Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CAPN10

Gene name: calpain 10

HGNC ID: 1477

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ACTB	1 hits
2	ADIPOQ	1 hits
3	ADRB3	1 hits
4	AKT1	1 hits
5	CAPN1	1 hits
6	CAPN2	1 hits
7	CAPN3	1 hits
8	CAPN9	1 hits
9	CASP3	1 hits
10	CASP8	1 hits
11	CDKAL1	1 hits
12	CDKN2A	1 hits
13	CFTR	1 hits
14	ENPP1	1 hits
15	FTO	1 hits
16	GPR35	1 hits
17	HBB	1 hits
18	HNF1A	1 hits
19	IGF2BP2	1 hits
20	INS	1 hits
21	IRS1	1 hits
22	KCNE2	1 hits
23	KCNJ11	1 hits
24	NDUFB8	1 hits
25	NIDDM1	1 hits
26	PPARG	1 hits
27	PPARGC1A	1 hits
28	RYR2	1 hits
29	SLC2A2	1 hits
30	SLC2A4	1 hits
31	SLC30A8	1 hits
32	TCF7L2	1 hits
33	UCP2	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	11017071	This putative diabetes-susceptibility gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed member of the calpain-like cysteine protease family, calpain-10 (CAPN10).
2	11018080	A calpain-10 gene polymorphism is associated with reduced muscle mRNA levels and insulin resistance.
3	11018080	A decreased rate of insulin-mediated glucose turnover, or insulin resistance, is one mechanism by which the polymorphism in CAPN10 may increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in older persons.
4	11018080	A calpain-10 gene polymorphism is associated with reduced muscle mRNA levels and insulin resistance.
5	11018080	A decreased rate of insulin-mediated glucose turnover, or insulin resistance, is one mechanism by which the polymorphism in CAPN10 may increase susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in older persons.
6	11197848	Attempts are being made to differentiate non-beta cells(including ES cells) into insulin-producing cells in vitro or in vivo. 2) Very recently, an intron variation in calpain 10 gene was found to be associated with type 2 diabetes, which confirmed the importance of SNPs in common diseases.
7	11307309	This form of diabetes can result from mutations in at least seven different genes: hepatocyte nuclear factor(HNF)-4 alpha/MODY1, glucokinase/MODY2, HNF-1 alpha/MODY3, insulin promoter factor(IPF-1)/MODY4, HNF-1 beta/MODY5, NeuroD1/MODY6 and Islet(Isl)-1/MODY7.
8	11307309	Mutations in HNF-1 alpha/MODY3 are the most common cause of MODY in Japanese identified to date accounting for about 15% of cases of MODY.
9	11307309	Mutations in the HNF-4 alpha/MODY1, glucokinase/MODY2, HNF-1 beta/MODY5 and Isl-1/MODY7 genes have also been found in Japanese; however, they are rare causes of MODY.
10	11307309	Patients who have mutations in the HNF-1 beta/MODY5 gene have non-diabetic kidney dysfunction including renal cysts.
11	11307309	Genetic approach for type 2 diabetes had done by using non-parameteric linkage analysis such as sibpair analysis which worked well and NIDDM1 and NIDDM2 have been identified to date.
12	11307309	The responsible gene for NIDDM1 was recently identified to be Calpain 10, and SNP43 in this gene could explain all of the evidence for linkage in Mexican American type 2 diabetes.
13	11350192	The DNA polymorphism SNP-43 in the calpain-10 gene is associated with insulin resistance and reduced skeletal muscle transcript in Pima Indians.
14	11473094	Absence of association of type 2 diabetes with CAPN10 and PC-1 polymorphisms in Oji-Cree.
15	11481585	Variation in CAPN10, the gene encoding the ubiquitously expressed cysteine protease calpain-10, has been associated with type 2 diabetes in Mexican Americans and in two northern-European populations, from Finland and Germany.
16	11516996	Overactivation of calpain 1 and calpain 2 (and their small subunit) has long been tied to acute neurological disorders (e.g. stroke and traumatic brain injury) and recently to Alzheimer's disease.
17	11516996	Calpain 10 was recently identified as a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes, whereas calpain 9 appears to be a gastric cancer suppressor.
18	11522666	Studies of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes suggest that variation in the calpain-10 gene affects susceptibility to this common disorder, raising the possibility that calpain-sensitive pathways may play a role in regulating insulin secretion and/or action.
19	11522666	Here, we report that short-term (4-h) exposure to the cell-permeable calpain inhibitors calpain inhibitor II and E-64-d increases the insulin secretory response to glucose in mouse pancreatic islets.
20	11522666	In muscle strips and adipocytes, exposure to both calpain inhibitor II and E-64-d reduced insulin-mediated glucose transport.
21	11522685	Functional significance of the UCSNP-43 polymorphism in the CAPN10 gene for proinsulin processing and insulin secretion in nondiabetic Germans.
22	11683767	Many common variants in functional and positional candidate genes, including ADRB3, PPARG, ENPP1, and CAPN10, have also been studied for their possible role as determinants of type 2 diabetes, with varying levels of agreement between studies.
23	11756349	Studies in nondiabetic Pima Indians showed that one of the at-risk DNA polymorphisms, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-43, in CAPN10 was associated with insulin resistance, and individuals with the G/G-genotype had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose and 2-h insulin concentrations after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
24	11756349	We have examined the effect of variation in CAPN10 on plasma glucose and insulin levels in a group of 285 nondiabetic British subjects after a 75-g OGTT.
25	11756349	We conclude that genetic variation in the CAPN10 gene influences blood glucose levels in nondiabetic British subjects and that this is due, at least in part, to the effects of calpain-10 on the early insulin secretory response.
26	11756349	Studies in nondiabetic Pima Indians showed that one of the at-risk DNA polymorphisms, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-43, in CAPN10 was associated with insulin resistance, and individuals with the G/G-genotype had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose and 2-h insulin concentrations after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
27	11756349	We have examined the effect of variation in CAPN10 on plasma glucose and insulin levels in a group of 285 nondiabetic British subjects after a 75-g OGTT.
28	11756349	We conclude that genetic variation in the CAPN10 gene influences blood glucose levels in nondiabetic British subjects and that this is due, at least in part, to the effects of calpain-10 on the early insulin secretory response.
29	11756349	Studies in nondiabetic Pima Indians showed that one of the at-risk DNA polymorphisms, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-43, in CAPN10 was associated with insulin resistance, and individuals with the G/G-genotype had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose and 2-h insulin concentrations after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
30	11756349	We have examined the effect of variation in CAPN10 on plasma glucose and insulin levels in a group of 285 nondiabetic British subjects after a 75-g OGTT.
31	11756349	We conclude that genetic variation in the CAPN10 gene influences blood glucose levels in nondiabetic British subjects and that this is due, at least in part, to the effects of calpain-10 on the early insulin secretory response.
32	11836299	Common intronic variants seem to alter CAPN10 mRNA levels and were associated with insulin resistance but not diabetes in Pima Indians.
33	11836299	We found some evidence for linkage of T2DM to chromosome 2q approximately 20 cM proximal to the NIDDM1/CAPN10 locus.
34	11836299	To test the hypothesis that CAPN10 is a diabetes susceptibility locus in Caucasian families at high risk for T2DM, we examined the influence of the three previously implicated CAPN10 variants on both diabetes risk and measures of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
35	11836299	However, CAPN10 influences insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic members of kindreds at high risk for T2DM.
36	11836299	Common intronic variants seem to alter CAPN10 mRNA levels and were associated with insulin resistance but not diabetes in Pima Indians.
37	11836299	We found some evidence for linkage of T2DM to chromosome 2q approximately 20 cM proximal to the NIDDM1/CAPN10 locus.
38	11836299	To test the hypothesis that CAPN10 is a diabetes susceptibility locus in Caucasian families at high risk for T2DM, we examined the influence of the three previously implicated CAPN10 variants on both diabetes risk and measures of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
39	11836299	However, CAPN10 influences insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic members of kindreds at high risk for T2DM.
40	11836299	Common intronic variants seem to alter CAPN10 mRNA levels and were associated with insulin resistance but not diabetes in Pima Indians.
41	11836299	We found some evidence for linkage of T2DM to chromosome 2q approximately 20 cM proximal to the NIDDM1/CAPN10 locus.
42	11836299	To test the hypothesis that CAPN10 is a diabetes susceptibility locus in Caucasian families at high risk for T2DM, we examined the influence of the three previously implicated CAPN10 variants on both diabetes risk and measures of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
43	11836299	However, CAPN10 influences insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic members of kindreds at high risk for T2DM.
44	11836299	Common intronic variants seem to alter CAPN10 mRNA levels and were associated with insulin resistance but not diabetes in Pima Indians.
45	11836299	We found some evidence for linkage of T2DM to chromosome 2q approximately 20 cM proximal to the NIDDM1/CAPN10 locus.
46	11836299	To test the hypothesis that CAPN10 is a diabetes susceptibility locus in Caucasian families at high risk for T2DM, we examined the influence of the three previously implicated CAPN10 variants on both diabetes risk and measures of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.
47	11836299	However, CAPN10 influences insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in nondiabetic members of kindreds at high risk for T2DM.
48	11891618	Recently, a positional cloning study proposed that haplotypes at the calpain-10 locus (CAPN10) are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, in Mexican Americans, Finns, and Germans.
49	11932299	Recent evidence suggests that variation in the gene encoding the cysteine protease calpain-10 influences susceptibility to type 2 diabetes.
50	12021163	However, only NIDDM1 has been mapped to a single gene, and that gene (calpain 10) appears to have a major role only in selected populations.
51	12083814	No evidence for involvement of the calpain-10 gene 'high-risk' haplotype combination for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in early onset obesity.
52	12083814	In light of evidence of linkage of obesity to chromosome 2q31-q37, we hypothesized that the calpain-10 gene 'high-risk' haplotype combination for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is involved in early onset obesity.
53	12083814	No evidence for involvement of the calpain-10 gene 'high-risk' haplotype combination for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in early onset obesity.
54	12083814	In light of evidence of linkage of obesity to chromosome 2q31-q37, we hypothesized that the calpain-10 gene 'high-risk' haplotype combination for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is involved in early onset obesity.
55	12107250	Polymorphism in the calpain-10 gene is linked to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and decreased thermogenesis.
56	12133483	[The UCSNP44 variation of calpain 10 gene on NIDDM1 locus and its impact on plasma glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients].
57	12145185	Variants in the calpain-10 gene predispose to insulin resistance and elevated free fatty acid levels.
58	12145185	Because FFA and insulin resistance are known to predict type 2 diabetes, the finding that variation in the CAPN10 gene influences FFA levels and insulin resistance may provide an explanation for how the CAPN10 gene increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes.
59	12145185	Variants in the calpain-10 gene predispose to insulin resistance and elevated free fatty acid levels.
60	12145185	Because FFA and insulin resistance are known to predict type 2 diabetes, the finding that variation in the CAPN10 gene influences FFA levels and insulin resistance may provide an explanation for how the CAPN10 gene increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes.
61	12201821	The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and calpain-10 (CAPN10) genes have recently been identified as T2DM susceptibility genes, and the lessons learnt from these studies are helping to shape future strategies to search for additional susceptibility genes in T2DM and insulin resistance.
62	12324979	The Japanese have a higher prevalence of polymorphisms for at least three genes that code for proteins thought to play key roles in lipid and glucose metabolism: the beta 3-adrenergic receptor, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and calpain-10.
63	12453914	Variants within the calpain-10 gene on chromosome 2q37 (NIDDM1) and relationships to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and impaired acute insulin secretion among Scandinavian Caucasians.
64	12453914	In conclusion, the frequency of the 112/121 at-risk haplotype of CAPN10 is low among Scandinavians and we were unable to demonstrate significant associations between the CAPN10 variants and type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, or impaired insulin secretion.
65	12453914	Variants within the calpain-10 gene on chromosome 2q37 (NIDDM1) and relationships to type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and impaired acute insulin secretion among Scandinavian Caucasians.
66	12453914	In conclusion, the frequency of the 112/121 at-risk haplotype of CAPN10 is low among Scandinavians and we were unable to demonstrate significant associations between the CAPN10 variants and type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, or impaired insulin secretion.
67	12457873	Casein zymography, immunoblot analysis for alpha-spectrin, calpain 2, and calpain 10 were performed to detect activation of calpain in lens samples.
68	12457873	The WBN/Kob model may be useful for elucidating the roles of calpain 2 and calpain 10 in human cataractogenesis.
69	12457873	Casein zymography, immunoblot analysis for alpha-spectrin, calpain 2, and calpain 10 were performed to detect activation of calpain in lens samples.
70	12457873	The WBN/Kob model may be useful for elucidating the roles of calpain 2 and calpain 10 in human cataractogenesis.
71	12759879	Genetic variation in the gene for a cytosolic cysteine protease, calpain-10, increases the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes apparently by altering levels of gene expression.
72	12759879	Exposure of islets to inhibitors of other proteases, ie, cathepsin B and proteasome, did not affect insulin secretion.
73	12974673	Calpain facilitates GLUT4 vesicle translocation during insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes.
74	12974673	Furthermore, inhibition of calpain activity prevented the translocation of insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) vesicles to the plasma membrane, as demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy of whole cells and isolated plasma membranes; it did not, however, alter the total GLUT4 protein content.
75	12974673	While inhibition of calpain did not affect the insulin-mediated proximal steps of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway, it did prevent the insulin-stimulated cortical actin reorganization required for GLUT4 translocation.
76	12974673	Specific inhibition of calpain 10 by antisense expression reduced insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and actin reorganization.
77	12974673	Based on these findings, we propose a role for calpain in the actin reorganization required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
78	14500039	Association of the SNP-19 genotype 22 in the calpain-10 gene with elevated body mass index and hemoglobin A1c levels in Japanese.
79	14722160	Progress in gene identification for more common, multifactorial forms of type 2 diabetes has been slower, but there is now compelling evidence that common variants in the PPARG, KCNJ11 and CAPN10 genes influence T2D-susceptibility, and positional cloning efforts within replicated regions of linkage promise to deliver additional components of inherited susceptibility.
80	14749260	Since then, studies on calpain 10 have been started in correlation with diabetes and insulin-mediated signaling.
81	14749260	Further, special features of the structure of calpain 10 that differ from those of typical micro - or m-calpain used in most studies are summarized together with discussion of the physiological function of calpain with respect to type 2 diabetes.
82	14749260	Since then, studies on calpain 10 have been started in correlation with diabetes and insulin-mediated signaling.
83	14749260	Further, special features of the structure of calpain 10 that differ from those of typical micro - or m-calpain used in most studies are summarized together with discussion of the physiological function of calpain with respect to type 2 diabetes.
84	14749261	There are association studies on genetic variation at CAPN10 in different human populations over a range of phenotypes related to type 2 diabetes, physiological studies on the biological functions of calpain proteases, and evolutionary studies on CAPN10 and the NIDDM1 region.
85	15044459	RyR2 and calpain-10 delineate a novel apoptosis pathway in pancreatic islets.
86	15044459	Thus RyR2 activity seems to play an essential role in beta-cell survival in vitro by suppressing a death pathway mediated by calpain-10, a type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene with previously unknown function.
87	15044459	RyR2 and calpain-10 delineate a novel apoptosis pathway in pancreatic islets.
88	15044459	Thus RyR2 activity seems to play an essential role in beta-cell survival in vitro by suppressing a death pathway mediated by calpain-10, a type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene with previously unknown function.
89	15336956	In two cases, however, the alteration of a member of the calpain family has been clearly identified as being responsible for a human disease: the loss of function of calpain 3 causes limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2A, and mutations in the gene coding for calpain 10 have been shown to correlate with non-insulin-dependent diabetes.
90	15362498	A number of calpains have been identified in the lens, including calpain 2, calpain 10 and two isozymes of calpain 3: Lp82 and Lp85.
91	15362498	The use of animal hereditary cataract models have suggested that calpain 2 and/or Lp82 may be the major calpains involved in murine cataractogenesis with contributions from calpain 10 and Lp85.
92	15362498	A number of calpains have been identified in the lens, including calpain 2, calpain 10 and two isozymes of calpain 3: Lp82 and Lp85.
93	15362498	The use of animal hereditary cataract models have suggested that calpain 2 and/or Lp82 may be the major calpains involved in murine cataractogenesis with contributions from calpain 10 and Lp85.
94	15362499	Positional cloning studies mapped T2DM susceptibility to CAPN10, the gene encoding the intracellular cysteine protease, calpain 10.
95	15362499	The presence of both calpain 10 and its mRNA have been demonstrated in tissues from several mammalian species whilst calpain 10 appears to be associated with pathways involved in glucose metabolism, insulin secretion and insulin action.
96	15362499	Positional cloning studies mapped T2DM susceptibility to CAPN10, the gene encoding the intracellular cysteine protease, calpain 10.
97	15362499	The presence of both calpain 10 and its mRNA have been demonstrated in tissues from several mammalian species whilst calpain 10 appears to be associated with pathways involved in glucose metabolism, insulin secretion and insulin action.
98	15471947	Functional data have been hitherto elusive, but we report here a corresponding increase between CAPN10 expression level and regulated insulin secretion.
99	15471947	Pancreatic beta-cell secretory granule exocytosis is mediated by the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment receptor protein complex of synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), syntaxin 1, and vesicle-associated membrane protein 2.
100	15471947	Furthermore, SNAP-25 undergoes a Ca2+-dependent partial proteolysis during exocytosis, with calpain protease inhibitor similarly suppressing both insulin secretion and SNAP-25 proteolysis.
101	15489534	We describe applications of the method to simulated data and to data from a Mendelian locus (CFTR, responsible for cystic fibrosis) and from a proposed complex trait locus (calpain-10, implicated in type 2 diabetes).
102	15641690	Relationship between calpain-10 gene polymorphism and insulin resistance phenotypes in Chinese.
103	15641690	For all subjects, the height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio (W/H) and blood pressure, as well as following parameters were measured: (1) 75-g oral glucose tolerance test with insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c and blood lipid profiles; (2) Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes was genotyped for UCSNP-43 (calpain-10-g. 4852 G/A) and UCSNP-44 (calpain-10-g. 4841 T/C) by sequencing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified fragment.
104	15641690	It was demonstrated that the Calpain-10 gene polymorphism UCSNP-44 was associated with insulin sensitivity and Fins and P2hIns in newly diagnosed T2DM, although Calpain-10 doesn't appear as a major diabetes susceptible gene in this population.
105	15641690	Relationship between calpain-10 gene polymorphism and insulin resistance phenotypes in Chinese.
106	15641690	For all subjects, the height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio (W/H) and blood pressure, as well as following parameters were measured: (1) 75-g oral glucose tolerance test with insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c and blood lipid profiles; (2) Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes was genotyped for UCSNP-43 (calpain-10-g. 4852 G/A) and UCSNP-44 (calpain-10-g. 4841 T/C) by sequencing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified fragment.
107	15641690	It was demonstrated that the Calpain-10 gene polymorphism UCSNP-44 was associated with insulin sensitivity and Fins and P2hIns in newly diagnosed T2DM, although Calpain-10 doesn't appear as a major diabetes susceptible gene in this population.
108	15641690	Relationship between calpain-10 gene polymorphism and insulin resistance phenotypes in Chinese.
109	15641690	For all subjects, the height, weight, waist-to-hip ratio (W/H) and blood pressure, as well as following parameters were measured: (1) 75-g oral glucose tolerance test with insulin, C-peptide, HbA1c and blood lipid profiles; (2) Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes was genotyped for UCSNP-43 (calpain-10-g. 4852 G/A) and UCSNP-44 (calpain-10-g. 4841 T/C) by sequencing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified fragment.
110	15641690	It was demonstrated that the Calpain-10 gene polymorphism UCSNP-44 was associated with insulin sensitivity and Fins and P2hIns in newly diagnosed T2DM, although Calpain-10 doesn't appear as a major diabetes susceptible gene in this population.
111	15696418	Population genetics of CAPN10 and GPR35: implications for the evolution of type 2 diabetes variants.
112	15696418	To this end, we surveyed sequence variation in CAPN10 and in an adjacent gene, G-protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35), in four population samples from different ethnic groups.
113	15696418	These data revealed two distinct deviations from the standard neutral model in CAPN10, whereas GPR35 variation was largely consistent with neutrality.
114	15696418	Population genetics of CAPN10 and GPR35: implications for the evolution of type 2 diabetes variants.
115	15696418	To this end, we surveyed sequence variation in CAPN10 and in an adjacent gene, G-protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35), in four population samples from different ethnic groups.
116	15696418	These data revealed two distinct deviations from the standard neutral model in CAPN10, whereas GPR35 variation was largely consistent with neutrality.
117	15696418	Population genetics of CAPN10 and GPR35: implications for the evolution of type 2 diabetes variants.
118	15696418	To this end, we surveyed sequence variation in CAPN10 and in an adjacent gene, G-protein-coupled receptor 35 (GPR35), in four population samples from different ethnic groups.
119	15696418	These data revealed two distinct deviations from the standard neutral model in CAPN10, whereas GPR35 variation was largely consistent with neutrality.
120	15737467	Because of recent studies showing linkage of type 2 diabetes with the calpain 10 gene, we investigated the ability of calpains to regulate GLUT4 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
121	15737467	Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with the calpain inhibitor ALLN significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of GLUT4.
122	15737467	GLUT4 expression was not affected by treatment with the more selective calpain inhibitors PD150606, calpeptin, or a calpastatin peptide.
123	15793266	CAPN10 was also associated with both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.
124	15823385	Several mechanisms have been proposed, including increased non-esterified fatty acids, inflammatory cytokines, adipokines, and mitochondrial dysfunction for insulin resistance, and glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity, and amyloid formation for beta-cell dysfunction.
125	15823385	Moreover, the disease has a strong genetic component, but only a handful of genes have been identified so far: genes for calpain 10, potassium inward-rectifier 6.2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, insulin receptor substrate-1, and others.
126	15862281	These studies confirm calpain 10 expression in cultured human muscle cells and support a role for calpains in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells that may be relevant to the pathogenesis of the peripheral insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
127	15912330	To date, only a few susceptibility genes have been identified (such as PPARG, KCNJ11, CAPN10).
128	16028216	Many investigators, but not all, have subsequently found associations between CAPN10 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as insulin action, insulin secretion, aspects of adipocyte biology and microvascular function.
129	16028216	Both genetic and functional data indicates that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with the adipocyte.
130	16028216	In this regard, emerging evidence would suggest that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation and acts in reorganization of the cytoskeleton.
131	16028216	In conclusion, the discovery of calpain-10 by a genetic approach has identified it as a molecule of importance to insulin signaling and secretion that may have relevance to the future development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of T2D.
132	16028216	Many investigators, but not all, have subsequently found associations between CAPN10 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as insulin action, insulin secretion, aspects of adipocyte biology and microvascular function.
133	16028216	Both genetic and functional data indicates that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with the adipocyte.
134	16028216	In this regard, emerging evidence would suggest that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation and acts in reorganization of the cytoskeleton.
135	16028216	In conclusion, the discovery of calpain-10 by a genetic approach has identified it as a molecule of importance to insulin signaling and secretion that may have relevance to the future development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of T2D.
136	16028216	Many investigators, but not all, have subsequently found associations between CAPN10 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as insulin action, insulin secretion, aspects of adipocyte biology and microvascular function.
137	16028216	Both genetic and functional data indicates that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with the adipocyte.
138	16028216	In this regard, emerging evidence would suggest that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation and acts in reorganization of the cytoskeleton.
139	16028216	In conclusion, the discovery of calpain-10 by a genetic approach has identified it as a molecule of importance to insulin signaling and secretion that may have relevance to the future development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of T2D.
140	16028216	Many investigators, but not all, have subsequently found associations between CAPN10 polymorphism and type 2 diabetes (T2D) as well as insulin action, insulin secretion, aspects of adipocyte biology and microvascular function.
141	16028216	Both genetic and functional data indicates that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with the adipocyte.
142	16028216	In this regard, emerging evidence would suggest that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation and acts in reorganization of the cytoskeleton.
143	16028216	In conclusion, the discovery of calpain-10 by a genetic approach has identified it as a molecule of importance to insulin signaling and secretion that may have relevance to the future development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of T2D.
144	16186407	Our aim was to study the impact of genetic (heritability and polymorphisms) and nongenetic (insulin, free fatty acids, and age) factors on CAPN10 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle using two different study designs.
145	16186407	We found hereditary effects on both basal and insulin-exposed CAPN10 mRNA expression.
146	16186407	Insulin had no significant effect on CAPN10 mRNA levels, neither in the twins nor in the basal state of the Intralipid study.
147	16186407	However, after a 24-h infusion of Intralipid, we noted a significant increase in CAPN10 mRNA in response to insulin in subjects with NGT but not in subjects with IGT.
148	16186407	Our aim was to study the impact of genetic (heritability and polymorphisms) and nongenetic (insulin, free fatty acids, and age) factors on CAPN10 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle using two different study designs.
149	16186407	We found hereditary effects on both basal and insulin-exposed CAPN10 mRNA expression.
150	16186407	Insulin had no significant effect on CAPN10 mRNA levels, neither in the twins nor in the basal state of the Intralipid study.
151	16186407	However, after a 24-h infusion of Intralipid, we noted a significant increase in CAPN10 mRNA in response to insulin in subjects with NGT but not in subjects with IGT.
152	16186407	Our aim was to study the impact of genetic (heritability and polymorphisms) and nongenetic (insulin, free fatty acids, and age) factors on CAPN10 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle using two different study designs.
153	16186407	We found hereditary effects on both basal and insulin-exposed CAPN10 mRNA expression.
154	16186407	Insulin had no significant effect on CAPN10 mRNA levels, neither in the twins nor in the basal state of the Intralipid study.
155	16186407	However, after a 24-h infusion of Intralipid, we noted a significant increase in CAPN10 mRNA in response to insulin in subjects with NGT but not in subjects with IGT.
156	16186407	Our aim was to study the impact of genetic (heritability and polymorphisms) and nongenetic (insulin, free fatty acids, and age) factors on CAPN10 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle using two different study designs.
157	16186407	We found hereditary effects on both basal and insulin-exposed CAPN10 mRNA expression.
158	16186407	Insulin had no significant effect on CAPN10 mRNA levels, neither in the twins nor in the basal state of the Intralipid study.
159	16186407	However, after a 24-h infusion of Intralipid, we noted a significant increase in CAPN10 mRNA in response to insulin in subjects with NGT but not in subjects with IGT.
160	16857402	The first type 2 diabetes (T2D) gene to be identified in a genome wide scan followed by positional cloning was CAPN10 encoding the cysteine protease calpain-10.
161	16873988	Calpain-10 (NIDDM1) as a Susceptibility Gene for Common Type 2 Diabetes.
162	17003256	However, AtT20 cells did exhibit an extremely low abundance of both m-calpain and the 54 kDa isoform of calpain-10 relative to their expression in INS-1 and GH3 cells.
163	17142981	In a prior study, we reported on a significant decrease in calpain10 gene expression in white blood cells (WBC) as well as the major insulin-target tissues including liver and adipose tissue, before the onset of diabetes in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats.
164	17151322	Positional cloning studies mapped T2DM susceptibility to CAPN10, the gene encoding the intracellular cysteine protease, calpain 10.
165	17151322	Here we review recent studies, which in addition to the latter enzyme, have linked calpain 5, calpain 3, and its splice variants, calpain 2 and calpain 1 to T2DM-related metabolic pathways along with T2DM-associated phenotypes, such as obesity and impaired insulin secretion, and T2DM-related complications, such as epithelial dysfunction and diabetic cataract.
166	17331067	Some genes that have become accepted as contributors to diabetes risk include: calpain 10, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, ATP-sensitive inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit Kir6.2, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha and hepatic transcription factor 1.
167	17331067	In particular, we highlight recent reports of associations between Type 2 diabetes and the transcription factor 7-like 2 gene, associations with micro-opioid receptor and supressor of cytokine signaling 2 genes, and expression and functional analyses of adipokines vaspin and retinol binding protein 4.
168	17560157	Coordinated control of both insulin secretion and insulin action through calpain-10-mediated regulation of exocytosis?
169	17560157	Both genetic and functional data has since indicated that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with adipocytes and skeletal muscle.
170	17560157	Evidence presented in this issue by Brown, Yeaman, and Walker utilizes siRNA technology to specifically knock down calpain-10 expression, and suggests that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation through effects on the distal secretory pathway.
171	17560157	In addition, calpain-10 has also been implicated in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton that accompanies both GLUT4 vesicle translocation and insulin secretion.
172	17560157	Coordinated control of both insulin secretion and insulin action through calpain-10-mediated regulation of exocytosis?
173	17560157	Both genetic and functional data has since indicated that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with adipocytes and skeletal muscle.
174	17560157	Evidence presented in this issue by Brown, Yeaman, and Walker utilizes siRNA technology to specifically knock down calpain-10 expression, and suggests that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation through effects on the distal secretory pathway.
175	17560157	In addition, calpain-10 has also been implicated in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton that accompanies both GLUT4 vesicle translocation and insulin secretion.
176	17560157	Coordinated control of both insulin secretion and insulin action through calpain-10-mediated regulation of exocytosis?
177	17560157	Both genetic and functional data has since indicated that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with adipocytes and skeletal muscle.
178	17560157	Evidence presented in this issue by Brown, Yeaman, and Walker utilizes siRNA technology to specifically knock down calpain-10 expression, and suggests that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation through effects on the distal secretory pathway.
179	17560157	In addition, calpain-10 has also been implicated in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton that accompanies both GLUT4 vesicle translocation and insulin secretion.
180	17560157	Coordinated control of both insulin secretion and insulin action through calpain-10-mediated regulation of exocytosis?
181	17560157	Both genetic and functional data has since indicated that calpain-10 has an important role in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those associated with adipocytes and skeletal muscle.
182	17560157	Evidence presented in this issue by Brown, Yeaman, and Walker utilizes siRNA technology to specifically knock down calpain-10 expression, and suggests that calpain-10 facilitates GLUT4 translocation through effects on the distal secretory pathway.
183	17560157	In addition, calpain-10 has also been implicated in reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton that accompanies both GLUT4 vesicle translocation and insulin secretion.
184	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
185	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
186	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
187	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
188	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
189	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
190	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
191	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
192	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
193	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
194	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
195	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
196	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
197	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
198	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
199	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
200	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
201	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
202	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
203	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
204	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
205	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
206	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
207	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
208	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
209	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
210	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
211	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
212	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
213	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
214	17572128	Targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cultured primary human skeletal muscle cells.
215	17572128	As skeletal muscle is the principal site of the peripheral insulin resistance for glucose disposal in type 2 diabetes, we investigated whether targeted suppression of calpain-10 expression directly affects insulin action in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
216	17572128	Suppression of CAPN10 mRNA expression (75% decrease compared to untransfected myotubes) was associated with a significant decrease (p=0.04) in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1.03+/-0.06 [mean+/-SEM]-fold increase over basal) compared to the untransfected myotubes (1.43+/-0.16-fold increase).
217	17572128	In contrast, decreased suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of protein kinase B, a key component of the insulin-signalling pathway.
218	17572128	This study confirms that calpain-10 plays a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells.
219	17572128	Suppression of calpain-10 expression did not affect insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis nor insulin-signalling via PKB, suggesting that calpain-10 may exert a direct regulatory effect upon the glucose uptake mechanism.
220	17855447	Calpain-10 (CAPN10) protein may play a role in glucose metabolisms, pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion and thermogenesis.
221	18089694	Calpain-10 gene and protein expression in human skeletal muscle: effect of acute lipid-induced insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
222	18698425	The CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
223	18698425	We have found that CAPN10 gene in our population is mainly associated with two indicators of the presence of insulin resistance: glucose levels two hours after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HOMA values, although cholesterol levels and blood pressure values are also influenced by CAPN10 variants.
224	18698425	Our results suggest that CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
225	18698425	The CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
226	18698425	We have found that CAPN10 gene in our population is mainly associated with two indicators of the presence of insulin resistance: glucose levels two hours after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HOMA values, although cholesterol levels and blood pressure values are also influenced by CAPN10 variants.
227	18698425	Our results suggest that CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
228	18698425	The CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
229	18698425	We have found that CAPN10 gene in our population is mainly associated with two indicators of the presence of insulin resistance: glucose levels two hours after a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HOMA values, although cholesterol levels and blood pressure values are also influenced by CAPN10 variants.
230	18698425	Our results suggest that CAPN10 gene is associated with insulin resistance phenotypes in the Spanish population.
231	18802475	After 2-month exercise (treadmill running), the body weight (BW) and expression of calpain 10, mu-calpain, and m-calpain in skeletal muscles were determined by RT-PCR, using beta-actin as internal standard.
232	19297292	Calpaïn 10 (CAPN10) is the first diabetes gene to be identified through a genome scan followed by positional cloning, encoding the cysteine protease, the calpaïn 10 encodes for a ubiquitously expressed protease implicated in the two fundamental pathophysiological aspects of T2DM insulinoresistance and insulinosecretion.
233	19418728	[Effect of the Gly972Arg, SNP43 and Prol2Ala polymorphisms of the genes IRS1, CAPN10 and PPARG2 on secondary failure to sulphonylurea and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yucatán, México].
234	19418728	A possible explanation may be due to polymorphisms in the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, which are involved in pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and a poor response to the action of insulin.
235	19418728	The association of the polymorphisms Gly972Arg, SNP43, and Pro12Ala, of the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, with the risk of failure to sulphonylurea and metformin therapies was determinated in patients with DT2 in Yucatán, México.
236	19418728	[Effect of the Gly972Arg, SNP43 and Prol2Ala polymorphisms of the genes IRS1, CAPN10 and PPARG2 on secondary failure to sulphonylurea and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yucatán, México].
237	19418728	A possible explanation may be due to polymorphisms in the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, which are involved in pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and a poor response to the action of insulin.
238	19418728	The association of the polymorphisms Gly972Arg, SNP43, and Pro12Ala, of the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, with the risk of failure to sulphonylurea and metformin therapies was determinated in patients with DT2 in Yucatán, México.
239	19418728	[Effect of the Gly972Arg, SNP43 and Prol2Ala polymorphisms of the genes IRS1, CAPN10 and PPARG2 on secondary failure to sulphonylurea and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes in Yucatán, México].
240	19418728	A possible explanation may be due to polymorphisms in the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, which are involved in pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and a poor response to the action of insulin.
241	19418728	The association of the polymorphisms Gly972Arg, SNP43, and Pro12Ala, of the genes IRS1, CAPN10, PPARG2, with the risk of failure to sulphonylurea and metformin therapies was determinated in patients with DT2 in Yucatán, México.
242	20142250	We evaluated associations in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study between PrCa and nine T2D single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome-wide association studies of T2D (in CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, FTO, HHEX, IGF2BP2, KCNJ11, PPARG, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2) and four T2D single nucleotide polymorphisms from pre-genome-wide association studies (in ADRB2, CAPN10, SLC2A2, and UCP2).
243	20142250	PrCa was positively associated with the CAPN10 rs3792267 G allele [hazard ratio (HR) 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.44] and inversely associated with the SLC2A2 rs5400 Thr110 allele (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72, 1.00), the UCP2 rs660339 Val55 allele (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73, 0.97) and the IGF2BP2 rs4402960 T allele (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.02; blacks only).
244	20142250	We evaluated associations in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study between PrCa and nine T2D single nucleotide polymorphisms from genome-wide association studies of T2D (in CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, FTO, HHEX, IGF2BP2, KCNJ11, PPARG, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2) and four T2D single nucleotide polymorphisms from pre-genome-wide association studies (in ADRB2, CAPN10, SLC2A2, and UCP2).
245	20142250	PrCa was positively associated with the CAPN10 rs3792267 G allele [hazard ratio (HR) 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00-1.44] and inversely associated with the SLC2A2 rs5400 Thr110 allele (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72, 1.00), the UCP2 rs660339 Val55 allele (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73, 0.97) and the IGF2BP2 rs4402960 T allele (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.61-1.02; blacks only).
246	20406624	Association of CAPN10 gene with insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance and renal function in essential hypertensive patients.
247	21389182	Calpain-10 interacts with plasma saturated fatty acid concentrations to influence insulin resistance in individuals with the metabolic syndrome.
248	22012129	High glucose increased mitochondrial calpain 10 substrates (NDUFB8 and ATP synthase β), decreased basal and uncoupled respiration, and initiated cell apoptosis as indicated by cleaved caspase 3 and nuclear condensation.
249	22012129	In agreement with our in vitro data, the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats had elevated calpain 10 substrates and cleaved caspase 3.
250	22012129	Finally, specific siRNA-induced knockdown of calpain 10 in the proximal tubules of control rats resulted in decreased renal function as evidenced by increased serum creatinine, and increased caspase 3 cleavage compared with rats receiving scrambled siRNA.
251	22012129	High glucose increased mitochondrial calpain 10 substrates (NDUFB8 and ATP synthase β), decreased basal and uncoupled respiration, and initiated cell apoptosis as indicated by cleaved caspase 3 and nuclear condensation.
252	22012129	In agreement with our in vitro data, the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats had elevated calpain 10 substrates and cleaved caspase 3.
253	22012129	Finally, specific siRNA-induced knockdown of calpain 10 in the proximal tubules of control rats resulted in decreased renal function as evidenced by increased serum creatinine, and increased caspase 3 cleavage compared with rats receiving scrambled siRNA.
254	22012129	High glucose increased mitochondrial calpain 10 substrates (NDUFB8 and ATP synthase β), decreased basal and uncoupled respiration, and initiated cell apoptosis as indicated by cleaved caspase 3 and nuclear condensation.
255	22012129	In agreement with our in vitro data, the kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats had elevated calpain 10 substrates and cleaved caspase 3.
256	22012129	Finally, specific siRNA-induced knockdown of calpain 10 in the proximal tubules of control rats resulted in decreased renal function as evidenced by increased serum creatinine, and increased caspase 3 cleavage compared with rats receiving scrambled siRNA.
257	22391941	We searched for relevant published papers and used STATA v.11.0 to perform a meta-analysis on six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in five genes-ADIPOQ-rs2241766 (SNP45) and -rs1501299 (SNP276), ADRB3-rs4994 (Trp64Arg), CAPN10-rs3792267 (SNP43), ENPP1-rs1044498 (K121Q), and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (Gly482Ser)-in the Chinese Han population under an additive genetic model.
258	22391941	The pooled odds ratios (95% confidence intervals and P-values) were 0.71 (0.60-0.83; P < 0.001) for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, 0.79 (0.64-0.97; P = 0.027) for ADIPOQ-rs1501299, 1.27 (1.07-1.51; P = 0.006) for ADRB3-rs4994, 0.79 (0.57-1.10; P = 0.163) for CAPN10-rs3792267, 1.41 (1.13-1.76; P = 0.003) for ENPP1-rs1044498, and 1.54 (1.34-1.81; P < 0.001) for PPARGC1A-rs8192678.
259	22391941	There was high heterogeneity for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, ADIPOQ-rs1501299, and CAPN10-rs3792267 (I² = 74.9, 69.4, and 75.8%, respectively), but not for ADRB3-rs4994, ENPP1-rs1044498, and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (I² = 0.0, 43.4, and 23.3%, respectively).
260	22391941	We searched for relevant published papers and used STATA v.11.0 to perform a meta-analysis on six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in five genes-ADIPOQ-rs2241766 (SNP45) and -rs1501299 (SNP276), ADRB3-rs4994 (Trp64Arg), CAPN10-rs3792267 (SNP43), ENPP1-rs1044498 (K121Q), and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (Gly482Ser)-in the Chinese Han population under an additive genetic model.
261	22391941	The pooled odds ratios (95% confidence intervals and P-values) were 0.71 (0.60-0.83; P < 0.001) for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, 0.79 (0.64-0.97; P = 0.027) for ADIPOQ-rs1501299, 1.27 (1.07-1.51; P = 0.006) for ADRB3-rs4994, 0.79 (0.57-1.10; P = 0.163) for CAPN10-rs3792267, 1.41 (1.13-1.76; P = 0.003) for ENPP1-rs1044498, and 1.54 (1.34-1.81; P < 0.001) for PPARGC1A-rs8192678.
262	22391941	There was high heterogeneity for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, ADIPOQ-rs1501299, and CAPN10-rs3792267 (I² = 74.9, 69.4, and 75.8%, respectively), but not for ADRB3-rs4994, ENPP1-rs1044498, and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (I² = 0.0, 43.4, and 23.3%, respectively).
263	22391941	We searched for relevant published papers and used STATA v.11.0 to perform a meta-analysis on six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in five genes-ADIPOQ-rs2241766 (SNP45) and -rs1501299 (SNP276), ADRB3-rs4994 (Trp64Arg), CAPN10-rs3792267 (SNP43), ENPP1-rs1044498 (K121Q), and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (Gly482Ser)-in the Chinese Han population under an additive genetic model.
264	22391941	The pooled odds ratios (95% confidence intervals and P-values) were 0.71 (0.60-0.83; P < 0.001) for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, 0.79 (0.64-0.97; P = 0.027) for ADIPOQ-rs1501299, 1.27 (1.07-1.51; P = 0.006) for ADRB3-rs4994, 0.79 (0.57-1.10; P = 0.163) for CAPN10-rs3792267, 1.41 (1.13-1.76; P = 0.003) for ENPP1-rs1044498, and 1.54 (1.34-1.81; P < 0.001) for PPARGC1A-rs8192678.
265	22391941	There was high heterogeneity for ADIPOQ-rs2241766, ADIPOQ-rs1501299, and CAPN10-rs3792267 (I² = 74.9, 69.4, and 75.8%, respectively), but not for ADRB3-rs4994, ENPP1-rs1044498, and PPARGC1A-rs8192678 (I² = 0.0, 43.4, and 23.3%, respectively).
266	22612451	Calpain 10 is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+)-regulated cysteine protease in which overexpression or knockdown leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.
267	22612451	Therefore, we created a homology model using the calpain 10 amino acid sequence and calpain 1 3-D structure and docked CYGAK in the active site.
268	22612451	RPTC treated with 10 μM CYGAK-OC for 24 h induced accumulation of ATP synthase β and NDUFB8, two calpain 10 substrates.
269	22612451	Calpain 10 is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+)-regulated cysteine protease in which overexpression or knockdown leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.
270	22612451	Therefore, we created a homology model using the calpain 10 amino acid sequence and calpain 1 3-D structure and docked CYGAK in the active site.
271	22612451	RPTC treated with 10 μM CYGAK-OC for 24 h induced accumulation of ATP synthase β and NDUFB8, two calpain 10 substrates.
272	22612451	Calpain 10 is a ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca(2+)-regulated cysteine protease in which overexpression or knockdown leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death.
273	22612451	Therefore, we created a homology model using the calpain 10 amino acid sequence and calpain 1 3-D structure and docked CYGAK in the active site.
274	22612451	RPTC treated with 10 μM CYGAK-OC for 24 h induced accumulation of ATP synthase β and NDUFB8, two calpain 10 substrates.
275	23349674	Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the calpain-10 gene (CAPN-10), which encodes a protein involved in the secretion and action of insulin, and chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through drinking water have been independently associated with an increase in the risk for T2DM.