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Gene Information
Gene symbol: INS
Gene name: insulin
HGNC ID: 6081
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 26437244 | We report the structures of two TCRs, derived from human induced T regulatory (iT(reg)) cells, complexed to an MHC class II molecule presenting a proinsulin-derived peptide. |
| 2 | 26279095 | To address this hurdle, we developed a vaccine based-approach comprised of two synthetic controlled-release biomaterials, poly(lactide-co-glycolide; PLGA) microparticles (MPs) encapsulating denatured insulin (key self-antigen in type 1 diabetes; T1D), and PuraMatrix(TM) peptide hydrogel containing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CpG ODN1826 (CpG), which were included as vaccine adjuvants to recruit and activate immune cells. |
| 3 | 26279095 | To address this hurdle, we developed a vaccine based-approach comprised of two synthetic controlled-release biomaterials, poly(lactide-co-glycolide; PLGA) microparticles (MPs) encapsulating denatured insulin (key self-antigen in type 1 diabetes; T1D), and PuraMatrix(TM) peptide hydrogel containing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and CpG ODN1826 (CpG), which were included as vaccine adjuvants to recruit and activate immune cells. |
| 4 | 26279095 | Three subcutaneous administrations of this hydrogel (GM-CSF/CpG)/insulin-MP vaccine protected 40% of NOD mice from T1D. |
| 5 | 26279095 | Three subcutaneous administrations of this hydrogel (GM-CSF/CpG)/insulin-MP vaccine protected 40% of NOD mice from T1D. |
| 6 | 26179268 | Five case studies are highlighted: 1) diphtheria toxin-antitoxin (antibody), which induces immunity to the normally non-antigenic toxin, and autoimmune neuritis; 2) tryptophan peptide of myelin basic protein and muramyl dipeptide ("adjuvant peptide"), which form a complex that induces experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; 3) an insulin and glucagon complex that is far more antigenic than either component individually; 4) various causes of experimental autoimmune myocarditis such as C protein in combination with its antibody, or coxsackie B virus in combination with the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor; 5) influenza A virus haemagglutinin with the outer membrane protein of the Haemophilus influenzae, which increases antigenicity. |
| 7 | 26162543 | Rhizoma Anemarrhenae extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin resistance via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic rodents. |
| 8 | 26108887 | Amblyomma americanum tick saliva insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 binds insulin but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 9 | 26108887 | Amblyomma americanum tick saliva insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 binds insulin but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 10 | 26108887 | Amblyomma americanum tick saliva insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 binds insulin but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 11 | 26108887 | Silencing Amblyomma americanum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (AamIGFBP-rP1) mRNA prevented ticks from feeding to repletion. |
| 12 | 26108887 | Silencing Amblyomma americanum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (AamIGFBP-rP1) mRNA prevented ticks from feeding to repletion. |
| 13 | 26108887 | Silencing Amblyomma americanum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related protein 1 (AamIGFBP-rP1) mRNA prevented ticks from feeding to repletion. |
| 14 | 26108887 | Our data suggest that native AamIGFBP-rP1 is a functional insulin binding protein in that both yeast- and insect cell-expressed rAamIGFBP-rP1 bound insulin, but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 15 | 26108887 | Our data suggest that native AamIGFBP-rP1 is a functional insulin binding protein in that both yeast- and insect cell-expressed rAamIGFBP-rP1 bound insulin, but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 16 | 26108887 | Our data suggest that native AamIGFBP-rP1 is a functional insulin binding protein in that both yeast- and insect cell-expressed rAamIGFBP-rP1 bound insulin, but not insulin-like growth factors. |
| 17 | 26069076 | The results suggested that resistin was significantly increased in T2DM monkeys (P <0.01), and that resistin had a positive correlation respectively with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FPI) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Insulin resistance index (HOA-IR), but a negative correlation with islet β-cell function (HOMA-β). |
| 18 | 26069076 | The results suggested that resistin was significantly increased in T2DM monkeys (P <0.01), and that resistin had a positive correlation respectively with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FPI) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Insulin resistance index (HOA-IR), but a negative correlation with islet β-cell function (HOMA-β). |
| 19 | 26069076 | In the course of glucose metabolism, reverse release change of resistin and insulin in T2DM monkeys occurred, but the phenomenon that was not observed in the control group, these findings indicated that resistin negatively regulated and interfered with carbohydrate metabolism in T2DM monkey models. |
| 20 | 26069076 | In the course of glucose metabolism, reverse release change of resistin and insulin in T2DM monkeys occurred, but the phenomenon that was not observed in the control group, these findings indicated that resistin negatively regulated and interfered with carbohydrate metabolism in T2DM monkey models. |
| 21 | 26039731 | We also exposed human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells to high levels of palmitate, which enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene expression and impaired insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation (Ser473). |
| 22 | 26034349 | It includes mainly therapies targeting against kinases, including epidermal growth factor receptor, Ras/Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, insulin growth factor-1 receptor, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mTOR and hepatocyte growth factor receptor. |
| 23 | 26002154 | Biochemical experiments demonstrated that cells achieved Aβ uptake and internalization followed by Aβ degradation via mechanisms that required effective actin polymerization and proteolytic enzymes such as insulin-degrading enzyme. |
| 24 | 25941588 | HER-3 peptide vaccines/mimics: Combined therapy with IGF-1R, HER-2, and HER-1 peptides induces synergistic antitumor effects against breast and pancreatic cancer cells. |
| 25 | 25941588 | The human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER-3/ErbB3) is a unique member of the human epidermal growth factor family of receptors, because it lacks intrinsic kinase activity and ability to heterodimerize with other members. |
| 26 | 25941588 | HER-3 is frequently upregulated in cancers with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER-1/ErbB1) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/ErBB2) overexpression, and targeting HER-3 may provide a route for overcoming resistance to agents that target EGFR or HER-2. |
| 27 | 25941588 | We have previously developed vaccines and peptide mimics for HER-1, HER-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). |
| 28 | 25941588 | Combined therapy of HER-3 (461-471) epitope with HER-2 (266-296), HER-2 (597-626), HER-1 (418-435) and insulin-like growth factor receptor type I (IGF-1R) (56-81) vaccine antibodies and peptide mimics show enhanced antitumor effects in breast and pancreatic cancer cells. |
| 29 | 25941588 | This study establishes the hypothesis that combination immunotherapy targeting different signal transduction pathways can provide effective antitumor immunity and long-term control of HER-1 and HER-2 overexpressing cancers. |
| 30 | 25941587 | IGF-1R peptide vaccines/mimics inhibit the growth of BxPC3 and JIMT-1 cancer cells and exhibit synergistic antitumor effects with HER-1 and HER-2 peptides. |
| 31 | 25941587 | The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) plays a crucial role in cellular growth, proliferation, transformation, and inhibition of apoptosis. |
| 32 | 25941587 | IGF-1R signaling interferes with numerous receptor pathways, rendering tumor cells resistant to chemotherapy, anti-hormonal therapy, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, also known as HER-1) and v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, (ERBB2, best known as HER-2) -targeted therapies. |
| 33 | 25941587 | In this study, we designed, synthesized, and characterized several B-cell epitopes from the IGF-1:IGF-1R axis. |
| 34 | 25941587 | Additionally, we found additive antitumor effects for the combination treatment of the IGF-1R 56-81 epitope with HER-1-418 and HER-2-597 epitopes. |
| 35 | 25941587 | Treatment with the IGF-1R/HER-1 or IGF-1R/HER-2 combination inhibited proliferation, invasion, and receptor phosphorylation, and induced apoptosis and ADCC, to a greater degree than single agents. |
| 36 | 25842187 | Two MP sizes were made: phagocytosable MPs were fabricated encapsulating vitamin D3 or insulin B(9-23) peptide, while unphagocytosable MPs were fabricated encapsulating TGF-β1 or GM-CSF. |
| 37 | 25730798 | An extract of Perilla stem inhibits Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP)-1 and influences insulin signaling. |
| 38 | 25730798 | An extract of Perilla stem inhibits Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP)-1 and influences insulin signaling. |
| 39 | 25730798 | An extract of Perilla stem inhibits Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP)-1 and influences insulin signaling. |
| 40 | 25730798 | Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that catalyze protein tyrosine dephosphorylation of which Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) is one of the best-validated, a widely distributed intracellular tyrosine phosphatase that contains two SH2 domains. |
| 41 | 25730798 | Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that catalyze protein tyrosine dephosphorylation of which Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) is one of the best-validated, a widely distributed intracellular tyrosine phosphatase that contains two SH2 domains. |
| 42 | 25730798 | Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are enzymes that catalyze protein tyrosine dephosphorylation of which Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP-1) is one of the best-validated, a widely distributed intracellular tyrosine phosphatase that contains two SH2 domains. |
| 43 | 25730798 | Down regulation of SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatases was significantly increased sensitivity to insulin in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 44 | 25730798 | Down regulation of SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatases was significantly increased sensitivity to insulin in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 45 | 25730798 | Down regulation of SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatases was significantly increased sensitivity to insulin in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 46 | 25730798 | Through in vitro enzymatic reaction kinetics experiment, we found that the extract of Perilla stem was a potential inhibitor to δSHP-1, the catalytic domain of SHP-1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, and its IC(50) was 4ug/ml, and was more sensitive towards SHP-1than other PTPs, which indicated that SHP-1 might be a target of the extract of Perilla stem. |
| 47 | 25730798 | Through in vitro enzymatic reaction kinetics experiment, we found that the extract of Perilla stem was a potential inhibitor to δSHP-1, the catalytic domain of SHP-1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, and its IC(50) was 4ug/ml, and was more sensitive towards SHP-1than other PTPs, which indicated that SHP-1 might be a target of the extract of Perilla stem. |
| 48 | 25730798 | Through in vitro enzymatic reaction kinetics experiment, we found that the extract of Perilla stem was a potential inhibitor to δSHP-1, the catalytic domain of SHP-1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, and its IC(50) was 4ug/ml, and was more sensitive towards SHP-1than other PTPs, which indicated that SHP-1 might be a target of the extract of Perilla stem. |
| 49 | 25730798 | It can strengthened the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in HepG2 cells, and then activated the insulin signaling pathway through inhibiting the protein phosphorylation of SHP-1. |
| 50 | 25730798 | It can strengthened the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in HepG2 cells, and then activated the insulin signaling pathway through inhibiting the protein phosphorylation of SHP-1. |
| 51 | 25730798 | It can strengthened the level of tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in HepG2 cells, and then activated the insulin signaling pathway through inhibiting the protein phosphorylation of SHP-1. |
| 52 | 25730798 | These results demonstrated that the extract of Perilla stem could play an important role for diabetes treatment through inhibiting the level of SHP-1 in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 53 | 25730798 | These results demonstrated that the extract of Perilla stem could play an important role for diabetes treatment through inhibiting the level of SHP-1 in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 54 | 25730798 | These results demonstrated that the extract of Perilla stem could play an important role for diabetes treatment through inhibiting the level of SHP-1 in insulin signaling pathway. |
| 55 | 25714914 | Induction of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in human dendritic cells by a cholera toxin B subunit-proinsulin vaccine. |
| 56 | 25579379 | Enhancement of glioma-specific immunity in mice by "NOBEL", an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. |
| 57 | 25579379 | Enhancement of glioma-specific immunity in mice by "NOBEL", an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. |
| 58 | 25579379 | Autologous glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells treated with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) targeting insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) are the basis of a vaccine with therapeutic effects on tumor recurrence in a pilot clinical trial. |
| 59 | 25579379 | Autologous glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells treated with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) targeting insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 (IGF-1R) are the basis of a vaccine with therapeutic effects on tumor recurrence in a pilot clinical trial. |
| 60 | 25391690 | In a pilot study, a vaccine consisting of Lucite diffusion chambers containing irradiated autologous tumor cells pre-treated with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (AS-ODN) directed against the insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor was found to elicit positive clinical responses in 8/12 patients when implanted in the rectus sheath for 24 h. |
| 61 | 25333772 | The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis promotes the growth of cells, tissues and organs. |
| 62 | 25333772 | The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis promotes the growth of cells, tissues and organs. |
| 63 | 25333772 | In the circulation, IGF-1 is bound to insulin-like binding proteins (IGFBPs), and when released it activates the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). |
| 64 | 25333772 | In the circulation, IGF-1 is bound to insulin-like binding proteins (IGFBPs), and when released it activates the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R). |
| 65 | 25314651 | Third, we took the assay of glucose tolerance test and insulin resistance index, assessed the changing tendency of serum resistin and analysed the pathological characteristics of the tissues like pancreas and liver by staining in different ways. |
| 66 | 24967908 | Arg1 expression was amplified by, but did not require, IL-4, and required de novo synthesis of unknown protein(s). |
| 67 | 24967908 | Analysis of growth factors and their signaling pathways revealed that the Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 (FGFR-1) and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R) and a number of downstream signaling proteins were activated in splenic macrophages isolated from hamsters infected with L. donovani. |
| 68 | 24967908 | Recombinant FGF-2 and IGF-1 increased the expression of arg1 in L. donovani infected hamster macrophages, and this induction was augmented by IL-4. |
| 69 | 24967908 | Inhibition of FGFR-1 and IGF-1R decreased arg1 expression and restricted L. donovani replication in both in vitro and ex vivo models of infection. |
| 70 | 24967908 | STAT6 was activated in infected macrophages exposed to either FGF-2 or IGF-1, and STAT6 was critical to the FGFR-1- and IGF-1R-mediated expression of arg1. |
| 71 | 24967908 | The converse was also true as inhibition of FGFR-1 and IGF-1R reduced the activation of STAT6 in infected macrophages. |
| 72 | 24967908 | Collectively, these data indicate that the FGFR/IGF-1R and IL-4 signaling pathways converge at STAT6 to promote pathologic arg1 expression and intracellular parasite survival in VL. |
| 73 | 24832153 | Considering the paucity of information about thyroid autoimmunity in patients receiving cancer vaccines, we designed our study to assess the development of thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs) in patients treated with GVAX (vaccine made of a tumor cell type transfected with GM-CSF) and/or ipilimumab and correlated seroconversion with survival. |
| 74 | 24832153 | Antibodies to thyroperoxidase, myeloperoxidase, proteinase 3, insulin and actin were also measured. |
| 75 | 24778415 | Elimination of IL-10-inducing T-helper epitopes from an IGFBP-2 vaccine ensures potent antitumor activity. |
| 76 | 24778415 | Immunization against self-tumor antigens can induce T-regulatory cells, which inhibit proliferation of type I CD4(+) T-helper (TH1) and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. |
| 77 | 24778415 | We questioned whether immunosuppressive epitopes could be identified and deleted from a cancer vaccine targeting insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP-2) and enhance vaccine efficacy. |
| 78 | 24778415 | Screening breast cancer patient lymphocytes with IFN-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 ELISPOT, we found epitopes in the N-terminus of IGFBP-2 that elicited predominantly TH1 whereas the C-terminus stimulated TH2 and mixed TH1/TH2 responses. |
| 79 | 24657807 | This study explores the utility of polymeric penetration enhancers to promote trans-mucosal bioavailability of insulin, as a biomarker of mucosal absorption, and two vaccine candidates: recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (CN54gp140) and tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 80 | 24639549 | We developed a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)-targeted immune therapy to increase glucagon-like peptide 1 hormone levels and improve insulin sensitivity for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| 81 | 24639549 | We developed a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4)-targeted immune therapy to increase glucagon-like peptide 1 hormone levels and improve insulin sensitivity for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| 82 | 24639549 | Immunization with the DPP4 vaccine in C57BL/6J mice successfully increased DPP4 titer, inhibited plasma DPP4 activity, and induced an increase in the plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 level. |
| 83 | 24639549 | Immunization with the DPP4 vaccine in C57BL/6J mice successfully increased DPP4 titer, inhibited plasma DPP4 activity, and induced an increase in the plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 level. |
| 84 | 24639549 | In mice fed a high-fat diet, DPP4 vaccination resulted in improved postprandial glucose excursions and insulin sensitivity and, in the diabetic KK-A(y) and db/db mice strains, DPP4 vaccination significantly reduced glucose excursions and increased both plasma insulin and pancreatic insulin content. |
| 85 | 24639549 | In mice fed a high-fat diet, DPP4 vaccination resulted in improved postprandial glucose excursions and insulin sensitivity and, in the diabetic KK-A(y) and db/db mice strains, DPP4 vaccination significantly reduced glucose excursions and increased both plasma insulin and pancreatic insulin content. |
| 86 | 24556712 | We constructed recombinant vaccinia viruses (VACVs) coexpressing the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) gene and the fusion gene encoding the SigE7Lamp antigen. |
| 87 | 24556090 | Activated T cells show induced expression of, among other things, Glucose Transporter 1 and several glycolytic enzymes, including ADP-Dependent Glucokinase and the low affinity isoform Pyruvate Kinase-M2 (which promote glycolytic flux), as well Glutamine Transporters and Glycerol-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase 2 which make available glutamate and glycerol-3-phosphate as mitochondrial energy sources. |
| 88 | 24556090 | Unlike effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, Tregs and memory T cells oxidize fatty acids for fuel. |
| 89 | 24556090 | Upon activation, T cells express the insulin and leptin receptors on their surface and become sensitive to insulin signaling and nutrient availability and show changes in differentiation. |
| 90 | 24392006 | We used our newly generated and validated TRPV2 antibodies to determine the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) on TRPV2 surface expression in heterologous and endogenous expression systems. |
| 91 | 24392006 | We found that IGF-1 had little to no effect on trafficking and plasma membrane expression of TRPV2. |
| 92 | 24392006 | Overall, these new TRPV2 monoclonal antibodies served to dispel the controversy of the effects of IGF-1 on TRPV2 plasma membrane expression and will clarify the role TRPV2 plays in cellular function. |
| 93 | 24387268 | IGRP and insulin vaccination induce CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in the RIP-CD80GP mouse. |
| 94 | 24387268 | IGRP and insulin vaccination induce CD8+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in the RIP-CD80GP mouse. |
| 95 | 24387268 | Of 14 pancreatic proteins tested by DNA vaccination, murine pre-proinsulin 2 (100% of mice; median time after vaccination, 60 days) and islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP) (77%, 58 days) could induce diabetes. |
| 96 | 24387268 | Of 14 pancreatic proteins tested by DNA vaccination, murine pre-proinsulin 2 (100% of mice; median time after vaccination, 60 days) and islet-specific glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP) (77%, 58 days) could induce diabetes. |
| 97 | 24387268 | Vaccination with DNA encoding for zinc transporter 8, Ia-2, Ia-2β, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (Gad67), chromogranin A, insulinoma amyloid polypeptide and homeobox protein Nkx-2.2 induced diabetes development in 25-33% of mice. |
| 98 | 24387268 | Vaccination with DNA encoding for zinc transporter 8, Ia-2, Ia-2β, glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (Gad67), chromogranin A, insulinoma amyloid polypeptide and homeobox protein Nkx-2.2 induced diabetes development in 25-33% of mice. |
| 99 | 24387268 | Vaccination with DNA encoding for Gad65, secretogranin 5, pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 (Pdx1), carboxyl ester lipase, glucagon and control hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) induced diabetes in <20% of mice. |
| 100 | 24387268 | Vaccination with DNA encoding for Gad65, secretogranin 5, pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 (Pdx1), carboxyl ester lipase, glucagon and control hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) induced diabetes in <20% of mice. |
| 101 | 24387268 | CD8(+) T cell targets of IGRP were identified with a peptide library-based enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and diabetes could also be induced by vaccination with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted IGRP peptides loaded on mature dendritic cells. |
| 102 | 24387268 | CD8(+) T cell targets of IGRP were identified with a peptide library-based enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and diabetes could also be induced by vaccination with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted IGRP peptides loaded on mature dendritic cells. |
| 103 | 24313339 | Antibodies to (35) S-methionine-labelled A/H1N1 hemagglutinin were determined in a radiobinding assay in patients diagnosed before (n = 325), during (n = 355) and after (n = 461) the October 2009-March 2010 Swedish A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination campaign, along with HLA-DQ genotypes and autoantibodies against GAD, insulin, IA-2 and ZnT8 transporter. |
| 104 | 24303053 | Arsenic exposure affects plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in children in rural Bangladesh. |
| 105 | 24154719 | A multiantigen vaccine targeting neu, IGFBP-2, and IGF-IR prevents tumor progression in mice with preinvasive breast disease. |
| 106 | 24154719 | Transgenic mice (TgMMTV-neu) were immunized with a multiantigen peptide vaccine specific for neu, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and insulin-like growth factor receptor-I at a time when some of the animals already had preinvasive lesions (18 weeks of age). |
| 107 | 24154719 | Protection was mediated by CD4(+) T cells, and the few slow-growing tumors that did develop demonstrated a significant increase in intratumoral CD8(+) T cells as compared with controls (P = 0.0007). |
| 108 | 24094739 | Some clinical trials in humans have aimed at modulation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) via alteration of the immune response to putative islet cell antigens, particularly proinsulin and insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and the peptide, DiaPep 277, derived from heat shock protein 60. |
| 109 | 24094739 | Some clinical trials in humans have aimed at modulation of type 1 diabetes (T1D) via alteration of the immune response to putative islet cell antigens, particularly proinsulin and insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and the peptide, DiaPep 277, derived from heat shock protein 60. |
| 110 | 24094739 | Optimization of the effects seen to date on C-peptide and on depletion of proinsulin specific CD8 T cells are feasible, with expected concomitant improvement in other parameters like hemoglobin A1c and reduction in insulin usage. |
| 111 | 24094739 | Optimization of the effects seen to date on C-peptide and on depletion of proinsulin specific CD8 T cells are feasible, with expected concomitant improvement in other parameters like hemoglobin A1c and reduction in insulin usage. |
| 112 | 23749321 | T-helper I immunity, specific for the breast cancer antigen insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), is associated with increased adiposity. |
| 113 | 23749321 | T-helper I immunity, specific for the breast cancer antigen insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), is associated with increased adiposity. |
| 114 | 23749321 | Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a promising vaccine candidate since it is overexpressed in most breast cancer subtypes, is part of a dominant cancer growth pathway, and has been validated as a therapeutic target. |
| 115 | 23749321 | Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a promising vaccine candidate since it is overexpressed in most breast cancer subtypes, is part of a dominant cancer growth pathway, and has been validated as a therapeutic target. |
| 116 | 23743705 | Insulin agonists were used for preventing type 1 diabetes in mouse; IL-1β was effective in experimental type 2 diabetes. |
| 117 | 23603862 | Chemical castration of melanoma patients does not increase the frequency of tumor-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells after peptide vaccination. |
| 118 | 23603862 | Serum concentration of 2 important factors for thymopoiesis was measured: insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were not changed, whereas a moderate increase in IL-7 levels was noted in the sera of all patients 6 weeks after vaccination. |
| 119 | 23405091 | In the prevention studies, anti-CD20 plus proinsulin resulted in modest increases in Tregs in pancreatic lymph nodes and elevated levels of proinsulin-specific CD4+ T-cells that produced IL-4. |
| 120 | 23405091 | In the prevention studies, anti-CD20 plus proinsulin resulted in modest increases in Tregs in pancreatic lymph nodes and elevated levels of proinsulin-specific CD4+ T-cells that produced IL-4. |
| 121 | 23405091 | Thus, combination therapy with anti-CD20 and either oral insulin or proinsulin does not protect hyperglycemic NOD mice, but the combination with proinsulin offers limited efficacy in T1D prevention, potentially by augmentation of proinsulin-specific IL-4 production. |
| 122 | 23405091 | Thus, combination therapy with anti-CD20 and either oral insulin or proinsulin does not protect hyperglycemic NOD mice, but the combination with proinsulin offers limited efficacy in T1D prevention, potentially by augmentation of proinsulin-specific IL-4 production. |
| 123 | 23296174 | Autoantibodies against insulin, GAD65, IA-2 or the ZnT8 transporter mark islet autoimmunity. |
| 124 | 23028860 | Previously we have screened out Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 7 (IGFBP7) as a differentially expressed gene in post-implantation uterus versus pre-implantation uterus by suppressive subtractive hybridation. |
| 125 | 23028860 | After specific inhibition of IGFBP7, the T helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine IFNγ, was significantly elevated (p<0.05) and the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, were reduced in uteri (p<0.05). |
| 126 | 23028860 | The expression of decidualization marker IGFBP1 and angiogenesis regulator VEGF were declined in uteri (p<0.05). |
| 127 | 23028860 | The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins, caspase3 and Bcl-2, were also declined (p<0.05). |
| 128 | 22406592 | First, in Abstract #198, toxicity and efficacy results from the phase I/II study of cixutumumab, an insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) antibody combined with the standard gemcitabine and erlotinib treatment were presented, but the outcomes suggest no real clinical benefit. |
| 129 | 22406592 | Finally, interesting results which definitely deserve further exploration were presented in Abstract #211, which tested the combination of ipilimumab, an antibody against the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), with a cell-based vaccine transfected with the granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene in advanced refractory pancreatic cancer. |
| 130 | 21690251 | Insulin epitopes recognized by diabetogenic T cell clones bind poorly to the class II I-A(g7) molecules of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, which results in weak agonistic activity of the peptide MHC complex. |
| 131 | 21647405 | Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is the dominant member of the insulin family expressed during fetal life by the thymic epithelium under the control of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene/protein. |
| 132 | 21647405 | Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is the dominant member of the insulin family expressed during fetal life by the thymic epithelium under the control of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene/protein. |
| 133 | 21647405 | Based on the close homology and cross-tolerance between insulin, the primary T1D autoantigen, and IGF-2, the dominant self-antigen of the insulin family, a novel type of vaccination, so-called "negative/tolerogenic self-vaccination", is currently developed for prevention and cure of T1D. |
| 134 | 21647405 | Based on the close homology and cross-tolerance between insulin, the primary T1D autoantigen, and IGF-2, the dominant self-antigen of the insulin family, a novel type of vaccination, so-called "negative/tolerogenic self-vaccination", is currently developed for prevention and cure of T1D. |
| 135 | 21550372 | First, naïve human hepatoma Huh7 cells were grown in serum-free medium that was supplemented with human-derived insulin, transferrin and sodium selenite. |
| 136 | 21550372 | ApoB and ApoE antibody-depletion assays suggested that infection of serum-free cultured HCV was independent of ApoB and ApoE proteins. |
| 137 | 21530685 | P277 is a peptide derived from the HSP60 regions, have potent immunological effect on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and its phase III clinical trials are currently under investigation. |
| 138 | 21225019 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abatacept, Adalimumab, AdCD40L, Adefovir, Aleglitazar, Aliskiren fumarate, AM-103, Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, Amlodipine, Anakinra, Aprepitant, Aripiprazole, Atazanavir sulfate, Axitinib; Belimumab, Bevacizumab, Bimatoprost, Bortezomib, Bupropion/naltrexone; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, Certolizumab pegol, Ciclesonide, CYT-997; Darbepoetin alfa, Darunavir, Dasatinib, Desvenlafaxine succinate, Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride cogramostim; Eltrombopag olamine, Emtricitabine, Escitalopram oxalate, Eslicarbazepine acetate, Eszopiclone, Etravirine, Everolimus-eluting coronary stent, Exenatide, Ezetimibe; Fenretinide, Filibuvir, Fludarabine; Golimumab; Hepatitis B hyperimmunoglobulin, HEV-239, HP-802-247, HPV-16/18 AS04, HPV-6/11/16/18, Human albumin, Human gammaglobulin; Imatinib mesylate, Inotuzumab ozogamicin, Invaplex 50 vaccine; Lapatinib ditosylate, Lenalidomide, Liposomal doxorubicin, Lopinavir, Lumiliximab, LY-686017; Maraviroc, Mecasermin rinfabate; Narlaprevir; Ocrelizumab, Oral insulin, Oritavancin, Oxycodone hydrochloride/naloxone; Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Palonosetron hydrochloride, PAN-811, Paroxetine, Pazopanib hydrochloride, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Pertuzumab, Pitavastatin calcium, Posaconazole, Pregabalin, Prucalopride succinate; Raltegravir potassium, Ranibizumab, RHAMM R3 peptide, Rosuvastatin calcium; Salclobuzic acid sodium salt, SCY-635, Selenate sodium, Semapimod hydrochloride, Silodosin, Siltuximab, Silybin, Sirolimus-eluting stent, SIR-Spheres, Sunitinib malate; Tapentadol hydrochloride, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Tocilizumab, Tositumomab/iodine (I131) tositumomab, Trabectedin, TransVax™ hepatitis C vaccine; Ustekinumab; V-260, Valspodar, Varenicline tartrate, VCL-IPT1, Vildagliptin, VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP, VRC-HIVDNA009-00-VP, VRC-HIVDNA016-00-VP; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan, Yttrium Y90 Epratuzumab; Zibotentan, Zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 139 | 21225012 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 17-Hydroxyprogesterone caproate; Abacavir sulfate/lamivudine, Aclidinium bromide, Adalimumab, Adefovir, Alemtuzumab, Alkaline phosphatase, Amlodipine, Apilimod mesylate, Aripiprazole, Axitinib, Azacitidine; Belotecan hydrochloride, Berberine iodide, Bevacizumab, Bortezomib, Bosentan, Bryostatin 1; Calcipotriol/hydrocortisone, Carglumic acid, Certolizumab pegol, Cetuximab, Cinacalcet hydrochloride, Cixutumumab, Coumarin, Custirsen sodium; Darbepoetin alfa, Darifenacin hydrobromide, Darunavir, Dasatinib, Denibulin hydrochloride, Denosumab, Diacetylmorphine, Dulanermin, Duloxetine hydrochloride; Ecogramostim, Enfuvirtide, Entecavir, Enzastaurin hydrochloride, Eplerenone, Escitalopram oxalate, Esomeprazole sodium, Etravirine, Everolimus, Ezetimibe; Fenofibrate/pravastatin sodium, Ferric carboxymaltose, Flavangenol, Fondaparinux sodium; Glutamine, GSK-1024850A; Hepatitis B hyperimmunoglobulin, Hib-MenC, HIV-LIPO-5; Immunoglobulin intravenous (human), Indacaterol maleate, Indibulin, Indium 111 (¹¹¹In) ibritumomab tiuxetan, Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent vaccine, Inhalable human insulin, Insulin glulisine; Lapatinib ditosylate, Leucovorin/UFT; Maraviroc, Mecasermin, MMR-V, Morphine hydrochloride, Morphine sulfate/naltrexone hydrochloride, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Naproxen/esomeprazole magnesium, Natalizumab; Oncolytic HSV; Paliperidone, PAN-811, Paroxetine, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, Pegvisomant, Pemetrexed disodium, Pimecrolimus, Posaconazole, Pregabalin; Raltegravir potassium, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Rasburicase, Rilpivirine hydrochloride; Sertindole, Sivelestat sodium hydrate, Sorafenib, Sumatriptan succinate/naproxen sodium, Sunitinib malate; Tafluprost, Telithromycin, Temsirolimus, Tenofovir disoproxil fumavate, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, Teriparatide, Ticagrelor, Tigecycline, Tipranavir, Tirapazamine, Trimetrexate; Ulipristal acetate; Valganciclovir hydrochloride, Vicriviroc, Vorinostat; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan. |
| 140 | 21069103 | Aclidinium bromide, AE-37, Alemtuzumab, AMA1-C1/ISA 720, Amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium, Arachidonic acid, Arbaclofen placarbil, Aripiprazole, ARQ-621, Azelnidipine, Azilsartan medoxomil potassium; Bevacizumab, Biphasic insulin aspart, Bortezomib; Choriogonadotropin alfa, CTS-1027; Dapagliflozin, Dasatinib, Deforolimus, Degarelix acetate, Denufosol tetrasodium, Desvenlafaxine succinate, Dronedarone hydrochloride, Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride; Enfuvirtide, Entecavir, Etaracizumab, Everolimus, Exenatide, Ezetimibe; Ferric carboxymaltose, Fludarabine, Foretinib; Gefitinib, GFT-505, GSK-256066; HPV-6/11/16/18, HuM195/rGel, HyperAcute-Lung cancer vaccine; I5NP, Imatinib mesylate, Imexon, Insulin detemir, Insulin glargine, Ivabradine hydrochloride; L2G7, Lacosamide, Lapatinib ditosylate, Lenalidomide, Lidocaine/prilocaine, Liposomal vincristine, Liraglutide, Lixivaptan; Meningococcal (groups A, C, Y and W-135) oligosaccharide diphtheria CRM197 conjugate vaccine, Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin-β, Mirabegron, Morphine/oxycodone, MR Vaccine, MSC-1936369B, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Narlaprevir, N-Desmethylclozapine; Ocriplasmin, Olaparib, Olmesartan medoxomil, Olmesartan medoxomil/azelnidipine, ONO-5334, ONO-8539; Palifermin, Panitumumab, Pardoprunox hydrochloride, PCV7, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Pexelizumab, PF-337210, Pitavastatin calcium; Raltegravir potassium, Recombinant interleukin-7, Regadenoson, Reniale, Roflumilast, Rosuvastatin calcium; Safinamide mesilate, SB-1518, SCH-527123, Selumetinib, Sipuleucel-T, Solifenacin succinate, Sorafenib, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Talaporfin sodium, Tanespimycin, Technosphere/Insulin, Telaprevir, Telatinib, Telcagepant, Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, Teriparatide, Testosterone transdermal gel, TH-302, Tiotropium bromide, Tocilizumab, Trabedersen, Tremelimumab; Valsartan/amlodipine besylate, Vernakalant hydrochloride, Visilizumab, Voreloxin, Vorinostat. |
| 141 | 20664824 | [¹¹C]RAC; (18)F-Fluoromisonidazole; 89-12; 9-[¹⁸F]Fluoropropyl-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine; Adalimumab, Adecatumumab, ADMVA, ADXS-11-001, Aflibercept, Agatolimod sodium, AGS-004, Alglucosidase alfa, Aliskiren fumarate, Alvocidib hydrochloride, AMG-108, AMG-853, Apixaban, Aripiprazole, Armodafinil, Atazanavir sulfate, Atomoxetine hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, BioMatrix Flex drug eluting stent, Biphasic insulin aspart, Bortezomib, Bosentan; Caspofungin acetate, Cediranib, Cetuximab, ChimeriVax-Dengue, Choriogonadotropin alfa, Cinacalcet hydrochloride, Cizolirtine citrate, Clofarabine, Cocaine conjugate vaccine, CX-717; Darbepoetin alfa, Dasatinib, Decitabine, Denosumab, Desvenlafaxine succinate, Dexamethasone sodium phosphate, Dienogest, Diphencyprone, Doripenem, DTaP-HepB-IPV, Dutasteride; E-7010, Ecallantide, Ecstasy, Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid, Emtricitabine, Enfuvirtide, Erlotinib hydrochloride, Eszopiclone, Etonogestrel/ethinyl estradiol, Etoricoxib, Everolimus, Everolimus-eluting coronary stent EVT-201, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; Ferumoxytol, Fesoterodine fumavate, Figitumumab, Filgrastim, Fingolimod hydrochloride, Fluticasone furoate, Fluval P, Fluzone, Fondaparinux sodium, Fulvestrant, Fungichromin; Gamma-hydroxybutyrate sodium, Gefitinib, GHB-01L1, GLY-230, GSK-1349572; Hib-MenCY-TT, Hib-TT, HPV-6/11/16/18, Hydrocodone bitartrate; IC-51, Icatibant acetate, Imatinib mesylate, Immunoglobulin intravenous (human), Indetanib, Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccine, Inhalable human insulin, Insulin glargine, Insulin glulisine, Interferon-beta, Ispinesib mesylate, Ixabepilone; Laromustine, Latanoprost/timolol maleate, L-Citrulline, Lenalidomide, Lexatumumab, Linezolid, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Lutropin alfa; Mapatumumab, MDX-066, MDX-1388, Mepolizumab, Methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin-beta, Metreleptin, Micafungin sodium, Mometasone furoate/oxymetazoline hydrochloride, Mx-dnG1, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Nabiximols, Natalizumab, Nemonoxacin, Norelgestromin/ethinyl estradiol; Oblimersen sodium, Ocriplasmin, Olmesartan medoxomil, Omacetaxine mepesuccinate; Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Pagoclone, Paliperidone, Panitumumab, Pazopanib hydrochloride, PCV7, Pegaptanib octasodium, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b/ ribavirin, Pegvisomant, Pemetrexed disodium, Perifosine, Pimecrolimus, Pitavastatin calcium, Plerixafor hydrochloride, Plitidepsin, Posaconazole, Pregabalin, Progesterone capriate; Raltegravir potassium, Ramucirumab, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Rasburicase, Recombinant Bet V1, Recombinant human insulin, rhFSH, Rolofylline, Romidepsin, Romiplostim, Rosuvastatin calcium; Sapacitabine, Sevelamer carbonate, Sinecatechins, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, SN-29244, Sorafenib, Sugammadex sodium, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Tafenoquine, Talnetant, Tanezumab, Tapentadol hydrochloride, Tasocitinib citrate, Technosphere/Insulin, Telcagepant, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Teriparatide, Ticagrelor, Tigecycline, Tiotropium bromide, Tipifarnib, Tocilizumab, TS-041; Ulipristal acetate, Urtoxazumab, Ustekinumab; Vandetanib, Varenicline tartrate, Vicriviroc, Voriconazole, Vorinostat, VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP, VRC-HIVDNA016-00-VP; Zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 142 | 20610662 | In addition to HLA and insulin genes, the costimulatory molecule CTLA-4 gene is a confirmed type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility gene. |
| 143 | 20593027 | Insulin degrading enzyme induces a conformational change in varicella-zoster virus gE, and enhances virus infectivity and stability. |
| 144 | 20593027 | Insulin degrading enzyme induces a conformational change in varicella-zoster virus gE, and enhances virus infectivity and stability. |
| 145 | 20593027 | Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein E (gE) is essential for virus infectivity and binds to a cellular receptor, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), through its unique amino terminal extracellular domain. |
| 146 | 20593027 | Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein E (gE) is essential for virus infectivity and binds to a cellular receptor, insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), through its unique amino terminal extracellular domain. |
| 147 | 20508873 | O(6)-Benzylguanine; (-)-Gossypol; Abatacept, AC-2592, Adalimumab, AIDSVAX gp120 B/E, Alemtuzumab, Aliskiren fumarate, ALVAC E120TMG, Ambrisentan, Amlodipine, Anakinra, Aripiprazole, Armodafinil, Atomoxetine hydrochloride, Avotermin; Bevacizumab, BIBW-2992, Bortezomib, Bosentan, Botulinum toxin type B; Canakinumab, CAT-354, Ciclesonide, CMV gB vaccine, Corifollitropin alfa, Daptomycin, Darbepoetin alfa, Dasatinib, Denosumab; EndoTAG-1, Eplerenone, Esomeprazole sodium, Eszopiclone, Etoricoxib, Everolimus, Exenatide, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; F-50040, Fesoterodine fumavate, Fondaparinux sodium, Fulvestrant; Gabapentin enacarbil, Golimumab; Imatinib mesylate, Inhalable human insulin, Insulin glargine, Ivabradine hydrochloride; Lercanidipine hydrochloride/enalapril maleate, Levosimendan, Liposomal vincristine sulfate, Liraglutide; MDV-3100, Mometasone furoate/formoterol fumavate, Multiepitope CTL peptide vaccine, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt, Nabiximols, Natalizumab, Nesiritide; Obeticholic acid, Olmesartan medoxomil, Omalizumab, Omecamtiv mecarbil; Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Paliperidone, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Peginterferon alfa-2b/ ribavirin, Pemetrexed disodium, Polymyxin B nonapeptide, PORxin-302, Prasugrel, Pregabalin, Pridopidine; Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Rasagiline mesilate, rDEN4delta30-4995, Recombinant human relaxin H2, rhFSH, Rilonacept, Rolofylline, Rosiglitazone maleate/metformin hydrochloride, Rosuvastatin calcium, Rotigotine; Salcaprozic acid sodium salt, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, Sitaxentan sodium, Sorafenib, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Tapentadol hydrochloride, Temsirolimus, Tenofovir, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Teriparatide, Tiotropium bromide, Tocilizumab, Tolvaptan, Tozasertib, Treprostinil sodium; Ustekinumab; Vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, Varenicline tartrate, Vatalanib succinate, Voriconazole, Vorinostat; Zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 148 | 20434402 | Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is the dominant member of the insulin family expressed during fetal life by the thymic epithelium under the control of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene/protein. |
| 149 | 20434402 | Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) is the dominant member of the insulin family expressed during fetal life by the thymic epithelium under the control of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene/protein. |
| 150 | 20434402 | On the basis of the close homology and crosstolerance between insulin, the primary T1D autoantigen, and IGF-2, the dominant self-antigen of the insulin family, a novel type of vaccination, so-called 'negative/tolerogenic self-vaccination', is currently being developed for the prevention and cure of T1D. |
| 151 | 20434402 | On the basis of the close homology and crosstolerance between insulin, the primary T1D autoantigen, and IGF-2, the dominant self-antigen of the insulin family, a novel type of vaccination, so-called 'negative/tolerogenic self-vaccination', is currently being developed for the prevention and cure of T1D. |
| 152 | 20383346 | (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, Abafungin, ACE-031, Adapalene/benzoyl peroxide, AE-37, Aflibercept, AGS-003, Albiglutide, Alemtuzumab, Aliskiren fumarate, ALT-801, AN-2728, Anacetrapib, API, Aprepitant, ARQ-197, Ascorbic acid, Atazanavir sulfate, ATN-224, AVI-4658, Azacitidine, Azelnidipine; Belinostat, Bevacizumab, BI-2536, Biphasic insulin aspart, Bortezomib, Bovine lactoferrin, Bryostatin 1, Budesonide/formoterol fumarate; cAC10, Canfosfamide hydrochloride, Cediranib, Clofarabine, Cocaine conjugate vaccine; Darbepoetin alfa, Dasatinib, Denosumab, Disomotide, Doripenem, Dovitinib Lactate, Dronedarone hydrochloride, Drospirenone/estradiol, Dutasteride; Ecogramostim, Entinostat, Enzastaurin hydrochloride, Erlotinib hydrochloride, Everolimus, Exenatide, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; Fampridine, Fenretinide LXS, FFR-factor VIIa, Fingolimod hydrochloride, Frovatriptan; Gefitinib, Gimatecan, GP-2/GM-CSF; Iloperidone, Imatinib mesylate, Indibulin, Ipilimumab, Ivabradine hydrochloride; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lapatinib ditosylate, LC-07, Lenalidomide, Linifanib, Liposomal doxorubicin, Liposomal vincristine, Litenimod, Lutein; M-118, MDX-1401, MEDI-528, Midostaurin, Miglustat, MK-0657; Natalizumab, Nesiritide, NGR-TNF, Niacin/simvastatin; Obatoclax mesylate, Olaparib, Omacetaxine mepesuccinate; Paclitaxel nanoparticles, Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Palonosetron hydrochloride, Pazopanib hydrochloride, Pegfilgrastim, Pemetrexed disodium, PER.C-flu, Perifosine, PF-02341066, Pimecrolimus, Pitrakinra, Plerixafor hydrochloride, Posaconazole; Rasburicase, Recombinant human relaxin H2, ReoT3D, Retaspimycin hydrochloride, Riferminogene pecaplasmid, Rindopepimut, Romiplostim, Ronacaleret hydrochloride, Rosuvastatin calcium, Rotigotine; Sagopilone, sALP-FcD10, SAR-245409, SCH-697243, Selumetinib, Sirolimus-eluting stent, SIR-Spheres, Sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, Sitaxentan sodium, Sorafenib, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Tandutinib, Tasimelteon, Temsirolimus, Teriparatide, Tiotropium bromide, TIV, Trabectedin, Tremelimumab, TRU-016; Vadimezan, Val8-GLP-1(7-37)OH, Vandetanib, Vernakalant hydrochloride, Voreloxin, Voriconazole, Vorinostat, Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zeaxanthin, Ziprasidone hydrochloride, Zosuquidar trihydrochloride. |
| 153 | 20228352 | Silencing of three Amblyomma americanum (L.) insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related proteins prevents ticks from feeding to repletion. |
| 154 | 20228352 | Silencing of three Amblyomma americanum (L.) insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related proteins prevents ticks from feeding to repletion. |
| 155 | 20228352 | The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBP) family is the regulatory arm of the IGF signaling system that control mitogenic and anabolic actions of IGF peptide hormones. |
| 156 | 20228352 | The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBP) family is the regulatory arm of the IGF signaling system that control mitogenic and anabolic actions of IGF peptide hormones. |
| 157 | 20204282 | Intratumoral injection of pEGFC1-IGFBP7 inhibits malignant melanoma growth in C57BL/6J mice by inducing apoptosis and down-regulating VEGF expression. |
| 158 | 20204282 | Recently, genome-wide RNA interference screening study revealed that loss of expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) is a critical step in development of MM, and this secreted protein plays a central role in apoptosis of MM. |
| 159 | 20166000 | This article reviews four recent immunointervention trials in patients with T1DM. (1) The Pre-POINT study is a primary prevention trial that will test whether vaccination with oral or nasal insulin can prevent the progression of islet autoimmunity and of T1DM in autoantibody-negative children who are genetically at high diabetes risk. (2) The Cord Blood study is a tertiary immunointervention trial that will test whether administration of autologous umbilical cord blood to children with T1DM can lead to regeneration of pancreatic islet insulin-producing beta-cells and improved blood glucose control. (3) The GAD Vaccination study will test whether vaccination with alum-formulated rhGAD65 (recombinant human glutamic acid decarboxylate) can preserve beta-cell function in 320 children with newly diagnosed T1DM, as has been suggested in a recent phase II study. (4) The AIDA study will test the beta-cell protective effect of interleukin-1-receptor antagonist Anakinra in 80 patients with T1DM, which has recently been shown to improve beta-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
| 160 | 20067829 | The desired protein can be a pharmaceutically important polypeptide (e.g. hirudin, insulin and epidermal growth factor), a neutraceutical polypeptide (somatotropin), a commercially important enzyme (e.g. xylanase), a protein important for improvement of crops (e.g. chitinase) or a multimeric protein. |
| 161 | 19959074 | Potential mechanisms of resistance to trastuzumab include bypass mechanisms, mutations of the HER2 target, masking of HER2 proteins, inhibition of insulin-like growth factor, and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) deficiency. |
| 162 | 19717225 | These agents include mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway inhibitors, anti-angiogenic drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway inhibitors, apoptosis-inducing drugs, endothelin receptor antagonists, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB (RANK) ligand inhibitors, vitamin D analogues, cytochrome P17 enzyme inhibitors, androgen receptor modulators, epigenetic therapies, vaccine therapies, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 blocking agents. |
| 163 | 19649342 | (+)-Dapoxetine hydrochloride; Abatacept, Adalimumab, Agalsidase beta, Alemtuzumab, Alglucosidase alfa, Aliskiren fumarate, Ambrisentan, Amlodipine, Aripiprazole, Atrasentan, Azacitidine, Azelnidipine; Belotecan hydrochloride, Bevacizumab, Bilastine, Biphasic insulin aspart, Bortezomib, Bosentan; Caspofungin acetate, CG-100649, Cinacalcet hydrochloride, Clindamycin phosphate/ benzoyl peroxide; Dasatinib, Denosumab, Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride, Dutasteride/tamsulosin; Ecogramostim, Eculizumab, Eltrombopag olamine, EndoTAG-1, Erlotinib hydrochloride, Everolimus, Exenatide, Ezetimibe; FAHF-2, Fondaparinux sodium; Gefitinib, Golimumab; HEV-239, HSV-TK; Imatinib mesylate, Indium 111 ((111)In) ibritumomab tiuxetan, Influenza vaccine(surface antigen, inactivated, prepared in cell culture), Insulin glargine; Kisspeptin-54; Lidocaine/prilocaine, Lomitapide; Maraviroc, Mirodenafil hydrochloride, MK-8141, MVA-Ag85A; Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate; Olmesartan medoxomil; Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Pegfilgrastim, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Pitavastatin calcium, Prasugrel; Recombinant human relaxin H2, RHAMM R3 peptide, Rivaroxaban, Rosuvastatin calcium, RRz2; Sagopilone, Salinosporamide A, SB-509, Serlopitant, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sorafenib, Sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, Temsirolimus, Teriparatide, TG-4010, Tositumomab/iodine (I131) tositumomab; Velusetrag Hydrochloride; Ximelagatran; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan. |
| 164 | 19533083 | Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is a physiological gut peptide secreted from the intestinal K-cells with well documented insulin-releasing actions. |
| 165 | 19533083 | Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is a physiological gut peptide secreted from the intestinal K-cells with well documented insulin-releasing actions. |
| 166 | 19533083 | Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is a physiological gut peptide secreted from the intestinal K-cells with well documented insulin-releasing actions. |
| 167 | 19533083 | However, the GIP receptor is widely distributed in peripheral organs, including the pancreas, gut, adipose tissue, heart, adrenal cortex and brain, suggesting that it may have other functions. |
| 168 | 19533083 | However, the GIP receptor is widely distributed in peripheral organs, including the pancreas, gut, adipose tissue, heart, adrenal cortex and brain, suggesting that it may have other functions. |
| 169 | 19533083 | However, the GIP receptor is widely distributed in peripheral organs, including the pancreas, gut, adipose tissue, heart, adrenal cortex and brain, suggesting that it may have other functions. |
| 170 | 19533083 | The presence of functional GIP receptors on adipocytes and the key role played by GIP in lipid metabolism and fat deposition suggest a possible beneficial effect of compromised GIP action in obesity and insulin resistance. |
| 171 | 19533083 | The presence of functional GIP receptors on adipocytes and the key role played by GIP in lipid metabolism and fat deposition suggest a possible beneficial effect of compromised GIP action in obesity and insulin resistance. |
| 172 | 19533083 | The presence of functional GIP receptors on adipocytes and the key role played by GIP in lipid metabolism and fat deposition suggest a possible beneficial effect of compromised GIP action in obesity and insulin resistance. |
| 173 | 19533083 | Thus, obese diabetic animals with compromised GIP action due to peptide-based GIP receptor antagonists, small molecular weight GIP receptor antagonists, vaccination against GIP, genetic knockout of GIP receptor or targeted K-cell destruction are protected against obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. |
| 174 | 19533083 | Thus, obese diabetic animals with compromised GIP action due to peptide-based GIP receptor antagonists, small molecular weight GIP receptor antagonists, vaccination against GIP, genetic knockout of GIP receptor or targeted K-cell destruction are protected against obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. |
| 175 | 19533083 | Thus, obese diabetic animals with compromised GIP action due to peptide-based GIP receptor antagonists, small molecular weight GIP receptor antagonists, vaccination against GIP, genetic knockout of GIP receptor or targeted K-cell destruction are protected against obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. |
| 176 | 19533083 | In addition, by causing preferential oxidation of fat, blockade of GIP signalling clears triacylglycerol deposits from liver and muscle, thereby restoring mechanisms for suppression of hepatic glucose output and improving insulin sensitivity. |
| 177 | 19533083 | In addition, by causing preferential oxidation of fat, blockade of GIP signalling clears triacylglycerol deposits from liver and muscle, thereby restoring mechanisms for suppression of hepatic glucose output and improving insulin sensitivity. |
| 178 | 19533083 | In addition, by causing preferential oxidation of fat, blockade of GIP signalling clears triacylglycerol deposits from liver and muscle, thereby restoring mechanisms for suppression of hepatic glucose output and improving insulin sensitivity. |
| 179 | 19362946 | Immunotherapies targeting the MUC1 protein, MAGE-A3, and EGFR have shown early evidence of clinical benefits. |
| 180 | 19362946 | Other approaches that inhibit insulin-like growth factor receptor or heat-shock protein, both involved with multiple pathways involved with cell growth and survival, have shown activity in early trials and are moving forward in trials that specifically focus on patients with advanced NSCLC. |
| 181 | 19346299 | The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-2) oncogene encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor that has evolved as a major classifier of invasive breast cancer and target of therapy for the disease. |
| 182 | 19346299 | A series of biomarkers potentially associated with resistance to trastuzumab is discussed with emphasis on the phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten/Akt and insulin-like growth factor receptor pathways. |
| 183 | 19346299 | The efficacy results for the more recently approved small molecule HER-1/HER-2 kinase inhibitor lapatinib are also presented along with a more limited review of markers of resistance for this agent. |
| 184 | 19267332 | Administration of the isoform GAD65 can prevent autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and the subsequent need for exogenous insulin replacement. |
| 185 | 19267332 | Administration of the isoform GAD65 can prevent autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and the subsequent need for exogenous insulin replacement. |
| 186 | 19267332 | A double-blind randomized Phase II trial in 70 patients (10-18 years old) with recent-onset type 1 diabetes showed significant preservation of residual insulin secretion and a GAD-specific immune response, both humoral and cell-mediated, but no treatment-related adverse events. |
| 187 | 19267332 | A double-blind randomized Phase II trial in 70 patients (10-18 years old) with recent-onset type 1 diabetes showed significant preservation of residual insulin secretion and a GAD-specific immune response, both humoral and cell-mediated, but no treatment-related adverse events. |
| 188 | 19050246 | Therapeutic administration of proinsulin DNA was accompanied by a rapid decrease in the number of insulin-specific IFN-gamma-producing T cells, whereas prophylactic treatment was accompanied by enhanced IFN-gamma-secreting cells and a decrease in insulin autoantibodies. |
| 189 | 19050246 | Adoptive transfer experiments demonstrated that the protection was not mediated by induction of CD25(+)/CD4(+) T regulatory cells. |
| 190 | 18997767 | Microneedles and thermal ablation are currently progressing through clinical trials for delivery of macromolecules and vaccines, such as insulin, parathyroid hormone and influenza vaccine. |
| 191 | 18985183 | The data in the following tables has been retrieved from the Clinical Trials Knowledge Area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com.This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABT-263, AC-2307, Aclidinium bromide, Adefovir dipivoxil, ADH-1, Agatolimod sodium, Alefacept, Aliskiren fumarate, Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, Anakinra, Apaziquone, Aprepitant, Aripiprazole, ASM-8, Atiprimod hydrochloride, AVE-0277, AVE-1642, AVE-8062, Axitinib, Azacitidine, AZD-0530; Bazedoxifene acetate, Bevacizumab, Bexarotene, BI-2536, Biphasic insulin aspart, BMS-387032, BMS-663513, Bortezomib, BQ-123, Brivanib alaninate, BSI-201; Caspofungin acetate, CDX-110, Cetuximab, Ciclesonide, CR-011, Cypher; Daptomycin, Darbepoetin alfa, Dasatinib, Decitabine, Deferasirox, Denosumab, Dexlansoprazole, Dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride, DNA-Hsp65 vaccine, Dovitinib, Drotrecogin alfa (activated), DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hibvaccine, DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP-T, Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride; Ecogramostim, Elacytarabine, Emtricitabine, Endothelin, Entecavir, Eplivanserin fumarate, Escitalopram oxalate, Everolimus, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; Farletuzumab, Fesoterodine fumarate, Fibrin sealant (human), Fulvestrant; Gefitinib, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, Glufosfamide, GSK-1562902A; Hib-TT; Imatinib mesylate, IMC-11F8, Imidazoacridinone, IMP-321, INCB-18424, Indiplon, Indisulam, INNO-406, Irinotecan hydrochloride/Floxuridine, ITF-2357, Ixabepilone; KRN-951; Lasofoxifene tartrate; Lenalidomide, LGD-4665, Lonafarnib, Lubiprostone, Lumiliximab; MDX-1100, Melan-A/MART-1/gp100/IFN-alfa, Methyl-CDDO, Metreleptin, MLN-2704, Mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Na-ASP-2, Naproxcinod, Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate, NPI-2358; Oblimersen sodium, Odanacatib; Paclitaxel nanoparticles, PAN-811, Panobinostat, PBI-1402, PC-515, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Perillyl alcohol, Perphenazine 4-aminobutyrate, PeviPRO/breast cancer, PF-03814735, PHA-739358, Pimecrolimus, Plitidepsin, Posaconazole, Prasterone, Prasugrel, Pregabalin, Prucalopride, PRX-08066; rAAV2-TNFR:Fc, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Ranibizumab, rCD154-CLL, Retapamulin, RTS,S/SBAS2, rV-PSA-TRICOM/rF-PSA-TRICOM; SG-2000, Sinecatechins, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sorafenib, SP-1640, Strontium malonate, Succinobucol, Sunitinib malate; Taxus, Teduglutide, Telavancin hydrochloride, Telbivudine, Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, Tocilizumab; Ustekinumab; V-5 Immunitor, Voriconazole, Vorinostat; Xience V, XL-184, XL-647, XL-765; Y-39983, Zibotentan. |
| 192 | 18974133 | In human melanoma cells, MFG-E8 knockdown attenuated Akt and Twist signaling and thereby compromised tumor cell survival, EMT, and invasive ability. |
| 193 | 18974133 | MFG-E8-deficient human melanoma cells also showed increased sensitivity to small molecule inhibitors of insulin-like growth factor I receptor and c-Met. |
| 194 | 18922913 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 is a target for the immunomodulation of breast cancer. |
| 195 | 18922913 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 is a target for the immunomodulation of breast cancer. |
| 196 | 18922913 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) has direct effects on breast cancer proliferation via stimulation of critical signaling pathways. |
| 197 | 18922913 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) has direct effects on breast cancer proliferation via stimulation of critical signaling pathways. |
| 198 | 18773127 | 11D10, 9vPnC-MnCc; Adalimumab, Adefovir dipivoxil, Alefacept, ALN-RSV01, AME-133, AMG-317, Aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, Amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium, Anisodamine, Anti-IL-5 receptor antibody, Apremilast, Aripiprazole, Atacicept, Atazanavir sulfate, Atrasentan; Banoxantrone, Bevacizumab, BIBW-2992, Binodenoson, BMS-387032; cAC10, Caldaret hydrate, CD-NP, Ceftobiprole medocaril, Celivarone fumarate, Certolizumab pegol, Cholesteryl hydrophobized polysaccharide-Her2 protein complex, Choline fenofibrate, Cilengitide, Cinaciguat, Curcumin, Custirsen sodium, Cypher, CYT-6091; Dalcetrapib, Deforolimus, Desvenlafaxine succinate, DHA-paclitaxel, DP6-001; E-7010, E75, Ecogramostim, EGF-P64K, EnvPro, Enzastaurin hydrochloride, Escitalopram oxalate, Ezetimibe, Ezetimibe/simvastatin; Fenretinide; Gefitinib, Golimumab, Green tea catechins, GTI-2040, GW-406381; HPV16 E6 E7, HPV-16/18 AS04, HPV-6/11/16/18; ICC-1132, Immune globulin intravenous (human), Indacaterol, Intranasal insulin; Kahalalide F; Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Laromustine, Laropiprant, GTI-2040; MAb 3H1, Mepolizumab, Mifamurtide, Milataxel, MP4; Nebicapone, Nelarabine, Neuradiab; Oncolytic HSV; PCV7, PHX-1149, Pimecrolimus, Pralatrexate, Pramiconazole; Ranibizumab, Reolysin, Rilonacept, Rolofylline, Romidepsin; S-32865, Shigella dysenteriae 1 vaccine; Taranabant, Taxus, TZP-101; Ustekinumab; Vitespen; Zileuton, Zycure. |
| 199 | 18560631 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 131-I-Chlorotoxin, 423557; Abatacept, Ad.Egr.TNF.11D, Adalimumab, AE-941, Ambrisentan, AMR-001, Anacetrapib, Anakinra, Aripiprazole, Atazanavir sulfate; BAY-639044, Bazedoxifene acetate, Belimumab, Bevacizumab, Bortezomib, Botulinum toxin type B, Brivaracetam, Bucindolol hydrochloride; Carfilzomib, Carisbamate, CCX-282, CD20Bi, Ceftobiprole, Certolizumab pegol, CF-101, Cinacalcet hydrochloride, Cypher; Darifenacin hydrobromide, Degarelix acetate, Denosumab, Desvenlafaxine succinate, Dexlansoprazole, Dexverapamil, Drotrecogin alfa (activated), Duloxetine hydrochloride, Dutasteride; Efalizumab, EPs-7630, Escitalopram oxalate, Etoricoxib; Fluticasone furoate, Fondaparinux sodium, Fospropofol disodium; Hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir, HIV gp120/NefTat/AS02A, HPV-6/11/16/18; INCB-18424, Incyclinide, Inhalable human insulin, Insulin detemir; KNS-760704, KW-0761; Lacosamide, Lenalidomide, Levetiracetam, Licofelone, Lidocaine/prilocaine; mAb 216, MEDI-528, Men ACWY, Meningococcal C-CRM197 vaccine, Methylnaltrexone bromide; Nemifitide ditriflutate, Nicotine conjugate vaccine, Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate; Octaparin; Parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), Pegaptanib octasodium, Pitrakinra, Prasterone, Pregabalin; Ranelic acid distrontium salt, Rasagiline mesilate, Retigabine, Rimonabant, RTS,S/AS02D; Sarcosine, Sitaxentan sodium, Solifenacin succinate, Sunitinib malate; Taranabant, Taxus, Teduglutide, Teriparatide, Ticagrelor, Travoprost, TRU-015; USlipristal acetate, Urocortin 2; Vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate; YM-155, Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zanolimumab, Zoledronic acid monohydrate, Zotarolimus, Zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 200 | 18306689 | In future we could use one of these screening tools to detect genetic instable population: the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay, expression of hTERT, the component of the enzyme telomerase, identification of the "longevity" genes like daf-16, p53, THO, HSP70 or the level of insulin-growth factor-I. |
| 201 | 18300565 | CD44 gene vaccination for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 202 | 18271251 | Western blot showed that the expression product (SP(Usp45)-INS protein) targeted mainly at the cell wall while little was found in cytoplasm or supernatant. |
| 203 | 18271251 | ELISA and Western blot results showed that the recombinant strain could induce SP(Usp45)-INS-specific antibodies and raise IL-4 level (38.583 +/- 2.083 pg/mL, P < 0.05) in the mice' s sera. |
| 204 | 18167158 | This review covers the epidemiological evidence regarding the role of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on the following inflammatory or autoimmune diseases: asthma and allergic diseases, Crohn's disease (CD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and specific cancers. |
| 205 | 18160431 | Hepatitis C virus core protein upregulates serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and impairs the downstream akt/protein kinase B signaling pathway for insulin resistance. |
| 206 | 18160431 | Hepatitis C virus core protein upregulates serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and impairs the downstream akt/protein kinase B signaling pathway for insulin resistance. |
| 207 | 18160431 | Since we and others have previously observed that HCV core protein activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase, we examined the contribution of these pathways to insulin resistance in hepatocytes. |
| 208 | 18160431 | Since we and others have previously observed that HCV core protein activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase, we examined the contribution of these pathways to insulin resistance in hepatocytes. |
| 209 | 18160431 | HCV core protein-mediated Ser(312) phosphorylation of IRS-1 was inhibited by JNK (SP600125) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (LY294002) inhibitors. |
| 210 | 18160431 | HCV core protein-mediated Ser(312) phosphorylation of IRS-1 was inhibited by JNK (SP600125) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (LY294002) inhibitors. |
| 211 | 18160431 | Taken together, our results demonstrated that HCV core protein increases IRS-1 phosphorylation at Ser(312) which may contribute in part to the mechanism of insulin resistance. |
| 212 | 18160431 | Taken together, our results demonstrated that HCV core protein increases IRS-1 phosphorylation at Ser(312) which may contribute in part to the mechanism of insulin resistance. |
| 213 | 17784873 | For the development of cancer vaccine therapies, we have searched for possible epitope peptides that can elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to the TTK protein kinase (TTK), lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus K (LY6K) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP-3), which were previously identified to be transactivated in the majority of lung and esophageal cancers. |
| 214 | 17784873 | We screened 31, 17 and 17 candidate human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*2402-binding peptides to parts of TTK, LY6K and IMP-3, respectively. |
| 215 | 17784873 | Subsequent analysis of the CTL clones also revealed their cytotoxic activities against lung and esophageal tumor cells that endogenously express TTK, LY6K or IMP-3. |
| 216 | 17784873 | Our results strongly imply that TTK, LY6K and IMP-3 are novel tumor-associated antigens recognized by CTL, and TTK-567 (SYRNEIAYL), LY6K-177 (RYCNLEGPPI) and IMP-3-508 (KTVNELQNL) are HLA-A24-restricted epitope peptides that can induce potent and specific immune responses against lung and esophageal cancer cells expressing TTK, LY6K and IMP-3. |
| 217 | 17615584 | The diabetogenic, insulin-specific CD8 T cell response primed in the experimental autoimmune diabetes model in RIP-B7.1 mice. |
| 218 | 17615584 | The diabetogenic, insulin-specific CD8 T cell response primed in the experimental autoimmune diabetes model in RIP-B7.1 mice. |
| 219 | 17615584 | EAD induction critically depends on CD8 T cells and is independent of CD4 T cells. |
| 220 | 17615584 | EAD induction critically depends on CD8 T cells and is independent of CD4 T cells. |
| 221 | 17615584 | To be diabetogenic, ppins-specific CD8 T cells had to express IFN-gamma. |
| 222 | 17615584 | To be diabetogenic, ppins-specific CD8 T cells had to express IFN-gamma. |
| 223 | 17615584 | Neither expression of perforin nor signaling through the type I IFN receptor is an essential component of this pathogenic CD8 T cell phenotype. |
| 224 | 17615584 | Neither expression of perforin nor signaling through the type I IFN receptor is an essential component of this pathogenic CD8 T cell phenotype. |
| 225 | 17615584 | Diabetogenic CD8 T cells specifically recognize the Kb-restricted A12-21 epitope of the insulin A-chain. |
| 226 | 17615584 | Diabetogenic CD8 T cells specifically recognize the Kb-restricted A12-21 epitope of the insulin A-chain. |
| 227 | 17590177 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) spontaneously as a consequence of an autoimmune process that leads to destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 228 | 17590177 | IDDM is characterized by increased T helper 1 (Th1) cell responses toward several autoantigens, including Hsp60, glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin. |
| 229 | 17590177 | This change included reduction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells infiltration, appearance of CD25(+) cells influx and an increased staining for interleukin (IL)-10 in the islets. |
| 230 | 17543416 | Important peptides such as cyclosporine A, insulin, calcitonin and somatostatin have been incorporated into solid lipid particles and are currently under investigation. |
| 231 | 17507477 | Insulin-like growth factor II receptor-mediated intracellular retention of cathepsin B is essential for transformation of endothelial cells by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. |
| 232 | 17507477 | Insulin-like growth factor II receptor-mediated intracellular retention of cathepsin B is essential for transformation of endothelial cells by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. |
| 233 | 17507477 | Increased targeting of CTSB to endosomes was caused by the induction by KSHV of the expression of insulin-like growth factor-II receptor (IGF-IIR), a mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR) that binds to cathepsins. |
| 234 | 17507477 | Increased targeting of CTSB to endosomes was caused by the induction by KSHV of the expression of insulin-like growth factor-II receptor (IGF-IIR), a mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR) that binds to cathepsins. |
| 235 | 17507477 | Inhibition of IGF-IIR/M6PR expression by siRNA released CTSB for secretion. |
| 236 | 17507477 | Inhibition of IGF-IIR/M6PR expression by siRNA released CTSB for secretion. |
| 237 | 17507477 | In contrast to the increased cathepsin secretion observed in most other tumors, viral inhibition of CTSB secretion via induction of an M6PR is crucial for the transformation of endothelial cells. |
| 238 | 17507477 | In contrast to the increased cathepsin secretion observed in most other tumors, viral inhibition of CTSB secretion via induction of an M6PR is crucial for the transformation of endothelial cells. |
| 239 | 17344945 | This issues focuses on the following selection of drugs: 4'-Thio-ara-C, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate; ABT-089, AD-237, AF-37702, alvocidib hydrochloride, apricitabine, armodafinil, atrasentan, AVE-5883, avian influenza vaccine, azimilide hydrochloride; Banoxantrone, BIBF-1120; CD34+ cells, certolizumab pegol, CHIR-258, cilansetron, CoFactor, CX-3543, cystemustine; D-003, dexloxiglumide, DMXB-anabaseine; Ecogramostim, elcometrine, elcometrine/ethinylestradiol, etravirine; Fenretinide, fingolimod hydrochloride, fospropofol disodium; Gaboxadol, gestodene, glutamine; Human insulin, hyaluronic acid; Incyclinide, indacaterol, ispronicline, istradefylline; Labradimil, lamifiban, lapatinib, L-arginine hydrochloride, liposomal cisplatin, liposome encapsulated paclitaxel, LY-517717; Manidipine hydrochloride/delapril hydrochloride, maraviroc, MBP(82-98), MD-0727, MDX-214, melanotan I, MMR vaccine; Nacystelyn, nalfurafine hydrochloride, nibentan, nilotinib, NK-105; OBI-1, oblimersen sodium, olmesartan medoxomil, olmesartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide, oregovomab; Pexelizumab, PG-116800, PG-CPT, PHA-794428, prasugrel; RC-3095, rDNA insulin, RFB4(dsFv)-PE38, rhEndostatin, rhenium Re-186 etidronate, rhGM-CSF, roflumilast, romidepsin; Sarcosine, SGLU1, SGN-40, succinobucol; TAU, teduglutide, telatinib, tesofensine, tipifarnib, tirapazamine, TKA-731, tolvaptan, trabectedin; Vaccimel, vatalanib succinate, velafermin, vildagliptin, vinflunine; XP-19986; YM-155. |
| 240 | 17235418 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, 9-aminocamptothecin; AdPEDF.11, AE-37, albumin interferon alfa, alicaforsen sodium, alvocidib hydrochloride, AMG-706, arginine butyrate, avanafil, axitinib, azimilide hydrochloride; BAY-579352, belagenpumatucel-L, beta-lapachone, BHT-3009, BIBW-2992, bremelanotide, BX-471; Casopitant mesylate, cediranib, certolizumab pegol, CH-1504, ChimeriVax-West Nile, clofazimine, CpG-7909, curcumin, Cypher; Dapoxetine hydrochloride, darusentan, diflomotecan, D-methionine, dnaJP1, D-serine, DTPw-HB Hib-MenAC, DTPw-HepB-Hib; E-7010, ecogramostim, edodekin alfa, EGFRvlll peptide vaccine, elcometrine, elcometrine/ethinylestradiol, elsilimomab, enrasentan, ertumaxomab, etalocib sodium, exisulind; Fenretinide, fesoterodine, fingolimod hydrochloride, fontolizumab; Gefitinib, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, ghrelin (human), GV-1001; HTU-PA, human papillomavirus vaccine; Indacaterol, indiplon, interleukin-21, intranasal insulin, irinotecan hydrochloride/floxuridine, ISIS-301012, ispinesib mesylate, ixabepilone; K562/GM-CSF; Lapatinib, L-BLP-25, linezolid, liposome encapsulated paclitaxel, LY-2124275; MC-1, MC-1/lisinopril, MDX-066, melanoma vaccine, MMR-V, multivalent (ACYW) meningitis vaccine; Nilotinib, nobori, nociceptin; Oblimersen sodium, orbofiban acetate, ospemifene; Paliperidone, panitumumab, PEG-filgrastim, PEGylated interferon alfacon-1, perflubutane, pertuzumab, phenserine tartrate, phVEGF-A165, pleconaril, prasugrel, prednisolone sodium metasulfobenzoate; R-411, recombinant malaria vaccine, rhGM-CSF, roflumilast, romidepsin, ruboxistaurin mesilate hydrate; Sirolimus-eluting stent, SR-4554, St. |
| 241 | 17136234 | This issues focuses on the following selection of drugs: (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate, (-)-gossypol, 2-deoxyglucose, 3,4-DAP, 7-monohydroxyethylrutoside; Ad5CMV-p53, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, ADH-1, alemtuzumab, aliskiren fumarate, alvocidib hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, amrubicin hydrochloride, AN-152, anakinra, anecortave acetate, antiasthma herbal medicine intervention, AP-12009, AP-23573, apaziquone, aprinocarsen sodium, AR-C126532, AR-H065522, aripiprazole, armodafinil, arzoxifene hydrochloride, atazanavir sulfate, atilmotin, atomoxetine hydrochloride, atorvastatin, avanafil, azimilide hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, biphasic insulin aspart, BMS-214662, BN-83495, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B; Caspofungin acetate, cetuximab, chrysin, ciclesonide, clevudine, clofarabine, clopidogrel, CNF-1010, CNTO-328, CP-751871, CX-717, Cypher; Dapoxetine hydrochloride, darifenacin hydrobromide, dasatinib, deferasirox, dextofisopam, dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate, diclofenac, dronedarone hydrochloride, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; Edaravone, efaproxiral sodium, emtricitabine, entecavir, eplerenone, epratuzumab, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, etoricoxib, ezetimibe, ezetimibe/simvastatin; Finrozole, fipamezole hydrochloride, fondaparinux sodium, fulvestrant; Gabapentin enacarbil, gaboxadol, gefitinib, gestodene, ghrelin (human); Human insulin, human papillomavirus vaccine; Imatinib mesylate, immunoglobulin intravenous (human), indiplon, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, intranasal insulin, istradefylline, i.v. gamma-globulin, ivabradine hydrochloride, ixabepilone; LA-419, lacosamide, landiolol, lanthanum carbonate, lidocaine/prilocaine, liposomal cisplatin, lutropin alfa; Matuzumab, MBP(82-98), mecasermin, MGCD-0103, MMR-V, morphine hydrochloride, mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Natalizumab, NCX-4016, neridronic acid, nesiritide, nilotinib, NSC-330507; O6-benzylguanine, olanzapine/fluoxetine hydrochloride, omalizumab; Panitumumab, parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), parecoxib sodium, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pegvisomant, pemetrexed disodium, perospirone hydrochloride, pexelizumab, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine, posaconazole, pramiconazole, prasugrel, pregabalin, prilocaine; rAAV-GAD65, raclopride, rasagiline mesilate, retapamulin, rosuvastatin calcium, rotigotine, rufinamide; SarCNU, SB-743921, SHL-749, sirolimus-eluting stent, sitaxsentan sodium, sorafenib; TachoSil, tadalafil, talampanel, Taxus, tegaserod maleate, telithromycin, telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide, temsirolimus, tenatoprazole, teriflunomide, tetrathiomolybdate, ticilimumab, timcodar dimesilate, tipifarnib, tirapazamine, TPI, tramiprosate, trifluridine/TPI, trimethoprim; Ularitide, Urocortin 2; Valdecoxib, valganciclovir hydrochloride, valproate magnesium, valspodar, vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, vitespen, vofopitant hydrochloride, volociximab, vorinostat; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Ziprasidone hydrochloride, zotarolimus, zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 242 | 17130554 | In the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model, CD8+ T cells play an essential role in both the initial triggering of insulitis and its destructive phase, and proinsulin (PI) is one of the dominant target antigens (Ags). |
| 243 | 17130554 | However, little is known about the beta cell epitopes presented by HLA class I molecules and recognized by human CD8+ T cells. |
| 244 | 17130554 | We validated immunogenicity and natural processing of the identified PI epitopes in HLA-A2.1-transgenic mice, while others demonstrated recognition of multiple PI epitopes by CD8+ T cells from T1DM and healthy subjects in the context of different HLA class I molecules. |
| 245 | 17130554 | DNA vaccination of HLA-transgenic mice may be another rapid and efficient reverse immunology approach to map additional epitopes derived from other T1DM Ags, such as IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65). |
| 246 | 17130554 | Transfer of this information to Elispot- and MHC tetramer-based assay formats should allow to reliably detect and characterize autoreactive CD8+ T cell responses in T1DM, and may open new avenues for early T1DM diagnosis and immune intervention. |
| 247 | 17003851 | The data in the following tables have been retrieved from the Clinical Trials Knowledge Area of Prous Science Integrity, the drug discovery and development portal, http://integrity.prous.com This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: A-007, A6, adalimumab, adenosine triphosphate, alefacept, alemtuzumab, AllerVax Ragweed, amphora, anakinra, angiotensin-(1-7), anidulafungin, apomine, aripiprazole, atomoxetine hydrochloride, avanafil; BAL-8557, becatecarin, bevacizumab, biphasic insulin aspart, BMS-188797, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, brivudine; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, caspofungin acetate, catumaxomab, certolizumab pegol, cetuximab, CG-0070, ciclesonide, cinacalcet hydrochloride, clindamycin phosphate/benzoyl peroxide, cryptophycin 52, Cypher; Dabigatran etexilate, darapladib, darbepoetin alfa, decitabine, deferasirox, desloratadine, dexanabinol, dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate, DMF, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride; E-7010, edaravone, efalizumab, emtricitabine, entecavir, eplerenone, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, estradiol valerate/dienogest, eszopiclone, exenatide, ezetimibe; Fondaparinux sodium, fulvestrant; Gefitinib, gestodene, GYKI-16084; Hyaluronic acid, hydralazine hydrochloride/isosorbide dinitrate; Imatinib mesylate, indiplon, insulin glargine; Juzen-taiho-to; Lamivudine/zidovudine/abacavir sulfate, L-arginine hydrochloride, lasofoxifene tartrate, L-BLP-25, lenalidomide, levocetirizine, levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone, lexatumumab, lidocaine/prilocaine, lubiprostone, lumiracoxib; MAb-14.18, mitoquidone; Natalizumab, neridronic acid, neuradiab; Olpadronic acid sodium salt, omalizumab; p53-DC vaccine, parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pemetrexed disodium, perifosine, pimecrolimus, prasterone, prasugrel, PRO-2000, Pseudostat; R24, rasburicase, RHAMM R3 peptide, rilonacept, rosuvastatin calcium, rotavirus vaccine, rufinamide; Sabarubicin hydrochloride, SHL-749, sirolimus-eluting stent, SLx-2101, sodium butyrate, sorafenib, SU-6668; TachoSil, tadalafil, taxus, tegaserod maleate, telbivudine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, tetramethylpyrazine, teverelix, tiotropium bromide, tipifarnib, tirapazamine, tolvaptan, TransvaxTM hepatitis C vaccine, treprostinil sodium; Valganciclovir hydrochloride, valsartan/amlodipine, vandetanib, vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, vatalanib succinate, veglin, voriconazole; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zileuton, zotarolimus, zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 248 | 17001305 | The action of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has been implicated in many malignancies, and recent data have demonstrated that the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) is required for in vitro growth of the KS-derived KSIMM cell line. |
| 249 | 17001305 | The expression of the insulin receptor (IR) was strongly induced in latently infected E-DMVEC, whereas the expression levels of the IGF-IR remained unchanged. |
| 250 | 16920946 | Using rat insulin promoter (RIP) 1-Tag4 transgenic mice that express T Ag from the RIP and develop pancreatic insulinomas, we demonstrate that epitope IV- but not epitope I-specific T(CD8) are maintained long term in tumor-bearing RIP1-Tag4 mice. |
| 251 | 16810345 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABT-510, adalimumab, alefacept, alemtuzumab, AMG-531, anakinra, armodafinil, asenapine maleate, atazanavir sulfate, atorvastatin; Bortezomib, bosentan; CEB-1555, cetuximab, ciclesonide, clodronate, CT-011; Darifenacin hydrobromide, desloratadine; E-7010, ecallantide, eculizumab, efalizumab, eltrombopag, erlotinib hydrochloride, eslicarbazepine acetate, eszopiclone, ezetimibe; Febuxostat, fosamprenavir calcium, fulvestrant; Gefitinib, genistein; Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine, human papillomavirus vaccine; Imatinib mesylate, insulin glargine; Lenalidomide, liposomal cisplatin; MAb G250, mapatumumab, midostaurin, MP4, mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Natalizumab, neridronic acid, NSC-330507; Oblimersen sodium, ofatumumab, omalizumab, oral insulin, oregovomab; Paliperidone, parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, pegylated arginine deiminase 20000, pemetrexed disodium, pimecrolimus, pitavastatin, pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine, prasterone, pregabalin, pumosetrag hydrochloride; Recombinant malaria vaccine, retigabine, rivaroxaban, Ro-26-9228, romidepsin, rosuvastatin calcium, rotavirus vaccine; SGN-30, sitaxsentan sodium, solifenacin succinate, sorafenib, sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, tegaserod maleate, temsirolimus, TER-199, tifacogin, tiludronic acid, tiotropium bromide; Vildagliptin, VNP-40101M, vorinostat; YM-150, yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zanolimumab, zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 252 | 16801985 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Adalimumab, adenosine triphosphate, alemtuzumab, alendronate sodium/cholecalciferol, aliskiren fumarate, AMGN-0007, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, anakinra, anidulafungin, aripiprazole, atomoxetine hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, bosentan; Calcipotriol/beta methasone dipropionate, caldaret hydrate, caspofungin acetate, cetuximab, cinacalcet hydrochloride, clopidogrel, cocaine-BSA conjugate, conivaptan hydrochloride, Cypher; Darbepoetin alfa, delmitide, desloratadine, desmoteplase, desoxyepothilone B, disufenton sodium, DU-176b, duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; EBV-specific CTLs, ecogramostim, edodekin alfa, efalizumab, eletriptan, emtricitabine, entecavir, erlotinib hydrochloride, ertapenem sodium, escitalopram oxalate, etoricoxib, everolimus, ezetimibe; Fanapanel, fondaparinux sodium; Gefitinib, GTI-2040, GW-501516; Her2 E75-peptide vaccine, human insulin; Ibogaine, icatibant acetate, Id-KLH vaccine, imatinib mesylate, immune globulin subcutaneous [human], indacaterol, inolimomab, ipilimumab, i.v. gamma-globulin, ivabradine hydrochloride, ixabepilone; Lacosamide, lanthanum carbonate, lenalidomide, levocetirizine, levodopa methyl ester hydrochloride/carbidopa, levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone, lidocaine/prilocaine; Maraviroc, mecasermin, melevodopa hydrochloride, mepolizumab, mitumomab; Nesiritide; Omalizumab, oral insulin; Parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), patupilone, pegaptanib sodium, PEG-filgrastim, pemetrexed disodium, photochlor, pimecrolimus, posaconazole, prasterone, prasugrel, pregabalin, prilocaine, PRX-00023; QS-21; Ranibizumab, ranirestat, rhodamine 123, rotigaptide; Sarcosine, sirolimus-eluting stent, sitaxsentan sodium, solifenacin succinate, Staphylococcus aureus vaccine; Tadalafil, talactoferrin alfa, talaporfin sodium, Taxus, tecadenoson, tegaserod maleate, telithromycin, temsirolimus, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, terutroban sodium, tesaglitazar, tesmilifene hydrochloride, TG-100115, tigecycline, torcetrapib; Ularitide; Valproic acid, sodium, voriconazole; Zotarolimus, zotarolimus-eluting stent. |
| 253 | 16790365 | However, in this study, we demonstrate protection against disease by covaccination with a mutant B7-1 molecule (B7-1wa) that binds the negative T cell regulator CTLA-4 (CD152), but not CD28. |
| 254 | 16790365 | In vitro, the T cells of covaccinated mice had negative responses to both insulin and GAD65, and this was restored by adding blocking antibodies to transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1), suggesting a role for this cytokine. |
| 255 | 16790365 | Furthermore, vaccinated mice had increased numbers of T cells with Tr-associated markers, such as CTLA-4, Foxp3, and membrane-bound TGF-beta1. |
| 256 | 16704222 | The mixture of CH2O-treated and CD2O-treated insulin was digested by the proteinase Glu-C. |
| 257 | 16636723 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 131I-labetuzumab; Abacavir sulfate, abatacept, adalimumab, ademetionine, adjuvanted influenza vaccine, alefacept, alemtuzumab, amlodipine, amphotericin B, anakinra, aripiprazole, aspirin, axitinib; Betamethasone dipropionate, bevacizumab, biphasic insulin aspart, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, BQ-123; Calcium folinate, canertinib dihydrochloride, carboplatin, carmustine, cetirizine hydrochloride, cetuximab, cholecalciferol, ciclesonide, ciclosporin, cinacalcet hydrochloride, cisplatin, clarithromycin, clofazimine, cold-adapted influenza vaccine trivalent, CpG-7909; Darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, DB-289, desloratadine, Dexamet, dicycloverine hydrochloride, dimethyl fumarate, docetaxel, dolastatin 10, drospirenone, drospirenone/estradiol, duloxetine hydrochloride; Ecogramostim, edotecarin, efaproxiral sodium, enalapril maleate, epoetin beta, epoprostenol sodium, epratuzumab, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, estradiol, etanercept; Fluconazole, fludarabine phosphate, fluorouracil; Gefitinib, gemcitabine, Ghrelin (human), glibenclamide, glimepiride, GTI-2040; Haloperidol, human insulin, hydrocortisone probutate; Imatinib mesylate, indisulam, influenza vaccine, inhaled insulin, insulin aspart, insulin glulisine, insulin lispro, irinotecan, ispronicline; Lamivudine, lamivudine/zidovudine/abacavir sulfate, lapatinib, letrozole, levocetirizine, lomustine, lonafarnib, lumiracoxib;Magnesium sulfate, MD-1100, melphalan, metformin hydrochloride, methotrexate, metoclopramide hydrochloride, mitiglinide calcium hydrate, monophosphoryl lipid A, montelukast sodium, motexafin gadolinium, mycophenolate mofetil, mycophenolic acid sodium salt; Nitisinone; Omalizumab, omapatrilat, ONYX-015, oxaliplatin; Paclitaxel, paclitaxel nanoparticles, panitumumab, parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, pertuzumab, phosphatidylcholine-rich phospholipid mixture, pimecrolimus, pioglitazone hydrochloride, pramlintide acetate, prasterone; QR-333; Ranelic acid distrontium salt, ranolazine, rasagiline mesilate, RFB4(dsFv)-PE38, ribavirin, rifabutin, risperidone, rituximab, rofecoxib, rosiglitazone maleate, rosiglitazone maleate/metformin hydrochloride, rotavirus vaccine; S-236, salmeterol xinafoate, sarizotan hydrochloride, sildenafil, sildenafil citrate, sunitinib malate; Tadalafil, tegaserod maleate, temozolomide, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, tiotropium bromide, tipifarnib, trabectedin, treprostinil sodium; Vandetanib, vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, vatalanib succinate, vinflunine, virosome influenza vaccine, voriconazole; Zidovudine. |
| 258 | 16585551 | Intranasal vaccination with proinsulin DNA induces regulatory CD4+ T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes. |
| 259 | 16585551 | Intranasal vaccination with proinsulin DNA induces regulatory CD4+ T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes. |
| 260 | 16585551 | Intranasal vaccination with proinsulin DNA induces regulatory CD4+ T cells that prevent experimental autoimmune diabetes. |
| 261 | 16585551 | We found that intranasal vaccination of NOD mice with plasmid DNA encoding mouse proinsulin II-induced CD4+ T(reg) that suppressed diabetes development, both after adoptive cotransfer with "diabetogenic" spleen cells and after transfer into NOD mice given cyclophosphamide to accelerate diabetes onset. |
| 262 | 16585551 | We found that intranasal vaccination of NOD mice with plasmid DNA encoding mouse proinsulin II-induced CD4+ T(reg) that suppressed diabetes development, both after adoptive cotransfer with "diabetogenic" spleen cells and after transfer into NOD mice given cyclophosphamide to accelerate diabetes onset. |
| 263 | 16585551 | We found that intranasal vaccination of NOD mice with plasmid DNA encoding mouse proinsulin II-induced CD4+ T(reg) that suppressed diabetes development, both after adoptive cotransfer with "diabetogenic" spleen cells and after transfer into NOD mice given cyclophosphamide to accelerate diabetes onset. |
| 264 | 16585551 | In contrast to prototypic CD4+ CD25+ T(reg), CD4+ T(reg) induced by proinsulin DNA were both CD25+ and CD25- and not defined by markers such as glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR), CD103, or Foxp3. |
| 265 | 16585551 | In contrast to prototypic CD4+ CD25+ T(reg), CD4+ T(reg) induced by proinsulin DNA were both CD25+ and CD25- and not defined by markers such as glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR), CD103, or Foxp3. |
| 266 | 16585551 | In contrast to prototypic CD4+ CD25+ T(reg), CD4+ T(reg) induced by proinsulin DNA were both CD25+ and CD25- and not defined by markers such as glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR), CD103, or Foxp3. |
| 267 | 16585551 | However, diabetes was prevented when DNA vaccination was performed under the cover of CD40 ligand blockade, known to prevent priming of CTL by mucosal Ag. |
| 268 | 16585551 | However, diabetes was prevented when DNA vaccination was performed under the cover of CD40 ligand blockade, known to prevent priming of CTL by mucosal Ag. |
| 269 | 16585551 | However, diabetes was prevented when DNA vaccination was performed under the cover of CD40 ligand blockade, known to prevent priming of CTL by mucosal Ag. |
| 270 | 16541195 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABT-510, adalimumab, alefacept, ambrisentan, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, armodafinil, aselizumab, asenapine maleate, azelnidipine; Bevacizumab, bexarotene, bimosiamose, biphasic insulin aspart, bortezomib, bosentan, BQ-123; C340, cannabidiol, caspofungin acetate, CC-4047, certolizumab pegol, cetuximab, ciclesonide, cilansetron, Cypher; Dabigatran etexilate, darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, desloratadine, dexosome vaccine (melanoma), dimethyl fumarate, dronabinol/cannabidiol, drospirenone, drospirenone/estradiol, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; Efalizumab, eglumetad hydrate, emoxipin hydrochloride, eplerenone, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol; Garenoxacin mesilate, gamma-hydroxybutyrate sodium, gefitinib; H5N1 pandemic influenza vaccine, human growth hormone-(177-191), human insulin; Indacaterol, INKP-100, INKP-102, insulin glargine, i.v. gamma-globulin; KLH; Lapatinib, L-arginine hydrochloride, lasofoxifene tartrate, levocetirizine, licochalcone A, LMI vaccine, lomefloxacin, lubiprostone, lumiracoxib; Miglustat, mycograb; Natalizumab, NCX-4016, nortopixantrone hydrochloride; Olmesartan medoxomil, omalizumab, oral insulin, OrM3; Parathyroid hormone (human recombinant), parecoxib sodium, PCK-3145, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, pemetrexed disodium, pexelizumab, photochlor, pimecrolimus, pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine, polyphenon E; R-126638, R-411, resveratrol, roflumilast, RS-86, ruboxistaurin mesilate hydrate, rupatadine fumarate; Sipuleucel-T, somatropin, St. |
| 271 | 16517711 | Immunization with murine breast cancer cells treated with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor induced an antitumoral effect mediated by a CD8+ response involving Fas/Fas ligand cytotoxic pathway. |
| 272 | 16517711 | Immunization with murine breast cancer cells treated with antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor induced an antitumoral effect mediated by a CD8+ response involving Fas/Fas ligand cytotoxic pathway. |
| 273 | 16517711 | We have demonstrated that in vivo administration of phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS[S]ODNs) to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) mRNA resulted in inhibition of C4HD breast cancer growth in BALB/c mice. |
| 274 | 16517711 | We have demonstrated that in vivo administration of phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS[S]ODNs) to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) mRNA resulted in inhibition of C4HD breast cancer growth in BALB/c mice. |
| 275 | 16517711 | Furthermore, cytotoxicity and splenocyte proliferation assays demonstrated that a cellular CD8(+)-dependent immune response, acting through the Fas/Fas ligand death pathway, could be mediating the antitumor effect induced by immunization with AS[S]ODN-treated cells. |
| 276 | 16517711 | Furthermore, cytotoxicity and splenocyte proliferation assays demonstrated that a cellular CD8(+)-dependent immune response, acting through the Fas/Fas ligand death pathway, could be mediating the antitumor effect induced by immunization with AS[S]ODN-treated cells. |
| 277 | 16517711 | We demonstrated for the first time that IGF-IR AS[S]ODN treatment of breast cancer cells induced expression of CD86 and heat shock protein 70 molecules, both involved in the induction of the immunogenic phenotype. |
| 278 | 16517711 | We demonstrated for the first time that IGF-IR AS[S]ODN treatment of breast cancer cells induced expression of CD86 and heat shock protein 70 molecules, both involved in the induction of the immunogenic phenotype. |
| 279 | 16179960 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate; ACP-103, Ad.Egr.TNF.11 D, adalimumab, AF-IL 12, AIDSVAX gp120 B/B, alefacept, alemtuzumab, a-Galactosylceramide, ALVAC vCP 1452, alvimopan hydrate, alvocidib hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, anakinra, anidulafungin, antarelix, aprepitant, aripiprazole, arsenic sulfide, asoprisnil, atazanavir sulfate, atomoxetine hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, bimatoprost, BMS-184476, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, BrachySil, brivudine; Caffeine, calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, cannabidiol, capsaicin for injection, caspofungin acetate, CC-4047, cetuximab, CGP-36742, clofazimine, CpG-7909, Cypher; Darbepoetin alfa, dextromethorphan/quinidine sulfate, dimethylfumarate, dronabinol/cannabidiol, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; Ecogramostim, efalizumab, eletriptan, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, eplerenone, esomeprazole magnesium, estradiol acetate, eszopiclone, etoricoxib, exenatide, ezetimibe, ezetimibe/simvastatin; Fampridine, fondaparinux sodium, fosamprenavir calcium; Gefitinib, GPI-0100; hA 20, HTU-PA, human insulin, HuOKT 3 gamma 1(Ala 234-Ala 235), hyaluronic acid; Icatibant, imatinib mesylate, Indiplon, INKP-100, INKP-102, iodine (I131) tositumomab, istradefylline, IV gamma-globulin, ivabradine hydrochloride, ixabepilone; Lacosamide, landiolol, lanthanum carbonate, lasofoxifene tartrate, LB-80380, lenalidomide, lidocaine/tetracaine, linezolid, liposomal doxorubicin, liposomal vincristine sulfate, lopinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, lumiracoxib, lurtotecan; Maribavir, morphine glucuronide, MVA-5 T 4; NBI-56418, NCX-4016, nesiritide, nicotine conjugate vaccine, NSC-330507; Oglufanide, omalizumab, oxipurinol; Palifermin, palonosetron hydrochloride, parecoxib sodium, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, PEGylated interferon alfacon-1, perospirone hydrochloride, pimecrolimus, pixantrone maleate, plerixafor hydrochloride, PowderJect lidocaine, pradefovir mesylate, prasterone, pregabalin, Prostvac VF, PT-141, PTC-124, pyridoxamine; QS-21, quercetin; R-126638, R-411, ralfinamide, rasagiline mesilate, rF-PSA, RG-2077, rhThrombin, rimonabant hydrochloride, rofecoxib, rosuvastatin calcium, rotigotine hydrochloride, rV-PSA; S-18886, S-303, seocalcitol, SGN-40, sitaxsentan sodium, SPP-301, St. |
| 280 | 16107864 | DNA vaccination with an insulin construct and a chimeric protein binding to both CTLA4 and CD40 ameliorates type 1 diabetes in NOD mice. |
| 281 | 16107864 | This mutant B7.1 binds CTLA4 but not CD28. |
| 282 | 16107864 | We report that young NOD mice immunized with mbPPI along with mB7.1/CD40L DNA vectors significantly reduced diabetes incidence while treatment with CTLA4/IgG1 exacerbated diabetes. |
| 283 | 16082427 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 3-AP, Adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, AeroDose albuterol inhaler, agalsidase alfa, alemtuzumab, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, anidulafungin, anthrax vaccine, anti-CTLA-4 MAb, azimilide hydrochloride; Bevacizumab, BG-12, bimatoprost, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B; Caspofungin acetate, ceftobiprole, certolizumab pegol, CG-53135, cilansetron; Darbepoetin alfa, degarelix acetate, dimethylfumarate, duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; Eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid, eletriptan, entecavir, esomeprazole magnesium, exatecan mesilate, exenatide, ezetimibe; Falecalcitriol, fampridine, fondaparinux sodium, fontolizumab; Gefitinib, gepirone hydrochloride; Human insulin; IDEA-070, imatinib mesylate, iodine (I131) tositumomab; Lanthanum carbonate, lubiprostone; Mafosfamide cyclohexylamine salt, melatonin; NC-531, nemifitide ditriflutate, neridronic acid, nolatrexed dihydrochloride; Oral insulin; Palifermin, parecoxib sodium, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, plerixafor hydrochloride, posaconazole, pramlintide acetate, pregabalin, PT-141; Quercetin; Ranibizumab, renzapride hydrochloride, RSD-1235; Sabarubicin hydrochloride, semapimod hydrochloride, Semax, SHL-749; Tegaserod maleate, tenatoprazole, tetrodotoxin, tolevamer sodium, trabectedin, travoprost, travoprost/timolol; Valdecoxib, visilizumab, Xcellerated T cells, XP-828L; Zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 284 | 16082422 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abiraterone acetate, acyline, adalimumab, adenosine triphosphate, AEE-788, AIDSVAX gp120 B/B, AK-602, alefacept, alemtuzumab, alendronic acid sodium salt, alicaforsen sodium, alprazolam, amdoxovir, AMG-162, aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, aminophylline hydrate, anakinra, anecortave acetate, anti-CTLA-4 MAb, APC-8015, aripiprazole, aspirin, atazanavir sulfate, atomoxetine hydrochloride, atorvastatin calcium, atrasentan, AVE-5883, AZD-2171; Betamethasone dipropionate, bevacizumab, bimatoprost, biphasic human insulin (prb), bortezomib, BR-A-657, BRL-55730, budesonide, busulfan; Calcipotriol, calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, calcium folinate, capecitabine, capravirine, carmustine, caspofungin acetate, cefdinir, certolizumab pegol, CG-53135, chlorambucil, ciclesonide, ciclosporin, cisplatin, clofarabine, clopidogrel hydrogensulfate, clozapine, co-trimoxazole, CP-122721, creatine, CY-2301, cyclophosphamide, cypher, cytarabine, cytolin; D0401, darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, DASB, desipramine hydrochloride, desloratadine, desvenlafaxine succinate, dexamethasone, didanosine, diquafosol tetrasodium, docetaxel, doxorubicin hydrochloride, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; Ecallantide, efalizumab, efavirenz, eletriptan, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, enoxaparin sodium, estramustine phosphate sodium, etanercept, ethinylestradiol, etonogestrel, etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol, etoposide, exenatide; Famciclovir, fampridine, febuxostat, filgrastim, fludarabine phosphate, fluocinolone acetonide, fluorouracil, fluticasone propionate, fluvastatin sodium, fondaparinux sodium; Gaboxadol, gamma-hydroxybutyrate sodium, gefitinib, gelclair, gemcitabine, gemfibrozil, glibenclamide, glyminox; Haloperidol, heparin sodium, HPV 16/HPV 18 vaccine, human insulin, human insulin; Icatibant, imatinib mesylate, indium 111 (111In) ibritumomab tiuxetan, infliximab, INKP-100, iodine (I131) tositumomab, IoGen, ipratropium bromide, ixabepilone; L-870810, lamivudine, lapatinib, laquinimod, latanoprost, levonorgestrel, licochalcone a, liposomal doxorubicin, lopinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, lorazepam, lovastatin; Maraviroc, maribavir, matuzumab, MDL-100907, melphalan, methotrexate, methylprednisolone, mitomycin, mitoxantrone hydrochloride, MK-0431, MN-001, MRKAd5 HIV-1 gag/pol/nef, MRKAd5gag, MVA.HIVA, MVA-BN Nef, MVA-Muc1-IL-2, mycophenolate mofetil; Nelfinavir mesilate, nesiritide, NSC-330507; Olanzapine, olmesartan medoxomil, omalizumab, oral insulin, osanetant; PA-457, paclitaxel, paroxetine, paroxetine hydrochloride, PCK-3145, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, perillyl alcohol, pexelizumab, pimecrolimus, pitavastatin calcium, porfiromycin, prasterone, prasugrel, pravastatin sodium, prednisone, pregabalin, prinomastat, PRO-2000, propofol, prostate cancer vaccine; Rasagiline mesilate, rhBMP-2/ACS, rhBMP-2/BCP, rhC1, ribavirin, rilpivirine, ritonavir, rituximab, Ro-26-9228, rosuvastatin calcium, rosuvastatin sodium, rubitecan; Selodenoson, simvastatin, sirolimus, sitaxsentan sodium, sorafenib, SS(dsFv)-PE38, St. |
| 285 | 16035283 | However, despite the identification of the three major type 1-diabetes-related autoantigens (insulin, GAD65 and phosphatase IA-2), the origin of this immune dysregulation still remains unknown. |
| 286 | 16035283 | However, despite the identification of the three major type 1-diabetes-related autoantigens (insulin, GAD65 and phosphatase IA-2), the origin of this immune dysregulation still remains unknown. |
| 287 | 16035283 | However, despite the identification of the three major type 1-diabetes-related autoantigens (insulin, GAD65 and phosphatase IA-2), the origin of this immune dysregulation still remains unknown. |
| 288 | 16035283 | All the genes of the insulin family (INS, IGF1 and IGF2) are expressed in the thymus network. |
| 289 | 16035283 | All the genes of the insulin family (INS, IGF1 and IGF2) are expressed in the thymus network. |
| 290 | 16035283 | All the genes of the insulin family (INS, IGF1 and IGF2) are expressed in the thymus network. |
| 291 | 16035283 | Compared to insulin B9-23, the presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 to peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from type 1 diabetic DQ8+ adolescents elicits a regulatory/tolerogenic cytokine profile (*IL-10, *IL-10/IFN-g, *IL-4). |
| 292 | 16035283 | Compared to insulin B9-23, the presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 to peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from type 1 diabetic DQ8+ adolescents elicits a regulatory/tolerogenic cytokine profile (*IL-10, *IL-10/IFN-g, *IL-4). |
| 293 | 16035283 | Compared to insulin B9-23, the presentation of IGF-2 B11-25 to peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from type 1 diabetic DQ8+ adolescents elicits a regulatory/tolerogenic cytokine profile (*IL-10, *IL-10/IFN-g, *IL-4). |
| 294 | 16013476 | A fusion gene CTB-PROIN, in which Proinsulin gene was fused to the 3' end of CTB gene by a hinge peptide 'GPGP', was constructed and cloned into pET-30a(+) to obtain a prokaryotic expression vector pETCPI. |
| 295 | 15834459 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs:[188Re]-HDD; A-179578, adalimumab, AK-602, albumin interferon alfa, alfimeprase, amelubant, anakinra, anti-CD2 MAb, APD-356, aripiprazole, atvogen; Bimatoprost, bimosiamose, BLP-25, brivaracetam; Caspofungin acetate, cilansetron, CMV vaccine (bivalent), conivaptan hydrochloride, Cypher; Darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, D-D4FC, decitabine, dnaJP1, doranidazole, dronedarone hydrochloride; Efalizumab, efaproxiral sodium, emtricitabine, Endeavor, entecavir, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, etoricoxib, etravirine, ezetimibe; Fampridine, fenretinide, ferumoxtran-10, forodesine hydrochloride; Gantacurium chloride, gemi-floxacin mesilate, Glyminox, GW-501516; HBV-ISS, hepavir B, human insulin, HuMax-CD20, hyaluronic acid, HyCAMP; Icatibant, IDEA-070, IGN-311, imatinib mesylate, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine; Lapatinib, lasofoxifene tartrate, LB-80380, liarozole fumarate, liposome encapsulated doxorubicin, lumiracoxib, LY-570310; MC-1, melatonin, merimepodib, metanicotine, midostaurin; Natalizumab, nicotine conjugate vaccine, NYVAC-HIV C; Patupilone, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, pelitinib, Peru-15, pexelizumab, PHP, pimecrolimus, prednisolone sodium metasulfobenzoate; Recombinant alfa1-antitrypsin (AAT), retigabine, rHA influenza vaccine, rifalazil, rofecoxib, rosiglitazone maleate/Metformin hydrochloride, rostaporfin, rosuvastatin calcium, rubitecan; Selenite sodium, semilente insulin, SMP-797, sorafenib; Talampanel, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, TER-199, tiotropium bromide, torcetrapib, treprostinil sodium, TTA; ValboroPro, valdecoxib, val-mCyd, valtorcitabine dihydrochloride: XP-828L. |
| 296 | 15777106 | Mecasermin rinfabate: insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, mecaserimin rinfibate, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3. |
| 297 | 15777106 | Mecasermin rinfabate: insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, mecaserimin rinfibate, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3. |
| 298 | 15777106 | Mecasermin rinfabate: insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, mecaserimin rinfibate, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3. |
| 299 | 15777106 | Insmed is developing mecasermin rinfabate, a recombinant complex of insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) and binding protein-3 (rhIGFBP-3) [insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3, SomatoKine], for a number of metabolic and endocrine indications. |
| 300 | 15777106 | Insmed is developing mecasermin rinfabate, a recombinant complex of insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) and binding protein-3 (rhIGFBP-3) [insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3, SomatoKine], for a number of metabolic and endocrine indications. |
| 301 | 15777106 | Insmed is developing mecasermin rinfabate, a recombinant complex of insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) and binding protein-3 (rhIGFBP-3) [insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3, rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3, SomatoKine], for a number of metabolic and endocrine indications. |
| 302 | 15777106 | In the human body, IGF-I circulates in the blood bound to a binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which regulates the delivery of IGF-I to target tissues, and particular proteases clip them apart in response to stresses and release IGF-I as needed. |
| 303 | 15777106 | In the human body, IGF-I circulates in the blood bound to a binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which regulates the delivery of IGF-I to target tissues, and particular proteases clip them apart in response to stresses and release IGF-I as needed. |
| 304 | 15777106 | In the human body, IGF-I circulates in the blood bound to a binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which regulates the delivery of IGF-I to target tissues, and particular proteases clip them apart in response to stresses and release IGF-I as needed. |
| 305 | 15777106 | For the treatment of IGF-I deficiency, it is desirable to administer IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3 to maintain the normal equilibrium of these proteins in the blood. |
| 306 | 15777106 | For the treatment of IGF-I deficiency, it is desirable to administer IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3 to maintain the normal equilibrium of these proteins in the blood. |
| 307 | 15777106 | For the treatment of IGF-I deficiency, it is desirable to administer IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3 to maintain the normal equilibrium of these proteins in the blood. |
| 308 | 15777106 | Insmed has acquired an exclusive licence to Pharmacia's regulatory filings concerning yeast-derived insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). |
| 309 | 15777106 | Insmed has acquired an exclusive licence to Pharmacia's regulatory filings concerning yeast-derived insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). |
| 310 | 15777106 | Insmed has acquired an exclusive licence to Pharmacia's regulatory filings concerning yeast-derived insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). |
| 311 | 15777106 | In January 2004, Insmed obtained a non-exclusive licence to the patents for use of IGF-I for the treatment of extreme or severe insulin-resistant diabetes from Fujisawa Pharmaceutical. |
| 312 | 15777106 | In January 2004, Insmed obtained a non-exclusive licence to the patents for use of IGF-I for the treatment of extreme or severe insulin-resistant diabetes from Fujisawa Pharmaceutical. |
| 313 | 15777106 | In January 2004, Insmed obtained a non-exclusive licence to the patents for use of IGF-I for the treatment of extreme or severe insulin-resistant diabetes from Fujisawa Pharmaceutical. |
| 314 | 15699519 | Based on these findings we have developed experimental autoimmune diabetes (EAD), a new mouse model characterized by (1) CD4(+)/CD8(+) insulitis, induced by (2) (prepro)insulin DNA vaccination, leading to (3) beta cell damage and insulin deficiency in (4) RIP-B7.1 transgenic mice (H-2(b)). |
| 315 | 15699488 | CD4+ T cell proliferation in response to GAD and proinsulin in healthy, pre-diabetic, and diabetic donors. |
| 316 | 15699488 | CD4+ T cell proliferation in response to GAD and proinsulin in healthy, pre-diabetic, and diabetic donors. |
| 317 | 15699488 | However, peripheral blood cells from healthy, pre-diabetic and diabetic donors exhibited overlap in responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and proinsulin (PI). |
| 318 | 15699488 | However, peripheral blood cells from healthy, pre-diabetic and diabetic donors exhibited overlap in responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) and proinsulin (PI). |
| 319 | 15672123 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abetimus sodium, ademetionine, agalsidase alfa, agalsidase beta, alemtuzumab, alfimeprase, AMG-162, androgel, anidulafungin, antigastrin therapeutic vaccine, aripiprazole, atomoxetine hydrochloride; Bazedoxifene acetate, bevacizumab, bosentan; Caldaret hydrate, canfosfamide hydrochloride, choriogonadotropin alfa, ciclesonide, combretastatin A-4 phosphate, CY-2301; Darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, decitabine, degarelix acetate, duloxetine hydrochloride; ED-71, enclomiphene citrate, eplerenone, epratuzumab, escitalopram oxalate, eszopiclone, ezetimibe; Fingolimod hydrochloride, FP-1096; HMR-3339A, HSV-TK/GCV gene therapy, human insulin, HuOKT3gamma1(Ala234-Ala235); Idursulfase, imatinib mesylate, indiplon, InnoVax C insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, irofulven; Labetuzumab, lacosamide, lanthanum carbonate, LyphoDerm, Lyprinol; Magnesium sulfate, metelimumab, methylphenidate hydrochloride; Natalizumab, NO-aspirin; OROS(R); PC-515, pegaptanib sodium, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ribavirin, pemetrexed disodium, peptide YY3-36, posaconazole, pregabalin, PT-141, pyridoxamine; R-744, ramelteon, ranelic acid distrontium salt, rebimastat, repinotan hydrochloride, rhC1, rhGAD65, rosiglitazone maleate/metformin hydrochloride; Sardomozide, solifenacin succinate; Tadalafil, taxus, telavancin, telithromycin, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, testosterone transdermal patch, tetomilast, tirapazamine, torcetrapib; Valspodar, vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, vildagliptin; Yttrium Y90 epratuzumab; Ziprasidone hydrochloride. |
| 320 | 15632957 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: (PE)HRG214, 1E10, 21-Aminoepothilone B; Ad.Egr.TNF.11D, Ad100-B7.1/HLA, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, alefacept, alemtuzumab, AMD-070, anhydrovinblastine, aripiprazole, asimadoline, atrasentan, AVE-5883; Bimatoprost, BNP-7787, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, BR-1; Canfosfamide hydrochloride, ciclesonide, curcumin, cypher; D0401, darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin hydrobromide, D-D4FC, dendritic cell-based vaccine, desloratadine, dextrin sulfate, dolastatin 10, drospirenone drospirenone/estradiol, DS-992, duloxetine hydrochloride, dutasteride; E-7010, efalizumab, eletriptan, EM-1421, enfuvirtide, entecavir, etoricoxib, everolimus, exenatide, ezetimibe; Favid, fidarestat, fingolimod hydrochloride, FK-352; Gefitinib, gemifloxacin mesilate, gepirone hydrochloride, gimatecan; HE-2000; Imatinib mesylate, indisulam, insulin detemir, irofulven, ISIS-5132; Lapatinib, levocetirizine, liraglutide, lumiracoxib; Metformin/Glyburide, methionine enkephalin, MK-0431, morphine hydrochloride, motexafin gadolinium, mycobacterium cell wall complex; Naturasone, neridronic acid, nesiritide; Oblimersen sodium, olanzapine/fluoxetine hydrochloride, omalizumab, oral insulin; Paclitaxel poliglumex, PC-515, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ ribavirin, pegvisomant, pexelizumab, picoplatin, pramlintide acetate, prasterone, pregabalin; Quercetin; Ramelteon, ranirestat, RG228, rhGAD65, roflumilast, rubitecan; Sitaxsentan sodium, solifenacin succinate; Tadalafil, taxus, tipifarnib, tolevamer sodium, topixantrone hydrochloride; Valganciclovir hydrochloride, vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate, vildagliptin, voriconazole; XTL-001; Zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 321 | 15605126 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Abiraterone acetate, Ad5CMV-p53, adefovir dipivoxil, AE-941, ambrisentan, aripiprazole, atomoxetine hydrochloride, atrasentan; BCH-10618, bimatoprost, BMS-184476, BMS-275183, BMS-387032, botulinum toxin type B, BR-1, BR96-Doxorubicin; Capravirine, caspofungin acetate, cinacalcet hydrochloride; Darbepoetin alfa, desloratadine, dextrin sulfate, DJ-927, duloxetine hydrochloride; Elacridar, emtricitabine, eplerenone, ertapenem sodium, escitalopram oxalate, ESP-24217, etoricoxib, exenatide, ezetimibe; Ferumoxtran-10, fondaparinux sodium, fosamprenavir calcium; GS-7904L, GW-5634; HMN-214, human insulin; IC-14, imatinib mesylate, indiplon, insulin glargine, insulinotropin, iseganan hydrochloride; Lanthanum carbonate, L-Arginine hydrochloride, LEA29Y, lenalidomide, LE-SN38, lestaurtinib, L-MDAM, lometrexol, lopinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir; Magnesium sulfate, maraviroc, mepolizumab, metreleptin, milataxel, MNA-715, morphine hydrochloride; Nesiritide, neutrophil-inhibitory factor, NK-911; Olanzapine/fluoxetine hydrochloride, olmesartan medoxomil, omalizumab, ortataxel, oxycodone hydrochloride/ibuprofen; Panitumumab, patupilone, PC-515, PD-MAGE-3 Vaccine, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, peginterferon alfa-2b/ ribavirin, pemetrexed disodium, pimecrolimus, prasugrel, pregabalin, PRO-2000; Rosuvastatin calcium, RPR-113090; sabarubicin hydrochloride, safinamide mesilate, SB-715992, sitaxsentan sodium, soblidotin, synthadotin; Tadalafil, taltobulin, temsirolimus, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine, testosterone gel, tigecycline, tipranavir, tirapazamine, trabectedin, travoprost; UCN-01; Vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate; XB-947; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan. |
| 322 | 15539509 | Association of CD4+ CD25+ T cells with prevention of severe destructive arthritis in Borrelia burgdorferi-vaccinated and challenged gamma interferon-deficient mice treated with anti-interleukin-17 antibody. |
| 323 | 15539509 | CD4+ CD25+ T cells are a population of regulatory T cells responsible for active suppression of autoimmunity. |
| 324 | 15539509 | Specifically, CD4+ CD25+ T cells have been shown to prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, and pancreatitis. |
| 325 | 15539509 | Here, we present evidence that CD4+ CD25+ T cells also play a major role in controlling the severity of arthritis detected in Borrelia burgdorferi-vaccinated gamma interferon-deficient (IFN-gamma degrees ) C57BL/6 mice challenged with the Lyme spirochete. |
| 326 | 15539509 | When B. burgdorferi-vaccinated and challenged IFN-gamma degrees mice were treated with anti-interleukin-17 (IL-17) antibody, the number of CD4+ CD25+ T cells increased in the local lymph nodes. |
| 327 | 15539509 | When these anti-IL-17-treated B. burgdorferi-vaccinated and challenged mice were also administered anti-CD25 antibody, the number of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in the local lymph nodes decreased. |
| 328 | 15539509 | These results suggest that CD4+ CD25+ T cells are involved in regulation of a severe destructive arthritis induced with an experimental model of vaccination and challenge with B. burgdorferi. |
| 329 | 15349141 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABI-007, Ad.Egr.TNF.11D, adefovir dipivoxil, AdPEDF.11, AES-14, albumex, alefacept, alemtuzumab, aliskiren fumarate, alvimopan hydrate, aAminolevulinic acid hydrochloride, aminolevulinic acid methyl ester, anakinra, anti-IL-12 MAb, aprepitant, atazanavir sulfate, atrasentan, avanafil; Banoxantrone, BG-12, bimatoprost, bortezomib, bosentan; Calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate, caspofungin acetate, CBT-1, ciclesonide, clofarabine, conivaptan hydrochloride, CpG-7909, C-Vax, Cypher; DA-8159, DAC:GLP-1, darbepoetin alfa, darifenacin, duloxetine hydrochloride; Eculizumab, efalizumab, efaproxiral sodium, EGF vaccine, eletriptan, epratuzumab, erlotinib hydrochloride, escitalopram oxalate, ETC-642, etoricoxib, everolimus, exenatide; Gefitinib, IV gamma-globulin; Human insulin, gamma-hydroxybutyrate sodium; IDN-6556, iguratimod, imatinib mesylate, indiplon, ixabepilone; Laquinimod, LB-80380, lidocaine/prilocaineliraglutide, lopinavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, lucinactant; MAb-14.18, melatonin, MLN-591-DM1; NC-531, neridronic acid, nesiritide, neutrophil-inhibitory factor, niacin/lovastatin; Oblimersen sodium, olcegepant, oral Insulin, ORV-105; Palonosetron hydrochloride, PAmAb, pegaptanib sodium, peginterferon alfa-2a, pegvisomant, perifosine, pexelizumab, phenoxodiol, phenserine tartrate, pimecrolimus, pramlintide acetate, pregabalin, PRO-542, prostate cancer vaccine, PT-141; Ramelteon, rasagiline mesilate, rDNA insulin, reslizumab, rh-Lactoferrin, ribamidine hydrochloride, rosuvastatin calcium; S-8184l, SC-1, sorafenib, St. |
| 330 | 15319808 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 166Ho-DOTMP 5A8; A-179578, abetimus sodium, adefovir dipivoxil, AGI-1067, AIDSVAX gp120 B/B, AK-602, alefacept alemtuzumab, aliskiren fumarate, ALVAC vCP1433, ALVAC vCP1452, anecortave acetate, arzoxifene hydrochloride, atazanavir sulfate, atlizumab, avasimibe; Binodenoson, BMS-488043; Choriogonadotropin alfa, ciclesonide, COL-1621, CVT-3146, CVT-E002, Cypher; Daptomycin, darbepoetin alfa, darunavir, D-D4FC, deferasirox, desloratadine, desmoteplase, duloxetine hydrochloride, DX-9065a; E-5564, efalizumab, emfilermin, emivirine, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, estradiol acetate, ezetimibe; Frovatriptan; Gallium maltolate, gefitinib; HIV-1 Immunogen, human insulin; Iguratimod, IL-4/IL-13 Trap, imatinib mesylate, inhaled insulin, insulin glargine, irofulven, ISS-1018, ivabradine hydrochloride; Lutropin alfa; Melatonin; Nesiritide; O6-Benzylguanine, omapatrilat, oritavancin, ospemifene; Parecoxib sodium, peginterferon alfa-2a, pexelizumab, pimecrolimus, pirfenidone, pramlintide acetate, prasterone sulfate PT-141; Rasburicase, razaxaban hydrochloride, recombinant malaria vaccine, rhBMP-2/ACS, roflumilast, rosiglitazone maleate/metformin hydrochloride, rotavirus vaccine; SCH-D, sitaxsentan sodium, solifenacin succinate; Targinine hydrochloride, taxus, TER-199, tramadol hydrochloride/acetaminophen; Valdecoxib, valganciclovir hydrochloride, vatalanib succinate, VEG Trap(R1R2); Ximelagatran; Yttrium Y90 Epratuzumab. |
| 331 | 15148527 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: ABI-007, adalimumab, adefovir dipivoxil, alefacept, alemtuzumab, 3-AP, AP-12009, APC-8015, L-Arginine hydrochloride, aripiprazole, arundic acid, avasimibe; Bevacizumab, bivatuzumab, BMS-181176, BMS-184476, BMS-188797, bortezomib, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, BQ-123, BRL-55730, bryostatin 1; CEP-1347, cetuximab, cinacalcet hydrochloride, CP-461, CpG-7909; D-003, dabuzalgron hydrochloride, darbepoetin alfa, desloratadine, desoxyepothilone B, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride, DHA-paclitaxel, diflomotecan, DN-101, DP-b99, drotrecogin alfa (activated), duloxetine hydrochloride, duramycin; Eculizumab, Efalizumab, EKB-569, elcometrine, enfuvirtide, eplerenone, erlotinib hydrochloride, ertapenem sodium, eszopiclone, everolimus, exatecan mesilate, ezetimibe; Fenretinide, fosamprenavir calcium, frovatriptan; GD2L-KLH conjugate vaccine, gefitinib, glufosfamide, GTI-2040; Hexyl insulin M2, human insulin, hydroquinone, gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium; IL-4(38-37)-PE38KDEL, imatinib mesylate, indisulam, inhaled insulin, ixabepilone; KRN-5500; LY-544344; MDX-210, melatonin, mepolizumab, motexafin gadolinium; Natalizumab, NSC-330507, NSC-683864; 1-Octanol, omalizumab, ortataxel; Pagoclone, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pemetrexed disodium, phenoxodiol, pimecrolimus, plevitrexed, polyphenon E, pramlintide acetate, prasterone, pregabalin, PX-12; QS-21; Ragaglitazar, ranelic acid distrontium salt, RDP-58, recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide, repinotan hydrochloride, rhEndostatin, rh-Lactoferrin, (R)-roscovitine; S-8184, semaxanib, sitafloxacin hydrate, sitaxsentan sodium, sorafenib, synthadotin; Tadalafil, tesmilifene hydrochloride, theratope, tipifarnib, tirapazamine, topixantrone hydrochloride, trabectedin, traxoprodil, Tri-Luma; Valdecoxib, valganciclovir hydrochloride, vinflunine; Ximelagatran; Ziconotide. |
| 332 | 15080873 | Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mediates many of the actions of GH, but has proved to be of more use as a growth reporter/selection marker in pigs, than as a viable treatment. |
| 333 | 15080873 | Leptin, adiponectin and myostatin were discovered through the study of genetically obese, or double-muscled animals. |
| 334 | 15071612 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: Activated protein C concentrate, Ad-CD154, Adeno-Interferon gamma, alemtuzumab, APC-8024, 9-aminocamptothecin, aprepitant, l-arginine hydrochloride, aripiprazole, arsenic trioxide, asimadoline; O6-Benzylguanine, bevacizumab, Bi-20, binodenoson, biphasic insulin aspart, bivatuzumab, 186Re-bivatuzumab, BMS-181176, bosentan, botulinum toxin type B, BQ-123, bryostatin 1; Carboxy- amidotriazole, caspofungin acetate, CB-1954, CC-4047, CDP-860, cerivastatin sodium, clevidipine, CTL-102; 3,4-DAP, darbepoetin alfa, decitabine, desloratadine, DHA-paclitaxel, duloxetine hydrochloride; Efalizumab, EGF vaccine, eletriptan, eniluracil, ENMD-0997, eplerenone, eplivanserin, erlosamide, ertapenem sodium, escitalopram oxalate, esomeprazole magnesium, eszopiclone, everolimus, exatecan mesilate, exenatide, ezetimibe; Fondaparinux sodium, FR-901228, FTY-720; Gefitinib, gemtuzumab ozogamicin, gepirone hydrochloride; Hexyl insulin M2, human insulin; Imatinib mesylate, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, iodine (I131) tositumomab, ISV-205, ivabradine hydrochloride, ixabepilone; Levetiracetam, levocetirizine, linezolid, liposomal NDDP, lonafarnib, lopinavir, LY-156735; Mafosfamide cyclohexylamine salt, magnesium sulfate, maxacalcitol, meclinertant, melagatran, melatonin, MENT, mepolizumab, micafungin sodium, midostaurin, motexafin gadolinium; Nesiritide, NS-1209, NSC-601316, NSC-683864; Osanetant; Palonosetron hydrochloride, parecoxib sodium, pegaptanib sodium, peginterferon alfa-2a, peginterferon alfa-2b, pegylated OB protein, pemetrexed disodium, perillyl alcohol, picoplatin, pimecrolimus, pixantrone maleate, plevitrexed, polyglutamate paclitaxel, posurdex, pramlintide acetate, prasterone, pregabalin; Rasburicase, rimonabant hydrochloride, rostaporfin, rosuvastatin calcium; SDZ-SID-791, sibrotuzumab, sorafenib, SU-11248; Tadalafil, targinine, tegaserod maleate, telithromycin, TheraCIM, tigecycline, tiotropium bromide, tipifarnib, tirapazamine, treprostinil sodium; Valdecoxib, Valganciclovir hydrochloride, Vardenafil hydrochloride hydrate; Ximelagatran; Zofenopril calcium, Zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 335 | 14736731 | Although a significant inverse correlation between fasting plasma ghrelin and fasting insulin levels were found, iv glucose and insulin administration did not significantly alter ghrelin levels. |
| 336 | 14688338 | Third, the application of cholera toxin to the intact skin of NOD/Lt mice, with or without insulin B peptide 9-23, exacerbated insulitis and T lymphocyte-derived IFN-gamma and IL-4 production in the islets of Langerhans, resulting in an increased incidence and rate of onset of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 337 | 14671684 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 3,4-DAP; Adefovir dipivoxil, ADL-10-0101, alefacept, alemtuzumab, alosetron hydrochloride, ALT-711, aprepitant, atazanavir sulfate, atlizumab, atvogen; Bortezomib; CETP vaccine, clevudine, crofelemer; DAC:GLP-1, darbepoetin alfa, decitabine, drotrecogin alfa (activated), DX-9065a; E-7010, edodekin alfa, emivirine, emtricitabine, entecavir, erlosamide, erlotinib hydrochloride, everolimus, exenatide; Fondaparinux sodium, frovatriptan, fulvestrant; Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, gestodene; Homoharringtonine, human insulin; Imatinib mesylate, indiplon, indium 111 (111In) ibritumomab tiuxetan, inhaled insulin, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, ivabradine hydrochloride; Lanthanum carbonate, lapatinib, LAS-34475, levetiracetam, liraglutide, lumiracoxib; Maxacalcitol, melagatran, micafungin sodium; Natalizumab, NSC-640488; Oblimersen sodium; Parecoxib sodium, PEG-filgrastim, peginterferon alfa-2(a), peginterferon alfa-2b, pexelizumab, pimecrolimus, pleconaril, pramlintide acetate, pregabalin, prucalopride; rAHF-PFM, Ranelic acid distrontium salt, ranolazine, rDNA insulin, recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin, rhGM-CSF, roxifiban acetate, RSD-1235, rubitecan, ruboxistaurin mesilate hydrate; SC-51, squalamine; Tegaserod maleate, telbivudine, tesaglitazar, testosterone gel, tezosentan disodium, tipranavir; Vatalanib succinate; Ximelagatran; Yttrium 90 (90Y) ibritumomab tiuxetan; Zoledronic acid monohydrate. |
| 338 | 14659909 | Using the CFSE assay we were able to measure directly the proliferation of human CD4(+) T cells from healthy donors in response to the type 1 diabetes autoantigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and proinsulin (PI). |
| 339 | 14634087 | The expression of transmembrane ErbB-2 from the whey acidic protein-Her-2 cassette and its up-regulation by insulin and hydrocortisone was verified by in vitro transfection. |
| 340 | 14634087 | When immunized five times with plasmid DNA encoding secErbB-2 and GM-CSF, respectively, approximately 33% of the Her-2 Tg mice rejected a lethal challenge of EL-4/E2 tumor cells, whereas all immunized littermates rejected the tumor. |
| 341 | 14615071 | Epidemiological studies, however, have so far failed to demonstrate any causal relationship between vaccination and autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 342 | 14498768 | Somatomedin-1 binding protein-3: insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein-3, insulin-like growth factor-1 carrier protein. |
| 343 | 14498768 | Somatomedin-1 binding protein-3: insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein-3, insulin-like growth factor-1 carrier protein. |
| 344 | 14498768 | Somatomedin-1 binding protein-3 [insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein-3, SomatoKine] is a recombinant complex of insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) and binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which is the major circulating somatomedin (insulin-like growth factor) binding protein; binding protein-3 regulates the delivery of somatomedin-1 to target tissues. |
| 345 | 14498768 | Somatomedin-1 binding protein-3 [insulin-like growth factor-1 binding protein-3, SomatoKine] is a recombinant complex of insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) and binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which is the major circulating somatomedin (insulin-like growth factor) binding protein; binding protein-3 regulates the delivery of somatomedin-1 to target tissues. |
| 346 | 12974752 | As expected, an added benefit was the much smaller oral antigen dose required to induce CD4+ insulin-B specific regulatory cells that bystander-suppress autoaggressive responses. |
| 347 | 12922093 | An HLA DQ8, CD4+ T-cell clone that recognised a 10mer (C65-A9) peptide from pre-proinsulin was isolated. |
| 348 | 12887108 | The strong associations between poor vitamin D nutrition, particular VDR alleles, and susceptibility to chronic mycobacterial infections, together with evidence that 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 served as a vaccine adjuvant enhancing antibody-mediated immunity, suggest a model wherein high levels of 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3-liganded VDR transcriptional activity may promote the CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cell-mediated and mucosal antibody responses to cutaneous antigens in vivo. |
| 349 | 12887108 | Studies done in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and transplantation support a model wherein the 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 may augment the function of suppressor T cells that maintain self tolerance to organ-specific self antigens. |
| 350 | 12817032 | NOD recipient mice immunized with pDNA encoding a glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)-IgFc fusion protein (JwGAD65), IL-4 (JwIL4), and IL-10 (pIL10) exhibited an increased number of intact pro-islets expressing high levels of insulin 15 wk posttransplant, relative to NOD recipient mice immunized with pDNA encoding a hen egg lysozyme (HEL)-IgFc fusion protein (JwHEL)+JwIL4 and pIL10 or left untreated. |
| 351 | 12817032 | Efficient protection of pro-islet grafts correlated with a marked reduction in GAD65-specific IFN-gamma reactivity and an increase in IL-10-secreting T cells. |
| 352 | 12731460 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: AAV-CF, adalimumab, ademetionine, afeletecan hydrochloride, agomelatine, alemtuzumab, almotriptan, amdoxovir, aplidine, aranose, arsenic sulfide, atazanavir, atlizumab; Bimatoprost, BMS-181176, BMS-188667, bortezomib, bryostatin 1; Combretastatin A-4 phosphate; Darbepoetin alfa, darusentan, deferasirox, desloratadine, DTaP-HBV-IPV/Hib-vaccine, DTI-0009; Eculizumab, edodekin alfa, emtricitabine, enfuvirtide, epoetin, esomeprazole magnesium etoricoxib; Fampridine, fenretinide, FR-146687; Galiximab, gamma-Hydroxybutyrate sodium, ganirelix acetate, gefitinib, Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, gimatecan; HEA125xOKT3, hIL-13-PE38QQR, HSV-2 theracine, Hu14.18-IL-2, human gammaglobulin; Idraparinux sodium, imatinib mesylate, IMiD3, insulin detemir, interleukin-4, irofulven, ISAtx-247; JT-1001; Levetiracetam, levosimendan, liposomal doxorubicin, liposomal vincristine sulfate, lixivaptan, lopinavir, lumiracoxib; Maxacalcitol, melatonin, midostaurin, MLN-518; Neridronic acid, nesiritide, nitronaproxen; Oblimersen sodium, oregovomab; PEG-filgrastim polyglutamate paclitaxel, prasterone, pregabalin; Rosuvastatin calcium, rotigotine hydrochloride; SGN-30; T-1249, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, tiotropium bromide, tipranavir, TMC-114, trabectedin, transdermal selegiline; UK-427857; Valdecoxib, valganciclovir hydrochloride, vardenafil, vatalanib succinate, vincristine sulfate TCS; Zofenopril calcium. |
| 353 | 12690708 | This issue focuses on the following selection of drugs: 81C6; Adefovir dipivoxil, Agalsidase alfa, AGM-1470, albumin interferon alfa, alefacept, alosetron hydrochloride, anakinra, anti-CTLA-4 Mab, aprepitant, aripiprazole, atazanavir; BAY-43-9006, BBR-3438, beta-L-Fd4C, bimatoprost, bortezomib, bosentanBR96-doxorubicin; Caspofungin acetate, ciclesonide, cilengitide, cilomilast, COL-1621, COL-3, CpG-7909, cyclosporine; DCVax-Brain, dexmethylphenidate hydrochloride, dexosome vaccine (melanoma), donepezil hydrochloride, drotrecogin alfa (activated), DTI-015, [99Tc]-DTPA-mannosyldextran, duloxetine hydrochloride; Emivirine, emtricitabine, entecavir, epothilone B, estradiol-MNP, etonogestrel/etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol, etoricoxib; Febuxostat, fondaparinux sodium, fosamprenavir calcium; Gefitinib, GVS-111; Heparinase I, HspE7, human alpha-glucosidase, human insulin; Imatinib mesylate, INGN-241, interferon alfa B/D hybrid, interferon alfa Biphasix, ISIS-14803; Lanicemine hydrochloride, 1311-lipiodol, liposome-encapsulated mitoxantrone, lixivaptan, lumiracoxib, lupus-AHP, LY-466700; Marimastat, MEN-10755, micafungin sodium; Nitronaproxen, NSC-683864 Omalizumab, oral insulin; Palonosetron hydrochloride, peginterferon alfa-2a, pimecrolimus, pralnacasan, pramlintide acetate, pregabalin, pyrazoloacridine; R-165335, ranolazine, risperidone, RPR-109881;, RSD-1235, Satraplatin, seocalcitol, sertindole, SMART anti-interferon gamma antibody, sulfasalazine; T-138067, TAK-013, tegaserod maleate, telithromycin, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, teriparatide, tiotropium bromide, tipifarnib, TP-38; Valdecoxib, vatalanib succinate, voriconazole; ZD-9331. |
| 354 | 12672406 | To address this, antibody titer and subclass to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, IA-2, and IA-2beta proteins were measured by radiobinding assays in untreated or immunized female nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 355 | 12672406 | To address this, antibody titer and subclass to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, IA-2, and IA-2beta proteins were measured by radiobinding assays in untreated or immunized female nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 356 | 12672406 | To address this, antibody titer and subclass to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, IA-2, and IA-2beta proteins were measured by radiobinding assays in untreated or immunized female nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 357 | 12672406 | Untreated nonobese diabetic mice developed autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), but not GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta, and IAA-positive mice had increased diabetes risk (P < 0.001). |
| 358 | 12672406 | Untreated nonobese diabetic mice developed autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), but not GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta, and IAA-positive mice had increased diabetes risk (P < 0.001). |
| 359 | 12672406 | Untreated nonobese diabetic mice developed autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), but not GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta, and IAA-positive mice had increased diabetes risk (P < 0.001). |
| 360 | 12672406 | In immunized mice, IgG1 and lesser IgG2b insulin antibodies were promoted by subcutaneous injection of insulin plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, insulin plus Montanide ISA 720, and glucagon plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, but not by incomplete Freund's adjuvant plus GAD65, IA-2beta, or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, or adjuvant alone. |
| 361 | 12672406 | In immunized mice, IgG1 and lesser IgG2b insulin antibodies were promoted by subcutaneous injection of insulin plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, insulin plus Montanide ISA 720, and glucagon plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, but not by incomplete Freund's adjuvant plus GAD65, IA-2beta, or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, or adjuvant alone. |
| 362 | 12672406 | In immunized mice, IgG1 and lesser IgG2b insulin antibodies were promoted by subcutaneous injection of insulin plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, insulin plus Montanide ISA 720, and glucagon plus incomplete Freund's adjuvant, but not by incomplete Freund's adjuvant plus GAD65, IA-2beta, or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, or adjuvant alone. |
| 363 | 12672406 | Spreading of antibody responses to GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta following immunization was rare, and antibody epitope spreading was only detected in IA-2beta immunized mice. |
| 364 | 12672406 | Spreading of antibody responses to GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta following immunization was rare, and antibody epitope spreading was only detected in IA-2beta immunized mice. |
| 365 | 12672406 | Spreading of antibody responses to GAD or IA-2/IA-2beta following immunization was rare, and antibody epitope spreading was only detected in IA-2beta immunized mice. |
| 366 | 12482192 | Clustering of cases of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) occurring three years after hemophilus influenza B (HiB) immunization support causal relationship between immunization and IDDM. |
| 367 | 12421990 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes as a consequence of an autoimmune process that can be inhibited by immunotherapy with the 60-kDa heat shock protein (hsp60), with its mycobacterial counterpart 65-kDa (hsp65), or with other Ags such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 368 | 12421990 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes as a consequence of an autoimmune process that can be inhibited by immunotherapy with the 60-kDa heat shock protein (hsp60), with its mycobacterial counterpart 65-kDa (hsp65), or with other Ags such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 369 | 12421990 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop diabetes as a consequence of an autoimmune process that can be inhibited by immunotherapy with the 60-kDa heat shock protein (hsp60), with its mycobacterial counterpart 65-kDa (hsp65), or with other Ags such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 370 | 12421990 | Vaccination with phsp60 modulated the T cell responses to hsp60 and also to the GAD and insulin autoantigens; T cell proliferative responses were significantly reduced, and the pattern of cytokine secretion to hsp60, GAD, and insulin showed an increase in IL-10 and IL-5 secretion and a decrease in IFN-gamma secretion, compatible with a shift from a Th1-like toward a Th2-like autoimmune response. |
| 371 | 12421990 | Vaccination with phsp60 modulated the T cell responses to hsp60 and also to the GAD and insulin autoantigens; T cell proliferative responses were significantly reduced, and the pattern of cytokine secretion to hsp60, GAD, and insulin showed an increase in IL-10 and IL-5 secretion and a decrease in IFN-gamma secretion, compatible with a shift from a Th1-like toward a Th2-like autoimmune response. |
| 372 | 12421990 | Vaccination with phsp60 modulated the T cell responses to hsp60 and also to the GAD and insulin autoantigens; T cell proliferative responses were significantly reduced, and the pattern of cytokine secretion to hsp60, GAD, and insulin showed an increase in IL-10 and IL-5 secretion and a decrease in IFN-gamma secretion, compatible with a shift from a Th1-like toward a Th2-like autoimmune response. |
| 373 | 12421990 | Our results extend the role of specific hsp60 immunomodulation in the control of beta cell autoimmunity and demonstrate that immunoregulatory networks activated by specific phsp60 vaccination can spread to other Ags targeted during the progression of diabetes, like insulin and GAD. |
| 374 | 12421990 | Our results extend the role of specific hsp60 immunomodulation in the control of beta cell autoimmunity and demonstrate that immunoregulatory networks activated by specific phsp60 vaccination can spread to other Ags targeted during the progression of diabetes, like insulin and GAD. |
| 375 | 12421990 | Our results extend the role of specific hsp60 immunomodulation in the control of beta cell autoimmunity and demonstrate that immunoregulatory networks activated by specific phsp60 vaccination can spread to other Ags targeted during the progression of diabetes, like insulin and GAD. |
| 376 | 12401715 | Diabetes was characterized by diffuse CD4(+)CD8(+) T-cell infiltration of pancreatic islets and severe insulin deficiency, and ppIns, proinsulin, and insulin DNA were equally effective for disease induction. |
| 377 | 12021080 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease. |
| 378 | 12002916 | The analysis of peri-tumor necrosis following the subcutaneous implantation of autologous tumor cells transfected with an episome transcribing an antisense insulin-like growth factor 1 RNA in a glioblastoma multiforme subject. |
| 379 | 12002916 | The analysis of peri-tumor necrosis following the subcutaneous implantation of autologous tumor cells transfected with an episome transcribing an antisense insulin-like growth factor 1 RNA in a glioblastoma multiforme subject. |
| 380 | 12002916 | A subject inflicted with glioblastoma multiforme who received partial tumor resection and radiotherapy was recruited for an ex vivo gene therapy protocol using irradiated autologous tumor cells that had been engineered to suppress the expression of insulin-like growth factor I as the tumor vaccine. |
| 381 | 12002916 | A subject inflicted with glioblastoma multiforme who received partial tumor resection and radiotherapy was recruited for an ex vivo gene therapy protocol using irradiated autologous tumor cells that had been engineered to suppress the expression of insulin-like growth factor I as the tumor vaccine. |
| 382 | 12002916 | The infiltrated lymphocytes consisted of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 383 | 12002916 | The infiltrated lymphocytes consisted of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 384 | 11735306 | Vaccines and the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM): potential mechanism of action. |
| 385 | 11694268 | HIV-SUgp120 (HIV-surface glycoprotein), T-cell receptor (TCR)-CD4+ and co-receptors promote aggregation of these lipid "rafts" which concentrate the Src family tyrosine kinases SFKs (PTK, Lyn, Fyn, Lck), GPI (glycosyl phosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins, and phosphatidylinositol kinases PI(3)K and PI(4)K, inducing cell signalling. |
| 386 | 11694268 | Lipodystrophy (LD), consists of peripheral lipoatrophy associated with central fat accumulation (called "crixbelly" and "buffalo hump"), insulin resistance, elevation of very low density lipoproteins, decrease in high density lipoproteins and inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. |
| 387 | 11473034 | Characterization of preparations of GAD65, proinsulin, and the islet tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 for use in detection of autoreactive T-cells in type 1 diabetes: report of phase II of the Second International Immunology of Diabetes Society Workshop for Standardization of T-cell assays in type 1 diabetes. |
| 388 | 11473034 | Characterization of preparations of GAD65, proinsulin, and the islet tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 for use in detection of autoreactive T-cells in type 1 diabetes: report of phase II of the Second International Immunology of Diabetes Society Workshop for Standardization of T-cell assays in type 1 diabetes. |
| 389 | 11473034 | The identification, quantification, and characterization of T-cells reactive with the islet autoantigens GAD65, proinsulin (PI), and tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules IA-2 and phogrin are major research goals in type 1 diabetes. |
| 390 | 11473034 | The identification, quantification, and characterization of T-cells reactive with the islet autoantigens GAD65, proinsulin (PI), and tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules IA-2 and phogrin are major research goals in type 1 diabetes. |
| 391 | 11473034 | Through this process, we have been able to identify preparations of GAD65 and IA-2, generated in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system, that stimulate relevant clones and display low inhibitory effects on third-party antigens. |
| 392 | 11473034 | Through this process, we have been able to identify preparations of GAD65 and IA-2, generated in insect cells using the baculovirus expression system, that stimulate relevant clones and display low inhibitory effects on third-party antigens. |
| 393 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 394 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 395 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 396 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 397 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 398 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 399 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 400 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 401 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 402 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 403 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 404 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 405 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 406 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 407 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 408 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 409 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 410 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 411 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 412 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 413 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 414 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 415 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 416 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 417 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 418 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 419 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 420 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 421 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 422 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 423 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 424 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 425 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 426 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 427 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 428 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 429 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 430 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 431 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 432 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 433 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 434 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 435 | 11313020 | Several immunization methods based on administration of autoantigenic polypeptides such as insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been used to prevent autoimmune diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. |
| 436 | 11160264 | In this study, we have investigated the use of plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccination to elicit Th2 effector cell function in an Ag-specific manner and in turn prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. pDNA recombinants were engineered encoding a secreted fusion protein consisting of a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) linked to IgGFc, and IL-4. |
| 437 | 11160264 | Intramuscular injection of pDNA encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4 effectively prevented diabetes in NOD mice treated at early or late preclinical stages of IDDM. |
| 438 | 11160264 | This protection was GAD65-specific since NOD mice immunized with pDNA encoding hen egg lysozyme-IgGFc and IL-4 continued to develop diabetes. |
| 439 | 11160264 | Importantly, GAD65-specific immune deviation was dependent on pDNA-encoded IL-4. |
| 440 | 11160264 | In fact, GAD65-specific Th1 cell reactivity was significantly enhanced in animals immunized with pDNA encoding only GAD65-IgGFc. |
| 441 | 11145720 | Numerous immunostimulatory protocols inhibit the development of T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 442 | 11145720 | Many of these protocols, including treatment with the nonspecific immunostimulatory agents CFA or bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, have been reported to mediate protection by skewing the pattern of cytokines produced by pancreatic beta-cell autoreactive T cells from a Th1 (IFN-gamma) to a Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) profile. |
| 443 | 11145720 | To partially address this issue we produced NOD mice genetically deficient in IFN-gamma, IL-4, or IL-10. |
| 444 | 11145720 | Additional experiments using these mice confirmed that CFA- or BCG-elicited diabetes protection is associated with a decreased IFN-gamma to IL-4 mRNA ratio within T cell-infiltrated pancreatic islets, but this is a secondary consequence rather than the cause of disease resistance. |
| 445 | 11145720 | Unexpectedly, we also found that the ability of BCG and, to a lesser extent, CFA to inhibit IDDM development in standard NOD mice is actually dependent upon the presence of the Th1 cytokine, IFN-gamma. |
| 446 | 11086048 | Moreover, both the pcDNA3 vector and the CpG oligonucleotide induced specific Abs, primarily of the IgG2b isotype, to HSP60 and p277, and not to other islet Ags (glutamic acid decarboxylase or insulin) or to an unrelated recombinant Ag expressed in bacteria (GST). |
| 447 | 11024120 | Hybrid proteins consisting of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) or the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) linked to the extracellular (carboxyl) terminus of the MV-Edm attachment protein hemagglutinin (H) were produced. |
| 448 | 11024120 | The standard H protein gene was replaced by one coding for H/EGF or H/IGF1 in cDNA copies of the MV genome. |
| 449 | 11024120 | MV displaying EGF or IGF1 efficiently entered CD46-negative rodent cells expressing the human EGF or the IGF1 receptor, respectively, and the EGF virus caused extensive syncytium formation and cell death. |
| 450 | 10912505 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice through the destruction of the B cells in pancreatic Langerhans islets by islet autoantigen-specific T cells. |
| 451 | 10912505 | The islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is thought to be a major target autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 452 | 10820246 | These bovine insulin-primed CTL displayed a type 0 CTL phenotype, producing IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, low levels of IFN-gamma, but no TNF-alpha. |
| 453 | 10820246 | These bovine insulin-primed CTL displayed a type 0 CTL phenotype, producing IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, low levels of IFN-gamma, but no TNF-alpha. |
| 454 | 10820246 | These bovine insulin-primed CTL displayed a type 0 CTL phenotype, producing IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, low levels of IFN-gamma, but no TNF-alpha. |
| 455 | 10820246 | By contrast, CTL generated from C57BL/6 mice primed with OVA in CFA produced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but no IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10 and therefore were classified as type 1 CTL. |
| 456 | 10820246 | By contrast, CTL generated from C57BL/6 mice primed with OVA in CFA produced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but no IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10 and therefore were classified as type 1 CTL. |
| 457 | 10820246 | By contrast, CTL generated from C57BL/6 mice primed with OVA in CFA produced IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha but no IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10 and therefore were classified as type 1 CTL. |
| 458 | 10820246 | Although both types of CTL express many of the same cell-surface Ags, OVA-specific CTL but not bovine insulin-primed CTL expressed CT-1, a carbohydrate epitope of CD45, and bovine insulin-primed CTL but not OVA-specific CTL expressed Fas constitutively. |
| 459 | 10820246 | Although both types of CTL express many of the same cell-surface Ags, OVA-specific CTL but not bovine insulin-primed CTL expressed CT-1, a carbohydrate epitope of CD45, and bovine insulin-primed CTL but not OVA-specific CTL expressed Fas constitutively. |
| 460 | 10820246 | Although both types of CTL express many of the same cell-surface Ags, OVA-specific CTL but not bovine insulin-primed CTL expressed CT-1, a carbohydrate epitope of CD45, and bovine insulin-primed CTL but not OVA-specific CTL expressed Fas constitutively. |
| 461 | 10820246 | Neither endogenous IL-4 nor the dose of priming Ag altered the CTL phenotypes, but the antigenic peptides of OVA and bovine insulin were key to determining the differentiation of either type 1 or type 0 CTL. |
| 462 | 10820246 | Neither endogenous IL-4 nor the dose of priming Ag altered the CTL phenotypes, but the antigenic peptides of OVA and bovine insulin were key to determining the differentiation of either type 1 or type 0 CTL. |
| 463 | 10820246 | Neither endogenous IL-4 nor the dose of priming Ag altered the CTL phenotypes, but the antigenic peptides of OVA and bovine insulin were key to determining the differentiation of either type 1 or type 0 CTL. |
| 464 | 10766352 | Enhancement of immunogenicity of tumor cells by cotransfection with genes encoding antisense insulin-like growth factor-1 and B7.1 molecules. |
| 465 | 10766352 | Enhancement of immunogenicity of tumor cells by cotransfection with genes encoding antisense insulin-like growth factor-1 and B7.1 molecules. |
| 466 | 10766352 | Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is expressed in many tumor cell lines and has a role in both normal cell proliferation and in the growth of cancers. |
| 467 | 10766352 | Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is expressed in many tumor cell lines and has a role in both normal cell proliferation and in the growth of cancers. |
| 468 | 10506661 | Osteopontin is an autoantigen of the somatostatin cells in human islets: identification by screening random peptide libraries with sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 469 | 10506661 | The CH1p mimotope was detected in somatostatin cells of human islets and experimentally raised anti-osteopontin antibodies or human sera positive for the phagotope, detected a similar subpopulation of islet cells. |
| 470 | 10411548 | Mice expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a transgene in their beta cells develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only after LCMV infection. |
| 471 | 10411548 | Mice expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a transgene in their beta cells develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only after LCMV infection. |
| 472 | 10411548 | Mice expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a transgene in their beta cells develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only after LCMV infection. |
| 473 | 10411548 | Inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding the insulin B chain reduced the incidence of IDDM by 50% in this model. |
| 474 | 10411548 | Inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding the insulin B chain reduced the incidence of IDDM by 50% in this model. |
| 475 | 10411548 | Inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding the insulin B chain reduced the incidence of IDDM by 50% in this model. |
| 476 | 10411548 | The insulin B-chain DNA vaccination was effective through induction of regulatory CD4 lymphocytes that react with the insulin B chain, secrete IL-4, and locally reduce activity of LCMV-NP-autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pancreatic draining lymph node. |
| 477 | 10411548 | The insulin B-chain DNA vaccination was effective through induction of regulatory CD4 lymphocytes that react with the insulin B chain, secrete IL-4, and locally reduce activity of LCMV-NP-autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pancreatic draining lymph node. |
| 478 | 10411548 | The insulin B-chain DNA vaccination was effective through induction of regulatory CD4 lymphocytes that react with the insulin B chain, secrete IL-4, and locally reduce activity of LCMV-NP-autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pancreatic draining lymph node. |
| 479 | 10403922 | The aim was to evaluate the level of responsiveness in two neighbouring countries with different poliovirus immunization practices and striking differences in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a disease in which early enterovirus infections are an aetiological risk factor. |
| 480 | 10335520 | The most active area of current investigation is the development of drugs which will inhibit the progression of the disease process itself, and in this category the beta- and alpha-interferons are the most effective drugs currently available, although many new treatments are currently in trials, including immunoglobulin, copolymer-1. bovine myelin, T-cell receptor (TCR) peptide vaccines, platelet activating factor (PAF) antagonists, matrix metallo-proteinase inhibitors, campath-1, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF). |
| 481 | 10330294 | To evaluate the potential of this approach for treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have designed a cyclic peptide vaccine, DiavaX, from the third hypervariable region of the beta-chain of the NOD mouse MHC class II I-Ag7. |
| 482 | 9878081 | Since autoimmune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are up-regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in this study GAD67-specific antibody, T cell proliferation and lymphokine production patterns were analysed in the adjuvant-treated mice to characterize the regulatory mechanisms underlying the protection. |
| 483 | 9878081 | Upon in vitro stimulation with GAD67, draining lymph node and spleen cells from CFA-immunized NOD mice or syngeneic islet-grafted and BCG-protected NOD mice produced much more IL-4, whereas there was no significant change in IFN-gamma production. |
| 484 | 9645990 | Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses with special reference to their potential role in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 485 | 9545516 | Glycophosphatidyl inositol membrane anchors of parasite proteins possess insulin like activity and induce TNF synthesis. |
| 486 | 9218754 | BCG vaccination prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice after disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide. |
| 487 | 9218754 | BCG vaccination prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice after disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide. |
| 488 | 9218754 | We have previously shown that immunotherapy with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or BCG is highly effective in the prevention of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in circumventing the rejection of syngeneic islet grafts in diabetic NOD mice. |
| 489 | 9218754 | We have previously shown that immunotherapy with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or BCG is highly effective in the prevention of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in circumventing the rejection of syngeneic islet grafts in diabetic NOD mice. |
| 490 | 9218754 | The comprehensive effect of BCG vaccination on cytokine production in Cy-treated mice was to increase IL-4 production and change the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio in both serum and supernatant of spleen cell cultures. |
| 491 | 9218754 | The comprehensive effect of BCG vaccination on cytokine production in Cy-treated mice was to increase IL-4 production and change the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio in both serum and supernatant of spleen cell cultures. |
| 492 | 9218754 | We found that BCG-induced protection was associated with increased splenic CD4+CD45 RB(high) T cells. |
| 493 | 9218754 | We found that BCG-induced protection was associated with increased splenic CD4+CD45 RB(high) T cells. |
| 494 | 9179526 | Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the consequence of a chronic cell-mediated immune attack upon the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 495 | 9179526 | Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the consequence of a chronic cell-mediated immune attack upon the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 496 | 9179526 | The most useful autoantibodies for prediabetes screening include islet cell autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and IA-2 autoantibodies. |
| 497 | 9179526 | The most useful autoantibodies for prediabetes screening include islet cell autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and IA-2 autoantibodies. |
| 498 | 9114038 | Furthermore, adoptive co-transfer experiments involving injection of Thy-1,2 recipients with diabetogenic T cells from syngeneic mice and T cells from congenic Thy-1,1 mice fed with CTB-insulin demonstrated a selective recruitment of Thy-1,1 donor cells in the peripancreatic lymph nodes concomitant with reduced islet cell infiltration. |
| 499 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 500 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 501 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 502 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 503 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 504 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 505 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 506 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 507 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 508 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 509 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 510 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 511 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 512 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 513 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 514 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 515 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 516 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 517 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 518 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 519 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 520 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 521 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 522 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 523 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 524 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 525 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 526 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 527 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 528 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 529 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 530 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 531 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 532 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 533 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 534 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 535 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 536 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 537 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 538 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 539 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 540 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 541 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 542 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 543 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 544 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 545 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 546 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 547 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 548 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 549 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 550 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 551 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 552 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 553 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 554 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 555 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 556 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 557 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 558 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 559 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 560 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 561 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 562 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 563 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 564 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 565 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 566 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 567 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 568 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 569 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 570 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 571 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 572 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 573 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 574 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 575 | 8864825 | Most female NOD mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after the 4th month of age. |
| 576 | 8864825 | Flow cytometry was used to compare M. avium-infected, HK M. avium inoculated and untreated NOD and NON mice with regard to subpopulations of splenic lymphocytes bearing the surface antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, IgM and B220. |
| 577 | 8840096 | The study aimed to evaluate the immune response to a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in view of reports of reduced efficacy in adults with IDDM. |
| 578 | 8816970 | Interventional approaches that have been successful in delaying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using antigen-based immunotherapies include parenteral immunization. |
| 579 | 8816970 | Interventional approaches that have been successful in delaying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using antigen-based immunotherapies include parenteral immunization. |
| 580 | 8816970 | Interventional approaches that have been successful in delaying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using antigen-based immunotherapies include parenteral immunization. |
| 581 | 8816970 | We have previously shown that immunization with insulin and insulin B chain but not A chain in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) prevented diabetes by reducing IFN-gamma mRNA in the insulitis lesions. |
| 582 | 8816970 | We have previously shown that immunization with insulin and insulin B chain but not A chain in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) prevented diabetes by reducing IFN-gamma mRNA in the insulitis lesions. |
| 583 | 8816970 | We have previously shown that immunization with insulin and insulin B chain but not A chain in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) prevented diabetes by reducing IFN-gamma mRNA in the insulitis lesions. |
| 584 | 8816970 | When Diphtheria-Tetanus toxoid-Acellular Pertussis (DTP) vaccine was used as the adjuvant vehicle, DTP itself induced significant protection (P < 0.003) which was associated with a Th2-like cytokine producing insulitis profile, IL-4 driven IgG1 antibody responses to insulin, GAD in the periphery and an augmentation of the autoimmune response to GAD. |
| 585 | 8816970 | When Diphtheria-Tetanus toxoid-Acellular Pertussis (DTP) vaccine was used as the adjuvant vehicle, DTP itself induced significant protection (P < 0.003) which was associated with a Th2-like cytokine producing insulitis profile, IL-4 driven IgG1 antibody responses to insulin, GAD in the periphery and an augmentation of the autoimmune response to GAD. |
| 586 | 8816970 | When Diphtheria-Tetanus toxoid-Acellular Pertussis (DTP) vaccine was used as the adjuvant vehicle, DTP itself induced significant protection (P < 0.003) which was associated with a Th2-like cytokine producing insulitis profile, IL-4 driven IgG1 antibody responses to insulin, GAD in the periphery and an augmentation of the autoimmune response to GAD. |
| 587 | 8775551 | Twenty-four patients with moderately controlled insulin dependent diabetes with a duration of diabetes ranging from 2 to 10 years as well as 17 control subjects were vaccinated against hepatitis B virus using Gen Hevac B vaccine. |
| 588 | 8775551 | In diabetic patients the most striking feature was the reduced CD4/CD8 ratio which was significantly lower (P < 0.001) than that of the control group. |
| 589 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 590 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 591 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 592 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 593 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 594 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 595 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 596 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 597 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 598 | 7885081 | Major clinical benefit could be shown with hepatitis B vaccine, insulin, human growth hormone, TPA, erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF, and monoclonal antibodies for immune suppression. |
| 599 | 8288322 | The aim of this study was to investigate whether lymphocyte vaccination can prevent diabetes occurring in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 600 | 1916851 | However, it was possible to adapt them to serum-free media consisting of a basal medium supplemented with insulin, transferrin, ethanolamine, and selenite. |
| 601 | 1954311 | Pertussigen treatment retards, but fails to prevent, the development of type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 602 | 1954311 | Pertussigen treatment retards, but fails to prevent, the development of type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 603 | 1954311 | Current evidence supports an autoimmune etiopathogenesis for Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in which the pancreatic beta (beta) cell is the specific target tissue. |
| 604 | 1954311 | Current evidence supports an autoimmune etiopathogenesis for Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in which the pancreatic beta (beta) cell is the specific target tissue. |
| 605 | 2082566 | Plasma insulin (INS), growth hormone (GH) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were measured by radioimmunoassay; plasma glucose (GLU) by a glucose oxidase method; and red cell insulin binding (%SB) was determined, using A-14 monoiodinated insulin. |
| 606 | 2082566 | Plasma insulin (INS), growth hormone (GH) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) were measured by radioimmunoassay; plasma glucose (GLU) by a glucose oxidase method; and red cell insulin binding (%SB) was determined, using A-14 monoiodinated insulin. |
| 607 | 2082566 | There were no significant differences in the plasma levels of insulin, glucose and interleukin-1, but plasma growth hormone (microU/ml) was increased after DPT, (18.0 +/- 3.0 vs. 11.5 +/- 1.2 (13), p = 0.04). |
| 608 | 2082566 | There were no significant differences in the plasma levels of insulin, glucose and interleukin-1, but plasma growth hormone (microU/ml) was increased after DPT, (18.0 +/- 3.0 vs. 11.5 +/- 1.2 (13), p = 0.04). |
| 609 | 2191074 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are the experimental prototype of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 610 | 1972180 | Nonobese insulin-dependent diabetes (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), characterized by lymphocytic infiltration into the islets of Langerhans and beta cell destruction, resulting in hypoinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and death. |
| 611 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 612 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 613 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 614 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 615 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 616 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 617 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 618 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 619 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 620 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 621 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 622 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 623 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 624 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 625 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 626 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 627 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 628 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 629 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 630 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 631 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 632 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 633 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 634 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 635 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 636 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 637 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 638 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 639 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 640 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 641 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 642 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 643 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 644 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 645 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 646 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 647 | 1367066 | Almost half of them (OKT3, t-PA, and EPO) are produced in mammalian cells, with the remainder produced in bacteria (insulin, growth hormone, and alpha-interferon) or yeast (hepatitis vaccine). |
| 648 | 2573556 | Basal and yellow fever vaccination-induced 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2',5'A) activity was determined in blood mononuclear cells (peripheral blood lymphocytes [PBLs]) from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and matched control subjects. |
| 649 | 2679063 | Recombinant communicator proteins include interferons alfa-2a and alfa-2b and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (immune system modulators); epidermal growth factor and erythropoietin (tissue repair promoters); and human insulin, growth hormone, and atrial peptide (metabolism modulators). |
| 650 | 2679063 | Recombinant structural proteins include hepatitis B virus vaccine and CD4 protein, and recombinant modifier proteins include tissue plasminogen activator and superoxide dismutase (agents that split or splice organic molecules). |
| 651 | 3283232 | The BB rat spontaneously develops an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that closely resembles this disease in man. |
| 652 | 3435605 | Such complex compounds from new biotechnology can be divided into products which might replace compounds which are already on the market by safer recombinant products such as human insulin, human growth hormone, urokinase, factor VIII and products which are new on the market such as interferons, lymphokines, tissue plasminogen activator, oligonucleotide probes, monoclonal antibodies and subunit vaccines. |
| 653 | 2430992 | In vitro studies with human leukocytes from normal subjects incubated with ACTH, insulin, or typhoid vaccine were also performed. |
| 654 | 2430992 | In vitro studies with human leukocytes from normal subjects incubated with ACTH, insulin, or typhoid vaccine were also performed. |
| 655 | 2430992 | In vitro studies with human leukocytes from normal subjects incubated with ACTH, insulin, or typhoid vaccine were also performed. |
| 656 | 2430992 | In vitro studies with human leukocytes from normal subjects incubated with ACTH, insulin, or typhoid vaccine were also performed. |
| 657 | 2430992 | In vitro studies with human leukocytes from normal subjects incubated with ACTH, insulin, or typhoid vaccine were also performed. |
| 658 | 2430992 | Patients with normal pituitary ACTH production had an increase in the number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells 1 h after insulin administration [25 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) to 44 +/- 6% P less than 0.05], and no change after typhoid administration. |
| 659 | 2430992 | Patients with normal pituitary ACTH production had an increase in the number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells 1 h after insulin administration [25 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) to 44 +/- 6% P less than 0.05], and no change after typhoid administration. |
| 660 | 2430992 | Patients with normal pituitary ACTH production had an increase in the number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells 1 h after insulin administration [25 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) to 44 +/- 6% P less than 0.05], and no change after typhoid administration. |
| 661 | 2430992 | Patients with normal pituitary ACTH production had an increase in the number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells 1 h after insulin administration [25 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) to 44 +/- 6% P less than 0.05], and no change after typhoid administration. |
| 662 | 2430992 | Patients with normal pituitary ACTH production had an increase in the number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells 1 h after insulin administration [25 +/- 5% (+/- SEM) to 44 +/- 6% P less than 0.05], and no change after typhoid administration. |
| 663 | 2430992 | ACTH-deficient patients had no change after insulin administration and a significant rise 6 h after typhoid vaccine treatment (24 +/- 12% to 50 +/- 6%; P less than 0.05). |
| 664 | 2430992 | ACTH-deficient patients had no change after insulin administration and a significant rise 6 h after typhoid vaccine treatment (24 +/- 12% to 50 +/- 6%; P less than 0.05). |
| 665 | 2430992 | ACTH-deficient patients had no change after insulin administration and a significant rise 6 h after typhoid vaccine treatment (24 +/- 12% to 50 +/- 6%; P less than 0.05). |
| 666 | 2430992 | ACTH-deficient patients had no change after insulin administration and a significant rise 6 h after typhoid vaccine treatment (24 +/- 12% to 50 +/- 6%; P less than 0.05). |
| 667 | 2430992 | ACTH-deficient patients had no change after insulin administration and a significant rise 6 h after typhoid vaccine treatment (24 +/- 12% to 50 +/- 6%; P less than 0.05). |
| 668 | 2430992 | The number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells did not increase when mononuclear leukocytes were incubated in vitro with ACTH or insulin (with or without glucose deprivation). |
| 669 | 2430992 | The number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells did not increase when mononuclear leukocytes were incubated in vitro with ACTH or insulin (with or without glucose deprivation). |
| 670 | 2430992 | The number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells did not increase when mononuclear leukocytes were incubated in vitro with ACTH or insulin (with or without glucose deprivation). |
| 671 | 2430992 | The number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells did not increase when mononuclear leukocytes were incubated in vitro with ACTH or insulin (with or without glucose deprivation). |
| 672 | 2430992 | The number of ACTH immunofluorescence-positive cells did not increase when mononuclear leukocytes were incubated in vitro with ACTH or insulin (with or without glucose deprivation). |
| 673 | 2430992 | These data suggest that the number of human mononuclear leukocytes containing immunoreactive ACTH is increased by at least 2 stimuli: 1) a central factor(s), such as CRH, accounting for the in vivo rise 1 h after insulin administration in patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and 2) an interferon inducer (e.g. typhoid antigen), accounting for the typhoid antigen-induced rise in the number of ACTH-positive cells in vivo in ACTH-deficient patients and in vitro. |
| 674 | 2430992 | These data suggest that the number of human mononuclear leukocytes containing immunoreactive ACTH is increased by at least 2 stimuli: 1) a central factor(s), such as CRH, accounting for the in vivo rise 1 h after insulin administration in patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and 2) an interferon inducer (e.g. typhoid antigen), accounting for the typhoid antigen-induced rise in the number of ACTH-positive cells in vivo in ACTH-deficient patients and in vitro. |
| 675 | 2430992 | These data suggest that the number of human mononuclear leukocytes containing immunoreactive ACTH is increased by at least 2 stimuli: 1) a central factor(s), such as CRH, accounting for the in vivo rise 1 h after insulin administration in patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and 2) an interferon inducer (e.g. typhoid antigen), accounting for the typhoid antigen-induced rise in the number of ACTH-positive cells in vivo in ACTH-deficient patients and in vitro. |
| 676 | 2430992 | These data suggest that the number of human mononuclear leukocytes containing immunoreactive ACTH is increased by at least 2 stimuli: 1) a central factor(s), such as CRH, accounting for the in vivo rise 1 h after insulin administration in patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and 2) an interferon inducer (e.g. typhoid antigen), accounting for the typhoid antigen-induced rise in the number of ACTH-positive cells in vivo in ACTH-deficient patients and in vitro. |
| 677 | 2430992 | These data suggest that the number of human mononuclear leukocytes containing immunoreactive ACTH is increased by at least 2 stimuli: 1) a central factor(s), such as CRH, accounting for the in vivo rise 1 h after insulin administration in patients with an intact hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and 2) an interferon inducer (e.g. typhoid antigen), accounting for the typhoid antigen-induced rise in the number of ACTH-positive cells in vivo in ACTH-deficient patients and in vitro. |
| 678 | 2427378 | The immunogenicity of several small monomeric protein antigens - lysozyme, myoglobin, cytochrome c and insulin - has been intensely studied during the past decade to try to learn the rules of the game. |
| 679 | 2996865 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 680 | 3897183 | Insulin, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor were required for DBS-FRhL-2 cell proliferation in serum-free medium but were inhibitory for virus propagation. |
| 681 | 6350297 | The protein toxin present in Bordetella pertussis vaccine blocks the inhibition of adenylate cyclase by prostaglandins and adenosine which may be secondary to ADP-ribosylation of an inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding protein. |
| 682 | 6350297 | These data indicate that pertussis toxin selectively interferes with inhibition of cyclic AMP accumulation in rat adipocytes by adenosine, potentiates the increases in cyclic AMP due to catecholamines, increases the stimulatory effects of insulin on adipocyte metabolism, and interferes with alpha 1-catecholamine stimulation of phosphatidylinositol turnover. |
| 683 | 6754301 | Among the diabetic subjects there was no correlation between antibody responses and duration of disease, insulin dose, or concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 684 | 7202857 | The height of antibody response in the diabetic group did not correlate with age, sex, duration of diabetes, insulin dose, concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting or 2-h postprandial glucose concentrations, or the presence of retinopathy. |
| 685 | 376293 | As with pertussis vaccine, pretreatment of rats with IAP was effective in enhancing insulin release from pancreas during perfusion or from islets during incubation in response to secretagogues such as glucose and glibenclamide. |
| 686 | 376293 | As with pertussis vaccine, pretreatment of rats with IAP was effective in enhancing insulin release from pancreas during perfusion or from islets during incubation in response to secretagogues such as glucose and glibenclamide. |
| 687 | 376293 | As with pertussis vaccine, pretreatment of rats with IAP was effective in enhancing insulin release from pancreas during perfusion or from islets during incubation in response to secretagogues such as glucose and glibenclamide. |
| 688 | 376293 | As with pertussis vaccine, pretreatment of rats with IAP was effective in enhancing insulin release from pancreas during perfusion or from islets during incubation in response to secretagogues such as glucose and glibenclamide. |
| 689 | 376293 | The alpha-adrenergic inhibition of insulin secretion induced by epinephrine was also reversed by the pretreatment with IAP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused insulin release due to accumulation of cAMP. |
| 690 | 376293 | The alpha-adrenergic inhibition of insulin secretion induced by epinephrine was also reversed by the pretreatment with IAP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused insulin release due to accumulation of cAMP. |
| 691 | 376293 | The alpha-adrenergic inhibition of insulin secretion induced by epinephrine was also reversed by the pretreatment with IAP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused insulin release due to accumulation of cAMP. |
| 692 | 376293 | The alpha-adrenergic inhibition of insulin secretion induced by epinephrine was also reversed by the pretreatment with IAP. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine caused insulin release due to accumulation of cAMP. |
| 693 | 376293 | This 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced insulin release during perfusion was enhanced in a Ca-containing perfusate, but was conversely reduced in a Ca-free perfusate by the IAP pretreatment. |
| 694 | 376293 | This 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced insulin release during perfusion was enhanced in a Ca-containing perfusate, but was conversely reduced in a Ca-free perfusate by the IAP pretreatment. |
| 695 | 376293 | This 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced insulin release during perfusion was enhanced in a Ca-containing perfusate, but was conversely reduced in a Ca-free perfusate by the IAP pretreatment. |
| 696 | 376293 | This 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine-induced insulin release during perfusion was enhanced in a Ca-containing perfusate, but was conversely reduced in a Ca-free perfusate by the IAP pretreatment. |
| 697 | 376293 | Upon the addition of Ca to the Ca-free perfusate, more insulin was released from pancreases of IAP-treated rats than from those of nontreated rats. |
| 698 | 376293 | Upon the addition of Ca to the Ca-free perfusate, more insulin was released from pancreases of IAP-treated rats than from those of nontreated rats. |
| 699 | 376293 | Upon the addition of Ca to the Ca-free perfusate, more insulin was released from pancreases of IAP-treated rats than from those of nontreated rats. |
| 700 | 376293 | Upon the addition of Ca to the Ca-free perfusate, more insulin was released from pancreases of IAP-treated rats than from those of nontreated rats. |
| 701 | 348542 | Perfusion of the isolated pancreas of the diabetic rats pretreated with IAP showed an increase in insulin response to glucose and loss of suppression of glucagon secretion by noradrenaline. |