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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
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2 |
9284116
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Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
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3 |
9284116
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SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
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4 |
9284116
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In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
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5 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
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6 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
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7 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
|
8 |
9284116
|
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
|
9 |
9284116
|
SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
|
10 |
9284116
|
In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
|
11 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
|
12 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
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13 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
|
14 |
9284116
|
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
|
15 |
9284116
|
SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
|
16 |
9284116
|
In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
|
17 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
|
18 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
|
19 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
|
20 |
9284116
|
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
|
21 |
9284116
|
SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
|
22 |
9284116
|
In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
|
23 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
|
24 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
|
25 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
|
26 |
9284116
|
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
|
27 |
9284116
|
SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
|
28 |
9284116
|
In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
|
29 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
|
30 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
|
31 |
9284116
|
Disruption of each of the secreted aspartyl proteinase genes SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 of Candida albicans attenuates virulence.
|
32 |
9284116
|
Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps), encoded by a gene family with at least nine members (SAP1 to SAP9), are one of the most discussed virulence factors produced by the human pathogen Candida albicans.
|
33 |
9284116
|
SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3, which are regulated differentially in vitro, were mutated by targeted gene disruption.
|
34 |
9284116
|
In medium with protein as the sole source of nitrogen, sap1 and sap3 mutants grew with reduced growth rates but reached optical densities similar to those measured for SC5314.
|
35 |
9284116
|
When sap1, sap2, and sap3 mutants were injected intravenously in guinea pigs and mice, the animals had increased survival rates compared to those of control animals infected with SC5314.
|
36 |
9284116
|
These data suggest that SAP1, SAP2, and SAP3 all contribute to the overall virulence of C. albicans and presumably all play important roles during disseminated infections.
|
37 |
24827907
|
We previously generated a genetically attenuated parasite (GAP) by deleting the P52 and P36 genes in the NF54 wild-type (WT) strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP).
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38 |
24827907
|
Preclinical assessment of p52(-)/p36(-) GAP in a humanized mouse model indicated an early and severe liver stage growth defect.
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39 |
24827907
|
However, human exposure to >200 Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP-infected mosquito bites in a safety trial resulted in peripheral parasitemia in one of six volunteers, revealing that this GAP was incompletely attenuated.
|
40 |
24827907
|
We have now created a triple gene deleted GAP by additionally removing the SAP1 gene (Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP) and employed flippase (FLP)/flippase recognition target (FRT) recombination for drug selectable marker cassette removal.
|
41 |
24827907
|
Using an improved humanized mouse model transplanted with human hepatocytes and human red blood cells, we show that despite a high-dose sporozoite challenge, Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP did not transition to blood stage infection and appeared to be completely attenuated.
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42 |
24827907
|
Thus, clinical testing of Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP assessing safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy against sporozoite challenge is warranted.
|
43 |
24827907
|
We previously generated a genetically attenuated parasite (GAP) by deleting the P52 and P36 genes in the NF54 wild-type (WT) strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP).
|
44 |
24827907
|
Preclinical assessment of p52(-)/p36(-) GAP in a humanized mouse model indicated an early and severe liver stage growth defect.
|
45 |
24827907
|
However, human exposure to >200 Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP-infected mosquito bites in a safety trial resulted in peripheral parasitemia in one of six volunteers, revealing that this GAP was incompletely attenuated.
|
46 |
24827907
|
We have now created a triple gene deleted GAP by additionally removing the SAP1 gene (Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP) and employed flippase (FLP)/flippase recognition target (FRT) recombination for drug selectable marker cassette removal.
|
47 |
24827907
|
Using an improved humanized mouse model transplanted with human hepatocytes and human red blood cells, we show that despite a high-dose sporozoite challenge, Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP did not transition to blood stage infection and appeared to be completely attenuated.
|
48 |
24827907
|
Thus, clinical testing of Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP assessing safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy against sporozoite challenge is warranted.
|
49 |
24827907
|
We previously generated a genetically attenuated parasite (GAP) by deleting the P52 and P36 genes in the NF54 wild-type (WT) strain of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP).
|
50 |
24827907
|
Preclinical assessment of p52(-)/p36(-) GAP in a humanized mouse model indicated an early and severe liver stage growth defect.
|
51 |
24827907
|
However, human exposure to >200 Pf p52(-)/p36(-) GAP-infected mosquito bites in a safety trial resulted in peripheral parasitemia in one of six volunteers, revealing that this GAP was incompletely attenuated.
|
52 |
24827907
|
We have now created a triple gene deleted GAP by additionally removing the SAP1 gene (Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP) and employed flippase (FLP)/flippase recognition target (FRT) recombination for drug selectable marker cassette removal.
|
53 |
24827907
|
Using an improved humanized mouse model transplanted with human hepatocytes and human red blood cells, we show that despite a high-dose sporozoite challenge, Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP did not transition to blood stage infection and appeared to be completely attenuated.
|
54 |
24827907
|
Thus, clinical testing of Pf p52(-)/p36(-)/sap1(-) GAP assessing safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy against sporozoite challenge is warranted.
|