Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: PAM

Gene name: peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase

HGNC ID: 8596

Synonyms: PAL, PHM

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	CCL2	1 hits
2	CD8A	1 hits
3	CSK	1 hits
4	ERBB2	1 hits
5	GZMB	1 hits
6	IFNG	1 hits
7	IL10	1 hits
8	IL1B	1 hits
9	IL2	1 hits
10	IL6	1 hits
11	IL8	1 hits
12	SOCS1	1 hits
13	SOCS3	1 hits
14	TLR2	1 hits
15	TLR3	1 hits
16	TLR9	1 hits
17	TNF	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	15185348	Modulation by factors that affect T-cell function or hematopoiesis, including interleukin-12, interleukin-15, interleukin-18, interleukin-23, Eta-1, Flt3L and GM-CSF, was studied in the forms of monocistronic and bicistronic plasmid.
2	15185348	Our results demonstrated that vaccination of pHM could induce successful antitumor immunity against Her-2/neu-expressing murine tumor cells in BALB/c mice.
3	15185348	In particular, coexpression of interleukin-18 or GM-CSF with Her-2/neu increased antitumor activity in both preventive and therapeutic experiments.
4	16988256	Because it is known that SOCS are induced by IL-10 and that B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins most likely interact via TLR2 or the heterodimers TLR2/1 and/or TLR2/6, we hypothesized that SOCS are induced by IL-10 and B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins in macrophages and that SOCS may mediate the inhibition by IL-10 of concomitantly elicited cytokines.
5	16988256	We report here that mouse J774 macrophages incubated with IL-10 and added B. burgdorferi spirochetes (freeze-thawed, live, or sonicated) or lipidated outer surface protein A (L-OspA) augmented their SOCS1/SOCS3 mRNA and protein expression, with SOCS3 being more abundant.
6	16988256	Pam(3)Cys, a synthetic lipopeptide, also induced SOCS1/SOCS3 expression under these conditions, but unlipidated OspA was ineffective.
7	16988256	Neither endogenous IL-10 nor the translation inhibitor cycloheximide blocked SOCS1/SOCS3 induction by B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins, indicating that the expression of other genes is not required.
8	16988256	This temporally correlated with the IL-10-mediated inhibition of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
9	16988256	Our data are evidence to suggest that expression of SOCS is part of the mechanism of IL-10-mediated inhibition of inflammatory cytokines elicited by B. burgdorferi and its lipoproteins.
10	19027958	Chirality of TLR-2 ligand Pam3CysSK4 in fully synthetic peptide conjugates critically influences the induction of specific CD8+ T-cells.
11	19027958	In the current study we have investigated the behaviour of two diastereomers of the TLR-2 ligand Pam(3)CSK(4) (Pam) derivatives, namely the R- and S-epimers at C-2 of the glycerol moiety.
12	19027958	In summary we show that the favourable effects of the Pam(R)-configuration of TLR-2 ligand can be attributed to direct effects on dendritic cells resulting in enhancement of CD8(+) T-cell responses.
13	19027958	Chirality of TLR-2 ligand Pam3CysSK4 in fully synthetic peptide conjugates critically influences the induction of specific CD8+ T-cells.
14	19027958	In the current study we have investigated the behaviour of two diastereomers of the TLR-2 ligand Pam(3)CSK(4) (Pam) derivatives, namely the R- and S-epimers at C-2 of the glycerol moiety.
15	19027958	In summary we show that the favourable effects of the Pam(R)-configuration of TLR-2 ligand can be attributed to direct effects on dendritic cells resulting in enhancement of CD8(+) T-cell responses.
16	19109135	Activated human neonatal CD8+ T cells are subject to immunomodulation by direct TLR2 or TLR5 stimulation.
17	19109135	In concert with TCR stimulation, only Pam(3)Cys (palmitoyl-3-Cys-Ser-(Lys)(4)) and flagellin monomers significantly enhanced proliferation, CD25(+) expression, IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and intracellular granzyme B expression.
18	19109135	TLR2 and TLR5 mRNA was detected in the CD8(+) T cells.
19	19109135	Blocking studies confirmed that the increase in IFN-gamma production was by the direct triggering of surface TLR2 or TLR5.
20	19109135	The simultaneous exposure of CD8(+) T cells to both TLR agonists had an additive effect on IFN-gamma production.
21	19273561	These two beta-glucans failed to stimulate TNF-alpha in Dectin-1 (beta-glucan receptor) knockout BMDCs.
22	19273561	The upregulation of TNF-alpha and downregulation of IL-12p70 required Dectin-1, but not IL-10.
23	19273561	Finally, costimulation of BMDCs with YGPs and either the TLR9 ligand, CpG, or the TLR2/1 ligand, Pam(3)CSK(4), resulted in upregulated secretion of IL-1alpha and IL-10 and downregulated secretion of IL-1beta, IL-6, and IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 but had no significant effects on IL-12p40, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, or macrophage inflammatory protein alpha, compared with the TLR ligand alone.
24	19694614	Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) agonist, Pam(3)Cys, was synthesized and coupled to CM-TMC through a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer.
25	19694614	In vitro studies using phorbol 12-myristyl 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated macrophage-like THP-1 (mTHP-1) cells were focused on cytotoxicity of both polymers and particles, and their potential to stimulate IL-8 release via the TLR-2 pathway.
26	20445007	The current studies used the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist palmitoyl(3)-cysteine-serine-lysine(4) (PAM) or the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate human whole blood and determine whether postponing the addition of the GC dexamethasone (DEX) limits its ability to decrease cytokine production.
27	20445007	Twenty-four hours after stimulation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, and IL-8 levels were measured, in addition to the cytokine inhibitors IL-1 soluble receptor II (SRII), IL-1 receptor antagonist, and TNF SRII.
28	20445007	PAM stimulation also induced IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.
29	20445007	Delaying the addition of DEX until 6 h after LPS stimulation failed to decrease TNF or IL-6.
30	20445007	In contrast, delayed DEX addition significantly suppressed PAM-induced IL-1beta, IL-6, or IL-8 and also suppressed LPS-induced IL-1beta and IL-8.
31	20445007	The current studies used the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist palmitoyl(3)-cysteine-serine-lysine(4) (PAM) or the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate human whole blood and determine whether postponing the addition of the GC dexamethasone (DEX) limits its ability to decrease cytokine production.
32	20445007	Twenty-four hours after stimulation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, and IL-8 levels were measured, in addition to the cytokine inhibitors IL-1 soluble receptor II (SRII), IL-1 receptor antagonist, and TNF SRII.
33	20445007	PAM stimulation also induced IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8.
34	20445007	Delaying the addition of DEX until 6 h after LPS stimulation failed to decrease TNF or IL-6.
35	20445007	In contrast, delayed DEX addition significantly suppressed PAM-induced IL-1beta, IL-6, or IL-8 and also suppressed LPS-induced IL-1beta and IL-8.
36	21056473	In this study we investigate the feasibility of generating self-adjuvanting vaccines capable of inducing high titre antibody responses following the covalent attachment of the TLR2 agonist Pam(2)Cys to intact proteins.
37	24534144	Endosomal TLRs, TLR3, TLR7/8, and TLR9 are involved in antiviral responses by promoting the production of antiviral cytokines such as type I interferons.
38	24534144	The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of TLR3, TLR7 and TLR9 in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) infected with different genotype 1 PRRSV strains previously sequenced and characterized by their ability to induce TNF-α: 3262 (TNF-α inducer), 3267 (TNF-α not inducer) and an attenuated vaccine strain (strain Deventer, PorcilisPRRS, Merck) that replicates scarcely in PAM.
39	24534144	Thus, in PAM infected with PRRSV strain 3262 the proportion of TLR3+ cells significantly increased from 24h compared with the controls; in contrast strain 3267 resulted in a lower proportion of TLR3+ PAM.
40	25610736	Aiming to increase the potency of synthetic long peptide (SLP)-based cancer vaccines, the Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) ligand Pam₃CSK₄ was conjugated in a chemically defined fashion to SLPs harbouring both cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and T helper epitopes.