Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: TSHR

Gene name: thyroid stimulating hormone receptor

HGNC ID: 12373

Synonyms: LGR3

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	CD1A	1 hits
2	CD8A	1 hits
3	FOXP1	1 hits
4	GAD2	1 hits
5	HLA-A	1 hits
6	HLA-DRB1	1 hits
7	IDDM2	1 hits
8	IFNG	1 hits
9	IL12A	1 hits
10	IL4	1 hits
11	LAMP3	1 hits
12	TNF	1 hits
13	TPO	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	9073547	Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
2	9073547	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.
3	9073547	We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons.
4	9073547	In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients.
5	9073547	We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid.
6	9073547	We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases.
7	9073547	When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid.
8	9073547	Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA.
9	9073547	In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients.
10	9073547	Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM.
11	11459799	Naked TSH receptor DNA vaccination: A TH1 T cell response in which interferon-gamma production, rather than antibody, dominates the immune response in mice.
12	11459799	Unlike the negative antibody data, splenocytes from TSH receptor-vaccinated (but not Shimojo) mice proliferated and produced the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma in response to TSH receptor antigen.
13	11459799	Naked TSH receptor DNA vaccination: A TH1 T cell response in which interferon-gamma production, rather than antibody, dominates the immune response in mice.
14	11459799	Unlike the negative antibody data, splenocytes from TSH receptor-vaccinated (but not Shimojo) mice proliferated and produced the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma in response to TSH receptor antigen.
15	12481940	Vaccinating mice with DNA encoding the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), the major autoantigen in Graves' disease, induces memory T cells that secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to TSHR antigen.
16	12481940	In initial studies, challenge of splenocytes with TSHR protein induced IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in all three strains of mice.
17	12481940	In summary, we report that TSHR DNA vaccination of BALB/c and NOD.H-2h4 mice, with different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes (I-Ad and I-Ak, respectively), recognize restricted, nonoverlapping TSHR T-cell epitopes, nearly all in the TSHR A subunit.
18	12481940	Vaccinating mice with DNA encoding the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), the major autoantigen in Graves' disease, induces memory T cells that secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to TSHR antigen.
19	12481940	In initial studies, challenge of splenocytes with TSHR protein induced IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in all three strains of mice.
20	12481940	In summary, we report that TSHR DNA vaccination of BALB/c and NOD.H-2h4 mice, with different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes (I-Ad and I-Ak, respectively), recognize restricted, nonoverlapping TSHR T-cell epitopes, nearly all in the TSHR A subunit.
21	12481940	Vaccinating mice with DNA encoding the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), the major autoantigen in Graves' disease, induces memory T cells that secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in response to TSHR antigen.
22	12481940	In initial studies, challenge of splenocytes with TSHR protein induced IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production in all three strains of mice.
23	12481940	In summary, we report that TSHR DNA vaccination of BALB/c and NOD.H-2h4 mice, with different major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes (I-Ad and I-Ak, respectively), recognize restricted, nonoverlapping TSHR T-cell epitopes, nearly all in the TSHR A subunit.
24	12568121	Firstly, BALB/c mice were immunized with cDNAs for G2s and the TSHr, alone or in tandem with cDNAs for interleukin (IL)4 or IL12.
25	12568121	Antibody levels in mice immunized with G2s + TSHr or G2s + IL12 were generally higher than those in mice immunized with G2s only.
26	12568121	TRAb levels were greatest in mice immunized with both G2s and the TSHr in the presence of TL4, but not IL12.
27	12568121	Overall, the greatest histological changes were observed in CD-1 mice immunized with both G2s + TSHr + IL4.
28	12568121	These results indicate that we have established a valid model for human ophthalmopathy using the novel thyroid and eye muscle expressed protein G2s, now recognized as a fragment of the winged-helix transcription factor Foxp1, and TSHr, and that G2s and the TSHr are both primary antigens in TAO.
29	12568121	Firstly, BALB/c mice were immunized with cDNAs for G2s and the TSHr, alone or in tandem with cDNAs for interleukin (IL)4 or IL12.
30	12568121	Antibody levels in mice immunized with G2s + TSHr or G2s + IL12 were generally higher than those in mice immunized with G2s only.
31	12568121	TRAb levels were greatest in mice immunized with both G2s and the TSHr in the presence of TL4, but not IL12.
32	12568121	Overall, the greatest histological changes were observed in CD-1 mice immunized with both G2s + TSHr + IL4.
33	12568121	These results indicate that we have established a valid model for human ophthalmopathy using the novel thyroid and eye muscle expressed protein G2s, now recognized as a fragment of the winged-helix transcription factor Foxp1, and TSHr, and that G2s and the TSHr are both primary antigens in TAO.
34	12568121	Firstly, BALB/c mice were immunized with cDNAs for G2s and the TSHr, alone or in tandem with cDNAs for interleukin (IL)4 or IL12.
35	12568121	Antibody levels in mice immunized with G2s + TSHr or G2s + IL12 were generally higher than those in mice immunized with G2s only.
36	12568121	TRAb levels were greatest in mice immunized with both G2s and the TSHr in the presence of TL4, but not IL12.
37	12568121	Overall, the greatest histological changes were observed in CD-1 mice immunized with both G2s + TSHr + IL4.
38	12568121	These results indicate that we have established a valid model for human ophthalmopathy using the novel thyroid and eye muscle expressed protein G2s, now recognized as a fragment of the winged-helix transcription factor Foxp1, and TSHr, and that G2s and the TSHr are both primary antigens in TAO.
39	12568121	Firstly, BALB/c mice were immunized with cDNAs for G2s and the TSHr, alone or in tandem with cDNAs for interleukin (IL)4 or IL12.
40	12568121	Antibody levels in mice immunized with G2s + TSHr or G2s + IL12 were generally higher than those in mice immunized with G2s only.
41	12568121	TRAb levels were greatest in mice immunized with both G2s and the TSHr in the presence of TL4, but not IL12.
42	12568121	Overall, the greatest histological changes were observed in CD-1 mice immunized with both G2s + TSHr + IL4.
43	12568121	These results indicate that we have established a valid model for human ophthalmopathy using the novel thyroid and eye muscle expressed protein G2s, now recognized as a fragment of the winged-helix transcription factor Foxp1, and TSHr, and that G2s and the TSHr are both primary antigens in TAO.
44	12568121	Firstly, BALB/c mice were immunized with cDNAs for G2s and the TSHr, alone or in tandem with cDNAs for interleukin (IL)4 or IL12.
45	12568121	Antibody levels in mice immunized with G2s + TSHr or G2s + IL12 were generally higher than those in mice immunized with G2s only.
46	12568121	TRAb levels were greatest in mice immunized with both G2s and the TSHr in the presence of TL4, but not IL12.
47	12568121	Overall, the greatest histological changes were observed in CD-1 mice immunized with both G2s + TSHr + IL4.
48	12568121	These results indicate that we have established a valid model for human ophthalmopathy using the novel thyroid and eye muscle expressed protein G2s, now recognized as a fragment of the winged-helix transcription factor Foxp1, and TSHr, and that G2s and the TSHr are both primary antigens in TAO.
49	14611699	These data, together with information for other mouse strains, demonstrate that MHC (human and murine) and non-MHC genes contribute to the outcome of TSHR-DNA vaccination and indicate the potential value of DR3 transgenic mice for dissecting immune responses to the TSHR.
50	14678262	Graves' hyperthyroidism and thyroiditis in HLA-DRB1*0301 (DR3) transgenic mice after immunization with thyrotropin receptor DNA.
51	14678262	Two groups of mice were also coimmunized with plasmid DNA for IL-4 or GM-CSF.
52	15123538	Splenocytes from TPO-DNA (not control DNA)-vaccinated mice responded to TPO protein antigen, as measured by interferon-gamma production.
53	15123538	The diversity of TPO T cell epitopes is in striking contrast to the restricted number of TSH receptor (TSHR) peptides (four of 29) recognized by T cells, as is the paucity of antibodies in the same strain of mice vaccinated with TSHR-DNA.
54	15331574	To divert protein expression to lysosomes, we constructed a plasmid with the TSHR ectodomain spliced between the signal peptide and transmembrane-intracellular region of lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1, a lysosome-associated membrane protein.
55	15331574	With each protocol, spleen cells responded to TSHR antigen by secreting interferon-gamma, and 60% or more mice had TSHR antibodies detectable by ELISA.
56	15331574	To divert protein expression to lysosomes, we constructed a plasmid with the TSHR ectodomain spliced between the signal peptide and transmembrane-intracellular region of lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1, a lysosome-associated membrane protein.
57	15331574	With each protocol, spleen cells responded to TSHR antigen by secreting interferon-gamma, and 60% or more mice had TSHR antibodies detectable by ELISA.
58	21235532	B cell depletion before immunization suppressed an increase in serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G levels, TSHR-specific splenocyte secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ, anti-TSHR antibody production and development of hyperthyroidism.