Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: TYRP1

Gene name: tyrosinase-related protein 1

HGNC ID: 12450

Synonyms: GP75, CATB, TRP, b-PROTEIN, OCA3

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ABL2	1 hits
2	ANKRD36B	1 hits
3	CD274	1 hits
4	CD4	1 hits
5	CD8A	1 hits
6	CTSL1	1 hits
7	FCAMR	1 hits
8	IFNG	1 hits
9	JAG1	1 hits
10	MAGEA1	1 hits
11	MLANA	1 hits
12	RANBP2	1 hits
13	SILV	1 hits
14	TRNAP1	1 hits
15	TRNAP2	1 hits
16	TRPC1	1 hits
17	TYR	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	7667256	Untransfected L cells and L cells transfected with tyrosinase-related protein 1, TRP-1(gp75), were nonreactive.
2	7667256	The expression pattern of three melanosome-associated proteins--tyrosinase, TRP-1(gp75), and gp100--in melanoma was also compared.
3	7667256	Tyrosinase and gp100 are expressed in a higher percentage of melanomas than TRP-1(gp75), and the expression of these three antigens was discordant.
4	7667256	Tyrosinase expression within individual tumor specimen is usually homogenous, distinctly different from the commonly observed heterogeneous pattern of gp100 expression.
5	9551926	Recognition of an antigenic peptide derived from tyrosinase-related protein-2 by CTL in the context of HLA-A31 and -A33.
6	9551926	Two T cell epitopes derived from tumor Ags, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, were shown to be recognized by HLA-A31 restricted TIL586 and its T cell clones.
7	9551926	It was found that both peptides were capable of binding to HLA-A3, -A11, -A31, -A33, and -A68 of the HLA-A3 supertype.
8	9692858	To establish a mouse model for the use of these 'self' antigens as targets for anti-tumor immune responses, we have employed the mouse homologues of the human melanoma antigens Tyrosinase, Tyrosinase Related Protein-1 (TRP-1), gp100, and MART-1.
9	9692858	The sera that we generated specifically for TRP-1, gp100, and MART-1 recognized extracts of the spontaneous murine melanoma, B16.
10	9692858	Interestingly, serum samples generated against murine MART-1 and gp100 developed antibodies that were cross-reactive with the corresponding human homologues.
11	9692858	Recognition of human gp100 and murine Tyrosinase appeared to be dependent upon conformational epitopes since specificity was lost upon denaturation of the antigens.
12	9739060	Immunity to the brown locus protein, gp75/ tyrosinase-related protein-1, was investigated in a syngeneic mouse model.
13	9739060	Rejection of tumor challenge required CD4(+) and NK1.1(+) cells and Fc receptor gamma-chain, but depigmentation did not require these components.
14	9764850	To assess antibody responses to potential melanoma/melanocyte autoantigens, the open-reading frame sequences of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, TRP-2, and melanoma-associated glycoprotein antigen family (gp100/pmel17) genes were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins in E. coli.
15	10077623	When we tried to induce immune responses to five mouse melanocyte differentiation antigens, gp100, MART-1, tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related proteins (TRP) 1 and TRP-2, we observed striking depigmentation and melanocyte destruction only in the skin of mice inoculated with a vaccinia virus encoding mouse TRP-1.
16	10570265	To investigate whether this sorting signal could be involved in presentation of melanosome membrane proteins to the immune system, we devised a fusion construct containing the MTS from the mouse brown locus product gp75/tyrosinase-related protein-1 and full-length OVA as a reporter Ag.
17	10667570	Vaccination against murine tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1/gp75 was shown recently to cause melanoma rejection, which was accompanied by autoimmune skin depigmentation (vitiligo).
18	11156402	Tyrosinase-related protein (TRP) 2 belongs to the melanocyte differentiation antigens and has been implicated as a target for immunotherapy of human as well as murine melanoma.
19	11514604	We have previously shown that small B16 melanomas can be successfully treated using a combination of anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 monoclonal antibody with a granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) producing irradiated tumor cell vaccine.
20	11514604	Analysis of the response in successfully treated mice revealed elevated levels of CD8(+) T cells specific for a nonameric peptide consisting of residues 180-188 of the melanocyte differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)2.
21	11514604	There was no evidence of reactivity to the melanocyte antigens gp100, tyrosinase, Mart1/MelanA, or TRP1.
22	11514604	In particular, if mice received a prophylactic vaccine consisting of anti-CTLA-4 and B16-GM-CSF before tumor challenge, full protection was obtained even in the absence of CD8(+) T cells.
23	12496961	Here, we describe a novel, naked DNA vaccine encoding an alphavirus replicon (self-replicating mRNA) and the self/tumor antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1.
24	15520218	Therapeutic effectiveness of recombinant cancer vaccines is associated with a prevalent T-cell receptor alpha usage by melanoma-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes.
25	15520218	To define surrogate end points predictive of the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant vaccines based on melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2, we evaluated several properties of antigen-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes in single mice undergoing either prophylactic or therapeutic immunization.
26	16061687	To exploit these properties for immunization purposes, we conjugated the melanoma antigen tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2 to alphaDEC-205 antibodies and immunized mice with these conjugates together with dendritic cell-activating oligonucleotides (CpG).
27	16061687	Approximately 70% of the animals were cured from existing tumors by treatment with alphaDEC conjugates carrying two different melanoma antigens (TRP-2 and gp100).
28	16061687	This protection was due to induction of melanoma-specific CD4 and CD8 responses.
29	16614758	Specific point mutations that create altered peptide ligands were introduced into the gene encoding a nonimmunogenic tissue self antigen expressed by melanoma, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1).
30	16614758	Immunization of mice with mutated Tyrp1 DNA elicited cross-reactive CD8(+) T cell responses against multiple nonmutated epitopes of syngeneic Tyrp1 and against melanoma cells.
31	16614758	Specific point mutations that create altered peptide ligands were introduced into the gene encoding a nonimmunogenic tissue self antigen expressed by melanoma, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1).
32	16614758	Immunization of mice with mutated Tyrp1 DNA elicited cross-reactive CD8(+) T cell responses against multiple nonmutated epitopes of syngeneic Tyrp1 and against melanoma cells.
33	17142789	Synergism between CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides and IL-2 causes dramatic enhancement of vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cell responses.
34	17142789	When we administered therapeutic vaccines containing the MHC class I-presented self-peptide tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-2(180-188) and CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) to mice, growth of the TRP-2-expressing B16F1 melanoma was not inhibited compared with growth in mice that received control vaccinations.
35	17142789	When we added systemic IL-2 to the TRP-2(180-188) plus CpG ODN vaccines, growth of B16F1 was inhibited in a CD8-dependent, epitope-specific manner.
36	17142789	The antitumor efficacy of the different regimens correlated with their ability to elicit TRP-2(180-188)-specific CD8+ T cell responses.
37	17142789	When we administered TRP-2(180-188) plus CpG ODN-containing vaccines with systemic IL-2, 18.2% of CD8+ T cells were specific for TRP-2(180-188).
38	17142789	Identical TRP-2(180-188) plus CpG ODN vaccines given without IL-2 elicited a TRP-2(180-188)-specific CD8+ T cell response of only 1.1% of CD8+ T cells.
39	17142789	Vaccines containing TRP-2(180-188) without CpG ODN elicited TRP-2(180-188)-specific responses of 2.8% of CD8+ T cells when administered with IL-2.
40	17142789	There was up to a 221-fold increase in the absolute number of TRP-2(180-188)-specific CD8+ T cells when IL-2 was added to TRP-2(180-188) plus CpG ODN-containing vaccines.
41	17142789	Peptide plus CpG ODN vaccines administered with IL-2 generated epitope-specific CD8+ T cells by a mechanism that depended on endogenous IL-6.
42	17885685	The infusion of tyrosinase-related protein 2-transduced (TRP-2-transduced) lymphocytes induced the establishment of protective immunity and long-term memory in tumor-bearing mice.
43	17885685	Analysis of the mechanism responsible for the induction of such an immune response allowed us to demonstrate that cross-presentation of the antigen mediated by the CD11c(+)CD8alpha(+) DC subset had occurred.
44	18299892	Immune recognition toward tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), a melanoma associated antigen up-regulated on the surface of B16F10 melanomas, generally leads to tumor protection mediated by Abs.
45	18299892	In this study, immunization with dendritic cells ex vivo transduced with adenovirus encoding TRP-1 stimulates immune activation and potent tumor protection mediated by CD8 T cells in the absence of autoimmune consequence.
46	18299892	The immune activation and CD8 T cell mediated tumor protection rely on the CD4 T cell help.
47	18299892	Thus DC based genetic immunization targeting TRP-1, an antigen usually causes Ab predominant immune recognition, is capable of stimulating potent tumor protection dependent on CD8 T cells in the absence of autoimmunity.
48	19047169	Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
49	19047169	Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
50	19047169	TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
51	19047169	Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
52	19047169	Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
53	19047169	In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
54	19047169	Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
55	19047169	Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
56	19047169	TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
57	19047169	Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
58	19047169	Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
59	19047169	In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
60	19047169	Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
61	19047169	Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
62	19047169	TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
63	19047169	Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
64	19047169	Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
65	19047169	In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
66	19047169	Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
67	19047169	Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
68	19047169	TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
69	19047169	Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
70	19047169	Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
71	19047169	In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
72	19047169	Improved tumor immunity using anti-tyrosinase related protein-1 monoclonal antibody combined with DNA vaccines in murine melanoma.
73	19047169	Passive immunization with monoclonal antibody TA99 targeting melanoma differentiation antigen tyrosinase-related protein-1 (Tyrp1; gp75) and active immunization with plasmid DNA encoding altered Tyrp1 both mediate tumor immunity in the B16 murine melanoma model.
74	19047169	TA99 is shown to increase induction of anti-Tyrp1 CD8+T-cell responses to DNA vaccination against Tyrp1 as assessed by IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays.
75	19047169	Furthermore, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against a distinct melanoma antigen, gp100(pmel17/silver locus), improving antitumor efficacy, augmenting systemic CD8+ T-cell responses to gp100, and increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration at the tumor site.
76	19047169	Epitope spreading was observed, with CD8+ T-cell responses generated to Tyrp1 peptide in mice receiving gp100 DNA vaccination in the presence of TA99.
77	19047169	In conclusion, TA99 enhances DNA vaccination against both the target antigen Tyrp1 and a distinct melanoma antigen gp100 in an Fc receptor-dependent mechanism, consistent with enhanced cross-presentation of tumor-derived antigen.
78	19276379	CTL activation using the natural low-affinity epitope 222-229 from tyrosinase-related protein 1 leads to tumor rejection.
79	19276379	We have examined the peptide specificity of a strongly protective T-cell response that eradicates established B16 melanoma and find that the recognized epitope is generated by a low-affinity MHC class I ligand from tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1).
80	19276379	The key finding in this study is that protection from freshly implanted or established B16 tumors is primarily mediated by TRP1(222)-specific CTL and not by CTL specific for more traditional melanoma antigens such as TRP2 or gp100.
81	19276379	CTL activation using the natural low-affinity epitope 222-229 from tyrosinase-related protein 1 leads to tumor rejection.
82	19276379	We have examined the peptide specificity of a strongly protective T-cell response that eradicates established B16 melanoma and find that the recognized epitope is generated by a low-affinity MHC class I ligand from tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1).
83	19276379	The key finding in this study is that protection from freshly implanted or established B16 tumors is primarily mediated by TRP1(222)-specific CTL and not by CTL specific for more traditional melanoma antigens such as TRP2 or gp100.
84	19409421	To address a somewhat confusing terminology, we introduce a unifying nomenclature for kinetoplastid CATB and CATL peptidases.
85	19409421	In addition, the applications of kinetoplastid CATB and CATL enzymes as vaccine candidates, diagnostic markers and drug targets are discussed.
86	19409421	To address a somewhat confusing terminology, we introduce a unifying nomenclature for kinetoplastid CATB and CATL peptidases.
87	19409421	In addition, the applications of kinetoplastid CATB and CATL enzymes as vaccine candidates, diagnostic markers and drug targets are discussed.
88	19414747	Lentivector immunization stimulates potent CD8 T cell responses against melanoma self-antigen tyrosinase-related protein 1 and generates antitumor immunity in mice.
89	19414747	In this study, we investigated whether lentivector delivering a self/tumor Ag, tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1), could stimulate effective antitumor T cell responses.
90	19414747	We found that immunization with lentivector expressing mutated TRP1 Ag elicited potent CD8 T cell responses against multiple TRP1 epitopes.
91	19414747	Importantly, the activated CD8 T cells effectively recognize wild-type TRP1 epitopes.
92	19414747	At peak times, as many as 10% of CD8 T cells were effector cells against TRP1 Ag.
93	19414747	These cells killed wild-type TRP1 peptide-pulsed target cells in vivo and produced IFN-gamma after ex vivo stimulation.
94	19414747	The number of infiltrating T cells and the ratio of CD8/CD4 were dramatically increased in the tumors of immunized mice.
95	19414747	The tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells were functional and produced IFN-gamma.
96	19414747	Lentivector immunization stimulates potent CD8 T cell responses against melanoma self-antigen tyrosinase-related protein 1 and generates antitumor immunity in mice.
97	19414747	In this study, we investigated whether lentivector delivering a self/tumor Ag, tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1), could stimulate effective antitumor T cell responses.
98	19414747	We found that immunization with lentivector expressing mutated TRP1 Ag elicited potent CD8 T cell responses against multiple TRP1 epitopes.
99	19414747	Importantly, the activated CD8 T cells effectively recognize wild-type TRP1 epitopes.
100	19414747	At peak times, as many as 10% of CD8 T cells were effector cells against TRP1 Ag.
101	19414747	These cells killed wild-type TRP1 peptide-pulsed target cells in vivo and produced IFN-gamma after ex vivo stimulation.
102	19414747	The number of infiltrating T cells and the ratio of CD8/CD4 were dramatically increased in the tumors of immunized mice.
103	19414747	The tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells were functional and produced IFN-gamma.
104	20053739	Entry of this virus is pH dependent and associated with the cleavage of GP by proteases, including cathepsin L (CatL) and/or CatB, in the endosome or cell membrane.
105	20053739	Structure-assisted modeling of the cathepsin L-cleaved ZEBOV-GP revealed that cleavage removes a glycosylated glycan cap and mucin-like domain (MUC domain) and exposes the conserved core residues implicated in receptor binding.
106	21331949	A corn-soybean meal-based diet containing different levels of Arg and Trp was used.
107	21331949	Cobb500 male broiler chickens from 0 to 49 days of age were subjected to a diet supplemented with the combination of Trp and Arg.
108	21331949	To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the combination of Trp and Arg on the challenged chickens, we measured the serum levels of interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G at 27, 35, 42, and 49 days of age.
109	21331949	Moreover, serum parameters such as albumin and total protein increased, whereas the treatment decreased (P<0.05) the feed:gain ratio, aspartate amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, triglyceride and cholesterol.
110	21331949	These findings suggest that the combination of Arg and Trp has a regulatory effect on growth performance.
111	21331949	A corn-soybean meal-based diet containing different levels of Arg and Trp was used.
112	21331949	Cobb500 male broiler chickens from 0 to 49 days of age were subjected to a diet supplemented with the combination of Trp and Arg.
113	21331949	To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the combination of Trp and Arg on the challenged chickens, we measured the serum levels of interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G at 27, 35, 42, and 49 days of age.
114	21331949	Moreover, serum parameters such as albumin and total protein increased, whereas the treatment decreased (P<0.05) the feed:gain ratio, aspartate amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, triglyceride and cholesterol.
115	21331949	These findings suggest that the combination of Arg and Trp has a regulatory effect on growth performance.
116	21331949	A corn-soybean meal-based diet containing different levels of Arg and Trp was used.
117	21331949	Cobb500 male broiler chickens from 0 to 49 days of age were subjected to a diet supplemented with the combination of Trp and Arg.
118	21331949	To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the combination of Trp and Arg on the challenged chickens, we measured the serum levels of interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G at 27, 35, 42, and 49 days of age.
119	21331949	Moreover, serum parameters such as albumin and total protein increased, whereas the treatment decreased (P<0.05) the feed:gain ratio, aspartate amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, triglyceride and cholesterol.
120	21331949	These findings suggest that the combination of Arg and Trp has a regulatory effect on growth performance.
121	21331949	A corn-soybean meal-based diet containing different levels of Arg and Trp was used.
122	21331949	Cobb500 male broiler chickens from 0 to 49 days of age were subjected to a diet supplemented with the combination of Trp and Arg.
123	21331949	To evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of the combination of Trp and Arg on the challenged chickens, we measured the serum levels of interferon-α, interferon-γ and immunoglobulin G at 27, 35, 42, and 49 days of age.
124	21331949	Moreover, serum parameters such as albumin and total protein increased, whereas the treatment decreased (P<0.05) the feed:gain ratio, aspartate amino-transferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, triglyceride and cholesterol.
125	21331949	These findings suggest that the combination of Arg and Trp has a regulatory effect on growth performance.
126	23507278	Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the optimal length and, therefore, the cost for maximum eCAP activity under physiologically relevant conditions could be significantly reduced using only Arg and Trp arranged to form idealized amphipathic helices.
127	23507278	Hence, we developed a novel peptide series, composed only of Arg and Trp, in a sequence predicted and verified by circular dichroism to fold into optimized amphipathic helices.
128	23507278	Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the optimal length and, therefore, the cost for maximum eCAP activity under physiologically relevant conditions could be significantly reduced using only Arg and Trp arranged to form idealized amphipathic helices.
129	23507278	Hence, we developed a novel peptide series, composed only of Arg and Trp, in a sequence predicted and verified by circular dichroism to fold into optimized amphipathic helices.
130	24114780	Tumor-specific CD4+ T cells maintain effector and memory tumor-specific CD8+ T cells.
131	24114780	Here we examined whether tumor-specific CD4(+) T cells enhance CD8(+) T-cell adoptive immunotherapy in a lymphopenic environment.
132	24114780	Our model employed physiological doses of tyrosinase-related protein 1-specific CD4(+) transgenic T cells-CD4(+) T cells and pmel-CD8(+) T cells that when transferred individually were subtherapeutic; however, when transferred together provided significant (p ≤ 0.001) therapeutic efficacy.
133	24114780	When combined with CD4(+) T cells, transfer of total (naïve and effector) or effector CD8(+) T cells were highly effective, suggesting CD4(+) T cells can help mediate therapeutic effects by maintaining function of activated CD8(+) T cells.
134	24114780	The CD8(+) T cells recovered from mice treated with both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells had decreased expression of PD-1 and PD-1-blockade enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of pmel-CD8 alone, suggesting that CD4(+) T cells help reduce CD8(+) T-cell exhaustion.
135	24114780	These data support combining immunotherapies that elicit both tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells for treatment of patients with cancer.
136	25954597	Thus, we engineered a collection of lentivectors that simultaneously co-expressed an antigen, a PD-L1-silencing shRNA, and various T cell-polarising cytokines, including interferon γ (IFNγ), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) or interleukins (IL12, IL15, IL23, IL17A, IL6, IL10, IL4).
137	25954597	In a syngeneic B16F0 melanoma model and using tyrosinase related protein 1 (TRP1) as a vaccine antigen, we found that simultaneous delivery of IL12 and a PD-L1-silencing shRNA was the only combination that exhibited therapeutically relevant anti-melanoma activities.