Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CXCL2

Gene name: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2

HGNC ID: 4603

Synonyms: SCYB2, GROb, MIP-2a, MGSA-b, CINC-2a

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ADARB1	1 hits
2	C5AR1	1 hits
3	CCL11	1 hits
4	CCL2	1 hits
5	CCL3	1 hits
6	CCL4	1 hits
7	CCL5	1 hits
8	CCL7	1 hits
9	CCR1	1 hits
10	CCR2	1 hits
11	CCR5	1 hits
12	CCR7	1 hits
13	CD4	1 hits
14	CD40	1 hits
15	CD80	1 hits
16	CD83	1 hits
17	CD86	1 hits
18	CSF1	1 hits
19	CSF2	1 hits
20	CSF3	1 hits
21	CXCL1	1 hits
22	CXCL10	1 hits
23	CXCL3	1 hits
24	CXCR4	1 hits
25	DBH	1 hits
26	FASLG	1 hits
27	FCGR2C	1 hits
28	FTH1	1 hits
29	HLA-A	1 hits
30	ICAM1	1 hits
31	IER3	1 hits
32	IFNG	1 hits
33	IGF1	1 hits
34	IL10	1 hits
35	IL12A	1 hits
36	IL13	1 hits
37	IL17A	1 hits
38	IL17F	1 hits
39	IL1A	1 hits
40	IL1B	1 hits
41	IL1R1	1 hits
42	IL4	1 hits
43	IL5	1 hits
44	IL6	1 hits
45	IL8	1 hits
46	IL8RB	1 hits
47	ITGAM	1 hits
48	LILRB4	1 hits
49	LTA	1 hits
50	NLRP3	1 hits
51	NOS2A	1 hits
52	PDE4B	1 hits
53	PTGS2	1 hits
54	SPP1	1 hits
55	TNF	1 hits
56	TNFAIP3	1 hits
57	TNPO1	1 hits
58	TRPV1	1 hits
59	VCAM1	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	11024132	Infection with either EHV-1 strain resulted in the accumulation of similar numbers and ratios of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid.
2	11024132	RNase protection analysis of RNA isolated from the BAL fluid of RacL11-infected mice on day 3 postinfection revealed much higher levels of RNA specific for macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and MIP-2 than were observed for KyA-infected mice.
3	11134269	The CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) biased the immunity to the Th2-type pattern as judged by the ratio of immunoglobulin isotypes and interleukin-4 cytokine levels produced by CD4(+) T cells.
4	11134269	The CXC chemokine MIP-2 and the CC chemokine MIP-1alpha, however, mounted immune responses of the Th1-type pattern, and such a response rendered recipients more resistant to HSV vaginal infection.
5	11134269	In addition, MIP-1alpha appeared to act via the upregulation of antigen-presenting cell (APC) function and the expression of costimulatory molecules (B7-1 and B7-2), whereas MIP-2 enhanced Th1-type CD4(+) T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity by increasing gamma interferon secretion from activated NK cells.
6	11134269	The CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) biased the immunity to the Th2-type pattern as judged by the ratio of immunoglobulin isotypes and interleukin-4 cytokine levels produced by CD4(+) T cells.
7	11134269	The CXC chemokine MIP-2 and the CC chemokine MIP-1alpha, however, mounted immune responses of the Th1-type pattern, and such a response rendered recipients more resistant to HSV vaginal infection.
8	11134269	In addition, MIP-1alpha appeared to act via the upregulation of antigen-presenting cell (APC) function and the expression of costimulatory molecules (B7-1 and B7-2), whereas MIP-2 enhanced Th1-type CD4(+) T-cell-mediated adaptive immunity by increasing gamma interferon secretion from activated NK cells.
9	11477558	Our data showed that phagocytosis of apoptotic/necrotic tumor cells resulted in maturation of DCs with up-regulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor], chemokines (MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and MIP-2), the CC chemokine receptor CCR7 and the cell surface molecules (MHC class II, CD11b, CD40 and CD86), and down-regulated expression of the CC chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5.
10	11711632	At the molecular level, FI-RSV priming was characterized by a rapid and strong up-regulation of eotaxin and monocyte chemotactic protein 3 (MCP-3) relative gene expression (potent lymphocyte and eosinophil chemoattractants) that was sustained through late time points, early but intermittent up-regulation of GRO/melanoma growth stimulatory activity gene and inducible protein 10 gene expression, while macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and especially MCP-1 were up-regulated only at late time points.
11	11711632	By comparison, primary RSV infection or BBG2Na priming resulted in considerably lower eotaxin and MCP-3 gene expression increases postchallenge, while expression of lymphocyte or monocyte chemoattractant chemokine genes (MIP-1beta, MCP-1, and MIP-2) were of higher magnitude and kinetics at early, but not late, time points.
12	11711632	At the molecular level, FI-RSV priming was characterized by a rapid and strong up-regulation of eotaxin and monocyte chemotactic protein 3 (MCP-3) relative gene expression (potent lymphocyte and eosinophil chemoattractants) that was sustained through late time points, early but intermittent up-regulation of GRO/melanoma growth stimulatory activity gene and inducible protein 10 gene expression, while macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and especially MCP-1 were up-regulated only at late time points.
13	11711632	By comparison, primary RSV infection or BBG2Na priming resulted in considerably lower eotaxin and MCP-3 gene expression increases postchallenge, while expression of lymphocyte or monocyte chemoattractant chemokine genes (MIP-1beta, MCP-1, and MIP-2) were of higher magnitude and kinetics at early, but not late, time points.
14	11902830	Mature DCs expressed significantly heightened levels of their antigen-presenting machinery (e.g., CD54, CD80, CD86) and numerous cytokines and chemokines/chemokine receptors (i.e., Flt-3L, G-CSF, IL-1alpha and -1beta, IL-6, IL-12, CCL-2, -3, -4, -5, -17, and -22, MIP-2, and CCR7) and were significantly better at inducing effector T cell responses in vitro.
15	11902830	Nevertheless, intermediate-maturity DCs expressed substantial levels of Flt-3L, IGF-1, IL-1alpha and -1beta, IL-6, CCL-2, -3, -4, -9/10, -17, and -22, MIP-2, osteopontin, CCR-1, -2, -5, and -7, and CXCR-4.
16	11902830	Mature DCs expressed significantly heightened levels of their antigen-presenting machinery (e.g., CD54, CD80, CD86) and numerous cytokines and chemokines/chemokine receptors (i.e., Flt-3L, G-CSF, IL-1alpha and -1beta, IL-6, IL-12, CCL-2, -3, -4, -5, -17, and -22, MIP-2, and CCR7) and were significantly better at inducing effector T cell responses in vitro.
17	11902830	Nevertheless, intermediate-maturity DCs expressed substantial levels of Flt-3L, IGF-1, IL-1alpha and -1beta, IL-6, CCL-2, -3, -4, -9/10, -17, and -22, MIP-2, osteopontin, CCR-1, -2, -5, and -7, and CXCR-4.
18	11962727	Peritoneal cells collected from mice intraperitoneally injected with a 100 microg/dose of Lactoferrin demonstrated modest, but significant, production of TNF-alpha, IL-12 and MIP-1alpha when cultured in vitro, compared to saline-injected controls.
19	11962727	J774A.1 murine macrophages stimulated with Lactoferrin resulted in increased TNF-alpha protein production, and upregulated IL-12 and IL-15 mRNA.
20	11962727	Levels of message for chemokines MIP-1alpha and MIP-2 were also increased in a dose-dependent way.
21	12045243	Compound deletion of ctxAB, hlyA, hapA, and rtxA created strain KFV101, which colonized the lung but induced pulmonary disease with limited inflammation and significantly reduced serum titers of IL-6 and MIP-2. 100% of mice inoculated with KFV101 survive, compared with 20% of mice inoculated with the ctxAB mutant.
22	12457983	Finally, KgI/gE/75 and RacL11 elicited the production of the proinflammatory chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and MIP-2 in the lungs of infected mice, while KyA did not, suggesting that gI and/or gI and gE contribute to the up-regulation of these mediators of inflammation.
23	12540573	Vaccine-induced reduction of Helicobacter pylori colonization in mice is interleukin-12 dependent but gamma interferon and inducible nitric oxide synthase independent.
24	12540573	Elevated levels of mRNA for interleukin-12p40 (IL-12p40), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were associated with protection in immunized-challenged (I/C) mice, but Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13) and chemokine (KC, MIP-2, and MCP-1) expression was not associated with protection.
25	12540573	Despite the association of IFN-gamma and iNOS message with protection, I/C mice genetically lacking either of these products were able to reduce the bacterial load as well as the wild-type I/C controls.
26	12540573	We conclude that neither IFN-gamma nor iNOS is essential for vaccine-induced protection from H. pylori infection.
27	12540573	The p40 subunit of IL-12, which is a component of both IL-12 and IL-23, is necessary for protection in immunized mice.
28	12874303	After 2 to 4 weeks, L. amazonensis-infected mice had significantly delayed and depressed expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-12 [IL-12], gamma interferon, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta), CC chemokines (CC chemokine ligand 3 [CCL3]/macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha [MIP-1 alpha], CCL4/MIP-1 beta, CCL5/RANTES, MIP-2), and chemokine receptors (CCR1, CCR2, CCR5) in foot tissues and draining lymph nodes compared to the expression in L. major-infected controls.
29	12874303	Studies with gene knockout mice suggested that IL-10, but not IL-4, contributed partially to compromised immunity in L. amazonensis-infected hosts.
30	15557620	We investigated the mechanisms of adjuvanticity of the Mycoplasma-derived macrophage-activating 2-kDa lipopeptide (MALP-2), which binds to the heterodimer formed by the Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 (TLR2 and -6), at the level of the murine nasal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (NALT).
31	15557620	We observed an early up-regulated expression of IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1alpha, MIP-2, and CCR-2 which was reversed within 36 h.
32	15795295	RNase protection analyses revealed increased expression of numerous cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, MIP-2, interferon gamma-inducible protein, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and T-cell activation gene 3 at 12 h postinfection with KyARgp2F.
33	16699008	We found that a single intravaginal administration of CpG ODN in mice stimulates a rapid and potent response of CC chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha), MIP-1beta, and RANTES as well as of CXC chemokines MIP-2 and IP-10 in the vagina and/or the genital lymph nodes.
34	16806598	Although the serum levels of IgG binding to whole bacteria cells were comparable between groups, the strongest immune protection was associated with the serum levels of Th1-dominated multivalent IgG, the bronchoalveolar levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and IFN-gamma, and the number of neutrophils and macrophages in the bronchoalveolar lavage following intranasal challenge.
35	17073942	Thirty-one immunologically characterized genes were differentially expressed by DCs following exposure to Live-EB or UV-EB, including two glutamic acid-leucine-arginine cysteine-X-cysteine (ELR CXC) neutrophil chemoattractant chemokines, Cxcl1 (KC), and Cxcl2 (MIP-2).
36	17116174	To evaluate the effect of the genetic adjuvant of chemokines on the adaptive immune responses induced by a plasmid DNA vaccine expressing glycorotein B (gB) of the pseudorabies virus (PrV), a PrV DNA vaccine was co-inoculated with plasmid DNA expressing certain chemokines including CCL3 (MIP-1alpha), CCL4 (MIP-1beta), CCL5 (RANTES), CXCL8 (MIP-2), and CXCL10 (IP-10).
37	17116174	A co-injection of the CCL3 plasmid DNA induced immunity that was biased to the T helper type 2 (Th2) pattern, as judged by the ratio of immunoglobulin G isotypes and the production of interleukin-4 cytokine generated from stimulated immune T cells.
38	17116174	However, CCL5 and CXCL10 induced immune responses of the Th1-type, which rendered the recipients more resistant to a virulent virus infection.
39	17301214	In this study, we determined the efficacy of the human pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotype 3-specific antibody, A7 (immunoglobulin M [IgM]), in secretory IgM (sIgM)(-/-), CD4(-/-), CD8(-/-), muMT(-/-), and SCID mice and investigated its effect on cytokine and chemokine expression in sera and spleens from mice with intact cellular immunity.
40	17301214	Compared to that of an isotype control antibody, A7 administration prolonged the survival of mice of each immunodeficient strain and was associated with a significant reduction in CFU in blood, lung, and spleen samples and a significantly reduced level of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) expression in normal and sIgM(-/-) mice.
41	17301214	Studies with mice treated with penicillin revealed similar reductions in CFU and similar levels of IL-6, KC, or MIP-2 expression in A7- and penicillin-treated mice.
42	17301214	In this study, we determined the efficacy of the human pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide serotype 3-specific antibody, A7 (immunoglobulin M [IgM]), in secretory IgM (sIgM)(-/-), CD4(-/-), CD8(-/-), muMT(-/-), and SCID mice and investigated its effect on cytokine and chemokine expression in sera and spleens from mice with intact cellular immunity.
43	17301214	Compared to that of an isotype control antibody, A7 administration prolonged the survival of mice of each immunodeficient strain and was associated with a significant reduction in CFU in blood, lung, and spleen samples and a significantly reduced level of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) expression in normal and sIgM(-/-) mice.
44	17301214	Studies with mice treated with penicillin revealed similar reductions in CFU and similar levels of IL-6, KC, or MIP-2 expression in A7- and penicillin-treated mice.
45	17538120	Upregulated genes included the immune regulatory molecules interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), CIAS-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, PDE4B, PTGS2, IL-8, CXCL2, CCL4, ICAM-1, CD83, GOS-2, IER3 (IEX-1), and TNFAIP3 (A20).
46	17538120	Plasma levels of IL-1beta and IL-8 were elevated during measles virus infection.
47	17538120	Downregulated genes mainly involved three gene ontology biological processes, transcription, signal transduction, and the immune response, and included IL-16 and cell surface receptors IL-4R, IL-6R, IL-7R, IL-27RA, CCR2, and CCR7.
48	18386791	Combination of Fasl and GM-CSF confers synergistic antitumor immunity in an in vivo model of the murine Lewis lung carcinoma.
49	18386791	Gene transfer of Fas ligand (FasL) to tumor cells has been demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth in vivo, and neutrophils are primarily responsible for this immunoprotection.
50	18386791	The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) secreted by tumor vaccine can recruit dendritic cells (DCs) for efficient antigen presentation to T cells that generate the tumor-specific response.
51	18386791	To investigate whether the combination of FasL and GM-CSF can efficiently suppress tumor growth, we have established Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC-1) cells that are transduced with GM-CSF (LLC/GM-CSF), FasL (LLC/FasL) or both genes (LLC/FasL/GM-CSF) to test their tumorigenic potential in vivo.
52	18386791	In contrast, none of the mice injected with LLC/FasL or LLC/FasL/GM-CSF develop tumors.
53	18386791	Specific memory immune response and delayed LLC-1 tumor growth are found in mice immunized with LLC-1/FasL or LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF.
54	18386791	Furthermore, therapeutic effects are observed only when LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF tumor vaccine is employed to retard growth of preexisting LLC-1 tumors.
55	18386791	Tumor growth is also completely suppressed in mice injected with a mixture of LLC-1 and LLC-1/FasL/GM-CSF.
56	18386791	In addition, IL-12 production, cytotoxic T-cell activity and IgG against LLC-1 are manifested in mice injected with LLC/FasL/GM-CSF.
57	18386791	Our data show that FasL-induced pathway triggers expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1 beta, IL-6, MIP-2 and MCP-1, while GM-CSF-dependent pathway promotes functional maturation and activation of DCs.
58	18386791	Taken together, the results indicate that dual gene-based delivery with FasL and GM-CSF may serve as a more effective tumor vaccine to suppress lung cancer cell growth in vivo.
59	20624887	Using a model wherein mice are vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Guérin after Mtb infection, we show that repeated vaccination results in increased IL-17, tumor necrosis factor, IL-6, and MIP-2 expression, influx of granulocytes/neutrophils, and lung tissue damage.
60	20624887	This pathological response is abrogated in mice deficient in the gene encoding IL-23p19 or in the presence of IL-17-blocking antibody.
61	20679443	CXCL2 and CCL2 mRNA expression was increased in the spleens and kidneys, respectively.
62	20826612	The concentrations of several chemoattractants for neutrophils (CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL8, and C5a) increased in milk after challenge, and the highest increases followed challenge with the combination of MDP and LTA.
63	20826612	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), a major sensor of MDP, was expressed (mRNA) in bovine mammary tissue and by bMEpC in culture.
64	20826612	The production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) following the stimulation of bMEpC by LTA and MDP was dependent on the activation of NF-κB.
65	20826612	LTA-induced IL-8 production did not depend on platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR), as the PAFR antagonist WEB2086 was without effect.
66	20826612	Although the levels of expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and IL-1β were increased by LTA and MDP at the mRNA level, no protein could be detected in the bMEpC culture supernatant.
67	20826612	Overall, this study indicates that the TLR2 and NOD2 pathways could cooperate to trigger an innate immune response to S. aureus mastitis.
68	21108342	The up-regulated genes include genes encoding immunoglobulin, histocompatibility 2 (K region), and several complement component genes, while the down-regulated genes include the TAP1 (transporters associated with antigen processing gene-1), interferon induced gene (Ifi203), chemokine (C-X-C) ligands and leukocyte-immunoglobulin-like genes, Lck-interacting transmembrane adaptor genes and histocompatibility 2 (Q region and T region).
69	21108342	The immune-related six genes up-regulated with immunogenic complex treatment were Fcgr2b, Cxcl2, Fth1, Clec4n, Lilrb4, and Dbh, with Fcgr2b (Fc gamma receptor IIB) being the highest up-regulated gene.
70	23637043	At 24 h after LPS injection, renal glomerular hypercellularity and hepatocellular injury were observed in both strains, accompanying further elevated serum levels of creatinine and alanine aminotransferase in TRPV1(-/-) mice compared to those in WT mice.
71	23637043	At 6 or 24 h after LPS injection, neutrophil recruitment into kidneys and livers, serum cytokine (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6) and renal chemokine (KC, macrophage inflammatory protein 2 [MIP-2]) levels, and renal VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression were greater in TRPV1(-/-) mice than WT mice.
72	23637043	In addition, increased plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels observed in WT mice 6 h after LPS injection were absent in TRPV1(-/-) mice.
73	24412909	IL-10 suppresses IL-17-mediated dermal inflammation and reduces the systemic burden of Vaccinia virus in a mouse model of eczema vaccinatum.
74	24412909	This was associated with enhanced production of IL-17A, IL-17F and CXCL2.
75	24412909	These findings suggest that IL-10 is important in limiting skin inflammation induced by VV and that abnormal IL-17-driven neutrophil recruitment at the primary infection site in the skin results in increased systemic viral dissemination.
76	24695582	Infection of BMDMs and primary lung fibroblasts with C. trachomatis strain L2, or the murine pathogen C. muridarum, led to higher levels of MIP2 mRNA expression or IL-1β secretion from TRAIL-R-deficient cells than WT cells.
77	24695582	Similarly, depletion of TRAIL-R1 expression in human epithelial cells resulted in a higher level of IL-8 mRNA expression and protein secretion during C. trachomatis infection.
78	25240383	Treatment with interleukin 1α (IL-1α) induced production of the chemokine CXCL2 by dermal macrophages, and DC clustering was suppressed by blockade of either the receptor for IL-1 (IL-1R) or the receptor for CXCL2 (CXCR2).