Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: GZMA

Gene name: granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated serine esterase 3)

HGNC ID: 4708

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	B3GAT1	1 hits
2	BCL2	1 hits
3	CCL3	1 hits
4	CCR7	1 hits
5	CD27	1 hits
6	CD4	1 hits
7	CD8A	1 hits
8	CD8B	1 hits
9	FABP9	1 hits
10	GZMB	1 hits
11	GZMK	1 hits
12	HLA-A	1 hits
13	IFIH1	1 hits
14	IFNG	1 hits
15	IL10	1 hits
16	IL12B	1 hits
17	IL1B	1 hits
18	IL2	1 hits
19	IL4	1 hits
20	IL6	1 hits
21	IL8	1 hits
22	IRF1	1 hits
23	KLRD1	1 hits
24	KLRG1	1 hits
25	LAMP1	1 hits
26	NCAM1	1 hits
27	PRF1	1 hits
28	PRG2	1 hits
29	SPATA2	1 hits
30	TLR3	1 hits
31	XCL1	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	12601154	To determine whether this difference was due to the low frequency or incomplete maturation of effector CTL in MLN, we measured expression of perforin, granzymes A, B, and C, and IFN-gamma mRNAs in CD8(+) populations and single cells immediately after isolation from virus-infected mice.
2	12601154	Quantitative PCR revealed significant expression of perforin, granzyme A, granzyme B, and IFN-gamma in activated CD8(+) cells from MLN, spleen, and lung parenchyma.
3	12601154	Individual activated or nucleoprotein peptide/class I tetramer-binding CD8(+) cells from the three tissues expressed diverse combinations of perforin, granzyme, and IFN-gamma mRNAs.
4	15699131	Exposure to IL-4 during activation of naive murine CD8+ T cells leads to generation of IL-4-producing effector cells with reduced surface CD8, low perforin, granzyme B and granzyme C mRNA, and poor cytolytic function.
5	15699131	CD8 expression positively correlated with perforin and granzyme A, B, and C mRNA, and negatively correlated with IL-4 mRNA levels among these clones.
6	15749916	One month after immunization, vaccinees developed vaccinia virus-specific CD8+ T cells with an effector cell phenotype containing both granzyme A and granzyme B.
7	15749916	One year after immunization, we found a significant decrease in granzyme B containing cells and an increased memory cell phenotype in virus-specific CD8+ T cells.
8	16170753	Flow-cytometric detection of vaccinia-induced memory effector CD4(+), CD8(+), and gamma delta TCR(+) T cells capable of antigen-specific expansion and effector functions.
9	16170753	Absolute numbers of CD4(+)/CFSE(lo)/interferon (IFN)- gamma (+), CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/IFN- gamma (+), CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/granzyme A(+), and CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/CD107a(+) T cells present after in vitro stimulation with live vaccinia were significantly higher in immunized individuals (P<.05).
10	16170753	These CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell increases were >2 log higher than increases detectable by standard lymphoproliferation and cytotoxicity assays.
11	16170753	Vaccinia-specific CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/IFN- gamma (+) and granzyme A(+) T cell responses were significantly correlated with the results of standard (51)Cr-release cytolytic assays (P<.05).
12	16170753	We demonstrate that vaccinia induces robust memory effector CD4(+), CD8(+), and gamma delta T cells, all of which are relevant for protection against smallpox.
13	16170753	Flow-cytometric detection of vaccinia-induced memory effector CD4(+), CD8(+), and gamma delta TCR(+) T cells capable of antigen-specific expansion and effector functions.
14	16170753	Absolute numbers of CD4(+)/CFSE(lo)/interferon (IFN)- gamma (+), CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/IFN- gamma (+), CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/granzyme A(+), and CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/CD107a(+) T cells present after in vitro stimulation with live vaccinia were significantly higher in immunized individuals (P<.05).
15	16170753	These CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell increases were >2 log higher than increases detectable by standard lymphoproliferation and cytotoxicity assays.
16	16170753	Vaccinia-specific CD8(+)/CFSE(lo)/IFN- gamma (+) and granzyme A(+) T cell responses were significantly correlated with the results of standard (51)Cr-release cytolytic assays (P<.05).
17	16170753	We demonstrate that vaccinia induces robust memory effector CD4(+), CD8(+), and gamma delta T cells, all of which are relevant for protection against smallpox.
18	16316416	Similarly, evaluation of intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) revealed that CD56(bright) cells were those mainly involved in IFN-gamma production in response to BCG.
19	16316416	In contrast, the CD56(dim) subset contained higher levels of perforin and granzyme A, two key molecules for exocytosis-mediated cytotoxicity, than the CD56(bright) subset.
20	16339537	IL-2 regulates perforin and granzyme gene expression in CD8+ T cells independently of its effects on survival and proliferation.
21	16339537	We show in this study that IL-2 increased the expression of perforin and granzyme A, B, and C mRNA; intracellular granzyme B protein levels; and cytolytic function in a dose-dependent manner during primary activation of murine CD8+ T cells in vitro.
22	16339537	First, IL-2 enhancement of perforin and granzyme expression was equivalent in CD8+ T cells from wild-type and bcl-2 transgenic mice, although only the latter cells survived in low concentrations or the absence of added IL-2.
23	16339537	This property of bcl-2 transgenic T cells also allowed the demonstration that induction of granzyme A, B, and C mRNA and granzyme B protein required exogenous IL-2, whereas induction of perforin and IFN-gamma expression did not.
24	16339537	Together, these findings indicate that IL-2 can directly regulate perforin and granzyme gene expression in CD8+ T cells independently of its effects on cell survival and proliferation.
25	16339537	IL-2 regulates perforin and granzyme gene expression in CD8+ T cells independently of its effects on survival and proliferation.
26	16339537	We show in this study that IL-2 increased the expression of perforin and granzyme A, B, and C mRNA; intracellular granzyme B protein levels; and cytolytic function in a dose-dependent manner during primary activation of murine CD8+ T cells in vitro.
27	16339537	First, IL-2 enhancement of perforin and granzyme expression was equivalent in CD8+ T cells from wild-type and bcl-2 transgenic mice, although only the latter cells survived in low concentrations or the absence of added IL-2.
28	16339537	This property of bcl-2 transgenic T cells also allowed the demonstration that induction of granzyme A, B, and C mRNA and granzyme B protein required exogenous IL-2, whereas induction of perforin and IFN-gamma expression did not.
29	16339537	Together, these findings indicate that IL-2 can directly regulate perforin and granzyme gene expression in CD8+ T cells independently of its effects on cell survival and proliferation.
30	16397274	Tumor-derived interleukin-4 reduces tumor clearance and deviates the cytokine and granzyme profile of tumor-induced CD8+ T cells.
31	16397274	An interleukin (IL)-4-containing tumor environment is reported to be beneficial for immune clearance of tumor cells in vivo; however, the effect of IL-4 on the effector CD8+ T cells contributing to tumor clearance is not well defined.
32	16397274	We have used the immunogenic HLA-CW3-expressing P815 (P.CW3) mastocytoma and investigated whether IL-4 expression by the tumor affects tumor clearance and, if so, whether it alters the tumor-induced Vbeta10+ CD8+ T-cell response.
33	16397274	P.CW3 were stably transfected with IL-4 or the empty control vector, and independent cell lines were injected i.p. into syngeneic DBA/2 mice.
34	16397274	The IL-4-secreting P.CW3 tumor cells led to markedly higher mRNA expression of IL-4 and granzyme A and B but no differences in IFN-gamma and IL-2 production, cell proliferation, or ex vivo CTL activity in primary Vbeta10+ CD8+ T cells when compared with the control tumor cells.
35	16397274	We concluded that tumor-derived IL-4 selectively changed the quality of the tumor-induced CD8+ T-cell response and resulted in unexpected negative effects on tumor clearance.
36	18420312	Branched and linear lipopeptide vaccines have different effects on primary CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation but induce similar tumor-protective memory CD8+ T-cell responses.
37	18420312	We compared murine T-cell responses to synthetic lipopeptide vaccines in which the TLR2 ligand Pam(2)Cys was attached to co-linear CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes of ovalbumin (OVA) in a linear or branched configuration.
38	18420312	Mice received OVA-specific transgenic CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells followed by one injection of vaccine.
39	18420312	Although the branched lipopeptide was more potent in activating OVA-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in the primary response, both vaccines induced cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) that expressed perforin, granzyme A-C, and IFN-gamma mRNAs and conferred long-term protection of most mice against challenge with OVA-expressing tumor cells.
40	18820174	Using polychromatic flow cytometry, we simultaneously measured expression of the most common human CEs [granzyme A (gA), granzyme B (gB), and Perf] alongside markers of alphabeta and gammadelta T cell maturation (CD45RO, CCR7, CD27, CD57).
41	18820174	Additionally, we measured CE content in NK cell subsets (defined by their expression of CD16 and CD56).
42	19091870	Higher CS also correlated with higher levels of mRNAs for PD-1, CD4, CD8, F4/80, interleukin-4, gamma interferon, granzyme A, and granzyme B in both cornea and TG.
43	19091870	These results suggest that (i) the immunopathology induced by HSV-1 infection does not correlate with primary virus replication in the eye; (ii) increased CS appears to correlate with increased latency in the TG, although the possible cause-and-effect relationship is not known; and (iii) increased latency in mouse TG correlates with higher levels of PD-1 mRNA, suggesting exhaustion of CD8+ T cells.
44	19901990	Furthermore, H5(246-260) epitope was found to be presented by both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II molecules, leading to activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets, marked by proliferation and expression of interferon (IFN)-gamma by both of these cell subsets as well as the expression of granzyme A by CD8+ T cells.
45	20795543	Differential regulation of the cytotoxic proteins, granzyme A, granzyme B and perforin are also observed in virus-specific T cells following infection.
46	21853094	Elimination of adoptively transferred MHC-I(neg) splenocytes was unimpaired in the absence of gzmA and gzmB, but dependent on perforin.
47	22238315	These findings were confirmed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) array studies, which showed that 3 genes in particular, encoding chemokine ligand 3 (Ccl3), natural killer cell activator 2 (interleukin 12B [IL-12B]), and granzyme A (GzmA), were activated earlier and to a greater extent in the brains of RV-infected mice treated with TriGAS than in the brains of mock-treated mice.
48	23658773	A potential strategy is to induce CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells that recognize epitopes within internal proteins that are less subject to antigenic drift.
49	23658773	In vaccinated volunteers, the expression of Granzyme A, Perforin and CD57 on influenza HLA A*02 M158-66 antigen specific cells was higher than non-vaccinated volunteers before and after challenge despite a similar frequency of antigen specific cells.
50	23824804	All five individual peptides and epitopes of peptide-pool F3 induced IFN-γ and/or proliferation responses in addition to inducing CTL-associated cytotoxin responses (perforin, granzyme A, granzyme B).
51	24530576	Our data suggests that stimulation with VACV triggers a cytotoxic response by NK cells marked by an increase of NCRs: NKp30, NKp44, and NKp46 in infected (vaccinated and unvaccinated) subjects and in non-infected vaccinated patients, when compared with non-infected unvaccinated individuals.
52	24530576	We demonstrated that stimulation with VACV downregulates the percentage of expression of Perforin, Granzyme A, and CD107a, but upregulate CD94 in infected (vaccinated and unvaccinated) subjects and in non-infected vaccinated patients, when compared with non-infected unvaccinated individuals.
53	24530576	Our data suggest that the expression of NCRs NKp30, NKp44, NKp46 and cytokines by NK cells are important in the innate response against VACV.
54	24706961	In addition, we identified some cytokine receptors and several immune genes, such as Granzyme A (GZMA), CD4 molecule (CD4), CD8a molecule (CD8A), and CD8b molecule (CD8B), that were upregulated upon vaccination.
55	25118276	Further analyses showed that the KLRG1(+) (Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G, member 1-positive) iNKT cells coexpressing CD49d and granzyme A persisted for several months and displayed a potent secondary response to cognate antigen.
56	25267176	The expression levels of granzyme K and CD8 in DNA-vaccinated chickens were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in unvaccinated chickens upon IBDV challenge at 0.5 or 1 dpc.
57	25267176	Bursal transcripts related to innate immunity and inflammation, including TLR3, MDA5, IFN-α, IFN-β, IRF-1, IRF-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, granzyme A, granzyme K and IL-10, were upregulated or significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 3 dpc and later in unvaccinated chickens challenged with IBDV.
58	25267176	The expression levels of genes related to immune cell regulation, apoptosis and glucose transport, including CD4, CD8, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-12(p40), IL-18, GM-CSF, GATA-3, p53, glucose transporter-2 and glucose transporter-3, were upregulated or significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 3 dpc and later in unvaccinated chickens challenged with IBDV.
59	25267176	Taken together, the results indicate that the bursal transcriptome involved in innate immunity, inflammation, immune cell regulation, apoptosis and glucose transport, except for granzyme K and CD8, was not differentially expressed in DNA-vaccinated chickens protected from IBDV challenge.
60	25597949	Short exposure to AFB1 suppressed innate immune transcripts, especially from antimicrobial genes, but increased the expression of transcripts from E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-B and multiple interleukin-2 response genes.
61	25597949	Up-regulation of transcripts from lymphotactin, granzyme A, and perforin 1 could indicate either increased cytotoxic potential or activation-induced cell death in the spleen during aflatoxicosis.
62	25844718	Conserved epitopes on HIV-1, FIV and SIV p24 proteins are recognized by HIV-1 infected subjects.
63	25844718	Furthermore, evaluation of overlapping SIV p24 peptide sequences identified conserved epitope(s) on the Fp14/Hp15-counterpart of SIV, Sp14, but none on Fp9-counterpart of SIV, Sp9.
64	25844718	Intracellular staining analysis for cytotoxins and phenotyping for CD107a determined that peptide epitopes from Fp9 and Fp14 pools induced cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecules including perforin, granzyme B, granzyme A, and/or expression of CD107a.
65	26297758	Vaccination Produces CD4 T Cells with a Novel CD154-CD40-Dependent Cytolytic Mechanism.
66	26297758	We demonstrate that immunization with a recombinant protein Ag and GLA-SE also induces granzyme A expression in CD4 T cells and produces cytolytic cells that can be detected in vivo.
67	26297758	Surprisingly, these in vivo CTLs were CD4 T cells, not CD8 T cells, and this cytolytic activity was not dependent on granzyme A/B or perforin.
68	26297758	Unlike previously reported CD4 CTLs, the transcription factors Tbet and Eomes were not necessary for their development.
69	26297758	CTL activity was also independent of the Fas ligand-Fas, TRAIL-DR5, and canonical death pathways, indicating a novel mechanism of CTL activity.
70	26297758	Rather, the in vivo CD4 CTL activity induced by vaccination required T cell expression of CD154 (CD40L) and target cell expression of CD40.
71	26297758	Thus, vaccination with a TLR4 agonist adjuvant induces CD4 CTLs, which kill through a previously unknown CD154-dependent mechanism.
72	26297758	Vaccination Produces CD4 T Cells with a Novel CD154-CD40-Dependent Cytolytic Mechanism.
73	26297758	We demonstrate that immunization with a recombinant protein Ag and GLA-SE also induces granzyme A expression in CD4 T cells and produces cytolytic cells that can be detected in vivo.
74	26297758	Surprisingly, these in vivo CTLs were CD4 T cells, not CD8 T cells, and this cytolytic activity was not dependent on granzyme A/B or perforin.
75	26297758	Unlike previously reported CD4 CTLs, the transcription factors Tbet and Eomes were not necessary for their development.
76	26297758	CTL activity was also independent of the Fas ligand-Fas, TRAIL-DR5, and canonical death pathways, indicating a novel mechanism of CTL activity.
77	26297758	Rather, the in vivo CD4 CTL activity induced by vaccination required T cell expression of CD154 (CD40L) and target cell expression of CD40.
78	26297758	Thus, vaccination with a TLR4 agonist adjuvant induces CD4 CTLs, which kill through a previously unknown CD154-dependent mechanism.