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Gene Information

Gene symbol: MAGEA1

Gene name: melanoma antigen family A, 1 (directs expression of antigen MZ2-E)

HGNC ID: 6796

Synonyms: MGC9326, CT1.1

Related Genes

# Gene Symbol Number of hits
1 AADAC 1 hits
2 AFP 1 hits
3 ANKRD36B 1 hits
4 APC 1 hits
5 APOE 1 hits
6 BAGE 1 hits
7 BIRC5 1 hits
8 CD274 1 hits
9 CD4 1 hits
10 CD58 1 hits
11 CD8A 1 hits
12 CEACAM5 1 hits
13 CLEC6A 1 hits
14 CSF1 1 hits
15 CSF2 1 hits
16 CTAG1B 1 hits
17 CTAG2 1 hits
18 CTCFL 1 hits
19 CTDSP1 1 hits
20 CTLA4 1 hits
21 CTNNB1 1 hits
22 DR1 1 hits
23 EGF 1 hits
24 EGFR 1 hits
25 ERBB2 1 hits
26 ERVK2 1 hits
27 FCAMR 1 hits
28 FOLR1 1 hits
29 FOLR2 1 hits
30 GAGE1 1 hits
31 HLA-A 1 hits
32 HLA-B 1 hits
33 HORMAD1 1 hits
34 HSPA1A 1 hits
35 ICAM1 1 hits
36 IFNG 1 hits
37 IGKV2D-19 1 hits
38 IGKV6D-21 1 hits
39 IL12A 1 hits
40 IL17C 1 hits
41 IL2 1 hits
42 IL2RA 1 hits
43 IL4 1 hits
44 IL7 1 hits
45 ITGAM 1 hits
46 JAG1 1 hits
47 JUP 1 hits
48 LOH19CR1 1 hits
49 LUZP4 1 hits
50 MAGEA10 1 hits
51 MAGEA12 1 hits
52 MAGEA2 1 hits
53 MAGEA3 1 hits
54 MAGEA4 1 hits
55 MAGEA6 1 hits
56 MAGEA8 1 hits
57 MAGEA9 1 hits
58 MAGEC1 1 hits
59 MAGEC2 1 hits
60 MAGED4B 1 hits
61 MCAM 1 hits
62 MCO 1 hits
63 MITF 1 hits
64 MLANA 1 hits
65 MUC1 1 hits
66 PDCD1 1 hits
67 PRAME 1 hits
68 PSG2 1 hits
69 S100A1 1 hits
70 SEA 1 hits
71 SEPT4 1 hits
72 SILV 1 hits
73 SLCO6A1 1 hits
74 SOX2 1 hits
75 SSX1 1 hits
76 SSX2 1 hits
77 SSX4 1 hits
78 SYCP1 1 hits
79 TAP1 1 hits
80 TAP2 1 hits
81 TBC1D8 1 hits
82 TERT 1 hits
83 TFRC 1 hits
84 TLR7 1 hits
85 TLR9 1 hits
86 TNF 1 hits
87 TP53 1 hits
88 TRNAP1 1 hits
89 TRNAP2 1 hits
90 TYR 1 hits
91 TYRP1 1 hits
92 XAGE1B 1 hits
93 XCL1 1 hits

Related Sentences

# PMID Sentence
1 7750125 Presentation of synthetic peptide antigen encoded by the MAGE-1 gene by granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-cultured macrophages from HLA-A1 melanoma patients.
2 7750125 Here we show that a population of cells, derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage from peripheral blood and grown in granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, exhibit many essential characteristics of "professional" APC (dendritic-type morphology with a proportion of the population, the B7 molecule, and high levels of MHC class I and class II molecules, CD11b and CD54 molecules) and are capable of efficiently presenting the nonapeptide, EADPTGHSY, encoded by the melanoma antigen MAGE-1 gene, to the MAGE-1-specific CTL clone, 82/30.
3 7750125 Presentation of synthetic peptide antigen encoded by the MAGE-1 gene by granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-cultured macrophages from HLA-A1 melanoma patients.
4 7750125 Here we show that a population of cells, derived from the monocyte/macrophage lineage from peripheral blood and grown in granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, exhibit many essential characteristics of "professional" APC (dendritic-type morphology with a proportion of the population, the B7 molecule, and high levels of MHC class I and class II molecules, CD11b and CD54 molecules) and are capable of efficiently presenting the nonapeptide, EADPTGHSY, encoded by the melanoma antigen MAGE-1 gene, to the MAGE-1-specific CTL clone, 82/30.
5 7823968 Identification of potential CTL epitopes of tumor-associated antigen MAGE-1 for five common HLA-A alleles.
6 7823968 All possible peptides of nine and ten residues, containing binding motifs for HLA-A1, -A2.1, A-3.2, -A11 and -A24 were synthesized and tested for binding using a quantitative assay.
7 8587197 In malignant melanoma MAGE-1 and -3 antigen peptides, recognized by specific CTL, were defined.
8 8587197 Tyrosinase, gp100 and Melan A/MART-1, normally expressed in the melanosome, were also shown to be recognized by specific CTL.
9 8587197 These are P1A in mastocytoma P815, MUT1 in murine lung carcinoma (3LL) derived from connexin 37, and pRL1 in murine leukemia RL male 1 derived from c-akt proto-oncogene.
10 8640065 Such antigens include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, MART-1/Melan-A, gp100, tyrosinase, the tyrosinase-related antigen gp75, the antigen gp15 and the mutated CDK4 and beta-catenin gene-products.
11 8640065 This should include examination of melanoma antigen and MHC class I allele expression in the individual patient's tumour, assessment of the status of the peptide transporter molecules TAP1/TAP2 and evaluation of T-cell mediated immune responses reactive against peptides and autologous melanoma.
12 8640065 Such antigens include MAGE-1, MAGE-3, MART-1/Melan-A, gp100, tyrosinase, the tyrosinase-related antigen gp75, the antigen gp15 and the mutated CDK4 and beta-catenin gene-products.
13 8640065 This should include examination of melanoma antigen and MHC class I allele expression in the individual patient's tumour, assessment of the status of the peptide transporter molecules TAP1/TAP2 and evaluation of T-cell mediated immune responses reactive against peptides and autologous melanoma.
14 8653680 We further show that in vitro stimulation of the postimmunization peripheral blood lymphocytes with the MAGE-1 nonapeptide-loaded antigen presenting cell and interleukin-2 leads to significant expansion of peptide-specific and autologous melanoma-reactive CTL response.
15 8840994 Immunization against epitopes in the human melanoma antigen gp100 following patient immunization with synthetic peptides.
16 9066682 Short peptides derived from MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 gene products are recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes when presented by HLA-class-I molecules, and represent potential targets for specific immunotherapy.
17 9066682 Out of the 49 esophageal squa-mous-cell carcinomas studied, 53% expressed MAGE-1, 49% MAGE-2, 47% MAGE-3 and 71% MAGE-4.
18 9066682 Short peptides derived from MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 gene products are recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes when presented by HLA-class-I molecules, and represent potential targets for specific immunotherapy.
19 9066682 Out of the 49 esophageal squa-mous-cell carcinomas studied, 53% expressed MAGE-1, 49% MAGE-2, 47% MAGE-3 and 71% MAGE-4.
20 9334822 Notably all lines expressed HLA class I, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), polymorphic epithelial mucin (PEM) and cytokeratin (CK), but not HLA class II, B7.1 (CD80) or BAGE.
21 9334822 While of the 9 lines tested 4 (INT.Ov1, 2, 5 and 6) expressed the folate receptor (FR-alpha) and 6 (INT.Ov1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 9) expressed the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR); MAGE-1 and p185HER-2/neu were only found in 2 lines (INT.Ov1 and 2) and GAGE-1 expression in 1 line (INT.Ov2).
22 9334822 The identification of class I MHC ligands and T-cell epitopes within protein antigens was achieved by applying several theoretical methods including: 1) similarity or homology searches to MHCPEP; 2) BIMAS and 3) artificial neural network-based predictions of proteins MAGE, GAGE, EGFR, p185HER-2/neu and FR-alpha expressed in INT.Ov lines.
23 9336741 We have transfected human melanoma cell line 518A2 with the cDNA encoding interleukin-2 (IL-2) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and compared cytokine-producing clones for their ability to induce melanoma-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro.
24 9336741 The parental cell line expressed HLA-A1, HLA-A2, ICAM-1, LFA-3, in addition to the common CTL antigens MAGE-1, MAGE-3, tyrosinase, gp100, and Melan-A/MART-1.
25 9349434 Plasmids containing the human tumor antigen genes MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 were encapsulated in fusigenic viral liposomes and injected into mice intramuscularly.
26 9349434 MAGE-1 and -3 recombinant proteins were used in Western blotting and affinity ELISA for assessment of antibody responses.
27 9349434 Mice immunized with MAGE-1 and -3 gene vaccine individually were shown to produce anti-MAGE-1 and -3 IgG antibody responses respectively.
28 9349434 Plasmids containing the human tumor antigen genes MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 were encapsulated in fusigenic viral liposomes and injected into mice intramuscularly.
29 9349434 MAGE-1 and -3 recombinant proteins were used in Western blotting and affinity ELISA for assessment of antibody responses.
30 9349434 Mice immunized with MAGE-1 and -3 gene vaccine individually were shown to produce anti-MAGE-1 and -3 IgG antibody responses respectively.
31 9349434 Plasmids containing the human tumor antigen genes MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 were encapsulated in fusigenic viral liposomes and injected into mice intramuscularly.
32 9349434 MAGE-1 and -3 recombinant proteins were used in Western blotting and affinity ELISA for assessment of antibody responses.
33 9349434 Mice immunized with MAGE-1 and -3 gene vaccine individually were shown to produce anti-MAGE-1 and -3 IgG antibody responses respectively.
34 9520286 To characterize immune responses to these immunogens, we examined the production of antibodies to the B700 melanoma antigen, the stimulation of endogenous IL-2 production, the expression of CD4, CD8, Vbeta and CD25 T cell markers, and the induction of NK activity.
35 9520286 Levels of antibodies to the B700 melanoma antigen were also significantly higher in mice immunized with the SEA-secreting B16 cells, as was expression of CD4, CD8, CD25 and Vbeta T cell antigens, particularly CD4.
36 9520286 To characterize immune responses to these immunogens, we examined the production of antibodies to the B700 melanoma antigen, the stimulation of endogenous IL-2 production, the expression of CD4, CD8, Vbeta and CD25 T cell markers, and the induction of NK activity.
37 9520286 Levels of antibodies to the B700 melanoma antigen were also significantly higher in mice immunized with the SEA-secreting B16 cells, as was expression of CD4, CD8, CD25 and Vbeta T cell antigens, particularly CD4.
38 9570527 Autologous human monocyte-derived dendritic cells genetically modified to express melanoma antigens elicit primary cytotoxic T cell responses in vitro: enhancement by cotransfection of genes encoding the Th1-biasing cytokines IL-12 and IFN-alpha.
39 9570527 Cultured, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) were transiently transfected with plasmid DNA encoding human MART-1/Melan-A, pMel-17/gp100, tyrosinase, MAGE-1, or MAGE-3 by particle bombardment and used to stimulate autologous PBMC responder T cells.
40 9570527 Coinsertion of genes encoding the Th1-biasing cytokines IL-12 or IFN-alpha consistently enhanced the magnitude of the resulting Ag-specific CTL reactivity.
41 9618514 To identify new CT antigens, we constructed an expression cDNA library from a melanoma cell line that expresses a wide range of CT antigens and screened the library with an allogeneic melanoma patient serum known to contain antibodies against two CT antigens, MAGE-1 and NY-ESO-1. cDNA clones isolated from this library identified four CT antigen genes: MAGE-4a, NY-ESO-1, LAGE-1, and CT7.
42 9618514 Of these four, only MAGE-4a and NY-ESO-1 proteins had been shown to be immunogenic.
43 9618514 LAGE-1 is a member of the NY-ESO-1 gene family, and CT7 is a newly defined gene with partial sequence homology to the MAGE family at its carboxyl terminus.
44 9618514 Our findings document the immunogenicity of LAGE-1 and CT7 and emphasize the power of serological analysis of cDNA expression libraries in identifying new human tumor antigens.
45 10230872 LI is characterized by CD4+ and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes reflecting latent cell-mediated immunity (CMI).
46 10230872 CMI and humoral immune reactivity have been demonstrated to autologous tumor and a variety of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) have been implicated including CEA, HER-2/neu, MAGE-1, p53, T/Tn and MUC-1.
47 10230872 Animal models have employed drug therapy, cytokine transfection, vaccines with autologous tumor, cytokines like interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), TAA tumor vaccines, and immunotoxins with evidence of tumor regression by immunologic means.
48 10230872 Positive results have been obtained with natural IFN and interleukins, particularly in combination strategies (but not with high dose recombinant IFN or IL-2), with autologous tumor vaccine (but not yet with transfected autologous tumor); with a mucin carbohydrate vaccine (Theratope) in a combination strategy (but not with mucin core antigen) and with several immunotoxins.
49 10641571 Intradermal injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with metastatic melanoma recruits dendritic cells.
50 10641571 We hypothesized that intradermal (i.d.) injection of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) would recruit DCs into melanoma skin metastases and enhance autologous melanoma antigen presentation to host T cells.
51 10641571 There was a significant increase in the number of DCs (HLA-DR+, S100+, factor XIIIa+) and CD45R0+ T cells in the skin and in the tumors Injected with GM-CSF at all dose levels.
52 10641571 Uninjected control tumors showed no increase in HLA-DR+ cells or T-cell infiltrate, but did show an Increase in S100+ and factor XIIIa+ cells, suggesting a non-DC population.
53 10760827 We have shown that the sequential use of early-acting hematopoietic growth factors, stem cell factor, IL-3 and IL-6, followed by differentiation with IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor allows the in vitro generation of large numbers of immature DCs from CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitor cells.
54 10760827 Fourteen HLA-A1(+) or HLA-A2(+) patients received at least 4 i.v. infusions of 5 x 10(6) to 5 x 10(7) DCs pulsed with a pool of peptides including either MAGE-1, MAGE-3 (HLA-A1) or Melan-A, gp100, tyrosinase (HLA-A2), depending on the HLA haplotype.
55 10786687 Genetic immunization with a single injection of dendritic cells (DCs) expressing a model melanoma antigen generates antigen-specific, MHC-restricted, protective immune responses.
56 10786687 In conclusion, C3H mice but not C57BL/6 mice receiving multiple vaccinations with DCs expressing the MART-1 tumor antigen show decreased protection associated with deviation from a type 1 to a type 2 cytokine response attributable to a Fas-receptor mediated clearance of antigen-specific IFN-gamma-producing cells.
57 10838667 MART-1, a melanoma antigen recognized by T cells-1, is a melanocyte lineage-differentiation antigen expressed only in melanocytes and melanoma cells.
58 10838667 We have produced and purified Escherichia coli recombinant MART-1 protein using a glutathione-S-transferase fusion protein expression system.
59 10838667 The glutathione-S-transferase fusion method yielded approximately 200 micrograms MART-1 per 2-L bacterial culture, enough to coat 100 ELISA plates.
60 10866318 Genetically modified dendritic cells prime autoreactive T cells through a pathway independent of CD40L and interleukin 12: implications for cancer vaccines.
61 10866318 Genetic immunization through ex vivo transduction of dendritic cells has been suggested as an effective approach to enhance antitumor immunity by activating both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
62 10866318 Immunizing mice with dendritic cells transduced with an adenovirus expressing the human melanoma antigen glycoprotein 100 (DCAdhgp100) as a cancer vaccine, we demonstrated complete protective immunity and a potent CTL response against melanomas expressing murine glycoprotein 100 in a CD4+ cell-dependent manner.
63 10866318 Surprisingly, however, effective tumor rejection was not the result of cooperation between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.
64 10866318 Protective immunity was completely lost when CD4+ cells were depleted immediately before tumor challenge, whereas it was unaffected by removal of CD8+ cells, establishing a principal role for CD4+ cells in the effector phase of tumor rejection.
65 10866318 Neither protective immunity nor CTL generation in this model required interleukin 12, in spite of high levels of IFN-gamma secretion by tumor-reactive T cells.
66 10866318 Most notably, the DCAdhgp100 vaccine could elicit protective antitumor CD4+ cells in the absence of CD40 ligand, although it does not bypass the need for CD40-mediated signals to generate melanoma-reactive CTLs.
67 10866318 Thus, in contrast to the current thinking that the optimal cancer vaccine should include determinants for both CD4+ and CD8+ cells, the potency of the DCAdhgp100 vaccine appears to be a result of its ability to directly prime autoreactive CD4+ cells through a process that does not require interleukin 12 and CD40 signals.
68 10940901 Synthetic insertion signal sequences enhance MHC class I presentation of a peptide from the melanoma antigen MART-1.
69 10940901 We report here that the addition of synthetic signal sequences at the N terminus, but not at the C terminus, of an epitope from the human melanoma antigen MART-1 greatly enhances its presentation in both TAP-deficient and TAP-expressing cells.
70 10940901 Synthetic insertion signal sequences enhance MHC class I presentation of a peptide from the melanoma antigen MART-1.
71 10940901 We report here that the addition of synthetic signal sequences at the N terminus, but not at the C terminus, of an epitope from the human melanoma antigen MART-1 greatly enhances its presentation in both TAP-deficient and TAP-expressing cells.
72 11320407 Importantly, transfected epidermal Langerhans cells can efficiently present a peptide derived from the transgenic melanoma antigen MART-1 to a MART-1-specific CTL.
73 11394498 Identification of a new shared HLA-A2.1 restricted epitope from the melanoma antigen tyrosinase.
74 11404379 We initiated a clinical trial in patients with MAGE-A1 and/or -A3 tumors using autologous DC pulsed with MAGE peptides aimed at analyzing T-cell-derived, IFN-gamma secretion by cytokine flow cytometry and ELISPOT.
75 11410873 Immature and mature DCs were separately pulsed with a peptide derived from tyrosinase, MelanA/MART-1 or MAGE-1 and a recall antigen.
76 11730848 C57BL/6 mice were immunized with an adenoviral vector encoding the melanoma antigen gp100 (Ad2/gp100) or were left untreated.
77 11730848 Blood and spleen cells were restimulated with either a peptide containing the dominant gp100 MHC Class I-restricted epitope, gp100(25-33), or a negative control peptide containing an irrelevant Class I-restricted epitope from ovalbumin.
78 11818167 Co-expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with antigen enhances humoral and tumor immunity after DNA vaccination.
79 11818167 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to enhance humoral and tumor immunity resulting from DNA immunization.
80 11818167 The genes encoding GM-CSF and antigen were cloned onto the same plasmid backbone, but separate promoters drove expression of each gene. beta-Galactosidase was used as the model antigen to generate antibody responses while the human tumor antigen, MAGE-1, was used to monitor tumor resistance.
81 11818167 Similarly, DNA vaccines expressing both MAGE-1 antigen and GM-CSF were more effective in protecting against B16-MAGE-1 melanoma.
82 11818167 However, both GM-CSF co-expressing DNA vaccines and co-inoculation with plasmids encoding the cytokine or antigen enhanced the generation antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-6 responses.
83 11818167 Co-expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor with antigen enhances humoral and tumor immunity after DNA vaccination.
84 11818167 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used to enhance humoral and tumor immunity resulting from DNA immunization.
85 11818167 The genes encoding GM-CSF and antigen were cloned onto the same plasmid backbone, but separate promoters drove expression of each gene. beta-Galactosidase was used as the model antigen to generate antibody responses while the human tumor antigen, MAGE-1, was used to monitor tumor resistance.
86 11818167 Similarly, DNA vaccines expressing both MAGE-1 antigen and GM-CSF were more effective in protecting against B16-MAGE-1 melanoma.
87 11818167 However, both GM-CSF co-expressing DNA vaccines and co-inoculation with plasmids encoding the cytokine or antigen enhanced the generation antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-6 responses.
88 11870627 Among a number of human tumor antigens identified using the serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries (SEREX), only MAGE-1, tyrosinase, and NY-ESO-1 have been reported to be immunogenic tumor antigens that have the potential to elicit both humoral and cellular immunity.
89 11870627 In this study, we determined whether our SEREX-defined pancreatic cancer antigens could be recognized by CTL, and report that one SEREX-defined antigen, coactosin-like protein (CLP), encoded cellular epitopes recognized by HLA-A2-restricted and tumor-reactive CTL.
90 11912169 The ability to load irradiated tumor cells was reproduced in two analogous human melanoma models using melanoma cell lines expressing gp100 and CTL clones specific for a gp100 melanoma antigen.
91 11918082 We have previously reported that immunization of mice with melanoma cells transfected to secrete the superantigen, Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), increased the production of antibodies to the B700 melanoma antigen, stimulated the production of endogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2), activated the expression of CD4, CD8 and CD25 T cell markers and enhanced NK cell activity.
92 11973635 Lymphotactin cotransfection enhances the therapeutic efficacy of dendritic cells genetically modified with melanoma antigen gp100.
93 11973635 In this study, Lptn and/or melanoma-associated antigen gp100 were transfected into mouse bone marrow-derived DC, which were used as vaccines in B16 melanoma model.
94 11973635 Immunization of C57BL/6 mice with DC adenovirally cotransfected with Lptn and gp100 (Lptn/gp100-DC) could enhance the cytotoxicities of CTL and NK cells, increase the production of IL-2 and interferon-gamma significantly, as compared with immunization with gp100-DC, Lptn-DC, LacZ-DC, DC or PBS counterparts.
95 11973635 In vivo depletion analysis demonstrated that CD8(+) T cells are the predominant T cell subset responsible for the antitumor effect of Lptn/gp100-DC and CD4(+) T cells were necessary in the induction phase of tumor rejection, while NK cells were less important although they participated in the antitumor response either in the induction phase or in the effector phase.
96 12021308 There is consensus that an optimized cancer vaccine will have to induce not only CD8+ cytotoxic but also CD4+ T helper (Th) cells, particularly interferon (IFN)-gamma-producing, type 1 Th cells.
97 12021308 We demonstrate now that the subcutaneous injection of cryopreserved, mature, antigen-loaded, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) rapidly induces unequivocal Th1 responses (ex vivo detectable IFN-gamma-producing effectors as well as proliferating precursors) both to the control antigen KLH and to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-restricted tumor peptides (melanoma-antigen [Mage]-3.DP4 and Mage-3.DR13) in the majority of 16 evaluable patients with metastatic melanoma.
98 12021308 These Th1 cells recognized not only peptides, but also DCs loaded with Mage-3 protein, and in case of Mage-3DP4-specific Th1 cells IFN-gamma was released even after direct recognition of viable, Mage-3-expressing HLA-DP4+ melanoma cells.
99 12057851 Peptide binding assay was performed using biotinylated HLA-A24-restricted MAGE-1 peptide as a reference peptide and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)-deficient T2-A24 cells expressing high level of HLA-A24 protein as target cells.
100 12077290 Generation of CTL recognizing an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope shared by MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 tumor antigens: implication in a broad-spectrum tumor immunotherapy.
101 12077290 MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 are expressed in a significant proportion of primary and metastatic tumors of various histological types and are targets of tumor Ag-specific CTL.
102 12077290 These CTL are able to recognize two low HLA-A*0201 affinity peptides differing at their C-terminal position and derived from MAGE-A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 (p248G9) and MAGE-A1 (p248D9).
103 12077290 Interestingly, p248V9-specific CTL respond to endogenous MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 in an HLA-A*0201-restricted manner and recognize human HLA-A*0201(+)MAGE-A(+) tumor cells of various histological origin.
104 12077290 Generation of CTL recognizing an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope shared by MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 tumor antigens: implication in a broad-spectrum tumor immunotherapy.
105 12077290 MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 are expressed in a significant proportion of primary and metastatic tumors of various histological types and are targets of tumor Ag-specific CTL.
106 12077290 These CTL are able to recognize two low HLA-A*0201 affinity peptides differing at their C-terminal position and derived from MAGE-A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 (p248G9) and MAGE-A1 (p248D9).
107 12077290 Interestingly, p248V9-specific CTL respond to endogenous MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 in an HLA-A*0201-restricted manner and recognize human HLA-A*0201(+)MAGE-A(+) tumor cells of various histological origin.
108 12077290 Generation of CTL recognizing an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope shared by MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 tumor antigens: implication in a broad-spectrum tumor immunotherapy.
109 12077290 MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 are expressed in a significant proportion of primary and metastatic tumors of various histological types and are targets of tumor Ag-specific CTL.
110 12077290 These CTL are able to recognize two low HLA-A*0201 affinity peptides differing at their C-terminal position and derived from MAGE-A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 (p248G9) and MAGE-A1 (p248D9).
111 12077290 Interestingly, p248V9-specific CTL respond to endogenous MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 in an HLA-A*0201-restricted manner and recognize human HLA-A*0201(+)MAGE-A(+) tumor cells of various histological origin.
112 12077290 Generation of CTL recognizing an HLA-A*0201-restricted epitope shared by MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 tumor antigens: implication in a broad-spectrum tumor immunotherapy.
113 12077290 MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 are expressed in a significant proportion of primary and metastatic tumors of various histological types and are targets of tumor Ag-specific CTL.
114 12077290 These CTL are able to recognize two low HLA-A*0201 affinity peptides differing at their C-terminal position and derived from MAGE-A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 (p248G9) and MAGE-A1 (p248D9).
115 12077290 Interestingly, p248V9-specific CTL respond to endogenous MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, -A10, and -A12 in an HLA-A*0201-restricted manner and recognize human HLA-A*0201(+)MAGE-A(+) tumor cells of various histological origin.
116 12124806 Immunization of these HLA-A2402/K(b)-transgenic mice with various known HLA-A24-restricted immunodominant cancer CTL epitope peptides derived from gp100, MAGE-1, MAGE-3, Her2/neu, CEA and TERT induced HLA-A24-restricted, peptide-specific CTLs.
117 12124806 Staining with HLA tetramers showed that the cytotoxic activity induced by immunizing with PSA(152-160) in HLA-A2402/K(b) transgenic mice was HLA-A2402-restricted and CD8-dependent.
118 12378152 A series of phase I/II clinical studies evaluating ALVAC recombinants carrying either the CEA, p53, MAGE1 or MAGE3 genes, administered through the subcutaneous, intradermal or intravenous routes, has shown that this approach is safe and can induce tumor-specific antibody or T cell responses in at least some of the patients.
119 12386826 Immunosuppressive effects of interleukin-12 coexpression in melanoma antigen gene-modified dendritic cell vaccines.
120 12386826 In a series of experiments immunizing mice with DC cotransduced with MART-1 and IL-12, antitumor protection and antigen-specific splenocyte cytotoxicity and interferon gamma production inversely correlated with the amount of IL-12 produced by DC.
121 12576434 Activation of human melanoma reactive CD8+ T cells by vaccination with an immunogenic peptide analog derived from Melan-A/melanoma antigen recognized by T cells-1.
122 12601173 Synoivial sarcomas are striking with regard to CT antigen expression, with >80% of specimens homogeneously expressing NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A3.
123 12601173 In the present study, 54 sarcoma patients were tested for serum antibodies to NY-ESO-1, SSX2, MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, CT7, and CT10.
124 12645955 Adoptive transfer of an anti-MART-1(27-35)-specific CD8+ T cell clone leads to immunoselection of human melanoma antigen-loss variants in SCID mice.
125 12645955 In this study we investigated the level of efficacy of a MART-1/Melan-A-specific CD8+ T cell clone against its autologous melanoma in a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse model, in which the tumor cells expressed in vivo heterogeneous and suboptimal levels of MART-1.
126 12747756 We investigated the expression of 10 CT genes (MAGE-1, MAGE-3, MAGE-4, GAGE, NY-ESO-1, SSX-1, HOM-MEL-40/SSX-2, SSX-4, HOM-TES-14/SCP-1, and HOM-TES-85) in 21 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biopsy specimens.
127 12747756 The most frequently expressed CT genes were SSX-1 and GAGE, which were found in 8/21 (38%) HCC samples, followed by HOM-TES-14/SCP-1 (6/21 or 29%), MAGE-3 (5/21 or 24%), HOM-TES-85 and MAGE-1 (4/21 or 19% each), whereas SSX-4 and HOM-MEL-40/SSX-2 were only expressed in 2/21 cases each, MAGE-4 in one case, and NY-ESO-1 not at all.
128 12747756 We investigated the expression of 10 CT genes (MAGE-1, MAGE-3, MAGE-4, GAGE, NY-ESO-1, SSX-1, HOM-MEL-40/SSX-2, SSX-4, HOM-TES-14/SCP-1, and HOM-TES-85) in 21 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biopsy specimens.
129 12747756 The most frequently expressed CT genes were SSX-1 and GAGE, which were found in 8/21 (38%) HCC samples, followed by HOM-TES-14/SCP-1 (6/21 or 29%), MAGE-3 (5/21 or 24%), HOM-TES-85 and MAGE-1 (4/21 or 19% each), whereas SSX-4 and HOM-MEL-40/SSX-2 were only expressed in 2/21 cases each, MAGE-4 in one case, and NY-ESO-1 not at all.
130 12767067 Recombinant E. coli efficiently delivers antigen and maturation signals to human dendritic cells: presentation of MART1 to CD8+ T cells.
131 12767067 Furthermore, we show that fixed E. coli/LLO expressing the well-characterised human melanoma antigen, MART1, efficiently deliver the HLA-A2-restricted MART1(27-35) epitope for processing and presentation on human MoDCs, suggesting the potential of this system as a novel strategy for human tumour immunotherapy.
132 12817001 A MAGE-3 peptide presented by HLA-DR1 to CD4+ T cells that were isolated from a melanoma patient vaccinated with a MAGE-3 protein.
133 12817001 We report here the identification of a new MAGE-3 peptide, which is recognized by three different CD4(+) T cell clones isolated from a melanoma patient vaccinated with a MAGE-3 protein.
134 12817001 These clones, which express different TCRs, recognize an HLA-DR1 peptide ACYEFLWGPRALVETS, which corresponds to the MAGE-3(267-282) and the MAGE-12(267-282) protein sequences.
135 12817001 One of the T cell clones, which expresses LFA-1 at a high level, lysed tumor cells expressing DR1 and MAGE-3.
136 12817001 Another of these DR1-restricted CD4(+) clones recognized not only the MAGE-3/12 peptide but also homologous peptides encoded by genes MAGE-1, 2, 4, 6, 10, and 11.
137 14512184 Vaccination with MAGE-3 and SSX-1 would cover 57% of all patients, with three antigens, MAGE-3, SSX-1, and MAGE-4, would cover 65%, and with four antigens, MAGE-3, SSX-1, MAGE-4 and SSX-4, would cover 70%.
138 14512184 For this purpose, vaccination with combinations of MAGE-3 with MAGE-6, SSX-4, MAGE-1 or BAGE may be effective for a quarter of Japanese lung cancer patients.
139 14568971 We have analyzed the T cell responses of HLA-A1 metastatic melanoma patients with detectable disease, following vaccination with a recombinant ALVAC virus, which bears short MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 sequences coding for antigenic peptides presented by HLA-A1.
140 14871300 Melanoma antigen recognized by T cell 1 (MART-1) is regarded as a candidate peptide for vaccination against malignant melanoma, and it is of importance to develop strategies to improve the vaccine-elicited T-cell activation towards MART-1.
141 14973051 In the current study, we demonstrated that intradermal (i.d.) immunization with a recombinant adenovirus (Ad) expressing the murine melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (AdmTrp-2) results in a moderate level of tumor protection against the B16F10 murine melanoma without any vitiligo.
142 15059299 [The genetic polymorphism of melanoma-associated antigen 1 in Chinese normal donors and hepatoma patients].
143 15127237 Heat shock protein 70 / MAGE-1 tumor vaccine can enhance the potency of MAGE-1-specific cellular immune responses in vivo.
144 15127237 In this research, we evaluated the enhancement of linkage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene of the potency of antigen-specific immunity elicited by naked DNA vaccines.
145 15127237 We found that vaccines containing MAGE-1-HSP70 fusion genes enhanced the frequency of MAGE-1-specific cytotoxic T cells in contract to vaccines containing the MAGE-1 gene alone.
146 15127237 These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene may greatly enhance the potency of DNA vaccines, and generate specific antitumor immunity against MAGE-1-expressing tumors.
147 15127237 Heat shock protein 70 / MAGE-1 tumor vaccine can enhance the potency of MAGE-1-specific cellular immune responses in vivo.
148 15127237 In this research, we evaluated the enhancement of linkage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene of the potency of antigen-specific immunity elicited by naked DNA vaccines.
149 15127237 We found that vaccines containing MAGE-1-HSP70 fusion genes enhanced the frequency of MAGE-1-specific cytotoxic T cells in contract to vaccines containing the MAGE-1 gene alone.
150 15127237 These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene may greatly enhance the potency of DNA vaccines, and generate specific antitumor immunity against MAGE-1-expressing tumors.
151 15127237 Heat shock protein 70 / MAGE-1 tumor vaccine can enhance the potency of MAGE-1-specific cellular immune responses in vivo.
152 15127237 In this research, we evaluated the enhancement of linkage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene of the potency of antigen-specific immunity elicited by naked DNA vaccines.
153 15127237 We found that vaccines containing MAGE-1-HSP70 fusion genes enhanced the frequency of MAGE-1-specific cytotoxic T cells in contract to vaccines containing the MAGE-1 gene alone.
154 15127237 These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene may greatly enhance the potency of DNA vaccines, and generate specific antitumor immunity against MAGE-1-expressing tumors.
155 15127237 Heat shock protein 70 / MAGE-1 tumor vaccine can enhance the potency of MAGE-1-specific cellular immune responses in vivo.
156 15127237 In this research, we evaluated the enhancement of linkage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene of the potency of antigen-specific immunity elicited by naked DNA vaccines.
157 15127237 We found that vaccines containing MAGE-1-HSP70 fusion genes enhanced the frequency of MAGE-1-specific cytotoxic T cells in contract to vaccines containing the MAGE-1 gene alone.
158 15127237 These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-1 gene may greatly enhance the potency of DNA vaccines, and generate specific antitumor immunity against MAGE-1-expressing tumors.
159 15160996 In this study, we investigated the specific CTL-inducing activity of 5 HLA-A*2402-restricted peptides derived from gp100, tyrosinase, MAGE1, MAGE2 and MAGE3.
160 15245438 We now report that CpG motifs, when introduced into the backbone, are a useful adjuvant for plasmid-based DNA (pDNA) vaccines to induce melanoma antigen-specific protective T cell responses in the Cloudman M3/DBA/2 model.
161 15245438 Preferential induction of an antigen-specific, protective T cell response could be demonstrated by (i) induction of antigen-dependent tumor cell protection, (ii) complete loss of protection by in vivo CD4+/CD8+T cell- but not NK cell-depletion, and (iii) the detection of antigen-specific T cell responses but not of relevant NK cell activity in vitro.
162 15256471 Using HLA-restricted tetramer staining, we identified a significant expansion in CD8+ antigen-specific T-cell clones against one or more of tumor-associated antigens MAGE-1, gp100, and HER-2 after DC vaccination in four of nine patients.
163 15297401 In this pilot study, we show that immunization of three resected, high-risk metastatic melanoma patients with a T-helper epitope derived from the melanoma differentiation antigen, melanoma antigen recognized by T cells-1, results in CD4(+) T-cell immune responses.
164 15297401 Immune reactivity to that epitope was detected by DR4-peptide tetramer staining, and enzyme-linked immunospot assay of fresh and restimulated CD4(+) T cells from patients over the course of the 12-month vaccine regimen.
165 15297401 For 1 DRbeta1*0401(+) patient, antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells recognized human leukocyte antigen-matched antigen-expressing tumor cells, secreted granzyme B, and also exhibited cytolysis that was MHC class II-restricted.
166 15336780 Using tetramer staining and limiting dilution analyses as monitors of CTL responses, we found significant increases in the number of antigen-specific CTL in circulation after vaccination with the MART-1(27-35) peptide (AAGIGILTV)-pulsed autologous APC, the MAGE-1(161-169) peptide (EADPTGHSY)-pulsed APC, or with autologous tumor lysate-pulsed APC.
167 15336780 The decline in the CTL response was associated by a concomitant expansion of CD4(+) CD25(+)T cells.
168 15336780 Analysis of postvaccine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from patients showed an increased amount of interleukin (IL)-10 secretion on in vitro stimulation with IL-2 after successive vaccination.
169 15336780 Triple color flow cytometric analyses revealed cytoplasmic IL-10 in the CD4(+)CD25(+) T-cell fraction and the number of CD4(+)CD25(+) IL-10(+) T cells were found to increase significantly in postvaccine PBL.
170 15365776 A CD80-transfected human breast cancer cell variant induces HER-2/neu-specific T cells in HLA-A*02-matched situations in vitro as well as in vivo.
171 15365776 Using CD80+ KS breast cancer cells and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02-matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of breast cancer patients in allogeneic mixed lymphocyte-tumor cell cultures (MLTCs), it was possible to isolate HLA-A*02-restricted cytotoxic T cells (CTLs).
172 15365776 KS breast cancer cells were demonstrated to express already known TAAs such as CEA, MUC-1, MAGE-1, MAGE-2, and MAGE-3.
173 15365776 To further improve antigenicity, HER-2/neu was added to this panel as a marker antigen known to elicit HLA-A*02-restricted CTLs in patients with breast cancer.
174 15365776 Thus, the antigen-processing and antigen-presentation capacity of KS cells was further demonstrated by the stimulation of HER-2/neu-specific CD8+ T cells in PBMCs of breast cancer patients in vitro.
175 15365776 These results gave a good rationale for a phase I/II trial, where the CD80+ HER-2/neu-overexpressing KS variant is actually used as a cellular vaccine in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
176 15365776 As a proof of principle, we present data from two patients where a significant increase of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release was detected when postvaccination PBMCs were stimulated by allogeneic vaccine cells as well as by HLA-A*02-restricted HER-2/neu epitopes.
177 15520218 Therapeutic effectiveness of recombinant cancer vaccines is associated with a prevalent T-cell receptor alpha usage by melanoma-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes.
178 15520218 To define surrogate end points predictive of the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant vaccines based on melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2, we evaluated several properties of antigen-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes in single mice undergoing either prophylactic or therapeutic immunization.
179 15604288 Reverse transcription-PCR revealed a highly heterogeneous expression of MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, -A4, -A6, GAGE 1-6, SSX 1-5, and PRAME among melanoma clones.
180 15661935 Indeed, a recent study revealed CTLs specific for two cancer-testis (CT) Ags (MAGE-A1 and MAGE-A3) in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes of HCC patients.
181 15661935 Here we assessed the presence of T cells specific for additional CT Ags: MAGE-A10, SSX-2, NY-ESO-1, and LAGE-1, which are naturally immunogenic as demonstrated in HLA-A2(+) melanoma patients.
182 15661935 Therefore, besides melanoma, HCC is the second solid human tumor with clear evidence for in vivo tumor recognition by T cells, providing the rational for specific immunotherapy, based on immunization with CT Ags such as MAGE-A10 and SSX-2.
183 15728523 MAGE-A1-, MAGE-A10-, and gp100-derived peptides are immunogenic when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and montanide ISA-51 adjuvant and administered as part of a multipeptide vaccine for melanoma.
184 15728523 We report in this study that at least three of these five peptides (MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622)) are immunogenic when administered with GM-CSF in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant.
185 15728523 Most importantly, tumor cell lines expressing the appropriate HLA-A restriction element and MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, or gp100 proteins were lysed by corresponding CTL.
186 15728523 This report supports the continued use of the MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622) epitopes in peptide-based melanoma vaccines and thus expands the list of immunogenic peptide Ags available for human use.
187 15728523 Cancer-testis Ags are expressed in multiple types of cancer; thus the MAGE-A1(96-104) and MAGE-A10(254-262) peptides may be considered for inclusion in vaccines against cancers of other histologic types, in addition to melanoma.
188 15728523 MAGE-A1-, MAGE-A10-, and gp100-derived peptides are immunogenic when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and montanide ISA-51 adjuvant and administered as part of a multipeptide vaccine for melanoma.
189 15728523 We report in this study that at least three of these five peptides (MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622)) are immunogenic when administered with GM-CSF in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant.
190 15728523 Most importantly, tumor cell lines expressing the appropriate HLA-A restriction element and MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, or gp100 proteins were lysed by corresponding CTL.
191 15728523 This report supports the continued use of the MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622) epitopes in peptide-based melanoma vaccines and thus expands the list of immunogenic peptide Ags available for human use.
192 15728523 Cancer-testis Ags are expressed in multiple types of cancer; thus the MAGE-A1(96-104) and MAGE-A10(254-262) peptides may be considered for inclusion in vaccines against cancers of other histologic types, in addition to melanoma.
193 15728523 MAGE-A1-, MAGE-A10-, and gp100-derived peptides are immunogenic when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and montanide ISA-51 adjuvant and administered as part of a multipeptide vaccine for melanoma.
194 15728523 We report in this study that at least three of these five peptides (MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622)) are immunogenic when administered with GM-CSF in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant.
195 15728523 Most importantly, tumor cell lines expressing the appropriate HLA-A restriction element and MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, or gp100 proteins were lysed by corresponding CTL.
196 15728523 This report supports the continued use of the MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622) epitopes in peptide-based melanoma vaccines and thus expands the list of immunogenic peptide Ags available for human use.
197 15728523 Cancer-testis Ags are expressed in multiple types of cancer; thus the MAGE-A1(96-104) and MAGE-A10(254-262) peptides may be considered for inclusion in vaccines against cancers of other histologic types, in addition to melanoma.
198 15728523 MAGE-A1-, MAGE-A10-, and gp100-derived peptides are immunogenic when combined with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and montanide ISA-51 adjuvant and administered as part of a multipeptide vaccine for melanoma.
199 15728523 We report in this study that at least three of these five peptides (MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622)) are immunogenic when administered with GM-CSF in Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant.
200 15728523 Most importantly, tumor cell lines expressing the appropriate HLA-A restriction element and MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, or gp100 proteins were lysed by corresponding CTL.
201 15728523 This report supports the continued use of the MAGE-A1(96-104), MAGE-A10(254-262), and gp100(614-622) epitopes in peptide-based melanoma vaccines and thus expands the list of immunogenic peptide Ags available for human use.
202 15728523 Cancer-testis Ags are expressed in multiple types of cancer; thus the MAGE-A1(96-104) and MAGE-A10(254-262) peptides may be considered for inclusion in vaccines against cancers of other histologic types, in addition to melanoma.
203 15735048 CD4(+) Treg cells do not secrete interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor beta cytokines but express CD25, the glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-related protein (GITR), and Forkhead Box P3 (Foxp3), and are capable of suppressing the proliferative responses of naive CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to stimulation with mitogenic anti-CD3 antibody.
204 15735048 Importantly, these Treg cells suppress IL-2 secretion by CD4(+) effector T cells specific for either EBNA1 or a melanoma antigen, suggesting that these CD4(+) Treg cells induce immune suppression.
205 15750833 We used a Trimera mouse model, consisting of lethally irradiated BALB/c host reconstituted with nonobese diabetes/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) bone marrow plus human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), to characterize the in vivo immune responses against rSFV-encoded human melanoma antigen MAGE-3.
206 15756604 Heat shock protein 70/MAGE-3 fusion protein vaccine can enhance cellular and humoral immune responses to MAGE-3 in vivo.
207 15756604 MAGE-3, a member of melanoma antigen (MAGE) gene family, is recognized as an ideal candidate for tumor vaccine because it is expressed in a significant proportion of tumors of various histological types and can induce antigen-specific immune response in vivo.
208 15756604 In this research, we investigated whether M. tuberculosis HSP70 can be used as vehicle to elicit immune response to its accompanying MAGE-3 protein.
209 15756604 A recombinant protein expression vector was constructed that permitted the production of fusion protein linking amino acids 195-314 of MAGE-3 to the C terminus of HSP70.
210 15756604 We found that HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion protein can elicit stronger cellular and humoral immune responses against MAGE-3 expressing murine tumor than those elicited by MAGE-3 protein in vivo, which resulted in potent antitumor immunity against MAGE-3-expressing tumors.
211 15756604 Covalent linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-3 was necessary to elicit immune response to MAGE-3.
212 15756604 These results indicate that linkage of HSP70 to MAGE-3 enhanced immune responses to MAGE-3 in vivo and HSP70 can be exploited to enhance the cellular and humoral immune responses against any attached tumor-specific antigens.
213 15761016 The cancer-testis antigens CT7 (MAGE-C1) and MAGE-A3/6 are commonly expressed in multiple myeloma and correlate with plasma-cell proliferation.
214 15761016 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated that 82% of stage-III myeloma specimens expressed the CT antigen CT7 (also known as melanoma antigen C1 [MAGE-C1]) and 70% expressed MAGE-A3/6.
215 15761016 Higher levels of CT7 and MAGE-A3/6 proteins also correlated with elevated plasma-cell proliferation.
216 15761016 These results show that CT7 and MAGE-A3/6 are promising myeloma-associated antigens for application in vaccine immunotherapy.
217 15775996 Though the role of CD4 positive and CD8 positive cells in the immunological response to gene-modified DC has been well-characterized, the role of NK cells in this response has been somewhat less clear.
218 15775996 Immunization with MART-1 melanoma antigen-engineered DC in C57BL/6 mice resulted in the generation of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and in vivo protective responses to the murine B16 melanoma.
219 15775996 In conclusion, protective immunity after tumor antigen gene-modified DC immunization requires collaboration between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells.
220 15913853 Characterization of anti-self CD8 T-cell responses stimulated by recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing the melanoma antigen TRP-2.
221 15913853 We constructed a recombinant strain of Listeria monocytogenes (rLM) expressing murine tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), a nonmutated melanocyte-derived differentiation antigen highly expressed in melanomas.
222 15913853 Immunization of C57Bl/6 mice with this rLM strain efficiently primed CD8 T cells to recognize the MHC class I-restricted TRP-2180-188 epitope and express IFN-gamma upon in vitro peptide stimulation.
223 15982316 As proof of principle, we use this model to show the efficacy of a live, Listeria monocytogenes vaccine expressing the melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein-2 to protect mice against intravenous B16 melanoma challenge.
224 16061687 To exploit these properties for immunization purposes, we conjugated the melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2 to alphaDEC-205 antibodies and immunized mice with these conjugates together with dendritic cell-activating oligonucleotides (CpG).
225 16061687 Approximately 70% of the animals were cured from existing tumors by treatment with alphaDEC conjugates carrying two different melanoma antigens (TRP-2 and gp100).
226 16061687 This protection was due to induction of melanoma-specific CD4 and CD8 responses.
227 16155756 MAGE-1/Heat shock protein 70/MAGE-3 fusion protein vaccine in nanoemulsion enhances cellular and humoral immune responses to MAGE-1 or MAGE-3 in vivo.
228 16157421 We have shown that FITC-labeled nLT is taken up by human dendritic cells (hDC) in vitro and in mouse skin, and induces maturation and activation of hDC in vitro. hDC matured with nLT enhanced nonspecific melanoma antigen uptake and presentation to autologous CD8+ T cells.
229 16157421 In mouse in vivo studies, nLT or LTB were applied on the skin either mixed with recombinant gp100 or genetically fused with a multiepitope polypeptide (MEP).
230 16311731 Direct injection of a lentiviral vector encoding the melanoma antigen NY-ESO-1 in HLA-A2 transgenic mice primed NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ cells that could be expanded by boosting with an NY-ESO-1 vaccinia virus.
231 16311731 In order to examine the priming step directly, we constructed another lentiviral vector expressing the melanoma antigen Melan-A (MART-1).
232 16311731 Direct injection of a lentiviral vector encoding the melanoma antigen NY-ESO-1 in HLA-A2 transgenic mice primed NY-ESO-1-specific CD8+ cells that could be expanded by boosting with an NY-ESO-1 vaccinia virus.
233 16311731 In order to examine the priming step directly, we constructed another lentiviral vector expressing the melanoma antigen Melan-A (MART-1).
234 16741971 Antitumor efficacy of DNA vaccination to the epigenetically acting tumor promoting transcription factor BORIS and CD80 molecular adjuvant.
235 16741971 Interestingly, BORIS induces demethylation and subsequent expression of many cancer-testis genes, including MAGE-A1 and NY-ESO-1, indicating that it is expressed very early in malignancy and might be an attractive candidate for immunotherapy.
236 16845331 Although staining for S100 protein is generally positive, staining for other melanoma differentiation antigens, particularly gp100, Melan-A/MART1 and tyrosinase, is often negative despite being commonly positive in other melanoma types.
237 16845331 We characterized the patterns of antigen expression of desmoplastic melanoma from 32 patients, including gp100, Melan-A/MART-1, tyrosinase, MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4 and NY-ESO-1.
238 16971810 Dendritic cells loaded with killed allogeneic melanoma cells can induce objective clinical responses and MART-1 specific CD8+ T-cell immunity.
239 16971810 DCs were generated by culturing monocytes with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor) and interleukin (IL-4) and activated by additional culture with tumor necrosis factor and CD40 ligand.
240 16971810 Three out of 13 analyzed patients showed T-cell immunity to melanoma antigen recognized by autologous T cells (MART-1) tissue differentiation antigen.
241 16971810 Two of 3 patients showed improved immune function after vaccinations demonstrated by improved secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma or T-cell proliferation in response to MART-1 derived peptides.
242 16971810 In one of these patients, vaccination led to elicitation of CD8 T-cell immunity specific to a novel peptide-derived from MART-1 antigen, suggesting that cross-priming/presentation of melanoma antigens by DC vaccine had occurred.
243 17019710 Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to measure the expression of 8 MAGE genes and of genes LAGE-2/NY-ESO-1 and GAGE-1, 2, 8 in 9 osteosarcomas, 10 neuroblastomas, 12 rhabdomyosarcomas and 18 Ewing's sarcomas.
244 17019710 Nine tumors were also examined by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies specific for the MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4 and NY-ESO-1 proteins.
245 17121795 In this study, we have established that a vaccine platform based on the coat protein of papaya mosaic virus (PapMV CP), previously shown to induce a humoral response, can induce major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I cross-presentation of HLA-A*0201 epitopes from gp100, a melanoma antigen, and from influenza virus M1 matrix protein.
246 17121795 When we pulsed HLA-A*0201+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with the recombinant PapMV FLU or gp100, we noted that antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were highly reactive to these APCs, demonstrating that the epitope from the VLPs were processed and loaded on the MHC class I complex.
247 17376215 Adjuvant immunohistological markers are the calcium-binding protein S-100, the melanoma antigen HMB-45, the melanoma-expressed protein Melan A, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF).
248 17505480 Vaccination/boost with LV-CMV expressing the melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) yielded dose-dependent antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell reactivity and high protection against B16 melanoma challenge.
249 17707782 The major aim of the project was to develop the virus-like particles (VLPs) displaying single or multi-epitope of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in Escherichia coli and to evaluate the effect on inducing Ag-specific CD8(+) T cell response and antitumor efficacy as candidate vaccines.
250 17707782 Four HCC epitopes MAGE-1(278-286aa), MAGE-3(271-279aa), AFP1 (158-166aa) or AFP2 (542-550aa) were fused to the 3' terminus of the truncated HBV core gene, respectively, or conjunctively.
251 17707782 E. coli-derived truncated HBc(1-144) chimeric protein self-assembled into VLPs that both morphologically and physically are similar to the wild-type ones and they still remained activity after purification and refolding from 6M urea solution.
252 17898045 In this study, we examined the effects of a fully human PD-1-abrogating antibody on the in vitro expansion and function of human vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells (CTLs) specific for the melanoma-associated antigens glycoprotein 100 (gp100) and melanoma antigen recognized by T cells (MART)-1.
253 17898045 PD-1 blockade during peptide stimulation augmented the absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and gp100/MART-1 MHC:peptide tetramer+ CTLs.
254 17898045 This correlated with increased frequencies of IFN-gamma-secreting antigen-specific cells and augmented lysis of gp100+/MART-1+ melanoma targets.
255 17959670 Immunization with a lentivector that targets tumor antigen expression to dendritic cells induces potent CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses.
256 17959670 A dectin-2 lentivector encoding the human melanoma antigen NY-ESO-1 primed an NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell response in HLA-A2 transgenic mice and stimulated a CD4(+) T-cell response to a newly identified NY-ESO-1 epitope presented by H2 I-A(b).
257 18301399 In DNA immunization experiments in mice, three of nine fusions elevated relevant CD8(+) T-cell responses and tumor protection relative to an unfused melanoma antigen.
258 18317358 We performed a phase 1/2 trial testing the safety, toxicity, and immune response of a vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a replication-defective adenovirus (AdV) encoding the full-length melanoma antigen MART-1/Melan-A (MART-1).
259 18317358 This vaccine was designed to activate MART-1-specific CD+8 and CD4+ T cells.
260 18317358 CD8+ T-cell responses to MART-1 27-35 were assessed by both major histocompatibility complex class I tetramer and interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) before, during, and after each vaccine and CD4+ T-cell responses to MART-1 51-73 were followed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT.
261 18317358 Determinant spreading from the immunizing antigen MART-1 to other melanoma antigens [gp100, tyrosinase, human melanoma antigen-A3 (MAGE-A3)] was assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT.
262 18317358 Significant CD8+ and/or CD4+ MART-1-specific T-cell responses were observed in 6/11 and 2/4 patients evaluated, respectively, indicating that the E1-deleted adenovirus encoding the cDNA for MART-1/Melan-A (AdVMART1)/DC vaccine activated both helper and killer T cells in vivo.
263 18317358 Responses in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to additional antigens were noted in 2 patients.
264 18317358 We performed a phase 1/2 trial testing the safety, toxicity, and immune response of a vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) transduced with a replication-defective adenovirus (AdV) encoding the full-length melanoma antigen MART-1/Melan-A (MART-1).
265 18317358 This vaccine was designed to activate MART-1-specific CD+8 and CD4+ T cells.
266 18317358 CD8+ T-cell responses to MART-1 27-35 were assessed by both major histocompatibility complex class I tetramer and interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) before, during, and after each vaccine and CD4+ T-cell responses to MART-1 51-73 were followed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT.
267 18317358 Determinant spreading from the immunizing antigen MART-1 to other melanoma antigens [gp100, tyrosinase, human melanoma antigen-A3 (MAGE-A3)] was assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT.
268 18317358 Significant CD8+ and/or CD4+ MART-1-specific T-cell responses were observed in 6/11 and 2/4 patients evaluated, respectively, indicating that the E1-deleted adenovirus encoding the cDNA for MART-1/Melan-A (AdVMART1)/DC vaccine activated both helper and killer T cells in vivo.
269 18317358 Responses in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells to additional antigens were noted in 2 patients.
270 18398575 Real Time PCR was used to quantify the expression of genes MAGE-A1, MAGE-A2, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A6, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A12, MAGE-C2, NY-ESO-1 and GAGE-1,2,8 in 50 pediatric brain tumors of different histological subtypes.
271 18426187 Messenger RNA expression in the samples was as follows: GAGE 64%, MAGEA3/6 56%, SYCP1 44%, SLCO6A1 32%, MAGEC1 28%, MAGEC2 28%, MAGEA4 28%, NY-ESO-1 20%, MAGEA1 16%, and TPTE 0%.
272 18426187 Immunoreaction to monoclonal antibody E978 (NY-ESO-1) was negative in all cases; MA454 (MAGEA1), 57B (MAGEA4), M3H67 (MAGEA3/6), CT10#5 (MAGEC2) and #23 (GAGE) were each positive in 1 case, while the highest incidence of positive immunostaining, albeit heterogeneous, was seen with CT7-33 (MAGEC1) in 3 out of the 25 cases.
273 18426187 Messenger RNA expression in the samples was as follows: GAGE 64%, MAGEA3/6 56%, SYCP1 44%, SLCO6A1 32%, MAGEC1 28%, MAGEC2 28%, MAGEA4 28%, NY-ESO-1 20%, MAGEA1 16%, and TPTE 0%.
274 18426187 Immunoreaction to monoclonal antibody E978 (NY-ESO-1) was negative in all cases; MA454 (MAGEA1), 57B (MAGEA4), M3H67 (MAGEA3/6), CT10#5 (MAGEC2) and #23 (GAGE) were each positive in 1 case, while the highest incidence of positive immunostaining, albeit heterogeneous, was seen with CT7-33 (MAGEC1) in 3 out of the 25 cases.
275 18481391 The plasmid encoded T-cell epitopes from differentiation antigens Melan-A/melanoma antigen recognized by T cells (MART)-1 and tyrosinase, encompassing amino acids 26-35 and 31-70 from Melan-A/MART-1, and 1-9 as well as 369-377 from tyrosinase.
276 18481391 There was a correlation between time to progression (TTP) and Melan-A/MART-1 immunity (preexisting or induced) for all patients.
277 18646188 Thirty-five GIST patients were retrospectively analyzed for their expression of CTAs by immunohistochemistry using the following monoclonal antibodies (mAb/antigen): MA454/MAGE-A1, M3H67/MAGE-A3, 57B/MAGE-A4, CT7-33/MAGE-C1 and E978/NY-ESO-1.
278 18646188 Fourteen percent (n = 5/35) were positive for MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or MAGE-A4, respectively.
279 18646188 Twenty-six percent (n = 9/35) stained positive for MAGE-C1 and 20% (n = 7/35) for NY-ESO-1.
280 18646188 Thirty-five GIST patients were retrospectively analyzed for their expression of CTAs by immunohistochemistry using the following monoclonal antibodies (mAb/antigen): MA454/MAGE-A1, M3H67/MAGE-A3, 57B/MAGE-A4, CT7-33/MAGE-C1 and E978/NY-ESO-1.
281 18646188 Fourteen percent (n = 5/35) were positive for MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or MAGE-A4, respectively.
282 18646188 Twenty-six percent (n = 9/35) stained positive for MAGE-C1 and 20% (n = 7/35) for NY-ESO-1.
283 18680779 Co-delivery of cancer-associated antigen and Toll-like receptor 4 ligand in PLGA nanoparticles induces potent CD8+ T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity.
284 18680779 Vaccination of mice bearing melanoma B16 tumors with PLGA nanoparticles (NP) co-encapsulating the poorly immunogenic melanoma antigen, tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2), along with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand (7-acyl lipid A) was examined.
285 18680779 Activated TRP2-specific CD8 T cells were capable of interferon (IFN)-gamma secretion at lymph nodes and spleens of the vaccinated mice.
286 18807035 ABT-737, a small molecule inhibitor of the antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-w and Bcl-x(L), was tested for the ability to increase antitumor immune responses in two tumor immunotherapy animal models.
287 18807035 However, the addition of ABT-737 to either a vaccine strategy involving priming with TRP-2 melanoma antigen peptide-pulsed DC and boosting with recombinant Listeria monocytogenes expressing the same melanoma antigen, or the adoptive transfer of TCR transgenic cells, did not result in superior antitumor activity against B16 murine melanoma.
288 18807035 In vitro studies failed to demonstrate increased cytotoxic lytic activity when testing the combination of ABT-737 with lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells, or the death receptor agonists Fas, TRAIL-ligand or TNF-alpha against the CT26 and B16 cell lines.
289 19010368 BCG vaccine, vaccinia vaccine and certain pathogens that were shown in previous studies to protect against melanoma have antigenic determinants homologous in their amino acids sequence with the melanoma antigen HERV-K-MEL, encoded by a human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K), which is expressed in about 95% of malignant melanocytes.
290 19047169 Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
291 19047169 Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
292 19047169 TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
293 19047169 Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
294 19047169 Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
295 19047169 In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
296 19047169 Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
297 19047169 Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
298 19047169 TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
299 19047169 Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
300 19047169 Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
301 19047169 In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
302 19054057 In this study, we showed the importance of antigen presentation via a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule in cancer immunity against non-membrane bound TAAs such as the melanoma antigen gp100 by using DCs derived from MHC class II-deficient mice (C2KO).
303 19561536 As T cells themselves may serve as effective antigen-presenting cells (T antigen-presenting cells; TAPC) and may be useful in vivo as cellular vaccines, we examined whether CD8(+) T cells genetically modified to produce IL-21 could induce immune responses to tumor associated antigen peptides in healthy human leukocyte antigen-A2(+) donors.
304 19561536 We found that IL-21 modified TAPC enhanced both the proliferation and survival of MART-1 specific CD8(+) T cells, which were enriched by >8-fold over cultures with control nontransgenic TAPC.
305 19561536 MART-1-specific CTL produced interferon-gamma in response to cognate peptide antigen and killed primary tumor cells expressing MART-1 in a major histocompatibility complex restricted manner.
306 19561536 IL-21 modified TAPC similarly enhanced generation of functional CTL against melanoma antigen gp100 and the B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated RHAMM antigen.
307 19561536 Antigen-specific CTL generated using IL-21 gene-modified TAPC had a central memory phenotype characterized by CD45RA(-), CD44(high), CD27(high), CD28(high), CD62L(high), and IL-7 receptor-alpha(high), contrasting with the terminal effector phenotype of CTL generated in the absence of IL-21.
308 19609242 We injected intradermally protamine-stabilized mRNAs coding for Melan-A, Tyrosinase, gp100, Mage-A1, Mage-A3, and Survivin in 21 metastatic melanoma patients.
309 19609242 Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was applied as an adjuvant.
310 19609242 During treatment the frequency of Foxp3+/CD4+ regulatory T cells was significantly decreased upon mRNA vaccination in peripheral blood of the patients in the KLH arm, whereas myeloid suppressor cells (CD11b+HLA-DR lo monocytes) were reduced in the patients not receiving KLH.
311 19609245 Generation of human dendritic cells that simultaneously secrete IL-12 and have migratory capacity by adenoviral gene transfer of hCD40L in combination with IFN-gamma.
312 19609245 In this study, we exploit an adenoviral vector encoding human CD40 ligand (CD40L), Ad5hCD40L, to establish DCs that feature both migration potential and prolonged secretion of the key T-helper 1 cytokine interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70).
313 19609245 Finally, DCs transduced with both Ad5hCD40L and an adenoviral vector encoding the melanoma antigen MelanA/MART-1 and treated with MC and IFN-gamma efficiently primed naive autologous CD8+ T cells into antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte.
314 19609245 This strategy to generate DCs that exert both migration capacity and prolonged IL-12p70 secretion after intracellular CD40L expression and IFN-gamma treatment has the potential to further improve current DC vaccination protocols.
315 19651643 PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+ CD25(Hi) regulatory T cells.
316 19651643 Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(Hi) T cells (Treg) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) molecule have emerged as pivotal players in immune regulation.
317 19651643 We identified Treg in the circulation of vaccinated melanoma patients and detected PD-1 expression on vaccine-induced melanoma antigen-specific CTLs, as well as on and within Treg from patients' peripheral blood.
318 19651643 PD-1 blockade promoted the generation of melanoma antigen-specific CTLs and masked their inhibition by Treg.
319 19651643 The mechanisms by which PD-1 blockade mediated immune enhancement included direct augmentation of melanoma antigen-specific CTL proliferation, heightening their resistance to inhibition by Treg and direct limitation of the inhibitory ability of Treg.
320 19651643 PD-1 blockade reversed the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on melanoma antigen-specific CTL by Treg, rescued INF-gamma and IL-2 or INF-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression and expression of IL-7 receptor by melanoma antigen-specific CTL which were diminished by Treg.
321 19651643 PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+ CD25(Hi) regulatory T cells.
322 19651643 Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(Hi) T cells (Treg) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) molecule have emerged as pivotal players in immune regulation.
323 19651643 We identified Treg in the circulation of vaccinated melanoma patients and detected PD-1 expression on vaccine-induced melanoma antigen-specific CTLs, as well as on and within Treg from patients' peripheral blood.
324 19651643 PD-1 blockade promoted the generation of melanoma antigen-specific CTLs and masked their inhibition by Treg.
325 19651643 The mechanisms by which PD-1 blockade mediated immune enhancement included direct augmentation of melanoma antigen-specific CTL proliferation, heightening their resistance to inhibition by Treg and direct limitation of the inhibitory ability of Treg.
326 19651643 PD-1 blockade reversed the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on melanoma antigen-specific CTL by Treg, rescued INF-gamma and IL-2 or INF-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression and expression of IL-7 receptor by melanoma antigen-specific CTL which were diminished by Treg.
327 19651643 PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+ CD25(Hi) regulatory T cells.
328 19651643 Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(Hi) T cells (Treg) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) molecule have emerged as pivotal players in immune regulation.
329 19651643 We identified Treg in the circulation of vaccinated melanoma patients and detected PD-1 expression on vaccine-induced melanoma antigen-specific CTLs, as well as on and within Treg from patients' peripheral blood.
330 19651643 PD-1 blockade promoted the generation of melanoma antigen-specific CTLs and masked their inhibition by Treg.
331 19651643 The mechanisms by which PD-1 blockade mediated immune enhancement included direct augmentation of melanoma antigen-specific CTL proliferation, heightening their resistance to inhibition by Treg and direct limitation of the inhibitory ability of Treg.
332 19651643 PD-1 blockade reversed the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on melanoma antigen-specific CTL by Treg, rescued INF-gamma and IL-2 or INF-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression and expression of IL-7 receptor by melanoma antigen-specific CTL which were diminished by Treg.
333 19651643 PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+ CD25(Hi) regulatory T cells.
334 19651643 Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(Hi) T cells (Treg) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) molecule have emerged as pivotal players in immune regulation.
335 19651643 We identified Treg in the circulation of vaccinated melanoma patients and detected PD-1 expression on vaccine-induced melanoma antigen-specific CTLs, as well as on and within Treg from patients' peripheral blood.
336 19651643 PD-1 blockade promoted the generation of melanoma antigen-specific CTLs and masked their inhibition by Treg.
337 19651643 The mechanisms by which PD-1 blockade mediated immune enhancement included direct augmentation of melanoma antigen-specific CTL proliferation, heightening their resistance to inhibition by Treg and direct limitation of the inhibitory ability of Treg.
338 19651643 PD-1 blockade reversed the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on melanoma antigen-specific CTL by Treg, rescued INF-gamma and IL-2 or INF-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression and expression of IL-7 receptor by melanoma antigen-specific CTL which were diminished by Treg.
339 19651643 PD1 blockade reverses the suppression of melanoma antigen-specific CTL by CD4+ CD25(Hi) regulatory T cells.
340 19651643 Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(Hi) T cells (Treg) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) molecule have emerged as pivotal players in immune regulation.
341 19651643 We identified Treg in the circulation of vaccinated melanoma patients and detected PD-1 expression on vaccine-induced melanoma antigen-specific CTLs, as well as on and within Treg from patients' peripheral blood.
342 19651643 PD-1 blockade promoted the generation of melanoma antigen-specific CTLs and masked their inhibition by Treg.
343 19651643 The mechanisms by which PD-1 blockade mediated immune enhancement included direct augmentation of melanoma antigen-specific CTL proliferation, heightening their resistance to inhibition by Treg and direct limitation of the inhibitory ability of Treg.
344 19651643 PD-1 blockade reversed the increased expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on melanoma antigen-specific CTL by Treg, rescued INF-gamma and IL-2 or INF-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha co-expression and expression of IL-7 receptor by melanoma antigen-specific CTL which were diminished by Treg.
345 19724873 Our previous study showed that nanoemulsion-encapsulated MAGE1-HSP70/SEA (MHS) complex protein vaccine elicited MAGE-1 specific immune response and antitumor effects against MAGE-1-expressing tumor and nanoemulsion is a useful vehicle with possible important implications for cancer biotherapy.
346 20108890 The type I melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) proteins CT7 (MAGE-C1) and MAGE-A3 are commonly expressed in multiple myeloma (MM), and their expression correlates with increased plasma cell proliferation and poor clinical outcome.
347 20108890 CT7 and MAGE-A3 are promising antigenic targets for therapeutic tumor vaccines in myeloma; therefore, it is critical to determine if they are immunogenic in MM patients.
348 20375743 The expression of TAAs varies as follows: Tyrosinase (81%) >Melan-A (80%) >HMB45/gp-100 (75%) >Mel-5/TRP-1 (65%) >MAGE-1 (47%) > S-100 (28%).
349 20795360 A novel DNA vaccine constructed by heat shock protein 70 and melanoma antigen-encoding gene 3 against tumorigenesis.
350 20795360 Melanoma antigen-encoding gene 3 (MAGE-3) is an ideal candidate for a tumor vaccine although its potency need to be increased.
351 20795360 In the present study, a fusion DNA vaccine composed of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 and MAGE-3 was constructed and used to immunize C57BL/6 mice against B16 or B16-MAGE-3 tumor cells.
352 20795360 The results show that the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine enhanced the frequency of MAGE-3-specific cytotoxic T-cells as compared to the MAGE-3 DNA vaccine or the HSP70/MAGE-3 cocktail DNA vaccine (P < 0.05).
353 20795360 In conclusion, the results indicate that the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine can strongly activate MAGE-3 specific cellular immunological reactions and thus significantly inhibit the growth of B16-MAGE-3 tumors, improving the survival of tumor-bearing mice, and the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine has a significant therapeutic effect on the tumors that express MAGE-3 antigens.
354 20795360 A novel DNA vaccine constructed by heat shock protein 70 and melanoma antigen-encoding gene 3 against tumorigenesis.
355 20795360 Melanoma antigen-encoding gene 3 (MAGE-3) is an ideal candidate for a tumor vaccine although its potency need to be increased.
356 20795360 In the present study, a fusion DNA vaccine composed of Mycobacterium tuberculosis HSP70 and MAGE-3 was constructed and used to immunize C57BL/6 mice against B16 or B16-MAGE-3 tumor cells.
357 20795360 The results show that the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine enhanced the frequency of MAGE-3-specific cytotoxic T-cells as compared to the MAGE-3 DNA vaccine or the HSP70/MAGE-3 cocktail DNA vaccine (P < 0.05).
358 20795360 In conclusion, the results indicate that the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine can strongly activate MAGE-3 specific cellular immunological reactions and thus significantly inhibit the growth of B16-MAGE-3 tumors, improving the survival of tumor-bearing mice, and the HSP70-MAGE-3 fusion DNA vaccine has a significant therapeutic effect on the tumors that express MAGE-3 antigens.
359 20806940 Crystal structures of HLA-A*0201 complexed with Melan-A/MART-1(26(27L)-35) peptidomimetics reveal conformational heterogeneity and highlight degeneracy of T cell recognition.
360 20806940 Here, we demonstrate that antigenic peptidomimetics of the Melan-A/MART-1(26(27L)-35) melanoma antigen adopt strikingly different conformations when bound to MHC-I, highlighting the degeneracy of T cell recognition and revealing the challenges associated with mimicking native peptide conformation.
361 20842062 These studies demonstrated that the vaccine was able to induce HLA-A*0201-restricted T-cell responses against gp100 and NY-ESO-1, detectable directly ex vivo, in HLA-A2/K-transgenic mice.
362 20842062 The in vitro antigen presentation studies, in the absence of appropriate animal models, demonstrated that target cells infected with the vaccine construct were lysed by MAGE-1, MAGE-3 or MART-1 peptide-specific T cells.
363 20937315 The adjuvant effects of the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod, and the TLR9 agonist, ODN1826, were tested with rAAV expressing the melanoma antigen, Trp2.
364 20937315 TLR7 and TLR9 agonists can be used to enhance the immune response to rAAV immunogens, but antagonism can be observed when combined.
365 21189474 Intradermal vaccinations with RNA coding for TAA generate CD8+ and CD4+ immune responses and induce clinical benefit in vaccinated patients.
366 21189474 The aim of this phase I/II nonrandomized trial was to assess feasibility, safety as well as immunological and clinical responses of a mRNA-based vaccination in patients with stage IV renal cell cancer using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) as adjuvant.
367 21189474 Intradermal injections of in vitro transcribed naked mRNA, which was generated using plasmids coding for the tumor-associated antigens mucin 1(MUC1), carcinoembryonic (CEA), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2/neu), telomerase, survivin, and melanoma-associated antigen 1 (MAGE-A1) were performed in 30 enrolled patients.
368 21189474 Induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses was shown for several tumor-associated antigens (TAA) using interferon-γ (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) and Cr-release assays.
369 21317818 New modalities of immunotherapy, such as melanoma antigen-specific therapeutic vaccination and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) receptor blockade by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), have been associated with atypical kinetics of tumor response that differ from those observed during cytotoxic treatment.
370 21372855 We assessed the level of anti-tumor immunity conferred by this engineered lentivector encoding the melanoma antigen gp100 in a mouse model.
371 21372855 A single prime vaccination of the engineered lentivectors can elicit a high frequency (up to 10%) of gp100-specific CD8(+) T cells in peripheral blood 3 weeks after the vaccination and this response will be maintained at around 5% for up to 8 weeks.
372 21413013 In a recent phase I clinical trial, we vaccinated 13 patients bearing NY-ESO-1-expressing tumors with a complex of cholesterol-bearing hydrophobized pullulan (CHP) and NY-ESO-1 protein (CHP-NY-ESO-1) and showed efficient induction of NY-ESO-1 antibody, and CD4 and CD8 T cell responses using peripheral blood from the patients.
373 21413013 Serological response against 11 tumor antigens including MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, CT7/MAGEC1, CT10/MAGEC2, CT45, CT46/HORMAD1, SOX2, SSX2, XAGE1B and p53 was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera from ten vaccinated patients.
374 21555851 In peripheral blood from patients vaccinated with CpG and the melanoma antigen Melan-A/MART-1 peptide, we found functional effector T cell populations, with only small but nevertheless significant differences in T cells specific for persistent herpesviruses (EBV and CMV).
375 21590240 Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were found to express both MAGE-1 (4 out of 15 samples) and MAGE-3 (7 out of 15 samples) genes, by RT-PCR.
376 21590240 Immunoblotting revealed MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 gene products in 2 and 6 out of 15 samples, respectively.
377 21590240 Considering the high percentages of tumor cells expressing MAGE-3 antigen, the use of epitope-based vaccines could be envisaged in patients displaying appropriate HLA-class I phenotype.
378 21590240 Esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were found to express both MAGE-1 (4 out of 15 samples) and MAGE-3 (7 out of 15 samples) genes, by RT-PCR.
379 21590240 Immunoblotting revealed MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 gene products in 2 and 6 out of 15 samples, respectively.
380 21590240 Considering the high percentages of tumor cells expressing MAGE-3 antigen, the use of epitope-based vaccines could be envisaged in patients displaying appropriate HLA-class I phenotype.
381 21785964 A considerable body of evidence now indicates that CD8-specific immunity plays an important role in the control of cancer cell growth, and a number of vaccine studies are in progress to boost CTAg-specific cellular immune responses.
382 21785964 We have previously identified CTAg-specific immune responses in patients with multiple myeloma and reported that recognition of the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide, which is described as being restricted by HLA-B*0702, was the most frequent response seen with our peptide panel.
383 21785964 Interestingly, one patient did not express HLA-B*0702, but three clones from this patient recognised the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide on a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCLs) expressing HLA-Cw7, and we now show evidence that the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide is expressed and recognised through Cw7.
384 21785964 A considerable body of evidence now indicates that CD8-specific immunity plays an important role in the control of cancer cell growth, and a number of vaccine studies are in progress to boost CTAg-specific cellular immune responses.
385 21785964 We have previously identified CTAg-specific immune responses in patients with multiple myeloma and reported that recognition of the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide, which is described as being restricted by HLA-B*0702, was the most frequent response seen with our peptide panel.
386 21785964 Interestingly, one patient did not express HLA-B*0702, but three clones from this patient recognised the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide on a lymphoblastoid cell line (LCLs) expressing HLA-Cw7, and we now show evidence that the MAGE-A1(289-298) peptide is expressed and recognised through Cw7.
387 21927025 A novel recombinant LM-based vaccine (Lmdd (LM ΔdalΔdat)-MPFG (multiple peptide fusing genes)) was developed with the ability to express and secrete hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-related tumor-associated antigens fragments due to the insertion of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-X protein (HBx)-derived epitopes HBx(52-60) and HBx(140-148), the universal T-helper epitope, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) epitope AFP(158-166), and melanoma antigen gene (MAGE)-3(271-279) into the HBV core protein.
388 21927025 In addition, IFN-γ-producing CD8(+) T cells as well as in vivo cytolytic activity were significantly increased in HLA-A2 transgenic mice.
389 21993558 MART-1- and gp100-expressing and -non-expressing melanoma cells are equally proliferative in tumors and clonogenic in vitro.
390 21993558 MART-1 and gp100 are prototypical melanoma antigen (Ag), but their clinical use as vaccines or as targets of cytotoxic lymphocytes achieved modest success.
391 21993558 Possible explanations could be that as MART-1 and gp100 are melanocyte differentiation Ag, clonogenic Ag-non-expressing cells would be spared by immune effectors, or that clonogenic cells would be intrinsically resistant to cytotoxic lymphocytes.
392 21993558 We therefore analyzed the proliferative status of MART-1/gp100-expressing and -non-expressing cells in biopsies, and the clonogenicity and sensitiveness to cytotoxic lymphocytes of the human cutaneous melanoma cell lines MEL-XY1 and MEL-XY3.
393 21993558 Analysis of MART-1/gp100 and Ki-67 expression in 22 melanoma tumors revealed that MART-1/gp100-expressing and -non-expressing cells proliferated competitively.
394 21993558 MART-1, gp100, tyrosinase, and CD271 expression were studied in MEL-XY1 and MEL-XY3 colonies.
395 21993558 Finally, clonogenic, MART-1/gp100-expressing cells were lysed by specific CD8 lymphocytes.
396 21993558 Thus, MART-1 and gp100 expression and plasticity would not interfere with proliferation or clonogenicity, and clonogenic cells may be lysed by cytotoxic lymphocytes.
397 22156658 In NSCLC, ongoing phase III trials are investigating this approach in different treatment settings: the Melanoma AntiGEn A3 vaccine in resected early-stage NSCLC, the L-BLP25 vaccine in locally advanced NSCLC after chemoradiotherapy, and belagenpumatucel-L, the epidermal growth factor and the TG4010 vaccine in advanced stage, either as an adjunct to chemotherapy or as maintenance after completion of chemotherapy.
398 22190731 Expression of cancer-testis antigens (MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3/6, MAGE-A4, MAGE-C1 and NY-ESO-1) in primary human uveal and conjunctival melanoma.
399 23108144 In parallel experiments, using NOD/SCID/IL-2rγc(null)-immunodeficient (hDC-NOG) mouse model, we also showed that the human melanoma antigen, MART-1, expressed by mRNA transfected aAVCs can be cross-presented to antigen-specific T cells by human dendritic cells.
400 23266925 We report the outcome of the first patient treated in a phase 1 study for relapsed neuroblastoma, using the chemotherapy agent decitabine to upregulate cancer testis antigen expression, followed by a dendritic cell vaccine targeting the cancer testis antigens MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, and NY-ESO-1.
401 23377668 The TCR used in this study recognized epitopes in MAGE-A3/A9/A12.
402 23377668 Molecular assays of human brain samples using real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction, Nanostring quantitation, and deep-sequencing indicated that MAGE-A12 was expressed in human brain (and possibly MAGE-A1, MAGE-A8, and MAGE-A9).
403 23811402 We expressed an unmodified melanoma antigen, mouse tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2), in mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV).
404 23811402 In addition, depletion of CD4 and CD8 T cells did not compromise the antitumor effect by MCMV-TRP2; while in B cell deficient (μMT) mice, the vaccine lost its antitumor effect.
405 23833682 These cells express differential amounts of various melanoma associated antigens such as MART-1, gp100 (Pmel17), MAGE-A1 and tyrosinase as well a cell surface antigens essential for melanoma cell metastasis, such as CD146 and CD71.
406 24314011 Fusion of Hsp70 to Mage-a1 enhances the potency of vaccine-specific immune responses.
407 24795357 We have shown that a vaccine based on alphavirus replicon particles (VRP) activates strong cellular and humoral immunity to tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP2) melanoma antigen, providing prophylactic and therapeutic effects in stringent mouse models.
408 24795357 Here, we report that the immunogenicity and efficacy of this vaccine is increased in combination with either antagonist anti-CTL antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or agonist anti-glucocorticoid-induced TNF family-related gene (GITR) immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies (mAb).
409 24795357 These mAbs had similar adjuvant effects in priming an adaptive immune response against the vaccine-encoded antigen, augmenting, respectively, approximately 4- and 2-fold the TRP2-specific CD8(+) T-cell response and circulating Abs, compared with the vaccine alone.
410 24795357 Furthermore, while both mAbs increased the frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, anti-CTLA-4 mAb also increased the quantity of intratumor CD4(+)Foxp3(-) T cells expressing the negative costimulatory molecule programmed death-1 (PD-1).
411 24795357 They also indicate that tumor-infiltrating CD4(+)Foxp3(-)PD-1(+) T cells may affect the outcome of immunomodulatory treatments.
412 24825342 Topical rather than intradermal application of the TLR7 ligand imiquimod leads to human dermal dendritic cell maturation and CD8+ T-cell cross-priming.
413 24825342 Moreover, Aldara-treated DCs showed highest levels of the costimulatory molecules CD86, CD83, CD40, and CD70.
414 24825342 When combined with intradermal peptide vaccination, Aldara-stimulated DCs showed enhanced cross-presentation of the melanoma antigen MART-1, which resulted in increased priming and activation of MART-1-specific CD8(+) T cells.
415 25483651 MAGED4B, a melanoma antigen, is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and this expression promotes proliferation and cell migration.
416 25483651 In this study, we have identified 9 short peptides derived from MAGED4B protein that are restricted in binding to the HLA subtypes common in the Asian population (HLA-A2, A11, and A24).
417 25483651 The peptides had good binding affinity with the MHC-Class I molecules and stimulated ex-vivo IFN-gamma and Granzyme-B production in blood samples from OSCC patients, suggesting that they are immunogenic.
418 25965393 Monocytes were directly induced to self-differentiate into DCs (SmartDC-TRP2) upon transduction with a tricistronic LV encoding for cytokines (granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4)) and a melanoma antigen (tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2)).
419 25986000 Melanoma antigen A3 (MAGE-A3) is a member of the MAGE family of tumor antigens and a relevant candidate for use in cancer immunotherapy.
420 25986000 In the early phases of development, the designed primers and probe were not able to distinguish between MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A6.
421 25986000 To ensure the specificity for MAGE-A3 over MAGE-A6, our strategy was to use a 5'-nuclease probe (or hydrolysis probe).
422 26049546 Following short-term (14 d) culture activation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 microbeads and expansion in low concentrations of IL-2, the melanoma-draining lymph node (MDLN) cells were ∼ 60% CD4-activated and ∼ 40% CD8-activated T cells.
423 26049546 The activated MDLN cells demonstrated reactivity in response to overlapping peptides spanning the sequence of 4 different known melanoma antigens MAGEA1, Melan-A/MART-1, NY-ESO-1, and Prame/OIP4, suggesting the presence of melanoma-specific T cells.
424 26049546 Although prior human studies have demonstrated the immune responses within melanoma vaccine-draining lymph nodes, this study presents evidence for the first time that naturally occurring human MDLN samples contain melanoma-experienced CD4 and CD8 T cells that can be readily cultured and expanded to mediate protective immune responses both in vitro and in vivo in a human melanoma xenograft model.
425 26105625 A phase I trial combining decitabine/dendritic cell vaccine targeting MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 for children with relapsed or therapy-refractory neuroblastoma and sarcoma.
426 26105625 Antigen-specific immunotherapy was studied in a multi-institutional phase 1/2 study by combining decitabine (DAC) followed by an autologous dendritic cell (DC)/MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.
427 26105625 Patients aged 2.5-15 years with relapsed neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were eligible to receive DAC followed by DC pulsed with overlapping peptides derived from full-length MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1.
428 26105625 Six of nine patients developed a response to MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or NY-ESO-1 peptides post-vaccine.
429 26105625 A phase I trial combining decitabine/dendritic cell vaccine targeting MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 for children with relapsed or therapy-refractory neuroblastoma and sarcoma.
430 26105625 Antigen-specific immunotherapy was studied in a multi-institutional phase 1/2 study by combining decitabine (DAC) followed by an autologous dendritic cell (DC)/MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.
431 26105625 Patients aged 2.5-15 years with relapsed neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were eligible to receive DAC followed by DC pulsed with overlapping peptides derived from full-length MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1.
432 26105625 Six of nine patients developed a response to MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or NY-ESO-1 peptides post-vaccine.
433 26105625 A phase I trial combining decitabine/dendritic cell vaccine targeting MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 for children with relapsed or therapy-refractory neuroblastoma and sarcoma.
434 26105625 Antigen-specific immunotherapy was studied in a multi-institutional phase 1/2 study by combining decitabine (DAC) followed by an autologous dendritic cell (DC)/MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.
435 26105625 Patients aged 2.5-15 years with relapsed neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were eligible to receive DAC followed by DC pulsed with overlapping peptides derived from full-length MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1.
436 26105625 Six of nine patients developed a response to MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or NY-ESO-1 peptides post-vaccine.
437 26105625 A phase I trial combining decitabine/dendritic cell vaccine targeting MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 for children with relapsed or therapy-refractory neuroblastoma and sarcoma.
438 26105625 Antigen-specific immunotherapy was studied in a multi-institutional phase 1/2 study by combining decitabine (DAC) followed by an autologous dendritic cell (DC)/MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1 peptide vaccine in children with relapsed/refractory solid tumors.
439 26105625 Patients aged 2.5-15 years with relapsed neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were eligible to receive DAC followed by DC pulsed with overlapping peptides derived from full-length MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 and NY-ESO-1.
440 26105625 Six of nine patients developed a response to MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3 or NY-ESO-1 peptides post-vaccine.