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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
9740168
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Cryofibrinogen is a cold insoluble complex of fibrin, fibrinogen, and fibrin split products with albumin, cold insoluble globulin, factor VIII, and plasma proteins.
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2 |
11035540
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Retinal mRNA was prepared from STZ-diabetic and non-diabetic FVB mice at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks and cDNA encoding basement membrane components was quantitated using MIMIC constructs that compete for the same primer pairs. alpha1 (IV) collagen, the beta1 and gamma1 chains of laminin, fibronectin, and vitronectin mRNAs were quantitated.
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3 |
11035540
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The magnitude of change was greatest for alpha1 (IV) collagen (2.4-fold) and beta1 laminin (2. 5-fold) at 8 weeks, and least for fibronectin (1.6-fold).
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4 |
12411472
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Leptin induces endothelial cell migration through Akt, which is inhibited by PPARgamma-ligands.
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5 |
12411472
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The antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZD) inhibit leptin gene expression and vascular smooth muscle cell migration through activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma).
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6 |
12411472
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Because activation of two signaling pathways, the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-->Akt-->eNOS and the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway, is known to be involved in cell migration, we used the pharmacological inhibitors wortmannin and PD98059 to determine if chemotactic signaling by leptin involves Akt or ERK1/2, respectively.
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7 |
12411472
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Treatment with the TZD-PPARgamma-ligands TRO and CIG significantly inhibited the chemotactic response toward leptin.
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8 |
12411472
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Both PPARgamma-ligands inhibited leptin-stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, but neither attenuated ERK 1/2 activation in response to leptin.
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9 |
12411472
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The inhibition of Akt-phosphorylation was accompanied by a PPARgamma-ligand-mediated upregulation of PTEN, a phosphatase that functions as a negative regulator of PI3K-->Akt signaling.
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10 |
12411472
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These experiments provide the first evidence that activation of Akt and ERK 1/2 are crucial events in leptin-mediated signal transduction leading to EC migration.
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11 |
12411472
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Moreover, inhibition of leptin-directed migration by the PPARgamma-ligands TRO and CIG through inhibition of Akt underscores their potential in the prevention of diabetes-associated complications.
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12 |
12411472
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Leptin induces endothelial cell migration through Akt, which is inhibited by PPARgamma-ligands.
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13 |
12411472
|
The antidiabetic thiazolidinediones (TZD) inhibit leptin gene expression and vascular smooth muscle cell migration through activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma).
|
14 |
12411472
|
Because activation of two signaling pathways, the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)-->Akt-->eNOS and the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway, is known to be involved in cell migration, we used the pharmacological inhibitors wortmannin and PD98059 to determine if chemotactic signaling by leptin involves Akt or ERK1/2, respectively.
|
15 |
12411472
|
Treatment with the TZD-PPARgamma-ligands TRO and CIG significantly inhibited the chemotactic response toward leptin.
|
16 |
12411472
|
Both PPARgamma-ligands inhibited leptin-stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation, but neither attenuated ERK 1/2 activation in response to leptin.
|
17 |
12411472
|
The inhibition of Akt-phosphorylation was accompanied by a PPARgamma-ligand-mediated upregulation of PTEN, a phosphatase that functions as a negative regulator of PI3K-->Akt signaling.
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18 |
12411472
|
These experiments provide the first evidence that activation of Akt and ERK 1/2 are crucial events in leptin-mediated signal transduction leading to EC migration.
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19 |
12411472
|
Moreover, inhibition of leptin-directed migration by the PPARgamma-ligands TRO and CIG through inhibition of Akt underscores their potential in the prevention of diabetes-associated complications.
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20 |
16741042
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Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase with pharmacological inhibitors and protein kinase B with dominant negative transfections prevented glucose- and ET-1-mediated FN and ED-B FN expression.
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21 |
16741042
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We then determined the functional significance of ED-B in ECs and show that ED-B FN is involved in vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cellular proliferation.
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22 |
16741042
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Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase with pharmacological inhibitors and protein kinase B with dominant negative transfections prevented glucose- and ET-1-mediated FN and ED-B FN expression.
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23 |
16741042
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We then determined the functional significance of ED-B in ECs and show that ED-B FN is involved in vascular endothelial growth factor expression and cellular proliferation.
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24 |
18723004
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Quantitative PCR confirmed altered regulation in 6 of 7 Alzheimer-related genes (Apbb1, C1qa, Clu, App, Cst3, Fn1, Htatip) in iron-deficient rats relative to iron-sufficient controls at P15.
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25 |
18793745
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The examples of such candidate proteins include several hubs, focal adhesion kinase PTK2 and the extracellular proteins fibronectin FN1, paxillin PXN, and vinculin VCL.
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26 |
19211686
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Real-time PCR demonstrated increased glomerular expression of Col4a1, Fn1, and Tgfb1.
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27 |
20947626
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Here, we used centrifugation to separate a fetuin-mineral complex (FMC) composed of fetuin-A, fibrinogen, fibronectin-1, and calcium from the serum of hemodialysis patients.
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28 |
20947626
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Moreover, the magnitude of cinacalcet-induced reduction in parathyroid hormone correlated with the decrease in RR but not with changes in serum or supernatant fetuin-A.
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29 |
21910999
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As a result, five shared risk feature genes, CD80, EGFR, FN1, GSK3B and TRAF6 were found and proven to be associated with rheumatoid arthritis by previous reports.
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30 |
22736507
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Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy-based analysis revealed increases in urinary proteins that are early indicators of DN (e.g., cystatin C, clusterin, cathepsin B, retinol binding protein 4, and peroxiredoxin-1) in the STZ group, which were blocked by suramin.
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31 |
22736507
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Endothelial intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) activation, leukocyte infiltration, and inflammation; transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) signaling; TGF-β1/SMAD-3-activated fibrogenic markers fibronectin-1, α-smooth muscle actin, and collagen 1A2; activation of proinflammatory and profibrotic transcription factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription factor-3 (STAT-3), respectively, were all increased in STZ rats and suramin blocked these changes.
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32 |
22736507
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In conclusion, delayed administration of suramin attenuated 1) urinary markers of DN, 2) inflammation by blocking NF-κB activation and ICAM-1-mediated leukocyte infiltration, and 3) fibrosis by blocking STAT-3 and TGF-β1/SMAD-3 signaling.
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33 |
23454124
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Emerging evidence shows that transient hyperglycemic exposure of human endothelial cells induces histone 3 lysine 4 mono-methylation (H3K4me1) on the promoter and persistent mRNA expression of RelA and IL-8 genes, suggesting that epigenetic histone modification and chromatin structure remodeling is a key event underlying metabolic memory.
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34 |
23454124
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To address this, we used type 1 diabetes mouse model induced by streptozocin to be hyperglycemic for 8 weeks, and isolated endothelial cells that were used either freshly after isolation or after 2 to 3-week cell culture in normoglycemic conditions. mRNA expression profiling in diabetic mouse endothelial cells revealed significant and persistent up-regulation of Serpine1 encoding PAI-1, the hypo-fibrinolytic mediator leading to thrombotic diseases in diabetes, along with Rock2, Fn1 and Ccl2, whereas only Serpine 1 was persistently elevated in high glucose-treated mouse endothelial cells.
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35 |
23710468
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Compared to KK-a/a controls, 26-week-old KK-A (y) mice had elevated HbA1c, insulin, leptin, triglycerides, and cholesterol, and Unx further elevated these markers of metabolic dysregulation.
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36 |
23710468
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Consistent with functional and histological evidence of increased injury, fibrotic (fibronectin 1, MMP9, and TGF β 1) and inflammatory (IL-6, CD68) genes were markedly upregulated in Unx KK-A (y) mice, while podocyte markers (nephrin and podocin) were significantly decreased.
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37 |
16973718
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Here, we treated diabetic rats with TETA and evaluated its ability to ameliorate Cu(2+)-mediated LV and arterial damage by modifying the expression of molecular targets that included transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, Smad4, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD), and heparan sulfate (HS).
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38 |
16973718
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LV and aortic mRNAs corresponding to TGF-beta1, Smad4, collagen types I, III, and IV, and fibronectin-1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, were elevated in untreated diabetic animals and normalized after TETA treatment.
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39 |
16973718
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Candidate molecular mechanisms by which TETA could ameliorate diabetic cardiac and arteriovascular disease include the suppression of an activated TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway that mediates increased ECM gene expression and restoration of normal EC-SOD and HS regulation.
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