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PMID |
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1372897
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We demonstrate here that fatty acids can regulate specific gene expression; mRNAs encoding the fatty acid binding protein adipocyte P2 (aP2) and the Fos-related transcription factor Fra1 are specifically induced at least 20-fold upon treatment of preadipocytes with oleate.
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1372897
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For aP2, the effect requires long chain fatty acids and occurs without a generalized activation of the genes linked to adipocyte differentiation.
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3 |
1372897
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Unlike aP2, Fra1 induction by fatty acids also can be detected in NIH 3T3 and 3T3-C2 fibroblasts.
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4 |
1372897
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We demonstrate here that fatty acids can regulate specific gene expression; mRNAs encoding the fatty acid binding protein adipocyte P2 (aP2) and the Fos-related transcription factor Fra1 are specifically induced at least 20-fold upon treatment of preadipocytes with oleate.
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5 |
1372897
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For aP2, the effect requires long chain fatty acids and occurs without a generalized activation of the genes linked to adipocyte differentiation.
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6 |
1372897
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Unlike aP2, Fra1 induction by fatty acids also can be detected in NIH 3T3 and 3T3-C2 fibroblasts.
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7 |
11179452
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Using mRNA differential display, we have compared 3T3-L1 cells treated to differentiate in the presence of BRL49653 with untreated 3T3-L1 cells and identified Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1), a member of the Fos protein family, as a novel molecular target for BRL49653 action in 3T3-L1 cells.
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11179452
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The only other member of the Fos-Jun family expressed in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was JunD and a complex of Fra-1 and JunD was formed on a consensus AP-1 binding element in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that the complex of Fra-1 and JunD may play a role in the stimulation of the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 cells observed after treatment of the cells with insulin sensitizers.
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11179452
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Using mRNA differential display, we have compared 3T3-L1 cells treated to differentiate in the presence of BRL49653 with untreated 3T3-L1 cells and identified Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1), a member of the Fos protein family, as a novel molecular target for BRL49653 action in 3T3-L1 cells.
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10 |
11179452
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The only other member of the Fos-Jun family expressed in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was JunD and a complex of Fra-1 and JunD was formed on a consensus AP-1 binding element in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting that the complex of Fra-1 and JunD may play a role in the stimulation of the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 cells observed after treatment of the cells with insulin sensitizers.
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11 |
14530283
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Expression profiling identifies genes that continue to respond to insulin in adipocytes made insulin-resistant by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
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12 |
14530283
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We have employed microarray technology using RNA from normal 3T3-L1 adipocytes and from 3T3-L1 adipocytes made insulin-resistant by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha to identify a new class of insulin-responsive genes.
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14530283
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Socs-3, junB, and matrix metalloproteinase-11).
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14 |
14530283
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Glut-1 and beta3-adrenergic receptor), other novel insulin-sensitive genes were also identified (e.g.
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15 |
14530283
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Egr-1, epiregulin, Fra-1, and ABCA1).
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16 |
14530283
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Using an antisense strategy, we show that tissue factor and macrophage colony-stimulating factor, two cardiovascular risk factors, are downstream EGR-1 target genes in the adipocyte.
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17 |
14566971
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Age-related differences in MAP kinase activity in VSMC in response to glucose or TNF-alpha.
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18 |
14566971
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Activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding to DNA increased more in VSMC from old versus young rats (P < 0.02) and was related to increased expression of its components, c-Fos, Fra-1, and JunD.
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19 |
14566971
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The relationship to upstream signals, i.e., activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), was studied using antibodies to total and phosphorylated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38.
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20 |
14566971
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High glucose and TNF-alpha increased ERK phosphorylation more in old (P < 0.05); whereas only TNF-alpha induced JNK activation in young (P < 0.04).
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21 |
14566971
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PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, attenuated AP-1 activation, lowered c-Fos and Fra-1 protein levels and reduced cell number and cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen in old.
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22 |
14566971
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Age-related differences in MAP kinase activity in VSMC in response to glucose or TNF-alpha.
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23 |
14566971
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Activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding to DNA increased more in VSMC from old versus young rats (P < 0.02) and was related to increased expression of its components, c-Fos, Fra-1, and JunD.
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24 |
14566971
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The relationship to upstream signals, i.e., activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), was studied using antibodies to total and phosphorylated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38.
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25 |
14566971
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High glucose and TNF-alpha increased ERK phosphorylation more in old (P < 0.05); whereas only TNF-alpha induced JNK activation in young (P < 0.04).
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26 |
14566971
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PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, attenuated AP-1 activation, lowered c-Fos and Fra-1 protein levels and reduced cell number and cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen in old.
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27 |
15145956
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Glucose regulates interleukin-8 production in aortic endothelial cells through activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in diabetes.
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28 |
15145956
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This increased adhesion is mediated primarily through induction of interleukin (IL)-8 via activation of the transcription factor AP-1 (Srinivasan, S., Yeh, M., Danziger, E.
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29 |
15145956
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In the current study, we identified the elements in the AP-1 transcriptional complex that are activated by glucose.
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30 |
15145956
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These elements include c-Jun, c-Fos, and Fra-1.
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31 |
15145956
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AP-1 is activated by cellular oxidative stress, and we have reported significant production of ROS by high glucose-cultured cells.
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32 |
15145956
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We examined signaling pathways upstream of AP-1 in EC that lead to AP-1 activation by HG.
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33 |
15145956
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Inhibition of the p38 pathway using 5 microm SB203580 significantly reduced glucose-mediated IL-8 mRNA production by 60%.
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34 |
15145956
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Thus, glucose-stimulated monocyte adhesion is primarily regulated through phosphorylation of p38 with subsequent activation of AP-1, leading to IL-8 production.
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35 |
15145956
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Taken together, these data indicate that chronic elevated glucose in diabetes activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway to increase inflammatory IL-8 gene induction and monocyte/endothelial adhesion.
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36 |
16224068
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Transcriptional repression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 gene in macrophages: a novel atherosclerotic effect of angiotensin II.
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37 |
16224068
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Herein, we describe a novel transcription mechanism through which Ang II inhibits macrophage expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a key regulator of reverse cholesterol transport.
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38 |
16224068
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We demonstrate that chronic Ang II infusion substantially promotes macrophage infiltration, foam cell formation, and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice and significantly reduces ABCA1 expression in peripheral macrophages.
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39 |
16224068
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Administration of the Ang II type 1 receptor blocker valsartan inhibited Ang II-induced ABCA1 mRNA repression, macrophage cholesterol accumulation, and atherosclerosis.
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40 |
16224068
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Ang II treatment reduced ABCA1 promoter activity of in vitro cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages, inducing fos-related antigen 2 (Fra2) protein binding to an ABCA1 promoter E-box motif, a site known to negatively regulate macrophage ABCA1 transcription.
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16224068
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Valsartan pretreatment blocked Fra2 binding to the ABCA1 promoter, and Fra2 small interfering RNA pretreatment attenuated Ang II-mediated ABCA1 transcriptional inhibition, confirming the role of Fra2 in this process.
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16224068
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This new evidence suggests that Ang II, a well-known proinflammatory and pro-oxidative factor, alters macrophage cholesterol homeostasis by repressing ABCA1 to promote foam cell formation and atherosclerosis.
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43 |
22386866
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Different signaling mechanisms regulating IL-6 expression by LPS between gingival fibroblasts and mononuclear cells: seeking the common target.
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44 |
22386866
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To reduce connective tissue IL-6 level stimulated by LPS, it is essential to control IL-6 expression in both mononuclear cells and fibroblasts.
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45 |
22386866
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In this study, we found that signaling pathways mediating LPS-stimulated IL-6 in mononuclear U937 cells and fibroblasts were different.
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46 |
22386866
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Furthermore, our studies showed that while LPS activated AP-1 and NFκB in U937 cells, it only activated NFκB in fibroblasts.
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47 |
22386866
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Analysis of nuclear AP-1 subunits showed that LPS stimulated c-Fos, Fra-1 and Jun D activities in U937 cells, but not fibroblasts.
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48 |
22386866
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The lack of ERK involvement in LPS-stimulated IL-6 in fibroblasts was further supported by the observations that simvastatin, which is known to target ERK-AP-1, failed to inhibit LPS-stimulated IL-6 by fibroblasts.
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49 |
22386866
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Finally, we showed that targeting NFκB pathway was highly effective in inhibition of LPS-stimulated IL-6 in coculture of U937 cells and fibroblasts.
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