Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: CST3

Gene name: cystatin C

HGNC ID: 2475

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ACR	1 hits
2	ADIPOQ	1 hits
3	AHSG	1 hits
4	ALB	1 hits
5	APBB1	1 hits
6	APLP2	1 hits
7	APOA1	1 hits
8	APP	1 hits
9	B2M	1 hits
10	C1QA	1 hits
11	CASP8	1 hits
12	CHGA	1 hits
13	CHN1	1 hits
14	CLU	1 hits
15	CRP	1 hits
16	CTSB	1 hits
17	CTSD	1 hits
18	CTSS	1 hits
19	EGFR	1 hits
20	EPO	1 hits
21	FN1	1 hits
22	HBB	1 hits
23	HTATIP	1 hits
24	IGF1	1 hits
25	IGFBP3	1 hits
26	IL6	1 hits
27	INS	1 hits
28	LCN2	1 hits
29	MMP2	1 hits
30	NAGLU	1 hits
31	NPY	1 hits
32	PON1	1 hits
33	PON2	1 hits
34	PRDX1	1 hits
35	PTGDS	1 hits
36	RAPGEF5	1 hits
37	RBP4	1 hits
38	RENBP	1 hits
39	RETN	1 hits
40	SLC25A20	1 hits
41	SMAD1	1 hits
42	TNF	1 hits
43	TNNT2	1 hits
44	TTR	1 hits
45	UMOD	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	1434057	Therefore we suspected cystatin C deposit amyloid angiopathy.
2	1609616	The argyrophilic tumor cells with occasional mitoses and focal venous involvement predominantly showed immunoreactivity of cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, cystatin C, chromogranin A, calcitonin and neuropeptide Y (NPY).
3	1609616	Fewer cells were immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, gastrin-releasing peptide, serotonin, methionine-enkephalin and gastrin.
4	1609616	Immunoreactive CGRP or NPY were co-localized in calcitonin-positive cells.
5	1609616	The amyloid substance was positively labeled only for CGRP.
6	1609616	Immunostaining for amylin, a polypeptide isolated from insular amyloid in type II diabetes mellitus or insulinoma showing a 50% homology with CGRP, was negative.
7	1609616	Immunoelectron microscopic studies disclosed peptide localization in neurosecretory-type granules and CGRP immunoreactivity in extracellular amyloid fibrils.
8	1609616	This is the first report describing CGRP as a component of amyloid of endocrine origin.
9	8544416	Urinary excretion of five low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) [beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), cystatin C (cyst C), Clara cell protein (CC16), retinol-binding protein (RBP) and alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1m)], albumin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were quantified in 16 patients who followed a weight reduction program which included Chinese herbs, which have been incriminated in the genesis of Chinese herbs nephropathy (CHN).
10	8544416	In four of them (CHN1a) only beta 2m, RBP and CC16 were increased while total proteinuria and SCr were normal.
11	8544416	In the other four (CHN1b and c) albumin, cyst C, alpha 1m and NAG were also elevated, while total proteinuria and SCr were moderately raised.
12	8544416	Five patients (CHN2) with a S beta 2m > or = 5 mg/liter had a markedly increased excretion of all LMWP, albumin and NAG (CHN1 vs.
13	8544416	The urinary LMWP/albumin concentration ratio was strikingly higher in CHN patients than in patients with glomerular albuminuria (CHN1 vs.
14	8544416	Its most sensitive and reliable marker is a raised urinary level of CC16 or RBP.
15	10604239	Plasma cystatin C concentration in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation with nephropathy.
16	10604239	We determined plasma concentrations of cystatin C, beta2-microglobulin - beta2-MG (low molecular mass protein markers of glomerular filtration rate - GFR), creatinine (marker of GFR) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion (marker of glomerular and tubular dysfunction) in 41 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
17	10604239	Plasma cystatin C concentration in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation with nephropathy.
18	10604239	We determined plasma concentrations of cystatin C, beta2-microglobulin - beta2-MG (low molecular mass protein markers of glomerular filtration rate - GFR), creatinine (marker of GFR) and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion (marker of glomerular and tubular dysfunction) in 41 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
19	11129064	Evaluation of serum cystatin C and chromogranin A as markers of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
20	11129064	This study evaluates whether serum concentrations of the endogenous markers of GFR, cystatin C and chromogranin A could be used as indicators of nephropathy in 77 patients with Type 2 DM.
21	11129064	Patients with reduced GFR or elevated serum cystatin C did not show the expected increase in serum chromogranin A.
22	11129064	In patients with DN, serum chromogranin A showed significant correlation with serum cystatin C, but not with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.
23	11129064	Evaluation of serum cystatin C and chromogranin A as markers of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
24	11129064	This study evaluates whether serum concentrations of the endogenous markers of GFR, cystatin C and chromogranin A could be used as indicators of nephropathy in 77 patients with Type 2 DM.
25	11129064	Patients with reduced GFR or elevated serum cystatin C did not show the expected increase in serum chromogranin A.
26	11129064	In patients with DN, serum chromogranin A showed significant correlation with serum cystatin C, but not with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.
27	11129064	Evaluation of serum cystatin C and chromogranin A as markers of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
28	11129064	This study evaluates whether serum concentrations of the endogenous markers of GFR, cystatin C and chromogranin A could be used as indicators of nephropathy in 77 patients with Type 2 DM.
29	11129064	Patients with reduced GFR or elevated serum cystatin C did not show the expected increase in serum chromogranin A.
30	11129064	In patients with DN, serum chromogranin A showed significant correlation with serum cystatin C, but not with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.
31	11129064	Evaluation of serum cystatin C and chromogranin A as markers of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
32	11129064	This study evaluates whether serum concentrations of the endogenous markers of GFR, cystatin C and chromogranin A could be used as indicators of nephropathy in 77 patients with Type 2 DM.
33	11129064	Patients with reduced GFR or elevated serum cystatin C did not show the expected increase in serum chromogranin A.
34	11129064	In patients with DN, serum chromogranin A showed significant correlation with serum cystatin C, but not with serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.
35	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
36	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
37	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
38	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
39	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
40	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
41	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
42	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
43	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
44	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
45	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
46	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
47	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
48	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
49	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
50	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
51	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
52	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
53	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
54	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
55	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
56	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
57	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
58	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
59	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
60	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
61	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
62	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
63	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
64	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
65	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
66	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
67	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
68	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
69	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
70	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
71	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
72	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
73	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
74	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
75	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
76	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
77	11479157	We determined the correlation between GFR measured by chromium 51-labeled EDTA and levels of serum cystatin C, serum creatinine, serum beta(2)-microglobulin, endogenous creatinine clearance, and Cockcroft formula.
78	11479157	Sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of renal failure, defined as a GFR less than either 80 or 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for creatinine, cystatin C, and beta(2)-microglobulin.
79	11479157	Correlation coefficients with GFR were -0.77 for serum creatinine level, -0.65 for serum cystatin C level, -0.71 for serum beta(2)-microglobulin level, +0.56 for endogenous creatinine clearance, and +0.69 for Cockcroft formula (all P < 0.001).
80	11479157	With a cutoff value of 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), areas under the ROC curve were 0.972 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.925 for cystatin C, and 0.916 for creatinine levels.
81	11479157	With a cutoff value of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2), these were 0.838 for beta(2)-microglobulin, 0.780 for cystatin C, and 0.905 for creatinine levels (P = not significant between parameters).
82	11479157	When patients were classified into three groups according to GFR (group 1, >80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 2, 60 to 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2); group 3, <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), mean values of serum parameters in the three groups were statistically different (P < 0.0001) except between groups 1 and 2 for cystatin C and beta(2)-microglobulin.
83	11479157	Serum cystatin C is not better than serum creatinine or serum beta(2)-microglobulin levels for estimating GFR in patients with steady-state diabetes using ROC curves or other validation tests.
84	11719491	Beta-trace protein is not better than cystatin C as an indicator of reduced glomerular filtration rate.
85	12738401	Evaluation of cystatin C and beta-2 microglobulin as markers of renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
86	14575288	This study examined (a) whether elevations in urinary albumin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, retinol-binding protein, and alanine aminopeptidase remained elevated at follow-up and (b) whether these initial elevations were predictive of kidney disease (as measured by markers of kidney dysfunction: serum creatinine, serum cystatin C, creatinine clearance, and urine osmolality) at follow-up.
87	15058107	We investigated the relationship between the levels of serum albumin (ALB), serum transthyretin (TTR) or retinol binding protein (RBP) and those of serum cystatin C or clinical gradings in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
88	15058107	The levels of serum ALB, TTR, RBP and cystatin C were measured by the Dade Behring assay system using the automated Dade Behring Nephelometer II (BN II).
89	15058107	However, the serum levels of TTR were not significantly correlated with those of serum cystatin C or the grades of diabetic nephropathy.
90	15058107	In this study, the serum levels of TTR were not influenced by renal function although those of RBP and ALB were influenced by renal function.
91	15058107	We investigated the relationship between the levels of serum albumin (ALB), serum transthyretin (TTR) or retinol binding protein (RBP) and those of serum cystatin C or clinical gradings in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
92	15058107	The levels of serum ALB, TTR, RBP and cystatin C were measured by the Dade Behring assay system using the automated Dade Behring Nephelometer II (BN II).
93	15058107	However, the serum levels of TTR were not significantly correlated with those of serum cystatin C or the grades of diabetic nephropathy.
94	15058107	In this study, the serum levels of TTR were not influenced by renal function although those of RBP and ALB were influenced by renal function.
95	15058107	We investigated the relationship between the levels of serum albumin (ALB), serum transthyretin (TTR) or retinol binding protein (RBP) and those of serum cystatin C or clinical gradings in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
96	15058107	The levels of serum ALB, TTR, RBP and cystatin C were measured by the Dade Behring assay system using the automated Dade Behring Nephelometer II (BN II).
97	15058107	However, the serum levels of TTR were not significantly correlated with those of serum cystatin C or the grades of diabetic nephropathy.
98	15058107	In this study, the serum levels of TTR were not influenced by renal function although those of RBP and ALB were influenced by renal function.
99	15809016	Progression of diabetic retinopathy during improved metabolic control may be treated with reduced insulin dosage and/or somatostatin analogue administration -- a case report.
100	15809016	Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, insulin, cystatin C, creatinine, endogenous creatinine clearance and HbA1c-levels were assessed by routine laboratory methods; serum IGF-I bioactivity was estimated by a highly specific kinase receptor activation assay.
101	16046222	The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin-C may be involved in this phenomenon.
102	16046222	Cystatin-C was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides and several inflammatory markers such as fibrinogen (r = 0.18), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.24), interleukin-6 (= 0.20), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) (r = 0.27) and two TNFalpha receptors: TNFR1A (r = 0.43) and TNFR1B (r = 0.41); and negatively with high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = -0.25).
103	16046222	Cystatin-C is not a more predictive risk marker of CHD than CRP or interleukin-6, but could be useful in detecting moderate chronic renal disease.
104	16046222	The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin-C may be involved in this phenomenon.
105	16046222	Cystatin-C was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides and several inflammatory markers such as fibrinogen (r = 0.18), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.24), interleukin-6 (= 0.20), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) (r = 0.27) and two TNFalpha receptors: TNFR1A (r = 0.43) and TNFR1B (r = 0.41); and negatively with high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = -0.25).
106	16046222	Cystatin-C is not a more predictive risk marker of CHD than CRP or interleukin-6, but could be useful in detecting moderate chronic renal disease.
107	16046222	The cysteine protease inhibitor cystatin-C may be involved in this phenomenon.
108	16046222	Cystatin-C was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides and several inflammatory markers such as fibrinogen (r = 0.18), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.24), interleukin-6 (= 0.20), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) (r = 0.27) and two TNFalpha receptors: TNFR1A (r = 0.43) and TNFR1B (r = 0.41); and negatively with high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (r = -0.25).
109	16046222	Cystatin-C is not a more predictive risk marker of CHD than CRP or interleukin-6, but could be useful in detecting moderate chronic renal disease.
110	16140306	We have demonstrated enhanced elastolytic cathepsin S in human atherosclerotic lesions but insufficient amounts of its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C, suggesting alterations of serum cathepsin S and/or cystatin C in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes.
111	16140306	In this study, we measured levels of both cathepsin S and cystatin C in sera from 240 patients by ELISA.
112	16140306	Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that significantly higher serum levels of cathepsin S in patients with either atherosclerotic stenosis (p<0.04) or diabetes (p=0.0005) persisted after adjustment for cystatin C level, renal function, smoking, and serum glucose levels (p=0.008, p=0.0005).
113	16140306	Furthermore, patients with acute (p=0.009) or previous myocardial infarction (p<0.02) or unstable angina pectoris (p<0.05) had elevated levels of cathepsin S after adjustment for smoking, creatinine, cystatin C, and serum glucose.
114	16140306	Although the pathophysiology of cathepsin S or cystatin C in atherosclerosis and diabetes requires further investigation, increased serum cathepsin S may serve as a biomarker for both diseases.
115	16140306	We have demonstrated enhanced elastolytic cathepsin S in human atherosclerotic lesions but insufficient amounts of its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C, suggesting alterations of serum cathepsin S and/or cystatin C in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes.
116	16140306	In this study, we measured levels of both cathepsin S and cystatin C in sera from 240 patients by ELISA.
117	16140306	Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that significantly higher serum levels of cathepsin S in patients with either atherosclerotic stenosis (p<0.04) or diabetes (p=0.0005) persisted after adjustment for cystatin C level, renal function, smoking, and serum glucose levels (p=0.008, p=0.0005).
118	16140306	Furthermore, patients with acute (p=0.009) or previous myocardial infarction (p<0.02) or unstable angina pectoris (p<0.05) had elevated levels of cathepsin S after adjustment for smoking, creatinine, cystatin C, and serum glucose.
119	16140306	Although the pathophysiology of cathepsin S or cystatin C in atherosclerosis and diabetes requires further investigation, increased serum cathepsin S may serve as a biomarker for both diseases.
120	16140306	We have demonstrated enhanced elastolytic cathepsin S in human atherosclerotic lesions but insufficient amounts of its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C, suggesting alterations of serum cathepsin S and/or cystatin C in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes.
121	16140306	In this study, we measured levels of both cathepsin S and cystatin C in sera from 240 patients by ELISA.
122	16140306	Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that significantly higher serum levels of cathepsin S in patients with either atherosclerotic stenosis (p<0.04) or diabetes (p=0.0005) persisted after adjustment for cystatin C level, renal function, smoking, and serum glucose levels (p=0.008, p=0.0005).
123	16140306	Furthermore, patients with acute (p=0.009) or previous myocardial infarction (p<0.02) or unstable angina pectoris (p<0.05) had elevated levels of cathepsin S after adjustment for smoking, creatinine, cystatin C, and serum glucose.
124	16140306	Although the pathophysiology of cathepsin S or cystatin C in atherosclerosis and diabetes requires further investigation, increased serum cathepsin S may serve as a biomarker for both diseases.
125	16140306	We have demonstrated enhanced elastolytic cathepsin S in human atherosclerotic lesions but insufficient amounts of its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C, suggesting alterations of serum cathepsin S and/or cystatin C in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes.
126	16140306	In this study, we measured levels of both cathepsin S and cystatin C in sera from 240 patients by ELISA.
127	16140306	Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that significantly higher serum levels of cathepsin S in patients with either atherosclerotic stenosis (p<0.04) or diabetes (p=0.0005) persisted after adjustment for cystatin C level, renal function, smoking, and serum glucose levels (p=0.008, p=0.0005).
128	16140306	Furthermore, patients with acute (p=0.009) or previous myocardial infarction (p<0.02) or unstable angina pectoris (p<0.05) had elevated levels of cathepsin S after adjustment for smoking, creatinine, cystatin C, and serum glucose.
129	16140306	Although the pathophysiology of cathepsin S or cystatin C in atherosclerosis and diabetes requires further investigation, increased serum cathepsin S may serve as a biomarker for both diseases.
130	16140306	We have demonstrated enhanced elastolytic cathepsin S in human atherosclerotic lesions but insufficient amounts of its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C, suggesting alterations of serum cathepsin S and/or cystatin C in patients with atherosclerosis or diabetes.
131	16140306	In this study, we measured levels of both cathepsin S and cystatin C in sera from 240 patients by ELISA.
132	16140306	Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that significantly higher serum levels of cathepsin S in patients with either atherosclerotic stenosis (p<0.04) or diabetes (p=0.0005) persisted after adjustment for cystatin C level, renal function, smoking, and serum glucose levels (p=0.008, p=0.0005).
133	16140306	Furthermore, patients with acute (p=0.009) or previous myocardial infarction (p<0.02) or unstable angina pectoris (p<0.05) had elevated levels of cathepsin S after adjustment for smoking, creatinine, cystatin C, and serum glucose.
134	16140306	Although the pathophysiology of cathepsin S or cystatin C in atherosclerosis and diabetes requires further investigation, increased serum cathepsin S may serve as a biomarker for both diseases.
135	16251239	The association of cystatin C with noncardiovascular mortality persisted after adjustment for demographic factors; the presence of diabetes, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, and prevalent cardiovascular disease; and measures of atherosclerosis (hazard ratio 1.69; 95% confidence interval 1.33 to 2.15, for the fourth quartile versus the first quartile).
136	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
137	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
138	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
139	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
140	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
141	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
142	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
143	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
144	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
145	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
146	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
147	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
148	18351395	We thus wanted to study another marker for distal tubular function, pi glutathione S-transferase (pi-GST) and compare this and THP with proximal tubular function evaluated with alpha-GST and alpha-1-microglobulin (HC) in patients with longer duration of diabetes.
149	18351395	Diabetic children with decreased alpha-GST had higher albumin excretion, HbA 1c levels, and longer diabetes duration but decreased THP excretion and cystatin-C clearance compared with those with normal excretion.
150	18355769	Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 is associated with cystatin C level, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients.
151	18355769	Univariate and stepwise regression analysis demonstrated the MMP-2 level was associated with cystatin C level (P < 0.001), creatinine level (P = 0.036), proteinuria (P = 0.043), posttransplant days (P = 0.025), and posttransplant diabetes mellitus (P = 0.03).
152	18355769	We conclude that circulating MMP-2 is associated with cystatin C, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients and suggest that MMP-2 may be critical for graft survival.
153	18355769	Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 is associated with cystatin C level, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients.
154	18355769	Univariate and stepwise regression analysis demonstrated the MMP-2 level was associated with cystatin C level (P < 0.001), creatinine level (P = 0.036), proteinuria (P = 0.043), posttransplant days (P = 0.025), and posttransplant diabetes mellitus (P = 0.03).
155	18355769	We conclude that circulating MMP-2 is associated with cystatin C, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients and suggest that MMP-2 may be critical for graft survival.
156	18355769	Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 is associated with cystatin C level, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients.
157	18355769	Univariate and stepwise regression analysis demonstrated the MMP-2 level was associated with cystatin C level (P < 0.001), creatinine level (P = 0.036), proteinuria (P = 0.043), posttransplant days (P = 0.025), and posttransplant diabetes mellitus (P = 0.03).
158	18355769	We conclude that circulating MMP-2 is associated with cystatin C, posttransplant duration, and diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients and suggest that MMP-2 may be critical for graft survival.
159	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
160	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
161	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
162	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
163	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
164	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
165	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
166	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
167	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
168	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
169	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
170	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
171	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
172	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
173	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
174	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
175	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
176	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
177	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
178	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
179	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
180	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
181	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
182	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
183	18723004	Quantitative PCR confirmed altered regulation in 6 of 7 Alzheimer-related genes (Apbb1, C1qa, Clu, App, Cst3, Fn1, Htatip) in iron-deficient rats relative to iron-sufficient controls at P15.
184	18991244	The effects of the different egg diets on apolipoprotein A1 and B (Apo A1 and B), lipoprotein (a), creatinine, cystatin C, C-reactive protein, serum amyloid protein A, interleukin 6, triglycerides, glucose, total-, high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipo-protein cholesterol concentrations were analyzed.
185	18991244	Consumption of omega-3 enriched eggs resulted in higher levels of ApoA1, lower ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and lower plasma glucose.
186	19027977	Effect of insulin-unstimulated diabetic therapy with miglitol on serum cystatin C level and its clinical significance.
187	19027977	After 3 months, the levels of cystatin C and hsCRP were each correlated with the postprandial insulin level in the meal tolerance test in all patients.
188	19027977	These results suggest that postprandial insulin secretion might increase cystatin C and that insulin-unstimulated miglitol therapy might suppress an increase in cystatin C accompanied by an anti-inflammatory effect in diabetic patients.
189	19027977	Effect of insulin-unstimulated diabetic therapy with miglitol on serum cystatin C level and its clinical significance.
190	19027977	After 3 months, the levels of cystatin C and hsCRP were each correlated with the postprandial insulin level in the meal tolerance test in all patients.
191	19027977	These results suggest that postprandial insulin secretion might increase cystatin C and that insulin-unstimulated miglitol therapy might suppress an increase in cystatin C accompanied by an anti-inflammatory effect in diabetic patients.
192	19027977	Effect of insulin-unstimulated diabetic therapy with miglitol on serum cystatin C level and its clinical significance.
193	19027977	After 3 months, the levels of cystatin C and hsCRP were each correlated with the postprandial insulin level in the meal tolerance test in all patients.
194	19027977	These results suggest that postprandial insulin secretion might increase cystatin C and that insulin-unstimulated miglitol therapy might suppress an increase in cystatin C accompanied by an anti-inflammatory effect in diabetic patients.
195	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
196	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
197	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
198	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
199	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
200	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
201	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
202	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
203	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
204	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
205	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
206	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
207	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
208	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
209	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
210	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
211	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
212	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
213	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
214	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
215	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
216	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
217	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
218	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
219	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
220	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
221	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
222	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
223	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
224	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
225	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
226	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
227	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
228	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
229	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
230	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
231	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
232	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
233	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
234	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
235	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
236	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
237	19151417	Association of the novel cardiovascular risk factors paraoxonase 1 and cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.
238	19151417	We tested the hypothesis that PON1 and cystatin C would be associated in T2DM subjects from an Aboriginal Canadian community, who are at high risk for the development of nephropathy.
239	19151417	PON1 A(-162)G and PON2 Ala148Gly genotypes, cystatin C, HbA1c, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), waist circumference (waist), and duration of diabetes were included in the regression analysis with log(e) (ln) of PON1 mass as the dependent variable.
240	19151417	A regression model including PON2 Ala148Gly genotype, HDLC, and ln cystatin C explained 25.8% of the variance in PON1 mass.
241	19151417	Conversely, waist, age, ln HbA1c, ln duration of diabetes, and ln PON1 mass, but not PON2 genotype, explained 38% of the variance in cystatin C.
242	19151417	Subjects with cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) (stage 3 kidney disease) had significantly lower PON1 mass compared with subjects with cystatin C-eGFR >60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2).
243	19151417	The lower mass of PON1, an anti-inflammatory HDL-associated enzyme, in T2DM with cystatin C-eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
244	19390997	Changes of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: one year observational follow-up study.
245	19390997	We initiated the present work to explore whether neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could be used to predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.
246	19390997	Moreover, urine NGAL was found to be correlated positively with cystatin C, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine (SCr), and inversely with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), while serum NGAL correlated negatively with cystatin C and urea nitrogen, at both baseline and follow-up levels.
247	19406270	However, the relation was more apparent after censoring subjects with incident MI before incident HF, even when adjusted for C-reactive protein and cystatin C (hazard ratio 1.46, 95% confidence interval 1.08 to 1.97, p = 0.02).
248	19539088	Complementary prognostic value of cystatin C, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic Peptide and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute heart failure.
249	19539088	Blood samples were collected on hospital arrival to determine cystatin C, cardiac troponin T, and N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide.
250	19539088	After multivariate adjustment, cystatin C, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent predictors of mortality and/or heart failure readmission.
251	19539088	A multimarker approach combining cardiac troponin T, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and cystatin C improved risk stratification further, showing that patients with 2 (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 5.71) or 3 (hazard ratio 3.64, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 8.56) elevated biomarkers had a higher risk for adverse events than patients with no elevated biomarkers (p for trend = 0.015).
252	19539088	Complementary prognostic value of cystatin C, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic Peptide and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute heart failure.
253	19539088	Blood samples were collected on hospital arrival to determine cystatin C, cardiac troponin T, and N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide.
254	19539088	After multivariate adjustment, cystatin C, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent predictors of mortality and/or heart failure readmission.
255	19539088	A multimarker approach combining cardiac troponin T, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and cystatin C improved risk stratification further, showing that patients with 2 (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 5.71) or 3 (hazard ratio 3.64, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 8.56) elevated biomarkers had a higher risk for adverse events than patients with no elevated biomarkers (p for trend = 0.015).
256	19539088	Complementary prognostic value of cystatin C, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic Peptide and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute heart failure.
257	19539088	Blood samples were collected on hospital arrival to determine cystatin C, cardiac troponin T, and N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide.
258	19539088	After multivariate adjustment, cystatin C, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent predictors of mortality and/or heart failure readmission.
259	19539088	A multimarker approach combining cardiac troponin T, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and cystatin C improved risk stratification further, showing that patients with 2 (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 5.71) or 3 (hazard ratio 3.64, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 8.56) elevated biomarkers had a higher risk for adverse events than patients with no elevated biomarkers (p for trend = 0.015).
260	19539088	Complementary prognostic value of cystatin C, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic Peptide and cardiac troponin T in patients with acute heart failure.
261	19539088	Blood samples were collected on hospital arrival to determine cystatin C, cardiac troponin T, and N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide.
262	19539088	After multivariate adjustment, cystatin C, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent predictors of mortality and/or heart failure readmission.
263	19539088	A multimarker approach combining cardiac troponin T, N-terminal-pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and cystatin C improved risk stratification further, showing that patients with 2 (hazard ratio 2.37, 95% confidence interval 1.10 to 5.71) or 3 (hazard ratio 3.64, 95% confidence interval 1.55 to 8.56) elevated biomarkers had a higher risk for adverse events than patients with no elevated biomarkers (p for trend = 0.015).
264	19746273	[Cystatin C and adiponectin in diabetics with and without coronary artery disease].
265	19765773	Insulin resistance and inflammation may have an additional role in the link between cystatin C and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
266	19765773	We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance or various biomarkers of cardiovascular risk have a role in the link between cystatin C and CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
267	19765773	Albumin-creatinine ratio, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) all showed significant correlations with cystatin C that were generally higher than those with eGFR.
268	19765773	Cystatin C level was independently associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.0380, P = .0082), albumin-creatinine ratio (beta = 0.0004, P < .0001), uric acid (beta = 0.0666, P < .0001), and homocysteine (beta = 0.0087, P = .0004).
269	19765773	In conclusion, cystatin C level was significantly associated with insulin resistance and biomarkers reflecting inflammation independent of renal function.
270	19765773	Insulin resistance and inflammation may have an additional role in the link between cystatin C and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
271	19765773	We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance or various biomarkers of cardiovascular risk have a role in the link between cystatin C and CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
272	19765773	Albumin-creatinine ratio, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) all showed significant correlations with cystatin C that were generally higher than those with eGFR.
273	19765773	Cystatin C level was independently associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.0380, P = .0082), albumin-creatinine ratio (beta = 0.0004, P < .0001), uric acid (beta = 0.0666, P < .0001), and homocysteine (beta = 0.0087, P = .0004).
274	19765773	In conclusion, cystatin C level was significantly associated with insulin resistance and biomarkers reflecting inflammation independent of renal function.
275	19765773	Insulin resistance and inflammation may have an additional role in the link between cystatin C and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
276	19765773	We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance or various biomarkers of cardiovascular risk have a role in the link between cystatin C and CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
277	19765773	Albumin-creatinine ratio, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) all showed significant correlations with cystatin C that were generally higher than those with eGFR.
278	19765773	Cystatin C level was independently associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.0380, P = .0082), albumin-creatinine ratio (beta = 0.0004, P < .0001), uric acid (beta = 0.0666, P < .0001), and homocysteine (beta = 0.0087, P = .0004).
279	19765773	In conclusion, cystatin C level was significantly associated with insulin resistance and biomarkers reflecting inflammation independent of renal function.
280	19765773	Insulin resistance and inflammation may have an additional role in the link between cystatin C and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
281	19765773	We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance or various biomarkers of cardiovascular risk have a role in the link between cystatin C and CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
282	19765773	Albumin-creatinine ratio, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) all showed significant correlations with cystatin C that were generally higher than those with eGFR.
283	19765773	Cystatin C level was independently associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.0380, P = .0082), albumin-creatinine ratio (beta = 0.0004, P < .0001), uric acid (beta = 0.0666, P < .0001), and homocysteine (beta = 0.0087, P = .0004).
284	19765773	In conclusion, cystatin C level was significantly associated with insulin resistance and biomarkers reflecting inflammation independent of renal function.
285	19765773	Insulin resistance and inflammation may have an additional role in the link between cystatin C and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
286	19765773	We aimed to determine whether insulin resistance or various biomarkers of cardiovascular risk have a role in the link between cystatin C and CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
287	19765773	Albumin-creatinine ratio, fibrinogen, uric acid, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein(a) all showed significant correlations with cystatin C that were generally higher than those with eGFR.
288	19765773	Cystatin C level was independently associated with HOMA-IR (beta = 0.0380, P = .0082), albumin-creatinine ratio (beta = 0.0004, P < .0001), uric acid (beta = 0.0666, P < .0001), and homocysteine (beta = 0.0087, P = .0004).
289	19765773	In conclusion, cystatin C level was significantly associated with insulin resistance and biomarkers reflecting inflammation independent of renal function.
290	19902125	A total of 77 reported adipokines were quantified in our study, such as adiponectin, cathepsin D, cystatin C, resistin, and transferrin.
291	20620526	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin correlates with kidney function in heart allograft recipients.
292	20620526	The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a novel marker for early detection of acute renal failure has been highlighted recently.
293	20620526	On univariate analysis serum NGAL strongly correlated with serum creatinine (r = .70, P < .001), estimated GFR (CKD-EPI, r = -.57, P < .001, MDRD r = .56, P < .001, Cockcroft-Gault, r = -.56, P < .001), 24-hour creatinine clearance (r = .43, P < .001), and cystatin C (r = .74, P < .001).
294	20620526	In contrast, it was moderately correlated with red blood cell count (r = -.39, P < .01), hemoglobin level (r = -.42, P < .01), NT-proBNP (r = .25, P < .01), and only weakly with New York Heart Association class (r = .21, P < .05), time after transplantation (r = .21, P < .05), or age (r = .19, P < .05) upon multiple regression analysis, the best predictor of serum NGAL was estimated GFR (beta -0.87, P < .0001), explaining 89% of the NGAL concentrations.
295	21286018	Creatinine, urinary albumin levels, serum/urine cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR by MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease] and CKD-EPI [Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration] equations) were determined.
296	21286018	In multiple regression analysis, serum cystatin C was affected by C-reactive protein (CRP), sex, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR.
297	21286018	Urine cystatin C was affected by triglyceride, age, eGFR and ACR.
298	21286018	Creatinine, urinary albumin levels, serum/urine cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR by MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease] and CKD-EPI [Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration] equations) were determined.
299	21286018	In multiple regression analysis, serum cystatin C was affected by C-reactive protein (CRP), sex, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR.
300	21286018	Urine cystatin C was affected by triglyceride, age, eGFR and ACR.
301	21286018	Creatinine, urinary albumin levels, serum/urine cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR by MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease] and CKD-EPI [Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration] equations) were determined.
302	21286018	In multiple regression analysis, serum cystatin C was affected by C-reactive protein (CRP), sex, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR.
303	21286018	Urine cystatin C was affected by triglyceride, age, eGFR and ACR.
304	21498146	After adjusting for age, race-ethnicity, education, smoking, alcohol intake, body mass index, diabetes, total cholesterol and C-reactive protein, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of hypertension comparing quartile 4 of cystatin C to quartile 1 (referent) was 2.04 (1.13-3.69); P trend = .02 in women and 0.86 (0.53-1.41); P trend = .51 in men.
305	21670545	Although there was no significant change in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum cystatin C levels and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio were significantly decreased.
306	22127401	Relationship between serum cystatin C and serum adiponectin level in type 2 diabetic patients.
307	22349361	Glomerular filtration rate is estimated using serum creatinine, cystatin C and beta 2 microglobulin.
308	22349361	This study also examined the effects of combination and monotherapy on various renal variables viz. albumin, total proteins, TGF-β, TNF-α, VEGF, nitric oxide, adiponectin and erythropoeitin.
309	22432118	Insulin resistance, cystatin C, and mortality among older adults.
310	22465315	For example, odds ratios for a 1-SD higher level of risk factors were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08 to 1.29) for log-transformed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, 1.18 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.29) for white blood cell count, 1.15 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.25) for fibrinogen, 1.13 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.24) for uric acid, 1.14 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.26) for glycosylated hemoglobin, 1.11 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.23) for log-transformed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and 1.35 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.55) for cystatin C.
311	22465315	In conclusion, these data indicate that inflammation, prothrombotic state, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and cystatin C were associated with an increased prevalence of PAD in patients with CKD.
312	22465315	For example, odds ratios for a 1-SD higher level of risk factors were 1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08 to 1.29) for log-transformed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, 1.18 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.29) for white blood cell count, 1.15 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.25) for fibrinogen, 1.13 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.24) for uric acid, 1.14 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.26) for glycosylated hemoglobin, 1.11 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.23) for log-transformed homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and 1.35 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.55) for cystatin C.
313	22465315	In conclusion, these data indicate that inflammation, prothrombotic state, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and cystatin C were associated with an increased prevalence of PAD in patients with CKD.
314	22736507	Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy-based analysis revealed increases in urinary proteins that are early indicators of DN (e.g., cystatin C, clusterin, cathepsin B, retinol binding protein 4, and peroxiredoxin-1) in the STZ group, which were blocked by suramin.
315	22736507	Endothelial intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) activation, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammation; transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling; TGF-β1/SMAD-3-activated fibrogenic markers fibronectin-1, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen 1A2; activation of proinflammatory and profibrotic transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-3 (STAT-3), respectively, were all increased in STZ rats and suramin blocked these changes.
316	22736507	In conclusion, delayed administration of suramin attenuated 1) urinary markers of DN, 2) inflammation by blocking NF-κB activation and ICAM-1-mediated leukocyte infiltration, and 3) fibrosis by blocking STAT-3 and TGF-β1/SMAD-3 signaling.
317	22787375	Spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio and serum cystatin C are effective for detection of diabetic nephropathy in childhood diabetic patients.
318	22787375	Spot urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) measurement has been suggested as a surrogate to 24-hr urine collection for the assessment of microalbuminuria, and cystatin C (cysC) is known as an advantageous marker for renal function.
319	22787375	Spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio and serum cystatin C are effective for detection of diabetic nephropathy in childhood diabetic patients.
320	22787375	Spot urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) measurement has been suggested as a surrogate to 24-hr urine collection for the assessment of microalbuminuria, and cystatin C (cysC) is known as an advantageous marker for renal function.
321	22791702	Aliskiren treatment also improved albumin levels in plasma, suppressed profibrotic and proinflammatory cytokine synthesis viz TNF-α and TGF-β and angiogenesis by a decrease in VEGF.
322	22791702	In addition, the level of total proteins and GFR via cystatin c and beta-2microglobulin along with adiponectin and erythropoietin were also improved.
323	22798249	Urinary Smad1, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting serum C-Peptide (C-P), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), cystatin C, and other chemistry laboratory parameters of T2DM participants and controls were measured.
324	22922382	We subsequently demonstrated that the attenuated activity we observed resulted from binding between cathepsin S and its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C in plasma.
325	22922382	Although many laboratories have explored the relationship between cathepsin S and cystatin C, this is the first study to demonstrate their association in human circulation, a finding that could prove to be important in furthering our understanding of cathepsin S biology.
326	22922382	We subsequently demonstrated that the attenuated activity we observed resulted from binding between cathepsin S and its endogenous inhibitor cystatin C in plasma.
327	22922382	Although many laboratories have explored the relationship between cathepsin S and cystatin C, this is the first study to demonstrate their association in human circulation, a finding that could prove to be important in furthering our understanding of cathepsin S biology.
328	23417728	Elevated levels of serum cystatin C were associated with prediabetes after adjusting for potential confounders including serum total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and C-reactive protein.
329	23760284	The birth weight of 2192 study members with complete data was related to three markers of renal function at age 60-64 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated using cystatin C (eGFRcys), eGFR calculated using creatinine and cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys), and the urine albumin-creatinine ratio) using linear regression.
330	23813702	Whether kidney dysfunction is associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC) in young and middle-aged adults who have a cystatin C-derived estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcys) greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) is unknown.
331	23852792	The relationship between serum fetuin-A, cystatin-C levels, and microalbuminuria in patients with metabolic syndrome.
332	23966807	The aim of this study was to assess serum cystatin C and 2 renal tubular enzymes, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), as screening markers for early renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).