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Gene Information
Gene symbol: IL18
Gene name: interleukin 18 (interferon-gamma-inducing factor)
HGNC ID: 5986
Synonyms: IGIF, IL1F4, IL-1g, IL-18
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 9541605 | Recently we and others reported that specific immune responses generated by DNA vaccine could be modulated by co-delivery of gene expression cassettes encoding for IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86. |
| 2 | 9541605 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we investigated the induction and regulation of immune responses following the co-delivery of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta), Th1 cytokine (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), and Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) genes. |
| 3 | 9541605 | We observed enhancement of antigen-specific humoral response with the co-delivery of Th2 cytokine genes IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 as well as those of IL-2 and IL-18. |
| 4 | 9541605 | A dramatic increase in antigen-specific T helper cell proliferation was seen with IL-2 and TNF-alpha gene co-injections. |
| 5 | 9541605 | In addition, we observed a significant enhancement of the cytotoxic response with the co-administration of TNF-alpha and IL-15 genes with HIV-1 DNA immunogens. |
| 6 | 9541605 | Recently we and others reported that specific immune responses generated by DNA vaccine could be modulated by co-delivery of gene expression cassettes encoding for IL-12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86. |
| 7 | 9541605 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we investigated the induction and regulation of immune responses following the co-delivery of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta), Th1 cytokine (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), and Th2 cytokine (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10) genes. |
| 8 | 9541605 | We observed enhancement of antigen-specific humoral response with the co-delivery of Th2 cytokine genes IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 as well as those of IL-2 and IL-18. |
| 9 | 9541605 | A dramatic increase in antigen-specific T helper cell proliferation was seen with IL-2 and TNF-alpha gene co-injections. |
| 10 | 9541605 | In addition, we observed a significant enhancement of the cytotoxic response with the co-administration of TNF-alpha and IL-15 genes with HIV-1 DNA immunogens. |
| 11 | 9670863 | The peptide sequences studied included the endothelial-monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP II), the allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1), and the interferon-gamma-inducing factor (IGIF, IL-18). |
| 12 | 9834103 | LeIF: a recombinant Leishmania protein that induces an IL-12-mediated Th1 cytokine profile. |
| 13 | 9834103 | When lymph node cells from infected BALB/c mice were stimulated in vitro with LeIF, only IFN-gamma (and no detectable IL-4) was found in the culture supernatant. |
| 14 | 9834103 | We found that LeIF stimulated fresh spleen cells from naive SCID mice to secrete IFN-gamma by IL-12/IL-18-dependent mechanisms. |
| 15 | 9847356 | To investigate whether the Th1- or Th2-type immune responses are more important for protection from HSV-2 infection, we codelivered the DNA expression construct encoding the HSV-2 gD protein with the gene plasmids encoding the Th1-type (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18) and Th2-type (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines in an effort to drive immunity induced by vaccination. |
| 16 | 10423959 | Diverse cytokines are known to play an important role in anti-TB cell-mediated immunity, including IL-2, IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-gamma. |
| 17 | 10449160 | The induction of secretion call be mediated by engagement of CD40 on dendritic cells, as indicated by the increased amount of interleukin-18 in dendritic cell supernatants after CD40 triggering by anti-CD40 antibodies. |
| 18 | 10449160 | However, CD40 engagement, unlike from antigen-specific T cells, does not result in reduced intracellular interleukin-18 content, suggesting that this decrease may be mediated by structure(s) involved in antigen recognition. |
| 19 | 10449160 | The induction of secretion call be mediated by engagement of CD40 on dendritic cells, as indicated by the increased amount of interleukin-18 in dendritic cell supernatants after CD40 triggering by anti-CD40 antibodies. |
| 20 | 10449160 | However, CD40 engagement, unlike from antigen-specific T cells, does not result in reduced intracellular interleukin-18 content, suggesting that this decrease may be mediated by structure(s) involved in antigen recognition. |
| 21 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 22 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 23 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 24 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 25 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 26 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 27 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 28 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 29 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 30 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 31 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 32 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 33 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 34 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 35 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 36 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 37 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 38 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 39 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 40 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 41 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 42 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 43 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 44 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 45 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 46 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 47 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 48 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 49 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 50 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 51 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 52 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 53 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 54 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 55 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 56 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 57 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 58 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 59 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 60 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 61 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 62 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 63 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 64 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 65 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 66 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 67 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 68 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 69 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 70 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 71 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 72 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 73 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 74 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 75 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 76 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 77 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 78 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 79 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 80 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 81 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 82 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 83 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 84 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 85 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 86 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 87 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 88 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 89 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 90 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 91 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 92 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 93 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 94 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 95 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 96 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 97 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 98 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 99 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 100 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 101 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 102 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 103 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 104 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 105 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 106 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 107 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 108 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 109 | 10525448 | Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation. |
| 110 | 10525448 | Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 111 | 10525448 | Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function. |
| 112 | 10525448 | In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules. |
| 113 | 10525448 | Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1). |
| 114 | 10525448 | The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1. |
| 115 | 10525448 | IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines. |
| 116 | 10525448 | This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family. |
| 117 | 10525448 | The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB. |
| 118 | 10525448 | Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family. |
| 119 | 10525448 | Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity. |
| 120 | 10547157 | Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine interleukin-18 and analysis of IL-18 expression in macrophages and its IFN-gamma-inducing activity. |
| 121 | 10547157 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a recently described cytokine that enhances interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, either independently or synergistically with IL-12. |
| 122 | 10547157 | Human recombinant IL-18 (rHuIL-18) induced IFN-gamma production by PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which was potentiated by rHuIL-12. |
| 123 | 10547157 | Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18. |
| 124 | 10547157 | Analysis of IL-18 expression and its ability to induce IFN-gamma production by bovine lymphocytes are important considerations for understanding mechanisms of protective immunity and designing vaccines for intracellular pathogens. |
| 125 | 10547157 | Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine interleukin-18 and analysis of IL-18 expression in macrophages and its IFN-gamma-inducing activity. |
| 126 | 10547157 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a recently described cytokine that enhances interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, either independently or synergistically with IL-12. |
| 127 | 10547157 | Human recombinant IL-18 (rHuIL-18) induced IFN-gamma production by PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which was potentiated by rHuIL-12. |
| 128 | 10547157 | Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18. |
| 129 | 10547157 | Analysis of IL-18 expression and its ability to induce IFN-gamma production by bovine lymphocytes are important considerations for understanding mechanisms of protective immunity and designing vaccines for intracellular pathogens. |
| 130 | 10547157 | Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine interleukin-18 and analysis of IL-18 expression in macrophages and its IFN-gamma-inducing activity. |
| 131 | 10547157 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a recently described cytokine that enhances interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, either independently or synergistically with IL-12. |
| 132 | 10547157 | Human recombinant IL-18 (rHuIL-18) induced IFN-gamma production by PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which was potentiated by rHuIL-12. |
| 133 | 10547157 | Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18. |
| 134 | 10547157 | Analysis of IL-18 expression and its ability to induce IFN-gamma production by bovine lymphocytes are important considerations for understanding mechanisms of protective immunity and designing vaccines for intracellular pathogens. |
| 135 | 10547157 | Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine interleukin-18 and analysis of IL-18 expression in macrophages and its IFN-gamma-inducing activity. |
| 136 | 10547157 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a recently described cytokine that enhances interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, either independently or synergistically with IL-12. |
| 137 | 10547157 | Human recombinant IL-18 (rHuIL-18) induced IFN-gamma production by PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which was potentiated by rHuIL-12. |
| 138 | 10547157 | Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18. |
| 139 | 10547157 | Analysis of IL-18 expression and its ability to induce IFN-gamma production by bovine lymphocytes are important considerations for understanding mechanisms of protective immunity and designing vaccines for intracellular pathogens. |
| 140 | 10547157 | Cloning of a cDNA encoding bovine interleukin-18 and analysis of IL-18 expression in macrophages and its IFN-gamma-inducing activity. |
| 141 | 10547157 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a recently described cytokine that enhances interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, either independently or synergistically with IL-12. |
| 142 | 10547157 | Human recombinant IL-18 (rHuIL-18) induced IFN-gamma production by PHA-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), which was potentiated by rHuIL-12. |
| 143 | 10547157 | Antigen-specific T cell lines demonstrated IL-18-dependent enhancement of IFN-gamma production, indicating that bovine T cells are one of the leukocyte subsets that respond to IL-18. |
| 144 | 10547157 | Analysis of IL-18 expression and its ability to induce IFN-gamma production by bovine lymphocytes are important considerations for understanding mechanisms of protective immunity and designing vaccines for intracellular pathogens. |
| 145 | 10593488 | Antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses can be modulated in rhesus macaques through the use of IFN-gamma, IL-12, or IL-18 gene adjuvants. |
| 146 | 10593488 | To engineer the immune response in vivo towards more T-helper (Th)1-type cellular responses, we investigated the co-delivery of inteferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-18 genes along with DNA vaccine constructs. |
| 147 | 10593488 | Co-immunization of IFN-gamma and IL-18 in macaques enhanced the level of antigen-specific antibody responses. |
| 148 | 10593488 | Similarly, co-delivery of IL-12 and IL-18 also enhanced the level of antigen-specific Th proliferative responses. |
| 149 | 10593488 | Antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses can be modulated in rhesus macaques through the use of IFN-gamma, IL-12, or IL-18 gene adjuvants. |
| 150 | 10593488 | To engineer the immune response in vivo towards more T-helper (Th)1-type cellular responses, we investigated the co-delivery of inteferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-18 genes along with DNA vaccine constructs. |
| 151 | 10593488 | Co-immunization of IFN-gamma and IL-18 in macaques enhanced the level of antigen-specific antibody responses. |
| 152 | 10593488 | Similarly, co-delivery of IL-12 and IL-18 also enhanced the level of antigen-specific Th proliferative responses. |
| 153 | 10593488 | Antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses can be modulated in rhesus macaques through the use of IFN-gamma, IL-12, or IL-18 gene adjuvants. |
| 154 | 10593488 | To engineer the immune response in vivo towards more T-helper (Th)1-type cellular responses, we investigated the co-delivery of inteferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-18 genes along with DNA vaccine constructs. |
| 155 | 10593488 | Co-immunization of IFN-gamma and IL-18 in macaques enhanced the level of antigen-specific antibody responses. |
| 156 | 10593488 | Similarly, co-delivery of IL-12 and IL-18 also enhanced the level of antigen-specific Th proliferative responses. |
| 157 | 10593488 | Antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses can be modulated in rhesus macaques through the use of IFN-gamma, IL-12, or IL-18 gene adjuvants. |
| 158 | 10593488 | To engineer the immune response in vivo towards more T-helper (Th)1-type cellular responses, we investigated the co-delivery of inteferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-18 genes along with DNA vaccine constructs. |
| 159 | 10593488 | Co-immunization of IFN-gamma and IL-18 in macaques enhanced the level of antigen-specific antibody responses. |
| 160 | 10593488 | Similarly, co-delivery of IL-12 and IL-18 also enhanced the level of antigen-specific Th proliferative responses. |
| 161 | 10605015 | Vaccination with heat-killed Listeria as adjuvant reverses established allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and inflammation: role of CD8+ T cells and IL-18. |
| 162 | 10605015 | Asthma is a respiratory disorder characterized by airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and inflammation and is associated with high serum IgE and overproduction of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by allergen-specific Th2 cells. |
| 163 | 10605015 | HKL as adjuvant also dramatically inhibited airway inflammation, eosinophilia, and mucus production, significantly reduced Ag-specific IgE and IL-4 production, and dramatically increased Ag-specific IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 164 | 10605015 | The inhibitory effect of HKL on AHR depended on the presence of IL-12 and CD8+ T cells and was associated with an increase of IL-18 mRNA expression. |
| 165 | 10605015 | Vaccination with heat-killed Listeria as adjuvant reverses established allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity and inflammation: role of CD8+ T cells and IL-18. |
| 166 | 10605015 | Asthma is a respiratory disorder characterized by airway hyperreactivity (AHR) and inflammation and is associated with high serum IgE and overproduction of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 by allergen-specific Th2 cells. |
| 167 | 10605015 | HKL as adjuvant also dramatically inhibited airway inflammation, eosinophilia, and mucus production, significantly reduced Ag-specific IgE and IL-4 production, and dramatically increased Ag-specific IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 168 | 10605015 | The inhibitory effect of HKL on AHR depended on the presence of IL-12 and CD8+ T cells and was associated with an increase of IL-18 mRNA expression. |
| 169 | 10678360 | Effectiveness of cancer vaccine therapy using cells transduced with the interleukin-12 gene combined with systemic interleukin-18 administration. |
| 170 | 10678360 | The antitumor effect of RenCa/IL-12 as a cancer vaccine was induced by CD8+ T cells and NK cells and was inhibited by CD4+ T cells. |
| 171 | 10678360 | Although the systemic administration of recombinant IL-18 (rIL-18) alone did not inhibit the tumor growth, it did enhance the cancer vaccine effect of RenCa/IL-12. |
| 172 | 10678360 | The effector cells of this combination therapy consist not only of CD8+ T cells and NK cells but also of CD4+ T cells. |
| 173 | 10678360 | This synergistic cancer vaccine effect of in situ secretion of IL-12 and the systemic administration of rIL-18 may be attributed to a functional change of CD4+ T cells. |
| 174 | 10678360 | Effectiveness of cancer vaccine therapy using cells transduced with the interleukin-12 gene combined with systemic interleukin-18 administration. |
| 175 | 10678360 | The antitumor effect of RenCa/IL-12 as a cancer vaccine was induced by CD8+ T cells and NK cells and was inhibited by CD4+ T cells. |
| 176 | 10678360 | Although the systemic administration of recombinant IL-18 (rIL-18) alone did not inhibit the tumor growth, it did enhance the cancer vaccine effect of RenCa/IL-12. |
| 177 | 10678360 | The effector cells of this combination therapy consist not only of CD8+ T cells and NK cells but also of CD4+ T cells. |
| 178 | 10678360 | This synergistic cancer vaccine effect of in situ secretion of IL-12 and the systemic administration of rIL-18 may be attributed to a functional change of CD4+ T cells. |
| 179 | 10706961 | Due to the synergistic effects of IL-12 and IL-18, and to their importance in establishing a Th1 type immune response, we investigated the potential of a combined administration of both cytokines as an adjuvant for recombinant antigens. |
| 180 | 10706961 | By co-adsorption of this antigen on alum in the presence of IL-12 and IL-18, we demonstrate that IL-18 enhances the effects of IL-12 in inducing an antigen-specific Th1 type CD4(+) T cell response as well as high titres of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies. |
| 181 | 10706961 | Due to the synergistic effects of IL-12 and IL-18, and to their importance in establishing a Th1 type immune response, we investigated the potential of a combined administration of both cytokines as an adjuvant for recombinant antigens. |
| 182 | 10706961 | By co-adsorption of this antigen on alum in the presence of IL-12 and IL-18, we demonstrate that IL-18 enhances the effects of IL-12 in inducing an antigen-specific Th1 type CD4(+) T cell response as well as high titres of IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b antibodies. |
| 183 | 10769064 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a key role in the activation of natural killer and T helper 1 cell responses principally by inducing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 184 | 10769064 | The ectromelia virus protein was found to block NF-kappaB activation and induction of IFN-gamma in response to IL-18. |
| 185 | 10769064 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a key role in the activation of natural killer and T helper 1 cell responses principally by inducing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 186 | 10769064 | The ectromelia virus protein was found to block NF-kappaB activation and induction of IFN-gamma in response to IL-18. |
| 187 | 10781859 | The results were as follows. (1) Partial but significant reduction of the nasal-wash virus titres (prevention) was detected beginning 3 days after the vaccination, that is, 2 days earlier than the appearance of both virus-specific antibody-forming cells (AFCs) in the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) and virus-specific IgA antibody responses in the nasal washes of mice immunized with the CTB*-combined vaccine. (2) The protection, detected on day 3 and peaking on day 5 but lost by day 21, was also conferred in mice immunized with CTB* alone. (3) The non-specific prevention was detected at doses of more than 0.3 microg of CTB*/mouse. (4) The nonspecific protection beginning 3 days after the immunization involved the enhanced expression of cytokine mRNAs (IL-15 and IL-18), considered responsible for natural killer (NK) cell activation, by the non-T cell populations in the NALT. (5) Normal NALT cells, when cultured in vitro with CTB*, secreted IL-1beta within a few hours in culture. |
| 188 | 10841077 | For example, coadministration of costimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86), proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1alpha [IL-1alpha], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha, and TNF-beta), Th1 cytokines (interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10), and granulocytes-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with DNA vaccine constructs leads to modulation of the magnitude and direction (humoral or cellular) of the immune responses. |
| 189 | 10841077 | To further engineer the immune response in vivo, we compared the induction and regulation of immune responses from the codelivery of chemokine (IL-8, interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 [gammaIP-10], macrophage inhibitory protein-1alpha [MIP-1alpha], and RANTES) genes with codelivery of cytokine genes. |
| 190 | 10841077 | We observed that coimmunization with IL-8, gammaIP-10, and MIP-1alpha genes increased the antibody response. |
| 191 | 10841077 | We also found that coinjection with IL-8, gammaIP-10, and RANTES resulted in a dramatic enhancement of T helper (Th) proliferation response. |
| 192 | 10841077 | This enhancement of CTL responses observed from the coinjection with RANTES was CD8+ T cell dependent. |
| 193 | 11007365 | The molecular machinery at the nexus of apoptosis and inflammation includes caspase-1 --an activator of IL-1beta and IL-18 - as well as the double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase pathway and RNaseL pathway, which are key effectors of antiviral immunity. |
| 194 | 11055798 | Intratumoral IL-12 gene transfer improves the therapeutic efficacy of IL-12 but not IL-19. |
| 195 | 11055798 | We have compared the therapeutic activity of IL-12 and IL-18 in mice carrying IL-2 gene-transduced syngeneic sarcoma Mc12. |
| 196 | 11055798 | Murine recombinant IL-12 was capable of suppressing growth of the IL-2 gene-modified sarcoma Mc12 in syngeneic mice more efficiently than growth of the parental Mc12 sarcoma. |
| 197 | 11055798 | In contrast, murine recombinant IL-18 could neither inhibit growth of the parental Mc12 sarcoma, nor suppress growth of its IL-2 gene-modified transfectant. |
| 198 | 11055798 | These results suggest that although both of these cytokines are functionally related and participate in the induction of IFN gamma production as well as in cell-mediated immune cytotoxicity, in the murine sarcoma system only IL-12 is therapeutically active and exerts its therapeutic effect in concert with the IL-2 gene. |
| 199 | 11055798 | Thus, intratumoral IL-2 gene transfer improves the therapeutic efficacy of IL-12; administration of recombinant IL-12 should therefore be considered as adjuvant in IL-2 gene therapy with irradiated, genetically modified tumour vaccines. |
| 200 | 11055798 | Intratumoral IL-12 gene transfer improves the therapeutic efficacy of IL-12 but not IL-19. |
| 201 | 11055798 | We have compared the therapeutic activity of IL-12 and IL-18 in mice carrying IL-2 gene-transduced syngeneic sarcoma Mc12. |
| 202 | 11055798 | Murine recombinant IL-12 was capable of suppressing growth of the IL-2 gene-modified sarcoma Mc12 in syngeneic mice more efficiently than growth of the parental Mc12 sarcoma. |
| 203 | 11055798 | In contrast, murine recombinant IL-18 could neither inhibit growth of the parental Mc12 sarcoma, nor suppress growth of its IL-2 gene-modified transfectant. |
| 204 | 11055798 | These results suggest that although both of these cytokines are functionally related and participate in the induction of IFN gamma production as well as in cell-mediated immune cytotoxicity, in the murine sarcoma system only IL-12 is therapeutically active and exerts its therapeutic effect in concert with the IL-2 gene. |
| 205 | 11055798 | Thus, intratumoral IL-2 gene transfer improves the therapeutic efficacy of IL-12; administration of recombinant IL-12 should therefore be considered as adjuvant in IL-2 gene therapy with irradiated, genetically modified tumour vaccines. |
| 206 | 11145673 | The protection appeared to be mediated by IFN-gamma and CD8(+) cells because treatment of mice with neutralizing anti-IFN-gamma mAb or with depleting anti-CD8 mAb abolished the protective effect. |
| 207 | 11145673 | Moreover, vaccination of mice with preexisting AHR with the OVA-IL-18 fusion DNA, but not with the OVA cDNA plasmid, reversed established AHR, reduced allergen-specific IL-4, and increased allergen-specific IFN-gamma production. |
| 208 | 11163460 | Influenza A virus-infected respiratory epithelial cells produce limited amounts of chemokines (RANTES, MCP-1, IL-8) and IFN-alpha/beta, whereas monocytes/macrophages readily produce chemokines such as RANTES, MIP-1alpha, MCP-1, MCP-3, IP-10 and cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-18 and IFN-alpha/beta. |
| 209 | 11163659 | In this study, we used a plasmid encoding the Th1-promoting cytokine IL-18, since we observed that percutaneous infection of Balb/c mice strongly induced the production of IL-18 mRNA in the skin. |
| 210 | 11163659 | When the IL-18-encoding plasmid was codelivered with a S. mansoni glutathione S-transferase (Sm28GST)-encoding plasmid, a 30-fold increase of antigen-specific IFN-gamma secretion by spleen cells was observed in comparison to spleen cells from mice that had received only the Sm28GST-encoding plasmid. |
| 211 | 11163659 | In this study, we used a plasmid encoding the Th1-promoting cytokine IL-18, since we observed that percutaneous infection of Balb/c mice strongly induced the production of IL-18 mRNA in the skin. |
| 212 | 11163659 | When the IL-18-encoding plasmid was codelivered with a S. mansoni glutathione S-transferase (Sm28GST)-encoding plasmid, a 30-fold increase of antigen-specific IFN-gamma secretion by spleen cells was observed in comparison to spleen cells from mice that had received only the Sm28GST-encoding plasmid. |
| 213 | 11196691 | Cytokines such as IL-2, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 have been used to enhance CTL activity while IL-5, IL-6 and the chemokine MIP-1 alpha have shown the capacity to increase IgA responses to vaccines. |
| 214 | 11219497 | IL-18 is a novel cytokine that induces interferon (IFN)-gamma secretion and plays an important role in antitumor immunity. |
| 215 | 11219497 | The ability of the culture supernatants of mature IL-18 transfectants to induce IFN-gamma secretion was extremely high (40-140 pg/10(6) cells) in comparison to that of pro-IL-18 transfectants (4-18 pg/10(6) cells). |
| 216 | 11219497 | IL-18 is a novel cytokine that induces interferon (IFN)-gamma secretion and plays an important role in antitumor immunity. |
| 217 | 11219497 | The ability of the culture supernatants of mature IL-18 transfectants to induce IFN-gamma secretion was extremely high (40-140 pg/10(6) cells) in comparison to that of pro-IL-18 transfectants (4-18 pg/10(6) cells). |
| 218 | 11260329 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) was known to strongly induce IFN-gamma production by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 219 | 11282190 | Intramuscular injection of mixed DNA constructs encoding for HIV-1 Gag, Tat and Nef proteins, co-administered with the DNA encoding for interleukin-18 (IL-18) have been used. |
| 220 | 11282190 | It was demonstrated that at least two DNA immunizations were necessary to generate virus specific Th-1 responses detected by the presence of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and by the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, but not IL-4 and IL-10, in antigen-stimulated splenocyte cultures. |
| 221 | 11282190 | Interestingly, co-delivery of Th-1-inducing IL-18 gene was able to shorten by 2 weeks, the CTL induction time, and to increase the antigen-induced secretion of IL-2 and IFN-gamma. |
| 222 | 11282190 | Intramuscular injection of mixed DNA constructs encoding for HIV-1 Gag, Tat and Nef proteins, co-administered with the DNA encoding for interleukin-18 (IL-18) have been used. |
| 223 | 11282190 | It was demonstrated that at least two DNA immunizations were necessary to generate virus specific Th-1 responses detected by the presence of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and by the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, but not IL-4 and IL-10, in antigen-stimulated splenocyte cultures. |
| 224 | 11282190 | Interestingly, co-delivery of Th-1-inducing IL-18 gene was able to shorten by 2 weeks, the CTL induction time, and to increase the antigen-induced secretion of IL-2 and IFN-gamma. |
| 225 | 11300487 | More specifically, coimmunization with interleukin (IL)-2 cDNA construct resulted in a significant enhancement of PSA-specific antibody responses in both mice and macaque models. |
| 226 | 11300487 | In mice, the groups coimmunized with IL-2, IL-12, or IL-18 showed a dramatic increase in T helper cell proliferation over the results with pCPSA alone. |
| 227 | 11325600 | Influenza A virus infection results in the production of chemotactic (RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, MCP-1, MCP-3, and IP-10), pro-inflammatory (IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-alpha), and antiviral (IFN-alpha/beta) cytokines. |
| 228 | 11325600 | Cytokine gene expression is associated with the activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, STAT and IRF signal transducing molecules in influenza A virus-infected cells. |
| 229 | 11325600 | IFN-alpha/beta also prolongs T cell survival, upregulates IL-12 and IL-18 receptor gene expression and together with IL-18 stimulates NK and T cell IFN-gamma production and the development of Th1-type immune response. |
| 230 | 11325600 | Influenza A virus infection results in the production of chemotactic (RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, MCP-1, MCP-3, and IP-10), pro-inflammatory (IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-alpha), and antiviral (IFN-alpha/beta) cytokines. |
| 231 | 11325600 | Cytokine gene expression is associated with the activation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, STAT and IRF signal transducing molecules in influenza A virus-infected cells. |
| 232 | 11325600 | IFN-alpha/beta also prolongs T cell survival, upregulates IL-12 and IL-18 receptor gene expression and together with IL-18 stimulates NK and T cell IFN-gamma production and the development of Th1-type immune response. |
| 233 | 11325846 | Immunization with DC-E.G7 conjugates led to generation of T helper (Th) 1 cytokine-producing cells, antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells, and strong antitumor immunity that is dependent on both CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 234 | 11325846 | Interleukin 18 can be administrated using gene-transfected cells and enhances antitumor immunity, which is mainly mediated by IFN-gamma. |
| 235 | 11342616 | An IFN-gamma-dependent pathway controls stimulation of memory phenotype CD8+ T cell turnover in vivo by IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 236 | 11342616 | Previous studies showed that the turnover of memory phenotype CD8(+) (but not CD4(+)) cells in vivo can be considerably enhanced by products of infectious agents such as LPS. |
| 237 | 11342616 | Such stimulation is TCR independent and hinges on the release of type I IFNs (IFN-I) which leads to the production of an effector cytokine, probably IL-15. |
| 238 | 11342616 | In this study, we describe a second pathway of CD44(high) CD8(+) stimulation in vivo. |
| 239 | 11342616 | This pathway is IFN-gamma rather than IFN-I dependent and is mediated by at least three cytokines, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 240 | 11342616 | An IFN-gamma-dependent pathway controls stimulation of memory phenotype CD8+ T cell turnover in vivo by IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 241 | 11342616 | Previous studies showed that the turnover of memory phenotype CD8(+) (but not CD4(+)) cells in vivo can be considerably enhanced by products of infectious agents such as LPS. |
| 242 | 11342616 | Such stimulation is TCR independent and hinges on the release of type I IFNs (IFN-I) which leads to the production of an effector cytokine, probably IL-15. |
| 243 | 11342616 | In this study, we describe a second pathway of CD44(high) CD8(+) stimulation in vivo. |
| 244 | 11342616 | This pathway is IFN-gamma rather than IFN-I dependent and is mediated by at least three cytokines, IL-12, IL-18, and IFN-gamma. |
| 245 | 11448172 | Mice lacking the IFNAR1 chain of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR K/O mice) were immunized with a plasmid encoding glycoprotein C of pseudorabies virus (PRV-gC). |
| 246 | 11448172 | In contrast, IFNAR K/O mice showed a significantly lower IgG2a:IgG1 Ab ratio and IFN-gamma production. |
| 247 | 11448172 | In addition, the percentage of CD8(+) and B lymph-node cells expressing CD69 after PRV-gC DNA vaccination was lower in IFNAR K/O than in WT mice. |
| 248 | 11448172 | Codelivery of plasmids encoding IL-12 and IL-18 along with the plasmid encoding PRV-gC restored Th1 responses in IFNAR K/O mice. |
| 249 | 11457534 | Intramuscular injection of C57BL/6 mice with the pOVA/IL-18 DNA efficiently increased the production of both OVA-specific IFN-gamma and anti-OVA IgG2a isotype, compared with the injection with the pOVA DNA. |
| 250 | 11457534 | In addition, the pOVA/IL-18 was more efficient than a simple mixture of pOVA and pIL-18 in inducing antigen-specific, Th1 immune responses and in inhibiting OVA-specific, IL-4 production. |
| 251 | 11457534 | Intramuscular injection of C57BL/6 mice with the pOVA/IL-18 DNA efficiently increased the production of both OVA-specific IFN-gamma and anti-OVA IgG2a isotype, compared with the injection with the pOVA DNA. |
| 252 | 11457534 | In addition, the pOVA/IL-18 was more efficient than a simple mixture of pOVA and pIL-18 in inducing antigen-specific, Th1 immune responses and in inhibiting OVA-specific, IL-4 production. |
| 253 | 11507187 | Feline leukemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 254 | 11507187 | The genetic adjuvants were plasmids encoding the feline cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 255 | 11507187 | Kittens were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of the FeLV DNA vaccine alone or in combination with plasmids expressing IFN-gamma, IL-12, or both IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 256 | 11507187 | The vaccine consisting of FeLV DNA with the IL-12 and IL-18 genes conferred significant immunity, protecting completely against transient and persistent viremia, and in five of six kittens protecting against latent infection. |
| 257 | 11507187 | Feline leukemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 258 | 11507187 | The genetic adjuvants were plasmids encoding the feline cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 259 | 11507187 | Kittens were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of the FeLV DNA vaccine alone or in combination with plasmids expressing IFN-gamma, IL-12, or both IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 260 | 11507187 | The vaccine consisting of FeLV DNA with the IL-12 and IL-18 genes conferred significant immunity, protecting completely against transient and persistent viremia, and in five of six kittens protecting against latent infection. |
| 261 | 11507187 | Feline leukemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 262 | 11507187 | The genetic adjuvants were plasmids encoding the feline cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 263 | 11507187 | Kittens were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of the FeLV DNA vaccine alone or in combination with plasmids expressing IFN-gamma, IL-12, or both IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 264 | 11507187 | The vaccine consisting of FeLV DNA with the IL-12 and IL-18 genes conferred significant immunity, protecting completely against transient and persistent viremia, and in five of six kittens protecting against latent infection. |
| 265 | 11507187 | Feline leukemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 266 | 11507187 | The genetic adjuvants were plasmids encoding the feline cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 267 | 11507187 | Kittens were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of the FeLV DNA vaccine alone or in combination with plasmids expressing IFN-gamma, IL-12, or both IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 268 | 11507187 | The vaccine consisting of FeLV DNA with the IL-12 and IL-18 genes conferred significant immunity, protecting completely against transient and persistent viremia, and in five of six kittens protecting against latent infection. |
| 269 | 11515819 | An in vitro assay system was developed to assess the potency of the human innate immune system by measurement of IL-12, IL-18, IL-10 and IFNgamma in the supernatants of bacillus Calmette-Guerin cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS)-stimulated blood samples. |
| 270 | 11515819 | The following results were deduced from analyses of BCG-CWS-stimulated blood samples of lung cancer patients with reference to normal subjects. (1) The levels of production of IFNgamma and IL-10 by lymphocytes were decreased. (2) IL-12 p40 production by monocytes/Mphi was upregulated, while that of IL-10 was downregulated. (3) IL-18 was detected in all patients in a range similar to normal subjects. (4) Responses of lymphocytes to IL-2 and IL- 18 in terms of IFNgamma production were diminished. (5) The upregulated IL-12 levels were recovered to within the normal range in most patients after tumor resection. (6) Male patients showed more severe suppression of IL-12/IL-18-mediated IFNgamma production than female patients. |
| 271 | 11515819 | Thus, the lesser IFNgamma production observed in patients' blood with high IL-12 p40 levels in response to BCG-CWS may reflect the production of p40 dimers or IL-23 instead of p70, or the presence of some unknown pathways to prohibit the interface between the innate and acquired immune systems. |
| 272 | 11515819 | An in vitro assay system was developed to assess the potency of the human innate immune system by measurement of IL-12, IL-18, IL-10 and IFNgamma in the supernatants of bacillus Calmette-Guerin cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS)-stimulated blood samples. |
| 273 | 11515819 | The following results were deduced from analyses of BCG-CWS-stimulated blood samples of lung cancer patients with reference to normal subjects. (1) The levels of production of IFNgamma and IL-10 by lymphocytes were decreased. (2) IL-12 p40 production by monocytes/Mphi was upregulated, while that of IL-10 was downregulated. (3) IL-18 was detected in all patients in a range similar to normal subjects. (4) Responses of lymphocytes to IL-2 and IL- 18 in terms of IFNgamma production were diminished. (5) The upregulated IL-12 levels were recovered to within the normal range in most patients after tumor resection. (6) Male patients showed more severe suppression of IL-12/IL-18-mediated IFNgamma production than female patients. |
| 274 | 11515819 | Thus, the lesser IFNgamma production observed in patients' blood with high IL-12 p40 levels in response to BCG-CWS may reflect the production of p40 dimers or IL-23 instead of p70, or the presence of some unknown pathways to prohibit the interface between the innate and acquired immune systems. |
| 275 | 11673557 | We found that combinations of IL-1alpha plus IL-18, IL-1alpha plus IL-12, and IL-1alpha plus IL-12 plus GM-CSF each induced optimal splenocyte anti-HIV CTL responses in immunized mice (range 60-71% peptide-specific (51)Cr release). |
| 276 | 11673557 | Nasal immunization with HIV immunogen and IL-1alpha, IL-12, and GM-CSF also induced Ag-specific IFN-gamma-secreting cells in the draining cervical lymph node and the lung. |
| 277 | 11673557 | The use of IL-1alpha, IL-12, and GM-CSF as nasal adjuvants was associated with an increased expression of MHC class II and B7.1 on nonlymphocytes within the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue/nasal mucosa. |
| 278 | 11673557 | Thus, IL-1alpha, IL-12, IL-18, and GM-CSF are critical cytokines for the induction of systemic and mucosal CTL after nasal immunization. |
| 279 | 11673557 | We found that combinations of IL-1alpha plus IL-18, IL-1alpha plus IL-12, and IL-1alpha plus IL-12 plus GM-CSF each induced optimal splenocyte anti-HIV CTL responses in immunized mice (range 60-71% peptide-specific (51)Cr release). |
| 280 | 11673557 | Nasal immunization with HIV immunogen and IL-1alpha, IL-12, and GM-CSF also induced Ag-specific IFN-gamma-secreting cells in the draining cervical lymph node and the lung. |
| 281 | 11673557 | The use of IL-1alpha, IL-12, and GM-CSF as nasal adjuvants was associated with an increased expression of MHC class II and B7.1 on nonlymphocytes within the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue/nasal mucosa. |
| 282 | 11673557 | Thus, IL-1alpha, IL-12, IL-18, and GM-CSF are critical cytokines for the induction of systemic and mucosal CTL after nasal immunization. |
| 283 | 11752142 | Nasal immunization of BALB/c mice with 10 microg of an HIV env peptide immunogen with IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 on days 0, 7, 14, and 28 induced peak serum anti-HIV peptide immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgA titers of 1:131,072 and 1:7,131, respectively (P = 0.05 versus no adjuvant). |
| 284 | 11752142 | The adjuvant combination of IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 induced anti-HIV peptide IgA titers of 1:1,176, 1:7,131, and 1:4,705 in saliva, fecal extracts and vaginal lavage, respectively. |
| 285 | 11752142 | These results indicate that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 can replace CT as a mucosal adjuvant for antibody induction and are important candidates for use as mucosal adjuvants with HIV and other vaccines. |
| 286 | 11752142 | Nasal immunization of BALB/c mice with 10 microg of an HIV env peptide immunogen with IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 on days 0, 7, 14, and 28 induced peak serum anti-HIV peptide immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgA titers of 1:131,072 and 1:7,131, respectively (P = 0.05 versus no adjuvant). |
| 287 | 11752142 | The adjuvant combination of IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 induced anti-HIV peptide IgA titers of 1:1,176, 1:7,131, and 1:4,705 in saliva, fecal extracts and vaginal lavage, respectively. |
| 288 | 11752142 | These results indicate that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 can replace CT as a mucosal adjuvant for antibody induction and are important candidates for use as mucosal adjuvants with HIV and other vaccines. |
| 289 | 11752142 | Nasal immunization of BALB/c mice with 10 microg of an HIV env peptide immunogen with IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 on days 0, 7, 14, and 28 induced peak serum anti-HIV peptide immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgA titers of 1:131,072 and 1:7,131, respectively (P = 0.05 versus no adjuvant). |
| 290 | 11752142 | The adjuvant combination of IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 induced anti-HIV peptide IgA titers of 1:1,176, 1:7,131, and 1:4,705 in saliva, fecal extracts and vaginal lavage, respectively. |
| 291 | 11752142 | These results indicate that the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 can replace CT as a mucosal adjuvant for antibody induction and are important candidates for use as mucosal adjuvants with HIV and other vaccines. |
| 292 | 11826917 | Interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 are macrophage products that favor the development of Th1 type of protective immune response. |
| 293 | 11826917 | The production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, TGF-beta and IL-4 in response to M. tuberculosis may down regulate the immune response and limit tissue injury by inhibiting excessive inflammatory response. |
| 294 | 11858854 | To test the ability of these multi-gene vaccines to protect against two feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) isolates of differing virulence, cats were immunized using either DNA vaccine alone or co-administered with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and/or interleukin-18 (IL-18) cytokine DNA. |
| 295 | 11964842 | However, interleukin-18 has a limited role in protective immunity to Salmonella infections, and is secondary to the protective role of interleukin-12. |
| 296 | 11964842 | This lack of sensitivity to interleukin-18 may be in part related to the dependence on interleukin-12 for interleukin-18 receptor expression and to the nanomolar concentrations that are required. |
| 297 | 11964842 | However, interleukin-18 has a limited role in protective immunity to Salmonella infections, and is secondary to the protective role of interleukin-12. |
| 298 | 11964842 | This lack of sensitivity to interleukin-18 may be in part related to the dependence on interleukin-12 for interleukin-18 receptor expression and to the nanomolar concentrations that are required. |
| 299 | 11991752 | The cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 exert a variety of immune-regulatory functions including interferon (IFN)-gamma production and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activation. |
| 300 | 11991752 | The vaccine was engineered to secrete IL-12 and IL-18 by means of the EBV/lipoplex. |
| 301 | 11991752 | B16 cells were subcutaneously implanted into syngenic mice followed by repetitive immunization with irradiated B16 cells that had been transfected 3 days earlier by TFL2-3, a novel cationic lipid, with EBV-plasmid vectors encoding IL-12 and/or IL-18 genes (B16/mIL-12, B16/mIL-18, and B16/mIL-12+mIL-18). |
| 302 | 11991752 | The mice vaccinated with B16/mIL-12 underwent strong tumor suppression accompanied by a high IFN-gamma production. |
| 303 | 11991752 | Vaccination with B16/mIL-18 was not effective in suppressing tumors, whereas B16/mIL-12+mIL-18 showed comparable antitumor therapeutic validity as B16/mIL-12 did. |
| 304 | 11991752 | When IFN-gamma mutant (IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were treated, B16/mIL-12 vaccine did not show any therapeutic activity, suggesting the necessity of IFN-gamma in the anti-melanoma immune responses. |
| 305 | 11991752 | The cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 exert a variety of immune-regulatory functions including interferon (IFN)-gamma production and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activation. |
| 306 | 11991752 | The vaccine was engineered to secrete IL-12 and IL-18 by means of the EBV/lipoplex. |
| 307 | 11991752 | B16 cells were subcutaneously implanted into syngenic mice followed by repetitive immunization with irradiated B16 cells that had been transfected 3 days earlier by TFL2-3, a novel cationic lipid, with EBV-plasmid vectors encoding IL-12 and/or IL-18 genes (B16/mIL-12, B16/mIL-18, and B16/mIL-12+mIL-18). |
| 308 | 11991752 | The mice vaccinated with B16/mIL-12 underwent strong tumor suppression accompanied by a high IFN-gamma production. |
| 309 | 11991752 | Vaccination with B16/mIL-18 was not effective in suppressing tumors, whereas B16/mIL-12+mIL-18 showed comparable antitumor therapeutic validity as B16/mIL-12 did. |
| 310 | 11991752 | When IFN-gamma mutant (IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were treated, B16/mIL-12 vaccine did not show any therapeutic activity, suggesting the necessity of IFN-gamma in the anti-melanoma immune responses. |
| 311 | 11991752 | The cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 exert a variety of immune-regulatory functions including interferon (IFN)-gamma production and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activation. |
| 312 | 11991752 | The vaccine was engineered to secrete IL-12 and IL-18 by means of the EBV/lipoplex. |
| 313 | 11991752 | B16 cells were subcutaneously implanted into syngenic mice followed by repetitive immunization with irradiated B16 cells that had been transfected 3 days earlier by TFL2-3, a novel cationic lipid, with EBV-plasmid vectors encoding IL-12 and/or IL-18 genes (B16/mIL-12, B16/mIL-18, and B16/mIL-12+mIL-18). |
| 314 | 11991752 | The mice vaccinated with B16/mIL-12 underwent strong tumor suppression accompanied by a high IFN-gamma production. |
| 315 | 11991752 | Vaccination with B16/mIL-18 was not effective in suppressing tumors, whereas B16/mIL-12+mIL-18 showed comparable antitumor therapeutic validity as B16/mIL-12 did. |
| 316 | 11991752 | When IFN-gamma mutant (IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were treated, B16/mIL-12 vaccine did not show any therapeutic activity, suggesting the necessity of IFN-gamma in the anti-melanoma immune responses. |
| 317 | 11991752 | The cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 exert a variety of immune-regulatory functions including interferon (IFN)-gamma production and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) activation. |
| 318 | 11991752 | The vaccine was engineered to secrete IL-12 and IL-18 by means of the EBV/lipoplex. |
| 319 | 11991752 | B16 cells were subcutaneously implanted into syngenic mice followed by repetitive immunization with irradiated B16 cells that had been transfected 3 days earlier by TFL2-3, a novel cationic lipid, with EBV-plasmid vectors encoding IL-12 and/or IL-18 genes (B16/mIL-12, B16/mIL-18, and B16/mIL-12+mIL-18). |
| 320 | 11991752 | The mice vaccinated with B16/mIL-12 underwent strong tumor suppression accompanied by a high IFN-gamma production. |
| 321 | 11991752 | Vaccination with B16/mIL-18 was not effective in suppressing tumors, whereas B16/mIL-12+mIL-18 showed comparable antitumor therapeutic validity as B16/mIL-12 did. |
| 322 | 11991752 | When IFN-gamma mutant (IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were treated, B16/mIL-12 vaccine did not show any therapeutic activity, suggesting the necessity of IFN-gamma in the anti-melanoma immune responses. |
| 323 | 12067407 | Manipulation of immune responses to Mycobacterium bovis by vaccination with IL-2- and IL-18-secreting recombinant bacillus Calmette Guerin. |
| 324 | 12067407 | We demonstrated that the secretion of biologically active IL-2 (rBCG/IL-2),but not IL-18 (rBCG/IL-18), by BCG improves its ability to induce and maintain a strong type 1 immune response in BALB/c mice. rBCG/IL-2 induced significantly higher Ag-specific proliferative responses, high IFN-gamma production and serum titres of IgG2a 16 weeks after vaccination. |
| 325 | 12067407 | By comparison,vaccination with rBCG/IL-18 was found to induce significantly less IFN-gamma production in splenic lymphocytes than nBCG. |
| 326 | 12067407 | Manipulation of immune responses to Mycobacterium bovis by vaccination with IL-2- and IL-18-secreting recombinant bacillus Calmette Guerin. |
| 327 | 12067407 | We demonstrated that the secretion of biologically active IL-2 (rBCG/IL-2),but not IL-18 (rBCG/IL-18), by BCG improves its ability to induce and maintain a strong type 1 immune response in BALB/c mice. rBCG/IL-2 induced significantly higher Ag-specific proliferative responses, high IFN-gamma production and serum titres of IgG2a 16 weeks after vaccination. |
| 328 | 12067407 | By comparison,vaccination with rBCG/IL-18 was found to induce significantly less IFN-gamma production in splenic lymphocytes than nBCG. |
| 329 | 12067407 | Manipulation of immune responses to Mycobacterium bovis by vaccination with IL-2- and IL-18-secreting recombinant bacillus Calmette Guerin. |
| 330 | 12067407 | We demonstrated that the secretion of biologically active IL-2 (rBCG/IL-2),but not IL-18 (rBCG/IL-18), by BCG improves its ability to induce and maintain a strong type 1 immune response in BALB/c mice. rBCG/IL-2 induced significantly higher Ag-specific proliferative responses, high IFN-gamma production and serum titres of IgG2a 16 weeks after vaccination. |
| 331 | 12067407 | By comparison,vaccination with rBCG/IL-18 was found to induce significantly less IFN-gamma production in splenic lymphocytes than nBCG. |
| 332 | 12079487 | IL-12/IL-2 combination cytokine therapy for solid tumours: translation from bench to bedside. |
| 333 | 12079487 | Several cytokines have demonstrated unique activity in the preclinical setting, including IL-2 and IFN-alpha -inducing cytokines such as IL12 and IL18. |
| 334 | 12079487 | Several lines of evidence suggest that IL-12 and IL-2 provide complementary immunoregulatory signals and have now shown that in combination, these two cytokines mediate synergistic antitumour activity in preclinical tumour models. |
| 335 | 12079487 | This paper will review existing data regarding mechanisms of interaction between IL-2 and IL-12 in vitro and in preclinial models and describe future opportunities for the investigation of these potentially promising cytokines in the treatment of cancer. |
| 336 | 12121223 | Comparative affects of plasmid-encoded interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 on the protective efficacy of DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 337 | 12121223 | Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires the induction and maintenance of mycobacteria-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 338 | 12121223 | The development of Th1-like T cells is promoted by the early secretion and synergistic action of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. |
| 339 | 12121223 | This study compares the effects of plasmid-encoded IL-12 and IL-18 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine expressing the M. tuberculosis-secreted protein antigen 85B (DNA-85B). |
| 340 | 12121223 | Co-immunization with either IL-12- or IL-18-expressing plasmids augmented the IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell response, and the maximum effect was observed with plasmids encoding both cytokines. |
| 341 | 12121223 | Further the IL-12, but not the IL-18-expressing plasmid, significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85B against pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 342 | 12121223 | Comparative affects of plasmid-encoded interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 on the protective efficacy of DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 343 | 12121223 | Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires the induction and maintenance of mycobacteria-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 344 | 12121223 | The development of Th1-like T cells is promoted by the early secretion and synergistic action of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. |
| 345 | 12121223 | This study compares the effects of plasmid-encoded IL-12 and IL-18 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine expressing the M. tuberculosis-secreted protein antigen 85B (DNA-85B). |
| 346 | 12121223 | Co-immunization with either IL-12- or IL-18-expressing plasmids augmented the IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell response, and the maximum effect was observed with plasmids encoding both cytokines. |
| 347 | 12121223 | Further the IL-12, but not the IL-18-expressing plasmid, significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85B against pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 348 | 12121223 | Comparative affects of plasmid-encoded interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 on the protective efficacy of DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 349 | 12121223 | Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires the induction and maintenance of mycobacteria-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 350 | 12121223 | The development of Th1-like T cells is promoted by the early secretion and synergistic action of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. |
| 351 | 12121223 | This study compares the effects of plasmid-encoded IL-12 and IL-18 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine expressing the M. tuberculosis-secreted protein antigen 85B (DNA-85B). |
| 352 | 12121223 | Co-immunization with either IL-12- or IL-18-expressing plasmids augmented the IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell response, and the maximum effect was observed with plasmids encoding both cytokines. |
| 353 | 12121223 | Further the IL-12, but not the IL-18-expressing plasmid, significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85B against pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 354 | 12121223 | Comparative affects of plasmid-encoded interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 on the protective efficacy of DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 355 | 12121223 | Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires the induction and maintenance of mycobacteria-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 356 | 12121223 | The development of Th1-like T cells is promoted by the early secretion and synergistic action of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. |
| 357 | 12121223 | This study compares the effects of plasmid-encoded IL-12 and IL-18 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine expressing the M. tuberculosis-secreted protein antigen 85B (DNA-85B). |
| 358 | 12121223 | Co-immunization with either IL-12- or IL-18-expressing plasmids augmented the IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell response, and the maximum effect was observed with plasmids encoding both cytokines. |
| 359 | 12121223 | Further the IL-12, but not the IL-18-expressing plasmid, significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85B against pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 360 | 12121223 | Comparative affects of plasmid-encoded interleukin 12 and interleukin 18 on the protective efficacy of DNA vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| 361 | 12121223 | Protective immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires the induction and maintenance of mycobacteria-specific, IFN-gamma-secreting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. |
| 362 | 12121223 | The development of Th1-like T cells is promoted by the early secretion and synergistic action of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18. |
| 363 | 12121223 | This study compares the effects of plasmid-encoded IL-12 and IL-18 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine expressing the M. tuberculosis-secreted protein antigen 85B (DNA-85B). |
| 364 | 12121223 | Co-immunization with either IL-12- or IL-18-expressing plasmids augmented the IFN-gamma-secreting T-cell response, and the maximum effect was observed with plasmids encoding both cytokines. |
| 365 | 12121223 | Further the IL-12, but not the IL-18-expressing plasmid, significantly increased the protective efficacy of DNA-85B against pulmonary M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 366 | 12193724 | Clearance of facultative intracellular pathogens such as Salmonella requires IFN-gamma from CD4 T cells. |
| 367 | 12193724 | Even transient attenuation of Ag presentation early during infection specifically abrogates the IFN-gamma component of the resulting CD4 T cell response. |
| 368 | 12193724 | Furthermore, macrophages from IL-4-null mice secrete high levels of both IL-12 and IL-18 in response to stimulation in vivo even with dead bacteria, but this does not lead to induction of IFN-gamma-secreting T cells in response to immunization with dead S. typhimurium. |
| 369 | 12193724 | Early IL-4 is contributed by triggering of CD4 NK T cells by dead, but not live, bacteria. |
| 370 | 12193724 | Thus, Ag presentation-related IL-12-independent events and IL-4-sensitive IL-12-dependent events play crucial complementary roles in the generation of the IFN-gamma-committed CD4 T cell component of the immune response in Salmonella infection. |
| 371 | 12396728 | Exogenous IL-18 was able to induce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in the peripheral blood of 1-day-old piglets, whereas concanavalin A (ConA) was not able to induce IFN-gamma in the same condition. |
| 372 | 12502811 | The CpG ODN-induced protection was associated with a rapid production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, and RANTES in the genital tract mucosa following CpG ODN treatment. |
| 373 | 12502811 | The observed protection appeared to be dependent on IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-18, and T cells, as CpG ODN pretreatment did not confer any significant protection in mice deficient in IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-18, or T cells. |
| 374 | 12502811 | The CpG ODN-induced protection was associated with a rapid production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-18, and RANTES in the genital tract mucosa following CpG ODN treatment. |
| 375 | 12502811 | The observed protection appeared to be dependent on IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-18, and T cells, as CpG ODN pretreatment did not confer any significant protection in mice deficient in IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-18, or T cells. |
| 376 | 12522051 | Fifteen human cytokines (interleukin 1alpha [IL-1alpha], IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-18, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) were validated with a panel of healthy individuals, rheumatoid arthritis patients, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients. |
| 377 | 12531363 | Plasmids encoding mouse IL-4 and IL-18 under cytomegalovirus promoter were constructed and transformed into live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strain CVD 908-htrA, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain SL3261. |
| 378 | 12540559 | We here report that BALB/c interleukin-4 knockout (IL-4(-/-)) mice are weakly overcolonized compared to the wt strain but that the IL-12(-/-) knockout results in a strong overcolonization (500%). |
| 379 | 12540559 | The IL-4(-/-) mutation caused a 50% reduction and the IL-12(-/-) knockout caused a 95% reduction compared to the wt colonization rate. |
| 380 | 12540559 | For C57BL/6J mice we further analyzed the IL-18(-/-) and Toll-like receptor 2 knockout mutations, which showed reductions to 66 and 57%, respectively, whereas mice with the IL-10(-/-) phenotype were hardly infected at all (5%). |
| 381 | 12540559 | In contrast, the tumor necrosis factor receptor knockout (p55(-/-) and p55/75(-/-)) mice showed an overcolonization compared to the C57BL/6J wt strain. |
| 382 | 12540559 | With exception of the low-level infected C57BL/6J IL-10(-/-) and IL-12(-/-) knockout mice, all knockout mutants were accessible to a prophylactic vaccination and their vaccination behavior was comparable to that of the wt strains. |
| 383 | 12621087 | BALB/c mice were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) DNA vaccine alone or in combination with a plasmid expressing mature IL-18 peptide. |
| 384 | 12621087 | Both the serum IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and T helper 1-type (Th1) cytokines [IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma] were increased significantly by the co-injection of the IL-18 plasmid compared with the injection of gD DNA alone. |
| 385 | 12621087 | However, the production of IL-10 was inhibited by IL-18 plasmid co-injection. |
| 386 | 12621087 | BALB/c mice were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) DNA vaccine alone or in combination with a plasmid expressing mature IL-18 peptide. |
| 387 | 12621087 | Both the serum IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and T helper 1-type (Th1) cytokines [IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma] were increased significantly by the co-injection of the IL-18 plasmid compared with the injection of gD DNA alone. |
| 388 | 12621087 | However, the production of IL-10 was inhibited by IL-18 plasmid co-injection. |
| 389 | 12621087 | BALB/c mice were immunized by three intramuscular inoculations of HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) DNA vaccine alone or in combination with a plasmid expressing mature IL-18 peptide. |
| 390 | 12621087 | Both the serum IgG2a/IgG1 ratio and T helper 1-type (Th1) cytokines [IL-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma] were increased significantly by the co-injection of the IL-18 plasmid compared with the injection of gD DNA alone. |
| 391 | 12621087 | However, the production of IL-10 was inhibited by IL-18 plasmid co-injection. |
| 392 | 12632339 | Synergistic interleukin-18 and low-dose interleukin-2 promote regression of established murine neuroblastoma in vivo. |
| 393 | 12648844 | Production of IL-12 and IL-18 in human dendritic cells upon infection by Listeria monocytogenes. |
| 394 | 12648844 | In contrast treatment with purified listerial LTA yielded high levels of IL-18 release, but only minimal IL-12 production. |
| 395 | 12648844 | Treatment of DCs with LPS conversely induced significant amounts of IL-12 production, but no IL-18. |
| 396 | 12648844 | The release of both stimulating cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 upon infection with entire bacteria suggests that attenuated strains of L. monocytogenes may be a valuable tool for subunit vaccine delivery. |
| 397 | 12648844 | Production of IL-12 and IL-18 in human dendritic cells upon infection by Listeria monocytogenes. |
| 398 | 12648844 | In contrast treatment with purified listerial LTA yielded high levels of IL-18 release, but only minimal IL-12 production. |
| 399 | 12648844 | Treatment of DCs with LPS conversely induced significant amounts of IL-12 production, but no IL-18. |
| 400 | 12648844 | The release of both stimulating cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 upon infection with entire bacteria suggests that attenuated strains of L. monocytogenes may be a valuable tool for subunit vaccine delivery. |
| 401 | 12648844 | Production of IL-12 and IL-18 in human dendritic cells upon infection by Listeria monocytogenes. |
| 402 | 12648844 | In contrast treatment with purified listerial LTA yielded high levels of IL-18 release, but only minimal IL-12 production. |
| 403 | 12648844 | Treatment of DCs with LPS conversely induced significant amounts of IL-12 production, but no IL-18. |
| 404 | 12648844 | The release of both stimulating cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 upon infection with entire bacteria suggests that attenuated strains of L. monocytogenes may be a valuable tool for subunit vaccine delivery. |
| 405 | 12648844 | Production of IL-12 and IL-18 in human dendritic cells upon infection by Listeria monocytogenes. |
| 406 | 12648844 | In contrast treatment with purified listerial LTA yielded high levels of IL-18 release, but only minimal IL-12 production. |
| 407 | 12648844 | Treatment of DCs with LPS conversely induced significant amounts of IL-12 production, but no IL-18. |
| 408 | 12648844 | The release of both stimulating cytokines IL-12 and IL-18 upon infection with entire bacteria suggests that attenuated strains of L. monocytogenes may be a valuable tool for subunit vaccine delivery. |
| 409 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 410 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 411 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 412 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 413 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 414 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 415 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 416 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 417 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 418 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 419 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 420 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 421 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 422 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 423 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 424 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 425 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 426 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 427 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 428 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 429 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 430 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 431 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 432 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 433 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 434 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 435 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 436 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 437 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 438 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 439 | 12650765 | The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. |
| 440 | 12650765 | To further improve this protocol of immunization, here we investigated whether the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 could enhance protection against L. major infection in BALB/c mice. |
| 441 | 12650765 | We found that priming with DNA vectors expressing p36/LACK and either IL-12 or IL-18, followed by a booster with a VV recombinant expressing the same L. infantum LACK antigen, elicit a higher cellular immune response than by using the same protocol in the absence of the cytokines. |
| 442 | 12650765 | The cytokine IL-12 triggered a higher number of IFN-gamma-secreting cells specific for p36 protein than IL-18. |
| 443 | 12650765 | When immunized animals were challenged with promastigotes, the highest protection against L. major infection was observed in animals primed with DNAp36 + DNA IL-12 + DNA IL-18 and boosted with VVp36. |
| 444 | 12650765 | Our findings revealed that in prime/booster protocols, co-expressing IL-12 and IL-18 during priming is an efficient approach to protect against leishmaniasis. |
| 445 | 12654794 | Both YadA- and Irp-1-deficient Yersinia mutants were still attenuated in IL-12(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) mice but were pathogenic in TNFRp55(-/-) mice. |
| 446 | 12668155 | Functional abolishment of any one of these cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, GMCSF, TNF-alpha, or IFN-alpha, except IL-10) by neutralizing antibodies leads to reduced IFN-gamma production (19-82% inhibition in mouse and 44-77% inhibition in human systems, respectively). |
| 447 | 12668155 | In mice cytokines IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and GMCSF are observed to synergize with BCG for IFN-gamma production, whereas in human cytokines IL-2, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and IFN-alpha exhibit similar synergistic effects. |
| 448 | 12668155 | Rational combinations of these Th1-stimulating cytokines (IL-12 plus IL-18 in mice and IL-2 plus IL-12 in humans, respectively) dramatically up-regulate IFN-gamma production that is incomparably superior to BCG for induction of this cytokine. |
| 449 | 12668155 | Functional abolishment of any one of these cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, GMCSF, TNF-alpha, or IFN-alpha, except IL-10) by neutralizing antibodies leads to reduced IFN-gamma production (19-82% inhibition in mouse and 44-77% inhibition in human systems, respectively). |
| 450 | 12668155 | In mice cytokines IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and GMCSF are observed to synergize with BCG for IFN-gamma production, whereas in human cytokines IL-2, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and IFN-alpha exhibit similar synergistic effects. |
| 451 | 12668155 | Rational combinations of these Th1-stimulating cytokines (IL-12 plus IL-18 in mice and IL-2 plus IL-12 in humans, respectively) dramatically up-regulate IFN-gamma production that is incomparably superior to BCG for induction of this cytokine. |
| 452 | 12668155 | Functional abolishment of any one of these cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, GMCSF, TNF-alpha, or IFN-alpha, except IL-10) by neutralizing antibodies leads to reduced IFN-gamma production (19-82% inhibition in mouse and 44-77% inhibition in human systems, respectively). |
| 453 | 12668155 | In mice cytokines IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, and GMCSF are observed to synergize with BCG for IFN-gamma production, whereas in human cytokines IL-2, IL-12, TNF-alpha, and IFN-alpha exhibit similar synergistic effects. |
| 454 | 12668155 | Rational combinations of these Th1-stimulating cytokines (IL-12 plus IL-18 in mice and IL-2 plus IL-12 in humans, respectively) dramatically up-regulate IFN-gamma production that is incomparably superior to BCG for induction of this cytokine. |
| 455 | 12683337 | The single deletion of IFN-gamma or TNF alpha resulted in a severe lesion of multiple necrosis without granuloma, and cytokine mRNA level other than knocked out cytokine was normal, suggesting that IFN-gamma and TNF alpha are principally important cytokines. |
| 456 | 12683337 | In knockout mice for IL-12 or IL-18, necrotic lesion was not induced after infection and the pathological change was not so significant as in IFN-gamma/TNF alpha knockout mice. |
| 457 | 12683337 | By using IL-12, IL-18 knockout mice or double knockout mice, it was shown that IL-12 exhibits more important role than IL-18 in the protection. |
| 458 | 12683337 | In most of the clinical cases of tuberculosis, the production of IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-gamma is increased, however, the group of relatively lower cytokine production did not respond well to the treatment. |
| 459 | 12683337 | As immunizing antigens, a-Ag, ESAT-6, HSP65, 38kD-lipoprotein and so on have been employed. |
| 460 | 12683337 | The single deletion of IFN-gamma or TNF alpha resulted in a severe lesion of multiple necrosis without granuloma, and cytokine mRNA level other than knocked out cytokine was normal, suggesting that IFN-gamma and TNF alpha are principally important cytokines. |
| 461 | 12683337 | In knockout mice for IL-12 or IL-18, necrotic lesion was not induced after infection and the pathological change was not so significant as in IFN-gamma/TNF alpha knockout mice. |
| 462 | 12683337 | By using IL-12, IL-18 knockout mice or double knockout mice, it was shown that IL-12 exhibits more important role than IL-18 in the protection. |
| 463 | 12683337 | In most of the clinical cases of tuberculosis, the production of IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-gamma is increased, however, the group of relatively lower cytokine production did not respond well to the treatment. |
| 464 | 12683337 | As immunizing antigens, a-Ag, ESAT-6, HSP65, 38kD-lipoprotein and so on have been employed. |
| 465 | 12683337 | The single deletion of IFN-gamma or TNF alpha resulted in a severe lesion of multiple necrosis without granuloma, and cytokine mRNA level other than knocked out cytokine was normal, suggesting that IFN-gamma and TNF alpha are principally important cytokines. |
| 466 | 12683337 | In knockout mice for IL-12 or IL-18, necrotic lesion was not induced after infection and the pathological change was not so significant as in IFN-gamma/TNF alpha knockout mice. |
| 467 | 12683337 | By using IL-12, IL-18 knockout mice or double knockout mice, it was shown that IL-12 exhibits more important role than IL-18 in the protection. |
| 468 | 12683337 | In most of the clinical cases of tuberculosis, the production of IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-gamma is increased, however, the group of relatively lower cytokine production did not respond well to the treatment. |
| 469 | 12683337 | As immunizing antigens, a-Ag, ESAT-6, HSP65, 38kD-lipoprotein and so on have been employed. |
| 470 | 12787733 | Our results show that the coadministration of plasmid DNA encoding IL-12 or IL-18 along with glycoprotein B (gB) DNA improves immune induction. |
| 471 | 12810878 | This study shows that inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (Orf virus), strain D1701 (PPVO), induces an autoregulatory cytokine response that involves the upregulation of IL-12, IL-18, IFN-gamma and other T helper 1-type cytokines and their subsequent downregulation, which is accompanied by induction of IL-4. |
| 472 | 12810878 | PPVO induces IL-12, TNF-alpha and, together with a suboptimal concentration of Concanavalin A, IFN-gamma in human peripheral blood leukocytes as well. |
| 473 | 12850812 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhances immune responses by inducing the proliferation, maturation, and migration of dendritic cells, and the expansion and differentiation of B and T lymphocytes. |
| 474 | 12850812 | The early response was characterized by high levels of inflammatory molecules, including IL-1beta, IL-6, TNFalpha, RANTES, MIP-1alpha and MCP-1, later followed by expression of precursor Th1 cytokines, IL-12 and IL-18, concomitant with IFNgamma production. |
| 475 | 12857959 | Growth of primary s.c. tumor and dissemination of pulmonary metastases was markedly suppressed by this oral DNA vaccine, carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, encoding murine Fos-related antigen 1, fused with mutant polyubiquitin, and cotransformed with secretory murine IL-18. |
| 476 | 12857959 | Markedly increased specific target cell lysis was mediated by both MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells isolated from splenocytes of vaccinated mice, including a significant release of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2. |
| 477 | 12922098 | Co-injection of Hsp65 DNA with IL-12 or GM-CSF led to an increase in IFN-gamma production and represented potent protections against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge, while that with Eta-1, IL-12 or IL-18 gene led to an elevated IgG2a/IgG1 ratio. |
| 478 | 12937899 | To improve the antitumor effect of DC vaccine, Th1-biasing cytokine interleukin (IL) 18 and melanoma-associated antigen gp100 were cotransfected into bone marrow-derived DC (IL-18/gp100-DC), which were used as vaccine to induce the protective and therapeutic immunity in a B16 melanoma model. |
| 479 | 12937899 | Immunization with IL-18/gp100-DC resulted in tumor resistance in 87.5% of the mice challenged with B16 cells; however, 12.5% and 25% of mice immunized with gp100 gene-modified DC (gp100-DC) or IL-18 gene-modified DC (IL-18-DC) were tumor free, respectively. |
| 480 | 12937899 | Immune cell depletion experiments identified that CD4(+) T cells also played an important role in the priming phase of antitumor immunity and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were the primary effectors. gp100-specific CTL response were induced most markedly in the tumor-bearing mice immunized with IL-18/gp100-DC. |
| 481 | 12937899 | Administration with such vaccine also significantly increased the production of Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and interferon-gamma) and induced infiltration of inflammatory cells inside and around the tumors. |
| 482 | 12937899 | These results indicate that immunization with DC vaccine coexpressing Th1 cytokine IL-18 and tumor antigen gene may be an effective strategy for a successful therapeutic vaccination. |
| 483 | 12937899 | To improve the antitumor effect of DC vaccine, Th1-biasing cytokine interleukin (IL) 18 and melanoma-associated antigen gp100 were cotransfected into bone marrow-derived DC (IL-18/gp100-DC), which were used as vaccine to induce the protective and therapeutic immunity in a B16 melanoma model. |
| 484 | 12937899 | Immunization with IL-18/gp100-DC resulted in tumor resistance in 87.5% of the mice challenged with B16 cells; however, 12.5% and 25% of mice immunized with gp100 gene-modified DC (gp100-DC) or IL-18 gene-modified DC (IL-18-DC) were tumor free, respectively. |
| 485 | 12937899 | Immune cell depletion experiments identified that CD4(+) T cells also played an important role in the priming phase of antitumor immunity and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were the primary effectors. gp100-specific CTL response were induced most markedly in the tumor-bearing mice immunized with IL-18/gp100-DC. |
| 486 | 12937899 | Administration with such vaccine also significantly increased the production of Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and interferon-gamma) and induced infiltration of inflammatory cells inside and around the tumors. |
| 487 | 12937899 | These results indicate that immunization with DC vaccine coexpressing Th1 cytokine IL-18 and tumor antigen gene may be an effective strategy for a successful therapeutic vaccination. |
| 488 | 12937899 | To improve the antitumor effect of DC vaccine, Th1-biasing cytokine interleukin (IL) 18 and melanoma-associated antigen gp100 were cotransfected into bone marrow-derived DC (IL-18/gp100-DC), which were used as vaccine to induce the protective and therapeutic immunity in a B16 melanoma model. |
| 489 | 12937899 | Immunization with IL-18/gp100-DC resulted in tumor resistance in 87.5% of the mice challenged with B16 cells; however, 12.5% and 25% of mice immunized with gp100 gene-modified DC (gp100-DC) or IL-18 gene-modified DC (IL-18-DC) were tumor free, respectively. |
| 490 | 12937899 | Immune cell depletion experiments identified that CD4(+) T cells also played an important role in the priming phase of antitumor immunity and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were the primary effectors. gp100-specific CTL response were induced most markedly in the tumor-bearing mice immunized with IL-18/gp100-DC. |
| 491 | 12937899 | Administration with such vaccine also significantly increased the production of Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and interferon-gamma) and induced infiltration of inflammatory cells inside and around the tumors. |
| 492 | 12937899 | These results indicate that immunization with DC vaccine coexpressing Th1 cytokine IL-18 and tumor antigen gene may be an effective strategy for a successful therapeutic vaccination. |
| 493 | 12937899 | To improve the antitumor effect of DC vaccine, Th1-biasing cytokine interleukin (IL) 18 and melanoma-associated antigen gp100 were cotransfected into bone marrow-derived DC (IL-18/gp100-DC), which were used as vaccine to induce the protective and therapeutic immunity in a B16 melanoma model. |
| 494 | 12937899 | Immunization with IL-18/gp100-DC resulted in tumor resistance in 87.5% of the mice challenged with B16 cells; however, 12.5% and 25% of mice immunized with gp100 gene-modified DC (gp100-DC) or IL-18 gene-modified DC (IL-18-DC) were tumor free, respectively. |
| 495 | 12937899 | Immune cell depletion experiments identified that CD4(+) T cells also played an important role in the priming phase of antitumor immunity and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were the primary effectors. gp100-specific CTL response were induced most markedly in the tumor-bearing mice immunized with IL-18/gp100-DC. |
| 496 | 12937899 | Administration with such vaccine also significantly increased the production of Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and interferon-gamma) and induced infiltration of inflammatory cells inside and around the tumors. |
| 497 | 12937899 | These results indicate that immunization with DC vaccine coexpressing Th1 cytokine IL-18 and tumor antigen gene may be an effective strategy for a successful therapeutic vaccination. |
| 498 | 14615579 | IL-18, an inducer of IFN-gamma in T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, may contribute to the disease because cells from lpr mice are hypersensitive to IL-18 and express high levels of IL-18. |
| 499 | 14615579 | Vaccinated mice produced autoantibodies to murine IL-18 and exhibited a significant reduction in spontaneous lymphoproliferation and IFN-gamma production as well as less glomerulonephritis and renal damage. |
| 500 | 14615579 | IL-18, an inducer of IFN-gamma in T lymphocytes and natural killer cells, may contribute to the disease because cells from lpr mice are hypersensitive to IL-18 and express high levels of IL-18. |
| 501 | 14615579 | Vaccinated mice produced autoantibodies to murine IL-18 and exhibited a significant reduction in spontaneous lymphoproliferation and IFN-gamma production as well as less glomerulonephritis and renal damage. |
| 502 | 14670321 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is known to strongly induce IFN-gamma production by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 503 | 14670321 | Furthermore, lung cells in mice injected with the 3T3/IL-18 cells showed persistent production of IFN-gamma throughout the 8-week period, suggesting that the 3T3/IL-18 cells induced the resistance to MAC infection via IFN-gamma production. |
| 504 | 14670321 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is known to strongly induce IFN-gamma production by T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. |
| 505 | 14670321 | Furthermore, lung cells in mice injected with the 3T3/IL-18 cells showed persistent production of IFN-gamma throughout the 8-week period, suggesting that the 3T3/IL-18 cells induced the resistance to MAC infection via IFN-gamma production. |
| 506 | 14734758 | Distinct modulatory effects of LPS and CpG on IL-18-dependent IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 507 | 14734758 | C3H/HeN mice pretreated with LPS for 2 days generated 5-fold less circulating IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma in response to subsequent LPS challenge than did challenged control mice. |
| 508 | 14734758 | In contrast, CpG-pretreated mice produced 10-fold more circulating IFN-gamma without similar changes in IL-12 p70 levels, but with 10-fold increases in serum IL-18 relative to LPS-challenged control or endotoxin-tolerant mice. |
| 509 | 14734758 | Finally, combined pretreatment of mice with LPS and CpG suppressed the production of circulating IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and IL-18 after subsequent LPS challenge. |
| 510 | 14734758 | We conclude that CpG potentiates innate IFN-gamma production from NK cells by increasing IL-18 availability, but that the suppressive effects of LPS on innate cellular immunity dominate during combined LPS and CpG pretreatment. |
| 511 | 14734758 | Distinct modulatory effects of LPS and CpG on IL-18-dependent IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 512 | 14734758 | C3H/HeN mice pretreated with LPS for 2 days generated 5-fold less circulating IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma in response to subsequent LPS challenge than did challenged control mice. |
| 513 | 14734758 | In contrast, CpG-pretreated mice produced 10-fold more circulating IFN-gamma without similar changes in IL-12 p70 levels, but with 10-fold increases in serum IL-18 relative to LPS-challenged control or endotoxin-tolerant mice. |
| 514 | 14734758 | Finally, combined pretreatment of mice with LPS and CpG suppressed the production of circulating IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and IL-18 after subsequent LPS challenge. |
| 515 | 14734758 | We conclude that CpG potentiates innate IFN-gamma production from NK cells by increasing IL-18 availability, but that the suppressive effects of LPS on innate cellular immunity dominate during combined LPS and CpG pretreatment. |
| 516 | 14734758 | Distinct modulatory effects of LPS and CpG on IL-18-dependent IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 517 | 14734758 | C3H/HeN mice pretreated with LPS for 2 days generated 5-fold less circulating IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma in response to subsequent LPS challenge than did challenged control mice. |
| 518 | 14734758 | In contrast, CpG-pretreated mice produced 10-fold more circulating IFN-gamma without similar changes in IL-12 p70 levels, but with 10-fold increases in serum IL-18 relative to LPS-challenged control or endotoxin-tolerant mice. |
| 519 | 14734758 | Finally, combined pretreatment of mice with LPS and CpG suppressed the production of circulating IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and IL-18 after subsequent LPS challenge. |
| 520 | 14734758 | We conclude that CpG potentiates innate IFN-gamma production from NK cells by increasing IL-18 availability, but that the suppressive effects of LPS on innate cellular immunity dominate during combined LPS and CpG pretreatment. |
| 521 | 14734758 | Distinct modulatory effects of LPS and CpG on IL-18-dependent IFN-gamma synthesis. |
| 522 | 14734758 | C3H/HeN mice pretreated with LPS for 2 days generated 5-fold less circulating IL-12 p70 and IFN-gamma in response to subsequent LPS challenge than did challenged control mice. |
| 523 | 14734758 | In contrast, CpG-pretreated mice produced 10-fold more circulating IFN-gamma without similar changes in IL-12 p70 levels, but with 10-fold increases in serum IL-18 relative to LPS-challenged control or endotoxin-tolerant mice. |
| 524 | 14734758 | Finally, combined pretreatment of mice with LPS and CpG suppressed the production of circulating IFN-gamma, IL-12 p70, and IL-18 after subsequent LPS challenge. |
| 525 | 14734758 | We conclude that CpG potentiates innate IFN-gamma production from NK cells by increasing IL-18 availability, but that the suppressive effects of LPS on innate cellular immunity dominate during combined LPS and CpG pretreatment. |
| 526 | 15013994 | Three ophthalmic sponges, Weck-Cel, Ultracell, and Merocel, were loaded in vitro with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), immunoglobulin A (IgA), or IgG, and sponges were extracted and evaluated for total recovery by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 527 | 15013994 | There was excellent (>75%) recovery for all immune markers from all three devices except for IL-6, which was poorly recovered (<60%) for all sponge types, IFN-gamma, which was poorly recovered from both Weck-Cel and Ultracell sponges but was completely recovered from Merocel sponges, and IL-4, which was poorly recovered from Weck-Cel sponges but was completely recovered from Ultracell or Merocel sponges. |
| 528 | 15013994 | We then compared the absolute recovery of selected markers (IL-10, IL-12, IgG, and IgA) from cervical secretion specimens collected from women using each type of sponge. |
| 529 | 15013994 | There were no significant differences in the recoveries of IL-10, IL-12, and IgG from cervical specimens collected by any type of ophthalmic sponge, but there was reduced IgA recovery from Merocel sponges. |
| 530 | 15013994 | We infer from our data that the three collection devices are adequate for the measurements of IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IgG. |
| 531 | 15013994 | Merocel may be a better ophthalmic sponge for the collection of cervical secretions and measurements of IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, and IFN-gamma, but our data from clinical specimens, not in vitro-loaded sponges, suggested the possibility of reduced recovery of IgA. |
| 532 | 15013994 | Three ophthalmic sponges, Weck-Cel, Ultracell, and Merocel, were loaded in vitro with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), immunoglobulin A (IgA), or IgG, and sponges were extracted and evaluated for total recovery by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 533 | 15013994 | There was excellent (>75%) recovery for all immune markers from all three devices except for IL-6, which was poorly recovered (<60%) for all sponge types, IFN-gamma, which was poorly recovered from both Weck-Cel and Ultracell sponges but was completely recovered from Merocel sponges, and IL-4, which was poorly recovered from Weck-Cel sponges but was completely recovered from Ultracell or Merocel sponges. |
| 534 | 15013994 | We then compared the absolute recovery of selected markers (IL-10, IL-12, IgG, and IgA) from cervical secretion specimens collected from women using each type of sponge. |
| 535 | 15013994 | There were no significant differences in the recoveries of IL-10, IL-12, and IgG from cervical specimens collected by any type of ophthalmic sponge, but there was reduced IgA recovery from Merocel sponges. |
| 536 | 15013994 | We infer from our data that the three collection devices are adequate for the measurements of IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IgG. |
| 537 | 15013994 | Merocel may be a better ophthalmic sponge for the collection of cervical secretions and measurements of IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSF, and IFN-gamma, but our data from clinical specimens, not in vitro-loaded sponges, suggested the possibility of reduced recovery of IgA. |
| 538 | 15121297 | Acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection: IL-12, IL-18, TNF, sTNFR and NO in T. rangeli-vaccinated mice. |
| 539 | 15121297 | The aim of the present work was to complete our previous study on the production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 in this vaccination model by investigating the production of IL-12p35 and p40, IL-18, TNF, TNF soluble receptors (sTNFR), and nitric oxide (NO), factors known to play a key role in the outcome of T. cruzi infection. |
| 540 | 15121297 | Acute Trypanosoma cruzi infection: IL-12, IL-18, TNF, sTNFR and NO in T. rangeli-vaccinated mice. |
| 541 | 15121297 | The aim of the present work was to complete our previous study on the production of IFN-gamma and IL-10 in this vaccination model by investigating the production of IL-12p35 and p40, IL-18, TNF, TNF soluble receptors (sTNFR), and nitric oxide (NO), factors known to play a key role in the outcome of T. cruzi infection. |
| 542 | 15185348 | Modulation by factors that affect T-cell function or hematopoiesis, including interleukin-12, interleukin-15, interleukin-18, interleukin-23, Eta-1, Flt3L and GM-CSF, was studied in the forms of monocistronic and bicistronic plasmid. |
| 543 | 15185348 | Our results demonstrated that vaccination of pHM could induce successful antitumor immunity against Her-2/neu-expressing murine tumor cells in BALB/c mice. |
| 544 | 15185348 | In particular, coexpression of interleukin-18 or GM-CSF with Her-2/neu increased antitumor activity in both preventive and therapeutic experiments. |
| 545 | 15185348 | Modulation by factors that affect T-cell function or hematopoiesis, including interleukin-12, interleukin-15, interleukin-18, interleukin-23, Eta-1, Flt3L and GM-CSF, was studied in the forms of monocistronic and bicistronic plasmid. |
| 546 | 15185348 | Our results demonstrated that vaccination of pHM could induce successful antitumor immunity against Her-2/neu-expressing murine tumor cells in BALB/c mice. |
| 547 | 15185348 | In particular, coexpression of interleukin-18 or GM-CSF with Her-2/neu increased antitumor activity in both preventive and therapeutic experiments. |
| 548 | 15193380 | CD8(+) T cells with OVA-specific cytotoxic activities were predominant in mice immunized with the IL-18/B7.1-transfected fibroblasts. |
| 549 | 15193380 | Anti-tumor CTL immunity by the IL-18/B7.1-transfected fibroblasts could be induced without the help of host antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and NK1.1(+) cells, whereas partially decreased by the depletion of CD4(+) T cells at the inductive stage. |
| 550 | 15193380 | CD8(+) T cells with OVA-specific cytotoxic activities were predominant in mice immunized with the IL-18/B7.1-transfected fibroblasts. |
| 551 | 15193380 | Anti-tumor CTL immunity by the IL-18/B7.1-transfected fibroblasts could be induced without the help of host antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and NK1.1(+) cells, whereas partially decreased by the depletion of CD4(+) T cells at the inductive stage. |
| 552 | 15196240 | IFN-gamma production by splenocytes was eliminated by addition of neutralizing anti-IL-18 antibody. |
| 553 | 15196240 | Endogenous IL-12 played a favourable role whereas IL-10 played an adverse role in rBCG-mIL-18-induced IFN-gamma production. |
| 554 | 15196240 | Further, splenocytes from rBCG-mIL-18-infected mice, in response to BCG antigen, displayed increased production of IFN-gamma and GMCSF, decreased production of IL-10, elevated cellular proliferation and higher differentiation of IFN-gamma-secreting cells. rBCG-mIL-18 also enhanced BCG-induced macrophage cytotoxicity against bladder cancer MBT-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. |
| 555 | 15196240 | Neutralizing all endogenous macrophage-derived cytokines tested (IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-alpha) as well as IFN-gamma severely diminished the rBCG-mIL-18-induced macrophage cytolytic activity, indicating a critical role for these cytokines in this process. |
| 556 | 15196240 | Cytokine analysis for supernatants of macrophage-BCG mixture cultures manifested higher levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in rBCG-mIL-18 cultures than in control BCG cultures. |
| 557 | 15196240 | IFN-gamma production by splenocytes was eliminated by addition of neutralizing anti-IL-18 antibody. |
| 558 | 15196240 | Endogenous IL-12 played a favourable role whereas IL-10 played an adverse role in rBCG-mIL-18-induced IFN-gamma production. |
| 559 | 15196240 | Further, splenocytes from rBCG-mIL-18-infected mice, in response to BCG antigen, displayed increased production of IFN-gamma and GMCSF, decreased production of IL-10, elevated cellular proliferation and higher differentiation of IFN-gamma-secreting cells. rBCG-mIL-18 also enhanced BCG-induced macrophage cytotoxicity against bladder cancer MBT-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. |
| 560 | 15196240 | Neutralizing all endogenous macrophage-derived cytokines tested (IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-alpha) as well as IFN-gamma severely diminished the rBCG-mIL-18-induced macrophage cytolytic activity, indicating a critical role for these cytokines in this process. |
| 561 | 15196240 | Cytokine analysis for supernatants of macrophage-BCG mixture cultures manifested higher levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in rBCG-mIL-18 cultures than in control BCG cultures. |
| 562 | 15207786 | The HVJ-stimulated splenocytes secreted IL-18 and IL-12 to synergistically enhance the secretion of IFN-gamma in vitro. |
| 563 | 15233729 | Encouraging studies involving cytokines such as granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-12, IL-18, and many others are examined. |
| 564 | 15233729 | Notable chemokines that may offer hope in such efforts include IL-8, RANTES, CCL19, CCL21, and a few others. |
| 565 | 15233729 | In addition, as more is discovered regarding the requirements for memory development of T cells, boosters involving key cytokines such as IL-15 and IL-23 may prove beneficial to long-term maintenance of the memory pool. |
| 566 | 15285878 | In our study, we investigated the antitumor immunity derived from the vaccination of fusion hybrids between engineered J558/IL-18 myeloma cells secreting Th1 cytokine IL-18 and DCs. |
| 567 | 15285878 | In addition, DC/J558/IL-18 tumor cells into syngeneic mice induced a Th1 dominant immune response to J558 and resulted in tumor regression, which indicated that the antitumor effect mediated by DC/J558/IL-18 appeared to be dependent on TH1 cytokine production. |
| 568 | 15285878 | In our study, we investigated the antitumor immunity derived from the vaccination of fusion hybrids between engineered J558/IL-18 myeloma cells secreting Th1 cytokine IL-18 and DCs. |
| 569 | 15285878 | In addition, DC/J558/IL-18 tumor cells into syngeneic mice induced a Th1 dominant immune response to J558 and resulted in tumor regression, which indicated that the antitumor effect mediated by DC/J558/IL-18 appeared to be dependent on TH1 cytokine production. |
| 570 | 15322198 | In this study we investigated the role of IL-18, because this cytokine has been found to be a coregulator of Th1 development as well as involved in Th2-type responses with local eotaxin production that could influence gastric eosinophilia and resistance to infection. |
| 571 | 15322198 | Well-protected C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice demonstrated substantial influx of CD4(+) T cells and eosinophilic cells in the gastric mucosa, whereas IL-18(-/-) mice had less gastritis, few CD4(+) T cells, and significantly reduced numbers of eosinophilic cells. |
| 572 | 15322198 | T cells in well-protected WT mice produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 to recall Ag. |
| 573 | 15322198 | By contrast, unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice exhibited significantly reduced gastric IFN-gamma and specific IgG2a Ab levels. |
| 574 | 15322198 | Despite differences in gastric eosinophilic cell infiltration, protected WT and unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice had comparable levels of local eotaxin, suggesting that IL-18 influences protection via Th1 development and IFN-gamma production rather than through promoting local production of eotaxin and eosinophilic cell infiltration. |
| 575 | 15322198 | In this study we investigated the role of IL-18, because this cytokine has been found to be a coregulator of Th1 development as well as involved in Th2-type responses with local eotaxin production that could influence gastric eosinophilia and resistance to infection. |
| 576 | 15322198 | Well-protected C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice demonstrated substantial influx of CD4(+) T cells and eosinophilic cells in the gastric mucosa, whereas IL-18(-/-) mice had less gastritis, few CD4(+) T cells, and significantly reduced numbers of eosinophilic cells. |
| 577 | 15322198 | T cells in well-protected WT mice produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 to recall Ag. |
| 578 | 15322198 | By contrast, unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice exhibited significantly reduced gastric IFN-gamma and specific IgG2a Ab levels. |
| 579 | 15322198 | Despite differences in gastric eosinophilic cell infiltration, protected WT and unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice had comparable levels of local eotaxin, suggesting that IL-18 influences protection via Th1 development and IFN-gamma production rather than through promoting local production of eotaxin and eosinophilic cell infiltration. |
| 580 | 15322198 | In this study we investigated the role of IL-18, because this cytokine has been found to be a coregulator of Th1 development as well as involved in Th2-type responses with local eotaxin production that could influence gastric eosinophilia and resistance to infection. |
| 581 | 15322198 | Well-protected C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice demonstrated substantial influx of CD4(+) T cells and eosinophilic cells in the gastric mucosa, whereas IL-18(-/-) mice had less gastritis, few CD4(+) T cells, and significantly reduced numbers of eosinophilic cells. |
| 582 | 15322198 | T cells in well-protected WT mice produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 to recall Ag. |
| 583 | 15322198 | By contrast, unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice exhibited significantly reduced gastric IFN-gamma and specific IgG2a Ab levels. |
| 584 | 15322198 | Despite differences in gastric eosinophilic cell infiltration, protected WT and unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice had comparable levels of local eotaxin, suggesting that IL-18 influences protection via Th1 development and IFN-gamma production rather than through promoting local production of eotaxin and eosinophilic cell infiltration. |
| 585 | 15322198 | In this study we investigated the role of IL-18, because this cytokine has been found to be a coregulator of Th1 development as well as involved in Th2-type responses with local eotaxin production that could influence gastric eosinophilia and resistance to infection. |
| 586 | 15322198 | Well-protected C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice demonstrated substantial influx of CD4(+) T cells and eosinophilic cells in the gastric mucosa, whereas IL-18(-/-) mice had less gastritis, few CD4(+) T cells, and significantly reduced numbers of eosinophilic cells. |
| 587 | 15322198 | T cells in well-protected WT mice produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 to recall Ag. |
| 588 | 15322198 | By contrast, unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice exhibited significantly reduced gastric IFN-gamma and specific IgG2a Ab levels. |
| 589 | 15322198 | Despite differences in gastric eosinophilic cell infiltration, protected WT and unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice had comparable levels of local eotaxin, suggesting that IL-18 influences protection via Th1 development and IFN-gamma production rather than through promoting local production of eotaxin and eosinophilic cell infiltration. |
| 590 | 15322198 | In this study we investigated the role of IL-18, because this cytokine has been found to be a coregulator of Th1 development as well as involved in Th2-type responses with local eotaxin production that could influence gastric eosinophilia and resistance to infection. |
| 591 | 15322198 | Well-protected C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice demonstrated substantial influx of CD4(+) T cells and eosinophilic cells in the gastric mucosa, whereas IL-18(-/-) mice had less gastritis, few CD4(+) T cells, and significantly reduced numbers of eosinophilic cells. |
| 592 | 15322198 | T cells in well-protected WT mice produced increased levels of IFN-gamma and IL-18 to recall Ag. |
| 593 | 15322198 | By contrast, unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice exhibited significantly reduced gastric IFN-gamma and specific IgG2a Ab levels. |
| 594 | 15322198 | Despite differences in gastric eosinophilic cell infiltration, protected WT and unprotected IL-18(-/-) mice had comparable levels of local eotaxin, suggesting that IL-18 influences protection via Th1 development and IFN-gamma production rather than through promoting local production of eotaxin and eosinophilic cell infiltration. |
| 595 | 15470476 | We investigated whether the vaccine potency is further improved by coadministration of cytokine genes together with a low dose of genetic vaccine. pDNA encoding IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 or IL-21 was capable of elevating survival rates of HSV-1-infected mice when coinjected with 1 microg of gB pDNA, while IL-10 gene delivery failed to affect the effectiveness of the genetic immunization. |
| 596 | 15470476 | Coadministration of the gB and IL-12 genes also elevated the serum level of interferon-gamma. |
| 597 | 15471952 | When measured in real time, peptide antigen and the cytokines, interleukin 12 (IL-12) and IL-18, independently regulate the on/off kinetics of protective (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha) and immunomodulatory (IL-2, CD40L) cytokine production by activated T cells and memory T cells. |
| 598 | 15471952 | The remarkable differences in effector functions elicited by innate or adaptive signals (IL-12/ IL-18 or peptide, respectively) illustrate the complex and stringent regulation of cytokine expression by CD8(+) T cells. |
| 599 | 15471952 | When measured in real time, peptide antigen and the cytokines, interleukin 12 (IL-12) and IL-18, independently regulate the on/off kinetics of protective (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha) and immunomodulatory (IL-2, CD40L) cytokine production by activated T cells and memory T cells. |
| 600 | 15471952 | The remarkable differences in effector functions elicited by innate or adaptive signals (IL-12/ IL-18 or peptide, respectively) illustrate the complex and stringent regulation of cytokine expression by CD8(+) T cells. |
| 601 | 15483237 | Th-cell commitment in this system did not correlate with the production of IL12 p70, IL18 or IL23. |
| 602 | 15544517 | This article deals with the following matters: an outline of the host immune response to mycobacterial pathogens, particularly in terms of mobilization of the cytokine network in response to mycobacterial infection, and adjunctive immunotherapy using (1) recombinant immunomodulating cytokines, (especially Th-1 and Th-1-like cytokines such as IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-12, IL-18 and GM-CSF), (2) inhibitors of immunosuppressive cytokines (TGF-beta) and some proinflammatory tissue-damaging cytokines (TNF-alpha), and (3) immunomodulatory agents such as ATP and its analogs, imidazoquinoline, diethyldithiocarbamate, poloxamer, dibenzopyran, galactosylceramide, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Chinese traditional medicines, levamisole, synthesized mycobacterial oligoDNA, DNA vaccine expressing mycobacterial HSP65 or IL-12, and heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae. |
| 603 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 604 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 605 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 606 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 607 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 608 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 609 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 610 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 611 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 612 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 613 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 614 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 615 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 616 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 617 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 618 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 619 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 620 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 621 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 622 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 623 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 624 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 625 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 626 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 627 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 628 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 629 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 630 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 631 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 632 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 633 | 15557182 | Activation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells by lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 634 | 15557182 | However, some T cells also demonstrate innate functions, including non-Ag-specific IFN-gamma production in response to microbial products such as LPS or exposure to IL-12 and/or IL-18. |
| 635 | 15557182 | Following acute viral infection, 70-80% of virus-specific T cells will produce IFN-gamma after exposure to LPS-induced cytokines, and neutralization experiments indicate that this is mediated almost entirely through production of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 636 | 15557182 | Different combinations of these cytokines revealed that IL-12 decreases the threshold of T cell activation by IL-18, presenting a new perspective on IL-12/IL-18 synergy. |
| 637 | 15557182 | Moreover, memory T cells demonstrate high IL-18R expression and respond effectively to the combination of IL-12 and IL-18, but cannot respond to IL-18 alone, even at high cytokine concentrations. |
| 638 | 15557182 | This demonstrates that the synergy between IL-12 and IL-18 in triggering IFN-gamma production by memory T cells is not simply due to up-regulation of the surface receptor for IL-18, as shown previously with naive T cells. |
| 639 | 15557615 | A purified recombinant protein from Eimeria acervulina (3-1E) was used to vaccinate chickens in ovo against coccidiosis both alone and in combination with expression plasmids encoding the interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) gene. |
| 640 | 15557615 | Simultaneous immunization with 3-1E and the IL-2, -15, -17, or -18 or IFN-gamma gene further reduced oocyst shedding compared with that achieved with 3-1E alone. |
| 641 | 15634897 | Dendritic cells and NK cells stimulate bystander T cell activation in response to TLR agonists through secretion of IFN-alpha beta and IFN-gamma. |
| 642 | 15634897 | In vitro, IFN-alphabeta, IL-18, and IL-12 all contributed to DC stimulation of NK cell IFN-gamma, whereas IFN-alphabeta was shown to be important for induction of T cell bystander activation and NK cell IFN-gamma production in vivo. |
| 643 | 15710900 | Lactobacillus-exposed MDCs up-regulated HLA-DR, CD83, CD40, CD80, and CD86 and secreted high levels of IL-12 and IL-18, but not IL-10. |
| 644 | 15710900 | IL-12 was sustained in MDCs exposed to all three Lactobacillus species in the presence of LPS from Escherichia coli, whereas LPS-induced IL-10 was greatly inhibited. |
| 645 | 15710900 | MDCs activated with lactobacilli clearly skewed CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to T helper 1 and Tc1 polarization, as evidenced by secretion of IFN-gamma, but not IL-4 or IL-13. |
| 646 | 15777234 | The proinflammatory cytokines IL-1alpha, IL-12, and IL-18 can replace CT as a mucosal adjuvant for antibody induction and induce an increase of mucosal CTL's. |
| 647 | 15777234 | IL-15 also has the potential to increase antigen-specific CTL activity when used as an adjuvant while IL-5 and IL-6 were shown to be able to markedly increase IgA reactivity to co-expressed heterologous antigen. |
| 648 | 15803143 | To augment their nonspecific immunogenic properties, before DNA transfer, the fibroblasts (of C3H/He mouse origin) were modified to express allogeneic MHC class I H-2Kb-determinants and to secrete IL-2, IL-18 or GM-CSF. |
| 649 | 15803143 | The immunotherapeutic properties of transfected fibroblasts modified to secrete IL-18 or GM-CSF were less efficacious. |
| 650 | 15803143 | To augment their nonspecific immunogenic properties, before DNA transfer, the fibroblasts (of C3H/He mouse origin) were modified to express allogeneic MHC class I H-2Kb-determinants and to secrete IL-2, IL-18 or GM-CSF. |
| 651 | 15803143 | The immunotherapeutic properties of transfected fibroblasts modified to secrete IL-18 or GM-CSF were less efficacious. |
| 652 | 15804600 | Immunized mice produced higher levels of both protein and gene transcripts for IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-18 and MIP1-alpha. |
| 653 | 15804600 | Immunized mice also had elevated gene expression levels for IL12-p40, IL23-p19, IP-10, MIG and MCP-1 when compared to normal mice. |
| 654 | 15833877 | A DNA vaccine targeting Fos-related antigen 1 enhanced by IL-18 induces long-lived T-cell memory against tumor recurrence. |
| 655 | 15833877 | This was achieved by targeting transcription factor Fos-related antigen 1(Fra-1), overexpressed by many tumor cells, with an ubiquitinated DNA vaccine against Fra-1, coexpressing secretory IL-18. |
| 656 | 15833877 | A DNA vaccine targeting Fos-related antigen 1 enhanced by IL-18 induces long-lived T-cell memory against tumor recurrence. |
| 657 | 15833877 | This was achieved by targeting transcription factor Fos-related antigen 1(Fra-1), overexpressed by many tumor cells, with an ubiquitinated DNA vaccine against Fra-1, coexpressing secretory IL-18. |
| 658 | 15839423 | Resistance to intestinal coccidiosis following DNA immunization with the cloned 3-1E Eimeria gene plus IL-2, IL-15, and IFN-gamma. |
| 659 | 15839423 | A cloned Eimeria acervulina gene (3-1E) was used to vaccinate chickens in ovo against coccidiosis, both alone and in combination with genes encoding interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17, IL-18, or interferon (IFN)-gamma. |
| 660 | 15839423 | Combined immunization with the 3-1E and IL-1, IL-2, IL-15, or IFN-gamma genes induced higher serum antibody responses compared with immunization with 3-1E alone. |
| 661 | 15839423 | Following parasite infection, chickens hatched from embryos given the 3-1E gene plus the IL-2 or IL-15 genes displayed significantly reduced oocyst shedding compared with those given 3-1E alone, while 3-1E plus IL-15 or IFN-gamma significantly increased weight gain compared with administration of 3-1E alone. |
| 662 | 15869409 | Induction of antigen-specific immune responses against malignant brain tumors by intramuscular injection of sindbis DNA encoding gp100 and IL-18. |
| 663 | 15869409 | We investigated whether immunizing mice with xenogeneic DNA encoding human gp100 and mouse IL-18 would enhance the antitumor responses. |
| 664 | 15869409 | Genetic immunization using plasmid pSin 9001 DNA codelivery of human gp100 and mouse IL-18 resulted in enhanced protective and therapeutic effects on the malignant brain tumors. |
| 665 | 15869409 | The antitumor and protective effects were mediated by both CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells and IFN-gamma. |
| 666 | 15869409 | Immunogene therapy with the improved Sindbis virus vector expressing xenogeneic gp100 and syngeneic IL-18 may be an excellent approach for developing a new treatment protocol. |
| 667 | 15869409 | Induction of antigen-specific immune responses against malignant brain tumors by intramuscular injection of sindbis DNA encoding gp100 and IL-18. |
| 668 | 15869409 | We investigated whether immunizing mice with xenogeneic DNA encoding human gp100 and mouse IL-18 would enhance the antitumor responses. |
| 669 | 15869409 | Genetic immunization using plasmid pSin 9001 DNA codelivery of human gp100 and mouse IL-18 resulted in enhanced protective and therapeutic effects on the malignant brain tumors. |
| 670 | 15869409 | The antitumor and protective effects were mediated by both CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells and IFN-gamma. |
| 671 | 15869409 | Immunogene therapy with the improved Sindbis virus vector expressing xenogeneic gp100 and syngeneic IL-18 may be an excellent approach for developing a new treatment protocol. |
| 672 | 15869409 | Induction of antigen-specific immune responses against malignant brain tumors by intramuscular injection of sindbis DNA encoding gp100 and IL-18. |
| 673 | 15869409 | We investigated whether immunizing mice with xenogeneic DNA encoding human gp100 and mouse IL-18 would enhance the antitumor responses. |
| 674 | 15869409 | Genetic immunization using plasmid pSin 9001 DNA codelivery of human gp100 and mouse IL-18 resulted in enhanced protective and therapeutic effects on the malignant brain tumors. |
| 675 | 15869409 | The antitumor and protective effects were mediated by both CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells and IFN-gamma. |
| 676 | 15869409 | Immunogene therapy with the improved Sindbis virus vector expressing xenogeneic gp100 and syngeneic IL-18 may be an excellent approach for developing a new treatment protocol. |
| 677 | 15869409 | Induction of antigen-specific immune responses against malignant brain tumors by intramuscular injection of sindbis DNA encoding gp100 and IL-18. |
| 678 | 15869409 | We investigated whether immunizing mice with xenogeneic DNA encoding human gp100 and mouse IL-18 would enhance the antitumor responses. |
| 679 | 15869409 | Genetic immunization using plasmid pSin 9001 DNA codelivery of human gp100 and mouse IL-18 resulted in enhanced protective and therapeutic effects on the malignant brain tumors. |
| 680 | 15869409 | The antitumor and protective effects were mediated by both CD4(+)/CD8(+) T cells and IFN-gamma. |
| 681 | 15869409 | Immunogene therapy with the improved Sindbis virus vector expressing xenogeneic gp100 and syngeneic IL-18 may be an excellent approach for developing a new treatment protocol. |
| 682 | 15893619 | A vector expressing feline mature IL-18 fused to IL-1beta antagonist protein signal sequence is an effective adjuvant to a DNA vaccine for feline leukaemia virus. |
| 683 | 15893619 | DNA vaccination using vectors expressing the gag/pol and env genes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and plasmids encoding feline interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 completely protected cats from viraemia following challenge [Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, et al. |
| 684 | 15893619 | Feline leukaemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 685 | 15893619 | IL-12 and IL-18 constructs were modified to ensure effective expression, and bioactivity was demonstrated using specific assays. |
| 686 | 15893619 | All six kittens given FeLV, IL-12 and IL-18 were protected from the establishment of persistent viraemia and four from latent infection. |
| 687 | 15893619 | A vector expressing feline mature IL-18 fused to IL-1beta antagonist protein signal sequence is an effective adjuvant to a DNA vaccine for feline leukaemia virus. |
| 688 | 15893619 | DNA vaccination using vectors expressing the gag/pol and env genes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and plasmids encoding feline interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 completely protected cats from viraemia following challenge [Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, et al. |
| 689 | 15893619 | Feline leukaemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 690 | 15893619 | IL-12 and IL-18 constructs were modified to ensure effective expression, and bioactivity was demonstrated using specific assays. |
| 691 | 15893619 | All six kittens given FeLV, IL-12 and IL-18 were protected from the establishment of persistent viraemia and four from latent infection. |
| 692 | 15893619 | A vector expressing feline mature IL-18 fused to IL-1beta antagonist protein signal sequence is an effective adjuvant to a DNA vaccine for feline leukaemia virus. |
| 693 | 15893619 | DNA vaccination using vectors expressing the gag/pol and env genes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and plasmids encoding feline interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 completely protected cats from viraemia following challenge [Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, et al. |
| 694 | 15893619 | Feline leukaemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 695 | 15893619 | IL-12 and IL-18 constructs were modified to ensure effective expression, and bioactivity was demonstrated using specific assays. |
| 696 | 15893619 | All six kittens given FeLV, IL-12 and IL-18 were protected from the establishment of persistent viraemia and four from latent infection. |
| 697 | 15893619 | A vector expressing feline mature IL-18 fused to IL-1beta antagonist protein signal sequence is an effective adjuvant to a DNA vaccine for feline leukaemia virus. |
| 698 | 15893619 | DNA vaccination using vectors expressing the gag/pol and env genes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and plasmids encoding feline interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 completely protected cats from viraemia following challenge [Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, et al. |
| 699 | 15893619 | Feline leukaemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 700 | 15893619 | IL-12 and IL-18 constructs were modified to ensure effective expression, and bioactivity was demonstrated using specific assays. |
| 701 | 15893619 | All six kittens given FeLV, IL-12 and IL-18 were protected from the establishment of persistent viraemia and four from latent infection. |
| 702 | 15893619 | A vector expressing feline mature IL-18 fused to IL-1beta antagonist protein signal sequence is an effective adjuvant to a DNA vaccine for feline leukaemia virus. |
| 703 | 15893619 | DNA vaccination using vectors expressing the gag/pol and env genes of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) and plasmids encoding feline interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 completely protected cats from viraemia following challenge [Hanlon L, Argyle D, Bain D, Nicolson L, Dunham S, Golder MC, et al. |
| 704 | 15893619 | Feline leukaemia virus DNA vaccine efficacy is enhanced by coadministration with interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 expression vectors. |
| 705 | 15893619 | IL-12 and IL-18 constructs were modified to ensure effective expression, and bioactivity was demonstrated using specific assays. |
| 706 | 15893619 | All six kittens given FeLV, IL-12 and IL-18 were protected from the establishment of persistent viraemia and four from latent infection. |
| 707 | 15955282 | The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of IL-12, IL-18 and CD154 (CD40 ligand, CD40L) in DNA-vaccination against the classical swine fever virus. |
| 708 | 15955282 | Four recombinant plasmids were constructed including the CSFV coding region for the glycoprotein gp55/E2 alone or together with porcine IL-12, IL-18 or CD154 genes. |
| 709 | 15955282 | This study showed that co-delivery of IL-18 and CD154 induced an earlier appearance of serum antibodies, reduced B-cell deficiency after infection and protected pigs against a lethal CSFV infection. |
| 710 | 15955282 | The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of IL-12, IL-18 and CD154 (CD40 ligand, CD40L) in DNA-vaccination against the classical swine fever virus. |
| 711 | 15955282 | Four recombinant plasmids were constructed including the CSFV coding region for the glycoprotein gp55/E2 alone or together with porcine IL-12, IL-18 or CD154 genes. |
| 712 | 15955282 | This study showed that co-delivery of IL-18 and CD154 induced an earlier appearance of serum antibodies, reduced B-cell deficiency after infection and protected pigs against a lethal CSFV infection. |
| 713 | 15955282 | The aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of IL-12, IL-18 and CD154 (CD40 ligand, CD40L) in DNA-vaccination against the classical swine fever virus. |
| 714 | 15955282 | Four recombinant plasmids were constructed including the CSFV coding region for the glycoprotein gp55/E2 alone or together with porcine IL-12, IL-18 or CD154 genes. |
| 715 | 15955282 | This study showed that co-delivery of IL-18 and CD154 induced an earlier appearance of serum antibodies, reduced B-cell deficiency after infection and protected pigs against a lethal CSFV infection. |
| 716 | 15969689 | Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG producing IL-18 reduces IL-5 production and bronchoalveolar eosinophilia induced by an allergic reaction. |
| 717 | 16024732 | Furthermore, neither pretreatment with effective doses of antiserum against rat-TNF-alpha (50 microl paw(-1)) nor against IL-18 (10 microg paw(-1)) inhibited the IL-12-induced hyperalgesia. |
| 718 | 16024732 | Likewise, antiserum against IL-12 (10 ng paw(-1)) did not alter IL-18-induced hyperalgesia. |
| 719 | 16024732 | Furthermore, neither pretreatment with effective doses of antiserum against rat-TNF-alpha (50 microl paw(-1)) nor against IL-18 (10 microg paw(-1)) inhibited the IL-12-induced hyperalgesia. |
| 720 | 16024732 | Likewise, antiserum against IL-12 (10 ng paw(-1)) did not alter IL-18-induced hyperalgesia. |
| 721 | 16178967 | Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-18, IFN-gamma, and IL-1beta play a significant role in the inflammation induced by Helicobacter. |
| 722 | 16353546 | This type of response involves participation of alveolar macrophages and T CD4+, CD8+ and T gammadelta lymphocytes, and production of cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-18 and TNF-alpha, as well as chemokines such as RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and IL-8 which play an important role in the migration of different cell subpopulations to the infection site for the formation of granulome. |
| 723 | 16369012 | Plasmid interleukin-23 (IL-23), but not plasmid IL-27, enhances the protective efficacy of a DNA vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. |
| 724 | 16369012 | Three heterodimeric cytokines, interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-23, and IL-27, as well as IL-18, contribute to the differentiation and expansion of naive CD4(+) T cells. |
| 725 | 16369012 | In this study we compared the effects of plasmids expressing both chains of IL-12, IL-23, or IL-27 as adjuvants for DNA immunization against M. tuberculosis infection. |
| 726 | 16369012 | The genes encoding p19 and p40 chains of IL-23 or EBI3 and p28 chains of IL-27 were cloned on either side of a self-cleaving peptide from the FMDV2A protein. |
| 727 | 16369012 | Supernatant from p2AIL-23-transfected cells induced the release of IL-17 from activated lymphocytes, confirming the presence of bioactive IL-23. |
| 728 | 16369012 | In initial experiments, M. tuberculosis infection of DCs was more potent at inducing IL-12 and IL-23 secretion than infection with the vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and no significant upregulation of IL-27 was observed. |
| 729 | 16369012 | Coimmunization of C57BL/6 mice with DNA expressing M. tuberculosis antigen 85B (Ag85B; DNA85B) and plasmids expressing IL-23 or IL-12 stimulated stronger Ag85B-specific T-cell proliferative and IFN-gamma responses than DNA85B alone, whereas the addition of p2AIL-27 had no effect. |
| 730 | 16472547 | A MUC1/IL-18 DNA vaccine induces anti-tumor immunity and increased survival in MUC1 transgenic mice. |
| 731 | 16481075 | Anti-CD3 single-chain Fv/interleukin-18 fusion DNA induces anti-mycobacterial resistance via efficient interferon-gamma production in BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium avium. |
| 732 | 16481075 | Furthermore, the lung cells of the mice injected with pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 DNA exhibited persistent production of IFN-gamma. |
| 733 | 16481075 | These results indicate that vaccination with the pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 fusion DNA induces significant resistance to M. avium infection, via the production of IFN-gamma in CD4+ T cells. |
| 734 | 16481075 | Anti-CD3 single-chain Fv/interleukin-18 fusion DNA induces anti-mycobacterial resistance via efficient interferon-gamma production in BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium avium. |
| 735 | 16481075 | Furthermore, the lung cells of the mice injected with pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 DNA exhibited persistent production of IFN-gamma. |
| 736 | 16481075 | These results indicate that vaccination with the pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 fusion DNA induces significant resistance to M. avium infection, via the production of IFN-gamma in CD4+ T cells. |
| 737 | 16481075 | Anti-CD3 single-chain Fv/interleukin-18 fusion DNA induces anti-mycobacterial resistance via efficient interferon-gamma production in BALB/c mice infected with Mycobacterium avium. |
| 738 | 16481075 | Furthermore, the lung cells of the mice injected with pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 DNA exhibited persistent production of IFN-gamma. |
| 739 | 16481075 | These results indicate that vaccination with the pAnti-CD3sFv/IL-18 fusion DNA induces significant resistance to M. avium infection, via the production of IFN-gamma in CD4+ T cells. |
| 740 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 741 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 742 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 743 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 744 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 745 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 746 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 747 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 748 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 749 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 750 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 751 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 752 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 753 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 754 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 755 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 756 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 757 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 758 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 759 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 760 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 761 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 762 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 763 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 764 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 765 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 766 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 767 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 768 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 769 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 770 | 16517714 | Superior protective and therapeutic effects of IL-12 and IL-18 gene-transduced dendritic neuroblastoma fusion cells on liver metastasis of murine neuroblastoma. |
| 771 | 16517714 | Using the liver metastasis model of C1300 neuroblastoma cells, we assessed the protective and therapeutic effects of fusion cells transduced with the IL-12 gene and/or the IL-18 gene. |
| 772 | 16517714 | With the transduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes into the fusion cells (fusion/IL-12/IL-18), the level of IFN-gamma increased more than five times that of other fusion groups. |
| 773 | 16517714 | In the protective and therapeutic studies of fusion cell vaccine, mice vaccinated with fusion/LacZ, fusion/IL-12, fusion/IL-18, or fusion/IL-12/IL-18 showed a significant decrease in liver metastasis and a significant increase in survival compared with mice given a mixture/LacZ, DCs/LacZ, or C1300/LacZ. |
| 774 | 16517714 | In particular, the mice receiving fusion/IL-12/IL-18 vaccine showed a complete protective effect and the highest therapeutic effects. |
| 775 | 16517714 | The present study investigates the improved loading efficiency of fusion cells and suggests that the introduction of IL-12 and IL-18 genes can induce extremely strong protective and therapeutic effects on liver metastasis of neuroblastoma. |
| 776 | 16584815 | Contrary to the parental strain, the auxotrofic mutant did not induce IL-1beta, IL-18, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma in the ileum and plasma 24h after the infection, did not cause pathological changes in ileal epithelium and mesenteric lymph nodes or immunoreactivity of gp91 phox and peroxynitrite and was not immunostained for GroEL stress protein. |
| 777 | 16620826 | While susceptibility to chronic infection is propagated by T helper cell type 1 cytokine responses (characterised by production of IL-12, IL-18 and interferon-gamma), immunity to intestinal-dwelling adult nematode worms is critically dependent on a type 2 cytokine response (controlled by CD4+T helper type 2 cells that secrete the cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13). |
| 778 | 16645618 | IL-12p70 and IL-18 gene-modified dendritic cells loaded with tumor antigen-derived peptides or recombinant protein effectively stimulate specific Type-1 CD4+ T-cell responses from normal donors and melanoma patients in vitro. |
| 779 | 16645618 | Although CD4(+) Type-1T helper (Th1) cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) appear to play an essential role in promoting durable antitumor immunity, we have previously shown that patients with cancer exhibit dysfunctional Th1-type responses against epitopes derived from tumor antigens, such as MAGE-A6. |
| 780 | 16645618 | Here, we engineered human dendritic cells (DCs) to secrete high levels of the IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines, interleukin (IL)-12p70 and IL-18, via recombinant adenoviral infection to generate an in vitro stimulus capable of promoting previously deficient patient Th1-type responses. |
| 781 | 16645618 | Dendritic cells co-infected with Ad.IL-12 and Ad.IL-18 (DC.IL-12/18) were more effective at stimulating MAGE-A6-specific Th1-type CD4(+) T-cell responses than DCs infected with either of the cytokine vectors alone, control Ad.Psi5 virus or uninfected DCs. |
| 782 | 16645618 | IL-12p70 and IL-18 gene-modified dendritic cells loaded with tumor antigen-derived peptides or recombinant protein effectively stimulate specific Type-1 CD4+ T-cell responses from normal donors and melanoma patients in vitro. |
| 783 | 16645618 | Although CD4(+) Type-1T helper (Th1) cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) appear to play an essential role in promoting durable antitumor immunity, we have previously shown that patients with cancer exhibit dysfunctional Th1-type responses against epitopes derived from tumor antigens, such as MAGE-A6. |
| 784 | 16645618 | Here, we engineered human dendritic cells (DCs) to secrete high levels of the IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines, interleukin (IL)-12p70 and IL-18, via recombinant adenoviral infection to generate an in vitro stimulus capable of promoting previously deficient patient Th1-type responses. |
| 785 | 16645618 | Dendritic cells co-infected with Ad.IL-12 and Ad.IL-18 (DC.IL-12/18) were more effective at stimulating MAGE-A6-specific Th1-type CD4(+) T-cell responses than DCs infected with either of the cytokine vectors alone, control Ad.Psi5 virus or uninfected DCs. |
| 786 | 16645618 | IL-12p70 and IL-18 gene-modified dendritic cells loaded with tumor antigen-derived peptides or recombinant protein effectively stimulate specific Type-1 CD4+ T-cell responses from normal donors and melanoma patients in vitro. |
| 787 | 16645618 | Although CD4(+) Type-1T helper (Th1) cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) appear to play an essential role in promoting durable antitumor immunity, we have previously shown that patients with cancer exhibit dysfunctional Th1-type responses against epitopes derived from tumor antigens, such as MAGE-A6. |
| 788 | 16645618 | Here, we engineered human dendritic cells (DCs) to secrete high levels of the IFN-gamma-inducing cytokines, interleukin (IL)-12p70 and IL-18, via recombinant adenoviral infection to generate an in vitro stimulus capable of promoting previously deficient patient Th1-type responses. |
| 789 | 16645618 | Dendritic cells co-infected with Ad.IL-12 and Ad.IL-18 (DC.IL-12/18) were more effective at stimulating MAGE-A6-specific Th1-type CD4(+) T-cell responses than DCs infected with either of the cytokine vectors alone, control Ad.Psi5 virus or uninfected DCs. |
| 790 | 16725233 | We have studied the effect of pIL8+ co-administration on the expression of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha); cytokines that have mainly an inhibitory role, IL-11 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta); and a Th1 type cytokine, IL-18. |
| 791 | 16750378 | The IL-18 variant proteins secreted this way were bioactive, as demonstrated by their ability to induce interferon gamma (IFNgamma) expression by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to bind to IL-18R, as demonstrated by BIAcore analysis. |
| 792 | 16750378 | The IL-18 variants were inhibited by IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), the soluble inhibitor of IL-18, as measured by neutralization of the IFNgamma response in PBMCs. |
| 793 | 16750378 | The IL-18 variant proteins secreted this way were bioactive, as demonstrated by their ability to induce interferon gamma (IFNgamma) expression by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and to bind to IL-18R, as demonstrated by BIAcore analysis. |
| 794 | 16750378 | The IL-18 variants were inhibited by IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), the soluble inhibitor of IL-18, as measured by neutralization of the IFNgamma response in PBMCs. |
| 795 | 16778218 | Interleukin-23 and interleukin-27 exert quite different antitumor and vaccine effects on poorly immunogenic melanoma. |
| 796 | 16778218 | Recent studies revealed that two novel interleukin (IL)-12-related cytokines, IL-23 and IL-27, have potent antitumor activities. |
| 797 | 16778218 | In this study, we investigated the antitumor efficacies of IL-23 and IL-27 on poorly immunogenic B16F10 melanoma and found that the antitumor responses mediated by IL-23 and IL-27 were clearly different. |
| 798 | 16778218 | In contrast, scIL-27-transfected B16F10 (B16/IL-27) tumors exhibited significant retardation of tumor growth from the early stage. |
| 799 | 16778218 | In vivo depletion assay revealed that the antitumor effect of B16/IL-23 was mainly mediated by CD8+ T cells and IFN-gamma whereas that of B16/IL-27 mainly involved natural killer cells and was independent of IFN-gamma. |
| 800 | 16778218 | We also found that antitumor effects of B16/IL-23 and B16/IL-27 were synergistically enhanced by treatment with IL-18 and IL-12, respectively. |
| 801 | 16778218 | Furthermore, B16/IL-23-vaccinated mice developed protective immunity against parental B16F10 tumors but B16/IL-27-vaccinated mice did not. |
| 802 | 16778218 | When combined with prior in vivo depletion of CD25+ T cells, 80% of B16/IL-23-vaccinated mice completely rejected subsequent tumor challenge. |
| 803 | 16778218 | Finally, we showed that the systemic administration of neither IL-23 nor IL-27 induced such intense toxicity as IL-12. |
| 804 | 16778218 | Our data support that IL-23 and IL-27 might play a role in future cytokine-based immunotherapy against poorly immunogenic tumors. |
| 805 | 16907905 | These family strains have developed mechanisms that modulate/suppress immune responses by the host, such as inhibition of apoptosis of infected macrophages, diminished production of interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and elevated levels of IL-10 and IL-18. |
| 806 | 16920103 | The contribution of cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IFN-gamma, and Stat1 signaling molecules involved in Th1 responses associated with host resistance to Cryptosporidium parvum infection was investigated in adult IL-12p40(-/-)mice. |
| 807 | 16920103 | Host resistance to C. parvum infection was assessed in different mouse strains lacking IL-12, IL-18, and IL-23 genes. |
| 808 | 16920103 | We found that as in IL-12p40(-/-) mice (which lack both IL-12 and IL-23), IL-12p35(-/-) mice (which lack IL-12) and IL-18 deficient mice were also susceptible to infection with C. parvum. |
| 809 | 16920103 | Varied levels of resistance were observed when mice were treated with cytokines like IL-18, IL-23 and IFN-gamma. |
| 810 | 16920103 | The contribution of cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IFN-gamma, and Stat1 signaling molecules involved in Th1 responses associated with host resistance to Cryptosporidium parvum infection was investigated in adult IL-12p40(-/-)mice. |
| 811 | 16920103 | Host resistance to C. parvum infection was assessed in different mouse strains lacking IL-12, IL-18, and IL-23 genes. |
| 812 | 16920103 | We found that as in IL-12p40(-/-) mice (which lack both IL-12 and IL-23), IL-12p35(-/-) mice (which lack IL-12) and IL-18 deficient mice were also susceptible to infection with C. parvum. |
| 813 | 16920103 | Varied levels of resistance were observed when mice were treated with cytokines like IL-18, IL-23 and IFN-gamma. |
| 814 | 16920103 | The contribution of cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IFN-gamma, and Stat1 signaling molecules involved in Th1 responses associated with host resistance to Cryptosporidium parvum infection was investigated in adult IL-12p40(-/-)mice. |
| 815 | 16920103 | Host resistance to C. parvum infection was assessed in different mouse strains lacking IL-12, IL-18, and IL-23 genes. |
| 816 | 16920103 | We found that as in IL-12p40(-/-) mice (which lack both IL-12 and IL-23), IL-12p35(-/-) mice (which lack IL-12) and IL-18 deficient mice were also susceptible to infection with C. parvum. |
| 817 | 16920103 | Varied levels of resistance were observed when mice were treated with cytokines like IL-18, IL-23 and IFN-gamma. |
| 818 | 16920103 | The contribution of cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-23, and IFN-gamma, and Stat1 signaling molecules involved in Th1 responses associated with host resistance to Cryptosporidium parvum infection was investigated in adult IL-12p40(-/-)mice. |
| 819 | 16920103 | Host resistance to C. parvum infection was assessed in different mouse strains lacking IL-12, IL-18, and IL-23 genes. |
| 820 | 16920103 | We found that as in IL-12p40(-/-) mice (which lack both IL-12 and IL-23), IL-12p35(-/-) mice (which lack IL-12) and IL-18 deficient mice were also susceptible to infection with C. parvum. |
| 821 | 16920103 | Varied levels of resistance were observed when mice were treated with cytokines like IL-18, IL-23 and IFN-gamma. |
| 822 | 16926428 | Increased levels of IFN-gamma, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were detected in the sera of immunocompetent mice in response to infection, and splenic mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12p35, and IL-27 was elevated 24 h postinfection. |
| 823 | 16926428 | The effects of IL-18, IL-27, and IL-12 on stimulation of the rapid IFN-gamma production were investigated in vitro by analyzing IFN-gamma production in the presence of heat-killed B. mallei. |
| 824 | 16926428 | IL-12 was essential for IFN-gamma production in vitro; IL-18 was also involved in induction of IFN-gamma, but IL-27 was not required for IFN-gamma production in response to heat-killed B. mallei. |
| 825 | 16926428 | The main cellular sources of IFN-gamma were identified in vitro as NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and TCRgammadelta T cells. |
| 826 | 16926428 | Increased levels of IFN-gamma, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 were detected in the sera of immunocompetent mice in response to infection, and splenic mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, IL-6, IL-12p35, and IL-27 was elevated 24 h postinfection. |
| 827 | 16926428 | The effects of IL-18, IL-27, and IL-12 on stimulation of the rapid IFN-gamma production were investigated in vitro by analyzing IFN-gamma production in the presence of heat-killed B. mallei. |
| 828 | 16926428 | IL-12 was essential for IFN-gamma production in vitro; IL-18 was also involved in induction of IFN-gamma, but IL-27 was not required for IFN-gamma production in response to heat-killed B. mallei. |
| 829 | 16926428 | The main cellular sources of IFN-gamma were identified in vitro as NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and TCRgammadelta T cells. |
| 830 | 16966494 | This report demonstrates that the B box domain induces phenotypic maturation of murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) as evidenced by increased CD86, CD40 and MHC-II expression. |
| 831 | 16966494 | The B box domain enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines: IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-5, IL-8, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not IL-6 and IL-10. |
| 832 | 16966494 | Furthermore, four peptides whose sequences correspond to different regions of HMGB1 induced production of IL-1beta, IL-2 and IL-12 (p70), but not IL-10 and IL-6 in mouse BM-DCs. |
| 833 | 16966494 | Interestingly, these peptides differed in their capacity to induce TNF-alpha, IL-5, IL-18 and IL-8. |
| 834 | 16968412 | Transwell assays indicated that the maximal PEC cytotoxicity required both direct cell-cell contact and soluble factors such as interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. |
| 835 | 16968412 | Neutralizing endogenous cytokines interleukin (IL)-12, IL-18, IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha reduced PEC cytotoxicity by 38%, 22%, 15% and 94%, respectively. |
| 836 | 16968412 | Compared with control BCG for PEC stimulation, rBCGs expressing IL-2 or IL-18 showed enhanced MBT-2 cell killing by PECs. |
| 837 | 16968412 | Increased cytokine production (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-6) was also observed in rBCG-stimulated PEC cultures. |
| 838 | 16968412 | Transwell assays indicated that the maximal PEC cytotoxicity required both direct cell-cell contact and soluble factors such as interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. |
| 839 | 16968412 | Neutralizing endogenous cytokines interleukin (IL)-12, IL-18, IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha reduced PEC cytotoxicity by 38%, 22%, 15% and 94%, respectively. |
| 840 | 16968412 | Compared with control BCG for PEC stimulation, rBCGs expressing IL-2 or IL-18 showed enhanced MBT-2 cell killing by PECs. |
| 841 | 16968412 | Increased cytokine production (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-6) was also observed in rBCG-stimulated PEC cultures. |
| 842 | 16971487 | Here, we describe an approach to enhance immunogenicity that involves the activation of NF-kappaB by the transgenic expression of an intracellular signaling molecule, NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK). |
| 843 | 16971487 | In vitro, NIK increases dendritic cell antigen presentation in allogeneic and antigen-specific T cell proliferation assays by potently activating NF-kappaB and consequently up-regulating the expression of cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18), chemokines [IL-8, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted), macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-3], MHC antigen-presenting molecules (class I and II), and costimulatory molecules (CD80 and CD86). |
| 844 | 16971487 | In vivo, NIK enhances immune responses against a vector-encoded antigen and shifts them toward a T helper 1 immune response with increased IgG2a levels, T cell proliferation, IFN-gamma production, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses more potently than complete Freund's adjuvant, a very efficacious T helper 1-inducing adjuvant. |
| 845 | 16971487 | These findings define NIK, and possibly other inducers of NF-kappaB activation, as a potent adjuvant strategy that offers great potential for genetic vaccine development. |
| 846 | 16988256 | Because it is known that SOCS are induced by IL-10 and that B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins most likely interact via TLR2 or the heterodimers TLR2/1 and/or TLR2/6, we hypothesized that SOCS are induced by IL-10 and B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins in macrophages and that SOCS may mediate the inhibition by IL-10 of concomitantly elicited cytokines. |
| 847 | 16988256 | We report here that mouse J774 macrophages incubated with IL-10 and added B. burgdorferi spirochetes (freeze-thawed, live, or sonicated) or lipidated outer surface protein A (L-OspA) augmented their SOCS1/SOCS3 mRNA and protein expression, with SOCS3 being more abundant. |
| 848 | 16988256 | Pam(3)Cys, a synthetic lipopeptide, also induced SOCS1/SOCS3 expression under these conditions, but unlipidated OspA was ineffective. |
| 849 | 16988256 | Neither endogenous IL-10 nor the translation inhibitor cycloheximide blocked SOCS1/SOCS3 induction by B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins, indicating that the expression of other genes is not required. |
| 850 | 16988256 | This temporally correlated with the IL-10-mediated inhibition of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. |
| 851 | 16988256 | Our data are evidence to suggest that expression of SOCS is part of the mechanism of IL-10-mediated inhibition of inflammatory cytokines elicited by B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins. |
| 852 | 17016692 | Enhanced induction of dendritic cell maturation and HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL response by exosomes derived from IL-18 gene-modified CEA-positive tumor cells. |
| 853 | 17016692 | We transfected carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-expressing tumor cells with a recombinant adenovirus encoding human IL-18 (AdhIL-18) and prepared the exosomes, Exo/IL-18, from IL-18 gene-modified tumor cells. |
| 854 | 17016692 | We found that Exo/IL-18 naturally contain CEA and bioactive IL-18. |
| 855 | 17016692 | Furthermore, Exo/IL-18-pulsed DC are quite potent to induce HLA-A*0201-restricted, CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL from the PBMC of HLA-A*0201 CEA(+) cancer patients in vitro. |
| 856 | 17016692 | Enhanced induction of dendritic cell maturation and HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL response by exosomes derived from IL-18 gene-modified CEA-positive tumor cells. |
| 857 | 17016692 | We transfected carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-expressing tumor cells with a recombinant adenovirus encoding human IL-18 (AdhIL-18) and prepared the exosomes, Exo/IL-18, from IL-18 gene-modified tumor cells. |
| 858 | 17016692 | We found that Exo/IL-18 naturally contain CEA and bioactive IL-18. |
| 859 | 17016692 | Furthermore, Exo/IL-18-pulsed DC are quite potent to induce HLA-A*0201-restricted, CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL from the PBMC of HLA-A*0201 CEA(+) cancer patients in vitro. |
| 860 | 17016692 | Enhanced induction of dendritic cell maturation and HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL response by exosomes derived from IL-18 gene-modified CEA-positive tumor cells. |
| 861 | 17016692 | We transfected carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-expressing tumor cells with a recombinant adenovirus encoding human IL-18 (AdhIL-18) and prepared the exosomes, Exo/IL-18, from IL-18 gene-modified tumor cells. |
| 862 | 17016692 | We found that Exo/IL-18 naturally contain CEA and bioactive IL-18. |
| 863 | 17016692 | Furthermore, Exo/IL-18-pulsed DC are quite potent to induce HLA-A*0201-restricted, CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL from the PBMC of HLA-A*0201 CEA(+) cancer patients in vitro. |
| 864 | 17016692 | Enhanced induction of dendritic cell maturation and HLA-A*0201-restricted CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL response by exosomes derived from IL-18 gene-modified CEA-positive tumor cells. |
| 865 | 17016692 | We transfected carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-expressing tumor cells with a recombinant adenovirus encoding human IL-18 (AdhIL-18) and prepared the exosomes, Exo/IL-18, from IL-18 gene-modified tumor cells. |
| 866 | 17016692 | We found that Exo/IL-18 naturally contain CEA and bioactive IL-18. |
| 867 | 17016692 | Furthermore, Exo/IL-18-pulsed DC are quite potent to induce HLA-A*0201-restricted, CEA-specific CD8(+) CTL from the PBMC of HLA-A*0201 CEA(+) cancer patients in vitro. |
| 868 | 17032167 | These cytokines and chemokines included interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18, as potent inducers of IFN-gamma, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein (IP-10), the production of which is IFN-gamma dependent. |
| 869 | 17032167 | A coinjection of either IL-12 or IL-18 strongly suppressed the humoral antibody responses but increased the production of the Th1-type cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 from immune T cells. |
| 870 | 17032167 | On the other hand, IP-10 exhibited enhanced immune responses in both antibody responses and IFN-gamma production of immune T cells and facilitated the prolonged survival of infected mice. |
| 871 | 17032167 | These cytokines and chemokines included interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18, as potent inducers of IFN-gamma, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein (IP-10), the production of which is IFN-gamma dependent. |
| 872 | 17032167 | A coinjection of either IL-12 or IL-18 strongly suppressed the humoral antibody responses but increased the production of the Th1-type cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 from immune T cells. |
| 873 | 17032167 | On the other hand, IP-10 exhibited enhanced immune responses in both antibody responses and IFN-gamma production of immune T cells and facilitated the prolonged survival of infected mice. |
| 874 | 17070626 | Compared to unvaccinated infected chickens, vaccinated protected birds had lower expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and IL-18 genes in spleen. |
| 875 | 17070626 | However, there was no difference between these two groups of birds in the expression of interferon (IFN)-gamma, IL-4, IL-12 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes on day 21 post-infection. |
| 876 | 17077176 | Injection of IL-12- and IL-18-encoding plasmids ameliorates the autoimmune pathology of MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6lpr mice: synergistic effect on autoimmune symptoms. |
| 877 | 17077176 | IL-12 and IL-18 are mediators involved in the onset and progression of the autoimmune disease developing in MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6(lpr) (lpr) mice, which display symptoms similar to the human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 878 | 17077176 | The pathology is characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and auto-antibody-mediated multiple organ failure, e.g. glomerulonephritis, or pneumonitis and a concomitant increase in serum levels for IFNgamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). |
| 879 | 17077176 | In this study, we intramuscularly injected lpr mice with plasmids encoding IL-12 and IL-18, either alone or in combination, in order to affect the development of the autoimmune disease. |
| 880 | 17077176 | Five biweekly injections of the combined plasmids starting at 4-5 weeks of age diminished serum levels of TNFalpha and reduced the ability of lymphocytes from treated mice to produce IFNgamma in vitro. |
| 881 | 17077176 | We conclude that IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically affect the pathogenesis of the T(h)1-dependent autoimmune syndrome of lpr mice and that approaches that target both IL-12 and IL-18 may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of autoimmune SLE. |
| 882 | 17077176 | Injection of IL-12- and IL-18-encoding plasmids ameliorates the autoimmune pathology of MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6lpr mice: synergistic effect on autoimmune symptoms. |
| 883 | 17077176 | IL-12 and IL-18 are mediators involved in the onset and progression of the autoimmune disease developing in MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6(lpr) (lpr) mice, which display symptoms similar to the human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 884 | 17077176 | The pathology is characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and auto-antibody-mediated multiple organ failure, e.g. glomerulonephritis, or pneumonitis and a concomitant increase in serum levels for IFNgamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). |
| 885 | 17077176 | In this study, we intramuscularly injected lpr mice with plasmids encoding IL-12 and IL-18, either alone or in combination, in order to affect the development of the autoimmune disease. |
| 886 | 17077176 | Five biweekly injections of the combined plasmids starting at 4-5 weeks of age diminished serum levels of TNFalpha and reduced the ability of lymphocytes from treated mice to produce IFNgamma in vitro. |
| 887 | 17077176 | We conclude that IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically affect the pathogenesis of the T(h)1-dependent autoimmune syndrome of lpr mice and that approaches that target both IL-12 and IL-18 may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of autoimmune SLE. |
| 888 | 17077176 | Injection of IL-12- and IL-18-encoding plasmids ameliorates the autoimmune pathology of MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6lpr mice: synergistic effect on autoimmune symptoms. |
| 889 | 17077176 | IL-12 and IL-18 are mediators involved in the onset and progression of the autoimmune disease developing in MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6(lpr) (lpr) mice, which display symptoms similar to the human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 890 | 17077176 | The pathology is characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and auto-antibody-mediated multiple organ failure, e.g. glomerulonephritis, or pneumonitis and a concomitant increase in serum levels for IFNgamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). |
| 891 | 17077176 | In this study, we intramuscularly injected lpr mice with plasmids encoding IL-12 and IL-18, either alone or in combination, in order to affect the development of the autoimmune disease. |
| 892 | 17077176 | Five biweekly injections of the combined plasmids starting at 4-5 weeks of age diminished serum levels of TNFalpha and reduced the ability of lymphocytes from treated mice to produce IFNgamma in vitro. |
| 893 | 17077176 | We conclude that IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically affect the pathogenesis of the T(h)1-dependent autoimmune syndrome of lpr mice and that approaches that target both IL-12 and IL-18 may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of autoimmune SLE. |
| 894 | 17077176 | Injection of IL-12- and IL-18-encoding plasmids ameliorates the autoimmune pathology of MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6lpr mice: synergistic effect on autoimmune symptoms. |
| 895 | 17077176 | IL-12 and IL-18 are mediators involved in the onset and progression of the autoimmune disease developing in MRL/Mp-Tnfrsf6(lpr) (lpr) mice, which display symptoms similar to the human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 896 | 17077176 | The pathology is characterized by progressive lymphadenopathy and auto-antibody-mediated multiple organ failure, e.g. glomerulonephritis, or pneumonitis and a concomitant increase in serum levels for IFNgamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). |
| 897 | 17077176 | In this study, we intramuscularly injected lpr mice with plasmids encoding IL-12 and IL-18, either alone or in combination, in order to affect the development of the autoimmune disease. |
| 898 | 17077176 | Five biweekly injections of the combined plasmids starting at 4-5 weeks of age diminished serum levels of TNFalpha and reduced the ability of lymphocytes from treated mice to produce IFNgamma in vitro. |
| 899 | 17077176 | We conclude that IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically affect the pathogenesis of the T(h)1-dependent autoimmune syndrome of lpr mice and that approaches that target both IL-12 and IL-18 may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of autoimmune SLE. |
| 900 | 17178781 | Here we report that natural killer cells from the livers of naïve uninfected mice produced IFN-gamma when challenged with live bacteria in vitro and that the responses were greatly increased by coactivation of the cells with either recombinant interleukin-12 (IL-12) or IL-18. |
| 901 | 17178781 | Neutralizing antibodies to either IL-12 or IL-18 inhibited IFN-gamma production in vitro, and mice deficient in the p35 subunit of IL-12 failed to show IFN-gamma responses to bacterial challenge either in vitro or in vivo. |
| 902 | 17178781 | Clinical isolates of highly virulent type A Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis organisms were comparable to the live attenuated vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in their ability to induce IL-12 and IFN-gamma expression. |
| 903 | 17178781 | These findings demonstrate that cells capable of mounting IFN-gamma responses to F. tularensis are resident within the livers of uninfected mice and depend on coactivation by IL-12 and IL-18 for optimum responses. |
| 904 | 17178781 | Here we report that natural killer cells from the livers of naïve uninfected mice produced IFN-gamma when challenged with live bacteria in vitro and that the responses were greatly increased by coactivation of the cells with either recombinant interleukin-12 (IL-12) or IL-18. |
| 905 | 17178781 | Neutralizing antibodies to either IL-12 or IL-18 inhibited IFN-gamma production in vitro, and mice deficient in the p35 subunit of IL-12 failed to show IFN-gamma responses to bacterial challenge either in vitro or in vivo. |
| 906 | 17178781 | Clinical isolates of highly virulent type A Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis organisms were comparable to the live attenuated vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in their ability to induce IL-12 and IFN-gamma expression. |
| 907 | 17178781 | These findings demonstrate that cells capable of mounting IFN-gamma responses to F. tularensis are resident within the livers of uninfected mice and depend on coactivation by IL-12 and IL-18 for optimum responses. |
| 908 | 17178781 | Here we report that natural killer cells from the livers of naïve uninfected mice produced IFN-gamma when challenged with live bacteria in vitro and that the responses were greatly increased by coactivation of the cells with either recombinant interleukin-12 (IL-12) or IL-18. |
| 909 | 17178781 | Neutralizing antibodies to either IL-12 or IL-18 inhibited IFN-gamma production in vitro, and mice deficient in the p35 subunit of IL-12 failed to show IFN-gamma responses to bacterial challenge either in vitro or in vivo. |
| 910 | 17178781 | Clinical isolates of highly virulent type A Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis organisms were comparable to the live attenuated vaccine strain of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in their ability to induce IL-12 and IFN-gamma expression. |
| 911 | 17178781 | These findings demonstrate that cells capable of mounting IFN-gamma responses to F. tularensis are resident within the livers of uninfected mice and depend on coactivation by IL-12 and IL-18 for optimum responses. |
| 912 | 17182597 | It consisted of plasmids encoding murine IL-12 and IL-18 for a DNA-based vaccine and conventional Th1 type adjuvant, Quil A, for a protein-based vaccine. |
| 913 | 17182597 | Importantly, potent anticancer CD8(+)-cytotoxic lymphocytes were generated after immunization with the DNA-based, but not protein-based, BORIS vaccine. |
| 914 | 17215523 | In contrast to expectations, BrdU incorporation experiments demonstrated that CTLA-4 expression was associated with normal or even enhanced in vivo proliferation of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vaccinia virus infection. |
| 915 | 17215523 | When compared with CTLA-4- T cells directly ex vivo, CTLA-4+ T cells also exhibited normal antiviral effector functions following stimulation with peptide-coated cells, virus-infected cells, plate-bound anti-CD3/anti-CTLA-4, or the cytokines IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 916 | 17292519 | Intradermal vaccination of MUC1 transgenic mice with MUC1/IL-18 plasmid DNA suppresses experimental pulmonary metastases. |
| 917 | 17292519 | Toward this goal, DNA plasmids encoding human MUC1 (pMUC1) and mouse interleukin-18 (pmuIL-18) were developed, and previous work demonstrated pMUC1/pmuIL18 vaccination protected MUC1 transgenic mice (MUC1.Tg) from subcutaneous tumor challenge. |
| 918 | 17292519 | Finally, in vivo antibody-mediated lymphocyte depletion and neutralization of interferon gamma (IFNgamma) revealed that CD8+ T cells and IFNgamma mediate the anti-tumor immunity. |
| 919 | 17292519 | Intradermal vaccination of MUC1 transgenic mice with MUC1/IL-18 plasmid DNA suppresses experimental pulmonary metastases. |
| 920 | 17292519 | Toward this goal, DNA plasmids encoding human MUC1 (pMUC1) and mouse interleukin-18 (pmuIL-18) were developed, and previous work demonstrated pMUC1/pmuIL18 vaccination protected MUC1 transgenic mice (MUC1.Tg) from subcutaneous tumor challenge. |
| 921 | 17292519 | Finally, in vivo antibody-mediated lymphocyte depletion and neutralization of interferon gamma (IFNgamma) revealed that CD8+ T cells and IFNgamma mediate the anti-tumor immunity. |
| 922 | 17321645 | IL-4 or IL-18 had little or no effect. |
| 923 | 17410612 | Recombinant bacteria carrying eukaryotic expression vectors encoding the murine IL-4 or IL-18 genes were administered to groups of mice with established subcutaneous melanoma tumors. |
| 924 | 17462500 | alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-18 gene-modified dendritic cells effectively stimulate specific type-1 CD4- and CD8-mediated T-Cell response from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Vitro. |
| 925 | 17462500 | In this study, we analyzed whether dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be transduced with the IL-18 gene and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, and we examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DC can induce stronger therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 926 | 17462500 | The results showed that DC transfected with AdIL-18/AFP can expressed IL-18 and AFP by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay. |
| 927 | 17462500 | Most importantly, The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against HepG2 with DC expressing AFP(AFP-DC) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the IL-18 gene. |
| 928 | 17462500 | These results indicate that a vaccination therapy using DC co-transduced with the TAA gene and IL-18 genes is effective strategy for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, CD4+ T, cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 929 | 17462500 | alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-18 gene-modified dendritic cells effectively stimulate specific type-1 CD4- and CD8-mediated T-Cell response from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Vitro. |
| 930 | 17462500 | In this study, we analyzed whether dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be transduced with the IL-18 gene and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, and we examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DC can induce stronger therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 931 | 17462500 | The results showed that DC transfected with AdIL-18/AFP can expressed IL-18 and AFP by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay. |
| 932 | 17462500 | Most importantly, The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against HepG2 with DC expressing AFP(AFP-DC) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the IL-18 gene. |
| 933 | 17462500 | These results indicate that a vaccination therapy using DC co-transduced with the TAA gene and IL-18 genes is effective strategy for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, CD4+ T, cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 934 | 17462500 | alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-18 gene-modified dendritic cells effectively stimulate specific type-1 CD4- and CD8-mediated T-Cell response from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Vitro. |
| 935 | 17462500 | In this study, we analyzed whether dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be transduced with the IL-18 gene and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, and we examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DC can induce stronger therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 936 | 17462500 | The results showed that DC transfected with AdIL-18/AFP can expressed IL-18 and AFP by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay. |
| 937 | 17462500 | Most importantly, The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against HepG2 with DC expressing AFP(AFP-DC) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the IL-18 gene. |
| 938 | 17462500 | These results indicate that a vaccination therapy using DC co-transduced with the TAA gene and IL-18 genes is effective strategy for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, CD4+ T, cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 939 | 17462500 | alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-18 gene-modified dendritic cells effectively stimulate specific type-1 CD4- and CD8-mediated T-Cell response from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Vitro. |
| 940 | 17462500 | In this study, we analyzed whether dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be transduced with the IL-18 gene and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, and we examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DC can induce stronger therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 941 | 17462500 | The results showed that DC transfected with AdIL-18/AFP can expressed IL-18 and AFP by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay. |
| 942 | 17462500 | Most importantly, The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against HepG2 with DC expressing AFP(AFP-DC) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the IL-18 gene. |
| 943 | 17462500 | These results indicate that a vaccination therapy using DC co-transduced with the TAA gene and IL-18 genes is effective strategy for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, CD4+ T, cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 944 | 17462500 | alpha-fetoprotein and interleukin-18 gene-modified dendritic cells effectively stimulate specific type-1 CD4- and CD8-mediated T-Cell response from hepatocellular carcinoma patients in Vitro. |
| 945 | 17462500 | In this study, we analyzed whether dendritic cells (DCs) from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be transduced with the IL-18 gene and/or alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) gene, and we examined whether vaccinations using these genetically engineered DC can induce stronger therapeutic antitumor immunity. |
| 946 | 17462500 | The results showed that DC transfected with AdIL-18/AFP can expressed IL-18 and AFP by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunoassay. |
| 947 | 17462500 | Most importantly, The cytotoxic activity of CTLs against HepG2 with DC expressing AFP(AFP-DC) was significantly augmented by co-transduction with the IL-18 gene. |
| 948 | 17462500 | These results indicate that a vaccination therapy using DC co-transduced with the TAA gene and IL-18 genes is effective strategy for immunotherapy in terms of the activation of DCs, CD4+ T, cells and CD8+ T cells, and may be useful in the clinical application of a cancer vaccine therapy. |
| 949 | 17485153 | Both aluminum-containing adjuvants significantly increased the expression of CD86 on DCs but only aluminum hydroxide adjuvant also induced moderate expression of CD80. |
| 950 | 17485153 | Aluminum-containing adjuvants stimulated the release of IL-1beta and IL-18 from DCs via caspase-1 activation. |
| 951 | 17485153 | In contrast, DCs incubated with aluminum/OVA activated CD4(+) T cells to secrete IL-4 and IL-5 as well as IFN-gamma. |
| 952 | 17485153 | Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-1beta antibodies decreased IL-5 production and addition of anti-IL-18 antibodies decreased both IL-4 and IL-5 production. |
| 953 | 17485153 | Inhibition of IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion by DCs via inhibition of caspase-1 also led to a marked decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 by CD4(+) T cells. |
| 954 | 17485153 | These results indicate that aluminum-containing adjuvants activate DCs and influence their ability to direct T(H)1 and T(H)2 responses through the secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 955 | 17485153 | Both aluminum-containing adjuvants significantly increased the expression of CD86 on DCs but only aluminum hydroxide adjuvant also induced moderate expression of CD80. |
| 956 | 17485153 | Aluminum-containing adjuvants stimulated the release of IL-1beta and IL-18 from DCs via caspase-1 activation. |
| 957 | 17485153 | In contrast, DCs incubated with aluminum/OVA activated CD4(+) T cells to secrete IL-4 and IL-5 as well as IFN-gamma. |
| 958 | 17485153 | Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-1beta antibodies decreased IL-5 production and addition of anti-IL-18 antibodies decreased both IL-4 and IL-5 production. |
| 959 | 17485153 | Inhibition of IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion by DCs via inhibition of caspase-1 also led to a marked decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 by CD4(+) T cells. |
| 960 | 17485153 | These results indicate that aluminum-containing adjuvants activate DCs and influence their ability to direct T(H)1 and T(H)2 responses through the secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 961 | 17485153 | Both aluminum-containing adjuvants significantly increased the expression of CD86 on DCs but only aluminum hydroxide adjuvant also induced moderate expression of CD80. |
| 962 | 17485153 | Aluminum-containing adjuvants stimulated the release of IL-1beta and IL-18 from DCs via caspase-1 activation. |
| 963 | 17485153 | In contrast, DCs incubated with aluminum/OVA activated CD4(+) T cells to secrete IL-4 and IL-5 as well as IFN-gamma. |
| 964 | 17485153 | Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-1beta antibodies decreased IL-5 production and addition of anti-IL-18 antibodies decreased both IL-4 and IL-5 production. |
| 965 | 17485153 | Inhibition of IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion by DCs via inhibition of caspase-1 also led to a marked decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 by CD4(+) T cells. |
| 966 | 17485153 | These results indicate that aluminum-containing adjuvants activate DCs and influence their ability to direct T(H)1 and T(H)2 responses through the secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 967 | 17485153 | Both aluminum-containing adjuvants significantly increased the expression of CD86 on DCs but only aluminum hydroxide adjuvant also induced moderate expression of CD80. |
| 968 | 17485153 | Aluminum-containing adjuvants stimulated the release of IL-1beta and IL-18 from DCs via caspase-1 activation. |
| 969 | 17485153 | In contrast, DCs incubated with aluminum/OVA activated CD4(+) T cells to secrete IL-4 and IL-5 as well as IFN-gamma. |
| 970 | 17485153 | Addition of neutralizing anti-IL-1beta antibodies decreased IL-5 production and addition of anti-IL-18 antibodies decreased both IL-4 and IL-5 production. |
| 971 | 17485153 | Inhibition of IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion by DCs via inhibition of caspase-1 also led to a marked decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 by CD4(+) T cells. |
| 972 | 17485153 | These results indicate that aluminum-containing adjuvants activate DCs and influence their ability to direct T(H)1 and T(H)2 responses through the secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 973 | 17495947 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an essential cytokine for the generation of Th1 response and natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activation. |
| 974 | 17495947 | As MBD2 and IL-18 appear to function on different components required by an effective antitumor immune response including both innate and adaptive immunity, we investigated whether combinatorial delivery of MBD2 and IL-18 transduced L1210 cells could elicit synergistic antileukemia effects. |
| 975 | 17495947 | First, we constructed a single plasmid vector carrying both pro-IL-18 and IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) genes, and found that transfection of this vector into L1210 cells resulted in efficient secretion of bioactive IL-18. |
| 976 | 17495947 | These results suggest that the combination of MBD2 and IL-18 induces more effective antileukemia activity and provides a promising strategy for cancer therapy. |
| 977 | 17495947 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an essential cytokine for the generation of Th1 response and natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activation. |
| 978 | 17495947 | As MBD2 and IL-18 appear to function on different components required by an effective antitumor immune response including both innate and adaptive immunity, we investigated whether combinatorial delivery of MBD2 and IL-18 transduced L1210 cells could elicit synergistic antileukemia effects. |
| 979 | 17495947 | First, we constructed a single plasmid vector carrying both pro-IL-18 and IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) genes, and found that transfection of this vector into L1210 cells resulted in efficient secretion of bioactive IL-18. |
| 980 | 17495947 | These results suggest that the combination of MBD2 and IL-18 induces more effective antileukemia activity and provides a promising strategy for cancer therapy. |
| 981 | 17495947 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an essential cytokine for the generation of Th1 response and natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activation. |
| 982 | 17495947 | As MBD2 and IL-18 appear to function on different components required by an effective antitumor immune response including both innate and adaptive immunity, we investigated whether combinatorial delivery of MBD2 and IL-18 transduced L1210 cells could elicit synergistic antileukemia effects. |
| 983 | 17495947 | First, we constructed a single plasmid vector carrying both pro-IL-18 and IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) genes, and found that transfection of this vector into L1210 cells resulted in efficient secretion of bioactive IL-18. |
| 984 | 17495947 | These results suggest that the combination of MBD2 and IL-18 induces more effective antileukemia activity and provides a promising strategy for cancer therapy. |
| 985 | 17495947 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an essential cytokine for the generation of Th1 response and natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activation. |
| 986 | 17495947 | As MBD2 and IL-18 appear to function on different components required by an effective antitumor immune response including both innate and adaptive immunity, we investigated whether combinatorial delivery of MBD2 and IL-18 transduced L1210 cells could elicit synergistic antileukemia effects. |
| 987 | 17495947 | First, we constructed a single plasmid vector carrying both pro-IL-18 and IL-1beta converting enzyme (ICE) genes, and found that transfection of this vector into L1210 cells resulted in efficient secretion of bioactive IL-18. |
| 988 | 17495947 | These results suggest that the combination of MBD2 and IL-18 induces more effective antileukemia activity and provides a promising strategy for cancer therapy. |
| 989 | 17570108 | Fever after smallpox vaccination is associated with specific haplotypes in the interleukin (IL)-1 gene complex and in the IL18 gene. |
| 990 | 17570108 | Our results indicate that certain haplotypes in the IL-1 gene complex and in IL18 and IL4 predict an altered likelihood of the development of fever after smallpox vaccination. |
| 991 | 17570108 | Fever after smallpox vaccination is associated with specific haplotypes in the interleukin (IL)-1 gene complex and in the IL18 gene. |
| 992 | 17570108 | Our results indicate that certain haplotypes in the IL-1 gene complex and in IL18 and IL4 predict an altered likelihood of the development of fever after smallpox vaccination. |
| 993 | 17678715 | Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-10, IL-18 and IFN-gamma) were measured by ELISA in plasma and washes from the terminal small bowel 24h after oral challenge. |
| 994 | 17678715 | Unlike the infection with the wild type strain, no IFN-gamma response and low IL-18 intestinal levels were found in pigs infected with the protease mutants. |
| 995 | 17678715 | IFN-gamma and IL-18 response therefore did not correlate with the virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium. |
| 996 | 17678715 | Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-10, IL-18 and IFN-gamma) were measured by ELISA in plasma and washes from the terminal small bowel 24h after oral challenge. |
| 997 | 17678715 | Unlike the infection with the wild type strain, no IFN-gamma response and low IL-18 intestinal levels were found in pigs infected with the protease mutants. |
| 998 | 17678715 | IFN-gamma and IL-18 response therefore did not correlate with the virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium. |
| 999 | 17678715 | Cytokine levels (IL-4, IL-10, IL-18 and IFN-gamma) were measured by ELISA in plasma and washes from the terminal small bowel 24h after oral challenge. |
| 1000 | 17678715 | Unlike the infection with the wild type strain, no IFN-gamma response and low IL-18 intestinal levels were found in pigs infected with the protease mutants. |
| 1001 | 17678715 | IFN-gamma and IL-18 response therefore did not correlate with the virulence of Salmonella Typhimurium. |
| 1002 | 17709416 | Elevated numbers of granulocytes, CD8+ cells, and TCR1+ cells and mRNA expression rates for interleukin 12 (IL-12), IL-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha factor, and iNOS in cecum correlated well with the invasiveness of serovars in the lamina propria. |
| 1003 | 17709416 | In contrast, changes in numbers of TCR2+ and CD4+ cells and IL-2 mRNA expression seemed to be more dependent on infection of epithelial cells. |
| 1004 | 17875635 | Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 are both central to the induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and various roles for IL-12 and IL-18 in control of intracellular microbial infections have been demonstrated. |
| 1005 | 17875635 | We used IL-12p40(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) mice to further investigate the role of IL-12 and IL-18 in control of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. |
| 1006 | 17875635 | In addition, we demonstrated by flow cytometry that equivalent or increased numbers of T cells produced IFN-gamma in IL-12p40(-/-) mice compared with the numbers of T cells that produced IFN-gamma in C57BL/6 and IL-18(-/-) mice. |
| 1007 | 17875635 | Our results suggest that IL-12p40, but not IL-18, is critical to resolution of infections with attenuated S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and that especially the effects of IL-12p40 on proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells, but not the ability of these cells to produce IFN-gamma, are important in the resolution of infection by this intracellular bacterial pathogen. |
| 1008 | 17875635 | Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 are both central to the induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and various roles for IL-12 and IL-18 in control of intracellular microbial infections have been demonstrated. |
| 1009 | 17875635 | We used IL-12p40(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) mice to further investigate the role of IL-12 and IL-18 in control of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. |
| 1010 | 17875635 | In addition, we demonstrated by flow cytometry that equivalent or increased numbers of T cells produced IFN-gamma in IL-12p40(-/-) mice compared with the numbers of T cells that produced IFN-gamma in C57BL/6 and IL-18(-/-) mice. |
| 1011 | 17875635 | Our results suggest that IL-12p40, but not IL-18, is critical to resolution of infections with attenuated S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and that especially the effects of IL-12p40 on proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells, but not the ability of these cells to produce IFN-gamma, are important in the resolution of infection by this intracellular bacterial pathogen. |
| 1012 | 17875635 | Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 are both central to the induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and various roles for IL-12 and IL-18 in control of intracellular microbial infections have been demonstrated. |
| 1013 | 17875635 | We used IL-12p40(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) mice to further investigate the role of IL-12 and IL-18 in control of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. |
| 1014 | 17875635 | In addition, we demonstrated by flow cytometry that equivalent or increased numbers of T cells produced IFN-gamma in IL-12p40(-/-) mice compared with the numbers of T cells that produced IFN-gamma in C57BL/6 and IL-18(-/-) mice. |
| 1015 | 17875635 | Our results suggest that IL-12p40, but not IL-18, is critical to resolution of infections with attenuated S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and that especially the effects of IL-12p40 on proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells, but not the ability of these cells to produce IFN-gamma, are important in the resolution of infection by this intracellular bacterial pathogen. |
| 1016 | 17875635 | Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 are both central to the induction of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), and various roles for IL-12 and IL-18 in control of intracellular microbial infections have been demonstrated. |
| 1017 | 17875635 | We used IL-12p40(-/-) and IL-18(-/-) mice to further investigate the role of IL-12 and IL-18 in control of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. |
| 1018 | 17875635 | In addition, we demonstrated by flow cytometry that equivalent or increased numbers of T cells produced IFN-gamma in IL-12p40(-/-) mice compared with the numbers of T cells that produced IFN-gamma in C57BL/6 and IL-18(-/-) mice. |
| 1019 | 17875635 | Our results suggest that IL-12p40, but not IL-18, is critical to resolution of infections with attenuated S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and that especially the effects of IL-12p40 on proliferative responses of CD4+ T cells, but not the ability of these cells to produce IFN-gamma, are important in the resolution of infection by this intracellular bacterial pathogen. |
| 1020 | 17912460 | When compared to monotherapy, the anti-neoplastic efficacy was significantly enhanced when intratumoral Ad.VSV-G administration was combined with adenovirus vectors encoding IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, IL-21, or GM-CSF. |
| 1021 | 18359518 | In spleen samples of IBV-infected animals reduced expression of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18 and IFN-gamma mRNA was found 1dpi. |
| 1022 | 18562051 | Co-injection of pVAX/mIL-18 significantly increased the production of IFN-gamma and IL-12, indicating that IL-18 enhances the Th1-dominant immune response. |
| 1023 | 18566365 | We have recently shown that alum activates caspase-1 and induces secretion of mature IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 1024 | 18566365 | In this study we show that, in human and mouse macrophages, alum-induced secretion of IL-1beta, IL-18, and IL-33 is mediated by the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing) protein NLRP3 and its adaptor ASC, but not by NLRC4. |
| 1025 | 18566365 | We have recently shown that alum activates caspase-1 and induces secretion of mature IL-1beta and IL-18. |
| 1026 | 18566365 | In this study we show that, in human and mouse macrophages, alum-induced secretion of IL-1beta, IL-18, and IL-33 is mediated by the NLR (nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat-containing) protein NLRP3 and its adaptor ASC, but not by NLRC4. |
| 1027 | 18566447 | However, DC/breast cancer fusions stimulate a mixed T cell response characterized by the expansion of both activated and regulatory T cell populations, the latter of which is characterized by expression of CTLA-4, FOXP3, IL-10, and the suppression of T cell responses. |
| 1028 | 18566447 | Our results demonstrate that IL-12, IL-18, and TLR 9 agonist CpG oligodeoxynucleotides reduce the level of fusion-mediated regulatory T cell expansion. |
| 1029 | 18602490 | Escheriosomes entrapped DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and IL-18 confers protection against Brucella abortus. |
| 1030 | 18602490 | In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. |
| 1031 | 18602490 | The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. |
| 1032 | 18602490 | The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. |
| 1033 | 18602490 | The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens. |
| 1034 | 18602490 | Escheriosomes entrapped DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and IL-18 confers protection against Brucella abortus. |
| 1035 | 18602490 | In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. |
| 1036 | 18602490 | The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. |
| 1037 | 18602490 | The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. |
| 1038 | 18602490 | The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens. |
| 1039 | 18602490 | Escheriosomes entrapped DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and IL-18 confers protection against Brucella abortus. |
| 1040 | 18602490 | In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. |
| 1041 | 18602490 | The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. |
| 1042 | 18602490 | The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. |
| 1043 | 18602490 | The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens. |
| 1044 | 18602490 | Escheriosomes entrapped DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and IL-18 confers protection against Brucella abortus. |
| 1045 | 18602490 | In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. |
| 1046 | 18602490 | The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. |
| 1047 | 18602490 | The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. |
| 1048 | 18602490 | The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens. |
| 1049 | 18602490 | Escheriosomes entrapped DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase and IL-18 confers protection against Brucella abortus. |
| 1050 | 18602490 | In the present study, we evaluated prophylactic prospective of liposome based DNA vaccine co-expressing Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with interleukin-18 (IL-18) against experimental murine brucellosis. |
| 1051 | 18602490 | The immunization schedule involves liposome-mediated delivery of pVsod (encoding SOD of Brucella abortus) and pVIL18-sod (encoding IL-18 of mouse and SOD of B. abortus) DNA constructs. |
| 1052 | 18602490 | The co-expression of SOD along with IL-18 ensued in higher lymphoproliferative response and IFN-gamma production in comparison to the group of animals that were immunized with free form of SOD-DNA. |
| 1053 | 18602490 | The results of the present study show that co-expression of IL-18 along with SOD polarized the antigen specific immune responses toward Th-1 direction, a desirable feature to control intracellular pathogens. |
| 1054 | 18779046 | The inflammasome is a large multiprotein complex whose assembly leads to the activation of caspase-1, which promotes the maturation of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-18. |
| 1055 | 18818761 | Distinct effects of IL-18 on the engraftment and function of human effector CD8 T cells and regulatory T cells. |
| 1056 | 18818761 | IL-18 enhanced the engraftment of human CD8(+) effector T cells and promoted the development of xenogeneic graft versus host disease (GVHD). |
| 1057 | 18818761 | In marked contrast, IL-18 had reciprocal effects on the engraftment of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the xenografted mice. |
| 1058 | 18818761 | In vitro experiments indicated that the expression of the IL-18Ralpha was induced on both CD4 and CD8 effector T cells and Tregs, and that the duration of expression was less sustained on Tregs. |
| 1059 | 18818761 | Distinct effects of IL-18 on the engraftment and function of human effector CD8 T cells and regulatory T cells. |
| 1060 | 18818761 | IL-18 enhanced the engraftment of human CD8(+) effector T cells and promoted the development of xenogeneic graft versus host disease (GVHD). |
| 1061 | 18818761 | In marked contrast, IL-18 had reciprocal effects on the engraftment of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the xenografted mice. |
| 1062 | 18818761 | In vitro experiments indicated that the expression of the IL-18Ralpha was induced on both CD4 and CD8 effector T cells and Tregs, and that the duration of expression was less sustained on Tregs. |
| 1063 | 18818761 | Distinct effects of IL-18 on the engraftment and function of human effector CD8 T cells and regulatory T cells. |
| 1064 | 18818761 | IL-18 enhanced the engraftment of human CD8(+) effector T cells and promoted the development of xenogeneic graft versus host disease (GVHD). |
| 1065 | 18818761 | In marked contrast, IL-18 had reciprocal effects on the engraftment of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the xenografted mice. |
| 1066 | 18818761 | In vitro experiments indicated that the expression of the IL-18Ralpha was induced on both CD4 and CD8 effector T cells and Tregs, and that the duration of expression was less sustained on Tregs. |
| 1067 | 18940198 | While it is well established that CD4(+) T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the initiation, progression and persistence of asthma, the role of CD8(+) T cells is less understood. |
| 1068 | 18940198 | CD8(+) T cells form functionally similar subsets which exhibit similar cytokine profiles as Th1 and Th2 cells, known as Tc1 and Tc2. |
| 1069 | 18940198 | Evidence from animal studies suggest that CD8(+) T cells are capable of regulating IgE production through the induction of IL-12 and IL-18 production in dendritic cells, and that CD8(+) T cells may act to moderate Th2 polarisation within the localised lymph nodes during allergic sensitisation. |
| 1070 | 19209886 | Of these, eight immunoreactive proteins represented homologues of the known mycobacterial antigens, namely heat shock protein GroEL, antigen 85A, elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), L-asparaginase, polyketide synthase, PE-PGRS, PPE, and superoxide dismutase (SOD). |
| 1071 | 19209886 | The secretome eluate caused up-regulation of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-18 and down-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, implying a potential of the secreted antigens to cause host immune response underlying the M. immunogenum-induced lung disease HP. |
| 1072 | 19467215 | Co-injection of pVAX/mIL-18 significantly increased the production of IFN-gamma and IL-2 compared with pVAX/SjFABP alone, indicating that IL-18 enhances the Th1-dominant immune response. |
| 1073 | 19501527 | A number of the NLR family members can form inflammasomes, which are multiprotein complexes that can activate caspase-1 and ultimately lead to the processing and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-18 and IL-33. |
| 1074 | 19948265 | Interleukin-18 (IL-18) can induce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production and promote Th1 immunity, and hence, it modulates immune functions. |
| 1075 | 19948265 | Vaccination with cell-cultured Newcastle disease vaccine (NDTC) co-administrated with pCHIL18-F, pCHIL18-M or euCHIL18 resulted in significant increments of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers, cell proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and ratios of CD8(+) to CD4(+) in chickens compared with inoculation of PBS or NDTC alone. |
| 1076 | 20097110 | Interferon (IFN)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α peaked in BALF 24-30h PI, when virus titres and the severity of clinical signs were maximal. |
| 1077 | 20097110 | Whereas IFN-γ and IL-12, but not IL-18, increased in tandem in BALF, serum cytokine concentrations were either undetectable or were up to 100-fold lower. |
| 1078 | 20097110 | The APP C-reactive protein (CRP) and haptoglobin peaked 24h later than the cytokines and reached higher levels in serum than in BALF. |
| 1079 | 20097110 | Lung virus titres tightly correlated with BALF IFN-α, IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-12, as well as with serum IL-6, IFN-α and IFN-γ. |
| 1080 | 20097110 | Signs of disease correlated with the same cytokines in BALF and serum, as well as with BALF LBP and serum CRP. |
| 1081 | 20099135 | The activity of several potent adjuvants, including incomplete Freund's adjuvant, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, and alum, has been shown to be due at least in part to the induction of cytokines, including type I interferons (IFNs), IFN-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-12, that play key roles in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. |
| 1082 | 20099135 | Although a number of cytokines including IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, IL-21, GM-CSF, and Flt-3 ligand have been shown to potentiate the immune response to vaccination in various experimental models, the full potential of cytokines as vaccine adjuvants remains to be established. |
| 1083 | 20132954 | Co-injection of pVAX/mIL-18 significantly increased the production of IFN-gamma and IL-2. |
| 1084 | 20219878 | Compared to the levels in the controls, the levels of alpha interferon (IFN-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-12, and IFN-gamma were increased in TBLN homogenates from PRV-infected pigs at 1 dpi, whereas the IL-18 levels were decreased from 3 to 6 dpi. |
| 1085 | 20219878 | The protein levels of IL-4 and IL-10 did not differ between the controls and the PRV-infected pigs at any time point. |
| 1086 | 20219878 | Flow cytometric analysis of TBLN homogenates of PRV-infected pigs and the controls revealed increases in the percentages of B cells at 6 dpi, CD4(+) cells at 14 dpi, and CD25 expression in TBLN homogenates (in the total mononuclear fraction and on B cells) in the PRV-infected pigs. |
| 1087 | 20231414 | YopJ/P kills macrophages and dendritic cells, reduces their production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), and promotes systemic colonization in mouse models of intestinal Yersinia infection. |
| 1088 | 20231414 | Surprisingly, YopJ-promoted cytotoxicity and systemic colonization were associated with significant increases in neutrophils in spleens and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-18 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) in serum samples of mice vaccinated with Y. pseudotuberculosis. |
| 1089 | 20308420 | In particular, there seems to be effects on cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression levels in both lymphocytes and heterophils, especially expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-18 and chemokines C-C motif, ligand 1 inflammatory (CCLi1); C-C motif, ligand 2 inflammatory (CCLi2); C-C motif, ligand 5 (CCL5); C-C motif, ligand 16 (CCL16); C-X-C motif ligand 1 inflammatory (CXCLi1); and C-X-C motif ligand 2 inflammatory (CXCLi2), which are initially upregulated and are potentially involved in modulating the adaptive immune response. |
| 1090 | 20308420 | Messenger RNA expression levels of transforming growth factor-beta4 (TGF-beta4) are also upregulated in cortisosterone-treated birds. |
| 1091 | 20483237 | In fish, prior to pufferfish (Fugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) genome sequencing, only a handful of cytokines like IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGFbeta, some CXC (including IL-8) and CC chemokine genes were identified. |
| 1092 | 20483237 | Pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF's, IL-6 and IL-17 family have been cloned. |
| 1093 | 20483237 | Among the T(H)1 type interleukins, IL-2, IL-15, IL-12alpha, IL-12beta, IL-18 have been cloned. |
| 1094 | 20483237 | Among IL-10 and its family members, IL-10, IL-19/20, IL-22 and IL-26 have been discovered. |
| 1095 | 20483237 | However, T(H)2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13), IL-3, IL-7 and IL-9 are yet to be discovered from fish. |
| 1096 | 20533186 | The recruitment of NLRs, namely IPAF, NAIPs and NALPs, by various potentially harmful stimuli leads to the assembly of inflammasomes, multimeric caspase-activating complexes entailing the sensor NLR, intracellular adaptor proteins, and procaspase-1 and -5. |
| 1097 | 20533186 | The caspase activation is necessarily required for the processing and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-18, and IL-33. |
| 1098 | 20668142 | In cecal tonsil cells, substantial differences were found among strains in the capacity to induce IL-12p40, IL-10, IL-18, transforming growth factor beta4 (TGF-beta4), and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 1099 | 20679529 | This "recall" NK cell response was absolutely dependent on Ag-specific IL-2 from CD45RO(+) CD4(+) T cells as well as IL-12 and IL-18 from accessory cells. |
| 1100 | 20829398 | The ratios of CD4(+) to CD8(+) T lymphocytes in chickens immunized with pgB plus pIL-18 were significantly higher than in those immunized with pgB alone. |
| 1101 | 20829398 | Co-injection of pIL-18 significantly increased the production of gamma interferon and IL-2, indicating that IL-18 enhances the T helper 1-dominant immune response. |
| 1102 | 20863822 | There was statistically significant upregulation of costimulatory molecules and maturation markers (CD86, CD83, CD80 and CL II) in DC loaded with cryotreated whole tumour cells compared to both control DC and DC matured with LPS (P < 0.001). |
| 1103 | 20863822 | There was a significant increase in stimulatory cytokines gene expression (IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 and IFN-γ). |
| 1104 | 20863822 | The effect of different freezing temperature was equal. cDNA microarray analysis showed upregulation of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and cycline dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A (p21) and downregulation of Caspase 8 and BCL2. |
| 1105 | 20881038 | Interleukin-1 family cytokines as mucosal vaccine adjuvants for induction of protective immunity against influenza virus. |
| 1106 | 20881038 | In mice intranasally immunized with recombinant influenza virus hemagglutinin (rHA) plus one of the IL cytokines, IL-1 family cytokines (i.e., IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33) were found to increase Ag-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in plasma and IgA in mucosal secretions compared to those after immunization with rHA alone. |
| 1107 | 20881038 | Interestingly, the adjuvant effects of IL-18 and IL-33 were significantly decreased in mast cell-deficient W/W(v) mice, indicating that mast cells have an important role in induction of Ag-specific mucosal immune responses induced by IL-1 family cytokines. |
| 1108 | 20881038 | Interleukin-1 family cytokines as mucosal vaccine adjuvants for induction of protective immunity against influenza virus. |
| 1109 | 20881038 | In mice intranasally immunized with recombinant influenza virus hemagglutinin (rHA) plus one of the IL cytokines, IL-1 family cytokines (i.e., IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-33) were found to increase Ag-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in plasma and IgA in mucosal secretions compared to those after immunization with rHA alone. |
| 1110 | 20881038 | Interestingly, the adjuvant effects of IL-18 and IL-33 were significantly decreased in mast cell-deficient W/W(v) mice, indicating that mast cells have an important role in induction of Ag-specific mucosal immune responses induced by IL-1 family cytokines. |
| 1111 | 20921527 | Whereas wild-type strains induced low levels of cytokines, an F. tularensis ripA deletion mutant (LVSΔripA) provoked significant release of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α by resting macrophages. |
| 1112 | 20921527 | IL-1β and IL-18 secretion was dependent on inflammasome components pyrin-caspase recruitment domain/apoptotic speck-containing protein with a caspase recruitment domain and caspase-1, and the TLR/IL-1R signaling molecule MyD88 was required for inflammatory cytokine synthesis. |
| 1113 | 20921527 | The presence of ripA nearly eliminated activation of MAPKs including ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, and pharmacologic inhibitors of these three MAPKs reduced cytokine induction by LVSΔripA. |
| 1114 | 20921527 | Whereas wild-type strains induced low levels of cytokines, an F. tularensis ripA deletion mutant (LVSΔripA) provoked significant release of IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α by resting macrophages. |
| 1115 | 20921527 | IL-1β and IL-18 secretion was dependent on inflammasome components pyrin-caspase recruitment domain/apoptotic speck-containing protein with a caspase recruitment domain and caspase-1, and the TLR/IL-1R signaling molecule MyD88 was required for inflammatory cytokine synthesis. |
| 1116 | 20921527 | The presence of ripA nearly eliminated activation of MAPKs including ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, and pharmacologic inhibitors of these three MAPKs reduced cytokine induction by LVSΔripA. |
| 1117 | 20951182 | The ratios of CD4(+) to CD8(+) in chickens immunized with rFPV-S1/IL18 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in those immunized with rFPV-S1. |
| 1118 | 21031251 | The innate immune response mainly represented by Toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors that recognize their specific ligands, activate transcription factors as NF-kB, AP-1, CREB-1, inducing production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL -8, IL-12, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, TNF-α and IL-10. |
| 1119 | 21072873 | TLR5 or NLRC4 is necessary and sufficient for promotion of humoral immunity by flagellin. |
| 1120 | 21072873 | Thus, we examined the ability of flagellin to induce cytokines and elicit/promote murine antibody responses upon deletion of the flagellin receptors TLR5 and/or NLRC4 (also referred to as IPAF) using a prime/boost regimen. |
| 1121 | 21072873 | In TLR5-KO mice, flagellin failed to induce NF-κB-regulated cytokines such as keratinocyte-derived chemokine (CXCL1) but induced WT levels of the inflammasome cytokine IL-18 (IL-1F4). |
| 1122 | 21215344 | In addition, transient increase of cytokine transcripts (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-8, and IL-6 in the lung and iNOS, IL-18, and IL-6 in the spleen) was detected. |
| 1123 | 21215344 | Compared to chickens vaccinated with LP vaccines, HP vaccinated chickens had increased transcripts of iNOS at 5 dpv but decreased transcripts of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 at 10 dpv in the lung. |
| 1124 | 21215344 | In addition, transient increase of cytokine transcripts (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-8, and IL-6 in the lung and iNOS, IL-18, and IL-6 in the spleen) was detected. |
| 1125 | 21215344 | Compared to chickens vaccinated with LP vaccines, HP vaccinated chickens had increased transcripts of iNOS at 5 dpv but decreased transcripts of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 at 10 dpv in the lung. |
| 1126 | 21248035 | Antigen-specific T-cell responses to a recombinant fowlpox virus are dependent on MyD88 and interleukin-18 and independent of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)- and TLR9-mediated innate immune recognition. |
| 1127 | 21248035 | We show that Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9 are important for type I interferon secretion by dendritic cells, while TLR9 is solely required for proinflammatory cytokine secretion. |
| 1128 | 21248035 | Despite this functional role for TLR7 and TLR9 in vitro, only the adapter protein myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) was shown to be essential for the formation of adaptive immunity to FWPV(OVA) in vivo. |
| 1129 | 21248035 | We demonstrate that this is not by means of mediating T-cell-dependent interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling, but rather, we suggest that MyD88 functions to support T-cell-specific IL-18 receptor signaling, which in turn is essential for the formation of adaptive immunity to FWPV-encoded OVA. |
| 1130 | 21248035 | Antigen-specific T-cell responses to a recombinant fowlpox virus are dependent on MyD88 and interleukin-18 and independent of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7)- and TLR9-mediated innate immune recognition. |
| 1131 | 21248035 | We show that Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9 are important for type I interferon secretion by dendritic cells, while TLR9 is solely required for proinflammatory cytokine secretion. |
| 1132 | 21248035 | Despite this functional role for TLR7 and TLR9 in vitro, only the adapter protein myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) was shown to be essential for the formation of adaptive immunity to FWPV(OVA) in vivo. |
| 1133 | 21248035 | We demonstrate that this is not by means of mediating T-cell-dependent interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling, but rather, we suggest that MyD88 functions to support T-cell-specific IL-18 receptor signaling, which in turn is essential for the formation of adaptive immunity to FWPV-encoded OVA. |
| 1134 | 21538346 | The immunostimulatory properties conferred by vaccine adjuvants require caspase-1 for processing of IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1135 | 21538346 | Listeria monocytogenes is detected in the cytosol by the NLRC4, NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes. |
| 1136 | 21538346 | This strain hyperactivated caspase-1 and was preferentially cleared via NLRC4 detection in an IL-1β/IL-18 independent manner. |
| 1137 | 21538346 | The immunostimulatory properties conferred by vaccine adjuvants require caspase-1 for processing of IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1138 | 21538346 | Listeria monocytogenes is detected in the cytosol by the NLRC4, NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes. |
| 1139 | 21538346 | This strain hyperactivated caspase-1 and was preferentially cleared via NLRC4 detection in an IL-1β/IL-18 independent manner. |
| 1140 | 21565241 | In the present study, we aimed to investigate the immunogenic potential of fusogenic liposomes (escheriosomes) encapsulated recombinant Cu-Zn SOD (rSOD) protein alone or in combination with recombinant IL-18 (rIL-18). |
| 1141 | 21687419 | We further found that pre-treatment of hiPSCs with ionizing radiation promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), IL-12, and IL-18. |
| 1142 | 21719574 | Propolin D also significantly reduced the apoptosis of infected macrophage-like U937 cells and moderately reduced the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18, which probably resulted from the inhibition of invasion plasmid antigen B secretion by this compound. |
| 1143 | 21728003 | For the F48E9 group, a sharp increase of the expression of interferon-alpha (IFN-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-16 and IL-18 was observed on 3 d.p.i. before the NDV blood peak (7 d.p.i.), followed by a rapid decline to the level lower than that of control group, then the expression of IFN-α increased slowly and reached or exceeded the level of control group in the later phase of the infection, while the expression of IFN-γ, IL-16, and IL-18 fluctuated at the level of control group for the rest of study period. |
| 1144 | 21728003 | The increase of IL-2 expression was not obvious, and no increase of IL-15 expression was noted. |
| 1145 | 21728003 | On the contrary, there was no dramatic increase of IL-16 and IL-18. |
| 1146 | 21728003 | For the F48E9 group, a sharp increase of the expression of interferon-alpha (IFN-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-16 and IL-18 was observed on 3 d.p.i. before the NDV blood peak (7 d.p.i.), followed by a rapid decline to the level lower than that of control group, then the expression of IFN-α increased slowly and reached or exceeded the level of control group in the later phase of the infection, while the expression of IFN-γ, IL-16, and IL-18 fluctuated at the level of control group for the rest of study period. |
| 1147 | 21728003 | The increase of IL-2 expression was not obvious, and no increase of IL-15 expression was noted. |
| 1148 | 21728003 | On the contrary, there was no dramatic increase of IL-16 and IL-18. |
| 1149 | 21742843 | Common SNPs/haplotypes in IL18R1 and IL18 genes are associated with variations in humoral immunity to smallpox vaccination in Caucasians and African Americans. |
| 1150 | 21802664 | Synergy between TLR3 and IL-18 promotes IFN-γ dependent TRAIL expression in human liver NK cells. |
| 1151 | 21802664 | Our results show that the synthetic dsRNA polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a mimic of a common product of viral infections, activates NK cells directly in the context of cytokines found in the liver, i.e.: poly I:C plus inflammatory cytokines (IL-18, IL-12, and IL-2) induced NK cell IFN-γ production and TRAIL expression, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10) inhibit NK cell IFN-γ production. |
| 1152 | 21802664 | Synergy between TLR3 and IL-18 promotes IFN-γ dependent TRAIL expression in human liver NK cells. |
| 1153 | 21802664 | Our results show that the synthetic dsRNA polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a mimic of a common product of viral infections, activates NK cells directly in the context of cytokines found in the liver, i.e.: poly I:C plus inflammatory cytokines (IL-18, IL-12, and IL-2) induced NK cell IFN-γ production and TRAIL expression, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF-β and IL-10) inhibit NK cell IFN-γ production. |
| 1154 | 21849445 | This attenuation correlates with more effective immune responses in the absence of SPI-2, including an earlier serum gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response, raised serum interleukin 18 (IL-18), increased numbers of granzyme B(+) CD8(+) T cells, and, most notably, increased numbers and activation of NK cells. |
| 1155 | 21880854 | Dexamethasone reduced IFNG transcription by day 12 and IL-8 and IL-18 by days 7 to 9 and increased IL-4 on day 7. |
| 1156 | 21880854 | The ratio of IL-10 to IFNG was increased by dexamethasone on day 9. |
| 1157 | 21883803 | Intracellular bacterial pathogens Francisella novicida and the Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) are recognized in the macrophage cytosol by the AIM2 inflammasome, which leads to the activation of caspase-1 and the processing and secretion of active IL-1β, IL-18 and pyroptosis. |
| 1158 | 21947769 | We also show that Hip1 dampens TLR2-independent activation of the inflammasome and limits secretion of interleukin-18 (IL-18). |
| 1159 | 21958369 | We measured multiple VACV-specific immune responses: neutralizing antibody titer, the level of 12 secreted cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IFN-α, IFN-β, and IL-18), and the number of IFN-γ- and CD8(+) IFN-γ-secreting cells. |
| 1160 | 21958369 | We also detected strong correlations between the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p40 (p<0.0001). |
| 1161 | 21966464 | Analysis of the plasma showed higher levels of IL-18 in progressors compared to non-progressors and analysis of the RNA showed significantly lower gene expression of Bcl2 but higher CCR7 in progressors compared to non-progressors. |
| 1162 | 21980478 | Four out of the twenty-five 9-mer peptides tested: peptides 3 (F33-41), 13 (F214-222), 14 (F273-281), and 23 (F559-567), were found to bind to HLA-A*0201 with moderate to high affinity and were capable of inducing IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion in lymphocytes from HLA-A*0201 transgenic (HLA-Tg) mice pre-immunized with RSV or recombinant adenovirus expressing RSV F. |
| 1163 | 21980478 | HLA-Tg mice were immunized with these four peptides and were found to induce both Th1 and CD8+ T cell responses in in vitro secondary recall. |
| 1164 | 21980478 | A significant reduction of lung viral load was observed in mice immunized with peptide 23, which appeared to enhance the levels of inflammatory chemokines (CCL17, CCL22, and IL-18) but did not increase eosinophil infiltration in the lungs. |
| 1165 | 22028167 | Co-immunization of plasmid DNA encoding IL-12 and IL-18 with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine against progressive tuberculosis. |
| 1166 | 22154007 | T cells produce IFNγ in response to IL-12 and IL-18 secreted from Mtb infected macrophages. |
| 1167 | 22154007 | C5(-/-) T cells produced lower levels of IFNγ upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) infected with Mtb or when stimulated directly with a combination of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 1168 | 22154007 | The latter was in part due to a reduced phosphorylation of STAT4 following IL-12/IL-18 stimulation. |
| 1169 | 22154007 | Addition of C5a peptide to IL-12/IL-18 partially restored STAT4 phosphorylation and IFNγ synthesis in C5(-/-) T cells indicating that IL-12/IL-18 mediated signaling within CD3(+) T cells involves C5a peptide. |
| 1170 | 22154007 | T cells produce IFNγ in response to IL-12 and IL-18 secreted from Mtb infected macrophages. |
| 1171 | 22154007 | C5(-/-) T cells produced lower levels of IFNγ upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) infected with Mtb or when stimulated directly with a combination of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 1172 | 22154007 | The latter was in part due to a reduced phosphorylation of STAT4 following IL-12/IL-18 stimulation. |
| 1173 | 22154007 | Addition of C5a peptide to IL-12/IL-18 partially restored STAT4 phosphorylation and IFNγ synthesis in C5(-/-) T cells indicating that IL-12/IL-18 mediated signaling within CD3(+) T cells involves C5a peptide. |
| 1174 | 22154007 | T cells produce IFNγ in response to IL-12 and IL-18 secreted from Mtb infected macrophages. |
| 1175 | 22154007 | C5(-/-) T cells produced lower levels of IFNγ upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) infected with Mtb or when stimulated directly with a combination of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 1176 | 22154007 | The latter was in part due to a reduced phosphorylation of STAT4 following IL-12/IL-18 stimulation. |
| 1177 | 22154007 | Addition of C5a peptide to IL-12/IL-18 partially restored STAT4 phosphorylation and IFNγ synthesis in C5(-/-) T cells indicating that IL-12/IL-18 mediated signaling within CD3(+) T cells involves C5a peptide. |
| 1178 | 22154007 | T cells produce IFNγ in response to IL-12 and IL-18 secreted from Mtb infected macrophages. |
| 1179 | 22154007 | C5(-/-) T cells produced lower levels of IFNγ upon stimulation by antigen presenting cells (APCs) infected with Mtb or when stimulated directly with a combination of IL-12 and IL-18. |
| 1180 | 22154007 | The latter was in part due to a reduced phosphorylation of STAT4 following IL-12/IL-18 stimulation. |
| 1181 | 22154007 | Addition of C5a peptide to IL-12/IL-18 partially restored STAT4 phosphorylation and IFNγ synthesis in C5(-/-) T cells indicating that IL-12/IL-18 mediated signaling within CD3(+) T cells involves C5a peptide. |
| 1182 | 22384225 | Using flow cytometry we showed that 4 days post infection (DPI), counts of CD4 and B-lymphocytes did not change, CD8 and γδ T-lymphocytes decreased and macrophages and heterophils increased in the spleen. |
| 1183 | 22384225 | The expression of interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL8, IL18, LITAF, IFNγ and iNOS did not exhibit any clear pattern in the cells sorted from the spleens of vaccinated or non-vaccinated chickens. |
| 1184 | 22384225 | Only IL17 and IL22 showed a differential expression in the CD4 T-lymphocytes of the vaccinated and non-vaccinated chickens at 4 DPI, both being expressed at a higher level in the non-vaccinated chickens. |
| 1185 | 22384225 | Due to a similar IFNγ expression in the CD4 T-lymphocytes in both the vaccinated and non-vaccinated chickens, and a variable IL17 expression oscillating around IFNγ expression levels, the IL17∶IFNγ ratio in CD4 T-lymphocytes was found to be central for the outcome of the immune response. |
| 1186 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 has both proinflammatory and regulatory properties in Helicobacter infections, which are differentially mediated by its substrates IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1187 | 22403439 | The proinflammatory cysteine protease caspase-1 is autocatalytically activated upon cytosolic sensing of a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by Nod-like receptors. |
| 1188 | 22403439 | Active caspase-1 processes pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to generate the bioactive cytokines and to initiate pathogen-specific immune responses. |
| 1189 | 22403439 | We show that caspase-1 is activated and IL-1β and IL-18 are processed in vitro and in vivo as a consequence of Helicobacter infection. |
| 1190 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 activation and IL-1 signaling are absolutely required for the efficient control of Helicobacter infection in vaccinated mice. |
| 1191 | 22403439 | In conclusion, we show in this study that the processing and release of a regulatory caspase-1 substrate, IL-18, counteracts the proinflammatory activities of another caspase-1 substrate, IL-1β, thereby balancing control of the infection with the prevention of excessive gastric immunopathology. |
| 1192 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 has both proinflammatory and regulatory properties in Helicobacter infections, which are differentially mediated by its substrates IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1193 | 22403439 | The proinflammatory cysteine protease caspase-1 is autocatalytically activated upon cytosolic sensing of a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by Nod-like receptors. |
| 1194 | 22403439 | Active caspase-1 processes pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to generate the bioactive cytokines and to initiate pathogen-specific immune responses. |
| 1195 | 22403439 | We show that caspase-1 is activated and IL-1β and IL-18 are processed in vitro and in vivo as a consequence of Helicobacter infection. |
| 1196 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 activation and IL-1 signaling are absolutely required for the efficient control of Helicobacter infection in vaccinated mice. |
| 1197 | 22403439 | In conclusion, we show in this study that the processing and release of a regulatory caspase-1 substrate, IL-18, counteracts the proinflammatory activities of another caspase-1 substrate, IL-1β, thereby balancing control of the infection with the prevention of excessive gastric immunopathology. |
| 1198 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 has both proinflammatory and regulatory properties in Helicobacter infections, which are differentially mediated by its substrates IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1199 | 22403439 | The proinflammatory cysteine protease caspase-1 is autocatalytically activated upon cytosolic sensing of a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by Nod-like receptors. |
| 1200 | 22403439 | Active caspase-1 processes pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to generate the bioactive cytokines and to initiate pathogen-specific immune responses. |
| 1201 | 22403439 | We show that caspase-1 is activated and IL-1β and IL-18 are processed in vitro and in vivo as a consequence of Helicobacter infection. |
| 1202 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 activation and IL-1 signaling are absolutely required for the efficient control of Helicobacter infection in vaccinated mice. |
| 1203 | 22403439 | In conclusion, we show in this study that the processing and release of a regulatory caspase-1 substrate, IL-18, counteracts the proinflammatory activities of another caspase-1 substrate, IL-1β, thereby balancing control of the infection with the prevention of excessive gastric immunopathology. |
| 1204 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 has both proinflammatory and regulatory properties in Helicobacter infections, which are differentially mediated by its substrates IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1205 | 22403439 | The proinflammatory cysteine protease caspase-1 is autocatalytically activated upon cytosolic sensing of a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by Nod-like receptors. |
| 1206 | 22403439 | Active caspase-1 processes pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 to generate the bioactive cytokines and to initiate pathogen-specific immune responses. |
| 1207 | 22403439 | We show that caspase-1 is activated and IL-1β and IL-18 are processed in vitro and in vivo as a consequence of Helicobacter infection. |
| 1208 | 22403439 | Caspase-1 activation and IL-1 signaling are absolutely required for the efficient control of Helicobacter infection in vaccinated mice. |
| 1209 | 22403439 | In conclusion, we show in this study that the processing and release of a regulatory caspase-1 substrate, IL-18, counteracts the proinflammatory activities of another caspase-1 substrate, IL-1β, thereby balancing control of the infection with the prevention of excessive gastric immunopathology. |
| 1210 | 22426325 | At the injection site, 594 genes were differentially expressed, including up-regulation of the cytokines osteopontin (SPP1), IL-10 and IL-18 and the chemokines CCL2, CCL19 and CXCL16. |
| 1211 | 22426325 | Of the 362 genes differentially expressed in the lymph node, IL-1β and CXCL11 were up-regulated whereas IL18, CCL15 and CXCL12 were down-regulated. |
| 1212 | 22426325 | ISCOM-Matrix also modulated genes for pattern recognition receptors at the injection site (TLR2, TLR4, MRC1, PTX3, LGALS3) and in the lymph node (TLR4, RIG-I, MDA5, OAS1, EIF2AK2, LGALS3). |
| 1213 | 22426325 | At the injection site, 594 genes were differentially expressed, including up-regulation of the cytokines osteopontin (SPP1), IL-10 and IL-18 and the chemokines CCL2, CCL19 and CXCL16. |
| 1214 | 22426325 | Of the 362 genes differentially expressed in the lymph node, IL-1β and CXCL11 were up-regulated whereas IL18, CCL15 and CXCL12 were down-regulated. |
| 1215 | 22426325 | ISCOM-Matrix also modulated genes for pattern recognition receptors at the injection site (TLR2, TLR4, MRC1, PTX3, LGALS3) and in the lymph node (TLR4, RIG-I, MDA5, OAS1, EIF2AK2, LGALS3). |
| 1216 | 22521769 | Interestingly, PCEP up-regulated the gene expression of the inflammasome receptor, Nlrp3, and induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, and IL-18 at the site of injection. |
| 1217 | 22529966 | The Q705K polymorphism in NLRP3 is a gain-of-function alteration leading to excessive interleukin-1β and IL-18 production. |
| 1218 | 22736333 | No requirement for cell contact was recorded for BCG-induced iNK-cell activation, while cytokine production including IL-18, IL-10, GM-CSF, and TGF-β contributed to the observed effects. |
| 1219 | 22754326 | Notably, pigs immunized with the plasmid pEGFP-IL18-M developed significantly higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 production response and stronger specific T-lymphocyte proliferation response than the pigs inoculated with the plasmids pEGFP-M and pEGFP-IL18 (P < 0.05). |
| 1220 | 22875602 | Careful observation with the monitoring of serum interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-6 levels may be useful. |
| 1221 | 22973033 | Vaccines expressing codon-optimized HIV subtype C consensus Env and Gag antigens were generated from MVA vector backbones that (i) harbor simultaneous deletions of four viral immune-modulatory genes, encoding an interleukin-18 (IL-18) binding protein, an IL-1β receptor, a dominant negative Toll/IL-1 signaling adapter, and CC-chemokine binding protein (MVAΔ4-HIV); (ii) harbor a deletion of an additional (fifth) viral gene, encoding uracil-DNA glycosylase (MVAΔ5-HIV); or (iii) represent the parental MVA backbone as a control (MVA-HIV). |
| 1222 | 22973033 | Both modified vectors elicited up to 6-fold-higher frequencies of HIV-specific CD8 and CD4 T cell responses and up to 25-fold-higher titers of Env (gp120)-specific binding (nonneutralizing) antibody responses that were relatively transient in nature. |
| 1223 | 23015648 | Coinjection of pVAX/IL-18 significantly increased the production of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10. |
| 1224 | 23050463 | In all three duck species, there was up-regulation of IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-6, CCL19, RIG-I, and MHC class I and down-regulation of MHC class II, but variable expression of IL-18 and TLR7. |
| 1225 | 23058982 | Two DNA vaccines encoding the envelope protein GP5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) alone (pEGFP-GP5) and co-encoding GP5 and swine interleukin-18 (IL-18) proteins (pEGFP-IL18-GP5), were constructed and comparatively evaluated for their abilities to induce humoral and cellular responses in piglets. |
| 1226 | 23058982 | Moreover, the piglets inoculated with pEGFP-IL18-GP5 developed significantly higher IFN-γ production response, significantly increased percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and significantly higher specific T-lymphocyte proliferation response than the pEGFP-GP5 inoculated pigs (P<0.05). |
| 1227 | 23058982 | Therefore, in order to develop a new type vaccine for PRRS prevention and control, co-encoding of GP5 and IL-18 proteins may be a good choice. |
| 1228 | 23058982 | Two DNA vaccines encoding the envelope protein GP5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) alone (pEGFP-GP5) and co-encoding GP5 and swine interleukin-18 (IL-18) proteins (pEGFP-IL18-GP5), were constructed and comparatively evaluated for their abilities to induce humoral and cellular responses in piglets. |
| 1229 | 23058982 | Moreover, the piglets inoculated with pEGFP-IL18-GP5 developed significantly higher IFN-γ production response, significantly increased percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and significantly higher specific T-lymphocyte proliferation response than the pEGFP-GP5 inoculated pigs (P<0.05). |
| 1230 | 23058982 | Therefore, in order to develop a new type vaccine for PRRS prevention and control, co-encoding of GP5 and IL-18 proteins may be a good choice. |
| 1231 | 23058982 | Two DNA vaccines encoding the envelope protein GP5 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) alone (pEGFP-GP5) and co-encoding GP5 and swine interleukin-18 (IL-18) proteins (pEGFP-IL18-GP5), were constructed and comparatively evaluated for their abilities to induce humoral and cellular responses in piglets. |
| 1232 | 23058982 | Moreover, the piglets inoculated with pEGFP-IL18-GP5 developed significantly higher IFN-γ production response, significantly increased percentages of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and significantly higher specific T-lymphocyte proliferation response than the pEGFP-GP5 inoculated pigs (P<0.05). |
| 1233 | 23058982 | Therefore, in order to develop a new type vaccine for PRRS prevention and control, co-encoding of GP5 and IL-18 proteins may be a good choice. |
| 1234 | 23395585 | Chickens immunized with plasmid pCAGVP243-IL-18 carrying both VP243 and IL-18 genes induced significantly higher levels of antibodies, lymphocyte proliferation responses and of the cytokines IL-4 and IFN-γ than those injected with pCAGVP243 encoding the VP243 gene alone. |
| 1235 | 23478069 | Growing evidence also highlights the role of inflammasome-dependent cytokines in shaping the adaptive immune response, as exemplified by the capacity of IL-1β to support Th17 responses, or by the finding that IL-18 evokes antigen-independent IFN-γ secretion by memory CD8(+) T cells. |
| 1236 | 23603355 | An increased release of CCL2/MCP-1 and CXCL1/KC was also observed, resulting in macrophage and neutrophil recruitment in vitro. |
| 1237 | 23603355 | Lastly, the incubation of macrophages with KMP-11-loaded PLGA nanoparticles triggered the activation of caspase-1 and the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, suggesting inflammasome participation. |
| 1238 | 23631767 | Cytokine production from BMDCs treated with the AuNP-Es revealed that only Rod-E-treated cells produced significant levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18), indicating that Rod-Es activated inflammasome-dependent cytokine secretion. |
| 1239 | 23631767 | Meanwhile, Sphere40-Es and Cube-Es both significantly induced inflammatory cytokine production, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-12, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). |
| 1240 | 23793767 | Measurements of urinary interleukins IL-8, IL-18, and tumour necrosis factor apoptosis-inducing ligand levels seem promising as well. |
| 1241 | 23793767 | Immunohistochemical markers (ie, TP53, Ki-67, and Rb)display contradictory results and seem unsuitable. |
| 1242 | 23821549 | F. tularensis represses inflammasome; a cytosolic multi-protein complex that activates caspase-1 to produce proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1243 | 23821549 | We demonstrate that muted IL-1β and IL-18 responses generated in macrophages infected with F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) or the virulent SchuS4 strain are due to a predominant suppressive effect on TLR2-dependent signal 1. |
| 1244 | 23821549 | Our results also demonstrate that FTL_0325 of F. tularensis impacts proIL-1β expression as early as 2 h post-infection and delays activation of AIM2 and NLRP3-inflammasomes in a TLR2-dependent fashion. |
| 1245 | 23821549 | An enhanced activation of caspase-1 and IL-1β observed in FTL_0325 mutant-infected macrophages at 24 h post-infection was independent of both AIM2 and NLRP3. |
| 1246 | 23821549 | F. tularensis represses inflammasome; a cytosolic multi-protein complex that activates caspase-1 to produce proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. |
| 1247 | 23821549 | We demonstrate that muted IL-1β and IL-18 responses generated in macrophages infected with F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) or the virulent SchuS4 strain are due to a predominant suppressive effect on TLR2-dependent signal 1. |
| 1248 | 23821549 | Our results also demonstrate that FTL_0325 of F. tularensis impacts proIL-1β expression as early as 2 h post-infection and delays activation of AIM2 and NLRP3-inflammasomes in a TLR2-dependent fashion. |
| 1249 | 23821549 | An enhanced activation of caspase-1 and IL-1β observed in FTL_0325 mutant-infected macrophages at 24 h post-infection was independent of both AIM2 and NLRP3. |
| 1250 | 23863505 | Likewise, feeding the BT peptides primed the cecal tissue for increased transcription of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6, IL-18, type I and II IFNs) and inflammatory chemokine (CxCLi2) in response to S. |
| 1251 | 23884215 | Mice lacking IRF3, IFN-α receptor, IL-1β/IL-18, TLR9 or MyD88 showed similar CTL responses to wild-type mice, arguing that none of these molecules were required for the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines. |
| 1252 | 23901078 | Genetic variation in IL18R1 and IL18 genes and Inteferon γ ELISPOT response to smallpox vaccination: an unexpected relationship. |
| 1253 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1254 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1255 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1256 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1257 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1258 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1259 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1260 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1261 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1262 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1263 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1264 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1265 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1266 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1267 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1268 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1269 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1270 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1271 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1272 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1273 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1274 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1275 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1276 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1277 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1278 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1279 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1280 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1281 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1282 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1283 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1284 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1285 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1286 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1287 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1288 | 23948357 | Antibody and T cell responses induced in chickens immunized with avian influenza virus N1 and NP DNA vaccine with chicken IL-15 and IL-18. |
| 1289 | 23948357 | The interleukin-15 (IL-15) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as genetic adjuvants were used for immunization in combination with the N1 and NP AIV genes. |
| 1290 | 23948357 | Despite the delayed in NP antibody responses, the chickens co-administrated with IL-15 were able to induce earlier and higher antibody response compared to the pDis/NP and pDis/NP+pDis/IL-18 inoculated groups. |
| 1291 | 23948357 | The pDis/N1+pDis/IL-15 inoculated chickens also induced higher CD8+ T cells increase than the pDis/N1 group in both trials (P<0.05). |
| 1292 | 23948357 | The flow cytometry results from both trials demonstrated that the pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 groups were able to induce CD4+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05). |
| 1293 | 23948357 | Meanwhile, pDis/N1+pDis/IL-18 group was able to induce CD8+ T cells higher than the pDis/N1 group (P<0.05) in Trial 2 only. |
| 1294 | 23948357 | In the present study, pDis/NP was not significant (P>0.05) in inducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when co-administered with the pDis/IL-18 in both trials in comparison to the pDis/NP. |
| 1295 | 23950909 | Flow cytometric analysis showed the increase in IFN-γ correlated with a significantly higher level of proliferation of CD4, CD8 and γδT cells and an increased expression of CD25 and CD45R0 in MAP316F vaccinated animals as compared to control animals. |
| 1296 | 23950909 | Evaluation of a range of cytokines involved in Th1, Th2, Treg, and Th17 immune responses by quantitative PCR showed low levels of expression of Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-12) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNF-α) in the Sal-Ag immunized group. |
| 1297 | 23950909 | Significant levels of Th2 and anti-inflammatory cytokines transcripts (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β) were expressed but their level was low and with a pattern similar to the control group. |
| 1298 | 24235222 | Mycoplasma synoviae infection of embryos resulted in intensive upregulation of cytokine and chemokine genes, including interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-16, IL-18, MIP-1β (CCL4), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), XCL1, and lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-α factor (LITAF), with different expression profiles in the 4 organs. |
| 1299 | 24235222 | Inoculation of lentogenic NDV significantly upregulated IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-16 genes in spleen and IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-16, IL-21, XCL1, and MIP-1β (CCL4) genes in the thymus, but to a lesser extent than M. synoviae. |
| 1300 | 24236077 | Here we describe two new vaccine strains which express human interleukin-7 (hIL)-7 or hIL-18 in the genetic background of BCG ΔureC::hly to modulate specific T cell immunity. |
| 1301 | 24236077 | We conclude that expression of hIL-7 or hIL-18 enhanced specific T cell responses but failed to improve protection over BCG ΔureC::hly in mice. |
| 1302 | 24236077 | Here we describe two new vaccine strains which express human interleukin-7 (hIL)-7 or hIL-18 in the genetic background of BCG ΔureC::hly to modulate specific T cell immunity. |
| 1303 | 24236077 | We conclude that expression of hIL-7 or hIL-18 enhanced specific T cell responses but failed to improve protection over BCG ΔureC::hly in mice. |
| 1304 | 24323452 | Protein-bound polysaccharide-K induces IL-1β via TLR2 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. |
| 1305 | 24323452 | Using THP-1 cells, we have demonstrated that PSK induces both pro-IL-1β and mature IL-1β in THP-1 cells in a caspase 1- and NLRP3-dependent manner. |
| 1306 | 24323452 | PSK also induces IL-1β and IL-18 in human PBMC. |
| 1307 | 24323452 | Cathepsin B is required for PSK-induced inflammasome activation as CA-074-Me, a cathepsin B inhibitor, significantly decreased PSK-induced IL-1β. |
| 1308 | 24323452 | Comparison of PSK-induced IL-1β in bone marrow-derived macrophages from wild type C57BL/6 mice, TLR2(-/-), P2X7R(-/-) and NLRP3(-/-) mice demonstrated that PSK-induced IL-1β is dependent on both TLR2 and NLRP3. |
| 1309 | 24323452 | P2X7R is not required for PSK-induced inflammasome activation, but enhances PSK-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β induction. |
| 1310 | 24323452 | Altogether, these results demonstrated that PSK induces inflammasome activation and production of IL-1β in a TLR2- and NLRP3-dependent mechanism. |
| 1311 | 24475975 | Cellular immunotherapy using irradiated lung cancer cell vaccine co-expressing GM-CSF and IL-18 can induce significant antitumor effects. |
| 1312 | 24610009 | Like other particulate vaccine adjuvants, IMX potently activated the NALP-3-ASC-Caspase-1 inflammasome in APCs, leading to IL-1β and IL-18 production. |
| 1313 | 24659689 | Compared to wild-type, a hip1 mutant strain of M. tuberculosis induced enhanced levels of the key Th1-inducing cytokine IL-12, as well as other proinflammatory cytokines (IL-23, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18) in DCs via MyD88- and TLR2/9-dependent pathways, indicating that Hip1 restricts optimal DC inflammatory responses. |
| 1314 | 24659689 | Infection with the hip1 mutant also induced higher levels of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86, indicating that M. tuberculosis impairs DC maturation through Hip1. |
| 1315 | 24799678 | Caspase-8 and RIP kinases regulate bacteria-induced innate immune responses and cell death. |
| 1316 | 24799678 | The rapid killing of macrophages induced by Y. pestis, dependent upon type III secretion system effector Yersinia outer protein J (YopJ), is minimally affected by the absence of caspase-1, caspase-11, Fas ligand, and TNF. |
| 1317 | 24799678 | Here we provide genetic evidence for a receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase-caspase-8-dependent macrophage apoptotic death pathway after infection with Y. pestis, influenced by Toll-like receptor 4-TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TLR4-TRIF). |
| 1318 | 24799678 | Interestingly, macrophages lacking either RIP1, or caspase-8 and RIP3, also had reduced infection-induced production of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF, and IL-6; impaired activation of the transcription factor NF-κB; and greatly compromised caspase-1 processing. |
| 1319 | 24799678 | Cleavage of the proform of caspase-1 is associated with triggering inflammasome activity, which leads to the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, cytokines important to host responses against Y. pestis and many other infectious agents. |
| 1320 | 24799678 | Our results identify a RIP1-caspase-8/RIP3-dependent caspase-1 activation pathway after Y. pestis challenge. |
| 1321 | 24799678 | Mice defective in caspase-8 and RIP3 were also highly susceptible to infection and displayed reduced proinflammatory cytokines and myeloid cell death. |
| 1322 | 24799678 | We propose that caspase-8 and the RIP kinases are key regulators of macrophage cell death, NF-κB and inflammasome activation, and host resistance after Y. pestis infection. |
| 1323 | 24799678 | Caspase-8 and RIP kinases regulate bacteria-induced innate immune responses and cell death. |
| 1324 | 24799678 | The rapid killing of macrophages induced by Y. pestis, dependent upon type III secretion system effector Yersinia outer protein J (YopJ), is minimally affected by the absence of caspase-1, caspase-11, Fas ligand, and TNF. |
| 1325 | 24799678 | Here we provide genetic evidence for a receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinase-caspase-8-dependent macrophage apoptotic death pathway after infection with Y. pestis, influenced by Toll-like receptor 4-TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TLR4-TRIF). |
| 1326 | 24799678 | Interestingly, macrophages lacking either RIP1, or caspase-8 and RIP3, also had reduced infection-induced production of IL-1β, IL-18, TNF, and IL-6; impaired activation of the transcription factor NF-κB; and greatly compromised caspase-1 processing. |
| 1327 | 24799678 | Cleavage of the proform of caspase-1 is associated with triggering inflammasome activity, which leads to the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, cytokines important to host responses against Y. pestis and many other infectious agents. |
| 1328 | 24799678 | Our results identify a RIP1-caspase-8/RIP3-dependent caspase-1 activation pathway after Y. pestis challenge. |
| 1329 | 24799678 | Mice defective in caspase-8 and RIP3 were also highly susceptible to infection and displayed reduced proinflammatory cytokines and myeloid cell death. |
| 1330 | 24799678 | We propose that caspase-8 and the RIP kinases are key regulators of macrophage cell death, NF-κB and inflammasome activation, and host resistance after Y. pestis infection. |
| 1331 | 24898077 | However, IL-18 protein lacks a typical signal sequence and requires cleavage into its mature active form by caspase 1. |
| 1332 | 24898077 | In this study, we constructed mammalian expression vectors carrying cDNA encoding mature canine IL-18 (cIL-18) or mouse IL-18 (mIL-18) fused to the human IL-2 (hIL-2) signal sequence. |
| 1333 | 24898077 | Using reverse genetics, we also generated a recombinant canine distemper virus that expresses cIL-18 or mIL-18 fused to the hIL-2 signal sequence. |
| 1334 | 24898077 | These results indicate that the signal sequence from hIL-2 is suitable for the secretion of mature IL-18. |
| 1335 | 24898077 | However, IL-18 protein lacks a typical signal sequence and requires cleavage into its mature active form by caspase 1. |
| 1336 | 24898077 | In this study, we constructed mammalian expression vectors carrying cDNA encoding mature canine IL-18 (cIL-18) or mouse IL-18 (mIL-18) fused to the human IL-2 (hIL-2) signal sequence. |
| 1337 | 24898077 | Using reverse genetics, we also generated a recombinant canine distemper virus that expresses cIL-18 or mIL-18 fused to the hIL-2 signal sequence. |
| 1338 | 24898077 | These results indicate that the signal sequence from hIL-2 is suitable for the secretion of mature IL-18. |
| 1339 | 24898077 | However, IL-18 protein lacks a typical signal sequence and requires cleavage into its mature active form by caspase 1. |
| 1340 | 24898077 | In this study, we constructed mammalian expression vectors carrying cDNA encoding mature canine IL-18 (cIL-18) or mouse IL-18 (mIL-18) fused to the human IL-2 (hIL-2) signal sequence. |
| 1341 | 24898077 | Using reverse genetics, we also generated a recombinant canine distemper virus that expresses cIL-18 or mIL-18 fused to the hIL-2 signal sequence. |
| 1342 | 24898077 | These results indicate that the signal sequence from hIL-2 is suitable for the secretion of mature IL-18. |
| 1343 | 24898077 | However, IL-18 protein lacks a typical signal sequence and requires cleavage into its mature active form by caspase 1. |
| 1344 | 24898077 | In this study, we constructed mammalian expression vectors carrying cDNA encoding mature canine IL-18 (cIL-18) or mouse IL-18 (mIL-18) fused to the human IL-2 (hIL-2) signal sequence. |
| 1345 | 24898077 | Using reverse genetics, we also generated a recombinant canine distemper virus that expresses cIL-18 or mIL-18 fused to the hIL-2 signal sequence. |
| 1346 | 24898077 | These results indicate that the signal sequence from hIL-2 is suitable for the secretion of mature IL-18. |
| 1347 | 24955107 | The inflammasome refers to a protein complex that functions as an activation platform for the cysteine protease caspase-1, which then processes inflammatory molecules such as IL-1β and IL-18 into functional forms. |
| 1348 | 24955107 | Secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 are important components of antimicrobial immunity and, as a result, pathogens have evolved factors to evade or counteract this response. |
| 1349 | 24955107 | The inflammasome refers to a protein complex that functions as an activation platform for the cysteine protease caspase-1, which then processes inflammatory molecules such as IL-1β and IL-18 into functional forms. |
| 1350 | 24955107 | Secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 are important components of antimicrobial immunity and, as a result, pathogens have evolved factors to evade or counteract this response. |
| 1351 | 25051201 | A novel cancer vaccine strategy with combined IL-18 and HSV-TK gene therapy driven by the hTERT promoter in a murine colorectal cancer model. |
| 1352 | 25051201 | In this study, we constructed an interleukin (IL)-18 and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) expression vector driven by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter to study the efficacy of combination gene therapy with IL-18 and the HSV-TK suicide gene. |
| 1353 | 25051201 | Large established tumors of colon 26 transfectants expressing IL-18 and HSV-TK driven by the hTERT promoter were completely eradicated after GCV administration in syngeneic BALB/c mice. |
| 1354 | 25051201 | Immunohistochemical analysis at the tumor rejection sites revealed enormous infiltrations of CD8+ T lymphocytes as well as CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD11b+ monocytes. |
| 1355 | 25051201 | In conclusion, gene therapy with IL-18 and HSV-TK plasmid vector driven by the hTERT promoter may be useful for cancer vaccination. |
| 1356 | 25051201 | A novel cancer vaccine strategy with combined IL-18 and HSV-TK gene therapy driven by the hTERT promoter in a murine colorectal cancer model. |
| 1357 | 25051201 | In this study, we constructed an interleukin (IL)-18 and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) expression vector driven by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter to study the efficacy of combination gene therapy with IL-18 and the HSV-TK suicide gene. |
| 1358 | 25051201 | Large established tumors of colon 26 transfectants expressing IL-18 and HSV-TK driven by the hTERT promoter were completely eradicated after GCV administration in syngeneic BALB/c mice. |
| 1359 | 25051201 | Immunohistochemical analysis at the tumor rejection sites revealed enormous infiltrations of CD8+ T lymphocytes as well as CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD11b+ monocytes. |
| 1360 | 25051201 | In conclusion, gene therapy with IL-18 and HSV-TK plasmid vector driven by the hTERT promoter may be useful for cancer vaccination. |
| 1361 | 25051201 | A novel cancer vaccine strategy with combined IL-18 and HSV-TK gene therapy driven by the hTERT promoter in a murine colorectal cancer model. |
| 1362 | 25051201 | In this study, we constructed an interleukin (IL)-18 and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) expression vector driven by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter to study the efficacy of combination gene therapy with IL-18 and the HSV-TK suicide gene. |
| 1363 | 25051201 | Large established tumors of colon 26 transfectants expressing IL-18 and HSV-TK driven by the hTERT promoter were completely eradicated after GCV administration in syngeneic BALB/c mice. |
| 1364 | 25051201 | Immunohistochemical analysis at the tumor rejection sites revealed enormous infiltrations of CD8+ T lymphocytes as well as CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD11b+ monocytes. |
| 1365 | 25051201 | In conclusion, gene therapy with IL-18 and HSV-TK plasmid vector driven by the hTERT promoter may be useful for cancer vaccination. |
| 1366 | 25051201 | A novel cancer vaccine strategy with combined IL-18 and HSV-TK gene therapy driven by the hTERT promoter in a murine colorectal cancer model. |
| 1367 | 25051201 | In this study, we constructed an interleukin (IL)-18 and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) expression vector driven by the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter to study the efficacy of combination gene therapy with IL-18 and the HSV-TK suicide gene. |
| 1368 | 25051201 | Large established tumors of colon 26 transfectants expressing IL-18 and HSV-TK driven by the hTERT promoter were completely eradicated after GCV administration in syngeneic BALB/c mice. |
| 1369 | 25051201 | Immunohistochemical analysis at the tumor rejection sites revealed enormous infiltrations of CD8+ T lymphocytes as well as CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD11b+ monocytes. |
| 1370 | 25051201 | In conclusion, gene therapy with IL-18 and HSV-TK plasmid vector driven by the hTERT promoter may be useful for cancer vaccination. |
| 1371 | 25267176 | The expression levels of granzyme K and CD8 in DNA-vaccinated chickens were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those in unvaccinated chickens upon IBDV challenge at 0.5 or 1 dpc. |
| 1372 | 25267176 | Bursal transcripts related to innate immunity and inflammation, including TLR3, MDA5, IFN-α, IFN-β, IRF-1, IRF-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, iNOS, granzyme A, granzyme K and IL-10, were upregulated or significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 3 dpc and later in unvaccinated chickens challenged with IBDV. |
| 1373 | 25267176 | The expression levels of genes related to immune cell regulation, apoptosis and glucose transport, including CD4, CD8, IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-12(p40), IL-18, GM-CSF, GATA-3, p53, glucose transporter-2 and glucose transporter-3, were upregulated or significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated at 3 dpc and later in unvaccinated chickens challenged with IBDV. |
| 1374 | 25267176 | Taken together, the results indicate that the bursal transcriptome involved in innate immunity, inflammation, immune cell regulation, apoptosis and glucose transport, except for granzyme K and CD8, was not differentially expressed in DNA-vaccinated chickens protected from IBDV challenge. |
| 1375 | 25268976 | The levels of T-lymphocyte proliferation in piglets immunized with pBudCE4.1-ORF2/IL18 were significantly higher than in those immunized with pBudCE4.1-ORF2, and pBudCE4.1-ORF2/IL18 stimulated a significantly increased production of IFN-γ and IL-2. |
| 1376 | 25312698 | Among the TLR family, TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 and their down-stream signaling proteins play critical roles in the initiation of the immune response in the pathogenesis of TB. |
| 1377 | 25312698 | The inflammasome pathway is associated with the coordinated release of cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18 which also play a role in the pathogenesis of TB. |
| 1378 | 25429207 | In particular, dendritic cells secrete less IL-12 and IL-18, CD8pos T cells and NK cells have defective cytolysis and cytokine production, and CD4pos T cell responses tend to bias towards a Th2 phenotype and promotion of regulatory T cells (Tregs). |
| 1379 | 25488991 | The Aim2 inflammasome directs maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. |
| 1380 | 25488991 | Both the humoral and cellular Ag-specific adaptive responses were significantly reduced in Aim2-deficient mice in an IL-1β/IL-18-independent manner after DNA vaccination. |
| 1381 | 25488991 | The Aim2 inflammasome directs maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 and an inflammatory form of cell death called pyroptosis. |
| 1382 | 25488991 | Both the humoral and cellular Ag-specific adaptive responses were significantly reduced in Aim2-deficient mice in an IL-1β/IL-18-independent manner after DNA vaccination. |
| 1383 | 25649508 | Increased expression of MBL, CRP, IFN-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-12β and IL-18 followed at week 6 p.i. and at both week 6 and 9 p.i. expression of DEFβ1 was highly increased in infected chickens. |
| 1384 | 25701744 | PRV-ORF2-IL18 elicited high titers of ELISA and serum neutralizing antibodies and strong cell-mediated immune responses in mice as indicated by anti-PCV2 ELISA, PRV-neutralizing assay, PCV2 specific lymphocyte proliferation assay, CD3(+), CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes analysis, respectively. |
| 1385 | 25842959 | The trials have shown that protective effectiveness of the vaccine is significantly higher than the parent BCG due to better induction of CD4+ and CD8+ cells, as well as IFN-γ, IL-18, 12 and other cytokines responsible for cell immunity function against M. tuberculosis. |
| 1386 | 25878254 | No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. |
| 1387 | 25878254 | Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). |
| 1388 | 25878254 | However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. |
| 1389 | 25878254 | In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. |
| 1390 | 25878254 | This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases. |
| 1391 | 25878254 | No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. |
| 1392 | 25878254 | Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). |
| 1393 | 25878254 | However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. |
| 1394 | 25878254 | In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. |
| 1395 | 25878254 | This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases. |
| 1396 | 25878254 | No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. |
| 1397 | 25878254 | Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). |
| 1398 | 25878254 | However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. |
| 1399 | 25878254 | In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. |
| 1400 | 25878254 | This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases. |
| 1401 | 25878254 | No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. |
| 1402 | 25878254 | Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). |
| 1403 | 25878254 | However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. |
| 1404 | 25878254 | In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. |
| 1405 | 25878254 | This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases. |
| 1406 | 25878254 | No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. |
| 1407 | 25878254 | Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). |
| 1408 | 25878254 | However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. |
| 1409 | 25878254 | In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. |
| 1410 | 25878254 | This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases. |
| 1411 | 26028236 | We report for the first time that the levels of MIF, SCF, MCP-1, HGF, and SCGF-β are highly positively linked to disease severity and the profile of mediators MIF, SCF, MCP-1, HGF, SCGF-β, IP-10, IL-18, and IFN-γ is an independent outcome predictor. |
| 1412 | 26186692 | Development of Membrane-Bound GM-CSF and IL-18 as an Effective Tumor Vaccine. |
| 1413 | 26186692 | In this study, we expressed membrane-bound granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as adjuvants in tumor cells to stimulate immune response. |
| 1414 | 26186692 | B7 transmembrane domain fused GM-CSF and IL-18 was successfully expressed in the cell membrane and stimulated mouse splenocyte proliferation. |
| 1415 | 26186692 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IL-18 reduced tumorigenesis (P<0.05) and enhanced tumor protective efficacy (P<0.05) significantly in comparison with GM-CSF alone. |
| 1416 | 26186692 | Development of Membrane-Bound GM-CSF and IL-18 as an Effective Tumor Vaccine. |
| 1417 | 26186692 | In this study, we expressed membrane-bound granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as adjuvants in tumor cells to stimulate immune response. |
| 1418 | 26186692 | B7 transmembrane domain fused GM-CSF and IL-18 was successfully expressed in the cell membrane and stimulated mouse splenocyte proliferation. |
| 1419 | 26186692 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IL-18 reduced tumorigenesis (P<0.05) and enhanced tumor protective efficacy (P<0.05) significantly in comparison with GM-CSF alone. |
| 1420 | 26186692 | Development of Membrane-Bound GM-CSF and IL-18 as an Effective Tumor Vaccine. |
| 1421 | 26186692 | In this study, we expressed membrane-bound granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as adjuvants in tumor cells to stimulate immune response. |
| 1422 | 26186692 | B7 transmembrane domain fused GM-CSF and IL-18 was successfully expressed in the cell membrane and stimulated mouse splenocyte proliferation. |
| 1423 | 26186692 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IL-18 reduced tumorigenesis (P<0.05) and enhanced tumor protective efficacy (P<0.05) significantly in comparison with GM-CSF alone. |
| 1424 | 26186692 | Development of Membrane-Bound GM-CSF and IL-18 as an Effective Tumor Vaccine. |
| 1425 | 26186692 | In this study, we expressed membrane-bound granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) as adjuvants in tumor cells to stimulate immune response. |
| 1426 | 26186692 | B7 transmembrane domain fused GM-CSF and IL-18 was successfully expressed in the cell membrane and stimulated mouse splenocyte proliferation. |
| 1427 | 26186692 | Co-expression of GM-CSF and IL-18 reduced tumorigenesis (P<0.05) and enhanced tumor protective efficacy (P<0.05) significantly in comparison with GM-CSF alone. |
| 1428 | 26283480 | YFV induced an increased functional responsiveness to IL-12 and IL-18, as well as to K562 cells, indicating that the NK cells were primed in vivo. |
| 1429 | 26283480 | The NK cell responses were associated primarily with the stage of differentiation, because the magnitude of induced Ki67 and CD69 expression was distinctly higher in CD57(-) NK cells. |
| 1430 | 26283480 | Taken together, our results indicate that NK cells are primed by type I/III IFN in vivo early after YFV infection and that their response is governed primarily by the differentiation stage, independently of killer cell Ig-like receptor/HLA class I-mediated inhibition or education. |
| 1431 | 26324348 | Using a mouse model of cytomegalovirus infection, we demonstrate that individual pro-inflammatory IL-12, IL-18, and type I-IFN signaling pathways are indispensible and play non-redundant roles in the generation of virus-specific NK cell memory. |
| 1432 | 26339658 | We found that the costimulatory CD86 and CD80 molecules were significantly upregulated on rBCGhIL-18-infected DCs, whereas the stimulation of DCs with nonrecombinant BCG was less effective. |
| 1433 | 26339658 | The rBCGhIL-18 increased IL-23, IL-10, and IP-10 production by DCs to a greater extent than nonrecombinant BCG. |
| 1434 | 26339658 | In a coculture system of CD4(+) T cells and loaded DCs, rBCGhIL-18 favoured strong IFN-γ but also IL-10 production by naive T cells but not by memory T cells. |
| 1435 | 26339658 | Thus the expression of IL-18 by recombinant BCG increases IL-23, IP-10, and IL-10 expression by human DCs and enhances their ability to induce IFN-γ and IL-10 expression by naive T cells, without affecting the maturation phenotype of the DCs. |
| 1436 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 Dependent IL-1β Secretion and Antigen-Specific T-Cell Activation by the Novel Adjuvant, PCEP. |
| 1437 | 26344742 | We have recently reported that intramuscular injection of PCEP induces NLRP3, an inflammasome receptor gene, and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, in mouse muscle tissue. |
| 1438 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 is required for the processing of pro-forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into mature forms and is a critical constituent of the NLRP3 inflammasome. |
| 1439 | 26344742 | Hence, in the present study, we investigated the role of caspase-1 in the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in PCEP-stimulated splenic dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1440 | 26344742 | Caspase inhibitor YVAD-fmk-treated splenic DCs showed significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in response to PCEP stimulation. |
| 1441 | 26344742 | Further, PCEP had no effect on the expression of MHC class II or co-stimulatory molecules, CD86 and CD40, suggesting that PCEP does not induce DC maturation. |
| 1442 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 Dependent IL-1β Secretion and Antigen-Specific T-Cell Activation by the Novel Adjuvant, PCEP. |
| 1443 | 26344742 | We have recently reported that intramuscular injection of PCEP induces NLRP3, an inflammasome receptor gene, and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, in mouse muscle tissue. |
| 1444 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 is required for the processing of pro-forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into mature forms and is a critical constituent of the NLRP3 inflammasome. |
| 1445 | 26344742 | Hence, in the present study, we investigated the role of caspase-1 in the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in PCEP-stimulated splenic dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1446 | 26344742 | Caspase inhibitor YVAD-fmk-treated splenic DCs showed significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in response to PCEP stimulation. |
| 1447 | 26344742 | Further, PCEP had no effect on the expression of MHC class II or co-stimulatory molecules, CD86 and CD40, suggesting that PCEP does not induce DC maturation. |
| 1448 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 Dependent IL-1β Secretion and Antigen-Specific T-Cell Activation by the Novel Adjuvant, PCEP. |
| 1449 | 26344742 | We have recently reported that intramuscular injection of PCEP induces NLRP3, an inflammasome receptor gene, and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, in mouse muscle tissue. |
| 1450 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 is required for the processing of pro-forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into mature forms and is a critical constituent of the NLRP3 inflammasome. |
| 1451 | 26344742 | Hence, in the present study, we investigated the role of caspase-1 in the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in PCEP-stimulated splenic dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1452 | 26344742 | Caspase inhibitor YVAD-fmk-treated splenic DCs showed significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in response to PCEP stimulation. |
| 1453 | 26344742 | Further, PCEP had no effect on the expression of MHC class II or co-stimulatory molecules, CD86 and CD40, suggesting that PCEP does not induce DC maturation. |
| 1454 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 Dependent IL-1β Secretion and Antigen-Specific T-Cell Activation by the Novel Adjuvant, PCEP. |
| 1455 | 26344742 | We have recently reported that intramuscular injection of PCEP induces NLRP3, an inflammasome receptor gene, and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-18, in mouse muscle tissue. |
| 1456 | 26344742 | Caspase-1 is required for the processing of pro-forms of IL-1β and IL-18 into mature forms and is a critical constituent of the NLRP3 inflammasome. |
| 1457 | 26344742 | Hence, in the present study, we investigated the role of caspase-1 in the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in PCEP-stimulated splenic dendritic cells (DCs). |
| 1458 | 26344742 | Caspase inhibitor YVAD-fmk-treated splenic DCs showed significantly reduced IL-1β and IL-18 secretion in response to PCEP stimulation. |
| 1459 | 26344742 | Further, PCEP had no effect on the expression of MHC class II or co-stimulatory molecules, CD86 and CD40, suggesting that PCEP does not induce DC maturation. |
| 1460 | 26405596 | Indeed, compared with NK cells with intact TLR3, Tlr3-/- NK cells produced significantly reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNγ, when incubated in the presence of different combinations of IL-12, IL-18 and IL-15. |