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PMID |
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1 |
133010
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B-cell deficiencies such as hypogammaglobulinaemia, have normal PPD and PHA induced LIF production, whilst some patients with ataxia-telangiectasia have defective PPD LIF activity, their PHA LIF activity being only minimally depressed.
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2 |
508607
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As parameters, the total peripheral blood leukocyte and lymphocyte counts, serum immunoglobulin levels, natural ABO blood group antibodies, lymphocyte responses in vitro to PHA and PPD, and skin reactivity against PPD and candidin were followed during a period of 2--36 months.
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3 |
553113
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However, there was a decreased responsiveness to PHA and PPD with continuing treatment with MER-BCG.
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4 |
1069547
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The pretreatment immunoresponsiveness of these 98 patients was suppressed, as measured by the following immunologic parameters: T-cell subpopulation in the peripheral blood, stimulation index of PHA, and skin tests to DNCB, KLH, PPD, and PHA.
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5 |
1203089
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The Authors report the preliminary results of a two-step far-reaching investigation carried out on cancer patients to study: 1) the immune conditions of the patients and establish, by a thorough immune monitoring, employing tests of humoral immunity (tetanus toxoid response), of delayed immunity (BCG test, PHA-lymphocyte blastogenesis, MIF release, skin window) and macrophage immunity (skin window), the chemotherapy effects on the immune conditions and the most suitable time to carry out immunotherapy; 2) the immunotherapeutic results which can be obtained with three different immunogens (BCG, C. parvum and ribonucleotides).
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6 |
2181071
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We examined the kinetics of the in vitro proliferative response to PHA and IL-2 and found that while the response of lymphocytes primed in vivo with IL-2 to PHA was depressed at all times during the 2 week in vitro exposure, the response to IL-2 peaked earlier and higher than did the response to IL-2 by lymphocytes obtained prior to IL-2 therapy.
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7 |
2574188
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The earliest TH defect is the loss of responses to FLU and TET, indicating a selective defect in CD4+ MHC self-restricted TH function.
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8 |
2574188
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The later loss of ALLO and PHA IL-2 responses suggests more severe TH dysfunction involving both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
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9 |
2922891
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Both specific immune responses against BCG itself and nonspecific immune responses such as leukocyte subset distribution, mitogenic (ConA, PHA, LPS) lymphocyte stimulation and spontaneous cytotoxic (NK and LAK cell) activity were determined in the regional draining (iliac) lymph node and in the spleen.
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10 |
2922891
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No differences in mitogenic responses to ConA, PHA and LPS were observed in iliac lymph nodes or the spleen between placebo or BCG treated animals.
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11 |
2922891
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Both specific immune responses against BCG itself and nonspecific immune responses such as leukocyte subset distribution, mitogenic (ConA, PHA, LPS) lymphocyte stimulation and spontaneous cytotoxic (NK and LAK cell) activity were determined in the regional draining (iliac) lymph node and in the spleen.
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12 |
2922891
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No differences in mitogenic responses to ConA, PHA and LPS were observed in iliac lymph nodes or the spleen between placebo or BCG treated animals.
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13 |
3877221
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No correlation was observed with IgA, IgM, PHA stimulation.
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14 |
5523576
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The effect of PHA, PPD, allogeneic cells, and sheep erythrocytes on albumin gradient-fractionated mouse spleen cell populations.
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15 |
6489488
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Activation of lymphocytes by PPD and PHA is promoted by exudate from BCG-induced pleurisy.
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16 |
6489488
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Cell-free pleural exudate (PE) obtained from guinea pigs with BCG-induced pleurisy was tested for influence on in vitro activation of lymphocytes by PHA and PPD.
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17 |
6489488
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Thus, in the presence of PE, lymphocytes derived from the pleural exudate were always activated in vitro by PHA and PPD.
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18 |
6489488
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Activation of lymphocytes by PPD and PHA is promoted by exudate from BCG-induced pleurisy.
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19 |
6489488
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Cell-free pleural exudate (PE) obtained from guinea pigs with BCG-induced pleurisy was tested for influence on in vitro activation of lymphocytes by PHA and PPD.
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20 |
6489488
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Thus, in the presence of PE, lymphocytes derived from the pleural exudate were always activated in vitro by PHA and PPD.
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21 |
6489488
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Activation of lymphocytes by PPD and PHA is promoted by exudate from BCG-induced pleurisy.
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22 |
6489488
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Cell-free pleural exudate (PE) obtained from guinea pigs with BCG-induced pleurisy was tested for influence on in vitro activation of lymphocytes by PHA and PPD.
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23 |
6489488
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Thus, in the presence of PE, lymphocytes derived from the pleural exudate were always activated in vitro by PHA and PPD.
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24 |
6880746
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The addition of PPD or PHA lymphokines to the peritoneal cells from BCG injected mice depressed the chemotactic response, but increased unstimulated migration.
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25 |
6969625
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Among the immune parameters, only in vitro blastogenic responses to PHA and PPD rose significantly in the BCG group compared with the controls.
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26 |
7140874
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Low in vitro response to PPD and PHA in lymphocytes from BCG-induced pleurisy in guinea pigs.
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27 |
7140874
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Pleural lymphocytes sampled on the third post-induction day did not respond to PPD or PHA stimulation.
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28 |
7140874
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Low in vitro response to PPD and PHA in lymphocytes from BCG-induced pleurisy in guinea pigs.
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29 |
7140874
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Pleural lymphocytes sampled on the third post-induction day did not respond to PPD or PHA stimulation.
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30 |
7346040
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Immunological examinations before vaccination showed that the numbers of white blood cells, percentages of lymphocytes, levels of immunoglobulins and responses to skin tests with DNCB, PPD, PHA and varicella antigen were within normal ranges in most of these children.
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31 |
7648281
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Predominantly CD8+ T-cell lines generated from PBMC by nonspecific stimulation with PHA and IL-2 were screened after three to four weeks of culture for cytolytic activity against autologous targets infected with vaccinia vectors encoding envLAI, RT, gag, and lacZ control.
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32 |
8223849
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Number of interleukin-4- and interferon-gamma-secreting human T cells reactive with tetanus toxoid and the mycobacterial antigen PPD or phytohemagglutinin: distinct response profiles depending on the type of antigen used for activation.
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33 |
8223849
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Here we have used this method to determine the number of interleukin-4 (IL-4)- and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells in vitro secondary responses to tetanus toxoid (TT) and the mycobacterial antigen (purified protein derivative; PPD) or the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
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34 |
8223849
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PHA-induced IL-4 and IFN-gamma secretion was well correlated suggesting polyclonal activation of cells.
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35 |
8223849
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This was not the case with the specific antigens, where PPD preferentially induced IFN-gamma- and very few IL-4-producing cells, while TT-induced both IL-4 and IFN-gamma.
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36 |
9449530
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PBMC from healthy donors and IVDU individuals were exposed to PAI, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and to combinations of PAI with either PHA or IL-2.
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37 |
9449530
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When PBMC cultures from the same group of individuals were exposed to PAI, PHA and IL-2, and to the combination of either PAI plus PHA or IL-2, the response observed in the PAI treated group was uniformly lower than in the other treated cultures.
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38 |
9449530
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The effect of PAI on IL-2 activity was negligible.
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39 |
9449530
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PBMC from healthy donors and IVDU individuals were exposed to PAI, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and to combinations of PAI with either PHA or IL-2.
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40 |
9449530
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When PBMC cultures from the same group of individuals were exposed to PAI, PHA and IL-2, and to the combination of either PAI plus PHA or IL-2, the response observed in the PAI treated group was uniformly lower than in the other treated cultures.
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41 |
9449530
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The effect of PAI on IL-2 activity was negligible.
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42 |
10087178
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Antigen-specific and polyclonally induced T cell responses were analyzed in 10 HIV-infected individuals and in 14 controls by enumerating the numbers of tetanus toxoid (TT)-specific and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced IFN-gamma-secreting cells (SC) and IL-4-SC using an enzyme-linked immunospot assay.
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43 |
10087178
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Cell depletion experiments indicated that this difference was related to an impairment of CD4(+) T-cell-mediated TT-specific IFN-gamma secretion.
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44 |
10963811
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The PBMC were cultured for 7 days with birch-pollen extract (BPE) or tetanus toxoid (TT), and then restimulated with PHA and PMA to induce high IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-gamma production.
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45 |
10963811
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Furthermore, both the IT-treated group and the allergic control group had a cytokine profile to BPE significantly more Th2 polarized (high IL-5/IFN-gamma ratio) than to TT (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively).
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46 |
11123296
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IgA(-/-) mice immunized intranasally with soluble hemagglutinin (hemagglutinin subtype 1) and neuraminidase (neuraminidase subtype 1) vaccine in the absence of adjuvant were found to be more susceptible to influenza virus infection than IgA(+/+) mice (13 vs 75% survival after virus challenge).
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47 |
11123296
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Assessment of T cell function revealed markedly depressed splenic lymphoproliferative responses to PHA in IgA(-/-) animals compared with IgA(+/+) mice.
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48 |
12412750
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The first peak seemed to be mitogenically induced, as it was demonstrated in T cell cultures from asymptomatic HBsAg carrier, HB-immune donors as well as HB-susceptible controls and exhibited similar kinetics to that of the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced IL-2 secretion.
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49 |
12563472
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The phenotypic features acquired subsequent to antigen-specific stimulation in vitro were evaluated by means of the kinetic expressions of CD69 and CD25 activation molecules on T lymphocytes and assayed by flow cytometry in response to PPD, Ag85B, and ferritin in PPD-positive healthy control individuals.
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50 |
12563472
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In response to PHA, CD69 staining on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells became initially marked after 4 h, peaked at 24 h, and quickly decreased after 120 h.
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51 |
12563472
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CD69 expression was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) on CD8+ as compared to CD4+ T cells.
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52 |
12563472
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Regarding Ag85B, CD25+ cells were mostly CD4+ instead of CD8+ T cells.
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53 |
12605698
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The cells were stimulated in vitro with recombinant HBsAg and PHA mitogen and concentrations of IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-gamma were quantified in culture supernatants by sandwich ELISA.
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54 |
12605698
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Our results demonstrated significantly increased production of all cytokines, including IL-4 (P < 0.001), IL-10 (P < 0.002) and IFN-gamma (P < 0.01) in responder compared to nonresponder vaccinees.
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55 |
12625405
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The supernatant of the PHA-stimulated SMC culture was also checked in vitro for the presence of suppressive factor(s) produced in response to ARV infection.
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56 |
14700539
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Old dogs had a significantly lower lymphocyte proliferative response and a lower percentage of CD4+ T cells and CD45R+/CD4+ T cells, and a higher percentage of CD8+ T cells and a higher concentration of serum and salivary IgA.
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57 |
14700539
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The most significant differences (P<0.001) occurred in the lymphocyte proliferative responses to ConA and PHA, the CD4:CD8 ratio, and the percentage of CD45R+/CD4+ T cells suggesting that these parameters are potential biomarkers of aging.
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58 |
15364265
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The interferon-gamma induced protein precursor 10 (IP-10) was upregulated 27-fold while the interferon-induced 54 kDa protein exhibited a 13-fold increase.
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59 |
15364265
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With PHA, the genes TNF-R, CTSG, CD3 delta, C8B, CRF1 and CCR2 had higher expression compared with the viral antigen stimulation.
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60 |
15364265
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Neutrophil defensins alpha-1 and two C-C chemokines, proteins MIP-1-beta and MIP-4, were among the genes upregulated by both PHA and influenza antigens.
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61 |
15811646
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Similarly, the same group of mice showed significantly higher lymphoproliferative responses in SMNC against mitogen PHA and FMD virus types O, A(22) and Asia 1 on all DPVs as compared to the group inoculated with vaccine alone.
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62 |
16260072
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Both PHA- and FLU-induced proliferation were reduced in elderly subgroups.
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63 |
16260072
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IL-2 and IFN-gamma levels did not change after vaccination of elderly, regardless of race.
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64 |
16707559
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A decrease in LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), increased PHA-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) release, and similar PHA-induced interferon-gamma production were observed in elderly subjects compared with young volunteers.
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65 |
16707559
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Lower antibody titer to influenza A virus was observed in elderly individuals, and the seroconversion factor was found to be correlated inversely with IL-10 production and correlated directly with TNF-alpha production and to a lesser extent, with the plasma level of DHEA.
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66 |
16714223
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The production of TNF-alpha in supernatants of in vitro stimulated lymphocytes and specific IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies in serum and saliva was determined by ELISA.
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67 |
16714223
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Although no significant changes in the levels of basic lymphocyte subsets were detected, the early/late (CD57+/CD57-) CD8 T effectors ratio was increased at the end of the studied period, as were the percentage of PHA-responding (CD69+) T cells and PB phagocytizing cells.
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68 |
16913261
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Supernatants were harvested and assayed for IFN-gamma and IL-13 levels (pg/mL) by EIA.
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69 |
16913261
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PHA-induced IL-13 production was 3.1 +/- 0.2 in non-AR and 2.6 +/- 0.3 in AR subjects on day 7.
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70 |
17913307
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Mice immunized with pHA/M1 dual expressing plasmid showed enhanced HA inhibition titer and increased CD69(+) CD8alpha(+) T cell response compared to groups that received either the vector or a mixture of both pHA and pM1 (pHA+pM1).
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71 |
19498203
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In the murine model, immunization of pHA-IRES2-NA generated significant anti-HA and anti-NA antibody, increased the percentage of CD8(+) cells and gamma interferon-producing CD8(+) cells and the ratio of Th1/Th2 (T helper) cells, which was comparable to the effects of immunization with HA or NA DNA alone or with a mixture of HA and NA DNA.
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72 |
21803104
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A significant difference was observed in humoral (against Brucella abortus strain 19S) and cell-mediated (in vivo phytohaemagglutination delayed type hypersensitivity (PHA DTH) test and CD4+/CD8+ T-cells ratio by FACS analysis) immune responses following vaccination.
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73 |
22875619
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We isolated phenotypically defined CD4(+) T-cell subpopulations from circulating lymphocytes of DR52b(+) healthy donors by flow cytometry cell sorting and stimulated them in vitro with peptide ESO(119-143), autologous APC and IL-2.
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74 |
22875619
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We isolated ESO-tetramer(+) cells by flow cytometry cell sorting and expanded them with PHA, APC and IL-2 to generate ESO-specific T(H) lines.
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75 |
22875619
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Using this approach, we could consistently generate ESO-tetramer(+) T(H) lines from conventional CD4(+)CD25(-) naïve and central memory populations, but not from effector memory populations or CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg.
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76 |
23732326
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The results showed that GPSL could significantly enhance T and B lymphocytes proliferation singly or synergistically with PHA and LPS and the efficacy were superior to those of gypenosides (GPS) and blank liposome (BL) at most of concentrations.
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77 |
26322930
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High postvaccination pH1N1-Th1 responses correlated with baseline high PHA- and pH1N1-IFN-γ ELISpot and circulating CD4(+)CD39(+)% and CD8(+)CD39(+)% Treg, with low CD8(+) cell numbers and CD19(+)FOXP3(+)% Breg, but not with CD4(+) cell numbers or HIV viral load.
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