Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: HLA-DQA1

Gene name: major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1

HGNC ID: 4942

Synonyms: CELIAC1

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ABL2	1 hits
2	C4A	1 hits
3	CD4	1 hits
4	CD8A	1 hits
5	CELIAC2	1 hits
6	CELIAC3	1 hits
7	CTLA4	1 hits
8	GAD1	1 hits
9	GAD2	1 hits
10	HLA-A	1 hits
11	HLA-B	1 hits
12	HLA-C	1 hits
13	HLA-DPB1	1 hits
14	HLA-DQA2	1 hits
15	HLA-DQB1	1 hits
16	HLA-DRA	1 hits
17	HLA-DRB1	1 hits
18	IDDM2	1 hits
19	IFNA1	1 hits
20	INS	1 hits
21	PTPN22	1 hits
22	PTPRN	1 hits
23	RBM45	1 hits
24	TAP1	1 hits
25	TAP2	1 hits
26	TNF	1 hits
27	TNFRSF10A	1 hits
28	TNFRSF25	1 hits
29	TOR1A	1 hits
30	TPO	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	1429035	Relative contribution of HLA-DQA and -DQB alleles to predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
2	1429035	The results were grouped into three entities: a combination of alleles conferring susceptibility, a group conferring protection, and a group without any apparent HLA-DQ or -DR predisposition to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
3	1440568	Distribution of HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 and DRB1 alleles in black IDDM patients and controls from Zimbabwe.
4	1442714	The risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with genetic susceptibility markers at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and DQB1 loci was evaluated among individuals with and those without islet cell antibodies.
5	1528793	The coeliac disease (CD) or gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE) is a permanent intolerance to wheat gliadin and to correlated proteins inducing malabsorption and typical damages of the jejunal mucosa (total or subtotal villous atrophy = SVA) in genetically-predisposed individuals ("DQW2").
6	1548146	Complementation of HLA-DQA and -DQB genes confers susceptibility and protection to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
7	1548146	Lack of an aspartic acid 57 in the HLA-DQ beta chain was introduced as a genetic marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
8	1548146	The new susceptibility genotype DQA3-DQB3.2/DQA4.1-DQB2 (DQA10301-DQB10302/DQA10501-DQB10201) may explain the well-known excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygous IDDM patients and is expected to help identify individuals at risk for developing the disease.
9	1676685	HLA-DQA11 contributes to resistance and A13 confers susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects.
10	1676685	In this study HLA-DQA1 and TNF genes in addition to HLA-DQB1 gene were investigated at DNA level for elucidation of the genetic backgrounds of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects.
11	1676685	HLA-DQA11 contributes to resistance and A13 confers susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects.
12	1676685	In this study HLA-DQA1 and TNF genes in addition to HLA-DQB1 gene were investigated at DNA level for elucidation of the genetic backgrounds of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects.
13	1679401	DNA was extracted from blood samples and studied by Southern blot hybridisation techniques and the following probe enzyme combinations: HLA-DQB1; Taq 1, HLA-DQA1; Taq 1, HLA-DRA; Bgl II, insulin gene hypervariable region; Pvu II and the switch region of the immunoglobulin IgM heavy chain gene (S mu); Sac I.
14	1841324	The use of PCR technique and sequence specific oligonucleotides for HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 gene typing in a group of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients in the Russian population of Moscow.
15	1892468	DNA sequence analysis of the variable regions of the HLA-DQA, DQB and DRB genes has revealed at least eight alleles at HLA-DQA, 13 at HLA-DQB and 34 at HLA-DRB1.
16	2040390	HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles associated with genetic susceptibility to IDDM in a black population.
17	2040390	Transracial analysis provides a method of distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA class II alleles from those secondary to linkage disequilibrium.
18	2040390	In this study, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in Afro-Caribbean IDDM and control subjects were compared.
19	2040390	HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles associated with genetic susceptibility to IDDM in a black population.
20	2040390	Transracial analysis provides a method of distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA class II alleles from those secondary to linkage disequilibrium.
21	2040390	In this study, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in Afro-Caribbean IDDM and control subjects were compared.
22	2097994	HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 DNA typing in multiplex IDDM families by use of sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes and genomic sequencing.
23	2187469	DNA sequence analysis of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes from humans and rodents with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes indicates that a portion of MHC-linked genetic susceptibility in humans is determined by the HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 loci.
24	2318983	Family and population studies indicate that predisposition to insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic.
25	2318983	It has been suggested that other HLA class II sequences, probably belonging to the HLA DQA1 gene, confer susceptibility to IDDM.
26	2687162	Cytokines and their related enzyme pathways may play a part in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
27	2687162	Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzyme Taq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects.
28	2687162	Likewise, a significantly higher mean level of enzyme activity was associated with the heterozygous 1/3 insulin-related genotype in the IDDM subjects only.
29	3240836	Oligonucleotide probes for HLA-DQA and DQB genes define susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
30	6541983	To illustrate the method, it is applied to two specific diseases, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE), and a specific locus, the HLA gene complex.
31	6541983	A possible reason for these differences is the markedly increased disease susceptibility of the DR3/DR4 heterozygote for IDDM.
32	7589884	HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus.
33	7589884	The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
34	7589884	In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects.
35	7589884	Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci.
36	7589884	Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA10501-DQB10201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA10101-DQB10501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients.
37	7589884	Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 haplotypes.
38	7589884	HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus.
39	7589884	The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
40	7589884	In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects.
41	7589884	Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci.
42	7589884	Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA10501-DQB10201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA10101-DQB10501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients.
43	7589884	Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 haplotypes.
44	7589884	HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus.
45	7589884	The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
46	7589884	In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects.
47	7589884	Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci.
48	7589884	Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA10501-DQB10201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA10101-DQB10501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients.
49	7589884	Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 haplotypes.
50	7589884	HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus.
51	7589884	The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
52	7589884	In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects.
53	7589884	Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci.
54	7589884	Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA10501-DQB10201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA10101-DQB10501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients.
55	7589884	Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 haplotypes.
56	7608264	Susceptibility and resistance alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and HLA DQB1 are shared in endocrine autoimmune disease.
57	7608264	HLA DQA10501 was significantly more frequent in IDDM (60%), GD (65%), and AD (70%) than in controls (43%); DQA10301 was significantly more frequent only in IDDM (67% vs. 30% controls).
58	7608264	HLA DQB10201 and DQB10302 were more frequent in IDDM patients (0201, 62% vs. 36% in controls, 0302, 59% vs. 19% controls), whereas DQB1*0602 was less frequent in IDDM (4%) and GD (18% vs. 31% of controls).
59	7608264	Susceptibility and resistance alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and HLA DQB1 are shared in endocrine autoimmune disease.
60	7608264	HLA DQA10501 was significantly more frequent in IDDM (60%), GD (65%), and AD (70%) than in controls (43%); DQA10301 was significantly more frequent only in IDDM (67% vs. 30% controls).
61	7608264	HLA DQB10201 and DQB10302 were more frequent in IDDM patients (0201, 62% vs. 36% in controls, 0302, 59% vs. 19% controls), whereas DQB1*0602 was less frequent in IDDM (4%) and GD (18% vs. 31% of controls).
62	7624445	HLA DQA1 genotypes and its interaction with HLA DQB1 in Chinese IDDM living in Taiwan.
63	7624445	To study the role of the HLA DQA1 gene and its interaction with DQB1 in the susceptibility of IDDM, subjects with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic unrelated controls were recruited from a Chinese population living in northern Taiwan.
64	7624445	HLA DQA1 genotypes and its interaction with HLA DQB1 in Chinese IDDM living in Taiwan.
65	7624445	To study the role of the HLA DQA1 gene and its interaction with DQB1 in the susceptibility of IDDM, subjects with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic unrelated controls were recruited from a Chinese population living in northern Taiwan.
66	7720136	[Association of polymorphism for HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) with IDDM].
67	7720136	We have identified the DNA polymorphism for the HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) in patients with early and late onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by PCR direct sequencing.
68	7720136	[Association of polymorphism for HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) with IDDM].
69	7720136	We have identified the DNA polymorphism for the HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) in patients with early and late onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by PCR direct sequencing.
70	7781492	HLA-DQA1 and DPB1 alleles were examined in relation to autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) in the Japanese type 1 diabetic patients.
71	7903490	Analysis of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes in Mexican Americans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
72	7903490	Mexican American patients (n = 35) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and control subjects (n = 39) were HLA-DQA and DQB typed by the polymerase chain reaction technique combined with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes.
73	7903490	Analysis of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes in Mexican Americans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
74	7903490	Mexican American patients (n = 35) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and control subjects (n = 39) were HLA-DQA and DQB typed by the polymerase chain reaction technique combined with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes.
75	7949227	Frequency analysis of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 gene alleles and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus in Russian patients.
76	7949227	The HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes have recently been recognized to be strong genetic markers of susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
77	7949227	Frequency analysis of HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 gene alleles and susceptibility to type 1 diabetes mellitus in Russian patients.
78	7949227	The HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes have recently been recognized to be strong genetic markers of susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
79	8032070	HLA-DQA and DQB alleles contribute to susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
80	8032070	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with the presence of arginine in position 52 of the DQ alpha chain and absence of aspartic acid in position 57 of the DQ beta chain in Caucasians.
81	8052140	Lack of association of the transporter associated with antigen processing with Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
82	8052140	The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region is a molecule required for endogenous antigen processing.
83	8052140	Amino acid substitutions at positions 333 and 637 of TAP1 and at positions 379, 665, and 687 of TAP2 were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method.
84	8052140	There was no significant difference between IDDM patients and normal controls in the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles.
85	8052140	The frequencies of HLA-DQA10301 and -DQB10401 were increased significantly and those of HLA-DQA10103, -DQB10501, -DQB10601 and -DQB10602 were decreased significantly in Japanese IDDM patients compared with normal controls.
86	8052140	Even when subjects with HLA-DQA10103, -DQA10301, -DQB10302, -DQB10303, and -DQB1*0401 were considered separately, no significant differences was found in the distribution of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles between IDDM patients and normal controls.
87	8052140	Lack of association of the transporter associated with antigen processing with Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
88	8052140	The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region is a molecule required for endogenous antigen processing.
89	8052140	Amino acid substitutions at positions 333 and 637 of TAP1 and at positions 379, 665, and 687 of TAP2 were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method.
90	8052140	There was no significant difference between IDDM patients and normal controls in the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles.
91	8052140	The frequencies of HLA-DQA10301 and -DQB10401 were increased significantly and those of HLA-DQA10103, -DQB10501, -DQB10601 and -DQB10602 were decreased significantly in Japanese IDDM patients compared with normal controls.
92	8052140	Even when subjects with HLA-DQA10103, -DQA10301, -DQB10302, -DQB10303, and -DQB1*0401 were considered separately, no significant differences was found in the distribution of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles between IDDM patients and normal controls.
93	8099884	We studied the relationship between residual beta-cell function and HLA class I and class II antigens in 111 unrelated Japanese IDDM patients.
94	8099884	DNA typing for HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 antigens was performed in addition to serological typing of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-DR antigens.
95	8175975	In recent-onset type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) occur preferentially in young (< 10 yr) patients with the HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 risk haplotype.
96	8178058	These associations are mainly observed with HLA class II genes polymorphisms; the precise knowledge of their structure has allowed to define HLA sequence polymorphisms which are themselves risk markers: specific combinations of HLA-DQA and DQB alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or a given DR, DQ haplotype for multiple sclerosis.
97	8200980	Two subsets of HLA-DQA1 alleles mark phenotypic variation in levels of insulin autoantibodies in first degree relatives at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes.
98	8201497	Elevated serum aminotransferase activity: an early manifestation of gluten-sensitive enteropathy in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
99	8270130	Insulin autoantibodies and high titre islet cell antibodies are preferentially associated with the HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype at clinical type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus before age 10 years, but not at onset between age 10 and 40 years.
100	8270130	Total and high concentrations of insulin autoantibodies and islet cell antibodies were preferentially associated with the HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 susceptibility haplotype.
101	8270130	Insulin autoantibodies and high titre islet cell antibodies are preferentially associated with the HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 haplotype at clinical type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus before age 10 years, but not at onset between age 10 and 40 years.
102	8270130	Total and high concentrations of insulin autoantibodies and islet cell antibodies were preferentially associated with the HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 susceptibility haplotype.
103	8338816	The frequencies of HLA-DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1 alleles were compared between 50 Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Melitus (IDDM) patients and 49 healthy controls in the Greek population.
104	8495808	5' insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA class II susceptibility.
105	8495808	The polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' upstream region of the human insulin gene is a well-known non-human leukocyte antigen locus contributing to genetic susceptibility to IDDM.
106	8495808	The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was positively associated with IDDM both in non-DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-11.5) and DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0).
107	8495808	Further subdivision of IDDM patients and matched control subjects according to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotype or phenotype also failed to show any association between 5' INS and HLA class II genes in diabetic patients.
108	8597319	Gluten-sensitive enteropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
109	8614605	Several diseases are associated the gluten-sensitive enteropathy, such as IgA deficiency, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and a range of other autoimmune diseases.
110	8636356	To evaluate the association of autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and IDDM-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types, we studied a unique group of 47 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a recessive disease not associated with HLA.
111	8636356	GAD65 antibodies (GAD65-Ab), GAD67-Ab, islet cell antibodies, and HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 were analyzed in relation to IDDM or a decreased insulin secretory capacity.
112	8722074	Transcomplementation of HLA DQA1-DQB1 in DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 heterozygotes and IDDM in Taiwanese families.
113	8737022	In new-onset insulin-dependent diabetic patients the presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies is associated with islet cell autoimmunity and the high risk haplotype HLA DQA10301-DQB10302.
114	8737022	In 157 new onset IDDM (104 men, 53 women, ages 10-39 yr) anti-thyroid peroxidase anti-bodies (anti-TPO) were assayed with a specific immunological test.
115	8773324	Distribution of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Senegalese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
116	8773324	Transracial analysis is one method for distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA II alleles from those related to linkage disequilibrium.
117	8773324	In this study, we compared the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in Senegalese IDDM and control subjects.
118	8773324	Distribution of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Senegalese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
119	8773324	Transracial analysis is one method for distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA II alleles from those related to linkage disequilibrium.
120	8773324	In this study, we compared the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in Senegalese IDDM and control subjects.
121	8820406	To define genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus each subject was typed in terms of HLA DQA1 and DQB1, and the possible conformation of susceptible heterodimers was considered as a risk marker.
122	8971543	To analyse HLA and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) association in the ethnically mixed population of La Réunion island, we carried out a family study on 70 diabetic subjects.
123	8971543	HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), completed by PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) and PCR-sequence-specific priming (SSP).
124	8981012	Of the 259 patients analysed so far, patients with ophthalmopathy did not differ from those without for HLA DQA1 and CTLA4 alleles tested.
125	8981012	This study also confirms that the allele HLA DQA1* 0501 confers susceptibility to Graves' disease, furthermore, that the CTLA4-alanine 17 allele is an additional predisposing factor.
126	8981012	Of the 259 patients analysed so far, patients with ophthalmopathy did not differ from those without for HLA DQA1 and CTLA4 alleles tested.
127	8981012	This study also confirms that the allele HLA DQA1* 0501 confers susceptibility to Graves' disease, furthermore, that the CTLA4-alanine 17 allele is an additional predisposing factor.
128	9008403	Certain of these markers (insulin auto-antibodies, IAA; islet cell antibodies, ICA; HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 risk haplotype) are more frequent for clinical onset before age 10 years and appear associated in that age category.
129	9028724	IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings.
130	9028724	IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients.
131	9028724	Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years.
132	9028724	IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A10301-DQ B10.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis.
133	9028724	In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%).
134	9028724	In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients.
135	9199707	The main goal of this study was to determine and characterise the types of mutations in two monogenic human disorders: cystic fibrosis (CF) and Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD, BMD) and the susceptibility allele frequency in a polygenic disease: type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
136	9199707	Thirty-six % of 50 patients with IDDM possessed four, 44% three and 20% two susceptibility markers in the HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 region.
137	9206083	Age-of-onset related HLA-DQA1 genetic heterogeneity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
138	9209509	Differential expression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-associated HLA-DQA1 alleles in vivo.
139	9209509	The strong association of HLA-DQ genes with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility is persuasive evidence of their central role in the etiology of this autoimmune disease.
140	9226129	Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in German patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
141	9226129	Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disorder in which the alleles HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 and DQA10301-DQB10302 confer strong susceptibility.
142	9226129	The genes for transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) are located near HLA DQ and display only a limited degree of polymorphism.
143	9226129	Since polymorphisms of TAP might influence susceptibility to IDDM possibly by selection of different antigen peptides, we investigated sequence variants of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in 120 German patients with IDDM and 218 random healthy German controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS).
144	9226129	In conclusion, our findings indicate that the observed association of TAP variants with IDDM in German patients is due to linkage disequilibrium with HLA DQ alleles/DRB1*04 subtypes.
145	9237803	Considerable evidence exists that the genes coding for the HLA class II DQ molecules in the MHC region are major contributors to genetic susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes.
146	9237803	In this study we have examined the distribution of the DMB allele and studied HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2-DMB haplotypes in 52 IDDM families and 65 un-related controls.
147	9237803	The IDDM-susceptible MHC DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes found by analysis of IDDM families were not associated with specific DMB alleles.
148	9287056	TNFa microsatellite polymorphism modulates the risk of IDDM in Caucasians with the high-risk genotype HLA DQA10501-DQB10201/DQA10301-DQB10302.
149	9353155	CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers.
150	9353155	Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility.
151	9353155	Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM.
152	9353155	In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment.
153	9353155	G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA10301-DQB10302 and/or DQA10501-DQB10201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes.
154	9353155	For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk.
155	9353155	In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers.
156	9438206	HLA DQ8 (DQ A10301/DQB10302) molecule is implicated in the susceptibility to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus whereas, HLA DQ6 (DQ A10103/DQB10601) molecule may have a protective effect.
157	9458118	Highly polymorphic promoter regions of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 genes do not help to further define disease susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
158	9458118	HLA DQA1, HLA DQB1 genes confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
159	9458118	Of major interest for IDDM susceptibility are the promoter "splits" of HLA DQA10301 (QAP3.1 and QAP3.2) and HLA DQB10302 (QBP3.2 and QBP3.3).
160	9458118	Highly polymorphic promoter regions of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 genes do not help to further define disease susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
161	9458118	HLA DQA1, HLA DQB1 genes confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
162	9458118	Of major interest for IDDM susceptibility are the promoter "splits" of HLA DQA10301 (QAP3.1 and QAP3.2) and HLA DQB10302 (QBP3.2 and QBP3.3).
163	9458118	Highly polymorphic promoter regions of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 genes do not help to further define disease susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
164	9458118	HLA DQA1, HLA DQB1 genes confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
165	9458118	Of major interest for IDDM susceptibility are the promoter "splits" of HLA DQA10301 (QAP3.1 and QAP3.2) and HLA DQB10302 (QBP3.2 and QBP3.3).
166	9498778	A peptide binding motif for HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602, the class II MHC molecule associated with dominant protection in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
167	9498778	HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 (DQ0602) is observed at a decreased frequency in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in different ethnic groups, suggesting a protective role for DQ0602.
168	9498778	Peptides 11 amino acids long were selected from GAD65, IA-2, and proinsulin, that contained the DQ0602 peptide binding motif.
169	9498778	A peptide binding motif for HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602, the class II MHC molecule associated with dominant protection in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
170	9498778	HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 (DQ0602) is observed at a decreased frequency in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in different ethnic groups, suggesting a protective role for DQ0602.
171	9498778	Peptides 11 amino acids long were selected from GAD65, IA-2, and proinsulin, that contained the DQ0602 peptide binding motif.
172	9519723	We analyzed 11 markers in the IDDM1 region in 120 IDDM patients and 83 healthy control subjects who were fully matched for the highest risk HLA-DQA10301-DQB1 0302/DQA10501-DQB10201 genotype.
173	9550329	Association between autoantibody markers and subtypes of DR4 and DR4-DQ in Swedish children with insulin-dependent diabetes reveals closer association of tyrosine pyrophosphatase autoimmunity with DR4 than DQ8.
174	9550329	HLA DQA10301-DQB10302 (DQ8) and DQA10501-DQB10201 (DQ2) are positively and DQA10102-DQB10602 (DQ6) negatively associated with IDDM.
175	9550329	The aim of the study was to determine the association between HLA-DR4 and DQ and the presence of GAD65, ICA512, and insulin autoantibodies as well as ICA in 425 Swedish children with IDDM and 367 controls in the age group of 0-15 years.
176	9551692	HLA class II typing revealed a genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus as demonstrated by the presence of DRB1* 04/08, DQ A1 52 Arg+/Arg+, and DQB1 57 N-Asp/Asp alleles.
177	9727063	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in humans is linked with specific HLA class II genes, e.g., HLA-DQA10301/ DQB10302 (DQ8).
178	9727063	Two GAD peptide-specific (247-266 and 509-528), DQ8 restricted Th1 CD4(+) T cell lines, were generated from immunized DQ8(+)/I-Abo mice.
179	9727063	In addition to CD4, islet mRNA from these mice also showed expression of CD8, IFNgamma, TNFalpha, Fas, and Fas ligand.
180	9777326	We report on the role of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in determining susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Hong Kong Chinese and investigate whether these alleles affect the age of onset of the disease.
181	9834137	Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
182	9834137	HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood.
183	9834137	Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA10301/DQB10302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH.
184	9834137	In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA10102/DQB10604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM.
185	9834137	Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
186	9834137	HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood.
187	9834137	Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA10301/DQB10302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH.
188	9834137	In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA10102/DQB10604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM.
189	9834137	Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
190	9834137	HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood.
191	9834137	Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA10301/DQB10302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH.
192	9834137	In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA10102/DQB10604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM.
193	9885897	This epitope as well as GAD 505-519 induces T cell responses despite binding the type I diabetes associated HLA-DQA10301/DQB10302 product with low affinity.
194	9885897	Long-term T cell lines against GAD 505-519 were HLA-DQ restricted, and responded to peptide with a strong IFN-gamma and IL-10 response.
195	10053014	The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, encompassing 3.5 Mb of DNA from the centromeric HLA-DPB2 locus to the telomeric HLA-F locus on chromosome 6p21, encodes a major part of the genetic predisposition to develop type 1 diabetes, designated "IDDM1."
196	10053014	A primary role for allelic variation of the class II HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 loci has been established.
197	10053014	However, studies of animals and humans have indicated that other, unmapped, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked genes are participating in IDDM1.
198	10053014	We have scanned 12 Mb of the MHC and flanking chromosome regions with microsatellite polymorphisms and analyzed the transmission of these marker alleles to diabetic probands from parents who were homozygous for the alleles of the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 genes.
199	10053014	The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex, encompassing 3.5 Mb of DNA from the centromeric HLA-DPB2 locus to the telomeric HLA-F locus on chromosome 6p21, encodes a major part of the genetic predisposition to develop type 1 diabetes, designated "IDDM1."
200	10053014	A primary role for allelic variation of the class II HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 loci has been established.
201	10053014	However, studies of animals and humans have indicated that other, unmapped, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked genes are participating in IDDM1.
202	10053014	We have scanned 12 Mb of the MHC and flanking chromosome regions with microsatellite polymorphisms and analyzed the transmission of these marker alleles to diabetic probands from parents who were homozygous for the alleles of the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 genes.
203	10199141	The characteristics includes: (1) the clinical phenotype at the onset of diabetes is non-insulin requiring, (2) the onset is late age, (3) beta-cell failure progresses slowly over several years with persistently positive low-titer ICA and high titer of GAD antibodies, (4) pathological study on autopsied pancreas demonstrated that beta-cell loss is incomplete, and exocrine pancreas is often atrophied with cell infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes, (5) higher family history of NIDDM, and (6) association with some genetic predisposition including HLA-DQA10301-DQB10401 and/or mitochondrial gene mutation at nucleotide pair 3243, and a lack of association with HLA-A24.
204	10374307	To understand latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA), we compared the clinical characteristics, fasting plasma glucose and C-peptide level, genetic frequency of HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 chain in 25 patients with LADA, 57 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, 21 patients with children-onset IDDM, 36 patients with adult-onset IDDM with ketosis), 38 patients with NIDDM (mild and moderate 30 patients and severe 8) and 42 normal persons.
205	10432437	In this study, we compared insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) from a strictly immunologic perspective.
206	10432437	On the basis of the compounded results we obtained, it is possible to propose that the same HLA-DQ molecules which are able to protect the individuals from IDDM (e.g., HLA-DQA10102, DQB10602) seem to favour the enteroviral attack to the myocardium, while alleles which confer the strongest susceptibility to IDDM (e.g., DQA10301, DQB10302), seem unable to sustain the immune attack against the heart.
207	10522814	Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IDDM1 and IDDM12 in a german population.
208	10522814	We analysed the transmission of HLA DQA1, DQB1, DRB1*04 alleles as well as an endogenous retroviral element (DQLTR3) in 130 families with a type 1 diabetic offspring in order to evaluate their role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM.
209	10522814	By transmission distortion test we confirm the linkage of HLA DQA10501 DQB10201 (DR3 DQ2) as well as DQA10301 DQB10302 (DR4 DQ8) with IDDM.
210	10522814	Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IDDM1 and IDDM12 in a german population.
211	10522814	We analysed the transmission of HLA DQA1, DQB1, DRB1*04 alleles as well as an endogenous retroviral element (DQLTR3) in 130 families with a type 1 diabetic offspring in order to evaluate their role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM.
212	10522814	By transmission distortion test we confirm the linkage of HLA DQA10501 DQB10201 (DR3 DQ2) as well as DQA10301 DQB10302 (DR4 DQ8) with IDDM.
213	10523020	The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction.
214	10523020	In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed.
215	10523020	All 14 patients without HLA-DQA10301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA10301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively).
216	10523020	DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA10301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA10301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395).
217	10523020	These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner.
218	10523020	The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction.
219	10523020	In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed.
220	10523020	All 14 patients without HLA-DQA10301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA10301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively).
221	10523020	DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA10301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA10301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395).
222	10523020	These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner.
223	10523020	The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction.
224	10523020	In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed.
225	10523020	All 14 patients without HLA-DQA10301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA10301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively).
226	10523020	DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA10301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA10301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395).
227	10523020	These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner.
228	10523020	The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction.
229	10523020	In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed.
230	10523020	All 14 patients without HLA-DQA10301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA10301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively).
231	10523020	DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA10301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA10301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395).
232	10523020	These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner.
233	10600012	The influence of age at onset and gender on the HLA-DQA1, DQB1 association in Chinese children with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
234	10620608	The diabetes was accompanied by severe insulitis composed of both T cells (CD4(+) and CD8(+)) and B cells.
235	10620608	T cells from the diabetic mice secreted large amounts of interferon gamma, but not interleukin 4, in response to DQ8(+) islets and the putative islet autoantigens, insulin and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD).
236	10620608	In conclusion, substitution of HLA-DQA10301/DQB10302, but not HLA-DQA10103/DQB10601, for murine MHC class II provokes autoimmune diabetes in non-diabetes-prone rat insulin promoter (RIP).B7-1 C57BL/6 mice.
237	10656226	Population-based genetic screening for the estimation of Type 1 diabetes mellitus risk in Finland: selective genotyping of markers in the HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DRB1 loci.
238	10777104	In a separate case-control data set, we investigated the HLA-DRB1*04 and DQ allele distribution in 245 IDDM patients and 177 controls from Germany, all DR4 positive.
239	10777104	The case-control study of HLA-DQB1 0302+ individuals revealed -DRB1 0405 to be more frequent in patients with IDDM and HLA-DRB1 0403 and -DRB1 0404 to be less frequent.
240	10777104	HLA-DQA1 0102-DQB1 0602 and -DQA1 0501-DQB1 0301 in trans complementation with DRB1 0401-DQB1 0302 were also significantly less frequent in IDDM patients (P<3x 10(-7) and P<0.02).
241	10777104	In conclusion, HLA-DRB1 0403 and -DQB10301 alleles in cis as well as protective DQ haplotypes in trans, confer dominant protection against IDDM in a German / Belgian population.
242	10975839	Beta 57-Asp plays an essential role in the unique SDS stability of HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC allele associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
243	10975839	Studies of the stability of HLA-DQ have revealed a correlation between SDS stability of MHC class II alphabeta dimers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility.
244	10975839	The MHC class II alphabeta dimer encoded by HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 (DQ0602), which is a dominant protective allele in IDDM, exhibits the greatest SDS stability among HLA-DQ molecules in EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells and PBLs.
245	10975839	Beta 57-Asp plays an essential role in the unique SDS stability of HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC allele associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
246	10975839	Studies of the stability of HLA-DQ have revealed a correlation between SDS stability of MHC class II alphabeta dimers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility.
247	10975839	The MHC class II alphabeta dimer encoded by HLA-DQA10102/DQB10602 (DQ0602), which is a dominant protective allele in IDDM, exhibits the greatest SDS stability among HLA-DQ molecules in EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells and PBLs.
248	11006709	Clinical data (onset and duration of diabetes, C peptide levels, duration of insulin treatment, associated disorders) were collected, islet cell specific antibodies (islet cell antibody and glutamate decarboxylase antibody) were determined and genetic analyses (HLA DQA1-DQB1 typing and microsatellite mapping on chromosome 6) were performed in three patients with permanent and three patients with transient neonatal diabetes.
249	12021143	IDDM is positively associated with HLA-DQA10301-DQB10302 (DQ8) and DQA10501-DQB10201 (DQ2) and negatively associated with DQA10102-DQB10602 (DQ6).
250	12021143	HLA genotyping identified several polymorphic residues of the DQalpha and DQbeta to be either positively or negatively associated with IDDM, including Arg 52 DQalpha and Asp 57 DQbeta.
251	12121278	In total, 37 HLA-DQA1 heterozygous individuals were analysed, including patients with IDDM (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 23).
252	12635478	The study of HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 polymorphic alleles and DRB1 genes and their combinations.
253	12635478	The genetic study included searching HLA loci (HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 polymorphic alleles and DRB1 genes) loci.
254	12635478	The study of HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 polymorphic alleles and DRB1 genes and their combinations.
255	12635478	The genetic study included searching HLA loci (HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 polymorphic alleles and DRB1 genes) loci.
256	12974555	The aim of this study was to estimate annual incidence rate of type 1 diabetes according to the levels of genetic susceptibility provided by HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotypes.
257	15853899	This study, also describes the QAP for most of the known HLA-DQA1 alleles, three HLA-DQA2 promoter sequences and the intron 2 sequences for HLA-DQA1040101, HLA-DQA1040102, HLA-DQA10402 and HLA-DQA10404.
258	16782520	Third, there is allele-specific regulation of the HLA-DQA1 gene by IFNalpha in islet tissue.
259	16792673	Lower percentages of CD4+ T cells (P = 0.03) and CD4+ CD25high cells (P = 0.06) expressing intracellular CTLA-4 were detected in samples from children with CTLA-4 +49GG compared to children with the +49AA genotype.
260	16792673	Similarly, lower percentages of CD4+ (P = 0.002) and CD4+ CD25high (P = 0.002) cells expressing CTLA-4 were observed in children positive for HLA DQA10501-DQB10201 and DQA10301-DQB10302 (P = 0.04 for CD4+ and P = 0.02 for CD4+ CD25high) risk haplotypes when compared to children without these alleles.
261	16792673	The percentage of CD25high cells among CD4+ cells was correlated inversely with CTLA-4 mRNA expression in PBMC (r = -0.56, P = 0.03).
262	16792673	Decreased levels of CTLA-4 in CD4+ and CD4+ CD25high cells in individuals with CTLA-4 and HLA class II alleles associated with T1D may contribute to the initiation and/or progression of autoimmune response.
263	17641683	IA-2 autoantibodies in incident type I diabetes patients are associated with a polyadenylation signal polymorphism in GIMAP5.
264	17641683	The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6598, located in a polyadenylation signal of GIMAP5, was associated with the presence of significant levels of IA-2 autoantibodies in the type I diabetes patients.
265	17641683	Patients with the minor allele A of rs6598 had an increased prevalence of IA-2 autoantibody levels compared to patients without the minor allele (OR=2.2; Bonferroni-corrected P=0.003), after adjusting for age at clinical onset (P=8.0 x 10(-13)) and the numbers of HLA-DQ A10501-B10201 haplotypes (P=2.4 x 10(-5)) and DQ A10301-B10302 haplotypes (P=0.002).
266	17641683	GIMAP5 polymorphism was not associated with type I diabetes or with GAD65 or insulin autoantibodies, ICA, or age at clinical onset in patients.
267	17678725	To determine the contribution of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene (TNFA) to the immunogenetic risk prediction of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the Belgian population, well-characterized antibody-positive patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), nondiabetic control subjects, and nuclear families were analyzed for HLA-DQA1-DQB1, TNFA -308 G/A promoter single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and TNFa microsatellite markers in both case-control and transmission studies.
268	17714036	HLA DQA10501 and DQA10501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) were significantly overtransmitted from the parents to the affected offspring (204 vs. 131, p = 0.0057, pc = 0.0228 and 109 vs. 55, p = 0.0036, pc = 0.0144, respectively).
269	17714036	We conclude, that HLA DQA10501 and DQA10501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) are strongly associated with Graves' disease in both populations.
270	17714036	HLA DQA10501 and DQA10501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) were significantly overtransmitted from the parents to the affected offspring (204 vs. 131, p = 0.0057, pc = 0.0228 and 109 vs. 55, p = 0.0036, pc = 0.0144, respectively).
271	17714036	We conclude, that HLA DQA10501 and DQA10501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) are strongly associated with Graves' disease in both populations.
272	18460733	Partial deficiency in complement C4A (C4A Q0) can not account for this defect, as it was not observed in patients with diabetes, gluten-sensitive enteropathy or autoimmune thyroiditis, in which C4A Q0 is common.
273	18504544	Autoantibodies to islet antigen-2 are associated with HLA-DRB107 and DRB109 haplotypes as well as DRB1*04 at onset of type 1 diabetes: the possible role of HLA-DQA in autoimmunity to IA-2.
274	22106694	HLA-DQ A1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 gene polymorphism--in Malay type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and their use for risk prediction.
275	22106694	HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 gene polymorphism were analyzed to study type 1 DM susceptibility in Malay patients from Southeast Asia (Malaysia and Singapore).
276	22106694	HLA-DQ A1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 gene polymorphism--in Malay type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and their use for risk prediction.
277	22106694	HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 gene polymorphism were analyzed to study type 1 DM susceptibility in Malay patients from Southeast Asia (Malaysia and Singapore).
278	22511809	Association of variants in HLA-DQA1-DQB1, PTPN22, INS, and CTLA4 with GAD autoantibodies and insulin secretion in nondiabetic adults of the Botnia Prospective Study.
279	23050549	HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in Celiac disease predisposition: practical implications of the HLA molecular typing.
280	23050549	The disorder has a multifactorial etiology in which the triggering environmental factor, the gluten, and the main genetic factors, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 loci, are well known.
281	23050549	HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 in Celiac disease predisposition: practical implications of the HLA molecular typing.
282	23050549	The disorder has a multifactorial etiology in which the triggering environmental factor, the gluten, and the main genetic factors, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 loci, are well known.
283	23160529	We investigated whether HLA-A*24 typing complements screening for HLA-DQ and for antibodies (Abs) against insulin, GAD, IA-2 (IA-2A), and zinc transporter-8 (ZnT8A) for prediction of rapid progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D).
284	23160529	Persistently Ab(+) siblings/offspring (n = 288; aged 0-39 years) of T1D patients were genotyped for HLA-DQA1-DQB1 and HLA-A*24 and monitored for development of diabetes within 5 years of first Ab(+).
285	23671871	Association of the HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy in the Han Ethnicity of China.
286	23671871	Differences were found between patients with DN and without DN in the frequencies of the HLA-DQA1∗0302 (6.9% versus 13.5%, P < 0.01) and HLA-DQB1∗0501 alleles (5.8% versus 14.5%, P < 0.01).
287	23671871	These data suggest the HLA-DQA1∗0301 and HLA-DQA1∗0501 alleles are markers of susceptibility for T2DM, and the HLA-DQB1∗0501 allele is associated with a protective effect on DN in Han ethnicity of China.
288	23671871	Association of the HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy in the Han Ethnicity of China.
289	23671871	Differences were found between patients with DN and without DN in the frequencies of the HLA-DQA1∗0302 (6.9% versus 13.5%, P < 0.01) and HLA-DQB1∗0501 alleles (5.8% versus 14.5%, P < 0.01).
290	23671871	These data suggest the HLA-DQA1∗0301 and HLA-DQA1∗0501 alleles are markers of susceptibility for T2DM, and the HLA-DQB1∗0501 allele is associated with a protective effect on DN in Han ethnicity of China.
291	23671871	Association of the HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 Alleles in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy in the Han Ethnicity of China.
292	23671871	Differences were found between patients with DN and without DN in the frequencies of the HLA-DQA1∗0302 (6.9% versus 13.5%, P < 0.01) and HLA-DQB1∗0501 alleles (5.8% versus 14.5%, P < 0.01).
293	23671871	These data suggest the HLA-DQA1∗0301 and HLA-DQA1∗0501 alleles are markers of susceptibility for T2DM, and the HLA-DQB1∗0501 allele is associated with a protective effect on DN in Han ethnicity of China.