2-expressing tumors. |
| 1930 | 18081877 | We analyzed the humoral responses in patients vaccinated with CHP-HER2 and those with CHP-HER2 plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1931 | 18081877 | Nine patients received the vaccine alone over the first four injections, followed by CHP-HER2 with GM-CSF or OK-432, whereas six received CHP-HER2 plus GM-CSF from the first cycle. 146HER2-specific IgG antibodies were induced in 14 patients, who were negative at baseline. |
| 1932 | 18081877 | The antibodies became detectable after the second or third vaccination and reached plateau levels after the third or fourth cycle in patients vaccinated with CHP-HER2 plus GM-CSF. |
| 1933 | 18081877 | Similarly, the same HER2 region was recognized dominantly in patients vaccinated with GM-CSF. |
| 1934 | 18081877 | Our results indicate that CHP-HER2 induced HER2-specific humoral responses in patients with HER2-expressing tumors and that GM-CSF seems to accelerate the responses. |
| 1935 | 18094967 | BALB/c mice received three preventive intraperitoneal immunizations with Mage-b DNA vaccine mixed with plasmid DNA, secreting granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1936 | 18094967 | Immunization with Mage-b/GM-CSF/TGB significantly reduced the number of metastases by 67% compared to the saline/GM-CSF/TGB and by 69% compared to the vector control/GM-CSF/TGB. |
| 1937 | 18094967 | Also, tumor growth was significantly reduced by 45% in mice vaccinated with Mage-b/GM-CSF/TGB compared to the saline/ GM-CSF/TGB and by 47% compared to the control vector/ GM-CSF/TGB group. |
| 1938 | 18094967 | In vivo, the number of CD8 T cells significantly increased in the primary tumors and metastases of mice vaccinated with Mage-b/GM-CSF/TGB compared to the saline/GM-CSF/TGB and the control vector/ GM-CSF/TGB group, while the number of CD4 T cells significantly decreased. |
| 1939 | 18094967 | The combination of Mage-b, GM-CSF and TGB did not only induce significantly higher levels of IFNgamma in the lymph nodes of vaccinated compared to control mice, but also induced significantly higher expression levels of Fas-ligand (FasL) in the primary tumors (expressing Fas protein constitutively), compared to the control mice. |
| 1940 | 18094967 | Whether the interaction between Fas and FasL may have contributed to the smaller tumors needs to be further analyzed. |
| 1941 | 18283628 | Here we report on the IN VITRO findings of a vaccination trial in five MTC patients, who were treated with a new DC generation protocol consisting of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interferon-alpha (IFN-DCs). |
| 1942 | 18283628 | In two patients who responded to therapy we found a large increase (in mean 2.9+/-1.9%) of antigen-specific IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ cells as well as an increase of granzyme B positive CD8+ cells (mean 2.2+/-0.2%) in the peripheral blood. |
| 1943 | 18283628 | In parallel, a decrease of CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells was seen. |
| 1944 | 18337646 | Clinical phase I intratumoral administration of two recombinant ALVAC canarypox viruses expressing human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-2: the transgene determines the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate. |
| 1945 | 18337646 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to activate dendritic cells, macrophages, and granulocytes leading to clinical trials using GM-CSF-based cancer vaccine approaches. |
| 1946 | 18337646 | We report a phase I clinical trial using intratumoral administration of ALVAC GM-CSF or ALVAC IL-2 in skin metastases of melanoma or leiomyosarcoma. |
| 1947 | 18337646 | ALVAC GM-CSF and ALVAC IL-2 were injected at 107.12 and 106.92, 50% cell culture infectious dose in eight metastases with acceptable tolerability. |
| 1948 | 18337646 | The transgene determined the local infiltrate: GM-CSF induced monocyte and macrophage enrichment of the peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate, whereas IL-2 increased local T lymphocytes. |
| 1949 | 18337646 | Stable disease of injected lesions was seen after ALVAC GM-CSF application, whereas ALVAC IL-2 treatment led to partial regression in three out of eight injected tumors, accompanied by decreased expression of melanocytic antigens. |
| 1950 | 18337646 | In summary, ALVAC GM-CSF and ALVAC IL-2 injections are safe and can mediate local biologic and immunologic effects. |
| 1951 | 18337646 | Clinical phase I intratumoral administration of two recombinant ALVAC canarypox viruses expressing human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or interleukin-2: the transgene determines the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate. |
| 1952 | 18337646 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been shown to activate dendritic cells, macrophages, and granulocytes leading to clinical trials using GM-CSF-based cancer vaccine approaches. |
| 1953 | 18337646 | We report a phase I clinical trial using intratumoral administration of ALVAC GM-CSF or ALVAC IL-2 in skin metastases of melanoma or leiomyosarcoma. |
| 1954 | 18337646 | ALVAC GM-CSF and ALVAC IL-2 were injected at 107.12 and 106.92, 50% cell culture infectious dose in eight metastases with acceptable tolerability. |
| 1955 | 18337646 | The transgene determined the local infiltrate: GM-CSF induced monocyte and macrophage enrichment of the peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate, whereas IL-2 increased local T lymphocytes. |
| 1956 | 18337646 | Stable disease of injected lesions was seen after ALVAC GM-CSF application, whereas ALVAC IL-2 treatment led to partial regression in three out of eight injected tumors, accompanied by decreased expression of melanocytic antigens. |
| 1957 | 18337646 | In summary, ALVAC GM-CSF and ALVAC IL-2 injections are safe and can mediate local biologic and immunologic effects. |
| 1958 | 18353922 | We report that hantavirus-infected female patients show significantly higher plasma levels of interleukin-9 (IL-9), fibroblast growth factor 2, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and lower levels of IL-8 and gamma interferon-induced protein 10 than male patients. |
| 1959 | 18364009 | Enhancing the clinical activity of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccines. |
| 1960 | 18364009 | A comparative analysis of vaccination with irradiated, murine tumor cells engineered to express a large number of immunostimulatory molecules established the superior ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to evoke potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 1961 | 18364009 | These include milk fat globule epidermal growth factor protein-8 expansion of forkhead box protein 3+ regulatory T cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4-mediated negative costimulation, and soluble major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A suppression of NKG2D-dependent innate and adaptive anti-tumor cytotoxicity. |
| 1962 | 18364009 | Enhancing the clinical activity of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor cell vaccines. |
| 1963 | 18364009 | A comparative analysis of vaccination with irradiated, murine tumor cells engineered to express a large number of immunostimulatory molecules established the superior ability of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to evoke potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity. |
| 1964 | 18364009 | These include milk fat globule epidermal growth factor protein-8 expansion of forkhead box protein 3+ regulatory T cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4-mediated negative costimulation, and soluble major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related protein A suppression of NKG2D-dependent innate and adaptive anti-tumor cytotoxicity. |
| 1965 | 18386791 | Combination of Fasl and GM-CSF confers synergistic antitumor immunity in an in vivo model of the murine Lewis lung carcinoma. |
| 1966 | 18386791 | Gene transfer of Fas ligand (FasL) to tumor cells has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth in vivo, and neutrophils are primarily responsible for this immunoprotection. |
| 1967 | 18386791 | The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secreted by tumor vaccine can recruit dendritic cells (DCs) for efficient antigen presentation to T cells that generate the tumor-specific response. |
| 1968 | 18386791 | To investigate whether the combination of FasL and GM-CSF can efficiently suppress tumor growth, we have established Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-1) cells that are transduced with GM-CSF (LLC/GM-CSF), FasL (LLC/FasL) or both genes (LLC/FasL/GM-CSF) to test their tumorigenic potential in vivo. |
| 1969 | 18386791 | In contrast, none of the mice injected with LLC/FasL or LLC/FasL/GM-CSF develop tumors. |
| 1970 | 18386791 | Specific memory immune response and delayed LLC-1 tumor growth are found in mice immunized with LLC-1/FasL or LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF. |
| 1971 | 18386791 | Furthermore, therapeutic effects are observed only when LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF tumor vaccine is employed to retard growth of preexisting LLC-1 tumors. |
| 1972 | 18386791 | Tumor growth is also completely suppressed in mice injected with a mixture of LLC-1 and LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF. |
| 1973 | 18386791 | In addition, IL-12 production, cytotoxic T-cell activity and IgG against LLC-1 are manifested in mice injected with LLC/FasL/GM-CSF. |
| 1974 | 18386791 | Our data show that FasL-induced pathway triggers expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 beta, IL-6, MIP-2 and MCP-1, while GM-CSF-dependent pathway promotes functional maturation and activation of DCs. |
| 1975 | 18386791 | Taken together, the results indicate that dual gene-based delivery with FasL and GM-CSF may serve as a more effective tumor vaccine to suppress lung cancer cell growth in vivo. |
| 1976 | 18391753 | The vaccines were administered with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant over a 7-week period. |
| 1977 | 18391753 | This includes 2 peptides, folate binding protein (FBP191-199) and Her-2/neu754-762, which had not previously been evaluated in vaccines in humans. |
| 1978 | 18470901 | Multiple-dose granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor plus 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a prospective, randomized trial of safety and immunogenicity. |
| 1979 | 18472817 | These investigations included research on the effects of macrophage-derived eicosanoids (cycloxygenase and lipoxygenase derivates of arachidonic acid) and of monokines such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 and granulocyte-monocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor) and of lymphocyte products: interleukins and interferons. |
| 1980 | 18480847 | Here, we evaluated Her-2/neu-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in immunized monkeys after immunization with nonreplicating adenovirus (AdHM) expressing the extracellular and transmembrane domain of human Her-2/neu (HM) and/or naked DNA vaccine (pHM-hGM-CSF) expressing human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor together with HM. |
| 1981 | 18480847 | Priming of monkeys with AdHM generated Her-2/neu-specific long-lasting antibody production. |
| 1982 | 18480847 | Furthermore, these Her-2/neu-specific antibodies produced by AdHM immunization, some of which shared epitope specificity with Herceptin, were able to induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against Her-2-expressing target cells. |
| 1983 | 18480847 | Cellular immune responses were elicited in all monkeys immunized with Her-2/neu-expressing vaccine; interferon-gamma was secreted when these splenocytes were restimulated with Her-2/neu-expressing autologous cells, and immunization with AdHM induced Her-2/neu-specific lymphoproliferative responses. |
| 1984 | 18480847 | Thus, we can conclude that our genetic vaccines efficiently elicited Her-2/neu-specific humoral and cellular immune responses without causing severe adverse effects in nonhuman primates and that as such they warrant further clinical investigation. |
| 1985 | 18481387 | Autologous preparations were applied intradermally in combination with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjuvant. |
| 1986 | 18520304 | This article reviews the following seven vaccines, which have entered randomized trials: L-BLP25 (Stimuvax), BEC-2, 1E10, PF-3512676 (Promune), melanoma-associated antigen A3 immunotherapeutic, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced allogeneic cancer cellular immunotherapy, and belagenpumatucel-L (Lucanix). |
| 1987 | 18528296 | TroVax has been evaluated in an open-label phase 2 trial in hormone refractory prostate cancer patients in which the vaccine was administered either alone or in combination with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1988 | 18528296 | Twenty-seven patients with metastatic hormone refractory prostate cancer were treated with TroVax alone (n=14) or TroVax+GM-CSF (n=13). 5T4-specific cellular and humoral responses were monitored throughout the study. |
| 1989 | 18528294 | The vaccine consisted of autologous DCs obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cultured in granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and IL-4 then pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysate and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). |
| 1990 | 18540530 | The method of immunization will confer significant properties to the potency of the vaccine and might require augmentation with certain adjuvant agents like interleukin-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 1991 | 18550728 | C57BL/6 mice vaccinated with T. cruzi G1 (TcG1)-, TcG2-, or TcG4-encoding plasmids and cytokine (interleukin-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) expression plasmids elicited a strong Th1-type antibody response dominated by immunoglobulin G2b (IgG2b)/IgG1 isotypes. |
| 1992 | 18550728 | Subsequently, the serum and cardiac levels of IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha and infiltration of inflammatory infiltrate in the heart were decreased in vaccinated mice during the course of infection and chronic disease development. |
| 1993 | 18797450 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells (DCs) as well as expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. |
| 1994 | 18797450 | We conducted a phase I/II trial of human GM-CSF DNA in conjunction with a multipeptide vaccine (gp100 and tyrosinase) in stage III/IV melanoma patients. |
| 1995 | 18797450 | Eight patients (42%) developed CD8+ T-cell responses, defined by a > or =3 SD increase in baseline reactivity to tyrosinase or gp100 peptide in tetramer or intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) assays. |
| 1996 | 18810669 | In this study, DCs isolated from peripheral blood monocytes of three pediatric patients with advanced (stage IV) NPC were incubated with whole-tumor-antigen preparations and differentiated into immature DCs in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4, and then underwent maturation when exposed to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. |
| 1997 | 18813779 | In this study, we examine the feasibility of cytokine gene delivery to cancerous lesions in vivo using intravenously administered pathotropically targeted nanoparticles bearing the gene encoding granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; i.e., Reximmune-C). |
| 1998 | 18813779 | In tumor-bearing nude mice, intravenous infusions of Reximmune-C-induced GM-CSF production by transduced cancer cells and paracrine secretion of the cytokine within the tumor nodules, which promoted the recruitment of host mononuclear cells, including CD40+ B cells and CD86+ dendritic cells, into the tumors. |
| 1999 | 18833002 | Immune responses detected in urothelial carcinoma patients after vaccination with NY-ESO-1 protein plus BCG and GM-CSF. |
| 2000 | 18833002 | Here we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine, which was administered with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and BCG as immunologic adjuvants in a cohort of urothelial carcinoma patients. |
| 2001 | 18833002 | NY-ESO-1-specific antibody responses were induced in 5/6 patients whereas CD8 T-cell responses occurred in 1/6 patients and CD4 T-cell responses were found in 6/6 patients. |
| 2002 | 18833002 | This study demonstrates safety and feasibility of the NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein in combination with BCG and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor to induce predominantly antibody and CD4 T-cell responses in urothelial carcinoma patients. |
| 2003 | 18833002 | Induction of higher frequency of CD8 T-cell responses may be possible in clinical trials implementing NY-ESO-1 vaccination in combination with other immunomodulatory agents. |
| 2004 | 18833002 | Immune responses detected in urothelial carcinoma patients after vaccination with NY-ESO-1 protein plus BCG and GM-CSF. |
| 2005 | 18833002 | Here we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant NY-ESO-1 protein vaccine, which was administered with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and BCG as immunologic adjuvants in a cohort of urothelial carcinoma patients. |
| 2006 | 18833002 | NY-ESO-1-specific antibody responses were induced in 5/6 patients whereas CD8 T-cell responses occurred in 1/6 patients and CD4 T-cell responses were found in 6/6 patients. |
| 2007 | 18833002 | This study demonstrates safety and feasibility of the NY-ESO-1 recombinant protein in combination with BCG and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor to induce predominantly antibody and CD4 T-cell responses in urothelial carcinoma patients. |
| 2008 | 18833002 | Induction of higher frequency of CD8 T-cell responses may be possible in clinical trials implementing NY-ESO-1 vaccination in combination with other immunomodulatory agents. |
| 2009 | 18996425 | To enhance the immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine, half of the vaccine recipients received recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) protein as a coadjuvant. |
| 2010 | 19008459 | Toward this end, we screened a murine renal cell carcinoma cDNA expression library with sera from mice vaccinated with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2011 | 19008459 | High titer antibodies to human PDI were similarly induced in an acute myeloid leukemia patient who achieved a complete response after vaccination with irradiated, autologous GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells in the setting of nonmyeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. |
| 2012 | 19008459 | Moreover, ERp5, a closely related disulfide isomerase involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related protein A (MICA) shedding, also evoked potent humoral reactions in diverse solid and hematologic malignancy patients who responded to GM-CSF-secreting tumor cell vaccines or antibody blockade of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4). |
| 2013 | 19080181 | In vitro inducing effect of dendritic cells cotransfected with survivin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on cytotoxic T cell to kill leukemic cells. |
| 2014 | 19092857 | A Kunjin replicon vector encoding granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor for intra-tumoral gene therapy. |
| 2015 | 19099654 | [Immunoregulation effects in vitro of the xenoprotein in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and bacillus Calmette-Guerin]. |
| 2016 | 19099654 | This study was aimed to investigate the effects of xenogeneic antigen neu-Fc in combination with the recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) on the regulation of Th1 and Th2 immune response in vitro. |
| 2017 | 19099654 | The production of IL-12 and IL-10 was measured by ELISA. |
| 2018 | 19099654 | Compared with neu-Fc or GM-CSF or BCG treatment alone, neu-Fc in combination with GM-CSF and BCG significantly stimulated IL-12 production and inhibited IL-10 production (p < 0.01). |
| 2019 | 19099654 | [Immunoregulation effects in vitro of the xenoprotein in combination with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor and bacillus Calmette-Guerin]. |
| 2020 | 19099654 | This study was aimed to investigate the effects of xenogeneic antigen neu-Fc in combination with the recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) on the regulation of Th1 and Th2 immune response in vitro. |
| 2021 | 19099654 | The production of IL-12 and IL-10 was measured by ELISA. |
| 2022 | 19099654 | Compared with neu-Fc or GM-CSF or BCG treatment alone, neu-Fc in combination with GM-CSF and BCG significantly stimulated IL-12 production and inhibited IL-10 production (p < 0.01). |
| 2023 | 19125383 | Subjects received five subcutaneous immunisations with MyVax plus locally administered granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2024 | 19168741 | Macrophages from neonatal and infant mice stimulated with killed pneumococci in vitro showed significantly reduced cytokine production, including that of KC, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma interferon, whereas IL-10 expression was significantly increased compared to that in macrophages from adult mice. |
| 2025 | 19168741 | IL-17A production from adult immune CD4(+) T cells was significantly delayed when neonatal macrophages instead of adult macrophages were used as antigen-presenting cells. |
| 2026 | 19169682 | Memory and cellular immunity induced by a DNA vaccine encoding self antigen TPD52 administered with soluble GM-CSF. |
| 2027 | 19169682 | The transgenic adeno-carcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) model was employed to study mD52 as a vaccine antigen. |
| 2028 | 19169682 | Sixty percent of mice were tumor free 85 days post challenge with TRAMP-C1 when immunized with mD52 as a DNA-based vaccine admixed with soluble granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2029 | 19190335 | C57BL/6 mouse-derived bone marrow cells were cultured with mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) for 6 days, and CD11c(+) cells were subsequently cultured with GM-CSF, rmIFN-gamma, rmIFN-alpha, rmIL-4, and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized by lysine and carboxymethylcellulose for 24 hours to generate DC1s. |
| 2030 | 19190335 | In analogy to their human counterparts, mouse DC1s exhibited surface marker profiles of mature DCs and produced high levels of IL-12 and CXCL10. |
| 2031 | 19224993 | Rhesus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was used as an adjuvant for enhancing the avidity of anti-Env Ab responses. |
| 2032 | 19238012 | To this end, we investigated here, for the treatment of a preimplanted murine renal cell carcinoma Renca, a new vaccination approach combining injection of DC and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene-transduced tumor cells. |
| 2033 | 19238012 | The combined vaccines induced elevated cytotoxic responses in all the cured mice and half of the uncured ones and a stronger systemic CD4+ T-cell-mediated interferon-gamma production in the cured vaccinated mice as compared with uncured ones. |
| 2034 | 19238012 | In conclusion, vaccines associating DC and GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells induce high therapeutic effect in mice with preexisting renal cell carcinoma that are correlated to the induction of specific CD8 and CD4+ T-cell responses. |
| 2035 | 19282460 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent adjuvant in cancer vaccination; however, the specific role of endogenous GM-CSF remains unknown. |
| 2036 | 19282460 | First, we vaccinated C57BL/6 mice lacking either GM-CSF, IL-5, or beta-common chain (betac), a receptor subunit essential for GM-CSF and IL-5 signaling, with melanoma cells engineered to produce GM-CSF. |
| 2037 | 19282460 | Tumor vaccination was effective in both GM-CSF(-/-) and IL-5(-/-) mice, showing that protective immunization is independent of both endogenous cytokines. |
| 2038 | 19282460 | The importance of tumor cell-derived GM-CSF was highlighted by recruitment of dendritic cells at the vaccination site in wild-type, GM-CSF(-/-), and IL-5(-/-) but not in betac(-/-) mice. |
| 2039 | 19282460 | Altogether, our results strongly suggest that although endogenous GM-CSF and IL-5 are not required to induce tumor immunity, signaling through betac receptor is critically needed for efficient cancer vaccination in both genetically modified GM-CSF-secreting tumor cells and a spontaneously immunogenic models. |
| 2040 | 19342965 | Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) are often produced by the stimulation of peripheral blood monocytes with interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. |
| 2041 | 19342965 | The purpose of this study was to determine if the DC maturation cocktail LPS plus IFN-gamma could be improved by the addition of 2 other DC maturation agents IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. |
| 2042 | 19342965 | Monocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cell concentrates by elutriation and were incubated for 3 days with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and IL-4 to produce iDCs. iDCs from each subject were divided into 3 and were incubated for 24 hours with LPS plus IFN-gamma; LPS, IFN-gamma, plus IL-1beta; or LPS, IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, plus TNF-alpha to produce mDCs. |
| 2043 | 19342965 | The DCs were compared by measuring the expression of costimulator and antigen presenting molecules (CD80, CD83, CD86, and human leukocyte antigen-DR) by flow cytometry, cytokine production (IL-12p70 and IL-10) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and global gene expression using an oligonucleotide microarray. |
| 2044 | 19342965 | There was no benefit of adding IL-1beta and TNF-alpha to LPS and IFN-gamma to produce mDCs. |
| 2045 | 19342965 | Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) are often produced by the stimulation of peripheral blood monocytes with interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. |
| 2046 | 19342965 | The purpose of this study was to determine if the DC maturation cocktail LPS plus IFN-gamma could be improved by the addition of 2 other DC maturation agents IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. |
| 2047 | 19342965 | Monocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cell concentrates by elutriation and were incubated for 3 days with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and IL-4 to produce iDCs. iDCs from each subject were divided into 3 and were incubated for 24 hours with LPS plus IFN-gamma; LPS, IFN-gamma, plus IL-1beta; or LPS, IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, plus TNF-alpha to produce mDCs. |
| 2048 | 19342965 | The DCs were compared by measuring the expression of costimulator and antigen presenting molecules (CD80, CD83, CD86, and human leukocyte antigen-DR) by flow cytometry, cytokine production (IL-12p70 and IL-10) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and global gene expression using an oligonucleotide microarray. |
| 2049 | 19342965 | There was no benefit of adding IL-1beta and TNF-alpha to LPS and IFN-gamma to produce mDCs. |
| 2050 | 19414675 | Placebo-controlled phase III trial of patient-specific immunotherapy with mitumprotimut-T and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor after rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma. |
| 2051 | 19428907 | Further analysis of protection induced by the MIC3 DNA vaccine against T. gondii: CD4 and CD8 T cells are the major effectors of the MIC3 DNA vaccine-induced protection, both Lectin-like and EGF-like domains of MIC3 conferred protection. |
| 2052 | 19428907 | We performed the adoptive transfer of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes from pMIC3i immunized mice to naive ones and the role of humoral immunity was evaluated by in vitro invasion assays. |
| 2053 | 19428907 | Furthermore, the adjuvant effect of the GM-CSF-expressing vector (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) required the precise temporal and spatial codelivery of GM-CSF with antigen, thus, we constructed a bicistronic plasmid expressing MIC3 and GM-CSF. |
| 2054 | 19428907 | In conclusion, the protection induced by pMIC3i was mainly mediated by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and both EGF and Lectin domains of MIC3 conferred protection. |
| 2055 | 19450898 | In current work, we have developed DNA vaccines expressing M. tuberculosis antigen 85A (Ag85A) and cytokine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and aimed to investigate the immune effect in mice based on BCG priming and DNA vaccine boosting and immune protection against M. tuberculosis challenge. |
| 2056 | 19450898 | Our results showed that the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte and spleen cell proliferative responses to Ag85A and IFN-gamma level as well as the specific antibody titer against Ag85A were significantly increased in mice immunized with prime-boost strategy in comparison with the mice immunized with BCG or DNA vaccine expressing Ag85A and GM-CSF alone. |
| 2057 | 19464559 | Vaccination with vif-deleted feline immunodeficiency virus provirus, GM-CSF, and TNF-alpha plasmids preserves global CD4 T lymphocyte function after challenge with FIV. |
| 2058 | 19464559 | Vaccine protocols included FIV-pPPRDeltavif plasmid alone; a combination of FIV-pPPRDeltavif DNA and feline granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expression plasmids; or a combination of FIV-pPPRDeltavif and feline interleukin (IL)-15 plasmids. |
| 2059 | 19464559 | Cats immunized with FIV-pPPRDeltavif, GM-CSF and TNF-alpha plasmids demonstrated an increased frequency of FIV-specific T cell proliferation responses compared to other vaccine groups. |
| 2060 | 19464559 | However, prior immunization with FIV-pPPRDeltavif, GM-CSF, and TNF-alpha plasmids resulted in preservation of CD4 T cell functions, including mitogen-induced cytokine expression and antigen-specific proliferation upon infection with FIV. |
| 2061 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plus interleukin-2 plus alpha-interferon plus 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer: induction of CD80/86+ T cells indicates adverse outcome. |
| 2062 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plays a central role in the differentiation and activation of antigen presenting cells. |
| 2063 | 19483643 | This clinical phase 1/2 chemoimmunotherapy trial in metastatic RCC used sequential application of alpha-interferon /5-fluorouracil followed by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor/interleukin-2. |
| 2064 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plus interleukin-2 plus alpha-interferon plus 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer: induction of CD80/86+ T cells indicates adverse outcome. |
| 2065 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plays a central role in the differentiation and activation of antigen presenting cells. |
| 2066 | 19483643 | This clinical phase 1/2 chemoimmunotherapy trial in metastatic RCC used sequential application of alpha-interferon /5-fluorouracil followed by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor/interleukin-2. |
| 2067 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plus interleukin-2 plus alpha-interferon plus 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of metastatic renal cell cancer: induction of CD80/86+ T cells indicates adverse outcome. |
| 2068 | 19483643 | Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor plays a central role in the differentiation and activation of antigen presenting cells. |
| 2069 | 19483643 | This clinical phase 1/2 chemoimmunotherapy trial in metastatic RCC used sequential application of alpha-interferon /5-fluorouracil followed by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor/interleukin-2. |
| 2070 | 19483646 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, sargramostim) administered for 3 years as adjuvant therapy of stages II(T4), III, and IV melanoma. |
| 2071 | 19483646 | A hypothesis generating study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prolonged (3 y) administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, sargramostim) as surgical adjuvant therapy in patients with melanoma at high risk of recurrence. |
| 2072 | 19483646 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, sargramostim) administered for 3 years as adjuvant therapy of stages II(T4), III, and IV melanoma. |
| 2073 | 19483646 | A hypothesis generating study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of prolonged (3 y) administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, sargramostim) as surgical adjuvant therapy in patients with melanoma at high risk of recurrence. |
| 2074 | 19543689 | The purpose of the present study was to determine whether co-administration of a plasmid containing a chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene and a plasmid containing the S1 gene of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) could enhance the immune response and protection efficacy in chickens against challenge by virulent IBV. |
| 2075 | 19549607 | Serum IgG and IgA antibodies directed against gp160, p24, or Nef were also produced regardless of immunization route used. |
| 2076 | 19549607 | Neutralizing reactivity was also detected after s.c. and i.m. immunizations in the presence of the cytokine adjuvant granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2077 | 19550341 | Effective anti-tumor responses induced by recombinant bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccines based on different tandem repeats of MUC1 and GM-CSF. |
| 2078 | 19550341 | In this study, we constructed several novel breast cancer vaccines, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-MUC1 variable-number tandem repeats (VNTR) 1/4/8-CSF, that consist of BCG and express 1, 4, and 8 of the tandem repeats of MUC1 and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2079 | 19550341 | We also found that CD4-positive and CD8-positive lymphocytes were detected only in tumors grown in rBCG-MVNTR4/8-CSF-immunized animals, and strong IFN-gamma responses were induced by immunization with rBCG-MVNTR4-CSF and rBCG-MVNTR8-CSF vaccines. |
| 2080 | 19587137 | As a prelude to primate studies, the immunogenicity of wild-type and codon-optimized versions of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)agm Gag DNA, with and without co-administered granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) DNA, was directly compared in two strains of mice. |
| 2081 | 19609242 | We injected intradermally protamine-stabilized mRNAs coding for Melan-A, Tyrosinase, gp100, Mage-A1, Mage-A3, and Survivin in 21 metastatic melanoma patients. |
| 2082 | 19609242 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was applied as an adjuvant. |
| 2083 | 19609242 | During treatment the frequency of Foxp3+/CD4+ regulatory T cells was significantly decreased upon mRNA vaccination in peripheral blood of the patients in the KLH arm, whereas myeloid suppressor cells (CD11b+HLA-DR lo monocytes) were reduced in the patients not receiving KLH. |
| 2084 | 19656994 | Bone-marrow derived DCs (BMDCs) were cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4. |
| 2085 | 19707424 | The role of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the supportive care of cancer patients has been evaluated with promising results. |
| 2086 | 19738077 | Previously, we have shown that combining blockade of the T-cell-negative costimulatory molecule CTL-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and vaccination with irradiated B16 tumor expressing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF; Gvax) promotes rejection of established murine melanomas. |
| 2087 | 19738077 | Here we show that, like GM-CSF, the cytokine Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) expressed in B16 and coupled with CTLA-4 blockade promotes both prophylactic and therapeutic rejection of B16. |
| 2088 | 19738077 | Further, we show that a combination of Flt3L expression and CTLA-4 blockade can also promote the rejection of established TRAMP prostate adenocarcinomas, proving that the utility of this treatment extends beyond melanoma. |
| 2089 | 19805669 | Timed sequential treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and an allogeneic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting breast tumor vaccine: a chemotherapy dose-ranging factorial study of safety and immune activation. |
| 2090 | 19935776 | We used a rVV encoding gp100(280-288), Melan-A/MART-1(27-35) and tyrosinase(1-9) HLA-A0201 restricted epitopes and CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules in stage III and IV melanoma patients in a phase 1/2 trial. |
| 2091 | 19935776 | Of 15 patients initiating treatment, including two cycles of IN immunization, each comprising one rVV administration and three recall injections of the corresponding peptides, accompanied by subcutaneous granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor supplementation, five withdrew due to progressing disease. |
| 2092 | 19996694 | We engineered recombinant Lactobacillus casei, producing biologically active canine granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (cGM-CSF), and investigated its possibility as a good probiotic agent for dogs. |
| 2093 | 20038209 | Recombinant mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is glycosylated in transgenic tobacco and maintains its biological activity. |
| 2094 | 20038209 | The granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine with many important applications and, due to its immunostimulatory properties, could also be used as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 2095 | 20038209 | Recombinant mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is glycosylated in transgenic tobacco and maintains its biological activity. |
| 2096 | 20038209 | The granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine with many important applications and, due to its immunostimulatory properties, could also be used as a vaccine adjuvant. |
| 2097 | 20064558 | Co-expression of Japanese encephalitis virus prM-E-NS1 antigen with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances humoral and anti-virus immunity after DNA vaccination. |
| 2098 | 20064558 | Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an agent of Japanese encephalitis, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an attractive DNA vaccine adjuvant for its antigen presentation. |
| 2099 | 20064558 | Co-expression of Japanese encephalitis virus prM-E-NS1 antigen with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances humoral and anti-virus immunity after DNA vaccination. |
| 2100 | 20064558 | Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an agent of Japanese encephalitis, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an attractive DNA vaccine adjuvant for its antigen presentation. |
| 2101 | 20078425 | The Ig-like domain of human GM-CSF receptor alpha plays a critical role in cytokine binding and receptor activation. |
| 2102 | 20078425 | GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) is an important mediator of inducible haemopoiesis and inflammation, and has a critical role in the function of alveolar macrophages. |
| 2103 | 20078425 | To locate the specific residues in the Ig-like domain of GM-CSFRalpha involved in GM-CSF binding, a structural alignment was made with a related receptor, IL-13Ralpha1 (interleukin-13 receptor alpha1), whose structure and mode of interaction with its ligand has recently been elucidated. |
| 2104 | 20130057 | In a novel prime-boost approach, specific-pathogen-free cats were primed with a plasmid expressing Env of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and then boosted with their own T lymphocytes transduced ex vivo to produce the same Env and interleukin 15 (3 x 10(6) to 10 x 10(6) viable cells/cat). |
| 2105 | 20130128 | The orf6 and orf7 genes fused with porcine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were cloned into the mammalian expression vector to generate two plasmid DNAs, namely, pcDNA3.1-GM-CSF-PRRSV-M and pcDNA3.1-GM-CSF-PRRSV-N. |
| 2106 | 20130128 | Higher levels of T-cell proliferation and IFN-gamma synthesis were identified in PBMCs isolated from the pigs immunized with pcDNA3.1-GM-CSF-PRRSV-M than in those isolated from the pigs immunized with pcDNA3.1-GM-CSF-PRRSV-N. |
| 2107 | 20153794 | Of the total 265 differentially expressed genes identified in this study, 6 clusters of genes were identified to be tightly coexpressed, many of which are likely modulated by cytokines including type 1 interferons (IFNs) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2108 | 20153794 | Moreover, it is suggested that the IFN-stimulated response element is likely to be a potential bidirectional promoter, and the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein might cooperate with the E2F transcription factor family in the regulation of the cell cycle in the early immune response induced by the influenza vaccine. |
| 2109 | 20220777 | CD8(+) T cells primed with the RHAMM-derived epitope R3, which is restricted by human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2, effectively lyse RHAMM(+) CLL cells. |
| 2110 | 20220777 | Six HLA-A2(+) CLL patients were vaccinated four times at biweekly intervals with the R3 peptide (ILSLELMKL; 300 microg per dose) emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant; granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (100 microg per dose) was administered concomitantly. |
| 2111 | 20220777 | In patients with clinical responses, we found increased frequencies of R3-specific CD8(+) T cells that expressed high levels of CD107a and produced both interferon-gamma and granzyme B in response to antigen challenge. |
| 2112 | 20220777 | Thus peptide vaccination in six CLL patients was safe and could elicit to some extent specific CD8(+) T-cell responses against the tumor antigen RHAMM. |
| 2113 | 20413296 | As has been discussed with respect to the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-SCF) as an adjuvant, the failures of clinical trials may be explained, in part, by a vaccine-specific adverse event, i.e. the induction of an 'inconvenient immune response' that inhibits pre-existing host immunity. |
| 2114 | 20427631 | The CMV pp65 peptide pool and the superantigen Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) induced higher proportions of CD8+ effector T cells expressing gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the oldest study group, while only SEB induced increased responses in the middle-aged study group. |
| 2115 | 20427631 | Notably, CMV-specific multiple cytokine expression patterns revealed higher proportions of IFN-gamma- and TNF-alpha-coexpressing CD8+ T cells exclusively in the oldest study group. |
| 2116 | 20427631 | These qualitative differences were absent in SEB-induced CD8+ effector T cells, although quantitative differences were detected. |
| 2117 | 20450326 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been utilized in the clinical management of multiple disease processes. |
| 2118 | 20463104 | Strong HIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte proliferative responses in healthy individuals immunized with an HIV-1 DNA vaccine and boosted with recombinant modified vaccinia virus ankara expressing HIV-1 genes. |
| 2119 | 20463104 | We investigated HIV-1 vaccine-induced lymphoproliferative responses in healthy volunteers immunized intradermally or intramuscularly (with or without adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] protein) with DNA expressing HIV-1 gag, env, rev, and rt at months 0, 1, and 3 using a Biojector and boosted at 9 months with modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) expressing heterologous HIV-1 gag, env, and pol (HIV-MVA). |
| 2120 | 20463104 | Thirty-two of 38 (84%) vaccinees were reactive by the CD4(+) T-cell FASCIA-WB, and 7 of 38 (18%) also exhibited CD8(+) T-cell responses. |
| 2121 | 20463739 | In subcutaneous and metastatic tumour models, tumour-targeted delivery of NMD factor-specific siRNAs conjugated to oligonucleotide aptamer ligands led to significant inhibition of tumour growth that was superior to that of vaccination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing irradiated tumour cells, and could be further enhanced by co-stimulation. |
| 2122 | 20466548 | We report on the safety and feasibility of autologous tumor cell vaccination combined with infusion of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor by a programmable pump in the treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas. |
| 2123 | 20551833 | Immunogenicity for CD8+ and CD4+ T cells of 2 formulations of an incomplete freund's adjuvant for multipeptide melanoma vaccines. |
| 2124 | 20551833 | Analyses included 194 patients who received either IFA-AN or IFA-VG for all vaccines, and a subset of 93 patients best matched by study arm for vaccine antigens (12 melanoma peptides restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I, 12MP; plus a tetanus helper peptide, tet) administered with IFA but without granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor. |
| 2125 | 20600512 | Immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in HIV-infected subjects using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a vaccine adjuvant: ACTG study 5220. |
| 2126 | 20600512 | GM-CSF had no significant effect on VL or CD4. |
| 2127 | 20693840 | Other platforms such as GVAX (tumor cells genetically engineered to produce granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) aim to deliver tumor antigens in vivo in an immune stimulatory context to endogenous DCs. |
| 2128 | 20844609 | Vaccine vectors based on heavily attenuated murine coronavirus genomes were generated to express epitopes from the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein, or human Melan-A, in combination with the immunostimulatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2129 | 20844609 | Furthermore, human DCs transduced with Melan-A-recombinant human coronavirus 229E efficiently activated tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells. |
| 2130 | 20849310 | She was treated with a vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells incubated with irradiated tumor cells from an autologous tumor cell line and suspended in granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with subcutaneous injections once a week for 3 weeks and monthly for 5 months. |
| 2131 | 20850939 | Protective immune responses induced by in ovo immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing spike (S1) glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus fused/co-administered with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 2132 | 20850939 | In the present report, the recombinant adenoviruses expressing chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and S1 gene of nephropathogenic IBV were constructed and characterized. |
| 2133 | 20850939 | Moreover, the fusion of the GM-CSF markedly increased spleen cell proliferation and IFN-γ production while mild increased in IL-4 production, which demonstrated the enhancement of cell-mediated immune responses. |
| 2134 | 20850939 | Protective immune responses induced by in ovo immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing spike (S1) glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus fused/co-administered with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 2135 | 20850939 | In the present report, the recombinant adenoviruses expressing chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and S1 gene of nephropathogenic IBV were constructed and characterized. |
| 2136 | 20850939 | Moreover, the fusion of the GM-CSF markedly increased spleen cell proliferation and IFN-γ production while mild increased in IL-4 production, which demonstrated the enhancement of cell-mediated immune responses. |
| 2137 | 20855616 | In the present study, we demonstrate that virus-associated RNAs (VA-RNAs), which are small RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III, induce the production of type I IFN (IFN-α and IFN-β), but they do not induce the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-12), in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-generated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (GM-DCs). |
| 2138 | 20930069 | IL-6 in human cytomegalovirus secretome promotes angiogenesis and survival of endothelial cells through the stimulation of survivin. |
| 2139 | 20930069 | Several cytokines were significantly induced in the HCMV secretomes including interleukin-6 (IL-6), granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IL-8/CXCL8. |
| 2140 | 20930069 | In these cells, IL-6 prevented apoptosis by blocking caspase-3 and -7 activation through the induction of survivin. |
| 2141 | 20930069 | Neutralization of IL-6 receptor on ECs abolished the ability of HCMV secretome to increase survivin expression and activated effector caspases. |
| 2142 | 20946965 | Vaccination with irradiated autologous tumor cells, engineered to secrete granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (GM tumor), can generate potent antitumor effects when combined with autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT). |
| 2143 | 21030562 | We have completed a phase 1 study in which patients with multiple myeloma underwent serial vaccination with the DC/multiple myeloma fusions in conjunction with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2144 | 21030562 | DCs were generated from adherent mononuclear cells cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α and fused with myeloma cells obtained from marrow aspirates. |
| 2145 | 21030562 | Vaccination resulted in the expansion of circulating CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes reactive with autologous myeloma cells in 11 of 15 evaluable patients. |
| 2146 | 21030562 | We have completed a phase 1 study in which patients with multiple myeloma underwent serial vaccination with the DC/multiple myeloma fusions in conjunction with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2147 | 21030562 | DCs were generated from adherent mononuclear cells cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-α and fused with myeloma cells obtained from marrow aspirates. |
| 2148 | 21030562 | Vaccination resulted in the expansion of circulating CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes reactive with autologous myeloma cells in 11 of 15 evaluable patients. |
| 2149 | 21039466 | Immature MoDCs were generated by incubating peripheral blood monocytes with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-4. |
| 2150 | 21039466 | MoLCs showed a lower expression of CD83, CD86, HLA-DR and CCR7 compared with MoDCs, regardless of their maturational status. |
| 2151 | 21039466 | Both immature and mature MoLCs secreted higher quantities of IL-23 compared with MoDCs and this finding correlated with a higher secretion of IL-17 in co-culture of MoLCs with allogeneic CD4(+) T cells. |
| 2152 | 21039466 | Mature MoLCs, which produced higher levels of IL-12 and lower levels of IL-10 compared with mature MoDCs, were more potent at inducing interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by CD4(+) T cells in the co-culture system. |
| 2153 | 21074057 | Immune checkpoint proteins: a new therapeutic paradigm for cancer--preclinical background: CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade. |
| 2154 | 21074057 | Promising clinical data have already been generated in melanoma and other tumor types with human antibodies directed against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 (PD-1). |
| 2155 | 21074057 | In contrast, much of the early work with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies indicated that it had a potent therapeutic effect only when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced tumor vaccines, and that the antibody alone was effective only in the most immunogenic tumor models in mice. |
| 2156 | 21074057 | Murine experiments also suggested that CTLA-4 abrogation might function via important effects on natural T-regulatory cells that were CD4(+), CD25(+high), and FOXp3(+), but this has not been borne out in experiments using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients treated with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, and unlike in animals, in humans the exact mechanism(s) by which CTLA-4 abrogation induced an anti-tumor effect is still unclear. |
| 2157 | 21074057 | Abrogation of PD-1 functions via different immune signaling pathways than CTLA-4 and is likely to have a different spectrum of effects than blocking CTLA-4. |
| 2158 | 21093448 | Monocytes enriched from HIV-1-infected highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated patients were cultured for three days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and alpha-interferon. |
| 2159 | 21093448 | Flow cytometry analysis of thawed DC vaccines showed expression of DC differentiation markers: CD1b/c, CD14, HLA-DR, CD11c, co-stimulatory molecule CD80 and DC maturation marker CD83. |
| 2160 | 21093448 | DCs were capable of eliciting an HIV-1-antigen-specific response, as measured by expansion of autologous CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells. |
| 2161 | 21093448 | The expanded T-cells secreted gamma-IFN and interleukin (IL)-13, but not IL-10. |
| 2162 | 21095256 | Evaluation of a DNA vaccine candidate expressing prM-E-NS1 antigens of dengue virus serotype 1 with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in immunogenicity and protection. |
| 2163 | 21095256 | In this study, we constructed DNA vaccines that carried the prM-E-NS1 genes of dengue virus serotype 1 (DV1) with or without the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene, an attractive DNA vaccine adjuvant. |
| 2164 | 21095256 | Immunization with the plasmid pCAG-DV1/E/NS1, which expresses viral prM-E-NS1, or the bicistronic plasmid pCAG-DV1-GM, which co-expresses viral prM-E-NS1 and GM-CSF, resulted in long-term IgG response, high levels of splenocyte-secreted interferon-γ and interleukin-2, strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and sufficient protection in the DV1-challenged mice. |
| 2165 | 21095256 | Evaluation of a DNA vaccine candidate expressing prM-E-NS1 antigens of dengue virus serotype 1 with or without granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in immunogenicity and protection. |
| 2166 | 21095256 | In this study, we constructed DNA vaccines that carried the prM-E-NS1 genes of dengue virus serotype 1 (DV1) with or without the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene, an attractive DNA vaccine adjuvant. |
| 2167 | 21095256 | Immunization with the plasmid pCAG-DV1/E/NS1, which expresses viral prM-E-NS1, or the bicistronic plasmid pCAG-DV1-GM, which co-expresses viral prM-E-NS1 and GM-CSF, resulted in long-term IgG response, high levels of splenocyte-secreted interferon-γ and interleukin-2, strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity and sufficient protection in the DV1-challenged mice. |
| 2168 | 21106736 | To address the importance of DC activation for RABV vaccine efficacy, the genes for several DC recruitment and/or activation molecules, e.g., granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP-1α), were individually cloned into RABV. |
| 2169 | 21106736 | Infection of mouse bone marrow-derived DCs with each of the recombinant viruses resulted in DC activation, as shown by increased surface expression of CD11c and CD86 as well as an increased level of alpha interferon (IFN-α) production compared to levels observed after infection with the parent virus. |
| 2170 | 21106736 | Furthermore, a single immunization with recombinant RABV expressing GM-CSF or MDC protected significantly more mice against intracerebral challenge with virulent RABV than did immunization with the parental virus. |
| 2171 | 21184857 | We also evaluated the effect of co-expressing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the vaccine context. |
| 2172 | 21184857 | IFN-α/β-inducing and GM-CSF-expressing CSF-VRP were similar to unmodified VRP in terms of antibody and peripheral T-cell responses, and in reducing the blood levels of challenge virus RNA. |
| 2173 | 21189474 | Intradermal vaccinations with RNA coding for TAA generate CD8+ and CD4+ immune responses and induce clinical benefit in vaccinated patients. |
| 2174 | 21189474 | The aim of this phase I/II nonrandomized trial was to assess feasibility, safety as well as immunological and clinical responses of a mRNA-based vaccination in patients with stage IV renal cell cancer using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as adjuvant. |
| 2175 | 21189474 | Intradermal injections of in vitro transcribed naked mRNA, which was generated using plasmids coding for the tumor-associated antigens mucin 1(MUC1), carcinoembryonic (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu), telomerase, survivin, and melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-A1) were performed in 30 enrolled patients. |
| 2176 | 21189474 | Induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses was shown for several tumor-associated antigens (TAA) using interferon-γ (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) and Cr-release assays. |
| 2177 | 21195077 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was administered subcutaneously with each vaccination. |
| 2178 | 21217520 | A lethally irradiated allogeneic granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor-secreting tumor vaccine for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. |
| 2179 | 21243538 | Sipuleucel-T consists of autologous dendritic cells activated in vitro with recombinant fusion protein PA2024, PAP-linked to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2180 | 21250598 | Cloning and expression of chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) gene. |
| 2181 | 21250598 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF), a multifunctional cytokine can enhance immune responses when administered along with DNA vaccine. |
| 2182 | 21250598 | Cloning and expression of chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) gene. |
| 2183 | 21250598 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF), a multifunctional cytokine can enhance immune responses when administered along with DNA vaccine. |
| 2184 | 21289616 | The Ad5-mediated induction of RALDH did not require signaling through Toll-like receptors, DNA-dependent activator of interferon regulatory factors and several mitogen-activated protein kinases, or replication capacity of the virus, but was dependent on nuclear factor-κB and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2185 | 21331814 | This study was designed to investigate the optimal schedule and mechanisms of action of a novel GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) surface-modified tumor-cell vaccine in combination with paclitaxel in the treatment of mouse RM-1 prostate cancer. |
| 2186 | 21331814 | The results showed that: (a) the GM-CSF-surface-modified tumor-cell vaccine was more potent at inducing the uptake of tumor antigens by DCs than irradiated tumor cells plus free GM-CSF; (b) 4 mg/kg paclitaxel combined with the GM-CSF-surface-modified tumor-cell vaccine was the most effective at enhancing tumor regression in RM-1 prostate cancer mice when the vaccine was administrated 2 days after paclitaxel; and (c) administration of 4 mg/kg paclitaxel followed by the vaccine induced the highest degree of CD8(+) T-cell infiltration in tumor tissue, suggesting that the induction of tumor-specific immune response had occurred. |
| 2187 | 21367980 | The draining lymph node cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes from vaccinated dogs demonstrated gamma interferon (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) specifically in response to stimulation with Blastomyces antigens. |
| 2188 | 21445524 | In addition, a single vaccine dose consisting of the co-administration of pgD-E7E6E5 and the vector encoding interleukin-12 or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor further enhanced the therapeutic anti-tumor effects and conferred protection to 60 and 50% of the vaccinated mice, respectively. |
| 2189 | 21463625 | DCs were generated from peripheral blood monocytes with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2190 | 21463625 | Compared to DCs treated with E7 in a 2-D culture model, the expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD40 were significantly increased in the 3-D model (p<0.05), and a remarkable increase of IL-12 p70 was observed. |
| 2191 | 21468000 | Optimizing DC vaccination by combination with oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF. |
| 2192 | 21468000 | To overcome these obstacles and enhance the efficiency of DC vaccination, we generated interleukin (IL)-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-coexpressing oncolytic adenovirus (Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF) as suitable therapeutic adjuvant to eliminate immune suppression and promote DC function. |
| 2193 | 21468000 | By treating tumors with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF prior to DC vaccination, DCs elicited greater antitumor effects than in response to either treatment alone. |
| 2194 | 21468000 | This result was associated with upregulation of CC-chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21(+)) lymphatics in tumors treated with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF. |
| 2195 | 21468000 | Moreover, the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+) T-cells and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was decreased in mice treated with the combination therapy. |
| 2196 | 21468000 | Furthermore, combination therapy using immature DCs also showed effective antitumor effects when combined with Ad-ΔB7/IL12/GMCSF. |
| 2197 | 21468000 | Taken together, oncolytic adenovirus coexpressing IL-12 and GM-CSF in combination with DC vaccination has synergistic antitumor effects and can act as a potent adjuvant for promoting and optimizing DC vaccination. |
| 2198 | 21515681 | A chimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer with an embedded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) domain induces enhanced antibody and T cell responses. |
| 2199 | 21515681 | A stabilized Env trimer was therefore engineered with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inserted into the V1V2 domain of gp120. |
| 2200 | 21515681 | A chimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer with an embedded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) domain induces enhanced antibody and T cell responses. |
| 2201 | 21515681 | A stabilized Env trimer was therefore engineered with the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inserted into the V1V2 domain of gp120. |
| 2202 | 21621934 | Sipuleucel-T (Provenge®, or APC8015) is a novel cancer vaccine developed from autologous dendritic cells (DC) loaded with engineered fusion protein of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2203 | 21628671 | Prevention of infection by a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor co-expressing DNA/modified vaccinia Ankara simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine. |
| 2204 | 21628671 | A simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccine coexpressing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prevented infection in 71% of macaques that received 12 rectal challenges. |
| 2205 | 21628671 | Prevention of infection by a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor co-expressing DNA/modified vaccinia Ankara simian immunodeficiency virus vaccine. |
| 2206 | 21628671 | A simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) vaccine coexpressing granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) prevented infection in 71% of macaques that received 12 rectal challenges. |
| 2207 | 21676888 | A novel recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin strain expressing human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and Mycobacterium tuberculosis early secretory antigenic target 6 complex augments Th1 immunity. |
| 2208 | 21676888 | In this study, we constructed a novel recombinant BCG strain (rBCG) expressing human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the 6 kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, named rBCG:GE (expressing GMCSF-ESAT6 complex), and evaluated the immunogenicity of the construct in BALB/c mice. |
| 2209 | 21676888 | Moreover, the rBCG:GE also elicited a longer-lasting and stronger Th1 cellular immune responses than the other groups, which was confirmed by the incremental proliferation of splenocytes, the increased percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of spleen, the elevated level of interferon-γ in splenocyte culture after tuberculin-purified protein derivative stimulation, and the increased concentration of GM-CSF in serum. |
| 2210 | 21676888 | A novel recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin strain expressing human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and Mycobacterium tuberculosis early secretory antigenic target 6 complex augments Th1 immunity. |
| 2211 | 21676888 | In this study, we constructed a novel recombinant BCG strain (rBCG) expressing human granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and the 6 kDa early secretory antigenic target (ESAT6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, named rBCG:GE (expressing GMCSF-ESAT6 complex), and evaluated the immunogenicity of the construct in BALB/c mice. |
| 2212 | 21676888 | Moreover, the rBCG:GE also elicited a longer-lasting and stronger Th1 cellular immune responses than the other groups, which was confirmed by the incremental proliferation of splenocytes, the increased percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of spleen, the elevated level of interferon-γ in splenocyte culture after tuberculin-purified protein derivative stimulation, and the increased concentration of GM-CSF in serum. |
| 2213 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2214 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2215 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2216 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2217 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2218 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2219 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2220 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2221 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2222 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2223 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2224 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2225 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2226 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2227 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2228 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2229 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2230 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2231 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2232 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2233 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2234 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2235 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2236 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2237 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2238 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2239 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2240 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2241 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2242 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2243 | 21697748 | Pilot study of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 as immune adjuvants for a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2244 | 21697748 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 are immune-potentiating cytokines that have improved vaccine responses in preclinical models. |
| 2245 | 21697748 | We hypothesized that higher doses of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and addition of low-dose interleukin-2 might augment responses to vaccine antigens. |
| 2246 | 21697748 | Patients with resected stage II, III, or IV melanoma were treated with vaccines containing three melanoma-associated peptides [MART-1a, gp100(207-217), and survivin], along with 300 or 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Montanide ISA. |
| 2247 | 21697748 | Responses were not higher in patients receiving 500 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or low-dose interleukin-2 than in patients receiving 300 mcg granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor only. |
| 2248 | 21697748 | Neither increasing the dose of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor nor addition of low-dose interleukin-2 resulted in an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes to a melanoma peptide vaccine. |
| 2249 | 21789160 | Sipuleucel-T is an autologous active cellular immunotherapy product, which includes autologous dendritic cells pulsed ex vivo with PAP2024, a recombinant fusion protein made of prostatic acid phosphatase and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2250 | 21914064 | The DNA of HBV S gene and the cDNA of the extracellular domain of human CD40 ligand were linked by cloning. |
| 2251 | 21914064 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy adults were incubated and induced into dendritic cells (DC) in presence of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4(IL-4). |
| 2252 | 21914064 | We find that, compared with control groups, modification of DCs with HBV S-ecdCD40L fusion gene resulted in the activation of DCs with upregulated expression of immunologically important cell surface molecules (CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12). |
| 2253 | 21983362 | CBA/J mice immunized with pRON4, pNRON4 or pCRON4 plus a plasmid encoding the granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor showed high IgG titers against rRON4S2. |
| 2254 | 21983362 | In addition to the production of IFN-γ, and IL-2, Il-10 and IL-5 were also produced by the spleen cells of the immunized mice stimulated with RON4S2, suggesting that a mixed Th1/Th2 type immune response occurred in all the immunized groups. |
| 2255 | 21997231 | CCL21 (SLC) improves tumor protection by a DNA vaccine in a Her2/neu mouse tumor model. |
| 2256 | 21997231 | Secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC/CCL21) is a CC chemokine that is constitutively expressed in various lymphoid tissues and binds to chemokine receptor CCR7 on mature dendritic cells (DCs) and distinct T-and B-cell sub-populations. |
| 2257 | 21997231 | We asked whether CCL21 is able to augment immunogenicity of a DNA-based vaccine against Her2/neu in a Balb/c mouse model with syngeneic Her2/neu+ tumor cells (D2F2/E2). |
| 2258 | 21997231 | Coexpression of CCL21 and Her-2/neu resulted in induction of a TH1-polarized immune response and substantial improvement of the protective effect of the DNA vaccine. |
| 2259 | 21997231 | Coexpression of tumor antigen pDNA(Her2/neu) with both pDNA(GM-CSF) and pDNA(CCL21) as adjuvants led to further improvement of protection by the vaccine (70% tumor-free mice on day 35 vs 40% with either adjuvant alone vs 5-10% with tumor antigen alone). |
| 2260 | 21997231 | Our results show that CCL21 is a potent adjuvant for DNA vaccination, particularly in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2261 | 21997231 | Clinical use of a pDNA(Her2/neu/CCL21/GM-CSF) vaccine might be particularly promising in minimal residual Her2/neu+ breast cancer. |
| 2262 | 22028726 | Several methods have been pursued as immunotherapies for AML: peptide vaccines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting tumor vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and adoptive T cell therapy. |
| 2263 | 22087247 | Results showed that SIS affected cytokine and chemokines microenvironments such as up-regulation of IL-4 and CD30-ligand and activation of chemotactic factors LIX and KC (neutrophil chemotactic factors), MCP-1 (monocytes chemotactic factors), MIP 1-α (macrophage chemotactic factor) and lymphotactin, as well as, growth factors like M-CSF. |
| 2264 | 22087247 | However, in contrast to alum, SIS had no effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) or NLRP3, but it appeared to promote both Th1 and Th2 responses under different conditions. |
| 2265 | 22130163 | In 1 study (Mel38), patients received 1 injection with an adjuvant mixture alone, composed of incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) plus granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2266 | 22178528 | In this study, we aimed to design a novel peptide-based self-assembled nanoparticle HPV16 vaccine by combining the cell-penetrating peptide HIV-1 Tat(49-57) that was fused with the HPV16 E7(49-57) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope and the granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene, and to investigate how it improves the immune response and the therapeutic outcome ex vivo and in vivo. |
| 2267 | 22186789 | We performed a phase I trial of FANG vaccine, an autologous tumor-based product incorporating a plasmid encoding granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) and a novel bifunctional short hairpin RNAi (bi-shRNAi) targeting furin convertase, thereby downregulating endogenous immunosuppressive transforming growth factors (TGF) β1 and β2. |
| 2268 | 22301691 | Our data indicated that βGM has a higher ability than S. cerevisiae var. boulardii to inhibit Salmonella-induced proinflammatory mRNA (cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin-1α [IL-1α], IL-6, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF] and chemokines CCL2, CCL20, and CXCL8) and at protein levels (IL-6 and CXCL8). |
| 2269 | 22301691 | Additionally, βGM and S. cerevisiae var. boulardii induced some effects on DCs that were not observed on IECs: βGM and S. cerevisiae var. boulardii showed slight upregulation of mRNA for TNF-α, GM-CSF, and CCR7 receptor on porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 2270 | 22301691 | Indeed, the addition of βGM or S. cerevisiae var. boulardii on DCs cocultured with Salmonella showed higher gene expression (mRNA) for TNF-α, GM-CSF, and CXCL8 compared to that of the control with Salmonella. |
| 2271 | 22326922 | Combined immunotherapy with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-transduced allogeneic prostate cancer cells and ipilimumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial. |
| 2272 | 22327125 | Properties of bcr-abl-transformed mouse 12B1 cells secreting interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: I. |
| 2273 | 22327125 | The highly oncogenic bcr-abl-transformed mouse (Balb/c) 12B1 cells were transfected with plasmids carrying genes for either mouse interleukin-2 (IL‑2) or the mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) and the gene for blasticidine resistance. |
| 2274 | 22327125 | When used in the form of inactivated vaccines, the GM-CSF-secreting cells were more immunogenic than the IL-2-secreting cells. |
| 2275 | 22327125 | Properties of bcr-abl-transformed mouse 12B1 cells secreting interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor: I. |
| 2276 | 22327125 | The highly oncogenic bcr-abl-transformed mouse (Balb/c) 12B1 cells were transfected with plasmids carrying genes for either mouse interleukin-2 (IL‑2) or the mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) and the gene for blasticidine resistance. |
| 2277 | 22327125 | When used in the form of inactivated vaccines, the GM-CSF-secreting cells were more immunogenic than the IL-2-secreting cells. |
| 2278 | 22341782 | A role for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the regulation of CD8(+) T cell responses to rabies virus. |
| 2279 | 22341782 | To this end, we immunized mice with RABV expressing HIV-1 Gag and GM-CSF and analyzed the primary and recall CD8(+) T cell responses. |
| 2280 | 22341782 | Animals treated with GM-CSF neutralizing antibodies restored the CD8(+) T cell response. |
| 2281 | 22341782 | These data define a role of GM-CSF expression, in the regulation of the CD8(+) T cell immune responses against RABV and has implications in the use of GM-CSF as a molecular adjuvant in vaccine development. |
| 2282 | 22370520 | Sipuleucel-T is manufactured by culturing a patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (including antigen presenting cells) with a recombinant protein comprising a tumor-associated antigen (prostatic acid phosphatase) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 2283 | 22387629 | Protection was promoted by plasmids encoding the porcine granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (pcDNA3.1zeo::GM-CSF), the Escherichia coli thermo-labile enterotoxin (LT) subunit A (plasmid PJV2004::LTa) and subunit B (plasmid PJV2005::LTb). |
| 2284 | 22406592 | First, in Abstract #198, toxicity and efficacy results from the phase I/II study of cixutumumab, an insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibody combined with the standard gemcitabine and erlotinib treatment were presented, but the outcomes suggest no real clinical benefit. |
| 2285 | 22406592 | Finally, interesting results which definitely deserve further exploration were presented in Abstract #211, which tested the combination of ipilimumab, an antibody against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with a cell-based vaccine transfected with the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in advanced refractory pancreatic cancer. |
| 2286 | 22446515 | Properties of bcr-abl-transformed mouse 12B1 cells secreting interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF): II. |
| 2287 | 22446515 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is considered to be the most effective immunostimulating factor for the construction of gene-engineered anti-cancer vaccines. |
| 2288 | 22446515 | A cell line, designated 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 producing more than 100 ng/106 cells/24 h, displayed higher pathogenicity than the parental, non-transduced cells. |
| 2289 | 22446515 | Although the tumours induced by the parental 12B1 cells and 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 cells appeared nearly at the same time and then grew at an approximately equal rate, the latter mice were in a much poorer clinical condition. |
| 2290 | 22446515 | In both groups of animals splenomegaly was observed; it was much more pronounced in the case of 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5-inoculated animals. |
| 2291 | 22446515 | When GM-CSF neutralizing antibody was administered to animals inoculated with the 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 cells, the pathological changes observed within the organs were suppressed, this proving that the overproduced GM-CSF and not any other substance, played the key role in their induction. |
| 2292 | 22446515 | Properties of bcr-abl-transformed mouse 12B1 cells secreting interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF): II. |
| 2293 | 22446515 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is considered to be the most effective immunostimulating factor for the construction of gene-engineered anti-cancer vaccines. |
| 2294 | 22446515 | A cell line, designated 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 producing more than 100 ng/106 cells/24 h, displayed higher pathogenicity than the parental, non-transduced cells. |
| 2295 | 22446515 | Although the tumours induced by the parental 12B1 cells and 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 cells appeared nearly at the same time and then grew at an approximately equal rate, the latter mice were in a much poorer clinical condition. |
| 2296 | 22446515 | In both groups of animals splenomegaly was observed; it was much more pronounced in the case of 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5-inoculated animals. |
| 2297 | 22446515 | When GM-CSF neutralizing antibody was administered to animals inoculated with the 12B1/GM-CSF/cl-5 cells, the pathological changes observed within the organs were suppressed, this proving that the overproduced GM-CSF and not any other substance, played the key role in their induction. |
| 2298 | 22493704 | As a potential cytokine adjuvant of DNA vaccines, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has received considerable attention due to its essential role in the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells, differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells. |
| 2299 | 22495394 | Safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with MART-1 (26-35, 27L), gp100 (209-217, 210M), and tyrosinase (368-376, 370D) in adjuvant with PF-3512676 and GM-CSF in metastatic melanoma. |
| 2300 | 22495394 | Our objective was to determine the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination against melanoma-related antigens employing MART-1, gp100, and tysosinase paptides combined with the TLR9 agonist PF-3512676 and local granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor in oil emulsion. |
| 2301 | 22495394 | Our adjuvant regimen combining PF-3512676 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor was safe and is worthy of further testing with these or alternative peptides, potentially in combination with antibodies that target immunoregulatory checkpoints. |
| 2302 | 22495394 | Safety and immunogenicity of vaccination with MART-1 (26-35, 27L), gp100 (209-217, 210M), and tyrosinase (368-376, 370D) in adjuvant with PF-3512676 and GM-CSF in metastatic melanoma. |
| 2303 | 22495394 | Our objective was to determine the safety and immunogenicity of vaccination against melanoma-related antigens employing MART-1, gp100, and tysosinase paptides combined with the TLR9 agonist PF-3512676 and local granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor in oil emulsion. |
| 2304 | 22495394 | Our adjuvant regimen combining PF-3512676 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor was safe and is worthy of further testing with these or alternative peptides, potentially in combination with antibodies that target immunoregulatory checkpoints. |
| 2305 | 22576343 | Sequential immunotherapy by vaccination with GM-CSF-expressing glioma cells and CTLA-4 blockade effectively treats established murine intracranial tumors. |
| 2306 | 22576343 | Antibody-based blockade of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) ligation on T lymphocytes is associated with enhanced antitumor immunity in animal models of cancer and in patients with advanced melanoma. |
| 2307 | 22576343 | We hypothesized that sequential therapy with granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing whole-glioma-cell vaccination and CTLA-4 blockade is an effective strategy for treating established intracranial gliomas. |
| 2308 | 22576343 | Sequential immunotherapy with GM-CSF-expressing irradiated glioma cells and CTLA-4 blockade synergistically prolongs survival in mice bearing established intracranial gliomas. |
| 2309 | 22764521 | [The adjuvant effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in dengue virus and hepatitis C virus DNA vaccines]. |
| 2310 | 22764521 | To investigate the adjuvant effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in Flaviviridae virus DNA vaccines. |
| 2311 | 22764521 | [The adjuvant effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in dengue virus and hepatitis C virus DNA vaccines]. |
| 2312 | 22764521 | To investigate the adjuvant effect of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in Flaviviridae virus DNA vaccines. |
| 2313 | 22860107 | Naïve C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated with ESC along with a source of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in order to provide immunostimulatory adjuvant activity. |
| 2314 | 22860107 | Vaccine efficacy was associated with robust tumor-reactive primary and memory CD8(+) T effector responses, Th1 cytokine response, higher intratumoral CD8(+) T effector/CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T regulatory cell ratio, and reduced myeloid derived suppressor cells in the spleen. |
| 2315 | 22915989 | The purpose of this study is to determine whether DCs are generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNs) by using cytokines such as F1t-3 ligand (FL), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-4, and TNF-α, and whether cytotoxic T cells activated against the thyroid cancer tissues by the DCs. |
| 2316 | 22915989 | DCs were established from PBMNs by culturing in the presence of FL, GM-CSF, IL-4, and TNF-α for 14 days. |
| 2317 | 22915989 | The immunophenotypic features of DCs such as CDla, CD83, and CD86 were analyzed by immunofluorelescence microscopy. |
| 2318 | 22918924 | PROSTVAC(®)-VF, a poxvirus-based vaccine engineered to present prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and three immune costimulatory molecules, and GVAX, a vaccine consisting of two prostate cancer cell lines (LnCAP and PC3) and genetically modified to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), both showed promising results in phase II studies, although GVAX failed to meet its primary end point of overall survival when compared with docetaxel in a phase III study. |
| 2319 | 23059870 | This surgery adjuvant approach combined local suicide gene therapy with a subcutaneous vaccine composed by tumor cells extracts and xenogeneic cells producing human interleukin-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2320 | 23090076 | The cytokines granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin (IL)-4 are frequently used for generating dendritic cells (DCs) for therapeutic vaccination against cancer. |
| 2321 | 23090076 | Although previous studies have identified combinations of toll-like receptor ligands (TLR-Ls) that induce optimal activation of GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs in vitro, the conditions for optimal activation of Flt3L-DCs have not been established. |
| 2322 | 23090076 | Pam3Cys/Poly I:C-treated cDCs also displayed enhanced capacity to present antigen to CD4(+) T cells, and cross-present to CD8(+) T cells, increasing T-cell proliferation in vitro. |
| 2323 | 23090076 | However, the numbers of cDCs required for protection were higher than the numbers of optimally activated GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs required for a similar effect. |
| 2324 | 23090076 | Our results show that combined TLR stimulation can enhance both the phenotypic and functional properties of Flt3L-DCs, but even under conditions of optimal activation these cells are not superior in activity to GM-CSF/IL-4 DCs in vivo. |
| 2325 | 23090079 | Differing patterns of circulating regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in metastatic melanoma patients receiving anti-CTLA4 antibody and interferon-α or TLR-9 agonist and GM-CSF with peptide vaccination. |
| 2326 | 23090079 | The second [toll-like receptor 9 (TLR)/GM] tested vaccination with MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase given with TLR-9 agonist and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and reported 9% response rate, median progression-free survival of 1.9 months, and median overall survival of 13.4 months. |
| 2327 | 23090079 | The CD4(+)CD25hi(+)CD39(+) T-reg percentage was increased most at day 85 (P = 0.018) and less significantly at day 29 (P = 0.09). |
| 2328 | 23090079 | T-reg findings suggest that IFN/treme induced clinically significant antitumor responses by inhibiting CTLA4 suppressive effects on T effectors, and less so by affecting T-reg. |
| 2329 | 23100569 | Adaptive CD4(+) T cells produced granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on restimulation in vitro, and local GM-CSF was critical for vaccine efficacy. |
| 2330 | 23565193 | Chimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with potent intrinsic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) activity. |
| 2331 | 23565193 | Co-stimulatory molecules can increase the immunogenicity of Env and we have engineered a soluble chimeric Env trimer with an embedded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) domain. |
| 2332 | 23565193 | Chimeric HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins with potent intrinsic granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) activity. |
| 2333 | 23565193 | Co-stimulatory molecules can increase the immunogenicity of Env and we have engineered a soluble chimeric Env trimer with an embedded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) domain. |
| 2334 | 23577175 | The pro-inflammatory cytokines tested Interleukin (IL)-6, IL17A, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α did not influence IFN-α responses except TNF-α, which promoted responses induced by FMDV. |
| 2335 | 23577175 | The haematopoietic cytokines Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3-L) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had enhancing effects on pDC activation at least in one of the protocols tested. |
| 2336 | 23577175 | Interestingly, also the Th2 cytokine IL-4 was an efficient promoter of pDC activity, while IL-10 was the only negative regulator of IFN-α in pDC identified. |
| 2337 | 23631767 | Cytokine production from BMDCs treated with the AuNP-Es revealed that only Rod-E-treated cells produced significant levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), indicating that Rod-Es activated inflammasome-dependent cytokine secretion. |
| 2338 | 23631767 | Meanwhile, Sphere40-Es and Cube-Es both significantly induced inflammatory cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-12, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2339 | 23633484 | Dual blockade of PD-1 and CTLA-4 combined with tumor vaccine effectively restores T-cell rejection function in tumors. |
| 2340 | 23633484 | In this study, we document parallel regulation of CD8(+) T cells and Foxp3(+) Tregs by programmed death-1 (PD-1, PDCD1). |
| 2341 | 23633484 | In addition, we identify an additional role of CTL antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitory receptor in further promoting dysfunction of CD8(+) T effector cells in tumor models (CT26 colon carcinoma and ID8-VEGF ovarian carcinoma). |
| 2342 | 23633484 | Two thirds of CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) expressed PD-1, whereas one third to half of CD8(+) TIL coexpressed PD-1 and CTLA-4. |
| 2343 | 23633484 | Double-positive (PD-1(+)CTLA-4(+)) CD8(+) TIL had characteristics of more severe dysfunction than single-positive (PD-1(+) or CTLA-4(+)) TIL, including an inability to proliferate and secrete effector cytokines. |
| 2344 | 23633484 | Blockade of both PD-1 and CTLA-4 resulted in reversal of CD8(+) TIL dysfunction and led to tumor rejection in two thirds of mice. |
| 2345 | 23633484 | Double blockade was associated with increased proliferation of antigen-specific effector CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells, antigen-specific cytokine release, inhibition of suppressive functions of Tregs, and upregulation of key signaling molecules critical for T-cell function. |
| 2346 | 23633484 | When used in combination with GVAX vaccination (consisting of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-expressing irradiated tumor cells), inhibitory pathway blockade induced rejection of CT26 tumors in 100% of mice and ID8-VEGF tumors in 75% of mice. |
| 2347 | 23633484 | Our study indicates that PD-1 signaling in tumors is required for both suppressing effector T cells and maintaining tumor Tregs, and that PD-1/PD-L1 pathway (CD274) blockade augments tumor inhibition by increasing effector T-cell activity, thereby attenuating Treg suppression. |
| 2348 | 23642239 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-armed oncolytic measles virus is an effective therapeutic cancer vaccine. |
| 2349 | 23642239 | In this study, we engineered MV for expression of the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2350 | 23642239 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-armed oncolytic measles virus is an effective therapeutic cancer vaccine. |
| 2351 | 23642239 | In this study, we engineered MV for expression of the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2352 | 23686226 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secreting cellular tumor vaccines contribute to the induction of potent antitumor immune responses in murine models and patients suffering from cancers. |
| 2353 | 23811433 | We found that lentivirus-mediated transduction of cMYC along with BMI1 induced proliferation of CD14(+) monocytes derived from 9 out of 12 blood donors, and we named the monocyte-derived proliferating cells CD14-ML. |
| 2354 | 23811433 | Their proliferation continued for 3-5 weeks in the presence of M-CSF and GM-CSF, resulting in 20-1000-fold amplification. |
| 2355 | 23811433 | We successfully stimulated autologous CD8(+) T cells with CD14-ML-DC pulsed with cytomegalovirus peptide or MART-1 peptide to generate antigen-specific CTL lines. |
| 2356 | 23857555 | The Zn-Ap-HTB and Mg-Ap-HTB adjuvants showed no obvious cytotoxicity and more effectively stimulated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secretion by macrophage-like cells than unprocessed HTB or HTB-loaded TCP (T-Ap-HTB) in vitro. |
| 2357 | 23910466 | In present study, we constructed a multi-adjuvant WCTV based on the nanoparticles modified with cell penetrating peptide, which could facilitate the transportation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) into tumor cells. |
| 2358 | 23928481 | Our previous study established that Poly-ICLC is the most potent individual maturation stimulus for human DCs as assessed by an upregulation of CD83 and CD86, induction of interleukin-12 (IL-12), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), interleukmin 1 (IL-1), and type I interferons (IFN), and minimal interleukin 10 (IL-10) production. |
| 2359 | 23928481 | After incubation, the lymphocytes are washed off and the adherent monocytes are cultured for 5 days in the presence of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to differentiate to immature DCs. |
| 2360 | 23969885 | Comparative antitumor effect among GM-CSF, IL-12 and GM-CSF+IL-12 genetically modified tumor cell vaccines. |
| 2361 | 23969885 | An evaluation is made of the efficacy of both preventive and therapeutic antitumor vaccines against murine melanoma, using C57BL/6 mice and irradiated B16 tumor cells expressing granulocyte and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-12 (IL-12) or both. |
| 2362 | 23969885 | The therapeutic vaccination strategies resulted in significantly delayed tumor growth, mainly using B16 cells producing GM-CSF+IL-12 cytokines, with 70% tumor growth inhibition (P<0.001)-although none of the animals reached overall survival. |
| 2363 | 23969885 | The results obtained suggest that the GM-CSF+IL-12 combination only increases the efficacy of therapeutic vaccines. |
| 2364 | 24085111 | DCs were generated with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL‑4) from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. |
| 2365 | 24121517 | As expected, the use of the immune modulators fetal liver tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor positively enhanced the immune response against MRP4. |
| 2366 | 24124877 | Recently, the interim analysis of a large multicenter Phase III clinical trial for Talimogene laherparepvec, a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor-armed oncolytic herpes simplex virus, revealed significant improvement in objective response and durable response rates over control arm and a trend toward improved overall survival. |
| 2367 | 24408016 | Recombinant adenoviral vector expressing human wild-type p53, GM-CSF, and B7-1 genes suppresses the growth of glioma in vivo. |
| 2368 | 24408016 | Evidence have shown that a recombinant adenoviral vector expressing human wild-type p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and B7-1 genes (BB-102) may have antitumor effects in vitro. |
| 2369 | 24408016 | Immunohistochemical analysis showed that mutant p53 was not expressed in tumor tissues of mice with BB-102 vaccination, and the expression level of Ki67 was significantly lower in the tumor tissues of the BB-102 group than those in the Ad-GFP group or the control group. |
| 2370 | 24408016 | Further study demonstrated that mice with BB-102 vaccination had significantly increased total T cell numbers, total T cell proportion, CD4+ T cell proportion, and CD8+ T cell proportion in spleens, as well as higher value of IgG, IgA, and IgE in sera. |
| 2371 | 24408016 | These data suggest that the recombinant adenoviral vector expressing human wild-type p53, GM-CSF, and B7-1 genes could suppress glioma in NOD/SCID mice model and might be considered as a novel strategy for glioma therapy. |
| 2372 | 24453125 | Interleukin 15, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 signaling pathways were also significant. |
| 2373 | 24480625 | Three-dimensional, porous polymer matrices loaded with tumor lysates and presenting distinct combinations of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and various Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists affected 70% to 90% prophylactic tumor protection in B16-F10 melanoma models. |
| 2374 | 24480625 | Regression analysis revealed that the numbers of vaccine-resident CD8(+) DCs, plasmacytoid DCs (pDC), along with local interleukin (IL)-12, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentrations correlated strongly to vaccine efficacy regardless of adjuvant type. |
| 2375 | 24480625 | Furthermore, vaccine studies in Batf3(-/-) mice revealed that CD8(+) DCs are required to affect tumor protection, as vaccines in these mice were deficient in cytotoxic T lymphocytes priming and IL-12 induction in comparison with wild-type. |
| 2376 | 24480625 | Specifically, these results suggest that CD8(+) DCs, pDCs, IL-12, and G-CSF play important roles in priming effective antitumor responses with these vaccines. |
| 2377 | 24516138 | Synthesis of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as homogeneous glycoforms and early comparisons with yeast cell-derived material. |
| 2378 | 24516138 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a medicinally important glycoprotein, used as an immunostimulant following bone-marrow transplant. |
| 2379 | 24516138 | Synthesis of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as homogeneous glycoforms and early comparisons with yeast cell-derived material. |
| 2380 | 24516138 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a medicinally important glycoprotein, used as an immunostimulant following bone-marrow transplant. |
| 2381 | 24531404 | Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGMCSF) is a proinflammatory cytokine and hematopoietic growth factor. |
| 2382 | 24531404 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGMCSF) serves as a biotherapeutic agent in bone marrow stimulations, vaccine development, gene therapy approaches, and stem cell mobilization. |
| 2383 | 24531404 | Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGMCSF) is a proinflammatory cytokine and hematopoietic growth factor. |
| 2384 | 24531404 | Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGMCSF) serves as a biotherapeutic agent in bone marrow stimulations, vaccine development, gene therapy approaches, and stem cell mobilization. |
| 2385 | 24568545 | Importantly, a single dose of Ad-H, with or without the addition of Ad expressing ovine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and/or ovine interleukin-2, not only induced strong antibody and cell-mediated immunity but also completely protected goats against challenge with virulent PPRV, 4 months after vaccination. |
| 2386 | 24572790 | In vivo depletion of specific immune cell types (CD8(+) T, CD4(+) T and Natural killer (NK)-1.1(+) cells) effectively blocked the protective effect of this combinational vaccine. |
| 2387 | 24572790 | Considerably increased levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were detected with the combination vaccine group compared with other individual treatment groups. |
| 2388 | 24608380 | The expression of the fusion tumor antigen (survivin and hCGβ-CTP37) and adjuvant molecular protein (Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/ GM-CSF/B7.1) genes was confirmed by Immunofluorescence assay in vitro, and immunohistochemistry assay in vivo. |
| 2389 | 24608380 | The results showed that this DNA vaccine induced both humoral and cellular immune responses in C57BL/6 mice after immunization, as evaluated by the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells and the release of IFN-γ. |
| 2390 | 24619671 | The DC-stimulating or DC-targeting proteins, including granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), anti-DEC-205 monoclonal antibodies, flagellin, and heat shock proteins (HSP), function as promising intermolecular adjuvants. |
| 2391 | 24649223 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained by leukapheresis were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-4, OK-432 and prostaglandin E2 to generate DCs, which were pulsed with autologous tumor lysates or tumor-specific peptides, such as WT1. |
| 2392 | 24713322 | In some cases (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin 22 [IL-22], and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF]), liver cells exhibited even higher relative gene expression, whereas fewer genes exhibited differential expression in lung cells. |
| 2393 | 24764576 | Recent clinical trials with a variety of OVs, especially those expressing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), have demonstrated efficacy and induction of antitumor immune responses in the absence of significant toxicity. |
| 2394 | 24768453 | A third group (n=5) was vaccinated with CFE from the three strains formulated with Emulsigen-D and also containing recombinant bovine granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor while, a control group (n=5) was not vaccinated. |
| 2395 | 24778317 | Here, we report that the growth of B16 melanoma is substantially delayed in these Qa-1-mutant mice after therapeutic immunization with B16 melanoma cells engineered to express granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor compared with Qa-1 B6-WT controls. |
| 2396 | 24788575 | The management of high-risk melanoma has historically included primary surgical resection with or without lymphadenectomy followed by an array of adjuvant options including radiation therapy or immunomodulatory therapies such as interferon-α, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and a multitude of vaccines. |
| 2397 | 24788575 | While the role of vaccines in the adjuvant setting of high-risk melanoma presently remains unclear, recent advances in immunotherapy for melanoma including development of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated meaningful clinical responses. |
| 2398 | 24807710 | The expansion of the CD8α(-) subpopulation of DCs through injection of WT mice with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) DNA reduced the amount of latency and PD-1 expression in the TG of infected mice. |
| 2399 | 24830413 | Vaccination with irradiated granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-transduced autologous tumor cells (GVAX) has been shown to induce therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 2400 | 24830413 | Indeed, mouse experiments demonstrated that the effective induction of GM-CSF-induced antitumor immunity observed in immunocompetent mice treated with LLC/SeV/GM cells was significantly attenuated when pDC-depleted or IFNα receptor knockout (IFNAR(-/-)) mice were used. |
| 2401 | 24830413 | Mechanistically, mice treated with the combined vaccination displayed increased expression levels of CD86, CD9, and Siglec-H, which correlate with an antitumor phenotype, in pDCs, but decreased the ratio of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells in TDLNs. |
| 2402 | 24830413 | Collectively, these findings indicate that the additional use of imiquimod to activate pDCs with type I IFN production, as a positive regulator of T-cell priming, could enhance the immunologic antitumor effects of GVAX therapy, shedding promising light on the understanding and treatment of GM-CSF-based cancer immunotherapy. |
| 2403 | 24874290 | The granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor surface modified MB49 bladder cancer stem cells vaccine against metastatic bladder cancer. |
| 2404 | 24874290 | MCSCs possessed higher expression of CD133, CD44, OCT4, NANOG, and ABCG2, the ability of differentiation, higher proliferative abilities, lower susceptibility to chemotherapy, greater migration in vitro, and stronger tumorigenic abilities in vivo. |
| 2405 | 24874290 | Then streptavidin-mouse granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (SA-mGM-CSF) MCSCs vaccine was prepared. |
| 2406 | 24874290 | The level of immunoglobulin G and the ratio of dendritic cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were highest in the experimental group when compared to those in other four control groups, as well as for the cytotoxicity assay. |
| 2407 | 24874290 | The granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor surface modified MB49 bladder cancer stem cells vaccine against metastatic bladder cancer. |
| 2408 | 24874290 | MCSCs possessed higher expression of CD133, CD44, OCT4, NANOG, and ABCG2, the ability of differentiation, higher proliferative abilities, lower susceptibility to chemotherapy, greater migration in vitro, and stronger tumorigenic abilities in vivo. |
| 2409 | 24874290 | Then streptavidin-mouse granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (SA-mGM-CSF) MCSCs vaccine was prepared. |
| 2410 | 24874290 | The level of immunoglobulin G and the ratio of dendritic cells and CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were highest in the experimental group when compared to those in other four control groups, as well as for the cytotoxicity assay. |
| 2411 | 24896623 | The NeuVax™ (Galena, OR, USA) vaccine, nelipepimut-S plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, is designed for the prevention of clinical recurrences in high risk, disease-free breast cancer patients. |
| 2412 | 24938743 | Here, we identified a stromal cell (SC) population in the intestinal lamina propria (LP), which is capable of inducing RA production in DCs in a RA- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent fashion. |
| 2413 | 24942756 | We designed a neoadjuvant and adjuvant clinical trial comparing an irradiated, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting, allogeneic PDAC vaccine (GVAX) given as a single agent or in combination with low-dose cyclophosphamide to deplete regulatory T cells (Treg) as a means to study how the TME is altered by immunotherapy. |
| 2414 | 24943235 | A safety and feasibility study of an allogeneic colon cancer cell vaccine administered with a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor-producing bystander cell line in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. |
| 2415 | 24968881 | We carried out a phase I trial of a novel autologous whole-cell tumor cell immunotherapy (FANG™), which incorporates a dual granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) expressive/bifunctional small hairpin RNA interference (bi-shRNAi) vector. |
| 2416 | 24971166 | Current status of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the immunotherapy of melanoma. |
| 2417 | 24971166 | The hematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has a variety of effects on the immune system including activation of T cells and maturation of dendritic cells, as well as an ability to promote humoral and cell-mediated responses. |
| 2418 | 24971166 | Current status of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the immunotherapy of melanoma. |
| 2419 | 24971166 | The hematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has a variety of effects on the immune system including activation of T cells and maturation of dendritic cells, as well as an ability to promote humoral and cell-mediated responses. |
| 2420 | 24973616 | In an aggressive B16-F10 murine melanoma model, we evaluated the effectiveness and antitumor mechanisms triggered by a surgery adjuvant treatment that combined a local suicide gene therapy (SG) with a subcutaneous genetic vaccine (Vx) composed of B16-F10 cell extracts and lipoplexes carrying the genes of human interleukin-2 and murine granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor. |
| 2421 | 25010690 | We recently developed a systems biological approach to vaccine safety evaluation where identification of specific biomarkers in a rat pre-clinical study evaluated the safety of vaccines for pandemic H5N1 influenza including Irf7, Lgals9, Lgalsbp3, Cxcl11, Timp1, Tap2, Psmb9, Psme1, Tapbp, C2, Csf1, Mx2, Zbp1, Ifrd1, Trafd1, Cxcl9, β2m, Npc1, Ngfr and Ifi47. |
| 2422 | 25010690 | Despite a slight decrease in body weight caused by HAv from manufacturer B that was not statistically significant, our results suggest that HAv from manufacturer B is significantly different than the other HAvs tested with regard to Lgals3bp, Tapbp, Lgals9, Irf7 and C2 gene expression in rat lungs. |
| 2423 | 25013909 | Intraperitoneal administration of a tumor-associated antigen SART3, CD40L, and GM-CSF gene-loaded polyplex micelle elicits a vaccine effect in mouse tumor models. |
| 2424 | 25013909 | Here, we investigated a polyplex micelle encapsulating genes encoding the tumor-associated antigen squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T cells-3 (SART3), adjuvant CD40L, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as a DNA vaccine platform in mouse tumor models with different types of major histocompatibility antigen complex (MHC). |
| 2425 | 25013909 | The DNA vaccine highly stimulated both cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell activities, and increased the infiltration of CD11c+ DCs and CD4+/CD8a+ T cells into tumors. |
| 2426 | 25013909 | Depletion of CD4+ or CD8a+ T cells by neutralizing antibodies deteriorated the anti-tumor efficacy of the DNA vaccine. |
| 2427 | 25013909 | In conclusion, a SART3/CD40L+GM-CSF gene-loaded polyplex micelle can be applied as a novel vaccine platform to elicit tumor rejection immunity regardless of the recipient MHC haplotype. |
| 2428 | 25060667 | Immunization of mice with HA0S within TI-complexes comprising different MGDGs resulted in an approximately 2-fold increase of the levels of anti-HA0S antibodies and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) compared with those induced by HA0S alone. |
| 2429 | 25075718 | AJS75 induced or up-regulated the protein expression of 12 cytokines (IL-12p40, IL-12p40/p70, IFN-γ, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, sTNFR I, sTNFR III, IL-3 and IL-9) and 10 chemokines (Eotaxin, I-TAC, MIG, MIP-1α, RANTES, TECK, Fracatlkine, FasL, M-CSF and GM-CSF) in the injected muscles. |
| 2430 | 25116755 | A feasibility study of cyclophosphamide, trastuzumab, and an allogeneic GM-CSF-secreting breast tumor vaccine for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. |
| 2431 | 25116755 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting tumor vaccines are bioactive, but limited by disease burden and immune tolerance. |
| 2432 | 25116755 | Adding both cyclophosphamide and the HER2-specific mAb 7.16.4 to vaccination maximized HER2-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity and tumor-free survival in neu transgenic mice. |
| 2433 | 25116755 | We, therefore, conducted a single-arm feasibility study of cyclophosphamide, an allogeneic HER2+ GM-CSF-secreting breast tumor vaccine, and weekly trastuzumab in 20 patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. |
| 2434 | 25116755 | Polyfunctional HER2-specific CD8+ T cells progressively expanded across vaccination cycles. |
| 2435 | 25128840 | As a cytokine adjuvant, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been demonstrated to play central roles in the enhancement of the immune response and protection elicited by experimental vaccines. |
| 2436 | 25186601 | Rindopepimut consists of a 14-mer peptide that spans the length of EGF receptor variant III, a mutant variant of EGF receptor found on approximately 30% of primary GBM, conjugated to the carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin. |
| 2437 | 25186601 | Vaccination with rindopepimut has been shown to specifically eliminate cells expressing EGF receptor variant III. |
| 2438 | 25186601 | Phase II clinical trials have suggested that vaccination of newly diagnosed GBM patients with rindopepimut plus adjuvant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor results in prolonged progression-free and overall survival with minimal toxicity. |
| 2439 | 25207465 | First, a significant number of DCs are recruited to an injectable thermosensitive mPEG-PLGA hydrogel through sustained release of chemoattractants, in particular, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 2440 | 25293773 | Fourteen patients with untreated or relapsed stage III/IV FL were included and received local radiotherapy to solitary lymphoma nodes and intranodal injections of low-dose rituximab (5 mg), immature autologous dendritic cells, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor at the same site. |
| 2441 | 25308358 | Th1-type cytokines including IL-1, IL-2, IL-12 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor are potent stimulators of Th1 differentiation and Th1-based antitumor response. |
| 2442 | 25343523 | Murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed from a bicistronic simian immunodeficiency virus-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector does not enhance T-cell responses in mice. |
| 2443 | 25343523 | As a prelude to immunization studies in nonhuman primates, we compared in mice the immunogenicity of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-based integrase (IN)-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) encoding the model antigen-enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) in the presence or absence of the murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) expressed from an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) sequence. |
| 2444 | 25343523 | Results indicated that the mGM-CSF was unable to improve the magnitude and quality of the immune response against the eGFP transgene in the context of the SIV-based IDLV, as evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and by intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). |
| 2445 | 25343523 | Murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expressed from a bicistronic simian immunodeficiency virus-based integrase-defective lentiviral vector does not enhance T-cell responses in mice. |
| 2446 | 25343523 | As a prelude to immunization studies in nonhuman primates, we compared in mice the immunogenicity of a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-based integrase (IN)-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) encoding the model antigen-enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) in the presence or absence of the murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGM-CSF) expressed from an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) sequence. |
| 2447 | 25343523 | Results indicated that the mGM-CSF was unable to improve the magnitude and quality of the immune response against the eGFP transgene in the context of the SIV-based IDLV, as evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays for interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and by intracellular cytokine staining for IFN-γ, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). |
| 2448 | 25415283 | PD-1/PD-L1 blockade together with vaccine therapy facilitates effector T-cell infiltration into pancreatic tumors. |
| 2449 | 25415283 | However, single-agent checkpoint inhibitors including agents that alter immune suppressive signals in other human cancers such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed death 1 (PD-1), and its ligand PD-L1, have failed to demonstrate objective responses when given as single agents to PDA patients. |
| 2450 | 25415283 | In this study, we evaluated blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. |
| 2451 | 25415283 | We found that PD-L1 is weakly expressed at a low frequency in untreated human and murine PDAs but treatment with a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor secreting PDA vaccine (GVAX) significantly upregulates PD-L1 membranous expression after treatment of tumor-bearing mice. |
| 2452 | 25415283 | Furthermore, PD-1 blockade increased effector CD8 T lymphocytes and tumor-specific interferon-γ production of CD8 T cells in the tumor microenvironment. |
| 2453 | 25415283 | Immunosuppressive pathways, including regulatory T cells and CTLA-4 expression on T cells were overcome by the addition of vaccine and low-dose cyclophosphamide to PD-1 blockade. |
| 2454 | 25415283 | Collectively, our study supports combining PD-1 or PD-L1 antibody therapy with a T cell inducing agent for PDA treatment. |
| 2455 | 25481267 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was administered during radiotherapy to a metastatic site in patients with metastatic solid tumors to translate evidence obtained in a murine model of syngeneic mammary carcinoma treated with cytokine FLT-3L and radiation. |
| 2456 | 25487886 | Enhanced Th1-biased immune efficacy of porcine circovirus type 2 Cap-protein-based subunit vaccine when coadministered with recombinant porcine IL-2 or GM-CSF in mice. |
| 2457 | 25487886 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), used as immune adjuvants, have been shown to enhance the immunogenicity of certain antigens or vaccines in various experimental models. |
| 2458 | 25487886 | Furthermore, the PCV2-Cap + PoIL-2, Cap-PoGM-CSF, and PCV2-Cap + PoGM-CSF vaccines elicited stronger lymphocyte proliferative responses and greater IL-2 and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) secretion. |
| 2459 | 25496030 | This phase I/II study assessed the safety, immunity and clinical response to 6 or 12 bi-weekly intradermal ImMucin vaccines, co-administered with human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to 15 MUC1-positive multiple myeloma (MM) patients, with residual or biochemically progressive disease following autologous stem cell transplantation. |
| 2460 | 25496030 | ImMucin vaccination induced a robust increase in γ-interferon (IFN-γ-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells (≤80-fold), a pronounced population of ImMucin multimer CD8+ T-cells (>2%), a 9·4-fold increase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells proliferation and 6·8-fold increase in anti-ImMucin antibodies, accompanied with T-cell and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. |
| 2461 | 25500571 | DNA-protein immunization using Leishmania peroxidoxin-1 induces a strong CD4+ T cell response and partially protects mice from cutaneous leishmaniasis: role of fusion murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor DNA adjuvant. |
| 2462 | 25520147 | The CD4 T cell cytokine response (IFN-γ, interleukin-2 [IL-2], interleukin-17A [IL-17A], interleukin-22 [IL-22], granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) and surface marker expression (CD27, CXCR3, and CD154) were then measured. |
| 2463 | 25520147 | We found that the proportion of PPD-specific CD4 T cells, defined as CD154(+) TNF-α(+) cells that were negative for CD27 and positive for GM-CSF, gave the strongest discrimination between subjects with latent and those with active TB (area under the receiver operator characteristic [ROC] curve of 0.9277; P < 0.0001). |
| 2464 | 25520147 | Also, the proportions and absolute numbers of HBHA-specific CD4 T cells were significantly higher in those with latent TB infection, particularly CD154(+) TNF-α(+) IFN-γ(+) IL-2(+) and CD154(+) TNF-α(+) CXCR3(+). |
| 2465 | 25523015 | Within these TAAs are peptide sequences that bind major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules recognized by T cells triggering antigen-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell and CD4+ T-helper cell responses. |
| 2466 | 25523015 | The majority of vaccine trials have used peptides, including single-peptide and multiple-peptide formulations using either MHC class I and class II epitopes in oil-based emulsions alone or in combination with an adjuvant, such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and Toll-like receptor agonists. |
| 2467 | 25550942 | The results showed that the percentage of CD3(+) CD56(+) CIK cells after treatment increased significantly while the percentage of CD4(+) CD25(+) Treg cells decreased (P < 0.05). |
| 2468 | 25550942 | We then studied and identified the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of the vaccines by analyzing a series of cytokines that are commonly involved in tumor progression and ascitic development including granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor-β (TGF-β), Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). |
| 2469 | 25632844 | The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) previously approved the therapeutic vaccine, sipuleucel-T, which is composed of autologous antigen-presenting cells cultured with a fusion protein [prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF)]. |
| 2470 | 25632844 | Using a super gene expression (SGE) system that we previously established to amplify the production of a recombinant protein, significant amounts of PAP-fused cytokines [human GMCSF, interleukin-2 (IL2), IL4, IL7 and mouse GMCSF and IL4] were obtained. |
| 2471 | 25632844 | We also investigated the in vivo therapeutic effects of multiple PAP-fused cytokines in a mouse prostate cancer model bearing prostate-specific antigen (PSA)- and PAP-expressing tumors. |
| 2472 | 25632844 | The simultaneous intraperitoneal administration of PAP-GMCSF, -IL2, -IL4 and -IL7 significantly prevented tumor induction and inhibited the tumor growth in the PAP-expressing tumors, yet not in the PSA-expressing tumors. |
| 2473 | 25691328 | Galectin-3 Shapes Antitumor Immune Responses by Suppressing CD8+ T Cells via LAG-3 and Inhibiting Expansion of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. |
| 2474 | 25691328 | We found that patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) who responded to a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-secreting allogeneic PDA vaccine developed neutralizing antibodies to galectin-3 after immunization. |
| 2475 | 25691328 | We show that galectin-3 binds activated antigen-committed CD8(+) T cells only in the tumor microenvironment. |
| 2476 | 25691328 | Galectin-3-deficient mice exhibit improved CD8(+) T-cell effector function and increased expression of several inflammatory genes. |
| 2477 | 25691328 | Galectin-3 binds to LAG-3, and LAG-3 expression is necessary for galectin-3-mediated suppression of CD8(+) T cells in vitro. |
| 2478 | 25691328 | Lastly, galectin-3-deficient mice have elevated levels of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which are superior to conventional dendritic cells in activating CD8(+) T cells. |
| 2479 | 25691328 | Thus, inhibiting galectin-3 in conjunction with CD8(+) T-cell-directed immunotherapies should enhance the tumor-specific immune response. |
| 2480 | 25701675 | Local administration of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces local accumulation of dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and enhances dendritic cell cross-presentation. |
| 2481 | 25701675 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) has been reported to posses the ability to induce migration of antigen presentation cells and CD8+ T cells. |
| 2482 | 25701675 | Therefore, in the current study, we employ a combination of systemic therapeutic HPV DNA vaccination with local GMCSF application in the TC-1 tumor model. |
| 2483 | 25701675 | We show that intramuscular vaccination with CRT/E7 DNA followed by GMCSF intravaginal administration effectively controls cervicovaginal TC-1 tumors in mice. |
| 2484 | 25701675 | Local administration of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor induces local accumulation of dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD8+ T cells and enhances dendritic cell cross-presentation. |
| 2485 | 25701675 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) has been reported to posses the ability to induce migration of antigen presentation cells and CD8+ T cells. |
| 2486 | 25701675 | Therefore, in the current study, we employ a combination of systemic therapeutic HPV DNA vaccination with local GMCSF application in the TC-1 tumor model. |
| 2487 | 25701675 | We show that intramuscular vaccination with CRT/E7 DNA followed by GMCSF intravaginal administration effectively controls cervicovaginal TC-1 tumors in mice. |
| 2488 | 25738258 | Immune-enhancing effect of nano-DNA vaccine encoding a gene of the prME protein of Japanese encephalitis virus and BALB/c mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2489 | 25738258 | Plasmid-encoded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) is an adjuvant for genetic vaccines; however, how GM-CSF enhances immunogenicity remains to be elucidated. |
| 2490 | 25738258 | These findings suggested that the immune-enhancing effect by pJME/GM-CSF was associated with infiltrate size and the appearance of integrin αx (CD11c)+cells. |
| 2491 | 25738258 | Immune-enhancing effect of nano-DNA vaccine encoding a gene of the prME protein of Japanese encephalitis virus and BALB/c mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2492 | 25738258 | Plasmid-encoded granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM‑CSF) is an adjuvant for genetic vaccines; however, how GM-CSF enhances immunogenicity remains to be elucidated. |
| 2493 | 25738258 | These findings suggested that the immune-enhancing effect by pJME/GM-CSF was associated with infiltrate size and the appearance of integrin αx (CD11c)+cells. |
| 2494 | 25752855 | Vaccinating mice with GPI-granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-incorporated-VLPs induced stronger antibody responses and better protection against a heterologous influenza virus challenge than unmodified VLPs. |
| 2495 | 25762364 | As a surgery adjuvant approach, it comprised the co-injection of lipoplexes bearing herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and canine interferon-β genes at the time of surgery, combined with the periodic administration of a subcutaneous genetic vaccine composed of tumor extracts and lipoplexes carrying the genes of human interleukin-2 and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. |
| 2496 | 25768031 | To develop a more effective and safe vaccine against rabies, we have constructed a chimeric rabies virus-like particle (VLP), which containing glycoprotein (G) and matrix protein (M) of rabies virus (RABV) Evelyn-Rokitnicki-Abelseth (ERA) strain, and membrane-anchored granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and it was named of EVLP-G. |
| 2497 | 25768031 | The EVLP-G also elicited significantly more IFN-γ- or IL-4-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T cells than the sRVLP. |
| 2498 | 25805798 | Biologic Activity of Autologous, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Secreting Alveolar Soft-Part Sarcoma and Clear Cell Sarcoma Vaccines. |
| 2499 | 25877890 | Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a cytosolic receptor that senses both exogenous and endogenous cytosolic cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), activating TBK1/IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor 3), NF-κB (nuclear factor κB), and STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) signaling pathways to induce robust type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokine responses. |
| 2500 | 25877890 | CDN ligands were formulated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing cellular cancer vaccines--termed STINGVAX--that demonstrated potent in vivo antitumor efficacy in multiple therapeutic models of established cancer. |
| 2501 | 25877890 | Tumors from STINGVAX-treated mice demonstrated marked PD-L1 (programmed death ligand 1) up-regulation, which was associated with tumor-infiltrating CD8(+)IFNγ(+) T cells. |
| 2502 | 25965393 | Monocytes were directly induced to self-differentiate into DCs (SmartDC-TRP2) upon transduction with a tricistronic LV encoding for cytokines (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)) and a melanoma antigen (tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2)). |
| 2503 | 26066485 | Innate response activator (IRA) B cells have been described in mice as a subset of B-1a B cells that produce granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and have been found in the spleen upon activation. |
| 2504 | 26095785 | Local radiotherapy and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to generate abscopal responses in patients with metastatic solid tumours: a proof-of-principle trial. |
| 2505 | 26099574 | Both clones showed a specific production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) after in vitro spleen cells stimulation, and they were able to induce a partial protection against infection. |
| 2506 | 26099574 | Protection was associated with an IL-12-dependent production of IFN-γ, mediated mainly by CD8(+) T cells, against parasite proteins. |
| 2507 | 26099574 | Protected mice also presented low levels of IL-4 and IL-10, as well as increased levels of parasite-specific IgG2a antibodies. |
| 2508 | 26104380 | To date, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) combined with interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) has been a classic culture combination to DCs. |
| 2509 | 26104380 | What's more, we conclude that IFN-λ1 combined with GM-CSF and IL-4 can induce DCs maturation, which could become a possibility to be applied to the autologus dendritic cell vaccine to treat chronic hepatitis B. |
| 2510 | 26140248 | She was treated in a Phase I study with a granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF)-expressing oncolytic adenovirus, Ad5/3-D24-GMCSF (ONCOS-102). |
| 2511 | 26143474 | Moreover, the expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was significantly higher in mice immunized with nrAd5-BD06-G, which might also contribute to the increased protection. |
| 2512 | 26166767 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is known to be a potential vaccine adjuvant despite contradictory results from animal and human studies. |
| 2513 | 26186692 | Development of Membrane-Bound GM-CSF and IL-18 as an Effective Tumor Vaccine. |
| 2514 | 26186692 | In this study, we expressed membrane-bound granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as adjuvants in tumor cells to stimulate immune response. |
| 2515 | 26186692 | B7 transmembrane domain fused GM-CSF and IL-18 was successfully expressed in the cell membrane and stimulated mouse splenocyte proliferation. |
| 2516 | 26186692 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IL-18 reduced tumorigenesis (P<0.05) and enhanced tumor protective efficacy (P<0.05) significantly in comparison with GM-CSF alone. |
| 2517 | 26279095 | To address this hurdle, we developed a vaccine based-approach comprised of two synthetic controlled-release biomaterials, poly(lactide-co-glycolide; PLGA) microparticles (MPs) encapsulating denatured insulin (key self-antigen in type 1 diabetes; T1D), and PuraMatrix(TM) peptide hydrogel containing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CpG ODN1826 (CpG), which were included as vaccine adjuvants to recruit and activate immune cells. |
| 2518 | 26279095 | Three subcutaneous administrations of this hydrogel (GM-CSF/CpG)/insulin-MP vaccine protected 40% of NOD mice from T1D. |
| 2519 | 26300317 | Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), an efficacious adjuvant, has been shown to enhance the immunogenicity of various vaccines. |
| 2520 | 26300317 | With regard to cell-mediated immunity assessed in peripheral blood, the recombinant virus induced higher proportion of CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive T cells (DPT), higher IFN-γ level at 0 and 7 days post-challenge (DPC), and lower viremia at 21 DPC than pigs immunized with parental virus. |
| 2521 | 26372923 | We identified CD3(-)CD20(-)HLA-DR(-)CD14(+)CD33(+)CD11b(+) cells in peripheral blood of healthy rhesus macaques. |
| 2522 | 26372923 | Administration of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF) and granulocyte CSF increased their incidence to 5.3% ± 3.4%. |
| 2523 | 26372923 | Freshly isolated or cryopreserved MDSCs from mobilized monkeys incorporated in cultures of anti-CD3- and anti-CD28-stimulated autologous T cells markedly suppressed CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion (interferon γ, IL-17A). |
| 2524 | 26372923 | Moreover, these MDSCs enhanced CD4(+)CD25(hi)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) expansion while inhibiting proliferation of activated memory T cells and increasing Treg relative to effector and terminally differentiated memory T cells. |
| 2525 | 26372923 | Inhibition of arginase-1, but not inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, partially reversed the inhibitory effect of the MDSCs on CD8(+) T cell proliferation. |
| 2526 | 26474318 | These gels are also adapted to control the release of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), a potent inducer of DC recruitment and proliferation. |