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Gene Information
Gene symbol: B2M
Gene name: beta-2-microglobulin
HGNC ID: 914
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 81157 | U. of insulin on renal haemodynamics and on urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and of albumin was examined in 5 juvenile diabetics. |
| 2 | 81157 | IV insulin decreased urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and increased albumin excretion (2 p less than 0.05). |
| 3 | 81157 | The albumin excretion induced by insulin is most likely due to increased amounts of filtered albumin, the mechanism of which remains unexplained. |
| 4 | 81157 | U. of insulin on renal haemodynamics and on urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and of albumin was examined in 5 juvenile diabetics. |
| 5 | 81157 | IV insulin decreased urinary excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and increased albumin excretion (2 p less than 0.05). |
| 6 | 81157 | The albumin excretion induced by insulin is most likely due to increased amounts of filtered albumin, the mechanism of which remains unexplained. |
| 7 | 378740 | In order to examine the permeability of microvessels in diabetic children, the glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin, intravascular mass of albumin, and transcapillary escape rate of albumin were studied in 26 diabetic children without clinical signs of microangiopathy (age: 7-14 years; duration of disease: 3-14 years). |
| 8 | 378740 | Urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin did not differ in diabetics. |
| 9 | 378740 | In order to examine the permeability of microvessels in diabetic children, the glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin, intravascular mass of albumin, and transcapillary escape rate of albumin were studied in 26 diabetic children without clinical signs of microangiopathy (age: 7-14 years; duration of disease: 3-14 years). |
| 10 | 378740 | Urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin did not differ in diabetics. |
| 11 | 1282825 | These proteins include beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), retinol-binding protein (RBP), alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) and lysozyme. |
| 12 | 1282825 | B2M is unstable in acid urine, in contrast to RBP and A1M which are more stable. |
| 13 | 1282825 | Any increase in the urinary excretion of B2M or RBP is highly specific for tubular disease, whereas increased excretion of A1M may be seen with glomerular proteinuria. |
| 14 | 1282825 | These proteins include beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), retinol-binding protein (RBP), alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) and lysozyme. |
| 15 | 1282825 | B2M is unstable in acid urine, in contrast to RBP and A1M which are more stable. |
| 16 | 1282825 | Any increase in the urinary excretion of B2M or RBP is highly specific for tubular disease, whereas increased excretion of A1M may be seen with glomerular proteinuria. |
| 17 | 1282825 | These proteins include beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), retinol-binding protein (RBP), alpha 1-microglobulin (A1M) and lysozyme. |
| 18 | 1282825 | B2M is unstable in acid urine, in contrast to RBP and A1M which are more stable. |
| 19 | 1282825 | Any increase in the urinary excretion of B2M or RBP is highly specific for tubular disease, whereas increased excretion of A1M may be seen with glomerular proteinuria. |
| 20 | 1289022 | In RBP-negative patients, the subjects with hypertension (systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mmHg) showed higher beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) excretion and albumin (Alb)/Cr ratios than normotensive ones. |
| 21 | 1290323 | Renal cortical ATP content, fractional sodium excretion (FENa), urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and albumin were also increased significantly in the DMut group relative to the controls. |
| 22 | 1348585 | Enzymuria is also accompanied by a 10-fold increase in the urinary excretion of the low molecular weight protein beta 2-microglobulin while the excretion of albumin is not significantly modified, indicating impairment of tubular reabsorption in diabetic animals. |
| 23 | 1350771 | To assess whether urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) could be used as a predictor of diabetic nephropathy, renal tubular enzymes such as NAG and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma GTP), albumin, total protein and beta 2-microglobulin (BMG) in urine and/or serum were measured in various stages of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 24 | 1475108 | [The value of polypeptide analysis (beta-2-microglobulin, microalbuminuria, beta-thromboglobulin) in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathies]. |
| 25 | 1475108 | The aim of this paper was to review the clinical significance of measurements of the serum and urine levels of beta-2-microglobulin, microalbuminuria and the plasma and urine levels of beta-thromboglobulin. |
| 26 | 1475108 | [The value of polypeptide analysis (beta-2-microglobulin, microalbuminuria, beta-thromboglobulin) in the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathies]. |
| 27 | 1475108 | The aim of this paper was to review the clinical significance of measurements of the serum and urine levels of beta-2-microglobulin, microalbuminuria and the plasma and urine levels of beta-thromboglobulin. |
| 28 | 1478544 | Serum creatinine, immunoreactive serum and urine beta 2-microglobulin, plasma and urine thromboglobulin, plasma thromboxane-B2 levels and daily protein excretion were determined in 61 insulin-treated diabetic patients, comparing the different patient groups (complication free, nephropathy without and with azotaemia) with control subjects. |
| 29 | 1511570 | However, no relationships were found between the increased urinary albumin excretion (incipient and/or overt diabetic nephropathy) at follow-up to either the initial glomerular filtration rate (134 vs 137 ml min-1 1.73 m-2; p greater than 0.05) or to renal tubular function assessed from urinary excretion rate of beta 2-microglobulin (0.059 vs 0.069 microgram min-1; p greater than 0.05) and the renal threshold concentration of phosphate per litre of glomerular filtrate (1.29 vs 1.22 mmol l-1; p greater than 0.05). |
| 30 | 1579341 | Diabetic nephropathy was recorded with the measurements of serum creatinine, serum beta 2-microglobulin, and urine albumin excretion. |
| 31 | 1588764 | Urinary excretion of the proteins (albumin, IgG, IgG4, beta 2-microglobulin) and fractional clearances (clearance ratios to creatinine clearance) at sitting position were respectively measured. |
| 32 | 1593797 | To study the relations between renal tubular disorder and glomerular dysfunction in the early phase of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we performed concomitant measurements of urinary beta-D-N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), beta 2-microglobulin (BMG), and microalbumin in 29 of pediatric patients with IDDM, 15 normal controls, and 83 patients with non-diabetic ketoacidosis. |
| 33 | 1680783 | Urinary AAP was correlated with the indices of renal tubular damage like NAG, alpha 1-microglobulin and beta 2-microglobulin, so it seemed to be tubular origin but in the patients with clinical proteinuria, it might be partially glomerular origin. |
| 34 | 1695588 | Serum type IV collagen levels were measured in 137 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (aged 50-75 yr) with or without clinical signs of retinopathy, nephropathy, and/or neuropathy and 110 healthy subjects (aged 50-75 yr) without serological abnormality. |
| 35 | 1695588 | Especially in the patients with diabetic nephropathy, serum type IV collagen levels became higher with elevation of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and serum beta 2-microglobulin but not urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. |
| 36 | 1756686 | In NIDDM patients without overt proteinuria, urinary levels of C-peptide, beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin as well as CCP/CCR ratio all decreased significantly with short-term glycemic control (P less than 0.05). |
| 37 | 1756686 | These results suggest that urinary C-peptide may easily be affected by hyperglycemia per se rather than renal damage, while urinary B2M, NAG and albumin may be affected by both hyperglycemia and renal damage. |
| 38 | 1756686 | In NIDDM patients without overt proteinuria, urinary levels of C-peptide, beta 2-microglobulin (B2M), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin as well as CCP/CCR ratio all decreased significantly with short-term glycemic control (P less than 0.05). |
| 39 | 1756686 | These results suggest that urinary C-peptide may easily be affected by hyperglycemia per se rather than renal damage, while urinary B2M, NAG and albumin may be affected by both hyperglycemia and renal damage. |
| 40 | 1763324 | Mice deficient in MHC class I expression because they do not produce beta 2-microglobulin also developed late onset autoimmune diabetes. |
| 41 | 1764788 | The potential interferents we checked were transferrin, urea, beta 2-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, creatinine, kappa and lambda light chains, IgG, hemoglobin, ketone, and glucose. |
| 42 | 1810019 | Microalbuminuria and renal albumin clearance was unchanged as was also urinary excretion of sodium, glandular kallikrein and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-M). |
| 43 | 1828563 | Serum creatinine, immunoreactive serum and urine beta-2-microglobulin, plasma and urine thromboglobulin, plasma thromboxane-B2 levels and daily protein excretion were determinated in 61 insulin treated diabetic patients, comparing the different patient groups (complication free, nephropathy without azotaemia and nephropathy with azotaemia) with the control subjects. |
| 44 | 1828563 | There was a positive significant correlation between urine beta-thromboglobulin and beta-2-microglobulin in the group without complication, and between the plasma beta thromboglobulin and beta-2-microglobulin, and plasma beta thromboglobulin and thromboxane levels in the diabetic group with azotaemia. |
| 45 | 1828563 | Serum creatinine, immunoreactive serum and urine beta-2-microglobulin, plasma and urine thromboglobulin, plasma thromboxane-B2 levels and daily protein excretion were determinated in 61 insulin treated diabetic patients, comparing the different patient groups (complication free, nephropathy without azotaemia and nephropathy with azotaemia) with the control subjects. |
| 46 | 1828563 | There was a positive significant correlation between urine beta-thromboglobulin and beta-2-microglobulin in the group without complication, and between the plasma beta thromboglobulin and beta-2-microglobulin, and plasma beta thromboglobulin and thromboxane levels in the diabetic group with azotaemia. |
| 47 | 1881577 | We examined the diurnal variation in urinary excretion rate of albumin, IgG and beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2-M) in healthy volunteers (n = 24), and in patients with type I diabetes mellitus having normal albumin excretion rate (less than 20 micrograms/min; n = 16), incipient diabetic nephropathy (albumin excretion rate 20-200 micrograms/min; n = 12) and clinical diabetic nephropathy (albumin excretion rate greater than 200 micrograms/min; n = 12). |
| 48 | 1911142 | In addition, total proteins, albumin, beta 2-microglobulin and molecular size distribution of urinary proteins were measured, the latter using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. |
| 49 | 1914672 | [Clinical significance of determination of urinary albumin, beta 2 microglobulin and Tamm-Horsfall protein in diabetics]. |
| 50 | 1914672 | Twenty-four hour urinary albumin (Alb) beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2m) and Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 69 diabetics and 23 normal controls. |
| 51 | 1914672 | [Clinical significance of determination of urinary albumin, beta 2 microglobulin and Tamm-Horsfall protein in diabetics]. |
| 52 | 1914672 | Twenty-four hour urinary albumin (Alb) beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2m) and Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 69 diabetics and 23 normal controls. |
| 53 | 1975116 | Urinary enzyme activities (N-acetyl- beta-D-glucosaminidase: NAG, alkaline phosphatase: ALP, leucine aminopeptidase: LAP, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: gamma-GTP) were determined by spectrophotometric assay, rate assay, Tuppy method and Orlowski method, respectively. 1) In group A, the percentage of the cases which showed higher than the normal range (NAG: 1.3-8.7, ALP: 4.2-17.7, LAP: 0-22.9 U/g. cer.) was 42.2% in NAG, 21.6% in ALP, and 8.8% in LAP. |
| 54 | 1975116 | In a multiple regression analysis, the predictor variables which contributed to NAG were HbA1c, age, urinary protein and the one that contributed to ALP, LAP, gamma-GTP was urinary beta 2-microglobulin. 2) In group B, 87% of NAG was above the normal range (Mean +/- 2 SD; 4.8 +/- 3.9 U/day). |
| 55 | 1975116 | The percent of high activities of ALP, LAP and gamma-GTP were 17%, 17%, 4%, respectively. |
| 56 | 1975116 | There were correlations among ALP, LAP and gamma-GTP, though no correlation existed between NAG and the other three enzymes. |
| 57 | 2006144 | Overexpression of beta 2-microglobulin in transgenic mouse islet beta cells results in defective insulin secretion. |
| 58 | 2006144 | Introduction of the beta 2-microglobulin chain into class I heavy chain transgenic mice resulted in a significant improvement in their islet morphology and insulin content, and the female mice remained normoglycemic. |
| 59 | 2006144 | Overexpression of beta 2-microglobulin in transgenic mouse islet beta cells results in defective insulin secretion. |
| 60 | 2006144 | Introduction of the beta 2-microglobulin chain into class I heavy chain transgenic mice resulted in a significant improvement in their islet morphology and insulin content, and the female mice remained normoglycemic. |
| 61 | 2043439 | Musculoskeletal problems in chronic renal failure are common, but investigations into their pathogenesis are complicated by the coexistence of renal endocrine failure and beta 2-microglobulin-related amyloid deposition in long-term dialysis patients. |
| 62 | 2111417 | The urinary excretion of kappa light chains, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was examined in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus, and compared to age-matched control subjects. |
| 63 | 2111417 | Patients with IDDM diagnosed within two months, presented with normal albumin excretion, whereas the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and kappa light chain in urine were higher than in control subjects. |
| 64 | 2111417 | The urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin rose progressively with each hyperglycemic clamp step, whereas that of kappa light chain excretion was unaffected by hyperglycemia. |
| 65 | 2111417 | The urinary excretion of kappa light chains, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was examined in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus, and compared to age-matched control subjects. |
| 66 | 2111417 | Patients with IDDM diagnosed within two months, presented with normal albumin excretion, whereas the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and kappa light chain in urine were higher than in control subjects. |
| 67 | 2111417 | The urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin rose progressively with each hyperglycemic clamp step, whereas that of kappa light chain excretion was unaffected by hyperglycemia. |
| 68 | 2111417 | The urinary excretion of kappa light chains, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was examined in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus, and compared to age-matched control subjects. |
| 69 | 2111417 | Patients with IDDM diagnosed within two months, presented with normal albumin excretion, whereas the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and kappa light chain in urine were higher than in control subjects. |
| 70 | 2111417 | The urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin rose progressively with each hyperglycemic clamp step, whereas that of kappa light chain excretion was unaffected by hyperglycemia. |
| 71 | 2115624 | The roles of blood pressure and glomerular filtration rate in the renal handling of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin and sodium were studied by partial correlation analysis in 22 patients with glomerulonephritis and in 25 patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 72 | 2122049 | Pravastatin treatment resulted in lowering serum total cholesterol by 22.1% on the average (p less than 0.001), and led to a significant reduction in urinary excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin in patients with an elevated urinary protein excretion rate at the baseline period. |
| 73 | 2122516 | To examine whether exercise-induced proteinuria in diabetes is dependent upon the size of the excreted protein, we measured urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, kappa light chains, albumin and IgG before and after 20 min of moderate ergometer exercise in 34 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in eight healthy control subjects. |
| 74 | 2122516 | In contrast, exercise enhanced excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (p less than 0.05-0.01), kappa light chains (p less than 0.001), albumin (p less than 0.005-0.001) and IgG (p less than 0.01-0.001) in patients with long-standing IDDM independently of whether the patient had proteinuria in the resting state or not. |
| 75 | 2122516 | To examine whether exercise-induced proteinuria in diabetes is dependent upon the size of the excreted protein, we measured urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, kappa light chains, albumin and IgG before and after 20 min of moderate ergometer exercise in 34 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in eight healthy control subjects. |
| 76 | 2122516 | In contrast, exercise enhanced excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (p less than 0.05-0.01), kappa light chains (p less than 0.001), albumin (p less than 0.005-0.001) and IgG (p less than 0.01-0.001) in patients with long-standing IDDM independently of whether the patient had proteinuria in the resting state or not. |
| 77 | 2175697 | In the present study, we examined plasma thrombomodulin concentrations in 106 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. |
| 78 | 2175697 | Plasma thrombomodulin concentrations were positively correlated with the level of serum creatine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin and urinary beta 2-microglobulin (P less than 0.001 for each), but not with fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c or fructosamine. |
| 79 | 2203797 | Correlation of urinary albumin and beta-2-microglobulin and growth hormone excretion in patients with diabetes mellitus and short stature. |
| 80 | 2203797 | We examined the correlation between urinary GH, urinary albumin, and beta-2-microglobulin excretion to determine how the excretion of GH relates to markers of renal glomerular and tubular function. |
| 81 | 2203797 | Correlation of urinary albumin and beta-2-microglobulin and growth hormone excretion in patients with diabetes mellitus and short stature. |
| 82 | 2203797 | We examined the correlation between urinary GH, urinary albumin, and beta-2-microglobulin excretion to determine how the excretion of GH relates to markers of renal glomerular and tubular function. |
| 83 | 2247968 | In 68 type I diabetics without permanent proteinuria, mean age 28 +/- 9 years, where diabetes was detected at the age of 14 +/- 7 years and persists for 14 +/- 8 years the urinary excretion of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin was assessed. |
| 84 | 2253403 | The nature and origin of proteinuria in diabetes mellitus have been investigated by measuring the urinary excretion of seven specific proteins of low (beta 2-microglobin, retinol-binding protein) or high molecular weight (albumin, transferrin, hemopexin and IgG). |
| 85 | 2253403 | The assay of transferrin proved the most sensitive (58% positive) followed by albumin (49%), IgG (34%), hemopexin (28%) and retinol-binding protein (26%). |
| 86 | 2379316 | In 109 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured the urinary excretion of albumin, the low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) retinol-binding protein (RBP) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), and brush-border antigens (BBA) revealed by monoclonal antibodies. |
| 87 | 2379316 | Increased urinary levels of BBA (p = 0.0001) were associated with higher values of albumin (p = 0.0002), RBP (p = 0.0005) and, to a lesser extent, of beta 2m (p = 0.1), different combinations of values above the reference limits being observed. |
| 88 | 2443293 | Factors affecting the urinary excretion of albumin in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 89 | 2443293 | To determine the specificity of the urine excretion of albumin as a measure of glomerular permeability in early insulin-dependent diabetic nephropathy, the effect of variable glomerular filtration and urine flow rates on albumin, beta 2-microglobulin excretion, and the fractional renal clearance of neutral dextran (Stokes Einstein Radius 24-46 A) was examined. |
| 90 | 2443293 | Five insulin-dependent diabetic subjects with normal glomerular permeability (albumin excretion less than 30 micrograms/min) and one with elevated albumin excretion (195 micrograms/min) were studied pre and post strict glucose control with constant subcutaneous insulin infusion for 7 days. |
| 91 | 2443293 | In contrast, albumin excretion showed no correlation, indicating different factors affect the excretion rate of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin. |
| 92 | 2443293 | Therefore, elevated albumin excretion (greater than 30 micrograms/min) in insulin-dependent diabetes is due to increased glomerular permeability and not changes in glomerular filtration and urine flow rates, and the albumin/ beta 2-microglobulin ratio may not be a valid indicator of changing glomerular permeability. |
| 93 | 2443293 | Factors affecting the urinary excretion of albumin in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 94 | 2443293 | To determine the specificity of the urine excretion of albumin as a measure of glomerular permeability in early insulin-dependent diabetic nephropathy, the effect of variable glomerular filtration and urine flow rates on albumin, beta 2-microglobulin excretion, and the fractional renal clearance of neutral dextran (Stokes Einstein Radius 24-46 A) was examined. |
| 95 | 2443293 | Five insulin-dependent diabetic subjects with normal glomerular permeability (albumin excretion less than 30 micrograms/min) and one with elevated albumin excretion (195 micrograms/min) were studied pre and post strict glucose control with constant subcutaneous insulin infusion for 7 days. |
| 96 | 2443293 | In contrast, albumin excretion showed no correlation, indicating different factors affect the excretion rate of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin. |
| 97 | 2443293 | Therefore, elevated albumin excretion (greater than 30 micrograms/min) in insulin-dependent diabetes is due to increased glomerular permeability and not changes in glomerular filtration and urine flow rates, and the albumin/ beta 2-microglobulin ratio may not be a valid indicator of changing glomerular permeability. |
| 98 | 2443293 | Factors affecting the urinary excretion of albumin in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 99 | 2443293 | To determine the specificity of the urine excretion of albumin as a measure of glomerular permeability in early insulin-dependent diabetic nephropathy, the effect of variable glomerular filtration and urine flow rates on albumin, beta 2-microglobulin excretion, and the fractional renal clearance of neutral dextran (Stokes Einstein Radius 24-46 A) was examined. |
| 100 | 2443293 | Five insulin-dependent diabetic subjects with normal glomerular permeability (albumin excretion less than 30 micrograms/min) and one with elevated albumin excretion (195 micrograms/min) were studied pre and post strict glucose control with constant subcutaneous insulin infusion for 7 days. |
| 101 | 2443293 | In contrast, albumin excretion showed no correlation, indicating different factors affect the excretion rate of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin. |
| 102 | 2443293 | Therefore, elevated albumin excretion (greater than 30 micrograms/min) in insulin-dependent diabetes is due to increased glomerular permeability and not changes in glomerular filtration and urine flow rates, and the albumin/ beta 2-microglobulin ratio may not be a valid indicator of changing glomerular permeability. |
| 103 | 2470625 | I measured urinary hGH level in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) and studied the relation with urinary albumin alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1 MG), beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2MG) and plasma HbA1. 24-hour urine or night-time urine was collected in 54 normal children (NC) and 61 DM. |
| 104 | 2485397 | Mean urinary excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in both Albustix-negative and positive patients were significantly elevated above the control range. |
| 105 | 2485397 | The increased excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and NAG was found in 21, 55 and 62% of the normoalbuminuric patients, and in 40, 57 and 74% of the microalbuminuric patients, respectively. |
| 106 | 2485397 | The albumin/ASP ratio increased as nephropathy advanced. |
| 107 | 2485397 | Mean urinary excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in both Albustix-negative and positive patients were significantly elevated above the control range. |
| 108 | 2485397 | The increased excretion of lysozyme, beta 2-microglobulin and NAG was found in 21, 55 and 62% of the normoalbuminuric patients, and in 40, 57 and 74% of the microalbuminuric patients, respectively. |
| 109 | 2485397 | The albumin/ASP ratio increased as nephropathy advanced. |
| 110 | 2528561 | No relationship existed between urinary NAG and serum creatinine, beta-2-microglobulin, and degree of metabolic control (HbA7). |
| 111 | 2550187 | Twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was investigated in relation to that of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) in 25 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients without nephropathy, 13 NIDDM patients with incipient nephropathy, 18 NIDDM patients with overt nephropathy, and 14 nondiabetic subjects. |
| 112 | 2550187 | NIDDM patients without nephropathy and nondiabetic subjects were similar in albumin, beta 2M, and ACE excretion. |
| 113 | 2550187 | NIDDM patients with incipient nephropathy had elevated albumin excretion (P less than .01) and similar beta 2M and ACE excretion compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 114 | 2550187 | On the other hand, NIDDM patients with overt nephropathy had elevated albumin, beta 2M, and ACE excretion compared with nondiabetic subjects (P less than .01). |
| 115 | 2550187 | In all NIDDM patients studied, a positive correlation was found between ACE excretion and albumin excretion (r = 0.76, P less than .001) or beta 2M excretion (r = 0.52, P less than .01). |
| 116 | 2648764 | In order to evaluate the accuracy of urinary C-peptide determination and the clinical significance of C-peptiduria for the early course of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), the rate of urinary excretion of C-peptide was determined in 32 children and adolescents with IDDM and correlated with serum C-peptide concentration, urinary excretion of albumin and beta 2-microgloublin and with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured in terms of the clearance of 99mTc-DTPA. |
| 117 | 2648764 | GFR and urinary albumin excretion were slightly elevated in the diabetic patients as compared with non-diabetic subjects (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.001, respectively), but C-peptide excretion was unrelated to the degree of hyperfiltration or albuminuria, neither was there any correlation between the excretion rate of beta 2-microglobulin and C-peptide. |
| 118 | 2660616 | No alterations in serum creatinine, HbA1 (glycohemoglobin), urinary excretion rate of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin, glomerular filtration rate were observed during follow-up. |
| 119 | 2666432 | The 24 h-urinary excretions of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in children with IDDM. |
| 120 | 2666432 | In this paper, 24 h-urinary excretions of albumin, BMG and NAG activity were measured in forty-one children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 121 | 2698303 | Low-molecular-weight proteinuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a study of the urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein in alkalinized patients with and without microalbuminuria. |
| 122 | 2698303 | The urinary excretion of two low-molecular-weight proteins (beta 2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein) was measured in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria and an equal number with normal albumin excretion; reference ranges for the excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were also obtained in 40 non-diabetic subjects. |
| 123 | 2698303 | Low-molecular-weight proteinuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a study of the urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein in alkalinized patients with and without microalbuminuria. |
| 124 | 2698303 | The urinary excretion of two low-molecular-weight proteins (beta 2-microglobulin and retinol-binding protein) was measured in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with persistent microalbuminuria and an equal number with normal albumin excretion; reference ranges for the excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were also obtained in 40 non-diabetic subjects. |
| 125 | 2933146 | Comparative studies using other tumor markers (immunosuppressive acid protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, beta 2-microglobulin, and ferritin) and the same sera used from PFK assay showed that the PFK method was two to three times more sensitive. |
| 126 | 2949392 | Since platelets might be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease we measured urinary beta TG in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics with nephropathy and compared the results with those from 20 normal subjects. |
| 127 | 2949392 | Measurements were made of beta TG, beta 2-microglobulin and total protein in urine collected for 24 h and creatinine and beta 2 microglobulin in plasma. |
| 128 | 2949392 | There was a strong correlation between urinary beta TG excretion and plasma creatinine concentration (r = 0.8, p less than 0.0001) and plasma beta 2-microglobulin concentration (r = 0.9, p less than 0.0001). |
| 129 | 2949392 | Since platelets might be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease we measured urinary beta TG in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics with nephropathy and compared the results with those from 20 normal subjects. |
| 130 | 2949392 | Measurements were made of beta TG, beta 2-microglobulin and total protein in urine collected for 24 h and creatinine and beta 2 microglobulin in plasma. |
| 131 | 2949392 | There was a strong correlation between urinary beta TG excretion and plasma creatinine concentration (r = 0.8, p less than 0.0001) and plasma beta 2-microglobulin concentration (r = 0.9, p less than 0.0001). |
| 132 | 2951194 | Urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin and the creatinine clearance were examined over 1 hour in the resting state. |
| 133 | 2951194 | The albumin/beta 2-microglobulin excretion ratio indicates that the higher albumin excretion rates associated with occult fasting hyperglycaemia and known NIDDM are of glomerular origin. |
| 134 | 2951194 | Urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin and the creatinine clearance were examined over 1 hour in the resting state. |
| 135 | 2951194 | The albumin/beta 2-microglobulin excretion ratio indicates that the higher albumin excretion rates associated with occult fasting hyperglycaemia and known NIDDM are of glomerular origin. |
| 136 | 2971969 | The patients in group 1 had no apparent abnormality in serum creatinine, serum or urine beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG), or urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG); those in group 2 showed either beta 2-MG or NAG abnormality but no creatinine abnormality. |
| 137 | 3019806 | Expression of class I MHC proteins on RIN-m5F cells is increased by interferon-gamma and lymphokine-conditioned medium. |
| 138 | 3019806 | Indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry revealed that after culture in CAS medium, RIN-m5F cells had an 8- to 10-fold increase in class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins, whereas class II MHC proteins remained undetectable, and the level of insulin and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors was unchanged. |
| 139 | 3019806 | The stimulation of class I MHC expression on RIN-m5F cells by CAS medium could be mimicked by recombinant interferon-gamma. |
| 140 | 3019806 | Precipitation with monoclonal antibody identified the 48,000- and 12,000-Mr proteins as the class I MHC protein and beta 2-microglobulin, respectively. |
| 141 | 3070748 | Creatinine and beta-2-microglobulin in the serum, creatinine clearance and albumin excretion by urine were determined as functional parameters. |
| 142 | 3080101 | The urinary excretion rate of albumin varied widely and unpredictably throughout, while beta 2 microglobulin excretion remained normal and unchanged in both groups. |
| 143 | 3099698 | The lowest UKA values were found in patients with a high urinary excretion of albumin (above 500 mg/day): 8 +/- 2 micrograms LBK. min-1 (p less than 0.001) and beta-2-microglobulin (above 382 micrograms/day): 12 +/- 4 micrograms LBK. min-1 (p less than 0.001). |
| 144 | 3115019 | Correlation between urinary activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin excretion rate in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects. |
| 145 | 3115019 | In each subject 24-h urinary excretion rates of NAG (fluorimetric method), albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (radioimmunoassay), together with 51Cr-EDTA clearance were performed. |
| 146 | 3115019 | In diabetic patients urinary levels of NAG (356 +/- 25 vs 162 +/- 9.2 nmol/h/mg creatinine, p less than 0.0001) and albumin (21 +/- 2.5 vs 4.3 +/- 0.5 mg/24h, p less than 0.0001) were significantly higher than in the controls, while beta 2-microglobulin levels and 51Cr-EDTA clearance did not differ in the two groups. |
| 147 | 3115019 | Correlation between urinary activity of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and albumin excretion rate in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects. |
| 148 | 3115019 | In each subject 24-h urinary excretion rates of NAG (fluorimetric method), albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (radioimmunoassay), together with 51Cr-EDTA clearance were performed. |
| 149 | 3115019 | In diabetic patients urinary levels of NAG (356 +/- 25 vs 162 +/- 9.2 nmol/h/mg creatinine, p less than 0.0001) and albumin (21 +/- 2.5 vs 4.3 +/- 0.5 mg/24h, p less than 0.0001) were significantly higher than in the controls, while beta 2-microglobulin levels and 51Cr-EDTA clearance did not differ in the two groups. |
| 150 | 3298305 | A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 151 | 3298305 | This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. |
| 152 | 3298305 | Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. |
| 153 | 3298305 | A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 154 | 3298305 | This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. |
| 155 | 3298305 | Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. |
| 156 | 3322619 | Contribution of glycemic control to the levels of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), total protein, beta 2-microglobulin and serum NAG in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus without macroalbuminuria. |
| 157 | 3352157 | The pathogenesis of clinical nephropathy in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes was investigated by measuring renal fractional clearances of albumin, total IgG, IgG4 and beta 2-microglobulin, four plasma proteins which differ in size and charge. |
| 158 | 3431031 | We compared albumin and total protein in urine, serum-creatinine, creatinine-clearance, uric acid and beta 2-microglobulin in serum before, during and up to sixth months after pregnancy in 5 diabetic women with preexisting normo-albuminuria, stage II of diabetic nephropathy, in 6 women with microalbuminuria, stage III, and in 3 women with overt proteinuria, stage IV of diabetic nephropathy (by Mogensen); in this last patient-group there was a heavy proteinuria with decreased creatinine clearance and high blood pressure still before the begin of the pregnancy. |
| 159 | 3530528 | Seeking to study whether measurement of lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) in urine by a reliable radioimmunoassay can provide a suitable index of renal tubular function and how lysozymuria develops in temporal relation to proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy, we have compared the urinary excretion of lysozyme and beta 2-microglobulin with the 15-min excretion rate of phenolsulfonphthalein in 39 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and investigated the temporal relation between the onset of lysozymuria and proteinuria in 15 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. |
| 160 | 3556105 | Urinary excretion of albumin, IgG, and beta 2-microglobulin was examined in 132 (69 men, 63 women) newly diagnosed, middle-aged type II diabetic patients and in 144 (62 men, 82 women) nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 161 | 3556105 | The urinary excretion of albumin in the diabetic subjects was not associated with the presence of hypertension or coronary heart disease or with the fasting blood glucose or serum insulin levels measured at diagnosis of diabetes. |
| 162 | 3596078 | Total protein, beta 2-microglobulin but not albumin excretion rates were increased by acetoacetic acid. |
| 163 | 3622197 | Metabolic control was assessed by evaluation of 5-8 blood glucose determinations/day and by glycosylated hemoglobin, whereas renal function was evaluated by albumin, IgG and beta 2-microglobulin urinary excretion rates, serum creatinine concentration, and creatinine clearance. |
| 164 | 3784285 | Endogenous marker substances of a defined MW (beta 2-microglobulin, myoglobin, RBP, alpha 1-microglobulin, acid alpha 1-glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin, prealbumin, and albumin were measured by laser nephelometry or radioimmune assay; sieving coefficients (SC) and protein eliminations were calculated for each low MW protein. |
| 165 | 3884404 | Glycemic control was assessed by means of mean blood glucose (MBG) +/- Standard deviation (SD), urinary glucose excretion and glycosylated hemoglobin, while renal function was assessed by albumin, IgG and beta-2-microglobulin urinary excretion rates, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance. |
| 166 | 3890316 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR, single bolus 51Cr-EDTA technique), serum creatinine and serum beta 2-microglobulin concentrations were measured simultaneously in 49 insulin-dependent diabetics with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 167 | 3933437 | Urinary excretion of beta 2 microglobulin and that of certain enzymes: gamma glutamyltransferase, leucine aminopeptidase, and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activities were significantly raised during ketoacidosis in 11 patients compared with healthy controls. |
| 168 | 6161671 | In 12 insulin-dependent diabetics with proteinuria plasma concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin were found to correlate more closely than plasma creatinine concentrations or creatinine clearance with glomerular function as measured by clearance of 52Cr-EDTA. |
| 169 | 6175448 | Amniotic fluid beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-m) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 78 pregnant women between the 14th and the 42nd week of gestation. 62 were healthy subjects, while eight were affected by EPH gestosis, seven by diabetes (cl. |
| 170 | 6341530 | Urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin, albumin, transferrin, and IgG was significantly increased in patients, as compared with controls, whereas serum concentrations of these proteins were generally normal. |
| 171 | 6361371 | Beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) as a parameter of the glomerular filtration rate has been measured by immunoassay in the serum of 100 diabetic subjects, 50 insulin-dependent (IDD), and 50 noninsulin-dependent (NIDD) patients. |
| 172 | 6369869 | Nineteen type I diabetic teen-agers without clinical signs of nephropathy with a duration of diabetes varying from 3 to 16.8 years were examined by a standardized exercise test for analysis of urinary excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin. |
| 173 | 6369870 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured as inulin clearance or creatinine clearance, clearance PAH (CPAH), filtration fraction (FF), 24-hour urinary excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and albumin were examined and correlated with short- and longterm indices of metabolic control. |
| 174 | 6401924 | A progressive increase in the fractional clearance of albumin, IgG, and beta 2-microglobulin was noted as the glomerular filtration rate fell, indicating an evolving defect in the renal handling of proteins. |
| 175 | 6765513 | Urinary excretion of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin during rest and exercise in diabetic adolescents with and without retinopathy. |
| 176 | 6765513 | To determine whether protein excretion during exercise is an earlier sign of renal dysfunction in diabetic adolescents than the basal measurements, urinary creatinine, total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin were studied before, immediately after, and 30 min after exercise until exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer in a group of 21 adolescent diabetic boys (Albustix negative) and in a comparable control group. |
| 177 | 6765513 | At rest, the urinary output of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin was significantly higher in diabetic subjects than in controls. |
| 178 | 6765513 | Urinary excretion of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin during rest and exercise in diabetic adolescents with and without retinopathy. |
| 179 | 6765513 | To determine whether protein excretion during exercise is an earlier sign of renal dysfunction in diabetic adolescents than the basal measurements, urinary creatinine, total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin were studied before, immediately after, and 30 min after exercise until exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer in a group of 21 adolescent diabetic boys (Albustix negative) and in a comparable control group. |
| 180 | 6765513 | At rest, the urinary output of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin was significantly higher in diabetic subjects than in controls. |
| 181 | 6765513 | Urinary excretion of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin during rest and exercise in diabetic adolescents with and without retinopathy. |
| 182 | 6765513 | To determine whether protein excretion during exercise is an earlier sign of renal dysfunction in diabetic adolescents than the basal measurements, urinary creatinine, total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin were studied before, immediately after, and 30 min after exercise until exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer in a group of 21 adolescent diabetic boys (Albustix negative) and in a comparable control group. |
| 183 | 6765513 | At rest, the urinary output of total proteins, albumin, and beta 2-microglobulin was significantly higher in diabetic subjects than in controls. |
| 184 | 6795930 | Urinary clearance and fractional urinary clearance of immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and beta 2-microglobulin (I beta 2M) were studied in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) before, during, and after treatment. |
| 185 | 6800824 | Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow (steady-state infusion technique with urinary collections using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran) kidney size (ultrasonic scanning) and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (radioimmunoassays) were measured. |
| 186 | 6800824 | Kidney size and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin did not change significantly. |
| 187 | 6800824 | Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow (steady-state infusion technique with urinary collections using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran) kidney size (ultrasonic scanning) and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin (radioimmunoassays) were measured. |
| 188 | 6800824 | Kidney size and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin did not change significantly. |
| 189 | 6927732 | In six poorly controlled insulin-dependent nephropathic diabetic patients, besides the parameters cited above, urinary albumin excretion rate and IgG/transferrin clearance ratio were further investigated to estimate the permeability and the selectivity of glomerular barrier during conventional treatment and after improvement of the metabolic control by a glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS). |
| 190 | 6927732 | Significant decreases of urinary albumin excretion and of IgG/transferrin clearance ratio (indicating a more selective proteinuria) during strict metabolic control were also observed in nephropathic diabetic patients. |
| 191 | 6927732 | The reduction of urinary beta-2-microglobulin and lysozyme excretion indicates that a tubular reabsorptive dysfunction, reversible with the amelioration of glycemic control, can be observed in poorly controlled, newly diagnosed and in insulin-dependent nephropathic diabetic patients during conventional treatment. |
| 192 | 6998798 | Intravenous insulin decreases urinary albumin excretion in long-term diabetics with nephropathy. |
| 193 | 6998798 | The effect of intravenous injection of insulin on heart rate, plasma noradrenaline and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin was examined in 10 long-term diabetics, 5 of whom had albuminuria. |
| 194 | 6998798 | --In patients without albuminuria intravenous injection of insulin resulted in changes similar to but less pronounced than those previously observed in short-term diabetics: albumin excretion, plasma noradrenaline and heart rate increased, creatinine excretion decreased significantly. |
| 195 | 6998798 | Contrary to expectation insulin decreased urinary albumin excretion (from 418 to 312 micrograms/min, 27 per cent) in these patients. |
| 196 | 6998798 | --The decrease in albumin excretion after insulin in diabetics with albuminuria is most likely due to renal vasoconstriction. |
| 197 | 6998798 | The absence of a rise in albumin excretion after insulin may be due to severe morphological changes in glomeruli in these patients. |
| 198 | 6998809 | The acute effect of insulin on heart rate, blood pressure, plasma noradrenaline and urinary albumin excretion. |
| 199 | 6998809 | The effect of intravenous insulin (7-8 U as a bolus injection) on renal haemodynamics and urinary excretion of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin was examined in five recent onset juvenile diabetics. |
| 200 | 6998809 | Urinary albumin excretion was approximately doubled after insulin, from 6.8 to 12.5 microgram/min. |
| 201 | 6998809 | Beta-2-microglobulin excretion decreased but this difference was not significant. -- It is concluded that the rise in heart rate and plasma noradrenaline, and the increase in urinary albumin excretion, after insulin, are unrelated to changes in blood glucose concentration. |
| 202 | 6998809 | It is suggested that increased albumin excretion after insulin is due to a direct effect of insulin on glomerular endothelial or epithelial cells. |
| 203 | 6998809 | The acute effect of insulin on heart rate, blood pressure, plasma noradrenaline and urinary albumin excretion. |
| 204 | 6998809 | The effect of intravenous insulin (7-8 U as a bolus injection) on renal haemodynamics and urinary excretion of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin was examined in five recent onset juvenile diabetics. |
| 205 | 6998809 | Urinary albumin excretion was approximately doubled after insulin, from 6.8 to 12.5 microgram/min. |
| 206 | 6998809 | Beta-2-microglobulin excretion decreased but this difference was not significant. -- It is concluded that the rise in heart rate and plasma noradrenaline, and the increase in urinary albumin excretion, after insulin, are unrelated to changes in blood glucose concentration. |
| 207 | 6998809 | It is suggested that increased albumin excretion after insulin is due to a direct effect of insulin on glomerular endothelial or epithelial cells. |
| 208 | 7001180 | Urinary excretion rates of beta-2-microglobulin and urinary volume decreased after insulin, whereas urinary albumin excretion increased. |
| 209 | 7001180 | When blood glucose was maintained by glucose infusion after insulin, glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow remained unaltered whereas plasma noradrenaline, heart rate, and urinary albumin excretion increased and beta-2-microglobulin excretion decreased. |
| 210 | 7001180 | Rise in albumin excretion after insulin is probably of glomerular origin and not caused by the fall in blood glucose or by changes in renal hemodynamics. |
| 211 | 7001180 | In patients with long-term diabetic nephropathy and albuminuria, insulin decreased albumin excretion (probably due to renal vasoconstriction) and plasma noradrenaline did not increase. |
| 212 | 7001180 | The mechanism of action of insulin on plasma noradrenaline, heart rate, plasma volume, and urinary albumin excretion is not known. |
| 213 | 7001180 | Urinary excretion rates of beta-2-microglobulin and urinary volume decreased after insulin, whereas urinary albumin excretion increased. |
| 214 | 7001180 | When blood glucose was maintained by glucose infusion after insulin, glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow remained unaltered whereas plasma noradrenaline, heart rate, and urinary albumin excretion increased and beta-2-microglobulin excretion decreased. |
| 215 | 7001180 | Rise in albumin excretion after insulin is probably of glomerular origin and not caused by the fall in blood glucose or by changes in renal hemodynamics. |
| 216 | 7001180 | In patients with long-term diabetic nephropathy and albuminuria, insulin decreased albumin excretion (probably due to renal vasoconstriction) and plasma noradrenaline did not increase. |
| 217 | 7001180 | The mechanism of action of insulin on plasma noradrenaline, heart rate, plasma volume, and urinary albumin excretion is not known. |
| 218 | 7003692 | Oral glucose increases urinary albumin excretion in normal subjects but not in insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 219 | 7003692 | Oral glucose had no effect on urinary albumin excretion in six insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 220 | 7003692 | The effect of oral glucose was not identical to the changes observed after intravenous insulin because oral glucose urinary volume and did not change beta-2-microglobulin excretion whereas insulin decreased both parameters. |
| 221 | 7031653 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is often accompanied by manifestations of autoimmunity and is frequently associated with certain HLA haplotypes, predominantly DR3 and DR4. |
| 222 | 7031653 | The major histocompatibility antigens corresponding to the H-2 K,D molecules in mice, the H1-A in rats, and the HLA-A, -B, and -C in humans were precipitated from both islet and lymphocyte lysates and were accompanied by beta 2-microglobulin. |
| 223 | 7050509 | The excretion rates of albumin, IgG and beta 2-microglobulin were studied in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with (Albustix positive) and without (Albustix negative) clinical proteinuria and in a group of nondiabetic controls. |
| 224 | 7050509 | In patients negative for clinical proteinuria, the mean excretion rate of albumin and IgG was increased but that of beta 2-microglobulin was normal. |
| 225 | 7050509 | In clinically proteinuric patients, long-term correction of hyperglycemia by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion failed to check the increasing albumin and IgG filtration. |
| 226 | 7050509 | The excretion rates of albumin, IgG and beta 2-microglobulin were studied in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with (Albustix positive) and without (Albustix negative) clinical proteinuria and in a group of nondiabetic controls. |
| 227 | 7050509 | In patients negative for clinical proteinuria, the mean excretion rate of albumin and IgG was increased but that of beta 2-microglobulin was normal. |
| 228 | 7050509 | In clinically proteinuric patients, long-term correction of hyperglycemia by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion failed to check the increasing albumin and IgG filtration. |
| 229 | 7095334 | Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow (steady state infusion technique with urinary collections using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran), kidney size (ultrasonic scanning) and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were measured. |
| 230 | 7095334 | Urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were unchanged. |
| 231 | 7095334 | Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow (steady state infusion technique with urinary collections using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran), kidney size (ultrasonic scanning) and urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were measured. |
| 232 | 7095334 | Urinary excretion rates of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were unchanged. |
| 233 | 7286497 | The effect of intravenous glucose infusion on glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow (constant infusion technique using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran) and on urinary excretion of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were studied in ten normal subjects and seven metabolically well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 234 | 7286497 | Urinary albumin excretion remained unchanged in both normal subjects and diabetics. beta-2-microglobulin excretion rate increased significantly in the diabetics following glucose infusion, while no significant change was seen in the normal subjects. |
| 235 | 7286497 | The effect of intravenous glucose infusion on glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow (constant infusion technique using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-hippuran) and on urinary excretion of albumin and beta-2-microglobulin were studied in ten normal subjects and seven metabolically well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 236 | 7286497 | Urinary albumin excretion remained unchanged in both normal subjects and diabetics. beta-2-microglobulin excretion rate increased significantly in the diabetics following glucose infusion, while no significant change was seen in the normal subjects. |
| 237 | 7429061 | Glomerular filtration rate, effective renal plasma flow (steady-state infusion technique, with urinary collections, using 125I-iothalamate and 131I-iodohippurate), and urinary albumin and beta 2-microglobulin excretion rates were measured. |
| 238 | 7587910 | The effects of EPA-E were determined by observing the changes of the index of urine albumin excretion level/urine creatinine (Cr) excretion level (UAI), the ratio of beta 2-microglobulin excretion level/urine Cr excretion level (beta 2-MG/Cr) and the ratio of N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase excretion level/urine Cr excretion level (NAG/Cr) at 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of the treatment. |
| 239 | 7589018 | The pathophysiologic mechanism behind microalbuminuria, a potential atherosclerotic risk factor, was explored by measuring fractional clearances of four endogenous plasma proteins of different size and electric charge (albumin, beta 2-microglobulin, immunoglobulin G, and immunoglobulin G4). |
| 240 | 7621616 | Urinary beta 2-microglobulin levels and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase enzyme activities in early diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus nephropathy. |
| 241 | 7621616 | To assess whether urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) levels could be used as predictors of diabetic nephropathy or not, 59 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were included in our study (31 females, 29 males; mean age 54 +/- 10.1). |
| 242 | 7621616 | Urinary beta 2-microglobulin levels and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase enzyme activities in early diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus nephropathy. |
| 243 | 7621616 | To assess whether urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) levels could be used as predictors of diabetic nephropathy or not, 59 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were included in our study (31 females, 29 males; mean age 54 +/- 10.1). |
| 244 | 7640495 | The total effective rate in treated and control group were 83.87% and 31.03%(P < 0.01), urinary micro-albumin were 31.7 mg/L and 76.3 mg/L (P < 0.05), proteinuria were 0.41 g/24h and 0.77 g/24h (P < 0.01), blood beta 2-microglobulin were 3317.8 ng/ml and 3473.1 ng/ml (P < 0.05), urinary beta 2-microglobulin were 367.2 ng/ml and 641.5 ng/ml (P < 0.01), urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) were 26.3 u/L and 66.7 u/L (P < 0.01), plasma lipid peroxide (LPO) were 6.13 nmol/L and 8.78 nmol/L (P < 0.05), and plasma superoxide anion were 8.36 kcpm and 10.42 kcpm respectively (P < 0.05). |
| 245 | 7657037 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and beta 2-microglobulin-gene-ablated mice (beta 2M -/-) show impaired presentation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and self-peptides, structures now recognized as critical for T-cell education to endogenous peptides. |
| 246 | 7657037 | The naturally occurring NOD class I presentation abnormality appears to be attributable to, in part, a quantitative defect in the production of Tap-1 mRNA; Tap-1 with Tap-2 normally functions as a transporter for stable self-peptide and class I assembly. |
| 247 | 7753432 | [Plasma beta 2-microglobulin in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 248 | 7759206 | In the present study we aimed to investigate plasma and urinary Epo levels and their renal handling in relation to beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), sodium metabolism and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), respectively, in patients with sub-nephrotic range proteinuria (SNP), microalbuminuric diabetics and hypertensives, and in healthy subjects studied on a standardized diet containing 120 mmol sodium and 70 g protein per day. |
| 249 | 7819154 | beta 2-Microglobulin (beta 2m)-deficient non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice were established by crossing beta 2m-deficient 129/Sv mice with NOD mice, and used to examine the possible involvement of MHC class I molecules and CD8+ T cells in the development of insulitis and diabetes. |
| 250 | 7819154 | These findings support the notion that the expression of MHC class I molecules and/or CD8+ T cells plays an essential role in the infiltration of CD4+ T cells in islets as well as the development of diabetes in NOD mice. |
| 251 | 7825233 | Brainstem auditory evoked potential, visual evoked potential and nerve conduction velocity and their relation with HbA1c and beta 2 microglobulin in children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 252 | 7868080 | Intracerebral and cerebrovascular beta-protein amyloid deposits are a hallmark of the pathology of both sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease, beta 2-microglobulin-derived amyloid is a common complication of long term haemodialysis, and islet amyloid polypeptide is the fibril protein in the universal islet amyloidosis of type II diabetes mellitus. |
| 253 | 7868080 | New fibril proteins have lately been identified in hereditary amyloidosis, including variants of gelsolin, apolipoprotein AI, lysozyme and fibrinogen. |
| 254 | 7868080 | The development of radiolabelled serum amyloid P component (SAP) scintigraphy has allowed amyloid to be diagnosed non-invasively in vivo for the first time, provided unique insight into the distribution and size of amyloid deposits, and yielded novel information on the natural history and the effects of treatment. |
| 255 | 7963585 | To study the involvement of MHC class I and class I-restricted CD8+ T cells in the induction of a classical Ab-mediated disease, experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), we immunized beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-m) gene-disrupted (beta 2 m-/-) C57BL10 (B10) mice, deficient in class I gene expression and CD8+ cells, and heterozygous (beta 2-m+/-) B10 mice with normal expression of class I molecules and sufficient CD8+ cells with Torpedo acetylcholine receptor in CFA, and assessed them for clinical and immunopathologic manifestations of EAMG. |
| 256 | 7963585 | The finding provided direct genetic evidence against a pathogenic effector role in C57BL10 mice for MHC class I molecule and class I-restricted CD8+ T cells in EAMG pathogenesis. |
| 257 | 8243849 | Significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found between urinary albumin concentration and beta 2-microglobulin in serum, systolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides, serum HDL-cholesterol (inversely), HbA1c, and peripheral vascular disease. |
| 258 | 8314024 | Although it is widely agreed that class II-restricted CD4+ T-cells are essential for the development of diabetes in the NOD model, some studies have suggested that CD8+ T-cells are not required for beta-cell destruction. |
| 259 | 8314024 | To assess the contribution of CD8+ T-cells to diabetes, we have developed a class of NOD mouse that lacks expression of beta 2-microglobulin (NOD-B2mnull). |
| 260 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 261 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 262 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 263 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 264 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 265 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 266 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 267 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 268 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 269 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 270 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 271 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 272 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 273 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 274 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 275 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 276 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 277 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 278 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 279 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 280 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 281 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 282 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 283 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 284 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 285 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 286 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 287 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 288 | 8365091 | The presence of coronary heart disease, neuropathy and retinopathy, cardiovascular risk factors and 24-h urinary excretion rate of albumin, beta-2-microglobulin, and IgG were examined. |
| 289 | 8428402 | Increased urinary albumin and beta 2-microglobulin excretion, not associated with drug therapy, is present in patients with early HIV infection. |
| 290 | 8439475 | Early tubular alterations were studied in 53 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 32 of whom were followed at regular 6-monthly intervals for 3 years. |
| 291 | 8439475 | The urinary levels of retinol-binding protein (RBP), beta 2-microglobulin and brush border antigens (BBA) (determined by monoclonal enzyme immunoassay) were taken as indices of functional and cellular tubular alterations; urinary albumin was considered an early marker of glomerular alterations. |
| 292 | 8445289 | We measured in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study the effect of a thromboxane synthase inhibitor (FCE 22178, 400 mg two or three times per day) on urinary excretion of thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, glomerular filtration rate (measured as clearance of polyfructosan), effective renal plasma flow (clearance of para-aminohippuric acid), fractional clearances of albumin and immunoglobin G and the reabsorption rate of beta 2-microglobulin in 15 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic nephropathy. |
| 293 | 8450710 | Excretion of urinary epidermal growth factor in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 294 | 8450710 | Morning urine samples were assayed for human EGF (hEGF) in 137 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with normal serum creatinine and beta 2-microglobulin levels. |
| 295 | 8450710 | A significant positive correlation between hEGF excretion and the level of hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) was present in those patients with a HbA1c value exceeding 8% (r = 0.37; p = 0.003) but not in the overall patients. |
| 296 | 8450710 | In the patients with HbA1c value below 8%, the mean urinary hEGF level was lower in the patients whose urinary albumin level exceeded 1.7 mg/mmol.creatinine as compared with those whose urinary albumin excretion was below 1.7 mg/mmol.creatinine. |
| 297 | 8544416 | Urinary excretion of five low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) [beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), cystatin C (cyst C), Clara cell protein (CC16), retinol-binding protein (RBP) and alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1m)], albumin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were quantified in 16 patients who followed a weight reduction program which included Chinese herbs, which have been incriminated in the genesis of Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN). |
| 298 | 8544416 | In four of them (CHN1a) only beta 2m, RBP and CC16 were increased while total proteinuria and SCr were normal. |
| 299 | 8544416 | In the other four (CHN1b and c) albumin, cyst C, alpha 1m and NAG were also elevated, while total proteinuria and SCr were moderately raised. |
| 300 | 8544416 | Five patients (CHN2) with a S beta 2m > or = 5 mg/liter had a markedly increased excretion of all LMWP, albumin and NAG (CHN1 vs. |
| 301 | 8544416 | The urinary LMWP/albumin concentration ratio was strikingly higher in CHN patients than in patients with glomerular albuminuria (CHN1 vs. |
| 302 | 8544416 | Its most sensitive and reliable marker is a raised urinary level of CC16 or RBP. |
| 303 | 8573727 | However, it caused a transient increase in creatinine clearance only in DM + GHF although GTN did not, and an exaggerated excretion of urinary albumin in early NIDDM, especially in DM+GHF, without a change in beta 2-microglobulin excretion. |
| 304 | 8583702 | According to the rate of urinary albumin excretion, a total of 60 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were separated into normoalbuminuria (< 28.8 mg/day), microalbuminuria (28.8 approximately 288 mg/day), and overt proteinuria (> 288 mg/day). |
| 305 | 8583702 | Urinary concentrations of albumin, alpha 1-microglobulin, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were also evaluated. |
| 306 | 8583702 | There was a significant correlation between the urinary excretion of Tf and that of albumin, alpha 1-microglobulin or NAG. |
| 307 | 8721333 | There was no correlation between serum TIMP-1 and serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, serum and urinary beta 2-microglobulin, urinary NAG, HbA1c, or urinary TIMP-1. |
| 308 | 8721333 | There was a significant correlation between urinary TIMP-1 and urinary albumin, and was a significant correlation between urinary TIMP-1 and urinary NAG. |
| 309 | 8754411 | The most widely used are lysosomal enzyme N acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and brush border enzymes alanine-aminopeptidase (AAP) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT). tubular damage in hypertension, diabetes and in diagnostics of renal disease. |
| 310 | 8754411 | AAP and GGT, brush border enzymes seem to be sensitive markers of renal injury too. |
| 311 | 8754411 | Favour are alpha-1-microglobulin (alpha-1-m) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) because they are less affected than beta-2-microglobulin (beta-2-m) by low urine pH. |
| 312 | 8754411 | Above presented review confirm that further research in correlation between activity of disease, histological picture, deterioration in renal function and changes in urinary excretion of markers proteins (for example alpha-1-m, AAP, NAG, GGT) is advisable, and can contribute to use in clinic diagnostics of GN. |
| 313 | 8765018 | The role of CD8+ T cells in the initiation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 314 | 8765018 | While it is generally accepted that T cells are critical for the development of diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, the precise functions of the CD4+ and CD8+ subsets remain ill-defined. |
| 315 | 8765018 | Transfer experiments have provided evidence that CD4+ cells are the disease initiators, provoking massive mononuclear leukocyte infiltration into the pancreatic islets, while CD8+ cells play an effector role, responsible for the final destruction of islet beta cells. |
| 316 | 8765018 | It was surprising, then, to find that NOD mice carrying a null mutation at the beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-mu) locus, and thereby lacking major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and CD8+ T cells, developed neither insulitis nor diabetes. |
| 317 | 8765018 | Transfer experiments indicate that the lack of CD8+ cells during this period somehow alters the phenotype of CD4+ cells, preventing them from expressing their insulitis potential. |
| 318 | 8765018 | Given that neither the beta 2-mu mutation nor anti-CD8 treatment affect insulitis in a T cell receptor transgenic (tg) mouse strain with a CD4+ T cell repertoire highly skewed for an anti-islet cell reactivity, the most straight-forward interpretation of these observations is that CD8+ cells are required for effective priming and expansion of autoreactive CD4+ cells. |
| 319 | 8918714 | It has recently been shown that beta 2-microglobulin isolated from amyloid deposits in dialysis patients is modified by advanced glycation (AGE). |
| 320 | 8960840 | In an univariate analysis of baseline data, deceased patients, and especially those who died from macrovascular causes had significantly higher fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, von Willebrand-factor protein, urine albumin excretion, and serum beta 2-microglobulin, were significantly older, exhibited significantly more ischaemic heart disease (abnormal ECG Minnesota codes), carotid artery and peripheral vascular disease (both determined by ultrasound-Doppler), and had significantly inferior knowledge about diabetes and its treatment. |
| 321 | 8982738 | In diabetic patients uGH excretion was related to beta 2-microglobulin excretion (r = 0.308; p = 0.005) and to urinary albumin excretion (r = 0.230; p = 0.02) but it was independent of HbA1c and overnight glycemic values. |
| 322 | 8982738 | The coefficient of variation of uGH was not related to HbA1c, the duration of diabetes, the coefficient of variation of urinary albumin excretion and the coefficient of variation of beta 2-microglobulin excretion. |
| 323 | 8982738 | In diabetic patients uGH excretion was related to beta 2-microglobulin excretion (r = 0.308; p = 0.005) and to urinary albumin excretion (r = 0.230; p = 0.02) but it was independent of HbA1c and overnight glycemic values. |
| 324 | 8982738 | The coefficient of variation of uGH was not related to HbA1c, the duration of diabetes, the coefficient of variation of urinary albumin excretion and the coefficient of variation of beta 2-microglobulin excretion. |
| 325 | 9048345 | The presence of AGE in beta 2-microglobulin-amyloid fibrils of dialysis-related amyloidosis, one of the characteristic features of which is an accelerated bone resorption around amyloid deposits, was recently demonstrated. |
| 326 | 9102926 | Urinary levels of beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2 MG) and dipeptidipeptidse IV (DPP IV) were measured in 30 insulin dependent diabetes mellitus children aged 5 to 18 years. |
| 327 | 9187409 | Although the glycation of albumin increases its negative charge compared to non-glycated albumin, the glycation of transferrin does not change its charge. |
| 328 | 9187409 | The percentage of urinary glycated transferrin (serum %G-transferrin) positively correlated with serum fructosamine concentrations and the percentage of serum glycated albumin (serum %G-albumin) in all subjects. |
| 329 | 9187409 | Urinary concentrations of transferrin and beta 2-microglobulin strongly correlated in diabetic patients with microproteinuria, while no significant correlation was observed in subjects with diabetic macroproteinuria or non-diabetic proteinuria. |
| 330 | 9187409 | Urine/serum (U/S) ratio of %G-albumin in the patients with diabetic proteinuria was significantly lower than that in subjects with non-diabetic proteinuria, while no difference of the U/S ratio of %G-transferrin was observed between any groups. |
| 331 | 9187409 | Furthermore, U-%G-transferrin/U-%G-albumin ratio was highest in the diabetic patients with microproteinuria. |
| 332 | 9324678 | Cholesterol, triglicerides, HDL and LDH1 cholesterole, apolipoprotein A1 and B, endogenous creatinine urinary protein and albumin excretion, beta-2-microglobulin were measured. |
| 333 | 9367005 | Results of immunochemically determined marker proteins ([micro]albumin, transferrin, beta 2-microglobulin) are unreliable due to digestion by pancreatic enzymes. |
| 334 | 9442815 | The markers reviewed include (1) glomerular--transferrin, fibronectin, and other components of glomerular extracellular matrix, and (2) tubular--low molecular weight proteins (beta 2 microglobulin, retinol binding protein, alpha 1 microglobulin, urine protein 1), other proteins such as Tamm-Horsfall protein, beta 2 glycoprotein-1, urinary enzymes (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, cholinesterase, gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, alanine aminopeptidase), and tubular brush-border antigen. |
| 335 | 9570569 | NOR IDDM resistance was previously found to be largely controlled by the Idd13 locus within an approximately 24 cM segment on Chromosome 2 encompassing BKS-derived alleles for H3a, B2m, Il1, and Pcna. |
| 336 | 9570569 | Since trans-interactions between relatively common and functionally normal allelic variants may contribute to IDDM in NOD mice, the search for Idd genes in humans should not be limited to functionally defective variants. |
| 337 | 9725962 | In 90 per cent of cases a mutation is found in an MHC-class-like gene designated HFE, involving a substitution at position 282 of the HFE protein and resulting in defective binding of beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 338 | 10370741 | The urinary excretion of dipeptidase (U/mmol creatinine) showed significant inverse correlations with that of beta 2-microglobulin, albumin and alpha 1-microglobulin, and with serum concentrations of creatinine, beta 2-microglobulin and alpha 1-microglobulin. |
| 339 | 10655727 | In addition, urine samples were assayed for albumin, transferrin, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. |
| 340 | 10655727 | While the excretion of IgG correlated with that of albumin and transferrin, there was no correlation between the excretion of IgG and the other laboratory indices evaluated. |
| 341 | 10853552 | The carpal tunnel syndrome is frequent in hemodialysis patients, and surgery gives the opportunity to look for beta-2-microglobulin amyloid deposits. |
| 342 | 11113688 | Urine samples collected were analysed for albumin, beta(2)-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). |
| 343 | 11113688 | Results showed that urinary albumin, RBP and beta(2)-microglobulin levels were higher in patients with macro- and/or microvascular complications, compared to those without. |
| 344 | 11113688 | Patients with associated hypertension had higher urinary levels of albumin and beta(2)-microglobulin, regardless of whether complications were present or not. |
| 345 | 11113688 | Urine albumin and RBP excretion were predictive of microvascular, as well as both macrovascular and microvascular complications, whereas NAG excretion was predictive of macro- and microvascular complications. |
| 346 | 11113688 | Urine samples collected were analysed for albumin, beta(2)-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). |
| 347 | 11113688 | Results showed that urinary albumin, RBP and beta(2)-microglobulin levels were higher in patients with macro- and/or microvascular complications, compared to those without. |
| 348 | 11113688 | Patients with associated hypertension had higher urinary levels of albumin and beta(2)-microglobulin, regardless of whether complications were present or not. |
| 349 | 11113688 | Urine albumin and RBP excretion were predictive of microvascular, as well as both macrovascular and microvascular complications, whereas NAG excretion was predictive of macro- and microvascular complications. |
| 350 | 11113688 | Urine samples collected were analysed for albumin, beta(2)-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG). |
| 351 | 11113688 | Results showed that urinary albumin, RBP and beta(2)-microglobulin levels were higher in patients with macro- and/or microvascular complications, compared to those without. |
| 352 | 11113688 | Patients with associated hypertension had higher urinary levels of albumin and beta(2)-microglobulin, regardless of whether complications were present or not. |
| 353 | 11113688 | Urine albumin and RBP excretion were predictive of microvascular, as well as both macrovascular and microvascular complications, whereas NAG excretion was predictive of macro- and microvascular complications. |
| 354 | 11298122 | NOD DC, in contrast to CBA DC, have very low levels of intracellular I-A molecules and cell surface expression of MHC class II, CD80, CD86 and CD40 but normal beta 2-microglobulin expression. |
| 355 | 11298122 | Incubation with the strong inflammatory stimulus of LPS and IFN-gamma does not increase class II MHC, CD80 or CD86, but upregulates the level of CD40. |
| 356 | 11298122 | However all the DC irrespective of origin were able to produce TNF-alpha, IL-6, low levels of IL-12(p70) and NO in response to LPS plus IFN-gamma. |
| 357 | 11298122 | A gene or genes specific to the NOD strain, but outside the MHC region, therefore must regulate the differentiation of DC in response to GM-CSF. |
| 358 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 359 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 360 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 361 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 362 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 363 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 364 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 365 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 366 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 367 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 368 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 369 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 370 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 371 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 372 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 373 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 374 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 375 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 376 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 377 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 378 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 379 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 380 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 381 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 382 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 383 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 384 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 385 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 386 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 387 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 388 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 389 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 390 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 391 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 392 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 393 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 394 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 395 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 396 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 397 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 398 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 399 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 400 | 11479157 | We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula. |
| 401 | 11479157 | Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 402 | 11479157 | Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001). |
| 403 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels. |
| 404 | 11479157 | With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters). |
| 405 | 11479157 | When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin. |
| 406 | 11479157 | Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests. |
| 407 | 12738401 | Evaluation of cystatin C and beta-2 microglobulin as markers of renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
| 408 | 12953929 | The distribution of human cells and human insulin secretion in mouse tissue studied by immunohistochemistry for anti-human-specific beta-2-microglobulin and anti-human-specific insulin shows the same location in mouse tissue. |
| 409 | 15035974 | We present eight genes implicated in type 1 diabetes etiology and discuss them in relation to the pathogenesis of the disease: VDR, IL6, IL12B, AIRE, FOXP3, B2m, Cblb, and Lyp/Ian4l1. |
| 410 | 15279557 | In a similar way, the glycation rate of hemoglobin, isolated from diabetic blood and of beta-2-microglobulin isolated from amyloid plaques from uremic patients was determined. |
| 411 | 16085039 | We sought to identify candidate control genes by analyzing seven functionally distinct housekeeping genes (B2M, GAPDH, HMBS, HPRT, SDHA, TBP, YWHAZ) for their expression stability and level in the placenta. mRNA isolated from 20 placentae was analyzed for gene expression using RT-PCR. |
| 412 | 16085039 | TBP and SDHA were the most stable, with an average expression stability of M = 0.43, followed by YWHAZ (M = 0.44) > HPRT (M = 0.53) > HMBS (M = 0.57) > GAPDH (M = 0.61) > B2M (M = 0.69). |
| 413 | 16085039 | By using TBP, SDHA and YWHAZ, with greater expression stability than those housekeeping genes commonly used in placenta studies, gene expression profile comparisons will have more sensitivity and specificity. |
| 414 | 16229893 | Beta-2 microglobulin (beta2m) is a member of the immunoglobulin-like domain superfamily that is an essential structural subunit of the MHC class I (MHC-I) molecule. beta2m was previously identified as a susceptibility factor for the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in NOD mice, whereby transgenic expression of the beta2ma variant, but not the beta2mb variant, restored diabetes susceptibility to normally resistant NOD.beta2mnull mice. |
| 415 | 16523407 | Suppression of transforming growth factor-beta1 gene expression by Danggui buxue tang, a traditional Chinese herbal preparation, in retarding the progress of renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 416 | 16523407 | Streptozotocin-dependent alterations in renal weight/body weight ratio, urinary albumin and beta (2)-microglobulin concentrations, urinary albumin excretion rate, and creatinine clearance were ameliorated after eight weeks of treatment with either DBT or the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, benazepril. |
| 417 | 16523407 | However, eight weeks of treatment with DBT failed to modify the concentration of angiotensin II in plasma or kidney, indicating that the ability of the preparation to retard the progression of kidney disease was not attributable to inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 418 | 17065335 | Using this module, the induction of eight NFKB_IRFF_01-dependant genes was correctly predicted in progressive DN (B2M, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL10/IP10, EDN1, HLA-A, HLA-B, IFNB1, and VCAM1). |
| 419 | 17130467 | Expression of interferon (IFN)-beta in beta-cells of transgenic mice led to islet beta(2)-microglobulin and Fas hyperexpression and increased lymphocytic infiltration. |
| 420 | 17130467 | IGF-I expression in IFN-beta-expressing beta-cells of double-transgenic mice reduced beta(2)-microglobulin, blocked Fas expression, and counteracted islet infiltration. |
| 421 | 17130467 | This was parallel to a decrease in beta-cell death by apoptosis in islets of STZ-treated IGF-I+IFN-beta-expressing mice. |
| 422 | 17130467 | Expression of interferon (IFN)-beta in beta-cells of transgenic mice led to islet beta(2)-microglobulin and Fas hyperexpression and increased lymphocytic infiltration. |
| 423 | 17130467 | IGF-I expression in IFN-beta-expressing beta-cells of double-transgenic mice reduced beta(2)-microglobulin, blocked Fas expression, and counteracted islet infiltration. |
| 424 | 17130467 | This was parallel to a decrease in beta-cell death by apoptosis in islets of STZ-treated IGF-I+IFN-beta-expressing mice. |
| 425 | 17177138 | Blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), high density lipoprotein (HDL), serum creatinine (Scr), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine beta (2)-microglobin (beta (2)-MG), kidney/body weight (K/B) ratio, glomerular area (GA), renal transforming growth factor-beta (1) (TGF-beta (1)) mRNA expression and blood and renal angiotensin II (AngII) expression were determined 8 weeks after the treatment. |
| 426 | 17177138 | K/B ratio, GA, the excretion of beta (2)-MG, renal TGF-beta (1) mRNA expression and blood and renal AngII expression were significantly increased while the HDL level was decreased 8 week after STZ injection. |
| 427 | 17177138 | Our results suggest that GQM alleviates the disorder in blood glucose and lipids, protects against the progression of renal nephropathy in diabetic rats, probably by inhibiting the expression of AngII and TGF-beta (1) mRNA. |
| 428 | 17926233 | Albumin, Ig kappa chain, prostaglandin D2 synthase, lysozyme C, plasma retinol binding protein and beta-2-microglobulin were identified as the major CML-modified proteins. |
| 429 | 20555331 | Then, the effects on blood pressure, urinary albumin excretion (UAE), type IV collagen and beta(2)-microglobulin (beta2MG) were determined. |
| 430 | 22349361 | Glomerular filtration rate is estimated using serum creatinine, cystatin C and beta 2 microglobulin. |
| 431 | 22349361 | This study also examined the effects of combination and monotherapy on various renal variables viz. albumin, total proteins, TGF-β, TNF-α, VEGF, nitric oxide, adiponectin and erythropoeitin. |
| 432 | 23085980 | Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), and urinary biomarkers; albumin, lipocalin 2 (Lcn-2), osteopontin (Opn), kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), renal papillary antigen 1 (Rpa-1), α-glutathione S-transferase (α-Gst), µ-glutathione S-transferase (µ-Gst), and beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) were measured in disease models and appropriate controls to determine the response of these biomarkers to CM administration. |
| 433 | 23085980 | When 1.5-fold or greater sCr increases from pre-CM were used to define true positives, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of biomarker performance showed sCr was the best predictor of CIN across disease models. β2m, Lcn-2, and BUN were the best predictors of histopathology defined kidney injury. |