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10525448
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Interleukin (IL)-18 is a newly discovered cytokine, structurally similar to IL-1, with profound effects on T-cell activation.
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10525448
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Formerly called interferon (IFN) gamma inducing factor (IGIF), IL-18 is the new name of a novel cytokine that plays an important role in the T-cell-helper type 1 (Th1) response, primarily by its ability to induce IFNgamma production in T cells and natural killer (NK) cells.
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10525448
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Mice deficient in IL-18 have suppressed IFNgamma production despite the presence of IL-12 IL-18 is related to the IL-1 family in terms of structure, receptor family, and function.
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10525448
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In terms of structure, IL-18 and IL-1beta share primary amino acid sequences of the so-called "signature sequence" motif and are similarly folded as all-beta pleated sheet molecules.
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10525448
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Also similar to IL-1beta, IL-18 is synthesized as a biologically inactive precursor molecule lacking a signal peptide which requires cleavage into an active, mature molecule by the intracellular cysteine protease called IL-1beta-converting enzyme (ICE, also called caspase-1).
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10525448
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The activity of mature IL-18 is closely related to that of IL-1.
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10525448
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IL-18 induces gene expression and synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, Fas ligand, and several chemokines.
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10525448
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This IL-18R complex is made up of a binding chain termed IL-18Ralpha, a member of the IL-1 receptor family previously identified as the IL-1 receptor-related protein (IL-1Rrp), and a signaling chain, also a member of the IL-1R family.
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10525448
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The IL-18R complex recruits the IL-1R-activating kinase (IRAK) and TNFR-associated factor-6 (TRAF-6) which phosphorylates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-inducing kinase (NIK) with subsequent activation of NFkappaB.
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10525448
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Thus on the basis of primary structure, three-dimensional structure, receptor family, signal transduction pathways and biological effects, IL-18 appears to be a new member of the IL-1 family.
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10525448
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Similar to IL-1, IL-18 participates in both innate and acquired immunity.
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16750567
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Besides TLRs, mRNA for MyD88 and TRAF6, and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB were enhanced that indicate their involvement in tandem in the activity of porin.
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13 |
16750567
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The protein selectively up-regulated CD80 on the activated MPhi together with MHC class II molecule and CD40, and had no effect on CD86 expression.
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14 |
16750567
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The porin-induced profile of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES showed strong bias for chemokines correlated with M1 polarization.
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16750567
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Intracellular expression and release of TNF-alpha and IL-12 in presence of porin was found to be TLR2 and NF-kappaB dependent.
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16 |
16750567
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Induction of TNF-alpha and IL-12 along with the chemokine profile suggests type I polarization of the MPhi that would influence Th1-type response.
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17570527
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HlyA oligomer-treated murine B-1a cells up-regulated TLR2 and involved the signaling molecules MyD88, TRAF6 and NF-kappaB.
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18 |
17570527
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Apoptosis was detected in majority of the monomer-treated cells that involved caspase-9 and caspase-3.
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19494812
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Here we show that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an adaptor protein in the TNF-receptor and interleukin-1R/Toll-like receptor superfamily, regulates CD8 T(M)-cell development after infection by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
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19494812
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We show that mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of TRAF6 mount robust CD8 T(E)-cell responses, but have a profound defect in their ability to generate T(M) cells that is characterized by the disappearance of antigen-specific cells in the weeks after primary immunization.
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19494812
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Microarray analyses revealed that TRAF6-deficient CD8 T cells exhibit altered expression of genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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19494812
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Consistent with this, activated CD8 T cells lacking TRAF6 display defective AMP-activated kinase activation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to growth factor withdrawal.
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19494812
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Administration of the anti-diabetic drug metformin restored FAO and CD8 T(M)-cell generation in the absence of TRAF6.
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24 |
19494812
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Here we show that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an adaptor protein in the TNF-receptor and interleukin-1R/Toll-like receptor superfamily, regulates CD8 T(M)-cell development after infection by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
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25 |
19494812
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We show that mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of TRAF6 mount robust CD8 T(E)-cell responses, but have a profound defect in their ability to generate T(M) cells that is characterized by the disappearance of antigen-specific cells in the weeks after primary immunization.
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26 |
19494812
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Microarray analyses revealed that TRAF6-deficient CD8 T cells exhibit altered expression of genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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27 |
19494812
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Consistent with this, activated CD8 T cells lacking TRAF6 display defective AMP-activated kinase activation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to growth factor withdrawal.
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28 |
19494812
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Administration of the anti-diabetic drug metformin restored FAO and CD8 T(M)-cell generation in the absence of TRAF6.
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29 |
19494812
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Here we show that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an adaptor protein in the TNF-receptor and interleukin-1R/Toll-like receptor superfamily, regulates CD8 T(M)-cell development after infection by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
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30 |
19494812
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We show that mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of TRAF6 mount robust CD8 T(E)-cell responses, but have a profound defect in their ability to generate T(M) cells that is characterized by the disappearance of antigen-specific cells in the weeks after primary immunization.
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31 |
19494812
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Microarray analyses revealed that TRAF6-deficient CD8 T cells exhibit altered expression of genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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32 |
19494812
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Consistent with this, activated CD8 T cells lacking TRAF6 display defective AMP-activated kinase activation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to growth factor withdrawal.
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33 |
19494812
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Administration of the anti-diabetic drug metformin restored FAO and CD8 T(M)-cell generation in the absence of TRAF6.
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34 |
19494812
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Here we show that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an adaptor protein in the TNF-receptor and interleukin-1R/Toll-like receptor superfamily, regulates CD8 T(M)-cell development after infection by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
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35 |
19494812
|
We show that mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of TRAF6 mount robust CD8 T(E)-cell responses, but have a profound defect in their ability to generate T(M) cells that is characterized by the disappearance of antigen-specific cells in the weeks after primary immunization.
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36 |
19494812
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Microarray analyses revealed that TRAF6-deficient CD8 T cells exhibit altered expression of genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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37 |
19494812
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Consistent with this, activated CD8 T cells lacking TRAF6 display defective AMP-activated kinase activation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to growth factor withdrawal.
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38 |
19494812
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Administration of the anti-diabetic drug metformin restored FAO and CD8 T(M)-cell generation in the absence of TRAF6.
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39 |
19494812
|
Here we show that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an adaptor protein in the TNF-receptor and interleukin-1R/Toll-like receptor superfamily, regulates CD8 T(M)-cell development after infection by modulating fatty acid metabolism.
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40 |
19494812
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We show that mice with a T-cell-specific deletion of TRAF6 mount robust CD8 T(E)-cell responses, but have a profound defect in their ability to generate T(M) cells that is characterized by the disappearance of antigen-specific cells in the weeks after primary immunization.
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41 |
19494812
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Microarray analyses revealed that TRAF6-deficient CD8 T cells exhibit altered expression of genes that regulate fatty acid metabolism.
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42 |
19494812
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Consistent with this, activated CD8 T cells lacking TRAF6 display defective AMP-activated kinase activation and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in response to growth factor withdrawal.
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43 |
19494812
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Administration of the anti-diabetic drug metformin restored FAO and CD8 T(M)-cell generation in the absence of TRAF6.
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44 |
19776194
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Upregulation of a tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducing factor homolog in challenged chickens compared to naïve chickens was observed, regardless of the incidence of necrotic enteritis.
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45 |
19776194
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In addition, the members of the TLR2 subfamily were found to be most strongly involved in the host response to C. perfringens challenge, although the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 was also upregulated in spleen tissues.
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46 |
19776194
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While the combination of TLR1.2, TLR2.1, and TLR15 appeared to play a major role in the splenic response, the expression of TLR2.2 and TLR1.1 was positively correlated to the expression of adaptor molecules MyD88, TRAF6, TRIF, and receptor interacting protein 1 in the ileal tissues, demonstrating a dynamic spatial and temporal innate host response to C. perfringens.
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23533581
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Involvement of DNA-PKcs in the IL-6 and IL-12 response to CpG-ODN is mediated by its interaction with TRAF6 in dendritic cells.
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48 |
23533581
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CpG-ODN activates the TLR9/MyD88/TRAF6 cascade leading to activation of IKK-NF-κB and JNK, which are critical for production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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49 |
23533581
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DNA-PKcs-deficient DCs exhibited a defect in the IL-6 and IL-12 response to CpG-ODN in a dose- and time-dependent manner.
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50 |
23533581
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Loss of DNA-PKcs impaired phosphorylation of IKK, IκBα, NF-κB and JNK in response to CpG-ODN.
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51 |
24376119
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We found HIV-1 transgenic osteoclast precursors (OCP) express higher levels of suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and are resistant to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mediated suppression of osteoclast differentiation.
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24561744
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EV71 infection upregulates miR-146a, which targets IRAK1 and TRAF6 involved in TLR signalling and type I interferon production.
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53 |
24561744
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We further identify AP1 as being responsible for the EV71-induced expression of miR-146a.
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54 |
24561744
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Surprisingly, knocking out miR-146a or neutralizing virus-induced miR-146a by specific antagomiR restores expressions of IRAK1 and TRAF6, augments IFNβ production, inhibits viral propagation and improves survival in the mouse model.
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55 |
24561744
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Our results suggest that enterovirus-induced miR-146a facilitates viral pathogenesis by suppressing IFN production and provide a clue to developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for enterovirus infections.
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56 |
24561744
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EV71 infection upregulates miR-146a, which targets IRAK1 and TRAF6 involved in TLR signalling and type I interferon production.
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57 |
24561744
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We further identify AP1 as being responsible for the EV71-induced expression of miR-146a.
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58 |
24561744
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Surprisingly, knocking out miR-146a or neutralizing virus-induced miR-146a by specific antagomiR restores expressions of IRAK1 and TRAF6, augments IFNβ production, inhibits viral propagation and improves survival in the mouse model.
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59 |
24561744
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Our results suggest that enterovirus-induced miR-146a facilitates viral pathogenesis by suppressing IFN production and provide a clue to developing preventive and therapeutic strategies for enterovirus infections.
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60 |
25449707
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Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is a crucial docking molecule for TNFR superfamily and Interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor (IL-1R/TLR) superfamily.
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25454862
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Further analysis proved that co-stimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80, CD86 and MHC-II), regulatory protein (IRF-7 and TRAF-6) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6 and IL-12) were all changed and involved in DCs maturation.
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