# |
PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
9166680
|
Loci included the G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channels expressed in beta-cells (KCNJ3 and KCNJ7), glucagon (GCG), glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR), glucagon-like peptide I receptor (GLP1R), LIM/homeodomain islet-1 (ISL1), caudal-type homeodomain 3 (CDX3), proprotein convertase 2 (PCSK2), cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR), hexokinase 1 (HK1), hexokinase 2 (HK2), mitochondrial FAD-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2), liver and muscle forms of pyruvate kinase (PKL, PKM), fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2), hepatic phosphofructokinase (PFKL), protein serine/threonine phosphatase 1 beta (PPP1CB), and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR).
|
2 |
9933606
|
Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 interact to activate glucagon gene expression on the G1 control element.
|
3 |
9933606
|
In addition to monomer formation, Pax-6 interacts with Cdx-2/3, a caudal-related homeodomain protein binding to the proximal AT-rich site, to form a heterodimer on G1.
|
4 |
9933606
|
In BHK-21 cells, Pax-6 activates glucagon gene transcription both through G3 and G1, and heterodimerization with Cdx-2/3 on G1 leads to more than additive transcriptional activation.
|
5 |
9933606
|
In glucagon-producing cells, both G1 and G3 are critical for basal transcription, and the Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 binding sites are required for activation.
|
6 |
9933606
|
Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 interact to activate glucagon gene expression on the G1 control element.
|
7 |
9933606
|
In addition to monomer formation, Pax-6 interacts with Cdx-2/3, a caudal-related homeodomain protein binding to the proximal AT-rich site, to form a heterodimer on G1.
|
8 |
9933606
|
In BHK-21 cells, Pax-6 activates glucagon gene transcription both through G3 and G1, and heterodimerization with Cdx-2/3 on G1 leads to more than additive transcriptional activation.
|
9 |
9933606
|
In glucagon-producing cells, both G1 and G3 are critical for basal transcription, and the Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 binding sites are required for activation.
|
10 |
9933606
|
Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 interact to activate glucagon gene expression on the G1 control element.
|
11 |
9933606
|
In addition to monomer formation, Pax-6 interacts with Cdx-2/3, a caudal-related homeodomain protein binding to the proximal AT-rich site, to form a heterodimer on G1.
|
12 |
9933606
|
In BHK-21 cells, Pax-6 activates glucagon gene transcription both through G3 and G1, and heterodimerization with Cdx-2/3 on G1 leads to more than additive transcriptional activation.
|
13 |
9933606
|
In glucagon-producing cells, both G1 and G3 are critical for basal transcription, and the Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 binding sites are required for activation.
|
14 |
9933606
|
Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 interact to activate glucagon gene expression on the G1 control element.
|
15 |
9933606
|
In addition to monomer formation, Pax-6 interacts with Cdx-2/3, a caudal-related homeodomain protein binding to the proximal AT-rich site, to form a heterodimer on G1.
|
16 |
9933606
|
In BHK-21 cells, Pax-6 activates glucagon gene transcription both through G3 and G1, and heterodimerization with Cdx-2/3 on G1 leads to more than additive transcriptional activation.
|
17 |
9933606
|
In glucagon-producing cells, both G1 and G3 are critical for basal transcription, and the Pax-6 and Cdx-2/3 binding sites are required for activation.
|
18 |
10026228
|
A Cdx-3-Pit-1 fusion protein containing only the first 83 amino acids of Cdx-3 linked to the POU domain of Pit-1 markedly stimulated the transcriptional activity of a Pit-1-responsive promoter.
|
19 |
10334320
|
These included cholecystokinin A and B receptors (CCK-AR and CCK-BR), glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R), the LIM/homeodomain islet-1 gene (Isl-1), the caudal-type homeodomain 3 (CDX-3), the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), the beta3-adrenoceptor (beta3-AR), the fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP-2), the hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), the lipoprotein lipase (LPL), the apoprotein-C2 (apo-C2), the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1).
|
20 |
10334320
|
Phenotypes related to obesity such as BMI, adult life body weight gain, fasting leptin, insulin, fasting glycerol, and free fatty acids were used for nonparametric sib-pair analyses.
|
21 |
10334320
|
Moreover, a suggestive indication for linkage was found between the Isl-1 locus and BMI and leptin values (P = 0.001 and 0.0003, respectively) and leptin adjusted for BMI (P = 0.0001).
|
22 |
10334320
|
Multipoint analyses for leptin trait with Isl-1 and two flanking markers (D5S418 and D5S407) showed that the logarithm of odds (LOD) score is 1.73, coinciding with the Isl-1 locus.
|
23 |
10334320
|
Although marginally positive indications for linkage in subgroups of families were found with IRS-1, CPT-1, and HSL loci, our data suggested that these genes are not major contributors to obesity.
|
24 |
12940455
|
To investigate the contribution of carbohydrate digestion to diabetes mellitus, we examined the morphological changes of the small intestine, and the expression of sucrase-isomaltase, which is one of the intestinal disaccharidases, in diabetic model rat, that is the streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rat (insulin-deficient model), and the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats (type 2 diabetic models).
|
25 |
12940455
|
Cdx1 and Cdx2, known to be transcriptional factors related to intestinal proliferation and differentiation, were more highly expressed in STZ, OLETF and GK rats than in the respective controls.
|
26 |
21946084
|
In addition, Caco-2 cells were cultured in medium containing glucose, insulin or insulin plus some pharmacological inhibitors for 7 days, disaccharidase activities, sucrase-isomaltase (SI) complex and Cdx2 mRNA levels were measured.
|
27 |
21946084
|
The cellular results showed that insulin suppressed disaccharidase activities and down-regulated SI complex and Cdx2 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner.
|
28 |
21946084
|
In addition, Caco-2 cells were cultured in medium containing glucose, insulin or insulin plus some pharmacological inhibitors for 7 days, disaccharidase activities, sucrase-isomaltase (SI) complex and Cdx2 mRNA levels were measured.
|
29 |
21946084
|
The cellular results showed that insulin suppressed disaccharidase activities and down-regulated SI complex and Cdx2 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner.
|