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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
11369873
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Humoral and CD4(+) T helper (Th) cell responses to the hepatitis C virus non-structural 3 (NS3) protein: NS3 primes Th1-like responses more effectively as a DNA-based immunogen than as a recombinant protein.
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2 |
11369873
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The non-structural 3 (NS3) protein is one of the most conserved proteins of hepatitis C virus, and T helper 1 (Th1)-like responses to NS3 in humans correlate with clearance of infection.
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11369873
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Inbred mice were immunized twice in regenerating tibialis anterior (TA) muscles with either plasmid DNA or recombinant NS3 (rNS3).
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4 |
11369873
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NS3-specific CD4(+) T cell responses in DNA-immunized mice peaked at day 13, as measured by proliferation and IL-2 and IFN-gamma production.
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5 |
11369873
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CD4(+) T cell responses in these mice showed peaks of IL-2 response at day 3 and IL-6 and IFN-gamma responses at day 6.
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6 |
11369873
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However, as a DNA immunogen, NS3 elicits stronger Th1-like immune responses, whereas rNS3 primes a mixed Th1/Th2-like response regardless of the route, dose or adjuvant.
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7 |
11378044
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Markers that correlate with specific bladder biopsy features include 1,4-methylimidazole acetic acid and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), which correlate with mast cell density, and interleukin (IL)-6, which correlates with mononuclear inflammation.
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8 |
11378044
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Markers that changed after treatment were as follows: (1) nitric oxide synthase and cyclic guanosine monophosphate increased with oral L-arginine; (2) ECP decreased with subcutaneous heparin; (3) prostaglandin E(2) and kallikrein decreased after bladder distention; (4) neutrophil chemotactic activity decreased after dimethyl sulfoxide; (5) IL-2 inhibitor decreased after oral nifedipine; (6) IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 decreased after bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine; and (7) APF and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor changed to or toward normal levels after bladder distention or sacral nerve stimulation.
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9 |
11378044
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Markers that correlate with specific bladder biopsy features include 1,4-methylimidazole acetic acid and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), which correlate with mast cell density, and interleukin (IL)-6, which correlates with mononuclear inflammation.
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10 |
11378044
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Markers that changed after treatment were as follows: (1) nitric oxide synthase and cyclic guanosine monophosphate increased with oral L-arginine; (2) ECP decreased with subcutaneous heparin; (3) prostaglandin E(2) and kallikrein decreased after bladder distention; (4) neutrophil chemotactic activity decreased after dimethyl sulfoxide; (5) IL-2 inhibitor decreased after oral nifedipine; (6) IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 decreased after bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine; and (7) APF and heparin-binding epidermal growth factor changed to or toward normal levels after bladder distention or sacral nerve stimulation.
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11 |
15166438
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Mice were immunized intramuscularly with free recombinant hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 (non-structural protein 3) protein, liposomes encapsulating rNS3 or rNS3 and CpG mixture, liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and CpG or liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and GpC.
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12 |
15166438
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Liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and GpC also induced high levels of anti-HCV NS3 IgG antibody, but the dominant IgG subtype was still IgG1, the same as in free HCV/NS3 immunized mice.
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13 |
15166438
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Mice were immunized intramuscularly with free recombinant hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 (non-structural protein 3) protein, liposomes encapsulating rNS3 or rNS3 and CpG mixture, liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and CpG or liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and GpC.
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14 |
15166438
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Liposomes co-encapsulating rNS3 and GpC also induced high levels of anti-HCV NS3 IgG antibody, but the dominant IgG subtype was still IgG1, the same as in free HCV/NS3 immunized mice.
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15 |
16682480
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Before treatment, S. mansoni infection intensity was positively correlated with 24-h boosts in plasma interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-6 levels, which were in turn negatively correlated with the posttreatment fall in eosinophil numbers.
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16 |
16682480
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Significant correlations were observed between pretreatment infection intensities and plasma IL-10 and eotaxin levels.
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17 |
16682480
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Treatment induced significant fluctuations in plasma IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and eotaxin levels.
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18 |
16682480
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Optimal relative release of ECP and EPX in vitro was detected in S. mansoni soluble egg antigen-stimulated cultures during transient eosinopenia.
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19 |
16682480
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Our data suggest that blood eosinophils are activated during S. mansoni infection and that treatment induces a burst in released antigens, causing increased production of IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and eotaxin; a drop in TNF-alpha levels; and a transient sequestration of eosinophils, which leaves fewer degranulated eosinophils in the circulation 24 h posttreatment, followed by the development of eosinophilia 3 weeks later.
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16817764
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The aim of this study was to explore the vaccine potential of DC transduced with adenoviral vectors encoding the HCV nonstructural protein 3 (AdNS3) compared to DC pulsed with recombinant NS3 (rNS3).
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21 |
16817764
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In both strains of mice inoculated with DC transduced with an adenovirus, the generated NS3 specific antibody response and IFN-gamma-secreting T cell response were stronger than that generated by rNS3-pulsed DC.
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22 |
16817764
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DC transduced with AdNS3 are superior to DC pulsed with rNS3 in inducing vigorous humoral and Th1-type cellular responses against NS3.
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23 |
16817764
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The aim of this study was to explore the vaccine potential of DC transduced with adenoviral vectors encoding the HCV nonstructural protein 3 (AdNS3) compared to DC pulsed with recombinant NS3 (rNS3).
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24 |
16817764
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In both strains of mice inoculated with DC transduced with an adenovirus, the generated NS3 specific antibody response and IFN-gamma-secreting T cell response were stronger than that generated by rNS3-pulsed DC.
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25 |
16817764
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DC transduced with AdNS3 are superior to DC pulsed with rNS3 in inducing vigorous humoral and Th1-type cellular responses against NS3.
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26 |
16817764
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The aim of this study was to explore the vaccine potential of DC transduced with adenoviral vectors encoding the HCV nonstructural protein 3 (AdNS3) compared to DC pulsed with recombinant NS3 (rNS3).
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27 |
16817764
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In both strains of mice inoculated with DC transduced with an adenovirus, the generated NS3 specific antibody response and IFN-gamma-secreting T cell response were stronger than that generated by rNS3-pulsed DC.
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28 |
16817764
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DC transduced with AdNS3 are superior to DC pulsed with rNS3 in inducing vigorous humoral and Th1-type cellular responses against NS3.
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29 |
16921881
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One hundred and ninety-one sera from horses that recently were exposed to West Nile virus (WNV) by either vaccination or natural infection or that were not vaccinated and remained free of infection were used to evaluate fluorescent microsphere immunoassays (MIAs) incorporating recombinant WNV envelope protein (rE) and recombinant nonstructural proteins (rNS1, rNS3, and rNS5) for detection of equine antibodies to WNV.
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16921881
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The NS protein-based MIA were all less sensitive than either the rE MIA or PRNT (sensitivity 0-48.0), although the rNSI MIA distinguished horses vaccinated with the recombinant WNV vaccine from those that were immunized with the inactivated WNV vaccine (P < 0.0001) or naturally infected with WNV (P < 0.0001).
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31 |
17451465
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Mice were immunized with recombinant NS3 protein (rNS3) and poly (I:C) emulsified in Montanide ISA 720 (M720).
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32 |
17451465
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Cytokine production was assayed by enzyme-linked immunospot assay, and CD4(+) IFN-gamma(+) T helper (Th) cells or CD8(+) IFN-gamma(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry.
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33 |
17451465
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The cytokine profiles showed that this formulation induced a Th1-biased immune response with several-fold more interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing cells than interleukin-4-producing cells.
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34 |
17451465
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The frequency of IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells induced by rNS3 in poly (I:C) and M720 was significantly higher than that induced by rNS3, rNS3 in M720, or rNS3 in poly (I:C), and was comparable to that induced by rNS3 in CpG-ODN with M720.
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26386193
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According to the results, the five ECP spots were identified as Maltoporine, protein homologous to Metal dependent phosphohydrolase, two porins isoforms of V. harveyi and a protein homologous to the cell division protein FtsH.
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36 |
26386193
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Reactive proteins in the OMP fraction were identified as the protein 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase and a protein homologous to acid phosphatase.
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