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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
19010456
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These changes were accompanied by diabetes-increased mRNA levels of RANKL, TNF-alpha, and ADAMTS-4 and -5 measured by real-time PCR, which was reversed by insulin treatment.
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2 |
20664951
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In vitro, we examined the effects of apelin on normal chondrocyte proliferation and gene expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta).
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3 |
20664951
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In vivo, by intra-articular injection with apelin, we examined MMP-3, -9, collagen II and IL-1beta at both gene and protein levels.
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4 |
20664951
|
Furthermore, we measured the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ADAMTS-4 and -5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 and 5) and the proteoglycan content in articular cartilage.
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5 |
20664951
|
Apelin stimulated the proliferation of chondrocytes and significantly increased mRNA levels of MMP-1, -3, -9 and IL-1beta in vitro.
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6 |
20664951
|
Intra-articular injection with apelin in vivo up-regulated the expression of MMP-3, -9, and IL-1beta as well as decreased the level of collagen II.
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7 |
20664951
|
Additionally, after treatment with apelin, mRNA levels of ADAMTS-4 and -5 markedly increased and depletion of proteoglycan in articular cartilage was found by histological assessment.
|
8 |
20664951
|
In vitro, we examined the effects of apelin on normal chondrocyte proliferation and gene expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta).
|
9 |
20664951
|
In vivo, by intra-articular injection with apelin, we examined MMP-3, -9, collagen II and IL-1beta at both gene and protein levels.
|
10 |
20664951
|
Furthermore, we measured the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ADAMTS-4 and -5 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 and 5) and the proteoglycan content in articular cartilage.
|
11 |
20664951
|
Apelin stimulated the proliferation of chondrocytes and significantly increased mRNA levels of MMP-1, -3, -9 and IL-1beta in vitro.
|
12 |
20664951
|
Intra-articular injection with apelin in vivo up-regulated the expression of MMP-3, -9, and IL-1beta as well as decreased the level of collagen II.
|
13 |
20664951
|
Additionally, after treatment with apelin, mRNA levels of ADAMTS-4 and -5 markedly increased and depletion of proteoglycan in articular cartilage was found by histological assessment.
|