- About
- Home
- Introduction
- Statistics
- Programs
- Dignet
- Gene
- GenePair
- BioSummarAI
- Help & Docs
- Documents
- Help
- FAQs
- Links
- Acknowledge
- Disclaimer
- Contact Us
Gene Information
Gene symbol: IDDM2
Gene name: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 2
HGNC ID: 5373
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 113782 | As suggested from clinical data and on the basis of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) data, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease entity in itself and is different from non-insulin-dependent diabetes and other types of diabetes mellitus in aetiology and pathogenesis. |
| 2 | 520125 | The relationship between the HLA system and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed. |
| 3 | 520115 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Denmark in the years 1970--1976 was 13.3 per 100,000 in the age group 0--29 yr. |
| 4 | 1279777 | We studied the occurrence of this methodological artifact in 266 patients with suspected or known insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 205 healthy children of various age groups. |
| 5 | 1280239 | Serum levels of recently discovered circulating forms of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1 and L-selectin, were found to be elevated in IDDM patients and in subjects at risk for developing IDDM compared with 100 normal, nondiabetic blood donors. |
| 6 | 1283153 | We studied the CD5 mRNA expression and VH gene family usage in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-immortalized B-cell lines derived from the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) of recent onset and of patients with polyneuritis cranialis multiplex (cranial neuritis; CN). |
| 7 | 1283153 | After immortalization with EBV, at least 10 cell lines from each subject were tested for surface CD5 and CD20. mRNA expression was studied using cDNA probes for the six VH families as well as for CD5. |
| 8 | 1284513 | Our knowledge of the genetics of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM), and in particular the HLA system, has gained considerable expansion thanks to the application of molecular biology. |
| 9 | 1286017 | Nicotinamide treatment in subjects at high risk of developing IDDM improves insulin secretion. |
| 10 | 1286017 | In this open pilot trial we therefore studied the effect of oral NCT administration on insulin secretion rate and islet-cell antibody (ICA) titres in IDDM high risk subjects. |
| 11 | 1286017 | Nicotinamide treatment in subjects at high risk of developing IDDM improves insulin secretion. |
| 12 | 1286017 | In this open pilot trial we therefore studied the effect of oral NCT administration on insulin secretion rate and islet-cell antibody (ICA) titres in IDDM high risk subjects. |
| 13 | 1289020 | A total of 465 patients with childhood diabetes under 18 yr of age were identified during the period between 1978 and 1988; 371 (175 boys and 196 girls) of them were classified as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the others were either non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or an unidentified type of diabetes. |
| 14 | 1289418 | Here, the effect of HAF and serum from healthy probands (HS) was compared with that from probands with gestational (GD), noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM), or insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on islet function and replication. |
| 15 | 1289418 | Most effective in stimulating islet cell replication were HAFs from IDDM pregnant women belonging to the White D-type. |
| 16 | 1289418 | Here, the effect of HAF and serum from healthy probands (HS) was compared with that from probands with gestational (GD), noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM), or insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on islet function and replication. |
| 17 | 1289418 | Most effective in stimulating islet cell replication were HAFs from IDDM pregnant women belonging to the White D-type. |
| 18 | 1295434 | Type I Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the destruction of pancreatic Beta cells. |
| 19 | 1296565 | 45 pancreatic biopsies from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), obtained in the process of surgical treatment were studied. |
| 20 | 1299070 | The 5-year results of the incidence study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children (0-14 years) and young adults (15-29 years) which began in Warsaw on 1 July 1983 are presented. |
| 21 | 1299076 | The EURODIAB Concerted Action Programme has provided valuable new information on the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) throughout Europe and has drawn attention to an unexpectedly high incidence in Sardinia. |
| 22 | 1299077 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) was reported to be considerably rarer in Kuwait than in Europe and North America, but some more recent data suggest variability in frequency within the region. |
| 23 | 1308586 | [Insulin-like growth factor I in patients with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 24 | 1308586 | Levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or somatomedin C were investigated in 12 subjects with only the onset (3-18 mos.) of IDDM. |
| 25 | 1308586 | In one month after intensified insulin infusion and three daily injections, the ratio is smoothed (IGF-1 -- 320 + 20 during CSII; 280 + 12 ng/ml during conventional insulin therapy and GH -- 10.0 + 1.2 for CSII and 15.0 + 1.7 ng/ml for CIT). |
| 26 | 1308586 | A close connection was established between the levels of IGF-1 and C-peptide concentrations in patients with IDDM onset (r = 0.70, p < 0.05), making it possible to influence beta-cell proliferation and to maintain DM remission. |
| 27 | 1308586 | [Insulin-like growth factor I in patients with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 28 | 1308586 | Levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) or somatomedin C were investigated in 12 subjects with only the onset (3-18 mos.) of IDDM. |
| 29 | 1308586 | In one month after intensified insulin infusion and three daily injections, the ratio is smoothed (IGF-1 -- 320 + 20 during CSII; 280 + 12 ng/ml during conventional insulin therapy and GH -- 10.0 + 1.2 for CSII and 15.0 + 1.7 ng/ml for CIT). |
| 30 | 1308586 | A close connection was established between the levels of IGF-1 and C-peptide concentrations in patients with IDDM onset (r = 0.70, p < 0.05), making it possible to influence beta-cell proliferation and to maintain DM remission. |
| 31 | 1312561 | IgM antibodies to Coxsackie B virus (CBV) have recently been observed in the serum of a relatively high proportion of children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 32 | 1313957 | To determine the role of insulin clearance in the dawn phenomenon, we studied 10 adolescents with IDDM in comparison to 10 healthy, matched control subjects reported previously. |
| 33 | 1316406 | Points of agreement: (1) In IDDM, hypertension occurs in patients who have already developed nephropathy, probably in the microalbuminuric phase. (2) Hypertension is an important accelerator of the development of diabetic nephropathy. (3) Hypertension, obesity and NIDDM are often associated, and insulin resistance is commonly observed in all three states. (4) Antihypertensive therapy retards the development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM and reduces proteinuria in NIDDM. (5) The choice of antihypertensive agent in the diabetic patient must be based upon the efficacy of the drug as well as avoidance of side effects including deleterious influence on glucose, insulin and lipid levels and renoprotection. (6) Carefully conducted long-term comparative trials between different classes of antihypertensive drugs in microalbuminuric IDDM and NIDDM patients are essential. |
| 34 | 1316406 | Points of major controversy: (1) Detection of IDDM patients prone to the development of diabetic nephropathy can be performed by measuring specific parameters such as erythrocyte Na(+)-Li+ countertransport activity. (2) Insulin resistance is a pathogenic mechanism rather than purely an association with hypertension and obesity. (3) A certain class of antihypertensive agents--ACE inhibitors--confers a specific renoprotective effect in diabetic nephropathy, in addition to its effects upon systemic blood pressure. (4) Reduction of blood pressure should be considered in the normotensive microalbuminuric diabetic patient. (5) Microalbuminuria is a sufficient 'surrogate endpoint' for the progression of renal failure. |
| 35 | 1316406 | Points of agreement: (1) In IDDM, hypertension occurs in patients who have already developed nephropathy, probably in the microalbuminuric phase. (2) Hypertension is an important accelerator of the development of diabetic nephropathy. (3) Hypertension, obesity and NIDDM are often associated, and insulin resistance is commonly observed in all three states. (4) Antihypertensive therapy retards the development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM and reduces proteinuria in NIDDM. (5) The choice of antihypertensive agent in the diabetic patient must be based upon the efficacy of the drug as well as avoidance of side effects including deleterious influence on glucose, insulin and lipid levels and renoprotection. (6) Carefully conducted long-term comparative trials between different classes of antihypertensive drugs in microalbuminuric IDDM and NIDDM patients are essential. |
| 36 | 1316406 | Points of major controversy: (1) Detection of IDDM patients prone to the development of diabetic nephropathy can be performed by measuring specific parameters such as erythrocyte Na(+)-Li+ countertransport activity. (2) Insulin resistance is a pathogenic mechanism rather than purely an association with hypertension and obesity. (3) A certain class of antihypertensive agents--ACE inhibitors--confers a specific renoprotective effect in diabetic nephropathy, in addition to its effects upon systemic blood pressure. (4) Reduction of blood pressure should be considered in the normotensive microalbuminuric diabetic patient. (5) Microalbuminuria is a sufficient 'surrogate endpoint' for the progression of renal failure. |
| 37 | 1317767 | We have therefore measured the acute changes that occur 120-150 min after administration of 500 mg of the antilipolytic agent acipimox in eight non-obese male patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 38 | 1320227 | The patients were grouped according to IDDM duration (2- less than 5, 5-10 and greater than 10 years) and albumin excretion rate (non-albuminuria less than 20, microalbuminuria 20-200, and albuminuria greater than 200 micrograms/min per 1.73 m2). |
| 39 | 1320227 | Grouped according to albumin excretion rate and the duration of the disease, the non-albuminuric patients with IDDM for greater than 10 years had a lower GFR than those with a shorter duration of IDDM. |
| 40 | 1320227 | The patients were grouped according to IDDM duration (2- less than 5, 5-10 and greater than 10 years) and albumin excretion rate (non-albuminuria less than 20, microalbuminuria 20-200, and albuminuria greater than 200 micrograms/min per 1.73 m2). |
| 41 | 1320227 | Grouped according to albumin excretion rate and the duration of the disease, the non-albuminuric patients with IDDM for greater than 10 years had a lower GFR than those with a shorter duration of IDDM. |
| 42 | 1330463 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and active renin plasma concentrations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 43 | 1330463 | We report here the alterations of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (S-ACE) and of active renin plasma concentrations (ARPC) in 41 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients compared with those of 26 control subjects. |
| 44 | 1330463 | These data show that S-ACE activity is elevated in IDDM patients with nephropathy-proteinuria and/or with retinopathy and the circulating renin may not represent the renal renin-angiotensin vascular system. |
| 45 | 1330463 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and active renin plasma concentrations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 46 | 1330463 | We report here the alterations of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (S-ACE) and of active renin plasma concentrations (ARPC) in 41 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients compared with those of 26 control subjects. |
| 47 | 1330463 | These data show that S-ACE activity is elevated in IDDM patients with nephropathy-proteinuria and/or with retinopathy and the circulating renin may not represent the renal renin-angiotensin vascular system. |
| 48 | 1336134 | Functional parenchymal kidney volume was determined by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) using a rotating gamma camera in phantom experiments and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 49 | 1340660 | We studied 26 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 18 patients with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) uncomplicated DM; all patients were in metabolic balance and none of them had hypertension. |
| 50 | 1340660 | In a subset of 8 IDDM and 8 NIDDM patients atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plasma concentration was determined prior to and after the infusion of 2000 ml physiological saline over 2 hr. |
| 51 | 1340660 | Resting ANP levels were not significantly different in IDDM (34.9 +/- 11.3 pg/ml), NIDDM (42.6 +/- 11.7 pg/ml) or control subjects (40.9 +/- 17.2 pg/ml) however the infusion of saline resulted in a significantly greater increase of plasma ANP in the NIDDM patients (to 82.9 +/- 43.2 pg/ml; P < 0.01) than in the controls (55.6 +/- 23.7 pg/ml; P < 0.01) which was associated with a significantly less increase in sodium excretion (UNAV) in the NIDDM patients (+86% vs. 3170%; P < 0.02) indicating down-regulation of ANP receptors in the kidney of NIDDM patients. |
| 52 | 1340660 | We studied 26 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 18 patients with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) uncomplicated DM; all patients were in metabolic balance and none of them had hypertension. |
| 53 | 1340660 | In a subset of 8 IDDM and 8 NIDDM patients atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plasma concentration was determined prior to and after the infusion of 2000 ml physiological saline over 2 hr. |
| 54 | 1340660 | Resting ANP levels were not significantly different in IDDM (34.9 +/- 11.3 pg/ml), NIDDM (42.6 +/- 11.7 pg/ml) or control subjects (40.9 +/- 17.2 pg/ml) however the infusion of saline resulted in a significantly greater increase of plasma ANP in the NIDDM patients (to 82.9 +/- 43.2 pg/ml; P < 0.01) than in the controls (55.6 +/- 23.7 pg/ml; P < 0.01) which was associated with a significantly less increase in sodium excretion (UNAV) in the NIDDM patients (+86% vs. 3170%; P < 0.02) indicating down-regulation of ANP receptors in the kidney of NIDDM patients. |
| 55 | 1340660 | We studied 26 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 18 patients with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) uncomplicated DM; all patients were in metabolic balance and none of them had hypertension. |
| 56 | 1340660 | In a subset of 8 IDDM and 8 NIDDM patients atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plasma concentration was determined prior to and after the infusion of 2000 ml physiological saline over 2 hr. |
| 57 | 1340660 | Resting ANP levels were not significantly different in IDDM (34.9 +/- 11.3 pg/ml), NIDDM (42.6 +/- 11.7 pg/ml) or control subjects (40.9 +/- 17.2 pg/ml) however the infusion of saline resulted in a significantly greater increase of plasma ANP in the NIDDM patients (to 82.9 +/- 43.2 pg/ml; P < 0.01) than in the controls (55.6 +/- 23.7 pg/ml; P < 0.01) which was associated with a significantly less increase in sodium excretion (UNAV) in the NIDDM patients (+86% vs. 3170%; P < 0.02) indicating down-regulation of ANP receptors in the kidney of NIDDM patients. |
| 58 | 1345008 | The GABA-producing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a prominent autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 59 | 1345008 | Autoantibodies against GAD were found with a high prevalence in IDDM patients and in animal models for IDDM. |
| 60 | 1345008 | In conclusion, the prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in BB/OK rat is connected with the genetic susceptibility to IDDM but is not a predictor for the onset of the disease in BB/OK rats. |
| 61 | 1345008 | The GABA-producing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a prominent autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 62 | 1345008 | Autoantibodies against GAD were found with a high prevalence in IDDM patients and in animal models for IDDM. |
| 63 | 1345008 | In conclusion, the prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in BB/OK rat is connected with the genetic susceptibility to IDDM but is not a predictor for the onset of the disease in BB/OK rats. |
| 64 | 1345008 | The GABA-producing enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) is a prominent autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 65 | 1345008 | Autoantibodies against GAD were found with a high prevalence in IDDM patients and in animal models for IDDM. |
| 66 | 1345008 | In conclusion, the prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in BB/OK rat is connected with the genetic susceptibility to IDDM but is not a predictor for the onset of the disease in BB/OK rats. |
| 67 | 1345171 | Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. |
| 68 | 1345171 | Using a mostly French data set, evidence for linkage of INS to IDDM was recently obtained but only in male meioses (suggesting involvement of maternal imprinting) and only in HLA-DR4-positive diabetics. |
| 69 | 1345171 | Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. |
| 70 | 1345171 | Using a mostly French data set, evidence for linkage of INS to IDDM was recently obtained but only in male meioses (suggesting involvement of maternal imprinting) and only in HLA-DR4-positive diabetics. |
| 71 | 1347765 | Insulin-dependent diabetic and control subjects of Japanese origin were HLA-DRB1, -DQB1, and -DQA1 typed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and sequence-specific oligonucleotide gene probing. |
| 72 | 1347765 | The frequency of DQB1 genotypes encoding the amino acid aspartic acid at position 57 of the DQ beta chain did not differ significantly between subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and controls. |
| 73 | 1348306 | Incidence of childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB ACE Study. |
| 74 | 1348306 | EURODIAB ACE is a collaborative European study that was set up to assess incidence of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Europe, test the proposal of a south-north gradient, and to gather information to determine the causes and pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 75 | 1348743 | To gain insight into the HLA subregions involved in protection against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we investigated the polymorphism of HLA-DR and -DQ genes in 23 DR2 IDDM patients. |
| 76 | 1349450 | To evaluate the effect of beta 1-blockade (metoprolol) on the plasma glucose thresholds initiating counterregulatory hormone responses and symptoms of hypoglycemia, we used a modified glucose clamp technique to produce a standardized gradual glucose decline from 5.0 to 2.0 mmol/l in nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (HbAlc range 6.7-10.3%, duration of diabetes 5-18 years, autonomous neuropathy present in three of the patients). |
| 77 | 1351186 | Prophylactic insulin treatment is effective in preventing diabetes in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the safety of such preventive treatment in prediabetic human subjects remains unclear; insulin is a potential autoantigen that could accelerate beta-cell decompensation and onset of IDDM. |
| 78 | 1351186 | We conclude that clinical trials on prevention of IDDM by prophylactic insulin treatment can be regarded as safe. |
| 79 | 1351186 | Prophylactic insulin treatment is effective in preventing diabetes in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the safety of such preventive treatment in prediabetic human subjects remains unclear; insulin is a potential autoantigen that could accelerate beta-cell decompensation and onset of IDDM. |
| 80 | 1351186 | We conclude that clinical trials on prevention of IDDM by prophylactic insulin treatment can be regarded as safe. |
| 81 | 1351854 | No independent association between HSP70 gene polymorphism and IDDM. |
| 82 | 1351854 | Moreover, genes for the major 70,000-M(r) HSP (HSP70) are located within the MHC. |
| 83 | 1351854 | To investigate a potential association of an HSP70-2 gene polymorphism with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analyzed restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) of this gene in 29 families with one or more member affected by IDDM. |
| 84 | 1351854 | With the enzyme PstI, as reported previously, two HSP70-2 alleles of 8.5- and 9.0-kb were found. |
| 85 | 1351854 | No independent association between HSP70 gene polymorphism and IDDM. |
| 86 | 1351854 | Moreover, genes for the major 70,000-M(r) HSP (HSP70) are located within the MHC. |
| 87 | 1351854 | To investigate a potential association of an HSP70-2 gene polymorphism with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analyzed restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) of this gene in 29 families with one or more member affected by IDDM. |
| 88 | 1351854 | With the enzyme PstI, as reported previously, two HSP70-2 alleles of 8.5- and 9.0-kb were found. |
| 89 | 1352685 | The polymorphism of C4A and C4B genes was investigated in Tunisian patients with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and compared to family members (sibs) and to healthy controls. |
| 90 | 1352685 | Two haplotypes were frequently associated with IDDM patients in whom the C4A and C4B were deleted genes. |
| 91 | 1352685 | The polymorphism of C4A and C4B genes was investigated in Tunisian patients with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and compared to family members (sibs) and to healthy controls. |
| 92 | 1352685 | Two haplotypes were frequently associated with IDDM patients in whom the C4A and C4B were deleted genes. |
| 93 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 94 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 95 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 96 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 97 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 98 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 99 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 100 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 101 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 102 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 103 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 104 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 105 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 106 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 107 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 108 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 109 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 110 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 111 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 112 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 113 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 114 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 115 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 116 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 117 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 118 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 119 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 120 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 121 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 122 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 123 | 1352745 | Normal C3b receptor (CR1) genomic polymorphism in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): is the low erythrocyte CR1 expression an acquired phenomenon? |
| 124 | 1352745 | Expression of the erythrocyte complement receptor (C3bR = CR1 = CD35) and its genomic polymorphism (HindIII RFLP) was studied in a group of 80 patients with IDDM, 31 healthy siblings and 101 healthy blood donors. |
| 125 | 1352745 | Defective CR1 expression was found in 26% of the patients with IDDM compared with 9% of the controls (P less than 0.05) and 0% of the siblings. |
| 126 | 1352745 | The CR1 gene polymorphism of the IDDM patients did not significantly differ from that of the controls. |
| 127 | 1352745 | No significant association was found between the presence or absence of the HLA risk antigens for IDDM and CR1 expression. |
| 128 | 1352745 | The results confirm that erythrocyte CR1 expression is genetically determined, but the CR1 deficiency associated with IDDM seems to be an acquired rather than a genetic phenomenon. |
| 129 | 1353022 | A TaqI polymorphism in the human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) gene correlates with IL-1 beta secretion in vitro. |
| 130 | 1353022 | In the present study we searched for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) in the human interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) gene and for correlations to monocyte (Mo) function in non-related healthy donors and insulin-dependent diabetic patients. |
| 131 | 1353022 | No differences in allele or genotype frequencies of this RFLP were observed between randomly selected controls and randomly selected patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 132 | 1353534 | Population studies have suggested an increased frequency of small DNA insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in insulin dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 133 | 1353534 | These results show that ascertainment through an offspring with IDDM selects for families with high frequencies of homozygosity for the class I allele and thus suggests that the insulin gene polymorphism is indeed providing part of the genetic predisposition to IDDM. |
| 134 | 1353534 | Population studies have suggested an increased frequency of small DNA insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in insulin dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 135 | 1353534 | These results show that ascertainment through an offspring with IDDM selects for families with high frequencies of homozygosity for the class I allele and thus suggests that the insulin gene polymorphism is indeed providing part of the genetic predisposition to IDDM. |
| 136 | 1355306 | In this study we report, for the first time, the molecular analysis of HLA-DR and DQ gene frequencies in a large cohort of well-characterized type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 72), and ethnically matched controls (n = 59) collected in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| 137 | 1358911 | DNA sequence analysis of class II HLA from Caucasian and black patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus has suggested that aspartic acid at position 57 (Asp 57) of the DQ beta chain provides protection against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 138 | 1360342 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 139 | 1360342 | Freshly isolated pancreatic beta cells from ob/ob mice did not express ICAM-1, but treatment of the cells with IL-1-beta, TNF-alpha, or INF-gamma strongly induced its expression as measured by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. |
| 140 | 1360342 | Immunoprecipitation from IL-1-beta-treated beta cells demonstrated a cell-surface glycoprotein with an apparent molecular weight of 95 kDa. |
| 141 | 1361076 | The genes located between class II and class I HLA genes including polymorphic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 142 | 1361076 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the TNF-beta gene have been found to be fixed in the major IDDM susceptibility haplotypes, the B62,DR4 haplotype being associated with the 10.5-kb fragment and the B8,DR3 haplotype with a 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 143 | 1361076 | Among IDDM haplotypes the B62,DR4 haplotype was characterized by the 10.5-kb TNF fragment, whereas two other common Finnish IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes--A24,B39,DR4 and A2,B56,DR4--had the 5.5-kb TNF fragment. |
| 144 | 1361076 | Both IDDM-associated and non-associated DR3 positive haplotypes were linked to the 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 145 | 1361076 | The distribution of various combinations of TNF alleles in IDDM probands (n = 63) did not differ from that expected according to the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. |
| 146 | 1361076 | Our results indicate that the 10.5-kb allele of TNF-beta gene as such is not a risk factor contributing to DR4/DQ8-associated susceptibility. |
| 147 | 1361076 | The genes located between class II and class I HLA genes including polymorphic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 148 | 1361076 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the TNF-beta gene have been found to be fixed in the major IDDM susceptibility haplotypes, the B62,DR4 haplotype being associated with the 10.5-kb fragment and the B8,DR3 haplotype with a 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 149 | 1361076 | Among IDDM haplotypes the B62,DR4 haplotype was characterized by the 10.5-kb TNF fragment, whereas two other common Finnish IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes--A24,B39,DR4 and A2,B56,DR4--had the 5.5-kb TNF fragment. |
| 150 | 1361076 | Both IDDM-associated and non-associated DR3 positive haplotypes were linked to the 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 151 | 1361076 | The distribution of various combinations of TNF alleles in IDDM probands (n = 63) did not differ from that expected according to the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. |
| 152 | 1361076 | Our results indicate that the 10.5-kb allele of TNF-beta gene as such is not a risk factor contributing to DR4/DQ8-associated susceptibility. |
| 153 | 1361076 | The genes located between class II and class I HLA genes including polymorphic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 154 | 1361076 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the TNF-beta gene have been found to be fixed in the major IDDM susceptibility haplotypes, the B62,DR4 haplotype being associated with the 10.5-kb fragment and the B8,DR3 haplotype with a 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 155 | 1361076 | Among IDDM haplotypes the B62,DR4 haplotype was characterized by the 10.5-kb TNF fragment, whereas two other common Finnish IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes--A24,B39,DR4 and A2,B56,DR4--had the 5.5-kb TNF fragment. |
| 156 | 1361076 | Both IDDM-associated and non-associated DR3 positive haplotypes were linked to the 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 157 | 1361076 | The distribution of various combinations of TNF alleles in IDDM probands (n = 63) did not differ from that expected according to the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. |
| 158 | 1361076 | Our results indicate that the 10.5-kb allele of TNF-beta gene as such is not a risk factor contributing to DR4/DQ8-associated susceptibility. |
| 159 | 1361076 | The genes located between class II and class I HLA genes including polymorphic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 160 | 1361076 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the TNF-beta gene have been found to be fixed in the major IDDM susceptibility haplotypes, the B62,DR4 haplotype being associated with the 10.5-kb fragment and the B8,DR3 haplotype with a 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 161 | 1361076 | Among IDDM haplotypes the B62,DR4 haplotype was characterized by the 10.5-kb TNF fragment, whereas two other common Finnish IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes--A24,B39,DR4 and A2,B56,DR4--had the 5.5-kb TNF fragment. |
| 162 | 1361076 | Both IDDM-associated and non-associated DR3 positive haplotypes were linked to the 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 163 | 1361076 | The distribution of various combinations of TNF alleles in IDDM probands (n = 63) did not differ from that expected according to the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. |
| 164 | 1361076 | Our results indicate that the 10.5-kb allele of TNF-beta gene as such is not a risk factor contributing to DR4/DQ8-associated susceptibility. |
| 165 | 1361076 | The genes located between class II and class I HLA genes including polymorphic tumour necrosis factor (TNF) genes may contribute to the disease susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 166 | 1361076 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the TNF-beta gene have been found to be fixed in the major IDDM susceptibility haplotypes, the B62,DR4 haplotype being associated with the 10.5-kb fragment and the B8,DR3 haplotype with a 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 167 | 1361076 | Among IDDM haplotypes the B62,DR4 haplotype was characterized by the 10.5-kb TNF fragment, whereas two other common Finnish IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes--A24,B39,DR4 and A2,B56,DR4--had the 5.5-kb TNF fragment. |
| 168 | 1361076 | Both IDDM-associated and non-associated DR3 positive haplotypes were linked to the 5.5-kb fragment. |
| 169 | 1361076 | The distribution of various combinations of TNF alleles in IDDM probands (n = 63) did not differ from that expected according to the Hardy-Weinberg distribution. |
| 170 | 1361076 | Our results indicate that the 10.5-kb allele of TNF-beta gene as such is not a risk factor contributing to DR4/DQ8-associated susceptibility. |
| 171 | 1362671 | To compare the metabolic control and acceptability of a pen injector to the traditional syringe used in diabetes, 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were followed-up at the outpatient clinic of the Taipei Municipal Yang-Ming Hospital. |
| 172 | 1364226 | Among the 23 DR 3/4 positive diabetics, 19 (82.6%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), three (13.0%) had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and one (4.3%) had maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). |
| 173 | 1364494 | Calcitonin concentration (CT) was measured in 52 children with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 174 | 1370298 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 175 | 1370298 | Years before IDDM symptoms appear, we can detect autoantibodies to one or both forms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67), synthesized from their respective cDNAs in a bacterial expression system. |
| 176 | 1370298 | Although the level of GAD autoantibodies generally decline after IDDM onset, patients with IDDM-associated neuropathies have high levels of antibodies to GAD, years after the appearance of clinical IDDM. |
| 177 | 1370298 | We note a striking sequence similarity between the two GADs and Coxsackievirus, a virus that has been associated with IDDM both in humans and in experimental animals. |
| 178 | 1370298 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 179 | 1370298 | Years before IDDM symptoms appear, we can detect autoantibodies to one or both forms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67), synthesized from their respective cDNAs in a bacterial expression system. |
| 180 | 1370298 | Although the level of GAD autoantibodies generally decline after IDDM onset, patients with IDDM-associated neuropathies have high levels of antibodies to GAD, years after the appearance of clinical IDDM. |
| 181 | 1370298 | We note a striking sequence similarity between the two GADs and Coxsackievirus, a virus that has been associated with IDDM both in humans and in experimental animals. |
| 182 | 1370298 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 183 | 1370298 | Years before IDDM symptoms appear, we can detect autoantibodies to one or both forms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67), synthesized from their respective cDNAs in a bacterial expression system. |
| 184 | 1370298 | Although the level of GAD autoantibodies generally decline after IDDM onset, patients with IDDM-associated neuropathies have high levels of antibodies to GAD, years after the appearance of clinical IDDM. |
| 185 | 1370298 | We note a striking sequence similarity between the two GADs and Coxsackievirus, a virus that has been associated with IDDM both in humans and in experimental animals. |
| 186 | 1370298 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 187 | 1370298 | Years before IDDM symptoms appear, we can detect autoantibodies to one or both forms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67), synthesized from their respective cDNAs in a bacterial expression system. |
| 188 | 1370298 | Although the level of GAD autoantibodies generally decline after IDDM onset, patients with IDDM-associated neuropathies have high levels of antibodies to GAD, years after the appearance of clinical IDDM. |
| 189 | 1370298 | We note a striking sequence similarity between the two GADs and Coxsackievirus, a virus that has been associated with IDDM both in humans and in experimental animals. |
| 190 | 1375072 | We investigated whether zincuria is associated with microalbuminuria in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetics (IDDM). |
| 191 | 1375071 | Zinc status was assessed in 53 diabetic patients: 18 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM), 22 noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) treated with oral antidiabetic agents, and 13 insulin-treated, noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients (IRDM). |
| 192 | 1382289 | The autoimmune phenomena associated with destruction of the beta cell in pancreatic islets and development of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include circulating islet cell antibodies. |
| 193 | 1382289 | MICA 1-6 therefore reveal glutamate decarboxylase as the predominant target antigen of cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies in a patient with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 194 | 1382289 | The autoimmune phenomena associated with destruction of the beta cell in pancreatic islets and development of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include circulating islet cell antibodies. |
| 195 | 1382289 | MICA 1-6 therefore reveal glutamate decarboxylase as the predominant target antigen of cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies in a patient with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 196 | 1385478 | Current knowledge of the phenotype of mononuclear cells accumulating in pancreatic islets in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and factors determining their homing into the pancreas is limited. |
| 197 | 1385478 | The vascular endothelium of the islets and many small vessels nearby islets strongly expressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1, whereas vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin were totally absent. |
| 198 | 1385478 | We conclude: (a) that increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on vascular endothelium may increase endothelial adhesion of mononuclear cells and enhance their accumulation in the pancreas during diabetic insulitis; (b) that T cells with certain T cell receptors can be enriched in infiltrated pancreatic islets; and (c) that macrophages and antigen-specific CD 8-positive T cells are involved in pancreatic beta cell destruction at the onset of IDDM. |
| 199 | 1385478 | Current knowledge of the phenotype of mononuclear cells accumulating in pancreatic islets in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and factors determining their homing into the pancreas is limited. |
| 200 | 1385478 | The vascular endothelium of the islets and many small vessels nearby islets strongly expressed intercellular adhesion molecule-1, whereas vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin were totally absent. |
| 201 | 1385478 | We conclude: (a) that increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on vascular endothelium may increase endothelial adhesion of mononuclear cells and enhance their accumulation in the pancreas during diabetic insulitis; (b) that T cells with certain T cell receptors can be enriched in infiltrated pancreatic islets; and (c) that macrophages and antigen-specific CD 8-positive T cells are involved in pancreatic beta cell destruction at the onset of IDDM. |
| 202 | 1386312 | Type 1, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appears to result from a T cell-dependent destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 203 | 1386312 | By polymerase chain reaction (PCR), I.S. 2.15 T cells contain mRNA species encoding for the potentially immunosuppressive cytokines, interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). |
| 204 | 1387153 | In this study, V beta usage by human peripheral T cells derived from serial samples of the same individual, identical twins, and the members of three nuclear families that include four members with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was assessed by both quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Northern blotting with V beta subfamily-specific probes. |
| 205 | 1387654 | Genotype and allele frequencies were compared to four different control groups: unaffected siblings and parents of the MS patients, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy unrelated Caucasians. |
| 206 | 1395129 | The Bio-Breeding (BB) rat develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and provides a useful animal model to study this human autoimmune disease. |
| 207 | 1395129 | Treatment of BB rats with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been reported to prevent the development of IDDM. |
| 208 | 1395129 | TNF production in short-term cultures of peritoneal macrophages from DP rats was significantly less than that from control DR rats, both in the basal state and after stimulation with either interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo and in vitro. |
| 209 | 1395129 | In contrast, TNF production by macrophages from CFA-injected DP rats (basal and IFN-gamma or LPS-stimulated) was equal to or greater than that by macrophages from DP rats and similar to TNF production by macrophages from CFA-injected DR rats. |
| 210 | 1395129 | The Bio-Breeding (BB) rat develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and provides a useful animal model to study this human autoimmune disease. |
| 211 | 1395129 | Treatment of BB rats with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been reported to prevent the development of IDDM. |
| 212 | 1395129 | TNF production in short-term cultures of peritoneal macrophages from DP rats was significantly less than that from control DR rats, both in the basal state and after stimulation with either interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vivo and in vitro. |
| 213 | 1395129 | In contrast, TNF production by macrophages from CFA-injected DP rats (basal and IFN-gamma or LPS-stimulated) was equal to or greater than that by macrophages from DP rats and similar to TNF production by macrophages from CFA-injected DR rats. |
| 214 | 1397702 | In this study, the relationship between the severity of diabetic complications and pentosidine formation was investigated in collagen from skin-punch biopsies from 25 nondiabetic control subjects and 41 IDDM patients with diabetes duration greater than 17 yr. |
| 215 | 1397702 | Pentosidine also was significantly elevated in the serum of IDDM patients compared with control subjects (P less than 0.0001), but levels were not significantly correlated with age, diabetes duration, complication, or skin collagen pentosidine (P greater than 0.05). |
| 216 | 1397702 | In this study, the relationship between the severity of diabetic complications and pentosidine formation was investigated in collagen from skin-punch biopsies from 25 nondiabetic control subjects and 41 IDDM patients with diabetes duration greater than 17 yr. |
| 217 | 1397702 | Pentosidine also was significantly elevated in the serum of IDDM patients compared with control subjects (P less than 0.0001), but levels were not significantly correlated with age, diabetes duration, complication, or skin collagen pentosidine (P greater than 0.05). |
| 218 | 1400874 | Defective glucose counterregulation commonly seen in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is mediated in part by a failure of compensatory stimulation of hepatic glucose production. |
| 219 | 1400874 | IDDM patients received insulin overnight to maintain euglycemia before study. |
| 220 | 1400874 | Although insulin levels rose to a similar extent as those in normal control subjects (n = 6), the fall in plasma glucose was markedly greater in IDDM (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.64 +/- 0.2 mM in controls; P < 0.01). |
| 221 | 1400874 | Defective glucose counterregulation commonly seen in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is mediated in part by a failure of compensatory stimulation of hepatic glucose production. |
| 222 | 1400874 | IDDM patients received insulin overnight to maintain euglycemia before study. |
| 223 | 1400874 | Although insulin levels rose to a similar extent as those in normal control subjects (n = 6), the fall in plasma glucose was markedly greater in IDDM (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.64 +/- 0.2 mM in controls; P < 0.01). |
| 224 | 1400874 | Defective glucose counterregulation commonly seen in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is mediated in part by a failure of compensatory stimulation of hepatic glucose production. |
| 225 | 1400874 | IDDM patients received insulin overnight to maintain euglycemia before study. |
| 226 | 1400874 | Although insulin levels rose to a similar extent as those in normal control subjects (n = 6), the fall in plasma glucose was markedly greater in IDDM (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 3.64 +/- 0.2 mM in controls; P < 0.01). |
| 227 | 1401944 | Insulin autoantibodies (IAA), a marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been reported in other diseases such as thyroid disease and after treatment with sulfhydryl containing medications. |
| 228 | 1401944 | We conclude: (1) subjects with thyroid disease and first degree relatives of IDDM patients frequently have high non-specific binding for IAA in an RIA not employing a cold displacement step, (2) in some newly diagnosed IDDM patients and first degree relatives of IDDM patients, IAA may be missed by an assay not optimized to measure specific binding, and (3) displacement with cold insulin increases both the specificity and sensitivity of RIAs measuring insulin autoantibodies. |
| 229 | 1401944 | Insulin autoantibodies (IAA), a marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been reported in other diseases such as thyroid disease and after treatment with sulfhydryl containing medications. |
| 230 | 1401944 | We conclude: (1) subjects with thyroid disease and first degree relatives of IDDM patients frequently have high non-specific binding for IAA in an RIA not employing a cold displacement step, (2) in some newly diagnosed IDDM patients and first degree relatives of IDDM patients, IAA may be missed by an assay not optimized to measure specific binding, and (3) displacement with cold insulin increases both the specificity and sensitivity of RIAs measuring insulin autoantibodies. |
| 231 | 1402445 | The epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): report from Thailand. |
| 232 | 1408719 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease with unknown aetiology and therefore without effective measures for its prevention. |
| 233 | 1408726 | Diabetic ketoacidosis remains a significant cause of death in cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 234 | 1408728 | The marked improvement during recent years in prognosis for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), has also had actuarial consequences. |
| 235 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 236 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 237 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 238 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 239 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 240 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 241 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 242 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 243 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 244 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 245 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 246 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 247 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 248 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 249 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 250 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 251 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 252 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 253 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 254 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 255 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 256 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 257 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 258 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 259 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 260 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 261 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 262 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 263 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 264 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 265 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 266 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 267 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 268 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 269 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 270 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 271 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 272 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 273 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 274 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 275 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 276 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 277 | 1409709 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with serum antibodies that precipitate a 64-kDa pancreatic islet cell protein reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; glutamate decarboxylase, EC 4.1.1.15). |
| 278 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 279 | 1409709 | In addition, sera of 5/26 (19%) preclinical and 2/13 (15%) recent-onset IDDM subjects contained antibodies that precipitated GAD but inhibited its activity. |
| 280 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 281 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 282 | 1409709 | We conclude that (i) GAD is an (auto)antigen in a majority of subjects operationally defined as having preclinical IDDM, (ii) pancreatic islet and brain GAD are likely to be cross-reactive, and (iii) the majority of GAD antibodies are directed away from the catalytic site of the brain enzyme. |
| 283 | 1409709 | The lower frequency of GAD antibodies in recent-onset IDDM subjects indicates either that immunoreactivity is lost with near-total beta-cell destruction or that GAD antibodies denote a low risk of progression to clinical disease. |
| 284 | 1411733 | The effect of race on differences in metabolic control was examined in patients with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 285 | 1412411 | The HLA DQB1*0502 allele is neutrally associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Sardinian population. |
| 286 | 1412411 | In the Sardinian population a very high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the lack of HLA-DR2 protective effect due to the high frequency of the A2, Cw7, B17, 3F31, DR2, DQw1 extended haplotype has been reported. |
| 287 | 1412418 | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 288 | 1418828 | Hypertension is frequently seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the mechanism of the hypertension is unknown. |
| 289 | 1421778 | Enteral nutrition (EN, 750-2200 kcal/day) was given to 40 NIDDM patients (group A) and 6 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients (group B), and parenteral nutrition (PN, 1600-2400 kcal/day) was given to 18 NIDDM patients (group C) and 4 IDDM patients (group D). |
| 290 | 1425153 | These findings underscore the importance of targeting intervention to IDDM individuals who have a high WHR to reduce known risk factors for IDDM complications especially those for cardiovascular disease, and is consistent with the hypothesis that insulin resistance may have a role to play in IDDM complications. |
| 291 | 1428492 | Risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before 35 years of age: indications of climatological determinants for age at onset. |
| 292 | 1428492 | The risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) per 100,000 individuals before 15 years was 386 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 362-410) for boys and 391 (95% CI: 367-415) for girls and by 35 years 701 (95% CI: 671-731) for men and 562 (95% CI: 534-690) for women. |
| 293 | 1428492 | Risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before 35 years of age: indications of climatological determinants for age at onset. |
| 294 | 1428492 | The risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) per 100,000 individuals before 15 years was 386 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 362-410) for boys and 391 (95% CI: 367-415) for girls and by 35 years 701 (95% CI: 671-731) for men and 562 (95% CI: 534-690) for women. |
| 295 | 1429035 | Relative contribution of HLA-DQA and -DQB alleles to predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 296 | 1429035 | The results were grouped into three entities: a combination of alleles conferring susceptibility, a group conferring protection, and a group without any apparent HLA-DQ or -DR predisposition to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 297 | 1429414 | School-age children were assessed longitudinally for up to 9 years, after the onset of their insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), to determine the time-dependent risk of the psychiatric diagnosis of noncompliance with medical treatment and to examine protective and risk factors. |
| 298 | 1430089 | We have compared the action of human proinsulin and insulin on glucose turnover, intermediary carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism in insulin-dependent-diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 299 | 1430089 | We conclude that in IDDM: 1) proinsulin has a preferential effect on the liver compared to muscle, in terms of glucose handling; 2) proinsulin may have a different effect on lactate metabolism compared to insulin; 3) proinsulin at the lowest dose resulted in an inability to suppress lipolysis and ketogenesis; 4) glucose turnover can be underestimated using [6'6'2H2]glucose. |
| 300 | 1430089 | We have compared the action of human proinsulin and insulin on glucose turnover, intermediary carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism in insulin-dependent-diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 301 | 1430089 | We conclude that in IDDM: 1) proinsulin has a preferential effect on the liver compared to muscle, in terms of glucose handling; 2) proinsulin may have a different effect on lactate metabolism compared to insulin; 3) proinsulin at the lowest dose resulted in an inability to suppress lipolysis and ketogenesis; 4) glucose turnover can be underestimated using [6'6'2H2]glucose. |
| 302 | 1430290 | A cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the periodontal status of 85 12-18 year-old French adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 38 healthy controls in the same age group. |
| 303 | 1432481 | Participants included 95 youths with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their parents. |
| 304 | 1439913 | Both insulin dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients exhibit similar complications so that the cost of treatment may be comparable, but further studies are needed to establish this. |
| 305 | 1442031 | The following is a case of a family with a pair of identical twins and a family history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 306 | 1442031 | His father has been treated with insulin since the diagnosis of IDDM at the age of 17. |
| 307 | 1442031 | The following is a case of a family with a pair of identical twins and a family history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 308 | 1442031 | His father has been treated with insulin since the diagnosis of IDDM at the age of 17. |
| 309 | 1442030 | This patient is the first case in Japan of Marfan syndrome associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, although the relation between Marfan syndrome and IDDM remains unclear. |
| 310 | 1442714 | The risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with genetic susceptibility markers at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and DQB1 loci was evaluated among individuals with and those without islet cell antibodies. |
| 311 | 1445019 | Lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] levels were assessed in 37 patients with insulin dependent (IDDM) and in 75 patients with non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetes who showed varying degrees of proteinuria and glycaemic control. |
| 312 | 1446578 | The association of disease duration with deterioration of cardiovascular autonomic reflexes was studied in two groups of young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 313 | 1453877 | Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as mediators of pancreatic islet beta cell damage in autoimmune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 314 | 1457752 | The goal of this review was to assess the magnitude of coronary artery disease (CAD) mortality and its determinants in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with persistent proteinuria. |
| 315 | 1457760 | Although many studies report an elevated Vmax of red blood cell Na/Li countertransport (CTT) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by renal disease, divergent reports exist. |
| 316 | 1459292 | The difference in the acute metabolic change in ketone bodies between patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was investigated in this study. |
| 317 | 1459292 | The subjects employed were 7 patients with IDDM losing residual insulin secretion and 7 patients with NIDDM matched to the former patients for age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dosage, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c. |
| 318 | 1459292 | The difference in the acute metabolic change in ketone bodies between patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was investigated in this study. |
| 319 | 1459292 | The subjects employed were 7 patients with IDDM losing residual insulin secretion and 7 patients with NIDDM matched to the former patients for age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dosage, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c. |
| 320 | 1459312 | Major determinants of susceptibility to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM) have been mapped to the HLA complex, near to or identical with genes encoding class II molecules. |
| 321 | 1461146 | We studied the natural course of disease in spontaneously diabetic rats, Long Evans Tokushima Lean (LETL) rats, to determine whether it showed similar pathogenetic heterogeneity to that of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with regard to the relationships between age at onset, rapidity of disease progress, and degree of beta-cell function at the time of its manifestation. |
| 322 | 1462980 | Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that affects 30% to 40% of IDDM patients with a predictable time of onset. |
| 323 | 1462980 | Hopefully, assessing glomerular hyperfiltration, urinary albumin excretion rate (AER), glycemic control, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and perhaps early morphologic changes will allow early identification of this high-risk group of IDDM patients before overt nephropathy is present. |
| 324 | 1462980 | Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that affects 30% to 40% of IDDM patients with a predictable time of onset. |
| 325 | 1462980 | Hopefully, assessing glomerular hyperfiltration, urinary albumin excretion rate (AER), glycemic control, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and perhaps early morphologic changes will allow early identification of this high-risk group of IDDM patients before overt nephropathy is present. |
| 326 | 1465562 | Eighty-five 12-18-yr-old adolescents suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their healthy age- and sex-matched controls were investigated with respect to dental caries, salivary flow rate, pH and buffering capacity of saliva, counts for lactobacilli and mutans streptococci, and salivary glucose content. |
| 327 | 1468302 | This manuscript reviews both the acute effects of muscular contractions and the effects of physical training on insulin sensitivity in NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) human subjects. |
| 328 | 1468308 | The objective of this study was to assess the habitual physical activity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients on intensive insulin therapy. |
| 329 | 1468308 | This case-control study consisted of 34 IDDM patients (14 on multiple injection therapy, 20 on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII], and control subjects matched for sex, age, weight, height, body mass index, smoking behavior, and occupational status). |
| 330 | 1468308 | The objective of this study was to assess the habitual physical activity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients on intensive insulin therapy. |
| 331 | 1468308 | This case-control study consisted of 34 IDDM patients (14 on multiple injection therapy, 20 on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII], and control subjects matched for sex, age, weight, height, body mass index, smoking behavior, and occupational status). |
| 332 | 1469084 | The association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with certain HLA alleles is well documented in pediatric patients. |
| 333 | 1469084 | These non-DR3/non-DR4 patients, although presenting clinically as IDDM type 1 patients, showed a lower frequency of islet cell antibodies at diagnosis and a significantly milder initial insulin deficiency. |
| 334 | 1469084 | The association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with certain HLA alleles is well documented in pediatric patients. |
| 335 | 1469084 | These non-DR3/non-DR4 patients, although presenting clinically as IDDM type 1 patients, showed a lower frequency of islet cell antibodies at diagnosis and a significantly milder initial insulin deficiency. |
| 336 | 1470168 | The original diseases of 7 patients were insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with chronic renal failure, retinopathy and neuropathy. |
| 337 | 1472630 | Autoantibodies against the beta-cell M(r) 64,000 protein (p64), recently identified as an isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), are prevalent in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 338 | 1477090 | The HLA-DRB1*0405 haplotype is most strongly associated with IDDM in Algerians. |
| 339 | 1477090 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasians is strongly associated with HLA-DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8. |
| 340 | 1477090 | In order to investigate the HLA class II associations with IDDM in Algerians, we have used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO) to identify DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1 alleles, haplotypes and genotypes in 50 unrelated IDDM patients and 46 controls from a homogeneous population in Western Algeria. |
| 341 | 1477090 | The HLA-DRB1*0405 haplotype is most strongly associated with IDDM in Algerians. |
| 342 | 1477090 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasians is strongly associated with HLA-DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8. |
| 343 | 1477090 | In order to investigate the HLA class II associations with IDDM in Algerians, we have used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO) to identify DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1 alleles, haplotypes and genotypes in 50 unrelated IDDM patients and 46 controls from a homogeneous population in Western Algeria. |
| 344 | 1477090 | The HLA-DRB1*0405 haplotype is most strongly associated with IDDM in Algerians. |
| 345 | 1477090 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasians is strongly associated with HLA-DR3-DQ2 and DR4-DQ8. |
| 346 | 1477090 | In order to investigate the HLA class II associations with IDDM in Algerians, we have used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO) to identify DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1 alleles, haplotypes and genotypes in 50 unrelated IDDM patients and 46 controls from a homogeneous population in Western Algeria. |
| 347 | 1478150 | Insulin antibodies (IAA) can be detected in the serum of the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients prior to insulin therapy. |
| 348 | 1478158 | The residual B-cell function was examined by means of the plasma C-peptide response 6 min after a combined injection of glucagon and glucose (GG test) or conventional glucagon test (G test) in four insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM group), in 18 diabetic patients treated with insulin (Insulin group), 31 treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (SU group) and 27 treated with diet only (Diet group) and in 22 borderline cases. |
| 349 | 1478158 | By GG test, 6-min C-peptide values of the IDDM group were 0.27 +/- 0.05 nM (n = 4) and were significantly lower than those of the Insulin group (0.89 +/- 0.09 nM, n = 12), the SU group (1.42 +/- 0.10 nM, n = 13), the Diet group (2.47 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11) and the borderline cases (3.38 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11). |
| 350 | 1478158 | In the G test, plasma C-peptide concentrations at 6 min were 0.35 +/- 0.08 nM in the IDDM group (n = 2), 0.72 +/- 0.20 nM in the Insulin group (n = 7), 1.08 +/- 0.09 nM in the SU group (n = 20), 1.40 +/- 0.19 nM in the Diet group (n = 17) and 2.05 +/- 0.21 nM in the borderline cases (n = 12). |
| 351 | 1478158 | The residual B-cell function was examined by means of the plasma C-peptide response 6 min after a combined injection of glucagon and glucose (GG test) or conventional glucagon test (G test) in four insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM group), in 18 diabetic patients treated with insulin (Insulin group), 31 treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (SU group) and 27 treated with diet only (Diet group) and in 22 borderline cases. |
| 352 | 1478158 | By GG test, 6-min C-peptide values of the IDDM group were 0.27 +/- 0.05 nM (n = 4) and were significantly lower than those of the Insulin group (0.89 +/- 0.09 nM, n = 12), the SU group (1.42 +/- 0.10 nM, n = 13), the Diet group (2.47 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11) and the borderline cases (3.38 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11). |
| 353 | 1478158 | In the G test, plasma C-peptide concentrations at 6 min were 0.35 +/- 0.08 nM in the IDDM group (n = 2), 0.72 +/- 0.20 nM in the Insulin group (n = 7), 1.08 +/- 0.09 nM in the SU group (n = 20), 1.40 +/- 0.19 nM in the Diet group (n = 17) and 2.05 +/- 0.21 nM in the borderline cases (n = 12). |
| 354 | 1478158 | The residual B-cell function was examined by means of the plasma C-peptide response 6 min after a combined injection of glucagon and glucose (GG test) or conventional glucagon test (G test) in four insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM group), in 18 diabetic patients treated with insulin (Insulin group), 31 treated with oral hypoglycemic agents (SU group) and 27 treated with diet only (Diet group) and in 22 borderline cases. |
| 355 | 1478158 | By GG test, 6-min C-peptide values of the IDDM group were 0.27 +/- 0.05 nM (n = 4) and were significantly lower than those of the Insulin group (0.89 +/- 0.09 nM, n = 12), the SU group (1.42 +/- 0.10 nM, n = 13), the Diet group (2.47 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11) and the borderline cases (3.38 +/- 0.22 nM, n = 11). |
| 356 | 1478158 | In the G test, plasma C-peptide concentrations at 6 min were 0.35 +/- 0.08 nM in the IDDM group (n = 2), 0.72 +/- 0.20 nM in the Insulin group (n = 7), 1.08 +/- 0.09 nM in the SU group (n = 20), 1.40 +/- 0.19 nM in the Diet group (n = 17) and 2.05 +/- 0.21 nM in the borderline cases (n = 12). |
| 357 | 1478247 | The binding characteristics of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) were compared with those of antibodies to exogenous insulin (IBA) by analyzing the specific binding, binding capacity and affinity for insulin in 11 children (age range 1.5-13.0 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) both at diagnosis and after 1 year of insulin treatment. |
| 358 | 1478247 | The present observations suggest that IAA developing before the diagnosis of IDDM are characterized by a reduced binding capacity as compared with antibodies to exogenous insulin, whereas they have a similar affinity for insulin. |
| 359 | 1478247 | The binding characteristics of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) were compared with those of antibodies to exogenous insulin (IBA) by analyzing the specific binding, binding capacity and affinity for insulin in 11 children (age range 1.5-13.0 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) both at diagnosis and after 1 year of insulin treatment. |
| 360 | 1478247 | The present observations suggest that IAA developing before the diagnosis of IDDM are characterized by a reduced binding capacity as compared with antibodies to exogenous insulin, whereas they have a similar affinity for insulin. |
| 361 | 1485949 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or type I diabetes, is the end result mainly of a T-cell mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 362 | 1485949 | The DQ molecules involved in IDDM susceptibility or protection may exert their function either during thymic development of potential self-reactive CD4+ T cells, or by preferential presentation of certain beta-cell derived peptides to CD4+ T cells, or both. |
| 363 | 1485949 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or type I diabetes, is the end result mainly of a T-cell mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 364 | 1485949 | The DQ molecules involved in IDDM susceptibility or protection may exert their function either during thymic development of potential self-reactive CD4+ T cells, or by preferential presentation of certain beta-cell derived peptides to CD4+ T cells, or both. |
| 365 | 1485950 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) correlates with the absence of aspartic acid in position 57 of the DQB1 and/or the presence of arginine in position 52 of the DQA1. |
| 366 | 1485950 | Two-thirds of these combinations were explained by DR3,DR4 heterozygotes. |
| 367 | 1485950 | These findings, together with the fact that the lowest frequency of DR3,DR4 heterozygosity (21%) was seen in Finland, show that heterozygosity for DQ and DR cannot explain the differences seen in IDDM incidence. |
| 368 | 1485950 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) correlates with the absence of aspartic acid in position 57 of the DQB1 and/or the presence of arginine in position 52 of the DQA1. |
| 369 | 1485950 | Two-thirds of these combinations were explained by DR3,DR4 heterozygotes. |
| 370 | 1485950 | These findings, together with the fact that the lowest frequency of DR3,DR4 heterozygosity (21%) was seen in Finland, show that heterozygosity for DQ and DR cannot explain the differences seen in IDDM incidence. |
| 371 | 1488624 | Blood glycated haemoglobin (HbAlc), serum fructosamine (FA), serum glycated albumin (GA), and serum glycated total protein (GTP) were determined in 61 subjects (19 pregnant women with gestational diabetes, 24 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM] and 18 nonpregnant subjects with IDDM). |
| 372 | 1489487 | A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 373 | 1489487 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with circulating antibodies to a pancreatic islet protein of MW 64,000 (64 kDa), reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 374 | 1489487 | To investigate the antigenic properties of the 64 kDa antigen/GAD in IDDM we employed fetal pig pro-islets, a convenient source of islet antigens and an alternative to adult human islets for transplantation. |
| 375 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 376 | 1489487 | In summary, a 64 kDa protein with the properties of GAD is present in fetal pig pro-islets and is recognized by both antibodies and T cells in a significant proportion of subjects at risk for early IDDM. |
| 377 | 1489487 | Prospective studies of T cell reactivity in at-risk IDDM subjects are required to delineate the role of GAD and other candidate autoantigens in the initiation and progression of beta cell destruction. |
| 378 | 1489487 | A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 379 | 1489487 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with circulating antibodies to a pancreatic islet protein of MW 64,000 (64 kDa), reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 380 | 1489487 | To investigate the antigenic properties of the 64 kDa antigen/GAD in IDDM we employed fetal pig pro-islets, a convenient source of islet antigens and an alternative to adult human islets for transplantation. |
| 381 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 382 | 1489487 | In summary, a 64 kDa protein with the properties of GAD is present in fetal pig pro-islets and is recognized by both antibodies and T cells in a significant proportion of subjects at risk for early IDDM. |
| 383 | 1489487 | Prospective studies of T cell reactivity in at-risk IDDM subjects are required to delineate the role of GAD and other candidate autoantigens in the initiation and progression of beta cell destruction. |
| 384 | 1489487 | A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 385 | 1489487 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with circulating antibodies to a pancreatic islet protein of MW 64,000 (64 kDa), reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 386 | 1489487 | To investigate the antigenic properties of the 64 kDa antigen/GAD in IDDM we employed fetal pig pro-islets, a convenient source of islet antigens and an alternative to adult human islets for transplantation. |
| 387 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 388 | 1489487 | In summary, a 64 kDa protein with the properties of GAD is present in fetal pig pro-islets and is recognized by both antibodies and T cells in a significant proportion of subjects at risk for early IDDM. |
| 389 | 1489487 | Prospective studies of T cell reactivity in at-risk IDDM subjects are required to delineate the role of GAD and other candidate autoantigens in the initiation and progression of beta cell destruction. |
| 390 | 1489487 | A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 391 | 1489487 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with circulating antibodies to a pancreatic islet protein of MW 64,000 (64 kDa), reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 392 | 1489487 | To investigate the antigenic properties of the 64 kDa antigen/GAD in IDDM we employed fetal pig pro-islets, a convenient source of islet antigens and an alternative to adult human islets for transplantation. |
| 393 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 394 | 1489487 | In summary, a 64 kDa protein with the properties of GAD is present in fetal pig pro-islets and is recognized by both antibodies and T cells in a significant proportion of subjects at risk for early IDDM. |
| 395 | 1489487 | Prospective studies of T cell reactivity in at-risk IDDM subjects are required to delineate the role of GAD and other candidate autoantigens in the initiation and progression of beta cell destruction. |
| 396 | 1489487 | A 64 kDa antigen/glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in fetal pig pro-islets: co-precipitation with a 38 kDa protein and recognition by T cells in humans at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 397 | 1489487 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with circulating antibodies to a pancreatic islet protein of MW 64,000 (64 kDa), reported to be glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 398 | 1489487 | To investigate the antigenic properties of the 64 kDa antigen/GAD in IDDM we employed fetal pig pro-islets, a convenient source of islet antigens and an alternative to adult human islets for transplantation. |
| 399 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 400 | 1489487 | In summary, a 64 kDa protein with the properties of GAD is present in fetal pig pro-islets and is recognized by both antibodies and T cells in a significant proportion of subjects at risk for early IDDM. |
| 401 | 1489487 | Prospective studies of T cell reactivity in at-risk IDDM subjects are required to delineate the role of GAD and other candidate autoantigens in the initiation and progression of beta cell destruction. |
| 402 | 1490834 | Diabetic retinopathy in a population of 1,302 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) diagnosed before 30 years of age. |
| 403 | 1491483 | IDDM patients had lower 1.25 (OH)2D, osteocalcin than NIDDMs. |
| 404 | 1493843 | The acetylator phenotype was determined in 31 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 110 noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) Jordanian diabetics, and was compared to that of 160 healthy volunteers of the same ethnic group. |
| 405 | 1494246 | The number of elderly patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is increasing because of the prolongation of life due to the improvement of diabetic control. |
| 406 | 1494329 | Growth hormone (GH) levels were measured after a 75g oral glucose load (OGTT) in normal adults, patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and acromegaly. |
| 407 | 1499856 | Comparison of peripheral and portal (via the umbilical vein) routes of insulin infusion in IDDM patients. |
| 408 | 1499870 | This strategy can avoid injections of somatostatin, which can have other affects in addition to the suppression of insulin and glucagon. |
| 409 | 1499870 | Application of different tracer strategies and use of the depancreatized dog as a model of diabetes, we investigated the importance of the indirect effects of insulin in the pathogenesis of diabetes. 1) Because, in the treatment of IDDM, insulin is administered by the peripheral routes we compared the relative importance of hepatic and peripheral effects of insulin in regulating the rate of glucose production. |
| 410 | 1501418 | Our study was designed to explore the relative importance of short-term changes in protein intake and glycemia on the modulation of renal hemodynamics in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with and without glomerular hyperfiltration. |
| 411 | 1501418 | The renal hemodynamic response to a protein challenge was studied in eight hyperfiltering (HF) and eight normofiltering (NF) patients after a three week period of low or normal protein diet (LPD, NPD), each study being conducted twice, in random order, under conditions of prevailing hyperglycemia (H) and euglycemia (E). |
| 412 | 1502499 | It is well known that certain genes in the HLA-D region confer increased susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 413 | 1502499 | Previous studies have documented an increased risk associated with the HLA-DR beta chain alleles, DR3 and DR4, and the DQ beta chain allele DQB1*0302 (formerly DQw8). |
| 414 | 1502500 | Analysis of HLA genotypes and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: association maps telomeric to HLA-DP. |
| 415 | 1502500 | There is convincing evidence that certain combinations of alleles within the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex, particularly within HLA-DQ, are associated with either resistance or susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 416 | 1502500 | These data define the centromeric boundary for the HLA-associated susceptibility gene in IDDM, localizing susceptibility to the region telomeric to HLA-DP up to and including HLA-DQ. |
| 417 | 1502500 | Analysis of HLA genotypes and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: association maps telomeric to HLA-DP. |
| 418 | 1502500 | There is convincing evidence that certain combinations of alleles within the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) complex, particularly within HLA-DQ, are associated with either resistance or susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 419 | 1502500 | These data define the centromeric boundary for the HLA-associated susceptibility gene in IDDM, localizing susceptibility to the region telomeric to HLA-DP up to and including HLA-DQ. |
| 420 | 1504444 | In insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, hypertension often first appears in the microalbuminuric phase of diabetic nephropathy whereas in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients, hypertension often antecedes nephropathy and may precede the diagnosis of diabetes. |
| 421 | 1504444 | Antihypertensive regimens including diuretics, vasodilators such as hydralazine, beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors reduce proteinuria and delay the decline in renal function in IDDM patients with established nephropathy. |
| 422 | 1504444 | In microalbuminuric diabetic patients with hypertension, conventional antihypertensive agents, ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists have been shown to decrease urinary albumin excretion. |
| 423 | 1504444 | In insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, hypertension often first appears in the microalbuminuric phase of diabetic nephropathy whereas in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients, hypertension often antecedes nephropathy and may precede the diagnosis of diabetes. |
| 424 | 1504444 | Antihypertensive regimens including diuretics, vasodilators such as hydralazine, beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors reduce proteinuria and delay the decline in renal function in IDDM patients with established nephropathy. |
| 425 | 1504444 | In microalbuminuric diabetic patients with hypertension, conventional antihypertensive agents, ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists have been shown to decrease urinary albumin excretion. |
| 426 | 1505649 | Longitudinal studies have shown a large excess of cardiovascular mortality in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) as compared to non-diabetic controls. |
| 427 | 1507492 | C-peptide excretion in 24h collection of urine is a good estimate of insulin secretion from the pancreas and thus low in IDDM patients and even in NIDDM patients at a later stage, but high in pathological conditions including Graves' disease, obesity, liver cirrhosis and Cushing's syndrome. |
| 428 | 1511659 | Islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA), detected by indirect immunofluorescence on isolated islet cells, were present in sera from nine of 22 (41%) subjects with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and three of 11 (27%) control subjects. |
| 429 | 1514605 | Five normal and five insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects were infused with labeled [3,4-13C2]-acetoacetate. [13C]KB enrichments were lower in forearm vein than in the artery, and dilution of labeled KB was always higher than that which could be explained by arterial-venous differences of unlabeled KB. |
| 430 | 1516889 | The effect of the somatostatin analogue octreotide on growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetics without residual insulin secretion. |
| 431 | 1516889 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion is well documented in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 432 | 1516889 | Somatostatin inhibits GH in acromegalics and healthy subjects although data on its inhibitory effects on high GH levels in IDDM patients are controversial. |
| 433 | 1516889 | The effect of treatment with the somatostatin analogue octreotide ("Sandostatin") on GH secretion, IGF1 levels and metabolic control was investigated in insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 434 | 1516889 | Octreotide significantly reduced mean 24 h GH profile (7.2 +/- 0.7 mU/L before; 5.2 +/- 0.5 mU/L on octreotide, p less than 0.01), IGF-I levels (0.62 +/- 0.06 before; 0.47 +/- 0.05 on octreotide, p less than 0.005) mean 24 h blood glucose (14.4 +/- 0.5 mmol/L before; 12.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/L on octreotide, p less than 0.001) and daily insulin requirements (44.8 +/- 3.0 IU before; 37.2 +/- 3.0 IU on octreotide, p less than 0.02). |
| 435 | 1516889 | The effect of the somatostatin analogue octreotide on growth hormone secretion in insulin-dependent diabetics without residual insulin secretion. |
| 436 | 1516889 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion is well documented in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 437 | 1516889 | Somatostatin inhibits GH in acromegalics and healthy subjects although data on its inhibitory effects on high GH levels in IDDM patients are controversial. |
| 438 | 1516889 | The effect of treatment with the somatostatin analogue octreotide ("Sandostatin") on GH secretion, IGF1 levels and metabolic control was investigated in insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 439 | 1516889 | Octreotide significantly reduced mean 24 h GH profile (7.2 +/- 0.7 mU/L before; 5.2 +/- 0.5 mU/L on octreotide, p less than 0.01), IGF-I levels (0.62 +/- 0.06 before; 0.47 +/- 0.05 on octreotide, p less than 0.005) mean 24 h blood glucose (14.4 +/- 0.5 mmol/L before; 12.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/L on octreotide, p less than 0.001) and daily insulin requirements (44.8 +/- 3.0 IU before; 37.2 +/- 3.0 IU on octreotide, p less than 0.02). |
| 440 | 1519035 | The effects of the administration of the recently discovered immunosuppressant 15-Deoxyspergualin (DSP) on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone BB rats were studied. |
| 441 | 1520483 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease and susceptibility to both IDDM and IgA deficiency is associated with HLA DQB1 alleles encoding non-Asp amino acids at position 57. |
| 442 | 1526268 | A matched case-control study was performed to assess the prevalence of pathological proteinuria (greater than 50 mg/l) 18-34 years after onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in relation to intensive insulin therapy. |
| 443 | 1526268 | In patients of group A and group B, intervention took place greater than or equal to 8 years after onset of IDDM: group A changed from traditional insulin therapy to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and patients of group B changed from traditional insulin treatment (less than 3 injections/day) to multiple daily insulin injection therapy. |
| 444 | 1526268 | A matched case-control study was performed to assess the prevalence of pathological proteinuria (greater than 50 mg/l) 18-34 years after onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in relation to intensive insulin therapy. |
| 445 | 1526268 | In patients of group A and group B, intervention took place greater than or equal to 8 years after onset of IDDM: group A changed from traditional insulin therapy to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), and patients of group B changed from traditional insulin treatment (less than 3 injections/day) to multiple daily insulin injection therapy. |
| 446 | 1526327 | Although hypertriglyceridemia is common in those with untreated IDDM, treatment with conventional insulin therapy usually restores fasting lipoprotein profiles to nondiabetic levels. |
| 447 | 1526327 | Intensive insulin therapy improves glycemic control and lipoprotein concentrations, but does not ameliorate the changes in lipoprotein composition described in people with IDDM. |
| 448 | 1526327 | The recent availability of implantable insulin-infusion pumps for treatment of IDDM has allowed the study of the effect of i.p. insulin delivery on lipoprotein metabolism. i.p. insulin therapy is capable of maintaining near normal plasma glucose levels while reducing the peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 449 | 1526327 | Although results have been contradictory, studies of i.p. insulin therapy may eventually help to determine whether some of the observed changes in lipoprotein metabolism and composition in people with IDDM are due to the peripheral hyperinsulinemia associated with s.c. insulin therapy. |
| 450 | 1526327 | Although hypertriglyceridemia is common in those with untreated IDDM, treatment with conventional insulin therapy usually restores fasting lipoprotein profiles to nondiabetic levels. |
| 451 | 1526327 | Intensive insulin therapy improves glycemic control and lipoprotein concentrations, but does not ameliorate the changes in lipoprotein composition described in people with IDDM. |
| 452 | 1526327 | The recent availability of implantable insulin-infusion pumps for treatment of IDDM has allowed the study of the effect of i.p. insulin delivery on lipoprotein metabolism. i.p. insulin therapy is capable of maintaining near normal plasma glucose levels while reducing the peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 453 | 1526327 | Although results have been contradictory, studies of i.p. insulin therapy may eventually help to determine whether some of the observed changes in lipoprotein metabolism and composition in people with IDDM are due to the peripheral hyperinsulinemia associated with s.c. insulin therapy. |
| 454 | 1526327 | Although hypertriglyceridemia is common in those with untreated IDDM, treatment with conventional insulin therapy usually restores fasting lipoprotein profiles to nondiabetic levels. |
| 455 | 1526327 | Intensive insulin therapy improves glycemic control and lipoprotein concentrations, but does not ameliorate the changes in lipoprotein composition described in people with IDDM. |
| 456 | 1526327 | The recent availability of implantable insulin-infusion pumps for treatment of IDDM has allowed the study of the effect of i.p. insulin delivery on lipoprotein metabolism. i.p. insulin therapy is capable of maintaining near normal plasma glucose levels while reducing the peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 457 | 1526327 | Although results have been contradictory, studies of i.p. insulin therapy may eventually help to determine whether some of the observed changes in lipoprotein metabolism and composition in people with IDDM are due to the peripheral hyperinsulinemia associated with s.c. insulin therapy. |
| 458 | 1526327 | Although hypertriglyceridemia is common in those with untreated IDDM, treatment with conventional insulin therapy usually restores fasting lipoprotein profiles to nondiabetic levels. |
| 459 | 1526327 | Intensive insulin therapy improves glycemic control and lipoprotein concentrations, but does not ameliorate the changes in lipoprotein composition described in people with IDDM. |
| 460 | 1526327 | The recent availability of implantable insulin-infusion pumps for treatment of IDDM has allowed the study of the effect of i.p. insulin delivery on lipoprotein metabolism. i.p. insulin therapy is capable of maintaining near normal plasma glucose levels while reducing the peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 461 | 1526327 | Although results have been contradictory, studies of i.p. insulin therapy may eventually help to determine whether some of the observed changes in lipoprotein metabolism and composition in people with IDDM are due to the peripheral hyperinsulinemia associated with s.c. insulin therapy. |
| 462 | 1526328 | Effects of insulin treatment on lipoprotein composition and function in patients with IDDM. |
| 463 | 1526342 | Apolipoprotein A-I-containing particles and reverse cholesterol transport in IDDM. |
| 464 | 1531245 | Since Lp(a) is increased in both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), this study examined the relationship of Lp(a) concentrations to coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in the 4-year follow-up of the Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy (WESDR). |
| 465 | 1532369 | Autoreactive T cells mediate diabetes in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are believed to cause the disease in humans. |
| 466 | 1532514 | Vascular prostheses may represent a suitable site of implantation for large numbers of human islets, immunoprotected in semipermeable and biocompatible microcapsules, and be a novel strategy for therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 467 | 1533193 | Sodium-lithium countertransport activity and insulin resistance in normotensive IDDM patients. |
| 468 | 1533193 | In insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), an overactivity of sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+/Li+ CT) has been associated with the risk of nephropathy and hypertension, two conditions of insulin resistance. |
| 469 | 1533193 | We investigated the sensitivity to insulin with a hyperinsulinemic (approximately 719 pM [approximately 100 microU/ml]) euglycemic clamp in two groups of normotensive nonproteinuric IDDM patients; 12 (10 men, 2 women) had high Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.47, range 0.42-0.68 mmol/L red blood cells [RBC]/h, group 1) and 12 (9 men, 3 women) had normal Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.24, range 0.12-0.31 mmol/L RBC/h, group 2). |
| 470 | 1533193 | Sodium-lithium countertransport activity and insulin resistance in normotensive IDDM patients. |
| 471 | 1533193 | In insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), an overactivity of sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+/Li+ CT) has been associated with the risk of nephropathy and hypertension, two conditions of insulin resistance. |
| 472 | 1533193 | We investigated the sensitivity to insulin with a hyperinsulinemic (approximately 719 pM [approximately 100 microU/ml]) euglycemic clamp in two groups of normotensive nonproteinuric IDDM patients; 12 (10 men, 2 women) had high Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.47, range 0.42-0.68 mmol/L red blood cells [RBC]/h, group 1) and 12 (9 men, 3 women) had normal Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.24, range 0.12-0.31 mmol/L RBC/h, group 2). |
| 473 | 1533193 | Sodium-lithium countertransport activity and insulin resistance in normotensive IDDM patients. |
| 474 | 1533193 | In insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), an overactivity of sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+/Li+ CT) has been associated with the risk of nephropathy and hypertension, two conditions of insulin resistance. |
| 475 | 1533193 | We investigated the sensitivity to insulin with a hyperinsulinemic (approximately 719 pM [approximately 100 microU/ml]) euglycemic clamp in two groups of normotensive nonproteinuric IDDM patients; 12 (10 men, 2 women) had high Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.47, range 0.42-0.68 mmol/L red blood cells [RBC]/h, group 1) and 12 (9 men, 3 women) had normal Na+/Li+ CT activity (mean 0.24, range 0.12-0.31 mmol/L RBC/h, group 2). |
| 476 | 1538641 | Duration of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) was 19.4 +/- 2.1 years. |
| 477 | 1539646 | To evaluate the anabolic effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperaminoacidemia on amino acid (and protein) metabolism in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied leucine and phenylalanine kinetics in nine IDDM and seven control subjects, both at basal euglycemic conditions and during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (approximately 60-80 microU/ml of plasma free insulin), combined with an intravenous infusion of amino acids (AA), which doubled plasma concentrations of most AA. |
| 478 | 1539646 | In the basal state, euglycemia was maintained in IDDM subjects at the expense of a peripheral free insulin level (16 +/- 2 microU/ml) greater (P less than 0.05) than controls (9 +/- 1 microU/ml). |
| 479 | 1539646 | During the clamp, at comparable plasma free insulin and amino acid concentrations, oxidation was similar in the two groups, endogenous leucine and phenylalanine Ra remained significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in IDDM than in normal subjects, and leucine disposal tended also to be greater in IDDM subjects. |
| 480 | 1539646 | To evaluate the anabolic effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperaminoacidemia on amino acid (and protein) metabolism in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied leucine and phenylalanine kinetics in nine IDDM and seven control subjects, both at basal euglycemic conditions and during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (approximately 60-80 microU/ml of plasma free insulin), combined with an intravenous infusion of amino acids (AA), which doubled plasma concentrations of most AA. |
| 481 | 1539646 | In the basal state, euglycemia was maintained in IDDM subjects at the expense of a peripheral free insulin level (16 +/- 2 microU/ml) greater (P less than 0.05) than controls (9 +/- 1 microU/ml). |
| 482 | 1539646 | During the clamp, at comparable plasma free insulin and amino acid concentrations, oxidation was similar in the two groups, endogenous leucine and phenylalanine Ra remained significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in IDDM than in normal subjects, and leucine disposal tended also to be greater in IDDM subjects. |
| 483 | 1539646 | To evaluate the anabolic effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperaminoacidemia on amino acid (and protein) metabolism in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied leucine and phenylalanine kinetics in nine IDDM and seven control subjects, both at basal euglycemic conditions and during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (approximately 60-80 microU/ml of plasma free insulin), combined with an intravenous infusion of amino acids (AA), which doubled plasma concentrations of most AA. |
| 484 | 1539646 | In the basal state, euglycemia was maintained in IDDM subjects at the expense of a peripheral free insulin level (16 +/- 2 microU/ml) greater (P less than 0.05) than controls (9 +/- 1 microU/ml). |
| 485 | 1539646 | During the clamp, at comparable plasma free insulin and amino acid concentrations, oxidation was similar in the two groups, endogenous leucine and phenylalanine Ra remained significantly greater (P less than 0.05) in IDDM than in normal subjects, and leucine disposal tended also to be greater in IDDM subjects. |
| 486 | 1541051 | We have recently reported that chronic and systemic administration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibits development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice and BB rats, animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 487 | 1541051 | The in vivo TNF productivity in the diabetic rats, including the short-term- and long-term-diabetic rats, was correlated positively with the level of fructosamine/albumin (P less than 0.05) and negatively with the level of serum albumin (P less than 0.05), but not with levels of blood glucose. |
| 488 | 1547815 | Interleukin 2 receptor targeted fusion toxin (DAB486-IL-2) treatment blocks diabetogenic autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 489 | 1547815 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strikingly similar in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and humans. |
| 490 | 1547815 | In IDDM, the systematic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreas is dependent on autoreactive T cells. |
| 491 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 492 | 1547815 | We set DAB486-IL-2 the challenging task of preventing fulminant IDDM accelerated by the adoptive transfer of diabetic spleen cells. |
| 493 | 1547815 | Taken together, these studies strongly support the concept that IL 2R-bearing T cells are essential for the induction of IDDM and suggest that DAB486-IL-2 would be a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of human IDDM. |
| 494 | 1547815 | Interleukin 2 receptor targeted fusion toxin (DAB486-IL-2) treatment blocks diabetogenic autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 495 | 1547815 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strikingly similar in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and humans. |
| 496 | 1547815 | In IDDM, the systematic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreas is dependent on autoreactive T cells. |
| 497 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 498 | 1547815 | We set DAB486-IL-2 the challenging task of preventing fulminant IDDM accelerated by the adoptive transfer of diabetic spleen cells. |
| 499 | 1547815 | Taken together, these studies strongly support the concept that IL 2R-bearing T cells are essential for the induction of IDDM and suggest that DAB486-IL-2 would be a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of human IDDM. |
| 500 | 1547815 | Interleukin 2 receptor targeted fusion toxin (DAB486-IL-2) treatment blocks diabetogenic autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 501 | 1547815 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strikingly similar in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and humans. |
| 502 | 1547815 | In IDDM, the systematic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreas is dependent on autoreactive T cells. |
| 503 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 504 | 1547815 | We set DAB486-IL-2 the challenging task of preventing fulminant IDDM accelerated by the adoptive transfer of diabetic spleen cells. |
| 505 | 1547815 | Taken together, these studies strongly support the concept that IL 2R-bearing T cells are essential for the induction of IDDM and suggest that DAB486-IL-2 would be a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of human IDDM. |
| 506 | 1547815 | Interleukin 2 receptor targeted fusion toxin (DAB486-IL-2) treatment blocks diabetogenic autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 507 | 1547815 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strikingly similar in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and humans. |
| 508 | 1547815 | In IDDM, the systematic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreas is dependent on autoreactive T cells. |
| 509 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 510 | 1547815 | We set DAB486-IL-2 the challenging task of preventing fulminant IDDM accelerated by the adoptive transfer of diabetic spleen cells. |
| 511 | 1547815 | Taken together, these studies strongly support the concept that IL 2R-bearing T cells are essential for the induction of IDDM and suggest that DAB486-IL-2 would be a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of human IDDM. |
| 512 | 1547815 | Interleukin 2 receptor targeted fusion toxin (DAB486-IL-2) treatment blocks diabetogenic autoimmunity in non-obese diabetic mice. |
| 513 | 1547815 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strikingly similar in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and humans. |
| 514 | 1547815 | In IDDM, the systematic autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells within the pancreas is dependent on autoreactive T cells. |
| 515 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 516 | 1547815 | We set DAB486-IL-2 the challenging task of preventing fulminant IDDM accelerated by the adoptive transfer of diabetic spleen cells. |
| 517 | 1547815 | Taken together, these studies strongly support the concept that IL 2R-bearing T cells are essential for the induction of IDDM and suggest that DAB486-IL-2 would be a promising therapeutic approach in the treatment of human IDDM. |
| 518 | 1548146 | Complementation of HLA-DQA and -DQB genes confers susceptibility and protection to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 519 | 1548146 | Lack of an aspartic acid 57 in the HLA-DQ beta chain was introduced as a genetic marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 520 | 1548146 | The new susceptibility genotype DQA3-DQB3.2/DQA4.1-DQB2 (DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201) may explain the well-known excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygous IDDM patients and is expected to help identify individuals at risk for developing the disease. |
| 521 | 1548146 | Complementation of HLA-DQA and -DQB genes confers susceptibility and protection to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 522 | 1548146 | Lack of an aspartic acid 57 in the HLA-DQ beta chain was introduced as a genetic marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 523 | 1548146 | The new susceptibility genotype DQA3-DQB3.2/DQA4.1-DQB2 (DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201) may explain the well-known excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygous IDDM patients and is expected to help identify individuals at risk for developing the disease. |
| 524 | 1548360 | Diminished growth hormone-binding protein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 525 | 1548360 | To gain information about the concentration of GHBPs in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GHBP in the serum of 46 children with IDDM and compared it to that in 53 healthy control subjects matched for age and sexual maturity. |
| 526 | 1548360 | The total GHBP concentration in the group of pubertal and postpubertal IDDM patients was lower than that measured in the control group (mean +/- SEM: 7.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 9.0 +/- 0.5%, P = 0.05). |
| 527 | 1548360 | In the diabetic group, there was no correlation between the GHBP levels and age, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin A1, or insulin dose. |
| 528 | 1548360 | We conclude that in IDDM there is less of the high affinity GHBP, suggesting a decrease in the number of GH receptors in these patients. |
| 529 | 1548360 | This decrease may contribute to GH resistance manifesting as decreased insulin-like growth factor-I levels despite high GH levels in patients with IDDM. |
| 530 | 1548360 | Diminished growth hormone-binding protein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 531 | 1548360 | To gain information about the concentration of GHBPs in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GHBP in the serum of 46 children with IDDM and compared it to that in 53 healthy control subjects matched for age and sexual maturity. |
| 532 | 1548360 | The total GHBP concentration in the group of pubertal and postpubertal IDDM patients was lower than that measured in the control group (mean +/- SEM: 7.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 9.0 +/- 0.5%, P = 0.05). |
| 533 | 1548360 | In the diabetic group, there was no correlation between the GHBP levels and age, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin A1, or insulin dose. |
| 534 | 1548360 | We conclude that in IDDM there is less of the high affinity GHBP, suggesting a decrease in the number of GH receptors in these patients. |
| 535 | 1548360 | This decrease may contribute to GH resistance manifesting as decreased insulin-like growth factor-I levels despite high GH levels in patients with IDDM. |
| 536 | 1548360 | Diminished growth hormone-binding protein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 537 | 1548360 | To gain information about the concentration of GHBPs in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GHBP in the serum of 46 children with IDDM and compared it to that in 53 healthy control subjects matched for age and sexual maturity. |
| 538 | 1548360 | The total GHBP concentration in the group of pubertal and postpubertal IDDM patients was lower than that measured in the control group (mean +/- SEM: 7.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 9.0 +/- 0.5%, P = 0.05). |
| 539 | 1548360 | In the diabetic group, there was no correlation between the GHBP levels and age, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin A1, or insulin dose. |
| 540 | 1548360 | We conclude that in IDDM there is less of the high affinity GHBP, suggesting a decrease in the number of GH receptors in these patients. |
| 541 | 1548360 | This decrease may contribute to GH resistance manifesting as decreased insulin-like growth factor-I levels despite high GH levels in patients with IDDM. |
| 542 | 1548360 | Diminished growth hormone-binding protein in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 543 | 1548360 | To gain information about the concentration of GHBPs in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GHBP in the serum of 46 children with IDDM and compared it to that in 53 healthy control subjects matched for age and sexual maturity. |
| 544 | 1548360 | The total GHBP concentration in the group of pubertal and postpubertal IDDM patients was lower than that measured in the control group (mean +/- SEM: 7.8 +/- 0.4 vs. 9.0 +/- 0.5%, P = 0.05). |
| 545 | 1548360 | In the diabetic group, there was no correlation between the GHBP levels and age, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin A1, or insulin dose. |
| 546 | 1548360 | We conclude that in IDDM there is less of the high affinity GHBP, suggesting a decrease in the number of GH receptors in these patients. |
| 547 | 1548360 | This decrease may contribute to GH resistance manifesting as decreased insulin-like growth factor-I levels despite high GH levels in patients with IDDM. |
| 548 | 1551485 | Three hypoglycemia-associated clinical syndromes in people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)--defective glucose counterregulation, hypoglycemia unawareness, and elevated glycemic thresholds for symptoms and activation of counterregulatory systems during effective intensive therapy--have much in common. |
| 549 | 1551486 | Platelet aggregation and composition were examined in 20 male insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 20 nondiabetic control subjects matched for age and body mass index. |
| 550 | 1551486 | However, after taking 100 mg/day aspirin for 5 days, platelet aggregation to collagen was reduced by 76% in control subjects compared to 56% in IDDM patients (P less than 0.001). |
| 551 | 1551486 | Platelet aggregation and composition were examined in 20 male insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 20 nondiabetic control subjects matched for age and body mass index. |
| 552 | 1551486 | However, after taking 100 mg/day aspirin for 5 days, platelet aggregation to collagen was reduced by 76% in control subjects compared to 56% in IDDM patients (P less than 0.001). |
| 553 | 1551498 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in whites is strongly associated with particular HLA-DQ alpha beta heterodimers composed of a DQ alpha chain with an arginine at residue 52 (Arg52+) combined to a DQ beta chain lacking an aspartic acid at residue 57 (Asp57-). |
| 554 | 1551499 | Fourteen poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (HbA1c 11 +/- 0.5%) with a mean +/- SE duration of disease of 15 +/- 2 yr were studied to evaluate the hypoglycemic threshold for cognitive dysfunction under insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 555 | 1552391 | To test the hypothesis that bone mineral density (BMD) is lower in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured BMD of the lumbar vertebrae (L-2 to L-4) by dual-photon absorptiometry in 31 boys and 25 girls, mean age 12.3 years, with IDDM of varying clinical duration (range 0.1 to 14.8 years). |
| 556 | 1552825 | The NOD mouse is a recognized model for studying immunologically mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 557 | 1552996 | In this study we compared the serum uric acid levels of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to those of controls matched for sex, age and ethnic origin. |
| 558 | 1556180 | The destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be T cell mediated. |
| 559 | 1556272 | Associations among sibling relations and the psychosocial and illness-specific adaptation of youths (N = 66) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined. |
| 560 | 1556940 | The impact of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on the lipoprotein profile in insulin-dependent diabetes: the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study IX. |
| 561 | 1556940 | Whether these associations are seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which itself affects many of the same aspects of lipoprotein metabolism as does the apo E polymorphism, is unknown. |
| 562 | 1559414 | A striking difference in all-cause mortality has been noted between individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from Finland and Allegheny County, PA. |
| 563 | 1559544 | We studied the relationship of retinal and/or renal microvascular complications and duration of disease with altered finger skin microcirculation in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 564 | 1562753 | The Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study is a prospective study initiated in 1985 to determine risk factors for the development of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 565 | 1563331 | We measured circulating levels of C-peptide, pancreatic glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone and metabolites (glucose, non-esterified fatty acids, glycerol and 3-hydroxybutyrate) in fibro-calculous-pancreatic diabetic (FCPD, n = 28), insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM, n = 28) and non-diabetic control (n = 27) subjects during an oral glucose tolerance test. |
| 566 | 1563334 | When compared to Whites, Asians have an even greater predominance of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) over insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 567 | 1563985 | Haplospecific polymorphism between HLA B and tumor necrosis factor. |
| 568 | 1563985 | Polymorphisms were sought between HLA B and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) using three genomic probes. |
| 569 | 1563985 | Four were shared by more than one AH, but in these instances there were extensive similarities in other regions within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), for example, the Japanese 46.2 (HLA Bw46-DRw8) and the Chinese 46.1 (Bw46-DR9) share all alleles between HLA C and C4 and differ only in class II, suggesting their relatively recent divergence by recombination between C4 and DR. |
| 570 | 1563985 | Surprisingly, two insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-resistant but race-specific AHs 52.1 (Bw52-DRB1*1502, Japanese) and 7.1 (B7-DRB1*1501, Caucasoid) carry the same Y-X-V haplotype, suggesting the possibility of localizing gene(s) relevant to IDDM. |
| 571 | 1563985 | The present study confirms that MHC AHs have been conserved en bloc, including the region between HLA B and TNF. |
| 572 | 1568527 | Glomerular structure in IDDM women with low glomerular filtration rate and normal urinary albumin excretion. |
| 573 | 1568527 | Eight women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with low creatinine clearance rate (CCR) and normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were compared with three other groups of diabetic women: 19 with normal creatinine clearance rate (CCR) and UAE, 7 with normal CCR and microalbuminuria, and 7 with low CCR and microalbuminuria. |
| 574 | 1568527 | Glomerular structure in IDDM women with low glomerular filtration rate and normal urinary albumin excretion. |
| 575 | 1568527 | Eight women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with low creatinine clearance rate (CCR) and normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were compared with three other groups of diabetic women: 19 with normal creatinine clearance rate (CCR) and UAE, 7 with normal CCR and microalbuminuria, and 7 with low CCR and microalbuminuria. |
| 576 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 577 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 578 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 579 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 580 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 581 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 582 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 583 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 584 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 585 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 586 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 587 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 588 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 589 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 590 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 591 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 592 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 593 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 594 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 595 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 596 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 597 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 598 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 599 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 600 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 601 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 602 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 603 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 604 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 605 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 606 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 607 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 608 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 609 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 610 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 611 | 1568530 | Low plasma growth hormone binding protein in IDDM. |
| 612 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 613 | 1568530 | To investigate a potential receptor involvement, we measured plasma high-affinity GH-binding protein (GHBP), which represents a truncated GH receptor and may reflect GH receptor levels in tissues, in patients with IDDM, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 614 | 1568530 | Patients with IDDM had significantly lower plasma GHBP levels than either patients with NIDDM or nondiabetic control subjects (mean value 18.2 vs. 24.6 and 23.8% GH bound/ml plasma, respectively, P less than 0.001). |
| 615 | 1568530 | No correlations were found between levels of GHBP and HbA1, duration of diabetes, or plasma GH. |
| 616 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 617 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 618 | 1568533 | Blood glucose, plasma sodium, bicarbonate (HCO3-), vasopressin, and hematocrit were monitored before and during treatment in patients with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 619 | 1569152 | Insulin autoantibodies (IAA) have been identified in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and in individuals at high risk of developing the disease. |
| 620 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 621 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 622 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 623 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 624 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 625 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 626 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 627 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 628 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 629 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 630 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 631 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 632 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 633 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 634 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 635 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 636 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 637 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 638 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 639 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 640 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 641 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 642 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 643 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 644 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 645 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 646 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 647 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 648 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 649 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 650 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 651 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 652 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 653 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 654 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 655 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 656 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 657 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 658 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 659 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 660 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 661 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 662 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 663 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 664 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 665 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 666 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 667 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 668 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 669 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 670 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 671 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 672 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 673 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 674 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 675 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 676 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 677 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 678 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 679 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 680 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 681 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 682 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 683 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 684 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 685 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 686 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 687 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 688 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 689 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 690 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 691 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 692 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 693 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 694 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 695 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 696 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 697 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 698 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 699 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 700 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 701 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 702 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 703 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 704 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 705 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 706 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 707 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 708 | 1569156 | Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: regulatory effects of metabolic factors. |
| 709 | 1569156 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with insulin deficiency and insulin-resistant glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 710 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 711 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 712 | 1569156 | Euglycemic clamp studies over a range of insulin concentrations in these IDDM subjects previously showed both decreased insulin sensitivity and decreased maximally insulin stimulated glucose utilization. |
| 713 | 1569156 | In this study, Northern blotting of muscle ribonucleic acid (RNA) revealed a single 3.0-3.5 kb transcript for both GLUT1 and GLUT4 with no change in messenger RNA (mRNA) size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 714 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 715 | 1569156 | Immunoblotting of total muscle membranes for GLUT4 showed a single band of mol mass of approximately 45 kilodaltons with no change in size or abundance with IDDM. |
| 716 | 1569156 | There was no significant correlation between GLUT4 polypeptide levels and HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, or free fatty acids, daily insulin dose, duration of diabetes, or subject age but in IDDM subjects GLUT4 protein levels correlated negatively with body mass index. |
| 717 | 1569156 | Thus, impaired expression of glucose transporters in muscle is not essential for the pathogenesis of insulin-resistant glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 718 | 1569156 | No direct regulatory role of chronic glycemic control or plasma insulin levels on GLUT4 expression is evident. |
| 719 | 1573137 | This study investigated the relationship between compliance with a prescribed diabetic diet and metabolic control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 720 | 1573584 | In addition there were 137 patients with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 721 | 1576930 | Glucose tolerance and insulin response were examined using a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 108 parents of 23 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 31 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), whose age of onset of diabetes was less than 35 years. |
| 722 | 1576930 | However, among those with 'normal' glucose tolerance, early phase insulin response did not differ between parents of IDDM and NIDDM, and control subjects. |
| 723 | 1576930 | Glucose tolerance and insulin response were examined using a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 108 parents of 23 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 31 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), whose age of onset of diabetes was less than 35 years. |
| 724 | 1576930 | However, among those with 'normal' glucose tolerance, early phase insulin response did not differ between parents of IDDM and NIDDM, and control subjects. |
| 725 | 1576932 | We examined the relationships between 4 glycated protein assays and home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) in 26 children with poorly-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during a period of improved management. |
| 726 | 1576933 | There are few reports on the genetic, immunological and nutritional characteristics of insulin-using youth-onset diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) in Korea. |
| 727 | 1576933 | A diabetes history of first-relatives (28.6%) was more frequently found in the MRDM group than in the IDDM (14.8) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (19.0%) groups. |
| 728 | 1576933 | There are few reports on the genetic, immunological and nutritional characteristics of insulin-using youth-onset diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) in Korea. |
| 729 | 1576933 | A diabetes history of first-relatives (28.6%) was more frequently found in the MRDM group than in the IDDM (14.8) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (19.0%) groups. |
| 730 | 1579695 | Data from a 5-year follow-up of 617 diabetics, 376 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and 241 insulin-dependent (IDDM), attending the Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín at Buenos Aires city are reported. |
| 731 | 1579999 | In insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) it is rational to advise the patient 1) to arrange his diet so that this results in a low glycaemic response, which implies a relatively high intake of dietary fibre and polysaccharides, 2) to distribute the food into 5-6 daily meals and 3) to consume a low-fat diet. |
| 732 | 1579999 | Dietary regulation in IDDM is thus a compensation for the defective synchronization of variations in the plasma levels of glucose and insulin in the present day forms of insulin therapy. |
| 733 | 1579999 | In insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) it is rational to advise the patient 1) to arrange his diet so that this results in a low glycaemic response, which implies a relatively high intake of dietary fibre and polysaccharides, 2) to distribute the food into 5-6 daily meals and 3) to consume a low-fat diet. |
| 734 | 1579999 | Dietary regulation in IDDM is thus a compensation for the defective synchronization of variations in the plasma levels of glucose and insulin in the present day forms of insulin therapy. |
| 735 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 736 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 737 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 738 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 739 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 740 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 741 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 742 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 743 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 744 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 745 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 746 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 747 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 748 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 749 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 750 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 751 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 752 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 753 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 754 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 755 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 756 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 757 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 758 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 759 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 760 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 761 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 762 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 763 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 764 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 765 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 766 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 767 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 768 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 769 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 770 | 1581467 | In vivo effects of interleukin-1 beta on blood leukocytes in BB rats prone or resistant to diabetes. |
| 771 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 772 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 773 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 774 | 1581467 | At the onset of IDDM, lymphocyte (P less than 0.01) and neutrophil (P less than 0.001) numbers were increased in high dose treated DP rats but not in rats given saline or low dose IL-1 beta. |
| 775 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 776 | 1581467 | Thus, neutrophilia was dissociated from high IL-1 beta acceleration of IDDM onset. |
| 777 | 1587393 | The development of implantable insulin pumps, which can deliver insulin intraperitoneally, led to numerous studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, demonstrating that insulin delivered intraperitoneally is rapidly and predictably absorbed with most of it going into the portal system, resulting in hepatic delivery of insulin. |
| 778 | 1587393 | Studies in IDDM patients have demonstrated that good glucose control can be achieved with intraperitoneal delivery of insulin from implantable pumps with lesser glycemic fluctuations and, therefore, fewer episodes of hypoglycemia. |
| 779 | 1587393 | Thus, implantable insulin pumps are being studied for use in IDDM. |
| 780 | 1587393 | Because of alterations in hepatic sensitivity to insulin, increments in insulin delivery to the liver may be even more important in NIDDM than IDDM. |
| 781 | 1587393 | The development of implantable insulin pumps, which can deliver insulin intraperitoneally, led to numerous studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, demonstrating that insulin delivered intraperitoneally is rapidly and predictably absorbed with most of it going into the portal system, resulting in hepatic delivery of insulin. |
| 782 | 1587393 | Studies in IDDM patients have demonstrated that good glucose control can be achieved with intraperitoneal delivery of insulin from implantable pumps with lesser glycemic fluctuations and, therefore, fewer episodes of hypoglycemia. |
| 783 | 1587393 | Thus, implantable insulin pumps are being studied for use in IDDM. |
| 784 | 1587393 | Because of alterations in hepatic sensitivity to insulin, increments in insulin delivery to the liver may be even more important in NIDDM than IDDM. |
| 785 | 1587393 | The development of implantable insulin pumps, which can deliver insulin intraperitoneally, led to numerous studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, demonstrating that insulin delivered intraperitoneally is rapidly and predictably absorbed with most of it going into the portal system, resulting in hepatic delivery of insulin. |
| 786 | 1587393 | Studies in IDDM patients have demonstrated that good glucose control can be achieved with intraperitoneal delivery of insulin from implantable pumps with lesser glycemic fluctuations and, therefore, fewer episodes of hypoglycemia. |
| 787 | 1587393 | Thus, implantable insulin pumps are being studied for use in IDDM. |
| 788 | 1587393 | Because of alterations in hepatic sensitivity to insulin, increments in insulin delivery to the liver may be even more important in NIDDM than IDDM. |
| 789 | 1587393 | The development of implantable insulin pumps, which can deliver insulin intraperitoneally, led to numerous studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, demonstrating that insulin delivered intraperitoneally is rapidly and predictably absorbed with most of it going into the portal system, resulting in hepatic delivery of insulin. |
| 790 | 1587393 | Studies in IDDM patients have demonstrated that good glucose control can be achieved with intraperitoneal delivery of insulin from implantable pumps with lesser glycemic fluctuations and, therefore, fewer episodes of hypoglycemia. |
| 791 | 1587393 | Thus, implantable insulin pumps are being studied for use in IDDM. |
| 792 | 1587393 | Because of alterations in hepatic sensitivity to insulin, increments in insulin delivery to the liver may be even more important in NIDDM than IDDM. |
| 793 | 1588823 | This is the first report of met-ENK levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and an impaired feedback of insulin/met-ENK is suggested. |
| 794 | 1590874 | Gestational diabetes constitutes 90% of all pregnant diabetic patients, whereas insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) together account for the remaining 10%. |
| 795 | 1591143 | The parathyroid hormone- 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D endocrine system and magnesium status in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: current concepts. |
| 796 | 1591143 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic metabolic disorder which can induce alterations in bone metabolism (osteopenia) and/or in mineral homeostasis, mainly during growth. |
| 797 | 1591143 | In addition, on the basis of personal experience, it is shown that the deranged parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis in IDDM is reversed after normalization of magnesium serum levels by oral magnesium. |
| 798 | 1591143 | The parathyroid hormone- 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D endocrine system and magnesium status in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: current concepts. |
| 799 | 1591143 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic metabolic disorder which can induce alterations in bone metabolism (osteopenia) and/or in mineral homeostasis, mainly during growth. |
| 800 | 1591143 | In addition, on the basis of personal experience, it is shown that the deranged parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis in IDDM is reversed after normalization of magnesium serum levels by oral magnesium. |
| 801 | 1591458 | Reported dietary intakes were assessed in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 802 | 1591793 | Careful monitoring and adjustment of insulin doses and nutrition plans can then make possible the safe and successful participation of IDDM patients in virtually any athletic activity. |
| 803 | 1592439 | Viral infection has been suggested to play a triggering role in the pancreatic beta cell destruction which occurs in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 804 | 1592439 | The infection with measles and mumps viruses induced the release of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the cell line as assessed by a bioassay and up-regulated the expression of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II antigens as evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. |
| 805 | 1592439 | These data show for the first time that IL-1 and IL-6 secretion by an insulinoma cell line may occur after viral infection and suggest that cytokine release and increased expression of HLA molecules by beta cells may act to induce the immune response towards beta cells in IDDM. |
| 806 | 1592439 | Viral infection has been suggested to play a triggering role in the pancreatic beta cell destruction which occurs in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 807 | 1592439 | The infection with measles and mumps viruses induced the release of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by the cell line as assessed by a bioassay and up-regulated the expression of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II antigens as evaluated by cytofluorimetric analysis. |
| 808 | 1592439 | These data show for the first time that IL-1 and IL-6 secretion by an insulinoma cell line may occur after viral infection and suggest that cytokine release and increased expression of HLA molecules by beta cells may act to induce the immune response towards beta cells in IDDM. |
| 809 | 1593797 | To study the relations between renal tubular disorder and glomerular dysfunction in the early phase of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we performed concomitant measurements of urinary beta-D-N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), beta 2-microglobulin (BMG), and microalbumin in 29 of pediatric patients with IDDM, 15 normal controls, and 83 patients with non-diabetic ketoacidosis. |
| 810 | 1595305 | Obstetricians mainly are confronted with the insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) prior to conception and during pregnancy. |
| 811 | 1600522 | The effect of joint exposure to diagnostic X-rays and maternal smoking during pregnancy was compared in a case-control study of 216 children with cancer (128 cases with acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL] and 88 with solid tumors) and 301 control children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 812 | 1600854 | Ninety-six patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-proliferative retinopathy, normal s-creatinine and previously high blood glucose levels were followed for 5 years. |
| 813 | 1600856 | Cytoplasmic islet-cell antibodies (ICA) and endogenous insulin secretion were studied in 46 Sudanese children (mean age 11.6 years) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 814 | 1601008 | In 27 children (15 males and 12 females) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), aged 1.2-13.5 years (mean 9.9 +/- 3.6 years) we investigated immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), IgG subclass levels and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) at diagnosis and at 6 and 12 months after disease onset. |
| 815 | 1602510 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) rarely occurred in patients younger than the age of 10. |
| 816 | 1607070 | Determinants of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) that occur during the 2nd decade of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (early-onset PDR) were investigated in a nested case-control study. |
| 817 | 1607079 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is marked by circulating antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell antigen identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 818 | 1607079 | The sera tested were from 80 patients with IDDM including 26 with disease of recent onset and 54 with disease of longer duration (3-42 yr), 20 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 55 nondiabetic subjects. |
| 819 | 1607079 | The frequency of antibody to GAD in IDDM was 69% in short-duration cases and 59% in long-duration cases. |
| 820 | 1607079 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is marked by circulating antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell antigen identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 821 | 1607079 | The sera tested were from 80 patients with IDDM including 26 with disease of recent onset and 54 with disease of longer duration (3-42 yr), 20 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 55 nondiabetic subjects. |
| 822 | 1607079 | The frequency of antibody to GAD in IDDM was 69% in short-duration cases and 59% in long-duration cases. |
| 823 | 1607079 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is marked by circulating antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell antigen identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 824 | 1607079 | The sera tested were from 80 patients with IDDM including 26 with disease of recent onset and 54 with disease of longer duration (3-42 yr), 20 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 55 nondiabetic subjects. |
| 825 | 1607079 | The frequency of antibody to GAD in IDDM was 69% in short-duration cases and 59% in long-duration cases. |
| 826 | 1608023 | Glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I levels in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and umbilical venous serum: a comparison between late normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated with diabetes and fetal growth retardation. |
| 827 | 1608023 | Fetal growth and development is dependent upon various growth factors such as glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I. |
| 828 | 1608023 | These growth factors were measured in maternal serum (MS), amniotic fluid (AF) and umbilical venous serum (UV) in late gestation in normal, insulin dependent diabetic pregnancies (IDDM) and in pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). |
| 829 | 1608023 | The UV glucose values of 1.9 +/- 0.9 mmol/L and UV insulin values of 8.0 +/- 1.8 mU/L were the lowest in IUGR pregnancies, and the highest were in UV serum from IDDM pregnancies, and the difference was statistically significant for this two groups. |
| 830 | 1608023 | IGF-I values in UV indicated that there was significant difference in IGF-I concentrations when both, IUGR and IDDM groups were compared to the controls. |
| 831 | 1608023 | It seems likely that changes in maternal serum, umbilical venous and amniotic fluid insulin-like growth factor I influence birthweight in normal and IUGR infants and in those of diabetic mothers. |
| 832 | 1608023 | Glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I levels in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and umbilical venous serum: a comparison between late normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated with diabetes and fetal growth retardation. |
| 833 | 1608023 | Fetal growth and development is dependent upon various growth factors such as glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I. |
| 834 | 1608023 | These growth factors were measured in maternal serum (MS), amniotic fluid (AF) and umbilical venous serum (UV) in late gestation in normal, insulin dependent diabetic pregnancies (IDDM) and in pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). |
| 835 | 1608023 | The UV glucose values of 1.9 +/- 0.9 mmol/L and UV insulin values of 8.0 +/- 1.8 mU/L were the lowest in IUGR pregnancies, and the highest were in UV serum from IDDM pregnancies, and the difference was statistically significant for this two groups. |
| 836 | 1608023 | IGF-I values in UV indicated that there was significant difference in IGF-I concentrations when both, IUGR and IDDM groups were compared to the controls. |
| 837 | 1608023 | It seems likely that changes in maternal serum, umbilical venous and amniotic fluid insulin-like growth factor I influence birthweight in normal and IUGR infants and in those of diabetic mothers. |
| 838 | 1608023 | Glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I levels in maternal serum, amniotic fluid and umbilical venous serum: a comparison between late normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated with diabetes and fetal growth retardation. |
| 839 | 1608023 | Fetal growth and development is dependent upon various growth factors such as glucose, insulin, HGH and IGF-I. |
| 840 | 1608023 | These growth factors were measured in maternal serum (MS), amniotic fluid (AF) and umbilical venous serum (UV) in late gestation in normal, insulin dependent diabetic pregnancies (IDDM) and in pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). |
| 841 | 1608023 | The UV glucose values of 1.9 +/- 0.9 mmol/L and UV insulin values of 8.0 +/- 1.8 mU/L were the lowest in IUGR pregnancies, and the highest were in UV serum from IDDM pregnancies, and the difference was statistically significant for this two groups. |
| 842 | 1608023 | IGF-I values in UV indicated that there was significant difference in IGF-I concentrations when both, IUGR and IDDM groups were compared to the controls. |
| 843 | 1608023 | It seems likely that changes in maternal serum, umbilical venous and amniotic fluid insulin-like growth factor I influence birthweight in normal and IUGR infants and in those of diabetic mothers. |
| 844 | 1610920 | To add new insights to the question, platelet membrane properties were evaluated in 16 women presenting impaired glucose tolerance at the 28-29th week of gestation (GDM) and in 8 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 15 healthy pregnant women (HPW) and 21 healthy non-pregnant (HNPW) women were the control group for GDM and IDDM, respectively. |
| 845 | 1610920 | Furthermore, both GDM and IDDM were on insulin therapy, therefore: (i) insulin may be the pathogenetic factor of higher intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations and lower Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity since they both varied accordingly in GDM and IDDM, but not of (ii) changes in Ca(2+)-ATPase, membrane fluidity and cholesterol content which did not vary accordingly in GDM and IDDM. |
| 846 | 1610920 | To add new insights to the question, platelet membrane properties were evaluated in 16 women presenting impaired glucose tolerance at the 28-29th week of gestation (GDM) and in 8 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 15 healthy pregnant women (HPW) and 21 healthy non-pregnant (HNPW) women were the control group for GDM and IDDM, respectively. |
| 847 | 1610920 | Furthermore, both GDM and IDDM were on insulin therapy, therefore: (i) insulin may be the pathogenetic factor of higher intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations and lower Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity since they both varied accordingly in GDM and IDDM, but not of (ii) changes in Ca(2+)-ATPase, membrane fluidity and cholesterol content which did not vary accordingly in GDM and IDDM. |
| 848 | 1611145 | The impact of metabolic control on the development of rapidly progressive severe retinopathy was studied in 14 young type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 849 | 1611145 | Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) levels 45 months prior to and 12 months after the diagnosis of retinopathy were compared with HbAlc levels in 17 type I IDDM patients with no or minimal background retinopathy, matched for age and duration of diabetes. |
| 850 | 1611145 | The impact of metabolic control on the development of rapidly progressive severe retinopathy was studied in 14 young type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 851 | 1611145 | Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) levels 45 months prior to and 12 months after the diagnosis of retinopathy were compared with HbAlc levels in 17 type I IDDM patients with no or minimal background retinopathy, matched for age and duration of diabetes. |
| 852 | 1612068 | With more physiologic insulin replacement and more accurate glucose monitoring, it was believed that very strict glycemic control of IDDM could be achieved without increasing the risks of hypoglycemia. |
| 853 | 1612192 | Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. |
| 854 | 1612192 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell protein, at least part of which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 855 | 1612192 | We determined the frequencies of antibodies to intact GAD, tryptic fragments of islet 64,000-M(r) antigen, islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in sera from 58 nondiabetic identical twins of patients with IDDM, of whom 12 subsequently developed diabetes. |
| 856 | 1612192 | Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. |
| 857 | 1612192 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell protein, at least part of which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 858 | 1612192 | We determined the frequencies of antibodies to intact GAD, tryptic fragments of islet 64,000-M(r) antigen, islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in sera from 58 nondiabetic identical twins of patients with IDDM, of whom 12 subsequently developed diabetes. |
| 859 | 1612192 | Antibodies to GAD and tryptic fragments of islet 64K antigen as distinct markers for development of IDDM. |
| 860 | 1612192 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell protein, at least part of which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 861 | 1612192 | We determined the frequencies of antibodies to intact GAD, tryptic fragments of islet 64,000-M(r) antigen, islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in sera from 58 nondiabetic identical twins of patients with IDDM, of whom 12 subsequently developed diabetes. |
| 862 | 1613115 | A cross-sectional study of health and adjustment among 18 to 22-year-old patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reported. |
| 863 | 1617857 | Insulin administered nasally has considerable potential for the treatment of both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes. |
| 864 | 1618597 | Recent evidence suggests that the class II molecule is involved in the generation of autoimmune disease, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 865 | 1620073 | [Growth hormone secretion in response to the administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 866 | 1620073 | In this study the Authors examined the response in growth hormone (GH) to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) administration in a group composed of 29 children (17 males, 12 females) suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (group 1). |
| 867 | 1621684 | We report the case of an elderly black woman with a 20-year history of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), chronic renal failure, hypertension, proliferative retinopathy, and classical histologic features of diabetic glomerulosclerosis on renal biopsy. |
| 868 | 1628464 | This case report of a child with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) describes a naturally occurring ABABCA design. |
| 869 | 1628762 | The frequency of gastric (H+, K(+)-ATPase) antibodies was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher in IDDM patients (10%, 47 of 449) than in patients with NIDDM (3%, 3 of 80) and unclassifiable diabetes (4%, 3 of 72). |
| 870 | 1634314 | We have carried out a comparison of the incidence of childhood onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between five populations around the Baltic Sea. |
| 871 | 1636696 | It is well known that inadequate insulin therapy stimulates body protein loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 872 | 1636696 | We used two measures of protein oxidation [daily urinary nitrogen (N) excretion over several days of intensive insulin therapy and plasma [1-13C]leucine oxidation during short-term strict euglycemia] to assess the response of 7 men with IDDM and 12 normal men after adaptation first to a control diet providing maintenance energy and conventional (surfeit) protein then to an isoenergetic protein-free diet. |
| 873 | 1636696 | Thus insulin therapy of IDDM that imposes strict euglycemia is compatible with a normal ability to diminish body protein oxidation in response to protein restriction. |
| 874 | 1636696 | It is well known that inadequate insulin therapy stimulates body protein loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 875 | 1636696 | We used two measures of protein oxidation [daily urinary nitrogen (N) excretion over several days of intensive insulin therapy and plasma [1-13C]leucine oxidation during short-term strict euglycemia] to assess the response of 7 men with IDDM and 12 normal men after adaptation first to a control diet providing maintenance energy and conventional (surfeit) protein then to an isoenergetic protein-free diet. |
| 876 | 1636696 | Thus insulin therapy of IDDM that imposes strict euglycemia is compatible with a normal ability to diminish body protein oxidation in response to protein restriction. |
| 877 | 1636696 | It is well known that inadequate insulin therapy stimulates body protein loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 878 | 1636696 | We used two measures of protein oxidation [daily urinary nitrogen (N) excretion over several days of intensive insulin therapy and plasma [1-13C]leucine oxidation during short-term strict euglycemia] to assess the response of 7 men with IDDM and 12 normal men after adaptation first to a control diet providing maintenance energy and conventional (surfeit) protein then to an isoenergetic protein-free diet. |
| 879 | 1636696 | Thus insulin therapy of IDDM that imposes strict euglycemia is compatible with a normal ability to diminish body protein oxidation in response to protein restriction. |
| 880 | 1637789 | To identify abnormalities of serum lipoprotein composition and concentration that were specific to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the procedure of discontinuous gradient ultracentrifugation was employed to isolate lipoprotein fractions in 44 patients with IDDM, 24 nondiabetic subjects with similar lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, and 19 healthy normocholesterolemic (less than 5.2 mmol/l [less than 200 mg/dl]) subjects. |
| 881 | 1638761 | Rapamycin prevents the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 882 | 1638777 | The efficacy and safety of lovastatin, a drug for lowering hypercholesterolemia, have been evaluated in ten adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nephrotic syndrome due to diabetic nephropathy stage IV or V of Mogensen. |
| 883 | 1639173 | These have been shown to ameliorate adjuvant arthritis in Lewis rats, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 884 | 1639934 | The dietary protein requirements of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are unknown. |
| 885 | 1640194 | Autonomic nervous function was evaluated in 36 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 39 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 48 control subjects, all without clinically evident cardiovascular disease. |
| 886 | 1640854 | The aim of this study was to determine the relative roles of changes in glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG) and insulin sensitivity (SI) on the impairment of glucose disposal caused by epinephrine (EPI) infusion in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 887 | 1640864 | We investigated the effect of plasma glucose fluctuation on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and plasma 1,5-anhydroglucitol (AG) levels, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 888 | 1640864 | The basic mechanisms underlying both the reduction and recovery of the plasma AG level, ie, the excretion into urine with glucosuria and the amount supplied to the body, were presumed to be similar in IDDM and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 889 | 1640864 | We investigated the effect of plasma glucose fluctuation on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and plasma 1,5-anhydroglucitol (AG) levels, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 890 | 1640864 | The basic mechanisms underlying both the reduction and recovery of the plasma AG level, ie, the excretion into urine with glucosuria and the amount supplied to the body, were presumed to be similar in IDDM and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 891 | 1643751 | The inbred nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops an autoimmune diabetes, which is now recognized as an experimental model for human type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 892 | 1643761 | The long-term results of outpatient management of subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are unknown. |
| 893 | 1651389 | The objective of this study was to evaluate the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function in a poorly controlled adult insulin-dependent diabetic patient (IDDM) with severe recurrent periodontitis, while describing the microbiological and clinical findings. |
| 894 | 1651389 | In addition, a significant (P less than .05) enhancement of IDDM PMN superoxide production in response to opsonized zymosan (cytochrome C reduction) was observed. |
| 895 | 1651389 | The objective of this study was to evaluate the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) function in a poorly controlled adult insulin-dependent diabetic patient (IDDM) with severe recurrent periodontitis, while describing the microbiological and clinical findings. |
| 896 | 1651389 | In addition, a significant (P less than .05) enhancement of IDDM PMN superoxide production in response to opsonized zymosan (cytochrome C reduction) was observed. |
| 897 | 1652786 | The study was performed to determine whether the regulation of mononuclear leukocyte beta-adrenergic receptors and responses was changed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 898 | 1652786 | This study demonstrates that IDDM subjects have an unaltered mechanism of agonist-promoted beta-adrenoceptor internalization, but indicates a partial dysfunction of the beta-adrenoceptor-coupling to adenylate cyclase. |
| 899 | 1652786 | The study was performed to determine whether the regulation of mononuclear leukocyte beta-adrenergic receptors and responses was changed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 900 | 1652786 | This study demonstrates that IDDM subjects have an unaltered mechanism of agonist-promoted beta-adrenoceptor internalization, but indicates a partial dysfunction of the beta-adrenoceptor-coupling to adenylate cyclase. |
| 901 | 1656517 | Dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases mononuclear cell proliferation and interleukin-1 beta content but not monokine secretion in healthy and insulin-dependent diabetic individuals. |
| 902 | 1656517 | The effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFA) on the proliferative response of PBMC and on the secretion of monokines and arachidonic acid metabolites from PBMC and monocytes (Mo) from healthy subjects and patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined. |
| 903 | 1656517 | IL-1 beta production and TNF-alpha secretion was determined before and after 7 weeks of treatment, and 10 weeks after withdrawal of treatment. |
| 904 | 1656517 | Significant increases in platelet and PBMC membrane eicosapentaenoic acid was found in omega-3-PUFA-treated individuals. omega-3-PUFA treatment significantly reduced the content of IL-1 beta in lysates of PBMC, but did not affect PBMC or Mo secretion of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or PBMC leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion in healthy subjects or in IDDM patients. |
| 905 | 1656517 | No correlation was found between PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation and PBMC secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. |
| 906 | 1656517 | There were no significant differences in the spontaneous or the PPD- or PHA-stimulated proliferative responses of PBMC between diabetic and healthy individuals at entry. |
| 907 | 1656517 | We conclude that although dietary supplementation with 4.0 g/day of omega-3-PUFA inhibits the proliferation of PBMC and reduces IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in PBMC and Mo, it does not alter monokine, PGE2 or LTB4, secretion in healthy or IDDM subjects. |
| 908 | 1656517 | Dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases mononuclear cell proliferation and interleukin-1 beta content but not monokine secretion in healthy and insulin-dependent diabetic individuals. |
| 909 | 1656517 | The effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFA) on the proliferative response of PBMC and on the secretion of monokines and arachidonic acid metabolites from PBMC and monocytes (Mo) from healthy subjects and patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined. |
| 910 | 1656517 | IL-1 beta production and TNF-alpha secretion was determined before and after 7 weeks of treatment, and 10 weeks after withdrawal of treatment. |
| 911 | 1656517 | Significant increases in platelet and PBMC membrane eicosapentaenoic acid was found in omega-3-PUFA-treated individuals. omega-3-PUFA treatment significantly reduced the content of IL-1 beta in lysates of PBMC, but did not affect PBMC or Mo secretion of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or PBMC leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion in healthy subjects or in IDDM patients. |
| 912 | 1656517 | No correlation was found between PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation and PBMC secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. |
| 913 | 1656517 | There were no significant differences in the spontaneous or the PPD- or PHA-stimulated proliferative responses of PBMC between diabetic and healthy individuals at entry. |
| 914 | 1656517 | We conclude that although dietary supplementation with 4.0 g/day of omega-3-PUFA inhibits the proliferation of PBMC and reduces IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in PBMC and Mo, it does not alter monokine, PGE2 or LTB4, secretion in healthy or IDDM subjects. |
| 915 | 1656517 | Dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases mononuclear cell proliferation and interleukin-1 beta content but not monokine secretion in healthy and insulin-dependent diabetic individuals. |
| 916 | 1656517 | The effects of dietary supplementation with omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFA) on the proliferative response of PBMC and on the secretion of monokines and arachidonic acid metabolites from PBMC and monocytes (Mo) from healthy subjects and patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined. |
| 917 | 1656517 | IL-1 beta production and TNF-alpha secretion was determined before and after 7 weeks of treatment, and 10 weeks after withdrawal of treatment. |
| 918 | 1656517 | Significant increases in platelet and PBMC membrane eicosapentaenoic acid was found in omega-3-PUFA-treated individuals. omega-3-PUFA treatment significantly reduced the content of IL-1 beta in lysates of PBMC, but did not affect PBMC or Mo secretion of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or PBMC leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion in healthy subjects or in IDDM patients. |
| 919 | 1656517 | No correlation was found between PHA-stimulated PBMC proliferation and PBMC secretion of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. |
| 920 | 1656517 | There were no significant differences in the spontaneous or the PPD- or PHA-stimulated proliferative responses of PBMC between diabetic and healthy individuals at entry. |
| 921 | 1656517 | We conclude that although dietary supplementation with 4.0 g/day of omega-3-PUFA inhibits the proliferation of PBMC and reduces IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in PBMC and Mo, it does not alter monokine, PGE2 or LTB4, secretion in healthy or IDDM subjects. |
| 922 | 1657673 | To do so, we applied the euglycemic and stepped hypoglycemic clamp techniques to patients with moderately controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the absence (n = 8) and presence (n = 9) of the nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. |
| 923 | 1658918 | Alterations in erythrocyte plasma membrane properties (enzymatic activities and membrane fluidity) have been observed in patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 924 | 1659172 | The metabolic effects of high-carbohydrate (70%), high-fiber (70 g) (HCHF) and low-carbohydrate (39%), low-fiber (10 g) (LCLF) diets were examined for 10 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 925 | 1659172 | These results suggest that in IDDM patients, HCHF diets enhance peripheral glucose disposal, decrease basal insulin requirements, and lower total cholesterol without altering glycemic control or triglycerides. |
| 926 | 1659172 | The metabolic effects of high-carbohydrate (70%), high-fiber (70 g) (HCHF) and low-carbohydrate (39%), low-fiber (10 g) (LCLF) diets were examined for 10 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 927 | 1659172 | These results suggest that in IDDM patients, HCHF diets enhance peripheral glucose disposal, decrease basal insulin requirements, and lower total cholesterol without altering glycemic control or triglycerides. |
| 928 | 1666347 | In view of the immune-mediated nature of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, 49 recently diagnosed diabetic patients were investigated in terms of serum 1,25-(OH)2D3-levels, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3(25-(OH)D3), alpha-MSH and ACTH, and compared with 42 healthy controls. |
| 929 | 1666347 | No difference was found in the mean and median values of alpha-MSH and ACTH between IDDM patients and controls, although patients exhibited much higher variation of alpha-MSH levels than did controls. |
| 930 | 1666359 | Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), hypothalamic hypogonadism and alopecia universalis occurred in a 31-year-old female with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 931 | 1666931 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (and binding affinities), measured with 125I-labelled pindolol, and isoproterenol-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation, in samples from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with diabetic autonomic neuropathy (n = 8), were no different from those in samples from patients with IDDM without neuropathy (n = 8), or from non-diabetic subjects (n = 8). |
| 932 | 1669846 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is generally believed to be an autoimmune disease resulting from T-cell dysfunction that produces beta-cell damage, but it is conceivable that some forms of IDDM are not immunologically mediated. |
| 933 | 1669846 | The effect of the expression of a foreign transgenic MHC class I antigen (H-2Kb), restricted to pancreatic islet beta-cells, was tested in vitro and in nude (athymic) mice to determine whether beta-cell dysfunction was due to non-immune mechanisms. |
| 934 | 1671848 | None of these alleles is associated with susceptibility to juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 935 | 1672001 | To assess how an isolated change in the pattern of care influences outcome of care and hospital use, a randomised prospective 2-year study was done in which 31 of 61 consecutive children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were admitted to hospital at disease onset for about a week and compared with the other 30 children who were admitted for about 4 weeks. |
| 936 | 1672728 | Autoimmunogenic HLA-DRB1*0301 allele (DR3) may be distinguished at the DRB1 non-coding regions of HLA-B8,DR3,Dw24 and B18,DR3,Dw25 haplotypes. |
| 937 | 1672728 | Both splits also distinguish each of the two DR3-bearing extended haplotypes (HLA-B8,SCO1,DR3,DQw2,Dw24 and B18,F1C30,DR3,DQw2,Dw25) found associated to several autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and myasthenia gravis. |
| 938 | 1672728 | IDDM and B8,DR3,Dw24 in North European/American Caucasoids vs IDDM and B18,DR3,Dw25 in Mediterraneans; SLE and B8,DR3,Dw24 in children vs SLE and B18,DR3,Dw25 in Spanish adults. |
| 939 | 1672728 | Autoimmunogenic HLA-DRB1*0301 allele (DR3) may be distinguished at the DRB1 non-coding regions of HLA-B8,DR3,Dw24 and B18,DR3,Dw25 haplotypes. |
| 940 | 1672728 | Both splits also distinguish each of the two DR3-bearing extended haplotypes (HLA-B8,SCO1,DR3,DQw2,Dw24 and B18,F1C30,DR3,DQw2,Dw25) found associated to several autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and myasthenia gravis. |
| 941 | 1672728 | IDDM and B8,DR3,Dw24 in North European/American Caucasoids vs IDDM and B18,DR3,Dw25 in Mediterraneans; SLE and B8,DR3,Dw24 in children vs SLE and B18,DR3,Dw25 in Spanish adults. |
| 942 | 1675054 | Severe insulin deficiency causes insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and substantial insulin excess causes hypoglycaemia. |
| 943 | 1676336 | An international symposium on diet as an environmental factor in development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was held in Ottawa, Ont., Canada, September 1989. |
| 944 | 1676336 | Circulating antibodies to dietary antigens such as bovine serum albumin and (crude) wheat gliadin may be elevated in diabetes-prone rodents and newly diagnosed patients, but their relationship to the pathogenesis of IDDM remains to be established. |
| 945 | 1676336 | An international symposium on diet as an environmental factor in development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was held in Ottawa, Ont., Canada, September 1989. |
| 946 | 1676336 | Circulating antibodies to dietary antigens such as bovine serum albumin and (crude) wheat gliadin may be elevated in diabetes-prone rodents and newly diagnosed patients, but their relationship to the pathogenesis of IDDM remains to be established. |
| 947 | 1676704 | It has been found that: 1) DQA2 (U allele) is not a susceptibility factor, 2) non-aspartic acid homozygosity in residue 57 (Asp 57 negative) of the DQ beta chains is positively correlated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 3) DQ beta Asp-57-negative and DQ alpha arginine-52-positive (Arg-52-positive) individuals are increased among diabetic patients; this latter analysis shows a higher etiologic fraction (delta) value than the one obtained when considering only homozygous DQ beta Asp-57-negative individuals. |
| 948 | 1676704 | These data do not discard the possibility that DR3/DR4 may contain the primary susceptibility factors. |
| 949 | 1676706 | We have investigated the genotype and allelic distribution of germline restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the T-cell receptor beta chain, segment C beta, and two variable segments which are in linkage disequilibrium, V beta 8 and V beta 11, in 42 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and in 51 healthy blood donors used as controls. |
| 950 | 1677834 | Abnormalities within CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes subsets in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. |
| 951 | 1677834 | Monoclonal antibodies labelled with various fluorochromes were used here to define the percentages of subsets, and especially to divide CD4+ (helper/inducer) and CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells into phenotypic subgroups. |
| 952 | 1677834 | Blood samples were analysed from 25 patients (age 10.1 +/- 3.7 years) with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 25 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 953 | 1677834 | The percentages of CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells described as naive T helper cells or suppressor/inducers were increased in the IDDM patients (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05. |
| 954 | 1677834 | The percentage of CD8+CD11b+ cells containing suppressor/effector lymphocytes was decreased in the IDDM patients as compared with the controls (P less than 0.01) but no significant difference was seen in total CD8+ cells. |
| 955 | 1677834 | Abnormalities within CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes subsets in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. |
| 956 | 1677834 | Monoclonal antibodies labelled with various fluorochromes were used here to define the percentages of subsets, and especially to divide CD4+ (helper/inducer) and CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells into phenotypic subgroups. |
| 957 | 1677834 | Blood samples were analysed from 25 patients (age 10.1 +/- 3.7 years) with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 25 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 958 | 1677834 | The percentages of CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells described as naive T helper cells or suppressor/inducers were increased in the IDDM patients (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05. |
| 959 | 1677834 | The percentage of CD8+CD11b+ cells containing suppressor/effector lymphocytes was decreased in the IDDM patients as compared with the controls (P less than 0.01) but no significant difference was seen in total CD8+ cells. |
| 960 | 1677834 | Abnormalities within CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes subsets in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. |
| 961 | 1677834 | Monoclonal antibodies labelled with various fluorochromes were used here to define the percentages of subsets, and especially to divide CD4+ (helper/inducer) and CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells into phenotypic subgroups. |
| 962 | 1677834 | Blood samples were analysed from 25 patients (age 10.1 +/- 3.7 years) with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 25 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 963 | 1677834 | The percentages of CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells described as naive T helper cells or suppressor/inducers were increased in the IDDM patients (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05. |
| 964 | 1677834 | The percentage of CD8+CD11b+ cells containing suppressor/effector lymphocytes was decreased in the IDDM patients as compared with the controls (P less than 0.01) but no significant difference was seen in total CD8+ cells. |
| 965 | 1679291 | Despite some reports of an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and a BglII RFLP in the T cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) constant region, results of several recent studies, including our own, have failed to support such an association. |
| 966 | 1679291 | Thus, there were significant interactions between TCRB, Gm, and IDDM for two of the four immunoglobulin allotypes examined. |
| 967 | 1679291 | We have previously reported interactions between HLA, Gm (particularly G2m(23)), and IDDM and postulate that the TCRB-Gm-IDDM and HLA-Gm-IDDM interaction effects may be functionally related. |
| 968 | 1679291 | Despite some reports of an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and a BglII RFLP in the T cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) constant region, results of several recent studies, including our own, have failed to support such an association. |
| 969 | 1679291 | Thus, there were significant interactions between TCRB, Gm, and IDDM for two of the four immunoglobulin allotypes examined. |
| 970 | 1679291 | We have previously reported interactions between HLA, Gm (particularly G2m(23)), and IDDM and postulate that the TCRB-Gm-IDDM and HLA-Gm-IDDM interaction effects may be functionally related. |
| 971 | 1679291 | Despite some reports of an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and a BglII RFLP in the T cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) constant region, results of several recent studies, including our own, have failed to support such an association. |
| 972 | 1679291 | Thus, there were significant interactions between TCRB, Gm, and IDDM for two of the four immunoglobulin allotypes examined. |
| 973 | 1679291 | We have previously reported interactions between HLA, Gm (particularly G2m(23)), and IDDM and postulate that the TCRB-Gm-IDDM and HLA-Gm-IDDM interaction effects may be functionally related. |
| 974 | 1679332 | Pancreatic T lymphocytes from NOD-Wehi mice, which have an incidence of spontaneous diabetes of less than 5%, had a CD4:CD8 ratio of 1.25 +/- 0.23 compared with 2.44 +/- 0.31 for peripheral blood lymphocytes. |
| 975 | 1679332 | After cyclophosphamide, the CD4:CD8 ratio of pancreatic lymphocytes increased to 2.30 +/- 0.24 at day 7. |
| 976 | 1679332 | T lymphocytes bearing IL-2 receptors increased two- to three-fold in number and their secretion of GM-CSF/IL-3 and IFN-gamma increased to a maximum on day 7. |
| 977 | 1679332 | Pancreatic insulin content and mRNA levels declined sharply between days 10 and 12, at which time the majority of pancreatic T lymphocytes in hyperglycaemic mice were CD8+ (CD4:CD8 ratio 0.63 +/- 0.04 compared to 4.14 +/- 1.05 in peripheral blood). |
| 978 | 1679332 | The pancreatic T lymphocyte CD4:CD8 ratio in prediabetic NOD-Lt mice, which have an incidence of spontaneous diabetes of about 60% at 150 days, was similar to that in untreated NOD-Wehi mice, but 25% of their pancreatic CD8 T lymphocytes were IL-2-receptor positive. |
| 979 | 1679332 | The earliest change after cyclophosphamide was an increase in activated, predominantly CD4+ T lymphocytes; with the development of beta cell destruction and hyperglycaemia, pancreatic T lymphocytes were, as in human IDDM, predominantly CD8+. |
| 980 | 1680241 | This was in agreement with previously published data in Caucasian and Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, while the significant increase in the frequency of the DQA1*0501 allele was comparable with that of Caucasian IDDM patients but contrasted with a decrease in this allele in Japanese IDDM patients. |
| 981 | 1680838 | Three groups of DR4 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from Chinese, Tunisian, and Caucasian populations were subtyped and the prevalence of subtype associations with IDDM was compared. |
| 982 | 1682194 | These characteristics closely resemble those of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 983 | 1682241 | The combination of the HLA complement allotypes BFS, C2C, C4AQ0 (deleted gene) and C4B1, termed SC01 complotype, usually present in the HLA-B8,DR3,DQw2 diabetogenic haplotype, has also been found in a novel "low frequency" HLA-B49,DR4,DQw8 haplotype associated with Spanish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 984 | 1682241 | On the other hand, HLA-B49,SC01,DR4 is the first DR4-bearing IDDM-susceptible haplotype with a deleted C4 gene described so far and the only DR4-bearing haplotype found in the Spanish population. |
| 985 | 1682241 | The combination of the HLA complement allotypes BFS, C2C, C4AQ0 (deleted gene) and C4B1, termed SC01 complotype, usually present in the HLA-B8,DR3,DQw2 diabetogenic haplotype, has also been found in a novel "low frequency" HLA-B49,DR4,DQw8 haplotype associated with Spanish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 986 | 1682241 | On the other hand, HLA-B49,SC01,DR4 is the first DR4-bearing IDDM-susceptible haplotype with a deleted C4 gene described so far and the only DR4-bearing haplotype found in the Spanish population. |
| 987 | 1684174 | In this study we report for the first time, the molecular analysis of HLA-DR and -DQ gene frequencies in a large cohort of well characterized type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 72), and ethnically matched controls (n = 59) collected in sub-Saharan Africa. |
| 988 | 1684890 | [Immunogenetic markers (BF, C2, C4, 21-OH, TNF alpha, TCR beta, Ig) and insulin-dependent diabetes in the Tunisian population: serological and molecular study]. |
| 989 | 1684890 | 48 Tunisian people suffering from the IDDM auto-immune disease were compared to 35 control healthy persons for the polymorphisms of the complement BF, C2 and C4 proteins and genes, of the IgG (Gm allotypes) as well as of the TNF alpha and TCR C beta genes. |
| 990 | 1685266 | Eighteen unrelated Chinese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed for HLA Class II genes using a variety of molecular biological techniques including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-ASO) and direct DNA sequencing. |
| 991 | 1685266 | The high frequency of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes found in the Chinese with IDDM strengthens the importance of this combination of haplotypes in IDDM susceptibility since it is present in two genetically distant populations--Chinese and Caucasians. |
| 992 | 1685266 | Eighteen unrelated Chinese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed for HLA Class II genes using a variety of molecular biological techniques including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-ASO) and direct DNA sequencing. |
| 993 | 1685266 | The high frequency of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes found in the Chinese with IDDM strengthens the importance of this combination of haplotypes in IDDM susceptibility since it is present in two genetically distant populations--Chinese and Caucasians. |
| 994 | 1686010 | The HLA of 56 unrelated Japanese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was investigated and reconfirmed their role in the pathogenesis by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 995 | 1686010 | Furthermore, several non-HLA genes, the polymorphism in the genes encoding the alpha (A), beta (B) and gamma (G) chains of the T-cell receptor (TCRA, TCRB and TCRG), insulin gene (INS) and three closely linked polymorphic genes on chromosome 11q23; Thy-1 (THY1), T3-D (CD3D) and c-ets proto oncogene (ETS1) were analyzed. |
| 996 | 1686010 | Only the EST1 gene showed a significant association with IDDM by AvaII-polymorphic fragment (P less than 0.03). |
| 997 | 1686010 | The HLA of 56 unrelated Japanese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was investigated and reconfirmed their role in the pathogenesis by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 998 | 1686010 | Furthermore, several non-HLA genes, the polymorphism in the genes encoding the alpha (A), beta (B) and gamma (G) chains of the T-cell receptor (TCRA, TCRB and TCRG), insulin gene (INS) and three closely linked polymorphic genes on chromosome 11q23; Thy-1 (THY1), T3-D (CD3D) and c-ets proto oncogene (ETS1) were analyzed. |
| 999 | 1686010 | Only the EST1 gene showed a significant association with IDDM by AvaII-polymorphic fragment (P less than 0.03). |
| 1000 | 1686679 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese. |
| 1001 | 1686679 | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1002 | 1686679 | Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. |
| 1003 | 1686679 | To address the question, we analyzed the DPB1 gene of 20 Japanese IDDM patients and 30 control subjects using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (PCR-RFLP method). |
| 1004 | 1686679 | There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. |
| 1005 | 1686679 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese. |
| 1006 | 1686679 | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1007 | 1686679 | Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. |
| 1008 | 1686679 | To address the question, we analyzed the DPB1 gene of 20 Japanese IDDM patients and 30 control subjects using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (PCR-RFLP method). |
| 1009 | 1686679 | There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. |
| 1010 | 1686679 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese. |
| 1011 | 1686679 | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1012 | 1686679 | Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. |
| 1013 | 1686679 | To address the question, we analyzed the DPB1 gene of 20 Japanese IDDM patients and 30 control subjects using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (PCR-RFLP method). |
| 1014 | 1686679 | There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. |
| 1015 | 1686679 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese. |
| 1016 | 1686679 | Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are candidates for susceptibility genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1017 | 1686679 | Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. |
| 1018 | 1686679 | To address the question, we analyzed the DPB1 gene of 20 Japanese IDDM patients and 30 control subjects using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis (PCR-RFLP method). |
| 1019 | 1686679 | There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. |
| 1020 | 1688068 | Some alleles of the HLA-DQB1 and DQA1 loci are preferentially associated with susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1021 | 1688167 | To see whether or not there is complement activation in patients with diabetes mellitus, we investigated the plasma concentrations of C4, C3, C4a, C3a and SC5b-9 in either juvenile or adult onset insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients at least 2 years after diagnosis. |
| 1022 | 1688167 | Anaphylatoxin peptide conversion product C4a, but not C3a, was found significantly higher in adult-onset IDDM patients than in patients with juvenile onset IDDM, NIDDM patients and age-matched controls. |
| 1023 | 1688167 | Complement activation did not appear to be correlated with the metabolic control, nor the duration of disease nor the presence of circulating antibodies (including islet cells (ICA), insulin (IA), thyroid microsomal (TMA), and thyroglobulin (TGA)). |
| 1024 | 1688167 | To see whether or not there is complement activation in patients with diabetes mellitus, we investigated the plasma concentrations of C4, C3, C4a, C3a and SC5b-9 in either juvenile or adult onset insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients at least 2 years after diagnosis. |
| 1025 | 1688167 | Anaphylatoxin peptide conversion product C4a, but not C3a, was found significantly higher in adult-onset IDDM patients than in patients with juvenile onset IDDM, NIDDM patients and age-matched controls. |
| 1026 | 1688167 | Complement activation did not appear to be correlated with the metabolic control, nor the duration of disease nor the presence of circulating antibodies (including islet cells (ICA), insulin (IA), thyroid microsomal (TMA), and thyroglobulin (TGA)). |
| 1027 | 1689697 | Enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes in newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 1028 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes, the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and of anti-insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens were studied in 32 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and in 12 healthy subjects. |
| 1029 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes ranged from 18% to 51.2% (mean 40.3 +/- 11%) in IDDM patients, whereas in NIDDM patients and in controls it ranged from 20% to 25.2%, (mean 21.3 +/- 4.1%) and from 16% to 24%, (mean 19.3 +/- 1.9%), respectively (P less than 0.01 vs. |
| 1030 | 1689697 | There was no correlation between a higher percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes and the presence of ICA and/or IAA, and their titres, and/or of any HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens. |
| 1031 | 1689697 | Thus, an enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes may be present in newly diagnosed IDDM patients; the possible role of this cell type in the pathogenesis of IDDM needs further investigation. |
| 1032 | 1689697 | Enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes in newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 1033 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes, the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and of anti-insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens were studied in 32 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and in 12 healthy subjects. |
| 1034 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes ranged from 18% to 51.2% (mean 40.3 +/- 11%) in IDDM patients, whereas in NIDDM patients and in controls it ranged from 20% to 25.2%, (mean 21.3 +/- 4.1%) and from 16% to 24%, (mean 19.3 +/- 1.9%), respectively (P less than 0.01 vs. |
| 1035 | 1689697 | There was no correlation between a higher percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes and the presence of ICA and/or IAA, and their titres, and/or of any HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens. |
| 1036 | 1689697 | Thus, an enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes may be present in newly diagnosed IDDM patients; the possible role of this cell type in the pathogenesis of IDDM needs further investigation. |
| 1037 | 1689697 | Enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes in newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 1038 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes, the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and of anti-insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens were studied in 32 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and in 12 healthy subjects. |
| 1039 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes ranged from 18% to 51.2% (mean 40.3 +/- 11%) in IDDM patients, whereas in NIDDM patients and in controls it ranged from 20% to 25.2%, (mean 21.3 +/- 4.1%) and from 16% to 24%, (mean 19.3 +/- 1.9%), respectively (P less than 0.01 vs. |
| 1040 | 1689697 | There was no correlation between a higher percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes and the presence of ICA and/or IAA, and their titres, and/or of any HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens. |
| 1041 | 1689697 | Thus, an enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes may be present in newly diagnosed IDDM patients; the possible role of this cell type in the pathogenesis of IDDM needs further investigation. |
| 1042 | 1689697 | Enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes in newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 1043 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes, the prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and of anti-insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens were studied in 32 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, in 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and in 12 healthy subjects. |
| 1044 | 1689697 | The percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes ranged from 18% to 51.2% (mean 40.3 +/- 11%) in IDDM patients, whereas in NIDDM patients and in controls it ranged from 20% to 25.2%, (mean 21.3 +/- 4.1%) and from 16% to 24%, (mean 19.3 +/- 1.9%), respectively (P less than 0.01 vs. |
| 1045 | 1689697 | There was no correlation between a higher percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes and the presence of ICA and/or IAA, and their titres, and/or of any HLA-A-B-C and DR antigens. |
| 1046 | 1689697 | Thus, an enhanced percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes may be present in newly diagnosed IDDM patients; the possible role of this cell type in the pathogenesis of IDDM needs further investigation. |
| 1047 | 1693451 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the balance between thrombin and plasmin activity in a group of 79 diabetic patients (IDDM and NIDDM). |
| 1048 | 1693451 | Moreover we investigated the behaviour of antithrombin III and alpha 2 antiplasmin, important inhibitors of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. |
| 1049 | 1693451 | Antithrombin III levels were not different from the controls and no correlation was found with Hb A1c. alpha 2 antiplasmin was found to be higher in IDDM when compared both with NIDDM and controls. |
| 1050 | 1693451 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the balance between thrombin and plasmin activity in a group of 79 diabetic patients (IDDM and NIDDM). |
| 1051 | 1693451 | Moreover we investigated the behaviour of antithrombin III and alpha 2 antiplasmin, important inhibitors of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. |
| 1052 | 1693451 | Antithrombin III levels were not different from the controls and no correlation was found with Hb A1c. alpha 2 antiplasmin was found to be higher in IDDM when compared both with NIDDM and controls. |
| 1053 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1054 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1055 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1056 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1057 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1058 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1059 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1060 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1061 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1062 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1063 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1064 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1065 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1066 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1067 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1068 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1069 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1070 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1071 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1072 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1073 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1074 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1075 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1076 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1077 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1078 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1079 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1080 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1081 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1082 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1083 | 1696864 | The peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy controls were analysed for the HLA-DR+, interleukin-2 receptor-positive (IL-2R+) activating antigens, and for CD45R+ and CDw29+ subsets from the purified CD4+ and CD8+ T cells populations. |
| 1084 | 1696864 | Patients with IDDM had an increased percentage of HLA-DR+ and IL-2R+ cells in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 1085 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 1086 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 1087 | 1696864 | In contrast, the percentage of CD8+ CDw29+ T cell subsets showed no major differences between patients with IDDM and controls. |
| 1088 | 1696864 | An alteration in the CD4+ CD45R+ and CD4+ CDw29+ T cell subsets appears to be a characteristic feature, and may relate to the impaired cell-mediated immunity in IDDM. |
| 1089 | 1697648 | The pancreatic islet beta-cell autoantigen of relative molecular mass 64,000 (64K), which is a major target of autoantibodies associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase, the biosynthesizing enzyme of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). |
| 1090 | 1698309 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be pathogenetically important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is associated with genes of the HLA region. |
| 1091 | 1698309 | Since a regulatory role of HLA region genes on monokine production may exist, we looked for an association between the monokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responses of monocytes (Mo) from 20 healthy males (18-50 years) with HLA-DR types relevant for IDDM susceptibility and resistance (DR1,2, DR1,3, DR1,4, DR3,4). |
| 1092 | 1698309 | Monokine assays were established and evaluated and the secretions of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE2 measured in Mo cultures (2h, 6h, 20h) prepared by endotoxin-free techniques and stimulated by low-dose E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). |
| 1093 | 1698309 | In the HLA class III region a diallelic TNF-beta gene NcoI polymorphism consisting of alleles of 5.5 kb and 10.5 kb was recently described and associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases including IDDM. |
| 1094 | 1698309 | We report that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous healthy individuals were significantly higher than for TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygotes. |
| 1095 | 1698309 | IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from males (18-35 years) with newly diagnosed (n = 10) and long-standing IDDM (n = 10) and from age- and HLA-DR-matched healthy males (n = 10) were studied. |
| 1096 | 1698309 | LPS, gamma interferon (IFN), and TNF-alpha-stimulated Mo cultures were investigated. |
| 1097 | 1698309 | IFN (1000 U/ml) in the presence of LPS significantly potentiated LPS-stimulated Mo TNF-alpha secretion and reduced the levels of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in Mo lysates. |
| 1098 | 1698309 | IFN and TNF-alpha did not have any effects on LPS-stimulated Mo secretion of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity. |
| 1099 | 1698309 | We conclude that Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production is normal in patients with recent-onset and long-standing IDDM. |
| 1100 | 1698309 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be pathogenetically important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is associated with genes of the HLA region. |
| 1101 | 1698309 | Since a regulatory role of HLA region genes on monokine production may exist, we looked for an association between the monokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responses of monocytes (Mo) from 20 healthy males (18-50 years) with HLA-DR types relevant for IDDM susceptibility and resistance (DR1,2, DR1,3, DR1,4, DR3,4). |
| 1102 | 1698309 | Monokine assays were established and evaluated and the secretions of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE2 measured in Mo cultures (2h, 6h, 20h) prepared by endotoxin-free techniques and stimulated by low-dose E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). |
| 1103 | 1698309 | In the HLA class III region a diallelic TNF-beta gene NcoI polymorphism consisting of alleles of 5.5 kb and 10.5 kb was recently described and associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases including IDDM. |
| 1104 | 1698309 | We report that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous healthy individuals were significantly higher than for TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygotes. |
| 1105 | 1698309 | IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from males (18-35 years) with newly diagnosed (n = 10) and long-standing IDDM (n = 10) and from age- and HLA-DR-matched healthy males (n = 10) were studied. |
| 1106 | 1698309 | LPS, gamma interferon (IFN), and TNF-alpha-stimulated Mo cultures were investigated. |
| 1107 | 1698309 | IFN (1000 U/ml) in the presence of LPS significantly potentiated LPS-stimulated Mo TNF-alpha secretion and reduced the levels of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in Mo lysates. |
| 1108 | 1698309 | IFN and TNF-alpha did not have any effects on LPS-stimulated Mo secretion of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity. |
| 1109 | 1698309 | We conclude that Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production is normal in patients with recent-onset and long-standing IDDM. |
| 1110 | 1698309 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be pathogenetically important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is associated with genes of the HLA region. |
| 1111 | 1698309 | Since a regulatory role of HLA region genes on monokine production may exist, we looked for an association between the monokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responses of monocytes (Mo) from 20 healthy males (18-50 years) with HLA-DR types relevant for IDDM susceptibility and resistance (DR1,2, DR1,3, DR1,4, DR3,4). |
| 1112 | 1698309 | Monokine assays were established and evaluated and the secretions of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE2 measured in Mo cultures (2h, 6h, 20h) prepared by endotoxin-free techniques and stimulated by low-dose E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). |
| 1113 | 1698309 | In the HLA class III region a diallelic TNF-beta gene NcoI polymorphism consisting of alleles of 5.5 kb and 10.5 kb was recently described and associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases including IDDM. |
| 1114 | 1698309 | We report that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous healthy individuals were significantly higher than for TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygotes. |
| 1115 | 1698309 | IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from males (18-35 years) with newly diagnosed (n = 10) and long-standing IDDM (n = 10) and from age- and HLA-DR-matched healthy males (n = 10) were studied. |
| 1116 | 1698309 | LPS, gamma interferon (IFN), and TNF-alpha-stimulated Mo cultures were investigated. |
| 1117 | 1698309 | IFN (1000 U/ml) in the presence of LPS significantly potentiated LPS-stimulated Mo TNF-alpha secretion and reduced the levels of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in Mo lysates. |
| 1118 | 1698309 | IFN and TNF-alpha did not have any effects on LPS-stimulated Mo secretion of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity. |
| 1119 | 1698309 | We conclude that Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production is normal in patients with recent-onset and long-standing IDDM. |
| 1120 | 1698309 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be pathogenetically important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is associated with genes of the HLA region. |
| 1121 | 1698309 | Since a regulatory role of HLA region genes on monokine production may exist, we looked for an association between the monokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responses of monocytes (Mo) from 20 healthy males (18-50 years) with HLA-DR types relevant for IDDM susceptibility and resistance (DR1,2, DR1,3, DR1,4, DR3,4). |
| 1122 | 1698309 | Monokine assays were established and evaluated and the secretions of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE2 measured in Mo cultures (2h, 6h, 20h) prepared by endotoxin-free techniques and stimulated by low-dose E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). |
| 1123 | 1698309 | In the HLA class III region a diallelic TNF-beta gene NcoI polymorphism consisting of alleles of 5.5 kb and 10.5 kb was recently described and associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases including IDDM. |
| 1124 | 1698309 | We report that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous healthy individuals were significantly higher than for TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygotes. |
| 1125 | 1698309 | IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from males (18-35 years) with newly diagnosed (n = 10) and long-standing IDDM (n = 10) and from age- and HLA-DR-matched healthy males (n = 10) were studied. |
| 1126 | 1698309 | LPS, gamma interferon (IFN), and TNF-alpha-stimulated Mo cultures were investigated. |
| 1127 | 1698309 | IFN (1000 U/ml) in the presence of LPS significantly potentiated LPS-stimulated Mo TNF-alpha secretion and reduced the levels of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in Mo lysates. |
| 1128 | 1698309 | IFN and TNF-alpha did not have any effects on LPS-stimulated Mo secretion of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity. |
| 1129 | 1698309 | We conclude that Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production is normal in patients with recent-onset and long-standing IDDM. |
| 1130 | 1698309 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be pathogenetically important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is associated with genes of the HLA region. |
| 1131 | 1698309 | Since a regulatory role of HLA region genes on monokine production may exist, we looked for an association between the monokine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) responses of monocytes (Mo) from 20 healthy males (18-50 years) with HLA-DR types relevant for IDDM susceptibility and resistance (DR1,2, DR1,3, DR1,4, DR3,4). |
| 1132 | 1698309 | Monokine assays were established and evaluated and the secretions of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and PGE2 measured in Mo cultures (2h, 6h, 20h) prepared by endotoxin-free techniques and stimulated by low-dose E. coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). |
| 1133 | 1698309 | In the HLA class III region a diallelic TNF-beta gene NcoI polymorphism consisting of alleles of 5.5 kb and 10.5 kb was recently described and associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases including IDDM. |
| 1134 | 1698309 | We report that IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous healthy individuals were significantly higher than for TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygotes. |
| 1135 | 1698309 | IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha responses of Mo from males (18-35 years) with newly diagnosed (n = 10) and long-standing IDDM (n = 10) and from age- and HLA-DR-matched healthy males (n = 10) were studied. |
| 1136 | 1698309 | LPS, gamma interferon (IFN), and TNF-alpha-stimulated Mo cultures were investigated. |
| 1137 | 1698309 | IFN (1000 U/ml) in the presence of LPS significantly potentiated LPS-stimulated Mo TNF-alpha secretion and reduced the levels of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity in Mo lysates. |
| 1138 | 1698309 | IFN and TNF-alpha did not have any effects on LPS-stimulated Mo secretion of IL-1 beta immunoreactivity. |
| 1139 | 1698309 | We conclude that Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha production is normal in patients with recent-onset and long-standing IDDM. |
| 1140 | 1698582 | To investigate the target antigen(s) recognized during the autoimmune process in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we produced human monoclonal antibodies by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a large number (n = 50) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 1141 | 1698597 | We describe herein complement-fixing anti-adrenal medullary (CF-ADM) and anti-sympathetic ganglia (CF-SG) antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1142 | 1698675 | The relevance of these beta-cell epitopes to human insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) was demonstrated by the differential ability of human serums from control and diabetic children to displace the radiolabeled MoAbs from the RIN5F cells. |
| 1143 | 1704123 | We assessed the heterogeneity in the islet cell cytoplasmic antibody (ICA) response of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients via indirect immunofluorescence on frozen sections of human, bovine, and porcine pancreas. |
| 1144 | 1707018 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats develop spontaneous autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1145 | 1707018 | Diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats that are depleted of RT6+ T lymphocytes also become diabetic and provide an additional model of IDDM. |
| 1146 | 1707018 | We report that diabetes in DR rats depleted of RT6+ T lymphocytes is prevented by the concomitant depletion of either the CD5+ or the CD8+ population. |
| 1147 | 1707018 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats develop spontaneous autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1148 | 1707018 | Diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats that are depleted of RT6+ T lymphocytes also become diabetic and provide an additional model of IDDM. |
| 1149 | 1707018 | We report that diabetes in DR rats depleted of RT6+ T lymphocytes is prevented by the concomitant depletion of either the CD5+ or the CD8+ population. |
| 1150 | 1710739 | The more hyperglycemic untreated NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patient have mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia due to decreased adipose tissue and muscle lipoprotein lipase, (LPL) activity. |
| 1151 | 1710739 | The central, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue in IDDM is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and the above lipoprotein abnormalities. |
| 1152 | 1710739 | The more hyperglycemic untreated NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patient have mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia due to decreased adipose tissue and muscle lipoprotein lipase, (LPL) activity. |
| 1153 | 1710739 | The central, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue in IDDM is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and the above lipoprotein abnormalities. |
| 1154 | 1710745 | The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is markedly increased in both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 1155 | 1718325 | Milk proteins in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1156 | 1718325 | The etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is multifactorial. |
| 1157 | 1718325 | Milk proteins in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1158 | 1718325 | The etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is multifactorial. |
| 1159 | 1718800 | CD5+ B lymphocytes in high-risk islet cell antibody-positive and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects. |
| 1160 | 1718800 | We measured the percentages of B lymphocytes that expressed the CD5 determinant in 93 control subjects (age range 1 day to 59 yr, mean +/- 22.6 +/- 17.7 yr), 17 subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; range 5-29 yr, mean +/- SD 13 +/- 5.9 yr), 31 high-risk islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic subjects (range 4-45 yr, mean +/- SD 19.8 +/- 14.1 yr), and 13 subjects with IDDM of greater than 5 yr duration (range 10-43 yr, mean +/- SD 24.2 +/- 9.9 yr). |
| 1161 | 1718800 | In ICA+ nondiabetic and recent-onset IDDM subjects less than 29 yr of age, the percentage of circulating CD5+ B lymphocytes fell within the 95% confidence intervals established for control subjects. |
| 1162 | 1718800 | However, the age-dependent rate of decline in the percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes within the control range was slower in ICA+ and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects than in control subjects. |
| 1163 | 1718800 | CD5+ B lymphocytes in high-risk islet cell antibody-positive and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects. |
| 1164 | 1718800 | We measured the percentages of B lymphocytes that expressed the CD5 determinant in 93 control subjects (age range 1 day to 59 yr, mean +/- 22.6 +/- 17.7 yr), 17 subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; range 5-29 yr, mean +/- SD 13 +/- 5.9 yr), 31 high-risk islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic subjects (range 4-45 yr, mean +/- SD 19.8 +/- 14.1 yr), and 13 subjects with IDDM of greater than 5 yr duration (range 10-43 yr, mean +/- SD 24.2 +/- 9.9 yr). |
| 1165 | 1718800 | In ICA+ nondiabetic and recent-onset IDDM subjects less than 29 yr of age, the percentage of circulating CD5+ B lymphocytes fell within the 95% confidence intervals established for control subjects. |
| 1166 | 1718800 | However, the age-dependent rate of decline in the percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes within the control range was slower in ICA+ and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects than in control subjects. |
| 1167 | 1718800 | CD5+ B lymphocytes in high-risk islet cell antibody-positive and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects. |
| 1168 | 1718800 | We measured the percentages of B lymphocytes that expressed the CD5 determinant in 93 control subjects (age range 1 day to 59 yr, mean +/- 22.6 +/- 17.7 yr), 17 subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; range 5-29 yr, mean +/- SD 13 +/- 5.9 yr), 31 high-risk islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic subjects (range 4-45 yr, mean +/- SD 19.8 +/- 14.1 yr), and 13 subjects with IDDM of greater than 5 yr duration (range 10-43 yr, mean +/- SD 24.2 +/- 9.9 yr). |
| 1169 | 1718800 | In ICA+ nondiabetic and recent-onset IDDM subjects less than 29 yr of age, the percentage of circulating CD5+ B lymphocytes fell within the 95% confidence intervals established for control subjects. |
| 1170 | 1718800 | However, the age-dependent rate of decline in the percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes within the control range was slower in ICA+ and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects than in control subjects. |
| 1171 | 1718800 | CD5+ B lymphocytes in high-risk islet cell antibody-positive and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects. |
| 1172 | 1718800 | We measured the percentages of B lymphocytes that expressed the CD5 determinant in 93 control subjects (age range 1 day to 59 yr, mean +/- 22.6 +/- 17.7 yr), 17 subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; range 5-29 yr, mean +/- SD 13 +/- 5.9 yr), 31 high-risk islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic subjects (range 4-45 yr, mean +/- SD 19.8 +/- 14.1 yr), and 13 subjects with IDDM of greater than 5 yr duration (range 10-43 yr, mean +/- SD 24.2 +/- 9.9 yr). |
| 1173 | 1718800 | In ICA+ nondiabetic and recent-onset IDDM subjects less than 29 yr of age, the percentage of circulating CD5+ B lymphocytes fell within the 95% confidence intervals established for control subjects. |
| 1174 | 1718800 | However, the age-dependent rate of decline in the percentage of CD5+ B lymphocytes within the control range was slower in ICA+ and newly diagnosed IDDM subjects than in control subjects. |
| 1175 | 1722364 | Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Stiff-Man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1176 | 1722364 | It is also a putative signal molecule in the pancreas, where it is produced by beta cells (insulin-secreting cells)--the autoimmune target in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1177 | 1722364 | Autoantibodies to the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been found in SMS and in IDDM. |
| 1178 | 1722364 | This review summarizes evidence suggesting that SMS may be an autoimmune disease and discusses the possible significance of the autoimmune response to GAD in SMS and IDDM. |
| 1179 | 1722364 | Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Stiff-Man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1180 | 1722364 | It is also a putative signal molecule in the pancreas, where it is produced by beta cells (insulin-secreting cells)--the autoimmune target in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1181 | 1722364 | Autoantibodies to the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been found in SMS and in IDDM. |
| 1182 | 1722364 | This review summarizes evidence suggesting that SMS may be an autoimmune disease and discusses the possible significance of the autoimmune response to GAD in SMS and IDDM. |
| 1183 | 1722364 | Autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Stiff-Man syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1184 | 1722364 | It is also a putative signal molecule in the pancreas, where it is produced by beta cells (insulin-secreting cells)--the autoimmune target in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1185 | 1722364 | Autoantibodies to the GABA-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) have been found in SMS and in IDDM. |
| 1186 | 1722364 | This review summarizes evidence suggesting that SMS may be an autoimmune disease and discusses the possible significance of the autoimmune response to GAD in SMS and IDDM. |
| 1187 | 1723835 | Any increase in GH secretion in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might be expected to lead to further insulin resistance and metabolic disturbance. |
| 1188 | 1723835 | Despite the high incidence of delayed growth in IDDM, the relationship between GH, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) has not been clearly established. |
| 1189 | 1723835 | In conclusion, well controlled adolescents with IDDM show persisting abnormalities of GH, beta-hydroxybutyrate and IGF-I despite normoglycaemia. |
| 1190 | 1723835 | Any increase in GH secretion in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might be expected to lead to further insulin resistance and metabolic disturbance. |
| 1191 | 1723835 | Despite the high incidence of delayed growth in IDDM, the relationship between GH, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) has not been clearly established. |
| 1192 | 1723835 | In conclusion, well controlled adolescents with IDDM show persisting abnormalities of GH, beta-hydroxybutyrate and IGF-I despite normoglycaemia. |
| 1193 | 1723835 | Any increase in GH secretion in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might be expected to lead to further insulin resistance and metabolic disturbance. |
| 1194 | 1723835 | Despite the high incidence of delayed growth in IDDM, the relationship between GH, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) has not been clearly established. |
| 1195 | 1723835 | In conclusion, well controlled adolescents with IDDM show persisting abnormalities of GH, beta-hydroxybutyrate and IGF-I despite normoglycaemia. |
| 1196 | 1727730 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves the destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 1197 | 1727731 | T-lymphocyte lines specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the 64K beta-cell antigen of IDDM. |
| 1198 | 1727731 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is viewed as a thymus-dependent autoimmune disease, although the specific beta-cell autoantigen or autoantigens remain unknown. |
| 1199 | 1727731 | In this study, we describe the isolation of GAD-specific T-lymphocyte lines from BB rats, an animal model of IDDM. |
| 1200 | 1727731 | GAD-specific T lymphocytes were obtained by culture with interleukin 2 and repeated stimulation with GAD in the presence of BB rat thymic antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1201 | 1727731 | Four stable, CD4+, MHC (RT1u)-restricted T-lymphocyte lines were isolated. |
| 1202 | 1727731 | They proliferate selectively in the presence of GAD and secrete interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma. |
| 1203 | 1727731 | T-lymphocyte lines specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the 64K beta-cell antigen of IDDM. |
| 1204 | 1727731 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is viewed as a thymus-dependent autoimmune disease, although the specific beta-cell autoantigen or autoantigens remain unknown. |
| 1205 | 1727731 | In this study, we describe the isolation of GAD-specific T-lymphocyte lines from BB rats, an animal model of IDDM. |
| 1206 | 1727731 | GAD-specific T lymphocytes were obtained by culture with interleukin 2 and repeated stimulation with GAD in the presence of BB rat thymic antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1207 | 1727731 | Four stable, CD4+, MHC (RT1u)-restricted T-lymphocyte lines were isolated. |
| 1208 | 1727731 | They proliferate selectively in the presence of GAD and secrete interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma. |
| 1209 | 1727731 | T-lymphocyte lines specific for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the 64K beta-cell antigen of IDDM. |
| 1210 | 1727731 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is viewed as a thymus-dependent autoimmune disease, although the specific beta-cell autoantigen or autoantigens remain unknown. |
| 1211 | 1727731 | In this study, we describe the isolation of GAD-specific T-lymphocyte lines from BB rats, an animal model of IDDM. |
| 1212 | 1727731 | GAD-specific T lymphocytes were obtained by culture with interleukin 2 and repeated stimulation with GAD in the presence of BB rat thymic antigen-presenting cells. |
| 1213 | 1727731 | Four stable, CD4+, MHC (RT1u)-restricted T-lymphocyte lines were isolated. |
| 1214 | 1727731 | They proliferate selectively in the presence of GAD and secrete interleukin 2 and interferon-gamma. |
| 1215 | 1727733 | Pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in IDDM. |
| 1216 | 1727733 | In poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hyperglycemia fails to inhibit the pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). |
| 1217 | 1727733 | GRF 1-40 was administered to nine poorly controlled IDDM subjects (HbA1 greater than 11.1%) with and without concomitant infusion of insulin. |
| 1218 | 1727733 | In the absence of insulin, the poorly controlled IDDM subjects demonstrated a growth hormone response to GRF similar to that of nondiabetic subjects, despite marked hyperglycemia (approximately 16.8 mM). |
| 1219 | 1727733 | When insulin was infused into these same patients (insulin clamp) to produce combined hyperinsulinemia (528 +/- 90 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.5 +/- 1.98 mM), the GRF-induced growth hormone rise was markedly exaggerated (65 +/- 11 vs. 20 +/- 4 micrograms/L without insulin infusion, P less than 0.001). |
| 1220 | 1727733 | This enhancement of GRF-stimulated growth hormone release by insulin was strikingly attenuated (22 +/- 7 micrograms/L) in five well-controlled diabetic subjects studied under conditions of similar hyperinsulinemia (486 +/- 84 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.41 +/- 0.95 mM). |
| 1221 | 1727733 | The paradoxical stimulatory effect of insulin on GRF-induced growth hormone release may contribute to the high spontaneous growth hormone levels characteristically seen in poorly controlled insulin-treated patients, and its attenuation after intensive insulin therapy may contribute to the reversal of growth hormone hypersecretion in well-controlled diabetic patients. |
| 1222 | 1727733 | Pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in IDDM. |
| 1223 | 1727733 | In poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hyperglycemia fails to inhibit the pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). |
| 1224 | 1727733 | GRF 1-40 was administered to nine poorly controlled IDDM subjects (HbA1 greater than 11.1%) with and without concomitant infusion of insulin. |
| 1225 | 1727733 | In the absence of insulin, the poorly controlled IDDM subjects demonstrated a growth hormone response to GRF similar to that of nondiabetic subjects, despite marked hyperglycemia (approximately 16.8 mM). |
| 1226 | 1727733 | When insulin was infused into these same patients (insulin clamp) to produce combined hyperinsulinemia (528 +/- 90 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.5 +/- 1.98 mM), the GRF-induced growth hormone rise was markedly exaggerated (65 +/- 11 vs. 20 +/- 4 micrograms/L without insulin infusion, P less than 0.001). |
| 1227 | 1727733 | This enhancement of GRF-stimulated growth hormone release by insulin was strikingly attenuated (22 +/- 7 micrograms/L) in five well-controlled diabetic subjects studied under conditions of similar hyperinsulinemia (486 +/- 84 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.41 +/- 0.95 mM). |
| 1228 | 1727733 | The paradoxical stimulatory effect of insulin on GRF-induced growth hormone release may contribute to the high spontaneous growth hormone levels characteristically seen in poorly controlled insulin-treated patients, and its attenuation after intensive insulin therapy may contribute to the reversal of growth hormone hypersecretion in well-controlled diabetic patients. |
| 1229 | 1727733 | Pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in IDDM. |
| 1230 | 1727733 | In poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hyperglycemia fails to inhibit the pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). |
| 1231 | 1727733 | GRF 1-40 was administered to nine poorly controlled IDDM subjects (HbA1 greater than 11.1%) with and without concomitant infusion of insulin. |
| 1232 | 1727733 | In the absence of insulin, the poorly controlled IDDM subjects demonstrated a growth hormone response to GRF similar to that of nondiabetic subjects, despite marked hyperglycemia (approximately 16.8 mM). |
| 1233 | 1727733 | When insulin was infused into these same patients (insulin clamp) to produce combined hyperinsulinemia (528 +/- 90 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.5 +/- 1.98 mM), the GRF-induced growth hormone rise was markedly exaggerated (65 +/- 11 vs. 20 +/- 4 micrograms/L without insulin infusion, P less than 0.001). |
| 1234 | 1727733 | This enhancement of GRF-stimulated growth hormone release by insulin was strikingly attenuated (22 +/- 7 micrograms/L) in five well-controlled diabetic subjects studied under conditions of similar hyperinsulinemia (486 +/- 84 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.41 +/- 0.95 mM). |
| 1235 | 1727733 | The paradoxical stimulatory effect of insulin on GRF-induced growth hormone release may contribute to the high spontaneous growth hormone levels characteristically seen in poorly controlled insulin-treated patients, and its attenuation after intensive insulin therapy may contribute to the reversal of growth hormone hypersecretion in well-controlled diabetic patients. |
| 1236 | 1727733 | Pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in IDDM. |
| 1237 | 1727733 | In poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hyperglycemia fails to inhibit the pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). |
| 1238 | 1727733 | GRF 1-40 was administered to nine poorly controlled IDDM subjects (HbA1 greater than 11.1%) with and without concomitant infusion of insulin. |
| 1239 | 1727733 | In the absence of insulin, the poorly controlled IDDM subjects demonstrated a growth hormone response to GRF similar to that of nondiabetic subjects, despite marked hyperglycemia (approximately 16.8 mM). |
| 1240 | 1727733 | When insulin was infused into these same patients (insulin clamp) to produce combined hyperinsulinemia (528 +/- 90 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.5 +/- 1.98 mM), the GRF-induced growth hormone rise was markedly exaggerated (65 +/- 11 vs. 20 +/- 4 micrograms/L without insulin infusion, P less than 0.001). |
| 1241 | 1727733 | This enhancement of GRF-stimulated growth hormone release by insulin was strikingly attenuated (22 +/- 7 micrograms/L) in five well-controlled diabetic subjects studied under conditions of similar hyperinsulinemia (486 +/- 84 pM) and hyperglycemia (16.41 +/- 0.95 mM). |
| 1242 | 1727733 | The paradoxical stimulatory effect of insulin on GRF-induced growth hormone release may contribute to the high spontaneous growth hormone levels characteristically seen in poorly controlled insulin-treated patients, and its attenuation after intensive insulin therapy may contribute to the reversal of growth hormone hypersecretion in well-controlled diabetic patients. |
| 1243 | 1727738 | NOD mice develop spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with infiltration of pancreatic islets with mononuclear cells. |
| 1244 | 1733800 | This article presents a model for the HLA effect in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is almost the mirror image of a model suggested by Nepom. |
| 1245 | 1733800 | I suggest that the HLA alleles negatively associated with IDDM (e.g., DR2 and DQw1) produce products with high affinity for certain beta-cell peptide or peptides needed to establish and maintain tolerance to beta-cells, whereas the alleles that are common in IDDM (e.g., DR3, DR4, and DQw8) produce products that have low affinity for the tolerogenic peptide or peptides or that bind the peptide or peptides in the wrong orientation or configuration for establishing tolerance. |
| 1246 | 1733800 | This article presents a model for the HLA effect in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is almost the mirror image of a model suggested by Nepom. |
| 1247 | 1733800 | I suggest that the HLA alleles negatively associated with IDDM (e.g., DR2 and DQw1) produce products with high affinity for certain beta-cell peptide or peptides needed to establish and maintain tolerance to beta-cells, whereas the alleles that are common in IDDM (e.g., DR3, DR4, and DQw8) produce products that have low affinity for the tolerogenic peptide or peptides or that bind the peptide or peptides in the wrong orientation or configuration for establishing tolerance. |
| 1248 | 1733806 | The effect of acute hyperglycemia on glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles was assessed during replacement insulin infusion in 11 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1249 | 1733807 | A DNA cloning approach was taken to identify islet cell protein antigens that are recognized specifically by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sera. |
| 1250 | 1733811 | We tested the hypothesis that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria are hypersensitive to vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine (NE). |
| 1251 | 1733814 | Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in circulating mononuclear cells from nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 1252 | 1733814 | The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate glucose transport and its regulation by insulin in easily accessible human cells, 2) to investigate the glucose transporter isoforms involved, and 3) to establish whether a defect in glucose transport is associated with peripheral insulin resistance, which is common in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1253 | 1733814 | Cytochalasin B-inhibitable 2-DG uptake (basal and insulin stimulated) was higher in control than in IDDM subjects (P less than 0.001). |
| 1254 | 1733814 | Basal and insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake was similar for adults and children with IDDM and did not correlate with age or body mass index in any group or disease duration, insulin dosage, or HbA1c in IDDM. |
| 1255 | 1733814 | Immunoblotting with specific antibodies revealed that circulating mononuclear cells and separated monocytes express the GLUT1 but not the GLUT4 isoform of the glucose transporter. |
| 1256 | 1733814 | Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in circulating mononuclear cells from nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 1257 | 1733814 | The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate glucose transport and its regulation by insulin in easily accessible human cells, 2) to investigate the glucose transporter isoforms involved, and 3) to establish whether a defect in glucose transport is associated with peripheral insulin resistance, which is common in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1258 | 1733814 | Cytochalasin B-inhibitable 2-DG uptake (basal and insulin stimulated) was higher in control than in IDDM subjects (P less than 0.001). |
| 1259 | 1733814 | Basal and insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake was similar for adults and children with IDDM and did not correlate with age or body mass index in any group or disease duration, insulin dosage, or HbA1c in IDDM. |
| 1260 | 1733814 | Immunoblotting with specific antibodies revealed that circulating mononuclear cells and separated monocytes express the GLUT1 but not the GLUT4 isoform of the glucose transporter. |
| 1261 | 1733814 | Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in circulating mononuclear cells from nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 1262 | 1733814 | The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate glucose transport and its regulation by insulin in easily accessible human cells, 2) to investigate the glucose transporter isoforms involved, and 3) to establish whether a defect in glucose transport is associated with peripheral insulin resistance, which is common in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1263 | 1733814 | Cytochalasin B-inhibitable 2-DG uptake (basal and insulin stimulated) was higher in control than in IDDM subjects (P less than 0.001). |
| 1264 | 1733814 | Basal and insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake was similar for adults and children with IDDM and did not correlate with age or body mass index in any group or disease duration, insulin dosage, or HbA1c in IDDM. |
| 1265 | 1733814 | Immunoblotting with specific antibodies revealed that circulating mononuclear cells and separated monocytes express the GLUT1 but not the GLUT4 isoform of the glucose transporter. |
| 1266 | 1733814 | Insulin-stimulated glucose transport in circulating mononuclear cells from nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 1267 | 1733814 | The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate glucose transport and its regulation by insulin in easily accessible human cells, 2) to investigate the glucose transporter isoforms involved, and 3) to establish whether a defect in glucose transport is associated with peripheral insulin resistance, which is common in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1268 | 1733814 | Cytochalasin B-inhibitable 2-DG uptake (basal and insulin stimulated) was higher in control than in IDDM subjects (P less than 0.001). |
| 1269 | 1733814 | Basal and insulin-stimulated 2-DG uptake was similar for adults and children with IDDM and did not correlate with age or body mass index in any group or disease duration, insulin dosage, or HbA1c in IDDM. |
| 1270 | 1733814 | Immunoblotting with specific antibodies revealed that circulating mononuclear cells and separated monocytes express the GLUT1 but not the GLUT4 isoform of the glucose transporter. |
| 1271 | 1736045 | Insulin-mediated glucose disposal was studied immediately prior to and following moderate hypoglycemia in nondiabetic subjects and subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the latter having varying epinephrine secretory capacities. |
| 1272 | 1743213 | The histological development of coeliac disease has been documented in a child with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1273 | 1746252 | In order to screen for fetal neural tube defects and chromosome abnormalities, amniocentesis was carried out in 334 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between 1979 and 1987. |
| 1274 | 1747949 | We have recently reported that systemic and chronic administration of recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as streptococcal preparation (OK-432), inhibits development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice and BB rats, models of IDDM. |
| 1275 | 1747949 | In this study we examined whether serum containing endogenous TNF induced by OK-432 injection could inhibit IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 1276 | 1747949 | Treatment twice a week from 4 weeks of age with OK-432-injected mouse serum, which contained endogenous TNF (75U), but not IL-1, IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) activity, reduced the intensity of insulitis and significantly inhibited the cumulative incidence of diabetes by 28 weeks of age in NOD mice, as compared with the incidence in non-treated mice (P less than 0.01) and in mice treated with control serum (P less than 0.02). |
| 1277 | 1747949 | The results indicate that the inhibition by OK-432 treatment of IDDM in NOD mice was partially mediated by serum factors including endogenous TNF. |
| 1278 | 1747949 | We have recently reported that systemic and chronic administration of recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as streptococcal preparation (OK-432), inhibits development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice and BB rats, models of IDDM. |
| 1279 | 1747949 | In this study we examined whether serum containing endogenous TNF induced by OK-432 injection could inhibit IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 1280 | 1747949 | Treatment twice a week from 4 weeks of age with OK-432-injected mouse serum, which contained endogenous TNF (75U), but not IL-1, IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) activity, reduced the intensity of insulitis and significantly inhibited the cumulative incidence of diabetes by 28 weeks of age in NOD mice, as compared with the incidence in non-treated mice (P less than 0.01) and in mice treated with control serum (P less than 0.02). |
| 1281 | 1747949 | The results indicate that the inhibition by OK-432 treatment of IDDM in NOD mice was partially mediated by serum factors including endogenous TNF. |
| 1282 | 1747949 | We have recently reported that systemic and chronic administration of recombinant tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), as well as streptococcal preparation (OK-432), inhibits development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice and BB rats, models of IDDM. |
| 1283 | 1747949 | In this study we examined whether serum containing endogenous TNF induced by OK-432 injection could inhibit IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 1284 | 1747949 | Treatment twice a week from 4 weeks of age with OK-432-injected mouse serum, which contained endogenous TNF (75U), but not IL-1, IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) activity, reduced the intensity of insulitis and significantly inhibited the cumulative incidence of diabetes by 28 weeks of age in NOD mice, as compared with the incidence in non-treated mice (P less than 0.01) and in mice treated with control serum (P less than 0.02). |
| 1285 | 1747949 | The results indicate that the inhibition by OK-432 treatment of IDDM in NOD mice was partially mediated by serum factors including endogenous TNF. |
| 1286 | 1748053 | In this article, we analyze the blood pressure (BP) threshold for the start of antihypertensive treatment in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, with particular emphasis on those with persistent microalbuminuria or proteinuria (incipient and overt nephropathy, respectively). |
| 1287 | 1748053 | In microalbuminuric IDDM patients, MAP values between approximately 105 and approximately 95 mmHg have been found in different studies, and the level has progressively decreased in various studies between 1984 and 1990 with similar BP-measuring techniques. |
| 1288 | 1748053 | In this article, we analyze the blood pressure (BP) threshold for the start of antihypertensive treatment in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, with particular emphasis on those with persistent microalbuminuria or proteinuria (incipient and overt nephropathy, respectively). |
| 1289 | 1748053 | In microalbuminuric IDDM patients, MAP values between approximately 105 and approximately 95 mmHg have been found in different studies, and the level has progressively decreased in various studies between 1984 and 1990 with similar BP-measuring techniques. |
| 1290 | 1748058 | One thousand two hundred seventy-seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 3463 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), aged 35-55 yr at baseline, from 10 centers throughout the world were evaluated. |
| 1291 | 1749202 | We analyzed zinc levels in plasma and urine after an intravenous overload of zinc sulphate (8 mg) in 22 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 22 healthy individuals. |
| 1292 | 1751505 | The present report describes our experience with 16 adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; Type I) who switched from two injections of insulin per day to the NovolinPen and four insulin injections a day. |
| 1293 | 1753955 | Class II HLA molecules are the most useful markers for susceptibility to different autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). |
| 1294 | 1754724 | The aim of this work was to establish a system which allows characterization of relevant autoantigens in spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 1295 | 1755006 | In the present paper we investigated binding of and sensitivity to PGI2 of platelets from insulin dependent (IDDM) (n = 9), non insulin dependent (NIDDM) (n = 8) diabetics and two groups of ten healthy subjects of equivalent age in relation to platelet lipidic content. |
| 1296 | 1756904 | HLA-DQB1 alleles and absence of Asp 57 as susceptibility factors of IDDM in Finland. |
| 1297 | 1756904 | It has been proposed that negatively charged aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta-chain determines resistance to development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas genetic susceptibility to IDDM correlates with a neutral amino acid residue. |
| 1298 | 1756904 | HLA-DQB1 alleles and absence of Asp 57 as susceptibility factors of IDDM in Finland. |
| 1299 | 1756904 | It has been proposed that negatively charged aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta-chain determines resistance to development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas genetic susceptibility to IDDM correlates with a neutral amino acid residue. |
| 1300 | 1756908 | Offspring of women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a significantly lower risk of IDDM than the offspring of men with IDDM. |
| 1301 | 1757272 | The gene for glyoxalase I (E.C. 4.4.1.5), Glo, has two alleles, Glo1 and Glo2, which are autosomally inherited in a co-dominant manner. |
| 1302 | 1757272 | There was no correlation between Glo1 frequency and incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1303 | 1770018 | Glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: no evidence for enhanced activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. |
| 1304 | 1770018 | Glomerular hyperfiltration is a characteristic functional abnormality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. |
| 1305 | 1770018 | Supine and ambulant plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone were measured in ten IDDM patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in ten IDDM patients with elevated GFR and in ten nondiabetic controls. |
| 1306 | 1770018 | These results suggest that in insulin-dependent diabetes the glomerular hyperfiltration is not causally related to hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. |
| 1307 | 1770018 | Glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: no evidence for enhanced activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. |
| 1308 | 1770018 | Glomerular hyperfiltration is a characteristic functional abnormality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain controversial. |
| 1309 | 1770018 | Supine and ambulant plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone were measured in ten IDDM patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in ten IDDM patients with elevated GFR and in ten nondiabetic controls. |
| 1310 | 1770018 | These results suggest that in insulin-dependent diabetes the glomerular hyperfiltration is not causally related to hyperactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. |
| 1311 | 1770025 | The differences in deranged renal hemodynamics in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have never been fully investigated. |
| 1312 | 1770020 | Risk factors for retardation of renal function in 22 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were studied and compared with those in 16 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1313 | 1770020 | There was no significant difference in the rate of decline in levels of fasting blood glucose and HbA1, in IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 1314 | 1770020 | Risk factors for retardation of renal function in 22 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were studied and compared with those in 16 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1315 | 1770020 | There was no significant difference in the rate of decline in levels of fasting blood glucose and HbA1, in IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 1316 | 1773025 | Effects of metformin on haemorheology, lipid parameters and insulin resistance in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 1317 | 1773711 | Recently, there have been reports on a diminished awareness of hypoglycaemia after a switch from purified pork insulin (PPI) to human insulin (HI) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1318 | 1773714 | The interference of background characteristics with quality of life and metabolic control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined. |
| 1319 | 1774018 | Eight male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without residual beta-cell function were studied on two occasions in random order. |
| 1320 | 1774018 | Plasma levels of free insulin were almost identical during the two experiments indicating that insulin clearance is not influenced by hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 1321 | 1774018 | Eight male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without residual beta-cell function were studied on two occasions in random order. |
| 1322 | 1774018 | Plasma levels of free insulin were almost identical during the two experiments indicating that insulin clearance is not influenced by hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 1323 | 1777555 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in association with marked insulitis in the islet of Langerhans. |
| 1324 | 1777977 | Serum IgA concentration was negatively correlated with serum albumin, and among IDDM patients was positively correlated with age (so that the prevalence of abnormal IgA was 57.7% among IDDM patients aged over 30 years). |
| 1325 | 1778111 | Heterogeneity within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been hypothesized, but few studies have focused on differences which may exist between familial and sporadic IDDM cases. |
| 1326 | 1778111 | Familial cases were older (10.2 +/- 5.1 years vs 7.9 +/- 4.2 years, P = 0.010) and had, on average, less severe metabolic disturbances at presentation, as demonstrated by lower mean hemoglobin A1 (12.6 +/- 2.4% vs 14.4 +/- 2.6%, P = 0.001) and mean insulin dose at discharge (0.62 +/- 0.35 U/kg/day vs 0.85 +/- 0.29 U/kg/day, P less than 0.001), and higher mean plasma bicarbonate concentrations (19.3 +/- 3.9 mmol/l vs 15.8 +/- 5.9 mmol/l, P = 0.023) and mean plasma C-peptide levels (0.35 +/- 0.36 pmol/ml vs 0.14 +/- 0.15 pmol/ml, P less than 0.001). |
| 1327 | 1778668 | The tear turnover was determined by fluorophotometry in 25 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without retinopathy and 29 IDDM patients with (pre-)proliferative retinopathy. |
| 1328 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1329 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1330 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1331 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1332 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1333 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1334 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1335 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1336 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1337 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1338 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1339 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1340 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1341 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1342 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1343 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1344 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1345 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1346 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1347 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1348 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1349 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1350 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1351 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1352 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1353 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1354 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1355 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1356 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1357 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1358 | 1779020 | Little information is available on glucose and energy metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients receiving immunosuppression after kidney transplantation. |
| 1359 | 1779020 | We therefore measured insulin sensitivity (euglycemic insulin clamp in combination with indirect calorimetry and infusion of tritiated glucose) in (a) eight steroid-treated IDDM patients after kidney transplantation, (b) ten IDDM patients without nephropathy, (c) ten nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation, and (d) ten healthy control subjects. |
| 1360 | 1779020 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was reduced in transplanted and non-transplanted IDDM patients and nondiabetic transplanted patients versus healthy controls (6.6 +/- 0.8, 5.7 +/- 0.7, and 7.5 +/- 0.6 versus 9.3 +/- 0.6 mg/kg LBM.min; p less than 0.05). |
| 1361 | 1779020 | It is concluded that IDDM patients without nephropathy show both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. |
| 1362 | 1779020 | In IDDM patients a further increase of insulin resistance caused by treatment with corticosteroids can be corrected by increased insulin doses. |
| 1363 | 1779020 | However, nondiabetic steroid-treated renal graft recipients show insulin resistance comparable to IDDM patients. |
| 1364 | 1783573 | DR4-related autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are virtually unknown in indigenous populations of Australia and Oceania and this study confirmed that high-risk RA determinants, Dw4 and Dw14, occurred rarely. |
| 1365 | 1784779 | Thirty-one diabetic subjects, 19 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 40.5 +/- 14.0 years, 17 of whom were insulin dependent (IDDM) and 14 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) treated with insulin and diet, were followed for a period of six months. |
| 1366 | 1785155 | One hundred and eight practices felt the same way about their insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1367 | 1785335 | The subjects were 12 boys and 36 girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1368 | 1786627 | Familial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) epidemiology: standardization of data for the DIAMOND Project. |
| 1369 | 1786627 | The WHO Multinational Project for Childhood Diabetes, known as the DIAMOND Project, has been responsible for establishing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registries and for carrying out diabetes incidence studies, descriptive epidemiological research, and analytical investigations which are being used to test specific hypotheses regarding the etiology of the disease. |
| 1370 | 1786627 | Familial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) epidemiology: standardization of data for the DIAMOND Project. |
| 1371 | 1786627 | The WHO Multinational Project for Childhood Diabetes, known as the DIAMOND Project, has been responsible for establishing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registries and for carrying out diabetes incidence studies, descriptive epidemiological research, and analytical investigations which are being used to test specific hypotheses regarding the etiology of the disease. |
| 1372 | 1788104 | The Authors report the results of a retrospective study aimed to assess the clinical and biochemical parameters of a series of patients suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who came out their regular follow up. 90 patients (44 males, 46 females; IDDM mean duration 10.51 yrs) who came out follow-up between 1978-1988, were evaluated by a multiple choice questionnaire. |
| 1373 | 1793613 | Impaired insulin mediated potassium uptake in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1374 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated decrease in serum potassium (K+) and in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was evaluated in 20 adolescents with IDDM and 10 matched controls during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (1.7 mU/kg/min)-euglycemic clamp study. |
| 1375 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated glucose disposal rate was lower in IDDM compared with controls (37.4 +/- 3.2 vs 63.8 +/- 5.4 mumol/kg/min, P less than 0.001). |
| 1376 | 1793613 | These results indicate that adolescents with IDDM are resistant to the ability of insulin to stimulate in vivo K+ uptake and to suppress proteolysis. |
| 1377 | 1793613 | Impaired insulin mediated potassium uptake in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1378 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated decrease in serum potassium (K+) and in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was evaluated in 20 adolescents with IDDM and 10 matched controls during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (1.7 mU/kg/min)-euglycemic clamp study. |
| 1379 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated glucose disposal rate was lower in IDDM compared with controls (37.4 +/- 3.2 vs 63.8 +/- 5.4 mumol/kg/min, P less than 0.001). |
| 1380 | 1793613 | These results indicate that adolescents with IDDM are resistant to the ability of insulin to stimulate in vivo K+ uptake and to suppress proteolysis. |
| 1381 | 1793613 | Impaired insulin mediated potassium uptake in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1382 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated decrease in serum potassium (K+) and in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was evaluated in 20 adolescents with IDDM and 10 matched controls during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (1.7 mU/kg/min)-euglycemic clamp study. |
| 1383 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated glucose disposal rate was lower in IDDM compared with controls (37.4 +/- 3.2 vs 63.8 +/- 5.4 mumol/kg/min, P less than 0.001). |
| 1384 | 1793613 | These results indicate that adolescents with IDDM are resistant to the ability of insulin to stimulate in vivo K+ uptake and to suppress proteolysis. |
| 1385 | 1793613 | Impaired insulin mediated potassium uptake in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1386 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated decrease in serum potassium (K+) and in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was evaluated in 20 adolescents with IDDM and 10 matched controls during a 3-h hyperinsulinemic (1.7 mU/kg/min)-euglycemic clamp study. |
| 1387 | 1793613 | Insulin-mediated glucose disposal rate was lower in IDDM compared with controls (37.4 +/- 3.2 vs 63.8 +/- 5.4 mumol/kg/min, P less than 0.001). |
| 1388 | 1793613 | These results indicate that adolescents with IDDM are resistant to the ability of insulin to stimulate in vivo K+ uptake and to suppress proteolysis. |
| 1389 | 1797022 | Interleukin-1 beta regulation of islet and thyroid autoimmunity in the BB rat. |
| 1390 | 1797022 | Daily injections of high dose human recombinant interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) accelerated the onset of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and lymphocytic thyroiditis in genetically prone BB rats. |
| 1391 | 1797022 | Since low dose IL-1 beta protects diabetes-prone rats from IDDM, we conclude that IL-1 beta is a potent modulator of autoimmune diabetes and thyroid disease in genetically susceptible rats. |
| 1392 | 1799919 | The counterregulatory hormone responses to semisynthetic human insulin and purified porcine insulin were compared in 20 healthy volunteers (ten men and ten women) and 16 patients (8 men and 8 women) with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1393 | 1799919 | These findings suggest that hormonal response to and awareness of hypoglycemia are similar in healthy subjects and patients with IDDM following administration of human and porcine insulin and that hormonal responses in men and women should be studied separately to avoid confusion in interpreting results arising from differences in sex. |
| 1394 | 1799919 | The counterregulatory hormone responses to semisynthetic human insulin and purified porcine insulin were compared in 20 healthy volunteers (ten men and ten women) and 16 patients (8 men and 8 women) with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1395 | 1799919 | These findings suggest that hormonal response to and awareness of hypoglycemia are similar in healthy subjects and patients with IDDM following administration of human and porcine insulin and that hormonal responses in men and women should be studied separately to avoid confusion in interpreting results arising from differences in sex. |
| 1396 | 1803588 | The level of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb AIc), the concentration of glycosylated proteins in red blood cell membranes (GPCM), and fructosamine were measured in patients with different carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities (glucose tolerance test disorders, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus/IDDM/). |
| 1397 | 1810880 | In the present study, there was statistically a significant trend of higher insulin antibody binding levels in IDDM patients who developed retinopathy. |
| 1398 | 1810880 | Though there was a trend of higher insulin antibody in IDDM patients with retinopathy, there was no association between insulin antibody and HLA antigen which some authors have reported. |
| 1399 | 1810880 | In the present study, there was statistically a significant trend of higher insulin antibody binding levels in IDDM patients who developed retinopathy. |
| 1400 | 1810880 | Though there was a trend of higher insulin antibody in IDDM patients with retinopathy, there was no association between insulin antibody and HLA antigen which some authors have reported. |
| 1401 | 1812896 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) detected by an immuno-trapping enzyme activity assay: relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and islet cell antibodies. |
| 1402 | 1812896 | It has recently been proposed that the islet 64,000 Mr protein autoantigen (64K) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 1403 | 1812896 | We evaluated, by means of a newly developed immunotrapping enzyme activity assay (ITEAA), the prevalence of circulating GAD-autoantibodies (Ab) in a large population of IDDM patients (n = 168), blood donors (n = 87) and non-diabetic autoimmune patients (n = 40). |
| 1404 | 1812896 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) detected by an immuno-trapping enzyme activity assay: relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and islet cell antibodies. |
| 1405 | 1812896 | It has recently been proposed that the islet 64,000 Mr protein autoantigen (64K) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 1406 | 1812896 | We evaluated, by means of a newly developed immunotrapping enzyme activity assay (ITEAA), the prevalence of circulating GAD-autoantibodies (Ab) in a large population of IDDM patients (n = 168), blood donors (n = 87) and non-diabetic autoimmune patients (n = 40). |
| 1407 | 1815450 | One is a rare case of McCune-Albright's syndrome with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 9 other patients have IDDM. |
| 1408 | 1817671 | The present work evaluates some aspects of the redox potential in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1409 | 1823250 | Forty-one simplex and 6 multiplex families of Brazilian IDDM patients were studied by the indirect immunofluorescence technique to determine the prevalence of the following autoantibodies: islet cells (ICA), islet cells which fix complement (ICA-CF), thyroid microsomes (TMA), thyroglobulin (TGA), and gastric-parietal cells (PCA). |
| 1410 | 1826185 | In the first study described in this investigation, hypertensive subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had an elevated Na+/Li+ countertransport activity were found to have a lower whole body glucose utilization, a lower insulin-stimulated forearm carbohydrate oxidation, larger ultrasound kidney volume, and increased left ventricular mass index when compared with hypertensive IDDM subjects with a normal Na+/Li+ countertransport activity or normotensive IDDM subjects. |
| 1411 | 1826185 | Thus doxazosin could be considered a useful antihypertensive agent in hypertensive patients with IDDM who are insulin-resistant and who have renal and cardiac abnormalities. |
| 1412 | 1826185 | In the first study described in this investigation, hypertensive subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had an elevated Na+/Li+ countertransport activity were found to have a lower whole body glucose utilization, a lower insulin-stimulated forearm carbohydrate oxidation, larger ultrasound kidney volume, and increased left ventricular mass index when compared with hypertensive IDDM subjects with a normal Na+/Li+ countertransport activity or normotensive IDDM subjects. |
| 1413 | 1826185 | Thus doxazosin could be considered a useful antihypertensive agent in hypertensive patients with IDDM who are insulin-resistant and who have renal and cardiac abnormalities. |
| 1414 | 1828030 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a relevant model for studying human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1415 | 1831890 | Type I diabetes mellitus, also called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or IDDM, is a significant chronic condition with implications for dental treatment. |
| 1416 | 1838174 | The purpose of the study was to bring to light autoimmune reactions in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with regard to different tissue autoantigens as well as to reveal association between changes in cellular reactions and molecular structure of circulating immune complexes. |
| 1417 | 1838403 | We hypothesized that moderate insulin deficiency exacerbated by the insulin resistance, which is characteristic of NIDDM, would cause changes in mitochondrial anion transporter function that were similar to those we have previously shown to occur in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (i.e., IDDM; type 1 diabetes) (Arch. |
| 1418 | 1840966 | The two most common forms of diabetes are insulin dependent (IDDM) and noninsulin dependent (NIDDM). |
| 1419 | 1840967 | Goals for insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) differ due to the underlying pathophysiology of the conditions. |
| 1420 | 1842601 | It was found that the maximum number of patients with retinopathy were in their 5th and 6th decade and that retinopathy was more common in Non Insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM) than Insulin dependent Diabetics (IDDM). |
| 1421 | 1843298 | [The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the population under 30 resident in the city of Turin]. |
| 1422 | 1852097 | In order to address the hypothesis that coxsackievirus B5 is a cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the incidence of IDDM was examined following an epidemic of coxsackievirus B5 in Jefferson County, Alabama. |
| 1423 | 1856246 | We report results from 120 (25- to 34-year-old) participants in a neuropathy substudy of subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) taking part in a cohort follow-up study. |
| 1424 | 1860558 | Although we can now identify some nondiabetic individuals who will subsequently develop clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), our ability to predict subsequent clinical IDDM is far from perfect. |
| 1425 | 1860557 | Importance of insulin in subjective, cognitive, and hormonal responses to hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 1426 | 1860557 | Nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participated in three hyperinsulinemic glucose-clamp studies. |
| 1427 | 1860557 | Importance of insulin in subjective, cognitive, and hormonal responses to hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 1428 | 1860557 | Nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participated in three hyperinsulinemic glucose-clamp studies. |
| 1429 | 1860560 | The P300 wave latency, an endogenous electrophysiological event, was explored and compared with the multimodal short-latency evoked potential (EP) recordings (visual [VEP], brainstem auditory [BAEP], and median and tibial nerve somatosensory EPs [mSEP and tSEP, respectively]) and psychometric test measures in 16 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, in 16 age- and (IDDM) sex-matched nondiabetic subjects, and in a large normal reference population. |
| 1430 | 1862693 | Plasma lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (apo) were analysed in 30 young Arab IDDM and 50 young insulin-requiring NIDDM women. |
| 1431 | 1865079 | Islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were investigated by an ELISA method using a commercial kit in 146 subjects with and without islet cell antibodies (ICA): 28 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 24 with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 22 first-degree relatives (FDR) of IDDM patients, 31 organ-specific autoimmune patients (OSAP), 21 nonautoimmune hospitalized patients (NAP), and 20 ICA-negative normal controls. |
| 1432 | 1865159 | Intensified conventional insulin treatment retards the microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): the Stockholm Diabetes Intervention Study (SDIS) after 5 years. |
| 1433 | 1865159 | Ninety-six patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-proliferative retinopathy were randomized to intensified conventional treatment (ICT) (n = 44) or regular treatment (RT) (n = 52), and followed up for 5 years. |
| 1434 | 1865159 | Intensified conventional insulin treatment retards the microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): the Stockholm Diabetes Intervention Study (SDIS) after 5 years. |
| 1435 | 1865159 | Ninety-six patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-proliferative retinopathy were randomized to intensified conventional treatment (ICT) (n = 44) or regular treatment (RT) (n = 52), and followed up for 5 years. |
| 1436 | 1871764 | Analysis of HLA-DQB1 alleles in DR4+ Addison's patients with diabetes mellitus (N = 6) and without IDDM (14 of 18 individuals tested) revealed that the HLA-DQw8 allele (DQB1*0302) was significantly increased in AD patients with IDDM (chi 2 = 13.5; p = 0.001); conversely, a clustering of the HLA-DQw7 allele was detected in DR4+ Addison's patients without IDDM. |
| 1437 | 1874938 | To define the kinetic mechanisms of insulin resistance (IR) in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), we studied seven control (C) and five IDDM (glycohemoglobin, 14 +/- 2+) men matched for age (36 +/- 2 vs. 37 +/- 3 yr), lean body mass (59 +/- 2 vs. 58 +/- 3 kg), and leg volume (mean +/- SEM, 10.4 +/- 0.3 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.5 L). |
| 1438 | 1874938 | Thus, in IDDM 1) decreased glucose uptake is due to reduced skeletal muscle glucose uptake; 2) muscle glucose extraction is normal, but blood flow is reduced; and thus, 3) in IDDM, IR is due to reduced glucose and insulin delivery (blood flow) to skeletal muscle. |
| 1439 | 1874938 | To define the kinetic mechanisms of insulin resistance (IR) in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), we studied seven control (C) and five IDDM (glycohemoglobin, 14 +/- 2+) men matched for age (36 +/- 2 vs. 37 +/- 3 yr), lean body mass (59 +/- 2 vs. 58 +/- 3 kg), and leg volume (mean +/- SEM, 10.4 +/- 0.3 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.5 L). |
| 1440 | 1874938 | Thus, in IDDM 1) decreased glucose uptake is due to reduced skeletal muscle glucose uptake; 2) muscle glucose extraction is normal, but blood flow is reduced; and thus, 3) in IDDM, IR is due to reduced glucose and insulin delivery (blood flow) to skeletal muscle. |
| 1441 | 1879303 | In a study of 'native' Indians, we screened 102 non-proteinuric diabetes mellitus patients (64 NIDDM, 38 IDDM; mean age and diabetic duration 48.7 and 6.5 years, 21.6 and 6.2 years, respectively) with blood pressure less than or equal to 170/105 and without congestive heart failure, ketonuria or urinary tract infection, for the presence of microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate greater than 20 micrograms/min). |
| 1442 | 1882012 | We hypothesized that differential housing, shown to influence emotionality and health in infectious and neoplastic disease, would influence onset/incidence of diabetes in an autoimmune animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1443 | 1884876 | The effect of bromhexine on albumin excretion in insulin dependent diabetes. |
| 1444 | 1884876 | The effect of the mucolytic agent bromhexine, 72 mg daily for one month, on albumin excretion in insulin dependent diabetes was investigated in a double-blind, randomised, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. |
| 1445 | 1884876 | We conclude that bromhexine 72 mg daily for 1 month had no effect on albumin excretion in IDDM patients with normal and pathological albuminuria. |
| 1446 | 1889348 | Use of human ultralente as the basal insulin component in treatment of patients with IDDM. |
| 1447 | 1889350 | There were only 20 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), prevalence 0.07 per 1000 inhabitants. |
| 1448 | 1890017 | To ascertain why HLA-DR2 seems to confer only a moderate resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the high-incidence population of Sardinia, Italy, 32 families having one individual affected with IDDM (the proband) and 31 families without IDDM history were randomly selected from the same geographical area and serologically and molecularly HLA typed. |
| 1449 | 1890017 | However, a stratified analysis performed by removing the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes showed that the frequency of this haplotype is significantly increased in IDDM patients. |
| 1450 | 1890017 | To ascertain why HLA-DR2 seems to confer only a moderate resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the high-incidence population of Sardinia, Italy, 32 families having one individual affected with IDDM (the proband) and 31 families without IDDM history were randomly selected from the same geographical area and serologically and molecularly HLA typed. |
| 1451 | 1890017 | However, a stratified analysis performed by removing the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes showed that the frequency of this haplotype is significantly increased in IDDM patients. |
| 1452 | 1892469 | A major component of inherited susceptibility to IDDM is associated with one or more loci in the MHC. |
| 1453 | 1895671 | After infusion of streptozotocin, the IDDM rats were separated into two groups: untreated IDDM group of rats and IDDM rats treated with insulin at doses sufficient to normalize blood glucose (Ultralente, 2 to 8 IU/day). |
| 1454 | 1895671 | GFR of both time controls and the insulin-treated IDDM rats did not significantly vary during the time of the study. |
| 1455 | 1895671 | After infusion of streptozotocin, the IDDM rats were separated into two groups: untreated IDDM group of rats and IDDM rats treated with insulin at doses sufficient to normalize blood glucose (Ultralente, 2 to 8 IU/day). |
| 1456 | 1895671 | GFR of both time controls and the insulin-treated IDDM rats did not significantly vary during the time of the study. |
| 1457 | 1895962 | To determine the effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on bone mass, we compared the trabecular and cortical bone density in lumbar vertebrae, measured by quantitative computed tomography (CT), in 48 white diabetic patients (23 females, 25 males; 5.2 to 19.6 years of age) with those of a control group of 48 healthy subjects, matched for race, sex, and age. |
| 1458 | 1896073 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 1459 | 1896094 | Twenty-three normoalbuminuric (N) and 7 microalbuminuric (M) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were studied under (near) normoglycaemic conditions. |
| 1460 | 1897062 | A population of 185 type 1 diabetes patients (insulin-dependent, IDDM), 25-45 years old, was studied retro- and prospectively over a 9-year period with the aim of analysing background factors of importance for the ability to perform adequate self-care. |
| 1461 | 1899431 | Essential role for interferon-gamma and interleukin-6 in autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes in NOD/Wehi mice. |
| 1462 | 1899431 | Experimental studies in vitro suggest that cytokines are important mediators in the pathogenesis of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1463 | 1899431 | To address this question, we used the model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced autoimmune diabetes in the NOD/Wehi mouse to examine for (a) the production of IFN-gamma and IL-6 from isolated islets, and (b) the effect of anti IFN-gamma or anti IL-6 monoclonal antibodies on the development of diabetes. |
| 1464 | 1899431 | Mice given either anti-IFN-gamma or anti-IL-6 antibody had a significantly reduced (P less than 0.001) incidence of diabetes and especially with IFN-gamma, decreased severity of insulitis. |
| 1465 | 1899431 | We conclude that IFN-gamma and IL-6 have essential roles in the pathogenesis of pancreatic islet beta cell destruction in this model. |
| 1466 | 1899653 | Since occlusions in microthromboembolic disease can occur because of deficiencies in tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and since systemic tPA decreases with an increasing duration of diabetes mellitus, the immunohistochemical localization of tPA in the retinas and choroids of diabetic and nondiabetic patients was investigated. |
| 1467 | 1899653 | All but 2 of the 12 insulin-dependent diabetic eyes (IDDM), however, had reduced levels of retinal tPA immunoreactivity which was most pronounced in their peripheral retinas. |
| 1468 | 1901765 | We investigated the potential association between viruses and insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (IDDM) by developing a transgenic mouse model. |
| 1469 | 1902177 | In humans and non-obese diabetic mice (NOD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a spontaneous T cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 1470 | 1902177 | To resolve the cellular basis of this intricate network of pathogenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and the role of T cells in suppressive immune phenomena. |
| 1471 | 1902177 | A CD4+ T cell clone, IS-3S7D, proliferates in response to islet antigen(s) and its transfer into prediabetic NOD mice promotes the rapid onset of IDDM. |
| 1472 | 1902177 | An interleukin 2 (IL 2)-dependent noncytolytic, V beta 11+ CD8+. |
| 1473 | 1902177 | The present study, which documents the presence of CD4+ diabetogenic T cell clones and CD8+ T cell clones that dampen autoimmunity, gives tangible evidence that opposing autoimmune processes may determine whether an autoimmune-prone host develops frank disease. |
| 1474 | 1902177 | In humans and non-obese diabetic mice (NOD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a spontaneous T cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 1475 | 1902177 | To resolve the cellular basis of this intricate network of pathogenic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and the role of T cells in suppressive immune phenomena. |
| 1476 | 1902177 | A CD4+ T cell clone, IS-3S7D, proliferates in response to islet antigen(s) and its transfer into prediabetic NOD mice promotes the rapid onset of IDDM. |
| 1477 | 1902177 | An interleukin 2 (IL 2)-dependent noncytolytic, V beta 11+ CD8+. |
| 1478 | 1902177 | The present study, which documents the presence of CD4+ diabetogenic T cell clones and CD8+ T cell clones that dampen autoimmunity, gives tangible evidence that opposing autoimmune processes may determine whether an autoimmune-prone host develops frank disease. |
| 1479 | 1902426 | Reduction of glomerular hyperfiltration in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients by 6 mo of aldose reductase inhibition. |
| 1480 | 1902426 | To elucidate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on kidney function in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients were randomized to follow either 6 mo of treatment with ponalrestat (n = 11, mean +/- SD age 30 +/- 8 yr, diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 yr) or 6 mo of placebo (age 33 +/- 7 yr, diabetes duration 12 +/- 6 yr). |
| 1481 | 1902426 | Thus, inhibition of aldose reductase may reduce the characteristic hyperfiltration in uncomplicated IDDM. |
| 1482 | 1902426 | Reduction of glomerular hyperfiltration in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients by 6 mo of aldose reductase inhibition. |
| 1483 | 1902426 | To elucidate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on kidney function in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients were randomized to follow either 6 mo of treatment with ponalrestat (n = 11, mean +/- SD age 30 +/- 8 yr, diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 yr) or 6 mo of placebo (age 33 +/- 7 yr, diabetes duration 12 +/- 6 yr). |
| 1484 | 1902426 | Thus, inhibition of aldose reductase may reduce the characteristic hyperfiltration in uncomplicated IDDM. |
| 1485 | 1902426 | Reduction of glomerular hyperfiltration in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients by 6 mo of aldose reductase inhibition. |
| 1486 | 1902426 | To elucidate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on kidney function in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients were randomized to follow either 6 mo of treatment with ponalrestat (n = 11, mean +/- SD age 30 +/- 8 yr, diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 yr) or 6 mo of placebo (age 33 +/- 7 yr, diabetes duration 12 +/- 6 yr). |
| 1487 | 1902426 | Thus, inhibition of aldose reductase may reduce the characteristic hyperfiltration in uncomplicated IDDM. |
| 1488 | 1907250 | von Willebrand factor and development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 1489 | 1907250 | We tested the hypothesis that dysfunction of vascular endothelium, indicated by an increase in plasma level of von Willebrand factor (vWF), is present in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who develop diabetic nephropathy (DN). |
| 1490 | 1907250 | Poor glycemic control at baseline, estimated by glycosylated hemoglobin, was a significant predictor of increases in vWF in both group 1 and groups 1 and 2 combined. |
| 1491 | 1907250 | von Willebrand factor and development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 1492 | 1907250 | We tested the hypothesis that dysfunction of vascular endothelium, indicated by an increase in plasma level of von Willebrand factor (vWF), is present in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who develop diabetic nephropathy (DN). |
| 1493 | 1907250 | Poor glycemic control at baseline, estimated by glycosylated hemoglobin, was a significant predictor of increases in vWF in both group 1 and groups 1 and 2 combined. |
| 1494 | 1907661 | Concanavalin A (Con A) administered in vivo inhibited the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 1495 | 1907661 | The treatment increased the frequency of "blast-sized" cells in vivo and decreased the CD4+/CD8+ ratio among resting splenocytes. |
| 1496 | 1907712 | In the present study, the effect of diabetes on alanine metabolism was examined in five gestationally diabetic (GDM) women and seven women with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM) during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 1497 | 1908143 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Norwegian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1498 | 1908143 | We have studied 87 unrelated Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 181 healthy controls by oligotyping for 20 DRB1, eight DQA1 and 13 DQB1 alleles, and established their DR-DQ haplotypes and DQ genotypes. |
| 1499 | 1908143 | An increase of DRB1 alleles encoding DR4 was found among IDDM patients, but the distribution of DR4 subtypes did not differ among DR4-positive IDDM patients and controls. |
| 1500 | 1908143 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Norwegian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1501 | 1908143 | We have studied 87 unrelated Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 181 healthy controls by oligotyping for 20 DRB1, eight DQA1 and 13 DQB1 alleles, and established their DR-DQ haplotypes and DQ genotypes. |
| 1502 | 1908143 | An increase of DRB1 alleles encoding DR4 was found among IDDM patients, but the distribution of DR4 subtypes did not differ among DR4-positive IDDM patients and controls. |
| 1503 | 1909135 | The NOD mouse is studied as an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1504 | 1909135 | These data strongly suggest a role for IFN gamma during the autoimmune process leading to beta cell destruction in diabetes and prompt further investigation of the use of such antibodies in the immunoprevention of IDDM. |
| 1505 | 1909135 | The NOD mouse is studied as an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1506 | 1909135 | These data strongly suggest a role for IFN gamma during the autoimmune process leading to beta cell destruction in diabetes and prompt further investigation of the use of such antibodies in the immunoprevention of IDDM. |
| 1507 | 1909136 | Reduction in insulitis following administration of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in the NOD mouse. |
| 1508 | 1909136 | In insulin dependent diabetes mellitis (IDDM) beta cell destruction is associated with infiltration of the pancreatic islets by T lymphocytes and macrophages. |
| 1509 | 1909136 | In an effort to explore further the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we examined clinical, metabolic and pathological features of NOD/Wehi mice injected intraperitoneally with multiple doses of IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha. |
| 1510 | 1909136 | Compared with vehicle and cytokines alone, injection of IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha was associated with a variety of clinical and pathological changes including abdominal distention, piloerection, ascites, oedema, thymic atrophy, splenic enlargement and pancreatic distention. |
| 1511 | 1909136 | The injection of IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha, and to a lesser extent TNF-alpha alone, was associated with a significant reduction in the severity of insulitis. |
| 1512 | 1909136 | Examination of pancreatic MHC-class I and class II molecule expression revealed in mice given IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha, as compared with controls, significant and uniform induction of both these molecules on ductal and acinar cells; low level MHC-class II expression was also detectable on beta cells in these mice. |
| 1513 | 1909136 | We conclude that despite their immunostimulatory actions in vitro and in other models in vivo, systemic administration of the cytokines IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha to NOD/Wehi mice does not activate or enhance, and may actually suppress, anti-beta cell immunity in this model. |
| 1514 | 1909136 | Reduction in insulitis following administration of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in the NOD mouse. |
| 1515 | 1909136 | In insulin dependent diabetes mellitis (IDDM) beta cell destruction is associated with infiltration of the pancreatic islets by T lymphocytes and macrophages. |
| 1516 | 1909136 | In an effort to explore further the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we examined clinical, metabolic and pathological features of NOD/Wehi mice injected intraperitoneally with multiple doses of IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha. |
| 1517 | 1909136 | Compared with vehicle and cytokines alone, injection of IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha was associated with a variety of clinical and pathological changes including abdominal distention, piloerection, ascites, oedema, thymic atrophy, splenic enlargement and pancreatic distention. |
| 1518 | 1909136 | The injection of IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha, and to a lesser extent TNF-alpha alone, was associated with a significant reduction in the severity of insulitis. |
| 1519 | 1909136 | Examination of pancreatic MHC-class I and class II molecule expression revealed in mice given IFN-gamma + TNF-alpha, as compared with controls, significant and uniform induction of both these molecules on ductal and acinar cells; low level MHC-class II expression was also detectable on beta cells in these mice. |
| 1520 | 1909136 | We conclude that despite their immunostimulatory actions in vitro and in other models in vivo, systemic administration of the cytokines IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha to NOD/Wehi mice does not activate or enhance, and may actually suppress, anti-beta cell immunity in this model. |
| 1521 | 1910427 | The frequency of HLA-DR antigens, as well as the prevalence of islet cell insulin autoantibodies and other autoimmunity disorders, were investigated in Tunisian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and were compared with family members (sibs) and healthy control subjects. |
| 1522 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1523 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1524 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1525 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1526 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1527 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1528 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1529 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1530 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1531 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1532 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1533 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1534 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1535 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1536 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1537 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1538 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1539 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1540 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1541 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1542 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1543 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1544 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1545 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1546 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1547 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1548 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1549 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1550 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1551 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1552 | 1914257 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be a consequence of an autoimmune attack on beta cells by T cells. |
| 1553 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 1554 | 1914257 | Second, we examined steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs and controls. |
| 1555 | 1914257 | Preliminary experiments demonstrated that G0/G1 cells from IDDMs reproduced the IL-2 defect seen originally with PBL. |
| 1556 | 1914257 | A comparison of steady-state levels of IL-2 mRNA from activated T cells of IDDMs and age-matched controls, however, demonstrated lower levels of IL-2 mRNA in IDDMs compared to controls. |
| 1557 | 1914257 | Finally, we observed that the IL-2 mRNA in IDDM T cells was less stabile than that in the control cells, suggesting a possible mechanism for the defect. |
| 1558 | 1915117 | Sixty-nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 100 healthy blood donors served as controls. |
| 1559 | 1915495 | To test the hypothesis that calcitonin (CT) deficiency may contribute to bone mineral loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied basal and calcium stimulated (2 mg/kg body wt. in 5 min) CT levels in 15 children with IDDM and osteopenia. |
| 1560 | 1916001 | Studies of various insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) populations have shown that certain HLA antigens confer a high risk of developing disease. |
| 1561 | 1916001 | DR3/DR4, although more frequent, did not achieve statistical significance. |
| 1562 | 1920821 | Five experimental groups were used: (1) control rats (C), (2) insulin dependent diabetic rats (IDDM, single intravenous injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) in male Sprague-Dawley rats), (3) non insulin dependent diabetic rats (NIDDM; single subcutaneous injection of 90 mg/kg STZ in 5 day neonates), (4) tolbutamide-treated IDDM and (5) NIDDM (T-IDDM, T-NIDDM; giving tolbutamide 100 mg/kg/day for 6 weeks via an orogastric tube every day, respectively). |
| 1563 | 1921145 | We studied the lesions of global glomerular sclerosis and arteriolar hyalinosis in 43 (29 females) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients whose creatinine clearance (CCr) was greater than or equal to 45 ml/min/1.73 m2 and whose renal biopsies had at least 20 glomeruli available for study. |
| 1564 | 1923346 | Our objective was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of a new vision testing procedure for detecting subclinical visual dysfunction in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and minimal or absent retinopathy. |
| 1565 | 1924335 | A 64-kDa islet protein is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1566 | 1924335 | The expressed rat islet 67-kDa GAD protein is functional and is immunoprecipitated by IDDM sera; it comigrates electrophoretically with the 67-kDa islet autoantigen. |
| 1567 | 1924335 | The hydrophilic 67-kDa form of GAD in islets is an additional autoantigen in IDDM and is recognized by a different subset of autoantibodies than the 64-kDa autoantigen. |
| 1568 | 1924335 | Thus, mammalian cell lines expressing functionally active, recombinant GAD may become important tools to study the nature and the role of GAD autoreactivity in IDDM. |
| 1569 | 1924335 | A 64-kDa islet protein is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1570 | 1924335 | The expressed rat islet 67-kDa GAD protein is functional and is immunoprecipitated by IDDM sera; it comigrates electrophoretically with the 67-kDa islet autoantigen. |
| 1571 | 1924335 | The hydrophilic 67-kDa form of GAD in islets is an additional autoantigen in IDDM and is recognized by a different subset of autoantibodies than the 64-kDa autoantigen. |
| 1572 | 1924335 | Thus, mammalian cell lines expressing functionally active, recombinant GAD may become important tools to study the nature and the role of GAD autoreactivity in IDDM. |
| 1573 | 1924335 | A 64-kDa islet protein is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1574 | 1924335 | The expressed rat islet 67-kDa GAD protein is functional and is immunoprecipitated by IDDM sera; it comigrates electrophoretically with the 67-kDa islet autoantigen. |
| 1575 | 1924335 | The hydrophilic 67-kDa form of GAD in islets is an additional autoantigen in IDDM and is recognized by a different subset of autoantibodies than the 64-kDa autoantigen. |
| 1576 | 1924335 | Thus, mammalian cell lines expressing functionally active, recombinant GAD may become important tools to study the nature and the role of GAD autoreactivity in IDDM. |
| 1577 | 1924335 | A 64-kDa islet protein is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1578 | 1924335 | The expressed rat islet 67-kDa GAD protein is functional and is immunoprecipitated by IDDM sera; it comigrates electrophoretically with the 67-kDa islet autoantigen. |
| 1579 | 1924335 | The hydrophilic 67-kDa form of GAD in islets is an additional autoantigen in IDDM and is recognized by a different subset of autoantibodies than the 64-kDa autoantigen. |
| 1580 | 1924335 | Thus, mammalian cell lines expressing functionally active, recombinant GAD may become important tools to study the nature and the role of GAD autoreactivity in IDDM. |
| 1581 | 1924656 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients make critical daily self-care decisions on the basis of what they estimate their blood glucose (BG) levels to be. |
| 1582 | 1925429 | Self-assessed quality of life and metabolic control in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1583 | 1930939 | The changing face of the epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): research designs and models of disease causation. |
| 1584 | 1930939 | This review is concerned with the role of epidemiology in elucidating the cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1585 | 1930939 | The changing face of the epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): research designs and models of disease causation. |
| 1586 | 1930939 | This review is concerned with the role of epidemiology in elucidating the cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1587 | 1930941 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type I diabetes, results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 1588 | 1930940 | The aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) involves genetic predisposition, a major component of which has been mapped in the HLA complex, near to or identical with genes encoding class II molecules. |
| 1589 | 1930940 | The particularly high risk of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes suggests that susceptibility is determined by two genes acting synergistically. |
| 1590 | 1930942 | Insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) has an autoimmune pathogenesis. |
| 1591 | 1930943 | Epidemiological techniques have been utilized to accumulate new knowledge about insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), leading to important insights into the disease process and the alteration of these mechanisms when viewed from a geographic or population base. |
| 1592 | 1934594 | Cytokines are known to play an important role in autoimmunity and have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 1593 | 1934594 | In the present study we have measured IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (using both immunoassays and bioassays) in sera from 50 patients affected by IDDM at the time of clinical diagnosis and 51 age and sex matched controls. |
| 1594 | 1934594 | Detectable levels of IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-gamma were found in the serum of a small percentage of subjects and were not significantly different between patients and controls. |
| 1595 | 1934594 | IL-4 was detectable in a higher number of both patients and controls and circulating TNF-alpha (greater than 1 U/ml) was found in a percentage of patients (24%) significantly higher than controls (P less than 0.01). |
| 1596 | 1934594 | Cytokines are known to play an important role in autoimmunity and have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 1597 | 1934594 | In the present study we have measured IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (using both immunoassays and bioassays) in sera from 50 patients affected by IDDM at the time of clinical diagnosis and 51 age and sex matched controls. |
| 1598 | 1934594 | Detectable levels of IL-1, IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-gamma were found in the serum of a small percentage of subjects and were not significantly different between patients and controls. |
| 1599 | 1934594 | IL-4 was detectable in a higher number of both patients and controls and circulating TNF-alpha (greater than 1 U/ml) was found in a percentage of patients (24%) significantly higher than controls (P less than 0.01). |
| 1600 | 1936617 | Bronchial response to methacholine was assessed by inhalation of serially doubling doses in 22 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 11 nondiabetic control subjects selected for their nonsmoking habits. |
| 1601 | 1936619 | Our aim was to detect early retinal dysfunctions in 60 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with a short duration of disease. |
| 1602 | 1936620 | A simple, direct assay for T-lymphocyte reactivity to islet antigen(s) in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) should facilitate preclinical diagnosis and the evaluation of intervention therapy to avert autoimmune-mediated beta-cell destruction. |
| 1603 | 1936620 | Secretion of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor by PBMCs over 6 days was assayed in the preclinical group and generally paralleled the uptake of [3H]thymidine. |
| 1604 | 1939164 | The 64-kDa pancreatic beta-cell autoantigen, which is a target of autoantibodies associated with early as well as progressive stages of beta-cell destruction, resulting in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in humans, has been identified as the gamma-aminobutyric acid-synthesizing enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase. |
| 1605 | 1939164 | Comparative analysis of the brain and beta-cell forms of GAD show that GAD65 and GAD64 in pancreatic beta-cells correspond to the larger and smaller forms of GAD in brain, respectively. |
| 1606 | 1940637 | Studies were carried out in three normolipidemic non-obese men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and three normal men, to assess whether the clearance of postprandial Sf 100-400 lipoproteins is decreased in IDDM. |
| 1607 | 1944595 | A class of alleles at the VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) locus in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS) on chromosome 11p is associated with increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but family studies have failed to demonstrate linkage. |
| 1608 | 1944595 | INS is thought to contribute to IDDM susceptibility but this view has been difficult to reconcile with the lack of linkage evidence. |
| 1609 | 1944595 | We thus investigated polymorphisms of INS and neighbouring loci in random diabetics, IDDM multiplex families and controls. |
| 1610 | 1944595 | HLA-DR4-positive diabetics showed an increased risk associated with common variants at polymorphic sites in a 19-kilobase segment spanned by the 5' INS VNTR and the third intron of the gene for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2). |
| 1611 | 1944595 | Our results strongly support the existence of a gene or genes affecting HLA-DR4 IDDM susceptibility which is located in a 19-kilobase region of INS-IGF2. |
| 1612 | 1944595 | A class of alleles at the VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) locus in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS) on chromosome 11p is associated with increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but family studies have failed to demonstrate linkage. |
| 1613 | 1944595 | INS is thought to contribute to IDDM susceptibility but this view has been difficult to reconcile with the lack of linkage evidence. |
| 1614 | 1944595 | We thus investigated polymorphisms of INS and neighbouring loci in random diabetics, IDDM multiplex families and controls. |
| 1615 | 1944595 | HLA-DR4-positive diabetics showed an increased risk associated with common variants at polymorphic sites in a 19-kilobase segment spanned by the 5' INS VNTR and the third intron of the gene for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2). |
| 1616 | 1944595 | Our results strongly support the existence of a gene or genes affecting HLA-DR4 IDDM susceptibility which is located in a 19-kilobase region of INS-IGF2. |
| 1617 | 1944595 | A class of alleles at the VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) locus in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS) on chromosome 11p is associated with increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but family studies have failed to demonstrate linkage. |
| 1618 | 1944595 | INS is thought to contribute to IDDM susceptibility but this view has been difficult to reconcile with the lack of linkage evidence. |
| 1619 | 1944595 | We thus investigated polymorphisms of INS and neighbouring loci in random diabetics, IDDM multiplex families and controls. |
| 1620 | 1944595 | HLA-DR4-positive diabetics showed an increased risk associated with common variants at polymorphic sites in a 19-kilobase segment spanned by the 5' INS VNTR and the third intron of the gene for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2). |
| 1621 | 1944595 | Our results strongly support the existence of a gene or genes affecting HLA-DR4 IDDM susceptibility which is located in a 19-kilobase region of INS-IGF2. |
| 1622 | 1944595 | A class of alleles at the VNTR (variable number of tandem repeat) locus in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS) on chromosome 11p is associated with increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but family studies have failed to demonstrate linkage. |
| 1623 | 1944595 | INS is thought to contribute to IDDM susceptibility but this view has been difficult to reconcile with the lack of linkage evidence. |
| 1624 | 1944595 | We thus investigated polymorphisms of INS and neighbouring loci in random diabetics, IDDM multiplex families and controls. |
| 1625 | 1944595 | HLA-DR4-positive diabetics showed an increased risk associated with common variants at polymorphic sites in a 19-kilobase segment spanned by the 5' INS VNTR and the third intron of the gene for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2). |
| 1626 | 1944595 | Our results strongly support the existence of a gene or genes affecting HLA-DR4 IDDM susceptibility which is located in a 19-kilobase region of INS-IGF2. |
| 1627 | 1947795 | Based upon in vivo rat experiments it was recently suggested that interleukin 1 in the circulation may be implicated in the initial events of beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 1628 | 1947795 | The present demonstration of intact rIL-1 beta in the circulation and the islets of Langerhans supports the hypothesis that systemic IL-1 beta may be involved in the initial beta-cell destruction leading to IDDM in humans. |
| 1629 | 1947795 | Based upon in vivo rat experiments it was recently suggested that interleukin 1 in the circulation may be implicated in the initial events of beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 1630 | 1947795 | The present demonstration of intact rIL-1 beta in the circulation and the islets of Langerhans supports the hypothesis that systemic IL-1 beta may be involved in the initial beta-cell destruction leading to IDDM in humans. |
| 1631 | 1953255 | This prospective study was designed: 1. to determine both the mean level and the intrinsic variability of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in normotensive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), by using a nonambulatory recorder; 2. to look for a relationship between these parameters and the indices of diabetic target-organ damage. |
| 1632 | 1954311 | Pertussigen treatment retards, but fails to prevent, the development of type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 1633 | 1954311 | Current evidence supports an autoimmune etiopathogenesis for Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in which the pancreatic beta (beta) cell is the specific target tissue. |
| 1634 | 1954311 | Pertussigen treatment retards, but fails to prevent, the development of type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 1635 | 1954311 | Current evidence supports an autoimmune etiopathogenesis for Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in which the pancreatic beta (beta) cell is the specific target tissue. |
| 1636 | 1955152 | Children of fathers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at greater risk of developing the disease than are children of IDDM mothers, reasons for which are currently unknown. |
| 1637 | 1957043 | The metabolic derangements of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) result in widespread end-organ damage, including progressive kidney failure. |
| 1638 | 1958562 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, that develops an immunologically-mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an interesting model to study the role of endogenous steroids. |
| 1639 | 1959476 | Abnormalities of plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations are common in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 1640 | 1959476 | In general, individuals with IDDM who are untreated or inadequately treated have elevations in both postprandial and fasting triglyceride levels in association with reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase. |
| 1641 | 1959476 | Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels can rise when insulin deficiency impacts on LDL-receptor function. |
| 1642 | 1959476 | Abnormalities of plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations are common in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 1643 | 1959476 | In general, individuals with IDDM who are untreated or inadequately treated have elevations in both postprandial and fasting triglyceride levels in association with reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase. |
| 1644 | 1959476 | Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels can rise when insulin deficiency impacts on LDL-receptor function. |
| 1645 | 1959481 | Urinary C-peptide as an index of unstable glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
| 1646 | 1959481 | In order to investigate whether urinary C-peptide (UCP) excretion can be a useful index of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with unstable glycemic control, UCP was measured in nine IDDM patients with unstable glycemic control, nine IDDM patients with stable glycemic control, and 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients treated with insulin. |
| 1647 | 1959481 | These results suggest that UCP reflects their residual insulin secretory capacity and that UCP can be a useful index which distinguishes patients with unstable IDDM from those with stable diabetes mellitus. |
| 1648 | 1959481 | Urinary C-peptide as an index of unstable glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
| 1649 | 1959481 | In order to investigate whether urinary C-peptide (UCP) excretion can be a useful index of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with unstable glycemic control, UCP was measured in nine IDDM patients with unstable glycemic control, nine IDDM patients with stable glycemic control, and 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients treated with insulin. |
| 1650 | 1959481 | These results suggest that UCP reflects their residual insulin secretory capacity and that UCP can be a useful index which distinguishes patients with unstable IDDM from those with stable diabetes mellitus. |
| 1651 | 1959481 | Urinary C-peptide as an index of unstable glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
| 1652 | 1959481 | In order to investigate whether urinary C-peptide (UCP) excretion can be a useful index of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with unstable glycemic control, UCP was measured in nine IDDM patients with unstable glycemic control, nine IDDM patients with stable glycemic control, and 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients treated with insulin. |
| 1653 | 1959481 | These results suggest that UCP reflects their residual insulin secretory capacity and that UCP can be a useful index which distinguishes patients with unstable IDDM from those with stable diabetes mellitus. |
| 1654 | 1960041 | Women with pre-gestational diabetes will need progressively greater insulin doses during gestation in order to maintain normoglycemia and, in the case of women with IDDM, to avoid ketosis. |
| 1655 | 1960349 | Although individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) represent only a small proportion of the total number of persons with diabetes, IDDM is one of the most prevalent chronic childhood diseases. |
| 1656 | 1960349 | Insulin replacement is the mainstay of treatment in IDDM; however, optimal therapy requires a careful balance of food, insulin, and physical activity. |
| 1657 | 1960349 | To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive nutrition review of IDDM that emphasizes research specifically in the area of IDDM (vs non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), including data on children and adolescents when available. the process of nutrition education utilizes a staged approach beginning with "survival" information and progressing to in-depth or continuing education and counseling. |
| 1658 | 1960349 | Although individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) represent only a small proportion of the total number of persons with diabetes, IDDM is one of the most prevalent chronic childhood diseases. |
| 1659 | 1960349 | Insulin replacement is the mainstay of treatment in IDDM; however, optimal therapy requires a careful balance of food, insulin, and physical activity. |
| 1660 | 1960349 | To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive nutrition review of IDDM that emphasizes research specifically in the area of IDDM (vs non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), including data on children and adolescents when available. the process of nutrition education utilizes a staged approach beginning with "survival" information and progressing to in-depth or continuing education and counseling. |
| 1661 | 1960349 | Although individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) represent only a small proportion of the total number of persons with diabetes, IDDM is one of the most prevalent chronic childhood diseases. |
| 1662 | 1960349 | Insulin replacement is the mainstay of treatment in IDDM; however, optimal therapy requires a careful balance of food, insulin, and physical activity. |
| 1663 | 1960349 | To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive nutrition review of IDDM that emphasizes research specifically in the area of IDDM (vs non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), including data on children and adolescents when available. the process of nutrition education utilizes a staged approach beginning with "survival" information and progressing to in-depth or continuing education and counseling. |
| 1664 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1665 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1666 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1667 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1668 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1669 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1670 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1671 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1672 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1673 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1674 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1675 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1676 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1677 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1678 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1679 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1680 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1681 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1682 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1683 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1684 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1685 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1686 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1687 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1688 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1689 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1690 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1691 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1692 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1693 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1694 | 1961115 | While the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region provides the major susceptibility for insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), other (non-HLA) genes must also play a role. |
| 1695 | 1961115 | Population studies have shown an increased frequency of small insertions (class I alleles) 5' to the insulin gene in individuals with IDDM, suggesting that this region may account for part, if not all, of the non-HLA genetic predisposition. |
| 1696 | 1961115 | However, no data are available as to whether the relation of the insulin gene polymorphism is to a DR-defined subset of IDDM or with all of IDDM. |
| 1697 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 1698 | 1961115 | The frequencies of class 1 alleles were equal across all DR classes: 0.79 in the DR3/X IDDM subjects, 0.80 in the DR4/X, 0.79 in the DR3/4, and 0.78 in those with DRX/X. |
| 1699 | 1961115 | These results suggest that the HLA region and the region 5' to the insulin gene provide independent and nonsynergistic genetic risks for IDDM. |
| 1700 | 1965148 | It is well established that insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic link to the HLA locus. |
| 1701 | 1965148 | We have addressed some of these questions by using transgenic mice that constitutively express the MHC class I antigen Dd in the beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 1702 | 1966523 | Several viruses are implicated in the pathogenesis of pancreatic beta cell destruction and the onset of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1703 | 1967178 | In control (saline-infused) experiments, endogenous glucose appearance (Ra) increased by 80-90% above baseline to match the increase in glucose disappearance in both normal and IDDM subjects, even though the latter exercised at fixed levels of plasma free insulin, averaging 203 +/- 19 pmol/L. |
| 1704 | 1967178 | In other experiments, somatostatin was infused, and glucagon (1.0 ng/kg.min) and insulin (at two different rates) were maintained at constant levels. |
| 1705 | 1967178 | However, insulin infusion at doses that normalized the portal insulin concentration (approximately 208 pmol/L) together with glucagon replacement inhibited the rise in glucose production in both normal and IDDM subjects. |
| 1706 | 1967178 | When peripheral plasma free insulin (and presumably portal levels as well) were increased by about 20% in this experimental setting in IDDM (278 +/- 43 pmol/L), the suppression of Ra was even more profound, and Ra failed to increase at all with exercise. |
| 1707 | 1967178 | In control (saline-infused) experiments, endogenous glucose appearance (Ra) increased by 80-90% above baseline to match the increase in glucose disappearance in both normal and IDDM subjects, even though the latter exercised at fixed levels of plasma free insulin, averaging 203 +/- 19 pmol/L. |
| 1708 | 1967178 | In other experiments, somatostatin was infused, and glucagon (1.0 ng/kg.min) and insulin (at two different rates) were maintained at constant levels. |
| 1709 | 1967178 | However, insulin infusion at doses that normalized the portal insulin concentration (approximately 208 pmol/L) together with glucagon replacement inhibited the rise in glucose production in both normal and IDDM subjects. |
| 1710 | 1967178 | When peripheral plasma free insulin (and presumably portal levels as well) were increased by about 20% in this experimental setting in IDDM (278 +/- 43 pmol/L), the suppression of Ra was even more profound, and Ra failed to increase at all with exercise. |
| 1711 | 1967178 | In control (saline-infused) experiments, endogenous glucose appearance (Ra) increased by 80-90% above baseline to match the increase in glucose disappearance in both normal and IDDM subjects, even though the latter exercised at fixed levels of plasma free insulin, averaging 203 +/- 19 pmol/L. |
| 1712 | 1967178 | In other experiments, somatostatin was infused, and glucagon (1.0 ng/kg.min) and insulin (at two different rates) were maintained at constant levels. |
| 1713 | 1967178 | However, insulin infusion at doses that normalized the portal insulin concentration (approximately 208 pmol/L) together with glucagon replacement inhibited the rise in glucose production in both normal and IDDM subjects. |
| 1714 | 1967178 | When peripheral plasma free insulin (and presumably portal levels as well) were increased by about 20% in this experimental setting in IDDM (278 +/- 43 pmol/L), the suppression of Ra was even more profound, and Ra failed to increase at all with exercise. |
| 1715 | 1967440 | The sensitivity and predictive value of islet-cell antibodies (ICA) for the future onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were determined in 719 first-degree relatives of IDDM patients. |
| 1716 | 1967577 | Paradoxical reduction in pancreatic glucagon with normalization of somatostatin and decrease in insulin in normoglycemic alloxan-diabetic dogs: a putative mechanism of glucagon irresponsiveness to hypoglycemia. |
| 1717 | 1967577 | Therefore, as in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), increased glucose utilization is not matched by an increase in hepatic production. |
| 1718 | 1967577 | Normoglycemia 1) normalizes somatostatin content, 2) further diminishes insulin and proinsulin synthesis presumably due to lack of hyperglycemic stimulus, and 3) paradoxically decreases pancreatic glucagon content 5-fold below its normal level. |
| 1719 | 1968374 | Insulin deficiency is a prominent feature of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus that could result from defects in the insulin gene. |
| 1720 | 1968374 | Cloning of this gene has permitted molecular-genetic studies including the definition of multiple-DNA-sequence polymorphisms detected with restriction endonucleases, or restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and the mapping of the insulin gene to the short arm of chromosome 11 adjacent to the insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II) and tyrosine hydroxylase genes. |
| 1721 | 1968374 | The combined RFLPs for the insulin, IGF-II, and tyrosine hydroxylase genes make this a highly informative locus for genetic studies of the insulin gene in diabetes. |
| 1722 | 1968374 | These studies have failed to demonstrate a major significant role for insulin-gene defects in NIDDM, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, or IDDM in American Blacks and Whites and under various models of inheritance. |
| 1723 | 1968374 | Similarly, the association studies of the insulin gene and IDDM suggest a minor modifying role undetectable in pedigree studies. |
| 1724 | 1968374 | The role of defects in or near the insulin gene in a small subset of NIDDM or in IDDM must await direct investigation of the insulin gene in diabetic individuals with the most recent methods for gene amplification and sequence analysis. |
| 1725 | 1968374 | Insulin deficiency is a prominent feature of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus that could result from defects in the insulin gene. |
| 1726 | 1968374 | Cloning of this gene has permitted molecular-genetic studies including the definition of multiple-DNA-sequence polymorphisms detected with restriction endonucleases, or restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and the mapping of the insulin gene to the short arm of chromosome 11 adjacent to the insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II) and tyrosine hydroxylase genes. |
| 1727 | 1968374 | The combined RFLPs for the insulin, IGF-II, and tyrosine hydroxylase genes make this a highly informative locus for genetic studies of the insulin gene in diabetes. |
| 1728 | 1968374 | These studies have failed to demonstrate a major significant role for insulin-gene defects in NIDDM, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, or IDDM in American Blacks and Whites and under various models of inheritance. |
| 1729 | 1968374 | Similarly, the association studies of the insulin gene and IDDM suggest a minor modifying role undetectable in pedigree studies. |
| 1730 | 1968374 | The role of defects in or near the insulin gene in a small subset of NIDDM or in IDDM must await direct investigation of the insulin gene in diabetic individuals with the most recent methods for gene amplification and sequence analysis. |
| 1731 | 1968374 | Insulin deficiency is a prominent feature of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus that could result from defects in the insulin gene. |
| 1732 | 1968374 | Cloning of this gene has permitted molecular-genetic studies including the definition of multiple-DNA-sequence polymorphisms detected with restriction endonucleases, or restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and the mapping of the insulin gene to the short arm of chromosome 11 adjacent to the insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II) and tyrosine hydroxylase genes. |
| 1733 | 1968374 | The combined RFLPs for the insulin, IGF-II, and tyrosine hydroxylase genes make this a highly informative locus for genetic studies of the insulin gene in diabetes. |
| 1734 | 1968374 | These studies have failed to demonstrate a major significant role for insulin-gene defects in NIDDM, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, or IDDM in American Blacks and Whites and under various models of inheritance. |
| 1735 | 1968374 | Similarly, the association studies of the insulin gene and IDDM suggest a minor modifying role undetectable in pedigree studies. |
| 1736 | 1968374 | The role of defects in or near the insulin gene in a small subset of NIDDM or in IDDM must await direct investigation of the insulin gene in diabetic individuals with the most recent methods for gene amplification and sequence analysis. |
| 1737 | 1968374 | Insulin deficiency is a prominent feature of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus that could result from defects in the insulin gene. |
| 1738 | 1968374 | Cloning of this gene has permitted molecular-genetic studies including the definition of multiple-DNA-sequence polymorphisms detected with restriction endonucleases, or restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs), and the mapping of the insulin gene to the short arm of chromosome 11 adjacent to the insulinlike growth factor II (IGF-II) and tyrosine hydroxylase genes. |
| 1739 | 1968374 | The combined RFLPs for the insulin, IGF-II, and tyrosine hydroxylase genes make this a highly informative locus for genetic studies of the insulin gene in diabetes. |
| 1740 | 1968374 | These studies have failed to demonstrate a major significant role for insulin-gene defects in NIDDM, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, or IDDM in American Blacks and Whites and under various models of inheritance. |
| 1741 | 1968374 | Similarly, the association studies of the insulin gene and IDDM suggest a minor modifying role undetectable in pedigree studies. |
| 1742 | 1968374 | The role of defects in or near the insulin gene in a small subset of NIDDM or in IDDM must await direct investigation of the insulin gene in diabetic individuals with the most recent methods for gene amplification and sequence analysis. |
| 1743 | 1969185 | The possibility of using xenogeneic islets for transplantation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) necessitates characterization of their potential for growth and functional differentiation. |
| 1744 | 1970333 | The association of certain HLA-D alleles with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well known. |
| 1745 | 1971172 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasians is closely associated with the HLA-DQ gene, especially the residue 57 of the DQ beta chain. |
| 1746 | 1971463 | The frequencies of HLA-DP, DQ and DR RFLP types are compared between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy controls in the South Indian population. |
| 1747 | 1971774 | The growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) response to a mixed meal is blunted in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus whereas the somatostatin response is normal. |
| 1748 | 1971774 | Following a standard mixed meal, plasma concentrations of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin (SMS) and growth hormone (GH) were measured every 30 min for 300 min in six young adults with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five normal controls. |
| 1749 | 1971774 | These results indicate that glucose and insulin may play a role in the regulation of GHRH release following a mixed meal but circulating levels of GHRH and SMS are unlikely to be relevant to the abnormal regulation of GH in IDDM. |
| 1750 | 1971774 | The growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) response to a mixed meal is blunted in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus whereas the somatostatin response is normal. |
| 1751 | 1971774 | Following a standard mixed meal, plasma concentrations of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), somatostatin (SMS) and growth hormone (GH) were measured every 30 min for 300 min in six young adults with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five normal controls. |
| 1752 | 1971774 | These results indicate that glucose and insulin may play a role in the regulation of GHRH release following a mixed meal but circulating levels of GHRH and SMS are unlikely to be relevant to the abnormal regulation of GH in IDDM. |
| 1753 | 1971998 | T-cell receptor genes and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): no evidence for linkage from affected sib pairs. |
| 1754 | 1971998 | Several investigators have reported an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an RFLP detected with a probe for the constant region of the beta chain (C beta) of the human T-cell receptor (TCR). |
| 1755 | 1971998 | T-cell receptor genes and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): no evidence for linkage from affected sib pairs. |
| 1756 | 1971998 | Several investigators have reported an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an RFLP detected with a probe for the constant region of the beta chain (C beta) of the human T-cell receptor (TCR). |
| 1757 | 1972180 | Nonobese insulin-dependent diabetes (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), characterized by lymphocytic infiltration into the islets of Langerhans and beta cell destruction, resulting in hypoinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, ketoacidosis, and death. |
| 1758 | 1972363 | A significant increase in the frequency of DPw3/6 alleles defined by restriction-fragment-length polymorphism is observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients relative to healthy control subjects (34.6 vs. 10.5%, P less than 0.009). |
| 1759 | 1972363 | Log-linear modeling demonstrates that this association is independent of HLA-DR3 and -DR4 and IDDM association and cannot be attributed to linkage disequilibrium between HLA-DP and -DR. |
| 1760 | 1972363 | The strength of the DPw3/6 association is not significantly less than that of either DR3 or DR4. |
| 1761 | 1972363 | A significant increase in the frequency of DPw3/6 alleles defined by restriction-fragment-length polymorphism is observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients relative to healthy control subjects (34.6 vs. 10.5%, P less than 0.009). |
| 1762 | 1972363 | Log-linear modeling demonstrates that this association is independent of HLA-DR3 and -DR4 and IDDM association and cannot be attributed to linkage disequilibrium between HLA-DP and -DR. |
| 1763 | 1972363 | The strength of the DPw3/6 association is not significantly less than that of either DR3 or DR4. |
| 1764 | 1972779 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with mononuclear cell infiltration of the islets of Langerhans and selective destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells, as in humans. |
| 1765 | 1974448 | A single dose of the MHC-linked susceptibility determinant associated with the RT1u haplotype is permissive for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the BB rat. |
| 1766 | 1974448 | Syndromes of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been described in the mouse, in the rat and in man. |
| 1767 | 1975115 | Marked shortage of C4B DNA polymorphism among insulin-dependent diabetic patients. |
| 1768 | 1975115 | The restriction patterns obtained were correlated with the C4A and C4B genotypes in 35 patients suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and results were compared to those from 40 healthy individuals. |
| 1769 | 1975742 | The inbred non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a spontaneous model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1770 | 1975742 | To facilitate the identification of Idd-1 we have further analysed the MHC region for restriction fragment length polymorphisms and we find that the NOD mouse has a distinct haplotype: H-2K1nod Kd A beta nod A alpha d E beta nod TNF-alpha beta. |
| 1771 | 1975742 | In contrast, the sister strain, the non-obese normal (NON) mouse, derived from the same cataract-prone line of mice as the NOD mouse, has an MHC Class I region indistinguishable from the b-haplotype, but the MHC Class II region is distinct from the NOD mouse as well as the b-, d- and k-haplotype. |
| 1772 | 1975778 | Allelic polymorphism in the T cell receptor constant beta-chain gene region has been reported to be associated with autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1773 | 1980258 | Exogenous somatostatin raises plasma insulin levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1774 | 1980258 | The effect of cyclic somatostatin on circulating insulin levels was studied in eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1775 | 1980258 | A constant rate i.v. insulin infusion (0.4 mU/kg/min) was given for 240 min and somatostatin was co-infused between 60-120 min (100 micrograms/h) and 180-240 min (250 micrograms/h) respectively. |
| 1776 | 1980258 | Somatostatin increased the plasma insulin levels, corrected for the changes of hematocrit, by approximately 8% in the low dose (P less than 0.05) as well as in the high dose (P less than 0.05) period. |
| 1777 | 1980258 | It is concluded that somatostatin interferes with the clearance of insulin thereby increasing the circulating plasma insulin levels in IDDM patients without residual insulin secretion. |
| 1778 | 1980258 | Exogenous somatostatin raises plasma insulin levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 1779 | 1980258 | The effect of cyclic somatostatin on circulating insulin levels was studied in eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1780 | 1980258 | A constant rate i.v. insulin infusion (0.4 mU/kg/min) was given for 240 min and somatostatin was co-infused between 60-120 min (100 micrograms/h) and 180-240 min (250 micrograms/h) respectively. |
| 1781 | 1980258 | Somatostatin increased the plasma insulin levels, corrected for the changes of hematocrit, by approximately 8% in the low dose (P less than 0.05) as well as in the high dose (P less than 0.05) period. |
| 1782 | 1980258 | It is concluded that somatostatin interferes with the clearance of insulin thereby increasing the circulating plasma insulin levels in IDDM patients without residual insulin secretion. |
| 1783 | 1981060 | HLA-DQA2 (DX alpha) polymorphism and insulin dependent diabetes. |
| 1784 | 1981060 | A certain HLA-DQA2 locus TaqI fragment, DX alpha"U", has been reported to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1785 | 1982128 | Islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) and other organ-specific autoantibodies were detected in 27 Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1786 | 1983428 | TcR-alpha and TcR-beta dialellic RFLPs in insulin-dependent (type I) Caucasian diabetic patients. |
| 1787 | 1983428 | We studied the association of a T-cell receptor (TcR) beta restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and a new TcR-alpha RFLP with insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetes mellitus. |
| 1788 | 1983428 | A new TcR-alpha RFLP, which gave a 2.7 kb Hind III restriction fragment (A2 allele) was found with a frequency of 0.78 in a population of 78 IDDM patients, compared to 0.68 in 68 control subjects (X2 = 3.62, p = 0.057). |
| 1789 | 1984568 | Although glucose utilization is impaired in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is unclear whether this is due to reductions in insulin sensitivity (Si) and/or glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG). |
| 1790 | 1984568 | Exogenous insulin approximating the normal pattern of insulin secretion was infused during FSIGTs in eight young non-obese C-peptide-negative IDDM subjects, but with the total dose modified to achieve sufficient glucose disappearance rates (KG) to allow analysis of data. |
| 1791 | 1984568 | Using the model, good parameter resolution (fractional SD [FSD] less than .5) was achieved (IDDM v controls: SI = 2.5 +/- 0.6 v 8.3 +/- 1.5 min-1.mU-1.L-1 X 10(4); SG = 1.6 +/- 0.5 v 2.6 +/- 0.2 min-1 X 10(2); P less than .05). |
| 1792 | 1984568 | This reduction in SG was confirmed in the same IDDM subjects by FSIGT during basal insulin infusion only (SG = 1.0 +/- 0.3 min-1 X 10(2)). |
| 1793 | 1984568 | Although glucose utilization is impaired in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is unclear whether this is due to reductions in insulin sensitivity (Si) and/or glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG). |
| 1794 | 1984568 | Exogenous insulin approximating the normal pattern of insulin secretion was infused during FSIGTs in eight young non-obese C-peptide-negative IDDM subjects, but with the total dose modified to achieve sufficient glucose disappearance rates (KG) to allow analysis of data. |
| 1795 | 1984568 | Using the model, good parameter resolution (fractional SD [FSD] less than .5) was achieved (IDDM v controls: SI = 2.5 +/- 0.6 v 8.3 +/- 1.5 min-1.mU-1.L-1 X 10(4); SG = 1.6 +/- 0.5 v 2.6 +/- 0.2 min-1 X 10(2); P less than .05). |
| 1796 | 1984568 | This reduction in SG was confirmed in the same IDDM subjects by FSIGT during basal insulin infusion only (SG = 1.0 +/- 0.3 min-1 X 10(2)). |
| 1797 | 1984568 | Although glucose utilization is impaired in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is unclear whether this is due to reductions in insulin sensitivity (Si) and/or glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG). |
| 1798 | 1984568 | Exogenous insulin approximating the normal pattern of insulin secretion was infused during FSIGTs in eight young non-obese C-peptide-negative IDDM subjects, but with the total dose modified to achieve sufficient glucose disappearance rates (KG) to allow analysis of data. |
| 1799 | 1984568 | Using the model, good parameter resolution (fractional SD [FSD] less than .5) was achieved (IDDM v controls: SI = 2.5 +/- 0.6 v 8.3 +/- 1.5 min-1.mU-1.L-1 X 10(4); SG = 1.6 +/- 0.5 v 2.6 +/- 0.2 min-1 X 10(2); P less than .05). |
| 1800 | 1984568 | This reduction in SG was confirmed in the same IDDM subjects by FSIGT during basal insulin infusion only (SG = 1.0 +/- 0.3 min-1 X 10(2)). |
| 1801 | 1984568 | Although glucose utilization is impaired in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is unclear whether this is due to reductions in insulin sensitivity (Si) and/or glucose-mediated glucose disposal (SG). |
| 1802 | 1984568 | Exogenous insulin approximating the normal pattern of insulin secretion was infused during FSIGTs in eight young non-obese C-peptide-negative IDDM subjects, but with the total dose modified to achieve sufficient glucose disappearance rates (KG) to allow analysis of data. |
| 1803 | 1984568 | Using the model, good parameter resolution (fractional SD [FSD] less than .5) was achieved (IDDM v controls: SI = 2.5 +/- 0.6 v 8.3 +/- 1.5 min-1.mU-1.L-1 X 10(4); SG = 1.6 +/- 0.5 v 2.6 +/- 0.2 min-1 X 10(2); P less than .05). |
| 1804 | 1984568 | This reduction in SG was confirmed in the same IDDM subjects by FSIGT during basal insulin infusion only (SG = 1.0 +/- 0.3 min-1 X 10(2)). |
| 1805 | 1986900 | The present case describes the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of a young woman with IDDM who inappropriately manipulated her insulin to lose weight. |
| 1806 | 1988772 | Several recent studies suggest that vitamin C (ascorbic acid [AA]) status may be altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1807 | 1988772 | This observation suggests an impaired tissue AA storage in adults with IDDM and supports the theory that intracellular scurvy contributes to the chronic degenerative complications of the disease. |
| 1808 | 1988772 | Several recent studies suggest that vitamin C (ascorbic acid [AA]) status may be altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1809 | 1988772 | This observation suggests an impaired tissue AA storage in adults with IDDM and supports the theory that intracellular scurvy contributes to the chronic degenerative complications of the disease. |
| 1810 | 1990836 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has a complex pattern of genetic inheritance. |
| 1811 | 1990836 | Recent studies of the nonobese diabetic mouse (NOD) model of IDDM have suggested the presence, on mouse chromosome 9, of a susceptibility gene linked to the locus encoding the T-cell antigen, Thy-1. |
| 1812 | 1990836 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has a complex pattern of genetic inheritance. |
| 1813 | 1990836 | Recent studies of the nonobese diabetic mouse (NOD) model of IDDM have suggested the presence, on mouse chromosome 9, of a susceptibility gene linked to the locus encoding the T-cell antigen, Thy-1. |
| 1814 | 1991571 | Risk factors associated with diabetic microvascular complications, with special reference to ethnic origin, were looked for in 231 young Jewish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with duration of diabetes greater than or equal to 10 yr. |
| 1815 | 1991572 | Growth was studied prospectively in 12 nondiabetic identical twins aged less than 14 yr and in their co-twins with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to determine whether changes in growth occur before the onset of IDDM. |
| 1816 | 1991802 | Eight volunteers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine healthy nondiabetic volunteers were studied using the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, GH, and glucagon concentrations at desired levels. |
| 1817 | 1995280 | Modern diabetes management often involves multiple daily insulin injections (MDII) for individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1818 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1819 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1820 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1821 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1822 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1823 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1824 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1825 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1826 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1827 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1828 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1829 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1830 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1831 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1832 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1833 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1834 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1835 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1836 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1837 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1838 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1839 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1840 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1841 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1842 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1843 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1844 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1845 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1846 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1847 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1848 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1849 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1850 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1851 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1852 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1853 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1854 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1855 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1856 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1857 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1858 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1859 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1860 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1861 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1862 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1863 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1864 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1865 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1866 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1867 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1868 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1869 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1870 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1871 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1872 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1873 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1874 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1875 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1876 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1877 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1878 | 1996407 | HLA-class III region genes may be associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1879 | 1996407 | In this study an NcoI polymorphism of the tumour necrosis factor beta (TNF-beta) gene, which is positioned next to the tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the HLA class III region, was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). |
| 1880 | 1996407 | In all groups there was a haplotype assignment of the TNF-beta 5.5-kb allele to B8,DR3 haplotypes, and of the TNF-beta 10.5-kb allele to B15,DR4-positive haplotypes. |
| 1881 | 1996407 | The allelic and genotypic frequencies differed between DR3,4 IDDM patients and DR3,4 controls, and the DR3,4 control group differed significantly from the randomly selected control group (P less than 0.0079). |
| 1882 | 1996407 | In HLA-DR3,4- and DQw8-positive persons, the DR3 haplotypes carried the 10.5-kb allele three times more frequently in IDDM patients than in controls, suggesting that the 10.5-kb allele when present on DR3 haplotypes may contribute to susceptibility to IDDM in DR3,4 heterozygous individuals. |
| 1883 | 1996407 | A contributory role of the 10.5-kb allele in genetic IDDM susceptibility was supported by the sibpair analysis, in which all were TNF-beta identical. |
| 1884 | 1996407 | Twenty-five healthy and eight newly diagnosed IDDM patients were randomly selected to study the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-purified protein derivate (tuberculin) (PPD)-, and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated monocyte (Mo) secretions of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) and TNF-alpha in relation to the NcoI TNF-beta gene polymorphism. |
| 1885 | 1996407 | The LPS- and PHA-stimulated Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions were significantly lower for the TNF-beta 5.5/10.5 kb heterozygous individuals than for TNF-beta 10.5 kb homozygous individuals. |
| 1886 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 1887 | 1996407 | This study suggests an association between the 10.5 kb TNF-beta allele and IDDM, and demonstrates an association between monokine responses and TNF-beta genotypes. |
| 1888 | 1999272 | Islet cell antibodies (ICAs) were assayed in 316 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD; 190 with Graves' disease, 126 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis), 53 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 144 healthy control subjects. |
| 1889 | 1999278 | To evaluate the effects of childhood and poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on counterregulatory hormone and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia, we studied 16 nondiabetic children (13 +/- 2 yr), 19 nondiabetic adults (26 +/- 3 yr), and 13 children with IDDM (14 +/- 2 yr, HbA, 15.1 +/- 3.3%) during a gradual reduction in plasma glucose with the glucose-clamp technique. |
| 1890 | 2004737 | In 18 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the size of the pancreas was smaller than in the healthy controls. |
| 1891 | 2004737 | However there was no correlation between the size of the pancreas and clinical parameters, such as duration of IDDM, mean HbA1 and the insulin dose. |
| 1892 | 2004737 | In 18 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the size of the pancreas was smaller than in the healthy controls. |
| 1893 | 2004737 | However there was no correlation between the size of the pancreas and clinical parameters, such as duration of IDDM, mean HbA1 and the insulin dose. |
| 1894 | 2005219 | Sex-related differences in insulin sensitivity were evaluated in male and female adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1895 | 2005219 | We conclude that there is a distinct sexual dimorphism in insulin sensitivity in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1896 | 2005219 | Sex-related differences in insulin sensitivity were evaluated in male and female adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1897 | 2005219 | We conclude that there is a distinct sexual dimorphism in insulin sensitivity in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 1898 | 2006518 | Seventeen uremic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients received a simultaneous pancreaticorenal transplant: in a prospective, randomized study, 9 patients received a segmental neoprene-injected graft (group A) while 8 patients received a total pancreaticoduodenal graft, with enteric diversion (group B). |
| 1899 | 2009995 | Luteinizing hormone (LH) responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (100 micrograms injected intravenously (IV)) or naloxone (4 mg injected plus 8 mg infused in 2 hours IV) were evaluated in 29 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (duration, group I (n = 15): less than 10 years, range 3 to 9 years; group II (n = 14): greater than 10 years, range 11 to 20 years) and in 15 normal controls, on the 22nd days of normal menstrual cycles. |
| 1900 | 2010048 | Implication of specific DQB1 alleles in genetic susceptibility and resistance by identification of IDDM siblings with novel HLA-DQB1 allele and unusual DR2 and DR1 haplotypes. |
| 1901 | 2010048 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with the HLA-DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. |
| 1902 | 2010048 | Implication of specific DQB1 alleles in genetic susceptibility and resistance by identification of IDDM siblings with novel HLA-DQB1 allele and unusual DR2 and DR1 haplotypes. |
| 1903 | 2010048 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with the HLA-DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. |
| 1904 | 2010051 | Effects of insulin and amino acids on leg protein turnover in IDDM patients. |
| 1905 | 2010051 | To determine whether the responses of muscle protein metabolism to insulin and amino acids in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were different from those in nondiabetic subjects, leg tissue kinetics of [15N]phenylalanine and [1-13C]leucine and its metabolites were measured in eight insulin-withdrawn IDDM patients and eight nondiabetic subjects during basal insulinemia and during infusion of insulin (0.29 nmol.min-1.m-2). |
| 1906 | 2010051 | These results suggest that, in IDDM patients, 1) infusion of insulin fails to stimulate muscle protein synthesis even when combined with a substantially increased provision of AA, and 2) compared with nondiabetic subjects, muscle protein synthesis as well as glucose uptake exhibit blunted responses to insulin. |
| 1907 | 2010051 | Effects of insulin and amino acids on leg protein turnover in IDDM patients. |
| 1908 | 2010051 | To determine whether the responses of muscle protein metabolism to insulin and amino acids in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were different from those in nondiabetic subjects, leg tissue kinetics of [15N]phenylalanine and [1-13C]leucine and its metabolites were measured in eight insulin-withdrawn IDDM patients and eight nondiabetic subjects during basal insulinemia and during infusion of insulin (0.29 nmol.min-1.m-2). |
| 1909 | 2010051 | These results suggest that, in IDDM patients, 1) infusion of insulin fails to stimulate muscle protein synthesis even when combined with a substantially increased provision of AA, and 2) compared with nondiabetic subjects, muscle protein synthesis as well as glucose uptake exhibit blunted responses to insulin. |
| 1910 | 2010051 | Effects of insulin and amino acids on leg protein turnover in IDDM patients. |
| 1911 | 2010051 | To determine whether the responses of muscle protein metabolism to insulin and amino acids in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were different from those in nondiabetic subjects, leg tissue kinetics of [15N]phenylalanine and [1-13C]leucine and its metabolites were measured in eight insulin-withdrawn IDDM patients and eight nondiabetic subjects during basal insulinemia and during infusion of insulin (0.29 nmol.min-1.m-2). |
| 1912 | 2010051 | These results suggest that, in IDDM patients, 1) infusion of insulin fails to stimulate muscle protein synthesis even when combined with a substantially increased provision of AA, and 2) compared with nondiabetic subjects, muscle protein synthesis as well as glucose uptake exhibit blunted responses to insulin. |
| 1913 | 2015234 | Although self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an integral part of the daily self-care regimen for the effective management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compliance with this task remains a significant problem, particularly for adolescents. |
| 1914 | 2018414 | In order to study the capacity of the first phase insulin response (FPIR) for predicting insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), we have performed one or more intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT) and determined islet-cell antibodies (ICA) and HLA-types in 220 first degree relatives of IDDM patients (194 siblings, 26 offsprings) aged 2 to 29 years. |
| 1915 | 2022175 | The severe and mild form of IDDM are distinct with respect to insulin requirement (0.75 +/- 0.03 or 0.28 +/- 0.04 U/kg b.w., P less than 0.01) and glucagon stimulated C-peptide (0.18 +/- 0.05 or 1.41 +/- 0.27, P less than 0.01) in the first 2.5-3.5 years after onset. |
| 1916 | 2022304 | We have studied the endocrine-metabolic status of patients in non-insulin-receiving (NIR) remission of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) within 6-60 mo of diagnosis during administration of cyclosporine, in comparison with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 1917 | 2022304 | IDDM patients in NIR remission were recognized when target glycemic control (plasma glucose and mean capillary blood glucose levels less than 7.8 mM before meals) was maintained without administration of insulin for at least 2 wk. |
| 1918 | 2022304 | We have studied the endocrine-metabolic status of patients in non-insulin-receiving (NIR) remission of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) within 6-60 mo of diagnosis during administration of cyclosporine, in comparison with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 1919 | 2022304 | IDDM patients in NIR remission were recognized when target glycemic control (plasma glucose and mean capillary blood glucose levels less than 7.8 mM before meals) was maintained without administration of insulin for at least 2 wk. |
| 1920 | 2023530 | To determine whether intensive insulin therapy has the same beneficial effects on lipoprotein composition that it has been shown to have in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the routinely measured plasma lipids, we studied 10 patients after 6 months of conventional therapy (CIT) and again after 6 months of therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 1921 | 2027939 | Intentional undertreatment with insulin was found to be a common method of inducing weight loss or preventing weight gain in female adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and eating disorders. |
| 1922 | 2027939 | It is suggested here that intentional undertreatment with insulin in some individuals with IDDM may be regarded as an equivalent to purging, with similar purpose and consequences. |
| 1923 | 2027939 | Intentional undertreatment with insulin was found to be a common method of inducing weight loss or preventing weight gain in female adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and eating disorders. |
| 1924 | 2027939 | It is suggested here that intentional undertreatment with insulin in some individuals with IDDM may be regarded as an equivalent to purging, with similar purpose and consequences. |
| 1925 | 2028792 | The effects of procedures which stimulate sympathetic activity, viz. mental stress induced by a colour-word conflict test (CWT) for 20 min, and orthostasis (ORT) for 8 min were studied in 8 young (16-20 yr) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 9 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 1926 | 2030992 | Children (N = 103) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between 8 and 18 years of age and their parents participated in the study. |
| 1927 | 2036942 | Plasma levels of retinol binding protein (RBP), prealbumin, total protein, albumin, transferrin and ferritin were estimated in three groups of diabetic patients seen at a diabetes centre in S. |
| 1928 | 2036942 | The groups consisted of patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1929 | 2036942 | Prealbumin levels were normal in FCPD patients, but low in IDDM compared to controls (P less than 0.005) and NIDDM (P less than 0.05). |
| 1930 | 2036942 | Plasma levels of retinol binding protein (RBP), prealbumin, total protein, albumin, transferrin and ferritin were estimated in three groups of diabetic patients seen at a diabetes centre in S. |
| 1931 | 2036942 | The groups consisted of patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1932 | 2036942 | Prealbumin levels were normal in FCPD patients, but low in IDDM compared to controls (P less than 0.005) and NIDDM (P less than 0.05). |
| 1933 | 2039509 | These results which suggest that different isomeric forms of human GAD exist in brain and pancreas may be relevant to the pathogenesis of stiff man syndrome (SMS) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively, two distinct but associated clinical disorders in which GAD is the target of autoantibodies. |
| 1934 | 2040383 | In vivo beta-cell function tests are used increasingly in humans during the preclinical phase of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the severity of the beta-cell loss responsible for the abnormalities seen in these tests is unknown. |
| 1935 | 2040384 | To assess potential relationships between unawareness of hypoglycemic symptoms and both defective glucose counterregulation and therapy-associated altered glycemic thresholds, symptoms and hormonal responses to hypoglycemia were quantitated during standardized insulin infusion tests in 41 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1936 | 2040384 | The glycemic thresholds for both neurogenic and neuroglycopenic symptoms (and those for both epinephrine and pancreatic polypeptide release) were at lower plasma glucose concentrations in both patients with defective (n = 9, 22%) and those with adequate glucose counterregulation and, among the latter, in patients with lower compared with higher glycosylated hemoglobin levels. |
| 1937 | 2040390 | HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles associated with genetic susceptibility to IDDM in a black population. |
| 1938 | 2040390 | Transracial analysis provides a method of distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA class II alleles from those secondary to linkage disequilibrium. |
| 1939 | 2040390 | In this study, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in Afro-Caribbean IDDM and control subjects were compared. |
| 1940 | 2040390 | HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles associated with genetic susceptibility to IDDM in a black population. |
| 1941 | 2040390 | Transracial analysis provides a method of distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA class II alleles from those secondary to linkage disequilibrium. |
| 1942 | 2040390 | In this study, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in Afro-Caribbean IDDM and control subjects were compared. |
| 1943 | 2040390 | HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles associated with genetic susceptibility to IDDM in a black population. |
| 1944 | 2040390 | Transracial analysis provides a method of distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA class II alleles from those secondary to linkage disequilibrium. |
| 1945 | 2040390 | In this study, the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles in Afro-Caribbean IDDM and control subjects were compared. |
| 1946 | 2040392 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility is associated with the DR4-DQw4 haplotype in Japanese and the DR4-DQw8/-Drw8-DQw4 genotype (among others) in whites. |
| 1947 | 2040393 | The hypothesis of genetic defects in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) regulation among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nephropathy was assessed by studies in tissue cultures of fibroblasts obtained from 7 patients with normal urinary albumin excretion, 11 patients with diabetic nephropathy, and 6 nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 1948 | 2040396 | Increased plasma apolipoprotein(a) levels in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 1949 | 2040396 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a significantly increased risk of macrovascular disease, particularly if they have persistent proteinuria. |
| 1950 | 2040396 | To determine whether altered levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the plasminogenlike glycoprotein of the potentially atherogenic lipoprotein(a); contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, apo(a) levels were measured in 107 patients with IDDM and compared with nondiabetic control subjects and male elective coronary artery graft patients. |
| 1951 | 2040396 | The elevated apo(a) levels found in patients with IDDM and increased urinary albumin loss may contribute to their heightened risk of macrovascular disease. |
| 1952 | 2040396 | Increased plasma apolipoprotein(a) levels in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 1953 | 2040396 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a significantly increased risk of macrovascular disease, particularly if they have persistent proteinuria. |
| 1954 | 2040396 | To determine whether altered levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the plasminogenlike glycoprotein of the potentially atherogenic lipoprotein(a); contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, apo(a) levels were measured in 107 patients with IDDM and compared with nondiabetic control subjects and male elective coronary artery graft patients. |
| 1955 | 2040396 | The elevated apo(a) levels found in patients with IDDM and increased urinary albumin loss may contribute to their heightened risk of macrovascular disease. |
| 1956 | 2040396 | Increased plasma apolipoprotein(a) levels in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 1957 | 2040396 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a significantly increased risk of macrovascular disease, particularly if they have persistent proteinuria. |
| 1958 | 2040396 | To determine whether altered levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the plasminogenlike glycoprotein of the potentially atherogenic lipoprotein(a); contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, apo(a) levels were measured in 107 patients with IDDM and compared with nondiabetic control subjects and male elective coronary artery graft patients. |
| 1959 | 2040396 | The elevated apo(a) levels found in patients with IDDM and increased urinary albumin loss may contribute to their heightened risk of macrovascular disease. |
| 1960 | 2040396 | Increased plasma apolipoprotein(a) levels in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 1961 | 2040396 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a significantly increased risk of macrovascular disease, particularly if they have persistent proteinuria. |
| 1962 | 2040396 | To determine whether altered levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the plasminogenlike glycoprotein of the potentially atherogenic lipoprotein(a); contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, apo(a) levels were measured in 107 patients with IDDM and compared with nondiabetic control subjects and male elective coronary artery graft patients. |
| 1963 | 2040396 | The elevated apo(a) levels found in patients with IDDM and increased urinary albumin loss may contribute to their heightened risk of macrovascular disease. |
| 1964 | 2040917 | To increase knowledge on the predictability of the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type I), we followed 38 subjects less than 18 years of age who had positive results on two or more islet-cell antibody tests and one identical twin who had positive results on one islet-cell antibody test. |
| 1965 | 2043221 | However, the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, the expression of second messengers, and the action of protein kinase C may, either individually or in combination, mediate some of the insulin effects, such as translocation and activation of glucose transporter proteins. |
| 1966 | 2043221 | Insulin resistance in clinical conditions such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertension and obesity may be acquired to a large extent, and is thus partially reversible. |
| 1967 | 2044331 | Plasma concentrations of albumin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein do not appear to be changed by the disease. |
| 1968 | 2044331 | The distribution of drugs with little or no binding in the blood is generally not altered, although the volume of distribution of phenazone (antipyrine) is reduced by 20% in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 1969 | 2044436 | Contrasting results have been reported regarding the prevalence of hypertension in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), showing a slightly higher or normal percentage of IDDM patients with elevated blood pressure levels than in the general population. |
| 1970 | 2044436 | Na+ retention in IDDM is accounted for by several metabolic and hormonal abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia, hyperinsulinemia, altered secretion, and resistance to atrial natriuretic peptide. |
| 1971 | 2044436 | Contrasting results have been reported regarding the prevalence of hypertension in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), showing a slightly higher or normal percentage of IDDM patients with elevated blood pressure levels than in the general population. |
| 1972 | 2044436 | Na+ retention in IDDM is accounted for by several metabolic and hormonal abnormalities such as hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia, hyperinsulinemia, altered secretion, and resistance to atrial natriuretic peptide. |
| 1973 | 2044441 | Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of the increased morbidity and mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1974 | 2044441 | Recent randomized control studies indicate that ACE inhibition may delay and even prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy in normotensive IDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria. |
| 1975 | 2044441 | Diabetic nephropathy is the main cause of the increased morbidity and mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 1976 | 2044441 | Recent randomized control studies indicate that ACE inhibition may delay and even prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy in normotensive IDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria. |
| 1977 | 2050093 | Glycaemic responses to different types of bread in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM): studies at constant insulinaemia. |
| 1978 | 2050093 | To study the glycaemic effect of various Danish bread types in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) we looked at the incremental blood glucose areas after isocaloric meals of grained wholemeal rye bread, wholemeal bread (graham bread) and white bread in seven C-peptide negative diabetic subjects. |
| 1979 | 2050093 | Glycaemic responses to different types of bread in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM): studies at constant insulinaemia. |
| 1980 | 2050093 | To study the glycaemic effect of various Danish bread types in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) we looked at the incremental blood glucose areas after isocaloric meals of grained wholemeal rye bread, wholemeal bread (graham bread) and white bread in seven C-peptide negative diabetic subjects. |
| 1981 | 2057168 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type I) is an HLA-associated condition. |
| 1982 | 2057287 | Lipid metabolism in lymphocytes was compared to that in the blood serum and red blood cells. 50 children aged 7 to 15 years suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the phase of decompensation without ketosis were examined. |
| 1983 | 2057296 | The paper is concerned with the data on the epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children in the USSR. |
| 1984 | 2058661 | To examine the impact of opiate blockade on glucose counterregulation we performed two hypoglycemic insulin clamp studies with and without naloxone in healthy subjects and well-controlled insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients with defective glucose counterregulation. |
| 1985 | 2058661 | IDDM patients with suppressed hepatic and hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia also demonstrated greater stimulation of glucose production as well as epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol release during the naloxone study. |
| 1986 | 2058661 | We conclude that opiate blockade augments glucoregulatory responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, even in IDDM patients with preexisting defects in glucose counterregulation. |
| 1987 | 2058661 | To examine the impact of opiate blockade on glucose counterregulation we performed two hypoglycemic insulin clamp studies with and without naloxone in healthy subjects and well-controlled insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients with defective glucose counterregulation. |
| 1988 | 2058661 | IDDM patients with suppressed hepatic and hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia also demonstrated greater stimulation of glucose production as well as epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol release during the naloxone study. |
| 1989 | 2058661 | We conclude that opiate blockade augments glucoregulatory responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, even in IDDM patients with preexisting defects in glucose counterregulation. |
| 1990 | 2058661 | To examine the impact of opiate blockade on glucose counterregulation we performed two hypoglycemic insulin clamp studies with and without naloxone in healthy subjects and well-controlled insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients with defective glucose counterregulation. |
| 1991 | 2058661 | IDDM patients with suppressed hepatic and hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia also demonstrated greater stimulation of glucose production as well as epinephrine, growth hormone, and cortisol release during the naloxone study. |
| 1992 | 2058661 | We conclude that opiate blockade augments glucoregulatory responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, even in IDDM patients with preexisting defects in glucose counterregulation. |
| 1993 | 2060438 | Elevated cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity in IDDM men who smoke. |
| 1994 | 2060720 | The risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined in siblings of an unselected population (n = 194) of newly diagnosed diabetic individuals less than 30 yr old. |
| 1995 | 2060720 | The OR for IDDM was not increased significantly if parental IDDM or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was reported. |
| 1996 | 2060720 | The risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined in siblings of an unselected population (n = 194) of newly diagnosed diabetic individuals less than 30 yr old. |
| 1997 | 2060720 | The OR for IDDM was not increased significantly if parental IDDM or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was reported. |
| 1998 | 2063876 | The marker association segregation chi-square (MASC) method was applied to a sample of 416 Caucasians affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), for which information on the parental and sibship status was available, as well as HLA typing. |
| 1999 | 2065046 | Cardiovascular disease is a frequent complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the prevalence, interrelations, and risk factors of its principal components (coronary, cerebrovascular, and lower-extremity arterial disease) and of medial arterial wall calcification are not well understood. |
| 2000 | 2065046 | Modeling of potential risk factors (e.g., diabetes duration and glycosylated hemoglobin) revealed that duration, female gender, fibrinogen, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-I ratio were independent predictors of LEAD, whereas for CHD only, diabetes duration and hypertension contributed to CHD. |
| 2001 | 2065046 | Calcification revealed a mixed pattern, with duration, hypertension, and triglyceride to apolipoprotein A-I ratio being the statistically significant associated factors. |
| 2002 | 2069353 | The mechanism of pancreatic beta-cell destruction in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves autoimmune events directed against these cells. |
| 2003 | 2069353 | HLA alleles associated with IDDM include DR3 and DR4, with the risk of IDDM being especially high in individuals with the heterozygous combination DR3/DR4. |
| 2004 | 2069353 | The mechanism of pancreatic beta-cell destruction in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves autoimmune events directed against these cells. |
| 2005 | 2069353 | HLA alleles associated with IDDM include DR3 and DR4, with the risk of IDDM being especially high in individuals with the heterozygous combination DR3/DR4. |
| 2006 | 2069359 | In teenagers and young adults with cystic fibrosis, the prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 7 to 10%. |
| 2007 | 2073871 | Of the 1408 patients, 538 (38.2%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (male/female ratio of 2:3), and 870 (61.8%) had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (male/female ratio of 5:4). |
| 2008 | 2073869 | The significance of the insulin pen for the quality of life of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been debated. |
| 2009 | 2073970 | Analysis of diabetic family connection in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2010 | 2073970 | From the analysis of records, it emerged that 112 patients were affected by insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM): 54 of them were related with at least one subject suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 13 with at least one subject affected by IDDM and the remaining 45 did not show any family connection. |
| 2011 | 2073970 | Analysis of diabetic family connection in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2012 | 2073970 | From the analysis of records, it emerged that 112 patients were affected by insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM): 54 of them were related with at least one subject suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 13 with at least one subject affected by IDDM and the remaining 45 did not show any family connection. |
| 2013 | 2075378 | In 98 cirrhotic patients serum fructosamine and HbA1c levels were compared with those of normal controls and among cirrhotic patients grouped in non glucose-intolerant and with non insulin-dependent (NIDDM) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2014 | 2075785 | The purpose of our study was to evaluate what kind of relationships exist between HLA antigens and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in 20 families and in 40 single patients coming from and living in North Eastern Italy. |
| 2015 | 2075785 | We also noticed a negative association between IDDM and DR5 rather than DR2 and DR7. |
| 2016 | 2075785 | The purpose of our study was to evaluate what kind of relationships exist between HLA antigens and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in 20 families and in 40 single patients coming from and living in North Eastern Italy. |
| 2017 | 2075785 | We also noticed a negative association between IDDM and DR5 rather than DR2 and DR7. |
| 2018 | 2076025 | We examined whether the rise in ketone body concentration around midnight and in the early morning was due to the lack of free insulin (IRI) or excess of insulin counterregulatory hormones such as human growth hormone (hGH), cortisol and glucagon in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and whether the monitoring of blood ketone body concentration was clinically useful as an index of metabolic control for deciding to increase or decrease the insulin dose in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. |
| 2019 | 2076025 | Serum levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA), acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-OHBA/AcAc ratio before breakfast were significantly increased in insulin-treated NIDDM patients with well-controlled fasting plasma glucose levels and IDDM patients compared to those in normal subjects. |
| 2020 | 2076025 | However, there were no correlations between 3-OHBA and free IRI in the NIDDM patients treated with insulin and IDDM patients who had a much larger increase in the mean concentration of serum 3-OHBA at 6 a.m. caused by a low concentration of free IRI. |
| 2021 | 2076025 | In conclusion, the early morning rising of ketone body concentration in insulin-treated diabetic patients, particularly IDDM patients, is due to the absolute lack of free IRI and/or the relative lack of free IRI to the levels of hGH or cortisol, and the monitoring of 3-OHBA is clinically useful as a more sensitive index of metabolic control. |
| 2022 | 2076025 | We examined whether the rise in ketone body concentration around midnight and in the early morning was due to the lack of free insulin (IRI) or excess of insulin counterregulatory hormones such as human growth hormone (hGH), cortisol and glucagon in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and whether the monitoring of blood ketone body concentration was clinically useful as an index of metabolic control for deciding to increase or decrease the insulin dose in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. |
| 2023 | 2076025 | Serum levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA), acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-OHBA/AcAc ratio before breakfast were significantly increased in insulin-treated NIDDM patients with well-controlled fasting plasma glucose levels and IDDM patients compared to those in normal subjects. |
| 2024 | 2076025 | However, there were no correlations between 3-OHBA and free IRI in the NIDDM patients treated with insulin and IDDM patients who had a much larger increase in the mean concentration of serum 3-OHBA at 6 a.m. caused by a low concentration of free IRI. |
| 2025 | 2076025 | In conclusion, the early morning rising of ketone body concentration in insulin-treated diabetic patients, particularly IDDM patients, is due to the absolute lack of free IRI and/or the relative lack of free IRI to the levels of hGH or cortisol, and the monitoring of 3-OHBA is clinically useful as a more sensitive index of metabolic control. |
| 2026 | 2076025 | We examined whether the rise in ketone body concentration around midnight and in the early morning was due to the lack of free insulin (IRI) or excess of insulin counterregulatory hormones such as human growth hormone (hGH), cortisol and glucagon in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and whether the monitoring of blood ketone body concentration was clinically useful as an index of metabolic control for deciding to increase or decrease the insulin dose in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. |
| 2027 | 2076025 | Serum levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA), acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-OHBA/AcAc ratio before breakfast were significantly increased in insulin-treated NIDDM patients with well-controlled fasting plasma glucose levels and IDDM patients compared to those in normal subjects. |
| 2028 | 2076025 | However, there were no correlations between 3-OHBA and free IRI in the NIDDM patients treated with insulin and IDDM patients who had a much larger increase in the mean concentration of serum 3-OHBA at 6 a.m. caused by a low concentration of free IRI. |
| 2029 | 2076025 | In conclusion, the early morning rising of ketone body concentration in insulin-treated diabetic patients, particularly IDDM patients, is due to the absolute lack of free IRI and/or the relative lack of free IRI to the levels of hGH or cortisol, and the monitoring of 3-OHBA is clinically useful as a more sensitive index of metabolic control. |
| 2030 | 2076025 | We examined whether the rise in ketone body concentration around midnight and in the early morning was due to the lack of free insulin (IRI) or excess of insulin counterregulatory hormones such as human growth hormone (hGH), cortisol and glucagon in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and whether the monitoring of blood ketone body concentration was clinically useful as an index of metabolic control for deciding to increase or decrease the insulin dose in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. |
| 2031 | 2076025 | Serum levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA), acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-OHBA/AcAc ratio before breakfast were significantly increased in insulin-treated NIDDM patients with well-controlled fasting plasma glucose levels and IDDM patients compared to those in normal subjects. |
| 2032 | 2076025 | However, there were no correlations between 3-OHBA and free IRI in the NIDDM patients treated with insulin and IDDM patients who had a much larger increase in the mean concentration of serum 3-OHBA at 6 a.m. caused by a low concentration of free IRI. |
| 2033 | 2076025 | In conclusion, the early morning rising of ketone body concentration in insulin-treated diabetic patients, particularly IDDM patients, is due to the absolute lack of free IRI and/or the relative lack of free IRI to the levels of hGH or cortisol, and the monitoring of 3-OHBA is clinically useful as a more sensitive index of metabolic control. |
| 2034 | 2083494 | The cognitive development of children with either early or late onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was investigated with tasks measuring intellectual ability, memory, and academic progress. |
| 2035 | 2086453 | Metabolism and beta-cell function of rat pancreatic islets exposed to human interleukin-1 beta in the presence of a high glucose concentration. |
| 2036 | 2086453 | It has been postulated that one of the factors causing immune-mediated pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is interleukin-1 (IL-1). |
| 2037 | 2086453 | Rat pancreatic islets exposed to human recombinant IL-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) for 48 h in vitro exhibit a markedly reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. |
| 2038 | 2087931 | Since cell replication processes appear altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), especially when associated with its microvascular complications, the aim of this study was measuring serum spermidine oxidase activity (SOA), a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of polyamines, in 47 patients with IDDM as compared with 63 healthy control subjects matched for age and sex. |
| 2039 | 2087931 | Mean SOA levels +/- SD were significantly lower in IDDM patients (177.4 +/- 57.2 mu kat/l) than in controls (247.6 +/- 68.1 mu kat/l; p less than 0.001), being SOA inversely related with daily insulin dose. |
| 2040 | 2087931 | Since cell replication processes appear altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), especially when associated with its microvascular complications, the aim of this study was measuring serum spermidine oxidase activity (SOA), a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of polyamines, in 47 patients with IDDM as compared with 63 healthy control subjects matched for age and sex. |
| 2041 | 2087931 | Mean SOA levels +/- SD were significantly lower in IDDM patients (177.4 +/- 57.2 mu kat/l) than in controls (247.6 +/- 68.1 mu kat/l; p less than 0.001), being SOA inversely related with daily insulin dose. |
| 2042 | 2087938 | The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of regularly eating a moderate amount of sucrose (30 g/day) in 12 type 1 (insulin-dependent, IDDM) diabetic outpatients in fair blood glucose and lipid control. |
| 2043 | 2088390 | The BB rat spontaneously develops an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that closely resembles this disease in man. |
| 2044 | 2090893 | Fifty-eight insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with a disease duration of more than three years were evaluated and divided in three groups depending on the mean sugar blood levels in a three month follow-up. |
| 2045 | 2091054 | The ability of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women to breast-feed has been documented, however, there is little information concerning milk composition or factors that influence successful breastfeeding. |
| 2046 | 2091054 | Placental lactogen and prolactin levels can be normalized during pregnancy with good metabolic control. |
| 2047 | 2091054 | Prolactin maintains mammary gland insulin receptors to ensure anabolism. |
| 2048 | 2091054 | Lactation in IDDM women may be influenced by hyper- or hypoglycemia as women balance their insulin needs. |
| 2049 | 2091054 | The ability of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women to breast-feed has been documented, however, there is little information concerning milk composition or factors that influence successful breastfeeding. |
| 2050 | 2091054 | Placental lactogen and prolactin levels can be normalized during pregnancy with good metabolic control. |
| 2051 | 2091054 | Prolactin maintains mammary gland insulin receptors to ensure anabolism. |
| 2052 | 2091054 | Lactation in IDDM women may be influenced by hyper- or hypoglycemia as women balance their insulin needs. |
| 2053 | 2095388 | The primary cause of arterial hypertension and of the increased morbidity and mortality in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is diabetic nephropathy. |
| 2054 | 2096182 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several DR3- or DR4-containing ancestral haplotypes (AHs). |
| 2055 | 2096182 | The MHC contains several regions of potential interest in relation to susceptibility to IDDM; these may explain the association with only certain DR3- and DR4-carrying AH and DR3,4 heterozygosity in terms of cis and trans interactions. |
| 2056 | 2096182 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several DR3- or DR4-containing ancestral haplotypes (AHs). |
| 2057 | 2096182 | The MHC contains several regions of potential interest in relation to susceptibility to IDDM; these may explain the association with only certain DR3- and DR4-carrying AH and DR3,4 heterozygosity in terms of cis and trans interactions. |
| 2058 | 2101087 | The effect of a 7-day low-protein diet on renal function was studied in 17 normotensive, normoalbuminuric, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2059 | 2101347 | HLA class I and class II antigens were studied in 97 unrelated IDDM patients, 33 complete families with at least one affected member each, and 559 healthy controls. |
| 2060 | 2101347 | The genotype analysis of the patients showed a strong increase of the DR3/DR4 heterozygotes with a relative risk higher than that of the DR3 and DR4 homozygotes. |
| 2061 | 2101877 | We have proposed a molecular model of susceptibility to Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) based on the proportional expression at the cell surface of the following susceptible (S-S) HLA-DQ heterodimere composed of a chain DQ alpha Arg 52 positive (S) and a chain HLA-DQ beta Asp 57 negative (S). |
| 2062 | 2110424 | We compared regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and arteriojugular vein differences of glucose, ketones, glycerol, lactate, pyruvate, and O2 in eight subjects with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in six healthy volunteers. |
| 2063 | 2111417 | The urinary excretion of kappa light chains, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was examined in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus, and compared to age-matched control subjects. |
| 2064 | 2111417 | Patients with IDDM diagnosed within two months, presented with normal albumin excretion, whereas the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and kappa light chain in urine were higher than in control subjects. |
| 2065 | 2111417 | The urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin rose progressively with each hyperglycemic clamp step, whereas that of kappa light chain excretion was unaffected by hyperglycemia. |
| 2066 | 2111417 | The urinary excretion of kappa light chains, beta 2-microglobulin and albumin was examined in patients with newly diagnosed and long-standing insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus, and compared to age-matched control subjects. |
| 2067 | 2111417 | Patients with IDDM diagnosed within two months, presented with normal albumin excretion, whereas the concentrations of beta 2-microglobulin and kappa light chain in urine were higher than in control subjects. |
| 2068 | 2111417 | The urine excretion of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin rose progressively with each hyperglycemic clamp step, whereas that of kappa light chain excretion was unaffected by hyperglycemia. |
| 2069 | 2114658 | Islet cell transplantation is a potential and attractive alternative to exogenous insulin administration for the therapy of IDDM. |
| 2070 | 2115989 | Lipid and apolipoprotein compositions of two species of ApoA-I containing lipoproteins in young girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2071 | 2115989 | Two species of lipoproteins containing apoA-I (A-ILp), lipoprotein containing apoA-I and apoA-II (LpA-I/A-II), and lipoprotein containing apoA-I but no apoA-II were isolated from 12 girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and from 19 healthy controls using affinity chromatography. |
| 2072 | 2115989 | However, apolipoprotein changes of LpA-I/A-II may possibly be related to the accelerated atherosclerotic processes noted in patients with IDDM. |
| 2073 | 2115989 | Lipid and apolipoprotein compositions of two species of ApoA-I containing lipoproteins in young girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2074 | 2115989 | Two species of lipoproteins containing apoA-I (A-ILp), lipoprotein containing apoA-I and apoA-II (LpA-I/A-II), and lipoprotein containing apoA-I but no apoA-II were isolated from 12 girls with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and from 19 healthy controls using affinity chromatography. |
| 2075 | 2115989 | However, apolipoprotein changes of LpA-I/A-II may possibly be related to the accelerated atherosclerotic processes noted in patients with IDDM. |
| 2076 | 2116057 | We randomly administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (200 micrograms, as an i.v. bolus) or control saline (in isovolumic amount) to 30 male diabetic subjects (23 IDDM, 7 NIDDM) in fair metabolic control (HbA1 9.7 +/- 0.3%, means +/- SEM) and to 12 healthy male controls on two different mornings. |
| 2077 | 2116057 | While GH in the basal state was similar in IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects, TRH administration evoked a significant GH release only in a single IDDM individual. |
| 2078 | 2116057 | The only GH-responder to TRH was a newly-diagnosed (two weeks) IDDM patient, still with a high glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1 11.1%), despite normal plasma glucose levels. |
| 2079 | 2116057 | We randomly administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (200 micrograms, as an i.v. bolus) or control saline (in isovolumic amount) to 30 male diabetic subjects (23 IDDM, 7 NIDDM) in fair metabolic control (HbA1 9.7 +/- 0.3%, means +/- SEM) and to 12 healthy male controls on two different mornings. |
| 2080 | 2116057 | While GH in the basal state was similar in IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects, TRH administration evoked a significant GH release only in a single IDDM individual. |
| 2081 | 2116057 | The only GH-responder to TRH was a newly-diagnosed (two weeks) IDDM patient, still with a high glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1 11.1%), despite normal plasma glucose levels. |
| 2082 | 2116057 | We randomly administered thyrotropin-releasing hormone (200 micrograms, as an i.v. bolus) or control saline (in isovolumic amount) to 30 male diabetic subjects (23 IDDM, 7 NIDDM) in fair metabolic control (HbA1 9.7 +/- 0.3%, means +/- SEM) and to 12 healthy male controls on two different mornings. |
| 2083 | 2116057 | While GH in the basal state was similar in IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects, TRH administration evoked a significant GH release only in a single IDDM individual. |
| 2084 | 2116057 | The only GH-responder to TRH was a newly-diagnosed (two weeks) IDDM patient, still with a high glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1 11.1%), despite normal plasma glucose levels. |
| 2085 | 2117389 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of glyburide on peripheral (muscle) and hepatic insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy control subjects. |
| 2086 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, five patients with IDDM and eight patients with insulin-treated NIDDM were evaluated before and after two months of glyburide therapy (20 mg per day). |
| 2087 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, glyburide treatment produced no change in daily insulin requirement (54 +/- 8 versus 53 +/- 7 units per day), mean 24-hour glucose levels (177 +/- 20 versus 174 +/- 29 mg/dL), glycohemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 percent versus 9.5 +/- 7 percent), C-peptide secretion, insulin sensitivity, or basal hepatic glucose production (p values not significant) in the IDDM patients. |
| 2088 | 2117389 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of glyburide on peripheral (muscle) and hepatic insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy control subjects. |
| 2089 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, five patients with IDDM and eight patients with insulin-treated NIDDM were evaluated before and after two months of glyburide therapy (20 mg per day). |
| 2090 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, glyburide treatment produced no change in daily insulin requirement (54 +/- 8 versus 53 +/- 7 units per day), mean 24-hour glucose levels (177 +/- 20 versus 174 +/- 29 mg/dL), glycohemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 percent versus 9.5 +/- 7 percent), C-peptide secretion, insulin sensitivity, or basal hepatic glucose production (p values not significant) in the IDDM patients. |
| 2091 | 2117389 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of glyburide on peripheral (muscle) and hepatic insulin sensitivity in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy control subjects. |
| 2092 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, five patients with IDDM and eight patients with insulin-treated NIDDM were evaluated before and after two months of glyburide therapy (20 mg per day). |
| 2093 | 2117389 | In protocol 2, glyburide treatment produced no change in daily insulin requirement (54 +/- 8 versus 53 +/- 7 units per day), mean 24-hour glucose levels (177 +/- 20 versus 174 +/- 29 mg/dL), glycohemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 percent versus 9.5 +/- 7 percent), C-peptide secretion, insulin sensitivity, or basal hepatic glucose production (p values not significant) in the IDDM patients. |
| 2094 | 2120739 | The metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) and the transfer of its metabolites was determined in in vitro perfused placental tissue from normal pregnancies and those complicated by maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 14C-labelled AA was recirculated in the fetal circulation for 60 min while 3H-AA was recirculated in the maternal circulation. |
| 2095 | 2121396 | These class II and III alleles have been described in association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), both of which may be associated with antipituitary antibodies. |
| 2096 | 2123429 | Abnormalities of CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferative responses from patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2097 | 2123429 | To investigate the abnormalities of cell-mediated immunity in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the responses of the two major T lymphocyte subsets from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to mitogen stimulation. |
| 2098 | 2123429 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated and were subsequently stimulated with three specific lymphocyte mitogens, namely Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A) and Pokeweek mitogen (PWM). |
| 2099 | 2123429 | The responses of CD8+ T cells from IDDM patients and from controls were not significantly different. |
| 2100 | 2123429 | However, CD4+ T cells from IDDM patients showed significantly depressed responses to PHA and Con A and to a much lesser extent to PWM. |
| 2101 | 2123429 | These data provide new information regarding the CD4+ T lymphocyte abnormalities found in patients with IDDM. |
| 2102 | 2123429 | Abnormalities of CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferative responses from patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2103 | 2123429 | To investigate the abnormalities of cell-mediated immunity in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the responses of the two major T lymphocyte subsets from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to mitogen stimulation. |
| 2104 | 2123429 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated and were subsequently stimulated with three specific lymphocyte mitogens, namely Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A) and Pokeweek mitogen (PWM). |
| 2105 | 2123429 | The responses of CD8+ T cells from IDDM patients and from controls were not significantly different. |
| 2106 | 2123429 | However, CD4+ T cells from IDDM patients showed significantly depressed responses to PHA and Con A and to a much lesser extent to PWM. |
| 2107 | 2123429 | These data provide new information regarding the CD4+ T lymphocyte abnormalities found in patients with IDDM. |
| 2108 | 2123429 | Abnormalities of CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferative responses from patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2109 | 2123429 | To investigate the abnormalities of cell-mediated immunity in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the responses of the two major T lymphocyte subsets from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to mitogen stimulation. |
| 2110 | 2123429 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated and were subsequently stimulated with three specific lymphocyte mitogens, namely Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A) and Pokeweek mitogen (PWM). |
| 2111 | 2123429 | The responses of CD8+ T cells from IDDM patients and from controls were not significantly different. |
| 2112 | 2123429 | However, CD4+ T cells from IDDM patients showed significantly depressed responses to PHA and Con A and to a much lesser extent to PWM. |
| 2113 | 2123429 | These data provide new information regarding the CD4+ T lymphocyte abnormalities found in patients with IDDM. |
| 2114 | 2123429 | Abnormalities of CD4+ T lymphocyte proliferative responses from patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 2115 | 2123429 | To investigate the abnormalities of cell-mediated immunity in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the responses of the two major T lymphocyte subsets from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to mitogen stimulation. |
| 2116 | 2123429 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated and were subsequently stimulated with three specific lymphocyte mitogens, namely Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (Con A) and Pokeweek mitogen (PWM). |
| 2117 | 2123429 | The responses of CD8+ T cells from IDDM patients and from controls were not significantly different. |
| 2118 | 2123429 | However, CD4+ T cells from IDDM patients showed significantly depressed responses to PHA and Con A and to a much lesser extent to PWM. |
| 2119 | 2123429 | These data provide new information regarding the CD4+ T lymphocyte abnormalities found in patients with IDDM. |
| 2120 | 2124463 | CNT Na-Li, creatinine and lithium clearances (as markers of glomerular filtration rate and proximal tubular sodium reabsorption) have been measured in all subjects and nocturnal urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured in IDDM adolescents. |
| 2121 | 2124781 | Eleven of the 15 patients had definite or probable insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but eight of the 15 were not acidemic despite their ketosis. |
| 2122 | 2125364 | Tumour necrosis factors alpha and beta (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) were measured by ELISA in the supernatants of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from 98 individuals (60 controls and 38 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]). |
| 2123 | 2125364 | In our population study we observed a correlation between the levels of secretion of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma but not TNF-beta. |
| 2124 | 2125364 | Reduced levels of TNF-beta, but not TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma, secretion were found in IDDM patients stimulated with 1 and 5 micrograms/ml of PHA (P = 0.001 and 0.02 respectively). |
| 2125 | 2125364 | Analysis of the natural log-transformed data indicated that only for the TNF-beta levels (at 5 micrograms/ml PHA) could subjects be divided into high and low secretors, which also did not correlate with a particular HLA-B or -DR antigen. |
| 2126 | 2125364 | Tumour necrosis factors alpha and beta (TNF-alpha and TNF-beta) and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) were measured by ELISA in the supernatants of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from 98 individuals (60 controls and 38 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]). |
| 2127 | 2125364 | In our population study we observed a correlation between the levels of secretion of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma but not TNF-beta. |
| 2128 | 2125364 | Reduced levels of TNF-beta, but not TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma, secretion were found in IDDM patients stimulated with 1 and 5 micrograms/ml of PHA (P = 0.001 and 0.02 respectively). |
| 2129 | 2125364 | Analysis of the natural log-transformed data indicated that only for the TNF-beta levels (at 5 micrograms/ml PHA) could subjects be divided into high and low secretors, which also did not correlate with a particular HLA-B or -DR antigen. |
| 2130 | 2132199 | Coat colour phenotype, leucopenia, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in BB rats. |
| 2131 | 2132199 | Susceptibility to IDDM in BB rats is linked to the MHC and to one or two non-MHC genes. |
| 2132 | 2132199 | Coat colour phenotype, leucopenia, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in BB rats. |
| 2133 | 2132199 | Susceptibility to IDDM in BB rats is linked to the MHC and to one or two non-MHC genes. |
| 2134 | 2132202 | The study was undertaken to determine whether overnight insulin requirements were being met during conventional insulin therapy in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 2135 | 2134216 | Our purpose was to compare physicians' assessment of metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with measurements of glycated haemoglobin HbA1c. |
| 2136 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2137 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2138 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2139 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2140 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2141 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2142 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2143 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2144 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2145 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2146 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2147 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2148 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2149 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2150 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2151 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2152 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2153 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2154 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2155 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2156 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2157 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2158 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2159 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2160 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2161 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2162 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2163 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2164 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2165 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2166 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2167 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2168 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2169 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2170 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2171 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2172 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2173 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2174 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2175 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2176 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2177 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2178 | 2137801 | Role of insulin and atrial natriuretic peptide in sodium retention in insulin-treated IDDM patients during isotonic volume expansion. |
| 2179 | 2137801 | Because insulin shows an antinatriuretic effect in healthy humans, insulin therapy resulting in circulating hyperinsulinemia may lead to sodium retention and in turn to hypertension in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2180 | 2137801 | This study investigated the relationship between insulin and ANP in modulating sodium metabolism in normotensive and hypertensive IDDM subjects compared with control groups of normotensive and hypertensive nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2181 | 2137801 | IDDM normotensive and hypertensive subjects received a subcutaneous insulin infusion (15 mU.kg-1.h-1), resulting in twofold higher plasma free-insulin levels (16 +/- 2 and 19 +/- 3 microU/ml, respectively) than in nondiabetic normotensive and hypertensive subjects (7 +/- 2 and 8 +/- 2 microU/ml, respectively). |
| 2182 | 2137801 | At baseline, plasma ANP concentrations were significantly higher in both IDDM groups than in control groups (normotensive IDDM and control subjects: 38 +/- 4 and 19 +/- 2 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.01; hypertensive IDDM and control subjects: 45 +/- 6 and 27 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P less than 0.05). |
| 2183 | 2137801 | After saline challenge, ANP concentrations rose to 39 +/- 4 pg/ml in normotensive and 49 +/- 5 pg/ml in hypertensive control subjects, whereas no significant change above baseline value was seen in IDDM subjects. |
| 2184 | 2137801 | Subcutaneous insulin infusion, resulting in circulating plasma free-insulin levels in normotensive control subjects comparable to those in IDDM patients, inhibited natriuresis, increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption at the level of the kidney, and inhibited an adequate ANP stimulation by saline challenge. |
| 2185 | 2142657 | Previous studies have demonstrated an increased TERalb in established insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM); however, whether increased TERalb is the result of morphological alterations in the microvasculature or contributes to microangiopathies could not be resolved. |
| 2186 | 2142657 | TERalb was examined in awake Wistar rats with untreated IDDM induced by streptozocin infusion (65 mg/kg body wt i.v.) at 24 h and 7 and 15 days and compared with control and insulin-treated 7-day IDDM rats. |
| 2187 | 2142657 | Previous studies have demonstrated an increased TERalb in established insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM); however, whether increased TERalb is the result of morphological alterations in the microvasculature or contributes to microangiopathies could not be resolved. |
| 2188 | 2142657 | TERalb was examined in awake Wistar rats with untreated IDDM induced by streptozocin infusion (65 mg/kg body wt i.v.) at 24 h and 7 and 15 days and compared with control and insulin-treated 7-day IDDM rats. |
| 2189 | 2151227 | We examined the relative roles of renal size, as well as glycemic parameters (HbA1c, glycosylated albumin, plasma glucose) in addition to growth hormone, somatomedin C, beta-hydroxybutyrate, alanine, and glycerol in determining the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). |
| 2190 | 2151227 | Sixty-two insulin-dependent patients with normal urinary albumin excretion rates (AER less than 15 micrograms/min), who were less than 50 years of age, were included in the study. |
| 2191 | 2151227 | We suggest that exact determination of GFR and renal volume should be included in long-term prospective controlled intervention trials in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2192 | 2151228 | Urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain of type IV collagen is associated with kidney size and function in IDDM. |
| 2193 | 2151228 | We evaluated whether urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain (NC1) of Type IV collagen is associated with glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2194 | 2151228 | Urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain of type IV collagen is associated with kidney size and function in IDDM. |
| 2195 | 2151228 | We evaluated whether urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain (NC1) of Type IV collagen is associated with glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2196 | 2155076 | To investigate whether cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection may be related to islet cell antibodies (ICA) production and/or to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, we have analyzed the prevalence of anti-CMV, IgM, and IgG antibodies and of ICA in 80 healthy siblings of IDDM patients (HSIDDP) and in 60 control subjects with negative familiar anamnesis of IDDM. |
| 2197 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2198 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2199 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2200 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2201 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2202 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2203 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2204 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2205 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2206 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2207 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2208 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2209 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2210 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2211 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2212 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2213 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2214 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2215 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2216 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2217 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2218 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2219 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2220 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2221 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2222 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2223 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2224 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2225 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2226 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2227 | 2159034 | Circulating autoantibodies to insulin can be detected in patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the onset of the clinical disease. |
| 2228 | 2159034 | To characterize the autoantibody response in IDDM patients, we determined the frequency of circulating B cells committed to the production of IgM, IgG, and IgA to insulin in 12 newly diagnosed IDDM patients and, for comparison, in 9 healthy subjects and 17 insulin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2229 | 2159034 | We found that B cells committed to the production of anti-insulin IgG, but not IgM, autoantibodies are present at much higher frequency in the circulation of newly diagnosed IDDM patients before insulin treatment (0.209 +/- 0.142%, mean value +/- SD of total IgG-producing cell precursors) as compared with age-matched healthy controls (0.032 +/- 0.030% of total IgG-producing cell precursors). |
| 2230 | 2159034 | In IDDM patients who had been treated with insulin, cells producing IgG antibody to insulin were 0.177 +/- 0.139% of total IgG-producing cell precursors. |
| 2231 | 2159034 | Generation of IgG mAb from B cells of IDDM patients revealed that they were monoreactive, i.e., they bound to insulin, but to none of the other Ag tested, and displayed a high affinity for insulin (Kd approximately 10(-7) moles/liter). |
| 2232 | 2159034 | These findings show that lymphocytes committed to the production of high affinity IgG autoantibodies to insulin are common in the B cell repertoire at the onset of IDDM. |
| 2233 | 2163026 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease with an autoimmune aetiology. |
| 2234 | 2180662 | Urinary excretion of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, glucose, and creatinine was measured in first-void spot urine samples collected 4 days apart in 220 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children (mean age 11.9 yr) attending a summer camp. |
| 2235 | 2180662 | No correlations were found when UCa/Cr, UMg/Cr, or UP/Cr were compared with patient age, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, or insulin dosage. |
| 2236 | 2180662 | The data suggest that children with IDDM could be at risk for mineral deficiencies in the absence of intensive insulin management. |
| 2237 | 2180662 | Urinary excretion of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, glucose, and creatinine was measured in first-void spot urine samples collected 4 days apart in 220 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children (mean age 11.9 yr) attending a summer camp. |
| 2238 | 2180662 | No correlations were found when UCa/Cr, UMg/Cr, or UP/Cr were compared with patient age, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, or insulin dosage. |
| 2239 | 2180662 | The data suggest that children with IDDM could be at risk for mineral deficiencies in the absence of intensive insulin management. |
| 2240 | 2185106 | It is unknown among first-degree relatives of individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) whether the disease process occurs in relatively few but always progresses to clinical IDDM or whether subclinical disease is more common but remains nonprogressive in many cases. |
| 2241 | 2185663 | We used D-[U-11C]glucose to evaluate transport and metabolism of glucose in the brain in eight nondiabetic and six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 2242 | 2185663 | IDDM subjects were treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 2243 | 2185663 | We used D-[U-11C]glucose to evaluate transport and metabolism of glucose in the brain in eight nondiabetic and six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 2244 | 2185663 | IDDM subjects were treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 2245 | 2185936 | To investigate whether the unexpectedly high C-peptide levels in some insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients are due to co-determination of proinsulin bound to circulating insulin antibodies, 36 randomly selected sera from IDDM patients were assayed for C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) after polyethylene glycol (PEG) extraction, preceding incubation with proinsulin binding antibodies (LAB + PEG) or without pretreatment of the sera. |
| 2246 | 2186962 | The Pittsburgh project evaluating the epidemiology and etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is currently one of the large ongoing studies of childhood diabetes. |
| 2247 | 2187116 | Extension of the model to include response to oral glucose administration and application to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2248 | 2187116 | The results obtained after suitable reduction in some of the parameters are in agreement with the clinical profile and laboratory data in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2249 | 2187116 | Extension of the model to include response to oral glucose administration and application to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2250 | 2187116 | The results obtained after suitable reduction in some of the parameters are in agreement with the clinical profile and laboratory data in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2251 | 2187453 | Several lines of evidence suggest that phagocyte-mediated oxidative processes are involved in damage to pancreatic islet cells of Type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2252 | 2187453 | By contrast, whole blood CL responses to soluble stimuli such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), concanavalin A (Con-A) and F Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) were significantly higher than in the control group of 52 normal subjects (P less than 0.01). |
| 2253 | 2187461 | Supratypes and ancestral haplotypes in IDDM: potential importance of central non-HLA MHC genes. |
| 2254 | 2187461 | This approach avoids the confusion which has resulted from using DR3 or DR4 which are only sometimes associated with the relevant genes. |
| 2255 | 2189763 | Insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) occur in newly diagnosed human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but their presence in BB rats is controversial, possibly due to assay differences or variability in the animals studied. |
| 2256 | 2189884 | An exogenous insulin administration-modified, frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for application in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) to allow for estimation of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with Bergman's minimal model of glucose kinetics was investigated. |
| 2257 | 2189884 | SI and SG were quantified in insulin-requiring newly diagnosed IDDM and in noninsulin-requiring IDDM in clinical remission with the exogenous insulin administration protocol. |
| 2258 | 2189884 | SI was normalized in IDDM in clinical remission despite a continued poor insulin secretory response to both glucose and tolbutamide. |
| 2259 | 2189884 | In conclusion, our results demonstrate that modification of the FSIGT with the exogenous administration of insulin allows for estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in IDDM patients. |
| 2260 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 2261 | 2189884 | An exogenous insulin administration-modified, frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for application in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) to allow for estimation of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with Bergman's minimal model of glucose kinetics was investigated. |
| 2262 | 2189884 | SI and SG were quantified in insulin-requiring newly diagnosed IDDM and in noninsulin-requiring IDDM in clinical remission with the exogenous insulin administration protocol. |
| 2263 | 2189884 | SI was normalized in IDDM in clinical remission despite a continued poor insulin secretory response to both glucose and tolbutamide. |
| 2264 | 2189884 | In conclusion, our results demonstrate that modification of the FSIGT with the exogenous administration of insulin allows for estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in IDDM patients. |
| 2265 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 2266 | 2189884 | An exogenous insulin administration-modified, frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for application in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) to allow for estimation of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with Bergman's minimal model of glucose kinetics was investigated. |
| 2267 | 2189884 | SI and SG were quantified in insulin-requiring newly diagnosed IDDM and in noninsulin-requiring IDDM in clinical remission with the exogenous insulin administration protocol. |
| 2268 | 2189884 | SI was normalized in IDDM in clinical remission despite a continued poor insulin secretory response to both glucose and tolbutamide. |
| 2269 | 2189884 | In conclusion, our results demonstrate that modification of the FSIGT with the exogenous administration of insulin allows for estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in IDDM patients. |
| 2270 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 2271 | 2189884 | An exogenous insulin administration-modified, frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for application in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) to allow for estimation of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with Bergman's minimal model of glucose kinetics was investigated. |
| 2272 | 2189884 | SI and SG were quantified in insulin-requiring newly diagnosed IDDM and in noninsulin-requiring IDDM in clinical remission with the exogenous insulin administration protocol. |
| 2273 | 2189884 | SI was normalized in IDDM in clinical remission despite a continued poor insulin secretory response to both glucose and tolbutamide. |
| 2274 | 2189884 | In conclusion, our results demonstrate that modification of the FSIGT with the exogenous administration of insulin allows for estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in IDDM patients. |
| 2275 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 2276 | 2189884 | An exogenous insulin administration-modified, frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) for application in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) to allow for estimation of insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose effectiveness (SG) with Bergman's minimal model of glucose kinetics was investigated. |
| 2277 | 2189884 | SI and SG were quantified in insulin-requiring newly diagnosed IDDM and in noninsulin-requiring IDDM in clinical remission with the exogenous insulin administration protocol. |
| 2278 | 2189884 | SI was normalized in IDDM in clinical remission despite a continued poor insulin secretory response to both glucose and tolbutamide. |
| 2279 | 2189884 | In conclusion, our results demonstrate that modification of the FSIGT with the exogenous administration of insulin allows for estimation of insulin sensitivity and glucose effectiveness in IDDM patients. |
| 2280 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 2281 | 2189897 | The effect of improved metabolic control on the clinical periodontal condition and the subgingival microflora of diseased and healthy periodontal pockets in 6 ambulatory insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients was prospectively studied. |
| 2282 | 2189896 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a progressive autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 2283 | 2190280 | Ultimately, the origin of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM must be traced to insulin lack, with its associated derangements in cellular metabolism. |
| 2284 | 2190767 | Little information is available regarding the optimal timing of exercise in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2285 | 2190767 | In this study, six IDDM patients receiving ultralente-based intensive insulin therapy were studied during 30 min of exercise (approximately 60% VO2max), before breakfast, and at 1600. |
| 2286 | 2190767 | Because of the lower risk of hypoglycemia, our results suggest prebreakfast exercise may be preferable for some IDDM patients receiving intensive insulin therapy. |
| 2287 | 2190767 | Little information is available regarding the optimal timing of exercise in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2288 | 2190767 | In this study, six IDDM patients receiving ultralente-based intensive insulin therapy were studied during 30 min of exercise (approximately 60% VO2max), before breakfast, and at 1600. |
| 2289 | 2190767 | Because of the lower risk of hypoglycemia, our results suggest prebreakfast exercise may be preferable for some IDDM patients receiving intensive insulin therapy. |
| 2290 | 2190767 | Little information is available regarding the optimal timing of exercise in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2291 | 2190767 | In this study, six IDDM patients receiving ultralente-based intensive insulin therapy were studied during 30 min of exercise (approximately 60% VO2max), before breakfast, and at 1600. |
| 2292 | 2190767 | Because of the lower risk of hypoglycemia, our results suggest prebreakfast exercise may be preferable for some IDDM patients receiving intensive insulin therapy. |
| 2293 | 2190769 | To test the hypothesis that nocturnal hypoglycemia causes postprandial hyperglycemia the next day (the Somogyi phenomenon) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied 10 moderately well controlled patients, who were on their usual therapeutic regimens, from 2000 to 2000 on three occasions. |
| 2294 | 2190773 | Hypoglycemia risk during exercise after intramuscular injection of insulin in thigh in IDDM. |
| 2295 | 2190773 | The influence of bicycle exercise (60% of W170 [working capacity at a pulse rate of 170 beats/min]; 40 min) on the absorption of 125I-labeled fast-acting insulin (10 U; Actrapid human insulin) after intramuscular compared with subcutaneous injection in the thigh was studied on 2 consecutive days in 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2296 | 2190773 | Hypoglycemia risk during exercise after intramuscular injection of insulin in thigh in IDDM. |
| 2297 | 2190773 | The influence of bicycle exercise (60% of W170 [working capacity at a pulse rate of 170 beats/min]; 40 min) on the absorption of 125I-labeled fast-acting insulin (10 U; Actrapid human insulin) after intramuscular compared with subcutaneous injection in the thigh was studied on 2 consecutive days in 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2298 | 2190782 | Isolated rat islets were incubated in the presence of immunoglobulin preparations from patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, NIDDM) and healthy subjects, and stimulated with D-glucose, L-arginine or tolbutamide. |
| 2299 | 2190782 | Immunoglobulin fractions negative for ICSA either from four patients with recently diagnosed IDDM or from four newly diagnosed NIDDM patients had only negligible effect on insulin release after stimulation with glucose. |
| 2300 | 2190782 | These results suggest that ICSA in IDDM patients, even in the absence of complement or lymphocytes, may preferentially interfere with the mechanisms of glucose-stimulated insulin release in the pancreatic B cells. |
| 2301 | 2190782 | Isolated rat islets were incubated in the presence of immunoglobulin preparations from patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, NIDDM) and healthy subjects, and stimulated with D-glucose, L-arginine or tolbutamide. |
| 2302 | 2190782 | Immunoglobulin fractions negative for ICSA either from four patients with recently diagnosed IDDM or from four newly diagnosed NIDDM patients had only negligible effect on insulin release after stimulation with glucose. |
| 2303 | 2190782 | These results suggest that ICSA in IDDM patients, even in the absence of complement or lymphocytes, may preferentially interfere with the mechanisms of glucose-stimulated insulin release in the pancreatic B cells. |
| 2304 | 2190782 | Isolated rat islets were incubated in the presence of immunoglobulin preparations from patients with insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, NIDDM) and healthy subjects, and stimulated with D-glucose, L-arginine or tolbutamide. |
| 2305 | 2190782 | Immunoglobulin fractions negative for ICSA either from four patients with recently diagnosed IDDM or from four newly diagnosed NIDDM patients had only negligible effect on insulin release after stimulation with glucose. |
| 2306 | 2190782 | These results suggest that ICSA in IDDM patients, even in the absence of complement or lymphocytes, may preferentially interfere with the mechanisms of glucose-stimulated insulin release in the pancreatic B cells. |
| 2307 | 2191074 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are the experimental prototype of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2308 | 2191882 | This perspective deals with prediction of overt diabetic nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2309 | 2191882 | Herein, I analyzed alternatives to microalbuminuria in predicting kidney disease in diabetes. 1) Parental predisposition to hypertension is not seen in all studies and therefore may not be a decisive factor, and it cannot be used in prediction of nephropathy. 2) Prediabetic blood pressure may predict nephropathy in certain non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, but elevated blood pressure seems to develop after early microalbuminuria and is likely to be an aggravating factor in established microalbuminuria in IDDM patients. 3) At the clinical diagnosis of IDDM, diabetic nephropathy cannot be predicted. 4) Glycemic control is poor in normoalbuminuric patients with later development of microalbuminuria, and multiple glycosylated hemoglobin measurements are therefore important. 5) In diabetes, glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with late nephropathy, but it alone cannot be the decisive factor, because hyperfiltration in nondiabetic individuals does not produce kidney disease, according to new long-term follow-up studies. 6) Studies of glomerular structure and ultrastructure have not yet documented predictive values for overt nephropathy, but further studies are in progress. 7) Isolated blood pressure elevation without microabuminuria (probably representing essential hypertension in diabetes) has not been predictive. 8) It is clear that elevation of serum creatinine is a very late and insensitive parameter, occurring only with pronounced proteinuria. |
| 2310 | 2191882 | This perspective deals with prediction of overt diabetic nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2311 | 2191882 | Herein, I analyzed alternatives to microalbuminuria in predicting kidney disease in diabetes. 1) Parental predisposition to hypertension is not seen in all studies and therefore may not be a decisive factor, and it cannot be used in prediction of nephropathy. 2) Prediabetic blood pressure may predict nephropathy in certain non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, but elevated blood pressure seems to develop after early microalbuminuria and is likely to be an aggravating factor in established microalbuminuria in IDDM patients. 3) At the clinical diagnosis of IDDM, diabetic nephropathy cannot be predicted. 4) Glycemic control is poor in normoalbuminuric patients with later development of microalbuminuria, and multiple glycosylated hemoglobin measurements are therefore important. 5) In diabetes, glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with late nephropathy, but it alone cannot be the decisive factor, because hyperfiltration in nondiabetic individuals does not produce kidney disease, according to new long-term follow-up studies. 6) Studies of glomerular structure and ultrastructure have not yet documented predictive values for overt nephropathy, but further studies are in progress. 7) Isolated blood pressure elevation without microabuminuria (probably representing essential hypertension in diabetes) has not been predictive. 8) It is clear that elevation of serum creatinine is a very late and insensitive parameter, occurring only with pronounced proteinuria. |
| 2312 | 2195734 | A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled international multicenter trial including 188 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients was undertaken with the aim of investigating whether immunosuppression for one year with ciklosporin (Cs) could induce and maintain clinical remission and improvement of beta-cell function. |
| 2313 | 2197139 | Intensive insulin therapy in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported to result in a prolonged increase in endogenous insulin-secreting capacity. |
| 2314 | 2197139 | Because the clinical onset of IDDM occurs only after most insulin-secreting beta-cells have been destroyed, we tested whether prophylactic insulin therapy might prevent IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 2315 | 2197139 | These results suggest that prophylactic insulin therapy to prevent IDDM in humans should be considered for clinical trials. |
| 2316 | 2197139 | Intensive insulin therapy in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported to result in a prolonged increase in endogenous insulin-secreting capacity. |
| 2317 | 2197139 | Because the clinical onset of IDDM occurs only after most insulin-secreting beta-cells have been destroyed, we tested whether prophylactic insulin therapy might prevent IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 2318 | 2197139 | These results suggest that prophylactic insulin therapy to prevent IDDM in humans should be considered for clinical trials. |
| 2319 | 2197139 | Intensive insulin therapy in patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported to result in a prolonged increase in endogenous insulin-secreting capacity. |
| 2320 | 2197139 | Because the clinical onset of IDDM occurs only after most insulin-secreting beta-cells have been destroyed, we tested whether prophylactic insulin therapy might prevent IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 2321 | 2197139 | These results suggest that prophylactic insulin therapy to prevent IDDM in humans should be considered for clinical trials. |
| 2322 | 2198433 | The insulin effect (6.5 to 7.5 hours) following hypoglycemia was studied with the euglycemic clamp technique in eight patients with insulin-dependent diabeteses mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2323 | 2200729 | Previous studies showed that islet cell autoantibodies are present at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and in rodent models of this disease. |
| 2324 | 2200731 | To determine the prevalence and predictive value of islet cell antibodies (ICAs) for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in 1212 Finnish children aged 3-18 yr, samples for ICA determination were taken in 1980, and subsequent analyses were performed in originally ICA+ children and in 296 initially ICA- children in 1983 and 1986. |
| 2325 | 2201495 | The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Max EPA (a commercially available fish oil preparation) on serum cholesterol lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men with dosages that were likely to be acceptable to patients. |
| 2326 | 2201495 | Changes in apolipoproteins were examined and showed that the level of apolipoprotein A-I increased after ingestion of fish oil and correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with the rise in HDL cholesterol. |
| 2327 | 2201498 | We evaluated the autonomic influence on pregnancy outcome with prospective study of 100 consecutive pregnancies in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2328 | 2201500 | Cyclosporin and other immunosuppressive agents have been proposed as a preventive treatment against the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in relatives at increased risk for the disease, based on the understanding that its etiology is an ongoing process of autoimmune beta-cell destruction. |
| 2329 | 2202883 | In addition, ICA-positive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients had lower values of FBG (8.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P less than .01 v ICA-negative IDDs) and HbA1c (9.2% +/- 0.2%, P less than .05 v ICA-negative IDDs) than ICA-negative ones (FBG, 9.9 +/- 0.4 mmol/L; HbA1c, 9.8% +/- 0.2%). |
| 2330 | 2203875 | The predictive capability of the glycaemic response to spaghetti in non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and insulin dependent (IDDM) diabetic subjects. |
| 2331 | 2203875 | We found that the areas of blood glucose (above basal) were identical irrespective of whether spaghetti was taken alone or as part of a mixed meal in both NIDDM (484 +/- 154 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 393 +/- 126 mmol l-1 240 min-1) and IDDM subjects (610 +/- 143 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 770 +/- 135 mmol l-1 240 min-1). |
| 2332 | 2203875 | The insulin levels were identical in the IDDM diabetics. |
| 2333 | 2203875 | The predictive capability of the glycaemic response to spaghetti in non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and insulin dependent (IDDM) diabetic subjects. |
| 2334 | 2203875 | We found that the areas of blood glucose (above basal) were identical irrespective of whether spaghetti was taken alone or as part of a mixed meal in both NIDDM (484 +/- 154 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 393 +/- 126 mmol l-1 240 min-1) and IDDM subjects (610 +/- 143 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 770 +/- 135 mmol l-1 240 min-1). |
| 2335 | 2203875 | The insulin levels were identical in the IDDM diabetics. |
| 2336 | 2203875 | The predictive capability of the glycaemic response to spaghetti in non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and insulin dependent (IDDM) diabetic subjects. |
| 2337 | 2203875 | We found that the areas of blood glucose (above basal) were identical irrespective of whether spaghetti was taken alone or as part of a mixed meal in both NIDDM (484 +/- 154 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 393 +/- 126 mmol l-1 240 min-1) and IDDM subjects (610 +/- 143 mmol l-1 240 min-1 vs. 770 +/- 135 mmol l-1 240 min-1). |
| 2338 | 2203875 | The insulin levels were identical in the IDDM diabetics. |
| 2339 | 2204503 | We have previously shown the presence of circulating islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) in the NOD mouse before onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2340 | 2204602 | Insulin induced proliferation of blood mononuclear cells, numbers of blood B and T cells, of blood lymphocytes bearing interleukin 2 receptors or HLA class II molecules were assayed at diagnosis and one year later in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in healthy children. |
| 2341 | 2204602 | T cells of the helper/inducer (CD4+) phenotype and interleukin 2 receptor positive lymphocytes were increased both at diagnosis and one year later. |
| 2342 | 2206115 | Modern management of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a specialised area, usually undertaken as a team effort by general practitioner, diabetes specialist, diabetes educator and dietitian. |
| 2343 | 2209298 | Lack of cutaneous hyperemia in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM. |
| 2344 | 2209298 | Cutaneous blood flow was measured with the laser Doppler technique and by recording cutaneous O2 tension on the forearm and forehead in nine young adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects after induction of hypoglycemia. |
| 2345 | 2209298 | Lack of cutaneous hyperemia in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM. |
| 2346 | 2209298 | Cutaneous blood flow was measured with the laser Doppler technique and by recording cutaneous O2 tension on the forearm and forehead in nine young adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine sex- and age-matched healthy control subjects after induction of hypoglycemia. |
| 2347 | 2209301 | The goal of this study was to measure the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during 1984-1986 in residents of Turin, Italy, aged less than 30 yr. |
| 2348 | 2209303 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most important chronic diseases of children worldwide. |
| 2349 | 2209324 | The goal of this study was to describe a patient who developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after donating a kidney to his sibling and to suggest a possible solution to prevent such an occurrence. |
| 2350 | 2209324 | Both oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests demonstrated a gradual loss of insulin secretion and increasing glucose intolerance until the patient developed IDDM 6 yr after the nephrectomy. |
| 2351 | 2209324 | The goal of this study was to describe a patient who developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after donating a kidney to his sibling and to suggest a possible solution to prevent such an occurrence. |
| 2352 | 2209324 | Both oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests demonstrated a gradual loss of insulin secretion and increasing glucose intolerance until the patient developed IDDM 6 yr after the nephrectomy. |
| 2353 | 2209752 | Then the corneal autofluorescence was determined in 22 healthy controls, 18 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). 23 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 21 penetrating keratoplasty patients in order to detect a possible difference in autofluorescence as a result of diabetes or penetrating keratoplasty. |
| 2354 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 2355 | 2210059 | During the insulin-clamp study performed in subjects with poorly controlled IDDM, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) all decreased (50.1 +/- 2.0 to 26.4 +/- 0.4; 9.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 0.3; 40.9 +/- 2.0 to 20.4 +/- 2.0 mumol.m-2.min-1, respectively) to the same extent as in control subjects. |
| 2356 | 2210059 | To examine the effect of substrate availability on leucine turnover, well-regulated IDDM and control subjects underwent a repeat insulin-clamp study combined with a balanced amino acid infusion designed to increase circulating plasma amino acid levels approximately twofold. |
| 2357 | 2210059 | Under these conditions, NOLD was equally enhanced above baseline in both control and IDDM subjects (P less than .01), whereas ELF was inhibited to a greater extent (P less than .01) than during the insulin clamp performed without amino acid infusion (control vs. diabetic subjects, NS). |
| 2358 | 2210059 | In conclusion, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism is severely impaired in subjects with both poorly controlled and well-controlled IDDM, whereas the effect of acute insulin infusion on leucine turnover is normal, and combined hyperaminoacidemia/hyperinsulinemia stimulated NOLD to a similar extent in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2359 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 2360 | 2210059 | During the insulin-clamp study performed in subjects with poorly controlled IDDM, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) all decreased (50.1 +/- 2.0 to 26.4 +/- 0.4; 9.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 0.3; 40.9 +/- 2.0 to 20.4 +/- 2.0 mumol.m-2.min-1, respectively) to the same extent as in control subjects. |
| 2361 | 2210059 | To examine the effect of substrate availability on leucine turnover, well-regulated IDDM and control subjects underwent a repeat insulin-clamp study combined with a balanced amino acid infusion designed to increase circulating plasma amino acid levels approximately twofold. |
| 2362 | 2210059 | Under these conditions, NOLD was equally enhanced above baseline in both control and IDDM subjects (P less than .01), whereas ELF was inhibited to a greater extent (P less than .01) than during the insulin clamp performed without amino acid infusion (control vs. diabetic subjects, NS). |
| 2363 | 2210059 | In conclusion, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism is severely impaired in subjects with both poorly controlled and well-controlled IDDM, whereas the effect of acute insulin infusion on leucine turnover is normal, and combined hyperaminoacidemia/hyperinsulinemia stimulated NOLD to a similar extent in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2364 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 2365 | 2210059 | During the insulin-clamp study performed in subjects with poorly controlled IDDM, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) all decreased (50.1 +/- 2.0 to 26.4 +/- 0.4; 9.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 0.3; 40.9 +/- 2.0 to 20.4 +/- 2.0 mumol.m-2.min-1, respectively) to the same extent as in control subjects. |
| 2366 | 2210059 | To examine the effect of substrate availability on leucine turnover, well-regulated IDDM and control subjects underwent a repeat insulin-clamp study combined with a balanced amino acid infusion designed to increase circulating plasma amino acid levels approximately twofold. |
| 2367 | 2210059 | Under these conditions, NOLD was equally enhanced above baseline in both control and IDDM subjects (P less than .01), whereas ELF was inhibited to a greater extent (P less than .01) than during the insulin clamp performed without amino acid infusion (control vs. diabetic subjects, NS). |
| 2368 | 2210059 | In conclusion, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism is severely impaired in subjects with both poorly controlled and well-controlled IDDM, whereas the effect of acute insulin infusion on leucine turnover is normal, and combined hyperaminoacidemia/hyperinsulinemia stimulated NOLD to a similar extent in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2369 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 2370 | 2210059 | During the insulin-clamp study performed in subjects with poorly controlled IDDM, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) all decreased (50.1 +/- 2.0 to 26.4 +/- 0.4; 9.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 0.3; 40.9 +/- 2.0 to 20.4 +/- 2.0 mumol.m-2.min-1, respectively) to the same extent as in control subjects. |
| 2371 | 2210059 | To examine the effect of substrate availability on leucine turnover, well-regulated IDDM and control subjects underwent a repeat insulin-clamp study combined with a balanced amino acid infusion designed to increase circulating plasma amino acid levels approximately twofold. |
| 2372 | 2210059 | Under these conditions, NOLD was equally enhanced above baseline in both control and IDDM subjects (P less than .01), whereas ELF was inhibited to a greater extent (P less than .01) than during the insulin clamp performed without amino acid infusion (control vs. diabetic subjects, NS). |
| 2373 | 2210059 | In conclusion, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism is severely impaired in subjects with both poorly controlled and well-controlled IDDM, whereas the effect of acute insulin infusion on leucine turnover is normal, and combined hyperaminoacidemia/hyperinsulinemia stimulated NOLD to a similar extent in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2374 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 2375 | 2210059 | During the insulin-clamp study performed in subjects with poorly controlled IDDM, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) all decreased (50.1 +/- 2.0 to 26.4 +/- 0.4; 9.2 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 0.3; 40.9 +/- 2.0 to 20.4 +/- 2.0 mumol.m-2.min-1, respectively) to the same extent as in control subjects. |
| 2376 | 2210059 | To examine the effect of substrate availability on leucine turnover, well-regulated IDDM and control subjects underwent a repeat insulin-clamp study combined with a balanced amino acid infusion designed to increase circulating plasma amino acid levels approximately twofold. |
| 2377 | 2210059 | Under these conditions, NOLD was equally enhanced above baseline in both control and IDDM subjects (P less than .01), whereas ELF was inhibited to a greater extent (P less than .01) than during the insulin clamp performed without amino acid infusion (control vs. diabetic subjects, NS). |
| 2378 | 2210059 | In conclusion, insulin-mediated glucose metabolism is severely impaired in subjects with both poorly controlled and well-controlled IDDM, whereas the effect of acute insulin infusion on leucine turnover is normal, and combined hyperaminoacidemia/hyperinsulinemia stimulated NOLD to a similar extent in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2379 | 2210066 | The analysis of HLA-DQ beta nucleotide sequence polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and control subjects suggests a role for the DQ beta-chain in genetic susceptibility. |
| 2380 | 2210066 | However, important exceptions to this pattern have been identified in the analysis of heterozygous DR1/4 IDDM patients. |
| 2381 | 2210066 | The analysis of HLA-DQ beta nucleotide sequence polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and control subjects suggests a role for the DQ beta-chain in genetic susceptibility. |
| 2382 | 2210066 | However, important exceptions to this pattern have been identified in the analysis of heterozygous DR1/4 IDDM patients. |
| 2383 | 2210067 | Our understanding of the role of HLA genes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is in disarray, despite recent improvements in the definition of specific alleles and haplotypes. |
| 2384 | 2212030 | Cognitive functioning after a mild hypoglycemic episode (MHE) was studied in 24 school-age children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2385 | 2217170 | The presence of an amino acid other than aspartic acid at position 57 of the HLA-DQ beta chain (non-Asp-57) is highly associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas an aspartic acid at this position (Asp-57) appears to confer resistance to the disease. |
| 2386 | 2218782 | The major genetic markers associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the possession of the HLA alleles DR3/DR4 and more recently the absence of aspartate in the 57th position on the beta-chain of the HLA DQ gene (HLA DQ beta Asp 57 negative). |
| 2387 | 2218782 | The most important auto-immune marker for predicting preclinical IDDM is the presence of high titres (greater than 40 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units) of islet cell antibodies (ICA), while the finding of insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) is a good predictive marker in children less than 5 years of age. |
| 2388 | 2218782 | The progressive decline of the first phase of insulin secretion in response to an intravenous glucose challenge is associated with the onset of IDDM within 18 months. |
| 2389 | 2218782 | The major genetic markers associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the possession of the HLA alleles DR3/DR4 and more recently the absence of aspartate in the 57th position on the beta-chain of the HLA DQ gene (HLA DQ beta Asp 57 negative). |
| 2390 | 2218782 | The most important auto-immune marker for predicting preclinical IDDM is the presence of high titres (greater than 40 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units) of islet cell antibodies (ICA), while the finding of insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) is a good predictive marker in children less than 5 years of age. |
| 2391 | 2218782 | The progressive decline of the first phase of insulin secretion in response to an intravenous glucose challenge is associated with the onset of IDDM within 18 months. |
| 2392 | 2218782 | The major genetic markers associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the possession of the HLA alleles DR3/DR4 and more recently the absence of aspartate in the 57th position on the beta-chain of the HLA DQ gene (HLA DQ beta Asp 57 negative). |
| 2393 | 2218782 | The most important auto-immune marker for predicting preclinical IDDM is the presence of high titres (greater than 40 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units) of islet cell antibodies (ICA), while the finding of insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) is a good predictive marker in children less than 5 years of age. |
| 2394 | 2218782 | The progressive decline of the first phase of insulin secretion in response to an intravenous glucose challenge is associated with the onset of IDDM within 18 months. |
| 2395 | 2223554 | End-point titers of islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were determined in 144 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 98 siblings to such patients, and 188 controls using a microwell indirect immunofluorescence assay with an insulin-producing cell line of Syrian hamster origin. |
| 2396 | 2226121 | ICA were found in three (8.6%) IDDM patients and five (6.8%) insulin-requiring NIDDM patients; six of the eight were also CF-ICA positive. |
| 2397 | 2226121 | There were no differences between insulin-requiring (IDDM) and NIDDM subjects or between younger (less than 30 years) and older patients. |
| 2398 | 2226121 | ICA were found in three (8.6%) IDDM patients and five (6.8%) insulin-requiring NIDDM patients; six of the eight were also CF-ICA positive. |
| 2399 | 2226121 | There were no differences between insulin-requiring (IDDM) and NIDDM subjects or between younger (less than 30 years) and older patients. |
| 2400 | 2226125 | The total insulin dosage and its distribution throughout the day were evaluated in newly diagnosed Spanish IDDM patients treated with semisynthetic human insulin. |
| 2401 | 2226381 | Blood glucose (BG) response to psychological stress in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients has not been firmly established. |
| 2402 | 2227105 | For insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the best-fitting risk models are those with a single major locus with residual polygenic factors. |
| 2403 | 2227120 | To examine the impact of diabetes and its treatment on plasma free-fatty acid (FFA) and oxidative fuel metabolism during hypoglycemia, we combined indirect calorimetry with [3-3H]glucose during a 4-h low-dose insulin infusion (plasma insulin approximately 2-fold above basal) in six poorly controlled and nine well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and in six healthy subjects. |
| 2404 | 2227120 | We conclude that poorly controlled IDDM diabetic patients are resistant to the antilipolytic effects of insulin and show impaired stimulation of glucose oxidation during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 2405 | 2227120 | To examine the impact of diabetes and its treatment on plasma free-fatty acid (FFA) and oxidative fuel metabolism during hypoglycemia, we combined indirect calorimetry with [3-3H]glucose during a 4-h low-dose insulin infusion (plasma insulin approximately 2-fold above basal) in six poorly controlled and nine well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and in six healthy subjects. |
| 2406 | 2227120 | We conclude that poorly controlled IDDM diabetic patients are resistant to the antilipolytic effects of insulin and show impaired stimulation of glucose oxidation during insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 2407 | 2227128 | Lack of predictive value of islet cell antibodies, insulin antibodies, and HLA-DR phenotype for remission in cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2408 | 2227128 | The effect of immunosuppression on the humoral immune response to islet autoantigens and exogenously administered insulin and the predictive value of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICAs), insulin antibodies (IAs), and HLA-DR phenotype for remission during immunosuppression were studied in a prospective randomized double-blind trial of cyclosporin administration in 98 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2409 | 2227128 | HLA-DR phenotype and glycosylated hemoglobin were determined at study entry, and insulin requirement, glucagon-stimulated C-peptide, ICAs, and IAs were measured at entry and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of follow-up. |
| 2410 | 2227128 | Cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients ICA+ at study entry had higher levels of stimulated C-peptide after 1 mo of study, but the increased beta-cell function was not associated with a higher frequency of insulin-free remission at 1 mo. |
| 2411 | 2227128 | Lack of predictive value of islet cell antibodies, insulin antibodies, and HLA-DR phenotype for remission in cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2412 | 2227128 | The effect of immunosuppression on the humoral immune response to islet autoantigens and exogenously administered insulin and the predictive value of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICAs), insulin antibodies (IAs), and HLA-DR phenotype for remission during immunosuppression were studied in a prospective randomized double-blind trial of cyclosporin administration in 98 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2413 | 2227128 | HLA-DR phenotype and glycosylated hemoglobin were determined at study entry, and insulin requirement, glucagon-stimulated C-peptide, ICAs, and IAs were measured at entry and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of follow-up. |
| 2414 | 2227128 | Cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients ICA+ at study entry had higher levels of stimulated C-peptide after 1 mo of study, but the increased beta-cell function was not associated with a higher frequency of insulin-free remission at 1 mo. |
| 2415 | 2227128 | Lack of predictive value of islet cell antibodies, insulin antibodies, and HLA-DR phenotype for remission in cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients. |
| 2416 | 2227128 | The effect of immunosuppression on the humoral immune response to islet autoantigens and exogenously administered insulin and the predictive value of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICAs), insulin antibodies (IAs), and HLA-DR phenotype for remission during immunosuppression were studied in a prospective randomized double-blind trial of cyclosporin administration in 98 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2417 | 2227128 | HLA-DR phenotype and glycosylated hemoglobin were determined at study entry, and insulin requirement, glucagon-stimulated C-peptide, ICAs, and IAs were measured at entry and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of follow-up. |
| 2418 | 2227128 | Cyclosporin-treated IDDM patients ICA+ at study entry had higher levels of stimulated C-peptide after 1 mo of study, but the increased beta-cell function was not associated with a higher frequency of insulin-free remission at 1 mo. |
| 2419 | 2227133 | Two hundred nine consecutive normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients were followed prospectively from November 1982 to January 1988. |
| 2420 | 2227136 | The HLA-DQ beta-chain (DQB1) genes of 72 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 85 control subjects were studied with polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) amplification and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization. |
| 2421 | 2227136 | The DRB1 gene, particularly position 57 of the DR beta-chain, may contribute to IDDM susceptibility in Japanese. |
| 2422 | 2227136 | The HLA-DQ beta-chain (DQB1) genes of 72 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 85 control subjects were studied with polymerase chain-reaction (PCR) amplification and allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization. |
| 2423 | 2227136 | The DRB1 gene, particularly position 57 of the DR beta-chain, may contribute to IDDM susceptibility in Japanese. |
| 2424 | 2227793 | [DNA sequence analysis of HLA-DQB genes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese]. |
| 2425 | 2227793 | Recently it has been reported that 57th amino acid of DQ beta antigen was a non-aspartic acid in the most Caucasian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2426 | 2227793 | In order to determine the possible significance of the 57th amino acid of DQ beta chain for the susceptibility to IDDM in Japanese, we performed DNA Sequence analysis of HLA-DQB from Japanese IDDM patient, its same HLA genotyped healthy sibling and B cell line with Japanese IDDM associated haplotype. |
| 2427 | 2227793 | [DNA sequence analysis of HLA-DQB genes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese]. |
| 2428 | 2227793 | Recently it has been reported that 57th amino acid of DQ beta antigen was a non-aspartic acid in the most Caucasian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2429 | 2227793 | In order to determine the possible significance of the 57th amino acid of DQ beta chain for the susceptibility to IDDM in Japanese, we performed DNA Sequence analysis of HLA-DQB from Japanese IDDM patient, its same HLA genotyped healthy sibling and B cell line with Japanese IDDM associated haplotype. |
| 2430 | 2232625 | The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of 40 mg of the beta-blocker penbutolol (Betapressin TM; Hoechst Ltd., Frankfurt/Main) in comparison to placebo on the insulin consumption on the blood sugar profile in twelve insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) patients. |
| 2431 | 2232625 | The same was also true for hormonal parameters as STH, ACTH, cortisol, and catecholamines. |
| 2432 | 2239297 | Serum levels of glycated albumin in non-diabetic and insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 2433 | 2239297 | The serum levels of glycated albumin (GA) in 83 non-diabetic children and 26 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). |
| 2434 | 2245874 | BB/E rats spontaneously develop a form of autoimmune diabetes resembling insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 2435 | 2245874 | IDDM results from central destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. |
| 2436 | 2245874 | Herein, we report that the outbreak of IDDM in BB/E rats is preceded by the spontaneous development of an anti-idiotypic antibody to a particular antibody to insulin made by the rats. |
| 2437 | 2245874 | Thus, a spontaneous anti-idiotypic antibody network whose products can affect the peripheral utilization of insulin seems to accompany the central destruction of beta-cells in developing IDDM. |
| 2438 | 2245874 | BB/E rats spontaneously develop a form of autoimmune diabetes resembling insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 2439 | 2245874 | IDDM results from central destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. |
| 2440 | 2245874 | Herein, we report that the outbreak of IDDM in BB/E rats is preceded by the spontaneous development of an anti-idiotypic antibody to a particular antibody to insulin made by the rats. |
| 2441 | 2245874 | Thus, a spontaneous anti-idiotypic antibody network whose products can affect the peripheral utilization of insulin seems to accompany the central destruction of beta-cells in developing IDDM. |
| 2442 | 2245874 | BB/E rats spontaneously develop a form of autoimmune diabetes resembling insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 2443 | 2245874 | IDDM results from central destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. |
| 2444 | 2245874 | Herein, we report that the outbreak of IDDM in BB/E rats is preceded by the spontaneous development of an anti-idiotypic antibody to a particular antibody to insulin made by the rats. |
| 2445 | 2245874 | Thus, a spontaneous anti-idiotypic antibody network whose products can affect the peripheral utilization of insulin seems to accompany the central destruction of beta-cells in developing IDDM. |
| 2446 | 2245874 | BB/E rats spontaneously develop a form of autoimmune diabetes resembling insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 2447 | 2245874 | IDDM results from central destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets. |
| 2448 | 2245874 | Herein, we report that the outbreak of IDDM in BB/E rats is preceded by the spontaneous development of an anti-idiotypic antibody to a particular antibody to insulin made by the rats. |
| 2449 | 2245874 | Thus, a spontaneous anti-idiotypic antibody network whose products can affect the peripheral utilization of insulin seems to accompany the central destruction of beta-cells in developing IDDM. |
| 2450 | 2246195 | Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and insulin degrading enzyme activity (IDEA) of the plasma and the corresponding erythrocyte lysate were estimated in 21 normal volunteers, 18 non insulin dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM), and 16 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM). |
| 2451 | 2248597 | Optimization of insulin therapy and diet are required for IDDM and most NIDDM women will require insulin treatment in pregnancy. |
| 2452 | 2249605 | Among all diabetics, 56.6% was noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) and 26.4% insulin-dependent (IDDM). |
| 2453 | 2249605 | Insulin treatment was frequent in CAP (52.2%) and CCP (61.7%), but less in other CP (27.5%). |
| 2454 | 2249605 | The prevalence of complications, including macroangiopathy tended to be higher in CAP and CCP (40.3 and 56.9%) than in other CP (31.4%). |
| 2455 | 2250718 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease with an autoimmune aetiology. |
| 2456 | 2250718 | The monoclonal antibody 5C6 is specific for the myelomonocytic adhesion-promoting type-3 complement receptor (CR3 or CD11b/CD18) and does not bind to T cells. |
| 2457 | 2251534 | Slight albuminuria predicts clinically significant nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and early death in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 2458 | 2252525 | We describe here that ELISA-determined proinsulin autoantibodies (IgG-PAA) also occur in first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (38/513, 7.4% vs 1.9% in controls, P less than 0.025). |
| 2459 | 2252527 | Our study indicates that prednisone administration, at low doses and for a long period of time, effectively restored endogenous insulin release in IDDM patients. |
| 2460 | 2252529 | A clinical trial was undertaken to determine whether intensive thymopentin administration enhances remission of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) during the first year after diagnosis. |
| 2461 | 2252529 | Remission was defined as a prolonged period after IDDM onset (not less than 3 months) characterized by a non-insulin-receiving (NIR) state in which target metabolic control was reached without administration of insulin and with a valid C-peptide response, evaluated after standard breakfast. |
| 2462 | 2252529 | Sixteen IDDM patients aged 12-31 years, recruited within 2 weeks of initiation of insulin therapy and within 5 weeks of onset of symptoms, were treated with intravenous (i.v.) thymopoietin32-36 pentapeptide (Thy) (1 mg/kg/body weight) for 7 days and twice per week for up to 3 months. |
| 2463 | 2252529 | A reduction in anti-insulin antibodies (AIA) in Thy-treated patients was observed in comparison to conventionally treated IDDM starting from 6 months and reaching a reduction peak at 1 year (P less than or equal to 0.02). |
| 2464 | 2252529 | A clinical trial was undertaken to determine whether intensive thymopentin administration enhances remission of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) during the first year after diagnosis. |
| 2465 | 2252529 | Remission was defined as a prolonged period after IDDM onset (not less than 3 months) characterized by a non-insulin-receiving (NIR) state in which target metabolic control was reached without administration of insulin and with a valid C-peptide response, evaluated after standard breakfast. |
| 2466 | 2252529 | Sixteen IDDM patients aged 12-31 years, recruited within 2 weeks of initiation of insulin therapy and within 5 weeks of onset of symptoms, were treated with intravenous (i.v.) thymopoietin32-36 pentapeptide (Thy) (1 mg/kg/body weight) for 7 days and twice per week for up to 3 months. |
| 2467 | 2252529 | A reduction in anti-insulin antibodies (AIA) in Thy-treated patients was observed in comparison to conventionally treated IDDM starting from 6 months and reaching a reduction peak at 1 year (P less than or equal to 0.02). |
| 2468 | 2252529 | A clinical trial was undertaken to determine whether intensive thymopentin administration enhances remission of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) during the first year after diagnosis. |
| 2469 | 2252529 | Remission was defined as a prolonged period after IDDM onset (not less than 3 months) characterized by a non-insulin-receiving (NIR) state in which target metabolic control was reached without administration of insulin and with a valid C-peptide response, evaluated after standard breakfast. |
| 2470 | 2252529 | Sixteen IDDM patients aged 12-31 years, recruited within 2 weeks of initiation of insulin therapy and within 5 weeks of onset of symptoms, were treated with intravenous (i.v.) thymopoietin32-36 pentapeptide (Thy) (1 mg/kg/body weight) for 7 days and twice per week for up to 3 months. |
| 2471 | 2252529 | A reduction in anti-insulin antibodies (AIA) in Thy-treated patients was observed in comparison to conventionally treated IDDM starting from 6 months and reaching a reduction peak at 1 year (P less than or equal to 0.02). |
| 2472 | 2252529 | A clinical trial was undertaken to determine whether intensive thymopentin administration enhances remission of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) during the first year after diagnosis. |
| 2473 | 2252529 | Remission was defined as a prolonged period after IDDM onset (not less than 3 months) characterized by a non-insulin-receiving (NIR) state in which target metabolic control was reached without administration of insulin and with a valid C-peptide response, evaluated after standard breakfast. |
| 2474 | 2252529 | Sixteen IDDM patients aged 12-31 years, recruited within 2 weeks of initiation of insulin therapy and within 5 weeks of onset of symptoms, were treated with intravenous (i.v.) thymopoietin32-36 pentapeptide (Thy) (1 mg/kg/body weight) for 7 days and twice per week for up to 3 months. |
| 2475 | 2252529 | A reduction in anti-insulin antibodies (AIA) in Thy-treated patients was observed in comparison to conventionally treated IDDM starting from 6 months and reaching a reduction peak at 1 year (P less than or equal to 0.02). |
| 2476 | 2257600 | Intensive insulin treatment in a recent stage of IDDM promotes metabolic compensation of the disease regardless which regime of conventional or unconventional treatment is used. |
| 2477 | 2258796 | This study examined sharing of diabetes responsibilities between mothers and their diabetic children and the relationship between patterns of mother-child sharing of responsibility for diabetes tasks and demographic variables, adherence, and metabolic functioning in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2478 | 2259216 | GS4, a water-soluble extract of the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, was administered (400 mg/day) to 27 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on insulin therapy. |
| 2479 | 2259216 | IDDM patients on insulin therapy only showed no significant reduction in serum lipids, HbA1c or glycosylated plasma proteins when followed up after 10-12 months. |
| 2480 | 2259216 | GS4, a water-soluble extract of the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre, was administered (400 mg/day) to 27 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on insulin therapy. |
| 2481 | 2259216 | IDDM patients on insulin therapy only showed no significant reduction in serum lipids, HbA1c or glycosylated plasma proteins when followed up after 10-12 months. |
| 2482 | 2260769 | Of the mothers, 14 had insulin dependent type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 33 of the samples were examined before and after cultivation for 14 days. 3 samples taken from fetuses in the 14th week of development (mothers without metabolic disorders) were examined in the electron microscope. |
| 2483 | 2261847 | Altered synthesis of renin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes: plasma prorenin as a marker predicting the evolution of nephropathy. |
| 2484 | 2261847 | Plasma active renin (PARC) and plasma total renin (PTRC) were measured in 72 patients with childhood-onset IDDM and 37 control subjects in the supine posture. |
| 2485 | 2261847 | On the other hand, the ratios of plasma active to total renin, ARC/TRC, were 18.1 +/- 12.5, 10.7 +/- 6.7, and 2.9 +/- 1.4% in groups A, B and C, respectively; all of which were in turn significantly lower than 24.8 +/- 8.7% in the control subjects. |
| 2486 | 2261847 | Among the diabetic groups, PTRC became higher and ARC/TRC became lower in conjunction with the degree of albuminuria. |
| 2487 | 2261848 | Of the 36 patients, 12 (33.3%) were classified as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 22 (61.1%) had NIDDM, and 2 (5.6%) could not be classified clinically. |
| 2488 | 2264327 | Alterations in Relative Plasma Viscosity (RPV) and Plasma Fibrinogen Concentration (PFC) were compared in 24 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 33 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) black Nigerian diabetics, during the course of treatment. |
| 2489 | 2272631 | Meal size correlates with insulin secretion in nondiabetics and amounts of insulin infused by an artificial endocrine pancreas to IDDM. |
| 2490 | 2272631 | There is no diurnal change in insulin secretion in nondiabetics or insulin infusion into IDDM but not amounts of insulin secretions by nondiabetics. |
| 2491 | 2272631 | Sequence of meal ingestion influenced amounts of insulin infused into IDDM. |
| 2492 | 2272631 | Meal size correlates with insulin secretion in nondiabetics and amounts of insulin infused by an artificial endocrine pancreas to IDDM. |
| 2493 | 2272631 | There is no diurnal change in insulin secretion in nondiabetics or insulin infusion into IDDM but not amounts of insulin secretions by nondiabetics. |
| 2494 | 2272631 | Sequence of meal ingestion influenced amounts of insulin infused into IDDM. |
| 2495 | 2272631 | Meal size correlates with insulin secretion in nondiabetics and amounts of insulin infused by an artificial endocrine pancreas to IDDM. |
| 2496 | 2272631 | There is no diurnal change in insulin secretion in nondiabetics or insulin infusion into IDDM but not amounts of insulin secretions by nondiabetics. |
| 2497 | 2272631 | Sequence of meal ingestion influenced amounts of insulin infused into IDDM. |
| 2498 | 2272633 | On the contrary, in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) whose pancreatic B-cell cannot respond to an increase in plasma glucose, activated counterregulation may easily result in overt hyperglycaemia. |
| 2499 | 2272633 | The dawn phenomenon may contribute importantly to fasting hyperglycaemia in IDDM, because usually plasma insulin concentration following the pre-supper insulin injection decreases after 04.00 h, i.e. a time at which plasma insulin concentration should instead increase to maintain normoglycaemia. |
| 2500 | 2272633 | Although insulin resistance following hypoglycaemia is a constant event in IDDM, post-hypoglycaemic hyperglycaemia is not the rule. |
| 2501 | 2272633 | On the contrary, in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) whose pancreatic B-cell cannot respond to an increase in plasma glucose, activated counterregulation may easily result in overt hyperglycaemia. |
| 2502 | 2272633 | The dawn phenomenon may contribute importantly to fasting hyperglycaemia in IDDM, because usually plasma insulin concentration following the pre-supper insulin injection decreases after 04.00 h, i.e. a time at which plasma insulin concentration should instead increase to maintain normoglycaemia. |
| 2503 | 2272633 | Although insulin resistance following hypoglycaemia is a constant event in IDDM, post-hypoglycaemic hyperglycaemia is not the rule. |
| 2504 | 2272633 | On the contrary, in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) whose pancreatic B-cell cannot respond to an increase in plasma glucose, activated counterregulation may easily result in overt hyperglycaemia. |
| 2505 | 2272633 | The dawn phenomenon may contribute importantly to fasting hyperglycaemia in IDDM, because usually plasma insulin concentration following the pre-supper insulin injection decreases after 04.00 h, i.e. a time at which plasma insulin concentration should instead increase to maintain normoglycaemia. |
| 2506 | 2272633 | Although insulin resistance following hypoglycaemia is a constant event in IDDM, post-hypoglycaemic hyperglycaemia is not the rule. |
| 2507 | 2281079 | Forty-nine patients with tropical calcific pancreatitis (TCP), 51 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDMs), 87 non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NID-DMs), and 66 nondiabetic controls were studied to evaluate their exocrine pancreatic function by measurement of serum immunoreactive trypsin (IRT, normal for white caucasians from the U.K. of 140-414 micrograms/L), pancreatic isoamylase (PIA, normal of 35-125 U/L), and fecal chymotrypsin (FCT, normal of greater than 6.6 u/g). |
| 2508 | 2283570 | Two studies were conducted in an attempt to replicate an earlier finding of self-esteem deficits in adolescent girls with early onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2509 | 2283571 | Assessed school-age youth repeatedly over the first 6 years of their insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to determine self-perceived psychological adjustment. |
| 2510 | 2289652 | Aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of daily activity and physical exercise on albumin excretion rate (AER) in 2 groups of albustix negative type I diabetics (IDDM). |
| 2511 | 2295694 | Inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic, and at least one of the genes conferring susceptibility to diabetes is tightly linked to the MHC. |
| 2512 | 2295694 | For further characterization and localization of the MHC-linked diabetogenic gene, we studied the genomic sequence of the A beta gene of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model of IDDM, in comparison with those of its sister strains, nonobese nondiabetic and cataract Shionogi (CTS) mice, and the original strain, outbred Imperial Cancer Research (ICR) mice. |
| 2513 | 2295694 | Since class I MHC of CTS mice is different from the MHC of NOD mice at both the K and D loci, CTS mice are a naturally occurring recombinant strain with NOD type class II MHC and non-NOD type class I MHC. |
| 2514 | 2295694 | Inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic, and at least one of the genes conferring susceptibility to diabetes is tightly linked to the MHC. |
| 2515 | 2295694 | For further characterization and localization of the MHC-linked diabetogenic gene, we studied the genomic sequence of the A beta gene of the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model of IDDM, in comparison with those of its sister strains, nonobese nondiabetic and cataract Shionogi (CTS) mice, and the original strain, outbred Imperial Cancer Research (ICR) mice. |
| 2516 | 2295694 | Since class I MHC of CTS mice is different from the MHC of NOD mice at both the K and D loci, CTS mice are a naturally occurring recombinant strain with NOD type class II MHC and non-NOD type class I MHC. |
| 2517 | 2295787 | We have previously reported that treatment with a streptococcal preparation (OK-432), one of the biologic response modifiers, inhibits insulitis and development of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and Bio-Breeding rats used as animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2518 | 2296916 | Adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a rate of noncompliance in our clinic of approximately 20% despite all of the usual measures aimed at securing compliance. |
| 2519 | 2299984 | We studied the association of obesity with lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 92 patients (49 men, 43 women) with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), in 305 patients (152 men, 153 women) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and in 122 nondiabetic control subjects (65 men, 57 women). |
| 2520 | 2299984 | In men with IDDM, obesity was related only to low HDL and HDL2 cholesterol and in women with IDDM to low HDL3 cholesterol. |
| 2521 | 2299984 | We studied the association of obesity with lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in 92 patients (49 men, 43 women) with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), in 305 patients (152 men, 153 women) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and in 122 nondiabetic control subjects (65 men, 57 women). |
| 2522 | 2299984 | In men with IDDM, obesity was related only to low HDL and HDL2 cholesterol and in women with IDDM to low HDL3 cholesterol. |
| 2523 | 2300121 | Increased sodium-lithium countertransport in erythrocytes is found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nephropathy. |
| 2524 | 2309656 | Various cow-milk preparations have, with some variation, been reported to be diabetogenic in two animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the BioBreeding (BB) rat and the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. |
| 2525 | 2315291 | The development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) includes a prodrome of autoimmunity against pancreatic beta cells. |
| 2526 | 2318099 | This study was conducted to evaluate selected psychosocial characteristics of contrasting groups of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), i.e., patients with persistently poor versus good glycemic control. |
| 2527 | 2318103 | The patients were a 65% sample (163 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM] and 166 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM] patients) of all patients admitted during a 26-mo period. |
| 2528 | 2318104 | Urinary excretion of albumin and retinol-binding protein (a marker of tubular proteinuria that results from impaired proximal tubular reabsorption of low-molecular-weight proteins) was determined in 110 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 2529 | 2318345 | Effects of omega-3 fish oils on plasma lipids, lipoprotein composition, and postheparin lipoprotein lipase in women with IDDM. |
| 2530 | 2318345 | Because the apparent reduction in cardiovascular risk noted in nondiabetic populations that ingest diets rich in marine lipids containing omega-3 fatty acids is believed to result in part from their capacity to modify the composition and physicochemical behavior of lipoproteins, we sought to determine whether dietary supplementation with marine lipids might favorably affect lipoprotein composition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2531 | 2318345 | Weight, insulin requirements, and glycosylated hemoglobin remained stable. |
| 2532 | 2318345 | High-density lipoprotein2 (HDL2) cholesterol (before, 10.98 +/- 5.45 mg/dl; after, 18.43 +/- 7.93; P less than 0.01), its major apolipoprotein A-I (apoAI), and the major phospholipids (sphingomyelin and lecithin) all rose significantly. |
| 2533 | 2318345 | Effects of omega-3 fish oils on plasma lipids, lipoprotein composition, and postheparin lipoprotein lipase in women with IDDM. |
| 2534 | 2318345 | Because the apparent reduction in cardiovascular risk noted in nondiabetic populations that ingest diets rich in marine lipids containing omega-3 fatty acids is believed to result in part from their capacity to modify the composition and physicochemical behavior of lipoproteins, we sought to determine whether dietary supplementation with marine lipids might favorably affect lipoprotein composition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2535 | 2318345 | Weight, insulin requirements, and glycosylated hemoglobin remained stable. |
| 2536 | 2318345 | High-density lipoprotein2 (HDL2) cholesterol (before, 10.98 +/- 5.45 mg/dl; after, 18.43 +/- 7.93; P less than 0.01), its major apolipoprotein A-I (apoAI), and the major phospholipids (sphingomyelin and lecithin) all rose significantly. |
| 2537 | 2318583 | Corneal epithelial permeability for fluorescein was determined after provocation by a local anesthetic in 18 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, 23 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, and 22 healthy controls to evaluate the corneal epithelial barrier function in diabetes. |
| 2538 | 2318583 | The permeability ratios and the percentage glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) were linearly correlated in the NIDDM patients but not in the IDDM patients (r = 0.73, P less than 0.001, and r = 0.09, P greater than 0.68, respectively). |
| 2539 | 2318583 | Corneal epithelial permeability for fluorescein was determined after provocation by a local anesthetic in 18 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, 23 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, and 22 healthy controls to evaluate the corneal epithelial barrier function in diabetes. |
| 2540 | 2318583 | The permeability ratios and the percentage glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) were linearly correlated in the NIDDM patients but not in the IDDM patients (r = 0.73, P less than 0.001, and r = 0.09, P greater than 0.68, respectively). |
| 2541 | 2318983 | Family and population studies indicate that predisposition to insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic. |
| 2542 | 2318983 | It has been suggested that other HLA class II sequences, probably belonging to the HLA DQA1 gene, confer susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2543 | 2318983 | Family and population studies indicate that predisposition to insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is polygenic. |
| 2544 | 2318983 | It has been suggested that other HLA class II sequences, probably belonging to the HLA DQA1 gene, confer susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2545 | 2319735 | Small discussion groups with the aim of modifying attitudes towards illness might be a good possibility to face this problem. 54 IDDM, HbA1 10.7 +/- 2.3% (median +/- SD) absolved our 5-day education program for outpatients, in which daily group sessions (90 min), supervised by a group-therapist, were integrated. |
| 2546 | 2323468 | The diabetics were divided into two groups based on their albumin excretion rates (AER): Group 1 (AER less than or equal to 10 mcg/min) consisted of ten diabetic patients, mean age 55.8 +/- 3.9 years (mean +/- SEM); five IDDM and five NIDDM. |
| 2547 | 2330364 | Disorder of the humoral and cellular immunity is of great importance in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2548 | 2330743 | [The sialylation rate of apolipoprotein E in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus]. |
| 2549 | 2333466 | Restriction fragment length polymorphism using an HLA-DQ beta-chain genomic probe showed that 63 children with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were all (100%) positive for the BamH1 fragments 12 kb and/or 4 kb compared to 98% (62/63) for HLA-DR3 and/or 4 and 75% (47/63) for HLA-B8 and/or 15. |
| 2550 | 2333466 | There were no differences between the 4 kb/12 kb and the DR3/4-positive IDDM children with respect to fasting or meal-stimulated C peptide, insulin requirement, or levels of insulin antibodies formed during the first 12 months of insulin therapy. |
| 2551 | 2333466 | Restriction fragment length polymorphism using an HLA-DQ beta-chain genomic probe showed that 63 children with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were all (100%) positive for the BamH1 fragments 12 kb and/or 4 kb compared to 98% (62/63) for HLA-DR3 and/or 4 and 75% (47/63) for HLA-B8 and/or 15. |
| 2552 | 2333466 | There were no differences between the 4 kb/12 kb and the DR3/4-positive IDDM children with respect to fasting or meal-stimulated C peptide, insulin requirement, or levels of insulin antibodies formed during the first 12 months of insulin therapy. |
| 2553 | 2333960 | Eleven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries and a normal hemodynamic response to an echocardiographic-dipyridamole test and 12 normal controls were studied at rest and after atrial pacing simultaneously sampling arterial and coronary sinus blood. |
| 2554 | 2333960 | In conclusion, 1) at rest, myocardial lactate and amino acid uptake is markedly impaired in IDDM without coronary artery disease, and 2) the metabolic abnormalities of the diabetic myocardium are not a primary phenomenon but rather a consequence of hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia because insulin administration, resulting in euglycemia, restored normal patterns of cardiac metabolism. |
| 2555 | 2333960 | Eleven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries and a normal hemodynamic response to an echocardiographic-dipyridamole test and 12 normal controls were studied at rest and after atrial pacing simultaneously sampling arterial and coronary sinus blood. |
| 2556 | 2333960 | In conclusion, 1) at rest, myocardial lactate and amino acid uptake is markedly impaired in IDDM without coronary artery disease, and 2) the metabolic abnormalities of the diabetic myocardium are not a primary phenomenon but rather a consequence of hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia because insulin administration, resulting in euglycemia, restored normal patterns of cardiac metabolism. |
| 2557 | 2335184 | In 868 insulin-treated diabetic children and adolescents with onset of IDDM under age 20 we investigated the frequency of IDDM and NIDDM in all first-degree relatives. |
| 2558 | 2335636 | Mothers of children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were assessed repeatedly over a period of 6 years in order to determine the psychological correlates of managing this chronic illness. |
| 2559 | 2339005 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several complications, including painful diabetic neuropathy. |
| 2560 | 2340791 | Insulin autoantibodies (IAA) are well documented in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) prior to the administration of insulin and in patients with reactive hypoglycaemia--the insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS). |
| 2561 | 2340795 | The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) conducted a multicenter study on the immunogenetics of early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of the Japanese. |
| 2562 | 2348836 | There is evidence that certain alleles at the HLA-DQ locus are correlated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in particular that DQ beta-chain alleles containing aspartic acid at position 57 are protective. |
| 2563 | 2351022 | The vocational experiences and general well-being of 58 young adult subjects (mean age 24.3 yr) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed during their adolescence were compared with that of 55 healthy matched control subjects with linear logistic discriminant function analyses. |
| 2564 | 2351027 | This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a self-management training (SMT) program on metabolic control of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the first 2 yr after diagnosis. |
| 2565 | 2351027 | Metabolic control, measured quarterly by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), improved substantially in all three treatment groups during the first 6 mo. |
| 2566 | 2351027 | The lower HbA1 levels of SMT patients were not explained by severity of illness at diagnosis, or insulin dose, body mass index, and C-peptide levels at 2 yr. |
| 2567 | 2351028 | The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children aged 0-17 yr for age, sex, season, and urban and rural residence of onset in Colorado. |
| 2568 | 2351509 | The observed increase of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) affecting both sexes and all age groups, strongly supports the importance of environmental factors in the aetiology of IDDM. |
| 2569 | 2354748 | Standardized childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incidence data were collected from 21 ethnic groups in 10 countries to evaluate temporal trends in the disease between 1966 and 1986. |
| 2570 | 2357921 | The authors report on a validation study using the Diabetes Pictorial Scale (DPS), a measure of disease-related attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge specifically designed for use with younger children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2571 | 2357921 | Preselected DPS items hypothesized to affect metabolic control in IDDM were examined in this study and compared with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values collected concurrently. |
| 2572 | 2357921 | The authors report on a validation study using the Diabetes Pictorial Scale (DPS), a measure of disease-related attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge specifically designed for use with younger children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2573 | 2357921 | Preselected DPS items hypothesized to affect metabolic control in IDDM were examined in this study and compared with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values collected concurrently. |
| 2574 | 2358226 | It ranged from 3.28 +/- 0.65 in patients with NIDDM receiving insulin to 3.50 +/- 1.03 in those with IDDM. |
| 2575 | 2364194 | The study reported here evaluated the effects of duration of illness and glycaemic control upon memory function in 40 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2576 | 2364481 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease of childhood that is associated with high costs, mortality and morbidity, but which is of unknown etiology. |
| 2577 | 2364522 | The relation between cigarette smoking and mortality was examined prospectively in a population of adult insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 2578 | 2367715 | We review the emergency pathological causes and we established that vascular (32%) and acute metabolic (17%) alterations were the most common pathologies, both in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 2579 | 2373264 | Placental tissue from nondiabetic term pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was perfused in vitro to compare the transfer and lipid distribution of arachidonic acid (AA). |
| 2580 | 2379316 | In 109 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured the urinary excretion of albumin, the low molecular weight proteins (LMWP) retinol-binding protein (RBP) and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m), and brush-border antigens (BBA) revealed by monoclonal antibodies. |
| 2581 | 2379316 | Increased urinary levels of BBA (p = 0.0001) were associated with higher values of albumin (p = 0.0002), RBP (p = 0.0005) and, to a lesser extent, of beta 2m (p = 0.1), different combinations of values above the reference limits being observed. |
| 2582 | 2383211 | The cochlear and retrocochlear hearing function was evaluated in patients with long- and short-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by means of psychoacoustic testing and auditory brain stem responses (ABR). |
| 2583 | 2383211 | In the patients with long-term IDDM, ABR produced abnormal responses in 40%, indicating the presence of diabetic encephalopathy, whereas ABR were abnormal in only 5% of the patients with short-term IDDM. |
| 2584 | 2383211 | The cochlear and retrocochlear hearing function was evaluated in patients with long- and short-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by means of psychoacoustic testing and auditory brain stem responses (ABR). |
| 2585 | 2383211 | In the patients with long-term IDDM, ABR produced abnormal responses in 40%, indicating the presence of diabetic encephalopathy, whereas ABR were abnormal in only 5% of the patients with short-term IDDM. |
| 2586 | 2384191 | The prevalence of and interrelationships among all four major complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their risk factors are being examined in a large epidemiologic study of IDDM subjects diagnosed in childhood. |
| 2587 | 2384193 | The gene frequencies, haplotype relative risks, and zygotic assortments of HLA-DR in three ethnically defined samples of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were determined in a prospective family study. |
| 2588 | 2384193 | Although DR3 and DR4 were positively associated with IDDM in the probands of 123 northern European, 94 Ashkenazi Jewish, and 49 New York Hispanic families, significant excess of DR*3/4 heterozygotes was observed only among the probands from families of northern European ancestry. |
| 2589 | 2384193 | The gene frequencies, haplotype relative risks, and zygotic assortments of HLA-DR in three ethnically defined samples of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were determined in a prospective family study. |
| 2590 | 2384193 | Although DR3 and DR4 were positively associated with IDDM in the probands of 123 northern European, 94 Ashkenazi Jewish, and 49 New York Hispanic families, significant excess of DR*3/4 heterozygotes was observed only among the probands from families of northern European ancestry. |
| 2591 | 2387194 | To identify characteristics associated with long-term avoidance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complications, subjects taking part in an epidemiologic natural history study of childhood-onset IDDM, with a duration of disease greater than or equal to 25 yr, were studied. |
| 2592 | 2387194 | We conclude that a lower mean glycosylated hemoglobin level is strongly related to the avoidance of all IDDM complications. |
| 2593 | 2387194 | To identify characteristics associated with long-term avoidance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complications, subjects taking part in an epidemiologic natural history study of childhood-onset IDDM, with a duration of disease greater than or equal to 25 yr, were studied. |
| 2594 | 2387194 | We conclude that a lower mean glycosylated hemoglobin level is strongly related to the avoidance of all IDDM complications. |
| 2595 | 2387197 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of screening for thyroid disease by performing thyroid function tests and measuring thyroid autoantibodies in 371 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2596 | 2387197 | We analyzed clinical data and results of serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine uptake, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and antibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin. |
| 2597 | 2387197 | We recommend that all children and adolescents be screened shortly after diagnosis of IDDM by determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone (measured by high-sensitivity assay) to identify thyroid dysfunction and by testing for antibody to thyroid microsomal antigen to characterize both risk of future thyroid dysfunction and the need for future testing. |
| 2598 | 2387197 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of screening for thyroid disease by performing thyroid function tests and measuring thyroid autoantibodies in 371 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2599 | 2387197 | We analyzed clinical data and results of serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine uptake, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and antibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin. |
| 2600 | 2387197 | We recommend that all children and adolescents be screened shortly after diagnosis of IDDM by determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone (measured by high-sensitivity assay) to identify thyroid dysfunction and by testing for antibody to thyroid microsomal antigen to characterize both risk of future thyroid dysfunction and the need for future testing. |
| 2601 | 2390940 | The 72 experimental and 324 comparison subjects all had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were between 14 and 78 years of age, and had a duration of diabetes ranging from 1 to 20 years. |
| 2602 | 2393552 | [U-11-C]-glucose and positron emission tomography was used to evaluate transport and oxidative metabolism of glucose in the brain of non-diabetic and insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 2603 | 2403619 | In this study we hypothesized that lactate and ketone bodies can provide a significant portion of oxidative brain substrates in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2604 | 2403619 | Six control (C) and six insulin-treated streptozotocin diabetic (IDDM) dogs were studied during euglycemia (EU) and acute insulin induced hypoglycemia (HYPO). |
| 2605 | 2403619 | In this study we hypothesized that lactate and ketone bodies can provide a significant portion of oxidative brain substrates in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2606 | 2403619 | Six control (C) and six insulin-treated streptozotocin diabetic (IDDM) dogs were studied during euglycemia (EU) and acute insulin induced hypoglycemia (HYPO). |
| 2607 | 2404722 | Impact of physical fitness and glycemic control on in vivo insulin action in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 2608 | 2404722 | The relationship of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose utilization to the state of physical fitness and the degree of glycemic control was examined in 27 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared with 10 nondiabetic adolescent control subjects. |
| 2609 | 2404722 | In patients, total-body insulin-mediated glucose metabolism correlated with the degree of glycemic control as assessed by the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (r = -0.63, P less than 0.001). |
| 2610 | 2404722 | Impact of physical fitness and glycemic control on in vivo insulin action in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 2611 | 2404722 | The relationship of in vivo insulin-mediated glucose utilization to the state of physical fitness and the degree of glycemic control was examined in 27 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared with 10 nondiabetic adolescent control subjects. |
| 2612 | 2404722 | In patients, total-body insulin-mediated glucose metabolism correlated with the degree of glycemic control as assessed by the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (r = -0.63, P less than 0.001). |
| 2613 | 2405478 | The mechanism of pancreatic B-cell destruction in type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM) involves autoimmune phenomena based on genetic predisposition. |
| 2614 | 2405478 | The genetic susceptibility is distinguished by increased frequency of the HLA antigens DR3 and DR4 and particularly their heterozygous combination DR3/DR4. |
| 2615 | 2406597 | Because glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is selectively impaired during the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we tested the possibility that the glucose transporter of pancreatic islet beta cells is a target of the autoimmune process in patients with IDDM. |
| 2616 | 2406597 | We measured the uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by dispersed islet cells from rats after a 15-minute incubation with purified IgG from 27 patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, 28 normal subjects, and 5 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 2617 | 2406597 | Because glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is selectively impaired during the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we tested the possibility that the glucose transporter of pancreatic islet beta cells is a target of the autoimmune process in patients with IDDM. |
| 2618 | 2406597 | We measured the uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by dispersed islet cells from rats after a 15-minute incubation with purified IgG from 27 patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, 28 normal subjects, and 5 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 2619 | 2407582 | In vivo relationship between insulin clearance and action in healthy subjects and IDDM patients. |
| 2620 | 2407582 | The relationship between plasma clearance rate of insulin (PCR) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the sequential euglycemic (5 mM) clamp technique (insulin infusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mU.kg-1.min-1 in 2-h steps). |
| 2621 | 2407582 | In IDDM patients, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was decreased at low insulinemia (steps 1-3), whereas at maximal insulinemia (step 4), insulin action was normal. |
| 2622 | 2407582 | In multiple regression models, adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control (HbA1 or fructosamine), and duration of IDDM, correlations for PCR versus SSGIR remained nonsignificant. |
| 2623 | 2407582 | No such relationship was present in patients with IDDM, even after adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control, and duration of IDDM. |
| 2624 | 2407582 | In vivo relationship between insulin clearance and action in healthy subjects and IDDM patients. |
| 2625 | 2407582 | The relationship between plasma clearance rate of insulin (PCR) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the sequential euglycemic (5 mM) clamp technique (insulin infusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mU.kg-1.min-1 in 2-h steps). |
| 2626 | 2407582 | In IDDM patients, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was decreased at low insulinemia (steps 1-3), whereas at maximal insulinemia (step 4), insulin action was normal. |
| 2627 | 2407582 | In multiple regression models, adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control (HbA1 or fructosamine), and duration of IDDM, correlations for PCR versus SSGIR remained nonsignificant. |
| 2628 | 2407582 | No such relationship was present in patients with IDDM, even after adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control, and duration of IDDM. |
| 2629 | 2407582 | In vivo relationship between insulin clearance and action in healthy subjects and IDDM patients. |
| 2630 | 2407582 | The relationship between plasma clearance rate of insulin (PCR) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the sequential euglycemic (5 mM) clamp technique (insulin infusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mU.kg-1.min-1 in 2-h steps). |
| 2631 | 2407582 | In IDDM patients, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was decreased at low insulinemia (steps 1-3), whereas at maximal insulinemia (step 4), insulin action was normal. |
| 2632 | 2407582 | In multiple regression models, adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control (HbA1 or fructosamine), and duration of IDDM, correlations for PCR versus SSGIR remained nonsignificant. |
| 2633 | 2407582 | No such relationship was present in patients with IDDM, even after adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control, and duration of IDDM. |
| 2634 | 2407582 | In vivo relationship between insulin clearance and action in healthy subjects and IDDM patients. |
| 2635 | 2407582 | The relationship between plasma clearance rate of insulin (PCR) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the sequential euglycemic (5 mM) clamp technique (insulin infusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mU.kg-1.min-1 in 2-h steps). |
| 2636 | 2407582 | In IDDM patients, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was decreased at low insulinemia (steps 1-3), whereas at maximal insulinemia (step 4), insulin action was normal. |
| 2637 | 2407582 | In multiple regression models, adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control (HbA1 or fructosamine), and duration of IDDM, correlations for PCR versus SSGIR remained nonsignificant. |
| 2638 | 2407582 | No such relationship was present in patients with IDDM, even after adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control, and duration of IDDM. |
| 2639 | 2407582 | In vivo relationship between insulin clearance and action in healthy subjects and IDDM patients. |
| 2640 | 2407582 | The relationship between plasma clearance rate of insulin (PCR) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was investigated in 15 healthy subjects and 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the sequential euglycemic (5 mM) clamp technique (insulin infusion rates of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mU.kg-1.min-1 in 2-h steps). |
| 2641 | 2407582 | In IDDM patients, insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was decreased at low insulinemia (steps 1-3), whereas at maximal insulinemia (step 4), insulin action was normal. |
| 2642 | 2407582 | In multiple regression models, adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control (HbA1 or fructosamine), and duration of IDDM, correlations for PCR versus SSGIR remained nonsignificant. |
| 2643 | 2407582 | No such relationship was present in patients with IDDM, even after adjusting for insulin antibodies, preceding glycemic control, and duration of IDDM. |
| 2644 | 2420531 | From the insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) pooled vitreous sample, a prominent protein of 18 Kd was eluted from the column with 1.2 M NaC1, a characteristic of RDGF. |
| 2645 | 2429489 | The present review describes the autoimmune aspects of the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man and in the BB rat, and the requirements for effective prevention. |
| 2646 | 2429489 | The BB rat spontaneously develops an insulin-dependent diabetes much like IDDM in man. |
| 2647 | 2429489 | The present review describes the autoimmune aspects of the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man and in the BB rat, and the requirements for effective prevention. |
| 2648 | 2429489 | The BB rat spontaneously develops an insulin-dependent diabetes much like IDDM in man. |
| 2649 | 2429979 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 13 patients with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 2 prediabetic patients were examined for natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activities (ADCC), lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC), interferon- and interleukin-2-induced cytotoxicity, and concanavalin A-induced suppressor-cell activities in comparison with age-matched normal controls. |
| 2650 | 2429979 | Interferon- and interleukin-2-induced NK activities were significantly higher with IDDM lymphocytes than with control cells. |
| 2651 | 2429979 | The increased interferon- and interleukin-2-induced enhancement of NK activity and reduced suppressor activity of lymphocytes from IDDM patients may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 2652 | 2429979 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 13 patients with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 2 prediabetic patients were examined for natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activities (ADCC), lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC), interferon- and interleukin-2-induced cytotoxicity, and concanavalin A-induced suppressor-cell activities in comparison with age-matched normal controls. |
| 2653 | 2429979 | Interferon- and interleukin-2-induced NK activities were significantly higher with IDDM lymphocytes than with control cells. |
| 2654 | 2429979 | The increased interferon- and interleukin-2-induced enhancement of NK activity and reduced suppressor activity of lymphocytes from IDDM patients may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 2655 | 2429979 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 13 patients with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 2 prediabetic patients were examined for natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activities (ADCC), lectin-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (LDCC), interferon- and interleukin-2-induced cytotoxicity, and concanavalin A-induced suppressor-cell activities in comparison with age-matched normal controls. |
| 2656 | 2429979 | Interferon- and interleukin-2-induced NK activities were significantly higher with IDDM lymphocytes than with control cells. |
| 2657 | 2429979 | The increased interferon- and interleukin-2-induced enhancement of NK activity and reduced suppressor activity of lymphocytes from IDDM patients may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 2658 | 2440194 | This retrospective study reports on complications during pregnancy and fetal outcome in those insulin-dependent-diabetic (IDDM) pregnancies admitted to our institution from 1978 to 1985. |
| 2659 | 2441337 | 136 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were shown the entoptic blood vessel figure. |
| 2660 | 2443958 | Twelve long-term insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with and nine short-term IDDM patients without nephropathy and retinopathy and eight control subjects were investigated. |
| 2661 | 2443959 | The material comprised 11 long-term insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with retinopathy and nephropathy and eight short-term IDDM patients without retinopathy or nephropathy and 11 non-diabetic subjects. |
| 2662 | 2449156 | Parameters of fibrinolysis, including euglobulin fibrinolytic activity, tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PA-inhibitor) activity, and plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex (PAP) were studied in 62 patients (35 women and 27 men; ages 53 +/- 16 years) with either insulin-dependent (IDDM) or noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 2663 | 2449821 | The role of renal vasoregulatory hormones in the hyperfiltration of early insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied by micropuncture methods in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. |
| 2664 | 2453387 | Neonatal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs rarely. |
| 2665 | 2458369 | Salivary composition and flow rate were examined in 35 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and compared to 31 healthy controls. |
| 2666 | 2464510 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune abnormality involving the class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2667 | 2464510 | The possibility that variant or unique class II MHC molecules may be associated with IDDM susceptibility was directly examined by determining the nucleotide sequences of class II mRNAs and/or cDNAs from the diabetes-prone (DP) BB rat, the diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rat, the normal histocompatible Wistar-Furth (WF) rat, and the Lewis rat. |
| 2668 | 2464510 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune abnormality involving the class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2669 | 2464510 | The possibility that variant or unique class II MHC molecules may be associated with IDDM susceptibility was directly examined by determining the nucleotide sequences of class II mRNAs and/or cDNAs from the diabetes-prone (DP) BB rat, the diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rat, the normal histocompatible Wistar-Furth (WF) rat, and the Lewis rat. |
| 2670 | 2465903 | Several lines of evidence suggest that islet-specific T cells are important in the pathogenesis of the insulitis resulting in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2671 | 2466379 | The results of this international collaboration emphasize the importance of population-based incidence registries which, similarly to cancer research, became an indispensable tool in etiological investigation and health-delivery planning in the area of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2672 | 2466380 | The revision of the classification of diabetes mellitus, to differentiate clearly between insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and the provision of unambiguous guidelines for diagnosis (1) constitute important recent developments in diabetes epidemiology. |
| 2673 | 2474415 | We conducted a retrospective pathology study to determine whether subjects with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have abnormalities of the adrenal medulla compared with subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and nondiabetic individuals. |
| 2674 | 2474415 | Adrenal medullary fibrosis may be an anatomical correlate of the diminished epinephrine secretion that occurs in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in some IDDM subjects. |
| 2675 | 2474415 | We conducted a retrospective pathology study to determine whether subjects with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have abnormalities of the adrenal medulla compared with subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and nondiabetic individuals. |
| 2676 | 2474415 | Adrenal medullary fibrosis may be an anatomical correlate of the diminished epinephrine secretion that occurs in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in some IDDM subjects. |
| 2677 | 2475377 | The D variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC-D) virus does not induce the production of interferon (IFN) and produces an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-like syndrome in certain mouse strains. |
| 2678 | 2488686 | Because of conflicting previous reports showing the presence or absence of Gm-HLA interaction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we report results for a group of Wisconsin families having 2 or more siblings with IDDM. |
| 2679 | 2491643 | To examine the effect of the major histocompatibility locus (HLA) and the duration of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on immune responses to insulin we assayed insulin induced proliferation of blood mononuclear cells and measured insulin antibodies in 66 patients with newly diagnosed and in 56 patients with longstanding IDDM matched for the age at onset (less than or equal to 15 years). |
| 2680 | 2491643 | In up to two thirds of the patients blood mononuclear cells responded to insulins by proliferation, and insulin antibodies were found in two thirds of patients with IDDM of long duration. |
| 2681 | 2491643 | Thus, patients with IDDM of recent onset and diagnosed within the last three years more frequently responded to insulin by proliferation and less often had HLA-DR3 than patients with IDDM of long duration and diagnosed about 20-25 years earlier. |
| 2682 | 2491643 | To examine the effect of the major histocompatibility locus (HLA) and the duration of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on immune responses to insulin we assayed insulin induced proliferation of blood mononuclear cells and measured insulin antibodies in 66 patients with newly diagnosed and in 56 patients with longstanding IDDM matched for the age at onset (less than or equal to 15 years). |
| 2683 | 2491643 | In up to two thirds of the patients blood mononuclear cells responded to insulins by proliferation, and insulin antibodies were found in two thirds of patients with IDDM of long duration. |
| 2684 | 2491643 | Thus, patients with IDDM of recent onset and diagnosed within the last three years more frequently responded to insulin by proliferation and less often had HLA-DR3 than patients with IDDM of long duration and diagnosed about 20-25 years earlier. |
| 2685 | 2491643 | To examine the effect of the major histocompatibility locus (HLA) and the duration of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on immune responses to insulin we assayed insulin induced proliferation of blood mononuclear cells and measured insulin antibodies in 66 patients with newly diagnosed and in 56 patients with longstanding IDDM matched for the age at onset (less than or equal to 15 years). |
| 2686 | 2491643 | In up to two thirds of the patients blood mononuclear cells responded to insulins by proliferation, and insulin antibodies were found in two thirds of patients with IDDM of long duration. |
| 2687 | 2491643 | Thus, patients with IDDM of recent onset and diagnosed within the last three years more frequently responded to insulin by proliferation and less often had HLA-DR3 than patients with IDDM of long duration and diagnosed about 20-25 years earlier. |
| 2688 | 2491645 | A clear homology of the MHC genes exists in both BB rat sublines, thus IAA appear to be a strain related phenomenon rather than a marker for IDDM. |
| 2689 | 2494458 | INSULIN-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) follows an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreas. |
| 2690 | 2499048 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by a specific loss of the insulin-producing beta cells from pancreatic Langerhans islets. |
| 2691 | 2499499 | Combined segregation and linkage analysis of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) data suggests a complex basis for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2692 | 2499498 | Analysis of HLA haplotypes occurring in more than one, only one, or no diabetics in GAW5 multiplex insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families suggested: 1) DR3, DR4, DRw6, and DRw8 are positively associated, and DR2 is negatively associated, with IDDM; 2) DR4 haplotypes are more diabetogenic than DR3 haplotypes; some DR3 haplotypes lacking B8/B18 are more diabetogenic than those carrying B8/B18; DR3 haplotypes with DR beta TaqI bands [2,5,10/11] are more diabetogenic than those without; DR4 haplotypes that carry DQw3.2 are more diabetogenic than those that do not; some DR2 haplotypes are diabetogenic rather than protective. |
| 2693 | 2499498 | Analysis of DR3 and DR4 transmission from DR3/X and DR4wX (X not equal to 3,4) healthy parents suggested: 3) no distortion of transmission to healthy children and 4) mothers transmit DR4 (and perhaps DR3) less often than fathers to diabetic children. |
| 2694 | 2499500 | Two approaches were used to study the clustering of ATD and IDDM in these families: 1) HLA haplotype sharing in sib pairs in which one has IDDM and the other has ATD was analyzed with the genetic interrelationship method. |
| 2695 | 2499500 | Thus there must exist at least one common allele that predisposes to both IDDM and ATD. 2) The DR genotype frequencies suggest that in the GAW5 families two alleles may be predisposing to ATD; a recessive DR3-associated allele and a dominant DR4-associated allele. |
| 2696 | 2499500 | Two approaches were used to study the clustering of ATD and IDDM in these families: 1) HLA haplotype sharing in sib pairs in which one has IDDM and the other has ATD was analyzed with the genetic interrelationship method. |
| 2697 | 2499500 | Thus there must exist at least one common allele that predisposes to both IDDM and ATD. 2) The DR genotype frequencies suggest that in the GAW5 families two alleles may be predisposing to ATD; a recessive DR3-associated allele and a dominant DR4-associated allele. |
| 2698 | 2499501 | Analysis of the Fifth Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW5) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) data leads to the following conclusions: 1) With a maximum-likelihood affected sib pair method, there is strong evidence for linkage with HLA and no evidence for linkage with INS, Gm, or Km. 2) Susceptibility as defined by HLA genotypes is very complex. |
| 2699 | 2499501 | Each DR allele has a unique susceptibility, and DR3 and DR4 haplotype associations for DR 3/4 genotypes are different from those for 3/X and 4/X. 3) Risk is substantially higher in sibships with an affected father compared to those with an affected mother. |
| 2700 | 2499503 | A DQ beta locus-specific oligonucleotide probe is used to identify DQ beta alleles present in six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) multiplex families. |
| 2701 | 2499506 | Characteristics of a multiplex sample of families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are studied and contrasted with similar characteristics in other, more conventionally sampled data sets. |
| 2702 | 2499506 | "Control" haplotypes, i.e., those not transmitted to the first affected offspring, had a higher frequency of DR3 and DR4 than expected, and a rather high frequency of affected parents was observed. |
| 2703 | 2499587 | Insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of physical training. |
| 2704 | 2499587 | This study was designed to examine the mechanisms causing peripheral insulin resistance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by studying insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in biopsies of skeletal muscle. |
| 2705 | 2499587 | In addition, since physical training appears to improve insulin sensitivity, the IDDM patients were reexamined after physical training for 6 weeks. |
| 2706 | 2499587 | After physical training in the diabetic patients the mean maximal oxygen uptake increased from 45.7 +/- 7.4 to 48.9 +/- 9.0 mL O2/kg.min (P less than 0.05), hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.9 +/- 1.4% to 7.7 +/- 1.5% (P less than 0.05), and insulin requirements decreased from 43 +/- 9 to 38 +/- 8 U/day (P less than 0.05). |
| 2707 | 2499587 | We conclude that insulin binding to muscle-derived insulin receptors is impaired in IDDM patients, whereas receptor kinase function appears to be normal. |
| 2708 | 2499587 | Insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of physical training. |
| 2709 | 2499587 | This study was designed to examine the mechanisms causing peripheral insulin resistance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by studying insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in biopsies of skeletal muscle. |
| 2710 | 2499587 | In addition, since physical training appears to improve insulin sensitivity, the IDDM patients were reexamined after physical training for 6 weeks. |
| 2711 | 2499587 | After physical training in the diabetic patients the mean maximal oxygen uptake increased from 45.7 +/- 7.4 to 48.9 +/- 9.0 mL O2/kg.min (P less than 0.05), hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.9 +/- 1.4% to 7.7 +/- 1.5% (P less than 0.05), and insulin requirements decreased from 43 +/- 9 to 38 +/- 8 U/day (P less than 0.05). |
| 2712 | 2499587 | We conclude that insulin binding to muscle-derived insulin receptors is impaired in IDDM patients, whereas receptor kinase function appears to be normal. |
| 2713 | 2499587 | Insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects of physical training. |
| 2714 | 2499587 | This study was designed to examine the mechanisms causing peripheral insulin resistance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by studying insulin receptor function and glycogen synthase activity in biopsies of skeletal muscle. |
| 2715 | 2499587 | In addition, since physical training appears to improve insulin sensitivity, the IDDM patients were reexamined after physical training for 6 weeks. |
| 2716 | 2499587 | After physical training in the diabetic patients the mean maximal oxygen uptake increased from 45.7 +/- 7.4 to 48.9 +/- 9.0 mL O2/kg.min (P less than 0.05), hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.9 +/- 1.4% to 7.7 +/- 1.5% (P less than 0.05), and insulin requirements decreased from 43 +/- 9 to 38 +/- 8 U/day (P less than 0.05). |
| 2717 | 2499587 | We conclude that insulin binding to muscle-derived insulin receptors is impaired in IDDM patients, whereas receptor kinase function appears to be normal. |
| 2718 | 2500028 | The role of polyol pathway metabolism in glomerular hyperperfusion of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied in rats. |
| 2719 | 2500028 | Micropuncture, plasma renin activity (PRA), and glomerular angiotensin II (ANG II)-receptor measurements were made 7-15 days after streptozotocin injection. |
| 2720 | 2500030 | Because increased polyol accumulation also occurs in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in which marked renal glomerular hyperperfusion occurs, we have studied glomerular hemodynamics in rats with experimental galactosemia. |
| 2721 | 2502884 | Experiments on rats using the primary monolayer culture of isolated islet cells proved that insulin secretion is directly modulated by the growth hormone (GH), C-terminal tetrapeptide of cholecystokinin, thyroliberin, and met-enkephalin, and by certain blood plasma factors of diabetes I patients. |
| 2722 | 2502884 | The blood plasma factors of IdDM patients influence the islets of Langerhans activity by either stimulating or depressing the secretory function of insulin producing cells. |
| 2723 | 2507376 | To determine whether compositional abnormalities are present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that might negate its putatively protective cardiovascular effects, we studied the plasma lipoproteins of 12 men with varying degrees of clinical control (mean fasting glucose 193 +/- 10 mg/dl, mean glycoalbumin greater than 73% above control mean). |
| 2724 | 2512701 | Using a model of streptozotocin-induced, ketosis-prone, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the cynomolgus monkey, we performed 11 intraportal transplants of collagenase-digested, Ficoll-purified pancreatic islets (9 ABO-compatible allografts and 2 concordant baboon xenografts). |
| 2725 | 2513149 | GH release is abnormally regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and paradoxical stimulation of GH release after TRH has been reported. |
| 2726 | 2513149 | However, overnight GH pulsatility is increased in IDDM, and it may be difficult to distinguish TRH-stimulated release from spontaneous secretory episodes. |
| 2727 | 2513149 | To resolve this question, we carried out two overnight GH profiles followed by either TRH or saline control tests in six adolescents with IDDM; ages 11.4-14.7 years, duration IDDM 2.4-6.7 years. |
| 2728 | 2513149 | Paradoxical GH stimulation after TRH is not seen in adolescents with IDDM, but apparent responses may be due to timing coincident with the increased spontaneous pulsatility. |
| 2729 | 2513149 | GH release is abnormally regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and paradoxical stimulation of GH release after TRH has been reported. |
| 2730 | 2513149 | However, overnight GH pulsatility is increased in IDDM, and it may be difficult to distinguish TRH-stimulated release from spontaneous secretory episodes. |
| 2731 | 2513149 | To resolve this question, we carried out two overnight GH profiles followed by either TRH or saline control tests in six adolescents with IDDM; ages 11.4-14.7 years, duration IDDM 2.4-6.7 years. |
| 2732 | 2513149 | Paradoxical GH stimulation after TRH is not seen in adolescents with IDDM, but apparent responses may be due to timing coincident with the increased spontaneous pulsatility. |
| 2733 | 2513149 | GH release is abnormally regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and paradoxical stimulation of GH release after TRH has been reported. |
| 2734 | 2513149 | However, overnight GH pulsatility is increased in IDDM, and it may be difficult to distinguish TRH-stimulated release from spontaneous secretory episodes. |
| 2735 | 2513149 | To resolve this question, we carried out two overnight GH profiles followed by either TRH or saline control tests in six adolescents with IDDM; ages 11.4-14.7 years, duration IDDM 2.4-6.7 years. |
| 2736 | 2513149 | Paradoxical GH stimulation after TRH is not seen in adolescents with IDDM, but apparent responses may be due to timing coincident with the increased spontaneous pulsatility. |
| 2737 | 2513149 | GH release is abnormally regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and paradoxical stimulation of GH release after TRH has been reported. |
| 2738 | 2513149 | However, overnight GH pulsatility is increased in IDDM, and it may be difficult to distinguish TRH-stimulated release from spontaneous secretory episodes. |
| 2739 | 2513149 | To resolve this question, we carried out two overnight GH profiles followed by either TRH or saline control tests in six adolescents with IDDM; ages 11.4-14.7 years, duration IDDM 2.4-6.7 years. |
| 2740 | 2513149 | Paradoxical GH stimulation after TRH is not seen in adolescents with IDDM, but apparent responses may be due to timing coincident with the increased spontaneous pulsatility. |
| 2741 | 2515413 | A simple correlation between IDDM and residue 57 of the DQ beta chain does not hold in Oriental IDDM patients, cannot account for DR3,DR4 synergism and does not explain different modes of inheritance of DR3- and DR4-related IDDM determinants. |
| 2742 | 2517027 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I) is an autoimmune disorder exhibiting a strong association with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2743 | 2517027 | We have previously shown that the u haplotype of the rat MHC (RT1) is absolutely required for expression of IDDM in the BB rat model of the disease. |
| 2744 | 2517027 | To define the precise regions of the RT1 contributing to disease occurrence and to address the mechanism by which the associated haplotype participates in disease pathogenesis, we have transferred recombinant haplotypes bearing the IDDM-associated MHC in defined regions onto the BB rat genetic background. |
| 2745 | 2517027 | In this report, we present data from two breeding studies utilizing the r8 haplotype (RT1AaBuDuEuCu) that demonstrate that (1) the RT1A locus is not involved in the disease association, (2) the MHC genes determining disease susceptibility are not unique to the BB rat, and (3) IDDM resistance genes are found outside the MHC. |
| 2746 | 2517027 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I) is an autoimmune disorder exhibiting a strong association with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2747 | 2517027 | We have previously shown that the u haplotype of the rat MHC (RT1) is absolutely required for expression of IDDM in the BB rat model of the disease. |
| 2748 | 2517027 | To define the precise regions of the RT1 contributing to disease occurrence and to address the mechanism by which the associated haplotype participates in disease pathogenesis, we have transferred recombinant haplotypes bearing the IDDM-associated MHC in defined regions onto the BB rat genetic background. |
| 2749 | 2517027 | In this report, we present data from two breeding studies utilizing the r8 haplotype (RT1AaBuDuEuCu) that demonstrate that (1) the RT1A locus is not involved in the disease association, (2) the MHC genes determining disease susceptibility are not unique to the BB rat, and (3) IDDM resistance genes are found outside the MHC. |
| 2750 | 2517027 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I) is an autoimmune disorder exhibiting a strong association with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2751 | 2517027 | We have previously shown that the u haplotype of the rat MHC (RT1) is absolutely required for expression of IDDM in the BB rat model of the disease. |
| 2752 | 2517027 | To define the precise regions of the RT1 contributing to disease occurrence and to address the mechanism by which the associated haplotype participates in disease pathogenesis, we have transferred recombinant haplotypes bearing the IDDM-associated MHC in defined regions onto the BB rat genetic background. |
| 2753 | 2517027 | In this report, we present data from two breeding studies utilizing the r8 haplotype (RT1AaBuDuEuCu) that demonstrate that (1) the RT1A locus is not involved in the disease association, (2) the MHC genes determining disease susceptibility are not unique to the BB rat, and (3) IDDM resistance genes are found outside the MHC. |
| 2754 | 2517027 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I) is an autoimmune disorder exhibiting a strong association with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 2755 | 2517027 | We have previously shown that the u haplotype of the rat MHC (RT1) is absolutely required for expression of IDDM in the BB rat model of the disease. |
| 2756 | 2517027 | To define the precise regions of the RT1 contributing to disease occurrence and to address the mechanism by which the associated haplotype participates in disease pathogenesis, we have transferred recombinant haplotypes bearing the IDDM-associated MHC in defined regions onto the BB rat genetic background. |
| 2757 | 2517027 | In this report, we present data from two breeding studies utilizing the r8 haplotype (RT1AaBuDuEuCu) that demonstrate that (1) the RT1A locus is not involved in the disease association, (2) the MHC genes determining disease susceptibility are not unique to the BB rat, and (3) IDDM resistance genes are found outside the MHC. |
| 2758 | 2519348 | There is still no concensus about the use of the immunosuppression superimposed upon conventional insulin therapy in early diagnosed IDDM and the follow-up of the relatives of IDDM patients who share the genetic predisposition and serological markers for the risk of future onset of IDDM. |
| 2759 | 2527100 | In vivo-activated interleukin 2 receptor-positive T lymphocytes (Tac cells) are demonstrable and the autologous mixed leukocyte reaction (AMLR) is impaired in several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2760 | 2529109 | Occupational issues in 158 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) individuals and 158 matched nondiabetic siblings were examined in a case-control design to evaluate the role of diabetes in the employability of people with IDDM. |
| 2761 | 2531916 | We measured plasma- and extracellular fluid volume (125I-albumin, 51Cr-EDTA), plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin I and II, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide by radio-immunoassays in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with (n=28) and without (n=11) nephropathy and in 14 normal control subjects matched for sex and age. |
| 2762 | 2533531 | Therefore we have measured fasting levels of serum DHAS, A2, testosterone, oestradiol (in males only), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), HbA1 and C-peptide (basal and glucose stimulated), in 17 post-pubertal, uncomplicated patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and made comparisons to 17 of their sex and age-matched (to within 5 yr) non-diabetic siblings. |
| 2763 | 2539427 | In this study the platelet ATPase activity and platelet noradrenaline efflux rate were determined in 47 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 20 controls. |
| 2764 | 2542427 | Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, II and IGF binding protein in diabetic adolescents treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 2765 | 2542427 | IGF-I and IGF-II as well as the low molecular type of IGF binding protein (IGFPB) were determined in serum from 11 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during a cross-over study with conventional and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CIT and CSII) therapy. |
| 2766 | 2542427 | At the onset of the study the mean IGF-I level, 127 +/- 15 ng ml-1, was significantly decreased (P less than 0.001) in comparison with age-matched controls, whereas the mean IGF-II level, 1024 +/- 48 ng ml-1, was increased. |
| 2767 | 2542427 | The findings of elevated IGF-II and IGFBP levels and correlations between IGFBP and blood glucose concentration as well as IGF-II and HbA1c levels in adolescents with IDDM indicate that both IGF-II and IGFBP reflect a deranged metabolism caused by inadequate insulin administration. |
| 2768 | 2542427 | Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I, II and IGF binding protein in diabetic adolescents treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 2769 | 2542427 | IGF-I and IGF-II as well as the low molecular type of IGF binding protein (IGFPB) were determined in serum from 11 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during a cross-over study with conventional and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CIT and CSII) therapy. |
| 2770 | 2542427 | At the onset of the study the mean IGF-I level, 127 +/- 15 ng ml-1, was significantly decreased (P less than 0.001) in comparison with age-matched controls, whereas the mean IGF-II level, 1024 +/- 48 ng ml-1, was increased. |
| 2771 | 2542427 | The findings of elevated IGF-II and IGFBP levels and correlations between IGFBP and blood glucose concentration as well as IGF-II and HbA1c levels in adolescents with IDDM indicate that both IGF-II and IGFBP reflect a deranged metabolism caused by inadequate insulin administration. |
| 2772 | 2543606 | There is evidence that infection by Coxsackie viruses can serve as an environmental "trigger" for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2773 | 2544470 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 25) were divided into young (28.1 +/- 7.4 yr old, mean +/- SD; n = 16) and old (7.17 +/- 9.8 yr old; n = 10) subjects; the age of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) patients was 70.7 +/- 11.5 yr (n = 10). |
| 2774 | 2544470 | The Na+-pumping activity, estimated from both Na+-K+-ATPase and ouabain binding, was significantly decreased in IDDM and NIDDM subjects, but its insulin sensitivity was retained only in young IDDM subjects. |
| 2775 | 2544470 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 25) were divided into young (28.1 +/- 7.4 yr old, mean +/- SD; n = 16) and old (7.17 +/- 9.8 yr old; n = 10) subjects; the age of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) patients was 70.7 +/- 11.5 yr (n = 10). |
| 2776 | 2544470 | The Na+-pumping activity, estimated from both Na+-K+-ATPase and ouabain binding, was significantly decreased in IDDM and NIDDM subjects, but its insulin sensitivity was retained only in young IDDM subjects. |
| 2777 | 2545735 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to the selective autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells possibly initiated by viruses. |
| 2778 | 2545735 | To elucidate the possible role of viruses and cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we have examined the effect of reovirus infection on beta cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on beta cell function in vitro. |
| 2779 | 2545735 | Murine islets cultured for 3 days with IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha had a significantly reduced insulin response to glucose, which was more marked with a combination of the cytokines. |
| 2780 | 2545735 | During 6 days of culture in IFN-gamma plus TNF-alpha islets underwent noticeable degeneration associated with an 80% reduction in insulin content. |
| 2781 | 2545735 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to the selective autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells possibly initiated by viruses. |
| 2782 | 2545735 | To elucidate the possible role of viruses and cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we have examined the effect of reovirus infection on beta cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on beta cell function in vitro. |
| 2783 | 2545735 | Murine islets cultured for 3 days with IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha had a significantly reduced insulin response to glucose, which was more marked with a combination of the cytokines. |
| 2784 | 2545735 | During 6 days of culture in IFN-gamma plus TNF-alpha islets underwent noticeable degeneration associated with an 80% reduction in insulin content. |
| 2785 | 2548908 | Platelets were harvested from 16 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 19 healthy, nondiabetic control subjects of comparable age. |
| 2786 | 2548908 | Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TBG), a specific marker of platelet activity in vivo, was increased in IDDM (67.1 +/- 7.3 ng/ml) compared with control (41.0 +/- 6.0 ng/ml) subjects (P less than .005). [32P]orthophosphate (32Pi) incorporation into the individual phosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid (PA) reached isotopic equilibrium by 120 min for IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2787 | 2548908 | Platelets were harvested from 16 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 19 healthy, nondiabetic control subjects of comparable age. |
| 2788 | 2548908 | Plasma beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TBG), a specific marker of platelet activity in vivo, was increased in IDDM (67.1 +/- 7.3 ng/ml) compared with control (41.0 +/- 6.0 ng/ml) subjects (P less than .005). [32P]orthophosphate (32Pi) incorporation into the individual phosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid (PA) reached isotopic equilibrium by 120 min for IDDM and control subjects. |
| 2789 | 2551165 | Plasma lipid profiles--total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids--were studied in relation to two parameters of diabetic control (fasting blood sugar (FBS) for short-term control and glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1C) for long-term control) in 46 diabetic patients (22 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 24 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM] and 22 non-diabetic control subjects. |
| 2790 | 2563360 | Genetic variation of the DQ alpha and beta and of the DX alpha genes, detectable as RFLP in genomic DNA digests, has been suggested to improve the identification of individuals at high risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2791 | 2564383 | An increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among HLA-DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4 heterozygotes. |
| 2792 | 2564383 | Serological HLA typing of 92 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 300 healthy controls was performed by the immunomagnetic typing technique. |
| 2793 | 2564383 | We found an increased risk of IDDM among DR4/w8 heterozygotes, similar to that seen for DR3/4 heterozygotes. |
| 2794 | 2564383 | Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM. |
| 2795 | 2564383 | An increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among HLA-DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4 heterozygotes. |
| 2796 | 2564383 | Serological HLA typing of 92 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 300 healthy controls was performed by the immunomagnetic typing technique. |
| 2797 | 2564383 | We found an increased risk of IDDM among DR4/w8 heterozygotes, similar to that seen for DR3/4 heterozygotes. |
| 2798 | 2564383 | Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM. |
| 2799 | 2564383 | An increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among HLA-DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4 heterozygotes. |
| 2800 | 2564383 | Serological HLA typing of 92 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 300 healthy controls was performed by the immunomagnetic typing technique. |
| 2801 | 2564383 | We found an increased risk of IDDM among DR4/w8 heterozygotes, similar to that seen for DR3/4 heterozygotes. |
| 2802 | 2564383 | Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM. |
| 2803 | 2564383 | An increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among HLA-DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4 heterozygotes. |
| 2804 | 2564383 | Serological HLA typing of 92 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 300 healthy controls was performed by the immunomagnetic typing technique. |
| 2805 | 2564383 | We found an increased risk of IDDM among DR4/w8 heterozygotes, similar to that seen for DR3/4 heterozygotes. |
| 2806 | 2564383 | Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM. |
| 2807 | 2565778 | Restriction fragment length polymorphism of HLA and non-HLA genes in DR3/4 heterozygous Danish insulin-dependent diabetic patients and healthy individuals: reassessment of the influence of alpha DX and insulin-linked polymorphic loci, and new splits of DQw3 haplotypes. |
| 2808 | 2565778 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy individuals were selected for being HLA-DR 3/4 heterozygous to evaluate the influence of genes other than DR on disease susceptibility. |
| 2809 | 2565778 | Five different probes were used: HLA alpha and beta DQ (chromosome 6), the Ins 310 genomic fragment which detects a polymorphic region 5' to the insulin gene (chromosome 11), and cDNA for the constant regions of the T cell receptor alpha and beta genes (chromosomes 14 and 7). |
| 2810 | 2565999 | 32 subjects with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind, randomised crossover trial with human and porcine insulin. |
| 2811 | 2565999 | The transfer of IDDM subjects from porcine to human insulin seems to alter warning symptoms of low blood glucose concentration, with consequent impairment of its early recognition. |
| 2812 | 2565999 | 32 subjects with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind, randomised crossover trial with human and porcine insulin. |
| 2813 | 2565999 | The transfer of IDDM subjects from porcine to human insulin seems to alter warning symptoms of low blood glucose concentration, with consequent impairment of its early recognition. |
| 2814 | 2566050 | To find out whether subclinical autoimmunity precedes onset of nonfamilial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 4806 schoolchildren aged 5-19 years from a township in Holland were followed-up for at least ten years after blood was sampled for measurement of islet-cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 2815 | 2566050 | In the 10 years of follow-up 4 of the 8 ICA-positive subjects became insulin dependent, whereas the probability of being free of IDDM was 99.9% for those who were ICA-negative at the start of the study. |
| 2816 | 2566050 | To find out whether subclinical autoimmunity precedes onset of nonfamilial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 4806 schoolchildren aged 5-19 years from a township in Holland were followed-up for at least ten years after blood was sampled for measurement of islet-cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 2817 | 2566050 | In the 10 years of follow-up 4 of the 8 ICA-positive subjects became insulin dependent, whereas the probability of being free of IDDM was 99.9% for those who were ICA-negative at the start of the study. |
| 2818 | 2567252 | Association and sibpair analysis for the HLA, Gm, Km, and insulin polymorphisms in multiplex IDDM families. |
| 2819 | 2567252 | Some three-way interactions were found for associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), HLA-DR, and DQ restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. |
| 2820 | 2567252 | An extended sibpair analysis was applied to the HLA-B,DR loci and to the Gm, Km, and insulin gene polymorphisms. |
| 2821 | 2567252 | For Gm, Km, and the insulin gene no cosegregation with IDDM could be found. |
| 2822 | 2567252 | Association and sibpair analysis for the HLA, Gm, Km, and insulin polymorphisms in multiplex IDDM families. |
| 2823 | 2567252 | Some three-way interactions were found for associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), HLA-DR, and DQ restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. |
| 2824 | 2567252 | An extended sibpair analysis was applied to the HLA-B,DR loci and to the Gm, Km, and insulin gene polymorphisms. |
| 2825 | 2567252 | For Gm, Km, and the insulin gene no cosegregation with IDDM could be found. |
| 2826 | 2567252 | Association and sibpair analysis for the HLA, Gm, Km, and insulin polymorphisms in multiplex IDDM families. |
| 2827 | 2567252 | Some three-way interactions were found for associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), HLA-DR, and DQ restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns. |
| 2828 | 2567252 | An extended sibpair analysis was applied to the HLA-B,DR loci and to the Gm, Km, and insulin gene polymorphisms. |
| 2829 | 2567252 | For Gm, Km, and the insulin gene no cosegregation with IDDM could be found. |
| 2830 | 2567253 | Previous studies have shown that the frequency of the HLA DR4-DQw3.2 allele is approximately 95% among DR4-positive haplotypes of insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), but only 70% in DR4-positive haplotypes of unaffected individuals. |
| 2831 | 2567255 | The HLA class II-related susceptibility to type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is examined in 94 multiplex families sorted by the presence or absence of a DR4+ haplotype in at least one diabetic family member. |
| 2832 | 2567254 | A scheme is outlined for analyzing the genotypic contributions of two unlinked loci in producing a disease, using DR and the 5' insulin locus (INS) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as examples. |
| 2833 | 2567254 | Although genotypes of both DR and INS play roles in IDDM susceptibility, both the relatively small size of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) data set and the apparently limited magnitudes of the contributory effects prevent the identification of the exact nature of the association of these two loci in disease causation. |
| 2834 | 2567254 | A scheme is outlined for analyzing the genotypic contributions of two unlinked loci in producing a disease, using DR and the 5' insulin locus (INS) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as examples. |
| 2835 | 2567254 | Although genotypes of both DR and INS play roles in IDDM susceptibility, both the relatively small size of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) data set and the apparently limited magnitudes of the contributory effects prevent the identification of the exact nature of the association of these two loci in disease causation. |
| 2836 | 2567256 | In a collaborative effort by 12 centers from Europe and North America, data were assembled from 94 multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for analysis of genetic and other factors of possible etiological importance. |
| 2837 | 2567256 | Data also were included for auto-antibodies to insulin and pancreatic islet cells as possible indicators of pathogenesis and for antibodies to certain viruses that have been implicated as "triggering" agents in IDDM. |
| 2838 | 2567256 | In a collaborative effort by 12 centers from Europe and North America, data were assembled from 94 multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for analysis of genetic and other factors of possible etiological importance. |
| 2839 | 2567256 | Data also were included for auto-antibodies to insulin and pancreatic islet cells as possible indicators of pathogenesis and for antibodies to certain viruses that have been implicated as "triggering" agents in IDDM. |
| 2840 | 2567257 | HLA and insulin gene associations with IDDM. |
| 2841 | 2567257 | The HLA DR genotype frequencies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and the frequencies of DR alleles transmitted from affected parent to affected child both indicate that the DR3-associated predisposition is more "recessive" and the DR4-associated predisposition more "dominant" in inheritance after allowing for the DR3/DR4 synergistic effect. |
| 2842 | 2567257 | B locus distributions on patient haplotypes indicate that only subsets of both DR3 and DR4 are predisposing. |
| 2843 | 2567257 | Heterogeneity is detected for both the DR3 and DR4 predisposing haplotypes based on DR genotypic class. |
| 2844 | 2567257 | HLA and insulin gene associations with IDDM. |
| 2845 | 2567257 | The HLA DR genotype frequencies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and the frequencies of DR alleles transmitted from affected parent to affected child both indicate that the DR3-associated predisposition is more "recessive" and the DR4-associated predisposition more "dominant" in inheritance after allowing for the DR3/DR4 synergistic effect. |
| 2846 | 2567257 | B locus distributions on patient haplotypes indicate that only subsets of both DR3 and DR4 are predisposing. |
| 2847 | 2567257 | Heterogeneity is detected for both the DR3 and DR4 predisposing haplotypes based on DR genotypic class. |
| 2848 | 2567259 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and insulin gene regions in IDDM: the GAW5 data. |
| 2849 | 2567259 | The primary aim of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) component of Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) was to collect and analyze new data on DNA polymorphisms closely linked to the HLA-D region and the insulin gene. |
| 2850 | 2567259 | Restriction fragment polymorphisms of the HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, and insulin gene regions in IDDM: the GAW5 data. |
| 2851 | 2567259 | The primary aim of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) component of Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5) was to collect and analyze new data on DNA polymorphisms closely linked to the HLA-D region and the insulin gene. |
| 2852 | 2567260 | The insulin gene and susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2853 | 2567260 | The association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an allele of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 5' to the coding region of the insulin gene has raised the possibility that variation in the vicinity of the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2854 | 2567260 | These results thus provide no evidence that variation at or near the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2855 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 2856 | 2567260 | We found that various levels of insulin gene involvement in IDDM could generate a population association between the insulin gene RFLP and IDDM comparable to that reported in the literature, without producing significant distortion in insulin gene sharing of ASPs. |
| 2857 | 2567260 | The insulin gene and susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2858 | 2567260 | The association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an allele of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 5' to the coding region of the insulin gene has raised the possibility that variation in the vicinity of the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2859 | 2567260 | These results thus provide no evidence that variation at or near the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2860 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 2861 | 2567260 | We found that various levels of insulin gene involvement in IDDM could generate a population association between the insulin gene RFLP and IDDM comparable to that reported in the literature, without producing significant distortion in insulin gene sharing of ASPs. |
| 2862 | 2567260 | The insulin gene and susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2863 | 2567260 | The association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an allele of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 5' to the coding region of the insulin gene has raised the possibility that variation in the vicinity of the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2864 | 2567260 | These results thus provide no evidence that variation at or near the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2865 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 2866 | 2567260 | We found that various levels of insulin gene involvement in IDDM could generate a population association between the insulin gene RFLP and IDDM comparable to that reported in the literature, without producing significant distortion in insulin gene sharing of ASPs. |
| 2867 | 2567260 | The insulin gene and susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2868 | 2567260 | The association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an allele of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 5' to the coding region of the insulin gene has raised the possibility that variation in the vicinity of the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2869 | 2567260 | These results thus provide no evidence that variation at or near the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2870 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 2871 | 2567260 | We found that various levels of insulin gene involvement in IDDM could generate a population association between the insulin gene RFLP and IDDM comparable to that reported in the literature, without producing significant distortion in insulin gene sharing of ASPs. |
| 2872 | 2567260 | The insulin gene and susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2873 | 2567260 | The association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an allele of a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) 5' to the coding region of the insulin gene has raised the possibility that variation in the vicinity of the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2874 | 2567260 | These results thus provide no evidence that variation at or near the insulin gene confers susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 2875 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 2876 | 2567260 | We found that various levels of insulin gene involvement in IDDM could generate a population association between the insulin gene RFLP and IDDM comparable to that reported in the literature, without producing significant distortion in insulin gene sharing of ASPs. |
| 2877 | 2567261 | The GAW5 data do not provide evidence for the role of a genetic factor in the Gm or insulin region in the etiology of IDDM. |
| 2878 | 2567262 | Linkage studies of HLA and insulin gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms in families with IDDM. |
| 2879 | 2567262 | Linkage analysis of HLA DR antigen as well as DR and DQ restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data using the LIPED computer program and various three-allele disease locus models showed very close linkage to an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility locus. |
| 2880 | 2567262 | No evidence was found of any effect of the insulin gene, and it is suggested that alternative explanations of the reported population associations between the insulin gene and IDDM should be considered. |
| 2881 | 2567262 | Linkage studies of HLA and insulin gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms in families with IDDM. |
| 2882 | 2567262 | Linkage analysis of HLA DR antigen as well as DR and DQ restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data using the LIPED computer program and various three-allele disease locus models showed very close linkage to an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility locus. |
| 2883 | 2567262 | No evidence was found of any effect of the insulin gene, and it is suggested that alternative explanations of the reported population associations between the insulin gene and IDDM should be considered. |
| 2884 | 2567262 | Linkage studies of HLA and insulin gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms in families with IDDM. |
| 2885 | 2567262 | Linkage analysis of HLA DR antigen as well as DR and DQ restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data using the LIPED computer program and various three-allele disease locus models showed very close linkage to an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility locus. |
| 2886 | 2567262 | No evidence was found of any effect of the insulin gene, and it is suggested that alternative explanations of the reported population associations between the insulin gene and IDDM should be considered. |
| 2887 | 2569104 | In a prospective family study in Finland HLA genotyping was carried out for 1610 individuals from 422 consecutively registered families of children aged 14 years or younger with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2888 | 2570596 | This matter was certainly clarified by the separation of noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) into two separate disease entities. |
| 2889 | 2570596 | Since, in the early 1970s, research by Nerup's and Cudworth's groups revealed associations between the HLA-B locus and IDDM, the HLA markers are considered the classical genetic markers for IDDM susceptibility. |
| 2890 | 2570596 | This matter was certainly clarified by the separation of noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) into two separate disease entities. |
| 2891 | 2570596 | Since, in the early 1970s, research by Nerup's and Cudworth's groups revealed associations between the HLA-B locus and IDDM, the HLA markers are considered the classical genetic markers for IDDM susceptibility. |
| 2892 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2893 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2894 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2895 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2896 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2897 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2898 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2899 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2900 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2901 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2902 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2903 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2904 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2905 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2906 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2907 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2908 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2909 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2910 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2911 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2912 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2913 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2914 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2915 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2916 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2917 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2918 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2919 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2920 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2921 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2922 | 2573554 | Insulin regulation of lipolysis in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects. |
| 2923 | 2573554 | To determine whether insulin regulation of lipolysis is abnormal in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), free-fatty acid flux ([1-14C]palmitate) was measured under conditions ranging from complete insulin withdrawal to hyperinsulinemia. |
| 2924 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 2925 | 2573554 | The palmitate flux response to insulin withdrawal (2.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1) and maximally antilipolytic insulin concentrations (0.17 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol.kg-1.min-1) were not different in nondiabetic and IDDM subjects, respectively. |
| 2926 | 2573554 | In contrast, IDDM subjects required significantly greater plasma free-insulin concentrations to result in equivalent suppression of palmitate flux compared with nondiabetic subjects. |
| 2927 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 2928 | 2573556 | Basal and yellow fever vaccination-induced 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (2',5'A) activity was determined in blood mononuclear cells (peripheral blood lymphocytes [PBLs]) from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and matched control subjects. |
| 2929 | 2576190 | Subtypes of HLA-DQ and -DR defined by DQB1 and DRB1 RFLPs: allele frequencies in the general population and in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and multiple sclerosis patients. |
| 2930 | 2576190 | We have also determined the allele frequencies of the DQB1 subtypes in controls and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or multiple sclerosis (MS). |
| 2931 | 2576190 | Subtypes of HLA-DQ and -DR defined by DQB1 and DRB1 RFLPs: allele frequencies in the general population and in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and multiple sclerosis patients. |
| 2932 | 2576190 | We have also determined the allele frequencies of the DQB1 subtypes in controls and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or multiple sclerosis (MS). |
| 2933 | 2577113 | TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms: association with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 2934 | 2577113 | The localization of TNF genes on the short arm of chromosome 6 between HLA B and the complement genes focused attention to that genetic region which harbors many immunologically relevant genes and is also thought to hold susceptibility genes for a variety of autoimmune diseases that are linked to specific alleles of particular loci in the HLA D region. |
| 2935 | 2577113 | Since the recently established HLA-DR-DQ variation accounts only for part of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we searched for genomic variation of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. |
| 2936 | 2577113 | This tight linkage of TNF-alpha alleles with extended haplotypes and the significant increase of heterozygotes in patients could lead to some explanation of the DR3 association with a variety of autoimmune diseases particularly IDDM. |
| 2937 | 2577113 | TNF-alpha gene polymorphisms: association with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 2938 | 2577113 | The localization of TNF genes on the short arm of chromosome 6 between HLA B and the complement genes focused attention to that genetic region which harbors many immunologically relevant genes and is also thought to hold susceptibility genes for a variety of autoimmune diseases that are linked to specific alleles of particular loci in the HLA D region. |
| 2939 | 2577113 | Since the recently established HLA-DR-DQ variation accounts only for part of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we searched for genomic variation of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. |
| 2940 | 2577113 | This tight linkage of TNF-alpha alleles with extended haplotypes and the significant increase of heterozygotes in patients could lead to some explanation of the DR3 association with a variety of autoimmune diseases particularly IDDM. |
| 2941 | 2577278 | Human genomic DNA samples from 19 Korean patients and 31 controls of known serological DR antigen specificity were studied for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-associated variation in HLA-DR beta and -DQ beta restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). |
| 2942 | 2577959 | [The silent allele of complement C4 BQ0 is associated with increase risk if insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM)]. |
| 2943 | 2583216 | This study tested the hypothesis that health functioning is poorer for younger insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients following a change to the insulin infusion pump regimen, with progressive improvements occurring in functional health status at higher age levels. |
| 2944 | 2583380 | The allelic forms of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ beta-chain (DQB1) have been recognized as the best markers of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility. |
| 2945 | 2587937 | The particular susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) conferred by HLA-DR3,4 heterozygosity has been suggested to be an effect of transcomplementation of HLA class II molecules. |
| 2946 | 2606746 | In Caucasoids HLA-DQB1 genes encoding amino acids other than aspartic acid at position 57 of the DQ beta chain (non-Asp-57) are associated with susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while resistance is associated with aspartic acid at this residue (Asp-57). |
| 2947 | 2607394 | Thirty 11- to 18-year old adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of at least 1-year duration and 15 nondiabetic controls were subjected to three laboratory stressors: a venipuncture and two public-speaking tasks. |
| 2948 | 2607819 | [Serum osteocalcin in insulin-dependent diabetic patients]. |
| 2949 | 2607819 | To investigate its state in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we measured the BGP level in 82 individuals divided in two groups. |
| 2950 | 2607819 | The patients with IDDM have reduced BGP levels; this reduction becomes apparent after 5 years of clinical evolution and shows a correlation with the time since the diagnosis. |
| 2951 | 2607819 | [Serum osteocalcin in insulin-dependent diabetic patients]. |
| 2952 | 2607819 | To investigate its state in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we measured the BGP level in 82 individuals divided in two groups. |
| 2953 | 2607819 | The patients with IDDM have reduced BGP levels; this reduction becomes apparent after 5 years of clinical evolution and shows a correlation with the time since the diagnosis. |
| 2954 | 2608374 | Clinical and laboratory studies into the physiochemical properties of circulating immune complexes, serum IgA, IgM, IgG and antibodies against insulin contained by blood serum and circulating immune complexes were conducted in 102 children aged 7-14 years. |
| 2955 | 2608374 | Of these, 60 children were affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 42 were normal. |
| 2956 | 2612303 | The contribution of diabetes duration, both pre- and postpuberty, to the development of microvascular complications and mortality in diabetic subjects was investigated in three study populations from the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) Registry. |
| 2957 | 2612304 | The Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Cohort Study Status Report after 5 yr of IDDM. |
| 2958 | 2612304 | The relationship between glycemic control and complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) remains controversial. |
| 2959 | 2612304 | With the use of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) to assess glycemic control from diagnosis onward, the Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Cohort Study prospectively evaluated 80 new cases of IDDM diagnosed at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 2960 | 2612304 | Six female subjects who had an elevated albumin excretion rate (AER; greater than or equal to 20 micrograms/min) had a higher 5-yr mean HbA1 (13.3%) than the 26 subjects with AER less than 20 micrograms/min (11.8%; P less than .05). |
| 2961 | 2612304 | The Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Cohort Study Status Report after 5 yr of IDDM. |
| 2962 | 2612304 | The relationship between glycemic control and complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) remains controversial. |
| 2963 | 2612304 | With the use of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) to assess glycemic control from diagnosis onward, the Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Cohort Study prospectively evaluated 80 new cases of IDDM diagnosed at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 2964 | 2612304 | Six female subjects who had an elevated albumin excretion rate (AER; greater than or equal to 20 micrograms/min) had a higher 5-yr mean HbA1 (13.3%) than the 26 subjects with AER less than 20 micrograms/min (11.8%; P less than .05). |
| 2965 | 2612304 | The Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Cohort Study Status Report after 5 yr of IDDM. |
| 2966 | 2612304 | The relationship between glycemic control and complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) remains controversial. |
| 2967 | 2612304 | With the use of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) to assess glycemic control from diagnosis onward, the Pittsburgh Prospective Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Cohort Study prospectively evaluated 80 new cases of IDDM diagnosed at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 2968 | 2612304 | Six female subjects who had an elevated albumin excretion rate (AER; greater than or equal to 20 micrograms/min) had a higher 5-yr mean HbA1 (13.3%) than the 26 subjects with AER less than 20 micrograms/min (11.8%; P less than .05). |
| 2969 | 2612307 | Semen from 18 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 20-40 yr was compared with that from 15 age-matched control subjects. |
| 2970 | 2612305 | The Colorado IDDM Registry identifies newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) throughout the state. |
| 2971 | 2613930 | The periodontal status of 85 12-18 year-old Finnish adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their paired, age- and sex-matched healthy controls was assessed clinically and radiographically. |
| 2972 | 2617513 | DQw8 (DQw3.2) on DR4 haplotypes is a susceptibility gene for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasoids, possibly because it encodes a non-Asp amino acid (aa) (i.e. |
| 2973 | 2617513 | We have examined 14 Japanese IDDM patients, selected to be either DR4 or DRw9 (associated to IDDM among Japanese). |
| 2974 | 2617513 | DQw8 (DQw3.2) on DR4 haplotypes is a susceptibility gene for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasoids, possibly because it encodes a non-Asp amino acid (aa) (i.e. |
| 2975 | 2617513 | We have examined 14 Japanese IDDM patients, selected to be either DR4 or DRw9 (associated to IDDM among Japanese). |
| 2976 | 2625032 | The aim of the present study was to analyze if an association exists between metabolic condition, C-peptide secretion and islet-cell antibody (ICA) presence in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the clinical onset of the disease. |
| 2977 | 2625032 | Two hundred and nine IDDM patients were studied at diagnosis. 89% of the subjects showed residual C-peptide secretion that correlated inversely with blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin at diagnosis and with insulin requirement at discharge. |
| 2978 | 2625032 | The aim of the present study was to analyze if an association exists between metabolic condition, C-peptide secretion and islet-cell antibody (ICA) presence in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the clinical onset of the disease. |
| 2979 | 2625032 | Two hundred and nine IDDM patients were studied at diagnosis. 89% of the subjects showed residual C-peptide secretion that correlated inversely with blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin at diagnosis and with insulin requirement at discharge. |
| 2980 | 2629160 | Thirty Ethiopian malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) patients were HLA typed and their HLA antigen frequencies were compared to those of 31 previously typed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and to 84 controls from the same ethnic background. |
| 2981 | 2629160 | In comparison to IDDM that is associated with both DR3 and DR4 in this population, MRDM showed no significant differences in HLA class II antigens frequencies. |
| 2982 | 2629160 | Thirty Ethiopian malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) patients were HLA typed and their HLA antigen frequencies were compared to those of 31 previously typed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and to 84 controls from the same ethnic background. |
| 2983 | 2629160 | In comparison to IDDM that is associated with both DR3 and DR4 in this population, MRDM showed no significant differences in HLA class II antigens frequencies. |
| 2984 | 2633911 | The cord CBC (complete blood counts), serum iron, transferrin and ferritin concentrations were studied in newborn infants of 9 GDM (gestational diabetes), 21 NIDDM (noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), and 8 IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) mothers. |
| 2985 | 2634613 | Serum IgA, IgG and IgM levels, spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced in vitro IgM production (determined by ELISA) and blastogenic responses of peripheral mononuclear cells to PWM were evaluated in 4 insulin-dependent (IDDM) children, at the onset and after 4, 8, 12 months of disease, and in 32 children and adolescents with IDDM of 1-14 years duration (mean 4.8 +/- 3.8 years). |
| 2986 | 2637092 | Physicians in the State of Wisconsin were contacted by mail and asked to report all cases of diabetes in patients under 20 yr diagnosed between 1 July 1982 and 30 June 1984 in order to study factors associated with seasonality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 2987 | 2642863 | The diurnal patterns of relevant metabolites and hormones in five pancreas-kidney-transplanted patients (aged 36 +/- 2 yr, mean +/- SD) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were compared with those in five kidney-transplanted nondiabetic patients (aged 28 +/- 2 yr). |
| 2988 | 2643251 | This study was designed to investigate whether the genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might be caused by an inherited increased sensitivity of the pancreatic B-cells to immune effector molecules e.g. the monokine interleukin 1 (IL-1), which is selectively cytotoxic to B-cells in vitro. |
| 2989 | 2643251 | Strain-related differences in the sensitivity to IL-1 were studied by comparing the dose-responses of insulin release at 11 mmol/l glucose and islet light microscopic morphology to varying concentrations of IL-1. |
| 2990 | 2643251 | We conclude that genetic differences in the response to IL-1 exist in vitro, but that this phenomenon is unrelated to the propensity to develop IDDM. |
| 2991 | 2643251 | This study was designed to investigate whether the genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might be caused by an inherited increased sensitivity of the pancreatic B-cells to immune effector molecules e.g. the monokine interleukin 1 (IL-1), which is selectively cytotoxic to B-cells in vitro. |
| 2992 | 2643251 | Strain-related differences in the sensitivity to IL-1 were studied by comparing the dose-responses of insulin release at 11 mmol/l glucose and islet light microscopic morphology to varying concentrations of IL-1. |
| 2993 | 2643251 | We conclude that genetic differences in the response to IL-1 exist in vitro, but that this phenomenon is unrelated to the propensity to develop IDDM. |
| 2994 | 2643305 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), BP levels in subjects with normal or only mildly increased levels of albumin excretion do not differ systematically from those in non-diabetic reference populations. |
| 2995 | 2644144 | Effect of cyclosporin on interleukin 2-related T-lymphocyte parameters in IDDM patients. |
| 2996 | 2644144 | Seventy patients aged 15-40 yr with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind trial, in which they were randomly assigned to either cyclosporin (7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1) or to placebo and were monitored for 1 yr for various phenotypic and functional parameters of T-lymphocyte-mediated immunity. |
| 2997 | 2644144 | Before treatment, the proportions of total T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and helper-inducer T-lymphocytes (CD4+) were normal, whereas significantly decreased values of suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+), as compared with normal controls, were found in 31% of the patients. |
| 2998 | 2644144 | The interleukin 2 (IL-2)-receptor expression was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with control subjects, although the single values were low: patients, 2.02 +/- 0.41%; controls, 0.88 +/- 0.25% (means +/- SE). |
| 2999 | 2644144 | Circulating levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were also significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with controls: patients, 372.3 +/- 25.4 U/ml; controls, 235.5 +/- 29.3 U/ml (means +/- SE). |
| 3000 | 2644144 | Effect of cyclosporin on interleukin 2-related T-lymphocyte parameters in IDDM patients. |
| 3001 | 2644144 | Seventy patients aged 15-40 yr with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind trial, in which they were randomly assigned to either cyclosporin (7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1) or to placebo and were monitored for 1 yr for various phenotypic and functional parameters of T-lymphocyte-mediated immunity. |
| 3002 | 2644144 | Before treatment, the proportions of total T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and helper-inducer T-lymphocytes (CD4+) were normal, whereas significantly decreased values of suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+), as compared with normal controls, were found in 31% of the patients. |
| 3003 | 2644144 | The interleukin 2 (IL-2)-receptor expression was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with control subjects, although the single values were low: patients, 2.02 +/- 0.41%; controls, 0.88 +/- 0.25% (means +/- SE). |
| 3004 | 2644144 | Circulating levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were also significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with controls: patients, 372.3 +/- 25.4 U/ml; controls, 235.5 +/- 29.3 U/ml (means +/- SE). |
| 3005 | 2644144 | Effect of cyclosporin on interleukin 2-related T-lymphocyte parameters in IDDM patients. |
| 3006 | 2644144 | Seventy patients aged 15-40 yr with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind trial, in which they were randomly assigned to either cyclosporin (7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1) or to placebo and were monitored for 1 yr for various phenotypic and functional parameters of T-lymphocyte-mediated immunity. |
| 3007 | 2644144 | Before treatment, the proportions of total T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and helper-inducer T-lymphocytes (CD4+) were normal, whereas significantly decreased values of suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+), as compared with normal controls, were found in 31% of the patients. |
| 3008 | 2644144 | The interleukin 2 (IL-2)-receptor expression was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with control subjects, although the single values were low: patients, 2.02 +/- 0.41%; controls, 0.88 +/- 0.25% (means +/- SE). |
| 3009 | 2644144 | Circulating levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were also significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with controls: patients, 372.3 +/- 25.4 U/ml; controls, 235.5 +/- 29.3 U/ml (means +/- SE). |
| 3010 | 2644144 | Effect of cyclosporin on interleukin 2-related T-lymphocyte parameters in IDDM patients. |
| 3011 | 2644144 | Seventy patients aged 15-40 yr with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were entered into a double-blind trial, in which they were randomly assigned to either cyclosporin (7.5 mg.kg-1.day-1) or to placebo and were monitored for 1 yr for various phenotypic and functional parameters of T-lymphocyte-mediated immunity. |
| 3012 | 2644144 | Before treatment, the proportions of total T-lymphocytes (CD3+) and helper-inducer T-lymphocytes (CD4+) were normal, whereas significantly decreased values of suppressor/cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CD8+), as compared with normal controls, were found in 31% of the patients. |
| 3013 | 2644144 | The interleukin 2 (IL-2)-receptor expression was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with control subjects, although the single values were low: patients, 2.02 +/- 0.41%; controls, 0.88 +/- 0.25% (means +/- SE). |
| 3014 | 2644144 | Circulating levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were also significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with controls: patients, 372.3 +/- 25.4 U/ml; controls, 235.5 +/- 29.3 U/ml (means +/- SE). |
| 3015 | 2644534 | A period of early, intensive insulin treatment is thought to improve subsequent beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3016 | 2644534 | To study this hypothesis, we randomly assigned adolescents with newly diagnosed IDDM to receive either conventional treatment (n = 14) (NPH insulin, 1 U per kilogram of body weight per day, in two divided doses) or an experimental treatment (n = 12) (a two-week hospitalization with maintenance of blood glucose levels between 3.3 and 4.4 mmol per liter by continuous insulin infusion delivered by an external artificial pancreas [Biostator]). |
| 3017 | 2644534 | We conclude that suppression of endogenous insulin by intensive, continuous insulin treatment during the first two weeks after the diagnosis of IDDM may improve beta-cell function during the subsequent year. |
| 3018 | 2644534 | A period of early, intensive insulin treatment is thought to improve subsequent beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3019 | 2644534 | To study this hypothesis, we randomly assigned adolescents with newly diagnosed IDDM to receive either conventional treatment (n = 14) (NPH insulin, 1 U per kilogram of body weight per day, in two divided doses) or an experimental treatment (n = 12) (a two-week hospitalization with maintenance of blood glucose levels between 3.3 and 4.4 mmol per liter by continuous insulin infusion delivered by an external artificial pancreas [Biostator]). |
| 3020 | 2644534 | We conclude that suppression of endogenous insulin by intensive, continuous insulin treatment during the first two weeks after the diagnosis of IDDM may improve beta-cell function during the subsequent year. |
| 3021 | 2644534 | A period of early, intensive insulin treatment is thought to improve subsequent beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3022 | 2644534 | To study this hypothesis, we randomly assigned adolescents with newly diagnosed IDDM to receive either conventional treatment (n = 14) (NPH insulin, 1 U per kilogram of body weight per day, in two divided doses) or an experimental treatment (n = 12) (a two-week hospitalization with maintenance of blood glucose levels between 3.3 and 4.4 mmol per liter by continuous insulin infusion delivered by an external artificial pancreas [Biostator]). |
| 3023 | 2644534 | We conclude that suppression of endogenous insulin by intensive, continuous insulin treatment during the first two weeks after the diagnosis of IDDM may improve beta-cell function during the subsequent year. |
| 3024 | 2646470 | The presence of cytoplasmatic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and IgG insulin autoantibodies (IgG-IAA) has been observed in the prediabetic state of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM). |
| 3025 | 2646470 | We therefore analyzed the prevalence of these markers in sera from 1117 healthy HLA-typed first-degree relatives (1 degree Rel) of IDDM patients. |
| 3026 | 2646470 | The presence of cytoplasmatic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and IgG insulin autoantibodies (IgG-IAA) has been observed in the prediabetic state of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM). |
| 3027 | 2646470 | We therefore analyzed the prevalence of these markers in sera from 1117 healthy HLA-typed first-degree relatives (1 degree Rel) of IDDM patients. |
| 3028 | 2647444 | The overall standardised rates were higher in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (53.6%) than in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (34.7%) for both background (41.1%, 28.4% respectively) and proliferative (12.5%, 6.2% respectively) retinopathy, and increased with the duration of disease. |
| 3029 | 2647446 | Insulin abuse in long-standing IDDM. |
| 3030 | 2647446 | Two patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for 42 and 46 years respectively were diagnosed to produce factitious hypoglycemia. |
| 3031 | 2647446 | Insulin abuse in long-standing IDDM. |
| 3032 | 2647446 | Two patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for 42 and 46 years respectively were diagnosed to produce factitious hypoglycemia. |
| 3033 | 2647548 | However, increased sympathochromaffin activity does not appear to be a feature of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), although physiologic catecholamine increments may contribute to short-term metabolic derangements under some conditions. |
| 3034 | 2647548 | Increased glycemic sensitivity to epinephrine is a feature of IDDM but is the result of the inability to secrete insulin rather than of increased cellular sensitivity to catecholamines. |
| 3035 | 2647548 | However, increased sympathochromaffin activity does not appear to be a feature of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), although physiologic catecholamine increments may contribute to short-term metabolic derangements under some conditions. |
| 3036 | 2647548 | Increased glycemic sensitivity to epinephrine is a feature of IDDM but is the result of the inability to secrete insulin rather than of increased cellular sensitivity to catecholamines. |
| 3037 | 2648764 | In order to evaluate the accuracy of urinary C-peptide determination and the clinical significance of C-peptiduria for the early course of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), the rate of urinary excretion of C-peptide was determined in 32 children and adolescents with IDDM and correlated with serum C-peptide concentration, urinary excretion of albumin and beta 2-microgloublin and with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured in terms of the clearance of 99mTc-DTPA. |
| 3038 | 2648764 | GFR and urinary albumin excretion were slightly elevated in the diabetic patients as compared with non-diabetic subjects (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.001, respectively), but C-peptide excretion was unrelated to the degree of hyperfiltration or albuminuria, neither was there any correlation between the excretion rate of beta 2-microglobulin and C-peptide. |
| 3039 | 2648801 | A high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported in children and young adults previously afflicted with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). |
| 3040 | 2648900 | [HLA, A, B, C, DR, C4, Bf in insulin-dependent diabetics in the Tunisian population]. |
| 3041 | 2648900 | The frequency of HLA-A-B and DR antigens as well as the Bf and C4 allotypes have been investigated in insulinodependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and compared to that of healthy controls in Tunisian population. |
| 3042 | 2648900 | An increase of A30, DR3, DR4, BfF1, C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 and decrease of B40, DR2, DR5 and DR6 were found in diabetes when compared to the value observation controls. |
| 3043 | 2648900 | The strongest association was noticed with HLA, DR3 and DR4. |
| 3044 | 2649330 | In children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), deterioration in metabolic control frequently occurs during early adolescence. |
| 3045 | 2649330 | At follow-up, 50% of the standard-care adolescents exhibited greater than 1% increase in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) levels over baseline values, indicating a deterioration in metabolic control, compared to only 23% of the intervention group. |
| 3046 | 2649340 | Administration of insulin with premeal boluses of short-acting insulin using a new injection device (Novopen) was compared with a conventional three times daily injection regimen regarding aspects of quality of life and metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3047 | 2651002 | The spontaneous development of diabetes in the Bio-Breeding (BB) rat is an excellent model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3048 | 2651031 | Effect of pump versus pen treatment on glycaemic control and kidney function in long-term uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3049 | 2651031 | Glycaemic control on pump versus pen treatment was evaluated and the effects of optimised metabolic control on kidney function was studied in very long-term uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3050 | 2651031 | Effect of pump versus pen treatment on glycaemic control and kidney function in long-term uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3051 | 2651031 | Glycaemic control on pump versus pen treatment was evaluated and the effects of optimised metabolic control on kidney function was studied in very long-term uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3052 | 2651052 | The incidence of severe hypoglycemia was determined in a 1-yr prospective study of 350 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children. |
| 3053 | 2651053 | We examined the clinical relevance of a rise in fasting blood glucose (BG) between 0300 and 0600 in 97 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) receiving sequentially conventional (CT) and basal-bolus (BBIT) insulin therapies and assessed the impact of one potential causal factor, i.e., posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia, with 231 BG profiles (97 during CT, 134 during BBIT) in which BG was measured every 3 h over a 24-h period. |
| 3054 | 2651055 | A rising incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported in many northern European countries, with a rate equivalent to a doubling time of 20-30 yr in some. |
| 3055 | 2653745 | We examined the sera of 94 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for the presence of complement-fixing sympathetic ganglia (CF-SG) antibodies. |
| 3056 | 2653745 | Four groups were studied: group 1 (aged 4-64 yr) islet cell antibody-positive (ICA+) prediabetic subjects, 10 of 19 (53%) were CF-SG+; group 2 (aged 6-14 yr) ICA- prediabetic subjects (first-degree relatives of IDDM subjects with either transient hyperglycemia, impaired oral glucose tolerance, and/or first-phase insulin release after intravenous glucose tolerance testing), 4 of 9 (44%) were CF-SG+ (2 of the 4 ICA- CF-SG+ subjects have progressed to IDDM); group 3 (aged 1.5-43 yr) ICA+ IDDM subjects (less than or equal to 1 yr duration) 6 of 10 (60%) were CF-SG+; and group 4 (aged 8-59 yr) ICA- IDDM subjects (less than or equal to 1 yr duration), 2 of 11 (18%) were CF-SG+. |
| 3057 | 2653745 | We examined the sera of 94 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for the presence of complement-fixing sympathetic ganglia (CF-SG) antibodies. |
| 3058 | 2653745 | Four groups were studied: group 1 (aged 4-64 yr) islet cell antibody-positive (ICA+) prediabetic subjects, 10 of 19 (53%) were CF-SG+; group 2 (aged 6-14 yr) ICA- prediabetic subjects (first-degree relatives of IDDM subjects with either transient hyperglycemia, impaired oral glucose tolerance, and/or first-phase insulin release after intravenous glucose tolerance testing), 4 of 9 (44%) were CF-SG+ (2 of the 4 ICA- CF-SG+ subjects have progressed to IDDM); group 3 (aged 1.5-43 yr) ICA+ IDDM subjects (less than or equal to 1 yr duration) 6 of 10 (60%) were CF-SG+; and group 4 (aged 8-59 yr) ICA- IDDM subjects (less than or equal to 1 yr duration), 2 of 11 (18%) were CF-SG+. |
| 3059 | 2653752 | These results suggest that maleness is a major risk factor for slowly progressive beta-cell dysfunction in adult-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3060 | 2654321 | Patients who had been included in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial on the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CyA) in producing remissions in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) type I were investigated for humoral and cellular immunologic parameters. |
| 3061 | 2654321 | Whereas metabolic derangement before the initiation of insulin treatment led to small but significant decreases in the percentage of CD4-positive lymphocytes as well as of the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), the administration of CyA did not influence any of the immunologic parameters tested, which included proliferative lymphocyte responses to mitogens and alloantigens and serum concentrations of immunoglobulins G, A and M. |
| 3062 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3063 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3064 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3065 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3066 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3067 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3068 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3069 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3070 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3071 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3072 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3073 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3074 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3075 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3076 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3077 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3078 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3079 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3080 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3081 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3082 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3083 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3084 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3085 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3086 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3087 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3088 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3089 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3090 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3091 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3092 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3093 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3094 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3095 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3096 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3097 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3098 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3099 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3100 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3101 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3102 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3103 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3104 | 2656140 | Increased insulin action and clearance in hyperthyroid newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 3105 | 2656140 | In a patient with hyperthyroidism and newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin action and clearance were studied before the initiation of antithyroid treatment and at 3-mo intervals for 1 yr thereafter. |
| 3106 | 2656140 | The data were compared with nine control subjects and nine newly diagnosed euthyroid IDDM patients treated with insulin for 0.5 mo. |
| 3107 | 2656140 | Insulin sensitivity was increased in the patients (ED50 40 vs. 52 mU/L, range 43-70, in controls and 70 mU/L, range 59-120, in IDDM subjects). |
| 3108 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 3109 | 2656140 | Insulin clearance was elevated in all steps (1-3, 20-23 vs. 9-15 ml.kg-1.min-1; 4, 18 vs. 6-12 ml.kg-1.min-1 in control and IDDM subjects). |
| 3110 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 3111 | 2656166 | Human pancreatic tissues were treated with periodate (A), borohydride (B), neuraminidase (C), methanol (D), chloroform-methanol (E), or protease (F) to modify the antigens, and stained by an immunofluorescent method using ICA-positive sera from five Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3112 | 2658981 | Erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 3113 | 2658981 | The erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase activity is significantly (P less than 0.001) decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 3114 | 2659427 | The persistence of cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA) more than a year after diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was investigated in 43 families with at least two children with IDDM. |
| 3115 | 2659426 | The present knowledge of the HLA system and its biological function is summarized as a basis for the subsequent discussion of the associations between this system and insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and some mechanisms that may explain them. |
| 3116 | 2659430 | This paper summarizes the analyses by participants in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) component of Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5). |
| 3117 | 2659430 | Topics treated in the Workshop analysis included the following: methods for detecting associations and linkage, the contribution by HLA-linked and -unlinked loci to IDDM susceptibility, the role of subtypes of the serologically defined HLA specificities, the implications of associated diseases other than IDDM in the families, the significance of antibodies to Coxsackie viruses, and of autoantibodies to pancreatic islet cells and insulin, and the use of genetic models to analyze the inheritance of IDDM. |
| 3118 | 2659430 | This paper summarizes the analyses by participants in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) component of Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 (GAW5). |
| 3119 | 2659430 | Topics treated in the Workshop analysis included the following: methods for detecting associations and linkage, the contribution by HLA-linked and -unlinked loci to IDDM susceptibility, the role of subtypes of the serologically defined HLA specificities, the implications of associated diseases other than IDDM in the families, the significance of antibodies to Coxsackie viruses, and of autoantibodies to pancreatic islet cells and insulin, and the use of genetic models to analyze the inheritance of IDDM. |
| 3120 | 2660998 | In conclusion, the results of this study provide further evidence that NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are immunologically different disorders, with the immune system probably not involved in the pathogenesis of NIDDM. |
| 3121 | 2662324 | In individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), there can be an increased risk of hypoglycaemia during or after exercise or, conversely, there can be a worsening of the diabetic state if insulin deficiency is present. |
| 3122 | 2666064 | Fifteen insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with minor diabetic complications underwent an intensified conventional insulin treatment (ICIT) program consisting of multiple daily insulin injections with an insulin pen. |
| 3123 | 2666064 | Mean total hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) significantly (at least P less than 0.05) decreased while the plasma free insulin level significantly increased (at least P less than 0.05) under ICIT. |
| 3124 | 2666065 | In an effort to find out if the use of non-human primate pancreas may improve the sensitivity of the islet cell antibody (ICA) test, the sera from patients with type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent IDDM) and controls were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence (IFL) on both human and baboon substrates. |
| 3125 | 2666430 | Nocturnal release of GH has been shown to be related to the early morning rise in plasma glucose (PG) seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3126 | 2666430 | Changes in plasma glucose and counter-regulatory hormone concentrations were monitored in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion alone, after addition of the anticholinergic agent pirenzepine to cause acute GH suppression, and again on the seventh night of such treatment. |
| 3127 | 2666430 | We conclude that initial reduction of the early morning rise of PG in IDDM is associated with acute suppression of nocturnal GH release, and that the more significant sustained effect of anticholinergic GH suppression on the rise of PG may be associated with additional indirect effects on insulin clearance. |
| 3128 | 2666430 | Nocturnal release of GH has been shown to be related to the early morning rise in plasma glucose (PG) seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3129 | 2666430 | Changes in plasma glucose and counter-regulatory hormone concentrations were monitored in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion alone, after addition of the anticholinergic agent pirenzepine to cause acute GH suppression, and again on the seventh night of such treatment. |
| 3130 | 2666430 | We conclude that initial reduction of the early morning rise of PG in IDDM is associated with acute suppression of nocturnal GH release, and that the more significant sustained effect of anticholinergic GH suppression on the rise of PG may be associated with additional indirect effects on insulin clearance. |
| 3131 | 2666430 | Nocturnal release of GH has been shown to be related to the early morning rise in plasma glucose (PG) seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3132 | 2666430 | Changes in plasma glucose and counter-regulatory hormone concentrations were monitored in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion alone, after addition of the anticholinergic agent pirenzepine to cause acute GH suppression, and again on the seventh night of such treatment. |
| 3133 | 2666430 | We conclude that initial reduction of the early morning rise of PG in IDDM is associated with acute suppression of nocturnal GH release, and that the more significant sustained effect of anticholinergic GH suppression on the rise of PG may be associated with additional indirect effects on insulin clearance. |
| 3134 | 2666432 | The 24 h-urinary excretions of albumin, beta 2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in children with IDDM. |
| 3135 | 2666432 | In this paper, 24 h-urinary excretions of albumin, BMG and NAG activity were measured in forty-one children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3136 | 2666560 | Studies of zinc status in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have shown contradictory results. |
| 3137 | 2666560 | Quantitative changes of the B-cell function, development of insulin antibodies, age, body weight and serum albumin did not correlate with the course of plasma zinc. |
| 3138 | 2667269 | The discovery of the key role played by the immune system in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) opens up new possibilities for its early diagnosis, at the stages preceding its clinical manifestation. |
| 3139 | 2667270 | The mechanisms of diabetes mellitus development are outlined and the share of immunological disorders in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in progress of diabetic angiopathy is substantiated. |
| 3140 | 2667925 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects has been shown to be causally related to early-morning hyperglycemia. |
| 3141 | 2667925 | We studied the effect of nocturnal GH suppression on acute glycemic control in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion (0.075 mU.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3142 | 2667925 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects has been shown to be causally related to early-morning hyperglycemia. |
| 3143 | 2667925 | We studied the effect of nocturnal GH suppression on acute glycemic control in six IDDM patients during a constant overnight insulin infusion (0.075 mU.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3144 | 2668714 | Levels of factors II, V, VII, VIII C, VIII R:Ag, VIII vW, IX, X, PT, PTT, TT, TR, antithrombin III and fibrinogen were evaluated in 11 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at onset of disease and after 3 months and in 15 healthy age-matched controls. |
| 3145 | 2670643 | Antibodies in serums from newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and individuals experiencing early phases of beta-cell destruction specifically immunoprecipitate a minor pancreatic islet cell membrane protein of 64,000 Mr (64K). |
| 3146 | 2671112 | Effects of a somatostatin derivative (SMS 201-995) on postprandial hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetics studied by means of a closed-loop device. |
| 3147 | 2671112 | We studied the effects of a premeal sc injection of an analog of somatostatin (SMS 201-995, Sandoz) on the postprandial glycemic excursions, insulin requirement and hormone profiles (GH, glucagon and C-peptide) in 8 IDDM patients (diabetes duration 14.0 +/- 6.5 yr, daily insulin requirement 36 +/- 6.4 U) maintained normoglycemic by connecting them to a closed-loop insulin infusion system (Betalike, Genoa). |
| 3148 | 2671247 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-proliferative retinopathy were randomized to intensified conventional insulin treatment (ICT, n = 44) or regular treatment (RT, n = 51). |
| 3149 | 2671600 | In seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 86 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), serum anti-DNA antibody was measured by a semiquantitative radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. |
| 3150 | 2671600 | Prevalence of positive anti-DNA antibody (more than 20 U/mL) was five of seven in IDDM patients, 15 of 36 in NIDDM patients with insulin therapy, and seven of 50 in NIDDM patients without insulin therapy. |
| 3151 | 2671600 | In seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 86 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), serum anti-DNA antibody was measured by a semiquantitative radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. |
| 3152 | 2671600 | Prevalence of positive anti-DNA antibody (more than 20 U/mL) was five of seven in IDDM patients, 15 of 36 in NIDDM patients with insulin therapy, and seven of 50 in NIDDM patients without insulin therapy. |
| 3153 | 2672091 | Women with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and radiographically dense mammary glandular tissue can have benign breast masses clinically resembling cancer. |
| 3154 | 2673692 | Relationship of insulin autoantibodies to presentation and early course of IDDM in children. |
| 3155 | 2673692 | Insulin antibodies have been documented before (insulin autoantibodies [IAAs]) and after (insulin antibodies) insulin administration in children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3156 | 2673692 | Furthermore, the course and factors affecting insulin-antibody response to human insulin administration in children with newly diagnosed IDDM remain poorly defined. |
| 3157 | 2673692 | Relationship of insulin autoantibodies to presentation and early course of IDDM in children. |
| 3158 | 2673692 | Insulin antibodies have been documented before (insulin autoantibodies [IAAs]) and after (insulin antibodies) insulin administration in children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3159 | 2673692 | Furthermore, the course and factors affecting insulin-antibody response to human insulin administration in children with newly diagnosed IDDM remain poorly defined. |
| 3160 | 2673692 | Relationship of insulin autoantibodies to presentation and early course of IDDM in children. |
| 3161 | 2673692 | Insulin antibodies have been documented before (insulin autoantibodies [IAAs]) and after (insulin antibodies) insulin administration in children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3162 | 2673692 | Furthermore, the course and factors affecting insulin-antibody response to human insulin administration in children with newly diagnosed IDDM remain poorly defined. |
| 3163 | 2673809 | The purpose of this study was the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) ICA-1 to p64 antigen of pancreatic beta cells and the comparative analysis of MoAB and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients' serum reactivity with cultivated islet cells. |
| 3164 | 2673809 | That MoAB ICA-1 and ICSA- or ICA-positive IDDM serum on insulin release in islet cell cultures produce similar effects was established. |
| 3165 | 2673809 | These results were obtained from in vivo injection of MoAB into rats and resulted in serum insulin decrease, increase of glucose concentration and morphological changes in pancreas corresponding to IDDM, which testified to the biological role of p64 antigen in pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3166 | 2673809 | The purpose of this study was the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) ICA-1 to p64 antigen of pancreatic beta cells and the comparative analysis of MoAB and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients' serum reactivity with cultivated islet cells. |
| 3167 | 2673809 | That MoAB ICA-1 and ICSA- or ICA-positive IDDM serum on insulin release in islet cell cultures produce similar effects was established. |
| 3168 | 2673809 | These results were obtained from in vivo injection of MoAB into rats and resulted in serum insulin decrease, increase of glucose concentration and morphological changes in pancreas corresponding to IDDM, which testified to the biological role of p64 antigen in pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3169 | 2673809 | The purpose of this study was the generation of monoclonal antibodies (MoAB) ICA-1 to p64 antigen of pancreatic beta cells and the comparative analysis of MoAB and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients' serum reactivity with cultivated islet cells. |
| 3170 | 2673809 | That MoAB ICA-1 and ICSA- or ICA-positive IDDM serum on insulin release in islet cell cultures produce similar effects was established. |
| 3171 | 2673809 | These results were obtained from in vivo injection of MoAB into rats and resulted in serum insulin decrease, increase of glucose concentration and morphological changes in pancreas corresponding to IDDM, which testified to the biological role of p64 antigen in pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3172 | 2673810 | Sera were obtained from 24 patients with newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 children with a high risk of diabetes. |
| 3173 | 2673810 | Incubation of the islet cells with sera from ten IDDM patients did not affect the basal insulin release. |
| 3174 | 2673810 | Preincubation of islet cells with sera from IDDM children caused a significant decrease of insulin response to 16.5 mM glucose plus 5 mM theophylline (P less than 0.001). |
| 3175 | 2673810 | C'AMC was found in 45% of the patients with IDDM and in 33% of the high-risk children, however, there was no correlation between C'AMC and serum effect upon basal insulin secretion. |
| 3176 | 2673810 | Sera were obtained from 24 patients with newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 children with a high risk of diabetes. |
| 3177 | 2673810 | Incubation of the islet cells with sera from ten IDDM patients did not affect the basal insulin release. |
| 3178 | 2673810 | Preincubation of islet cells with sera from IDDM children caused a significant decrease of insulin response to 16.5 mM glucose plus 5 mM theophylline (P less than 0.001). |
| 3179 | 2673810 | C'AMC was found in 45% of the patients with IDDM and in 33% of the high-risk children, however, there was no correlation between C'AMC and serum effect upon basal insulin secretion. |
| 3180 | 2673810 | Sera were obtained from 24 patients with newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 children with a high risk of diabetes. |
| 3181 | 2673810 | Incubation of the islet cells with sera from ten IDDM patients did not affect the basal insulin release. |
| 3182 | 2673810 | Preincubation of islet cells with sera from IDDM children caused a significant decrease of insulin response to 16.5 mM glucose plus 5 mM theophylline (P less than 0.001). |
| 3183 | 2673810 | C'AMC was found in 45% of the patients with IDDM and in 33% of the high-risk children, however, there was no correlation between C'AMC and serum effect upon basal insulin secretion. |
| 3184 | 2673810 | Sera were obtained from 24 patients with newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 children with a high risk of diabetes. |
| 3185 | 2673810 | Incubation of the islet cells with sera from ten IDDM patients did not affect the basal insulin release. |
| 3186 | 2673810 | Preincubation of islet cells with sera from IDDM children caused a significant decrease of insulin response to 16.5 mM glucose plus 5 mM theophylline (P less than 0.001). |
| 3187 | 2673810 | C'AMC was found in 45% of the patients with IDDM and in 33% of the high-risk children, however, there was no correlation between C'AMC and serum effect upon basal insulin secretion. |
| 3188 | 2674585 | Although exercise in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be associated with metabolic deterioration in the case of lack of adequate provision of insulin and carbohydrate in balanced amounts, the beneficial effects of exercise in diabetes are numerous. |
| 3189 | 2675286 | Individuals who require insulin therapy to maintain life have been designated as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while individuals who can live without insulin treatment have been classified as having noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3190 | 2675286 | The single most important pathological finding in IDDM is a substantial reduction in the number of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells. |
| 3191 | 2675286 | Individuals who require insulin therapy to maintain life have been designated as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while individuals who can live without insulin treatment have been classified as having noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3192 | 2675286 | The single most important pathological finding in IDDM is a substantial reduction in the number of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells. |
| 3193 | 2675777 | To investigate the cause of secondary amenorrhoea in insulin-dependent diabetes gonadotrophins, sex steroid hormone levels and residual beta cell activity (C-peptide index) were estimated in a group of 43 women with IDDM. |
| 3194 | 2676657 | On the same basis, we tested samples from 89 individuals in the prospective Bart's Windsor Family Study for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 31 of whom had ICAs greater than 5 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation (JDF) units. |
| 3195 | 2677611 | Ultrasound methods have been used for the vascular examination of middle-aged patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, n = 44) or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH, n = 37); they were compared with 50 healthy controls. |
| 3196 | 2677642 | A study was conducted on 28 paediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), followed up for 2 years from onset of the disease. |
| 3197 | 2677968 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from an autoimmune aggression toward beta cells in genetically predisposed individuals. |
| 3198 | 2677968 | Transgenic mice allow studies on the consequences of abnormal expression of new molecules on beta cell surface like cytokines or MHC class II molecules which represent a new field of investigation on the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3199 | 2677968 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from an autoimmune aggression toward beta cells in genetically predisposed individuals. |
| 3200 | 2677968 | Transgenic mice allow studies on the consequences of abnormal expression of new molecules on beta cell surface like cytokines or MHC class II molecules which represent a new field of investigation on the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3201 | 2680233 | Residual endogenous insulin secretion can be assessed by the circulating C-peptide concentration and is present in up to 15% of subjects with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3202 | 2680233 | It is concluded that endogenous insulin secretion (assessed by C-peptide concentration) is relatively unimportant in modifying HDL metabolism in IDDM and that associated clinical features, in particular ambient hypertriglyceridaemia, are of greater importance. |
| 3203 | 2680233 | Residual endogenous insulin secretion can be assessed by the circulating C-peptide concentration and is present in up to 15% of subjects with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3204 | 2680233 | It is concluded that endogenous insulin secretion (assessed by C-peptide concentration) is relatively unimportant in modifying HDL metabolism in IDDM and that associated clinical features, in particular ambient hypertriglyceridaemia, are of greater importance. |
| 3205 | 2684712 | Quantities of growth hormone (GH) excreted into the urine over 24 h were measured by the highly sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay in 63 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) subjects, 6 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, and 17 age-matched nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 3206 | 2684715 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease whose notorious pathologic feature is insulitis accompanied by destruction of beta-cells. |
| 3207 | 2684716 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops a high incidence of autoimmune diabetes and is believed to be a good model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 3208 | 2687162 | Cytokines and their related enzyme pathways may play a part in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3209 | 2687162 | Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzyme Taq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 3210 | 2687162 | Likewise, a significantly higher mean level of enzyme activity was associated with the heterozygous 1/3 insulin-related genotype in the IDDM subjects only. |
| 3211 | 2687162 | Cytokines and their related enzyme pathways may play a part in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3212 | 2687162 | Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzyme Taq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 3213 | 2687162 | Likewise, a significantly higher mean level of enzyme activity was associated with the heterozygous 1/3 insulin-related genotype in the IDDM subjects only. |
| 3214 | 2687162 | Cytokines and their related enzyme pathways may play a part in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3215 | 2687162 | Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzyme Taq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 3216 | 2687162 | Likewise, a significantly higher mean level of enzyme activity was associated with the heterozygous 1/3 insulin-related genotype in the IDDM subjects only. |
| 3217 | 2689120 | The world of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: what international epidemiologic studies reveal about the etiology and natural history of IDDM. |
| 3218 | 2690958 | Amylin and the amylin gene: structure, function and relationship to islet amyloid and to diabetes mellitus. |
| 3219 | 2690958 | Amylin, the major peptide component of the islet amyloid commonly found in the pancreases of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), is a recently discovered islet polypeptide. |
| 3220 | 2690958 | Amylin is probably generated by proteolytic processing similar to that for proinsulin and other islet prohormones. |
| 3221 | 2690958 | Amylin is a potent modulator of glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and is capable of inducing an insulin-resistant state in this tissue in vitro, and perhaps also in the liver in vivo. |
| 3222 | 2690958 | Following the beta-cell destruction which occurs in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is probable that amylin secretion disappears in addition to that of insulin. |
| 3223 | 2690958 | As patients with insulin-treated IDDM frequently experience problems with hypoglycaemia, and as amylin acts to modulate the action of insulin in various tissues, it is possible that amylin deficiency may contribute to morbidity in insulin-treated IDDM, perhaps through the loss of a natural damping mechanism which guards against hypoglycaemia under conditions of normal physiology. |
| 3224 | 2690958 | Amylin and the amylin gene: structure, function and relationship to islet amyloid and to diabetes mellitus. |
| 3225 | 2690958 | Amylin, the major peptide component of the islet amyloid commonly found in the pancreases of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), is a recently discovered islet polypeptide. |
| 3226 | 2690958 | Amylin is probably generated by proteolytic processing similar to that for proinsulin and other islet prohormones. |
| 3227 | 2690958 | Amylin is a potent modulator of glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, and is capable of inducing an insulin-resistant state in this tissue in vitro, and perhaps also in the liver in vivo. |
| 3228 | 2690958 | Following the beta-cell destruction which occurs in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is probable that amylin secretion disappears in addition to that of insulin. |
| 3229 | 2690958 | As patients with insulin-treated IDDM frequently experience problems with hypoglycaemia, and as amylin acts to modulate the action of insulin in various tissues, it is possible that amylin deficiency may contribute to morbidity in insulin-treated IDDM, perhaps through the loss of a natural damping mechanism which guards against hypoglycaemia under conditions of normal physiology. |
| 3230 | 2692874 | We have studied associations between various direct measures of glycaemia and glycated blood proteins in 113 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and examined whether or not the 'fructosamine' assay results were affected by differing patient serum concentrations of lipids, albumin or C peptide. |
| 3231 | 2692874 | Although fructosamine, HbA1 and GSA correlated to a similar degree with fasting blood glucose (r range 0.34 to 0.37), GSA was most closely related to mean blood glucose (r = 0.39 vs. 0.30-0.35) and the M value (a marker of diurnal glycaemic instability) (r = 0.42 vs. 0.33-0.35). |
| 3232 | 2692874 | The fructosamine assay may be altered by moderately lipaemic serum but is not affected by serum albumin concentration in normoalbuminaemic patients with IDDM. |
| 3233 | 2692874 | We have studied associations between various direct measures of glycaemia and glycated blood proteins in 113 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and examined whether or not the 'fructosamine' assay results were affected by differing patient serum concentrations of lipids, albumin or C peptide. |
| 3234 | 2692874 | Although fructosamine, HbA1 and GSA correlated to a similar degree with fasting blood glucose (r range 0.34 to 0.37), GSA was most closely related to mean blood glucose (r = 0.39 vs. 0.30-0.35) and the M value (a marker of diurnal glycaemic instability) (r = 0.42 vs. 0.33-0.35). |
| 3235 | 2692874 | The fructosamine assay may be altered by moderately lipaemic serum but is not affected by serum albumin concentration in normoalbuminaemic patients with IDDM. |
| 3236 | 2693009 | Relative clinical usefulness of glycosylated serum albumin and fructosamine during short-term changes in glycemic control in IDDM. |
| 3237 | 2693009 | Serial changes in glycosylated blood proteins and direct measures of glycemia were studied in 100 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) over a 6-wk period while attempts were made to improve glycemic control. |
| 3238 | 2693009 | Mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) fell from 9.1 +/- 0.2 to 8.0 +/- 0.1%, glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) from 9.8 +/- 0.4 to 7.3 +/- 0.3%, and fructosamine from 3.92 +/- 0.08 to 3.42 +/- 0.07 mM. |
| 3239 | 2693009 | Relative clinical usefulness of glycosylated serum albumin and fructosamine during short-term changes in glycemic control in IDDM. |
| 3240 | 2693009 | Serial changes in glycosylated blood proteins and direct measures of glycemia were studied in 100 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) over a 6-wk period while attempts were made to improve glycemic control. |
| 3241 | 2693009 | Mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) fell from 9.1 +/- 0.2 to 8.0 +/- 0.1%, glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) from 9.8 +/- 0.4 to 7.3 +/- 0.3%, and fructosamine from 3.92 +/- 0.08 to 3.42 +/- 0.07 mM. |
| 3242 | 2693013 | To examine whether a physical activity program could improve physical fitness and glycemic control, 32 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined before the program and 3 mo later. |
| 3243 | 2694717 | The aim of this study was to better investigate the relationship between theophylline sensitivity (ThS) and blood glucose/plasma insulin levels in recent onset IDDM patients subjected to preprogrammed variations by an insulin/glucose clamp with artificial pancreas. |
| 3244 | 2696619 | Twice-daily insulin injections do not always provide good glycaemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and impose restrictions on patients' lifestyles. |
| 3245 | 2700569 | Hypoglycemia is one of the most common early complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3246 | 2702899 | Left ventricular diastolic function was assessed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 21 subjects (mean age 48 yr) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and without evidence of ischemic heart disease and in 21 healthy control subjects of similar age and sex distribution. |
| 3247 | 2702906 | Early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is linked to subsequent learning deficits. |
| 3248 | 2702906 | Mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1), episodes of severe hypoglycemia, and frequency of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) measurements less than 2.8 mM (50 mg/dl, asymptomatic hypoglycemia) were recorded every 3 mo. |
| 3249 | 2702911 | Although diabetes mellitus is reported in 29% of patients with renal papillary necrosis (RPN), the frequency of RPN among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has from autopsy studies been estimated to be only 4.4%. |
| 3250 | 2702913 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental insults. |
| 3251 | 2705450 | Twenty-four-hour, four-hour (8 to 12 am), and overnight urine collections were examined for their ability to detect microalbuminuria in 292 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3252 | 2706043 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). |
| 3253 | 2707113 | The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of CAD in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at different stages of DNP. |
| 3254 | 2707117 | The hyperglycemic effect of 28 g sucrose, taken during a mixed meal, was studied in six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients controlled by artificial pancreas. |
| 3255 | 2707117 | The same may be expected in well-controlled IDDM patients in conventional therapy because a correlation exists between insulin requirement for conventional therapy and insulin delivered during glucose-controlled insulin infusion. |
| 3256 | 2707117 | The hyperglycemic effect of 28 g sucrose, taken during a mixed meal, was studied in six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients controlled by artificial pancreas. |
| 3257 | 2707117 | The same may be expected in well-controlled IDDM patients in conventional therapy because a correlation exists between insulin requirement for conventional therapy and insulin delivered during glucose-controlled insulin infusion. |
| 3258 | 2707223 | Individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their healthcare practitioners believe that extreme blood glucose (BG) fluctuations are characterized by changes in subjective mood states and emotional behavior, as well as physical symptoms. |
| 3259 | 2714046 | The frequency of HLA A, B, and DR antigens as well as the Bf and C4 allotypes have been investigated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and compared to that of healthy controls in the Tunisian population. |
| 3260 | 2714046 | An increase of A30, DR3, DR4, BfF1, C4Ao, and C4Bo and decrease of B40, DR2, DR5, and DR6 were found in diabetics when compared to the value observed in controls. |
| 3261 | 2714046 | The strongest association was noticed with HLA DR3 and DR4. |
| 3262 | 2714046 | Heterozygotes DR3 DR4 were very frequent in diabetics: 24.2 per cent versus 3.6 per cent in controls (relative risk 7.72). |
| 3263 | 2714163 | The level of stress experienced in the parenting role by mothers of 49 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and its relationship to glycemic control was examined with the parenting stress index (PSI). |
| 3264 | 2714163 | No differences in the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) existed between children whose mothers reported high levels of stress in themselves and their children and those whose mothers reported little stress. |
| 3265 | 2714520 | For the period of 1 January 1979 through 31 December 1985, an average annual incidence rate (IR) of 12.1/100,000 (95% confidence interval [10.4/100,000, 14.0/100,000]) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was observed in Jefferson County, Alabama, among people less than 20 yr old. |
| 3266 | 2717790 | The goal of this study was to assess diverse hemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters in 12 insulin-dependent (IDDM) metabolically controlled patients without vascular lesions and in a group of 12 healthy volunteers. |
| 3267 | 2720975 | The diabetic patients were separated into two groups: those with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1, n = 24) and those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type 2, n = 83). |
| 3268 | 2721339 | Skin thickness is primarily determined by collagen content and is increased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3269 | 2721340 | This study evaluated whether patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) could learn to improve accuracy of BG estimations and whether this would lead to improved metabolic control. |
| 3270 | 2721340 | Subjects in BG awareness training improved both their BG-estimation accuracy and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) compared with the control group. |
| 3271 | 2721343 | We evaluated the system in a short-term randomized control trial to determine its impact on metabolic control, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) testing behaviors, regimen self-adjustment, understanding of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) treatment, attitudes about SMBG, and perceived quality of patient-physician interaction. |
| 3272 | 2721346 | Reduced albuminuria and improved insulin sensitivity after dietary protein restriction in IDDM patients. |
| 3273 | 2730981 | Hand skin blood flow in 32 insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetics was compared with 13 healthy controls at room temperature and after immersion of the hands in warm and cold water. |
| 3274 | 2731409 | Highly significant association of HLA, A1, B8, DR3, and DR4 were found in patients with IDDM as compared to normal individuals. |
| 3275 | 2731462 | The prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in 42,981 schoolchildren (aged 7-14 yr) in Khartoum, Sudan, was determined. |
| 3276 | 2731460 | The relationship of two aspects of family life to metabolic control were examined as part of a longitudinal study of school-aged children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3277 | 2731460 | Glycosylated hemoglobin level was the primary index of metabolic control; weight-adjusted insulin dosage served as an indirect index. |
| 3278 | 2731461 | Correlation between amount of carbohydrate in mixed meals and insulin delivery by artificial pancreas in seven IDDM subjects. |
| 3279 | 2731720 | The following Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes were determined on the Genetic Analysis Workshop 5 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (GAW5 IDDM) families: G1m (1,2,3,17), G2m (23), G3m (5,10,11,13,14,21,28) and Km (1,3). |
| 3280 | 2731721 | The multiplex insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families have been examined for linkage with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA), Gm, Km, and insulin loci. |
| 3281 | 2737175 | This study investigated the associations between important dimensions of family relations and the metabolic control of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3282 | 2737363 | A laser Doppler device with the capability to simultaneously measure skin blood flow, microvascular volume, and erythrocyte velocity was used to assess blood flow changes in 35 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, mean age 33 +/- 1 yr, with average duration of diabetes 14 +/- 1 yr, and in a nondiabetic control group. |
| 3283 | 2737366 | The etiology of autonomic neuropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is unknown. |
| 3284 | 2738402 | The HLA-DQ beta-chain gene shows a close association with susceptibility or resistance to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and it has been suggested that the amino acid in position 57 may be of pathogenetic importance. |
| 3285 | 2739865 | Interestingly, there was no significant difference between groups with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as regards mean blood pressure (106.5 +/- 15.3 mm Hg vs. 108.9 +/- 17.64 mm Hg; t = 0.3607892, p = 0.9). |
| 3286 | 2743744 | The plasma catecholamine response to a standardized bicycle exercise test was evaluated in 24 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients in whom the heart rate reactions to deep breathing (E/I ratio) and to tilt, the immediate acceleration and the transient deceleration (acceleration and brake indices), had been assessed as tests of autonomic neuropathy. |
| 3287 | 2747968 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) several organ-specific autoantibodies are found in addition to pancreatic islet cell autoantibodies. |
| 3288 | 2747968 | Basal and TRH-stimulated TSH were significantly higher, whereas serum FT4 was significantly lower, in patients with IDDM and circulating anti-TMS than in patients with IDDM but without anti-TMS. |
| 3289 | 2747968 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) several organ-specific autoantibodies are found in addition to pancreatic islet cell autoantibodies. |
| 3290 | 2747968 | Basal and TRH-stimulated TSH were significantly higher, whereas serum FT4 was significantly lower, in patients with IDDM and circulating anti-TMS than in patients with IDDM but without anti-TMS. |
| 3291 | 2754576 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a complex, chronic disease that is difficult to control during adolescence. |
| 3292 | 2758953 | There appears to be extraordinary international variation in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the reasons for which are not known. |
| 3293 | 2758954 | The study of HLA histocompatibility antigens and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-White populations may provide a unique opportunity to more accurately define the diabetes susceptibility gene(s) located within the HLA region. |
| 3294 | 2758954 | Several common haplotypes (B8/DR3, B15/DR4) in the non-Hispanic White group occurred less frequently in the Mexican-American group. |
| 3295 | 2758954 | Although both DR3- and DR4-haplotype frequencies differed significantly between the two groups, the relative frequency of DR3- but not DR4-containing haplotypes was similar in both ethnic groups. |
| 3296 | 2758954 | This adds to the evidence suggesting that different susceptibilities are provided by the haplotypes carrying the DR3 and DR4 alleles. |
| 3297 | 2758952 | We reevaluated the latter property with a new methodology (the "up and down" method adapted from Dixon) in 33 healthy subjects, 17 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, and 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 3298 | 2760355 | Therefore, insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic subjects tested four foods, with each food taken by each subject on two separate occasions. |
| 3299 | 2761414 | To assess the effect of experimentally induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on total body lipid composition, homogenates of neonatal (0-day) and 6-day Sprague-Dawley rat pups treated on day 0 with 65 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ) or citrate buffer alone were compared using thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques. |
| 3300 | 2761415 | To investigate the effect of sex and diabetes on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, 15 normal and 12 normolipidemic subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied. |
| 3301 | 2764486 | Fasting levels of glycated haemoglobin, cholesterol and triglycerides were studied in 44 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 31 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 28 healthy Sudanese individuals. |
| 3302 | 2767340 | Hypoglycemia causes substantial morbidity and some mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3303 | 2776588 | For this reason we evaluated N-AER and 24-h AER on the same day from 35 control subjects, 57 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 63 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3304 | 2784133 | HLA-DR4 is associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in many populations. |
| 3305 | 2784133 | The only IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes were those carrying the IDDM-associated alleles at both loci (RR = 12.1); haplotypes with Dw4 or 10 but not DQ3.2, or vice versa, had a RR less than 1. |
| 3306 | 2784133 | HLA-DR4 is associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in many populations. |
| 3307 | 2784133 | The only IDDM-associated DR4 haplotypes were those carrying the IDDM-associated alleles at both loci (RR = 12.1); haplotypes with Dw4 or 10 but not DQ3.2, or vice versa, had a RR less than 1. |
| 3308 | 2784628 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurred in 14 affected individuals in 10 closely related sibships; the 11 living IDDM patients were all concordant for the immunogenetic marker HLA-DR4. |
| 3309 | 2784784 | The BB or BB/Worcester (BB/W) rat is widely recognized as a model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3310 | 2784784 | Of at least three genes implicated in genetic susceptibility to IDDM in this strain, one is clearly linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 3311 | 2784784 | The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to MHC class II sequence data in IDDM patients and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain. |
| 3312 | 2784784 | The BB or BB/Worcester (BB/W) rat is widely recognized as a model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3313 | 2784784 | Of at least three genes implicated in genetic susceptibility to IDDM in this strain, one is clearly linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 3314 | 2784784 | The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to MHC class II sequence data in IDDM patients and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain. |
| 3315 | 2784784 | The BB or BB/Worcester (BB/W) rat is widely recognized as a model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3316 | 2784784 | Of at least three genes implicated in genetic susceptibility to IDDM in this strain, one is clearly linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 3317 | 2784784 | The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to MHC class II sequence data in IDDM patients and in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain. |
| 3318 | 2787312 | Osteoporosis, a recognized complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), may be related to this complex metabolic disorder; moreover, some data emphasize an altered vitamin D metabolism or parathyroid hormone secretion. |
| 3319 | 2791720 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has rarely, if ever, been reported to be an autoimmune disease associated with myasthenia gravis (MG). |
| 3320 | 2791824 | Case reports and empirical studies suggest that young women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be at high risk for developing eating disorders. |
| 3321 | 2791862 | An examination of clinical and empirical evidence raises questions about how best to teach youngsters with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assume responsibility for self-care. |
| 3322 | 2792122 | We studied interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production in unstimulated and stimulated cultures from 27 young diabetic patients and 21 age-matched healthy subjects. |
| 3323 | 2792122 | IL-2 production was low or absent in unstimulated cultures from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and controls. |
| 3324 | 2792122 | No correlation was observed between IL-1, IL-2 production and HbA1 levels or the presence of HLA-DR3 or DR4. |
| 3325 | 2792122 | Our data on "spontaneous" IL-1 production support the hypothesis that monocytes from some newly diagnosed IDDM patients may circulate in a "preactivated" state. |
| 3326 | 2792122 | We studied interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) production in unstimulated and stimulated cultures from 27 young diabetic patients and 21 age-matched healthy subjects. |
| 3327 | 2792122 | IL-2 production was low or absent in unstimulated cultures from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and controls. |
| 3328 | 2792122 | No correlation was observed between IL-1, IL-2 production and HbA1 levels or the presence of HLA-DR3 or DR4. |
| 3329 | 2792122 | Our data on "spontaneous" IL-1 production support the hypothesis that monocytes from some newly diagnosed IDDM patients may circulate in a "preactivated" state. |
| 3330 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin in healthy siblings of IDDM patients independent of HLA identity. |
| 3331 | 2792577 | We therefore analyzed fasting proinsulin levels in 99 siblings of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, most of them discordant for diabetes for greater than 6 yr. |
| 3332 | 2792577 | We conclude that fasting proinsulin is elevated in healthy siblings of IDDM patients, whereas fasting insulin is normal or slightly decreased independent of HLA identity with their diabetic sibling. |
| 3333 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin levels could represent a family trait, perhaps mirroring a beta-cell more vulnerable to destruction, or it could reflect previous beta-cell damage that does not lead to IDDM. |
| 3334 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin in healthy siblings of IDDM patients independent of HLA identity. |
| 3335 | 2792577 | We therefore analyzed fasting proinsulin levels in 99 siblings of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, most of them discordant for diabetes for greater than 6 yr. |
| 3336 | 2792577 | We conclude that fasting proinsulin is elevated in healthy siblings of IDDM patients, whereas fasting insulin is normal or slightly decreased independent of HLA identity with their diabetic sibling. |
| 3337 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin levels could represent a family trait, perhaps mirroring a beta-cell more vulnerable to destruction, or it could reflect previous beta-cell damage that does not lead to IDDM. |
| 3338 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin in healthy siblings of IDDM patients independent of HLA identity. |
| 3339 | 2792577 | We therefore analyzed fasting proinsulin levels in 99 siblings of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, most of them discordant for diabetes for greater than 6 yr. |
| 3340 | 2792577 | We conclude that fasting proinsulin is elevated in healthy siblings of IDDM patients, whereas fasting insulin is normal or slightly decreased independent of HLA identity with their diabetic sibling. |
| 3341 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin levels could represent a family trait, perhaps mirroring a beta-cell more vulnerable to destruction, or it could reflect previous beta-cell damage that does not lead to IDDM. |
| 3342 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin in healthy siblings of IDDM patients independent of HLA identity. |
| 3343 | 2792577 | We therefore analyzed fasting proinsulin levels in 99 siblings of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, most of them discordant for diabetes for greater than 6 yr. |
| 3344 | 2792577 | We conclude that fasting proinsulin is elevated in healthy siblings of IDDM patients, whereas fasting insulin is normal or slightly decreased independent of HLA identity with their diabetic sibling. |
| 3345 | 2792577 | Elevated proinsulin levels could represent a family trait, perhaps mirroring a beta-cell more vulnerable to destruction, or it could reflect previous beta-cell damage that does not lead to IDDM. |
| 3346 | 2794185 | The relationships between two coping styles (i.e., use of personal and interpersonal resources; ventilation and avoidance) and two health outcomes (i.e., adherence and metabolic control) were evaluated in 135 youths with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3347 | 2795420 | The morphotypes of the subgingival microflora from 85 12 to 18-year-old Finnish adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in Gram- and Rhodes-stained smears. |
| 3348 | 2796291 | To obtain data concerning the pathology of diabetic arteries, aortas from 23 patients with diabetes mellitus [9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)] were collected at autopsy together with aortas from sex- and age-matched nondiabetic persons. |
| 3349 | 2797067 | Most black patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease had NIDDM (77 percent), whereas most white patients with diabetic end-stage renal disease had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (58 percent) (P less than or equal to 0.0005 for the difference between the races). |
| 3350 | 2801776 | Autoimmune thyroid phenomena are not evidence for human lymphocyte antigen-genetic heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 3351 | 2801776 | It is well established that there is genetic heterogeneity between a human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-DR3-associated allele and an HLA-DR4-associated allele in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3352 | 2801776 | These results suggest that thyroid autoimmunity in IDDM is part of the IDDM "syndrome" and is associated with DR3 and DR4 to the same extent that IDDM without thyroid disease is associated with these two antigens. |
| 3353 | 2801776 | Thus, although genetic studies are consistent with the heterogeneity between DR3 and DR4 in IDDM, there is no HLA-thyroid disease association to support this heterogeneity. |
| 3354 | 2801776 | Autoimmune thyroid phenomena are not evidence for human lymphocyte antigen-genetic heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 3355 | 2801776 | It is well established that there is genetic heterogeneity between a human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-DR3-associated allele and an HLA-DR4-associated allele in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3356 | 2801776 | These results suggest that thyroid autoimmunity in IDDM is part of the IDDM "syndrome" and is associated with DR3 and DR4 to the same extent that IDDM without thyroid disease is associated with these two antigens. |
| 3357 | 2801776 | Thus, although genetic studies are consistent with the heterogeneity between DR3 and DR4 in IDDM, there is no HLA-thyroid disease association to support this heterogeneity. |
| 3358 | 2801776 | Autoimmune thyroid phenomena are not evidence for human lymphocyte antigen-genetic heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 3359 | 2801776 | It is well established that there is genetic heterogeneity between a human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-DR3-associated allele and an HLA-DR4-associated allele in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3360 | 2801776 | These results suggest that thyroid autoimmunity in IDDM is part of the IDDM "syndrome" and is associated with DR3 and DR4 to the same extent that IDDM without thyroid disease is associated with these two antigens. |
| 3361 | 2801776 | Thus, although genetic studies are consistent with the heterogeneity between DR3 and DR4 in IDDM, there is no HLA-thyroid disease association to support this heterogeneity. |
| 3362 | 2814081 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) affects the overall life situation of the individual. |
| 3363 | 2816491 | This study compares the binding of a human recombinant alpha-interferon to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) mellitus and control subjects. |
| 3364 | 2830074 | DNA from Caucasian normal healthy control subjects, non-gravid patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and gravida with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were analyzed with DNA probes for HLA markers associated with HLA-DR and HLA-DQ to compare the hybridization patterns of their DNA after digestion with restriction endonucleases. |
| 3365 | 2834133 | IgG antibody titres to Coxsackie B1-B6 were measured in 113 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients whose mean age was 12.2 years and mean duration of IDDM was 4.6 years, and in 87 normal sibling controls whose mean age was 13.8 years. |
| 3366 | 2838232 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the situation is less clear, but a decrement of the circadian glucose profile has been shown. |
| 3367 | 2854031 | IgM antibodies to coxsackievirus type B 1-5 (CB 1-5) have recently been observed in sera from children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3368 | 2857143 | After a 0100-0300 h nadir, the insulin requirements to maintain blood glucose at 90-110 mg/dl increase substantially in the prebreakfast (0600-0800 h) period in some insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDMs). |
| 3369 | 2857143 | To assess the role of hGH, we studied five IDDMs using a closed-loop insulin infusion device (Biostator, GCIIS). |
| 3370 | 2857143 | After a 0100-0300 h nadir, the insulin requirements to maintain blood glucose at 90-110 mg/dl increase substantially in the prebreakfast (0600-0800 h) period in some insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDMs). |
| 3371 | 2857143 | To assess the role of hGH, we studied five IDDMs using a closed-loop insulin infusion device (Biostator, GCIIS). |
| 3372 | 2857945 | In 68 newly diagnosed patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) whose treatment included cyclosporin (CyA) the prevalence and mean titre of islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA) fell faster than they did in the 56 who received only insulin. |
| 3373 | 2859524 | The early-morning increase in insulin requirements of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been referred to as the "dawn phenomenon." |
| 3374 | 2861361 | Patients from England, Austria, and Australia with recently diagnosed juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes (type 1) mellitus (IDDM) and matched controls were tested for specific IgM responses to Coxsackie B1-5 viruses. 37 of 122 (30%) patients aged less than 15, but only 15 of 204 (6%) controls, were positive (p less than 0.005). |
| 3375 | 2863632 | To evaluate the role of Coxsackie B viruses in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent (juvenile-onset, type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), attempts were made to correlate virus-specific IgM responses with HLA genes, autoimmune responses, and C-peptide secretion. |
| 3376 | 2863632 | HLA DR3, DR4, or both were present in 73 of 90 (81%) diabetic patients; 22 of 23 (96%) with Coxsackie-B-virus-specific IgM had at least one of these HLA types, compared with 51 of 67 (76%) without virus-specific IgM. |
| 3377 | 2865093 | Reduced postprandial hyperglycemia after subcutaneous injection of a somatostatin-analogue (SMS 201-995) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3378 | 2865093 | The effect of a new octapeptide analogue of somatostatin (SMS 201-995) on blood glucose and gut hormone levels was studied in 10 C-peptide-negative, insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 3379 | 2865093 | SMS abolished completely the postprandial increase in plasma gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) concentrations. |
| 3380 | 2865094 | This workshop, the first of its kind to focus specifically on the epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), was sponsored jointly by the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation (JDF), the Pennsylvania Department of Health, and the Centers for Disease Control. |
| 3381 | 2869996 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) is a randomized, controlled clinical trial designed to assess the relationship between glycemic control and the development, progression, or amelioration of early vascular complications in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3382 | 2871336 | The HLA-DR3 haplotype is associated with increased risk of myasthenia gravis (MG) and a number of other autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), coeliac disease, and premature ovarian failure (POF). |
| 3383 | 2871336 | With a cDNA probe for a DQ beta gene, a 15 kb Hinc II restriction fragment has been demonstrated in genomic DNA from 7 of 16 HLA-DR3 patients with MG, 1 of 19 healthy DR3 controls, and none of 24 DR3 patients with IDDM, coeliac disease, or POF. |
| 3384 | 2871336 | The HLA-DR3 haplotype is associated with increased risk of myasthenia gravis (MG) and a number of other autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), coeliac disease, and premature ovarian failure (POF). |
| 3385 | 2871336 | With a cDNA probe for a DQ beta gene, a 15 kb Hinc II restriction fragment has been demonstrated in genomic DNA from 7 of 16 HLA-DR3 patients with MG, 1 of 19 healthy DR3 controls, and none of 24 DR3 patients with IDDM, coeliac disease, or POF. |
| 3386 | 2871420 | Despite the increased risk of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus, levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were similar in 57 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 81 non-diabetic controls. |
| 3387 | 2871420 | However, substantially lower serum levels of apolipoprotein B, the principal apolipoprotein of LDL, and a concomitant increase in the cholesterol-loading of apolipoprotein B were found in IDDM. |
| 3388 | 2871420 | Despite the increased risk of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus, levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were similar in 57 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 81 non-diabetic controls. |
| 3389 | 2871420 | However, substantially lower serum levels of apolipoprotein B, the principal apolipoprotein of LDL, and a concomitant increase in the cholesterol-loading of apolipoprotein B were found in IDDM. |
| 3390 | 2879755 | Because the 5'-flanking hypervariable region of the human insulin gene may be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we examined the spontaneously diabetic BB rat and other rat strains for polymorphisms of the two rat insulin genes, the localization of such polymorphisms, and their possible association with IDDM. |
| 3391 | 2881947 | A BamHI 3.7-kilobase (kb) fragment detected by an HLA-DQ beta-chain complementary DNA (cDNA) probe and negatively associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was cloned and sequenced to localize the polymorphism to BamHI sites in intervening sequences of an HLA-DQ beta-chain gene. |
| 3392 | 2882967 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) is a multicenter, randomized, clinical study designed to determine whether an intensive treatment regimen directed at maintaining blood glucose concentrations as close to normal as possible will affect the appearance or progression of early vascular complications in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3393 | 2884157 | Basal and meal-induced somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in healthy subjects and in IDDM and totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3394 | 2884157 | We investigated the impact of blood glucose normalization on plasma levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in subjects with C-peptide-negative insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3395 | 2884157 | We conclude that in IDDM and in totally pancreatectomized patients, administration of insulin with subsequent normalization of blood glucose is accompanied by a decline in plasma levels of SLI in the fasted state, whereas the apparent response to a meal is enhanced. |
| 3396 | 2884157 | Basal and meal-induced somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in healthy subjects and in IDDM and totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3397 | 2884157 | We investigated the impact of blood glucose normalization on plasma levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in subjects with C-peptide-negative insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3398 | 2884157 | We conclude that in IDDM and in totally pancreatectomized patients, administration of insulin with subsequent normalization of blood glucose is accompanied by a decline in plasma levels of SLI in the fasted state, whereas the apparent response to a meal is enhanced. |
| 3399 | 2884157 | Basal and meal-induced somatostatin-like immunoreactivity in healthy subjects and in IDDM and totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3400 | 2884157 | We investigated the impact of blood glucose normalization on plasma levels of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SLI) in subjects with C-peptide-negative insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in totally pancreatectomized patients. |
| 3401 | 2884157 | We conclude that in IDDM and in totally pancreatectomized patients, administration of insulin with subsequent normalization of blood glucose is accompanied by a decline in plasma levels of SLI in the fasted state, whereas the apparent response to a meal is enhanced. |
| 3402 | 2884179 | The effect on glucose homeostasis of a transient elevation of plasma growth hormone (GH) and cortisol was studied over 6 h in 14 male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by using an i.v. somatostatin (100 micrograms/h) - insulin (0.4 mU/kg/min) glucose (3 mg/kg/min) - infusion test (SIGIT). |
| 3403 | 2884179 | It is concluded that an episodic increase in circulating GH-cortisol, resembling the responses of these hormones to an insulin-induced hypoglycemia, exerts a diabetogenic effect in IDDM-patients not deprived of insulin. |
| 3404 | 2884179 | The effect on glucose homeostasis of a transient elevation of plasma growth hormone (GH) and cortisol was studied over 6 h in 14 male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by using an i.v. somatostatin (100 micrograms/h) - insulin (0.4 mU/kg/min) glucose (3 mg/kg/min) - infusion test (SIGIT). |
| 3405 | 2884179 | It is concluded that an episodic increase in circulating GH-cortisol, resembling the responses of these hormones to an insulin-induced hypoglycemia, exerts a diabetogenic effect in IDDM-patients not deprived of insulin. |
| 3406 | 2884229 | To examine the effects of age and duration and treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) on residual beta-cell function, we measured the fasting and Sustacal-stimulated serum C-peptide levels in 610 conventionally treated IDDM patients (age, 13-39 yr; duration of diabetes, 1-15 yr) during eligibility screening for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). |
| 3407 | 2884229 | Patients with stimulated C-peptide levels greater than 0.2 pmol/mL had a significantly lower mean fasting plasma glucose level [177 +/- 6 (+/- SEM) vs. 222 +/- 6 mg/dL; P less than 0.001), a smaller rise in glucose after Sustacal administration (151 +/- 5 vs. 184 +/- 3 mg/dL; P less than 0.001), and lower hemoglobin A1C (8.4 +/- 0.2% vs. 9.3 +/- 0.1%; P less than 0.001) than the patients with a stimulated C-peptide level of 0.05 pmol/mL or less, even though the C-peptide secretors were receiving less insulin (0.52 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.02 U/kg X day; P less than 0.001). |
| 3408 | 2885161 | Plasma immunoreactive somatostatin response to arginine after glycemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in type I diabetics. |
| 3409 | 2885161 | The effects of 3 wk of near normoglycemia by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on plasma immunoreactive somatostatin (IRS) responses to arginine (0.5 g X kg-1 X 30 min-1) in seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were compared with the same patients in poor glycemic control during conventional insulin therapy (CIT) and with seven normal controls. |
| 3410 | 2885161 | Plasma free-insulin levels in IDDM patients 30 min before a meal during CSII were significantly higher than those during CIT or in normal controls. |
| 3411 | 2885161 | Plasma immunoreactive somatostatin response to arginine after glycemic control with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in type I diabetics. |
| 3412 | 2885161 | The effects of 3 wk of near normoglycemia by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on plasma immunoreactive somatostatin (IRS) responses to arginine (0.5 g X kg-1 X 30 min-1) in seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were compared with the same patients in poor glycemic control during conventional insulin therapy (CIT) and with seven normal controls. |
| 3413 | 2885161 | Plasma free-insulin levels in IDDM patients 30 min before a meal during CSII were significantly higher than those during CIT or in normal controls. |
| 3414 | 2886833 | The case-histories of 3 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggested that, after a switch from beef/porcine to human insulin, a given level of hypoglycaemia may cause less pronounced sympathoadrenal symptoms (tremor, sweating, &c), so that there is less warning of impending unconsciousness. |
| 3415 | 2886833 | This possibility was investigated by questioning of 176 IDDM patients who had switched from beef/porcine to human insulin with negligible change in dosage 1-48 months earlier. 66 (36%) said that their symptoms of hypoglycaemia had changed from those of sympathoadrenal activation to those of neuroglycopenia. |
| 3416 | 2886833 | The case-histories of 3 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggested that, after a switch from beef/porcine to human insulin, a given level of hypoglycaemia may cause less pronounced sympathoadrenal symptoms (tremor, sweating, &c), so that there is less warning of impending unconsciousness. |
| 3417 | 2886833 | This possibility was investigated by questioning of 176 IDDM patients who had switched from beef/porcine to human insulin with negligible change in dosage 1-48 months earlier. 66 (36%) said that their symptoms of hypoglycaemia had changed from those of sympathoadrenal activation to those of neuroglycopenia. |
| 3418 | 2892397 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an RFLP adjacent to the insulin gene has been consistently observed, but its etiological significance is unclear. |
| 3419 | 2892397 | We studied unrelated IDDM patients (N = 45) and controls (N = 65) to confirm the association--and assessed evidence for linkage in 22 families with at least two affected (IDDM) sibs--to determine whether the insulin-gene region actually contributes to susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 3420 | 2892397 | Thus, although these data clearly illustrate the contribution of HLA-linked susceptibility to IDDM, they argue strongly against a contribution of similar magnitude by the insulin-gene region. |
| 3421 | 2892397 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an RFLP adjacent to the insulin gene has been consistently observed, but its etiological significance is unclear. |
| 3422 | 2892397 | We studied unrelated IDDM patients (N = 45) and controls (N = 65) to confirm the association--and assessed evidence for linkage in 22 families with at least two affected (IDDM) sibs--to determine whether the insulin-gene region actually contributes to susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 3423 | 2892397 | Thus, although these data clearly illustrate the contribution of HLA-linked susceptibility to IDDM, they argue strongly against a contribution of similar magnitude by the insulin-gene region. |
| 3424 | 2892397 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and an RFLP adjacent to the insulin gene has been consistently observed, but its etiological significance is unclear. |
| 3425 | 2892397 | We studied unrelated IDDM patients (N = 45) and controls (N = 65) to confirm the association--and assessed evidence for linkage in 22 families with at least two affected (IDDM) sibs--to determine whether the insulin-gene region actually contributes to susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 3426 | 2892397 | Thus, although these data clearly illustrate the contribution of HLA-linked susceptibility to IDDM, they argue strongly against a contribution of similar magnitude by the insulin-gene region. |
| 3427 | 2894750 | Insulin resistance was assessed after a hypoglycemia induced by insulin (1.5 mU X kg-1 X min-1) between 7 and 8 a.m. in 10 well-insulinized patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3428 | 2894750 | Blood glucose levels during a somatostatin (100 micrograms X h-1)-insulin (0.4 mU X kg-1 X min-1)-glucose (4.5 mg X kg-1)-infusion test (SIGIT) performed between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. served as an indicator of total body insulin resistance. |
| 3429 | 2894750 | We conclude that hypoglycemia evokes a state of insulin resistance for several hours, as demonstrated by elevated blood glucose levels during a somatostatin-insulin-glucose-infusion test. |
| 3430 | 2894751 | The effect of growth hormone (GH) on the glucose homeostasis following nocturnal hypoglycemia was studied between 4 a.m. and noon in eight male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by a somatostatin (250 micrograms/h)-insulin (0.4 mU/kg/min)-glucose (6 mg/kg/min)-infusion test (SIGIT). |
| 3431 | 2894928 | Serological and/or DNA markers for genes that confer susceptibility to the insulin-dependent form of the disorder (IDDM; type 1) have been identified in the HLA-D region of chromosome 6 and near the insulin gene on chromosome 11. |
| 3432 | 2894928 | Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; type 2) make up a more heterogeneous group than those with IDDM and it is likely that in these patients similar clinical phenotypes may be produced by different genetic defects. |
| 3433 | 2894928 | The synthesis of either an abnormal insulin/proinsulin molecule or an abnormal insulin receptor can confer susceptibility to NIDDM. |
| 3434 | 2894928 | In addition, studies of restriction fragment length polymorphism and disease associations suggest that two other genes may contribute to the development of NIDDM on chromosome 11, one near the insulin gene on the short arm of this chromosome and the other near the apolipoprotein A-I gene on the long arm. |
| 3435 | 2894928 | Serological and/or DNA markers for genes that confer susceptibility to the insulin-dependent form of the disorder (IDDM; type 1) have been identified in the HLA-D region of chromosome 6 and near the insulin gene on chromosome 11. |
| 3436 | 2894928 | Patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; type 2) make up a more heterogeneous group than those with IDDM and it is likely that in these patients similar clinical phenotypes may be produced by different genetic defects. |
| 3437 | 2894928 | The synthesis of either an abnormal insulin/proinsulin molecule or an abnormal insulin receptor can confer susceptibility to NIDDM. |
| 3438 | 2894928 | In addition, studies of restriction fragment length polymorphism and disease associations suggest that two other genes may contribute to the development of NIDDM on chromosome 11, one near the insulin gene on the short arm of this chromosome and the other near the apolipoprotein A-I gene on the long arm. |
| 3439 | 2895363 | 719 first-degree relatives of diabetic children were followed up to assess the value of HLA haplotype sharing and of islet-cell antibodies (ICA) for prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 3440 | 2897940 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) is a multicenter randomized clinical trial studying the effect of intensive insulin therapy on the early vascular and neurological complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3441 | 2898855 | Somatostatin reduces posthypoglycemic insulin resistance in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3442 | 2898855 | In order to study whether somatostatin reduces posthypoglycemic insulin resistance, hypoglycemia was induced between 7.00 and 8.00 h by an iv infusion of insulin with and without somatostatin (250 micrograms/h) in 6 male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3443 | 2898855 | Insulin resistance was assessed by a somatostatin-insulin-infusion test (SIGIT) between 11.00 and 15.00 h. |
| 3444 | 2898855 | It is concluded that somatostatin reduces insulin resistance following hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 3445 | 2898855 | Somatostatin reduces posthypoglycemic insulin resistance in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3446 | 2898855 | In order to study whether somatostatin reduces posthypoglycemic insulin resistance, hypoglycemia was induced between 7.00 and 8.00 h by an iv infusion of insulin with and without somatostatin (250 micrograms/h) in 6 male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3447 | 2898855 | Insulin resistance was assessed by a somatostatin-insulin-infusion test (SIGIT) between 11.00 and 15.00 h. |
| 3448 | 2898855 | It is concluded that somatostatin reduces insulin resistance following hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 3449 | 2900205 | The infusion of natural somatostatin (SRIF) has been able to partially correct postprandial hyperglycemic reactions in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3450 | 2901099 | Since HLA-DRw15 (a subdivision of the HLA-DR2 specificity previously called DR2 long) is associated with dominant nonsusceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while HLA-DRw16 (another subdivision of HLA-DR2, previously called DR2 short) is positively associated with the disease, we looked for particular characteristics of HLA products encoded by the DR2 haplotypes of IDDM patients. |
| 3451 | 2901399 | HLA-DQ system and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese: does it contribute to the development of IDDM as it does in Caucasians? |
| 3452 | 2901399 | Fifty-six unrelated Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were HLA-typed, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed after enzyme digestion with Bam HI and Taq I by using both DR and DQ probes. |
| 3453 | 2901399 | As previously reported, increased frequencies of Bw54, Cw1, DR4, and DRw53, which are in strong linkage disequilibrium in the Japanese population and make the characteristic Japanese haplotype, were confirmed. |
| 3454 | 2901399 | HLA-DQ system and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese: does it contribute to the development of IDDM as it does in Caucasians? |
| 3455 | 2901399 | Fifty-six unrelated Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were HLA-typed, and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed after enzyme digestion with Bam HI and Taq I by using both DR and DQ probes. |
| 3456 | 2901399 | As previously reported, increased frequencies of Bw54, Cw1, DR4, and DRw53, which are in strong linkage disequilibrium in the Japanese population and make the characteristic Japanese haplotype, were confirmed. |
| 3457 | 2903105 | A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial was undertaken to determine whether cyclosporin enhances remission of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) through the 1st yr after diagnosis. |
| 3458 | 2903105 | Metabolic control was evaluated by serial determinations of glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and endogenous secretion of insulin was evaluated by determination of the levels of glucagon-stimulated insulin-connecting peptide (CP) in the plasma at 3-mo intervals. |
| 3459 | 2903616 | Insulin resistance was determined by a constant rate intravenous infusion of somatostatin, insulin and glucose. |
| 3460 | 2903616 | By using this method it was demonstrated that insulin resistance occurred for at least 12 hours after a hypoglycemic event in patients with IDDM, and that adrenaline caused immediate insulin resistance which, however, faded out within four to six hours, while GH exerted no immediate effect on insulin sensitivity but caused marked and sustained insulin resistance after a lag period of about four hours. |
| 3461 | 2903616 | It is possible that such prolonged insulin resistance may cause posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 3462 | 2903616 | These studies therefore indicate that the GH suppressing hormone somatostatin may be of clinical value as an adjunct to insulin in the treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and labile blood glucose control. |
| 3463 | 2903616 | Insulin resistance was determined by a constant rate intravenous infusion of somatostatin, insulin and glucose. |
| 3464 | 2903616 | By using this method it was demonstrated that insulin resistance occurred for at least 12 hours after a hypoglycemic event in patients with IDDM, and that adrenaline caused immediate insulin resistance which, however, faded out within four to six hours, while GH exerted no immediate effect on insulin sensitivity but caused marked and sustained insulin resistance after a lag period of about four hours. |
| 3465 | 2903616 | It is possible that such prolonged insulin resistance may cause posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 3466 | 2903616 | These studies therefore indicate that the GH suppressing hormone somatostatin may be of clinical value as an adjunct to insulin in the treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and labile blood glucose control. |
| 3467 | 2903835 | Fifty Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 94 normal subjects were genotyped for BglII restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) of the T-lymphocyte-receptor beta-chain (TLR beta)-region gene and analyzed in relation to HLA-DR phenotypes. |
| 3468 | 2904881 | Identifiable risks such as increased frequency of hypoglycemia accompany the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 3469 | 2907293 | The frequencies of genotypes possessing the S2 allele in Caucasian controls (n = 54), race matched non-insulin dependent diabetics (n = 56) and insulin dependent diabetics (n = 34) were 0.06, 0.18 and 0.04 respectively (p less than 0.01 for NIDDM versus IDDM or controls by chi-squared test). |
| 3470 | 2909415 | We recently found that the infusion of ketone bodies is able to raise GFR in both normal subjects and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3471 | 2909415 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal reserve in 15 IDDM patients with a duration of diabetes of greater than 9 yr [8 with albumin excretion rate less than 15 micrograms/min (group 1) and 7 with albumin excretion rate greater than 100 micrograms/min (group 2)] and in 8 normal subjects during amino acid infusion (33 mumol.kg-1.min-1, Travasol 10% wt/vol solution containing 0.154 mM sodium chloride concentration; Travenol, Savage, MD) and during acetoacetic sodium salt (25 mumol.kg-1.min-1) infusion. |
| 3472 | 2909415 | We recently found that the infusion of ketone bodies is able to raise GFR in both normal subjects and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3473 | 2909415 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the renal reserve in 15 IDDM patients with a duration of diabetes of greater than 9 yr [8 with albumin excretion rate less than 15 micrograms/min (group 1) and 7 with albumin excretion rate greater than 100 micrograms/min (group 2)] and in 8 normal subjects during amino acid infusion (33 mumol.kg-1.min-1, Travasol 10% wt/vol solution containing 0.154 mM sodium chloride concentration; Travenol, Savage, MD) and during acetoacetic sodium salt (25 mumol.kg-1.min-1) infusion. |
| 3474 | 2912062 | Abnormal albumin excretion in the range not previously detectable by routine clinical methods can now be readily quantified, and has been shown to predict the development of clinically significant nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to predict excess mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3475 | 2912062 | In IDDM, persistent minimal elevation of albumin excretion predicts the development of more severe proteinuria and clinical diabetic nephropathy, which frequently progresses to renal failure. |
| 3476 | 2912062 | Abnormal albumin excretion in the range not previously detectable by routine clinical methods can now be readily quantified, and has been shown to predict the development of clinically significant nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to predict excess mortality in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3477 | 2912062 | In IDDM, persistent minimal elevation of albumin excretion predicts the development of more severe proteinuria and clinical diabetic nephropathy, which frequently progresses to renal failure. |
| 3478 | 2916567 | Hypertrophy and hyperfiltration are characteristic features of single kidneys and kidneys of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3479 | 2934540 | Defects in neutrophil or polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) chemotaxis have been observed in a number of clinical conditions, including Down's syndrome and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which tend to be associated with severe forms of periodontal disease. |
| 3480 | 2937583 | Initial reports of blood T cell subsets in insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are conflicting and, consequently, difficult to relate to animal models of the disease. |
| 3481 | 2943620 | Impairment of suppressor-cell activity may be important in the pathogenesis and maintenance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3482 | 2943620 | In IDDM patients we found a significant (P less than .05) reduction of OKT4+ lymphocytes that is correlated with blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels (P less than .01). |
| 3483 | 2943620 | Impairment of suppressor-cell activity may be important in the pathogenesis and maintenance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3484 | 2943620 | In IDDM patients we found a significant (P less than .05) reduction of OKT4+ lymphocytes that is correlated with blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels (P less than .01). |
| 3485 | 2951092 | We have studied the hyperglycaemic effect of the carbohydrate of glucose, sucrose, and honey equivalent to 20 g in twelve normal volunteers, eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and six patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3486 | 2951096 | The prevalence of limited joint mobility (LJM) was studied in 110 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 190 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) consecutive Ethiopian African diabetics and 300 age- and sex-matched controls at the Tikur Anbassa Teaching Hospital in Addis Ababa over a period of 18 months. |
| 3487 | 2951140 | Forty-four non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) and 41 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients received GIK. |
| 3488 | 2951222 | One hundred and thirty consecutive routinely attending insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) were asked to show a source of sugar and diabetes identification (ID). |
| 3489 | 2951221 | To investigate whether morning or evening injection of a long-acting insulin preparation (Ultratard HM, Novo) affects the glycaemic control in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, 24-hour blood glucose and plasma free insulin profiles were obtained in nine C-peptide negative IDDMs after one daily injection of insulin Ultratard HM either before breakfast (0800 h) or at 2200 h during the preceding 14 days. |
| 3490 | 2951224 | A survey was conducted in 1984-85, within Leicester City boundaries, which contains 64,535 children below the age of 15 years (20,267 Asian and 44,268 White Caucasian) to ascertain the prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using a central register maintained for the changeover to U-100 insulin, diabetic health visitor index cards, hospital admissions of diabetic children, and individual registers maintained by us. |
| 3491 | 2951228 | A woman with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and resistance to subcutaneously injected insulin conceived while being treated with intraperitoneal (i.p.) insulin administered through a recently developed subcutaneous peritoneal access device (SPAD). |
| 3492 | 2951844 | Twelve insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy controls, who all carried the serologically defined DR3 and DR4 antigens, were compared with respect to other HLA polymorphisms. |
| 3493 | 2951844 | Furthermore, when the distribution of all DQ beta-specific fragments which demonstrated polymorphism in our material was taken into account, nine of the 12 DR3, 4 IDDM patients demonstrated a similar DQ beta polymorphism compared with only two out of the 12 DR3, 4 controls (P = 0.006; corrected P = 0.037). |
| 3494 | 2951844 | Twelve insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy controls, who all carried the serologically defined DR3 and DR4 antigens, were compared with respect to other HLA polymorphisms. |
| 3495 | 2951844 | Furthermore, when the distribution of all DQ beta-specific fragments which demonstrated polymorphism in our material was taken into account, nine of the 12 DR3, 4 IDDM patients demonstrated a similar DQ beta polymorphism compared with only two out of the 12 DR3, 4 controls (P = 0.006; corrected P = 0.037). |
| 3496 | 2956021 | Forty per cent of all Danish insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients survive for at least 40 years after diagnosis. |
| 3497 | 2956020 | All 906 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed before the age of 31 years, prior to 1943, and admitted to the Steno Memorial Hospital were followed until death or until 1 January 1984. |
| 3498 | 2956024 | Red cell sorbitol levels were higher in 53 patients having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than in 16 control subjects. |
| 3499 | 2956043 | Insulin treated NIDDM patients had a rate of 23.9, whereas IDDM patients had a rate of 15.2 bed-days per person-year. |
| 3500 | 2959402 | Beta-hexosaminidase activity in plasma and urine was measured and compared in insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) with and without proliferative retinopathy. |
| 3501 | 2964330 | Seventy-three per cent of insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) and 92% of non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) MCQ correct options had facility indices within the acceptable range of 30 to 90%. 82% IDDM and 93% NIDDM correct options had discrimination coefficients exceeding 0.2. |
| 3502 | 2964979 | Prevalences of antibodies were 21/114 (18%) for IgG antibodies and 9/114 (8%) for IgM antibodies in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3503 | 2964980 | We investigated whether the glomerular synthesis of prostaglandins modulates the glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion in incipient diabetic nephropathy (defined as urinary albumin excretion between 30 and 300 mg/24 h (microalbuminuria) in two out of three sterile ketone-free 24-h urine collections in patients having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without hypertension or other kidney disease). |
| 3504 | 2964980 | The urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 was significantly elevated in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with incipient nephropathy as compared with 9 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and 11 healthy controls: 317 (182-1273); 95 (67-225); 132 (54-263) pg/min, respectively (2p less than 0.01). |
| 3505 | 2964980 | We investigated whether the glomerular synthesis of prostaglandins modulates the glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion in incipient diabetic nephropathy (defined as urinary albumin excretion between 30 and 300 mg/24 h (microalbuminuria) in two out of three sterile ketone-free 24-h urine collections in patients having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without hypertension or other kidney disease). |
| 3506 | 2964980 | The urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 was significantly elevated in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with incipient nephropathy as compared with 9 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and 11 healthy controls: 317 (182-1273); 95 (67-225); 132 (54-263) pg/min, respectively (2p less than 0.01). |
| 3507 | 2964981 | Twenty-one patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participated in a 20-week randomized cross-over comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) with intensified conventional treatment (ICT) using the NovoPen. |
| 3508 | 2964985 | Reports of renal replacement therapy in diabetes usually refer to patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only, and little is known about renal failure in non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM). |
| 3509 | 2967150 | The prevalence of depression was investigated in a group of Caucasian and West Indian, insulin-(IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) adult diabetics and a non-diabetic comparison group. |
| 3510 | 2968203 | We studied autologous mixed leukocyte reaction (AMLR) in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, their healthy siblings and healthy schoolchildren, Blood samples from the patients were drawn within 1 week after hospitalization and 2 months later. |
| 3511 | 2968890 | Knowledge about diabetes was assessed using a previously described interactive computer-based questionnaire in 79 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 72 with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus routinely attending a single diabetic clinic. |
| 3512 | 2968891 | The nephrotic syndrome may rarely present coincidentally with, or soon after, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3513 | 2969902 | Seventeen patients with Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (8 women and 9 men) undergoing chronic hemodialysis were investigated by retrospective follow-up and compared with 17 age and sex matched IDDM patients without diabetic nephropathy (controls). |
| 3514 | 2969906 | Near normoglycemia for 1 year has no effect on platelet reactivity, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a controlled trial. |
| 3515 | 2969906 | The impact of prolonged near-normoglycemia on platelet reactivity (spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation), factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. |
| 3516 | 2969906 | Twenty IDDM patients with no or only minor clinical signs of microvascular disease were randomly assigned to 1 year of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or unchanged conventional insulin treatment (CIT). |
| 3517 | 2969906 | Near normoglycemia for 1 year has no effect on platelet reactivity, factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a controlled trial. |
| 3518 | 2969906 | The impact of prolonged near-normoglycemia on platelet reactivity (spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation), factor VIII, and von Willebrand factor in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. |
| 3519 | 2969906 | Twenty IDDM patients with no or only minor clinical signs of microvascular disease were randomly assigned to 1 year of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or unchanged conventional insulin treatment (CIT). |
| 3520 | 2969912 | Effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion on kidney function and size in IDDM patients: a 2 year controlled study. |
| 3521 | 2969912 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), kidney volume, and urinary albumin excretion rate were measured in 24 insulin-dependent diabetics, aged 29 +/- 7 years (mean +/- SD) with diabetes duration of 8 +/- 4 years who were randomly allocated to either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (n = 12) or unchanged conventional insulin treatment (CIT) (n = 12). |
| 3522 | 2972427 | The majority of the activated T cells in the blood of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients are CD4+. |
| 3523 | 2972427 | Twenty-five recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic patients were screened for the presence of activated T lymphocytes using the anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibody; thirteen had elevated levels of activated T lymphocytes. |
| 3524 | 2972427 | The activated cells were mostly confined to the CD4 subset, with the CD4/CD8 ratio in IL-2 receptor expressing cells averaging 5 +/- 1 (s.d.) compared with 1.3 +/- 0.3 for all T cells. |
| 3525 | 2972427 | In recent onset insulin-dependent diabetes blood there was no lack of CD4 CD45R+ (suppressor/inducer) T cells. |
| 3526 | 2972427 | The activated IL-2 receptor, expressing cells belonged to both CD4 subsets, 'helper inducer' (CD44B4) and 'suppressor inducer', (CD42H4). |
| 3527 | 2976759 | This report reviews data regarding diabetic nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy (PR) that were derived from three inception cohorts of insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) under the age of 21 years at the onset of diabetes mellitus in the index years 1939, 1949, and 1959. |
| 3528 | 2976762 | The authors have studied relationships of renal structure and function in more than 100 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), aged 13-55 years (mean, 30 years) with diabetes for 1-30 years (mean, 19 years). |
| 3529 | 2977106 | We have tested whether germline immunoglobulin kappa light chain variable region (V kappa) genes contribute to the genetic predisposition for IDDM. |
| 3530 | 2984315 | The so-called M-variant (especially subtype D) of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) induces a diabetes-like syndrome in certain mouse strains which may serve as a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man. |
| 3531 | 2988099 | The evidence that coxsackievirus B plays a causal role in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed. |
| 3532 | 2993084 | Plasma pancreatic polypeptide response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia as a marker for defective glucose counterregulation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3533 | 2993084 | Defective glucose counterregulation occurs in some insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDMs) as a result of a combined deficiency of glucagon (IRG) and epinephrine (EPI) secretion in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 3534 | 2993084 | To determine whether the deficient glucagon response, the deficient epinephrine response, or both are manifestations of autonomic dysfunction, we used the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) secretory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia as a marker for autonomic neuropathy. |
| 3535 | 2993084 | Seven nondiabetic controls and 21 IDDMs were given insulin at 40 mU/kg/h after overnight euglycemia. |
| 3536 | 2993084 | Plasma pancreatic polypeptide response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia as a marker for defective glucose counterregulation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 3537 | 2993084 | Defective glucose counterregulation occurs in some insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDMs) as a result of a combined deficiency of glucagon (IRG) and epinephrine (EPI) secretion in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 3538 | 2993084 | To determine whether the deficient glucagon response, the deficient epinephrine response, or both are manifestations of autonomic dysfunction, we used the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) secretory response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia as a marker for autonomic neuropathy. |
| 3539 | 2993084 | Seven nondiabetic controls and 21 IDDMs were given insulin at 40 mU/kg/h after overnight euglycemia. |
| 3540 | 2995996 | By using genomic blot-hybridization analysis with DQ beta-chain and DR beta-chain cDNA probes, we examined DNA polymorphisms within the HLA class II loci associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3541 | 2996865 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 3542 | 2998911 | Although some previous studies have suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a heterogeneous condition with variant forms being associated with HLA-DR types, the evidence, thus far, is conflicting. |
| 3543 | 2999322 | Twenty-four consecutive children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were investigated for a history of infectious disease. |
| 3544 | 2999792 | Polymorphic restriction endonuclease sites within the HLA-DR alpha gene have been defined, localized, and used as genetic markers in the analysis of susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3545 | 3001475 | Of these, 52 subjects had NIDDM, 10 had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 80 were nondiabetics (ND). |
| 3546 | 3002976 | HLA-DQ alpha and HLA-DX alpha gene polymorphisms were analyzed by Southern blot techniques in 78 Caucasoid insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects and 55 control subjects. |
| 3547 | 3002976 | Thus, if this DX alpha U allele is not the DR3-associated IDDM susceptibility gene, it is the closest marker hitherto studied. |
| 3548 | 3002976 | HLA-DQ alpha and HLA-DX alpha gene polymorphisms were analyzed by Southern blot techniques in 78 Caucasoid insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects and 55 control subjects. |
| 3549 | 3002976 | Thus, if this DX alpha U allele is not the DR3-associated IDDM susceptibility gene, it is the closest marker hitherto studied. |
| 3550 | 3007344 | In the present study, we have analyzed class II DQ alpha, DQ beta, and DR beta restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in HLA-DR2/Dw-typed healthy, unrelated Israeli individuals, as well as in 11 French HLA-DR2 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 11 French DR-matched controls. |
| 3551 | 3011344 | Heterogeneity of anterior pituitary cell antibodies detected in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. |
| 3552 | 3011344 | Results in 24 cases out of 81 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 10 cases of 21 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficient patients were positive for autoantibodies to anterior pituitary cell cytoplasm. |
| 3553 | 3011344 | Populations of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are almost equal in males and females. |
| 3554 | 3011344 | These results suggest that heterogenous PitCA are involved in the sera of those patients with IDDM and ACTH deficiency. |
| 3555 | 3011344 | Heterogeneity of anterior pituitary cell antibodies detected in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. |
| 3556 | 3011344 | Results in 24 cases out of 81 insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 10 cases of 21 adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficient patients were positive for autoantibodies to anterior pituitary cell cytoplasm. |
| 3557 | 3011344 | Populations of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are almost equal in males and females. |
| 3558 | 3011344 | These results suggest that heterogenous PitCA are involved in the sera of those patients with IDDM and ACTH deficiency. |
| 3559 | 3012924 | The GABAergic control of prolactin release is not affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: evidence from studies with sodium valproate. |
| 3560 | 3012924 | In order to evaluate the influence of the GABAergic system in the regulation of PRL secretion in patients with IDDM, serum PRL levels were measured in 7 diabetics and in 7 normal men with sodium valproate (400 mg per os), a drug capable of increasing cerebral GABA concentrations. |
| 3561 | 3014039 | More than 90% of DR4+ IDDM patients express one of these alleles, DQ3.2; restriction enzyme mapping indicates that the presence of this allele also accounts for the genomic fragment patterns previously reported in IDDM. |
| 3562 | 3014346 | Certain class II determinants of the human histocompatibility locus antigens (HLA) have been implicated in the aetiology of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3563 | 3014346 | When the HLA-DR system was defined, RA patients were found to have an increased frequency of DR4 and IDDM patients an increased incidence of both DR4 and DR3 compared with controls. |
| 3564 | 3014346 | Certain class II determinants of the human histocompatibility locus antigens (HLA) have been implicated in the aetiology of several autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3565 | 3014346 | When the HLA-DR system was defined, RA patients were found to have an increased frequency of DR4 and IDDM patients an increased incidence of both DR4 and DR3 compared with controls. |
| 3566 | 3015788 | Three HLA-DR beta genes were isolated from a Swedish HLA-DR3/4 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patient and characterized by restriction endonuclease mapping and nucleotide sequence analysis. |
| 3567 | 3017653 | Polymorphism in the 5'-flanking region of the human insulin gene in 149 unrelated Japanese subjects [77 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 17 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 55 controls] was analyzed with Southern blot hybridization. |
| 3568 | 3030620 | Plasma concentrations of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP) were measured before and during bicycle exercise in 8 well-controlled (mean pre-exercise blood glucose 5.3 mmol/l; HbA1 8.6%) and 8 moderately controlled (mean pre-exercise blood glucose 12.2 mmol/l; HbA1 10.8%) patients aged 18-32 years with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in a group of non-diabetic control subjects matched for age and sex. |
| 3569 | 3034475 | In a cross-sectional study comprising of 56 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) serum was examined for the presence of complement-dependent antibody mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) by an improved assay measuring the release of 51Cr from freshly isolated normal rat islet cells prelabeled with the isotope. |
| 3570 | 3034475 | At the time of clinical onset of IDDM the age of the patients, fasting and stimulated C-peptide levels, insulin requirement, HLA antigens, antibodies to Coxsackie B1-6 viruses, diabetes heredity, and, surprisingly, islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were not associated with C'AMC. |
| 3571 | 3034475 | In a cross-sectional study comprising of 56 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) serum was examined for the presence of complement-dependent antibody mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) by an improved assay measuring the release of 51Cr from freshly isolated normal rat islet cells prelabeled with the isotope. |
| 3572 | 3034475 | At the time of clinical onset of IDDM the age of the patients, fasting and stimulated C-peptide levels, insulin requirement, HLA antigens, antibodies to Coxsackie B1-6 viruses, diabetes heredity, and, surprisingly, islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were not associated with C'AMC. |
| 3573 | 3042254 | The role of diet in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has not been properly examined, mainly due to a lack of reliable markers to identify prospective diabetics and the difficulties in obtaining accurate and representative dietary information. |
| 3574 | 3042306 | Hyperglycemia after intense exercise in IDDM subjects during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 3575 | 3042306 | In people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incapable of this insulin response, it was predicted that postexercise hyperglycemia would be of greater magnitude and/or duration. |
| 3576 | 3042306 | To investigate this possibility, the effects of the same intense exercise (80% VO2max) were studied in 8 IDDM subjects (2 on 2 occasions) in the postabsorptive state with continuous subcutaneous (abdominal) insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 3577 | 3042306 | Hyperglycemia after intense exercise in IDDM subjects during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 3578 | 3042306 | In people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incapable of this insulin response, it was predicted that postexercise hyperglycemia would be of greater magnitude and/or duration. |
| 3579 | 3042306 | To investigate this possibility, the effects of the same intense exercise (80% VO2max) were studied in 8 IDDM subjects (2 on 2 occasions) in the postabsorptive state with continuous subcutaneous (abdominal) insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 3580 | 3042306 | Hyperglycemia after intense exercise in IDDM subjects during continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. |
| 3581 | 3042306 | In people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incapable of this insulin response, it was predicted that postexercise hyperglycemia would be of greater magnitude and/or duration. |
| 3582 | 3042306 | To investigate this possibility, the effects of the same intense exercise (80% VO2max) were studied in 8 IDDM subjects (2 on 2 occasions) in the postabsorptive state with continuous subcutaneous (abdominal) insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 3583 | 3043911 | This will be exemplified in the case of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3584 | 3044884 | We have recently shown that a streptococcal preparation (OK-432) inhibits insulitis and prevents diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3585 | 3044894 | Infiltration of the pancreas by ED1+ macrophages is therefore a very early event in the prediabetic period and suggests a possible role for macrophages in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in this animal model. |
| 3586 | 3044895 | The disease in this animal model is similar to human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in both genetics and autoimmune pathogenesis. |
| 3587 | 3045144 | In five normal subjects and seven insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients endogenous insulin secretion was suppressed by means of a hypoglycemic glucose clamp procedure (approximately 2.8 mmol/L) sustained by a continuous insulin infusion (approximately 4 pmol/min.kg). |
| 3588 | 3045144 | The mean plasma insulin clearance rates were 15.5 +/- 1.9 (+/- SD) mL/min.kg (porcine) and 17.2 +/- 6.0 (human) in normal subjects and 20.7 +/- 8.8 (porcine) and 20.9 +/- 9.1 (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3589 | 3045144 | The rate of appearance of human insulin from sc tissue was faster than that of porcine insulin in both normal and IDDM subjects, but no significant differences were found in bioavailability, which was 55 +/- 12% (+/- SD; porcine) and 61 +/- 34% (human) in the normal subjects, and 84 +/- 28% (porcine) and 86 +/- 23% (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3590 | 3045144 | In five normal subjects and seven insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients endogenous insulin secretion was suppressed by means of a hypoglycemic glucose clamp procedure (approximately 2.8 mmol/L) sustained by a continuous insulin infusion (approximately 4 pmol/min.kg). |
| 3591 | 3045144 | The mean plasma insulin clearance rates were 15.5 +/- 1.9 (+/- SD) mL/min.kg (porcine) and 17.2 +/- 6.0 (human) in normal subjects and 20.7 +/- 8.8 (porcine) and 20.9 +/- 9.1 (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3592 | 3045144 | The rate of appearance of human insulin from sc tissue was faster than that of porcine insulin in both normal and IDDM subjects, but no significant differences were found in bioavailability, which was 55 +/- 12% (+/- SD; porcine) and 61 +/- 34% (human) in the normal subjects, and 84 +/- 28% (porcine) and 86 +/- 23% (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3593 | 3045144 | In five normal subjects and seven insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients endogenous insulin secretion was suppressed by means of a hypoglycemic glucose clamp procedure (approximately 2.8 mmol/L) sustained by a continuous insulin infusion (approximately 4 pmol/min.kg). |
| 3594 | 3045144 | The mean plasma insulin clearance rates were 15.5 +/- 1.9 (+/- SD) mL/min.kg (porcine) and 17.2 +/- 6.0 (human) in normal subjects and 20.7 +/- 8.8 (porcine) and 20.9 +/- 9.1 (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3595 | 3045144 | The rate of appearance of human insulin from sc tissue was faster than that of porcine insulin in both normal and IDDM subjects, but no significant differences were found in bioavailability, which was 55 +/- 12% (+/- SD; porcine) and 61 +/- 34% (human) in the normal subjects, and 84 +/- 28% (porcine) and 86 +/- 23% (human) in the IDDM patients. |
| 3596 | 3046059 | Using the modified sensitive method of measurement of urinary C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) excretion, we studied whether positive correlation between residual beta-cell function and metabolic consequence is present in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or not. |
| 3597 | 3046059 | All subjects were treated with intensive insulin therapy for 1-2 months, and 1) fasting blood glucose (FBS) for one week, 2) 24-hr urinary sugar excretion (US) for one week, 3) M-value for daily variation of blood glucose, and 4) hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) were measured before and after intensive insulin treatment. |
| 3598 | 3046964 | Descriptive and mechanistic considerations of interleukin 1 and insulin secretion. |
| 3599 | 3046964 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be mediated in part by an autoimmune mechanism, as suggested by associated cytologic and serologic phenomena, e.g., insulitis, beta-cell necrosis, and the presence of both islet cell and insulin antibodies. |
| 3600 | 3046964 | A recent hypothesis is that cytokines, including interleukin 1 (IL-1), play causative roles in such autoimmune processes. |
| 3601 | 3046964 | Several studies have convincingly demonstrated that IL-1 is a potent modulator of beta-cell function and can potentiate or inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion, depending on the concentration and length of exposure to IL-1. |
| 3602 | 3046964 | A mechanistic understanding of the effects of IL-1 on the beta-cell may clarify its role in modulating insulin release in vivo or yield insight into the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3603 | 3046964 | Descriptive and mechanistic considerations of interleukin 1 and insulin secretion. |
| 3604 | 3046964 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be mediated in part by an autoimmune mechanism, as suggested by associated cytologic and serologic phenomena, e.g., insulitis, beta-cell necrosis, and the presence of both islet cell and insulin antibodies. |
| 3605 | 3046964 | A recent hypothesis is that cytokines, including interleukin 1 (IL-1), play causative roles in such autoimmune processes. |
| 3606 | 3046964 | Several studies have convincingly demonstrated that IL-1 is a potent modulator of beta-cell function and can potentiate or inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion, depending on the concentration and length of exposure to IL-1. |
| 3607 | 3046964 | A mechanistic understanding of the effects of IL-1 on the beta-cell may clarify its role in modulating insulin release in vivo or yield insight into the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 3608 | 3046971 | We show that enhanced levels of MHC class I heavy-chain RNA are present in pancreatic islets before overt inflammation and the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the spontaneously diabetic BB rat. |
| 3609 | 3046971 | I-A alpha and I-E alpha hybridizing RNA appeared de novo before overt diabetes, although concomitantly with T-lymphocyte-receptor beta-chain and interferon-gamma gene hybridizing RNA and after MHC class I heavy-chain RNA enhancement was observed. |
| 3610 | 3047520 | Improved glycemic control lowers plasma apoprotein E and triglyceride levels following ingestion of a fat load in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. |
| 3611 | 3047520 | To assess the effect of glycemic control on triglyceride (TG) and apoprotein E (apo E) metabolism, plasma levels of TG and apo E were studied in nine nonobese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) following acute ingestion of polyunsaturated fat. |
| 3612 | 3047521 | Fifteen normotriglyceridemic subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, group I) and six hypertriglyceridemic subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, group II) were studied. |
| 3613 | 3048052 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-proliferative retinopathy and unsatisfactory blood glucose control were randomized to intensified conventional treatment (ICT, 48 patients) or regular treatment (RT, 54 patients) for a 5-year study. |
| 3614 | 3051881 | Intrapartum management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) gestants. |
| 3615 | 3051881 | Two groups of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) parturients were managed according to different intrapartum protocols and compared with a control group of normal women in labor. |
| 3616 | 3051881 | Intrapartum management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) gestants. |
| 3617 | 3051881 | Two groups of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) parturients were managed according to different intrapartum protocols and compared with a control group of normal women in labor. |
| 3618 | 3052327 | The mean duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was 22.6 years (range of 10-37 years). |
| 3619 | 3052943 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in which 80% of the females become diabetic after the age of 12 weeks. |
| 3620 | 3053305 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and BB rats, islet cell autoimmunities associated with autoantibodies to a beta-cell protein of 64,000 Mr (64K) have been described. |
| 3621 | 3054347 | Intra- and extracellular levels of magnesium and potassium were determined in 16 subjects with insulin-dependent type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 30 healthy controls. |
| 3622 | 3054347 | The requirements of insulin were reduced (p less than 0.001) during the course of the study, whereas the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose were not changed. |
| 3623 | 3057885 | From 11 studies, a total of 1,792 Caucasian probands with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are analyzed. |
| 3624 | 3057885 | Removal of DR3 and DR4 reveals an overall protective effect of DR2, predisposing effects of DR1 and DRw8, and a slight protective effect of DR5 and a predisposing effect of DRw6. |
| 3625 | 3057885 | The non-DR3, non-DR4 antigens are not independently associated with DR3 and DR4; the largest effect is a deficiency of DR2, followed by excesses of DR1, DRw8, and DRw6, in DR4 individuals, as compared with DR3 individuals. |
| 3626 | 3057885 | HLA-B locus distributions on patient haplotypes indicate that only subsets of both DR3 and DR4 are predisposing. |
| 3627 | 3057885 | At a minimum, the distinguishing features of the DR3-associated and DR4-associated predisposition remain to be identified at the molecular level. |
| 3628 | 3057885 | Risk estimates subdivided by the DR type of the proband are also calculated, the highest being 19.2% for sibs sharing two haplotypes with a DR3/DR4 proband. |
| 3629 | 3059339 | Classical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is relatively uncommon in Indian-Asians whether in India or in the UK and this may be related to immunogenetic factors. |
| 3630 | 3060327 | Among the latter, 79 (6.7%) were defined as true insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3631 | 3060327 | They provide evidence regarding the particular features of diabetes in France, i.e., low prevalence of IDDM, low consumption of insulin, high consumption of oral agents. |
| 3632 | 3060327 | Among the latter, 79 (6.7%) were defined as true insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3633 | 3060327 | They provide evidence regarding the particular features of diabetes in France, i.e., low prevalence of IDDM, low consumption of insulin, high consumption of oral agents. |
| 3634 | 3065196 | Tolbutamide significantly decreased fasting plasma gastrin after 5 min of intravenous infusion in patients with atrophic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy volunteers. |
| 3635 | 3065196 | Increased plasma insulin and decreased blood glucose were observed in patients with atrophic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and healthy volunteers, but not in patients with IDDM. |
| 3636 | 3065196 | Thus, our data suggest that tolbutamide inhibits gastrin release in man via mechanisms independent of changes in plasma insulin, blood glucose or acid secretion. |
| 3637 | 3065196 | Tolbutamide significantly decreased fasting plasma gastrin after 5 min of intravenous infusion in patients with atrophic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy volunteers. |
| 3638 | 3065196 | Increased plasma insulin and decreased blood glucose were observed in patients with atrophic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and healthy volunteers, but not in patients with IDDM. |
| 3639 | 3065196 | Thus, our data suggest that tolbutamide inhibits gastrin release in man via mechanisms independent of changes in plasma insulin, blood glucose or acid secretion. |
| 3640 | 3066604 | We have developed a diabetes quality-of-life (DQOL) measure oriented toward the patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3641 | 3069386 | I describe the natural history of untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the effects of various intervention modalities. |
| 3642 | 3069389 | A large subset of individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops clinical nephropathy that progresses to end-stage renal failure. |
| 3643 | 3069390 | The results of uncontrolled trials in immunomodulation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) led to randomized controlled trials in Canada and Europe. |
| 3644 | 3069388 | Animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) provide a uniquely valuable tool for understanding the pathogenesis of this disease. |
| 3645 | 3069387 | The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) nonrestricted and are MHC associated and beta-cell specific. |
| 3646 | 3069387 | The macrophage peptide hormone interleukin 1 (IL-1) may be the primary MHC-nonrestricted beta-cell-destructive molecule. |
| 3647 | 3069387 | The potentiation of IL-1 effects on beta-cells by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), another macrophage hormone controlled by a gene in the HLA region on chromosome 6, may account for the MHC association of IDDM. |
| 3648 | 3069387 | In the experimental model of IDDM etiopathogenesis described, release of beta-cell antigen, processed and presented by macrophages to helper T-lymphocytes, initiates a self-perpetuating and self-limiting circuit of cytokine production of which IL-1 is beta-cell cytotoxic. |
| 3649 | 3069387 | As postulated, the IL-1 effect is potentiated by TNF, whereas IL-1 and/or TNF production is controlled in a quantitative way by HLA-D genes. |
| 3650 | 3069387 | The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) nonrestricted and are MHC associated and beta-cell specific. |
| 3651 | 3069387 | The macrophage peptide hormone interleukin 1 (IL-1) may be the primary MHC-nonrestricted beta-cell-destructive molecule. |
| 3652 | 3069387 | The potentiation of IL-1 effects on beta-cells by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), another macrophage hormone controlled by a gene in the HLA region on chromosome 6, may account for the MHC association of IDDM. |
| 3653 | 3069387 | In the experimental model of IDDM etiopathogenesis described, release of beta-cell antigen, processed and presented by macrophages to helper T-lymphocytes, initiates a self-perpetuating and self-limiting circuit of cytokine production of which IL-1 is beta-cell cytotoxic. |
| 3654 | 3069387 | As postulated, the IL-1 effect is potentiated by TNF, whereas IL-1 and/or TNF production is controlled in a quantitative way by HLA-D genes. |
| 3655 | 3069387 | The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) nonrestricted and are MHC associated and beta-cell specific. |
| 3656 | 3069387 | The macrophage peptide hormone interleukin 1 (IL-1) may be the primary MHC-nonrestricted beta-cell-destructive molecule. |
| 3657 | 3069387 | The potentiation of IL-1 effects on beta-cells by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), another macrophage hormone controlled by a gene in the HLA region on chromosome 6, may account for the MHC association of IDDM. |
| 3658 | 3069387 | In the experimental model of IDDM etiopathogenesis described, release of beta-cell antigen, processed and presented by macrophages to helper T-lymphocytes, initiates a self-perpetuating and self-limiting circuit of cytokine production of which IL-1 is beta-cell cytotoxic. |
| 3659 | 3069387 | As postulated, the IL-1 effect is potentiated by TNF, whereas IL-1 and/or TNF production is controlled in a quantitative way by HLA-D genes. |
| 3660 | 3069409 | The probands, who had been diagnosed as diabetic or glucose-intolerant earlier, included 21 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 56 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), one with an unknown type of diabetes, and nine with glucose intolerance. |
| 3661 | 3069409 | The early-phase insulin response was low in two of six IDDM co-twins and four of six NIDDM co-twins. |
| 3662 | 3069409 | The probands, who had been diagnosed as diabetic or glucose-intolerant earlier, included 21 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 56 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), one with an unknown type of diabetes, and nine with glucose intolerance. |
| 3663 | 3069409 | The early-phase insulin response was low in two of six IDDM co-twins and four of six NIDDM co-twins. |
| 3664 | 3071066 | Twelve controls, sixteen non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and four insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic subjects were studied. |
| 3665 | 3071068 | In 15 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM), treated with human monocomponent insulin, the absorption of Actrapid HM mixed with Ultratard HM was evaluated. |
| 3666 | 3073072 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertension is generally not present at the time of diagnosis. |
| 3667 | 3073074 | The nephropathy complicating insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been well studied, but that complicating non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is less well defined. |
| 3668 | 3073074 | In patients with IDDM, the glomerular filtration rate is often increased early in the course of the disease, approaches normal with insulin therapy, but tends to remain slightly elevated throughout the ensuing 10-15 yr of insulin dependency. |
| 3669 | 3073074 | The nephropathy complicating insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been well studied, but that complicating non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is less well defined. |
| 3670 | 3073074 | In patients with IDDM, the glomerular filtration rate is often increased early in the course of the disease, approaches normal with insulin therapy, but tends to remain slightly elevated throughout the ensuing 10-15 yr of insulin dependency. |
| 3671 | 3073075 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), this subclinical form of proteinuria is associated with poor metabolic control and, more important, with marginal elevation of blood pressure. |
| 3672 | 3073075 | Correction of hyperglycemia by intensified insulin treatment might arrest progression to persistent clinical proteinuria; moreover, restricted protein intake and lowering of blood pressure have been shown to reduce the albumin excretion rate. |
| 3673 | 3073902 | Three children with detectable cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and/or positive insulin autoantibodies (CIAA) all developed IDDM, compared to 21% of ICA negative children and 13% who were CIAA negative. |
| 3674 | 3073902 | All four children (100%) whose first phase (1' + 3') insulin secretion never exceeded the first percentile developed IDDM within nine months, while no child with first phase insulin secretion above the first percentile (0/16) developed IDDM during 19 +/- 9 months (mean +/- SD) of follow-up. |
| 3675 | 3073902 | Thus, in our experience the oral glucose tolerance test is a less accurate predictor of impending IDDM; immunological abnormalities have the highest positive predictive value, while the first phase insulin secretion during an intravenous glucose tolerance test has the highest negative predictive value and the greatest overall accuracy of prediction. |
| 3676 | 3073902 | Three children with detectable cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and/or positive insulin autoantibodies (CIAA) all developed IDDM, compared to 21% of ICA negative children and 13% who were CIAA negative. |
| 3677 | 3073902 | All four children (100%) whose first phase (1' + 3') insulin secretion never exceeded the first percentile developed IDDM within nine months, while no child with first phase insulin secretion above the first percentile (0/16) developed IDDM during 19 +/- 9 months (mean +/- SD) of follow-up. |
| 3678 | 3073902 | Thus, in our experience the oral glucose tolerance test is a less accurate predictor of impending IDDM; immunological abnormalities have the highest positive predictive value, while the first phase insulin secretion during an intravenous glucose tolerance test has the highest negative predictive value and the greatest overall accuracy of prediction. |
| 3679 | 3073902 | Three children with detectable cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and/or positive insulin autoantibodies (CIAA) all developed IDDM, compared to 21% of ICA negative children and 13% who were CIAA negative. |
| 3680 | 3073902 | All four children (100%) whose first phase (1' + 3') insulin secretion never exceeded the first percentile developed IDDM within nine months, while no child with first phase insulin secretion above the first percentile (0/16) developed IDDM during 19 +/- 9 months (mean +/- SD) of follow-up. |
| 3681 | 3073902 | Thus, in our experience the oral glucose tolerance test is a less accurate predictor of impending IDDM; immunological abnormalities have the highest positive predictive value, while the first phase insulin secretion during an intravenous glucose tolerance test has the highest negative predictive value and the greatest overall accuracy of prediction. |
| 3682 | 3074295 | In the early stages of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and in animals the renal plasma flow (RPF) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) have often been found higher than normal. |
| 3683 | 3074922 | Recently, we demonstrated that spaghetti caused significantly lower glycaemic response than rice and potato in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and that this difference was also present when spaghetti and potato were taken as part of a mixed meal. |
| 3684 | 3081395 | An important unanswered question about clinical use of pancreas transplantation is: can pancreas transplants reverse or, at least, stabilize well-established lesions of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 3685 | 3083209 | Nephropathy is a serious complication of Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a poor prognosis after the onset of proteinuria. |
| 3686 | 3091434 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM) the plasma levels of this derivative also rise in response to insulin withdrawal and then fall in response to insulin replacement. |
| 3687 | 3096511 | 54 normal Caucasian families and 169 families in whom at least one child had type I diabetes (IDDM) were genotyped for HLA-A, B, C, DR and for the complement factors Bf and C4. |
| 3688 | 3096511 | On the contrary, a distortion of the maternal segregation of the silent alleles at the complement factor C4A and B locus was found: mothers transmitted C4AQ0 more often than expected to their male offspring (p less than 0.04 in normal families, p less than 0.001 in IDDM families) while they transmitted C4BQ0 in excess to their female offspring (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.03 in normal and IDDM families, respectively). |
| 3689 | 3096511 | 54 normal Caucasian families and 169 families in whom at least one child had type I diabetes (IDDM) were genotyped for HLA-A, B, C, DR and for the complement factors Bf and C4. |
| 3690 | 3096511 | On the contrary, a distortion of the maternal segregation of the silent alleles at the complement factor C4A and B locus was found: mothers transmitted C4AQ0 more often than expected to their male offspring (p less than 0.04 in normal families, p less than 0.001 in IDDM families) while they transmitted C4BQ0 in excess to their female offspring (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.03 in normal and IDDM families, respectively). |
| 3691 | 3100365 | Glycemic control and glucose metabolism were examined in 5 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients before and after 2 mo of therapy with glyburide (20 mg/day). |
| 3692 | 3100365 | Glycemic control was assessed by daily insulin requirement, 24-h plasma glucose profile, glucosuria, and glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 3693 | 3100365 | In the IDDM patients, the addition of glyburide produced no change in daily insulin dose (54 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 7 U/day), mean 24-h glucose level (177 +/- 20 vs. 174 +/- 29 mg/dl), glucosuria (20 +/- 6 vs. 35 +/- 12 g/day) or glycosylated hemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.7%). |
| 3694 | 3100365 | In contrast to the IDDM patients, the insulin-treated NIDDM subjects exhibited significant reductions in daily insulin requirement (72 +/- 6 vs. 58 +/- 9 U/day), mean 24-h plasma glucose concentration (153 +/- 10 vs. 131 +/- 5 mg/dl), glucosuria (14 +/- 5 vs. 4 +/- 1 g/day), and glycosylated hemoglobin (10.3 +/- 0.7 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.4%) after glyburide treatment (all P less than or equal to .05). |
| 3695 | 3100365 | Glycemic control and glucose metabolism were examined in 5 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients before and after 2 mo of therapy with glyburide (20 mg/day). |
| 3696 | 3100365 | Glycemic control was assessed by daily insulin requirement, 24-h plasma glucose profile, glucosuria, and glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 3697 | 3100365 | In the IDDM patients, the addition of glyburide produced no change in daily insulin dose (54 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 7 U/day), mean 24-h glucose level (177 +/- 20 vs. 174 +/- 29 mg/dl), glucosuria (20 +/- 6 vs. 35 +/- 12 g/day) or glycosylated hemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.7%). |
| 3698 | 3100365 | In contrast to the IDDM patients, the insulin-treated NIDDM subjects exhibited significant reductions in daily insulin requirement (72 +/- 6 vs. 58 +/- 9 U/day), mean 24-h plasma glucose concentration (153 +/- 10 vs. 131 +/- 5 mg/dl), glucosuria (14 +/- 5 vs. 4 +/- 1 g/day), and glycosylated hemoglobin (10.3 +/- 0.7 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.4%) after glyburide treatment (all P less than or equal to .05). |
| 3699 | 3100365 | Glycemic control and glucose metabolism were examined in 5 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients before and after 2 mo of therapy with glyburide (20 mg/day). |
| 3700 | 3100365 | Glycemic control was assessed by daily insulin requirement, 24-h plasma glucose profile, glucosuria, and glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 3701 | 3100365 | In the IDDM patients, the addition of glyburide produced no change in daily insulin dose (54 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 7 U/day), mean 24-h glucose level (177 +/- 20 vs. 174 +/- 29 mg/dl), glucosuria (20 +/- 6 vs. 35 +/- 12 g/day) or glycosylated hemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.7%). |
| 3702 | 3100365 | In contrast to the IDDM patients, the insulin-treated NIDDM subjects exhibited significant reductions in daily insulin requirement (72 +/- 6 vs. 58 +/- 9 U/day), mean 24-h plasma glucose concentration (153 +/- 10 vs. 131 +/- 5 mg/dl), glucosuria (14 +/- 5 vs. 4 +/- 1 g/day), and glycosylated hemoglobin (10.3 +/- 0.7 vs. 8.0 +/- 0.4%) after glyburide treatment (all P less than or equal to .05). |
| 3703 | 3108134 | The effect of domperidone, a specific blocker of dopamine receptors, on serum TSH and PRL levels was evaluated in 16 euthyroid men affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of different duration and in 7 age-matched normal controls. |
| 3704 | 3110074 | Previous studies have shown several immunoregulatory abnormalities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3705 | 3110074 | In this report we compared peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with IDDM complicated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to those from normal subjects and from patients with ESRD of different etiologies for their: natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activities; modulation of NK and ADCC activities by biological response modifiers (BRM) including purified human lymphoblastoid interferon, human recombinant alpha-2 interferon, human gamma interferon and human recombinant interleukin 2; proliferative response of T and B lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, and ability to produce T-cell growth factor (interleukin 2; IL-2). |
| 3706 | 3110074 | The proliferative responses to Con A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen as well as IL-2 production in response to Con A stimulation were significantly lower in the IDDM group. |
| 3707 | 3110074 | Our results indicated that NK cells from patients with IDDM can respond to IL-2 with enhanced cytotoxicity, and, because activation of resting T cells by mitogenic stimuli depends on the production of IL-2 as well as the appearance of a receptor for IL-2, our finding of low levels of in vitro IL-2 production by PBMC from patients with IDDM may explain the depressed NK activity and the observed poor response to T-cell mitogens. |
| 3708 | 3110074 | Previous studies have shown several immunoregulatory abnormalities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3709 | 3110074 | In this report we compared peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with IDDM complicated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to those from normal subjects and from patients with ESRD of different etiologies for their: natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activities; modulation of NK and ADCC activities by biological response modifiers (BRM) including purified human lymphoblastoid interferon, human recombinant alpha-2 interferon, human gamma interferon and human recombinant interleukin 2; proliferative response of T and B lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, and ability to produce T-cell growth factor (interleukin 2; IL-2). |
| 3710 | 3110074 | The proliferative responses to Con A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen as well as IL-2 production in response to Con A stimulation were significantly lower in the IDDM group. |
| 3711 | 3110074 | Our results indicated that NK cells from patients with IDDM can respond to IL-2 with enhanced cytotoxicity, and, because activation of resting T cells by mitogenic stimuli depends on the production of IL-2 as well as the appearance of a receptor for IL-2, our finding of low levels of in vitro IL-2 production by PBMC from patients with IDDM may explain the depressed NK activity and the observed poor response to T-cell mitogens. |
| 3712 | 3110074 | Previous studies have shown several immunoregulatory abnormalities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3713 | 3110074 | In this report we compared peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with IDDM complicated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to those from normal subjects and from patients with ESRD of different etiologies for their: natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activities; modulation of NK and ADCC activities by biological response modifiers (BRM) including purified human lymphoblastoid interferon, human recombinant alpha-2 interferon, human gamma interferon and human recombinant interleukin 2; proliferative response of T and B lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, and ability to produce T-cell growth factor (interleukin 2; IL-2). |
| 3714 | 3110074 | The proliferative responses to Con A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen as well as IL-2 production in response to Con A stimulation were significantly lower in the IDDM group. |
| 3715 | 3110074 | Our results indicated that NK cells from patients with IDDM can respond to IL-2 with enhanced cytotoxicity, and, because activation of resting T cells by mitogenic stimuli depends on the production of IL-2 as well as the appearance of a receptor for IL-2, our finding of low levels of in vitro IL-2 production by PBMC from patients with IDDM may explain the depressed NK activity and the observed poor response to T-cell mitogens. |
| 3716 | 3110074 | Previous studies have shown several immunoregulatory abnormalities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3717 | 3110074 | In this report we compared peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with IDDM complicated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD) to those from normal subjects and from patients with ESRD of different etiologies for their: natural killer (NK) and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activities; modulation of NK and ADCC activities by biological response modifiers (BRM) including purified human lymphoblastoid interferon, human recombinant alpha-2 interferon, human gamma interferon and human recombinant interleukin 2; proliferative response of T and B lymphocytes to concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, and ability to produce T-cell growth factor (interleukin 2; IL-2). |
| 3718 | 3110074 | The proliferative responses to Con A, phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen as well as IL-2 production in response to Con A stimulation were significantly lower in the IDDM group. |
| 3719 | 3110074 | Our results indicated that NK cells from patients with IDDM can respond to IL-2 with enhanced cytotoxicity, and, because activation of resting T cells by mitogenic stimuli depends on the production of IL-2 as well as the appearance of a receptor for IL-2, our finding of low levels of in vitro IL-2 production by PBMC from patients with IDDM may explain the depressed NK activity and the observed poor response to T-cell mitogens. |
| 3720 | 3113904 | Sixty-six patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) initiated insulin pump treatment under routine conditions. |
| 3721 | 3113904 | We conclude that insulin pump treatment is well accepted as long-term treatment in selected IDDM patients. |
| 3722 | 3113904 | Sixty-six patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) initiated insulin pump treatment under routine conditions. |
| 3723 | 3113904 | We conclude that insulin pump treatment is well accepted as long-term treatment in selected IDDM patients. |
| 3724 | 3115018 | The diabetics were divided into 4 groups according to the type of their disease and to the metabolic condition within the IDDM group (insulin-dependent: IDDM, in acceptable response and in poor metabolic control; non-insulin-dependent: NIDDM, and juvenile diabetics not requiring insulin at least for two years after diagnosing their disease: NIDDY). |
| 3725 | 3115018 | A paradoxical hGH response to TRH stimulation was found only in IDDM patients in poor metabolic control. |
| 3726 | 3115018 | The diabetics were divided into 4 groups according to the type of their disease and to the metabolic condition within the IDDM group (insulin-dependent: IDDM, in acceptable response and in poor metabolic control; non-insulin-dependent: NIDDM, and juvenile diabetics not requiring insulin at least for two years after diagnosing their disease: NIDDY). |
| 3727 | 3115018 | A paradoxical hGH response to TRH stimulation was found only in IDDM patients in poor metabolic control. |
| 3728 | 3117473 | Immune complex solubilizing capacity (ICSC) of sera obtained from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was assayed by the spectrophotometric method. |
| 3729 | 3118853 | [Immunological studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 2. |
| 3730 | 3118853 | Expression of interleukin-2 receptor by stimulation and interleukin-2 responsiveness]. |
| 3731 | 3121417 | On the basis of a monomeric insulin standard, approximately 28% of total circulating immunoreactive insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a covalent aggregate of insulin. |
| 3732 | 3125028 | Three hundred and fourteen patients (57.7%) were classified as having non-insulin-dependent diabetes of the young (NIDDY), 119 (22%) as insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 28 (5%) as malnutrition-related diabetes (MRDM); 4% fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes and 1% protein-deficient pancreatic diabetes. |
| 3733 | 3125628 | Thirty-one Ethiopian insulin-dependent (or type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and thirty-three healthy controls from the same ethnic background were typed for HLA-A, B, C, DR and DQ specificities. |
| 3734 | 3125628 | The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations. |
| 3735 | 3125628 | Although this latter difference does not retain statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons made, these findings may support previous results suggesting the existence of IDDM susceptibility genes associated with DR3 and DR4 and of IDDM resistance genes associated with DQ antigens. |
| 3736 | 3125628 | Thirty-one Ethiopian insulin-dependent (or type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and thirty-three healthy controls from the same ethnic background were typed for HLA-A, B, C, DR and DQ specificities. |
| 3737 | 3125628 | The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations. |
| 3738 | 3125628 | Although this latter difference does not retain statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons made, these findings may support previous results suggesting the existence of IDDM susceptibility genes associated with DR3 and DR4 and of IDDM resistance genes associated with DQ antigens. |
| 3739 | 3125628 | Thirty-one Ethiopian insulin-dependent (or type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and thirty-three healthy controls from the same ethnic background were typed for HLA-A, B, C, DR and DQ specificities. |
| 3740 | 3125628 | The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations. |
| 3741 | 3125628 | Although this latter difference does not retain statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons made, these findings may support previous results suggesting the existence of IDDM susceptibility genes associated with DR3 and DR4 and of IDDM resistance genes associated with DQ antigens. |
| 3742 | 3131022 | BB rats are prone to develop an autoimmune form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and thyroiditis. |
| 3743 | 3133259 | BB rats exhibit a syndrome of spontaneous diabetes that has clinical and pathological characteristics analogous to those found in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3744 | 3136960 | Interleukin-2 production and interleukin-2 receptor expression in children with newly diagnosed diabetes. |
| 3745 | 3136960 | In the present study, we investigated the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and the proliferative responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of 23 children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3746 | 3136960 | In addition, the presence of circulating activated T lymphocytes expressing the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2 R) and HLA-DR antigens was evaluated. |
| 3747 | 3136960 | Decreased IL-2 production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated PBMNC of IDDM patients was observed when compared to normal donors. |
| 3748 | 3136960 | These results confirm the presence in IDDM patients of an imbalanced cellular immune response and demonstrate that the IL-2 deficiency is already present at the diagnosis and is not correlated with insulin administration. |
| 3749 | 3136960 | Interleukin-2 production and interleukin-2 receptor expression in children with newly diagnosed diabetes. |
| 3750 | 3136960 | In the present study, we investigated the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and the proliferative responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of 23 children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3751 | 3136960 | In addition, the presence of circulating activated T lymphocytes expressing the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2 R) and HLA-DR antigens was evaluated. |
| 3752 | 3136960 | Decreased IL-2 production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated PBMNC of IDDM patients was observed when compared to normal donors. |
| 3753 | 3136960 | These results confirm the presence in IDDM patients of an imbalanced cellular immune response and demonstrate that the IL-2 deficiency is already present at the diagnosis and is not correlated with insulin administration. |
| 3754 | 3136960 | Interleukin-2 production and interleukin-2 receptor expression in children with newly diagnosed diabetes. |
| 3755 | 3136960 | In the present study, we investigated the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production and the proliferative responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) of 23 children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3756 | 3136960 | In addition, the presence of circulating activated T lymphocytes expressing the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2 R) and HLA-DR antigens was evaluated. |
| 3757 | 3136960 | Decreased IL-2 production by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activated PBMNC of IDDM patients was observed when compared to normal donors. |
| 3758 | 3136960 | These results confirm the presence in IDDM patients of an imbalanced cellular immune response and demonstrate that the IL-2 deficiency is already present at the diagnosis and is not correlated with insulin administration. |
| 3759 | 3138125 | There is ample evidence that cell-mediated immune mechanisms are crucial in the initiation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3760 | 3138125 | Interleukin 1 (IL 1) activity was measured by the thymocyte co-stimulator assay, and interleukin 2 (IL 2) using IL 2 dependent cell lines. |
| 3761 | 3138125 | Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte IL 2 production at onset of IDDM was normal under basal conditions, and upon optimal stimulation with concanavalin A (ConA) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). |
| 3762 | 3138125 | We conclude that monocytes and T-lymphocytes from patients with diabetes mellitus have a diminished capacity to release IL 1 and IL 2 only later in the course of the disease. |
| 3763 | 3138125 | At the time of manifestation of disease, IL 1 and IL 2 production is normal in type-I diabetes mellitus. |
| 3764 | 3138125 | There is ample evidence that cell-mediated immune mechanisms are crucial in the initiation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3765 | 3138125 | Interleukin 1 (IL 1) activity was measured by the thymocyte co-stimulator assay, and interleukin 2 (IL 2) using IL 2 dependent cell lines. |
| 3766 | 3138125 | Peripheral blood T-lymphocyte IL 2 production at onset of IDDM was normal under basal conditions, and upon optimal stimulation with concanavalin A (ConA) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). |
| 3767 | 3138125 | We conclude that monocytes and T-lymphocytes from patients with diabetes mellitus have a diminished capacity to release IL 1 and IL 2 only later in the course of the disease. |
| 3768 | 3138125 | At the time of manifestation of disease, IL 1 and IL 2 production is normal in type-I diabetes mellitus. |
| 3769 | 3139426 | Intraplatelet serotonin (5-HT) content was determined in 23 patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 23 patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 29 patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and 34 age-matched normal subjects. |
| 3770 | 3139426 | The median intraplatelet 5-HT content was significantly lower (P less than 0.002) in IDDM patients: 3.0 (range 1.3-6.3), NIDDM patients: 2.5 (range 1.7-5.8), PVD patients: 2.42 (range 0.94-4.98) nmol 10(-9) platelets than that in all young + elderly healthy subjects. |
| 3771 | 3139426 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients had greater plasma 5-HT concentrations but this did not achieve statistical significance despite a 66% increment in its value. |
| 3772 | 3139426 | Intraplatelet serotonin (5-HT) content was determined in 23 patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 23 patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 29 patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and 34 age-matched normal subjects. |
| 3773 | 3139426 | The median intraplatelet 5-HT content was significantly lower (P less than 0.002) in IDDM patients: 3.0 (range 1.3-6.3), NIDDM patients: 2.5 (range 1.7-5.8), PVD patients: 2.42 (range 0.94-4.98) nmol 10(-9) platelets than that in all young + elderly healthy subjects. |
| 3774 | 3139426 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients had greater plasma 5-HT concentrations but this did not achieve statistical significance despite a 66% increment in its value. |
| 3775 | 3139557 | In the genetically homogeneous Danish population, 27 HLA-DR3,4 heterozygous patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 19 DR3,4 heterozygous controls without family history of IDDM were investigated for HLA-region markers and Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes. |
| 3776 | 3139557 | Previously reported family studies suggest that these alleles are part of the following haplotype: B15, BFS, C4A3, C4B3, DR4, Dw4, DQw8, and these factors were found together in ten of the patients versus one of the controls (P = 0.01). |
| 3777 | 3139557 | In addition to the susceptibility factor DQw8, the study suggests the existence of susceptibility genes for IDDM near the complement C4 genes on DR4-carrying haplotypes. |
| 3778 | 3139557 | In the genetically homogeneous Danish population, 27 HLA-DR3,4 heterozygous patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 19 DR3,4 heterozygous controls without family history of IDDM were investigated for HLA-region markers and Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes. |
| 3779 | 3139557 | Previously reported family studies suggest that these alleles are part of the following haplotype: B15, BFS, C4A3, C4B3, DR4, Dw4, DQw8, and these factors were found together in ten of the patients versus one of the controls (P = 0.01). |
| 3780 | 3139557 | In addition to the susceptibility factor DQw8, the study suggests the existence of susceptibility genes for IDDM near the complement C4 genes on DR4-carrying haplotypes. |
| 3781 | 3141236 | The effect of low-dose insulin treatment (5-10 U/h) on hepatic glucose production (HGP) and peripheral glucose disposal was determined in 5 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects who were admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA; plasma glucose 598 +/- 50 mg/dl, blood pH 7.20 +/- 0.06, plasma bicarbonate 12 +/- 2 meq/L). |
| 3782 | 3141483 | This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of inflammatory periodontal disease to the diabetic status of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patient. 52 IDDM patients, ages 11-22 years, were evaluated. |
| 3783 | 3148441 | A model for the possible pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is presented. |
| 3784 | 3157595 | The experimental animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes), which was for the first time described by Like and Rossini (1976) for Charles River CD-1 mice and produced by the application of multiple subdiabetogenic streptozotocin (SZ) doses, has been reproduced in the mouse strain C57 Bl/KsJ which has been bred over several generations at the Central Institute for Diabetes Karlsburg (since 1975). |
| 3785 | 3163697 | Compared with the normal subjects, HLA-A28 was more frequent in the patients with hypoparathyroidism (31%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), adrenocortical failure (27%; P less than 0.01), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; 66%; P less than 0.01), keratopathy (53%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), and alopecia (40%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), but not in the patients with ovarian failure (9%; P = NS). |
| 3786 | 3163697 | No association was found with any single DR antigen, but of 4 DR-typed IDDM patients, 3 were DR3 or DR4 positive (P = NS). |
| 3787 | 3163697 | Compared with the normal subjects, HLA-A28 was more frequent in the patients with hypoparathyroidism (31%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), adrenocortical failure (27%; P less than 0.01), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; 66%; P less than 0.01), keratopathy (53%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), and alopecia (40%; P less than 0.001, corrected P less than 0.04), but not in the patients with ovarian failure (9%; P = NS). |
| 3788 | 3163697 | No association was found with any single DR antigen, but of 4 DR-typed IDDM patients, 3 were DR3 or DR4 positive (P = NS). |
| 3789 | 3168288 | Plasma concentrations of fructosamine, an indicator of glycated plasma proteins, were measured in non-diabetic children and children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to see if they also correlate with glycemic control in children as well as in adults. |
| 3790 | 3169210 | Impaired carbon monoxide gas transfer has been demonstrated in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but no relationship has been documented between impairment of gas transfer and the presence of other clinical evidence of diabetic microangiopathy. |
| 3791 | 3186714 | One hundred seventy-two members from 27 randomly selected multiple case Caucasian families of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied at the DNA level to ascertain the reliability of codon 57 of the HLA-DQ beta-chain gene as a disease protection/susceptibility marker. |
| 3792 | 3187990 | HLA A,B,C and DR association with insulin-dependent diabetes in Martinique. |
| 3793 | 3187990 | HLA-A,B,C, and DR frequencies have been determined in 34 Coloured Martinican IDDM patients to establish the HLA and IDDM associations. |
| 3794 | 3187990 | HLA A3, B15, B18, Cw3 and DR4 antigens associations with IDDM are confirmed by this study. |
| 3795 | 3187990 | HLA A,B,C and DR association with insulin-dependent diabetes in Martinique. |
| 3796 | 3187990 | HLA-A,B,C, and DR frequencies have been determined in 34 Coloured Martinican IDDM patients to establish the HLA and IDDM associations. |
| 3797 | 3187990 | HLA A3, B15, B18, Cw3 and DR4 antigens associations with IDDM are confirmed by this study. |
| 3798 | 3192037 | The hypothesis that breast-feeding can provide protection against the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and would, therefore, be less common among subjects with IDDM was tested with a retrospective design. |
| 3799 | 3192039 | In this study, we observed that LDL isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) enhanced thrombin-induced platelet aggregation to a greater extent than LDL isolated from matched controls (P less than .01). |
| 3800 | 3192039 | LDL glycosylated in vitro enhanced thrombin-, collagen-, and adenosine 5'-diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation to a greater extent than control LDL (P less than .01). |
| 3801 | 3197278 | Excretion of digoxin-like immunoreactivity (DLIS) was measured by RIA in timed overnight urine collections from 91 normotensive nondiabetic subjects and 104 normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 3802 | 3201101 | Low-dose dopamine infusion, renal haemodynamics and urinary albumin excretion rate in insulin-dependent diabetics and in normal man. |
| 3803 | 3201101 | The effect of experimental renal vasodilatation by means of low-dose (2.0 micrograms/kg/min) intravenous dopamine infusion was investigated in 28 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with normal basal urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE) (less than 15 micrograms/min), 9 IDDM patients with UAE between 15-200 micrograms/min (microalbuminuria), and 7 normal subjects. |
| 3804 | 3201101 | Urinary albumin excretion rate (radioimmunoassay) increased from 5.3 x/divide 1.5 (tolerance factor) to 6.5 x/divide 1.8 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and from 6.1 x/divide 2.1 to 7.8 x/divide 2.3 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normal subjects, while no significant change was seen in the microalbuminuric group of diabetics. |
| 3805 | 3201101 | Low-dose dopamine infusion, renal haemodynamics and urinary albumin excretion rate in insulin-dependent diabetics and in normal man. |
| 3806 | 3201101 | The effect of experimental renal vasodilatation by means of low-dose (2.0 micrograms/kg/min) intravenous dopamine infusion was investigated in 28 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with normal basal urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE) (less than 15 micrograms/min), 9 IDDM patients with UAE between 15-200 micrograms/min (microalbuminuria), and 7 normal subjects. |
| 3807 | 3201101 | Urinary albumin excretion rate (radioimmunoassay) increased from 5.3 x/divide 1.5 (tolerance factor) to 6.5 x/divide 1.8 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and from 6.1 x/divide 2.1 to 7.8 x/divide 2.3 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normal subjects, while no significant change was seen in the microalbuminuric group of diabetics. |
| 3808 | 3203574 | To estimate the frequency of an early-morning glucose rise (EMR) in relatively unselected children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we assessed capillary blood glucose (CBG) at midsleep (0200-0430) and prebreakfast (0700-0800) in 97 children with diabetes at camp. |
| 3809 | 3203574 | The EMR (prebreakfast CBG-midsleep CGB) was inversely related to the midsleep CBG level (r = -.45, P less than .001). |
| 3810 | 3214481 | Coronary heart disease in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) is associated with lipid and lipoprotein changes favouring atherosclerosis. |
| 3811 | 3214481 | Patients with IDDM had an increased level of HDL and HDL2-cholesterol and patients with NIDDM a decreased level of HDL and HDL2-cholesterol and an increased level of total, LDL and VLDL triglycerides than did non-diabetic subjects. |
| 3812 | 3214481 | Coronary heart disease in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) is associated with lipid and lipoprotein changes favouring atherosclerosis. |
| 3813 | 3214481 | Patients with IDDM had an increased level of HDL and HDL2-cholesterol and patients with NIDDM a decreased level of HDL and HDL2-cholesterol and an increased level of total, LDL and VLDL triglycerides than did non-diabetic subjects. |
| 3814 | 3219990 | Ten had malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM), eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and nine non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3815 | 3223190 | Metabolic control affects plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels in women, but not in men, with IDDM. |
| 3816 | 3223190 | In order to evaluate if in insulin-dependent diabetes lipid and apolipoprotein levels are differently affected by metabolic control in men and women, we measured the concentrations of fasting plasma glucose, mean plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A and B in 94 sex matched patients. |
| 3817 | 3223190 | In women, total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein A correlated positively with HbA1 but not with fasting and mean plasma glucose. |
| 3818 | 3223740 | A study of non-infective skin associations of diabetes mellitus was conducted on 100 consecutive outpatient diabetics over a 3-month period. 10 were insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), 24 insulin-requiring and 66 non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM). |
| 3819 | 3224540 | A case-control study examining the 1-yr motor vehicle accident experiences of 158 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) cases and 158 nondiabetic siblings was undertaken to evaluate the risk of motor vehicle accidents among drivers with IDDM. |
| 3820 | 3224542 | Controversy exists regarding the pathophysiology of CMs in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) pregnancies. |
| 3821 | 3228401 | This study describes 10 pregnancies in MODY women, who are compared to a group of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a group with gestational diabetes, and a control group of normal, healthy pregnant women. |
| 3822 | 3228401 | Mean duration of diabetes was shorter and mean daily insulin requirement (during pregnancy) was lower among MODY patients in comparison to IDDM gestants. |
| 3823 | 3228401 | This study describes 10 pregnancies in MODY women, who are compared to a group of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a group with gestational diabetes, and a control group of normal, healthy pregnant women. |
| 3824 | 3228401 | Mean duration of diabetes was shorter and mean daily insulin requirement (during pregnancy) was lower among MODY patients in comparison to IDDM gestants. |
| 3825 | 3228550 | Blood glucose discrimination training in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3826 | 3228550 | Self-management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is dependent on a negative feedback loop of blood glucose (BG) fluctuations, which in turn directs treatment decisions to maintain normal BG. |
| 3827 | 3228550 | Blood glucose discrimination training in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 3828 | 3228550 | Self-management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is dependent on a negative feedback loop of blood glucose (BG) fluctuations, which in turn directs treatment decisions to maintain normal BG. |
| 3829 | 3233250 | This method has been used to test for seasonal patterns in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Colorado among persons aged 0-17 years. |
| 3830 | 3238312 | In order to define genetic, immunological and metabolic risk factors and markers associated with diabetic neuropathy (DN) 47 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with neuropathy were compared to 30 age-matched insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without neuropathy. |
| 3831 | 3238312 | The frequency of HLA-antigens DR3, DR4, DR3/DR4, B8, and B15 were increased and those of DR2 and B7 decreased in the diabetic patients. |
| 3832 | 3238312 | However, patients who were HLA-DR3/DR4 heterozygotes and had diabetic neuropathy responded to insulin antigens more often by proliferation than DR3/DR4 positive patients without diabetic neuropathy. |
| 3833 | 3238312 | Patients with DR3/DR4 heterozygocity and failing to respond to insulin antigens by proliferation seem to be less prone to develop diabetic neuropathy. |
| 3834 | 3246198 | Eighteen women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 nondiabetic women participated in a study of the relationship of zincuria to measures of glycemic control, renal function, and tissue catabolism. |
| 3835 | 3246198 | In the IDDM women, mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin was 9.8 +/- 0.5%, and fasting plasma glucose was 189 +/- 19 mg/dl; duration of diabetes averaged 15 yr. |
| 3836 | 3246198 | The increased urinary zinc loss in the IDDM women was not related to urine volume, urinary glucose excretion, fasting plasma glucose concentration, percent glycosylated hemoglobin, or an increased glomerular filtration rate. |
| 3837 | 3246198 | Eighteen women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 nondiabetic women participated in a study of the relationship of zincuria to measures of glycemic control, renal function, and tissue catabolism. |
| 3838 | 3246198 | In the IDDM women, mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin was 9.8 +/- 0.5%, and fasting plasma glucose was 189 +/- 19 mg/dl; duration of diabetes averaged 15 yr. |
| 3839 | 3246198 | The increased urinary zinc loss in the IDDM women was not related to urine volume, urinary glucose excretion, fasting plasma glucose concentration, percent glycosylated hemoglobin, or an increased glomerular filtration rate. |
| 3840 | 3246198 | Eighteen women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 nondiabetic women participated in a study of the relationship of zincuria to measures of glycemic control, renal function, and tissue catabolism. |
| 3841 | 3246198 | In the IDDM women, mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin was 9.8 +/- 0.5%, and fasting plasma glucose was 189 +/- 19 mg/dl; duration of diabetes averaged 15 yr. |
| 3842 | 3246198 | The increased urinary zinc loss in the IDDM women was not related to urine volume, urinary glucose excretion, fasting plasma glucose concentration, percent glycosylated hemoglobin, or an increased glomerular filtration rate. |
| 3843 | 3246197 | Nine insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients (aged 25-37 yr) with no symptoms of autonomic neuropathy and 15 healthy control subjects (aged 26-39 yr) were studied at rest and during tests of Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, cold pressor, and postural change from sitting to standing. |
| 3844 | 3254102 | We have investigated the long-term performance of the fructosamine assay based on secondary glycated protein standards and attempted to define the interpretation of varying degrees of increase in fructosamine concentration in comparison to haemoglobin A1 (HbA1) values both in insulin dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 3845 | 3258834 | The reasons for the presence of activated T-lymphocytes (ATL) in some long-standing insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients are unknown. |
| 3846 | 3260586 | In most populations studied, HLA-DR4, a DRB1 (formerly DR beta I) allele, is increased in frequency among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3847 | 3260586 | Thus the DRB1 locus probably cannot account for the DR4 association in IDDM. |
| 3848 | 3260586 | In most populations studied, HLA-DR4, a DRB1 (formerly DR beta I) allele, is increased in frequency among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3849 | 3260586 | Thus the DRB1 locus probably cannot account for the DR4 association in IDDM. |
| 3850 | 3264044 | A hypothesis about the evolution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility alleles is proposed. |
| 3851 | 3264044 | IDDM is known to be associated with two HLA-DR alleles, DR3 and DR4. |
| 3852 | 3264044 | However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM. |
| 3853 | 3264044 | The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks. |
| 3854 | 3264044 | A hypothesis about the evolution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility alleles is proposed. |
| 3855 | 3264044 | IDDM is known to be associated with two HLA-DR alleles, DR3 and DR4. |
| 3856 | 3264044 | However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM. |
| 3857 | 3264044 | The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks. |
| 3858 | 3264044 | A hypothesis about the evolution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility alleles is proposed. |
| 3859 | 3264044 | IDDM is known to be associated with two HLA-DR alleles, DR3 and DR4. |
| 3860 | 3264044 | However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM. |
| 3861 | 3264044 | The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks. |
| 3862 | 3264044 | A hypothesis about the evolution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility alleles is proposed. |
| 3863 | 3264044 | IDDM is known to be associated with two HLA-DR alleles, DR3 and DR4. |
| 3864 | 3264044 | However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM. |
| 3865 | 3264044 | The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks. |
| 3866 | 3264106 | Equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography was performed on 19 men and 17 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and on 24 men and 15 women with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and on 24 male and 24 female control subjects aged 46 to 67 years. |
| 3867 | 3264948 | An autoimmune pathogenesis has been indicated in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3868 | 3266138 | To characterize insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in terms of the complement system, some components of the system as well as the related substances and indices were studied. |
| 3869 | 3266138 | CH50, C3, C4 and C3bINA significantly increased in both IDDM and NIDDM compared with non-diabetic healthy controls. |
| 3870 | 3266138 | To characterize insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in terms of the complement system, some components of the system as well as the related substances and indices were studied. |
| 3871 | 3266138 | CH50, C3, C4 and C3bINA significantly increased in both IDDM and NIDDM compared with non-diabetic healthy controls. |
| 3872 | 3266208 | Fifteen DR4-bearing haplotypes from twelve patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed serologically, cellularly, and biochemically. |
| 3873 | 3271315 | Studies on the HLA association to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3874 | 3272682 | High incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children in Finland. |
| 3875 | 3275554 | Evidence of IgG autoantibodies against human proinsulin in patients with IDDM before insulin treatment. |
| 3876 | 3275554 | IgG proinsulin autoantibodies (IgG-PAAs) have been found in a fraction of sera from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before onset of insulin treatment. |
| 3877 | 3275554 | Precursors of insulin thus are involved in the immune process of IDDM. |
| 3878 | 3275554 | Evidence of IgG autoantibodies against human proinsulin in patients with IDDM before insulin treatment. |
| 3879 | 3275554 | IgG proinsulin autoantibodies (IgG-PAAs) have been found in a fraction of sera from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before onset of insulin treatment. |
| 3880 | 3275554 | Precursors of insulin thus are involved in the immune process of IDDM. |
| 3881 | 3275554 | Evidence of IgG autoantibodies against human proinsulin in patients with IDDM before insulin treatment. |
| 3882 | 3275554 | IgG proinsulin autoantibodies (IgG-PAAs) have been found in a fraction of sera from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before onset of insulin treatment. |
| 3883 | 3275554 | Precursors of insulin thus are involved in the immune process of IDDM. |
| 3884 | 3276476 | Effects of accidental intramuscular injection on insulin absorption in IDDM. |
| 3885 | 3276475 | Previous reports have noted the presence of anti-adrenomedullary antibodies in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3886 | 3277405 | The mean age of the patient population was 32.1 years (range 24 to 39) with a mean duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of 20.9 years. |
| 3887 | 3277828 | Islet cell (ICA) and islet cell surface (ICSA) antibodies were measured in 30 children (aged 6-17.7 years) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to determine the relationship of antibody positivity/negativity to a variety of factors both at presentation (e.g., age, severity of onset, residual insulin secretion, insulin autoantibodies) and during the first year thereafter (HbA1c, insulin antibody binding, residual insulin secretion). |
| 3888 | 3279099 | To document the incidence and management of breast feeding among women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 30 IDDM mothers and 30 controls were followed from birth of their infants to 6 weeks postpartum. |
| 3889 | 3280181 | Sera from 80 subjects with IDDM and NIDDM, together with sera from 20 patients with miscellaneous autoimmune conditions and 20 healthy adult subjects were tested for insulin receptor antibodies by (1) inhibition of 125I-insulin binding to EBV-transformed lymphoid cells, and by (2) immunoprecipitation of solubilized insulin receptors in the presence of an excess of mono-specific anti-human IgG or IgM; this test allowed the assessment of the class of antibody activity. |
| 3890 | 3280181 | Anti-insulin receptor antibodies were found in 13 of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 47 with NIDDM. |
| 3891 | 3280181 | Insulin antibodies were found in seven of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 12 with NIDDM, all of whom were on insulin treatment. |
| 3892 | 3280181 | Sera from 80 subjects with IDDM and NIDDM, together with sera from 20 patients with miscellaneous autoimmune conditions and 20 healthy adult subjects were tested for insulin receptor antibodies by (1) inhibition of 125I-insulin binding to EBV-transformed lymphoid cells, and by (2) immunoprecipitation of solubilized insulin receptors in the presence of an excess of mono-specific anti-human IgG or IgM; this test allowed the assessment of the class of antibody activity. |
| 3893 | 3280181 | Anti-insulin receptor antibodies were found in 13 of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 47 with NIDDM. |
| 3894 | 3280181 | Insulin antibodies were found in seven of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 12 with NIDDM, all of whom were on insulin treatment. |
| 3895 | 3280181 | Sera from 80 subjects with IDDM and NIDDM, together with sera from 20 patients with miscellaneous autoimmune conditions and 20 healthy adult subjects were tested for insulin receptor antibodies by (1) inhibition of 125I-insulin binding to EBV-transformed lymphoid cells, and by (2) immunoprecipitation of solubilized insulin receptors in the presence of an excess of mono-specific anti-human IgG or IgM; this test allowed the assessment of the class of antibody activity. |
| 3896 | 3280181 | Anti-insulin receptor antibodies were found in 13 of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 47 with NIDDM. |
| 3897 | 3280181 | Insulin antibodies were found in seven of 33 subjects with IDDM and six of 12 with NIDDM, all of whom were on insulin treatment. |
| 3898 | 3280182 | Children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had increased numbers of CD25 positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells responded to insulin antigens by proliferation. |
| 3899 | 3280182 | The CD25 positivity and insulin proliferation were associated to the duration of symptoms before the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 3900 | 3280182 | Children with IDDM also had increased numbers of CD4 positive T cells in peripheral blood. |
| 3901 | 3280182 | Children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had increased numbers of CD25 positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells responded to insulin antigens by proliferation. |
| 3902 | 3280182 | The CD25 positivity and insulin proliferation were associated to the duration of symptoms before the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 3903 | 3280182 | Children with IDDM also had increased numbers of CD4 positive T cells in peripheral blood. |
| 3904 | 3280182 | Children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had increased numbers of CD25 positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells responded to insulin antigens by proliferation. |
| 3905 | 3280182 | The CD25 positivity and insulin proliferation were associated to the duration of symptoms before the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 3906 | 3280182 | Children with IDDM also had increased numbers of CD4 positive T cells in peripheral blood. |
| 3907 | 3281621 | Intermittent microalbuminuria was found in 20% of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 3908 | 3282856 | This study describes insulin binding to circulating monocytes in 24 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), five children with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 healthy and 12 obese control children. |
| 3909 | 3282856 | Insulin binding to monocytes was greatly increased in untreated IDDM children with obvious ketoacidosis (5.51 +/- 3.49 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01), whereas it was decreased in those without obvious ketoacidosis (1.39 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). |
| 3910 | 3282856 | These data indicate that changes in insulin secretion and metabolic conditions might be involved in the fluctuation of the number of insulin receptors in IDDM children as well as in NIDDM children. |
| 3911 | 3282856 | This study describes insulin binding to circulating monocytes in 24 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), five children with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 healthy and 12 obese control children. |
| 3912 | 3282856 | Insulin binding to monocytes was greatly increased in untreated IDDM children with obvious ketoacidosis (5.51 +/- 3.49 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01), whereas it was decreased in those without obvious ketoacidosis (1.39 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). |
| 3913 | 3282856 | These data indicate that changes in insulin secretion and metabolic conditions might be involved in the fluctuation of the number of insulin receptors in IDDM children as well as in NIDDM children. |
| 3914 | 3282856 | This study describes insulin binding to circulating monocytes in 24 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), five children with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 healthy and 12 obese control children. |
| 3915 | 3282856 | Insulin binding to monocytes was greatly increased in untreated IDDM children with obvious ketoacidosis (5.51 +/- 3.49 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01), whereas it was decreased in those without obvious ketoacidosis (1.39 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). |
| 3916 | 3282856 | These data indicate that changes in insulin secretion and metabolic conditions might be involved in the fluctuation of the number of insulin receptors in IDDM children as well as in NIDDM children. |
| 3917 | 3282941 | To determine the effects of insulin on dietary and endogenous leucine metabolism, five normal subjects, seven insulin-insufficient insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients, and five diabetic patients controlled with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were studied before and for 8 h after ingestion of a chemically defined elemental test meal (10 cal/kg) containing crystalline amino acids. |
| 3918 | 3282941 | Postabsorptive and meal-related increases in the plasma leucine concentration were greater (P less than .05) in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in the normal subjects but returned to near-normal values with CSII. |
| 3919 | 3282941 | Baseline leucine flux was approximately 40% greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in normal subjects (2.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.15 mumol.kg-1.min-1, respectively; .05 less than P less than .01) but were near normal during CSII treatment (1.85 +/- 0.25 mumol.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3920 | 3282941 | Furthermore, total leucine entry during meal absorption was greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM (1.41 +/- 0.10 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1) than in either normal (0.96 +/- 0.08 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .01) or IDDM subjects during CSII treatment (1.09 +/- 0.11 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .05). |
| 3921 | 3282941 | To determine the effects of insulin on dietary and endogenous leucine metabolism, five normal subjects, seven insulin-insufficient insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients, and five diabetic patients controlled with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were studied before and for 8 h after ingestion of a chemically defined elemental test meal (10 cal/kg) containing crystalline amino acids. |
| 3922 | 3282941 | Postabsorptive and meal-related increases in the plasma leucine concentration were greater (P less than .05) in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in the normal subjects but returned to near-normal values with CSII. |
| 3923 | 3282941 | Baseline leucine flux was approximately 40% greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in normal subjects (2.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.15 mumol.kg-1.min-1, respectively; .05 less than P less than .01) but were near normal during CSII treatment (1.85 +/- 0.25 mumol.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3924 | 3282941 | Furthermore, total leucine entry during meal absorption was greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM (1.41 +/- 0.10 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1) than in either normal (0.96 +/- 0.08 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .01) or IDDM subjects during CSII treatment (1.09 +/- 0.11 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .05). |
| 3925 | 3282941 | To determine the effects of insulin on dietary and endogenous leucine metabolism, five normal subjects, seven insulin-insufficient insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients, and five diabetic patients controlled with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were studied before and for 8 h after ingestion of a chemically defined elemental test meal (10 cal/kg) containing crystalline amino acids. |
| 3926 | 3282941 | Postabsorptive and meal-related increases in the plasma leucine concentration were greater (P less than .05) in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in the normal subjects but returned to near-normal values with CSII. |
| 3927 | 3282941 | Baseline leucine flux was approximately 40% greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in normal subjects (2.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.15 mumol.kg-1.min-1, respectively; .05 less than P less than .01) but were near normal during CSII treatment (1.85 +/- 0.25 mumol.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3928 | 3282941 | Furthermore, total leucine entry during meal absorption was greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM (1.41 +/- 0.10 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1) than in either normal (0.96 +/- 0.08 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .01) or IDDM subjects during CSII treatment (1.09 +/- 0.11 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .05). |
| 3929 | 3282941 | To determine the effects of insulin on dietary and endogenous leucine metabolism, five normal subjects, seven insulin-insufficient insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients, and five diabetic patients controlled with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were studied before and for 8 h after ingestion of a chemically defined elemental test meal (10 cal/kg) containing crystalline amino acids. |
| 3930 | 3282941 | Postabsorptive and meal-related increases in the plasma leucine concentration were greater (P less than .05) in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in the normal subjects but returned to near-normal values with CSII. |
| 3931 | 3282941 | Baseline leucine flux was approximately 40% greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM than in normal subjects (2.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.15 mumol.kg-1.min-1, respectively; .05 less than P less than .01) but were near normal during CSII treatment (1.85 +/- 0.25 mumol.kg-1.min-1). |
| 3932 | 3282941 | Furthermore, total leucine entry during meal absorption was greater in the insulin-insufficient IDDM (1.41 +/- 0.10 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1) than in either normal (0.96 +/- 0.08 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .01) or IDDM subjects during CSII treatment (1.09 +/- 0.11 mmol.kg-1.8 h-1, P less than .05). |
| 3933 | 3282959 | Elevated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a frequent finding in patients with early insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3934 | 3283232 | The BB rat spontaneously develops an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that closely resembles this disease in man. |
| 3935 | 3284388 | Starting 5 to 7 days after onset of streptozotocin-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rats were fed a low-sodium diet for 4-5 days. |
| 3936 | 3284388 | Our observations suggest that the abnormally elevated glomerular blood flow and filtration rate of early IDDM can be corrected by a low-sodium diet via stimulation of endogenous ANG II. |
| 3937 | 3284388 | Starting 5 to 7 days after onset of streptozotocin-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rats were fed a low-sodium diet for 4-5 days. |
| 3938 | 3284388 | Our observations suggest that the abnormally elevated glomerular blood flow and filtration rate of early IDDM can be corrected by a low-sodium diet via stimulation of endogenous ANG II. |
| 3939 | 3286168 | Alpha-glucosidase inhibition and timing of preprandial insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3940 | 3286168 | Bay-m-1099, a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, was given along with insulin immediately before standard breakfasts, lunches and dinners to nine insulin-dependent diabetic patients to determine whether this combination therapy would produce postprandial glycemic control comparable to that achieved when insulin alone was administered 30 min prior to eating. |
| 3941 | 3286168 | Thus, the combination of immediate preprandial administration of an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor along with insulin resulted in glycemic control comparable to that achieved when more insulin was taken 30 min prior to eating. |
| 3942 | 3286168 | We conclude that use of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors could lessen the inconvenience of intensive insulin regimens by permitting patients to take their insulin immediately before eating and thus result in greater patient compliance. |
| 3943 | 3287952 | To distinguish between the role of insulin and that of glucagon in this secondary line of defense against hypoglycemia during exercise in humans, glucoregulation during moderate exercise (approximately 55% of maximum O2 consumption over 60 min) was studied in people who could not decrease insulin but could increase glucagon, i.e., patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3944 | 3287952 | While receiving constant intravenous infusions of regular insulin, in individualized doses shown to result in stable plasma glucose concentrations of approximately 95 mg/dl before exercise, patients with IDDM were studied under two conditions: 1) a control study (n = 13) and 2) an adrenergic blockade study (propranolol infusion, n = 8). |
| 3945 | 3287952 | To distinguish between the role of insulin and that of glucagon in this secondary line of defense against hypoglycemia during exercise in humans, glucoregulation during moderate exercise (approximately 55% of maximum O2 consumption over 60 min) was studied in people who could not decrease insulin but could increase glucagon, i.e., patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3946 | 3287952 | While receiving constant intravenous infusions of regular insulin, in individualized doses shown to result in stable plasma glucose concentrations of approximately 95 mg/dl before exercise, patients with IDDM were studied under two conditions: 1) a control study (n = 13) and 2) an adrenergic blockade study (propranolol infusion, n = 8). |
| 3947 | 3289868 | Although insulin is life sustaining for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the meal plan is of critical importance for avoiding hyperglycemia, preventing hypoglycemia, and maintaining metabolic balance. |
| 3948 | 3289990 | Effects of epinephrine (Epi) infusion on the absorption of subcutaneously injected 125I-labeled soluble human insulin (10 U) from the thigh or the abdomen were studied in 16 healthy subjects and from the thigh in 10 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 3949 | 3289990 | The results indicate that circulating Epi at levels seen during moderate physical stress depresses the absorption of soluble insulin from subcutaneous injection sites to an extent that might be important for glycemic control in IDDM patients. |
| 3950 | 3289990 | Effects of epinephrine (Epi) infusion on the absorption of subcutaneously injected 125I-labeled soluble human insulin (10 U) from the thigh or the abdomen were studied in 16 healthy subjects and from the thigh in 10 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 3951 | 3289990 | The results indicate that circulating Epi at levels seen during moderate physical stress depresses the absorption of soluble insulin from subcutaneous injection sites to an extent that might be important for glycemic control in IDDM patients. |
| 3952 | 3290007 | To evaluate the effect of strict glycemic control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the plasma glucose threshold initiating counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia, we used the glucose clamp technique to produce a standardized gradual glucose decline from 90 to 40 mg/dl in seven young IDDM patients before and after 2-6 mo of intensified insulin therapy. |
| 3953 | 3290007 | Before intensive therapy [hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) 9.6 +/- 1.1%], epinephrine responses were triggered at a higher plasma glucose level (67 +/- 4 mg/dl) than in normal control subjects (56 +/- 1 mg/dl, P less than .05), and clinical symptoms of hypoglycemia appeared at glucose levels of 50-60 mg/dl. |
| 3954 | 3290916 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), also called type I diabetes, is characterized by abrupt clinical onset, insulinopenia, proneness to ketosis even in the basal state, and dependence on exogenous insulin to sustain life. |
| 3955 | 3292321 | Analysis of HLA-associated susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has largely focused on identifying the susceptibility gene. |
| 3956 | 3293880 | Similar to Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man, diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse and that induced by low-dose of multiple injections of streptozotocin (low-dose SZ) develop in conjunction with the presence of insulitis. |
| 3957 | 3297578 | We compared continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple injections (MI) in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assess the effect of glucose control on monocyte insulin receptors. |
| 3958 | 3297578 | Each IDDM patient (n = 8) was treated for 2 mo by MI (HS Ultralente and AC boluses of regular insulin) and for 2 mo by CSII in a randomized fashion. |
| 3959 | 3297578 | In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that in IDDM, intensive therapy by MI and CSII resulted in similar good glucose control, but only CSII resulted in normalization of insulin receptors on circulating monocytes. |
| 3960 | 3297578 | We compared continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple injections (MI) in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assess the effect of glucose control on monocyte insulin receptors. |
| 3961 | 3297578 | Each IDDM patient (n = 8) was treated for 2 mo by MI (HS Ultralente and AC boluses of regular insulin) and for 2 mo by CSII in a randomized fashion. |
| 3962 | 3297578 | In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that in IDDM, intensive therapy by MI and CSII resulted in similar good glucose control, but only CSII resulted in normalization of insulin receptors on circulating monocytes. |
| 3963 | 3297578 | We compared continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple injections (MI) in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assess the effect of glucose control on monocyte insulin receptors. |
| 3964 | 3297578 | Each IDDM patient (n = 8) was treated for 2 mo by MI (HS Ultralente and AC boluses of regular insulin) and for 2 mo by CSII in a randomized fashion. |
| 3965 | 3297578 | In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that in IDDM, intensive therapy by MI and CSII resulted in similar good glucose control, but only CSII resulted in normalization of insulin receptors on circulating monocytes. |
| 3966 | 3298305 | A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3967 | 3298305 | This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. |
| 3968 | 3298305 | Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. |
| 3969 | 3298305 | A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3970 | 3298305 | This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. |
| 3971 | 3298305 | Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. |
| 3972 | 3298305 | A high glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is often found early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3973 | 3298305 | This study was undertaken to determine whether exogenous D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid at two infusion rates (40 and 30 mumol kg-1 min-1) for 180 min altered renal plasma flow (RPF), GFR, and the excretion rate of total protein, beta 2-microglobulin, and albumin in 11 normal (N) subjects and 11 IDDM patients in whom euglycemia was achieved and maintained using the insulin-glucose clamp technique. |
| 3974 | 3298305 | Both total protein and beta 2-microglobulin, but not albumin, excretion rates increased during D,L-3-hydroxybutyric acid (40 mumol kg-1 min-1) infusion in N and IDDM subjects. |
| 3975 | 3298620 | Among female nonobese diabetic mice, ketotic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops spontaneously in 80% between 12 and 26 weeks of age. |
| 3976 | 3300607 | [Immunological studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3977 | 3301157 | An insulin-producing cell line, Clone-16, of hamster origin, was characterized for islet hormone production and for reactivity with islet cell surface (ICSA) and islet cell cytoplasmic (ICA) antibodies in sera from children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3978 | 3301157 | The cells produced 63 +/- 3 ng (mean +/- SD) immunoreactive insulin and 9.4 +/- 0.3 ng immunoreactive glucagon per day per 10(6) cells, while somatostatin (SRIF) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were undetectable. |
| 3979 | 3301237 | Thus, in patients with IDDM the primary event seems to be related to the insulin-deficient state, which results in a decrease in HDL turnover rate and resultant decline in plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration. |
| 3980 | 3301237 | For reasons not totally clear, plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations in patients with IDDM treated with insulin are not lower than normal, and even tend to be higher than these values in a nondiabetic population. |
| 3981 | 3301237 | Although it is apparent from the considerations discussed in this review that a great deal more needs to be learned about the effect of insulin deficiency on HDL metabolism, changes in HDL metabolism do not appear to be clinically important in patients with IDDM. |
| 3982 | 3301237 | Thus, in patients with IDDM the primary event seems to be related to the insulin-deficient state, which results in a decrease in HDL turnover rate and resultant decline in plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration. |
| 3983 | 3301237 | For reasons not totally clear, plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations in patients with IDDM treated with insulin are not lower than normal, and even tend to be higher than these values in a nondiabetic population. |
| 3984 | 3301237 | Although it is apparent from the considerations discussed in this review that a great deal more needs to be learned about the effect of insulin deficiency on HDL metabolism, changes in HDL metabolism do not appear to be clinically important in patients with IDDM. |
| 3985 | 3301237 | Thus, in patients with IDDM the primary event seems to be related to the insulin-deficient state, which results in a decrease in HDL turnover rate and resultant decline in plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration. |
| 3986 | 3301237 | For reasons not totally clear, plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations in patients with IDDM treated with insulin are not lower than normal, and even tend to be higher than these values in a nondiabetic population. |
| 3987 | 3301237 | Although it is apparent from the considerations discussed in this review that a great deal more needs to be learned about the effect of insulin deficiency on HDL metabolism, changes in HDL metabolism do not appear to be clinically important in patients with IDDM. |
| 3988 | 3301240 | Genetic studies indicate that the IDDM susceptibility genes in the HLA region are closely linked to the DR3 and DR4 specificities; however, these specificities do not define the actual susceptibility genes. |
| 3989 | 3301240 | For example, the DX alpha, 2.1-kb Taql polymorphism shows a stronger correlation with IDDM than DR3. |
| 3990 | 3301240 | Genetic studies indicate that the IDDM susceptibility genes in the HLA region are closely linked to the DR3 and DR4 specificities; however, these specificities do not define the actual susceptibility genes. |
| 3991 | 3301240 | For example, the DX alpha, 2.1-kb Taql polymorphism shows a stronger correlation with IDDM than DR3. |
| 3992 | 3301317 | For example, manifestations of ovarian hypofunction (primary amenorrhea, late menarche, anovulation, low pregnancy rate, and early menopause) in IDDM can be understood if it is accepted that insulin is necessary for the ovary to reach its full steroidogenic potential. |
| 3993 | 3301317 | Potential mechanisms underlying the gonadotropic activity of insulin include direct effects on steroidogenic enzymes, modulation of FSH or LH receptor number, synergism with FSH or LH, or nonspecific enhancement of cell viability. |
| 3994 | 3302721 | The NOD (non-obese diabetic) mouse spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) characterized by autoimmune insulitis, involving lymphocytic infiltration around and into the islets followed by pancreatic beta (beta) cell destruction, similar to human IDDM. |
| 3995 | 3304784 | A 33-year-old female with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for 14 yr had been taking a constant insulin dose for 2 yr. |
| 3996 | 3304894 | To determine the effect of normoglycemia on renal prostaglandin synthesis and renin-angiotensin system activity, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) urinary excretion, plasma renin activity (PRA), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were studied in seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without complications, both in basal conditions and after a 20-h treatment with an artificial pancreas. |
| 3997 | 3306133 | Cell-mediated autoimmunity at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 3998 | 3307260 | A cohort of BB/E rats derived from litters with a high and low incidence of IDDM was studied prospectively to examine the relationship between circulating autoantibodies, islet insulin secretion, pancreatic infiltration, and islet cell replication during the pre-diabetic period. |
| 3999 | 3307270 | A 42-year-old male patient, who suffered from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and intolerance of lactose, presented with extreme metabolic acidosis (lactic acidosis). |
| 4000 | 3307406 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 4001 | 3307406 | The risk is greatest for those with both DR3 and DR4. |
| 4002 | 3309547 | B cell function was preserved to a greater extent (P less than .01), and glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting level of glucose were lower (P less than .01 to .05) in the 31 patients with pancreatogenic diabetes than than in 35 otherwise comparable patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes, yet daily insulin dose was similar in the two groups. |
| 4003 | 3309547 | Glucagon stimulated C-peptide was inversely correlated to glycosylated hemoglobin in insulin-dependent patients with pancreatogenic diabetes and in type I diabetes. |
| 4004 | 3309547 | Rather residual B cell function and/or different secretion of other pancreatic hormones in pancreatogenic diabetes may account for different metabolic control in type I IDDM compared with insulin-dependent pancreatogenic diabetes. |
| 4005 | 3311550 | A new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (Bay-m-1099) reduces insulin requirements with meals in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4006 | 3311550 | To determine the effects of Bay-m-1099, a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on insulin requirements and prandial glucose tolerance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), plasma glucose, triglyceride, and free insulin concentrations were measured after ingestion of a standard breakfast, lunch, and dinner in nine patients with IDDM in a single-blind, randomized, crossover design. |
| 4007 | 3311550 | We conclude that inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidases by Bay-m-1099 in IDDM reduces meal insulin requirements by at least 20% and that such an agent could be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus by reducing hyperinsulinemia. |
| 4008 | 3311550 | A new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (Bay-m-1099) reduces insulin requirements with meals in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4009 | 3311550 | To determine the effects of Bay-m-1099, a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, on insulin requirements and prandial glucose tolerance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), plasma glucose, triglyceride, and free insulin concentrations were measured after ingestion of a standard breakfast, lunch, and dinner in nine patients with IDDM in a single-blind, randomized, crossover design. |
| 4010 | 3311550 | We conclude that inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidases by Bay-m-1099 in IDDM reduces meal insulin requirements by at least 20% and that such an agent could be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus by reducing hyperinsulinemia. |
| 4011 | 3313294 | The prevalence of vaginal infections has been evaluated in 51 patient affected by insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in a control group of girls matched for age. |
| 4012 | 3314469 | To examine the effects of various carbohydrate foods on postprandial glycemia in diabetic children, we fed a mixed, isocaloric diet containing either high- or low-glycemic-index (GI) breakfast foods to 22 children with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and measured blood sugar response with and without adjustment of insulin doses. |
| 4013 | 3314469 | Thus, as long as proper adjustment of insulin is made, the type of carbohydrate in a single mixed meal does not appear to have a significant effect on the postprandial glycemic response in children with long-standing poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 4014 | 3314469 | To examine the effects of various carbohydrate foods on postprandial glycemia in diabetic children, we fed a mixed, isocaloric diet containing either high- or low-glycemic-index (GI) breakfast foods to 22 children with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and measured blood sugar response with and without adjustment of insulin doses. |
| 4015 | 3314469 | Thus, as long as proper adjustment of insulin is made, the type of carbohydrate in a single mixed meal does not appear to have a significant effect on the postprandial glycemic response in children with long-standing poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 4016 | 3315365 | Information that can be gathered from carefully designed and executed epidemiologic studies carried out on a population-based group of individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) provides insight into this disorder that cannot be obtained by traditional methods of basic or clinical research. |
| 4017 | 3315369 | We measured insulin antibody binding in 2 groups of patients: Study 1, 32 children with newly diagnosed IDDM before onset of insulin therapy, and, in 20 of these, 10 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after beginning therapy; and Study 2, 35 children with long-standing IDDM, 20 of whom had free insulin concentrations measured before, and for 2 hours following subcutaneous injection of 0.25 U/kg regular insulin. |
| 4018 | 3315369 | In Study 1 we have confirmed previous studies showing abnormally high insulin antibody binding in children with IDDM pre-treatment. |
| 4019 | 3315369 | In Study 2, we have shown that insulin antibody binding is not related to either the level of metabolic control or the rate of rise of free insulin levels in children with IDDM. |
| 4020 | 3315369 | We measured insulin antibody binding in 2 groups of patients: Study 1, 32 children with newly diagnosed IDDM before onset of insulin therapy, and, in 20 of these, 10 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after beginning therapy; and Study 2, 35 children with long-standing IDDM, 20 of whom had free insulin concentrations measured before, and for 2 hours following subcutaneous injection of 0.25 U/kg regular insulin. |
| 4021 | 3315369 | In Study 1 we have confirmed previous studies showing abnormally high insulin antibody binding in children with IDDM pre-treatment. |
| 4022 | 3315369 | In Study 2, we have shown that insulin antibody binding is not related to either the level of metabolic control or the rate of rise of free insulin levels in children with IDDM. |
| 4023 | 3315369 | We measured insulin antibody binding in 2 groups of patients: Study 1, 32 children with newly diagnosed IDDM before onset of insulin therapy, and, in 20 of these, 10 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after beginning therapy; and Study 2, 35 children with long-standing IDDM, 20 of whom had free insulin concentrations measured before, and for 2 hours following subcutaneous injection of 0.25 U/kg regular insulin. |
| 4024 | 3315369 | In Study 1 we have confirmed previous studies showing abnormally high insulin antibody binding in children with IDDM pre-treatment. |
| 4025 | 3315369 | In Study 2, we have shown that insulin antibody binding is not related to either the level of metabolic control or the rate of rise of free insulin levels in children with IDDM. |
| 4026 | 3315370 | We studied residual beta-cell function in 84 children with IDDM to assess (1) relationship between basal and stimulated C-peptide concentrations; (2) reproducibility of testing (Group 1, n = 20); (3) the effect of exogenous insulin on test interpretation (Group II, n = 20); and (4) impact on metabolic control. |
| 4027 | 3315517 | Autoimmunity directed against pancreatic islet cells results in slowly progressing beta-cell destruction, culminating over years in clinically manifested insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4028 | 3319305 | Several previous observations indicate a role for the immune system in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 4029 | 3320598 | In this study, Social Learning Theory was used to generate psychosocial predictors of regimen adherence among persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4030 | 3320598 | Multimethod assessment procedures (self-monitoring, interviews, mechanical devices) were used to measure adherence to four aspects of the IDDM regimen: insulin injections, glucose testing, diet, and exercise. |
| 4031 | 3320598 | In this study, Social Learning Theory was used to generate psychosocial predictors of regimen adherence among persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4032 | 3320598 | Multimethod assessment procedures (self-monitoring, interviews, mechanical devices) were used to measure adherence to four aspects of the IDDM regimen: insulin injections, glucose testing, diet, and exercise. |
| 4033 | 3322728 | Glucose and insulin responses in relation to insulin dose and caloric intake 12 h after acute physical exercise in men with IDDM. |
| 4034 | 3327310 | Study of two diseases with autoimmune characteristics (IDDM and SLE) has demonstrated that alleles carried in the MHC can confer disease susceptibility. |
| 4035 | 3327310 | The MHC alleles most strongly associated with the development of IDDM are encoded within the class II region (HLA-DR or -DQ). |
| 4036 | 3327310 | Recent studies indicating that the class III gene products TNF alpha and beta may play a critical role in the initiation of the autoimmune attack on the pancreatic beta-cells have suggested the possibility that the class III region may also contribute to genetic susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 4037 | 3327310 | Study of two diseases with autoimmune characteristics (IDDM and SLE) has demonstrated that alleles carried in the MHC can confer disease susceptibility. |
| 4038 | 3327310 | The MHC alleles most strongly associated with the development of IDDM are encoded within the class II region (HLA-DR or -DQ). |
| 4039 | 3327310 | Recent studies indicating that the class III gene products TNF alpha and beta may play a critical role in the initiation of the autoimmune attack on the pancreatic beta-cells have suggested the possibility that the class III region may also contribute to genetic susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 4040 | 3327310 | Study of two diseases with autoimmune characteristics (IDDM and SLE) has demonstrated that alleles carried in the MHC can confer disease susceptibility. |
| 4041 | 3327310 | The MHC alleles most strongly associated with the development of IDDM are encoded within the class II region (HLA-DR or -DQ). |
| 4042 | 3327310 | Recent studies indicating that the class III gene products TNF alpha and beta may play a critical role in the initiation of the autoimmune attack on the pancreatic beta-cells have suggested the possibility that the class III region may also contribute to genetic susceptibility in IDDM. |
| 4043 | 3330697 | There is a probable real but not dramatic aggregation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the families of RA probands and a significant aggregation of ATD in both first- and second-degree relatives of RA probands. |
| 4044 | 3332566 | The effect of improving diabetic control on secondary hypogonadotropic amenorrhea was investigated in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4045 | 3332566 | After six months of improved metabolic control (n = 5) using intensified conventional therapy or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, the level of glycosylated hemoglobin dropped from 11.8 +/- 0.9 percent to 8.5 +/- 0.5 percent (p less than 0.005), and body weight increased from 60.5 +/- 1.8 kg to 64.7 +/- 1.4 kg (p less than 0.02). |
| 4046 | 3332566 | There was no significant change in serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, dihydroxyepiandrosterone, testosterone, prolactin, basal or GnRH-stimulated luteinizing hormone, or follicle-stimulating hormone. |
| 4047 | 3338380 | Fifty-one children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 24 healthy sibling controls were compared on one of two temperament questionnaires completed by parents. |
| 4048 | 3343348 | BB rats serve as a model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since without insulin treatment, most 60-140-d-old animals die within 1 to 2 wk of developing polyuria, polydypsia, hyperglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia. |
| 4049 | 3343348 | We report that inoculation of such BB rats with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (Armstrong strain, clone 13) reduces over a prolonged period the incidence of IDDM, normalizes the concentration of blood sugar and pancreatic insulin, prevents the mononuclear cell infiltration in the islets of Langerhans, and for a short time after inoculation alters T lymphocyte subsets. |
| 4050 | 3343348 | BB rats serve as a model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since without insulin treatment, most 60-140-d-old animals die within 1 to 2 wk of developing polyuria, polydypsia, hyperglycemia, and hypoinsulinemia. |
| 4051 | 3343348 | We report that inoculation of such BB rats with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (Armstrong strain, clone 13) reduces over a prolonged period the incidence of IDDM, normalizes the concentration of blood sugar and pancreatic insulin, prevents the mononuclear cell infiltration in the islets of Langerhans, and for a short time after inoculation alters T lymphocyte subsets. |
| 4052 | 3346774 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) developed in 7.6% of patients (13 male and 21 female). |
| 4053 | 3346774 | Total glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) was significantly (P less than 0.001) higher for the total CF population (7.3% +/- 1.2%) than for the general non-CF population (6.5% +/- 0.7%), and in the IDDM-CF group (P less than 0.05) compared with normoglycemic CF control patients. |
| 4054 | 3346774 | HBA1 did not predict the development of IDDM, but there was a weak inverse relationship between HbA1 and both NIH clinical score (r = -0.41, P less than 0.02) and standard pulmonary function tests (forced vital capacity, r = -0.25, P less than 0.01) in the general CF population. |
| 4055 | 3346774 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) developed in 7.6% of patients (13 male and 21 female). |
| 4056 | 3346774 | Total glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) was significantly (P less than 0.001) higher for the total CF population (7.3% +/- 1.2%) than for the general non-CF population (6.5% +/- 0.7%), and in the IDDM-CF group (P less than 0.05) compared with normoglycemic CF control patients. |
| 4057 | 3346774 | HBA1 did not predict the development of IDDM, but there was a weak inverse relationship between HbA1 and both NIH clinical score (r = -0.41, P less than 0.02) and standard pulmonary function tests (forced vital capacity, r = -0.25, P less than 0.01) in the general CF population. |
| 4058 | 3358368 | Since histamine has recently been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in experimental nonketotic diabetes, and since leukocytes and platelets contain most of the histamine in blood, we have determined the levels of histamine in these cells from patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 4059 | 3370569 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was identified in 10 members; all 7 living patients were found to carry the immunogenetic marker HLA-DR4. |
| 4060 | 3372263 | To examine the nature of HLA-linked genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we compared HLA class II gene sequences from IDDM patients and control individuals. |
| 4061 | 3372263 | These libraries represent the HLA haplotypes (DR3, DR4) most frequently associated with IDDM, as well as one haplotype found less often. |
| 4062 | 3372263 | To examine the nature of HLA-linked genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we compared HLA class II gene sequences from IDDM patients and control individuals. |
| 4063 | 3372263 | These libraries represent the HLA haplotypes (DR3, DR4) most frequently associated with IDDM, as well as one haplotype found less often. |
| 4064 | 3375126 | A total of 203 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were screened for coeliac disease (CD) by means of serum IgA and IgG antigliadin (AGA) (ELISA) and total anti reticulin antibody (ARA) IFL assay. |
| 4065 | 3378686 | Erythrocyte sorbitol and erythrocyte viscosity at high and low shear rates were studied in 20 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 20 matched control subjects. |
| 4066 | 3383830 | Forty-six adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 43 obese adults with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were interviewed regarding their most recent dietary violations, and the results were coded using the schema developed by Marlatt and Gordon. |
| 4067 | 3384183 | Lung volumes were measured by spirometry and helium-dilution technique in 28 young adult men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration and compared with 16 age- and height-matched adult men without diabetes. |
| 4068 | 3391092 | In recent years, the prognosis for a successful pregnancy has greatly improved for women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who are under good glycemic control and free of complications such as vascular disease and nephropathy. |
| 4069 | 3391095 | The relative value of fructosamine as an alternative to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) and other measures of glycemic control was assessed in 100 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 104 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 4070 | 3391095 | Fructosamine correlated moderately well with HbA1 (affinity; r = .8) and placed 71% of IDDM and 72% of NIDDM patients in the same clinical category of good, moderate, or poor control. |
| 4071 | 3391095 | The relative value of fructosamine as an alternative to glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) and other measures of glycemic control was assessed in 100 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 104 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 4072 | 3391095 | Fructosamine correlated moderately well with HbA1 (affinity; r = .8) and placed 71% of IDDM and 72% of NIDDM patients in the same clinical category of good, moderate, or poor control. |
| 4073 | 3391343 | We have studied the functional importance of renal eicosanoids in renal hemodynamics of seven newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients by treatment with two structurally unrelated inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (i.e., piroxicam and sulindac). |
| 4074 | 3391344 | We examined the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children aged 0-14 yr in Montreal by social class and by ethnic group from 1971 to 1985. |
| 4075 | 3391346 | Population-based registries of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) worldwide have reached the critical mass needed to investigate global patterns of the disease. |
| 4076 | 3394650 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from an inflammatory process leading to destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 4077 | 3400088 | Seventy IDDM patients (insulin-dependent diabetics), 48 females and 22 males, most of them adults at the onset of diabetes, and suffering from at least one other associated autoimmune manifestation (AAM) were studied for HLA A,B,C, DR markers and Bf, C4 complement components. |
| 4078 | 3400091 | From the study of HLA, A, B, C, DR, Bf and C4A, C4B alleles in 287 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients and 108 controls, comparisons were made between 424 diabetic and 216 normal extended haplotypes. |
| 4079 | 3400091 | In the "cis" situation (haplotype), the highest relative risks (RR) for IDDM were borne by multiloci allelic associations, mainly DR/complement alleles, rather than by DR3 or DR4 considered alone. |
| 4080 | 3400091 | Susceptibility was strongly associated with two extended haplotypes (Aw30, Cw5, B18, C4BQ0, C4A3, BfF1, DR3 and A2, Cw3, B15, C4Bx, C4A3, BfS, DR4) or their smaller segments. |
| 4081 | 3400091 | In the "trans" situation (opposite haplotype) the large excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes was not the only distortion observed. |
| 4082 | 3400091 | Homozygotes for DR3 or DR4 were not increased, and other homozygotes were decreased compared to controls. |
| 4083 | 3402302 | Our aim was to obtain ample electrophysiological documentation of possible neurological abnormalities in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients with a short duration of disease and without overt complications, taking into account metabolic control. |
| 4084 | 3412860 | Platelet aggregate ratios (PAR) were determined, and threshold concentrations (ED50) of epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and collagen were estimated by platelet aggregometry in 88 IDDM and 52 NIDDM patients without hyperlipidaemia or azotaemia, and in 106 healthy volunteers to revise the question of hyperaggregability in diabetes. |
| 4085 | 3412860 | IDDM patients had significantly lower PAR and collagen ED50, and a tendency for epinephrine and ADP to be lower as compared to the sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 4086 | 3412860 | Platelet aggregate ratios (PAR) were determined, and threshold concentrations (ED50) of epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and collagen were estimated by platelet aggregometry in 88 IDDM and 52 NIDDM patients without hyperlipidaemia or azotaemia, and in 106 healthy volunteers to revise the question of hyperaggregability in diabetes. |
| 4087 | 3412860 | IDDM patients had significantly lower PAR and collagen ED50, and a tendency for epinephrine and ADP to be lower as compared to the sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 4088 | 3416680 | Primary prevention of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and NIDDM has become increasingly important because of their significant morbidity and mortality and the human and economic costs associated with diabetes and its complications. |
| 4089 | 3416708 | In order to discover the HLA DR antigens linked to Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and to relate them to the clinical features, HLA DR antigens were examined in 75 IDDM patients including 56 adult-onset cases. |
| 4090 | 3417055 | Offspring of women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a lower risk of developing IDDM than offspring of men with IDDM (1). |
| 4091 | 3428051 | The purpose of this study was to develop a model that describes the contributions of key psychosocial variables to the health outcome of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4092 | 3455700 | All patients had insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) with a mean (+/- S.D.) duration of 14.0 +/- 9.1 years. |
| 4093 | 3455700 | The saliva analysis included the quantitation of total protein, amylase, immunoglobulins (isotypes A, G, and M), and the non-antibody, innate antimicrobial factors (lysozyme, lactoferrin, salivary peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, thiocyanate, and hypothiocyanite). |
| 4094 | 3456197 | To investigate the possible coinheritance of autoimmune diseases that are associated with the same HLA antigen, we studied 70 families in which at least two siblings had either type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or a combination of these diseases. |
| 4095 | 3456197 | The results suggested that the same haplotype may predispose to both IDDM and ATD, or IDDM and RA, but not to both RA and ATD. |
| 4096 | 3456197 | In 16 families typed for HLA-DR also, the haplotype predisposing to both IDDM and ATD was assigned from pedigree information to DR3 (44%), DR4 (39%), or DR5, DR6, or DR7 (5.5% each). |
| 4097 | 3456197 | In some families, these haplotypes segregated over several generations with ATD only (either clinical or subclinical), suggesting that in such families, ATD was a marker for a susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 4098 | 3456197 | In several families, an IDDM haplotype segregated with RA but not with ATD. |
| 4099 | 3456197 | To investigate the possible coinheritance of autoimmune diseases that are associated with the same HLA antigen, we studied 70 families in which at least two siblings had either type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or a combination of these diseases. |
| 4100 | 3456197 | The results suggested that the same haplotype may predispose to both IDDM and ATD, or IDDM and RA, but not to both RA and ATD. |
| 4101 | 3456197 | In 16 families typed for HLA-DR also, the haplotype predisposing to both IDDM and ATD was assigned from pedigree information to DR3 (44%), DR4 (39%), or DR5, DR6, or DR7 (5.5% each). |
| 4102 | 3456197 | In some families, these haplotypes segregated over several generations with ATD only (either clinical or subclinical), suggesting that in such families, ATD was a marker for a susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 4103 | 3456197 | In several families, an IDDM haplotype segregated with RA but not with ATD. |
| 4104 | 3456197 | To investigate the possible coinheritance of autoimmune diseases that are associated with the same HLA antigen, we studied 70 families in which at least two siblings had either type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or a combination of these diseases. |
| 4105 | 3456197 | The results suggested that the same haplotype may predispose to both IDDM and ATD, or IDDM and RA, but not to both RA and ATD. |
| 4106 | 3456197 | In 16 families typed for HLA-DR also, the haplotype predisposing to both IDDM and ATD was assigned from pedigree information to DR3 (44%), DR4 (39%), or DR5, DR6, or DR7 (5.5% each). |
| 4107 | 3456197 | In some families, these haplotypes segregated over several generations with ATD only (either clinical or subclinical), suggesting that in such families, ATD was a marker for a susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 4108 | 3456197 | In several families, an IDDM haplotype segregated with RA but not with ATD. |
| 4109 | 3456197 | To investigate the possible coinheritance of autoimmune diseases that are associated with the same HLA antigen, we studied 70 families in which at least two siblings had either type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or a combination of these diseases. |
| 4110 | 3456197 | The results suggested that the same haplotype may predispose to both IDDM and ATD, or IDDM and RA, but not to both RA and ATD. |
| 4111 | 3456197 | In 16 families typed for HLA-DR also, the haplotype predisposing to both IDDM and ATD was assigned from pedigree information to DR3 (44%), DR4 (39%), or DR5, DR6, or DR7 (5.5% each). |
| 4112 | 3456197 | In some families, these haplotypes segregated over several generations with ATD only (either clinical or subclinical), suggesting that in such families, ATD was a marker for a susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 4113 | 3456197 | In several families, an IDDM haplotype segregated with RA but not with ATD. |
| 4114 | 3456197 | To investigate the possible coinheritance of autoimmune diseases that are associated with the same HLA antigen, we studied 70 families in which at least two siblings had either type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or a combination of these diseases. |
| 4115 | 3456197 | The results suggested that the same haplotype may predispose to both IDDM and ATD, or IDDM and RA, but not to both RA and ATD. |
| 4116 | 3456197 | In 16 families typed for HLA-DR also, the haplotype predisposing to both IDDM and ATD was assigned from pedigree information to DR3 (44%), DR4 (39%), or DR5, DR6, or DR7 (5.5% each). |
| 4117 | 3456197 | In some families, these haplotypes segregated over several generations with ATD only (either clinical or subclinical), suggesting that in such families, ATD was a marker for a susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 4118 | 3456197 | In several families, an IDDM haplotype segregated with RA but not with ATD. |
| 4119 | 3460915 | Two hundred sixty families, in which at least one family member had insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were typed for HLA antigens and the Gm and Km allotypes. |
| 4120 | 3462234 | This study compared the periodontal and caries experience of young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a nondiabetic population of the same age. |
| 4121 | 3488933 | There were no significant differences in the gene frequencies of the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-associated alleles, DR3 and DR4, and whereas the DR3/4 heterozygotes were as frequent among simplex probands as among the first affected of multiplex sibships, subsequently affected sibs displayed lower frequencies of this genotype in this as well as in previously reported samples, indicating that the excessive risk associated with DR3/4 heterozygosity depends on the order of affection and thus on environmental factors. |
| 4122 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 4123 | 3489237 | The proportion of nondiabetic parents who transmitted DR4 to diabetic offspring (22%) was not significantly different from the gene frequency of DR4 in the nondiabetic population (16%), but it was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the gene frequency in the overall IDDM population. |
| 4124 | 3489237 | These proportions suggest that inheritance of the DR4-associated IDDM susceptibility determinant is not recessive, because in recessive inheritance expression of a trait depends on each parent contributing a susceptibility determinant. |
| 4125 | 3489237 | The transmission of predominantly DR4 from affected parents to affected offspring suggests that susceptibility to IDDM is inherited primarily via a single dose of a potent determinant associated with DR4, as in dominant inheritance. |
| 4126 | 3489237 | Numerous population data indicate that the DR3DR4 genotype carries a higher relative risk for IDDM than any other genotype, which suggests synergism between the DR3- and DR4-associated determinants. |
| 4127 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 4128 | 3489237 | The proportion of nondiabetic parents who transmitted DR4 to diabetic offspring (22%) was not significantly different from the gene frequency of DR4 in the nondiabetic population (16%), but it was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the gene frequency in the overall IDDM population. |
| 4129 | 3489237 | These proportions suggest that inheritance of the DR4-associated IDDM susceptibility determinant is not recessive, because in recessive inheritance expression of a trait depends on each parent contributing a susceptibility determinant. |
| 4130 | 3489237 | The transmission of predominantly DR4 from affected parents to affected offspring suggests that susceptibility to IDDM is inherited primarily via a single dose of a potent determinant associated with DR4, as in dominant inheritance. |
| 4131 | 3489237 | Numerous population data indicate that the DR3DR4 genotype carries a higher relative risk for IDDM than any other genotype, which suggests synergism between the DR3- and DR4-associated determinants. |
| 4132 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 4133 | 3489237 | The proportion of nondiabetic parents who transmitted DR4 to diabetic offspring (22%) was not significantly different from the gene frequency of DR4 in the nondiabetic population (16%), but it was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the gene frequency in the overall IDDM population. |
| 4134 | 3489237 | These proportions suggest that inheritance of the DR4-associated IDDM susceptibility determinant is not recessive, because in recessive inheritance expression of a trait depends on each parent contributing a susceptibility determinant. |
| 4135 | 3489237 | The transmission of predominantly DR4 from affected parents to affected offspring suggests that susceptibility to IDDM is inherited primarily via a single dose of a potent determinant associated with DR4, as in dominant inheritance. |
| 4136 | 3489237 | Numerous population data indicate that the DR3DR4 genotype carries a higher relative risk for IDDM than any other genotype, which suggests synergism between the DR3- and DR4-associated determinants. |
| 4137 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 4138 | 3489237 | The proportion of nondiabetic parents who transmitted DR4 to diabetic offspring (22%) was not significantly different from the gene frequency of DR4 in the nondiabetic population (16%), but it was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the gene frequency in the overall IDDM population. |
| 4139 | 3489237 | These proportions suggest that inheritance of the DR4-associated IDDM susceptibility determinant is not recessive, because in recessive inheritance expression of a trait depends on each parent contributing a susceptibility determinant. |
| 4140 | 3489237 | The transmission of predominantly DR4 from affected parents to affected offspring suggests that susceptibility to IDDM is inherited primarily via a single dose of a potent determinant associated with DR4, as in dominant inheritance. |
| 4141 | 3489237 | Numerous population data indicate that the DR3DR4 genotype carries a higher relative risk for IDDM than any other genotype, which suggests synergism between the DR3- and DR4-associated determinants. |
| 4142 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 4143 | 3489237 | The proportion of nondiabetic parents who transmitted DR4 to diabetic offspring (22%) was not significantly different from the gene frequency of DR4 in the nondiabetic population (16%), but it was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than the gene frequency in the overall IDDM population. |
| 4144 | 3489237 | These proportions suggest that inheritance of the DR4-associated IDDM susceptibility determinant is not recessive, because in recessive inheritance expression of a trait depends on each parent contributing a susceptibility determinant. |
| 4145 | 3489237 | The transmission of predominantly DR4 from affected parents to affected offspring suggests that susceptibility to IDDM is inherited primarily via a single dose of a potent determinant associated with DR4, as in dominant inheritance. |
| 4146 | 3489237 | Numerous population data indicate that the DR3DR4 genotype carries a higher relative risk for IDDM than any other genotype, which suggests synergism between the DR3- and DR4-associated determinants. |
| 4147 | 3489277 | All patients had insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) with a mean (+/- SD) duration of 14.0 +/- 9.1 yr. |
| 4148 | 3489346 | The presence of organ-specific autoantibodies including islet cell surface, cytoplasmic and cytotoxic as well as thyroid-gastric antibodies were determined in healthy, non-diabetic, first-degree relatives to 30 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children. |
| 4149 | 3490623 | Several studies suggest a higher incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among the offspring of men with the disease than among those of female diabetics. |
| 4150 | 3492782 | A total of 317 unrelated Danish patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been HLA-DR typed and the antigen and phenotype frequencies compared with those in 1177 unrelated Danish controls. |
| 4151 | 3499357 | Studies of Caucasian and Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have shown that heterozygosity for certain HLA-DR antigens confers a high risk of developing the disease. |
| 4152 | 3500696 | [Immunological studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 3. |
| 4153 | 3502557 | Sixty-five Brazilian, patients with type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 100 unaffected individuals were typed for HLA-A, -B, -C and DR antigens. 2. |
| 4154 | 3505714 | The paper describes a prevalence study of eating disorders in outpatients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and a controlled questionnaire study of eating attitudes in a similar population. |
| 4155 | 3510142 | To elucidate the immune aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we attempted to generate human monoclonal anti-insulin antibodies by fusing peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 10 insulin-treated IDDM patients with cells from a human lymphoblastoid cell line. |
| 4156 | 3510142 | The lymphocytic partner of this hybridoma was obtained from an IDDM patient who had undetectable levels of antibodies to insulin in his serum. |
| 4157 | 3510142 | To elucidate the immune aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we attempted to generate human monoclonal anti-insulin antibodies by fusing peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 10 insulin-treated IDDM patients with cells from a human lymphoblastoid cell line. |
| 4158 | 3510142 | The lymphocytic partner of this hybridoma was obtained from an IDDM patient who had undetectable levels of antibodies to insulin in his serum. |
| 4159 | 3510920 | Circulating insulin autoantibodies (INSAAb) were measured in discordant monozygotic twins, first-degree relatives, and other groups at "high risk" for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and these results correlated with both islet cell antibody (ICAb) status and beta cell function. |
| 4160 | 3510920 | Thus, autoantibodies reactive with the insulin molecule (1) appear to constitute an additional serologic marker of ongoing autoimmunity and development of IDDM, and (2) may reflect heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4161 | 3510920 | Circulating insulin autoantibodies (INSAAb) were measured in discordant monozygotic twins, first-degree relatives, and other groups at "high risk" for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and these results correlated with both islet cell antibody (ICAb) status and beta cell function. |
| 4162 | 3510920 | Thus, autoantibodies reactive with the insulin molecule (1) appear to constitute an additional serologic marker of ongoing autoimmunity and development of IDDM, and (2) may reflect heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4163 | 3512344 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were measured in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) by a standard, indirect immunofluorescence method (IF method) and by a newly established, three-layer immunofluorescence method applying a biotin-avidin system (BAS method). |
| 4164 | 3512601 | Circulating insulin immunoreactivity (IRI) in type I diabetic patients (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) includes a covalent aggregate about twice the size of insulin. |
| 4165 | 3512601 | We conclude that the insulin aggregate found in the blood of IDDMs originates in commercial insulin. |
| 4166 | 3512601 | Circulating insulin immunoreactivity (IRI) in type I diabetic patients (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) includes a covalent aggregate about twice the size of insulin. |
| 4167 | 3512601 | We conclude that the insulin aggregate found in the blood of IDDMs originates in commercial insulin. |
| 4168 | 3514066 | Spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and other autoimmune manifestations, such as lymphocytic thyroiditis and atrophic gastritis, develop in diabetes-prone (high-risk) lines of Wistar-derived BioBreeding (BB) rats. |
| 4169 | 3514336 | Relation between insulin antibody and complement-fixing islet cell antibody at clinical diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 4170 | 3515865 | In the present study we have extended our observations to insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM). |
| 4171 | 3516569 | The major categories of diabetes are: insulin-dependent DM, type I or IDDM; noninsulin-dependent DM, type II or NIDDM; secondary DM or type S; impaired glucose tolerance, IGT; gestational diabetes; and previous abnormality of glucose tolerance, PrevAGT. |
| 4172 | 3516569 | Diabetic cats most commonly have pancreatic islet destruction associated with pancreatic amyloidosis; they are insulin deficient, IDDM. |
| 4173 | 3516569 | The major categories of diabetes are: insulin-dependent DM, type I or IDDM; noninsulin-dependent DM, type II or NIDDM; secondary DM or type S; impaired glucose tolerance, IGT; gestational diabetes; and previous abnormality of glucose tolerance, PrevAGT. |
| 4174 | 3516569 | Diabetic cats most commonly have pancreatic islet destruction associated with pancreatic amyloidosis; they are insulin deficient, IDDM. |
| 4175 | 3517029 | Resistance to the metabolic effects of insulin has been reported with regard to glucose disposal in type I diabetic patients (IDDM) even when they were euglycemic. |
| 4176 | 3517029 | Our aim was to study glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism during glucose clamping at multiple levels of insulin in 10 normal (N) and 6 IDDM patients. |
| 4177 | 3517029 | Blood glucose was maintained constant (4.7 mmol/liter) at three insulin plateaus (160 min each) [42 +/- 6 (SD) 89 +/- 11, and 1255 +/- 185 microU/ml in N and 36 +/- 4, 80 +/- 13, and 1249 +/- 107 microU/liter in IDDM]. |
| 4178 | 3517029 | We conclude that during euglycemic-multiple insulin clamp studies the greater lactate increase suggests that the flux of glycolysis is higher in N than in IDDM, tricarboxylic acid concentrations are comparable in N and IDDM, and FFA, glycerol, and branched chain amino acid decreases were less in IDDM than in N, suggesting that IDDM patients are resistant to insulin with regard to lipid and protein metabolism. |
| 4179 | 3517029 | Resistance to the metabolic effects of insulin has been reported with regard to glucose disposal in type I diabetic patients (IDDM) even when they were euglycemic. |
| 4180 | 3517029 | Our aim was to study glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism during glucose clamping at multiple levels of insulin in 10 normal (N) and 6 IDDM patients. |
| 4181 | 3517029 | Blood glucose was maintained constant (4.7 mmol/liter) at three insulin plateaus (160 min each) [42 +/- 6 (SD) 89 +/- 11, and 1255 +/- 185 microU/ml in N and 36 +/- 4, 80 +/- 13, and 1249 +/- 107 microU/liter in IDDM]. |
| 4182 | 3517029 | We conclude that during euglycemic-multiple insulin clamp studies the greater lactate increase suggests that the flux of glycolysis is higher in N than in IDDM, tricarboxylic acid concentrations are comparable in N and IDDM, and FFA, glycerol, and branched chain amino acid decreases were less in IDDM than in N, suggesting that IDDM patients are resistant to insulin with regard to lipid and protein metabolism. |
| 4183 | 3517029 | Resistance to the metabolic effects of insulin has been reported with regard to glucose disposal in type I diabetic patients (IDDM) even when they were euglycemic. |
| 4184 | 3517029 | Our aim was to study glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism during glucose clamping at multiple levels of insulin in 10 normal (N) and 6 IDDM patients. |
| 4185 | 3517029 | Blood glucose was maintained constant (4.7 mmol/liter) at three insulin plateaus (160 min each) [42 +/- 6 (SD) 89 +/- 11, and 1255 +/- 185 microU/ml in N and 36 +/- 4, 80 +/- 13, and 1249 +/- 107 microU/liter in IDDM]. |
| 4186 | 3517029 | We conclude that during euglycemic-multiple insulin clamp studies the greater lactate increase suggests that the flux of glycolysis is higher in N than in IDDM, tricarboxylic acid concentrations are comparable in N and IDDM, and FFA, glycerol, and branched chain amino acid decreases were less in IDDM than in N, suggesting that IDDM patients are resistant to insulin with regard to lipid and protein metabolism. |
| 4187 | 3517029 | Resistance to the metabolic effects of insulin has been reported with regard to glucose disposal in type I diabetic patients (IDDM) even when they were euglycemic. |
| 4188 | 3517029 | Our aim was to study glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism during glucose clamping at multiple levels of insulin in 10 normal (N) and 6 IDDM patients. |
| 4189 | 3517029 | Blood glucose was maintained constant (4.7 mmol/liter) at three insulin plateaus (160 min each) [42 +/- 6 (SD) 89 +/- 11, and 1255 +/- 185 microU/ml in N and 36 +/- 4, 80 +/- 13, and 1249 +/- 107 microU/liter in IDDM]. |
| 4190 | 3517029 | We conclude that during euglycemic-multiple insulin clamp studies the greater lactate increase suggests that the flux of glycolysis is higher in N than in IDDM, tricarboxylic acid concentrations are comparable in N and IDDM, and FFA, glycerol, and branched chain amino acid decreases were less in IDDM than in N, suggesting that IDDM patients are resistant to insulin with regard to lipid and protein metabolism. |
| 4191 | 3517352 | The present study was designed to assess the frequency of different barriers to adherence among persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to determine the relationship between such barriers and adherence to insulin injection, glucose testing, and dietary and exercise components of the regimen. |
| 4192 | 3518162 | Evidence suggests that metabolic abnormalities are responsible for the widespread microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4193 | 3519044 | The possible involvement of growth hormone (GH) and human placental lactogen (HPL) in the development of diabetic tissue damage during pregnancy was studied in 16 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM), 8 gestational diabetic patients (GD) and 14 normal pregnant women. |
| 4194 | 3519044 | HPL was positively correlated with urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in all 3 groups, but with blood pressure only in the IDDM group. |
| 4195 | 3519044 | The possible involvement of growth hormone (GH) and human placental lactogen (HPL) in the development of diabetic tissue damage during pregnancy was studied in 16 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM), 8 gestational diabetic patients (GD) and 14 normal pregnant women. |
| 4196 | 3519044 | HPL was positively correlated with urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in all 3 groups, but with blood pressure only in the IDDM group. |
| 4197 | 3519679 | To determine whether a resistance to insulin in type 1, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is extended to both glucose and amino acid metabolism, six normal subjects and five patients with IDDM, maintained in euglycemia with intravenous insulin administration, were infused with L-[4,5-3H]leucine (Leu) and [1-14C]alpha ketoisocaproate (KIC). |
| 4198 | 3522315 | To assess the possible role of increased insulin clearance in the pathogenesis of the dawn phenomenon, we compared plasma free-insulin concentrations, free-insulin clearance rates, and plasma glucose concentrations in eight subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during infusion of insulin from midnight to 0800 h (0.15 mU . kg-1 . min-1) with a Biostator and a Harvard pump. |
| 4199 | 3524546 | Of 86 seen 3 months after delivery, 2 had developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 2 noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), diagnosed by glucose tolerance testing. |
| 4200 | 3525060 | Many of the family psychosocial variables significantly related to child abuse are also significantly related to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) control. |
| 4201 | 3525287 | Recent studies have shown that insulin autoantibodies occur in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before exogenous insulin treatment. |
| 4202 | 3525287 | Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that insulin autoantibodies, like cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICAs), can identify individuals with ongoing autoimmune beta-cell destruction and increased risk of IDDM development. |
| 4203 | 3525287 | Insulin autoantibodies detected by use of a radioligand-binding assay were found in 1.4% of normal controls, 4% of first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, and in 37% of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 4204 | 3525287 | HLA typing of insulin-autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, as well as in the general population, revealed a strong association with HLA-DR3 and/or-DR4, suggesting that insulin autoantibodies are restricted to persons genetically susceptible to IDDM. |
| 4205 | 3525287 | Recent studies have shown that insulin autoantibodies occur in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before exogenous insulin treatment. |
| 4206 | 3525287 | Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that insulin autoantibodies, like cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICAs), can identify individuals with ongoing autoimmune beta-cell destruction and increased risk of IDDM development. |
| 4207 | 3525287 | Insulin autoantibodies detected by use of a radioligand-binding assay were found in 1.4% of normal controls, 4% of first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, and in 37% of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 4208 | 3525287 | HLA typing of insulin-autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, as well as in the general population, revealed a strong association with HLA-DR3 and/or-DR4, suggesting that insulin autoantibodies are restricted to persons genetically susceptible to IDDM. |
| 4209 | 3525287 | Recent studies have shown that insulin autoantibodies occur in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before exogenous insulin treatment. |
| 4210 | 3525287 | Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that insulin autoantibodies, like cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICAs), can identify individuals with ongoing autoimmune beta-cell destruction and increased risk of IDDM development. |
| 4211 | 3525287 | Insulin autoantibodies detected by use of a radioligand-binding assay were found in 1.4% of normal controls, 4% of first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, and in 37% of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 4212 | 3525287 | HLA typing of insulin-autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, as well as in the general population, revealed a strong association with HLA-DR3 and/or-DR4, suggesting that insulin autoantibodies are restricted to persons genetically susceptible to IDDM. |
| 4213 | 3525287 | Recent studies have shown that insulin autoantibodies occur in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before exogenous insulin treatment. |
| 4214 | 3525287 | Our study was designed to test the hypothesis that insulin autoantibodies, like cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICAs), can identify individuals with ongoing autoimmune beta-cell destruction and increased risk of IDDM development. |
| 4215 | 3525287 | Insulin autoantibodies detected by use of a radioligand-binding assay were found in 1.4% of normal controls, 4% of first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, and in 37% of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 4216 | 3525287 | HLA typing of insulin-autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, as well as in the general population, revealed a strong association with HLA-DR3 and/or-DR4, suggesting that insulin autoantibodies are restricted to persons genetically susceptible to IDDM. |
| 4217 | 3526081 | Autoantibodies in sera from newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients recognize a 64,000 Mr human islet cell antigen. |
| 4218 | 3527521 | The spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rat is a well recognized animal model for the study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4219 | 3527613 | To assess the adaptation of the heart of diabetic subjects in the natural volume overload state of pregnancy, echocardiography was performed during each trimester and postpartum in 17 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 11 healthy women. |
| 4220 | 3527619 | It is argued that residual insulin secretion of metabolic importance is present in all IDDM patients during the initial course of the disease. |
| 4221 | 3529783 | The BB/H rats were from a colony with 82-84% incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by 140 days of age. |
| 4222 | 3529783 | It is concluded that about 20-40 days before the mean age of clinical onset of IDDM in BB/H rats, the capacity to release insulin in response to D-glucose is reduced along with a diminished pancreatic insulin content. |
| 4223 | 3529783 | The BB/H rats were from a colony with 82-84% incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by 140 days of age. |
| 4224 | 3529783 | It is concluded that about 20-40 days before the mean age of clinical onset of IDDM in BB/H rats, the capacity to release insulin in response to D-glucose is reduced along with a diminished pancreatic insulin content. |
| 4225 | 3531993 | The relative risks (RR) of the immunogenetic markers of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been calculated in a population of 235 IDDM patients compared with a control population. |
| 4226 | 3531993 | The highest relative risk was that of subjects heterozygous DR3/DR4 (RR = 47, P less than 0.001) which was still more increased in those who carry this combination associated with the RFLP cluster DQR4 (RR = 72). |
| 4227 | 3531993 | The highest risks have been found in addition to DR3/DR4, for DR3 alone and particularly for the combination C4BQ0, DR3 (RR = 9, p less than 0.001) suggesting a role for this peculiar association in the familial penetrance. |
| 4228 | 3531993 | In the group of haploidentical siblings, the combination DR3/DR4 and the associations C4BQ0, DR3 and BfF1, DR3 significantly increased the susceptibility for higher familial occurrence of the disease. |
| 4229 | 3533475 | One hundred seventy-four routine-attending insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were allocated to active and control groups to determine the effect of these programs on knowledge and control after a 4- to 6-mo follow-up period. |
| 4230 | 3533686 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from 65 individuals: 34 nondiabetic patients with islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) (prediabetic phase), 9 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 6 ICA-negative siblings or offsprings of IDDM patients, and 16 ICA-negative controls. |
| 4231 | 3533686 | No increased expression of interleukin 2 receptor on T-lymphocyte was found in newly diagnosed IDDM or prediabetic individuals. |
| 4232 | 3533686 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from 65 individuals: 34 nondiabetic patients with islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) (prediabetic phase), 9 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 6 ICA-negative siblings or offsprings of IDDM patients, and 16 ICA-negative controls. |
| 4233 | 3533686 | No increased expression of interleukin 2 receptor on T-lymphocyte was found in newly diagnosed IDDM or prediabetic individuals. |
| 4234 | 3535329 | The polymorphism linked to the human insulin gene: its lack of association with either IDDM or NIDDM in Japanese. |
| 4235 | 3535329 | Polymorphism of 5' portion of the human insulin gene was examined in 188 unrelated Japanese subjects (49 normal, 71 with IDDM, and 68 with NIDDM) using restriction endonuclease analysis. |
| 4236 | 3535329 | The polymorphism linked to the human insulin gene: its lack of association with either IDDM or NIDDM in Japanese. |
| 4237 | 3535329 | Polymorphism of 5' portion of the human insulin gene was examined in 188 unrelated Japanese subjects (49 normal, 71 with IDDM, and 68 with NIDDM) using restriction endonuclease analysis. |
| 4238 | 3536196 | Studies of identical twins suggest a genetic component in the pathogenesis of retinopathy in NIDDM, and less so in IDDM, but increased capillary basement membrane thickness does not occur in the non-diabetic identical co-twins of insulin dependent diabetics. |
| 4239 | 3537009 | To determine whether [2(3)H], [3(3)H], and [6(14)C]glucose provide an equivalent assessment of glucose turnover in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic man, glucose utilization rates were measured using a simultaneous infusion of these isotopes before and during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. |
| 4240 | 3537009 | In IDDM, glucose turnover rates measured with [6(14)C]glucose during insulin infusion were lower (P less than 0.05) than those determined with [2(3)H]glucose, but were not different from those determined with [3(3)H]glucose. |
| 4241 | 3537009 | To determine whether [2(3)H], [3(3)H], and [6(14)C]glucose provide an equivalent assessment of glucose turnover in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic man, glucose utilization rates were measured using a simultaneous infusion of these isotopes before and during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. |
| 4242 | 3537009 | In IDDM, glucose turnover rates measured with [6(14)C]glucose during insulin infusion were lower (P less than 0.05) than those determined with [2(3)H]glucose, but were not different from those determined with [3(3)H]glucose. |
| 4243 | 3537124 | There is a high prevalence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and autoantibodies detected against an islet cell protein of Mr 64,000 at the time of clinical diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 4244 | 3539976 | Though many advances have been made in our understanding of the causes of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), there are many unresolved issues which could benefit from epidemiologic research. |
| 4245 | 3542595 | Regular insulin at a dose of 0.1 U/kg was injected in an i.v. bolus form into 21 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 22 noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics before and one to three months after strict glycemic control with multiple insulin injection therapy or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. |
| 4246 | 3542595 | To reduce fasting blood glucose level and to obtain the same hypoglycemic stimuli, overnight insulin infusion at a basal dose was undertaken in IDDM who showed hyperglycemia before strict glycemic regulations. |
| 4247 | 3542595 | Regular insulin at a dose of 0.1 U/kg was injected in an i.v. bolus form into 21 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 22 noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics before and one to three months after strict glycemic control with multiple insulin injection therapy or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy. |
| 4248 | 3542595 | To reduce fasting blood glucose level and to obtain the same hypoglycemic stimuli, overnight insulin infusion at a basal dose was undertaken in IDDM who showed hyperglycemia before strict glycemic regulations. |
| 4249 | 3542648 | BBUF rats, derived from BB rats, spontaneously develop a form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with infiltration of the islets of Langerhans by lymphocytes (insulitis). |
| 4250 | 3542648 | BBUF rats bear the RT1u major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype that we have shown to be necessary for the expression of this form of IDDM. |
| 4251 | 3542648 | BBUF rats, derived from BB rats, spontaneously develop a form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with infiltration of the islets of Langerhans by lymphocytes (insulitis). |
| 4252 | 3542648 | BBUF rats bear the RT1u major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype that we have shown to be necessary for the expression of this form of IDDM. |
| 4253 | 3542658 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans is accompanied by an attenuation of the response of glucagon to hypoglycemia. |
| 4254 | 3544175 | Numerous experimental findings in animals as well as epidemiological and clinical observations support the hypothesis that certain viruses play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4255 | 3545950 | The time course of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and serum C-peptides responses (CPRs) to oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were studied prospectively up to 60 (mean 35) mo in 32 ICA-positive subjects [28 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and 4 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); mean age 45 yr], 96 matched subjects [56 with NIDDM, 8 with IGT, and 32 normal first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM); mean age 45 yr] who were negative for ICA at the beginning of the study. |
| 4256 | 3546382 | Antibodies in sera from newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients are directed to a human islet cell protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 64,000. |
| 4257 | 3547766 | [Ambulatory treatment and monitoring of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 4258 | 3548335 | Utilizing a monoclonal antibody (Poly C9-MA) to a neoantigen of the C9 portion of the membrane attack complex of complement (MAC), immunoelectron (IEM) and immunofluorescent (IF) microscopy were performed on kidney tissue from normal humans and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and type II membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN II). |
| 4259 | 3548335 | Comparative studies were conducted using polyclonal antibodies to human C3, C5, IgG, IgA, and IgM. |
| 4260 | 3551494 | This randomized cross-over study evaluates the effects of extended, guar and guar + fructose diets on the metabolic balance of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4261 | 3552514 | Thirteen newly diagnosed diabetic subjects, 5 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, mean age 37.1 yr (range 25-64 yr), underwent glucose-clamp studies at diagnosis of diabetes at plasma glucose 200 mg/dl. |
| 4262 | 3552514 | Our results indicate that in the clinical situation, only patients with IDDM can expect an improvement in their sensitivity to physiologic insulin levels with long-term insulin therapy. |
| 4263 | 3552514 | Thirteen newly diagnosed diabetic subjects, 5 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, mean age 37.1 yr (range 25-64 yr), underwent glucose-clamp studies at diagnosis of diabetes at plasma glucose 200 mg/dl. |
| 4264 | 3552514 | Our results indicate that in the clinical situation, only patients with IDDM can expect an improvement in their sensitivity to physiologic insulin levels with long-term insulin therapy. |
| 4265 | 3552512 | Residual beta-cell function in children with IDDM: reproducibility of testing and factors influencing insulin secretory reserve. |
| 4266 | 3552796 | We recently demonstrated that the macrophage product interleukin 1 (IL-1) is cytotoxic to isolated pancreatic islets and hypothesized that IL-1 is responsible for beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4267 | 3552796 | We studied whether the variation in IDDM preponderance with age, sex, and genetic background in vivo is reflected in different susceptibility to IL-1 toxicity of islets in vitro. |
| 4268 | 3552796 | Five or 25% normal human serum as well as 5% normal rat serum, but not equivalent concentrations of human serum albumin, inhibited IL-1 toxicity, indicating the presence of IL-1 inhibitors, IL-1 antagonists, or beta-cell-protecting factors in normal serum. |
| 4269 | 3552796 | We recently demonstrated that the macrophage product interleukin 1 (IL-1) is cytotoxic to isolated pancreatic islets and hypothesized that IL-1 is responsible for beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4270 | 3552796 | We studied whether the variation in IDDM preponderance with age, sex, and genetic background in vivo is reflected in different susceptibility to IL-1 toxicity of islets in vitro. |
| 4271 | 3552796 | Five or 25% normal human serum as well as 5% normal rat serum, but not equivalent concentrations of human serum albumin, inhibited IL-1 toxicity, indicating the presence of IL-1 inhibitors, IL-1 antagonists, or beta-cell-protecting factors in normal serum. |
| 4272 | 3552803 | Comparison of glucose and intermediary metabolite response to incremental insulin infusion in IDDM subjects of short and long duration. |
| 4273 | 3552803 | Glucose and intermediary metabolite responses during incremental insulin infusion (basal, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.05 U X kg-1 X h-1) were examined in IDDM subjects with duration of diabetes of greater than 5 yr (group D5: n = 8, duration 13.5 +/- 3.9 yr, mean +/- SD) and less than 1 yr (group D1: n = 8, duration 0.3 +/- 0.1 yr) from diagnosis. |
| 4274 | 3552803 | Comparison of glucose and intermediary metabolite response to incremental insulin infusion in IDDM subjects of short and long duration. |
| 4275 | 3552803 | Glucose and intermediary metabolite responses during incremental insulin infusion (basal, 0.005, 0.01, and 0.05 U X kg-1 X h-1) were examined in IDDM subjects with duration of diabetes of greater than 5 yr (group D5: n = 8, duration 13.5 +/- 3.9 yr, mean +/- SD) and less than 1 yr (group D1: n = 8, duration 0.3 +/- 0.1 yr) from diagnosis. |
| 4276 | 3556104 | Remission in IDDM: prospective study of basal C-peptide and insulin dose in 268 consecutive patients. |
| 4277 | 3556104 | To elucidate beta-cell function, insulin requirement, and remission period in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a study was undertaken comprising 268 patients consecutively admitted to Steno Memorial Hospital with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 4278 | 3556104 | Remission in IDDM: prospective study of basal C-peptide and insulin dose in 268 consecutive patients. |
| 4279 | 3556104 | To elucidate beta-cell function, insulin requirement, and remission period in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a study was undertaken comprising 268 patients consecutively admitted to Steno Memorial Hospital with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 4280 | 3556283 | The 1-yr incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a population of the Piedmont and Aosta Valley area of Italy was recorded. |
| 4281 | 3556283 | Anti-virus antibodies (e.g., Coxsackie B1-6, mumps, cytomegalovirus), islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR were determined in 74 IDDM patients (38 males, 36 females) and in controls. |
| 4282 | 3556283 | ICA frequency was significantly higher in DR3/DR4 heterozygote patients than in patients without DR3 and DR4. |
| 4283 | 3556283 | The 1-yr incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a population of the Piedmont and Aosta Valley area of Italy was recorded. |
| 4284 | 3556283 | Anti-virus antibodies (e.g., Coxsackie B1-6, mumps, cytomegalovirus), islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR were determined in 74 IDDM patients (38 males, 36 females) and in controls. |
| 4285 | 3556283 | ICA frequency was significantly higher in DR3/DR4 heterozygote patients than in patients without DR3 and DR4. |
| 4286 | 3557875 | We have used a color-matching technique to obtain estimates of the optical density of cone photopigments as a function of retinal illuminance in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4287 | 3576882 | Five men (1%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 80 men (16%) had noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 55 men (11.1%) had newly diagnosed noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and 21 men (4.2%) had impaired glucose tolerance tests. |
| 4288 | 3578273 | In an effort to clarify the mode of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a total of 230 nuclear families with pointers were analyzed using the computer program COMBIN. |
| 4289 | 3582081 | We studied five groups, each with 20 subjects: nonpregnant and pregnant controls, nonpregnant and pregnant insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, and gestational diabetic patients. |
| 4290 | 3582081 | Our results showed that percent glycosylated albumin and percent glycosylated protein were significantly elevated in both groups of IDDM patients compared with the other groups. |
| 4291 | 3582081 | We studied five groups, each with 20 subjects: nonpregnant and pregnant controls, nonpregnant and pregnant insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, and gestational diabetic patients. |
| 4292 | 3582081 | Our results showed that percent glycosylated albumin and percent glycosylated protein were significantly elevated in both groups of IDDM patients compared with the other groups. |
| 4293 | 3585599 | To determine whether children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) might have exaggerated hormonal responses to hypoglycemia, the euglycemic-hypoglycemic glucose clamp procedure was used to provide a uniform hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose kept at 90 mg/dL for 2 hours, then reduced to 50 to 55 mg/dL for 1 hour) in children and adults with and without IDDM. |
| 4294 | 3594918 | Purified fish oil (MaxEpa, 10 g/day) treatment for six weeks increased consistently the content of eicosapentaenoic (20:5, n-3), docosapentaenoic (22:5, n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) and decreased that of arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6) and other n-6 polyunsaturated C-20 fatty acids (PUFA) of platelets both in insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) (n = 13) and healthy women (n = 7), but it had no effect on the number and aggregation of platelets or on plasma beta-thromboglobulin. |
| 4295 | 3595399 | Adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) face increasing responsibilities for managing their own treatment. |
| 4296 | 3595397 | Race and sex differences have been reported in the prevalence of complications from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4297 | 3598035 | Whereas in individuals who do not have diabetes, blood glucose levels vary little during exercise, the person with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may experience an increase in blood glucose, a modest decrease, or a marked decrease, which can result in hypoglycemia. |
| 4298 | 3598035 | Physical training improves glucose tolerance in individuals with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM); in persons with IDDM, it may diminish insulin requirements. |
| 4299 | 3598035 | Whereas in individuals who do not have diabetes, blood glucose levels vary little during exercise, the person with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may experience an increase in blood glucose, a modest decrease, or a marked decrease, which can result in hypoglycemia. |
| 4300 | 3598035 | Physical training improves glucose tolerance in individuals with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM); in persons with IDDM, it may diminish insulin requirements. |
| 4301 | 3609498 | The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in blood concentration patterns of ketone bodies and lactic acid, organic acids often elevated in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), could contribute to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) regardless of changes in circulating levels of glucose and insulin. |
| 4302 | 3609498 | Six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given a saline infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for 2 h, an acetoacetic acid infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for another 2 h, and then a saline infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4303 | 3609498 | Another six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given saline, lactic acid, and saline infusions at the same rates of infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4304 | 3609498 | The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in blood concentration patterns of ketone bodies and lactic acid, organic acids often elevated in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), could contribute to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) regardless of changes in circulating levels of glucose and insulin. |
| 4305 | 3609498 | Six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given a saline infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for 2 h, an acetoacetic acid infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for another 2 h, and then a saline infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4306 | 3609498 | Another six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given saline, lactic acid, and saline infusions at the same rates of infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4307 | 3609498 | The purpose of this study was to determine whether an increase in blood concentration patterns of ketone bodies and lactic acid, organic acids often elevated in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), could contribute to increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) regardless of changes in circulating levels of glucose and insulin. |
| 4308 | 3609498 | Six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given a saline infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for 2 h, an acetoacetic acid infusion (15 mumol.min-1.kg-1) for another 2 h, and then a saline infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4309 | 3609498 | Another six IDDM patients and six normal subjects were given saline, lactic acid, and saline infusions at the same rates of infusion after an overnight fast during euglycemic insulin-glucose clamp. |
| 4310 | 3611527 | To see whether relative differences in the glycemic responses to different foods were similar in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) we determined the glycemic index (GI) of a total of 20 foods and mixed test meals in groups of IDDM and NIDDM volunteers. |
| 4311 | 3616783 | This study reports a 22% prevalence of significant cortical osteopenia in 206 patients, aged 7-20 years, with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4312 | 3616783 | The data documented are consistent with the conclusion that IDDM results in intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium, absorptive hypercalciuria, phosphaturia, hypomagnesaemia, hyperphosphatasaemia, and decreased circulating parathyroid hormone levels. |
| 4313 | 3616783 | This study reports a 22% prevalence of significant cortical osteopenia in 206 patients, aged 7-20 years, with established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4314 | 3616783 | The data documented are consistent with the conclusion that IDDM results in intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium, absorptive hypercalciuria, phosphaturia, hypomagnesaemia, hyperphosphatasaemia, and decreased circulating parathyroid hormone levels. |
| 4315 | 3622196 | Recently, we demonstrated that spaghetti caused a significantly lower glycemic response in isoinsulinemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects than an exchangeable amount of potato. |
| 4316 | 3622196 | To answer this question, we evaluated blood glucose, free-insulin, and glucagon responses to exchangeable amounts of spaghetti and potato when ingested together with bolognese sauce in seven IDDM patients who had attained euglycemia with the artificial pancreas before meal intake. |
| 4317 | 3622196 | The approach by which the insulinemia was kept constant by the artificial pancreas seems to be a valuable tool for studying glycemic responses to different meals in IDDM patients who otherwise show great variations in circulating insulin and glucose levels when treated by subcutaneously administered insulin. |
| 4318 | 3622196 | Recently, we demonstrated that spaghetti caused a significantly lower glycemic response in isoinsulinemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects than an exchangeable amount of potato. |
| 4319 | 3622196 | To answer this question, we evaluated blood glucose, free-insulin, and glucagon responses to exchangeable amounts of spaghetti and potato when ingested together with bolognese sauce in seven IDDM patients who had attained euglycemia with the artificial pancreas before meal intake. |
| 4320 | 3622196 | The approach by which the insulinemia was kept constant by the artificial pancreas seems to be a valuable tool for studying glycemic responses to different meals in IDDM patients who otherwise show great variations in circulating insulin and glucose levels when treated by subcutaneously administered insulin. |
| 4321 | 3622196 | Recently, we demonstrated that spaghetti caused a significantly lower glycemic response in isoinsulinemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects than an exchangeable amount of potato. |
| 4322 | 3622196 | To answer this question, we evaluated blood glucose, free-insulin, and glucagon responses to exchangeable amounts of spaghetti and potato when ingested together with bolognese sauce in seven IDDM patients who had attained euglycemia with the artificial pancreas before meal intake. |
| 4323 | 3622196 | The approach by which the insulinemia was kept constant by the artificial pancreas seems to be a valuable tool for studying glycemic responses to different meals in IDDM patients who otherwise show great variations in circulating insulin and glucose levels when treated by subcutaneously administered insulin. |
| 4324 | 3622206 | After adjustment for age and body mass index, only the waist/thighs ratio was found to have an independent discriminating value between insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 4325 | 3622224 | We report a woman with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) subsequent to Graves' disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4326 | 3631074 | Analyses of data on pairwise combinations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD), and insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggest that (a) IDDM is predisposed by two HLA-linked alleles, one of which also predisposes to ATD, (b) one of the IDDM alleles also confers susceptibility to RA, and (c) although the HLA-linked susceptibilities to RA and ATD appear to be primarily due to distinct alleles, the ATD allele may also have a minor role in predisposition to RA. |
| 4327 | 3632266 | The epidemiologic study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has provided evidence for both a genetic and an environmental component in the etiology of the disease. |
| 4328 | 3639057 | The HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR antigens and the complement factors C2, C4 and Bf were determined in 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 30 healthy controls from northern Sweden. |
| 4329 | 3639057 | Phenotype studies revealed significant associations between IDDM and HLA-DR4 (p less than 0.001), HLA-DR3 (p less than 0.05), HLA-DR3/4 (p less than 0.025), C4-B3 (p less than 0.001) and Bf-S (p less than 0.025). |
| 4330 | 3639057 | This haplotype was found in 10 out of 30 IDDM probands but in none of 30 control children and accounts for practically all the C4-B3 allotypes among the 30 IDDM probands. |
| 4331 | 3639057 | The C4-B3 gene therefore seems to be a valuable marker for IDDM. |
| 4332 | 3639057 | The HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR antigens and the complement factors C2, C4 and Bf were determined in 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 30 healthy controls from northern Sweden. |
| 4333 | 3639057 | Phenotype studies revealed significant associations between IDDM and HLA-DR4 (p less than 0.001), HLA-DR3 (p less than 0.05), HLA-DR3/4 (p less than 0.025), C4-B3 (p less than 0.001) and Bf-S (p less than 0.025). |
| 4334 | 3639057 | This haplotype was found in 10 out of 30 IDDM probands but in none of 30 control children and accounts for practically all the C4-B3 allotypes among the 30 IDDM probands. |
| 4335 | 3639057 | The C4-B3 gene therefore seems to be a valuable marker for IDDM. |
| 4336 | 3639057 | The HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR antigens and the complement factors C2, C4 and Bf were determined in 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 30 healthy controls from northern Sweden. |
| 4337 | 3639057 | Phenotype studies revealed significant associations between IDDM and HLA-DR4 (p less than 0.001), HLA-DR3 (p less than 0.05), HLA-DR3/4 (p less than 0.025), C4-B3 (p less than 0.001) and Bf-S (p less than 0.025). |
| 4338 | 3639057 | This haplotype was found in 10 out of 30 IDDM probands but in none of 30 control children and accounts for practically all the C4-B3 allotypes among the 30 IDDM probands. |
| 4339 | 3639057 | The C4-B3 gene therefore seems to be a valuable marker for IDDM. |
| 4340 | 3639057 | The HLA-A,-B,-C,-DR antigens and the complement factors C2, C4 and Bf were determined in 30 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 30 healthy controls from northern Sweden. |
| 4341 | 3639057 | Phenotype studies revealed significant associations between IDDM and HLA-DR4 (p less than 0.001), HLA-DR3 (p less than 0.05), HLA-DR3/4 (p less than 0.025), C4-B3 (p less than 0.001) and Bf-S (p less than 0.025). |
| 4342 | 3639057 | This haplotype was found in 10 out of 30 IDDM probands but in none of 30 control children and accounts for practically all the C4-B3 allotypes among the 30 IDDM probands. |
| 4343 | 3639057 | The C4-B3 gene therefore seems to be a valuable marker for IDDM. |
| 4344 | 3652616 | We have reported that sera from a majority of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) inhibit insulin-stimulated lipogenesis (3-3H-glucose conversion to 3H-lipid) in rat adipocytes to a greater extent than control sera or sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4345 | 3652616 | Size exclusion chromatography of acid/ethanol extracts of sera on a Bio-Rad P2 column revealed the presence of a Mr 300-400 inhibitor of insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in 32 (70%) of 46 NIDDM sera but not in 9 IDDM or 12 control sera. |
| 4346 | 3652616 | We have reported that sera from a majority of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) inhibit insulin-stimulated lipogenesis (3-3H-glucose conversion to 3H-lipid) in rat adipocytes to a greater extent than control sera or sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4347 | 3652616 | Size exclusion chromatography of acid/ethanol extracts of sera on a Bio-Rad P2 column revealed the presence of a Mr 300-400 inhibitor of insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in 32 (70%) of 46 NIDDM sera but not in 9 IDDM or 12 control sera. |
| 4348 | 3652619 | This seasonal incidence was quite similar to that observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 4349 | 3661147 | In 1975 a prospective longitudinal study of 63 non-pubescent children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was started in order to study the development of retinopathy. |
| 4350 | 3666048 | Increasingly, experimental results are underlining the role played by autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4351 | 3666050 | In order to assess interaction between HLA and Gm for susceptibility to IDDM, the families of 155 IDDM probands were typed for HLA class I, II, III antigens and 16 Gm allotypes (including G2m23). |
| 4352 | 3666050 | This result suggests, that in spite of the absence of segregation distortion, interaction between Gm and HLA gene products may play a role in the familial penetrance of IDDM. |
| 4353 | 3666050 | In order to assess interaction between HLA and Gm for susceptibility to IDDM, the families of 155 IDDM probands were typed for HLA class I, II, III antigens and 16 Gm allotypes (including G2m23). |
| 4354 | 3666050 | This result suggests, that in spite of the absence of segregation distortion, interaction between Gm and HLA gene products may play a role in the familial penetrance of IDDM. |
| 4355 | 3666052 | Serum activities of complement-dependent antibody mediated cytotoxicity (C'AMC) were determined in 36 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4356 | 3666060 | 36 months continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM)--influence on early stages of retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy--psychological analysis. |
| 4357 | 3677977 | We assessed the factors influencing the birth weight of infants born to 83 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) over a 5-yr period. |
| 4358 | 3677977 | Maternal glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) concentrations at delivery correlated with the percentile birth-weight ratios (r = .43, P less than .001) and indicated that approximately 18% of variance in the birth weight could be ascribed to glycemic control in the third trimester. |
| 4359 | 3677980 | To evaluate this, we compared the frequency and severity of oral Candida colonization in 60 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) admitted to a low-intensity-care diabetes unit with those in 57 age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 4360 | 3684449 | Taking into consideration the possible causes of these differences, it is suggested that the hGH reserve depends primarily on the metabolic condition of the patients, while the type of diabetes (IDDM or NIDDY) and the insulin therapy used may also be important contributing factors. |
| 4361 | 3687322 | Sixty out of 63 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed during pregnancy in the Diabetes Centre at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, were re-examined 2-16 years after diagnosis. |
| 4362 | 3691301 | Family interaction was assessed in 30 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of at least 2 years' duration using video-tapes of standardised family tasks. |
| 4363 | 3698784 | The Diabetes Family Behavior Checklist (DFBC) was administered to 54 adults and 18 adolescents (less than 19 yr of age) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4364 | 3698778 | Use of beef ultralente for basal insulin delivery: plasma insulin concentrations after chronic ultralente administration in patients with IDDM. |
| 4365 | 3700884 | We assessed the magnesium status in 67 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in various degrees of diabetic control and its changes during the evolution of the disease. |
| 4366 | 3704498 | Investigations were carried out in Bucharest in 102 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in order to verify the possible existence of a relationship between the HLA system and the level of insulin antibodies. |
| 4367 | 3708229 | Twenty-nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were identified as having cheiroarthropathy. |
| 4368 | 3708230 | Forty-nine had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 60 had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 4369 | 3708906 | The spontaneous development of the putative autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in BB rats was not affected by the following factors: (a) sex, (b) gonadectomy, (c) administration of testosterone decanoate, 11 alpha-hydroxynandrolone decanoate, ethinyloestradiol or Org OD14 (tibolone). |
| 4370 | 3715379 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were measured in 27 patients with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) before and after an oral glucose load of 1.1 g glucose/kg body wt. |
| 4371 | 3720367 | Sixty-five insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients at the Steno-Memorial Hospital entered the present study. |
| 4372 | 3721066 | Relationships between growth factors (somatomedin-C and growth hormone) and body development, metabolic control, and retinal changes in children and adolescents with IDDM. |
| 4373 | 3731991 | Twenty-five adolescent campers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) completed a Symptom Rating Checklist and estimated their blood glucose (BG) immediately before having their BG assessed four times daily for 11 days. |
| 4374 | 3734035 | Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels in adult diabetic patients: the effect of age. |
| 4375 | 3734035 | Despite reports of reduced serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels in experimentally diabetic animals, human diabetic patients have been reported to have decreased, normal, or even elevated levels. |
| 4376 | 3734035 | This study was a cross-sectional examination of the effect of age on immunoreactive IGF-I levels in adult patients with insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) attending a diabetes out-patient clinic. |
| 4377 | 3734035 | For all ages combined, the mean IGF-I level (+/- SD) was 0.84 +/- 0.26 U/ml (202 +/- 62 ng/ml) in 133 normal subjects, significantly reduced to 0.41 +/- 0.17 U/ml in 121 IDDM patients, and 0.49 +/- 0.19 U/ml in 46 NIDDM patients (both P less than 0.001). |
| 4378 | 3734035 | Except for NIDDM patients aged 21-30 yr (only two patients), IGF-I levels in both IDDM and NIDDM patients were significantly lower in every age range than those in age-matched normal subjects, but did not differ between the two diabetic groups. |
| 4379 | 3734035 | Glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated inversely with IGF-I levels only in younger patients with IDDM (r = -0.486; P less than 0.05 for patients aged 21-40 yr). |
| 4380 | 3734035 | We conclude that factors common to IDDM and NIDDM, perhaps related to relative nutritional deficiency at the cellular level, cause a reduction in serum IGF-I levels, and that this reduction occurs independently of age-related changes in IGF-I. |
| 4381 | 3734035 | Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels in adult diabetic patients: the effect of age. |
| 4382 | 3734035 | Despite reports of reduced serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels in experimentally diabetic animals, human diabetic patients have been reported to have decreased, normal, or even elevated levels. |
| 4383 | 3734035 | This study was a cross-sectional examination of the effect of age on immunoreactive IGF-I levels in adult patients with insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) attending a diabetes out-patient clinic. |
| 4384 | 3734035 | For all ages combined, the mean IGF-I level (+/- SD) was 0.84 +/- 0.26 U/ml (202 +/- 62 ng/ml) in 133 normal subjects, significantly reduced to 0.41 +/- 0.17 U/ml in 121 IDDM patients, and 0.49 +/- 0.19 U/ml in 46 NIDDM patients (both P less than 0.001). |
| 4385 | 3734035 | Except for NIDDM patients aged 21-30 yr (only two patients), IGF-I levels in both IDDM and NIDDM patients were significantly lower in every age range than those in age-matched normal subjects, but did not differ between the two diabetic groups. |
| 4386 | 3734035 | Glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated inversely with IGF-I levels only in younger patients with IDDM (r = -0.486; P less than 0.05 for patients aged 21-40 yr). |
| 4387 | 3734035 | We conclude that factors common to IDDM and NIDDM, perhaps related to relative nutritional deficiency at the cellular level, cause a reduction in serum IGF-I levels, and that this reduction occurs independently of age-related changes in IGF-I. |
| 4388 | 3734035 | Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels in adult diabetic patients: the effect of age. |
| 4389 | 3734035 | Despite reports of reduced serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels in experimentally diabetic animals, human diabetic patients have been reported to have decreased, normal, or even elevated levels. |
| 4390 | 3734035 | This study was a cross-sectional examination of the effect of age on immunoreactive IGF-I levels in adult patients with insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) attending a diabetes out-patient clinic. |
| 4391 | 3734035 | For all ages combined, the mean IGF-I level (+/- SD) was 0.84 +/- 0.26 U/ml (202 +/- 62 ng/ml) in 133 normal subjects, significantly reduced to 0.41 +/- 0.17 U/ml in 121 IDDM patients, and 0.49 +/- 0.19 U/ml in 46 NIDDM patients (both P less than 0.001). |
| 4392 | 3734035 | Except for NIDDM patients aged 21-30 yr (only two patients), IGF-I levels in both IDDM and NIDDM patients were significantly lower in every age range than those in age-matched normal subjects, but did not differ between the two diabetic groups. |
| 4393 | 3734035 | Glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated inversely with IGF-I levels only in younger patients with IDDM (r = -0.486; P less than 0.05 for patients aged 21-40 yr). |
| 4394 | 3734035 | We conclude that factors common to IDDM and NIDDM, perhaps related to relative nutritional deficiency at the cellular level, cause a reduction in serum IGF-I levels, and that this reduction occurs independently of age-related changes in IGF-I. |
| 4395 | 3734035 | Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels in adult diabetic patients: the effect of age. |
| 4396 | 3734035 | Despite reports of reduced serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels in experimentally diabetic animals, human diabetic patients have been reported to have decreased, normal, or even elevated levels. |
| 4397 | 3734035 | This study was a cross-sectional examination of the effect of age on immunoreactive IGF-I levels in adult patients with insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) attending a diabetes out-patient clinic. |
| 4398 | 3734035 | For all ages combined, the mean IGF-I level (+/- SD) was 0.84 +/- 0.26 U/ml (202 +/- 62 ng/ml) in 133 normal subjects, significantly reduced to 0.41 +/- 0.17 U/ml in 121 IDDM patients, and 0.49 +/- 0.19 U/ml in 46 NIDDM patients (both P less than 0.001). |
| 4399 | 3734035 | Except for NIDDM patients aged 21-30 yr (only two patients), IGF-I levels in both IDDM and NIDDM patients were significantly lower in every age range than those in age-matched normal subjects, but did not differ between the two diabetic groups. |
| 4400 | 3734035 | Glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated inversely with IGF-I levels only in younger patients with IDDM (r = -0.486; P less than 0.05 for patients aged 21-40 yr). |
| 4401 | 3734035 | We conclude that factors common to IDDM and NIDDM, perhaps related to relative nutritional deficiency at the cellular level, cause a reduction in serum IGF-I levels, and that this reduction occurs independently of age-related changes in IGF-I. |
| 4402 | 3734035 | Serum insulin-like growth factor I levels in adult diabetic patients: the effect of age. |
| 4403 | 3734035 | Despite reports of reduced serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) levels in experimentally diabetic animals, human diabetic patients have been reported to have decreased, normal, or even elevated levels. |
| 4404 | 3734035 | This study was a cross-sectional examination of the effect of age on immunoreactive IGF-I levels in adult patients with insulin-dependent or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) attending a diabetes out-patient clinic. |
| 4405 | 3734035 | For all ages combined, the mean IGF-I level (+/- SD) was 0.84 +/- 0.26 U/ml (202 +/- 62 ng/ml) in 133 normal subjects, significantly reduced to 0.41 +/- 0.17 U/ml in 121 IDDM patients, and 0.49 +/- 0.19 U/ml in 46 NIDDM patients (both P less than 0.001). |
| 4406 | 3734035 | Except for NIDDM patients aged 21-30 yr (only two patients), IGF-I levels in both IDDM and NIDDM patients were significantly lower in every age range than those in age-matched normal subjects, but did not differ between the two diabetic groups. |
| 4407 | 3734035 | Glycosylated hemoglobin levels correlated inversely with IGF-I levels only in younger patients with IDDM (r = -0.486; P less than 0.05 for patients aged 21-40 yr). |
| 4408 | 3734035 | We conclude that factors common to IDDM and NIDDM, perhaps related to relative nutritional deficiency at the cellular level, cause a reduction in serum IGF-I levels, and that this reduction occurs independently of age-related changes in IGF-I. |
| 4409 | 3743307 | Children with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were compared with a sample of children with a recent acute medical problem. |
| 4410 | 3743312 | Comparative clinical reliability of fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4411 | 3743312 | We determined FPG and GHb concurrently on three separate occasions spanning 4 wk in 41 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and, for contrast, 5 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4412 | 3743359 | Subcutaneous oxygen tension (tissue PO2) was measured by a polarographic method in the legs of insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) and controls. |
| 4413 | 3756314 | In IDDM without nephropathy a significant positive correlation was found between plasma zinc and plasma glucose, albumin, branched chain amino acids and glutamine, while in NIDDM without nephropathy a significant positive correlation exists between plasma zinc and the amino acids glutamine, valine, histidine and lysine. |
| 4414 | 3769715 | This study was undertaken to examine the possible relationships between muscle capillary basement membrane width (CBMW) and glycemic control, bone age, chronologic age, and duration of diabetes in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during different stages of pubertal development. |
| 4415 | 3769715 | We studied 49 males and 43 females (age, 7-20 yr) with IDDM for up to 16 yr for whom bone age and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) data were available at the time of right quadriceps muscle biopsy. |
| 4416 | 3769715 | This study was undertaken to examine the possible relationships between muscle capillary basement membrane width (CBMW) and glycemic control, bone age, chronologic age, and duration of diabetes in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during different stages of pubertal development. |
| 4417 | 3769715 | We studied 49 males and 43 females (age, 7-20 yr) with IDDM for up to 16 yr for whom bone age and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) data were available at the time of right quadriceps muscle biopsy. |
| 4418 | 3769718 | ATT39 factor scores, in 134 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 166 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, were correlated with scores on the Cattell 16 personality factor questionnaire and the locus of control of behavior scale (LCB). |
| 4419 | 3769717 | Psychologic adjustment, assessed by self-ratings of anxiety, self-esteem, and depression, and cognitive as well as behavioral coping strategies, elicited by interview, were monitored longitudinally among school-age children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4420 | 3769717 | The diagnosis of IDDM created minimal emotional upheaval (which faded within 6 mo), despite this cohort's consistent report that the diet, insulin injections, and urine tests were difficult. |
| 4421 | 3769717 | Psychologic adjustment, assessed by self-ratings of anxiety, self-esteem, and depression, and cognitive as well as behavioral coping strategies, elicited by interview, were monitored longitudinally among school-age children with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4422 | 3769717 | The diagnosis of IDDM created minimal emotional upheaval (which faded within 6 mo), despite this cohort's consistent report that the diet, insulin injections, and urine tests were difficult. |
| 4423 | 3770311 | When matched on these important time-related variables, the overall prevalences of complications for insulin-dependent (IDDM) compared with non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients were essentially the same. |
| 4424 | 3774753 | Using the HLA-DR4 association with two distinct diseases, IDDM and JRA, as a model, we can conclude the following: There are at least seven distinct haplotypes which share the HLA DR4 specificity; these haplotypes include six alleles at the DR-beta genetic locus. |
| 4425 | 3774753 | DR4+ IDDM is most closely associated with the DQ 3.2 allele at DQ-beta; DR4+ JRA, on the other hand, appears to be highly associated with rare alleles at DR-beta, but not DQ. |
| 4426 | 3774753 | Using the HLA-DR4 association with two distinct diseases, IDDM and JRA, as a model, we can conclude the following: There are at least seven distinct haplotypes which share the HLA DR4 specificity; these haplotypes include six alleles at the DR-beta genetic locus. |
| 4427 | 3774753 | DR4+ IDDM is most closely associated with the DQ 3.2 allele at DQ-beta; DR4+ JRA, on the other hand, appears to be highly associated with rare alleles at DR-beta, but not DQ. |
| 4428 | 3776515 | Auditory Brainstem Evoked Potentials (ABEP) were recorded from 33 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (17 with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and 16 without) as well as from 20 normals. |
| 4429 | 3788976 | In a recent study of GM allotype frequencies in HLA-defined subsets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and similarly defined healthy sibling controls, we found evidence for an HLA-dependent GM effect on IDDM susceptibility. |
| 4430 | 3792661 | There is no information concerning the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in eastern Europe. |
| 4431 | 3802496 | Biological intra-individual variation in concentrations of 16 clinical biochemical analytes in serum was estimated for 27 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and results were compared with those for apparently healthy individuals. |
| 4432 | 3802496 | The ratio of the average intra-individual variation in IDDM patients to that in normal subjects exceeded 2.0 for Na+, K+, creatinine, and alpha-amylase; 1.50 to 2.0 for Cl-, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, and hemoglobin; and 1.2 to 1.5 for urea, uric acid, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase. |
| 4433 | 3802496 | Average intra-individual variations were greater for women than for men for Na+, total protein, albumin, and hemoglobin. |
| 4434 | 3802496 | Biological intra-individual variation in concentrations of 16 clinical biochemical analytes in serum was estimated for 27 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and results were compared with those for apparently healthy individuals. |
| 4435 | 3802496 | The ratio of the average intra-individual variation in IDDM patients to that in normal subjects exceeded 2.0 for Na+, K+, creatinine, and alpha-amylase; 1.50 to 2.0 for Cl-, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, and hemoglobin; and 1.2 to 1.5 for urea, uric acid, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and aspartate aminotransferase. |
| 4436 | 3802496 | Average intra-individual variations were greater for women than for men for Na+, total protein, albumin, and hemoglobin. |
| 4437 | 3803736 | Seasonality in the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), i.e., increased incidence in winter, was the impetus for this study of seasonality in glycosylated hemoglobin levels in nondiabetics. |
| 4438 | 3803736 | IDDM is caused by the gradual destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing cells via lymphocytic infiltration--a process that may occur over years. |
| 4439 | 3803736 | We conclude that a decreased carbohydrate tolerance associated with winter can explain the seasonal variation in the incidence of IDDM and that this seasonality is caused by the precipitation of overt carbohydrate intolerance in individuals with already seriously compromised insulin secretory capacity. |
| 4440 | 3803736 | Seasonality in the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), i.e., increased incidence in winter, was the impetus for this study of seasonality in glycosylated hemoglobin levels in nondiabetics. |
| 4441 | 3803736 | IDDM is caused by the gradual destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing cells via lymphocytic infiltration--a process that may occur over years. |
| 4442 | 3803736 | We conclude that a decreased carbohydrate tolerance associated with winter can explain the seasonal variation in the incidence of IDDM and that this seasonality is caused by the precipitation of overt carbohydrate intolerance in individuals with already seriously compromised insulin secretory capacity. |
| 4443 | 3803736 | Seasonality in the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), i.e., increased incidence in winter, was the impetus for this study of seasonality in glycosylated hemoglobin levels in nondiabetics. |
| 4444 | 3803736 | IDDM is caused by the gradual destruction of the pancreatic insulin-producing cells via lymphocytic infiltration--a process that may occur over years. |
| 4445 | 3803736 | We conclude that a decreased carbohydrate tolerance associated with winter can explain the seasonal variation in the incidence of IDDM and that this seasonality is caused by the precipitation of overt carbohydrate intolerance in individuals with already seriously compromised insulin secretory capacity. |
| 4446 | 3803740 | Spirometry was performed on 88 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 216 healthy controls living in Sheffield. |
| 4447 | 3816042 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) was evaluated as a function of time of follow-up among the 371 siblings of 193 diabetic children using actuarial methods and comparisons were carried out according to HLA genotype, sex, age and birth order. |
| 4448 | 3817302 | Insulin and insulin-receptor autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed IDDM before insulin therapy. |
| 4449 | 3817302 | Twenty-nine children, aged 1-15 yr, with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had sera taken before insulin therapy to be examined for the presence of insulin-receptor antibodies by measuring the inhibition of binding of radiolabeled insulin to IM-9 lymphocytes in both whole serum and purified IgG fractions. |
| 4450 | 3817302 | Insulin-receptor antibodies and insulin autoantibodies may play a currently undefined pathophysiologic role in the development of IDDM. |
| 4451 | 3817302 | Insulin and insulin-receptor autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed IDDM before insulin therapy. |
| 4452 | 3817302 | Twenty-nine children, aged 1-15 yr, with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had sera taken before insulin therapy to be examined for the presence of insulin-receptor antibodies by measuring the inhibition of binding of radiolabeled insulin to IM-9 lymphocytes in both whole serum and purified IgG fractions. |
| 4453 | 3817302 | Insulin-receptor antibodies and insulin autoantibodies may play a currently undefined pathophysiologic role in the development of IDDM. |
| 4454 | 3817302 | Insulin and insulin-receptor autoantibodies in children with newly diagnosed IDDM before insulin therapy. |
| 4455 | 3817302 | Twenty-nine children, aged 1-15 yr, with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had sera taken before insulin therapy to be examined for the presence of insulin-receptor antibodies by measuring the inhibition of binding of radiolabeled insulin to IM-9 lymphocytes in both whole serum and purified IgG fractions. |
| 4456 | 3817302 | Insulin-receptor antibodies and insulin autoantibodies may play a currently undefined pathophysiologic role in the development of IDDM. |
| 4457 | 3817304 | Alteration of phenytoin binding by glycosylation of albumin in IDDM. |
| 4458 | 3817304 | We measured glycosylated albumin and hemoglobin and serum protein binding of phenytoin in 57 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4459 | 3817304 | Alteration of phenytoin binding by glycosylation of albumin in IDDM. |
| 4460 | 3817304 | We measured glycosylated albumin and hemoglobin and serum protein binding of phenytoin in 57 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4461 | 3818892 | The significance of impaired pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4462 | 3818892 | The impaired epinephrine and glucagon responses to hypoglycemia often found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be due to autonomic neuropathy. |
| 4463 | 3818892 | Since the pancreatic polypeptide response to hypoglycemia is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms, we used this response as an indicator of autonomic neuropathy to determine whether deficient epinephrine and glucagon responses in IDDM could be ascribed to an autonomic defect. |
| 4464 | 3818892 | The relationships between pancreatic polypeptide, epinephrine, and glucagon responses during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were assessed in 18 patients with IDDM who had no overt evidence of autonomic neuropathy, including normal standard cardiovascular reflex tests, and 11 age-matched nondiabetic subjects. |
| 4465 | 3818892 | Thus, the responses of plasma pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia may be a useful test for the identification of early autonomic neuropathy in IDDM. |
| 4466 | 3818892 | The significance of impaired pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4467 | 3818892 | The impaired epinephrine and glucagon responses to hypoglycemia often found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be due to autonomic neuropathy. |
| 4468 | 3818892 | Since the pancreatic polypeptide response to hypoglycemia is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms, we used this response as an indicator of autonomic neuropathy to determine whether deficient epinephrine and glucagon responses in IDDM could be ascribed to an autonomic defect. |
| 4469 | 3818892 | The relationships between pancreatic polypeptide, epinephrine, and glucagon responses during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were assessed in 18 patients with IDDM who had no overt evidence of autonomic neuropathy, including normal standard cardiovascular reflex tests, and 11 age-matched nondiabetic subjects. |
| 4470 | 3818892 | Thus, the responses of plasma pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia may be a useful test for the identification of early autonomic neuropathy in IDDM. |
| 4471 | 3818892 | The significance of impaired pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4472 | 3818892 | The impaired epinephrine and glucagon responses to hypoglycemia often found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be due to autonomic neuropathy. |
| 4473 | 3818892 | Since the pancreatic polypeptide response to hypoglycemia is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms, we used this response as an indicator of autonomic neuropathy to determine whether deficient epinephrine and glucagon responses in IDDM could be ascribed to an autonomic defect. |
| 4474 | 3818892 | The relationships between pancreatic polypeptide, epinephrine, and glucagon responses during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were assessed in 18 patients with IDDM who had no overt evidence of autonomic neuropathy, including normal standard cardiovascular reflex tests, and 11 age-matched nondiabetic subjects. |
| 4475 | 3818892 | Thus, the responses of plasma pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia may be a useful test for the identification of early autonomic neuropathy in IDDM. |
| 4476 | 3818892 | The significance of impaired pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine responses to hypoglycemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4477 | 3818892 | The impaired epinephrine and glucagon responses to hypoglycemia often found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be due to autonomic neuropathy. |
| 4478 | 3818892 | Since the pancreatic polypeptide response to hypoglycemia is mediated by cholinergic mechanisms, we used this response as an indicator of autonomic neuropathy to determine whether deficient epinephrine and glucagon responses in IDDM could be ascribed to an autonomic defect. |
| 4479 | 3818892 | The relationships between pancreatic polypeptide, epinephrine, and glucagon responses during insulin-induced hypoglycemia were assessed in 18 patients with IDDM who had no overt evidence of autonomic neuropathy, including normal standard cardiovascular reflex tests, and 11 age-matched nondiabetic subjects. |
| 4480 | 3818892 | Thus, the responses of plasma pancreatic polypeptide and epinephrine to insulin-induced hypoglycemia may be a useful test for the identification of early autonomic neuropathy in IDDM. |
| 4481 | 3825934 | The risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and its determinants were investigated in a cohort of 292 patients with juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were followed for 20 to 40 years. |
| 4482 | 3834950 | EC obtained from the umbilical veins of infants of poorly controlled insulin dependent diabetic mothers (IDDM) showed similar patterns of retraction. |
| 4483 | 3856383 | Much debate has taken place over the mode(s) of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the possibility of etiological heterogeneity. |
| 4484 | 3856383 | We have analyzed the disease status (IDDM) and genetic marker (HLA-A/B haplotype) data from 61 multiple-case IDDM families ascertained through two registries in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, area. |
| 4485 | 3856383 | Families with a parent and siblings affected (N = 6) showed evidence against close linkage between HLA-B and IDDM for some models. |
| 4486 | 3856383 | Much debate has taken place over the mode(s) of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the possibility of etiological heterogeneity. |
| 4487 | 3856383 | We have analyzed the disease status (IDDM) and genetic marker (HLA-A/B haplotype) data from 61 multiple-case IDDM families ascertained through two registries in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, area. |
| 4488 | 3856383 | Families with a parent and siblings affected (N = 6) showed evidence against close linkage between HLA-B and IDDM for some models. |
| 4489 | 3856383 | Much debate has taken place over the mode(s) of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the possibility of etiological heterogeneity. |
| 4490 | 3856383 | We have analyzed the disease status (IDDM) and genetic marker (HLA-A/B haplotype) data from 61 multiple-case IDDM families ascertained through two registries in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, area. |
| 4491 | 3856383 | Families with a parent and siblings affected (N = 6) showed evidence against close linkage between HLA-B and IDDM for some models. |
| 4492 | 3858281 | To determine if renal functional alterations in diabetes mellitus could be related to disturbances of vasoactive systems, renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), PRA (basal and stimulated), plasma catecholamine levels, and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and kallikrein were determined in 21 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of short duration and 15 normal subjects. |
| 4493 | 3858281 | The results suggest that in IDDM, there may be an imbalance between the degree of activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems and the renal production of PGs. |
| 4494 | 3858281 | To determine if renal functional alterations in diabetes mellitus could be related to disturbances of vasoactive systems, renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), PRA (basal and stimulated), plasma catecholamine levels, and urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and kallikrein were determined in 21 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of short duration and 15 normal subjects. |
| 4495 | 3858281 | The results suggest that in IDDM, there may be an imbalance between the degree of activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems and the renal production of PGs. |
| 4496 | 3863753 | The epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland and in northern Europe. |
| 4497 | 3863777 | We report a combined segregation and linkage analysis of a Danish sample of 216 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) nuclear families: of these 216, twenty multiplex families were haplotyped regarding HLA-DR and -B markers. |
| 4498 | 3863777 | Particularly strong, positive haplotype associations were found for the DR3,B8, DR3,B18, and DR4,B15 haplotypes, but detailed analyses showed that neither these particular haplotypes nor the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes in general could entirely explain the HLA-associated susceptibility. |
| 4499 | 3864705 | The descriptive epidemiology of diabetic coma at onset was investigated in a nationwide survey of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children (age at onset less than 18 yr) throughout Japan for the years 1970-81. |
| 4500 | 3865485 | No effect of the compound was seen in MRL lpr/lpr mice (lupus glomerulonephritis, lymphoproliferative disease) and in BB rats (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IDDM). |
| 4501 | 3865895 | 107 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA A, B, C-, and DR antigens, and for complement C4A, C4B, and Bf alleles, and the results were compared with those of a combined reference group of 332 appropriately matched healthy subjects. |
| 4502 | 3865895 | Supratypes (allelic combinations) were identified from the phenotype of each group, and it was shown that the frequency of several supratypes is increased in patients with IDDM, in particular supratypes (A1 Cw7) B8 C4AQ0 C4B1 BfS DR3 (P = 0.0001), (A30 Cw-) B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3 (P = 0.0003), (A2 Cw3) B62 C4AR C4B2.9 BfS DR4 (P = 0.0002), and three other supratypes including DR4. |
| 4503 | 3865895 | The absolute risk of IDDM was approximately 0.5 in subjects who were homozygous for B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3. |
| 4504 | 3865895 | 107 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA A, B, C-, and DR antigens, and for complement C4A, C4B, and Bf alleles, and the results were compared with those of a combined reference group of 332 appropriately matched healthy subjects. |
| 4505 | 3865895 | Supratypes (allelic combinations) were identified from the phenotype of each group, and it was shown that the frequency of several supratypes is increased in patients with IDDM, in particular supratypes (A1 Cw7) B8 C4AQ0 C4B1 BfS DR3 (P = 0.0001), (A30 Cw-) B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3 (P = 0.0003), (A2 Cw3) B62 C4AR C4B2.9 BfS DR4 (P = 0.0002), and three other supratypes including DR4. |
| 4506 | 3865895 | The absolute risk of IDDM was approximately 0.5 in subjects who were homozygous for B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3. |
| 4507 | 3865895 | 107 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA A, B, C-, and DR antigens, and for complement C4A, C4B, and Bf alleles, and the results were compared with those of a combined reference group of 332 appropriately matched healthy subjects. |
| 4508 | 3865895 | Supratypes (allelic combinations) were identified from the phenotype of each group, and it was shown that the frequency of several supratypes is increased in patients with IDDM, in particular supratypes (A1 Cw7) B8 C4AQ0 C4B1 BfS DR3 (P = 0.0001), (A30 Cw-) B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3 (P = 0.0003), (A2 Cw3) B62 C4AR C4B2.9 BfS DR4 (P = 0.0002), and three other supratypes including DR4. |
| 4509 | 3865895 | The absolute risk of IDDM was approximately 0.5 in subjects who were homozygous for B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3. |
| 4510 | 3867801 | Intervention in nephropathy due to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4511 | 3873328 | Altogether 281 patients were classified as having insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 2713 as having non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes. |
| 4512 | 3876054 | We studied the distribution of HLA-DR and MT1, MT2, MT3 genotypes in 23 Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4513 | 3879724 | A series of diabetic patients from 3 centres in South India have been tested for HLA A, HLA B, BF, C2, C4A, C4B and GLO types. |
| 4514 | 3879724 | For insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients there was a significant increase in HLA B8, of BF F and decrease of C4 A6. |
| 4515 | 3879724 | No significant variation in HLA, BF, C2 or GLO frequencies was found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, but there was a significant decrease in C4B 1 and an increase in C4B 2. |
| 4516 | 3881092 | In an 11-year study of experimental insulin-deficient diabetes (IDDM) induced in rhesus monkeys by streptozotocin or total pancreatectomy, the authors have found that pathophysiologic changes occur in eye and kidney, which closely resemble the early stages of human insulin deficient diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4517 | 3881092 | This animal model resembles human disease in that the animals tend to become ketotic unless maintained with exogenous insulin; C-peptide production is low to absent, and large amounts of glycosylated hemoglobin develop within a month of onset. |
| 4518 | 3881304 | To determine the impact of insulin-binding antibodies on total (TIRI) and free insulin (FIRI) as well as on insulin sensitivity, 10 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) with poststimulatory C-peptide less than 100 pmol/L and an insulin binding capacity (IBC) between less than 1 and 294 micrograms/L serum were studied during and after a 1-h nonprimed, constant-rate insulin infusion (study 1: 0.057 U/kg body wt, study 2: 0.286 U/kg body wt). |
| 4519 | 3882368 | We report a double-crossover study to assess the impact of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on the glycemic control of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on a conventional therapeutic regimen. |
| 4520 | 3886460 | Louis) to determine geno-types at the insulin locus in 313 unrelated American Blacks (132 nondiabetic, 27 with IDDM, and 154 with NIDDM). |
| 4521 | 3886464 | The tendency of insulin in high concentrations to self-associate and the widespread presence of insulin-degrading enzymes suggest that fragments and/or aggregates of insulin may circulate in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) individuals. |
| 4522 | 3886464 | IRI harvested from the blood of 12 C-peptide-negative IDDMs, using a variety of insulin preparations, also separated into 6000 (80.5 +/- 3.9%) and 9000-12,000 (19.5 +/- 3.9%) mol wt material. |
| 4523 | 3886464 | The tendency of insulin in high concentrations to self-associate and the widespread presence of insulin-degrading enzymes suggest that fragments and/or aggregates of insulin may circulate in normal and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) individuals. |
| 4524 | 3886464 | IRI harvested from the blood of 12 C-peptide-negative IDDMs, using a variety of insulin preparations, also separated into 6000 (80.5 +/- 3.9%) and 9000-12,000 (19.5 +/- 3.9%) mol wt material. |
| 4525 | 3888735 | Only three patients developed insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and did so before the ICA study was started. |
| 4526 | 3890104 | An increased incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been reported in patients with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). |
| 4527 | 3891465 | The present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of sodium salicylate on the counterregulatory glucagon response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in both insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) and normal controls. |
| 4528 | 3891465 | The IDDM group consisted of 5 patients with recent onset of disease (less than 45 days), a normal glucagon response to hypoglycemia, and no detectable insulin antibodies (group 1); and 7 patients with duration of disease between 1 and 5 yr, a reduced glucagon response to hypoglycemia, and no insulin antibodies (group 2). |
| 4529 | 3891465 | The present study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of sodium salicylate on the counterregulatory glucagon response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in both insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) and normal controls. |
| 4530 | 3891465 | The IDDM group consisted of 5 patients with recent onset of disease (less than 45 days), a normal glucagon response to hypoglycemia, and no detectable insulin antibodies (group 1); and 7 patients with duration of disease between 1 and 5 yr, a reduced glucagon response to hypoglycemia, and no insulin antibodies (group 2). |
| 4531 | 3891468 | Eighty-eight North Indian patients with type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 113 unaffected individuals were typed for HLA-DR antigens from DR1 to DR7. |
| 4532 | 3891786 | To determine if the enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of increased adrenergic sensitivity per se, increased glucagon secretion, decreased insulin secretion, or a combination of these, plasma epinephrine concentration-response curves were determined in insulin-infused (initially euglycemic) patients with IDDM and nondiabetic subjects on two occasions: once when insulin and glucagon were free to change (control study), and again when insulin and glucagon were held constant (islet clamp study). |
| 4533 | 3891786 | During the islet clamp study (somatostatin infusion with insulin and glucagon replacement at fixed rates), the heightened glycemic response was unaltered in the patients with IDDM, but the nondiabetic subjects exhibited an enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine indistinguishable from that of patients with IDDM. |
| 4534 | 3891786 | Enhanced glycemic responsiveness of patients with IDDM to epinephrine is not the result of increased sensitivity of adrenergic receptor-effector mechanisms per se nor of their increased glucagon secretory response; rather, it is the result of their inability to augment insulin secretion. |
| 4535 | 3891786 | To determine if the enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of increased adrenergic sensitivity per se, increased glucagon secretion, decreased insulin secretion, or a combination of these, plasma epinephrine concentration-response curves were determined in insulin-infused (initially euglycemic) patients with IDDM and nondiabetic subjects on two occasions: once when insulin and glucagon were free to change (control study), and again when insulin and glucagon were held constant (islet clamp study). |
| 4536 | 3891786 | During the islet clamp study (somatostatin infusion with insulin and glucagon replacement at fixed rates), the heightened glycemic response was unaltered in the patients with IDDM, but the nondiabetic subjects exhibited an enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine indistinguishable from that of patients with IDDM. |
| 4537 | 3891786 | Enhanced glycemic responsiveness of patients with IDDM to epinephrine is not the result of increased sensitivity of adrenergic receptor-effector mechanisms per se nor of their increased glucagon secretory response; rather, it is the result of their inability to augment insulin secretion. |
| 4538 | 3891786 | To determine if the enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of increased adrenergic sensitivity per se, increased glucagon secretion, decreased insulin secretion, or a combination of these, plasma epinephrine concentration-response curves were determined in insulin-infused (initially euglycemic) patients with IDDM and nondiabetic subjects on two occasions: once when insulin and glucagon were free to change (control study), and again when insulin and glucagon were held constant (islet clamp study). |
| 4539 | 3891786 | During the islet clamp study (somatostatin infusion with insulin and glucagon replacement at fixed rates), the heightened glycemic response was unaltered in the patients with IDDM, but the nondiabetic subjects exhibited an enhanced glycemic response to epinephrine indistinguishable from that of patients with IDDM. |
| 4540 | 3891786 | Enhanced glycemic responsiveness of patients with IDDM to epinephrine is not the result of increased sensitivity of adrenergic receptor-effector mechanisms per se nor of their increased glucagon secretory response; rather, it is the result of their inability to augment insulin secretion. |
| 4541 | 3894118 | To determine whether glucose-mediated as well as insulin-mediated regulation of glucose utilization and glucose production is impaired in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), six nonobese, diabetic patients and seven age-, sex-, and weight-matched nondiabetic subjects were studied. |
| 4542 | 3894118 | Thus, although stimulation of glucose utilization by insulin is impaired in patients with IDDM, the ability of an increase in glucose concentration to increase glucose utilization does not appear to differ from that present in nondiabetic subjects, at insulin concentrations in the low physiologic range. |
| 4543 | 3894118 | To determine whether glucose-mediated as well as insulin-mediated regulation of glucose utilization and glucose production is impaired in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), six nonobese, diabetic patients and seven age-, sex-, and weight-matched nondiabetic subjects were studied. |
| 4544 | 3894118 | Thus, although stimulation of glucose utilization by insulin is impaired in patients with IDDM, the ability of an increase in glucose concentration to increase glucose utilization does not appear to differ from that present in nondiabetic subjects, at insulin concentrations in the low physiologic range. |
| 4545 | 3894123 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) induces plasma amino acid (AA) abnormalities, including low alanine and high branched-chain (BCAA). |
| 4546 | 3894130 | Tissue sensitivity to insulin was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (delta plasma insulin above basal 90 microU/ml) in eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after 4-8 mo of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and in 36 age-matched control subjects. |
| 4547 | 3894130 | Institution of CSII was associated with significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (11.2 +/- 0.6% versus 8.1 +/- 0.4%; P less than 0.001) and mean 24-h plasma glucose concentrations (239 +/- 23 mg/dl versus 106 +/- 18 mg/dl; P less than 0.001). |
| 4548 | 3894130 | We conclude that near-normalization of glucose metabolism with CSII partially corrects, but does not restore to normal, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 4549 | 3894130 | Our failure to totally reverse the impaired response of peripheral tissues to insulin in IDDM patients may be attributed to inadequate metabolic correction, the peripheral route of insulin administration, or a primary defect in glucose metabolism. |
| 4550 | 3894130 | Tissue sensitivity to insulin was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (delta plasma insulin above basal 90 microU/ml) in eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after 4-8 mo of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and in 36 age-matched control subjects. |
| 4551 | 3894130 | Institution of CSII was associated with significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (11.2 +/- 0.6% versus 8.1 +/- 0.4%; P less than 0.001) and mean 24-h plasma glucose concentrations (239 +/- 23 mg/dl versus 106 +/- 18 mg/dl; P less than 0.001). |
| 4552 | 3894130 | We conclude that near-normalization of glucose metabolism with CSII partially corrects, but does not restore to normal, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 4553 | 3894130 | Our failure to totally reverse the impaired response of peripheral tissues to insulin in IDDM patients may be attributed to inadequate metabolic correction, the peripheral route of insulin administration, or a primary defect in glucose metabolism. |
| 4554 | 3894130 | Tissue sensitivity to insulin was studied using the euglycemic insulin clamp technique (delta plasma insulin above basal 90 microU/ml) in eight patients with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after 4-8 mo of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and in 36 age-matched control subjects. |
| 4555 | 3894130 | Institution of CSII was associated with significant improvements in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (11.2 +/- 0.6% versus 8.1 +/- 0.4%; P less than 0.001) and mean 24-h plasma glucose concentrations (239 +/- 23 mg/dl versus 106 +/- 18 mg/dl; P less than 0.001). |
| 4556 | 3894130 | We conclude that near-normalization of glucose metabolism with CSII partially corrects, but does not restore to normal, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in IDDM. |
| 4557 | 3894130 | Our failure to totally reverse the impaired response of peripheral tissues to insulin in IDDM patients may be attributed to inadequate metabolic correction, the peripheral route of insulin administration, or a primary defect in glucose metabolism. |
| 4558 | 3896901 | Insulin antibodies, as measured by plasma radiolabeled insulin-binding capacity, were determined in 124 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children before and after 1, 3, and 5 days of insulin therapy. |
| 4559 | 3896901 | Only two of 446 siblings of IDDM children showed elevated insulin binding, one of whom developed IDDM 6 wk later. |
| 4560 | 3896901 | The presence of an insulin-binding substance probably representing insulin antibodies in some cases of newly diagnosed IDDM suggests that autoimmunity in this disorder is not limited to the B-cell membrane and cytoplasm and lends further support to the heterogeneity of IDDM. |
| 4561 | 3896901 | Insulin antibodies, as measured by plasma radiolabeled insulin-binding capacity, were determined in 124 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children before and after 1, 3, and 5 days of insulin therapy. |
| 4562 | 3896901 | Only two of 446 siblings of IDDM children showed elevated insulin binding, one of whom developed IDDM 6 wk later. |
| 4563 | 3896901 | The presence of an insulin-binding substance probably representing insulin antibodies in some cases of newly diagnosed IDDM suggests that autoimmunity in this disorder is not limited to the B-cell membrane and cytoplasm and lends further support to the heterogeneity of IDDM. |
| 4564 | 3896901 | Insulin antibodies, as measured by plasma radiolabeled insulin-binding capacity, were determined in 124 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children before and after 1, 3, and 5 days of insulin therapy. |
| 4565 | 3896901 | Only two of 446 siblings of IDDM children showed elevated insulin binding, one of whom developed IDDM 6 wk later. |
| 4566 | 3896901 | The presence of an insulin-binding substance probably representing insulin antibodies in some cases of newly diagnosed IDDM suggests that autoimmunity in this disorder is not limited to the B-cell membrane and cytoplasm and lends further support to the heterogeneity of IDDM. |
| 4567 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4568 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4569 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4570 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4571 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4572 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4573 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4574 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4575 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4576 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4577 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4578 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4579 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4580 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4581 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4582 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4583 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4584 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4585 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4586 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4587 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4588 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4589 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4590 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4591 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4592 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4593 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4594 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4595 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4596 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4597 | 3898761 | Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in patients with type I (IDDM) and type II (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4598 | 3898761 | In conclusion, there is considerable data documenting the presence of resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in patients with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 4599 | 3898761 | In the case of IDDM the insulin resistance appears to be secondary to the state of altered carbohydrate homeostasis, is directly proportional to the severity of fasting hyperglycemia, and can be abolished by achievement of metabolic control. |
| 4600 | 3898761 | As a corollary, it seems reasonable to suggest that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is not a primary defect in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 4601 | 3898761 | Nevertheless, the presence of insulin resistance in the poorly-controlled patient with IDDM may be of great clinical relevance, and contribute to the difficulty in effective treatment of this syndrome. |
| 4602 | 3898761 | These observations suggest that some component of the insulin resistance in NIDDM is similar to that in IDDM, and is secondary to the state of poor metabolic control. |
| 4603 | 3898762 | In patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), basal insulin secretion and insulin responses to all stimuli are virtually absent. |
| 4604 | 3898762 | However, in a remission phase, or in IDDM of short duration, basal insulin secretion and insulin responses to nonglucose stimuli may be relatively preserved. |
| 4605 | 3898762 | In patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), basal insulin secretion and insulin responses to all stimuli are virtually absent. |
| 4606 | 3898762 | However, in a remission phase, or in IDDM of short duration, basal insulin secretion and insulin responses to nonglucose stimuli may be relatively preserved. |
| 4607 | 3898767 | The recognition that Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and Type II or noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) differ from each other not only phenotypically but also in etiology and pathogenesis led the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) to devise the present nomenclature and classification of diabetes mellitus. |
| 4608 | 3898977 | The determination of serum C-peptide has been found to be a sensitive indicator of endogenous insulin secretion, and serves to define diabetic patients who require insulin therapy i.e., insulin-dependent (Type I, IDDM) and those non-insulin dependent (Type II, NIDDM). |
| 4609 | 3898983 | The presence of circulating islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) in a large majority of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggests that autoimmune mechanisms may be associated with the loss of B cells in IDDM. |
| 4610 | 3899926 | Detection of antibodies reacting with live rat insulinoma cells in the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by an 125I-protein A microassay. |
| 4611 | 3899974 | A study was undertaken in children and adolescents aged 4-18 years on the value of benzydamine vaginal douche in addition to chemotherapy for moderate to severe vulvovaginitis, including those also suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4612 | 3902423 | Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has been compared with conventional insulin injection treatment (CIT) supplemented by self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose (SMBG) in 18 nonobese adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4613 | 3905186 | We have investigated the occurrence of islet cell antibodies in sera from newly-diagnosed patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4614 | 3905187 | Plasma levels of islet cell cytoplasmic and cytotoxic antibodies were determined in 10 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) treated with plasmapheresis shortly after diagnosis, and in 9 children with IDDM treated by conventional means alone. |
| 4615 | 3905459 | We have previously described, in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM), a small, but significant, increase in the insulin clearance rate (ICR) during 0600-0800 h as compared with 0100-0300 h. |
| 4616 | 3905459 | To determine whether this increase was also seen at more physiologic levels of insulin replacement, we calculated ICR during euglycemic clamp studies in 13 patients with IDDM with a constant infusion of insulin at 20 mU/min/m2 and during insulin replacement from the Biostator GCIIS without exogenous glucose. |
| 4617 | 3905459 | We have previously described, in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM), a small, but significant, increase in the insulin clearance rate (ICR) during 0600-0800 h as compared with 0100-0300 h. |
| 4618 | 3905459 | To determine whether this increase was also seen at more physiologic levels of insulin replacement, we calculated ICR during euglycemic clamp studies in 13 patients with IDDM with a constant infusion of insulin at 20 mU/min/m2 and during insulin replacement from the Biostator GCIIS without exogenous glucose. |
| 4619 | 3906350 | During constant insulin infusion (0.15 mU X kg-1 X min-1) from 12 PM to 8 AM in 10 IDDM patients previously rendered euglycemic (Biostator), plasma glucose (5.4 +/- 0.2 mmol/L at 12 PM) increased by 3:30 AM and reached 12.1 +/- 1.6 mmol/L at 8 AM (P less than 0.001). |
| 4620 | 3906350 | From the sequence of events observed, we conclude that the Dawn Phenomenon in IDDM begins earlier than is currently thought (approximately 3:30 AM), that it is due to both accelerated glucose production and impaired glucose utilization, and that nocturnal increases in sympathetic nervous system activity and/or growth hormone secretion, but not changes in secretion of cortisol, adrenaline and glucagon or changes in insulin clearance, may be of pathogenetic importance. |
| 4621 | 3906350 | During constant insulin infusion (0.15 mU X kg-1 X min-1) from 12 PM to 8 AM in 10 IDDM patients previously rendered euglycemic (Biostator), plasma glucose (5.4 +/- 0.2 mmol/L at 12 PM) increased by 3:30 AM and reached 12.1 +/- 1.6 mmol/L at 8 AM (P less than 0.001). |
| 4622 | 3906350 | From the sequence of events observed, we conclude that the Dawn Phenomenon in IDDM begins earlier than is currently thought (approximately 3:30 AM), that it is due to both accelerated glucose production and impaired glucose utilization, and that nocturnal increases in sympathetic nervous system activity and/or growth hormone secretion, but not changes in secretion of cortisol, adrenaline and glucagon or changes in insulin clearance, may be of pathogenetic importance. |
| 4623 | 3907232 | Ultrasonography was performed in three groups of young diabetics in the tropics, namely MODY, IDDM and tropical pancreatic diabetes (TPD). |
| 4624 | 3907232 | MODY and IDDM patients did not show any significant changes except a slight reduction in size of the gland. |
| 4625 | 3907232 | Ultrasonography was performed in three groups of young diabetics in the tropics, namely MODY, IDDM and tropical pancreatic diabetes (TPD). |
| 4626 | 3907232 | MODY and IDDM patients did not show any significant changes except a slight reduction in size of the gland. |
| 4627 | 3912201 | Since mumps virus seems to be one of the most likely candidates in viral etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) we studied the possible relationship of glucose tolerance (75 g oGTT), beta cell function, diabetes associated HLA antigens, haptoglobin phenotype, islet cell antibodies (ICA) and islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) in 125 subjects with antecedent mumps infection. |
| 4628 | 3912201 | There was no relationship between ICA/ICSA and diabetes-associated HLA antigens, haptoglobin phenotype or beta cell function (fasting C-peptide and insulin response to 75 g oGTT). |
| 4629 | 3914811 | The concentrations of zinc and magnesium in serum were investigated in 23 non-pregnant and 14 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 20 with gestational diabetes, and in cord blood from newborns of the latter two groups. |
| 4630 | 3914811 | Although a decrease in S-Zn and S-Mg was observed during pregnancy in both IDDM and control subjects, the difference between carefully insulin-treated IDDM patients and controls was no longer apparent at term of pregnancy as regards S-Zn, whereas S-Mg was lower at term both in IDDM patients and in insulin-treated women with gestational diabetes. |
| 4631 | 3914811 | Besides the probable importance of a nearly normalized glucose metabolism in IDDM patients during pregnancy, it is postulated that the altered pattern of plasma proteins in diabetes and pregnancy, and possibly also exogenous insulin may influence the serum concentrations of zinc and magnesium seen at the end of pregnancy. |
| 4632 | 3914811 | The concentrations of zinc and magnesium in serum were investigated in 23 non-pregnant and 14 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 20 with gestational diabetes, and in cord blood from newborns of the latter two groups. |
| 4633 | 3914811 | Although a decrease in S-Zn and S-Mg was observed during pregnancy in both IDDM and control subjects, the difference between carefully insulin-treated IDDM patients and controls was no longer apparent at term of pregnancy as regards S-Zn, whereas S-Mg was lower at term both in IDDM patients and in insulin-treated women with gestational diabetes. |
| 4634 | 3914811 | Besides the probable importance of a nearly normalized glucose metabolism in IDDM patients during pregnancy, it is postulated that the altered pattern of plasma proteins in diabetes and pregnancy, and possibly also exogenous insulin may influence the serum concentrations of zinc and magnesium seen at the end of pregnancy. |
| 4635 | 3914811 | The concentrations of zinc and magnesium in serum were investigated in 23 non-pregnant and 14 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 20 with gestational diabetes, and in cord blood from newborns of the latter two groups. |
| 4636 | 3914811 | Although a decrease in S-Zn and S-Mg was observed during pregnancy in both IDDM and control subjects, the difference between carefully insulin-treated IDDM patients and controls was no longer apparent at term of pregnancy as regards S-Zn, whereas S-Mg was lower at term both in IDDM patients and in insulin-treated women with gestational diabetes. |
| 4637 | 3914811 | Besides the probable importance of a nearly normalized glucose metabolism in IDDM patients during pregnancy, it is postulated that the altered pattern of plasma proteins in diabetes and pregnancy, and possibly also exogenous insulin may influence the serum concentrations of zinc and magnesium seen at the end of pregnancy. |
| 4638 | 3915260 | To clarify whether or not physiological glycemic excursions and/or plasma insulin profiles contribute to the normalization of the exaggerated glucagon response in diabetes mellitus, the following 4 investigations were conducted on each of 7 non-obese, non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM), and 8 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects, with the aid of AEP. |
| 4639 | 3915262 | Fasting SCPR did not differ between healthy subjects and sulfonylurea-treated patients (SU) who were considered to have definite non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM); but was significantly lower in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (0.24 +/- 0.10 ng/ml in IDDM vs. 1.43 +/- 0.61 ng/ml in SU, P less than 0.001). |
| 4640 | 3924692 | The urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin, albumin, kappa light chains, transferrin, and IgG as well as their concentration ratios were assessed in 27 nondiabetic patients with proteinuria and in 72 IDDM patients, 41 with proliferative retinopathy (PR) and 31 without retinopathy, matched for age, duration of diabetes, and treatment. |
| 4641 | 3924692 | The mean excretions of albumin, transferrin, and IgG were similar in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria and in IDDM patients with PR and were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without retinopathy. |
| 4642 | 3924692 | Despite similar albumin excretion, the amount of excreted kappa light chains was significantly higher in IDDM patients than in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria, resulting in an elevated kappa chain/albumin ratio. |
| 4643 | 3924692 | The ratio kappa chain/albumin was independent of the excretion of beta2-microglobulin in patients with PR, suggesting that the reduced ability to reabsorb immunoglobulin light chains may occur earlier than that of beta2-microglobulin in the development of tubular dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4644 | 3924692 | The urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin, albumin, kappa light chains, transferrin, and IgG as well as their concentration ratios were assessed in 27 nondiabetic patients with proteinuria and in 72 IDDM patients, 41 with proliferative retinopathy (PR) and 31 without retinopathy, matched for age, duration of diabetes, and treatment. |
| 4645 | 3924692 | The mean excretions of albumin, transferrin, and IgG were similar in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria and in IDDM patients with PR and were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without retinopathy. |
| 4646 | 3924692 | Despite similar albumin excretion, the amount of excreted kappa light chains was significantly higher in IDDM patients than in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria, resulting in an elevated kappa chain/albumin ratio. |
| 4647 | 3924692 | The ratio kappa chain/albumin was independent of the excretion of beta2-microglobulin in patients with PR, suggesting that the reduced ability to reabsorb immunoglobulin light chains may occur earlier than that of beta2-microglobulin in the development of tubular dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4648 | 3924692 | The urinary excretion of beta2-microglobulin, albumin, kappa light chains, transferrin, and IgG as well as their concentration ratios were assessed in 27 nondiabetic patients with proteinuria and in 72 IDDM patients, 41 with proliferative retinopathy (PR) and 31 without retinopathy, matched for age, duration of diabetes, and treatment. |
| 4649 | 3924692 | The mean excretions of albumin, transferrin, and IgG were similar in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria and in IDDM patients with PR and were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without retinopathy. |
| 4650 | 3924692 | Despite similar albumin excretion, the amount of excreted kappa light chains was significantly higher in IDDM patients than in patients with nondiabetic proteinuria, resulting in an elevated kappa chain/albumin ratio. |
| 4651 | 3924692 | The ratio kappa chain/albumin was independent of the excretion of beta2-microglobulin in patients with PR, suggesting that the reduced ability to reabsorb immunoglobulin light chains may occur earlier than that of beta2-microglobulin in the development of tubular dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4652 | 3926569 | Costs and hazards of achieving near-normoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major. |
| 4653 | 3926569 | A multicenter trial was proposed to test the hypothesis that in IDDM two levels of mean glycemia, sufficiently separated to examine the control/complications relationship, could be maintained by the six collaborating centers, using randomized patient allocation to conventional insulin therapy (CIT) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) as the alternative treatment modalities. |
| 4654 | 3926569 | Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured, retinal abnormalities recorded photographically, and urinary albumin excretion quantitated at baseline, 4, and 8 mo in all patients. |
| 4655 | 3926569 | Costs and hazards of achieving near-normoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major. |
| 4656 | 3926569 | A multicenter trial was proposed to test the hypothesis that in IDDM two levels of mean glycemia, sufficiently separated to examine the control/complications relationship, could be maintained by the six collaborating centers, using randomized patient allocation to conventional insulin therapy (CIT) and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) as the alternative treatment modalities. |
| 4657 | 3926569 | Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured, retinal abnormalities recorded photographically, and urinary albumin excretion quantitated at baseline, 4, and 8 mo in all patients. |
| 4658 | 3935724 | Immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes are often discussed as susceptibility genes for insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in addition to HLA-DR3 and DR4. |
| 4659 | 3935724 | While DR3 and DR4 antigens and DR3/DR4 heterozygotes occur significantly more often among diabetics than among normal controls, their Gm allotype frequencies are very similar. |
| 4660 | 3935724 | An interaction between special Gm allotypes and phenotypes, on the one side, and DR3, DR4 or DR3, 4 on the other side could not be demonstrated. |
| 4661 | 3939115 | Insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) with history of ketosis or ketoacidosis and/or unstable plasma glucose, and patients refractory to sulfonylureas had lower UCPR values (8.5 +/- 6.6 and 22.3 +/- 14.6 micrograms/day) than the other insulin-treated patients (45.4 +/- 30.7 micrograms/day). |
| 4662 | 3939115 | IDDM patients with more than 20 U/day of insulin doses had lower UCPR values. |
| 4663 | 3939115 | Insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) with history of ketosis or ketoacidosis and/or unstable plasma glucose, and patients refractory to sulfonylureas had lower UCPR values (8.5 +/- 6.6 and 22.3 +/- 14.6 micrograms/day) than the other insulin-treated patients (45.4 +/- 30.7 micrograms/day). |
| 4664 | 3939115 | IDDM patients with more than 20 U/day of insulin doses had lower UCPR values. |
| 4665 | 3956882 | Magnesium deficiency in IDDM related to level of glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 4666 | 3956882 | Magnesium and potassium were analyzed in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine collected during 24 h and in muscle biopsies from 25 subjects with insulin-dependent, type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4667 | 3956882 | Magnesium deficiency in IDDM related to level of glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 4668 | 3956882 | Magnesium and potassium were analyzed in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine collected during 24 h and in muscle biopsies from 25 subjects with insulin-dependent, type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4669 | 3957559 | The effect of improved glycemic control on microalbuminuria was evaluated longitudinally in 13 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of 8.4 +/- 0.8 years duration. |
| 4670 | 3957559 | This was accompanied by significant reductions in the values for whole blood, and to a lesser extent, in stable glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (GHbA1) (p less than 0.05), but not in creatinine clearance, albumin clearance, or in albumin excretion rate. |
| 4671 | 3958838 | The ability of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assume responsibility for self-management is complicated by normal psychosocial developmental tasks, including establishing independence from authority. |
| 4672 | 3958838 | Forty-one adolescents with IDDM (age range 12 to 21 years) and their parents, who were trained to self-adjust insulin on compensatory and anticipatory bases, participated. |
| 4673 | 3958838 | The ability of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assume responsibility for self-management is complicated by normal psychosocial developmental tasks, including establishing independence from authority. |
| 4674 | 3958838 | Forty-one adolescents with IDDM (age range 12 to 21 years) and their parents, who were trained to self-adjust insulin on compensatory and anticipatory bases, participated. |
| 4675 | 3962904 | To look at the effect of processing wheat and rye on blood glucose responses with special reference to bulgur and pumpernickel bread, groups of 9-12 Noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) and 5-6 Insulin-dependent diabetic volunteers (IDDM) were fed test meals containing 50 g carbohydrate portions of four wheat and three rye products. |
| 4676 | 3977675 | Contrast sensitivity measurements were obtained from 64 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus who had normal Snellen acuity and minimal or no visible diabetic retinopathy. |
| 4677 | 3987976 | The families of 41 probands with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR antigens in addition to the complement polymorphisms C2, C4A, C4B, and Bf. |
| 4678 | 3987976 | Alleles at HLA-B (8, 15, 18, and 40), HLA-DR (3 and 4), and Bf (F1) have been associated with increased relative risk (RR) for IDDM, while HLA-B7 and HLA-DR2 have been associated with decreased RR for IDDM. |
| 4679 | 3987976 | In a recent study, we defined five high-risk haplotypes that were determined solely by HLA-B, Bf, and HLA-DR (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4, B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4). |
| 4680 | 3987976 | The families of 41 probands with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR antigens in addition to the complement polymorphisms C2, C4A, C4B, and Bf. |
| 4681 | 3987976 | Alleles at HLA-B (8, 15, 18, and 40), HLA-DR (3 and 4), and Bf (F1) have been associated with increased relative risk (RR) for IDDM, while HLA-B7 and HLA-DR2 have been associated with decreased RR for IDDM. |
| 4682 | 3987976 | In a recent study, we defined five high-risk haplotypes that were determined solely by HLA-B, Bf, and HLA-DR (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4, B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4). |
| 4683 | 3994705 | Circulating immune complexes (IC) were studied in 40 newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), 40 long duration IDDM, and 16 healthy controls. |
| 4684 | 3996168 | All diabetic subjects had had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for a minimum of 2 yr and were currently attending the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Diabetes Clinic. |
| 4685 | 3996172 | Patients with type I, or insulin-dependent, diabetes mellitus (IDDM) must comply with a complex behavioral regimen to control their diabetes. |
| 4686 | 3998926 | School-aged children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied longitudinally in order to document how they adjusted to the medical illness and to assess salient background factors. |
| 4687 | 3999978 | The effects of a high-carbohydrate low-fat cholesterol-restricted diet on plasma lipid, lipoprotein, and apoprotein concentrations in insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4688 | 3999978 | Six women with well-defined insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied for 4 weeks during a control diet containing 45% of the calories as carbohydrate, 40% fat (P/S ratio 0.14), 15% protein, and 580 mg of cholesterol, and for 6 weeks during a high-carbohydrate low-fat cholesterol-restricted diet with 65% carbohydrate, 20% fat (P/S ratio 1.40), 15% protein, and 62 mg cholesterol. |
| 4689 | 4006299 | Humoral immunity against viral antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): altered IgA class immune response against mumps virus. |
| 4690 | 4006299 | Two hundred and ten pediatric IDDM patients with long duration of illness and their matched controls (age range 2-19 years) were analysed for mumps antibodies in IgG, IgM and IgA antibody classes by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 4691 | 4006299 | Humoral immunity against viral antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): altered IgA class immune response against mumps virus. |
| 4692 | 4006299 | Two hundred and ten pediatric IDDM patients with long duration of illness and their matched controls (age range 2-19 years) were analysed for mumps antibodies in IgG, IgM and IgA antibody classes by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 4693 | 4006660 | The risk of severe hypoglycemia associated with the particular therapeutic approach of two University hospitals was assessed in 96% of all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had been admitted during a period of almost 3 yr to the diabetic wards of two hospitals and who participated in a structured teaching and treatment program. |
| 4694 | 4006660 | Thus, successful attempts to improve glycosylated hemoglobin values in an unselected group of patients with IDDM were not associated with an unduly high risk of severe hypoglycemia when compared with the scarce data from the literature. |
| 4695 | 4006660 | The risk of severe hypoglycemia associated with the particular therapeutic approach of two University hospitals was assessed in 96% of all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had been admitted during a period of almost 3 yr to the diabetic wards of two hospitals and who participated in a structured teaching and treatment program. |
| 4696 | 4006660 | Thus, successful attempts to improve glycosylated hemoglobin values in an unselected group of patients with IDDM were not associated with an unduly high risk of severe hypoglycemia when compared with the scarce data from the literature. |
| 4697 | 4006657 | The purpose of this study was to investigate if insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) predispose to the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and modify the prognosis. |
| 4698 | 4012023 | These included 968 patients with diabetes mellitus (431 male, 537 female), of whom 428 (44.21 percent) had been insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 540 (55.79 percent) non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM). |
| 4699 | 4018422 | Eight-month correction of hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a significant and sustained reduction of urinary albumin excretion rates in patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 4700 | 4018422 | Persistent Albustix-positive proteinuria and subsequent chronic renal failure are frequently encountered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4701 | 4018422 | However, short-term studies in IDDM subjects with negative Albustix tests but subclinically raised levels of albumin excretion rate (AER) have shown that treatment with CSII significantly reduces this microalbuminuria. |
| 4702 | 4018422 | In both the normoalbuminuric and the microalbuminuric groups studied at 4 and 8 mo, percent glycosylated hemoglobin (%HbA1) and mean blood glucose were significantly decreased during CSII compared with baseline values, whereas no change occurred in the group continuing their conventional insulin therapy (CIT). |
| 4703 | 4018422 | Eight-month correction of hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a significant and sustained reduction of urinary albumin excretion rates in patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 4704 | 4018422 | Persistent Albustix-positive proteinuria and subsequent chronic renal failure are frequently encountered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4705 | 4018422 | However, short-term studies in IDDM subjects with negative Albustix tests but subclinically raised levels of albumin excretion rate (AER) have shown that treatment with CSII significantly reduces this microalbuminuria. |
| 4706 | 4018422 | In both the normoalbuminuric and the microalbuminuric groups studied at 4 and 8 mo, percent glycosylated hemoglobin (%HbA1) and mean blood glucose were significantly decreased during CSII compared with baseline values, whereas no change occurred in the group continuing their conventional insulin therapy (CIT). |
| 4707 | 4018423 | Thirty patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had advanced background retinopathy were randomized to unchanged conventional treatment (UCT) or to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 4708 | 4031016 | The fatty acid composition of serum lipids, erythrocytes, platelets, and diet was studied in women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in normal subjects matched for age, sex, body weight, and serum lipid levels. |
| 4709 | 4031016 | The linoleic acid content of serum lipids, but not of diet, was significantly correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in IDDM patients. |
| 4710 | 4031016 | The fatty acid composition of serum lipids, erythrocytes, platelets, and diet was studied in women with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in normal subjects matched for age, sex, body weight, and serum lipid levels. |
| 4711 | 4031016 | The linoleic acid content of serum lipids, but not of diet, was significantly correlated with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in IDDM patients. |
| 4712 | 4035278 | We determined the circulating dopamine levels in 17 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), of whom eight had amenorrhoea (DM-AM) and nine were normally menstruating (DM). |
| 4713 | 4035278 | In all subjects basal blood concentrations of free dopamine (f-DA), conjugated dopamine (c-DA), epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and oestradiol-17 beta were determined and all subjects, except for three AM patients, had a Metoclopramide test performed for measurements of f-DA, c-DA, PRL, LH and TSH. |
| 4714 | 4036717 | The incidence and prevalence of diabetic neuropathies in Insulin Dependent (IDDM) and Non-Insulin Dependent (NIDDM) Diabetes Mellitus is not known because in previous studies the heterogeneity of diabetes and of the neuropathies was not taken into account, criteria for diagnosis and surveillance for neuropathy were variable, and studies were not prospective or population based. |
| 4715 | 4036718 | IDDM/NIDD versus Type I/Type II) should be handled with care. |
| 4716 | 4037695 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited in a multifactorial manner with polygenes and environmental factors contributing to its emergence in a particular individual. |
| 4717 | 4037695 | Because the morbidity and mortality are still extremely serious in IDDM patients in spite of insulin therapy, it is proposed that preventive measures should be instituted in families prone to IDDM. |
| 4718 | 4037695 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited in a multifactorial manner with polygenes and environmental factors contributing to its emergence in a particular individual. |
| 4719 | 4037695 | Because the morbidity and mortality are still extremely serious in IDDM patients in spite of insulin therapy, it is proposed that preventive measures should be instituted in families prone to IDDM. |
| 4720 | 4037696 | Refinement of the classification of diabetes mellitus to include two major categories, insulin dependent (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) and the recent attention paid to the standardization of epidemiological techniques have led to much new information on the epidemiology of the disease. |
| 4721 | 4042796 | The incidence rate of retinopathy was almost three times greater among residents with insulin-dependent (IDDM) than with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM); however, the actual number of retinopathy cases was over four times greater among the more numerous residents with NIDDM. |
| 4722 | 4042801 | Pancreatic polypeptide: a marker for lean non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus? |
| 4723 | 4042801 | Both basal and postprandial pancreatic polypeptide (PP) concentrations were exaggerated twofold in lean NIDDM patients, whereas they were normal in lean IDDM and obese NIDDM patients who were hyperglycemic as a result of partial insulin withdrawal. |
| 4724 | 4042802 | Accuracy of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using Chemstrip bG (Bio-Dynamics, Indianapolis, Indiana) was studied in 90 randomly selected children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4725 | 4053603 | The clinical acceptability and the influence on diabetes control were investigated in 50 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during intake of a combined nonalkylated estrogen/progestogen compound (4 mg 17-beta estradiol, 2 mg estriol and 1 mg norethindrone) for one year. |
| 4726 | 4053603 | In 6 IDDM women, the influence of the hormonal treatment on diabetes control and on ovarian function was investigated by measuring the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb-Alc), fasting plasma glucose, serum estradiol, serum estrone, serum progesterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity. |
| 4727 | 4053603 | The clinical acceptability and the influence on diabetes control were investigated in 50 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during intake of a combined nonalkylated estrogen/progestogen compound (4 mg 17-beta estradiol, 2 mg estriol and 1 mg norethindrone) for one year. |
| 4728 | 4053603 | In 6 IDDM women, the influence of the hormonal treatment on diabetes control and on ovarian function was investigated by measuring the concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb-Alc), fasting plasma glucose, serum estradiol, serum estrone, serum progesterone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) capacity. |
| 4729 | 4053948 | There are marked geographic differences in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); for example, children in countries such as Finland are over 35 times more likely to develop IDDM than children in Japan. |
| 4730 | 4053949 | Children in the United States are almost 20 times more likely to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than children in Japan. |
| 4731 | 4053951 | Thyroid microsomal, gastric parietal, and adrenocortical autoantibodies were sought in 1456 Caucasian and 240 black patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in 1467 of the Caucasian patients' immediate family members, and in 1519 normal Caucasian control subjects. |
| 4732 | 4053952 | Relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) carry an increased risk of developing IDDM. |
| 4733 | 4053955 | Precipitants of hospitalization in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): a statewide perspective. |
| 4734 | 4053955 | A statewide insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registry is used to identify and epidemiologically characterize patients admitted to Rhode Island's hospitals. |
| 4735 | 4053955 | Precipitants of hospitalization in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): a statewide perspective. |
| 4736 | 4053955 | A statewide insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registry is used to identify and epidemiologically characterize patients admitted to Rhode Island's hospitals. |
| 4737 | 4053954 | The Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) Morbidity and Mortality Study: case-control analyses of risk factors for mortality. |
| 4738 | 4053956 | A review of case series of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) shows an excess frequency of cardiovascular death and probably myocardial infarction. |
| 4739 | 4053961 | The hospitalization of a child at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has become routine in many parts of the world, although controversy exists about its necessity. |
| 4740 | 4075942 | As part of a prospective, longitudinal study of school-aged children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we examined how the parents adjusted to the illness. |
| 4741 | 4075944 | Effect of insulin pump treatment for one year on renal function and retinal morphology in patients with IDDM. |
| 4742 | 6086025 | Therefore, platelet function and platelet enzyme activities were assessed in a large group of 357 diabetics (256 patients with IDDM, aged 16-49 and 101 patients with NIDDM, aged 50-78) and 163 matched controls, and related to photographically documented retinopathy (Rd) and to peripheral vascular disease (PVD) as well as to plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (VIII R:Ag) as an indicator of endothelial damage. |
| 4743 | 6086833 | From September 1979 to August 1981, a total of 25 children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were admitted for management to the Pediatric Ward, Lubbock General Hospital, Lubbock, Texas. |
| 4744 | 6090247 | DNA fragments complementary to cloned sequences encoding HLA-D region class II antigen alpha- and beta-chains were determined by genomic blotting with DNA from HLA-typed members of 22 complete families, 12 of which had a proband with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4745 | 6109047 | In a randomised cross-over study 18 nondependent (NIDDM) and 9 insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetics were put on to a high carbohydrate diet containing leguminous fibre (HL) for 6 weeks, and also a standard low carbohydrate diet (LC) for 6 weeks. |
| 4746 | 6114914 | To elucidate the mechanism by which somatostatin lowers blood glucose concentration and insulin requirement following carbohydrate ingestion in insulin dependent diabetic patients (IDDM; n = 6), the amount of insulin required for the assimilation of a 50 g glucose load was determined by means of an automated glucose-controlled insulin infusion system with and without concomitant somatostatin infusion. |
| 4747 | 6114914 | During the 3 hour period following glucose loading plasma concentrations of glucagon and growth hormone were diminished by somatostatin, as were the rise in blood glucose and insulin requirement (4.0 +/- 1.2 U) when compared with the control study (11.3 +/- 1.5 U; p less than 0.01). |
| 4748 | 6114914 | With cessation of somatostatin blood glucose levels and insulin requirement rose during the following 2 hour observation period (7.5 +/- 1.2 U) but remained basal during the control study (0.7 +/- 0.6 U; p less than 0.0005). |
| 4749 | 6114914 | It is concluded that the diminished insulin requirement and delayed rise in blood glucose during somatostatin administration after an oral glucose load is not due to its "antidiabetic" action by suppressing glucagon and growth hormone release. |
| 4750 | 6117683 | 27 polymorphic genetic markers were analysed for possible linkage with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4751 | 6120181 | Initially euglycemic (overnight insulin-infused) patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compared with nondiabetic controls, exhibit similar, but somewhat delayed plasma glucose nadirs, delayed glucose recovery from hypoglycemia, and posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia after the rapid intravenous injection of 0.075 U/kg of regular insulin. |
| 4752 | 6120181 | This rise was directly related to the degree of residual glucagon secretion and inversely related to plasma-free insulin concentrations.THUS, WE CONCLUDE: (a) that patients with IDDM are, to varying degrees, dependent upon epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote glucose recovery from hypoglycemia and that the degree of this dependence upon epinephrine is an inverse function of the residual capacity to secrete glucagon in response to hypoglycemia in individual patients; (b) that sympathoadrenal activation, coupled with the inability to secrete insulin, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 4753 | 6120181 | Initially euglycemic (overnight insulin-infused) patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compared with nondiabetic controls, exhibit similar, but somewhat delayed plasma glucose nadirs, delayed glucose recovery from hypoglycemia, and posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia after the rapid intravenous injection of 0.075 U/kg of regular insulin. |
| 4754 | 6120181 | This rise was directly related to the degree of residual glucagon secretion and inversely related to plasma-free insulin concentrations.THUS, WE CONCLUDE: (a) that patients with IDDM are, to varying degrees, dependent upon epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote glucose recovery from hypoglycemia and that the degree of this dependence upon epinephrine is an inverse function of the residual capacity to secrete glucagon in response to hypoglycemia in individual patients; (b) that sympathoadrenal activation, coupled with the inability to secrete insulin, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 4755 | 6131002 | The application of immunofluorescence technique with anti-insulin, anti-glucagon, anti-somatostatin, and anti-pancreatic polypeptide (PP) antisera to sections of precisely sampled regions of the human pancreas allowed the quantitative evaluation of the total content of these four endocrine cell populations in 13 nondiabetics, in 2 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), and in 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) of various age and sex. |
| 4756 | 6131002 | In diabetic subjects, the only marked difference as compared with nondiabetics is the reduction of insulin cell volume in IDDM. |
| 4757 | 6131002 | The qualitative changes of islet structure accompanying insulin cell reduction in IDDM were not considered in the present study. |
| 4758 | 6131002 | The application of immunofluorescence technique with anti-insulin, anti-glucagon, anti-somatostatin, and anti-pancreatic polypeptide (PP) antisera to sections of precisely sampled regions of the human pancreas allowed the quantitative evaluation of the total content of these four endocrine cell populations in 13 nondiabetics, in 2 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), and in 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) of various age and sex. |
| 4759 | 6131002 | In diabetic subjects, the only marked difference as compared with nondiabetics is the reduction of insulin cell volume in IDDM. |
| 4760 | 6131002 | The qualitative changes of islet structure accompanying insulin cell reduction in IDDM were not considered in the present study. |
| 4761 | 6131002 | The application of immunofluorescence technique with anti-insulin, anti-glucagon, anti-somatostatin, and anti-pancreatic polypeptide (PP) antisera to sections of precisely sampled regions of the human pancreas allowed the quantitative evaluation of the total content of these four endocrine cell populations in 13 nondiabetics, in 2 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), and in 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) of various age and sex. |
| 4762 | 6131002 | In diabetic subjects, the only marked difference as compared with nondiabetics is the reduction of insulin cell volume in IDDM. |
| 4763 | 6131002 | The qualitative changes of islet structure accompanying insulin cell reduction in IDDM were not considered in the present study. |
| 4764 | 6134178 | Coxsackie B1-6 virus IgM responses were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 11 of 28 (39%) children aged 3-14 years in whom insulin-dependent (juvenile onset; type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) developed in 1982. 5 patients had a homotypic response to Coxsackie B4 and 1 had a homotypic response to B5. |
| 4765 | 6134660 | In the present study effect of guar intake (12 g) on plasma somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SRIF-LI) was studied in non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) to see if somatostatin plays a role in reducing postprandial glucose. |
| 4766 | 6142151 | Studies of the segregation of heterozygous immunoglobulin allotypes in families with several cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show that germline heavy-chain V (variable region) genes are not major genetic determinants for IDDM, but data for IDDM and Graves' disease together suggest involvement of kappa light-chain V genes. |
| 4767 | 6150150 | The variations in incidence rates of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in childhood within and between genetically very similar Scandinavian populations and the variations in incidence rates with time are difficult to explain. |
| 4768 | 6191179 | In a search for an appropriate animal model, we have studied platelet function and the properties of platelet cyclic NCL-PDE in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes, spontaneous diabetes, and human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4769 | 6201223 | The possibility of preventive intervention in Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during periods of latency and partial remission of the disease has stimulated the search for agents that interfere with the genesis of IDDM by acting on its etiology and/or by protecting the beta cell against different aggressions. |
| 4770 | 6211031 | Immunological mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and suppressor cell activity (SCA) has been found depressed at diagnosis. |
| 4771 | 6212684 | Suppressor cell activity (SCA) was investigated longitudinally, at the time of diagnosis and during the remission period, in 17 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4772 | 6213714 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies that react with cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 4773 | 6219022 | This experiment was undertaken to explore a novel method of therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), using nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice that had symptoms and histologic changes similar to those of human IDDM patients. |
| 4774 | 6221108 | Subpopulations of peripheral T-lymphocytes were studied in two groups of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): eleven newly diagnosed diabetics and twenty-one patients having diabetes of long duration (13 +/- 1 yr). |
| 4775 | 6224937 | This study concerns the effect of plasma from patients with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the capacity of normal donor lymphocytes to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. |
| 4776 | 6235073 | Defective erythrocyte C3b receptor function associated with low serum complement (C3, C4) concentrations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4777 | 6235073 | An immune adherence haemagglutination (IAHA) method was used to measure erythrocyte C3b receptor (EC3bR) activity in 110 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 223 controls. |
| 4778 | 6236802 | This experimental diabetes is regarded as a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in man (IDDM, type I). |
| 4779 | 6239872 | The autologous mixed lymphocyte response (AMLR) and the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte response were deficient in a subset of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4780 | 6239872 | This suggests that the deficient AMLR in IDDM may be in part due to a deficiency in the production of interleukin-2. |
| 4781 | 6239872 | The autologous mixed lymphocyte response (AMLR) and the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte response were deficient in a subset of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4782 | 6239872 | This suggests that the deficient AMLR in IDDM may be in part due to a deficiency in the production of interleukin-2. |
| 4783 | 6288760 | The influence of diabetes mellitus on phosphodiesterase (PDE) activity in human sc adipose tissue was investigated in 8 patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 9 with noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 4784 | 6290158 | These include the hundred-year-old debate concerning the optimal amount of carbohydrate in the diabetic diet, the possible beneficial role of large amounts of dietary fiber, and the nagging concern about total caloric intake in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) versus type II non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) pregnant diabetic women. |
| 4785 | 6306468 | The occurrence of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes (IDDM) is strongly associated with HLA-DR3 and/or 4 (ref. 5). |
| 4786 | 6311652 | In order to assess the adrenergic contribution to hypoglycemic glucose counterregulation in type I diabetes mellitus and to determine whether the adrenergic contribution is mediated through beta 1- or beta 2-adrenergic receptors, hypoglycemia was induced by an i.v. insulin infusion (30 mU/m2 x min) for 60 min in 11 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM), 5 with normal plasma glucagon responses and 6 with blunted responses, and also in 7 age-weight-matched nondiabetic subjects. |
| 4787 | 6311652 | Rates of plasma glucose decrease and postnadir increase, as well as plasma concentrations of free insulin and of counterregulatory hormones, were measured when insulin was infused alone, and when insulin was infused along with propranolol (a beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist) or metoprolol (a selective beta 1-antagonist). |
| 4788 | 6313373 | In a search for Coxsackie B virus-induced, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we examined sera from 166 selected patients (age 1-17 years) with recent onset of IDDM for specific neutralizing antibodies. |
| 4789 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4790 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4791 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4792 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4793 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4794 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4795 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4796 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4797 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4798 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4799 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4800 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4801 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4802 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4803 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4804 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4805 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4806 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4807 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4808 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4809 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4810 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4811 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4812 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4813 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4814 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4815 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4816 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4817 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4818 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4819 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4820 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4821 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4822 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4823 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4824 | 6313456 | Mononuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 4825 | 6313456 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been found to have a heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine. |
| 4826 | 6313456 | To determine if patients with IDDM have increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems, we assessed beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase sensitivities to isoproterenol in partially purified mononuclear leukocyte (MNL) plasma membranes from 10 patients with IDDM (without adrenergic neuropathy) and 10 matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 4827 | 6313456 | MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptor densities (Bmax = 48 +/- 8 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in IDDM, 44 +/- 3 fmol [3H] DHA/mg protein in controls) and binding affinities (apparent KD = 0.3 +/- 0.07 nM in IDDM, 0.3 +/- 0.04 nM in controls) did not differ. |
| 4828 | 6313456 | Further, MNL adenylate cyclase activities were not significantly different either at baseline (325 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 275 +/- 49 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls) or in response to isoproterenol (842 +/- 229 pmol/mg protein/15 min in IDDM, 608 +/- 86 pmol/mg protein/15 min in controls). |
| 4829 | 6313456 | Thus, the data do not support the presence of a generalized alteration of beta-adrenergic receptors or adenylate cyclase sensitivity in IDDM. |
| 4830 | 6313456 | To the extent that MNL beta 2-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase activities reflect those of extravascular catecholamine target cells, these findings suggest that the heightened hyperglycemic response to epinephrine exhibited by patients with IDDM is not due to increased sensitivity of cellular beta 2-adrenergic receptor-effector systems and is best attributed to the altered hormonal milieu of the insulin-deficient state. |
| 4831 | 6334218 | We studied the distribution of HLA-A, B, and DR and MT1, MT2, MT3 genotypes in all 20 Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) attending the four government pediatric units in Singapore. |
| 4832 | 6334991 | Two novel analytic methods to evaluate the roles of the HLA alleles of the human major histocompatibility complex in disease predisposition have been formulated and applied to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4833 | 6334991 | In Caucasian populations, after consideration of the predisposing effect of the antigens DR3 and DR4, the protective effect of DR2 in predisposition is demonstrated. |
| 4834 | 6335914 | The association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and progressive optic atrophy, occasionally associated with other disorders, is known as Wolfram syndrome. |
| 4835 | 6336344 | Four aspects of the IDDM regimen were studied: insulin injections, dietary patterns, glucose testing, and exercise. |
| 4836 | 6337179 | Pancreases from insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM), noninsulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM), and nondiabetic subjects were analyzed by stereological and morphometrical methods in order to determine the weight of the lobe rich in pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cells in relation to the total weight of the pancreas and the volume density of PP cells in both parts of the gland, those rich and poor in PP cells. |
| 4837 | 6337453 | Two main diabetic groups were investigated, viz, one consisting of 19 diabetic children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (median age 10 years) where a prospective study was made, and one where a retrospective examination was performed of 73 patients (median age 14 years) with a mean duration of IDDM of 7 years; 83 healthy school children (median age 13 years) served as controls. |
| 4838 | 6337453 | At onset of IDDM, serum and blood clot zinc concentrations were reduced with a gradual increase towards normal within 1 month of insulin therapy. |
| 4839 | 6337453 | Two main diabetic groups were investigated, viz, one consisting of 19 diabetic children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (median age 10 years) where a prospective study was made, and one where a retrospective examination was performed of 73 patients (median age 14 years) with a mean duration of IDDM of 7 years; 83 healthy school children (median age 13 years) served as controls. |
| 4840 | 6337453 | At onset of IDDM, serum and blood clot zinc concentrations were reduced with a gradual increase towards normal within 1 month of insulin therapy. |
| 4841 | 6338671 | CuZn superoxide dismutase, Mn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in lymphocytes and erythrocytes in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 4842 | 6338671 | CuZn superoxide dismutase, Mn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in lymphocytes and erythrocytes were studied in 9 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in 21 healthy children. |
| 4843 | 6338671 | The mean erythrocyte CuZn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were statistically significantly lower in the IDDM group compared with the controls although almost all IDDM results fell within the mean +/- 2 SD limits of the controls. |
| 4844 | 6338671 | Erythrocyte catalase as well as lymphocyte CuZn superoxide dismutase and Mn superoxide dismutase did not differ from the controls. |
| 4845 | 6338671 | CuZn superoxide dismutase, Mn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in lymphocytes and erythrocytes in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 4846 | 6338671 | CuZn superoxide dismutase, Mn superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in lymphocytes and erythrocytes were studied in 9 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in 21 healthy children. |
| 4847 | 6338671 | The mean erythrocyte CuZn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were statistically significantly lower in the IDDM group compared with the controls although almost all IDDM results fell within the mean +/- 2 SD limits of the controls. |
| 4848 | 6338671 | Erythrocyte catalase as well as lymphocyte CuZn superoxide dismutase and Mn superoxide dismutase did not differ from the controls. |
| 4849 | 6339306 | Pharmacokinetic models of insulin were examined in order to describe a plasma concentration-time profile after subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of insulin to the patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 4850 | 6339306 | The following conclusions can be drawn from these results: (1) the plasma concentration-time profile of insulin after CSII or bolus s.c. injection can be analyzed by pharmacokinetic modeling, (2) the absorption kinetics of insulin did ot differ significantly between two modes of s.c. insulin administration in the patients with IDDM or NIDDM, and (3) the insulin after CSII or single bolus s.c. injection seems to be degraded at the s.c. site to the same extent. |
| 4851 | 6339306 | Pharmacokinetic models of insulin were examined in order to describe a plasma concentration-time profile after subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of insulin to the patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 4852 | 6339306 | The following conclusions can be drawn from these results: (1) the plasma concentration-time profile of insulin after CSII or bolus s.c. injection can be analyzed by pharmacokinetic modeling, (2) the absorption kinetics of insulin did ot differ significantly between two modes of s.c. insulin administration in the patients with IDDM or NIDDM, and (3) the insulin after CSII or single bolus s.c. injection seems to be degraded at the s.c. site to the same extent. |
| 4853 | 6339368 | Among the conditions which have been shown to be HLA-associated more recently, four deserves special mention: (i) maternal immunization against the Zwa antigen because this is a good candidate for an antigen-specific Ir gene action; (ii) IgA deficiency in blood donors because this is a non-antigen-specific immunodeficiency; (iii) idiopathic hemochromatosis and (iv) congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-OH deficiency because immune mechanisms are unlikely to be involved. |
| 4854 | 6339368 | HLA plays a definite and strong role in the susceptibility to IDDM, but simple genetic models (dominant, recessive, and intermediate) have been made unlikely on the basis of HLA results; the hypothesis that there are two different susceptibility genes within the HLA system still remains viable, but the demonstration of clinical heterogeneity and/or (better) of different pathogenetic pathways for DR3- and DR4-associated IDDM is required to substantiate it. |
| 4855 | 6339614 | We have studied the occurrence of two phenotypic components (pancreatic lymphocytic infiltration [PLI] of the pancreas and T lymphocytopenia) of the spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetic syndrome (IDDM) in the progeny of hybrids obtained by crossing BB diabetic rats with rats of inbred strains differing from the BB rat at the major histocompatibility complex, RT1. |
| 4856 | 6339614 | We interpret this evidence to suggest that the overt IDDM syndrome requires one MHC-linked gene and at least two non-MHC-linked genes, which determine susceptibility to PLI and to circulating T lymphocyte depression. |
| 4857 | 6339614 | We have studied the occurrence of two phenotypic components (pancreatic lymphocytic infiltration [PLI] of the pancreas and T lymphocytopenia) of the spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetic syndrome (IDDM) in the progeny of hybrids obtained by crossing BB diabetic rats with rats of inbred strains differing from the BB rat at the major histocompatibility complex, RT1. |
| 4858 | 6339614 | We interpret this evidence to suggest that the overt IDDM syndrome requires one MHC-linked gene and at least two non-MHC-linked genes, which determine susceptibility to PLI and to circulating T lymphocyte depression. |
| 4859 | 6341761 | In order to evaluate the effects of moderate alcohol intake on intermediate metabolites, five normal subjects and five euglycemic insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) were administered two different isocaloric diets; in one diet 35% of the caloric intake consisted of red wine. |
| 4860 | 6343018 | Both LJM and DC occurred not only in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) but also in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 4861 | 6345995 | The spontaneous diabetes of the BB Wistar rat has many homologies to that of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4862 | 6345995 | With overt IDDM, insulin levels are low and unresponsive. |
| 4863 | 6345995 | The spontaneous diabetes of the BB Wistar rat has many homologies to that of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4864 | 6345995 | With overt IDDM, insulin levels are low and unresponsive. |
| 4865 | 6345996 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulitis followed by impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or an insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) syndrome. |
| 4866 | 6346102 | Autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 4867 | 6346102 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and its aetiology is thought to involve autoimmune damage to the islet cells that secrete insulin. |
| 4868 | 6346102 | To investigate an additional target of autoimmunity in IDDM we examined sera for antibodies to insulin receptors. |
| 4869 | 6346102 | We now report the occurrence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies of the IgM class in the sera of 10 of 22 IDDM patients obtained before their treatment with exogenous insulin. |
| 4870 | 6346102 | Furthermore, two of five IDDM patients who were initially negative developed anti-insulin receptor antibodies during treatment with human or pork insulin. |
| 4871 | 6346102 | These findings suggest that autoimmunity to the insulin receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of IDDM. |
| 4872 | 6346102 | Autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 4873 | 6346102 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and its aetiology is thought to involve autoimmune damage to the islet cells that secrete insulin. |
| 4874 | 6346102 | To investigate an additional target of autoimmunity in IDDM we examined sera for antibodies to insulin receptors. |
| 4875 | 6346102 | We now report the occurrence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies of the IgM class in the sera of 10 of 22 IDDM patients obtained before their treatment with exogenous insulin. |
| 4876 | 6346102 | Furthermore, two of five IDDM patients who were initially negative developed anti-insulin receptor antibodies during treatment with human or pork insulin. |
| 4877 | 6346102 | These findings suggest that autoimmunity to the insulin receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of IDDM. |
| 4878 | 6346102 | Autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 4879 | 6346102 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and its aetiology is thought to involve autoimmune damage to the islet cells that secrete insulin. |
| 4880 | 6346102 | To investigate an additional target of autoimmunity in IDDM we examined sera for antibodies to insulin receptors. |
| 4881 | 6346102 | We now report the occurrence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies of the IgM class in the sera of 10 of 22 IDDM patients obtained before their treatment with exogenous insulin. |
| 4882 | 6346102 | Furthermore, two of five IDDM patients who were initially negative developed anti-insulin receptor antibodies during treatment with human or pork insulin. |
| 4883 | 6346102 | These findings suggest that autoimmunity to the insulin receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of IDDM. |
| 4884 | 6346102 | Autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 4885 | 6346102 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and its aetiology is thought to involve autoimmune damage to the islet cells that secrete insulin. |
| 4886 | 6346102 | To investigate an additional target of autoimmunity in IDDM we examined sera for antibodies to insulin receptors. |
| 4887 | 6346102 | We now report the occurrence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies of the IgM class in the sera of 10 of 22 IDDM patients obtained before their treatment with exogenous insulin. |
| 4888 | 6346102 | Furthermore, two of five IDDM patients who were initially negative developed anti-insulin receptor antibodies during treatment with human or pork insulin. |
| 4889 | 6346102 | These findings suggest that autoimmunity to the insulin receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of IDDM. |
| 4890 | 6346102 | Autoantibodies to the insulin receptor in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 4891 | 6346102 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually begins in childhood or early adulthood, and its aetiology is thought to involve autoimmune damage to the islet cells that secrete insulin. |
| 4892 | 6346102 | To investigate an additional target of autoimmunity in IDDM we examined sera for antibodies to insulin receptors. |
| 4893 | 6346102 | We now report the occurrence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies of the IgM class in the sera of 10 of 22 IDDM patients obtained before their treatment with exogenous insulin. |
| 4894 | 6346102 | Furthermore, two of five IDDM patients who were initially negative developed anti-insulin receptor antibodies during treatment with human or pork insulin. |
| 4895 | 6346102 | These findings suggest that autoimmunity to the insulin receptor may contribute to the pathophysiology of IDDM. |
| 4896 | 6347771 | Cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies and endogenous insulin secretion were studied in 184 children and adolescents having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a cross-sectional study. |
| 4897 | 6349244 | Serum lipids and lipoproteins were measured in 157 insulin dependent diabetic children and adolescents (IDDM) and in 350 healthy reference individuals. |
| 4898 | 6350557 | These studies demonstrate a unique constellation of organisms populating the subgingival area in periodontitis lesions of patients with juvenile or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4899 | 6350557 | This distinguishes the subgingival flora of IDDM patients suffering from periodontitis from that of patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), and that of adult periodontitis patients. |
| 4900 | 6350557 | These studies demonstrate a unique constellation of organisms populating the subgingival area in periodontitis lesions of patients with juvenile or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4901 | 6350557 | This distinguishes the subgingival flora of IDDM patients suffering from periodontitis from that of patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), and that of adult periodontitis patients. |
| 4902 | 6352376 | Glycemic control was achieved in 14 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by 36-48-h treatment with a recently marketed clinical model, Biostator glucose controller (Life Science Instruments, Miles Laboratories, Elkhart, Indiana). |
| 4903 | 6358145 | One hundred and seventy eight insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) have been studied regarding their understanding of and compliance with a controlled carbohydrate diet. |
| 4904 | 6358777 | Fasting and postglucose C-peptide responses were assessed in TPD and compared with noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM), insulin-dependent (IDDM), and control groups, matched for body weight. |
| 4905 | 6361439 | The hormonal (growth hormone, glucagon, cortisol) and metabolic (glucose, ketone bodies) responses to 30 min of continuous vs 30 min of intermittent exercise were evaluated in five male children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five healthy male children. |
| 4906 | 6363172 | Asians [17 nondiabetic, 2 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 8 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)] exhibited the least variation in the size of this locus and 98% of the alleles in this group were class 1. |
| 4907 | 6364639 | Ultrastructural, immunohistological, and clinical findings in the pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 4908 | 6364639 | Electron microscopical and immunohistological findings in small biopsies obtained at surgery from two subjects with longstanding type-I-diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] are described and demonstrated in relation to clinical data. |
| 4909 | 6364639 | Ultrastructural, immunohistological, and clinical findings in the pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 4910 | 6364639 | Electron microscopical and immunohistological findings in small biopsies obtained at surgery from two subjects with longstanding type-I-diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] are described and demonstrated in relation to clinical data. |
| 4911 | 6365659 | We determined the effects of plasmapheresis on cytotoxic antibodies to islet cells in 10 children (aged 11-16 yr) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as well as the plasma levels of antibodies over the next 30 mo and their relation to serum C-peptide concentrations. |
| 4912 | 6366551 | The dawn phenomenon is a condition recently described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is characterized by abrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose or insulin requirements or both between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycemia. |
| 4913 | 6366551 | To determine its potential clinical relevance, we assessed its frequency and reproducibility in 20 patients with IDDM and in 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during overnight closed-loop (feedback-controlled) intravenous insulin infusion. |
| 4914 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 4915 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 4916 | 6366551 | Thus, the dawn phenomenon occurs commonly in both NIDDM and IDDM, but its potential variability must be taken into consideration when one is attempting to adjust insulin doses. |
| 4917 | 6366551 | The dawn phenomenon is a condition recently described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is characterized by abrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose or insulin requirements or both between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycemia. |
| 4918 | 6366551 | To determine its potential clinical relevance, we assessed its frequency and reproducibility in 20 patients with IDDM and in 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during overnight closed-loop (feedback-controlled) intravenous insulin infusion. |
| 4919 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 4920 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 4921 | 6366551 | Thus, the dawn phenomenon occurs commonly in both NIDDM and IDDM, but its potential variability must be taken into consideration when one is attempting to adjust insulin doses. |
| 4922 | 6366551 | The dawn phenomenon is a condition recently described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is characterized by abrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose or insulin requirements or both between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycemia. |
| 4923 | 6366551 | To determine its potential clinical relevance, we assessed its frequency and reproducibility in 20 patients with IDDM and in 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during overnight closed-loop (feedback-controlled) intravenous insulin infusion. |
| 4924 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 4925 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 4926 | 6366551 | Thus, the dawn phenomenon occurs commonly in both NIDDM and IDDM, but its potential variability must be taken into consideration when one is attempting to adjust insulin doses. |
| 4927 | 6366551 | The dawn phenomenon is a condition recently described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is characterized by abrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose or insulin requirements or both between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycemia. |
| 4928 | 6366551 | To determine its potential clinical relevance, we assessed its frequency and reproducibility in 20 patients with IDDM and in 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during overnight closed-loop (feedback-controlled) intravenous insulin infusion. |
| 4929 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 4930 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 4931 | 6366551 | Thus, the dawn phenomenon occurs commonly in both NIDDM and IDDM, but its potential variability must be taken into consideration when one is attempting to adjust insulin doses. |
| 4932 | 6366551 | The dawn phenomenon is a condition recently described in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is characterized by abrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose or insulin requirements or both between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycemia. |
| 4933 | 6366551 | To determine its potential clinical relevance, we assessed its frequency and reproducibility in 20 patients with IDDM and in 13 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) during overnight closed-loop (feedback-controlled) intravenous insulin infusion. |
| 4934 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 4935 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 4936 | 6366551 | Thus, the dawn phenomenon occurs commonly in both NIDDM and IDDM, but its potential variability must be taken into consideration when one is attempting to adjust insulin doses. |
| 4937 | 6368290 | Blood T-cells from 28 patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes (IDDM) of variable duration were examined for the Tac antigen by immunofluorescence, and for proliferation in the presence of interleukin 2 (IL 2). |
| 4938 | 6368295 | To assess the effects of glycemic control on glucose counterregulation, rates of plasma glucose recovery from hypoglycemia and counterregulatory hormonal responses were studied in 18 C-peptide-negative patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after either improvement, no change, or deterioration in glycemic control. |
| 4939 | 6368295 | Intensive therapy (three daily injections of insulin) instituted in 7 out of 13 IDDM patients for up to 9 mo improved MBG (124 +/- 6 mg/dl, P less than 0.01) and ketoamine-HbA1 (7.9 +/- 0.02%, P less than 0.01) but not rates of plasma glucose recovery (0.31 +/- 0.01 mg/dl X min) and plasma glucagon (AUC 0.69 +/- 0.07 ng/ml X 150 min) and epinephrine (AUC 14.9 +/- 0.17 ng/ml X 150 min) responses. |
| 4940 | 6368295 | To assess the effects of glycemic control on glucose counterregulation, rates of plasma glucose recovery from hypoglycemia and counterregulatory hormonal responses were studied in 18 C-peptide-negative patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after either improvement, no change, or deterioration in glycemic control. |
| 4941 | 6368295 | Intensive therapy (three daily injections of insulin) instituted in 7 out of 13 IDDM patients for up to 9 mo improved MBG (124 +/- 6 mg/dl, P less than 0.01) and ketoamine-HbA1 (7.9 +/- 0.02%, P less than 0.01) but not rates of plasma glucose recovery (0.31 +/- 0.01 mg/dl X min) and plasma glucagon (AUC 0.69 +/- 0.07 ng/ml X 150 min) and epinephrine (AUC 14.9 +/- 0.17 ng/ml X 150 min) responses. |
| 4942 | 6368593 | To elucidate the mechanisms controlling the response of glucagon to hypoglycemia, a vital component of the counterregulatory hormonal response, the role of intraislet insulin was studied in seven normal subjects and five subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (of less than 15-mo duration). |
| 4943 | 6368593 | Thus, loss of beta cell function is not responsible for alpha cell failure during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM. |
| 4944 | 6368593 | To elucidate the mechanisms controlling the response of glucagon to hypoglycemia, a vital component of the counterregulatory hormonal response, the role of intraislet insulin was studied in seven normal subjects and five subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (of less than 15-mo duration). |
| 4945 | 6368593 | Thus, loss of beta cell function is not responsible for alpha cell failure during insulin-induced hypoglycemia in IDDM. |
| 4946 | 6372349 | Blood mononuclear cells obtained from 17 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients treated with insulin for 5-7 days were assessed for the number of spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated immunoglobulin-secreting cells in a reverse haemolytic plaque assay. |
| 4947 | 6372349 | The quantities of PWM-stimulated IgG, IgM, or IgA secreting cells in IDDM were comparable to the controls. |
| 4948 | 6372349 | Blood mononuclear cells obtained from 17 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients treated with insulin for 5-7 days were assessed for the number of spontaneous and pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-stimulated immunoglobulin-secreting cells in a reverse haemolytic plaque assay. |
| 4949 | 6372349 | The quantities of PWM-stimulated IgG, IgM, or IgA secreting cells in IDDM were comparable to the controls. |
| 4950 | 6373317 | Methods and effects of improved conventional insulin treatment in labile insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 4951 | 6373317 | In 92 particularly unstable IDDM patients we have tried to avoid any gap in daily insulin supply by applying one out of four newly designed combinations of regular and depot insulin. |
| 4952 | 6373317 | Methods and effects of improved conventional insulin treatment in labile insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 4953 | 6373317 | In 92 particularly unstable IDDM patients we have tried to avoid any gap in daily insulin supply by applying one out of four newly designed combinations of regular and depot insulin. |
| 4954 | 6373322 | A high proportion of twins, but not of IGT subjects, had HLA DR3 or DR4 antigens which seem to confer genetic susceptibility to the development of IDDM. |
| 4955 | 6373322 | In the majority of DR3/DR4 twins, ICSA were also present. |
| 4956 | 6373451 | The frequency and significance of cytoplasmic pancreatic alpha cell autoantibodies (ACA) were investigated in 2102 healthy controls, 879 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were negative for islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 1567 relatives of IDDM patients. |
| 4957 | 6373451 | ACA were found in approximately 1 in 200 people of all ages and were not significantly associated with IDDM, the IDDM-associated HLA phenotypes DR3 and DR4, or thyrogastric or adrenal autoantibodies. |
| 4958 | 6373451 | The frequency and significance of cytoplasmic pancreatic alpha cell autoantibodies (ACA) were investigated in 2102 healthy controls, 879 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were negative for islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 1567 relatives of IDDM patients. |
| 4959 | 6373451 | ACA were found in approximately 1 in 200 people of all ages and were not significantly associated with IDDM, the IDDM-associated HLA phenotypes DR3 and DR4, or thyrogastric or adrenal autoantibodies. |
| 4960 | 6374455 | We assessed glucose counterregulation during intensive insulin therapy in 20 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by injecting therapeutic doses of regular insulin subcutaneously after overnight maintenance of euglycemia. |
| 4961 | 6374896 | Spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the BB rat is associated with the presence of antibodies to a 64-kilodalton rat islet cell protein. |
| 4962 | 6374968 | Serum free C-peptide immunoreactivities (serum free CPR) during a 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured in 21 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, with abrupt onset and ketosis-prone), 57 insulin-treated patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( INIDDM , with gradual onset and not ketosis-prone), 39 oral hypoglycemic agent-treated patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ( ONIDDM ) and 9 healthy young men for control study. |
| 4963 | 6376012 | Mumps infection and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4964 | 6376014 | A 21-yr-old Caucasian man developed accelerated irreversible dense bilateral cataracts 4 wk after control of his newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 12 wk after the onset of his symptoms. |
| 4965 | 6376017 | To the extent that they have deficient glucagon secretory responses to plasma glucose decrements, as they commonly do, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are dependent on epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote recovery from hypoglycemia. |
| 4966 | 6376017 | However, oral administration of the relatively selective beta 1-adrenergic antagonist metoprolol (100 mg) and of the nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (80 mg) both impaired recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 4967 | 6376017 | To the extent that they have deficient glucagon secretory responses to plasma glucose decrements, as they commonly do, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are dependent on epinephrine-mediated beta-adrenergic mechanisms to promote recovery from hypoglycemia. |
| 4968 | 6376017 | However, oral administration of the relatively selective beta 1-adrenergic antagonist metoprolol (100 mg) and of the nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol (80 mg) both impaired recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 4969 | 6376019 | We report a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and advanced retinopathy and nephropathy who had three pregnancies. |
| 4970 | 6380308 | Defective recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia, due to combined deficiencies of glucagon and epinephrine secretory responses to plasma glucose decrements, occurs in some patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4971 | 6380308 | Patients with IDDM determined to have inadequate glucose counterregulation during an insulin infusion test (40 mU X kg-1 X h-1) with bedside plasma glucose monitoring and clinical observation have been found to have a 25-fold greater risk of severe hypoglycemia during subsequent intensive therapy than patients with adequate glucose counterregulation. |
| 4972 | 6380308 | Defective recovery from insulin-induced hypoglycemia, due to combined deficiencies of glucagon and epinephrine secretory responses to plasma glucose decrements, occurs in some patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 4973 | 6380308 | Patients with IDDM determined to have inadequate glucose counterregulation during an insulin infusion test (40 mU X kg-1 X h-1) with bedside plasma glucose monitoring and clinical observation have been found to have a 25-fold greater risk of severe hypoglycemia during subsequent intensive therapy than patients with adequate glucose counterregulation. |
| 4974 | 6381006 | The present study was designed to compare continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) using the Mill-Hill Infuser (Muirhead Medical Products Ltd., London, England) with multiple injections (MI) using the Medi-Jector (Derata Corporation, Minneapolis, Minnesota) in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and to assess the effect of glucose control on diabetes complications. |
| 4975 | 6381006 | We conclude the following: (1) treatment with both the Mill-Hill Infuser and the Medi-Jector was well accepted by the patients and resulted in similar improvement in measured blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin; (2) this improved metabolic control was associated with an increased nerve conductivity and a decreased protein excretion; and (3) MI required 20% more insulin than CSII to achieve similar glycemic control. |
| 4976 | 6383851 | Short-term of the artificial beta-cell (Biostator) on pancreatic glucagon response in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM). |
| 4977 | 6383851 | The short-term effect of the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS) Biostator on metabolic and hormonal responses to a 2 h glucose infusion (0.33 g/kg body weight glucose i.v. followed by an infusion of 12 mg/kg/min) was studied in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 4978 | 6383851 | The results provide further support that abnormal glucagon response in some IDDM is secondary to insulin deficiency. |
| 4979 | 6383851 | Short-term of the artificial beta-cell (Biostator) on pancreatic glucagon response in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM). |
| 4980 | 6383851 | The short-term effect of the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS) Biostator on metabolic and hormonal responses to a 2 h glucose infusion (0.33 g/kg body weight glucose i.v. followed by an infusion of 12 mg/kg/min) was studied in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 4981 | 6383851 | The results provide further support that abnormal glucagon response in some IDDM is secondary to insulin deficiency. |
| 4982 | 6383851 | Short-term of the artificial beta-cell (Biostator) on pancreatic glucagon response in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM). |
| 4983 | 6383851 | The short-term effect of the glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS) Biostator on metabolic and hormonal responses to a 2 h glucose infusion (0.33 g/kg body weight glucose i.v. followed by an infusion of 12 mg/kg/min) was studied in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 4984 | 6383851 | The results provide further support that abnormal glucagon response in some IDDM is secondary to insulin deficiency. |
| 4985 | 6383905 | There is heterogeneity within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and it has been suggested that the presence of the HLA-DR specificities DR3 and DR4 define two subsets of IDDM with clear differences in their immune response to therapeutic insulin. |
| 4986 | 6383905 | To test this hypothesis, we have prospectively studies the development of insulin binding antibody (IBA) in 54 subjects with newly diagnosed, classical childhood IDDM, determined seven binding constants of their IBA, and measured the presence or absence of pancreatic polypeptide-binding antibodies after 1 yr of therapy with insulin. |
| 4987 | 6383905 | There were no relationships between insulin and pancreatic polypeptide antibodies and the DR3 or DR4 specificities whether these specificities were tested for alone or in combination, comparing the presence and absence of DR3 and DR4 and comparing DR3 with DR4, except that of the 33% of all subjects who developed antibodies binding pancreatic polypeptide by 1 yr, none possessed the DR3 specificity alone (P = 0.018). |
| 4988 | 6383905 | Thus, the hypothesis that the HLA-DR3 and -DR4 specificities are major determinants of IBA formation and, therefore, define important subsets of childhood IDDM in terms of immune response to therapeutic insulin is not substantiated by this study. |
| 4989 | 6383905 | There is heterogeneity within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and it has been suggested that the presence of the HLA-DR specificities DR3 and DR4 define two subsets of IDDM with clear differences in their immune response to therapeutic insulin. |
| 4990 | 6383905 | To test this hypothesis, we have prospectively studies the development of insulin binding antibody (IBA) in 54 subjects with newly diagnosed, classical childhood IDDM, determined seven binding constants of their IBA, and measured the presence or absence of pancreatic polypeptide-binding antibodies after 1 yr of therapy with insulin. |
| 4991 | 6383905 | There were no relationships between insulin and pancreatic polypeptide antibodies and the DR3 or DR4 specificities whether these specificities were tested for alone or in combination, comparing the presence and absence of DR3 and DR4 and comparing DR3 with DR4, except that of the 33% of all subjects who developed antibodies binding pancreatic polypeptide by 1 yr, none possessed the DR3 specificity alone (P = 0.018). |
| 4992 | 6383905 | Thus, the hypothesis that the HLA-DR3 and -DR4 specificities are major determinants of IBA formation and, therefore, define important subsets of childhood IDDM in terms of immune response to therapeutic insulin is not substantiated by this study. |
| 4993 | 6383905 | There is heterogeneity within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and it has been suggested that the presence of the HLA-DR specificities DR3 and DR4 define two subsets of IDDM with clear differences in their immune response to therapeutic insulin. |
| 4994 | 6383905 | To test this hypothesis, we have prospectively studies the development of insulin binding antibody (IBA) in 54 subjects with newly diagnosed, classical childhood IDDM, determined seven binding constants of their IBA, and measured the presence or absence of pancreatic polypeptide-binding antibodies after 1 yr of therapy with insulin. |
| 4995 | 6383905 | There were no relationships between insulin and pancreatic polypeptide antibodies and the DR3 or DR4 specificities whether these specificities were tested for alone or in combination, comparing the presence and absence of DR3 and DR4 and comparing DR3 with DR4, except that of the 33% of all subjects who developed antibodies binding pancreatic polypeptide by 1 yr, none possessed the DR3 specificity alone (P = 0.018). |
| 4996 | 6383905 | Thus, the hypothesis that the HLA-DR3 and -DR4 specificities are major determinants of IBA formation and, therefore, define important subsets of childhood IDDM in terms of immune response to therapeutic insulin is not substantiated by this study. |
| 4997 | 6385308 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) there is a strong link with the HLA system with regard to the inheritance of 'susceptible' diabetic genes, especially the DR3 and DR4 alleles. |
| 4998 | 6385308 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has no clear HLA link, but has been shown in studies of twins to have a stronger genetic basis than IDDM. |
| 4999 | 6385308 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) there is a strong link with the HLA system with regard to the inheritance of 'susceptible' diabetic genes, especially the DR3 and DR4 alleles. |
| 5000 | 6385308 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has no clear HLA link, but has been shown in studies of twins to have a stronger genetic basis than IDDM. |
| 5001 | 6387483 | To determine the roles of glucose counterregulation and the waning of insulin action in the development of posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia (the Somogyi phenomenon), we studied changes in plasma glucose and glucose turnover in five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after subcutaneous injection of insulin under conditions in which hypoglycemic glucose counterregulation and the waning of insulin action were allowed to occur or were prevented. |
| 5002 | 6387483 | We conclude that hypoglycemia can cause rebound hyperglycemia in the absence of insulin waning in patients with IDDM, and that this results primarily from an excessive increase in glucose production due to activation of glucose counterregulatory systems. |
| 5003 | 6387483 | To determine the roles of glucose counterregulation and the waning of insulin action in the development of posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia (the Somogyi phenomenon), we studied changes in plasma glucose and glucose turnover in five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after subcutaneous injection of insulin under conditions in which hypoglycemic glucose counterregulation and the waning of insulin action were allowed to occur or were prevented. |
| 5004 | 6387483 | We conclude that hypoglycemia can cause rebound hyperglycemia in the absence of insulin waning in patients with IDDM, and that this results primarily from an excessive increase in glucose production due to activation of glucose counterregulatory systems. |
| 5005 | 6388459 | Present knowledge regarding the HLA system and the association between HLA antigens and insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed. |
| 5006 | 6388459 | The frequency of HLA antigens B7, B8 (in linkage disequilibrium with DR3), B15 (in linkage disequilibrium with DR4) and B18 was examined in comparison with a Piemontese control group. |
| 5007 | 6389701 | The results obtained using this new method in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were not only sensitive, but also correlated with results of the indirect immunofluorescence method currently used for detecting ICSA. |
| 5008 | 6392072 | To investigate whether the development of islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the course of mumps infection is associated with a "diabetes-like" immunogenetic condition, 45 children with mumps complications as well as 56 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA ABC and DR antigens. |
| 5009 | 6392072 | In the IDDM group, significant deviations from antigen frequencies of normal controls were observed for HLA Bw39, DR2, DR3, and DR4. |
| 5010 | 6392072 | To investigate whether the development of islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the course of mumps infection is associated with a "diabetes-like" immunogenetic condition, 45 children with mumps complications as well as 56 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA ABC and DR antigens. |
| 5011 | 6392072 | In the IDDM group, significant deviations from antigen frequencies of normal controls were observed for HLA Bw39, DR2, DR3, and DR4. |
| 5012 | 6393434 | The patients included 296 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 320 with noninsulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 5013 | 6393434 | Concerning the relationship between HLA-type and ICA in IDDM, there was a tendency for the prevalence of BW54, DR4 and MT3 of HLA to be higher in the ICA-negative group than in the ICA-positive group or the non-diabetic group. |
| 5014 | 6393434 | The patients included 296 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 320 with noninsulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 5015 | 6393434 | Concerning the relationship between HLA-type and ICA in IDDM, there was a tendency for the prevalence of BW54, DR4 and MT3 of HLA to be higher in the ICA-negative group than in the ICA-positive group or the non-diabetic group. |
| 5016 | 6393435 | Islet-cell antibodies (ICA) were studied in 538 Japanese diabetics with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5017 | 6393435 | The overall prevalence of ICA was 17% (16/93), 4% (7/164), 2% (2/90) and 3% (5/191) in IDDM, NIDDM treated with insulin, NIDDM treated with oral hypoglycemic agents, and NIDDM treated by diet alone, respectively. |
| 5018 | 6393435 | Islet-cell antibodies (ICA) were studied in 538 Japanese diabetics with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5019 | 6393435 | The overall prevalence of ICA was 17% (16/93), 4% (7/164), 2% (2/90) and 3% (5/191) in IDDM, NIDDM treated with insulin, NIDDM treated with oral hypoglycemic agents, and NIDDM treated by diet alone, respectively. |
| 5020 | 6393445 | We investigated the relationship between the recovery or improved response of endogenous insulin and the control of blood glucose in juvenile diabetes (IDDM) treated with the continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin (CSII). (1) It is unlikely that the decrease in endogenous insulin secretion over several years following onset of IDDM in 43 subjects was uniform in terms of urinary c-peptide (u-CPR) excretion. (2) In 27 newly diagnosed cases of IDDM, the group receiving CSII (n = 18) showed more satisfactory results, including greater stability of blood glucose, a more rapid decrease in insulin requirements and an earlier improvement in u-CPR compared to the control group who were receiving conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy (n = 9). (3) U-CPR increased with the improvement in blood glucose control within 2 to 4 wks of the initiation of CSII in 6 of 8 already-treated cases of IDDM, while daily insulin requirements did not differ significantly before and after CSII. |
| 5021 | 6393445 | Since short-term CSII therapy improved u-CPR response by normalizing blood glucose not only in newly diagnosed but also known diabetic, therapy should be directed toward the long-term intensive control of blood glucose in order to maintain the potency of endogenous insulin secretion especially in newly-diagnosed cases of insulin secretion especially in newly-diagnosed cases of IDDM. |
| 5022 | 6393445 | We investigated the relationship between the recovery or improved response of endogenous insulin and the control of blood glucose in juvenile diabetes (IDDM) treated with the continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin (CSII). (1) It is unlikely that the decrease in endogenous insulin secretion over several years following onset of IDDM in 43 subjects was uniform in terms of urinary c-peptide (u-CPR) excretion. (2) In 27 newly diagnosed cases of IDDM, the group receiving CSII (n = 18) showed more satisfactory results, including greater stability of blood glucose, a more rapid decrease in insulin requirements and an earlier improvement in u-CPR compared to the control group who were receiving conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy (n = 9). (3) U-CPR increased with the improvement in blood glucose control within 2 to 4 wks of the initiation of CSII in 6 of 8 already-treated cases of IDDM, while daily insulin requirements did not differ significantly before and after CSII. |
| 5023 | 6393445 | Since short-term CSII therapy improved u-CPR response by normalizing blood glucose not only in newly diagnosed but also known diabetic, therapy should be directed toward the long-term intensive control of blood glucose in order to maintain the potency of endogenous insulin secretion especially in newly-diagnosed cases of insulin secretion especially in newly-diagnosed cases of IDDM. |
| 5024 | 6395563 | A description is given of the electron microscopic-morphometric findings obtained for the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas and for the glucagon-producing A cells of one patient suffering from longstanding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes), two patients with longstanding insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type II diabetes), and one non-diabetic. |
| 5025 | 6398261 | Near normalization of metabolism of IDDM: comparison of continuous subcutaneous (CSII) versus intraperitoneal (CIPII) insulin delivery. |
| 5026 | 6399521 | Post-prandial hyperglycemia or meal intolerance has been documented in a majority of patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) receiving conventional insulin treatment. |
| 5027 | 6399521 | We observed that prolongation of the time period between insulin and meal did not alter the magnitude of the post-meal rise in glucose concentration in the IDDM group. |
| 5028 | 6399521 | Furthermore, meal intolerance persisted despite the significantly higher pre-meal levels of insulin in the IDDM group compared to the controls. |
| 5029 | 6399521 | Post-prandial hyperglycemia or meal intolerance has been documented in a majority of patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) receiving conventional insulin treatment. |
| 5030 | 6399521 | We observed that prolongation of the time period between insulin and meal did not alter the magnitude of the post-meal rise in glucose concentration in the IDDM group. |
| 5031 | 6399521 | Furthermore, meal intolerance persisted despite the significantly higher pre-meal levels of insulin in the IDDM group compared to the controls. |
| 5032 | 6399521 | Post-prandial hyperglycemia or meal intolerance has been documented in a majority of patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) receiving conventional insulin treatment. |
| 5033 | 6399521 | We observed that prolongation of the time period between insulin and meal did not alter the magnitude of the post-meal rise in glucose concentration in the IDDM group. |
| 5034 | 6399521 | Furthermore, meal intolerance persisted despite the significantly higher pre-meal levels of insulin in the IDDM group compared to the controls. |
| 5035 | 6400713 | Hypothyroidism is found in about 3% of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5036 | 6402405 | HLA genotypic study of insulin-dependent diabetes the excess of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes allows rejection of the recessive hypothesis. |
| 5037 | 6402405 | The genetics of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is currently an area of controversy, with some investigators proposing heterogeneity within the HLA region and even the existence of non-HLA-linked susceptibility genes, and others maintaining that a simple autosomal recessive gene linked to HLA with reduced penetrance is an adequate explanation. |
| 5038 | 6402405 | It is shown that if the number of DR3/DR4 heterozygotes in a diabetic population exceeds the combined sum of DR3/3 and DR4/4 homozygotes in that same diabetic population, then a recessive mode of inheritance can be rejected. |
| 5039 | 6417336 | We report two families selected from 124 genotyped Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families because of unusual features. |
| 5040 | 6419012 | The diabetics were separated into two groups: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, n = 78) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, n = 92). |
| 5041 | 6420900 | Blacks and Indians with early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in order to assess the prevalence of acute and chronic complications. |
| 5042 | 6423354 | Pathophysiology of beta cell failure after prolonged remission of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5043 | 6431066 | Comprehensive evaluation of thyroid hormone indices was performed in 58 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the time of diagnosis and prior to insulin therapy. |
| 5044 | 6434416 | In four insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) the excretion of 3-methylhistidine into urine was increased only when referred to body weight. |
| 5045 | 6439616 | Serum TSH, T4, T3, FT4, FT3, rT3, and TBG in youngsters with non-ketotic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5046 | 6439616 | Several parameters of thyroid function were studied in 112 non-ketoacidotic youngsters with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5047 | 6439616 | T4 levels in IDDM patients were positively related to T3, rT3 and TBG, and inversely related to haemoglobin A1 (HbA1). |
| 5048 | 6439616 | Serum TSH, T4, T3, FT4, FT3, rT3, and TBG in youngsters with non-ketotic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5049 | 6439616 | Several parameters of thyroid function were studied in 112 non-ketoacidotic youngsters with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5050 | 6439616 | T4 levels in IDDM patients were positively related to T3, rT3 and TBG, and inversely related to haemoglobin A1 (HbA1). |
| 5051 | 6440310 | Eighty-eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and seventy-two unrelated normal controls in Korea were studied for Gm allotypes and HLA-antigens. |
| 5052 | 6440312 | Using a selective immunochemical method, the activities of postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) were measured in 7 children with newly diagnosed IDDM, 39 on a conventional subcutaneous insulin regimen (CSC), and 11 children receiving continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin (CSII). |
| 5053 | 6440312 | LPL activity was decreased in untreated patients, and insulin treatment resulted in an increase in the LPL activity with a concomitant normalization of serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels. |
| 5054 | 6442706 | TRH-induced growth hormone release in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5055 | 6442706 | Growth hormone (GH) response was studied in 8 insulin-dependent and 7 non-insulin-dependent diabetics after stimulation with L-Dopa (500 mg orally) and TRH (0.2 mg iv.). |
| 5056 | 6442706 | L-Dopa induced a clear GH response in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in the control group while in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) peak GH levels were lower (P less than 0.05) and 4 of 7 subjects failed to respond to L-Dopa stimulation. |
| 5057 | 6442706 | Insulin-dependent diabetics responded to TRH stimulation and GH levels at 20 and 30 min were significantly higher as compared with NIDDM and the control group. |
| 5058 | 6442706 | It is suggested that TRH-induced GH release may be a characteristic feature in some patients with IDDM. |
| 5059 | 6442706 | TRH-induced growth hormone release in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5060 | 6442706 | Growth hormone (GH) response was studied in 8 insulin-dependent and 7 non-insulin-dependent diabetics after stimulation with L-Dopa (500 mg orally) and TRH (0.2 mg iv.). |
| 5061 | 6442706 | L-Dopa induced a clear GH response in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in the control group while in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) peak GH levels were lower (P less than 0.05) and 4 of 7 subjects failed to respond to L-Dopa stimulation. |
| 5062 | 6442706 | Insulin-dependent diabetics responded to TRH stimulation and GH levels at 20 and 30 min were significantly higher as compared with NIDDM and the control group. |
| 5063 | 6442706 | It is suggested that TRH-induced GH release may be a characteristic feature in some patients with IDDM. |
| 5064 | 6449332 | Suppressor cell activity (SCA) was studied in twenty-eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), both newly diagnosed and of longer standing. |
| 5065 | 6451048 | HLA--A, B and C antigens were determined from 63 cases of juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in northern Finland. |
| 5066 | 6459051 | All members of 33 families in which two or more sibs have insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were HLA-typed. |
| 5067 | 6466177 | Ten patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had fundus photographs and fluorescein angiograms obtained before and after a control period characterized by conventional insulin injections and a test period characterized by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). |
| 5068 | 6480821 | Renal biopsies in 45 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined by semiquantitative light microscopy and quantitative electron microscopic stereologic morphometry. |
| 5069 | 6484976 | Among those 551 diabetics, 198 patients were classified into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 337 into non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5070 | 6488563 | Plasma EC-superoxide dismutase activity in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 5071 | 6488563 | Toxic oxygen-centered radicals have been linked to beta-cell damage brought about by some chemicals and might conceivably also be of importance in the pathogenesis of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5072 | 6489376 | Significant high titres (1:400-1:25,600) of circulating thyroid microsomal antibodies (MCHA) were found in the sera of 5 out of 59 non-ketoacidotic, insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients (mean age 14.5 years). |
| 5073 | 6539218 | Generalizations of prognosis with regard to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in epidemiological statistics are impaired not only by great intraindividual variations, but also due to methodical difficulties. |
| 5074 | 6539222 | Is there a relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 5075 | 6539222 | The possible relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), circulating insulin antibodies and the occurrence of microangiopathy was studied in 144 IDDM. |
| 5076 | 6539222 | Insulin binding parameters (maximum binding capacity and equilibrium dissociation constant) were found to vary considerably with the Hp-phenotypes among IDDM. |
| 5077 | 6539222 | Is there a relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 5078 | 6539222 | The possible relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), circulating insulin antibodies and the occurrence of microangiopathy was studied in 144 IDDM. |
| 5079 | 6539222 | Insulin binding parameters (maximum binding capacity and equilibrium dissociation constant) were found to vary considerably with the Hp-phenotypes among IDDM. |
| 5080 | 6539222 | Is there a relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 5081 | 6539222 | The possible relationship between genetically determined haptoglobin phenotype and insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), circulating insulin antibodies and the occurrence of microangiopathy was studied in 144 IDDM. |
| 5082 | 6539222 | Insulin binding parameters (maximum binding capacity and equilibrium dissociation constant) were found to vary considerably with the Hp-phenotypes among IDDM. |
| 5083 | 6573128 | Heterozygous expression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) determinants in the HLA system. |
| 5084 | 6573128 | HLA phenotypes of cases with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and identity by descent of HLA haplotypes in affected sib-pairs support an intermediate model in which morbid risk is increased by one HLA-linked IDDM determinant, and greatly increased by two determinants, which may be qualitatively different in DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. |
| 5085 | 6573128 | Linkage analysis allowing for gametic disequilibrium reveals no recombination in pedigrees with a DR3/DR4 propositus, but spurious recombination in the remaining pedigrees. |
| 5086 | 6573128 | Heterozygous expression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) determinants in the HLA system. |
| 5087 | 6573128 | HLA phenotypes of cases with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and identity by descent of HLA haplotypes in affected sib-pairs support an intermediate model in which morbid risk is increased by one HLA-linked IDDM determinant, and greatly increased by two determinants, which may be qualitatively different in DR3 and DR4 haplotypes. |
| 5088 | 6573128 | Linkage analysis allowing for gametic disequilibrium reveals no recombination in pedigrees with a DR3/DR4 propositus, but spurious recombination in the remaining pedigrees. |
| 5089 | 6580815 | The search for heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): linkage studies, two-locus models, and genetic heterogeneity. |
| 5090 | 6580815 | One hundred families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed for linkage with 27 genetic markers, including HLA, properdin factor B (BF), and glyoxalase 1(GLO) on chromosome 6, and Kidd blood group (Jk) on chromosome 2. |
| 5091 | 6580815 | The search for heterogeneity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): linkage studies, two-locus models, and genetic heterogeneity. |
| 5092 | 6580815 | One hundred families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed for linkage with 27 genetic markers, including HLA, properdin factor B (BF), and glyoxalase 1(GLO) on chromosome 6, and Kidd blood group (Jk) on chromosome 2. |
| 5093 | 6589235 | The Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) study. |
| 5094 | 6589235 | The relationships between HLA antigens, sex, age at diagnosis, season of onset and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in a consecutive admissions series of newly-diagnosed IDDM patients at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 5095 | 6589235 | In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1). |
| 5096 | 6589235 | The Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) study. |
| 5097 | 6589235 | The relationships between HLA antigens, sex, age at diagnosis, season of onset and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in a consecutive admissions series of newly-diagnosed IDDM patients at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 5098 | 6589235 | In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1). |
| 5099 | 6589235 | The Pittsburgh Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) study. |
| 5100 | 6589235 | The relationships between HLA antigens, sex, age at diagnosis, season of onset and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied in a consecutive admissions series of newly-diagnosed IDDM patients at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. |
| 5101 | 6589235 | In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1). |
| 5102 | 6589390 | Absence of periodontitis in a population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 5103 | 6589390 | The prevalence of periodontitis was studied in a population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, aged 10-18, with a variety of disease durations and levels of control. |
| 5104 | 6589390 | Absence of periodontitis in a population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 5105 | 6589390 | The prevalence of periodontitis was studied in a population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, aged 10-18, with a variety of disease durations and levels of control. |
| 5106 | 6594040 | Two hundred subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA-B, HLA-DR, and properdin factor B (Bf). |
| 5107 | 6594040 | One haplotype (B7-BfS-DR2) exhibited significant negative association, while five haplotypes (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4, B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4) exhibited significant positive associations with IDDM. |
| 5108 | 6594040 | Two hundred subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were typed for HLA-B, HLA-DR, and properdin factor B (Bf). |
| 5109 | 6594040 | One haplotype (B7-BfS-DR2) exhibited significant negative association, while five haplotypes (B8-BfS-DR3, B8-BfS-DR4, B15-BfS-DR4, B18-BfF1-DR3, and B40-BfS-DR4) exhibited significant positive associations with IDDM. |
| 5110 | 6599405 | We studied 52 families having more than one member affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for linkage of an IDDM-susceptibility locus to the immunoglobulin loci KM and GM. |
| 5111 | 6609855 | Decreased synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5112 | 6609855 | Synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) by lymphocytes from 26 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) was compared with that by lymphocytes from 24 nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 5113 | 6609855 | IL-2 synthesis by 6 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) was not decreased (mean +/- SEM, 1.20 +/- 0.04 U/ml). |
| 5114 | 6609855 | These data suggest that decreased IL-2 synthesis is specific for IDDM, not explainable solely as a consequence of poor metabolic control, and thus, might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 5115 | 6609855 | Decreased synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5116 | 6609855 | Synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2) by lymphocytes from 26 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) was compared with that by lymphocytes from 24 nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 5117 | 6609855 | IL-2 synthesis by 6 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (NIDDM) was not decreased (mean +/- SEM, 1.20 +/- 0.04 U/ml). |
| 5118 | 6609855 | These data suggest that decreased IL-2 synthesis is specific for IDDM, not explainable solely as a consequence of poor metabolic control, and thus, might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 5119 | 6617414 | We examined 204 persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), aged 7-23 yr, and 336 of their first-degree relatives, to determine whether there is a genetic component to the development of limited joint mobility. |
| 5120 | 6653858 | We have determined in 128 diabetic (57 non insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and 71 insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients) and in control subjects, serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and Hb Alc levels. |
| 5121 | 6660030 | Three women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from childhood and early development of diabetic retinopathy are described. |
| 5122 | 6674110 | Genetic analysis of multiply-affected families of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) probands. |
| 5123 | 6674110 | The present study combines segregation and linkage information on 30 families ascertained through a proband and a first degree relative affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5124 | 6674110 | Genetic analysis of multiply-affected families of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) probands. |
| 5125 | 6674110 | The present study combines segregation and linkage information on 30 families ascertained through a proband and a first degree relative affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5126 | 6680480 | Among them, 198 were classified as insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), 237 as non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), 12 were unclassified, and four were classified as other types. |
| 5127 | 6680482 | It is speculative that our ethnic group is lacks the genetic factor, Bf F1 (which is strongly linked with HLA B18 and IDDM) and the increased association of S1. |
| 5128 | 6680499 | Patients were classified into 4 groups, NIDDM (n = 30), Insulin less than 20 U (n = 13) and Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U (n = 21) in adults and IDDM in children (n = 53). |
| 5129 | 6680499 | ABO blood group was found to have some association with Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U and IDDM. |
| 5130 | 6680499 | P1(+) was significantly rarer in the Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U group in adults, while this difference was not observed in IDDM in children. |
| 5131 | 6680499 | Patients were classified into 4 groups, NIDDM (n = 30), Insulin less than 20 U (n = 13) and Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U (n = 21) in adults and IDDM in children (n = 53). |
| 5132 | 6680499 | ABO blood group was found to have some association with Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U and IDDM. |
| 5133 | 6680499 | P1(+) was significantly rarer in the Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U group in adults, while this difference was not observed in IDDM in children. |
| 5134 | 6680499 | Patients were classified into 4 groups, NIDDM (n = 30), Insulin less than 20 U (n = 13) and Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U (n = 21) in adults and IDDM in children (n = 53). |
| 5135 | 6680499 | ABO blood group was found to have some association with Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U and IDDM. |
| 5136 | 6680499 | P1(+) was significantly rarer in the Insulin greater than or equal to 20 U group in adults, while this difference was not observed in IDDM in children. |
| 5137 | 6698317 | The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) morbidity and mortality study. |
| 5138 | 6698317 | A follow-up study of 1966 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were diagnosed at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (CHP) between 1950 and 1981 has been completed. |
| 5139 | 6698317 | The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) morbidity and mortality study. |
| 5140 | 6698317 | A follow-up study of 1966 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were diagnosed at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (CHP) between 1950 and 1981 has been completed. |
| 5141 | 6705666 | The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a regular vigorous physical activity program on children aged 5-11 yr with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5142 | 6722518 | The lipid composition of nerves, with and without xanthomatous alteration, and other tissues, was investigated post-mortem in a 36-year-old man with cholestatic hepatitis of unknown cause and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5143 | 6731038 | Forty-seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and diabetic nephropathy and 47 controls with IDDM without diabetic nephropathy were interviewed about their previous and current smoking habits. |
| 5144 | 6734383 | Children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined for scleroderma-like changes of digital sclerosis and joint contractures. |
| 5145 | 6734383 | The results further support the hypothesis that nonenzymatic glycosylation may alter the turnover of collagen, thus contributing to the development of a scleroderma-like syndrome with skin, joint, and pulmonary findings in patients with IDDM. |
| 5146 | 6734383 | Children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined for scleroderma-like changes of digital sclerosis and joint contractures. |
| 5147 | 6734383 | The results further support the hypothesis that nonenzymatic glycosylation may alter the turnover of collagen, thus contributing to the development of a scleroderma-like syndrome with skin, joint, and pulmonary findings in patients with IDDM. |
| 5148 | 6734391 | Cognitive processes in a group of neurologically asymptomatic patients with relatively severe but uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied. |
| 5149 | 6734393 | The effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on diabetic retinopathy was studied in 19 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5150 | 6738600 | To examine the role of heritable factors in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the incidence of IDDM in the offspring of patients with the disease who were identified by the medical records of the Joslin Diabetes Center from 1928 to 1939. |
| 5151 | 6742763 | The physical working capacity (PWC170) of 84 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and of 94 non-diabetic subjects was measured by a submaximal progressive exercise test. |
| 5152 | 6746020 | Peripheral blood from 11 newly diagnosed patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied for the proportion of monoclonal antibody (HNK 1, Leu 7) defined natural killer (NK) cells using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter analyzer. |
| 5153 | 6753469 | This is a prospective study of the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children 0-14 years of age, including all newly diagnosed cases in the whole of Sweden from July 1, 1977 until June 30, 1980. |
| 5154 | 6756839 | Insulin resistance developing in children with IDDM. |
| 5155 | 6756839 | In a review of the 1000 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) followed at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, between 1970 and 1980, insulin resistance (IR) was noted in 3 after initial sensitivity to exogenous insulin. |
| 5156 | 6756839 | Insulin resistance developing in children with IDDM. |
| 5157 | 6756839 | In a review of the 1000 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) followed at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, between 1970 and 1980, insulin resistance (IR) was noted in 3 after initial sensitivity to exogenous insulin. |
| 5158 | 6757024 | There was no association at all between HLA-B8 and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5159 | 6757024 | There was an increased frequency of HLA-B15 in all categories of patients: those with onset before 40 yr, those with onset after 40 yr (P less than 0.05), those with IDDM (P less than 0.05), and those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5160 | 6757024 | There was no association at all between HLA-B8 and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5161 | 6757024 | There was an increased frequency of HLA-B15 in all categories of patients: those with onset before 40 yr, those with onset after 40 yr (P less than 0.05), those with IDDM (P less than 0.05), and those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5162 | 6759222 | Sulfonylureas alone are ineffective in the therapy of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5163 | 6759222 | We studied 11 patients with IDDM to determine whether chlorpropamide acts directly on the insulin receptor and whether it could augment the effect of insulin on glycemic control. |
| 5164 | 6759222 | We conclude that short-term use of chlorpropamide in addition to insulin in IDDM does not alter insulin binding to circulating monocytes or erythrocytes. |
| 5165 | 6759222 | In addition, we were unable to show that this agent is a clinically useful adjunct to insulin in IDDM. |
| 5166 | 6759222 | Sulfonylureas alone are ineffective in the therapy of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5167 | 6759222 | We studied 11 patients with IDDM to determine whether chlorpropamide acts directly on the insulin receptor and whether it could augment the effect of insulin on glycemic control. |
| 5168 | 6759222 | We conclude that short-term use of chlorpropamide in addition to insulin in IDDM does not alter insulin binding to circulating monocytes or erythrocytes. |
| 5169 | 6759222 | In addition, we were unable to show that this agent is a clinically useful adjunct to insulin in IDDM. |
| 5170 | 6759222 | Sulfonylureas alone are ineffective in the therapy of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5171 | 6759222 | We studied 11 patients with IDDM to determine whether chlorpropamide acts directly on the insulin receptor and whether it could augment the effect of insulin on glycemic control. |
| 5172 | 6759222 | We conclude that short-term use of chlorpropamide in addition to insulin in IDDM does not alter insulin binding to circulating monocytes or erythrocytes. |
| 5173 | 6759222 | In addition, we were unable to show that this agent is a clinically useful adjunct to insulin in IDDM. |
| 5174 | 6759222 | Sulfonylureas alone are ineffective in the therapy of insulin-independent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5175 | 6759222 | We studied 11 patients with IDDM to determine whether chlorpropamide acts directly on the insulin receptor and whether it could augment the effect of insulin on glycemic control. |
| 5176 | 6759222 | We conclude that short-term use of chlorpropamide in addition to insulin in IDDM does not alter insulin binding to circulating monocytes or erythrocytes. |
| 5177 | 6759222 | In addition, we were unable to show that this agent is a clinically useful adjunct to insulin in IDDM. |
| 5178 | 6759229 | AN analysis has been made of the family histories of a survey of 1280 cases of IDDM entering Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between December 31, 1964 and January 1, 1981, discharged on insulin and initial age of onset under 17 yr. |
| 5179 | 6759229 | There is an increased risk to siblings of a diabetic (10.5%) in families where at least one parent has insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and also an increased risk to siblings of a diabetic (8.8%) when at least one parent has non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 5180 | 6759229 | AN analysis has been made of the family histories of a survey of 1280 cases of IDDM entering Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh between December 31, 1964 and January 1, 1981, discharged on insulin and initial age of onset under 17 yr. |
| 5181 | 6759229 | There is an increased risk to siblings of a diabetic (10.5%) in families where at least one parent has insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and also an increased risk to siblings of a diabetic (8.8%) when at least one parent has non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 5182 | 6759263 | Involvement of humoral and cellular autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is demonstrated by the presence of circulating autoantibodies and the early pancreatic lesion of insulitis. |
| 5183 | 6759262 | Sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) containing islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) were studied for their capacity to lyse cultured rat islet cells. |
| 5184 | 6759262 | The uptake of ethidium bromide was used to identify lysed cells and immunofluorescent staining with antisera to insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, or pancreatic polypeptide was used to identify the different islet cell types (B-, A-, D-, and PP-cells, respectively). |
| 5185 | 6765122 | It is suggested that for major operations for well-controlled non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) persons and for all minor and major operations for insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) persons and poorly controlled NIDDM, a combined insulin (3.2 U/h), glucose (10 g 10% dextrose/h), and potassium infusion should be used until oral feeding recommences. |
| 5186 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5187 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) was administered subcutaneously to 16 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas a control group of 11 patients received highly purified pork insulin (PPI). |
| 5188 | 6765527 | The results suggest that in the first period of treatment, the metabolic situation of patients with IDDM could be well controlled by human insulin as well as by PPI. |
| 5189 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5190 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) was administered subcutaneously to 16 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas a control group of 11 patients received highly purified pork insulin (PPI). |
| 5191 | 6765527 | The results suggest that in the first period of treatment, the metabolic situation of patients with IDDM could be well controlled by human insulin as well as by PPI. |
| 5192 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5193 | 6765527 | Human insulin (recombinant DNA) was administered subcutaneously to 16 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas a control group of 11 patients received highly purified pork insulin (PPI). |
| 5194 | 6765527 | The results suggest that in the first period of treatment, the metabolic situation of patients with IDDM could be well controlled by human insulin as well as by PPI. |
| 5195 | 6782859 | He completely recovered from the rhabdomyolysis, but has persistent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5196 | 6843359 | The spontaneously diabetic BB Wistar rat shows many characteristics analogous to human insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 5197 | 6947506 | It has been of considerable interest to determine if the HLA associations with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in blacks are the same as in whites in the United States. |
| 5198 | 6951830 | We studied 102 randomly ascertained probands from the Upper Midwest United States with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with respect to both HLA-DR and Kidd (Jk) markers. |
| 5199 | 6951830 | Based on our evidence that multiple genetic mechanisms may be involved in the etiology of IDDM the data were partitioned according to the HLA-DR phenotype, containing either two high risk antigens (DR3 or DR4) or not. |
| 5200 | 6951830 | These results strongly suggest a complex model of IDDM inheritance involving, at least, one susceptibility locus in linkage disequilibrium with HLA DR3 and DR4 on chromosome 6, and a second locus in linkage disequilibrium with Jkb on chromosome 2. |
| 5201 | 6951830 | We studied 102 randomly ascertained probands from the Upper Midwest United States with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with respect to both HLA-DR and Kidd (Jk) markers. |
| 5202 | 6951830 | Based on our evidence that multiple genetic mechanisms may be involved in the etiology of IDDM the data were partitioned according to the HLA-DR phenotype, containing either two high risk antigens (DR3 or DR4) or not. |
| 5203 | 6951830 | These results strongly suggest a complex model of IDDM inheritance involving, at least, one susceptibility locus in linkage disequilibrium with HLA DR3 and DR4 on chromosome 6, and a second locus in linkage disequilibrium with Jkb on chromosome 2. |
| 5204 | 6951830 | We studied 102 randomly ascertained probands from the Upper Midwest United States with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with respect to both HLA-DR and Kidd (Jk) markers. |
| 5205 | 6951830 | Based on our evidence that multiple genetic mechanisms may be involved in the etiology of IDDM the data were partitioned according to the HLA-DR phenotype, containing either two high risk antigens (DR3 or DR4) or not. |
| 5206 | 6951830 | These results strongly suggest a complex model of IDDM inheritance involving, at least, one susceptibility locus in linkage disequilibrium with HLA DR3 and DR4 on chromosome 6, and a second locus in linkage disequilibrium with Jkb on chromosome 2. |
| 5207 | 6954729 | The frequency of HLA-DR4 was significantly increased in the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. |
| 5208 | 6979813 | The inclusion of HLA data in genetic studies of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has not led to conclusive segregation models for IDDM so far. |
| 5209 | 6979813 | However, when the pedigrees were divided according to whether or not the proband had the heterozygous HLA-phenotype DR3/DR4, a maximum likelihood ratio test for heterogeneity was significant, with estimated recombination fractions of 0.0 and 0.0963 in HLA-DR3/DR4 pedigrees and the remaining pedigrees, respectively. |
| 5210 | 6981286 | Twelve patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and ketoacidosis and 4 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were studied at the time of diagnosis and before and after start of treatment. |
| 5211 | 6985453 | Data from a statewide insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registry in Rhode Island show that IDDM affects young adults (20-29 yr) as frequently as adolescents and teenagers (10-19 yr). |
| 5212 | 7001237 | We studied serum from 36 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for the capacity to lyse beta cells. |
| 5213 | 7002675 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were detected in 168 (33%) of 504 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5214 | 7002690 | To elucidate the precise significance of pancreatic A-cell hypersecretion in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the change in the immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) response to intravenous arginine was studied in both nonobese, hypoinsulinemic non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects whose blood glucose responses and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) simulated those of healthy subjects with the aid of the artificial beta-cell system that we originally developed. |
| 5215 | 7002690 | In both five NIDDM and five IDDM subjects, blood glucose responses and plasma IRI after arginine challenges were made equivalent to those seen in healthy subjects by infusing insulin in response to blood glucose, revealing that previously exaggerated IRG responses were made completely similar to the responses in healthy subjects. |
| 5216 | 7002690 | To elucidate the precise significance of pancreatic A-cell hypersecretion in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the change in the immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) response to intravenous arginine was studied in both nonobese, hypoinsulinemic non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects whose blood glucose responses and plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) simulated those of healthy subjects with the aid of the artificial beta-cell system that we originally developed. |
| 5217 | 7002690 | In both five NIDDM and five IDDM subjects, blood glucose responses and plasma IRI after arginine challenges were made equivalent to those seen in healthy subjects by infusing insulin in response to blood glucose, revealing that previously exaggerated IRG responses were made completely similar to the responses in healthy subjects. |
| 5218 | 7009418 | BF types and the mode of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5219 | 7009418 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been found to be highly associated with a rare allele of the complement protein, properdin factor B (BF). |
| 5220 | 7009418 | Assuming that there is a susceptibility gene for IDDM tightly linked to the genetic locus for BF and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the distribution of BF types in more than 1100 North American IDDM patients strongly argues for the rejection of dominant, epistatic, and overdominant modes of inheritance. |
| 5221 | 7009418 | BF types and the mode of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5222 | 7009418 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been found to be highly associated with a rare allele of the complement protein, properdin factor B (BF). |
| 5223 | 7009418 | Assuming that there is a susceptibility gene for IDDM tightly linked to the genetic locus for BF and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the distribution of BF types in more than 1100 North American IDDM patients strongly argues for the rejection of dominant, epistatic, and overdominant modes of inheritance. |
| 5224 | 7009418 | BF types and the mode of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5225 | 7009418 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been found to be highly associated with a rare allele of the complement protein, properdin factor B (BF). |
| 5226 | 7009418 | Assuming that there is a susceptibility gene for IDDM tightly linked to the genetic locus for BF and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the distribution of BF types in more than 1100 North American IDDM patients strongly argues for the rejection of dominant, epistatic, and overdominant modes of inheritance. |
| 5227 | 7014302 | Cold-reacting serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCAs) were measured in sera from 230 insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and from 116 control subjects. |
| 5228 | 7014302 | In contrast, B7 did not provide protection from LCAs in B18/B7 IDDM patients. |
| 5229 | 7014302 | Properdin factor B (Bf) alleles, which are in linkage disequilibrium with alleles of the HLA-B locus, were also associated with LCAs, IDDM patients with alleles BfS1 or BfF hd a prevalence of LCAs of 7%, significantly less than the 39% in Bf-F1S or -F1 patients. |
| 5230 | 7014302 | Cold-reacting serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCAs) were measured in sera from 230 insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and from 116 control subjects. |
| 5231 | 7014302 | In contrast, B7 did not provide protection from LCAs in B18/B7 IDDM patients. |
| 5232 | 7014302 | Properdin factor B (Bf) alleles, which are in linkage disequilibrium with alleles of the HLA-B locus, were also associated with LCAs, IDDM patients with alleles BfS1 or BfF hd a prevalence of LCAs of 7%, significantly less than the 39% in Bf-F1S or -F1 patients. |
| 5233 | 7014302 | Cold-reacting serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCAs) were measured in sera from 230 insulin-dependent juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and from 116 control subjects. |
| 5234 | 7014302 | In contrast, B7 did not provide protection from LCAs in B18/B7 IDDM patients. |
| 5235 | 7014302 | Properdin factor B (Bf) alleles, which are in linkage disequilibrium with alleles of the HLA-B locus, were also associated with LCAs, IDDM patients with alleles BfS1 or BfF hd a prevalence of LCAs of 7%, significantly less than the 39% in Bf-F1S or -F1 patients. |
| 5236 | 7014303 | Despite widespread evidence that autoimmune mechanisms may contribute to the beta cell necrosis associated with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it has not heretofore been demonstrated that islet cell antibodies (ICAs), directed primarily against cytoplasmic antigens, are capable of specific lysis of beta cells. |
| 5237 | 7022106 | Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from 14 obese subjects before and during starvation for 7 days, 12 untreated non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM), 6 untreated insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM), and 10 nonobese control subjects. |
| 5238 | 7022106 | In obesity, IDDM and NIDDM there were no change in insulin sensitivity or in insulin responsiveness. |
| 5239 | 7022106 | Human subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from 14 obese subjects before and during starvation for 7 days, 12 untreated non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM), 6 untreated insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM), and 10 nonobese control subjects. |
| 5240 | 7022106 | In obesity, IDDM and NIDDM there were no change in insulin sensitivity or in insulin responsiveness. |
| 5241 | 7024726 | HLA-B8, B15 and B18 did not demonstrate any significant association with IDDM in this series of patients. |
| 5242 | 7028540 | We believe that these syndromes are the predictable results of the changes in plasma insulin and/or free fatty acid (FFA) concentration that occur in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5243 | 7028540 | However, elevated FFA levels do not stimulate hepatic VLDL-TG secretion in insulin-deficient patients with IDDM, presumably because the livers of such individuals are not capable of responding to the increased FFA flux. |
| 5244 | 7028540 | We believe that these syndromes are the predictable results of the changes in plasma insulin and/or free fatty acid (FFA) concentration that occur in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5245 | 7028540 | However, elevated FFA levels do not stimulate hepatic VLDL-TG secretion in insulin-deficient patients with IDDM, presumably because the livers of such individuals are not capable of responding to the increased FFA flux. |
| 5246 | 7028586 | Comparison of 24-hour insulin requirements in IDDM patients during control by an artificial betacell and during conventional therapy. |
| 5247 | 7029853 | The blood GSH content was also analyzed in 16 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a duration of diabetes of more than 2 years (group B), and in a control group of 76 healthy children (group C). |
| 5248 | 7030831 | To explore humoral immunity in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, we studied insulin release from isolated mouse islets stimulated by glucose + theophylline after incubation with the sera of these patients and complement. |
| 5249 | 7030831 | Eleven of 21 IDDM sera suppressed the stimulated insulin release while the arginine-stimulated glucagon release remained unchanged. |
| 5250 | 7030831 | Using human islets, insulin release was suppressed by 3 of 6 IDDM sera. |
| 5251 | 7030831 | To explore humoral immunity in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, we studied insulin release from isolated mouse islets stimulated by glucose + theophylline after incubation with the sera of these patients and complement. |
| 5252 | 7030831 | Eleven of 21 IDDM sera suppressed the stimulated insulin release while the arginine-stimulated glucagon release remained unchanged. |
| 5253 | 7030831 | Using human islets, insulin release was suppressed by 3 of 6 IDDM sera. |
| 5254 | 7030831 | To explore humoral immunity in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, we studied insulin release from isolated mouse islets stimulated by glucose + theophylline after incubation with the sera of these patients and complement. |
| 5255 | 7030831 | Eleven of 21 IDDM sera suppressed the stimulated insulin release while the arginine-stimulated glucagon release remained unchanged. |
| 5256 | 7030831 | Using human islets, insulin release was suppressed by 3 of 6 IDDM sera. |
| 5257 | 7030898 | Diabetic control, assessed by measuring the concentration in venous blood of total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1), endogenous insulin secretion, as estimated by the C-peptide response (delta C-P) to intravenous glucagon, and serum beef insulin antibody binding were measured in 50 juvenile onset insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) receiving a single daily injection of soluble and protamine zinc insulin. |
| 5258 | 7030898 | The delta C-P correlated inversely with duration of diabetes (tau = -0.27, p less than 0.01) and daily insulin requirement (tau = -0.22, p less than 0.05) in the 50 IDDM studied of whom 28 exhibited a measurable delta C-P. |
| 5259 | 7030898 | In the 25 IDDM having the lowest insulin antibody binding, and inverse correlation (tau = 0.36, p less than 0.02) was observed between delta CP and HbA1, which was not found (tau = 0.05) in the remaining 25 IDDM who had the highest insulin antibody binding. |
| 5260 | 7030898 | These findings suggest that, in the absence of endogenous insulin secretion, diabetic control in IDDM receiving a single daily injection of conventional beef insulin is better in patients with high beef insulin antibody binding. |
| 5261 | 7030898 | Diabetic control, assessed by measuring the concentration in venous blood of total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1), endogenous insulin secretion, as estimated by the C-peptide response (delta C-P) to intravenous glucagon, and serum beef insulin antibody binding were measured in 50 juvenile onset insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) receiving a single daily injection of soluble and protamine zinc insulin. |
| 5262 | 7030898 | The delta C-P correlated inversely with duration of diabetes (tau = -0.27, p less than 0.01) and daily insulin requirement (tau = -0.22, p less than 0.05) in the 50 IDDM studied of whom 28 exhibited a measurable delta C-P. |
| 5263 | 7030898 | In the 25 IDDM having the lowest insulin antibody binding, and inverse correlation (tau = 0.36, p less than 0.02) was observed between delta CP and HbA1, which was not found (tau = 0.05) in the remaining 25 IDDM who had the highest insulin antibody binding. |
| 5264 | 7030898 | These findings suggest that, in the absence of endogenous insulin secretion, diabetic control in IDDM receiving a single daily injection of conventional beef insulin is better in patients with high beef insulin antibody binding. |
| 5265 | 7030898 | Diabetic control, assessed by measuring the concentration in venous blood of total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1), endogenous insulin secretion, as estimated by the C-peptide response (delta C-P) to intravenous glucagon, and serum beef insulin antibody binding were measured in 50 juvenile onset insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) receiving a single daily injection of soluble and protamine zinc insulin. |
| 5266 | 7030898 | The delta C-P correlated inversely with duration of diabetes (tau = -0.27, p less than 0.01) and daily insulin requirement (tau = -0.22, p less than 0.05) in the 50 IDDM studied of whom 28 exhibited a measurable delta C-P. |
| 5267 | 7030898 | In the 25 IDDM having the lowest insulin antibody binding, and inverse correlation (tau = 0.36, p less than 0.02) was observed between delta CP and HbA1, which was not found (tau = 0.05) in the remaining 25 IDDM who had the highest insulin antibody binding. |
| 5268 | 7030898 | These findings suggest that, in the absence of endogenous insulin secretion, diabetic control in IDDM receiving a single daily injection of conventional beef insulin is better in patients with high beef insulin antibody binding. |
| 5269 | 7030898 | Diabetic control, assessed by measuring the concentration in venous blood of total glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1), endogenous insulin secretion, as estimated by the C-peptide response (delta C-P) to intravenous glucagon, and serum beef insulin antibody binding were measured in 50 juvenile onset insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) receiving a single daily injection of soluble and protamine zinc insulin. |
| 5270 | 7030898 | The delta C-P correlated inversely with duration of diabetes (tau = -0.27, p less than 0.01) and daily insulin requirement (tau = -0.22, p less than 0.05) in the 50 IDDM studied of whom 28 exhibited a measurable delta C-P. |
| 5271 | 7030898 | In the 25 IDDM having the lowest insulin antibody binding, and inverse correlation (tau = 0.36, p less than 0.02) was observed between delta CP and HbA1, which was not found (tau = 0.05) in the remaining 25 IDDM who had the highest insulin antibody binding. |
| 5272 | 7030898 | These findings suggest that, in the absence of endogenous insulin secretion, diabetic control in IDDM receiving a single daily injection of conventional beef insulin is better in patients with high beef insulin antibody binding. |
| 5273 | 7034532 | The modes of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or the genetics of IDDM, no longer a nightmare but still a headache. |
| 5274 | 7034532 | The discovery of HLA antigen associations with juvenile-type insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) provided strong evidence separating this disorder, or group of disorders, from maturity-type noninsulin-dependent diabetes, as well as adding to the evidence for an immunologic pathogenesis. |
| 5275 | 7034532 | The modes of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or the genetics of IDDM, no longer a nightmare but still a headache. |
| 5276 | 7034532 | The discovery of HLA antigen associations with juvenile-type insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) provided strong evidence separating this disorder, or group of disorders, from maturity-type noninsulin-dependent diabetes, as well as adding to the evidence for an immunologic pathogenesis. |
| 5277 | 7037829 | Pancreatic islet cell, thyroid, gastric parietal cell, and adrenal autoantibodies were studied in 110 young insulin-dependent diabetics (type I; IDDM), 12 non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM), 26 patients with pancreatic diabetes, and 123 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 5278 | 7038027 | Goals in this study for fasting plasma glucose levels for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) averaged between 120 and 160 mg/100 ml. |
| 5279 | 7050215 | Newer terminology identifies those uncommon patients with true insulin deficiency as having insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), while the majority of patients with diabetes have some residual insulin secretion but may have a disorder of insulin receptor number or affinity. |
| 5280 | 7053038 | A three-allele model is presented for the inheritance of 'juvenile' insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5281 | 7069445 | The lumbosacral spinal cord, lumbar roots, L5 spinal ganglion, L5 segmental nerve and entire lengths of the sciatic, tibial, peroneal and sural nerves were taken at postmortem examination from 2 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and a predominantly sensory symmetric distal polyneuropathy and compared with 2 non-diabetic control patients. |
| 5282 | 7085176 | Seasonal incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in Massachusetts, 1964-1973. |
| 5283 | 7130587 | The disorder is subdivided into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and various forms of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). |
| 5284 | 7152138 | In recent years, it has been proposed that genetic admixture may have played a role in the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in young U.S. blacks relative to African blacks. |
| 5285 | 7152138 | In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. |
| 5286 | 7152138 | In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. |
| 5287 | 7152138 | In the next two analyses, we estimated the amounts of genetic contribution from whites in the U.S. blacks with and without IDDM using reported gene frequencies for West African blacks for four genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, and Hp). |
| 5288 | 7152138 | In recent years, it has been proposed that genetic admixture may have played a role in the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in young U.S. blacks relative to African blacks. |
| 5289 | 7152138 | In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. |
| 5290 | 7152138 | In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. |
| 5291 | 7152138 | In the next two analyses, we estimated the amounts of genetic contribution from whites in the U.S. blacks with and without IDDM using reported gene frequencies for West African blacks for four genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, and Hp). |
| 5292 | 7152138 | In recent years, it has been proposed that genetic admixture may have played a role in the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in young U.S. blacks relative to African blacks. |
| 5293 | 7152138 | In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. |
| 5294 | 7152138 | In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. |
| 5295 | 7152138 | In the next two analyses, we estimated the amounts of genetic contribution from whites in the U.S. blacks with and without IDDM using reported gene frequencies for West African blacks for four genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, and Hp). |
| 5296 | 7152138 | In recent years, it has been proposed that genetic admixture may have played a role in the increased frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in young U.S. blacks relative to African blacks. |
| 5297 | 7152138 | In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. |
| 5298 | 7152138 | In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. |
| 5299 | 7152138 | In the next two analyses, we estimated the amounts of genetic contribution from whites in the U.S. blacks with and without IDDM using reported gene frequencies for West African blacks for four genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, and Hp). |
| 5300 | 7152530 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied retrospectively in children 0-14 years of age registered at a northern Swedish department of Paediatrics. |
| 5301 | 7202862 | The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) registry. |
| 5302 | 7207836 | The incidence of immunological disorders seems to play a primary, significative role in the genesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5303 | 7207836 | Auto-immunological anti-pancreas alterations, both cell-mediated and humoral, have been detected in course of IDDM; moreover, the presence of antipancreatic antibodies seems to correlate with progressive destruction of islet cells and increased insulin deficiency. |
| 5304 | 7207836 | Furthermore, genotypic factors may be considered: recent studies prove the association between HLA system and IDDM; specifically, HLA antigens B8 and BW15 are found in significantly higher frequencies in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 5305 | 7207836 | The incidence of immunological disorders seems to play a primary, significative role in the genesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5306 | 7207836 | Auto-immunological anti-pancreas alterations, both cell-mediated and humoral, have been detected in course of IDDM; moreover, the presence of antipancreatic antibodies seems to correlate with progressive destruction of islet cells and increased insulin deficiency. |
| 5307 | 7207836 | Furthermore, genotypic factors may be considered: recent studies prove the association between HLA system and IDDM; specifically, HLA antigens B8 and BW15 are found in significantly higher frequencies in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 5308 | 7207836 | The incidence of immunological disorders seems to play a primary, significative role in the genesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5309 | 7207836 | Auto-immunological anti-pancreas alterations, both cell-mediated and humoral, have been detected in course of IDDM; moreover, the presence of antipancreatic antibodies seems to correlate with progressive destruction of islet cells and increased insulin deficiency. |
| 5310 | 7207836 | Furthermore, genotypic factors may be considered: recent studies prove the association between HLA system and IDDM; specifically, HLA antigens B8 and BW15 are found in significantly higher frequencies in juvenile onset insulin-dependent diabetics. |
| 5311 | 7256449 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with onset below 35 years of age was studied in 52 Black and 38 Indian patients. |
| 5312 | 7264787 | Thyroglobulin autoantibodies were no more common in patients with IDDM than among controls. |
| 5313 | 7298798 | In order to study the interrelationship of GH, somatomedin (SM), and growth in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), concentrations of serum glucose, serum GH, and plasma SM were determined at 2-h intervals for 48 h in 19 ambulatory children with IDDM of at least 2-yr duration (mean duration, 6 yr) and in 9 normal age-matched controls. |
| 5314 | 7298798 | Serum glucose was significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) in subjects with IDDM compared to controls [287 +/- 15 mg/dl vs. 99 +/- 2 mg/dl (mean +/- SEM)] as was the hemoglobin A1C (11.0 +/- 0.40% vs. 4.59 +/- 0.08%) and the serum GH (8.4 +/- 0.4 ng/ml vs. 5.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml; P less than 0.002). |
| 5315 | 7298798 | In order to study the interrelationship of GH, somatomedin (SM), and growth in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), concentrations of serum glucose, serum GH, and plasma SM were determined at 2-h intervals for 48 h in 19 ambulatory children with IDDM of at least 2-yr duration (mean duration, 6 yr) and in 9 normal age-matched controls. |
| 5316 | 7298798 | Serum glucose was significantly elevated (P less than 0.001) in subjects with IDDM compared to controls [287 +/- 15 mg/dl vs. 99 +/- 2 mg/dl (mean +/- SEM)] as was the hemoglobin A1C (11.0 +/- 0.40% vs. 4.59 +/- 0.08%) and the serum GH (8.4 +/- 0.4 ng/ml vs. 5.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml; P less than 0.002). |
| 5317 | 7353727 | The ratio of the prevalences of insulin-dependent type (juvenile) diabetes (IDDM) in blacks and Caucasians is examined. |
| 5318 | 7374516 | The pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) will remain obscure until the number of genetic mechanisms contributing to susceptibility can be clarified. |
| 5319 | 7464619 | These observations emphasize again the genetic distinction between IDDM and NIDDM, and the role of chromosome 6 in controlling susceptibility to the insulin-dependent form of the disease. |
| 5320 | 7476304 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-I treatment in the adolescent with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5321 | 7476304 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during adolescence is associated with complex derangements of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. |
| 5322 | 7476304 | Insulin deficiency or reduced portal delivery of insulin plays a central role in the development of these abnormalities, and although continuous subcutaneous insulin delivery may improve plasma IGF-I levels, it does not necessarily suppress GH levels. |
| 5323 | 7476304 | Recombinant IGF-I has been proposed as an adjunct to conventional insulin therapy, as restoring circulating IGF-I levels might lead to GH suppression. |
| 5324 | 7476304 | Placebo-controlled studies have shown a consistent reduction in GH secretion and related improvements in insulin sensitivity following a single subcutaneous IGF-I injection (40 micrograms/kg). |
| 5325 | 7476304 | Repeated daily subcutaneous IGF-I administration for 1 month resulted in a sustained increase in IGF-I levels, as well as a reduction in GH secretion and insulin requirements. |
| 5326 | 7476304 | Recombinant IGF-I used in conjunction with insulin may therefore provide an additional approach to the management of IDDM during adolescence, allowing correction of abnormalities in the GH/IGF axis and leading to improved control and, hence, reduced risk of long-term complications. |
| 5327 | 7476304 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-I treatment in the adolescent with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5328 | 7476304 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during adolescence is associated with complex derangements of the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. |
| 5329 | 7476304 | Insulin deficiency or reduced portal delivery of insulin plays a central role in the development of these abnormalities, and although continuous subcutaneous insulin delivery may improve plasma IGF-I levels, it does not necessarily suppress GH levels. |
| 5330 | 7476304 | Recombinant IGF-I has been proposed as an adjunct to conventional insulin therapy, as restoring circulating IGF-I levels might lead to GH suppression. |
| 5331 | 7476304 | Placebo-controlled studies have shown a consistent reduction in GH secretion and related improvements in insulin sensitivity following a single subcutaneous IGF-I injection (40 micrograms/kg). |
| 5332 | 7476304 | Repeated daily subcutaneous IGF-I administration for 1 month resulted in a sustained increase in IGF-I levels, as well as a reduction in GH secretion and insulin requirements. |
| 5333 | 7476304 | Recombinant IGF-I used in conjunction with insulin may therefore provide an additional approach to the management of IDDM during adolescence, allowing correction of abnormalities in the GH/IGF axis and leading to improved control and, hence, reduced risk of long-term complications. |
| 5334 | 7476331 | We studied the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children on the insulin secretion pattern of the pancreas from recipient athymic mice. |
| 5335 | 7476331 | PBMNC from newly diagnosed IDDM children elicited basal nonfasting hyperglycemia and in vitro inhibition of the first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in recipient mice. |
| 5336 | 7476331 | Animals injected with cells from chronically IDDM children showed normoglycemia, abnormal tolerance to glucose, and inhibition of first-phase insulin secretion. |
| 5337 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 5338 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 5339 | 7476331 | We studied the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children on the insulin secretion pattern of the pancreas from recipient athymic mice. |
| 5340 | 7476331 | PBMNC from newly diagnosed IDDM children elicited basal nonfasting hyperglycemia and in vitro inhibition of the first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in recipient mice. |
| 5341 | 7476331 | Animals injected with cells from chronically IDDM children showed normoglycemia, abnormal tolerance to glucose, and inhibition of first-phase insulin secretion. |
| 5342 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 5343 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 5344 | 7476331 | We studied the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children on the insulin secretion pattern of the pancreas from recipient athymic mice. |
| 5345 | 7476331 | PBMNC from newly diagnosed IDDM children elicited basal nonfasting hyperglycemia and in vitro inhibition of the first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in recipient mice. |
| 5346 | 7476331 | Animals injected with cells from chronically IDDM children showed normoglycemia, abnormal tolerance to glucose, and inhibition of first-phase insulin secretion. |
| 5347 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 5348 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 5349 | 7476331 | We studied the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children on the insulin secretion pattern of the pancreas from recipient athymic mice. |
| 5350 | 7476331 | PBMNC from newly diagnosed IDDM children elicited basal nonfasting hyperglycemia and in vitro inhibition of the first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in recipient mice. |
| 5351 | 7476331 | Animals injected with cells from chronically IDDM children showed normoglycemia, abnormal tolerance to glucose, and inhibition of first-phase insulin secretion. |
| 5352 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 5353 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 5354 | 7476331 | We studied the effect of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) children on the insulin secretion pattern of the pancreas from recipient athymic mice. |
| 5355 | 7476331 | PBMNC from newly diagnosed IDDM children elicited basal nonfasting hyperglycemia and in vitro inhibition of the first and second phases of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in recipient mice. |
| 5356 | 7476331 | Animals injected with cells from chronically IDDM children showed normoglycemia, abnormal tolerance to glucose, and inhibition of first-phase insulin secretion. |
| 5357 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 5358 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 5359 | 7479257 | [Some aspects of epidemiology in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (I)]. |
| 5360 | 7479258 | [Some aspects of epidemiology in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (II)]. |
| 5361 | 7479258 | It has been proved that there is a connection with HLA DQalfaArg52 i DQbeta-Asp57 and polymorphic region of insulin gene, and the IDDM susceptibility. |
| 5362 | 7479258 | [Some aspects of epidemiology in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (II)]. |
| 5363 | 7479258 | It has been proved that there is a connection with HLA DQalfaArg52 i DQbeta-Asp57 and polymorphic region of insulin gene, and the IDDM susceptibility. |
| 5364 | 7482373 | The results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) as well as other recent studies have demonstrated that in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the incidence of retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy can be reduced by intensive treatment. |
| 5365 | 7489837 | The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the population of Zagreb, Croatia, during 1988-1992. |
| 5366 | 7489841 | Intraperitoneal insulin infusion using implantable devices in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients is promising since it improves diabetic control and decreases frequency of hypoglycaemia. |
| 5367 | 7489841 | In order to more precisely evaluate the immunogenicity and its consequences, anti-insulin antibody levels in 62 IDDM patients were assessed every 3 months during a 2-year period following pump implantation. |
| 5368 | 7489841 | Intraperitoneal insulin infusion using implantable devices in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients is promising since it improves diabetic control and decreases frequency of hypoglycaemia. |
| 5369 | 7489841 | In order to more precisely evaluate the immunogenicity and its consequences, anti-insulin antibody levels in 62 IDDM patients were assessed every 3 months during a 2-year period following pump implantation. |
| 5370 | 7489844 | Blood pressure, retinopathy and urinary albumin excretion in IDDM: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 5371 | 7489844 | We have therefore examined the independent relations of blood pressure to urinary albumin excretion and retinopathy in a cross-sectional observational study of over 3000 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study). |
| 5372 | 7489844 | Blood pressure, retinopathy and urinary albumin excretion in IDDM: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 5373 | 7489844 | We have therefore examined the independent relations of blood pressure to urinary albumin excretion and retinopathy in a cross-sectional observational study of over 3000 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study). |
| 5374 | 7489843 | Long-term comparison of human insulin analogue B10Asp and soluble human insulin in IDDM patients on a basal/bolus insulin regimen. |
| 5375 | 7489843 | A double blind, randomised crossover study with a 1-month run-in period and two 2-month treatment periods was performed in 21 male insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients aged 18-40 years in order to compare the metabolic control obtained with equimolar doses of the analogue B10Asp vs soluble human insulin (Actrapid) given as mealtime insulin and intermediate acting isophane insulin (Protaphane) at bedtime. |
| 5376 | 7489843 | Long-term comparison of human insulin analogue B10Asp and soluble human insulin in IDDM patients on a basal/bolus insulin regimen. |
| 5377 | 7489843 | A double blind, randomised crossover study with a 1-month run-in period and two 2-month treatment periods was performed in 21 male insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients aged 18-40 years in order to compare the metabolic control obtained with equimolar doses of the analogue B10Asp vs soluble human insulin (Actrapid) given as mealtime insulin and intermediate acting isophane insulin (Protaphane) at bedtime. |
| 5378 | 7489848 | A new marker in the HLA class I region is associated with the age at onset of IDDM. |
| 5379 | 7489848 | The (MHC) class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 5380 | 7489848 | However, it is likely that genes within the MHC class III and the class I region also play a role in determining susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 5381 | 7489848 | In conclusion, these results suggest that genes in both the MHC class I and II regions confer susceptibility to IDDM and are related to the age at onset of the disease. |
| 5382 | 7489848 | A new marker in the HLA class I region is associated with the age at onset of IDDM. |
| 5383 | 7489848 | The (MHC) class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 5384 | 7489848 | However, it is likely that genes within the MHC class III and the class I region also play a role in determining susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 5385 | 7489848 | In conclusion, these results suggest that genes in both the MHC class I and II regions confer susceptibility to IDDM and are related to the age at onset of the disease. |
| 5386 | 7489848 | A new marker in the HLA class I region is associated with the age at onset of IDDM. |
| 5387 | 7489848 | The (MHC) class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 5388 | 7489848 | However, it is likely that genes within the MHC class III and the class I region also play a role in determining susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 5389 | 7489848 | In conclusion, these results suggest that genes in both the MHC class I and II regions confer susceptibility to IDDM and are related to the age at onset of the disease. |
| 5390 | 7489848 | A new marker in the HLA class I region is associated with the age at onset of IDDM. |
| 5391 | 7489848 | The (MHC) class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 5392 | 7489848 | However, it is likely that genes within the MHC class III and the class I region also play a role in determining susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 5393 | 7489848 | In conclusion, these results suggest that genes in both the MHC class I and II regions confer susceptibility to IDDM and are related to the age at onset of the disease. |
| 5394 | 7491450 | The natural history of nephropathy differs between insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 5395 | 7492346 | The spontaneously diabetic BB rat is an excellent and well studied model for human insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), sharing many important features with the human disease. |
| 5396 | 7492346 | Also, in contrast to IDDM, the MHC conferred dominant susceptibility to thyroiditis. |
| 5397 | 7492346 | The spontaneously diabetic BB rat is an excellent and well studied model for human insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), sharing many important features with the human disease. |
| 5398 | 7492346 | Also, in contrast to IDDM, the MHC conferred dominant susceptibility to thyroiditis. |
| 5399 | 7495781 | HLA-DRB1*0401 is associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus independently of the DQB1 locus. |
| 5400 | 7495781 | The distribution of DRB1*04 alleles and DRB1/DQB1 haplotypes was analysed in 57 DR4+ caucasoid subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 96 DR4+ healthy controls selected on the basis of DR serology, and the findings were analysed in relation to age at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 5401 | 7495781 | These results imply that DRB1 and DQB1 have independent roles as HLA susceptibility genes in IDDM. |
| 5402 | 7495781 | DQB1 may have a permissive role whereas DRB1 could influence the rate at which underlying disease progresses to clinical IDDM. |
| 5403 | 7495781 | HLA-DRB1*0401 is associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus independently of the DQB1 locus. |
| 5404 | 7495781 | The distribution of DRB1*04 alleles and DRB1/DQB1 haplotypes was analysed in 57 DR4+ caucasoid subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 96 DR4+ healthy controls selected on the basis of DR serology, and the findings were analysed in relation to age at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 5405 | 7495781 | These results imply that DRB1 and DQB1 have independent roles as HLA susceptibility genes in IDDM. |
| 5406 | 7495781 | DQB1 may have a permissive role whereas DRB1 could influence the rate at which underlying disease progresses to clinical IDDM. |
| 5407 | 7495781 | HLA-DRB1*0401 is associated with susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus independently of the DQB1 locus. |
| 5408 | 7495781 | The distribution of DRB1*04 alleles and DRB1/DQB1 haplotypes was analysed in 57 DR4+ caucasoid subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 96 DR4+ healthy controls selected on the basis of DR serology, and the findings were analysed in relation to age at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 5409 | 7495781 | These results imply that DRB1 and DQB1 have independent roles as HLA susceptibility genes in IDDM. |
| 5410 | 7495781 | DQB1 may have a permissive role whereas DRB1 could influence the rate at which underlying disease progresses to clinical IDDM. |
| 5411 | 7498111 | In a study of school-age children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), life stress, metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin), and psychiatric and psychosocial variables were assessed repeatedly for up to 6 years. |
| 5412 | 7498111 | In multivariate analyses, metabolic control was related to life change units, whether the glycosylated hemoglobin was in the 1st year of IDDM, IDDM duration, and the diagnosis of pervasive noncompliance with medical regimen. |
| 5413 | 7498111 | In a study of school-age children with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), life stress, metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin), and psychiatric and psychosocial variables were assessed repeatedly for up to 6 years. |
| 5414 | 7498111 | In multivariate analyses, metabolic control was related to life change units, whether the glycosylated hemoglobin was in the 1st year of IDDM, IDDM duration, and the diagnosis of pervasive noncompliance with medical regimen. |
| 5415 | 7499178 | The contribution of genetic variation at HLA class II loci to the susceptibility to and protection from IDDM was investigated by analyzing the distribution of HLA-DRB1*04 haplotypes in 630 Sardinian newborns and 155 Sardinian IDDM patients. |
| 5416 | 7499178 | The different RRs and ARs of the various DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotypes, significantly ranging from the strongly associated DRB1*0405, DQB1*0302 to the protective DRB1*0403, DQB1*0302 haplotypes, provides clearcut evidence that the DRB1 locus is crucial in conferring IDDM predisposition or protection. |
| 5417 | 7499178 | Haplotype analysis not only suggests that the DRB1 and DQB1 loci influence IDDM risk in the same way, but also that the HLA-linked protection is "dominant" compared with "susceptibility." |
| 5418 | 7499178 | The contribution of genetic variation at HLA class II loci to the susceptibility to and protection from IDDM was investigated by analyzing the distribution of HLA-DRB1*04 haplotypes in 630 Sardinian newborns and 155 Sardinian IDDM patients. |
| 5419 | 7499178 | The different RRs and ARs of the various DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotypes, significantly ranging from the strongly associated DRB1*0405, DQB1*0302 to the protective DRB1*0403, DQB1*0302 haplotypes, provides clearcut evidence that the DRB1 locus is crucial in conferring IDDM predisposition or protection. |
| 5420 | 7499178 | Haplotype analysis not only suggests that the DRB1 and DQB1 loci influence IDDM risk in the same way, but also that the HLA-linked protection is "dominant" compared with "susceptibility." |
| 5421 | 7499178 | The contribution of genetic variation at HLA class II loci to the susceptibility to and protection from IDDM was investigated by analyzing the distribution of HLA-DRB1*04 haplotypes in 630 Sardinian newborns and 155 Sardinian IDDM patients. |
| 5422 | 7499178 | The different RRs and ARs of the various DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotypes, significantly ranging from the strongly associated DRB1*0405, DQB1*0302 to the protective DRB1*0403, DQB1*0302 haplotypes, provides clearcut evidence that the DRB1 locus is crucial in conferring IDDM predisposition or protection. |
| 5423 | 7499178 | Haplotype analysis not only suggests that the DRB1 and DQB1 loci influence IDDM risk in the same way, but also that the HLA-linked protection is "dominant" compared with "susceptibility." |
| 5424 | 7501550 | The prevalence of persistent microalbuminuria, retinopathy, and peripheral and autonomic neuropathy was assessed in 18 children and adolescents with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who suffered from necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum (NLD) and in 40 diabetics without NLD, matched for sex, age, duration of disease, and metabolic control. |
| 5425 | 7502115 | We examined the psychosocial impact of treatment with an implantable insulin pump among persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5426 | 7503445 | [Clinical and electroneurographic changes in the peripheral nervous system of patients with chronic insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM)]. |
| 5427 | 7505244 | GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes. |
| 5428 | 7505244 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major islet cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and autoantibodies are found in high frequencies in patients with recent-onset IDDM, stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I). |
| 5429 | 7505244 | In this study, we examined the reactivity of anti-GAD-containing sera from 7 patients with IDDM, 4 patients with SMS, and 5 patients with APS I. |
| 5430 | 7505244 | All sera immunoprecipitated GAD from [35S]methionine-labeled rat islet lysates and the sera from patients with SMS and APS I, but none of the IDDM patients' sera, identified the GAD protein in Western blots. |
| 5431 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 5432 | 7505244 | When the various sera were tested with the GAD65 and GAD67 isoforms, produced separately by transient expression in COS cells, the enzymatic activity of GAD65 was inhibited by sera from patients with SMS and APS I, whereas no effect on the GAD67 activity was observed. |
| 5433 | 7505244 | GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes. |
| 5434 | 7505244 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major islet cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and autoantibodies are found in high frequencies in patients with recent-onset IDDM, stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I). |
| 5435 | 7505244 | In this study, we examined the reactivity of anti-GAD-containing sera from 7 patients with IDDM, 4 patients with SMS, and 5 patients with APS I. |
| 5436 | 7505244 | All sera immunoprecipitated GAD from [35S]methionine-labeled rat islet lysates and the sera from patients with SMS and APS I, but none of the IDDM patients' sera, identified the GAD protein in Western blots. |
| 5437 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 5438 | 7505244 | When the various sera were tested with the GAD65 and GAD67 isoforms, produced separately by transient expression in COS cells, the enzymatic activity of GAD65 was inhibited by sera from patients with SMS and APS I, whereas no effect on the GAD67 activity was observed. |
| 5439 | 7505244 | GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes. |
| 5440 | 7505244 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major islet cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and autoantibodies are found in high frequencies in patients with recent-onset IDDM, stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I). |
| 5441 | 7505244 | In this study, we examined the reactivity of anti-GAD-containing sera from 7 patients with IDDM, 4 patients with SMS, and 5 patients with APS I. |
| 5442 | 7505244 | All sera immunoprecipitated GAD from [35S]methionine-labeled rat islet lysates and the sera from patients with SMS and APS I, but none of the IDDM patients' sera, identified the GAD protein in Western blots. |
| 5443 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 5444 | 7505244 | When the various sera were tested with the GAD65 and GAD67 isoforms, produced separately by transient expression in COS cells, the enzymatic activity of GAD65 was inhibited by sera from patients with SMS and APS I, whereas no effect on the GAD67 activity was observed. |
| 5445 | 7505244 | GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes. |
| 5446 | 7505244 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major islet cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and autoantibodies are found in high frequencies in patients with recent-onset IDDM, stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I). |
| 5447 | 7505244 | In this study, we examined the reactivity of anti-GAD-containing sera from 7 patients with IDDM, 4 patients with SMS, and 5 patients with APS I. |
| 5448 | 7505244 | All sera immunoprecipitated GAD from [35S]methionine-labeled rat islet lysates and the sera from patients with SMS and APS I, but none of the IDDM patients' sera, identified the GAD protein in Western blots. |
| 5449 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 5450 | 7505244 | When the various sera were tested with the GAD65 and GAD67 isoforms, produced separately by transient expression in COS cells, the enzymatic activity of GAD65 was inhibited by sera from patients with SMS and APS I, whereas no effect on the GAD67 activity was observed. |
| 5451 | 7505244 | GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, stiff-man syndrome, and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I recognize different epitopes. |
| 5452 | 7505244 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major islet cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and autoantibodies are found in high frequencies in patients with recent-onset IDDM, stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I (APS I). |
| 5453 | 7505244 | In this study, we examined the reactivity of anti-GAD-containing sera from 7 patients with IDDM, 4 patients with SMS, and 5 patients with APS I. |
| 5454 | 7505244 | All sera immunoprecipitated GAD from [35S]methionine-labeled rat islet lysates and the sera from patients with SMS and APS I, but none of the IDDM patients' sera, identified the GAD protein in Western blots. |
| 5455 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 5456 | 7505244 | When the various sera were tested with the GAD65 and GAD67 isoforms, produced separately by transient expression in COS cells, the enzymatic activity of GAD65 was inhibited by sera from patients with SMS and APS I, whereas no effect on the GAD67 activity was observed. |
| 5457 | 7510610 | Acarbose also improved metabolic control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), frequently decreasing insulin requirements, although further studies are required in this indication. |
| 5458 | 7511084 | The frequency of antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) varies greatly according to the type of assay employed. |
| 5459 | 7511084 | Sera from 38 patients with IDDM, including 1 patient with both stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and IDDM, were studied for anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting, and dot-blotting. |
| 5460 | 7511084 | There was a good correlation between potency of the RIP reaction at the screening dilution of 1:2 and the endpoint dilution in the assay which ranged from 1:2 to 1:30,000 for IDDM sera, and 1:300,000 for the SMS serum. |
| 5461 | 7511084 | Thus, using a dot-blotting assay in which reactivity to untreated "native" GAD was compared with reactivity to GAD after denaturation by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol and boiling, 20 of the 38 IDDM sera reacted unequivocally with the native GAD compared with only 2 that reacted with denatured GAD after reduction and boiling. |
| 5462 | 7511084 | The sera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the catalytic activity of GAD, but only the high-titer serum from the patient with SMS did so. |
| 5463 | 7511084 | Our study further validates the RIP assay for anti-GAD and establishes that anti-GAD exists in IDDM over a wide range of titers that correlate with other assay characteristics, and also indicates that the conformational autoantibody epitope on GAD is susceptible to alteration under denaturing conditions. |
| 5464 | 7511084 | The frequency of antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) varies greatly according to the type of assay employed. |
| 5465 | 7511084 | Sera from 38 patients with IDDM, including 1 patient with both stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and IDDM, were studied for anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting, and dot-blotting. |
| 5466 | 7511084 | There was a good correlation between potency of the RIP reaction at the screening dilution of 1:2 and the endpoint dilution in the assay which ranged from 1:2 to 1:30,000 for IDDM sera, and 1:300,000 for the SMS serum. |
| 5467 | 7511084 | Thus, using a dot-blotting assay in which reactivity to untreated "native" GAD was compared with reactivity to GAD after denaturation by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol and boiling, 20 of the 38 IDDM sera reacted unequivocally with the native GAD compared with only 2 that reacted with denatured GAD after reduction and boiling. |
| 5468 | 7511084 | The sera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the catalytic activity of GAD, but only the high-titer serum from the patient with SMS did so. |
| 5469 | 7511084 | Our study further validates the RIP assay for anti-GAD and establishes that anti-GAD exists in IDDM over a wide range of titers that correlate with other assay characteristics, and also indicates that the conformational autoantibody epitope on GAD is susceptible to alteration under denaturing conditions. |
| 5470 | 7511084 | The frequency of antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) varies greatly according to the type of assay employed. |
| 5471 | 7511084 | Sera from 38 patients with IDDM, including 1 patient with both stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and IDDM, were studied for anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting, and dot-blotting. |
| 5472 | 7511084 | There was a good correlation between potency of the RIP reaction at the screening dilution of 1:2 and the endpoint dilution in the assay which ranged from 1:2 to 1:30,000 for IDDM sera, and 1:300,000 for the SMS serum. |
| 5473 | 7511084 | Thus, using a dot-blotting assay in which reactivity to untreated "native" GAD was compared with reactivity to GAD after denaturation by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol and boiling, 20 of the 38 IDDM sera reacted unequivocally with the native GAD compared with only 2 that reacted with denatured GAD after reduction and boiling. |
| 5474 | 7511084 | The sera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the catalytic activity of GAD, but only the high-titer serum from the patient with SMS did so. |
| 5475 | 7511084 | Our study further validates the RIP assay for anti-GAD and establishes that anti-GAD exists in IDDM over a wide range of titers that correlate with other assay characteristics, and also indicates that the conformational autoantibody epitope on GAD is susceptible to alteration under denaturing conditions. |
| 5476 | 7511084 | The frequency of antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) varies greatly according to the type of assay employed. |
| 5477 | 7511084 | Sera from 38 patients with IDDM, including 1 patient with both stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and IDDM, were studied for anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting, and dot-blotting. |
| 5478 | 7511084 | There was a good correlation between potency of the RIP reaction at the screening dilution of 1:2 and the endpoint dilution in the assay which ranged from 1:2 to 1:30,000 for IDDM sera, and 1:300,000 for the SMS serum. |
| 5479 | 7511084 | Thus, using a dot-blotting assay in which reactivity to untreated "native" GAD was compared with reactivity to GAD after denaturation by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol and boiling, 20 of the 38 IDDM sera reacted unequivocally with the native GAD compared with only 2 that reacted with denatured GAD after reduction and boiling. |
| 5480 | 7511084 | The sera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the catalytic activity of GAD, but only the high-titer serum from the patient with SMS did so. |
| 5481 | 7511084 | Our study further validates the RIP assay for anti-GAD and establishes that anti-GAD exists in IDDM over a wide range of titers that correlate with other assay characteristics, and also indicates that the conformational autoantibody epitope on GAD is susceptible to alteration under denaturing conditions. |
| 5482 | 7511084 | The frequency of antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) varies greatly according to the type of assay employed. |
| 5483 | 7511084 | Sera from 38 patients with IDDM, including 1 patient with both stiff-man syndrome (SMS) and IDDM, were studied for anti-GAD by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP), Western blotting, and dot-blotting. |
| 5484 | 7511084 | There was a good correlation between potency of the RIP reaction at the screening dilution of 1:2 and the endpoint dilution in the assay which ranged from 1:2 to 1:30,000 for IDDM sera, and 1:300,000 for the SMS serum. |
| 5485 | 7511084 | Thus, using a dot-blotting assay in which reactivity to untreated "native" GAD was compared with reactivity to GAD after denaturation by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol and boiling, 20 of the 38 IDDM sera reacted unequivocally with the native GAD compared with only 2 that reacted with denatured GAD after reduction and boiling. |
| 5486 | 7511084 | The sera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the catalytic activity of GAD, but only the high-titer serum from the patient with SMS did so. |
| 5487 | 7511084 | Our study further validates the RIP assay for anti-GAD and establishes that anti-GAD exists in IDDM over a wide range of titers that correlate with other assay characteristics, and also indicates that the conformational autoantibody epitope on GAD is susceptible to alteration under denaturing conditions. |
| 5488 | 7512990 | An adoptive transfer model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic mouse was used to examine the roles of alpha 4-integrin, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1); and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 5489 | 7512990 | Antibodies specific for ICAM-1 had little effect on the onset or incidence of IDDM. |
| 5490 | 7512990 | In addition, the cascade of events leading to T cell transit across endothelium may be different for CD4 and CD8 cells, and may differ depending on the endothelium involved. |
| 5491 | 7512990 | An adoptive transfer model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic mouse was used to examine the roles of alpha 4-integrin, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1); and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 5492 | 7512990 | Antibodies specific for ICAM-1 had little effect on the onset or incidence of IDDM. |
| 5493 | 7512990 | In addition, the cascade of events leading to T cell transit across endothelium may be different for CD4 and CD8 cells, and may differ depending on the endothelium involved. |
| 5494 | 7516851 | The percentage of CD57+ cells was similar in IDDM patients and controls, while the percentage of CD16+ cells was lower in IDDM patients (P < 0.05) than in controls. |
| 5495 | 7516851 | The decreased NK cytotoxic activity observed in our patients, in particular in long-standing diabetics, with normal NK cell number, could be due to a qualitative defect of the NK cells, or to a deficient IL-2 and/or TNF-alpha production, or to a immunomodulatory or immunosuppressing effect of insulin. |
| 5496 | 7516860 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and the Stockholm Study have conclusively demonstrated that improving the blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces the risk of developing retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. |
| 5497 | 7516860 | Each patient with IDDM should be carefully evaluated for the appropriateness of institution of an intensive insulin treatment programme. |
| 5498 | 7516860 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and the Stockholm Study have conclusively demonstrated that improving the blood glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces the risk of developing retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. |
| 5499 | 7516860 | Each patient with IDDM should be carefully evaluated for the appropriateness of institution of an intensive insulin treatment programme. |
| 5500 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5501 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5502 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5503 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5504 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5505 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5506 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5507 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5508 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5509 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5510 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5511 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5512 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5513 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5514 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5515 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5516 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5517 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5518 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5519 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5520 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5521 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5522 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5523 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5524 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5525 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5526 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5527 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5528 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5529 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5530 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5531 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5532 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5533 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5534 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5535 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5536 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5537 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5538 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5539 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5540 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5541 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5542 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5543 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5544 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5545 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5546 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5547 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5548 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5549 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5550 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5551 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5552 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5553 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5554 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5555 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5556 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5557 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5558 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5559 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5560 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5561 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5562 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5563 | 7519242 | Higher autoantibody levels and recognition of a linear NH2-terminal epitope in the autoantigen GAD65, distinguish stiff-man syndrome from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5564 | 7519242 | Thus, destruction of pancreatic beta cells, which results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and impairment of GABA-ergic synaptic transmission in Stiff-Man syndrome (SMS) are both characterized by circulating autoantibodies to GAD65. |
| 5565 | 7519242 | Here we report the characterization of humoral autoimmune responses to GAD65 in 35 SMS patients, of whom 13 (37%) also had IDDM. |
| 5566 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 5567 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 5568 | 7519242 | The first pattern, detected in 25 of 35 SMS patients (71%), of whom 11 had IDDM (44%), was predominantly reactive with a linear NH2-terminal epitope residing in the first eight amino acids of GAD65. |
| 5569 | 7519242 | The second epitope pattern may represent epitope spreading in the GAD65 molecule, but may also include some cases of epitope recognition associated with IDDM resistant HLA-haplotypes. |
| 5570 | 7519242 | The principal NH2-terminal linear epitope in GAD65 distinguishes the reactivity of SMS and IDDM autoantibodies and may be a determinant of pathogenicity for GABA-ergic neurons. |
| 5571 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 5572 | 7521339 | Glucagon stimulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 secretion in healthy subjects, patients with pituitary insufficiency, and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5573 | 7521339 | Glucagon (1-1.5 mg) was administrated iv as a bolus dose to healthy individuals (n = 7), patients with GH deficiency (n = 14), and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 6). |
| 5574 | 7521339 | Thereafter, blood samples for determination of serum glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), GH, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were collected for 180 min. |
| 5575 | 7521339 | IGFBP-1 concentrations increased significantly in response to glucagon, with maximal values observed at 90 min [in healthy subjects from 36 +/- 6 to 58 +/- 10 micrograms/L (P < 0.05), in GH-deficient patients from 36 +/- 4 to 54 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.001), and in IDDM patients from 115 +/- 18 to 167 +/- 27 micrograms/L (P < 0.05)]. |
| 5576 | 7521339 | The IGFBP-1 elevation was delayed in relation to the glucagon-induced increase in glucose and insulin concentrations. |
| 5577 | 7521339 | When the groups were combined, the individual IGFBP-1 peak value observed at 90 min was inversely correlated to the individual peak value of insulin observed at 15-30 min (r = -0.743; P < 0.001). |
| 5578 | 7521339 | In healthy subjects and IDDM patients, mean GH levels did not change significantly, whereas mean IGF-I concentrations decreased slightly at 30 min. |
| 5579 | 7521339 | Glucagon stimulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 secretion in healthy subjects, patients with pituitary insufficiency, and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5580 | 7521339 | Glucagon (1-1.5 mg) was administrated iv as a bolus dose to healthy individuals (n = 7), patients with GH deficiency (n = 14), and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 6). |
| 5581 | 7521339 | Thereafter, blood samples for determination of serum glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), GH, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were collected for 180 min. |
| 5582 | 7521339 | IGFBP-1 concentrations increased significantly in response to glucagon, with maximal values observed at 90 min [in healthy subjects from 36 +/- 6 to 58 +/- 10 micrograms/L (P < 0.05), in GH-deficient patients from 36 +/- 4 to 54 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.001), and in IDDM patients from 115 +/- 18 to 167 +/- 27 micrograms/L (P < 0.05)]. |
| 5583 | 7521339 | The IGFBP-1 elevation was delayed in relation to the glucagon-induced increase in glucose and insulin concentrations. |
| 5584 | 7521339 | When the groups were combined, the individual IGFBP-1 peak value observed at 90 min was inversely correlated to the individual peak value of insulin observed at 15-30 min (r = -0.743; P < 0.001). |
| 5585 | 7521339 | In healthy subjects and IDDM patients, mean GH levels did not change significantly, whereas mean IGF-I concentrations decreased slightly at 30 min. |
| 5586 | 7521339 | Glucagon stimulates insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 secretion in healthy subjects, patients with pituitary insufficiency, and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5587 | 7521339 | Glucagon (1-1.5 mg) was administrated iv as a bolus dose to healthy individuals (n = 7), patients with GH deficiency (n = 14), and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 6). |
| 5588 | 7521339 | Thereafter, blood samples for determination of serum glucose, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), GH, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were collected for 180 min. |
| 5589 | 7521339 | IGFBP-1 concentrations increased significantly in response to glucagon, with maximal values observed at 90 min [in healthy subjects from 36 +/- 6 to 58 +/- 10 micrograms/L (P < 0.05), in GH-deficient patients from 36 +/- 4 to 54 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.001), and in IDDM patients from 115 +/- 18 to 167 +/- 27 micrograms/L (P < 0.05)]. |
| 5590 | 7521339 | The IGFBP-1 elevation was delayed in relation to the glucagon-induced increase in glucose and insulin concentrations. |
| 5591 | 7521339 | When the groups were combined, the individual IGFBP-1 peak value observed at 90 min was inversely correlated to the individual peak value of insulin observed at 15-30 min (r = -0.743; P < 0.001). |
| 5592 | 7521339 | In healthy subjects and IDDM patients, mean GH levels did not change significantly, whereas mean IGF-I concentrations decreased slightly at 30 min. |
| 5593 | 7523207 | The possible role of amino acid sequence and epitope homologies between a protein P2-C of Coxsackie virus B4 and human GAD in the development of host-specific immune response in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (molecular mimicry) was investigated. |
| 5594 | 7523207 | Peptide antibodies to the P2-C protein, GAD65, and GAD67 were raised to analyze their immunoreactivity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting with GAD purified from the brain and pancreas of mice that develop hyperglycemia after the infection. |
| 5595 | 7523207 | All three peptide antisera reacted very strongly with homologous peptides; P2-C antiserum cross-reacted with GAD65 as efficiently as GAD65 antiserum with P2-C, but no cross-reaction was detected between P2-C and GAD67 although cross-reaction between the two GADs was quite pronounced. |
| 5596 | 7523207 | P2-C antiserum immunocomplexed with GAD65 from mouse brain or pancreas, whereas GAD65 and GAD67 antisera both immunocomplexed with the two GADs from these sources. |
| 5597 | 7523207 | A number of IDDM sera reacted with mouse GAD65 and also with P2-C and GAD65 peptides, whereas only a few reacted with GAD67 peptide. |
| 5598 | 7523207 | The immunoreactivity of the mouse and IDDM sera to P2-C and GAD65 peptides was blocked by pre-adsorption with mouse GAD. |
| 5599 | 7523207 | The possible role of amino acid sequence and epitope homologies between a protein P2-C of Coxsackie virus B4 and human GAD in the development of host-specific immune response in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (molecular mimicry) was investigated. |
| 5600 | 7523207 | Peptide antibodies to the P2-C protein, GAD65, and GAD67 were raised to analyze their immunoreactivity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting with GAD purified from the brain and pancreas of mice that develop hyperglycemia after the infection. |
| 5601 | 7523207 | All three peptide antisera reacted very strongly with homologous peptides; P2-C antiserum cross-reacted with GAD65 as efficiently as GAD65 antiserum with P2-C, but no cross-reaction was detected between P2-C and GAD67 although cross-reaction between the two GADs was quite pronounced. |
| 5602 | 7523207 | P2-C antiserum immunocomplexed with GAD65 from mouse brain or pancreas, whereas GAD65 and GAD67 antisera both immunocomplexed with the two GADs from these sources. |
| 5603 | 7523207 | A number of IDDM sera reacted with mouse GAD65 and also with P2-C and GAD65 peptides, whereas only a few reacted with GAD67 peptide. |
| 5604 | 7523207 | The immunoreactivity of the mouse and IDDM sera to P2-C and GAD65 peptides was blocked by pre-adsorption with mouse GAD. |
| 5605 | 7523207 | The possible role of amino acid sequence and epitope homologies between a protein P2-C of Coxsackie virus B4 and human GAD in the development of host-specific immune response in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (molecular mimicry) was investigated. |
| 5606 | 7523207 | Peptide antibodies to the P2-C protein, GAD65, and GAD67 were raised to analyze their immunoreactivity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting with GAD purified from the brain and pancreas of mice that develop hyperglycemia after the infection. |
| 5607 | 7523207 | All three peptide antisera reacted very strongly with homologous peptides; P2-C antiserum cross-reacted with GAD65 as efficiently as GAD65 antiserum with P2-C, but no cross-reaction was detected between P2-C and GAD67 although cross-reaction between the two GADs was quite pronounced. |
| 5608 | 7523207 | P2-C antiserum immunocomplexed with GAD65 from mouse brain or pancreas, whereas GAD65 and GAD67 antisera both immunocomplexed with the two GADs from these sources. |
| 5609 | 7523207 | A number of IDDM sera reacted with mouse GAD65 and also with P2-C and GAD65 peptides, whereas only a few reacted with GAD67 peptide. |
| 5610 | 7523207 | The immunoreactivity of the mouse and IDDM sera to P2-C and GAD65 peptides was blocked by pre-adsorption with mouse GAD. |
| 5611 | 7523562 | The effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) administration on the levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-binding proteins in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5612 | 7523562 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during puberty is associated with a reduction in circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and low IGF bioactivity. |
| 5613 | 7523562 | Altered levels of the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), including low IGFBP-3 and elevated IGFBP-1, have also been described. |
| 5614 | 7523562 | We have therefore examined the effects of recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) administration on the levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF bioactivity in a group of 9 late-pubertal adolescents with IDDM. |
| 5615 | 7523562 | There was a small increase in IGFBP-3 concentrations overnight following rhIGF-I administration when compared to placebo, whereas the levels of IGF-II decreased. |
| 5616 | 7523562 | Under strict euglycaemic conditions, the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-I did not appear to be affected by rhIGF-I administration although the levels of IGFBP-1 tended to be higher overnight. |
| 5617 | 7523562 | The effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) administration on the levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-binding proteins in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5618 | 7523562 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during puberty is associated with a reduction in circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and low IGF bioactivity. |
| 5619 | 7523562 | Altered levels of the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs), including low IGFBP-3 and elevated IGFBP-1, have also been described. |
| 5620 | 7523562 | We have therefore examined the effects of recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) administration on the levels of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3 and IGF bioactivity in a group of 9 late-pubertal adolescents with IDDM. |
| 5621 | 7523562 | There was a small increase in IGFBP-3 concentrations overnight following rhIGF-I administration when compared to placebo, whereas the levels of IGF-II decreased. |
| 5622 | 7523562 | Under strict euglycaemic conditions, the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-I did not appear to be affected by rhIGF-I administration although the levels of IGFBP-1 tended to be higher overnight. |
| 5623 | 7531328 | A study was performed to investigate the concentrations of the alpha and beta free sub-units of human chorionic gonadotrophin (free alpha-hCG and free beta-hCG) in maternal serum between 15 and 22 weeks of pregnancy in 126 pregnancies among 92 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5624 | 7532072 | A fair amount of comparable data on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been gathered in various countries of the Region. |
| 5625 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5626 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5627 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5628 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5629 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5630 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5631 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5632 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5633 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5634 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5635 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5636 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5637 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5638 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5639 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5640 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5641 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5642 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5643 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5644 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5645 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5646 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5647 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5648 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5649 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5650 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5651 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5652 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5653 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5654 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5655 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5656 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5657 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5658 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5659 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5660 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5661 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5662 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5663 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5664 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5665 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5666 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5667 | 7532143 | Although most individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), antibodies to GAD are also present in some individuals with a low risk of developing diabetes. |
| 5668 | 7532143 | The GAD autoantibodies of IDDM are specific for the GAD65 isoform, do not bind denatured GAD protein, and target epitope(s) dependent on conformation of the protein. |
| 5669 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 5670 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 5671 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 5672 | 7532143 | Identification of epitopes targeted by IDDM sera may allow one to distinguish between GAD antibody-positive individuals at high and low risk of developing IDDM and to determine if differences in the autoimmune repertoire directed at GAD are present. |
| 5673 | 7532143 | The chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins may also be useful in designing GAD assays specific for IDDM. |
| 5674 | 7532678 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be an immunologically mediated disease resulting in the complete destruction of the insulin-producing islets of Langerhans. |
| 5675 | 7532678 | Female NOD mice treated at the onset of insulitis (2-4 wk of age) with CTLA4Ig immunoglobulin (Ig) (a soluble CD28 antagonist) or a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for B7-2 (a CD28 ligand) did not develop diabetes. |
| 5676 | 7533736 | Evidence that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in cytokine-mediated islet beta-cell dysfunction and destruction in vitro has led to the hypothesis that increased production of NO may contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5677 | 7534080 | Based upon the sequential multistep model of lymphocyte adhesion to the endothelium, we investigated the possibility of preventing the progression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by selectively blocking L-selectin and alpha 4-integrin homing receptors, which function at different stages of the adhesion process. |
| 5678 | 7534144 | Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5679 | 7534144 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of 44 h of hyperglycaemia on diurnal levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH) and glucagon in 7 well-controlled subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5680 | 7534144 | However, the IGFBP-1 levels were increased in these IDDM subjects despite a peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 5681 | 7534144 | An inverse correlation was found between IGFBP-1 and peripheral insulin levels both during periods of rapid changes in IGFBP-1 and insulin concentrations (i.e. morning hours) as well as during the total 24-h sampling period. |
| 5682 | 7534144 | Total IGF-1 levels were low, but no further decrease was seen after 24 h of hyperglycaemia in the presence of unchanged insulin levels. |
| 5683 | 7534144 | In conclusion, the present study clearly shows that the increased IGFBP-1 level seen during poor metabolic control in IDDM is not caused by hyperglycaemia. |
| 5684 | 7534144 | Glucose levels per se do not influence either total IGF-1 or IGFBP-1 concentrations in well-insulinised diabetic patients. |
| 5685 | 7534144 | Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5686 | 7534144 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of 44 h of hyperglycaemia on diurnal levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH) and glucagon in 7 well-controlled subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5687 | 7534144 | However, the IGFBP-1 levels were increased in these IDDM subjects despite a peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 5688 | 7534144 | An inverse correlation was found between IGFBP-1 and peripheral insulin levels both during periods of rapid changes in IGFBP-1 and insulin concentrations (i.e. morning hours) as well as during the total 24-h sampling period. |
| 5689 | 7534144 | Total IGF-1 levels were low, but no further decrease was seen after 24 h of hyperglycaemia in the presence of unchanged insulin levels. |
| 5690 | 7534144 | In conclusion, the present study clearly shows that the increased IGFBP-1 level seen during poor metabolic control in IDDM is not caused by hyperglycaemia. |
| 5691 | 7534144 | Glucose levels per se do not influence either total IGF-1 or IGFBP-1 concentrations in well-insulinised diabetic patients. |
| 5692 | 7534144 | Regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5693 | 7534144 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of 44 h of hyperglycaemia on diurnal levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), growth hormone (GH) and glucagon in 7 well-controlled subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5694 | 7534144 | However, the IGFBP-1 levels were increased in these IDDM subjects despite a peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 5695 | 7534144 | An inverse correlation was found between IGFBP-1 and peripheral insulin levels both during periods of rapid changes in IGFBP-1 and insulin concentrations (i.e. morning hours) as well as during the total 24-h sampling period. |
| 5696 | 7534144 | Total IGF-1 levels were low, but no further decrease was seen after 24 h of hyperglycaemia in the presence of unchanged insulin levels. |
| 5697 | 7534144 | In conclusion, the present study clearly shows that the increased IGFBP-1 level seen during poor metabolic control in IDDM is not caused by hyperglycaemia. |
| 5698 | 7534144 | Glucose levels per se do not influence either total IGF-1 or IGFBP-1 concentrations in well-insulinised diabetic patients. |
| 5699 | 7534735 | A CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated and CD4+ T-lymphocyte-independent autoimmune diabetes of early onset in transgenic mice. |
| 5700 | 7534735 | While transgenic mice expressing tumour necrosis factor-alpha under the control of the beta-cell-specific insulin promoter display a marked lymphocytic infiltration of the islets, they never develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5701 | 7534735 | These results indicate that while tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced lymphocytic infiltration is not sufficient to effect beta-cell destruction, locally co-stimulated islet-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes could play a critical role in the development of IDDM. |
| 5702 | 7534735 | A CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated and CD4+ T-lymphocyte-independent autoimmune diabetes of early onset in transgenic mice. |
| 5703 | 7534735 | While transgenic mice expressing tumour necrosis factor-alpha under the control of the beta-cell-specific insulin promoter display a marked lymphocytic infiltration of the islets, they never develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5704 | 7534735 | These results indicate that while tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced lymphocytic infiltration is not sufficient to effect beta-cell destruction, locally co-stimulated islet-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes could play a critical role in the development of IDDM. |
| 5705 | 7536171 | Comparison of mRNA contents of interleukin-1 beta and nitric oxide synthase in pancreatic islets isolated from female and male nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 5706 | 7536171 | Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been suggested to mediate beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by inducing nitric oxide production. |
| 5707 | 7536171 | In this study, we assessed the levels of IL-1 beta and the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), using a semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, and performed determinations of nitrite accumulation and IL-1 beta bioactivity, on pancreatic islets isolated from 5- and 16-week-old female and male nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and from nondiabetes prone NMRI mice. |
| 5708 | 7536171 | The levels of IL-1 beta activity and mRNA in freshly isolated islets from NOD 5-weeks-old females did not correlate to the iNOS mRNA content or to the nitrite production. |
| 5709 | 7536202 | Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II and IGF-binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus: correlation with metabolic control and height attainment. |
| 5710 | 7536202 | The putative effects of diabetes and metabolic control on circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) remain controversial. |
| 5711 | 7536202 | In the present study, serum levels of IGF-I and IGF-II and IGFBP-1, -2, and -3 were measured in 58 patients (age, 0.8-17 yr) with treated (51 subjects) or untreated (7 subjects) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and were compared with the levels in normal subjects. |
| 5712 | 7536202 | In the untreated patients IGF-I and IGF-II were decreased as compared with the healthy controls. |
| 5713 | 7536202 | In the treated diabetics IGF-I and IGF-II were reduced; IGFBP-2 (only in prepubertal subjects) and IGFBP-3 were increased. |
| 5714 | 7536202 | Furthermore, age-adjusted values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were lower in prepubertal than in pubertal patients. |
| 5715 | 7536202 | Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between hemoglobin (Hb)A1c and standard deviation scores (SDS) of IGF-I and a positive association between HbA1c and IGFBP-1 SDS or IGFBP-2 SDS. |
| 5716 | 7536202 | In the treated patients HbA1c was positively related to IGFBP-1 SDS and IGFBP-2 SDS when applying simple regression analysis and to IGFBP-2 SDS when using a multiple regression model. |
| 5717 | 7536202 | Strong correlations were observed between height SDS and IGF-I SDS, IGF-II SDS, and IGFBP-3 SDS in prepubertal subjects who had had IDDM for at least 2 yr, but not in adolescents. |
| 5718 | 7536202 | In conclusion; 1) IDDM is associated with alterations of the IGF-IGFBP system, which are partially accounted for by differences in metabolic control and pubertal status; 2) the lower plasma concentrations of serum IGF-I may play a role in the pathogenesis of growth impairment of poorly controlled prepubertal, but not pubertal, children and adolescents with IDDM; and 3) in addition, a potential role of the altered IGF-IGFBP system for the development of diabetic late complications is hypothesized. |
| 5719 | 7536202 | Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II and IGF-binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus: correlation with metabolic control and height attainment. |
| 5720 | 7536202 | The putative effects of diabetes and metabolic control on circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) remain controversial. |
| 5721 | 7536202 | In the present study, serum levels of IGF-I and IGF-II and IGFBP-1, -2, and -3 were measured in 58 patients (age, 0.8-17 yr) with treated (51 subjects) or untreated (7 subjects) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and were compared with the levels in normal subjects. |
| 5722 | 7536202 | In the untreated patients IGF-I and IGF-II were decreased as compared with the healthy controls. |
| 5723 | 7536202 | In the treated diabetics IGF-I and IGF-II were reduced; IGFBP-2 (only in prepubertal subjects) and IGFBP-3 were increased. |
| 5724 | 7536202 | Furthermore, age-adjusted values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were lower in prepubertal than in pubertal patients. |
| 5725 | 7536202 | Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between hemoglobin (Hb)A1c and standard deviation scores (SDS) of IGF-I and a positive association between HbA1c and IGFBP-1 SDS or IGFBP-2 SDS. |
| 5726 | 7536202 | In the treated patients HbA1c was positively related to IGFBP-1 SDS and IGFBP-2 SDS when applying simple regression analysis and to IGFBP-2 SDS when using a multiple regression model. |
| 5727 | 7536202 | Strong correlations were observed between height SDS and IGF-I SDS, IGF-II SDS, and IGFBP-3 SDS in prepubertal subjects who had had IDDM for at least 2 yr, but not in adolescents. |
| 5728 | 7536202 | In conclusion; 1) IDDM is associated with alterations of the IGF-IGFBP system, which are partially accounted for by differences in metabolic control and pubertal status; 2) the lower plasma concentrations of serum IGF-I may play a role in the pathogenesis of growth impairment of poorly controlled prepubertal, but not pubertal, children and adolescents with IDDM; and 3) in addition, a potential role of the altered IGF-IGFBP system for the development of diabetic late complications is hypothesized. |
| 5729 | 7536202 | Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II and IGF-binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus: correlation with metabolic control and height attainment. |
| 5730 | 7536202 | The putative effects of diabetes and metabolic control on circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) remain controversial. |
| 5731 | 7536202 | In the present study, serum levels of IGF-I and IGF-II and IGFBP-1, -2, and -3 were measured in 58 patients (age, 0.8-17 yr) with treated (51 subjects) or untreated (7 subjects) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and were compared with the levels in normal subjects. |
| 5732 | 7536202 | In the untreated patients IGF-I and IGF-II were decreased as compared with the healthy controls. |
| 5733 | 7536202 | In the treated diabetics IGF-I and IGF-II were reduced; IGFBP-2 (only in prepubertal subjects) and IGFBP-3 were increased. |
| 5734 | 7536202 | Furthermore, age-adjusted values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 were lower in prepubertal than in pubertal patients. |
| 5735 | 7536202 | Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between hemoglobin (Hb)A1c and standard deviation scores (SDS) of IGF-I and a positive association between HbA1c and IGFBP-1 SDS or IGFBP-2 SDS. |
| 5736 | 7536202 | In the treated patients HbA1c was positively related to IGFBP-1 SDS and IGFBP-2 SDS when applying simple regression analysis and to IGFBP-2 SDS when using a multiple regression model. |
| 5737 | 7536202 | Strong correlations were observed between height SDS and IGF-I SDS, IGF-II SDS, and IGFBP-3 SDS in prepubertal subjects who had had IDDM for at least 2 yr, but not in adolescents. |
| 5738 | 7536202 | In conclusion; 1) IDDM is associated with alterations of the IGF-IGFBP system, which are partially accounted for by differences in metabolic control and pubertal status; 2) the lower plasma concentrations of serum IGF-I may play a role in the pathogenesis of growth impairment of poorly controlled prepubertal, but not pubertal, children and adolescents with IDDM; and 3) in addition, a potential role of the altered IGF-IGFBP system for the development of diabetic late complications is hypothesized. |
| 5739 | 7536208 | Choice of treatment affects plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 5740 | 7536208 | Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) modulates the metabolic and mitogenic effects of IGFs. |
| 5741 | 7536208 | Although IGFBP-1 levels are abnormally high in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), relatively little is known in NIDDM; conflicting data have suggested both high and low levels. |
| 5742 | 7536208 | In sulfonylurea-treated patients there were markedly reduced plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations (median, interquartile range in parentheses): control, 61.0 (36-96) micrograms/L; sulfonylureas alone, 31.5 (21-61) micrograms/L (P < 0.01); and sulfonylureas plus insulin, 31.5 (9-53) micrograms/L (P < 0.01). |
| 5743 | 7536208 | Once daily insulin was associated with values similar to those in the control group [62.0 (27-103) micrograms/L; P = NS], whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher with multiple insulin injection therapy [156.0 (71-184) micrograms/L; P < 0.05]. |
| 5744 | 7536208 | Proinsulin levels were higher in sulfonylurea-treated patients, but there was no significant correlation between IGFBP-1 and proinsulin within any individual group. |
| 5745 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5746 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5747 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5748 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5749 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5750 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5751 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5752 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5753 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5754 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5755 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5756 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5757 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5758 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5759 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5760 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5761 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5762 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5763 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5764 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5765 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5766 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5767 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5768 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5769 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5770 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5771 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5772 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5773 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5774 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5775 | 7538087 | Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibody production by CD5+ and CD5- B lymphocytes in IDDM. |
| 5776 | 7538087 | Increased proportions of CD5 + B lymphocytes in some autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), have been noticed. |
| 5777 | 7538087 | The present study was undertaken to analyse the differences between CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocyte subsets for production of IDDM-related autoantibodies, i.e. anti-human insulin antibodies (IA) and anti-human islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 5778 | 7538087 | For this purpose, Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-transformation of FACS cell-sorted CD5 + and CD5- B lymphocytes and unfractionated enriched B lymphocytes from nine IDDM patients treated exclusively with recombinant human insulin, and from four healthy control subjects was performed; a mean of 102-216 microcultures with a mean of 1,000-2,333 cells/microculture for each B-lymphocyte fraction and individual was established. |
| 5779 | 7538087 | Data show that both CD5 + and CD5- B-lymphocyte subsets from either normal subjects or from IDDM patients receiving recombinant human insulin, contain B lymphocytes committed to the production of IA-IgM as a common element of their repertoire. |
| 5780 | 7538087 | Only one microculture, out of a total of 6,211 screened (from control subjects and patients), in the CD5- B-cell subset from a recently-diagnosed IDDM patient, was found to produce ICA-IgM lambda. |
| 5781 | 7543110 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5782 | 7543110 | Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. |
| 5783 | 7543110 | To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 5784 | 7543110 | Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. |
| 5785 | 7543110 | After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). |
| 5786 | 7543110 | In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. |
| 5787 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 5788 | 7543110 | After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. |
| 5789 | 7543110 | IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. |
| 5790 | 7543110 | During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. |
| 5791 | 7543110 | Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. |
| 5792 | 7543110 | These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5793 | 7543110 | Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency. |
| 5794 | 7543110 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5795 | 7543110 | Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. |
| 5796 | 7543110 | To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 5797 | 7543110 | Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. |
| 5798 | 7543110 | After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). |
| 5799 | 7543110 | In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. |
| 5800 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 5801 | 7543110 | After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. |
| 5802 | 7543110 | IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. |
| 5803 | 7543110 | During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. |
| 5804 | 7543110 | Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. |
| 5805 | 7543110 | These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5806 | 7543110 | Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency. |
| 5807 | 7543110 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5808 | 7543110 | Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. |
| 5809 | 7543110 | To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 5810 | 7543110 | Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. |
| 5811 | 7543110 | After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). |
| 5812 | 7543110 | In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. |
| 5813 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 5814 | 7543110 | After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. |
| 5815 | 7543110 | IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. |
| 5816 | 7543110 | During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. |
| 5817 | 7543110 | Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. |
| 5818 | 7543110 | These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5819 | 7543110 | Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency. |
| 5820 | 7543110 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5821 | 7543110 | Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. |
| 5822 | 7543110 | To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 5823 | 7543110 | Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. |
| 5824 | 7543110 | After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). |
| 5825 | 7543110 | In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. |
| 5826 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 5827 | 7543110 | After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. |
| 5828 | 7543110 | IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. |
| 5829 | 7543110 | During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. |
| 5830 | 7543110 | Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. |
| 5831 | 7543110 | These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5832 | 7543110 | Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency. |
| 5833 | 7543110 | Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 proteolysis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a possible role for insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5834 | 7543110 | Limited proteolysis of serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 has been described in various conditions and may increase the bioavailability of IGFs. |
| 5835 | 7543110 | To characterize the relationship between insulin and IGFBP-3 protease activity, we have examined serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis in children with untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and have followed the effect of insulin therapy on serum IGFBP-3 proteolysis at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 5836 | 7543110 | Ligand blot analysis of sera from untreated children with IDDM showed that intact IGFBP-3 was 50 +/- 9% of the age-matched control pool. |
| 5837 | 7543110 | After the initiation of insulin treatment, IGFBP-3 did not change significantly at 1 day after treatment but increased dramatically at 1 week (90 +/- 13%) and 1 month after treatment (102 +/- 13%). |
| 5838 | 7543110 | In contrast, when measured by immunoradiometric assay (which detects both intact and fragments of IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 levels were 70% of the control pool before insulin therapy and did not increase significantly until 1 month after treatment. |
| 5839 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 5840 | 7543110 | After insulin, intact IGFBP-3 increased and the 30-kDa fragment decreased to values comparable to those observed in controls. |
| 5841 | 7543110 | IGFBP-3 proteolysis was increased before insulin therapy (160 +/- 9%) and decreased to 81 +/- 9% at 1 week and to 71 +/- 11% at 1 month after insulin treatment. |
| 5842 | 7543110 | During insulin therapy, serum IGFBP-3 protease activity decreased gradually to 91 +/- 5% of control values at 1 month. |
| 5843 | 7543110 | Molecular sizes of the IGFBP-3 proteolytic fragments (30 kDa, 24 kDa, and 19 kDa) and inhibition profile of IGFBP-3 protease were similar in IDDM and pregnancy sera, indicating that similar proteases (cation-dependent serine proteases) were active in both conditions. |
| 5844 | 7543110 | These results suggest an important role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-3 protease activity. |
| 5845 | 7543110 | Increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis in the sera of children with IDDM may serve to counteract the catabolic state induced by insulin deficiency. |
| 5846 | 7545695 | Altered relation between circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and insulin in growth hormone-deficient patients and insulin-dependent diabetic patients compared to that in healthy subjects. |
| 5847 | 7545695 | To investigate whether previously reported increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in GH-deficient patients only reflect decreased levels of insulin or are elevated in relation to insulin, diurnal profiles of IGFBP-1 and insulin were determined in plasma from patients with GH levels below 0.2 microgram/L throughout 24 h (n = 23) and compared to profiles from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 9) and healthy subjects (n = 12). |
| 5848 | 7545695 | As in healthy subjects, serum IGFBP-1 displayed a diurnal variation in GH-deficient as well as in IDDM patients, with lowest levels in the afternoon and evening and a rise with maximum levels during the night and morning. |
| 5849 | 7545695 | Fasting and 24-h mean levels of IGFBP-1 were significantly higher in GH-deficient patients [61 +/- 12 (P < 0.01) and 39 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] and IDDM patients [72 +/- 18 (P < 0.01) and 45 +/- 9 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] compared to those in healthy subjects (27 +/- 4 and 18 +/- 2 micrograms/L, respectively). |
| 5850 | 7545695 | An inverse relationship was found between IGFBP-1 and insulin in GH-deficient patients, both between 24-h mean values (r = -0.756; P < 0.001) and between fasting values (r = -0.721; P < 0.001). |
| 5851 | 7545695 | Moreover, in GH-deficient patients, the diurnal mean levels of IGFBP-1 were inversely correlated to IGF-I (r = -0.477; P < 0.05) and body mass index (r = -0.450; P < 0.05). |
| 5852 | 7545695 | When insulin was taken into account, a tendency for a negative correlation between IGFBP-1 and IGF-I (P = 0.054) remained, whereas the relationship to body mass index disappeared. |
| 5853 | 7545695 | However, IGFBP-1 levels were elevated in relation to insulin levels in GH-deficient patients compared to healthy subjects (F = 48.7; P < 0.001 and F = 32.5; P < 0.001, diurnal mean values and fasting values, respectively). |
| 5854 | 7545695 | Altered relation between circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and insulin in growth hormone-deficient patients and insulin-dependent diabetic patients compared to that in healthy subjects. |
| 5855 | 7545695 | To investigate whether previously reported increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in GH-deficient patients only reflect decreased levels of insulin or are elevated in relation to insulin, diurnal profiles of IGFBP-1 and insulin were determined in plasma from patients with GH levels below 0.2 microgram/L throughout 24 h (n = 23) and compared to profiles from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 9) and healthy subjects (n = 12). |
| 5856 | 7545695 | As in healthy subjects, serum IGFBP-1 displayed a diurnal variation in GH-deficient as well as in IDDM patients, with lowest levels in the afternoon and evening and a rise with maximum levels during the night and morning. |
| 5857 | 7545695 | Fasting and 24-h mean levels of IGFBP-1 were significantly higher in GH-deficient patients [61 +/- 12 (P < 0.01) and 39 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] and IDDM patients [72 +/- 18 (P < 0.01) and 45 +/- 9 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] compared to those in healthy subjects (27 +/- 4 and 18 +/- 2 micrograms/L, respectively). |
| 5858 | 7545695 | An inverse relationship was found between IGFBP-1 and insulin in GH-deficient patients, both between 24-h mean values (r = -0.756; P < 0.001) and between fasting values (r = -0.721; P < 0.001). |
| 5859 | 7545695 | Moreover, in GH-deficient patients, the diurnal mean levels of IGFBP-1 were inversely correlated to IGF-I (r = -0.477; P < 0.05) and body mass index (r = -0.450; P < 0.05). |
| 5860 | 7545695 | When insulin was taken into account, a tendency for a negative correlation between IGFBP-1 and IGF-I (P = 0.054) remained, whereas the relationship to body mass index disappeared. |
| 5861 | 7545695 | However, IGFBP-1 levels were elevated in relation to insulin levels in GH-deficient patients compared to healthy subjects (F = 48.7; P < 0.001 and F = 32.5; P < 0.001, diurnal mean values and fasting values, respectively). |
| 5862 | 7545695 | Altered relation between circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 and insulin in growth hormone-deficient patients and insulin-dependent diabetic patients compared to that in healthy subjects. |
| 5863 | 7545695 | To investigate whether previously reported increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in GH-deficient patients only reflect decreased levels of insulin or are elevated in relation to insulin, diurnal profiles of IGFBP-1 and insulin were determined in plasma from patients with GH levels below 0.2 microgram/L throughout 24 h (n = 23) and compared to profiles from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 9) and healthy subjects (n = 12). |
| 5864 | 7545695 | As in healthy subjects, serum IGFBP-1 displayed a diurnal variation in GH-deficient as well as in IDDM patients, with lowest levels in the afternoon and evening and a rise with maximum levels during the night and morning. |
| 5865 | 7545695 | Fasting and 24-h mean levels of IGFBP-1 were significantly higher in GH-deficient patients [61 +/- 12 (P < 0.01) and 39 +/- 6 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] and IDDM patients [72 +/- 18 (P < 0.01) and 45 +/- 9 micrograms/L (P < 0.01), respectively] compared to those in healthy subjects (27 +/- 4 and 18 +/- 2 micrograms/L, respectively). |
| 5866 | 7545695 | An inverse relationship was found between IGFBP-1 and insulin in GH-deficient patients, both between 24-h mean values (r = -0.756; P < 0.001) and between fasting values (r = -0.721; P < 0.001). |
| 5867 | 7545695 | Moreover, in GH-deficient patients, the diurnal mean levels of IGFBP-1 were inversely correlated to IGF-I (r = -0.477; P < 0.05) and body mass index (r = -0.450; P < 0.05). |
| 5868 | 7545695 | When insulin was taken into account, a tendency for a negative correlation between IGFBP-1 and IGF-I (P = 0.054) remained, whereas the relationship to body mass index disappeared. |
| 5869 | 7545695 | However, IGFBP-1 levels were elevated in relation to insulin levels in GH-deficient patients compared to healthy subjects (F = 48.7; P < 0.001 and F = 32.5; P < 0.001, diurnal mean values and fasting values, respectively). |
| 5870 | 7548302 | [Role of environmental factors in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Venezuelan children]. |
| 5871 | 7548302 | In view of the controversy surrounding the role of environmental factors, such as the presence of bovine albumin in milk, or viral infections, in the etiology of IDDM, a study was undertaken to determine the relationship between these events and the subsequent risk of developing IDDM. |
| 5872 | 7548302 | [Role of environmental factors in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Venezuelan children]. |
| 5873 | 7548302 | In view of the controversy surrounding the role of environmental factors, such as the presence of bovine albumin in milk, or viral infections, in the etiology of IDDM, a study was undertaken to determine the relationship between these events and the subsequent risk of developing IDDM. |
| 5874 | 7553053 | ICA were measured in sera from 58 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 456 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 50 patients with autoimmune diseases, and 110 healthy controls. |
| 5875 | 7554787 | In the practice 256 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 76 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), attended for a total of 1596 doctor/patient contacts in the diabetic clinic over 10 years. |
| 5876 | 7555521 | The clinical relevance of fetal hemoglobin in IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 5877 | 7555603 | Renin-aldosterone axis in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients with glomerular hyperfiltration. |
| 5878 | 7555603 | The renin-aldosterone axis was evaluated by captopril test in 22 normotensive normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with and without glomerular hyperfiltration. |
| 5879 | 7556956 | Chromosome locations of non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes contributing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in mice have been determined by outcrossing NOD mice to other inbred strains congenic for the NOD MHC haplotype (H2g7). |
| 5880 | 7556961 | Levels of lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein cholesterol distribution in IDDM. |
| 5881 | 7556981 | Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme gene is associated with coronary heart disease in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 5882 | 7556981 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy have a highly increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. |
| 5883 | 7556981 | Therefore, we have investigated the role of this ACE/ID polymorphism in 198 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy and 190 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 5884 | 7556981 | We suggest that ACE/ID polymorphism may influence the frequency of life-threatening cardiac complications in IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy, a condition characterized by increased plasma ACE concentration. |
| 5885 | 7556981 | Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme gene is associated with coronary heart disease in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 5886 | 7556981 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy have a highly increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. |
| 5887 | 7556981 | Therefore, we have investigated the role of this ACE/ID polymorphism in 198 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy and 190 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 5888 | 7556981 | We suggest that ACE/ID polymorphism may influence the frequency of life-threatening cardiac complications in IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy, a condition characterized by increased plasma ACE concentration. |
| 5889 | 7556981 | Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme gene is associated with coronary heart disease in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 5890 | 7556981 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy have a highly increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. |
| 5891 | 7556981 | Therefore, we have investigated the role of this ACE/ID polymorphism in 198 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy and 190 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 5892 | 7556981 | We suggest that ACE/ID polymorphism may influence the frequency of life-threatening cardiac complications in IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy, a condition characterized by increased plasma ACE concentration. |
| 5893 | 7556981 | Insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme gene is associated with coronary heart disease in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 5894 | 7556981 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy have a highly increased morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease. |
| 5895 | 7556981 | Therefore, we have investigated the role of this ACE/ID polymorphism in 198 IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy and 190 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 5896 | 7556981 | We suggest that ACE/ID polymorphism may influence the frequency of life-threatening cardiac complications in IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy, a condition characterized by increased plasma ACE concentration. |
| 5897 | 7556982 | Electrophysiological tests (electroretinogram, oscillatory potentials, visual evoked potentials, in the basal condition and after photostress) reveal an abnormal function of the visual system in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 5898 | 7556984 | Identification of islet autoantigens offers the possibility that antibody tests other than islet cell antibodies may be used for assessing risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5899 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies, antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, carboxypeptidase-H, and islet cell autoantigen (ICA)69 were measured in sera from 100 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients, 27 individuals prior to onset of IDDM, and 83 control subjects. |
| 5900 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies were detected in 88% of IDDM patients and 81% with pre-IDDM, GAD65 antibodies in 70% of IDDM patients and 89% with pre-IDDM, and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments in 54% of IDDM patients and in 48% with pre-IDDM. |
| 5901 | 7556984 | All 20 IDDM patients and the 3 pre-IDDM subjects who had islet cell antibodies without GAD65 antibodies had antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, and all but one had disease onset before age 15 years. |
| 5902 | 7556984 | The findings suggest that none of the single antibody specificities are as sensitive as islet cell antibodies, but that a combination of GAD65 antibodies and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments has the potential to identify more than 90% of future cases of IDDM. |
| 5903 | 7556984 | Identification of islet autoantigens offers the possibility that antibody tests other than islet cell antibodies may be used for assessing risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5904 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies, antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, carboxypeptidase-H, and islet cell autoantigen (ICA)69 were measured in sera from 100 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients, 27 individuals prior to onset of IDDM, and 83 control subjects. |
| 5905 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies were detected in 88% of IDDM patients and 81% with pre-IDDM, GAD65 antibodies in 70% of IDDM patients and 89% with pre-IDDM, and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments in 54% of IDDM patients and in 48% with pre-IDDM. |
| 5906 | 7556984 | All 20 IDDM patients and the 3 pre-IDDM subjects who had islet cell antibodies without GAD65 antibodies had antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, and all but one had disease onset before age 15 years. |
| 5907 | 7556984 | The findings suggest that none of the single antibody specificities are as sensitive as islet cell antibodies, but that a combination of GAD65 antibodies and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments has the potential to identify more than 90% of future cases of IDDM. |
| 5908 | 7556984 | Identification of islet autoantigens offers the possibility that antibody tests other than islet cell antibodies may be used for assessing risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5909 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies, antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, carboxypeptidase-H, and islet cell autoantigen (ICA)69 were measured in sera from 100 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients, 27 individuals prior to onset of IDDM, and 83 control subjects. |
| 5910 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies were detected in 88% of IDDM patients and 81% with pre-IDDM, GAD65 antibodies in 70% of IDDM patients and 89% with pre-IDDM, and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments in 54% of IDDM patients and in 48% with pre-IDDM. |
| 5911 | 7556984 | All 20 IDDM patients and the 3 pre-IDDM subjects who had islet cell antibodies without GAD65 antibodies had antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, and all but one had disease onset before age 15 years. |
| 5912 | 7556984 | The findings suggest that none of the single antibody specificities are as sensitive as islet cell antibodies, but that a combination of GAD65 antibodies and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments has the potential to identify more than 90% of future cases of IDDM. |
| 5913 | 7556984 | Identification of islet autoantigens offers the possibility that antibody tests other than islet cell antibodies may be used for assessing risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5914 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies, antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, carboxypeptidase-H, and islet cell autoantigen (ICA)69 were measured in sera from 100 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients, 27 individuals prior to onset of IDDM, and 83 control subjects. |
| 5915 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies were detected in 88% of IDDM patients and 81% with pre-IDDM, GAD65 antibodies in 70% of IDDM patients and 89% with pre-IDDM, and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments in 54% of IDDM patients and in 48% with pre-IDDM. |
| 5916 | 7556984 | All 20 IDDM patients and the 3 pre-IDDM subjects who had islet cell antibodies without GAD65 antibodies had antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, and all but one had disease onset before age 15 years. |
| 5917 | 7556984 | The findings suggest that none of the single antibody specificities are as sensitive as islet cell antibodies, but that a combination of GAD65 antibodies and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments has the potential to identify more than 90% of future cases of IDDM. |
| 5918 | 7556984 | Identification of islet autoantigens offers the possibility that antibody tests other than islet cell antibodies may be used for assessing risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5919 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies, antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65, 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, carboxypeptidase-H, and islet cell autoantigen (ICA)69 were measured in sera from 100 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients, 27 individuals prior to onset of IDDM, and 83 control subjects. |
| 5920 | 7556984 | Islet cell antibodies were detected in 88% of IDDM patients and 81% with pre-IDDM, GAD65 antibodies in 70% of IDDM patients and 89% with pre-IDDM, and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments in 54% of IDDM patients and in 48% with pre-IDDM. |
| 5921 | 7556984 | All 20 IDDM patients and the 3 pre-IDDM subjects who had islet cell antibodies without GAD65 antibodies had antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments, and all but one had disease onset before age 15 years. |
| 5922 | 7556984 | The findings suggest that none of the single antibody specificities are as sensitive as islet cell antibodies, but that a combination of GAD65 antibodies and antibodies to 37,000/40,000 M(r) islet tryptic fragments has the potential to identify more than 90% of future cases of IDDM. |
| 5923 | 7556985 | Recent data provided by the EURODIAB ACE study group have confirmed wide variation in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) across Europe. |
| 5924 | 7556985 | Using a uniform methodology, the EURODIAB ACE framework ascertained 3,168 newly-diagnosed cases of IDDM in children under the age of 15 years during 1989-1990. |
| 5925 | 7556985 | Recent data provided by the EURODIAB ACE study group have confirmed wide variation in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) across Europe. |
| 5926 | 7556985 | Using a uniform methodology, the EURODIAB ACE framework ascertained 3,168 newly-diagnosed cases of IDDM in children under the age of 15 years during 1989-1990. |
| 5927 | 7556986 | Normal subjects, fasted 60 h, and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), withdrawn from insulin and fasted overnight, were given phenylacetate orally and intravenously infused with [3-14C]lactate and 13C-bicarbonate. |
| 5928 | 7556988 | Nicotinamide has been recently introduced, in addition to intensive insulin therapy for patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to protect beta cells from end-stage destruction. |
| 5929 | 7556988 | A double blind trial in 56 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients receiving nicotinamide for 12 months at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight or placebo was designed in order to determine whether this treatment could improve the integrated parameters of metabolic control (insulin dose, glycated haemoglobin and C-peptide secretion) in the year after diagnosis. |
| 5930 | 7556988 | Nicotinamide has been recently introduced, in addition to intensive insulin therapy for patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to protect beta cells from end-stage destruction. |
| 5931 | 7556988 | A double blind trial in 56 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients receiving nicotinamide for 12 months at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight or placebo was designed in order to determine whether this treatment could improve the integrated parameters of metabolic control (insulin dose, glycated haemoglobin and C-peptide secretion) in the year after diagnosis. |
| 5932 | 7558161 | The NOD mouse model has clinical and histoimmunological features similar to those of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5933 | 7558930 | TAP2 association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is secondary to HLA-DQB1. |
| 5934 | 7558930 | While present evidence implicates HLA-DQ as the major susceptibility locus in IDDM, as class I expression apparently plays a role in the progression of disease, the possibility exists that the association attributed to HLA-DQ is in fact due to an association with the TAP genes. |
| 5935 | 7558930 | Several studies have concluded that the alleles of TAP1 are not significantly associated with IDDM; this report concentrates on the more telomeric TAP2 locus. |
| 5936 | 7558930 | Overall, our results indicate only a modest association of IDDM with TAP2; however, the newly described TAP2*F allele was found to be significantly increased in a modest subset of our large diabetic population. |
| 5937 | 7558930 | These data, generated from the same population of controls and diabetics we previously studied at all other relevant MHC loci, provide additional evidence that the HLA susceptibility to IDDM maps to HLA-DQ. |
| 5938 | 7558930 | TAP2 association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is secondary to HLA-DQB1. |
| 5939 | 7558930 | While present evidence implicates HLA-DQ as the major susceptibility locus in IDDM, as class I expression apparently plays a role in the progression of disease, the possibility exists that the association attributed to HLA-DQ is in fact due to an association with the TAP genes. |
| 5940 | 7558930 | Several studies have concluded that the alleles of TAP1 are not significantly associated with IDDM; this report concentrates on the more telomeric TAP2 locus. |
| 5941 | 7558930 | Overall, our results indicate only a modest association of IDDM with TAP2; however, the newly described TAP2*F allele was found to be significantly increased in a modest subset of our large diabetic population. |
| 5942 | 7558930 | These data, generated from the same population of controls and diabetics we previously studied at all other relevant MHC loci, provide additional evidence that the HLA susceptibility to IDDM maps to HLA-DQ. |
| 5943 | 7558930 | TAP2 association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is secondary to HLA-DQB1. |
| 5944 | 7558930 | While present evidence implicates HLA-DQ as the major susceptibility locus in IDDM, as class I expression apparently plays a role in the progression of disease, the possibility exists that the association attributed to HLA-DQ is in fact due to an association with the TAP genes. |
| 5945 | 7558930 | Several studies have concluded that the alleles of TAP1 are not significantly associated with IDDM; this report concentrates on the more telomeric TAP2 locus. |
| 5946 | 7558930 | Overall, our results indicate only a modest association of IDDM with TAP2; however, the newly described TAP2*F allele was found to be significantly increased in a modest subset of our large diabetic population. |
| 5947 | 7558930 | These data, generated from the same population of controls and diabetics we previously studied at all other relevant MHC loci, provide additional evidence that the HLA susceptibility to IDDM maps to HLA-DQ. |
| 5948 | 7558930 | TAP2 association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is secondary to HLA-DQB1. |
| 5949 | 7558930 | While present evidence implicates HLA-DQ as the major susceptibility locus in IDDM, as class I expression apparently plays a role in the progression of disease, the possibility exists that the association attributed to HLA-DQ is in fact due to an association with the TAP genes. |
| 5950 | 7558930 | Several studies have concluded that the alleles of TAP1 are not significantly associated with IDDM; this report concentrates on the more telomeric TAP2 locus. |
| 5951 | 7558930 | Overall, our results indicate only a modest association of IDDM with TAP2; however, the newly described TAP2*F allele was found to be significantly increased in a modest subset of our large diabetic population. |
| 5952 | 7558930 | These data, generated from the same population of controls and diabetics we previously studied at all other relevant MHC loci, provide additional evidence that the HLA susceptibility to IDDM maps to HLA-DQ. |
| 5953 | 7559888 | Alterations in cortisol metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relationship with metabolic control and estimated blood volume and effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. |
| 5954 | 7559888 | 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta HSD) catalyzes the interconversion of cortisol and its inactive metabolite, cortisone, and protects the mineralocorticoid receptor from activation by cortisol. |
| 5955 | 7559888 | Sodium and fluid retention is a well documented phenomenon in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but it is not known whether diabetes-associated alterations in cortisol metabolism contribute to its pathogenesis. |
| 5956 | 7559888 | In seven microalbuminuric IDDM patients, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril (10 mg daily for 6-12 weeks), resulted in a moderate further lowering of the cortisol to cortisone metabolite ratio (P < 0.05). |
| 5957 | 7559888 | Alterations in cortisol metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relationship with metabolic control and estimated blood volume and effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. |
| 5958 | 7559888 | 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta HSD) catalyzes the interconversion of cortisol and its inactive metabolite, cortisone, and protects the mineralocorticoid receptor from activation by cortisol. |
| 5959 | 7559888 | Sodium and fluid retention is a well documented phenomenon in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but it is not known whether diabetes-associated alterations in cortisol metabolism contribute to its pathogenesis. |
| 5960 | 7559888 | In seven microalbuminuric IDDM patients, the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril (10 mg daily for 6-12 weeks), resulted in a moderate further lowering of the cortisol to cortisone metabolite ratio (P < 0.05). |
| 5961 | 7561152 | GAD65 autoantibodies occur frequently in insulin-dependent diabetic patients and is a useful marker for IDDM. |
| 5962 | 7561152 | In an immunoassay to detect autoantibodies against the proinsulin converting enzyme 2 (PC-2) no such antibodies were detected in IDDM patients. |
| 5963 | 7561152 | GAD65 autoantibodies occur frequently in insulin-dependent diabetic patients and is a useful marker for IDDM. |
| 5964 | 7561152 | In an immunoassay to detect autoantibodies against the proinsulin converting enzyme 2 (PC-2) no such antibodies were detected in IDDM patients. |
| 5965 | 7564117 | Five years of normoglycemia following pancreas transplantation (PT) does not ameliorate glomerular lesions in patients with their own kidneys and with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (Lancet 342:1193, 1993). |
| 5966 | 7566905 | These are manifested differently in the two most common forms of this disease: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 5967 | 7567975 | Primary etiological components of IDDM1, the HLA-DQB1 and -DRB1 class II immune response genes, and of IDDM2, the minisatellite repeat sequence in the 5' regulatory region of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15, have been identified. |
| 5968 | 7568143 | The 37/40-kilodalton autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the putative tyrosine phosphatase IA-2. |
| 5969 | 7568143 | Major targets for autoantibodies associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include tryptic fragments with a molecular mass of 37 kDa and/or 40 kDa of a pancreatic islet cell antigen of unknown identity. |
| 5970 | 7568143 | Furthermore, the identification of the 37/40-kDa antigen as the putative tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 is of relevance in elucidating the role of this antigen in the development of IDDM. |
| 5971 | 7568143 | The 37/40-kilodalton autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is the putative tyrosine phosphatase IA-2. |
| 5972 | 7568143 | Major targets for autoantibodies associated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include tryptic fragments with a molecular mass of 37 kDa and/or 40 kDa of a pancreatic islet cell antigen of unknown identity. |
| 5973 | 7568143 | Furthermore, the identification of the 37/40-kDa antigen as the putative tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 is of relevance in elucidating the role of this antigen in the development of IDDM. |
| 5974 | 7573054 | Two-locus maximum lod score analysis of a multifactorial trait: joint consideration of IDDM2 and IDDM4 with IDDM1 in type 1 diabetes. |
| 5975 | 7573054 | To investigate the genetic component of multifactorial diseases such as type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), models involving the joint action of several disease loci are important. |
| 5976 | 7573054 | The method is applied to affected-sib-pair data, and the joint effects of IDDM1 (HLA) and IDDM2 (the INS VNTR) and of IDDM1 and IDDM4 (FGF3-linked) are assessed with relation to the development of IDDM. |
| 5977 | 7573054 | Analysis of these families indicates that the effects at IDDM1 and IDDM2 are well described by a multiplicative genetic model, while those at IDDM1 and IDDM4 follow a heterogeneity model. |
| 5978 | 7573054 | Two-locus maximum lod score analysis of a multifactorial trait: joint consideration of IDDM2 and IDDM4 with IDDM1 in type 1 diabetes. |
| 5979 | 7573054 | To investigate the genetic component of multifactorial diseases such as type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), models involving the joint action of several disease loci are important. |
| 5980 | 7573054 | The method is applied to affected-sib-pair data, and the joint effects of IDDM1 (HLA) and IDDM2 (the INS VNTR) and of IDDM1 and IDDM4 (FGF3-linked) are assessed with relation to the development of IDDM. |
| 5981 | 7573054 | Analysis of these families indicates that the effects at IDDM1 and IDDM2 are well described by a multiplicative genetic model, while those at IDDM1 and IDDM4 follow a heterogeneity model. |
| 5982 | 7573054 | Two-locus maximum lod score analysis of a multifactorial trait: joint consideration of IDDM2 and IDDM4 with IDDM1 in type 1 diabetes. |
| 5983 | 7573054 | To investigate the genetic component of multifactorial diseases such as type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), models involving the joint action of several disease loci are important. |
| 5984 | 7573054 | The method is applied to affected-sib-pair data, and the joint effects of IDDM1 (HLA) and IDDM2 (the INS VNTR) and of IDDM1 and IDDM4 (FGF3-linked) are assessed with relation to the development of IDDM. |
| 5985 | 7573054 | Analysis of these families indicates that the effects at IDDM1 and IDDM2 are well described by a multiplicative genetic model, while those at IDDM1 and IDDM4 follow a heterogeneity model. |
| 5986 | 7573054 | Two-locus maximum lod score analysis of a multifactorial trait: joint consideration of IDDM2 and IDDM4 with IDDM1 in type 1 diabetes. |
| 5987 | 7573054 | To investigate the genetic component of multifactorial diseases such as type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), models involving the joint action of several disease loci are important. |
| 5988 | 7573054 | The method is applied to affected-sib-pair data, and the joint effects of IDDM1 (HLA) and IDDM2 (the INS VNTR) and of IDDM1 and IDDM4 (FGF3-linked) are assessed with relation to the development of IDDM. |
| 5989 | 7573054 | Analysis of these families indicates that the effects at IDDM1 and IDDM2 are well described by a multiplicative genetic model, while those at IDDM1 and IDDM4 follow a heterogeneity model. |
| 5990 | 7573053 | Affected-sib-pair mapping of a novel susceptibility gene to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM8) on chromosome 6q25-q27. |
| 5991 | 7573053 | Affected-sib-pair analyses were performed using 104 Caucasian families to map genes that predispose to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5992 | 7573053 | We also typed additional markers in the regions containing IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5, and IDDM8. |
| 5993 | 7575515 | VPA was confirmed to be an orally active and long-term acting insulin-mimetic vanadyl complex to treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in rats. |
| 5994 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 5995 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 5996 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 5997 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 5998 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 5999 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6000 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6001 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 6002 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6003 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 6004 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 6005 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 6006 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6007 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6008 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 6009 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6010 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 6011 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 6012 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 6013 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6014 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6015 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 6016 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6017 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 6018 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 6019 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 6020 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6021 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6022 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 6023 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6024 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 6025 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 6026 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 6027 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6028 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6029 | 7576003 | HLA-DP and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an ethnically mixed population. |
| 6030 | 7576003 | It is known that certain combinations of alleles within the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Complex are associated with susceptibility or resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6031 | 7576003 | Even though the association of specific DP alleles with some autoimmune diseases (i.e. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and celiac disease) has already been demonstrated, the role of HLA-DP genes in IDDM remains uncertain. |
| 6032 | 7576003 | A previous study conducted on a group of diabetic Venezuelan families with IDDM proband demonstrated that the HLA-DRB1*04-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 and DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 combinations present a strong association with susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 6033 | 7576003 | We analysed HLA-DPA1 and DPB1 genes of 42 Venezuelan families with one IDDM proband and of 32 healthy families by oligotyping (PCR-SSO) using primers and probes from the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. |
| 6034 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 6035 | 7576003 | In most cases the data showed this HLA DP allele combination as a part of the HLA DRB1*03-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype positively associated with IDDM, indicating a linkage disequilibrium between the alleles involved in this HLA DR-DQ-DP haplotype and as a consequence, a secondary role of HLA-DP genes in conferring susceptibility to the development of the disease. |
| 6036 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6037 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6038 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6039 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6040 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6041 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6042 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6043 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6044 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6045 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6046 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6047 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6048 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6049 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6050 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6051 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6052 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6053 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6054 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6055 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6056 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6057 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6058 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6059 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6060 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6061 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6062 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6063 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6064 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6065 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6066 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6067 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6068 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6069 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6070 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6071 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6072 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6073 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6074 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6075 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6076 | 7578413 | Tap-1 and Tap-2 gene therapy selectively restores conformationally dependent HLA Class I expression in type I diabetic cells. |
| 6077 | 7578413 | Genetic susceptibility to many autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is statistically linked to the HLA class II region of chromosome 6. |
| 6078 | 7578413 | The transporters associated with antigen processing (Tap-1 and Tap-2) are essential for normal class I expression and presentation of intracellular peptides, and these genes are located within the HLA class II region. |
| 6079 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 6080 | 7578413 | The results show that Tap-2 gene transfer in B cells from 40% of randomly selected IDDM patients increased expression of conformationally correct, cell-surface class I molecules to levels comparable with similarly treated B cells from normal control individuals. |
| 6081 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 6082 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 6083 | 7578413 | Thus, these complementation studies identify distinct, non-overlapping subsets of IDDM patients whose class I defect in B cells can be reversed by Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer. |
| 6084 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6085 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6086 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6087 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6088 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6089 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6090 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6091 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6092 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6093 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6094 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6095 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6096 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6097 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6098 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6099 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6100 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6101 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6102 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6103 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6104 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6105 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6106 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6107 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6108 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6109 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6110 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6111 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6112 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6113 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6114 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6115 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6116 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6117 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6118 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6119 | 7578849 | Association between antibodies to the MR 67,000 isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus with coexisting autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II. |
| 6120 | 7578849 | By using an immunoprecipitation assay, we analysed reactivity of autoantibodies to human recombinant GAD65 and GAD67 in sera from patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome Type II (APS II) with and without Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to patients with organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 6121 | 7578849 | Overall antibodies to GAD65 were correlated with IDDM in all study groups, whereas GAD67 antibodies were associated with IDDM when APS II coexists. |
| 6122 | 7578849 | Antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 were detected in 13 (44.8%) and 7 (24.1%) out of 29 APS II patients with IDDM, but in only 4 (13.8%) and 2 (6.9%) out of 29 APS II patients without IDDM, respectively (p < 0.05). |
| 6123 | 7578849 | In short-standing IDDM (< 1 year), antibodies to GAD67 were significantly more frequent in patients with APS II (5 of 9 [55.6%] subjects) compared to matched diabetic patients without coexisting polyendocrinopathy (1 of 18 [5.6%] subjects) (p < 0.02). |
| 6124 | 7578849 | The levels of GAD65 (142 +/- 90 AU) and GAD67 antibodies (178 +/- 95 AU) were significantly higher in patients with polyglandular disease than in patients with isolated IDDM (91 +/- 85 AU and 93 +/- 57 AU) (p < 0.02). |
| 6125 | 7578849 | No correlation was observed between GAD antibodies and age, sex or any particular associated autoimmune disease, besides IDDM. |
| 6126 | 7578889 | Necrobiosis lipoidica (NL), a skin disease, is associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6127 | 7578889 | Isotype-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were used to detect NAbs against actin, myosin, keratin, desmin, troponin, tropomyosin, thyroglobulin, insulin, single-stranded DNA and the hapten trinitrophenyl. |
| 6128 | 7578889 | High proportion of NL sera exhibited increased IgG anti-tropomyosin (69%), anti-troponin, anti-desmin and anti-keratin (50% each), anti-insulin (44%) and anti-trinitrophenyl (31%) activities, as well as increased IgA and IgM anti-keratin activities (26% and 31%, respectively). |
| 6129 | 7578987 | PCR analysis of interleukin-1 receptor gene in the nonobese diabetic mouse. |
| 6130 | 7578987 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a progressive autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 6131 | 7578987 | Many data suggest that interleukin 1 (IL-1) plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 6132 | 7578987 | In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a spontaneous model of IDDM, it was put forward that the disease is linked to a susceptibility locus, called idd5, which contains the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) gene. |
| 6133 | 7578987 | Using primers to amplify the IL-1R gene between bp-106 and +378, a 580 bp fragment was obtained from C57BL/6 DNA but not from DBA/2 and NOD DNA. |
| 6134 | 7578987 | However, amplification of the IL-1R gene region between bp +1 and +378 in the three strains yielded amplicons 480 bp long. |
| 6135 | 7578987 | PCR analysis of interleukin-1 receptor gene in the nonobese diabetic mouse. |
| 6136 | 7578987 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a progressive autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 6137 | 7578987 | Many data suggest that interleukin 1 (IL-1) plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 6138 | 7578987 | In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a spontaneous model of IDDM, it was put forward that the disease is linked to a susceptibility locus, called idd5, which contains the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) gene. |
| 6139 | 7578987 | Using primers to amplify the IL-1R gene between bp-106 and +378, a 580 bp fragment was obtained from C57BL/6 DNA but not from DBA/2 and NOD DNA. |
| 6140 | 7578987 | However, amplification of the IL-1R gene region between bp +1 and +378 in the three strains yielded amplicons 480 bp long. |
| 6141 | 7581967 | Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 6142 | 7581967 | To study the possible role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the discrepancy between normal or only slightly retarded growth and substantially reduced concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured the plasma concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 and free insulin in 24 prepubertal diabetic subjects and 12 control children. |
| 6143 | 7581967 | The diabetic children had significantly decreased peripheral IGF-I levels (8.2 + 1.1 (SEM) vs 16.7 + 2.5 nmol/l; p < 0.001), whereas the concentrations of free insulin were increased (217 + 14 vs 103 + 21 pmol/l; p < 0.001). |
| 6144 | 7581967 | The concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 were of the same magnitude in both groups. |
| 6145 | 7581967 | The diabetic children had significantly increased levels of IGFBP-2 (465 + 13 vs 416 + 14 micrograms/l; p = 0.029), which were inversely related to the circulating IGF-I levels (r = -0.35; p = 0.034). |
| 6146 | 7581967 | The absence in prepubertal diabetic children of increased IGFBP-1 levels observed in adolescent and adult patients with IDDM may contribute to their maintained linear growth, despite definitely decreased IGF-I concentrations. |
| 6147 | 7581967 | Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 6148 | 7581967 | To study the possible role of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the discrepancy between normal or only slightly retarded growth and substantially reduced concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured the plasma concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 and free insulin in 24 prepubertal diabetic subjects and 12 control children. |
| 6149 | 7581967 | The diabetic children had significantly decreased peripheral IGF-I levels (8.2 + 1.1 (SEM) vs 16.7 + 2.5 nmol/l; p < 0.001), whereas the concentrations of free insulin were increased (217 + 14 vs 103 + 21 pmol/l; p < 0.001). |
| 6150 | 7581967 | The concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 were of the same magnitude in both groups. |
| 6151 | 7581967 | The diabetic children had significantly increased levels of IGFBP-2 (465 + 13 vs 416 + 14 micrograms/l; p = 0.029), which were inversely related to the circulating IGF-I levels (r = -0.35; p = 0.034). |
| 6152 | 7581967 | The absence in prepubertal diabetic children of increased IGFBP-1 levels observed in adolescent and adult patients with IDDM may contribute to their maintained linear growth, despite definitely decreased IGF-I concentrations. |
| 6153 | 7584694 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is considered to be an autoimmune disease. |
| 6154 | 7587914 | Central motor conduction time in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6155 | 7587914 | In order to detect an impairment of CNS, we measured CMCT right (R) and left (L) after percutaneous stimulation of the brain in 34 patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (16 males and 18 females), aged 16.4 +/- 4.1 years (7.3-23.2 years), with duration of disease 7.6 +/- 4.9 years (7/12-16 years), and HbA1c annual mean 7.41 +/- 1.1% (n.v. 5.14 +/- 0.84%). |
| 6156 | 7587914 | Central motor conduction time in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6157 | 7587914 | In order to detect an impairment of CNS, we measured CMCT right (R) and left (L) after percutaneous stimulation of the brain in 34 patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (16 males and 18 females), aged 16.4 +/- 4.1 years (7.3-23.2 years), with duration of disease 7.6 +/- 4.9 years (7/12-16 years), and HbA1c annual mean 7.41 +/- 1.1% (n.v. 5.14 +/- 0.84%). |
| 6158 | 7587925 | Two groups of subjects were evaluated: group I consisted of 12 patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (five with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and seven with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)). |
| 6159 | 7589826 | The presence of serum islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICAs) is a standard autoimmune marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6160 | 7589826 | We tested 129 IDDM sera for antibodies to ICA512 (anti-ICA512), antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD), and ICAs; we tested for inhibition of ICAs with purified recombinant ICA512 and sheep brain GAD; and we tested for immunofluorescence reactivity on COS7 cells transfected with cDNA clones encoding ICA512 and GAD65. |
| 6161 | 7589826 | Anti-ICA512 and anti-GAD antibodies were demonstrable by indirect immunofluorescence on transfected COS7 cells, and ICA could be inhibited using either recombinant ICA512 or purified brain GAD. |
| 6162 | 7589826 | The presence of serum islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICAs) is a standard autoimmune marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6163 | 7589826 | We tested 129 IDDM sera for antibodies to ICA512 (anti-ICA512), antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD), and ICAs; we tested for inhibition of ICAs with purified recombinant ICA512 and sheep brain GAD; and we tested for immunofluorescence reactivity on COS7 cells transfected with cDNA clones encoding ICA512 and GAD65. |
| 6164 | 7589826 | Anti-ICA512 and anti-GAD antibodies were demonstrable by indirect immunofluorescence on transfected COS7 cells, and ICA could be inhibited using either recombinant ICA512 or purified brain GAD. |
| 6165 | 7589827 | The shortest, or class 1, alleles are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6166 | 7589827 | We discuss these results in relation to the population history of the 5'FP and INS region haplotypes and in relation to IDDM susceptibility in the INS region. |
| 6167 | 7589827 | The shortest, or class 1, alleles are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6168 | 7589827 | We discuss these results in relation to the population history of the 5'FP and INS region haplotypes and in relation to IDDM susceptibility in the INS region. |
| 6169 | 7589833 | To identify risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied the relationships among residual beta-cell function, human leukocyte antigen (HLA), long-term glycemic control, and development of diabetic retinopathy in 128 IDDM patients. |
| 6170 | 7589836 | IgG antibodies to bovine serum albumin are not increased in children with IDDM. |
| 6171 | 7589836 | IgG antibodies to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were measured in 91 serum samples from children 4-17 years of age with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6172 | 7589836 | IgG antibodies to bovine serum albumin are not increased in children with IDDM. |
| 6173 | 7589836 | IgG antibodies to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were measured in 91 serum samples from children 4-17 years of age with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6174 | 7589841 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been recognized for some time as an important cause of ESRD, but non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has been assumed, until recently, to rarely cause ESRD. |
| 6175 | 7589844 | When used as hosts in passive transfer experiments, a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mutation have provided great insight to the contributions of various T-cell populations in the pathogenesis of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6176 | 7589846 | In a case-control study, we investigated 184 (110 men) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (persistent albuminuria > 300 mg/24 h) (age [mean +/- SD] 41.0 +/- 9.3 years, duration of diabetes 26.9 +/- 8.2 years) and 182 (111 men) normoalbuminuric (< 30 mg/24 h) IDDM patients (age 42.1 +/- 9.8 years, duration of diabetes 25.8 +/- 8.6 years). |
| 6177 | 7589848 | Aberrant activation of CD8+ T-cell and CD8+ T-cell subsets in patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 6178 | 7589848 | Two- and three-color cytofluorimetric techniques were used to study the expression patterns of the activation antigen HLA-DR on peripheral blood immunoregulatory T-cells from 25 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 6179 | 7589848 | In control subjects, basal activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes accounted for the low percentage levels of activated T-cells. |
| 6180 | 7589848 | In contrast, the majority of IDDM patients showed an unbalanced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes with predominant activation of the CD8+ lymphocyte subset. |
| 6181 | 7589848 | The composition of the activated T-cell fraction was dependent on the composition of the total (activated + nonactivated) T-cell population, as indicated by the positive correlation between the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios in these two cell populations (r = 0.714; P < 0.001). |
| 6182 | 7589848 | Analysis of the CD11b-defined subsets revealed predominant activation of CD8+ CD11b- (cytotoxic) T-cells; CD8+ CD16+ HLA-DR+ natural killer cells were unchanged. |
| 6183 | 7589848 | The distribution of HLA-DR+ cells among subsets of CD4+ T-cells differed from the pattern in the CD8+ population in that selective activation of CD4+ CD45RA- (memory, helper-inducer) cells accounted for the small increase in activated CD4+ cells. |
| 6184 | 7589848 | Aberrant activation of CD8+ T-cell and CD8+ T-cell subsets in patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 6185 | 7589848 | Two- and three-color cytofluorimetric techniques were used to study the expression patterns of the activation antigen HLA-DR on peripheral blood immunoregulatory T-cells from 25 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 6186 | 7589848 | In control subjects, basal activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes accounted for the low percentage levels of activated T-cells. |
| 6187 | 7589848 | In contrast, the majority of IDDM patients showed an unbalanced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes with predominant activation of the CD8+ lymphocyte subset. |
| 6188 | 7589848 | The composition of the activated T-cell fraction was dependent on the composition of the total (activated + nonactivated) T-cell population, as indicated by the positive correlation between the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios in these two cell populations (r = 0.714; P < 0.001). |
| 6189 | 7589848 | Analysis of the CD11b-defined subsets revealed predominant activation of CD8+ CD11b- (cytotoxic) T-cells; CD8+ CD16+ HLA-DR+ natural killer cells were unchanged. |
| 6190 | 7589848 | The distribution of HLA-DR+ cells among subsets of CD4+ T-cells differed from the pattern in the CD8+ population in that selective activation of CD4+ CD45RA- (memory, helper-inducer) cells accounted for the small increase in activated CD4+ cells. |
| 6191 | 7589848 | Aberrant activation of CD8+ T-cell and CD8+ T-cell subsets in patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 6192 | 7589848 | Two- and three-color cytofluorimetric techniques were used to study the expression patterns of the activation antigen HLA-DR on peripheral blood immunoregulatory T-cells from 25 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 14 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 6193 | 7589848 | In control subjects, basal activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes accounted for the low percentage levels of activated T-cells. |
| 6194 | 7589848 | In contrast, the majority of IDDM patients showed an unbalanced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes with predominant activation of the CD8+ lymphocyte subset. |
| 6195 | 7589848 | The composition of the activated T-cell fraction was dependent on the composition of the total (activated + nonactivated) T-cell population, as indicated by the positive correlation between the CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios in these two cell populations (r = 0.714; P < 0.001). |
| 6196 | 7589848 | Analysis of the CD11b-defined subsets revealed predominant activation of CD8+ CD11b- (cytotoxic) T-cells; CD8+ CD16+ HLA-DR+ natural killer cells were unchanged. |
| 6197 | 7589848 | The distribution of HLA-DR+ cells among subsets of CD4+ T-cells differed from the pattern in the CD8+ population in that selective activation of CD4+ CD45RA- (memory, helper-inducer) cells accounted for the small increase in activated CD4+ cells. |
| 6198 | 7589882 | Low bcl-2 expression and increased spontaneous apoptosis in T-lymphocytes from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 6199 | 7589882 | No data exist regarding bcl-2 expression in autoimmune diseases, such as human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6200 | 7589882 | We investigated bcl-2 protein expression by testing T lymphocytes from 15 newly-diagnosed (< 3 weeks) IDDM patients in comparison to 10 age-matched control subjects. |
| 6201 | 7589882 | When the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of bcl-2+/CD3+ cells from normal individuals and patients were compared, we found that bcl-2 expression within the CD3+ and CD4+ CD45R0+ T-cell populations was reduced significantly in IDDM patients (46.8 +/- 15.4 vs 79.6 +/- 11.7; 25.7 +/- 3.8 vs 47.15 +/- 5.7, respectively; p < 0.001). |
| 6202 | 7589882 | Our study suggests that recent onset IDDM is characterised by reduced bcl-2 expression, which in turn may be associated with the increased spontaneous apoptosis we observed. |
| 6203 | 7589882 | Low bcl-2 expression and increased spontaneous apoptosis in T-lymphocytes from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 6204 | 7589882 | No data exist regarding bcl-2 expression in autoimmune diseases, such as human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6205 | 7589882 | We investigated bcl-2 protein expression by testing T lymphocytes from 15 newly-diagnosed (< 3 weeks) IDDM patients in comparison to 10 age-matched control subjects. |
| 6206 | 7589882 | When the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of bcl-2+/CD3+ cells from normal individuals and patients were compared, we found that bcl-2 expression within the CD3+ and CD4+ CD45R0+ T-cell populations was reduced significantly in IDDM patients (46.8 +/- 15.4 vs 79.6 +/- 11.7; 25.7 +/- 3.8 vs 47.15 +/- 5.7, respectively; p < 0.001). |
| 6207 | 7589882 | Our study suggests that recent onset IDDM is characterised by reduced bcl-2 expression, which in turn may be associated with the increased spontaneous apoptosis we observed. |
| 6208 | 7589882 | Low bcl-2 expression and increased spontaneous apoptosis in T-lymphocytes from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 6209 | 7589882 | No data exist regarding bcl-2 expression in autoimmune diseases, such as human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6210 | 7589882 | We investigated bcl-2 protein expression by testing T lymphocytes from 15 newly-diagnosed (< 3 weeks) IDDM patients in comparison to 10 age-matched control subjects. |
| 6211 | 7589882 | When the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of bcl-2+/CD3+ cells from normal individuals and patients were compared, we found that bcl-2 expression within the CD3+ and CD4+ CD45R0+ T-cell populations was reduced significantly in IDDM patients (46.8 +/- 15.4 vs 79.6 +/- 11.7; 25.7 +/- 3.8 vs 47.15 +/- 5.7, respectively; p < 0.001). |
| 6212 | 7589882 | Our study suggests that recent onset IDDM is characterised by reduced bcl-2 expression, which in turn may be associated with the increased spontaneous apoptosis we observed. |
| 6213 | 7589882 | Low bcl-2 expression and increased spontaneous apoptosis in T-lymphocytes from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 6214 | 7589882 | No data exist regarding bcl-2 expression in autoimmune diseases, such as human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6215 | 7589882 | We investigated bcl-2 protein expression by testing T lymphocytes from 15 newly-diagnosed (< 3 weeks) IDDM patients in comparison to 10 age-matched control subjects. |
| 6216 | 7589882 | When the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of bcl-2+/CD3+ cells from normal individuals and patients were compared, we found that bcl-2 expression within the CD3+ and CD4+ CD45R0+ T-cell populations was reduced significantly in IDDM patients (46.8 +/- 15.4 vs 79.6 +/- 11.7; 25.7 +/- 3.8 vs 47.15 +/- 5.7, respectively; p < 0.001). |
| 6217 | 7589882 | Our study suggests that recent onset IDDM is characterised by reduced bcl-2 expression, which in turn may be associated with the increased spontaneous apoptosis we observed. |
| 6218 | 7589882 | Low bcl-2 expression and increased spontaneous apoptosis in T-lymphocytes from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 6219 | 7589882 | No data exist regarding bcl-2 expression in autoimmune diseases, such as human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6220 | 7589882 | We investigated bcl-2 protein expression by testing T lymphocytes from 15 newly-diagnosed (< 3 weeks) IDDM patients in comparison to 10 age-matched control subjects. |
| 6221 | 7589882 | When the percentage and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of bcl-2+/CD3+ cells from normal individuals and patients were compared, we found that bcl-2 expression within the CD3+ and CD4+ CD45R0+ T-cell populations was reduced significantly in IDDM patients (46.8 +/- 15.4 vs 79.6 +/- 11.7; 25.7 +/- 3.8 vs 47.15 +/- 5.7, respectively; p < 0.001). |
| 6222 | 7589882 | Our study suggests that recent onset IDDM is characterised by reduced bcl-2 expression, which in turn may be associated with the increased spontaneous apoptosis we observed. |
| 6223 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6224 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6225 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6226 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6227 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6228 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6229 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6230 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6231 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6232 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6233 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6234 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6235 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6236 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6237 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6238 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6239 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6240 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6241 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6242 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6243 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6244 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6245 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6246 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6247 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6248 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6249 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6250 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6251 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6252 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6253 | 7589884 | HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes in IDDM families: no evidence for an additional contribution to disease risk by the TAP2 locus. |
| 6254 | 7589884 | The TAP2 gene, located in the HLA class II region, encodes a subunit of a transporter involved in the endogenous antigen-processing pathway, and has been suggested to contribute to the genetic risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 6255 | 7589884 | In order to determine whether the TAP2 locus modulates the risk conferred by HLA DQ loci, HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2 haplotypes were analysed in 48 IDDM probands, their first degree relatives, and in 62 normal control subjects. |
| 6256 | 7589884 | Analysis of 73 informative meiotic events in IDDM and control families demonstrated a recombination fraction between HLA DQB1 and TAP2 loci of 0.041 (Log of the odds score = 16.5; p < 10(-8)) indicating strong linkage between these loci. |
| 6257 | 7589884 | Family haplotype analysis demonstrated linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 and HLA DQA1-DQB1, and showed that the reduced frequency of TAP2B was associated with its absence on the IDDM susceptible DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 haplotype, its low frequency on DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, and the association of TAP2B with DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501 haplotypes which were less frequent in IDDM patients. |
| 6258 | 7589884 | Comparison of transmitted with non-transmitted haplotypes in IDDM families showed a slight but not significant decrease in TAP2B allele frequency on transmitted (3 of 37) vs non-transmitted (2 of 9) HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotypes. |
| 6259 | 7589885 | The risk of developing diabetes is higher in offspring of fathers than of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6260 | 7590418 | The factors determining the outcome of human fetal islet transplantation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) remain unclarified. |
| 6261 | 7590418 | After transplantation we evaluated simultaneously the level of metabolic control through HbA1c values determined by chromatography, the capacity of insulin secretion through the C-peptide levels (determined by radioimmunoassay) before and 6 minutes after 1 mg glucagon i.v. stimulation, and the ratio between CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes determined by immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies. |
| 6262 | 7590418 | However, the loss of islet function was preceded by the increase in CD4+/CD8+ ratio, thus reflecting the presumable accumulation of CD4+ inducer T-lymphocytes. |
| 6263 | 7590418 | When the islet secretion capacity was destroyed, we found a decrease in CD4+/CD8+ ratio, reflecting the recruitment of CD8+ effector cells. |
| 6264 | 7591703 | Exaggerated growth hormone (GH) responses to various provocative stimuli have been reported previously in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6265 | 7591703 | We investigated GH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels after GnRH administration in seven IDDM and eight non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. |
| 6266 | 7591703 | These results suggest that poorly controlled IDDM and NIDDM does not lead to inappropriate GH responses to GnRH. |
| 6267 | 7591703 | Exaggerated growth hormone (GH) responses to various provocative stimuli have been reported previously in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6268 | 7591703 | We investigated GH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels after GnRH administration in seven IDDM and eight non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. |
| 6269 | 7591703 | These results suggest that poorly controlled IDDM and NIDDM does not lead to inappropriate GH responses to GnRH. |
| 6270 | 7591703 | Exaggerated growth hormone (GH) responses to various provocative stimuli have been reported previously in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6271 | 7591703 | We investigated GH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels after GnRH administration in seven IDDM and eight non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. |
| 6272 | 7591703 | These results suggest that poorly controlled IDDM and NIDDM does not lead to inappropriate GH responses to GnRH. |
| 6273 | 7593389 | Direct evidence comes from study of intensive insulin therapy in IDDM. |
| 6274 | 7593444 | To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of sodium metavanadate as an oral hypoglycemic agent, five insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were studied before and after 2 weeks of oral sodium metavanadate (NaVO3; 125 mg/day). |
| 6275 | 7593444 | Glucose metabolism measured during a two-step euglycemic insulin clamp was not significantly increased by vanadate therapy in patients with IDDM, but was improved by 29% during the low dose (0.5 mU/kg.min) insulin infusion and 39% during the high dose (1.0 mU/kg.min) in patients with NIDDM. |
| 6276 | 7593444 | There was a significant decrease in insulin requirements in the patients with IDDM (39.1 +/- 6.6 to 33.8 +/- 4.7 U/day; P < 0.05). |
| 6277 | 7593444 | After NaVO3 therapy, there was a 1.7- to 3.9-fold increase in basal mitogen-activated protein and S6 kinase activities in mononuclear cells from patients with IDDM and NIDDM that mimicked the effect of insulin stimulation in controls. |
| 6278 | 7593444 | To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of sodium metavanadate as an oral hypoglycemic agent, five insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were studied before and after 2 weeks of oral sodium metavanadate (NaVO3; 125 mg/day). |
| 6279 | 7593444 | Glucose metabolism measured during a two-step euglycemic insulin clamp was not significantly increased by vanadate therapy in patients with IDDM, but was improved by 29% during the low dose (0.5 mU/kg.min) insulin infusion and 39% during the high dose (1.0 mU/kg.min) in patients with NIDDM. |
| 6280 | 7593444 | There was a significant decrease in insulin requirements in the patients with IDDM (39.1 +/- 6.6 to 33.8 +/- 4.7 U/day; P < 0.05). |
| 6281 | 7593444 | After NaVO3 therapy, there was a 1.7- to 3.9-fold increase in basal mitogen-activated protein and S6 kinase activities in mononuclear cells from patients with IDDM and NIDDM that mimicked the effect of insulin stimulation in controls. |
| 6282 | 7593444 | To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of sodium metavanadate as an oral hypoglycemic agent, five insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were studied before and after 2 weeks of oral sodium metavanadate (NaVO3; 125 mg/day). |
| 6283 | 7593444 | Glucose metabolism measured during a two-step euglycemic insulin clamp was not significantly increased by vanadate therapy in patients with IDDM, but was improved by 29% during the low dose (0.5 mU/kg.min) insulin infusion and 39% during the high dose (1.0 mU/kg.min) in patients with NIDDM. |
| 6284 | 7593444 | There was a significant decrease in insulin requirements in the patients with IDDM (39.1 +/- 6.6 to 33.8 +/- 4.7 U/day; P < 0.05). |
| 6285 | 7593444 | After NaVO3 therapy, there was a 1.7- to 3.9-fold increase in basal mitogen-activated protein and S6 kinase activities in mononuclear cells from patients with IDDM and NIDDM that mimicked the effect of insulin stimulation in controls. |
| 6286 | 7593444 | To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of sodium metavanadate as an oral hypoglycemic agent, five insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were studied before and after 2 weeks of oral sodium metavanadate (NaVO3; 125 mg/day). |
| 6287 | 7593444 | Glucose metabolism measured during a two-step euglycemic insulin clamp was not significantly increased by vanadate therapy in patients with IDDM, but was improved by 29% during the low dose (0.5 mU/kg.min) insulin infusion and 39% during the high dose (1.0 mU/kg.min) in patients with NIDDM. |
| 6288 | 7593444 | There was a significant decrease in insulin requirements in the patients with IDDM (39.1 +/- 6.6 to 33.8 +/- 4.7 U/day; P < 0.05). |
| 6289 | 7593444 | After NaVO3 therapy, there was a 1.7- to 3.9-fold increase in basal mitogen-activated protein and S6 kinase activities in mononuclear cells from patients with IDDM and NIDDM that mimicked the effect of insulin stimulation in controls. |
| 6290 | 7594559 | Identification of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA2 (islet cell antigen 512) as the insulin-dependent diabetes-related 37/40K autoantigen and a target of islet-cell antibodies. |
| 6291 | 7594559 | The majority of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) have Abs to 40- and/or 37-kDa tryptic fragments (37/40K-Abs) deriving from an unidentified islet cell membrane protein distinct from glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 6292 | 7594559 | Recently, autoantibodies against ICA512, which has identity with the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2, were reported. |
| 6293 | 7594559 | Combined detection of Abs to IA2 and GAD65 in a single radio-binding assay identified Abs in 88 of 100 IDDM patients, and potentially facilitates population screening for IDDM risk assessment. |
| 6294 | 7594559 | Identification of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA2 (islet cell antigen 512) as the insulin-dependent diabetes-related 37/40K autoantigen and a target of islet-cell antibodies. |
| 6295 | 7594559 | The majority of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) have Abs to 40- and/or 37-kDa tryptic fragments (37/40K-Abs) deriving from an unidentified islet cell membrane protein distinct from glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 6296 | 7594559 | Recently, autoantibodies against ICA512, which has identity with the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2, were reported. |
| 6297 | 7594559 | Combined detection of Abs to IA2 and GAD65 in a single radio-binding assay identified Abs in 88 of 100 IDDM patients, and potentially facilitates population screening for IDDM risk assessment. |
| 6298 | 7594655 | Serum was collected from 128 patients < or = 18 years of age admitted to the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh with new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and from 120 control-patients who were frequency-matched to case-patients for age, sex, and date of bleed. |
| 6299 | 7598463 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated that intensive treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can substantially reduce the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. |
| 6300 | 7598790 | Theoretical studies in the development of models to determine the modes of inheritance of the HLA-associated diseases have led to a better understanding of the inheritance patterns in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, hemochromatosis, celiac disease, and others. |
| 6301 | 7599349 | Patients suffering from the severe complications associated with both insulin- (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM): nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and atherosclerosis are still largely left without a prospect of an efficient treatment. |
| 6302 | 7599349 | Improved glycemic control as a result of intensive insulin treatment has the potential to reduce the incidence and progression of complications, but implementation and monitoring of improved glycemic control in all groups of IDDM and NIDDM patients in different communities will be difficult and expensive. |
| 6303 | 7599349 | Patients suffering from the severe complications associated with both insulin- (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM): nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and atherosclerosis are still largely left without a prospect of an efficient treatment. |
| 6304 | 7599349 | Improved glycemic control as a result of intensive insulin treatment has the potential to reduce the incidence and progression of complications, but implementation and monitoring of improved glycemic control in all groups of IDDM and NIDDM patients in different communities will be difficult and expensive. |
| 6305 | 7603514 | In accord with this finding, this mutation was found to be highly prevalent in a subset of diabetes mellitus called slowly progressive IDDM; the mutation was identified in 3 of 27 Japanese patients enrolled in the prospective study of islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive, initially non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, who are very likely to become insulin dependent in several years. |
| 6306 | 7604488 | The histologic and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that the pancreatic lesions in these animals were similar to those caused by acute insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in human beings. |
| 6307 | 7606872 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM or type I diabetes), resulting from T-lymphocyte-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 6308 | 7607334 | Both non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show a wide variation in incidence and prevalence in different populations. |
| 6309 | 7607336 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. |
| 6310 | 7607336 | The majority of the genetic component can be explained by associations between IDDM and genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 6311 | 7607336 | Current evidence, however, indicates that the MHC susceptibility to IDDM is determined by a combination of HLA class I, II and III genes contained on HLA haplotypes. |
| 6312 | 7607336 | To date, the most consistent association is between IDDM and markers of the insulin gene locus. |
| 6313 | 7607336 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. |
| 6314 | 7607336 | The majority of the genetic component can be explained by associations between IDDM and genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 6315 | 7607336 | Current evidence, however, indicates that the MHC susceptibility to IDDM is determined by a combination of HLA class I, II and III genes contained on HLA haplotypes. |
| 6316 | 7607336 | To date, the most consistent association is between IDDM and markers of the insulin gene locus. |
| 6317 | 7607336 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. |
| 6318 | 7607336 | The majority of the genetic component can be explained by associations between IDDM and genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 6319 | 7607336 | Current evidence, however, indicates that the MHC susceptibility to IDDM is determined by a combination of HLA class I, II and III genes contained on HLA haplotypes. |
| 6320 | 7607336 | To date, the most consistent association is between IDDM and markers of the insulin gene locus. |
| 6321 | 7607336 | Insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease with a strong genetic component. |
| 6322 | 7607336 | The majority of the genetic component can be explained by associations between IDDM and genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 6323 | 7607336 | Current evidence, however, indicates that the MHC susceptibility to IDDM is determined by a combination of HLA class I, II and III genes contained on HLA haplotypes. |
| 6324 | 7607336 | To date, the most consistent association is between IDDM and markers of the insulin gene locus. |
| 6325 | 7608264 | Susceptibility and resistance alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and HLA DQB1 are shared in endocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 6326 | 7608264 | HLA DQA1*0501 was significantly more frequent in IDDM (60%), GD (65%), and AD (70%) than in controls (43%); DQA1*0301 was significantly more frequent only in IDDM (67% vs. 30% controls). |
| 6327 | 7608264 | HLA DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0302 were more frequent in IDDM patients (*0201, 62% vs. 36% in controls, *0302, 59% vs. 19% controls), whereas DQB1*0602 was less frequent in IDDM (4%) and GD (18% vs. 31% of controls). |
| 6328 | 7608264 | Susceptibility and resistance alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1 and HLA DQB1 are shared in endocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 6329 | 7608264 | HLA DQA1*0501 was significantly more frequent in IDDM (60%), GD (65%), and AD (70%) than in controls (43%); DQA1*0301 was significantly more frequent only in IDDM (67% vs. 30% controls). |
| 6330 | 7608264 | HLA DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0302 were more frequent in IDDM patients (*0201, 62% vs. 36% in controls, *0302, 59% vs. 19% controls), whereas DQB1*0602 was less frequent in IDDM (4%) and GD (18% vs. 31% of controls). |
| 6331 | 7608825 | We measured levels of plasma and milk alpha-tocopherol in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), women without IDDM, and healthy reference women. |
| 6332 | 7612914 | Hypertension was found in 5% of insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 29.2% of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients at presentation with diabetes. |
| 6333 | 7613502 | It was found that in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the duration of the disease is an important determinant of albuminuria, a significant increase in its values being observed after 10 yrs of diabetes evolution. |
| 6334 | 7616845 | Relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: beta-cell function, islet cell antibody, and haptoglobin in parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6335 | 7616845 | To examine the relationship between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied beta-cell function, HLA type, and serologic markers of IDDM and NIDDM in the parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6336 | 7616845 | Fifty-two parents of 33 IDDM patients were examined in terms of islet-cell antibody (ICA) status, haptoglobin phenotype, HLA type, and insulin responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). |
| 6337 | 7616845 | Relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: beta-cell function, islet cell antibody, and haptoglobin in parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6338 | 7616845 | To examine the relationship between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied beta-cell function, HLA type, and serologic markers of IDDM and NIDDM in the parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6339 | 7616845 | Fifty-two parents of 33 IDDM patients were examined in terms of islet-cell antibody (ICA) status, haptoglobin phenotype, HLA type, and insulin responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). |
| 6340 | 7616845 | Relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: beta-cell function, islet cell antibody, and haptoglobin in parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6341 | 7616845 | To examine the relationship between non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied beta-cell function, HLA type, and serologic markers of IDDM and NIDDM in the parents of IDDM patients. |
| 6342 | 7616845 | Fifty-two parents of 33 IDDM patients were examined in terms of islet-cell antibody (ICA) status, haptoglobin phenotype, HLA type, and insulin responses during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). |
| 6343 | 7620670 | This paper describes one part of a first-stage study concerned with the care received by a group of adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in one district health authority. |
| 6344 | 7621582 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) similar to that in humans. |
| 6345 | 7621582 | In particular autoantibodies to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are a common feature of IDDM development in humans. |
| 6346 | 7621582 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) similar to that in humans. |
| 6347 | 7621582 | In particular autoantibodies to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are a common feature of IDDM development in humans. |
| 6348 | 7621973 | The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and Lp(a) has attracted attention as a potential risk factor in diabetic patients. |
| 6349 | 7621973 | Lp(a) levels are "probably" elevated in IDDM patients and related to altered metabolic control and increased urinary albumin excretion rate or renal insufficiency, although results are controversial. |
| 6350 | 7621973 | The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and Lp(a) has attracted attention as a potential risk factor in diabetic patients. |
| 6351 | 7621973 | Lp(a) levels are "probably" elevated in IDDM patients and related to altered metabolic control and increased urinary albumin excretion rate or renal insufficiency, although results are controversial. |
| 6352 | 7621990 | Intrathymic transplantation of islet antigen affects CD8+ diabetogenic T-cells resulting in tolerance to autoimmune IDDM. |
| 6353 | 7621990 | Normally, islet antigens that are involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not present in the thymus, but we have previously shown that transplantation of islets expressing relevant antigens into the thymus at the time of T-cell maturation results in prevention of IDDM in the multidose streptozotocin model of diabetes mellitus (MDSDM). |
| 6354 | 7621990 | Although both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease, the cells affected by intrathymic transplantation of islets are unknown. |
| 6355 | 7621990 | Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated syngeneic islets were transplanted into the thymuses of C57BL/KsJ mice, and CD4+, CD8+, or both subsets of cells were transiently depleted with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). |
| 6356 | 7621990 | Intrathymic transplantation of islet antigen affects CD8+ diabetogenic T-cells resulting in tolerance to autoimmune IDDM. |
| 6357 | 7621990 | Normally, islet antigens that are involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not present in the thymus, but we have previously shown that transplantation of islets expressing relevant antigens into the thymus at the time of T-cell maturation results in prevention of IDDM in the multidose streptozotocin model of diabetes mellitus (MDSDM). |
| 6358 | 7621990 | Although both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of this disease, the cells affected by intrathymic transplantation of islets are unknown. |
| 6359 | 7621990 | Streptozotocin (STZ)-treated syngeneic islets were transplanted into the thymuses of C57BL/KsJ mice, and CD4+, CD8+, or both subsets of cells were transiently depleted with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). |
| 6360 | 7622004 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated that a regimen of intensive therapy aimed at maintaining near-normal blood glucose values markedly reduces the risks of development or progression of retinopathy and other complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) when compared with a conventional treatment regimen. |
| 6361 | 7622003 | We have induced autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in athymic WAG rats by transfusing thymocytes from histocompatible phenotypically normal rats of the DR-BB strain. |
| 6362 | 7622632 | Uncontrolled studies have suggested a beneficial effect of periodontal treatment on metabolic control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6363 | 7624445 | HLA DQA1 genotypes and its interaction with HLA DQB1 in Chinese IDDM living in Taiwan. |
| 6364 | 7624445 | To study the role of the HLA DQA1 gene and its interaction with DQB1 in the susceptibility of IDDM, subjects with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic unrelated controls were recruited from a Chinese population living in northern Taiwan. |
| 6365 | 7624445 | HLA DQA1 genotypes and its interaction with HLA DQB1 in Chinese IDDM living in Taiwan. |
| 6366 | 7624445 | To study the role of the HLA DQA1 gene and its interaction with DQB1 in the susceptibility of IDDM, subjects with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic unrelated controls were recruited from a Chinese population living in northern Taiwan. |
| 6367 | 7624737 | The object of the study was to test whether high dose ascorbic acid (AA) could normalize glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 6368 | 7627276 | To evaluate the PF concentration as a possible marker for early diabetic nephropathy, three groups of sex-and age-matched patients were studied I) 22 insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria (mean age +/- SEM: 23.3 +/- 3.6 years, mean urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) +/- SEM: 47.1 +/- 39.5 micrograms/min); II) 17 IDDM patients with normoalbuminuria (mean age: 23.4 +/- 4.4 years, mean AER: 7.8 +/- 2.1 micrograms/min) and III) 20 healthy control subjects (mean age: 22.6 +/- 4.1 years, mean AER: 6.7 +/- 2.1 micrograms/min). |
| 6369 | 7628832 | A single causative mechanism for development of hypoglycemia unawareness in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not yet apparent. |
| 6370 | 7633396 | Regulation of insulin gene expression by the IDDM associated, insulin locus haplotype. |
| 6371 | 7633396 | A 4.1 kb genomic region, spanning the insulin (INS) gene, confers genetic susceptibility to Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6372 | 7633396 | Regulation of insulin gene expression by the IDDM associated, insulin locus haplotype. |
| 6373 | 7633396 | A 4.1 kb genomic region, spanning the insulin (INS) gene, confers genetic susceptibility to Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6374 | 7636056 | The prevalence of atopy was studied in 61 children with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 72 age- and sex-matched control subjects. |
| 6375 | 7637657 | Elevated plasma ceruloplasmin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: evidence for increased oxidative stress as a variable complication. |
| 6376 | 7637657 | However, the situation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) per se remains unclear. |
| 6377 | 7638766 | The overall objective with the present investigations was to study the influence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on periodontal conditions and to identify factors that may be predictors for severe periodontal disease in individuals with IDDM. |
| 6378 | 7643542 | Initiation of antihypertensive treatment (AHT) in hypertensive insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) induces a faster initial (0 to 6 months) and a slower subsequent (6 months to end of observation) decline in GFR [delta GFR (ml/min/month) approximately 1.5 vs. 0.35]. |
| 6379 | 7643542 | To elucidate these mechanisms we investigated 42 hypertensive IDDM patients (16F/26M, age 40 +/- 7 years, mean +/- SD) with DN receiving AHT (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, N = 30) for 6 (2 to 15) years [median (range)]. |
| 6380 | 7643542 | Initiation of antihypertensive treatment (AHT) in hypertensive insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) induces a faster initial (0 to 6 months) and a slower subsequent (6 months to end of observation) decline in GFR [delta GFR (ml/min/month) approximately 1.5 vs. 0.35]. |
| 6381 | 7643542 | To elucidate these mechanisms we investigated 42 hypertensive IDDM patients (16F/26M, age 40 +/- 7 years, mean +/- SD) with DN receiving AHT (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, N = 30) for 6 (2 to 15) years [median (range)]. |
| 6382 | 7647584 | Markers of cell-mediated immune activation were studied in 32 Chinese patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as compared with 12 patients with recent-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 34 normal subjects. |
| 6383 | 7647584 | Sera were assessed for soluble markers of T-cell activation (sCD4, sCD8, sIL-2R); the cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6), and T-cell subsets were also determined. |
| 6384 | 7647584 | Three IDDM patients had detectable IL-1 beta and this weakly so (< 3.5 pg/ml). |
| 6385 | 7647584 | However, the other cytokine data and the frequency of activated T-cells, CD4+, CD8+ T-cell subsets and CD4:CD8 ratio showed no significant differences among the IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects. |
| 6386 | 7647584 | Markers of cell-mediated immune activation were studied in 32 Chinese patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as compared with 12 patients with recent-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 34 normal subjects. |
| 6387 | 7647584 | Sera were assessed for soluble markers of T-cell activation (sCD4, sCD8, sIL-2R); the cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6), and T-cell subsets were also determined. |
| 6388 | 7647584 | Three IDDM patients had detectable IL-1 beta and this weakly so (< 3.5 pg/ml). |
| 6389 | 7647584 | However, the other cytokine data and the frequency of activated T-cells, CD4+, CD8+ T-cell subsets and CD4:CD8 ratio showed no significant differences among the IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects. |
| 6390 | 7647584 | Markers of cell-mediated immune activation were studied in 32 Chinese patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as compared with 12 patients with recent-onset non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 34 normal subjects. |
| 6391 | 7647584 | Sera were assessed for soluble markers of T-cell activation (sCD4, sCD8, sIL-2R); the cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-6), and T-cell subsets were also determined. |
| 6392 | 7647584 | Three IDDM patients had detectable IL-1 beta and this weakly so (< 3.5 pg/ml). |
| 6393 | 7647584 | However, the other cytokine data and the frequency of activated T-cells, CD4+, CD8+ T-cell subsets and CD4:CD8 ratio showed no significant differences among the IDDM, NIDDM and normal subjects. |
| 6394 | 7648777 | This technique detected frequencies of ICA positives among newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (IDDM), noninsulin-dependent, and at-risk subjects that were comparable with previous studies. |
| 6395 | 7648831 | Sixty-four insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetic patients (IDDM) in Soweto, South Africa were followed over a 10-year period. |
| 6396 | 7653470 | Differential survival associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated in a cross-country study using four population-based IDDM cohorts from Japan (n = 1,374), Israel (n = 610), Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (n = 995), and Finland (n = 5,144). |
| 6397 | 7653660 | Uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with a suppressed reflex response to sympathetic nervous system (SNS) stimulation and an enhanced pressor response to catecholamines. |
| 6398 | 7656336 | Previously we reported that the administration of human (h) lymphotoxin (h-LT) markedly protected NOD mice from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) partly by affecting the generation phase of anti-islet effector cells, probably in the thymus. |
| 6399 | 7656336 | The low c-Fos expression in the female NOD thymocytes was most prominent in CD3low thymocytes. c-Jun expression of the CD3low thymocytes was also lower in the female NOD mice. |
| 6400 | 7656336 | Administrations of h-LT, h-TNF, and h-IL-2, which has been reported to prevent IDDM in NOD mice by systemic administration, significantly up-regulated c-Fos expression in CD3low thymocytes. |
| 6401 | 7656336 | From these results, it is assumed that a relationship may exist between the high diabetes incidence and the defective c-Fos expression in female NOD mice and between the prevention of IDDM and the amelioration of the defective c-Fos expression with h-LT in female NOD mice. |
| 6402 | 7656336 | Previously we reported that the administration of human (h) lymphotoxin (h-LT) markedly protected NOD mice from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) partly by affecting the generation phase of anti-islet effector cells, probably in the thymus. |
| 6403 | 7656336 | The low c-Fos expression in the female NOD thymocytes was most prominent in CD3low thymocytes. c-Jun expression of the CD3low thymocytes was also lower in the female NOD mice. |
| 6404 | 7656336 | Administrations of h-LT, h-TNF, and h-IL-2, which has been reported to prevent IDDM in NOD mice by systemic administration, significantly up-regulated c-Fos expression in CD3low thymocytes. |
| 6405 | 7656336 | From these results, it is assumed that a relationship may exist between the high diabetes incidence and the defective c-Fos expression in female NOD mice and between the prevention of IDDM and the amelioration of the defective c-Fos expression with h-LT in female NOD mice. |
| 6406 | 7656336 | Previously we reported that the administration of human (h) lymphotoxin (h-LT) markedly protected NOD mice from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) partly by affecting the generation phase of anti-islet effector cells, probably in the thymus. |
| 6407 | 7656336 | The low c-Fos expression in the female NOD thymocytes was most prominent in CD3low thymocytes. c-Jun expression of the CD3low thymocytes was also lower in the female NOD mice. |
| 6408 | 7656336 | Administrations of h-LT, h-TNF, and h-IL-2, which has been reported to prevent IDDM in NOD mice by systemic administration, significantly up-regulated c-Fos expression in CD3low thymocytes. |
| 6409 | 7656336 | From these results, it is assumed that a relationship may exist between the high diabetes incidence and the defective c-Fos expression in female NOD mice and between the prevention of IDDM and the amelioration of the defective c-Fos expression with h-LT in female NOD mice. |
| 6410 | 7656919 | Enhanced cholinergic and dopaminergic controls of anterior pituitary function have been described in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6411 | 7656919 | In order to verify whether similar neurotransmitter alterations also affect the regulation of posterior pituitary hormone secretion, the arginine-vasopressin (AVP) responses to the dopaminergic agonist apomorphine and in a different occasion to physostigmine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, were evaluated in normal (n = 10) and type I diabetics (n = 16). |
| 6412 | 7657023 | Human leukocyte antigen identity and DQ risk alleles in autoantibody-positive siblings of children with IDDM are associated with reduced early insulin response. |
| 6413 | 7657023 | To investigate the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated genetic factors and the development of beta-cell dysfunction, we performed sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) on 81 islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and/or insulin autoantibody-positive healthy siblings of children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6414 | 7657023 | Normal Kg and FPIR levels were observed in siblings who were positive for only insulin autoantibody, and none of them developed IDDM. |
| 6415 | 7657023 | Human leukocyte antigen identity and DQ risk alleles in autoantibody-positive siblings of children with IDDM are associated with reduced early insulin response. |
| 6416 | 7657023 | To investigate the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated genetic factors and the development of beta-cell dysfunction, we performed sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) on 81 islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and/or insulin autoantibody-positive healthy siblings of children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6417 | 7657023 | Normal Kg and FPIR levels were observed in siblings who were positive for only insulin autoantibody, and none of them developed IDDM. |
| 6418 | 7657023 | Human leukocyte antigen identity and DQ risk alleles in autoantibody-positive siblings of children with IDDM are associated with reduced early insulin response. |
| 6419 | 7657023 | To investigate the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-associated genetic factors and the development of beta-cell dysfunction, we performed sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) on 81 islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and/or insulin autoantibody-positive healthy siblings of children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6420 | 7657023 | Normal Kg and FPIR levels were observed in siblings who were positive for only insulin autoantibody, and none of them developed IDDM. |
| 6421 | 7657024 | Islet cell antibodies (ICAs) are predictive markers of the disease in first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6422 | 7657025 | Anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC) was studied in 40 healthy subjects and 67 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using a modified activated thromboplastin time assay. |
| 6423 | 7657025 | Patients with IDDM and a urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) < 30 mg/24 h showed a median APC SR of 2.5 (interquartile range 2.3-2.9). |
| 6424 | 7657025 | Anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC) was studied in 40 healthy subjects and 67 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using a modified activated thromboplastin time assay. |
| 6425 | 7657025 | Patients with IDDM and a urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) < 30 mg/24 h showed a median APC SR of 2.5 (interquartile range 2.3-2.9). |
| 6426 | 7657030 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a metabolic and hormonal disarray that may be more evident during exercise. |
| 6427 | 7657030 | We therefore used stable isotope techniques and indirect calorimetry to quantify substrate kinetics and oxidation during 30 min of exercise at 45 and 75% of maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) in seven men with IDDM (D group) infused with insulin at a constant basal rate. |
| 6428 | 7657030 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a metabolic and hormonal disarray that may be more evident during exercise. |
| 6429 | 7657030 | We therefore used stable isotope techniques and indirect calorimetry to quantify substrate kinetics and oxidation during 30 min of exercise at 45 and 75% of maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) in seven men with IDDM (D group) infused with insulin at a constant basal rate. |
| 6430 | 7660388 | Fifty-seven Thai IDDM patients were studied for HLA class I by LCT and HLA class II by LCT and PCR-RFLP. |
| 6431 | 7660388 | In contrast, DQA1*0101, DRB3*0301, DR5 and DQ1 were significantly decreased with R.R. = 0.2, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 and Pc < 0.01, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.05, respectively. |
| 6432 | 7660388 | However, DR3/DR4 genotype was increased only in female patients with a family history of DM and early onset. |
| 6433 | 7663523 | Linkage and association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility and markers near the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7. |
| 6434 | 7663523 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting beta-cells of the pancreas and subsequent disruption of glucose metabolism. |
| 6435 | 7663523 | Recent genome-wide searches using the affected sib-pair (ASP) approach have provided evidence for novel loci, in addition to HLA (IDDM1) and insulin (IDDM2), which show evidence of linkage to IDDM (P < 0.05). |
| 6436 | 7663523 | This combination of linkage and disease association suggests that glucokinase, or a gene in the vicinity, plays an important part in IDDM susceptibility. |
| 6437 | 7663523 | Linkage and association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility and markers near the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7. |
| 6438 | 7663523 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting beta-cells of the pancreas and subsequent disruption of glucose metabolism. |
| 6439 | 7663523 | Recent genome-wide searches using the affected sib-pair (ASP) approach have provided evidence for novel loci, in addition to HLA (IDDM1) and insulin (IDDM2), which show evidence of linkage to IDDM (P < 0.05). |
| 6440 | 7663523 | This combination of linkage and disease association suggests that glucokinase, or a gene in the vicinity, plays an important part in IDDM susceptibility. |
| 6441 | 7663523 | Linkage and association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility and markers near the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7. |
| 6442 | 7663523 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting beta-cells of the pancreas and subsequent disruption of glucose metabolism. |
| 6443 | 7663523 | Recent genome-wide searches using the affected sib-pair (ASP) approach have provided evidence for novel loci, in addition to HLA (IDDM1) and insulin (IDDM2), which show evidence of linkage to IDDM (P < 0.05). |
| 6444 | 7663523 | This combination of linkage and disease association suggests that glucokinase, or a gene in the vicinity, plays an important part in IDDM susceptibility. |
| 6445 | 7663523 | Linkage and association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility and markers near the glucokinase gene on chromosome 7. |
| 6446 | 7663523 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the insulin secreting beta-cells of the pancreas and subsequent disruption of glucose metabolism. |
| 6447 | 7663523 | Recent genome-wide searches using the affected sib-pair (ASP) approach have provided evidence for novel loci, in addition to HLA (IDDM1) and insulin (IDDM2), which show evidence of linkage to IDDM (P < 0.05). |
| 6448 | 7663523 | This combination of linkage and disease association suggests that glucokinase, or a gene in the vicinity, plays an important part in IDDM susceptibility. |
| 6449 | 7667166 | The most common dyslipidemia in patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is combined elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels, with reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (mixed hyperlipidemia). |
| 6450 | 7667166 | Insulin therapy generally corrects quantitative lipid abnormalities in patients with IDDM, so drug treatment is seldom indicated. |
| 6451 | 7667166 | The most common dyslipidemia in patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is combined elevated triglyceride and cholesterol levels, with reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (mixed hyperlipidemia). |
| 6452 | 7667166 | Insulin therapy generally corrects quantitative lipid abnormalities in patients with IDDM, so drug treatment is seldom indicated. |
| 6453 | 7667242 | CD4 and CD8 T cells and macrophages have been implicated as cellular mediators of beta cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6454 | 7670247 | Normal stimulated growth hormone secretion but low peripheral levels of insulin-like growth factor I in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 6455 | 7670247 | The hypothalamo-pituitary-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis was studied in 24 prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 12 non-diabetic children. |
| 6456 | 7670247 | A positive correlation was found between IGF-I levels and circulating free insulin concentrations in the diabetic subjects (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). |
| 6457 | 7670247 | IGF-I levels were reduced in prepubertal children with IDDM and even more so in subjects with poor metabolic control. |
| 6458 | 7670247 | Normal stimulated growth hormone secretion but low peripheral levels of insulin-like growth factor I in prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 6459 | 7670247 | The hypothalamo-pituitary-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis was studied in 24 prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 12 non-diabetic children. |
| 6460 | 7670247 | A positive correlation was found between IGF-I levels and circulating free insulin concentrations in the diabetic subjects (r = 0.49, p < 0.05). |
| 6461 | 7670247 | IGF-I levels were reduced in prepubertal children with IDDM and even more so in subjects with poor metabolic control. |
| 6462 | 7670569 | Insulin-like growth factor I resistance in peripheral tissue but not in liver in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 6463 | 7670569 | The metabolic effect of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) was investigated by the glucose clamp technique in normal rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, a model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and compared with that of insulin. |
| 6464 | 7670569 | Glucose uptake by peripheral tissues was stimulated by intravenous administration of IGF-I at rates of from 0.369 to 3.690 nmol/kg/min in a dose dependent manner, with a potency of 1/52 that of insulin estimated on the basis of the ED50 molar ratio in normal rats. |
| 6465 | 7670569 | In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, the maximum effects of IGF-I and insulin were reduced to 72% and 70% of those in normal rats, respectively, indicating the presence of both IGF-I and insulin resistance. |
| 6466 | 7670569 | Hepatic glucose output in normal rats was suppressed by IGF-I in a dose dependent manner with a weaker potency of 1/99 that of insulin assessed on the basis of the ED50 values. |
| 6467 | 7670569 | In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, a dose-response curve of the suppressive effect of insulin on hepatic glucose output shifted to the right, indicating the presence of hepatic insulin resistance, but a leftward shifting of the suppressive effect of IGF-I on hepatic glucose output was observed. |
| 6468 | 7670722 | The level of diabetic control and the number of hypoglycaemic episodes in the intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients of the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) are a stimulus for other centres to critically examine their results. |
| 6469 | 7670722 | Better diabetic control was achieved in patients with IDDM, without the need for intensive insulin therapy, than the intensively treated patients of the DCCT with fewer hypoglycaemic events. |
| 6470 | 7670722 | Before intensive insulin therapy for all patients with IDDM is considered, different models of diabetic healthcare delivery and medical treatment philosophies need to be examined. |
| 6471 | 7670722 | The level of diabetic control and the number of hypoglycaemic episodes in the intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients of the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) are a stimulus for other centres to critically examine their results. |
| 6472 | 7670722 | Better diabetic control was achieved in patients with IDDM, without the need for intensive insulin therapy, than the intensively treated patients of the DCCT with fewer hypoglycaemic events. |
| 6473 | 7670722 | Before intensive insulin therapy for all patients with IDDM is considered, different models of diabetic healthcare delivery and medical treatment philosophies need to be examined. |
| 6474 | 7670722 | The level of diabetic control and the number of hypoglycaemic episodes in the intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients of the Diabetes Control and Complication Trial (DCCT) are a stimulus for other centres to critically examine their results. |
| 6475 | 7670722 | Better diabetic control was achieved in patients with IDDM, without the need for intensive insulin therapy, than the intensively treated patients of the DCCT with fewer hypoglycaemic events. |
| 6476 | 7670722 | Before intensive insulin therapy for all patients with IDDM is considered, different models of diabetic healthcare delivery and medical treatment philosophies need to be examined. |
| 6477 | 7672487 | Viral infection is assumed to trigger or exacerbate autoimmune responses against pancreatic beta cells leading to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6478 | 7672487 | A single copy human gene (HLA-DP) was amplified from all IDDM pancreases indicating that DNA amplification was performed without inhibition. |
| 6479 | 7672487 | Viral infection is assumed to trigger or exacerbate autoimmune responses against pancreatic beta cells leading to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6480 | 7672487 | A single copy human gene (HLA-DP) was amplified from all IDDM pancreases indicating that DNA amplification was performed without inhibition. |
| 6481 | 7672493 | To study the possible temporal association between primary cytomegalovirus infection and the appearance of islet cell autoantibodies or the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) cytomegalovirus antibodies were analysed from follow-up sera of 46 initially non-diabetic siblings of diabetic children who either manifested clinical IDDM (22 siblings) or turned islet cell antibody positive (24 siblings) during the prospective observation (mean follow-up time 2.9 years). |
| 6482 | 7672494 | In order to assess the potential role of lipoprotein (a) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus, plasma concentrations were measured in a large group (n = 500) of non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM, n = 355) and insulin-dependent (IDDM, n = 145) patients. |
| 6483 | 7673396 | Whether genetic susceptibility for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the 5' insulin gene polymorphic region (5' INS) interacts with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ-linked disease risk and whether it is associated with autoantibody formation is presently controversial. |
| 6484 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 6485 | 7673396 | In subjects carrying neutral, protective, or infrequent HLA-DQ genotypes, the overall RR for IDDM was significantly lower than 1 (0.2; P < 10(-6)) in the absence of the 5' INS 1/1 genotype but not in its presence (0.8; not significantly different from 1). |
| 6486 | 7673396 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was not preferentially associated with immune markers for IDDM. |
| 6487 | 7673396 | In conclusion, regardless of age at onset and the presence of autoantibodies, 5' INS polymorphisms contribute preferentially to IDDM susceptibility in subjects without the highest HLA-DQ-associated risk. |
| 6488 | 7673396 | Whether genetic susceptibility for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the 5' insulin gene polymorphic region (5' INS) interacts with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ-linked disease risk and whether it is associated with autoantibody formation is presently controversial. |
| 6489 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 6490 | 7673396 | In subjects carrying neutral, protective, or infrequent HLA-DQ genotypes, the overall RR for IDDM was significantly lower than 1 (0.2; P < 10(-6)) in the absence of the 5' INS 1/1 genotype but not in its presence (0.8; not significantly different from 1). |
| 6491 | 7673396 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was not preferentially associated with immune markers for IDDM. |
| 6492 | 7673396 | In conclusion, regardless of age at onset and the presence of autoantibodies, 5' INS polymorphisms contribute preferentially to IDDM susceptibility in subjects without the highest HLA-DQ-associated risk. |
| 6493 | 7673396 | Whether genetic susceptibility for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the 5' insulin gene polymorphic region (5' INS) interacts with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ-linked disease risk and whether it is associated with autoantibody formation is presently controversial. |
| 6494 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 6495 | 7673396 | In subjects carrying neutral, protective, or infrequent HLA-DQ genotypes, the overall RR for IDDM was significantly lower than 1 (0.2; P < 10(-6)) in the absence of the 5' INS 1/1 genotype but not in its presence (0.8; not significantly different from 1). |
| 6496 | 7673396 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was not preferentially associated with immune markers for IDDM. |
| 6497 | 7673396 | In conclusion, regardless of age at onset and the presence of autoantibodies, 5' INS polymorphisms contribute preferentially to IDDM susceptibility in subjects without the highest HLA-DQ-associated risk. |
| 6498 | 7673396 | Whether genetic susceptibility for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the 5' insulin gene polymorphic region (5' INS) interacts with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ-linked disease risk and whether it is associated with autoantibody formation is presently controversial. |
| 6499 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 6500 | 7673396 | In subjects carrying neutral, protective, or infrequent HLA-DQ genotypes, the overall RR for IDDM was significantly lower than 1 (0.2; P < 10(-6)) in the absence of the 5' INS 1/1 genotype but not in its presence (0.8; not significantly different from 1). |
| 6501 | 7673396 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was not preferentially associated with immune markers for IDDM. |
| 6502 | 7673396 | In conclusion, regardless of age at onset and the presence of autoantibodies, 5' INS polymorphisms contribute preferentially to IDDM susceptibility in subjects without the highest HLA-DQ-associated risk. |
| 6503 | 7673396 | Whether genetic susceptibility for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the 5' insulin gene polymorphic region (5' INS) interacts with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ-linked disease risk and whether it is associated with autoantibody formation is presently controversial. |
| 6504 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 6505 | 7673396 | In subjects carrying neutral, protective, or infrequent HLA-DQ genotypes, the overall RR for IDDM was significantly lower than 1 (0.2; P < 10(-6)) in the absence of the 5' INS 1/1 genotype but not in its presence (0.8; not significantly different from 1). |
| 6506 | 7673396 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was not preferentially associated with immune markers for IDDM. |
| 6507 | 7673396 | In conclusion, regardless of age at onset and the presence of autoantibodies, 5' INS polymorphisms contribute preferentially to IDDM susceptibility in subjects without the highest HLA-DQ-associated risk. |
| 6508 | 7680313 | The recombinant GAD64 fragments were analysed by Western blotting using sera from patients with early onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6509 | 7682643 | Quantitative analysis was performed using computerized morphometry on the relationships between residual beta cells, pancreatic exocrine glands, and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in 14 pancreata of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 6510 | 7682643 | Both pancreatic exocrine glands and beta cells were markedly reduced in weight in IDDM patients compared with non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients or nondiabetic controls. beta cells were preserved in six cases and were completely abolished in eight cases. |
| 6511 | 7682643 | Quantitative analysis was performed using computerized morphometry on the relationships between residual beta cells, pancreatic exocrine glands, and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in 14 pancreata of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 6512 | 7682643 | Both pancreatic exocrine glands and beta cells were markedly reduced in weight in IDDM patients compared with non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients or nondiabetic controls. beta cells were preserved in six cases and were completely abolished in eight cases. |
| 6513 | 7683512 | Decreased IGFBP-2 levels were present in untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in acromegaly and during dexamethasone suppression test. |
| 6514 | 7683512 | GH deficiency, fasting, IGF-I administration to patients with GH receptor deficiency, hepatic failure and insulinomas caused a moderate increase of serum IGFBP-2. |
| 6515 | 7683512 | The fact that all possible relationships between insulin secretion and IGFBP-2 levels could be identified suggests that insulin is not a major regulator. |
| 6516 | 7683512 | In general, there was an inverse relationship with serum IGFBP-3 (except IDDM) and IGFBP-2 levels were high in situations where free IGF-II should be expected to be high. |
| 6517 | 7683512 | The tentative conclusion would therefore be that free IGF-II is a major regulator of circulating IGFBP-2. |
| 6518 | 7683512 | Decreased IGFBP-2 levels were present in untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in acromegaly and during dexamethasone suppression test. |
| 6519 | 7683512 | GH deficiency, fasting, IGF-I administration to patients with GH receptor deficiency, hepatic failure and insulinomas caused a moderate increase of serum IGFBP-2. |
| 6520 | 7683512 | The fact that all possible relationships between insulin secretion and IGFBP-2 levels could be identified suggests that insulin is not a major regulator. |
| 6521 | 7683512 | In general, there was an inverse relationship with serum IGFBP-3 (except IDDM) and IGFBP-2 levels were high in situations where free IGF-II should be expected to be high. |
| 6522 | 7683512 | The tentative conclusion would therefore be that free IGF-II is a major regulator of circulating IGFBP-2. |
| 6523 | 7683739 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 response to insulin during suppression of endogenous insulin secretion. |
| 6524 | 7683739 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) is one of several related proteins that bind and modulate the actions of IGFs. |
| 6525 | 7683739 | The liver is the primary source of IGFBP-1, and insulin is a major regulator of hepatic IGFBP-1 production. |
| 6526 | 7683739 | In normal subjects, a continuous high-dose insulin infusion caused a rapid decrease in plasma IGFBP-1 concentrations, with a rate of 0.24 +/- 0.04 microgram/L.min-1 and a t1/2 of 89 +/- 4 minutes. |
| 6527 | 7683739 | Conversely, a 3-hour somatostatin (SRIF) infusion caused a 4.5-fold increase in plasma IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 6528 | 7683739 | SRIF plus low-dose insulin infusion (to inhibit break-through insulin secretion) resulted in a plateau in IGFBP-1 concentrations at 5 to 8 hours, with a t1/2 to achieve steady state of 60 to 75 minutes. |
| 6529 | 7683739 | Under similar conditions, a stepped increase in plasma glucose level from 5 to 9 mmol/L had no effect on the rate of IGFBP-1 increase in plasma, indicating that an acute increase in glucose concentration within a physiologic range has no independent inhibitory effect on IGFBP-1 production in the presence of a nonsuppressive insulin level. |
| 6530 | 7683739 | Using SRIF plus sequential graded insulin infusions, the threshold peripheral (= portal) plasma insulin concentration for IGFBP-1 suppression was between 65 and 172 pmol/L. |
| 6531 | 7683739 | Subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) showed a similar dose-response pattern, suggesting that insulin regulation of IGFBP-1 may be normal in IDDM. |
| 6532 | 7684344 | Aberrant distribution of CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets in recent-onset IDDM patients. |
| 6533 | 7684344 | The monoclonal antibodies 2H4 and 4B4 are specifically directed against CD45RA and CD29 antigens, respectively, which are expressed on both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. |
| 6534 | 7684344 | CD45RA and CD29 are expressed on distinct subsets of CD4+ T-cells, whereas in both healthy subjects and IDDM patients, 2H4 and 4B4 labeling does not always differentiate two distinct CD8+ populations. |
| 6535 | 7684344 | Before cyclosporin treatment, recent-onset IDDM patients had a significantly lower proportion of CD4+CD29+ cells than the healthy control subjects (42 +/- 11 vs. 52 +/- 9%, P < 0.004). |
| 6536 | 7684344 | This imbalance corresponded to a significant increase in the CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD29+ ratio in the IDDM patients (1.37 +/- 0.93 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.36, P < 0.014). |
| 6537 | 7684344 | The mean density of the CD45RA antigen (but not that of CD29) on both CD4+ and CD8+ cells was significantly higher in the IDDM patients before treatment than in the healthy control subjects. |
| 6538 | 7684344 | Cyclosporin use was associated with a significant decrease in CD45RA antigen density on both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. |
| 6539 | 7686306 | Type I diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] is an autoimmune disease associated with the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 6540 | 7686306 | Serum from patients with IDDM increased L-type calcium channel activity of insulin-producing cells and of GH3 cells derived from a pituitary tumor. |
| 6541 | 7686306 | Type I diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] is an autoimmune disease associated with the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 6542 | 7686306 | Serum from patients with IDDM increased L-type calcium channel activity of insulin-producing cells and of GH3 cells derived from a pituitary tumor. |
| 6543 | 7688636 | An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for urinary albumin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 6544 | 7688636 | In this report, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of urinary albumin (UA) and examined UA in 38 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6545 | 7694152 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice results from the T-lymphocyte-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells and serves as a model for human IDDM. |
| 6546 | 7695875 | Quite different nutrition-related environmental factors influence the development of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and type 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 6547 | 7695875 | IDDM is characterized by progressive beta-cell destruction which leads to complete insulin deficiency; at the time of diagnosis 80-90% of beta cells have been destroyed. |
| 6548 | 7695875 | Quite different nutrition-related environmental factors influence the development of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and type 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 6549 | 7695875 | IDDM is characterized by progressive beta-cell destruction which leads to complete insulin deficiency; at the time of diagnosis 80-90% of beta cells have been destroyed. |
| 6550 | 7697219 | The mechanisms by which the beta cells of pancreatic islets are destroyed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are poorly understood. |
| 6551 | 7698518 | Athletes with IDDM exhibit impaired metabolic control and increased lipid utilization with no increase in insulin sensitivity. |
| 6552 | 7698518 | Although healthy athletes exhibit enhanced skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, the metabolic effects of vigorous training in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not known. |
| 6553 | 7698518 | This study was designed to examine the effects of competitive sports on fuel homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in athletes with IDDM. |
| 6554 | 7698518 | In each subject, we measured glycemic control, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the whole body and forearm, rates of glucose and lipid oxidation, and muscle glycogen, glycogen synthase, and glucose transport protein (GLUT4) concentrations. |
| 6555 | 7698518 | Athletes with IDDM exhibit impaired metabolic control and increased lipid utilization with no increase in insulin sensitivity. |
| 6556 | 7698518 | Although healthy athletes exhibit enhanced skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, the metabolic effects of vigorous training in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not known. |
| 6557 | 7698518 | This study was designed to examine the effects of competitive sports on fuel homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in athletes with IDDM. |
| 6558 | 7698518 | In each subject, we measured glycemic control, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the whole body and forearm, rates of glucose and lipid oxidation, and muscle glycogen, glycogen synthase, and glucose transport protein (GLUT4) concentrations. |
| 6559 | 7698518 | Athletes with IDDM exhibit impaired metabolic control and increased lipid utilization with no increase in insulin sensitivity. |
| 6560 | 7698518 | Although healthy athletes exhibit enhanced skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity, the metabolic effects of vigorous training in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not known. |
| 6561 | 7698518 | This study was designed to examine the effects of competitive sports on fuel homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in athletes with IDDM. |
| 6562 | 7698518 | In each subject, we measured glycemic control, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in the whole body and forearm, rates of glucose and lipid oxidation, and muscle glycogen, glycogen synthase, and glucose transport protein (GLUT4) concentrations. |
| 6563 | 7712669 | This study examined the pharmacokinetics of theophylline and formation of its metabolites in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in sex-, age-, and weight-matched healthy nonsmokers (n = 8 per group). |
| 6564 | 7712687 | We determined whether the serum lipoprotein levels in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) with nephropathy and in patients on haemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis were affected by beta-blocker therapy. |
| 6565 | 7714089 | The osteoblast function was evaluated in normal and diabetic children and adults by measurements of the serum concentration of the carboxy-terminal extension peptide of procollagen (PICP), total and skeletal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin. |
| 6566 | 7714089 | Moreover, the osteoblast-stimulating growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), was measured in the same samples. |
| 6567 | 7714089 | In normal children (n = 420; age, 5-20 yr), a marked pubertal increase of serum IGF-I (peak values at age 14-16 yr in both sexes), osteocalcin, and total and skeletal ALP (peak values earlier in girls than in boys) and a small increase in PICP were observed. |
| 6568 | 7714089 | In adolescents (n = 104) treated for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), serum IGF-I (-19%), osteocalcin (-28%), and skeletal ALP (-28%) were markedly decreased, whereas total ALP was significantly increased (29%), and serum PICP remained normal. |
| 6569 | 7714089 | In adult IDDM (n = 125), both serum IGF-I (-41%) and osteocalcin (-24%) were decreased, but skeletal ALP and PICP remained normal. |
| 6570 | 7714089 | A similar abnormality in serum IGF-I and osteocalcin was observed in white (n = 61) and Pima Indian (n = 16) non-IDDM patients. |
| 6571 | 7714089 | The osteoblast function was evaluated in normal and diabetic children and adults by measurements of the serum concentration of the carboxy-terminal extension peptide of procollagen (PICP), total and skeletal alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin. |
| 6572 | 7714089 | Moreover, the osteoblast-stimulating growth factor, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), was measured in the same samples. |
| 6573 | 7714089 | In normal children (n = 420; age, 5-20 yr), a marked pubertal increase of serum IGF-I (peak values at age 14-16 yr in both sexes), osteocalcin, and total and skeletal ALP (peak values earlier in girls than in boys) and a small increase in PICP were observed. |
| 6574 | 7714089 | In adolescents (n = 104) treated for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), serum IGF-I (-19%), osteocalcin (-28%), and skeletal ALP (-28%) were markedly decreased, whereas total ALP was significantly increased (29%), and serum PICP remained normal. |
| 6575 | 7714089 | In adult IDDM (n = 125), both serum IGF-I (-41%) and osteocalcin (-24%) were decreased, but skeletal ALP and PICP remained normal. |
| 6576 | 7714089 | A similar abnormality in serum IGF-I and osteocalcin was observed in white (n = 61) and Pima Indian (n = 16) non-IDDM patients. |
| 6577 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6578 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6579 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6580 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6581 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6582 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6583 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6584 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6585 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6586 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6587 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6588 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6589 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6590 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6591 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6592 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6593 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6594 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6595 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6596 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6597 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6598 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6599 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6600 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6601 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6602 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6603 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6604 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6605 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6606 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6607 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6608 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6609 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6610 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6611 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6612 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6613 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6614 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6615 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6616 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6617 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6618 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6619 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6620 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6621 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6622 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6623 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6624 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6625 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6626 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6627 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6628 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6629 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6630 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6631 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6632 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6633 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6634 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6635 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6636 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6637 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6638 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6639 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6640 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6641 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6642 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6643 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6644 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6645 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6646 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6647 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6648 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6649 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6650 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6651 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6652 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6653 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6654 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6655 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6656 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6657 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6658 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6659 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6660 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6661 | 7714099 | Activation of T lymphocyte subsets by synthetic TSH receptor peptides and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase in autoimmune thyroid disease and insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 6662 | 7714099 | In this context, we have measured the proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the synthetic peptides corresponding to the extracellular domain of the TSH receptor (TSHR) and recombinant glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) by means of 3H thymidine incorporation. |
| 6663 | 7714099 | We have also studied the antigenic activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes by measuring human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression on the cell surface by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6664 | 7714099 | PBMC obtained from 47 patients with Graves' disease (GD) [including 19 hyperthyroid GD (hyper GD)], 18 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter (NG), 18 with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and 20 normal controls (N), were cultured for 7 days in the presence or absence of the pool peptides representing 3 different segments of TSHR or GAD65 at final concentration of 30 micrograms/mL or 10 micrograms/mL. |
| 6665 | 7714099 | The proportion of subjects whose PBMC gave a positive proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of over 2.3 (i.e. above the mean +2 SD for N) to TSHR peptides was significantly higher in the hyper GD group than among euthyroid GD (eu GD), HT, IDDM, and N group. |
| 6666 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6667 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 6668 | 7714099 | On the other hand, while the CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and N groups were activated equally by GAD65, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the IDDM group by GAD65 was impaired compared to the GD and N groups. |
| 6669 | 7714099 | In conclusion, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from GD and IDDM by relevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6670 | 7714099 | TSHR peptides for GD and GAD65 for IDDM) was impaired, but not by irrelevant antigens (i.e. |
| 6671 | 7714099 | GAD65 for GD and TSHR peptides for IDDM). |
| 6672 | 7714099 | There was also a modest stimulation of CD8+ T cells from all groups by tetanus toxoid and cardiac myosin light chain peptide, both irrelevant antigens. |
| 6673 | 7714102 | An A-to-G mutation at nucleotide position 3243 of the mitochondrial genome has been associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with deafness. |
| 6674 | 7714458 | Some studies indicate an association between elevated lipoprotein(a) and macrovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), but this link has not been found with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6675 | 7720136 | [Association of polymorphism for HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) with IDDM]. |
| 6676 | 7720136 | We have identified the DNA polymorphism for the HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) in patients with early and late onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by PCR direct sequencing. |
| 6677 | 7720136 | [Association of polymorphism for HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) with IDDM]. |
| 6678 | 7720136 | We have identified the DNA polymorphism for the HLA-DQA1 promotor region (QAP) in patients with early and late onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by PCR direct sequencing. |
| 6679 | 7720322 | To document the incidence of microalbuminuria in children and adolescents with longstanding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to compare the clinical characteristics and determinant risk factors of those with and without microalbuminuria, 135 adolescent patients with IDDM for 5 years or longer were evaluated. |
| 6680 | 7722468 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 6681 | 7722468 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been recently indicated as a key autoantigen in the induction of IDDM in nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 6682 | 7722468 | GAD65 peptides displaying the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 binding motif have been synthesized. |
| 6683 | 7722468 | In three cases (one preclinical IDDM and two recent-onset IDDM), we detected specific killing of autologous antigen-presenting cells when incubated with GAD114-123 peptide or when infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing GAD65. |
| 6684 | 7722468 | Our finding suggests that GAD-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes may play a critical role in the initial events of IDDM. |
| 6685 | 7722468 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 6686 | 7722468 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been recently indicated as a key autoantigen in the induction of IDDM in nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 6687 | 7722468 | GAD65 peptides displaying the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 binding motif have been synthesized. |
| 6688 | 7722468 | In three cases (one preclinical IDDM and two recent-onset IDDM), we detected specific killing of autologous antigen-presenting cells when incubated with GAD114-123 peptide or when infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing GAD65. |
| 6689 | 7722468 | Our finding suggests that GAD-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes may play a critical role in the initial events of IDDM. |
| 6690 | 7722468 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 6691 | 7722468 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been recently indicated as a key autoantigen in the induction of IDDM in nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 6692 | 7722468 | GAD65 peptides displaying the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 binding motif have been synthesized. |
| 6693 | 7722468 | In three cases (one preclinical IDDM and two recent-onset IDDM), we detected specific killing of autologous antigen-presenting cells when incubated with GAD114-123 peptide or when infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing GAD65. |
| 6694 | 7722468 | Our finding suggests that GAD-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes may play a critical role in the initial events of IDDM. |
| 6695 | 7722468 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that results in the destruction of the pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 6696 | 7722468 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been recently indicated as a key autoantigen in the induction of IDDM in nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 6697 | 7722468 | GAD65 peptides displaying the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*0201 binding motif have been synthesized. |
| 6698 | 7722468 | In three cases (one preclinical IDDM and two recent-onset IDDM), we detected specific killing of autologous antigen-presenting cells when incubated with GAD114-123 peptide or when infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing GAD65. |
| 6699 | 7722468 | Our finding suggests that GAD-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes may play a critical role in the initial events of IDDM. |
| 6700 | 7726162 | Among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), an excess of DR3 and DR4 alleles is classically described when compared with the general population. |
| 6701 | 7726796 | Although several other models exist which parallel human AEDs such as autoimmune orchitis, most research in this area has centred on animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and thyroiditis. |
| 6702 | 7729308 | The DCCT has demonstrated that intensive insulin therapy will reduce the incidence and progression of microvascular complications in people with IDDM (22). |
| 6703 | 7729604 | Lack of relationship between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy in IDDM patients. |
| 6704 | 7729604 | We studied the relationship between an insertion(I)/deletion (D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (121 men and 77 women, age 40.9 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 27 +/- 8 years) and in IDDM patients with normoalbuminuria (118 men and 74 women, age 42.7 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 26 +/- 8 years). |
| 6705 | 7729604 | Lack of relationship between an insertion/deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy in IDDM patients. |
| 6706 | 7729604 | We studied the relationship between an insertion(I)/deletion (D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (121 men and 77 women, age 40.9 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 27 +/- 8 years) and in IDDM patients with normoalbuminuria (118 men and 74 women, age 42.7 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 26 +/- 8 years). |
| 6707 | 7729606 | Decreased interstitial apolipoprotein A-I levels in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 6708 | 7729606 | We studied healthy control subjects (n = 9), normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 16), and IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (n = 11) matched for age, body mass index, smoking habits, duration of diabetes, and metabolic control. |
| 6709 | 7729606 | Interstitial apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) levels were significantly lower in patients with nephropathy (0.18 +/- 0.10 milligram [mean +/- SD]) compared with normoalbuminuric diabetic patients (0.29 +/- 0.08 milligram) and healthy control subjects (0.30 +/- 0.09 milligram). |
| 6710 | 7729606 | Decreased interstitial apolipoprotein A-I levels in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 6711 | 7729606 | We studied healthy control subjects (n = 9), normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 16), and IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (n = 11) matched for age, body mass index, smoking habits, duration of diabetes, and metabolic control. |
| 6712 | 7729606 | Interstitial apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) levels were significantly lower in patients with nephropathy (0.18 +/- 0.10 milligram [mean +/- SD]) compared with normoalbuminuric diabetic patients (0.29 +/- 0.08 milligram) and healthy control subjects (0.30 +/- 0.09 milligram). |
| 6713 | 7729608 | To assess whether short-term, antecedent hyperglycemia exerts effects opposite to those observed after acute hypoglycemia, seven normal, nondiabetic subjects and eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were studied during hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (sequential, 90-min plateaus of plasma glucose [PG] of 4.3, 3.7, 3.0, and 2.4 mmol/l). |
| 6714 | 7729608 | However, the rate of glucose infusion required to maintain hypoglycemic plateaus during hypoglycemia was lower after hyperglycemia (nondiabetic subjects 31.2 +/- 3.4 vs. 36.7 +/- 4 mumol.kg-1.min-1, IDDM patients 33 +/- 3.1 vs. 42.5 +/- 3.9 mumol.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.05) indicating greater insulin resistance induced by antecedent hyperglycemia. |
| 6715 | 7729608 | To assess whether short-term, antecedent hyperglycemia exerts effects opposite to those observed after acute hypoglycemia, seven normal, nondiabetic subjects and eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were studied during hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp (sequential, 90-min plateaus of plasma glucose [PG] of 4.3, 3.7, 3.0, and 2.4 mmol/l). |
| 6716 | 7729608 | However, the rate of glucose infusion required to maintain hypoglycemic plateaus during hypoglycemia was lower after hyperglycemia (nondiabetic subjects 31.2 +/- 3.4 vs. 36.7 +/- 4 mumol.kg-1.min-1, IDDM patients 33 +/- 3.1 vs. 42.5 +/- 3.9 mumol.kg-1.min-1; P < 0.05) indicating greater insulin resistance induced by antecedent hyperglycemia. |
| 6717 | 7729610 | The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotype DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 has been identified as a marker strongly predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasian populations. |
| 6718 | 7729610 | In this study we searched for such a factor in the DRB1 locus by studying DRB1*04 polymorphism in 174 European Caucasian IDDM patients and 73 nondiabetic control subjects, all sharing the HLA-DR3/DR4 phenotype. |
| 6719 | 7729610 | The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genotype DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 has been identified as a marker strongly predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Caucasian populations. |
| 6720 | 7729610 | In this study we searched for such a factor in the DRB1 locus by studying DRB1*04 polymorphism in 174 European Caucasian IDDM patients and 73 nondiabetic control subjects, all sharing the HLA-DR3/DR4 phenotype. |
| 6721 | 7729612 | Myocardial and whole-body glucose metabolism was assessed in 19 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 6722 | 7729613 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the following were studied: 1) the prevalence of derangements of cardiac autonomic innervation as detected by mIBG scintigraphy in comparison with cardiovascular reflex tests and 2) the relationship between adrenergic cardiac innervation and left ventricular (LV) function. |
| 6723 | 7729614 | The time required to transfer insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using islet-infiltrating lymphocytes from young prediabetic mice (25 +/- 9 days) was not statistically different from the time required to transfer IDDM using splenocytes from overtly diabetic mice (32 +/- 5 days). |
| 6724 | 7729614 | Cotransfer of splenocyte cells or CD4+, but not CD8+ spleen cells, from 60- to 80-day-old prediabetic female NOD mice together with either splenocytes from diabetic mice or islet-infiltrating lymphocytes from prediabetic NOD mice delayed the rapid transfer of IDDM, suggesting that CD4+ cells mediated immunoregulation. |
| 6725 | 7729614 | The time required to transfer insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using islet-infiltrating lymphocytes from young prediabetic mice (25 +/- 9 days) was not statistically different from the time required to transfer IDDM using splenocytes from overtly diabetic mice (32 +/- 5 days). |
| 6726 | 7729614 | Cotransfer of splenocyte cells or CD4+, but not CD8+ spleen cells, from 60- to 80-day-old prediabetic female NOD mice together with either splenocytes from diabetic mice or islet-infiltrating lymphocytes from prediabetic NOD mice delayed the rapid transfer of IDDM, suggesting that CD4+ cells mediated immunoregulation. |
| 6727 | 7729616 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), microalbuminuria is a predictor of widespread severe microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. |
| 6728 | 7729616 | Endothelial dysfunction, as estimated by plasma vWF concentration, precedes and may predict the development of microalbuminuria in IDDM. |
| 6729 | 7729616 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), microalbuminuria is a predictor of widespread severe microangiopathy and macroangiopathy. |
| 6730 | 7729616 | Endothelial dysfunction, as estimated by plasma vWF concentration, precedes and may predict the development of microalbuminuria in IDDM. |
| 6731 | 7730655 | MHC class II genes have been shown to influence the development of the autoimmune disease insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. |
| 6732 | 7730655 | We show that introduction of a mutated I-Ag7 Ab gene which encodes an aspartate at position 57 reduces the incidence of IDDM but does not prevent insulitis, sialadenitis, or the development of insulin and nuclear autoantibodies. |
| 6733 | 7730655 | MHC class II genes have been shown to influence the development of the autoimmune disease insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse. |
| 6734 | 7730655 | We show that introduction of a mutated I-Ag7 Ab gene which encodes an aspartate at position 57 reduces the incidence of IDDM but does not prevent insulitis, sialadenitis, or the development of insulin and nuclear autoantibodies. |
| 6735 | 7732778 | The proband from the first pedigree had clinically defined MELAS plus maternally transmitted insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6736 | 7733037 | Plasma and platelet taurine concentrations were assayed in 39 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 34 control subjects matched for age, sex, and both total and protein-derived daily energy intake. |
| 6737 | 7733257 | To determine the effects of the normal nocturnal rise in cortisol on carbohydrate and fat metabolism independent of changes in endogenous insulin secretion, we studied the disposition of a mixed meal in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in whom the normal nocturnal rise in cortisol had been either prevented or mimicked by using metyrapone and a constant or variable hydrocortisone infusion. |
| 6738 | 7734039 | Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6739 | 7734039 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies were measured by a new quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells to produce recombinant human islet GAD65 and were compared with islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies against 64,000-Mr islet cell proteins (64K antibodies) and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain. |
| 6740 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were assayed in 32 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 25 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM and 25 healthy volunteers. |
| 6741 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were found in 12 (80.0%) of 15 patients with newly-diagnosed IDDM and in 9 (52.9%) of 17 patients with long-term IDDM. |
| 6742 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain correlated well (r = 0.70, P = 0.0001). |
| 6743 | 7734039 | The concordance between GAD65 antibodies and ICA, 64K antibodies, and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain, including GAD65 and GAD67, were 87.5% (28/32), 75.0% (24/32) and 90.6% (29/32), respectively. |
| 6744 | 7734039 | We observed that a quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting GAD65 antibodies, that the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies was as high as in Caucasians, and that GAD65 was also one of the major autoantigens in Japanese patients with IDDM. |
| 6745 | 7734039 | Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6746 | 7734039 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies were measured by a new quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells to produce recombinant human islet GAD65 and were compared with islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies against 64,000-Mr islet cell proteins (64K antibodies) and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain. |
| 6747 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were assayed in 32 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 25 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM and 25 healthy volunteers. |
| 6748 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were found in 12 (80.0%) of 15 patients with newly-diagnosed IDDM and in 9 (52.9%) of 17 patients with long-term IDDM. |
| 6749 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain correlated well (r = 0.70, P = 0.0001). |
| 6750 | 7734039 | The concordance between GAD65 antibodies and ICA, 64K antibodies, and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain, including GAD65 and GAD67, were 87.5% (28/32), 75.0% (24/32) and 90.6% (29/32), respectively. |
| 6751 | 7734039 | We observed that a quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting GAD65 antibodies, that the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies was as high as in Caucasians, and that GAD65 was also one of the major autoantigens in Japanese patients with IDDM. |
| 6752 | 7734039 | Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6753 | 7734039 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies were measured by a new quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells to produce recombinant human islet GAD65 and were compared with islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies against 64,000-Mr islet cell proteins (64K antibodies) and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain. |
| 6754 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were assayed in 32 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 25 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM and 25 healthy volunteers. |
| 6755 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were found in 12 (80.0%) of 15 patients with newly-diagnosed IDDM and in 9 (52.9%) of 17 patients with long-term IDDM. |
| 6756 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain correlated well (r = 0.70, P = 0.0001). |
| 6757 | 7734039 | The concordance between GAD65 antibodies and ICA, 64K antibodies, and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain, including GAD65 and GAD67, were 87.5% (28/32), 75.0% (24/32) and 90.6% (29/32), respectively. |
| 6758 | 7734039 | We observed that a quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting GAD65 antibodies, that the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies was as high as in Caucasians, and that GAD65 was also one of the major autoantigens in Japanese patients with IDDM. |
| 6759 | 7734039 | Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6760 | 7734039 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies were measured by a new quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay using Chinese hamster ovary cells to produce recombinant human islet GAD65 and were compared with islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies against 64,000-Mr islet cell proteins (64K antibodies) and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain. |
| 6761 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were assayed in 32 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 25 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM and 25 healthy volunteers. |
| 6762 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies were found in 12 (80.0%) of 15 patients with newly-diagnosed IDDM and in 9 (52.9%) of 17 patients with long-term IDDM. |
| 6763 | 7734039 | GAD65 antibodies and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain correlated well (r = 0.70, P = 0.0001). |
| 6764 | 7734039 | The concordance between GAD65 antibodies and ICA, 64K antibodies, and antibodies against GAD purified from pig brain, including GAD65 and GAD67, were 87.5% (28/32), 75.0% (24/32) and 90.6% (29/32), respectively. |
| 6765 | 7734039 | We observed that a quantitative immunoprecipitation followed by immunoblotting assay had high sensitivity and specificity in detecting GAD65 antibodies, that the prevalence of GAD65 antibodies was as high as in Caucasians, and that GAD65 was also one of the major autoantigens in Japanese patients with IDDM. |
| 6766 | 7734097 | In this study we explored serum DLF and digoxin-like immunoreactive factor (DLIF) in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women with normotensive pregnancies or PIH, comparing them to each other and to nondiabetic pregnant women. |
| 6767 | 7734097 | Women with transient hypertension of pregnancy (THP, PIH without proteinuria) had intermediate values (DLF. |
| 6768 | 7734742 | Some workers have argued that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is rare in Africa on account of this reduced proneness to autoimmunity. |
| 6769 | 7734905 | Metabolic control and blood glucose variability in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during and after puberty were studied. |
| 6770 | 7736895 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) and C-peptide in 1031 school children in a population with a high background incidence of IDDM. |
| 6771 | 7736895 | Since after 5 years only one of the children has developed IDDM, it can be concluded autoimmune reactions towards endocrine pancreas and insulin may occur in many children without the development of manifest diabetes. |
| 6772 | 7736895 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA) and C-peptide in 1031 school children in a population with a high background incidence of IDDM. |
| 6773 | 7736895 | Since after 5 years only one of the children has developed IDDM, it can be concluded autoimmune reactions towards endocrine pancreas and insulin may occur in many children without the development of manifest diabetes. |
| 6774 | 7740027 | Blood plasma concentrations of noradrenaline, dopamine, serotonin and their metabolites (DOPAC, HVA, 5HIAA) were measured in 28 patients with insulin-dependent and 32 with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM, respectively). |
| 6775 | 7740026 | Physical development of 710 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied over time. |
| 6776 | 7740043 | The levels of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in the blood serum were measured in 38 subjects with normal and impaired glucose tolerance whose parents suffered from insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM, respectively) and in 12 normal subjects without hereditary aggravation for diabetes mellitus in order to specify the peculiarities of development of diabetes mellitus of various types. |
| 6777 | 7742656 | To clarify the value of autoantibodies as risk factors of complications in various endocrine abnormalities, the incidence of autoantibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen (ATMA), thyroglobulin, and the surface antigens of the rat islet, adrenal cortex, adenohypophyseal cells and human skin fibroblasts was studied in patients with insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM), at the onset of the disease and during one-year insulin therapy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, diabetes associated with thyroidal dysfunction, euthyroid polynodular goiter, Schmidt and polyglandular syndromes and in the population. |
| 6778 | 7743754 | Affected subjects present with progressive insulin deficiency and may fall into the broad classifications of either Type 1 (IDDM) or Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 6779 | 7744214 | Exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in IDDM patients treated with a short-acting insulin analogue. |
| 6780 | 7744214 | In order to examine the effect of short-acting insulin analogue on the exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients we compared the glycaemic response of 40 min cycle ergometer exercise performed either shortly (40 min) or later (180 min) after a breakfast meal and subcutaneous injection of either short-acting insulin analogue [Lys(B28) Pro(B29)] or soluble human insulin (Humulin Regular) in ten IDDM patients with long duration of the disease. |
| 6781 | 7744214 | Exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in IDDM patients treated with a short-acting insulin analogue. |
| 6782 | 7744214 | In order to examine the effect of short-acting insulin analogue on the exercise-induced hypoglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients we compared the glycaemic response of 40 min cycle ergometer exercise performed either shortly (40 min) or later (180 min) after a breakfast meal and subcutaneous injection of either short-acting insulin analogue [Lys(B28) Pro(B29)] or soluble human insulin (Humulin Regular) in ten IDDM patients with long duration of the disease. |
| 6783 | 7744224 | Autoantibodies against this enzyme are observed before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man and may be of predictive value. |
| 6784 | 7744234 | Serum insulin profiles in consecutive children 2 years after the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 6785 | 7744234 | We studied associations of 24-h serum insulin profiles with insulin dose, age, gender, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and C-peptide values, as well as blood glucose profiles in 77 consecutive children-nine aged 2-4, 14 aged 5-8, 26 aged 9-12, and 28 aged 13-17 years--2 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6786 | 7744234 | Serum insulin profiles in consecutive children 2 years after the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 6787 | 7744234 | We studied associations of 24-h serum insulin profiles with insulin dose, age, gender, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and C-peptide values, as well as blood glucose profiles in 77 consecutive children-nine aged 2-4, 14 aged 5-8, 26 aged 9-12, and 28 aged 13-17 years--2 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6788 | 7744348 | Accumulating evidence suggests that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease which can be predicted from immunologic markers. |
| 6789 | 7744348 | Encouraging results of recent IDDM prevention trials with insulin raises the question of cost benefit of such procedures, in addition to the obvious medical benefit. |
| 6790 | 7744348 | Accumulating evidence suggests that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease which can be predicted from immunologic markers. |
| 6791 | 7744348 | Encouraging results of recent IDDM prevention trials with insulin raises the question of cost benefit of such procedures, in addition to the obvious medical benefit. |
| 6792 | 7744614 | Because MHC genes play a critical role in immune function we studied their possible contribution to IDDM heterogeneity by analyzing HLA profiles of 194 IDDM patients in relation to their age at diagnosis. |
| 6793 | 7744614 | An association of DPB1 with IDDM was revealed by an increased frequency overall of DPB1*0301 and/or DPB1*0401, being more pronounced in patients diagnosed at > 20 years of age. |
| 6794 | 7744614 | Because MHC genes play a critical role in immune function we studied their possible contribution to IDDM heterogeneity by analyzing HLA profiles of 194 IDDM patients in relation to their age at diagnosis. |
| 6795 | 7744614 | An association of DPB1 with IDDM was revealed by an increased frequency overall of DPB1*0301 and/or DPB1*0401, being more pronounced in patients diagnosed at > 20 years of age. |
| 6796 | 7752421 | Intensive insulin therapy in patients with IDDM delays the onset and slows the progression of diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. |
| 6797 | 7752910 | Preservation of endogenous insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may prevent the occurrence of diabetes-related complications. |
| 6798 | 7752910 | In conclusion, improvement of insulin sensitivity precedes and is possibly a prerequisite for the recovery of residual insulin in early IDDM. |
| 6799 | 7752910 | Preservation of endogenous insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may prevent the occurrence of diabetes-related complications. |
| 6800 | 7752910 | In conclusion, improvement of insulin sensitivity precedes and is possibly a prerequisite for the recovery of residual insulin in early IDDM. |
| 6801 | 7758881 | To determine if, and the mechanism by which, lack of postprandial suppression of glucagon contributes to hyperglycaemia, nine subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) ingested 50 g of glucose containing both [2-3H] glucose and [6-3H] glucose on two occasions. [6-14C] glucose, insulin and low-dose somatostatin were infused intravenously at the same rates on both occasions. |
| 6802 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6803 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6804 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6805 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6806 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6807 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6808 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6809 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6810 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6811 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6812 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6813 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6814 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6815 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6816 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6817 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6818 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6819 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6820 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6821 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6822 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6823 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6824 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6825 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6826 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6827 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6828 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6829 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6830 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6831 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6832 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6833 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6834 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6835 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6836 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6837 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6838 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6839 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6840 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6841 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6842 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6843 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6844 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6845 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6846 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6847 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6848 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6849 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6850 | 7758883 | Autoantibodies to the islet antigen ICA69 occur in IDDM and in rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 6851 | 7758883 | Islet cell antigen (ICA) 69 is a newly-recognized islet cell antigen to which autoantibodies have been observed in prediabetic relatives of patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6852 | 7758883 | Here we extend the earlier analysis of ICA69 antibodies to patients with recent-onset IDDM and to patients with other immune-mediated diseases. |
| 6853 | 7758883 | Mean logarithmic ICA69 antibody titres were 3.4 (+/- 1.4) in 99 patients with acute IDDM compared to 2.8 (+/- 0.9) in 49 healthy blood donors (p < 0.001). |
| 6854 | 7758883 | A higher mean ICA69 antibody titre of 4.1 (+/- 0.8) was observed in 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in comparison to acute IDDM (p < 0.01) and healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 6855 | 7758883 | The percentage of sera with ICA69 antibody titres above the 2 SD level of normal subjects was 21% in IDDM, 31% in rheumatoid arthritis and 6% in healthy blood donors. |
| 6856 | 7758883 | In IDDM, presence of ICA69 antibodies persisted and the titre remained the same over 18 months of follow-up. |
| 6857 | 7758883 | The relationship of ICA69 antibodies to islet cell antibodies (ICA) or insulin autoantibodies (IAA) was tested. |
| 6858 | 7758886 | These anti-37kDa antibodies were measured by the immunoprecipitation technique in individuals at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), with islet cell antibodies (ICA) greater than 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units (JDFU). |
| 6859 | 7760218 | Investigated the relationship between maternal and child emotional adaptation both across and within samples of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6860 | 7760219 | Used Cavell's (1990) model of childhood social competence to compare the social competence in peer relations of 25 children (ages 8-10 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 19 children with asthma, and 24 physically healthy children. |
| 6861 | 7772701 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD65Ab) are common in new onset Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients but it is unclear if this marker is also prevalent in patients of other ethnic backgrounds. |
| 6862 | 7772701 | We determined antibodies against human recombinant GAD in Japanese diabetic patients using a radioimmunoassay with competition between in vitro translated 35S-GAD65 and non-labelled recombinant human GAD65 (rhGAD65). |
| 6863 | 7772701 | Our data are consistent with a strong association of GAD65Ab also in Japanese IDDM, and suggest that, when present, GAD67Ab are frequently directed to epitope(s) common to GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 6864 | 7772701 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD65Ab) are common in new onset Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients but it is unclear if this marker is also prevalent in patients of other ethnic backgrounds. |
| 6865 | 7772701 | We determined antibodies against human recombinant GAD in Japanese diabetic patients using a radioimmunoassay with competition between in vitro translated 35S-GAD65 and non-labelled recombinant human GAD65 (rhGAD65). |
| 6866 | 7772701 | Our data are consistent with a strong association of GAD65Ab also in Japanese IDDM, and suggest that, when present, GAD67Ab are frequently directed to epitope(s) common to GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 6867 | 7773291 | Susceptibility to human type 1 diabetes at IDDM2 is determined by tandem repeat variation at the insulin gene minisatellite locus. |
| 6868 | 7773291 | The IDDM2 locus encoding susceptibility to type 1 diabetes was mapped previously to a 4.1-kb region spanning the insulin gene and a minisatellite or variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus on human chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 6869 | 7773291 | Susceptibility to human type 1 diabetes at IDDM2 is determined by tandem repeat variation at the insulin gene minisatellite locus. |
| 6870 | 7773291 | The IDDM2 locus encoding susceptibility to type 1 diabetes was mapped previously to a 4.1-kb region spanning the insulin gene and a minisatellite or variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus on human chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 6871 | 7773292 | The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription. |
| 6872 | 7773292 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited as a polygenic trait. |
| 6873 | 7773292 | One of the loci implicated in IDDM is a polymorphic minisatellite 5' of the human insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11. |
| 6874 | 7773292 | This insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is composed of tandemly repeated sequences, which fall into three size classes: IDDM is strongly associated with short ILPR alleles. |
| 6875 | 7773292 | The ILPR contains numerous high-affinity binding sites for the transcription factor Pur-1, and transcriptional activation by Pur-1 is modulated by naturally occurring sequences in the ILPR. |
| 6876 | 7773292 | The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription. |
| 6877 | 7773292 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited as a polygenic trait. |
| 6878 | 7773292 | One of the loci implicated in IDDM is a polymorphic minisatellite 5' of the human insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11. |
| 6879 | 7773292 | This insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is composed of tandemly repeated sequences, which fall into three size classes: IDDM is strongly associated with short ILPR alleles. |
| 6880 | 7773292 | The ILPR contains numerous high-affinity binding sites for the transcription factor Pur-1, and transcriptional activation by Pur-1 is modulated by naturally occurring sequences in the ILPR. |
| 6881 | 7773292 | The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription. |
| 6882 | 7773292 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited as a polygenic trait. |
| 6883 | 7773292 | One of the loci implicated in IDDM is a polymorphic minisatellite 5' of the human insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11. |
| 6884 | 7773292 | This insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is composed of tandemly repeated sequences, which fall into three size classes: IDDM is strongly associated with short ILPR alleles. |
| 6885 | 7773292 | The ILPR contains numerous high-affinity binding sites for the transcription factor Pur-1, and transcriptional activation by Pur-1 is modulated by naturally occurring sequences in the ILPR. |
| 6886 | 7773292 | The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription. |
| 6887 | 7773292 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited as a polygenic trait. |
| 6888 | 7773292 | One of the loci implicated in IDDM is a polymorphic minisatellite 5' of the human insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11. |
| 6889 | 7773292 | This insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is composed of tandemly repeated sequences, which fall into three size classes: IDDM is strongly associated with short ILPR alleles. |
| 6890 | 7773292 | The ILPR contains numerous high-affinity binding sites for the transcription factor Pur-1, and transcriptional activation by Pur-1 is modulated by naturally occurring sequences in the ILPR. |
| 6891 | 7773292 | The minisatellite in the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 regulates insulin transcription. |
| 6892 | 7773292 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is inherited as a polygenic trait. |
| 6893 | 7773292 | One of the loci implicated in IDDM is a polymorphic minisatellite 5' of the human insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11. |
| 6894 | 7773292 | This insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR) is composed of tandemly repeated sequences, which fall into three size classes: IDDM is strongly associated with short ILPR alleles. |
| 6895 | 7773292 | The ILPR contains numerous high-affinity binding sites for the transcription factor Pur-1, and transcriptional activation by Pur-1 is modulated by naturally occurring sequences in the ILPR. |
| 6896 | 7777583 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a serious disorder comprising approximately 10% of the total diabetic population. |
| 6897 | 7782051 | Low serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 6898 | 7782051 | We measured serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 48 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), divided into two groups according to disease duration (group I < 6 months and group II > 3 years): group I 15 patients, aged 2.2-13.7 years, and group II 33 patients, aged 4.5-25.5 years. |
| 6899 | 7782051 | We found that TNF-alpha levels were lower in all IDDM patients (29.65 +/- 3.83 pg/ml) than in controls (74.74 +/- 10.17 pg/ml) (p < 0.0001), as well as in group I (24.07 +/- 3.65 pg/ml) and group II (32.16 +/- 5.29 pg/ml) as compared to controls (p < 0.001). |
| 6900 | 7782051 | No correlation was found between serum TNF-alpha and chronologic age, duration of disease, metabolic control, insulin requirement and HLA typing. |
| 6901 | 7782051 | Low serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 6902 | 7782051 | We measured serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 48 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), divided into two groups according to disease duration (group I < 6 months and group II > 3 years): group I 15 patients, aged 2.2-13.7 years, and group II 33 patients, aged 4.5-25.5 years. |
| 6903 | 7782051 | We found that TNF-alpha levels were lower in all IDDM patients (29.65 +/- 3.83 pg/ml) than in controls (74.74 +/- 10.17 pg/ml) (p < 0.0001), as well as in group I (24.07 +/- 3.65 pg/ml) and group II (32.16 +/- 5.29 pg/ml) as compared to controls (p < 0.001). |
| 6904 | 7782051 | No correlation was found between serum TNF-alpha and chronologic age, duration of disease, metabolic control, insulin requirement and HLA typing. |
| 6905 | 7783363 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA) are a marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6906 | 7783363 | The presence of ICA in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) indicates that the patients are likely to develop IDDM. |
| 6907 | 7783363 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA) are a marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6908 | 7783363 | The presence of ICA in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) indicates that the patients are likely to develop IDDM. |
| 6909 | 7788961 | We have investigated the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the activation of suppressor T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune disease control; this was accomplished by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR), CD25 (IL-2 alpha receptor (R)), and IL-2 beta R expression on their surfaces by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6910 | 7788961 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained from 10 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 11 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 10 normal persons (N), were cultured for 7 d in the presence or absence of IL-2 at a final concentration of 50 U/mL. |
| 6911 | 7788961 | CD8+ cells were isolated from cultured PBMC with immunomagnetic beads, and were stained with fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD11b, anti-IL-2 alpha R, anti-IL-2 beta R, and anti-HLA-DR); the activation of CD8+CD11b+ ("suppressor") T cells (Ts) by IL-2 was then analyzed on a flow cytometer. |
| 6912 | 7788961 | In the absence of IL-2, i.e., in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR), Ts from patients with GD, HT, and IDDM showed significantly lower activation as compared to N when analyzed by HLA-DR expression, but were not significantly different when IL-2R expression was measured. |
| 6913 | 7788961 | With stimulation of 50 U/mL of IL-2, SI of HLA-DR+ Ts was significantly (p < 0.05 to 0.01) lower in GD, HT, and IDDM as compared with N. |
| 6914 | 7788961 | We have investigated the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the activation of suppressor T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune disease control; this was accomplished by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR), CD25 (IL-2 alpha receptor (R)), and IL-2 beta R expression on their surfaces by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6915 | 7788961 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained from 10 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 11 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 10 normal persons (N), were cultured for 7 d in the presence or absence of IL-2 at a final concentration of 50 U/mL. |
| 6916 | 7788961 | CD8+ cells were isolated from cultured PBMC with immunomagnetic beads, and were stained with fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD11b, anti-IL-2 alpha R, anti-IL-2 beta R, and anti-HLA-DR); the activation of CD8+CD11b+ ("suppressor") T cells (Ts) by IL-2 was then analyzed on a flow cytometer. |
| 6917 | 7788961 | In the absence of IL-2, i.e., in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR), Ts from patients with GD, HT, and IDDM showed significantly lower activation as compared to N when analyzed by HLA-DR expression, but were not significantly different when IL-2R expression was measured. |
| 6918 | 7788961 | With stimulation of 50 U/mL of IL-2, SI of HLA-DR+ Ts was significantly (p < 0.05 to 0.01) lower in GD, HT, and IDDM as compared with N. |
| 6919 | 7788961 | We have investigated the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the activation of suppressor T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune disease control; this was accomplished by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR), CD25 (IL-2 alpha receptor (R)), and IL-2 beta R expression on their surfaces by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6920 | 7788961 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained from 10 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 11 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 10 normal persons (N), were cultured for 7 d in the presence or absence of IL-2 at a final concentration of 50 U/mL. |
| 6921 | 7788961 | CD8+ cells were isolated from cultured PBMC with immunomagnetic beads, and were stained with fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD11b, anti-IL-2 alpha R, anti-IL-2 beta R, and anti-HLA-DR); the activation of CD8+CD11b+ ("suppressor") T cells (Ts) by IL-2 was then analyzed on a flow cytometer. |
| 6922 | 7788961 | In the absence of IL-2, i.e., in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR), Ts from patients with GD, HT, and IDDM showed significantly lower activation as compared to N when analyzed by HLA-DR expression, but were not significantly different when IL-2R expression was measured. |
| 6923 | 7788961 | With stimulation of 50 U/mL of IL-2, SI of HLA-DR+ Ts was significantly (p < 0.05 to 0.01) lower in GD, HT, and IDDM as compared with N. |
| 6924 | 7788961 | We have investigated the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the activation of suppressor T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune disease control; this was accomplished by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR), CD25 (IL-2 alpha receptor (R)), and IL-2 beta R expression on their surfaces by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 6925 | 7788961 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), obtained from 10 patients with Graves' disease (GD), 11 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), 9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 10 normal persons (N), were cultured for 7 d in the presence or absence of IL-2 at a final concentration of 50 U/mL. |
| 6926 | 7788961 | CD8+ cells were isolated from cultured PBMC with immunomagnetic beads, and were stained with fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD11b, anti-IL-2 alpha R, anti-IL-2 beta R, and anti-HLA-DR); the activation of CD8+CD11b+ ("suppressor") T cells (Ts) by IL-2 was then analyzed on a flow cytometer. |
| 6927 | 7788961 | In the absence of IL-2, i.e., in the autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR), Ts from patients with GD, HT, and IDDM showed significantly lower activation as compared to N when analyzed by HLA-DR expression, but were not significantly different when IL-2R expression was measured. |
| 6928 | 7788961 | With stimulation of 50 U/mL of IL-2, SI of HLA-DR+ Ts was significantly (p < 0.05 to 0.01) lower in GD, HT, and IDDM as compared with N. |
| 6929 | 7789622 | HLA-DQB1*0602 is associated with dominant protection from diabetes even among islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM. |
| 6930 | 7789622 | HLA-DQB1 alleles confer susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6931 | 7789622 | HLA-DQB1*0602 is associated with dominant protection from diabetes even among islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM. |
| 6932 | 7789622 | HLA-DQB1 alleles confer susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6933 | 7789625 | Effects of human glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I)(7-36)amide were examined in volunteers having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with residual C-peptide (CP) secretion (n = 8, 7 men and 1 woman; age, 31 +/- 1.4 years; body mass index, 24.7 +/- 0.7 kg/m2; duration of diabetes, 3.2 +/- 0.8 years; insulin dose, 0.41 +/- 0.05 U.kg-1.day-1; meal-stimulated CP, 1.0 +/- 0.2 nmol/l [means +/- SE]). |
| 6934 | 7789625 | After a mixed meal (Sustacal, 30 kJ/kg body wt), intravenous injection of GLP-I, 1.2 pmol.kg-1.min-1 through 120 min, virtually abolished increments of plasma glucose, CP, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and glucagon concentrations, with no significant effect on plasma gastrin levels during the infusions. |
| 6935 | 7789625 | Thus, in CP-positive IDDM, pharmacological doses of GLP-I reduce glycemic excursions after meals by a mechanism(s) not dependent on stimulation of insulin secretion, presumably involving delayed gastric emptying. |
| 6936 | 7789625 | Effects of human glucagon-like peptide I (GLP-I)(7-36)amide were examined in volunteers having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with residual C-peptide (CP) secretion (n = 8, 7 men and 1 woman; age, 31 +/- 1.4 years; body mass index, 24.7 +/- 0.7 kg/m2; duration of diabetes, 3.2 +/- 0.8 years; insulin dose, 0.41 +/- 0.05 U.kg-1.day-1; meal-stimulated CP, 1.0 +/- 0.2 nmol/l [means +/- SE]). |
| 6937 | 7789625 | After a mixed meal (Sustacal, 30 kJ/kg body wt), intravenous injection of GLP-I, 1.2 pmol.kg-1.min-1 through 120 min, virtually abolished increments of plasma glucose, CP, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), and glucagon concentrations, with no significant effect on plasma gastrin levels during the infusions. |
| 6938 | 7789625 | Thus, in CP-positive IDDM, pharmacological doses of GLP-I reduce glycemic excursions after meals by a mechanism(s) not dependent on stimulation of insulin secretion, presumably involving delayed gastric emptying. |
| 6939 | 7789624 | Insulin gene region-encoded susceptibility to IDDM maps upstream of the insulin gene. |
| 6940 | 7789624 | The gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 known to be involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility was recently mapped to a 4.1-kilobase region including the insulin gene. |
| 6941 | 7789624 | By genotyping 7 of these 10 polymorphisms and the tyrosine hydroxylase microsatellite in Finnish Caucasoid IDDM patients and control subjects, we demonstrate that many of the polymorphisms found to be associated with IDDM in other Caucasoid populations do not show any association in this Finnish population. |
| 6942 | 7789624 | The VNTR is located adjacent to defined regulatory DNA sequences affecting insulin gene expression, which suggests a possible effect on expression of insulin or one of the neighboring genes, tyrosine hydroxylase or insulin-like growth factor 2. |
| 6943 | 7789624 | Insulin gene region-encoded susceptibility to IDDM maps upstream of the insulin gene. |
| 6944 | 7789624 | The gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 known to be involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility was recently mapped to a 4.1-kilobase region including the insulin gene. |
| 6945 | 7789624 | By genotyping 7 of these 10 polymorphisms and the tyrosine hydroxylase microsatellite in Finnish Caucasoid IDDM patients and control subjects, we demonstrate that many of the polymorphisms found to be associated with IDDM in other Caucasoid populations do not show any association in this Finnish population. |
| 6946 | 7789624 | The VNTR is located adjacent to defined regulatory DNA sequences affecting insulin gene expression, which suggests a possible effect on expression of insulin or one of the neighboring genes, tyrosine hydroxylase or insulin-like growth factor 2. |
| 6947 | 7789624 | Insulin gene region-encoded susceptibility to IDDM maps upstream of the insulin gene. |
| 6948 | 7789624 | The gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 known to be involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility was recently mapped to a 4.1-kilobase region including the insulin gene. |
| 6949 | 7789624 | By genotyping 7 of these 10 polymorphisms and the tyrosine hydroxylase microsatellite in Finnish Caucasoid IDDM patients and control subjects, we demonstrate that many of the polymorphisms found to be associated with IDDM in other Caucasoid populations do not show any association in this Finnish population. |
| 6950 | 7789624 | The VNTR is located adjacent to defined regulatory DNA sequences affecting insulin gene expression, which suggests a possible effect on expression of insulin or one of the neighboring genes, tyrosine hydroxylase or insulin-like growth factor 2. |
| 6951 | 7789627 | There is increasing interest in the use of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAbs) for identification of subjects at increased risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6952 | 7789630 | Coxsackievirus B infections have been associated with clinical manifestation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in several studies, but their initiating role in the slowly progressing beta-cell damage is not known. |
| 6953 | 7789641 | Recently, a dramatic decline in the cumulative incidence of diabetic nephropathy (< 10% after 25 years of diabetes) has been reported in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients diagnosed before the age of 15 years between 1961 and 1980. |
| 6954 | 7789642 | Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by being involved in the extravasation of lymphocytes from the circulation into the inflamed pancreas. |
| 6955 | 7789642 | Immunohistochemical study under light microscopy demonstrated that all of the mononuclear cells infiltrating the islets strongly expressed ICAM-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), a counterreceptor of ICAM-1, whereas ICAM-1 expression on islet cells was not apparent. |
| 6956 | 7789642 | Flow cytometric analysis showed that the ICAM-1 expression on NOD islet cells and NOD-derived insulinoma cells (MIN6N8a) was inducible by interferon (IFN)-gamma or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. |
| 6957 | 7789642 | Susceptibility of MIN6N8a cells to lysis by a NOD islet-derived CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell clone was greatly enhanced by IFN-gamma pretreatment, and this enhancement was abolished by anti-ICAM-1 and anti-LFA-1 mAbs. |
| 6958 | 7798372 | Mothers (n = 26) of children and young adolescents (ages 4 to 14) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and mothers (n = 26) of children and young adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) (ages 4 to 14) described family responsibilities for treatment-related tasks and their children's general independence. |
| 6959 | 7800583 | The aim of the study was to evaluate plasma concentration of fibrinogen, plasma activity of antithrombin III (AT-III) and plasma activity of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-I) in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and the assessment of correlation between them and the parameters of glyco-metabolic control comprising glycemia and concentrations of fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin HbA1c. |
| 6960 | 7803350 | Optical density (OD) of the crystalline lens has been shown in non-diabetics to increase linearly with age over the first five decades and at an increased rate thereafter; in insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, lens OD increases with age and with duration of diabetes at a rate similar to that in non-diabetics over the age of 60 years. |
| 6961 | 7806020 | Abnormal increases in urinary albumin excretion during pregnancy in IDDM women with pre-existing microalbuminuria. |
| 6962 | 7806020 | We compared urinary albumin excretion during and after pregnancy in 30 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women with normoalbuminuria and in 12 IDDM women with microalbuminuria (> 15 micrograms.min-1) prior to conception. |
| 6963 | 7806020 | Abnormal increases in urinary albumin excretion during pregnancy in IDDM women with pre-existing microalbuminuria. |
| 6964 | 7806020 | We compared urinary albumin excretion during and after pregnancy in 30 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women with normoalbuminuria and in 12 IDDM women with microalbuminuria (> 15 micrograms.min-1) prior to conception. |
| 6965 | 7806022 | Furthermore, one of the three islet cell antibody negative individuals who developed IDDM was GAD65 antibody positive both in 1976 and in 1989. |
| 6966 | 7806023 | Normal growth and development, as well as the prevention of overweight, are major goals in the treatment of paediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 6967 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 6968 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 6969 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 6970 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 6971 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 6972 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 6973 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 6974 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 6975 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 6976 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 6977 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 6978 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 6979 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 6980 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 6981 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 6982 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 6983 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 6984 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 6985 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 6986 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 6987 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 6988 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 6989 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 6990 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 6991 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 6992 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 6993 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 6994 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 6995 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 6996 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 6997 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 6998 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 6999 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 7000 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 7001 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 7002 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 7003 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 7004 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 7005 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 7006 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 7007 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 7008 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 7009 | 7806025 | A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 7010 | 7806025 | In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. |
| 7011 | 7806025 | Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. |
| 7012 | 7806025 | Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. |
| 7013 | 7806025 | A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. |
| 7014 | 7806025 | Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). |
| 7015 | 7806025 | Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a 'diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). |
| 7016 | 7806441 | The Eurodiab Insulin Dependent Diabetes (IDDM) Complications Study was a cross-sectional investigation of a stratified random sample of IDDM patients attending 31 clinics in 16 European countries. |
| 7017 | 7807619 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a frequent complication in patients with beta-thalassaemia major. |
| 7018 | 7807619 | Fasting blood glucose, plasma insulin level, liver function tests, plasma ferritin, iron, and transferrin were assessed in each patient and glucose tolerance was evaluated. |
| 7019 | 7809009 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate target autoantigen involved in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7020 | 7809009 | Using GAD isoform-specific antibodies in an immunoblot assay, we found that expression of both GAD-65 and GAD-67 in cultured islets was glucose dependent and that increased expression of both forms of GAD correlated with increased functional state of the beta cell. |
| 7021 | 7809339 | An onset cohort of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and their parents were studied. |
| 7022 | 7809904 | Using an animal model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the NOD mouse, we have demonstrated that allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) has a preventative effect on IDDM, and that a combined transplantation of pancreas and bone marrow can be used to treat IDDM. |
| 7023 | 7813805 | Accelerated beta-cell destruction in adoptively transferred autoimmune diabetes correlates with an increased expression of the genes coding for TNF-alpha and granzyme A in the intra-islet infiltrates. |
| 7024 | 7813805 | Autoimmune destruction of beta-cells in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is greatly accelerated by adoptive cotransfer of syngeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells from diabetic animals into newborn NOD mice. |
| 7025 | 7813805 | We followed, by in situ hybridization, the appearance of mRNA of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha gene and, as a marker for activated cytotoxic T-cells, of the serine protease granzyme A gene in the cellular infiltrates generated by cell transfer at birth. |
| 7026 | 7813805 | Cells expressing the genes for granzyme A or TNF-alpha were seen in considerable numbers already on day 14, after adoptive transfer. |
| 7027 | 7813805 | Compared with our previous findings in NOD mice developing spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (Held W, MacDonald HR, Weissman IL, Hess MW, Mueller C: Genes encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha and granzyme A are expressed during development of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 7028 | 7813805 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:2239-2243, 1990), frequencies of cells with TNF-alpha and granzyme A mRNA were 2- and 12-fold higher, respectively, in transferred IDDM (trIDDM). |
| 7029 | 7813805 | TNF-alpha mRNA positive cells were predominantly found in the CD4+ T-cell subset of the pancreas-infiltrating cells, whereas granzyme A mRNA positive cells were mainly observed in the CD4- T-cell subset. |
| 7030 | 7813805 | Accelerated beta-cell destruction in adoptively transferred autoimmune diabetes correlates with an increased expression of the genes coding for TNF-alpha and granzyme A in the intra-islet infiltrates. |
| 7031 | 7813805 | Autoimmune destruction of beta-cells in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice is greatly accelerated by adoptive cotransfer of syngeneic CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells from diabetic animals into newborn NOD mice. |
| 7032 | 7813805 | We followed, by in situ hybridization, the appearance of mRNA of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha gene and, as a marker for activated cytotoxic T-cells, of the serine protease granzyme A gene in the cellular infiltrates generated by cell transfer at birth. |
| 7033 | 7813805 | Cells expressing the genes for granzyme A or TNF-alpha were seen in considerable numbers already on day 14, after adoptive transfer. |
| 7034 | 7813805 | Compared with our previous findings in NOD mice developing spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (Held W, MacDonald HR, Weissman IL, Hess MW, Mueller C: Genes encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha and granzyme A are expressed during development of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 7035 | 7813805 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:2239-2243, 1990), frequencies of cells with TNF-alpha and granzyme A mRNA were 2- and 12-fold higher, respectively, in transferred IDDM (trIDDM). |
| 7036 | 7813805 | TNF-alpha mRNA positive cells were predominantly found in the CD4+ T-cell subset of the pancreas-infiltrating cells, whereas granzyme A mRNA positive cells were mainly observed in the CD4- T-cell subset. |
| 7037 | 7813818 | Tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity in patients with IDDM. |
| 7038 | 7813818 | We studied tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without macro-or microvascular complications, before and after intravenous administration of heparin, in comparison with age-matched control subjects. |
| 7039 | 7813818 | When the chromogenic assay was used, TFPI activity before heparin injection was significantly higher in the IDDM patients (92 +/- 24 vs. 112 +/- 23%, P < 0.01). |
| 7040 | 7813818 | A positive correlation between TFPI activity and glycated hemoglobin was demonstrated. |
| 7041 | 7813818 | Tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity in patients with IDDM. |
| 7042 | 7813818 | We studied tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without macro-or microvascular complications, before and after intravenous administration of heparin, in comparison with age-matched control subjects. |
| 7043 | 7813818 | When the chromogenic assay was used, TFPI activity before heparin injection was significantly higher in the IDDM patients (92 +/- 24 vs. 112 +/- 23%, P < 0.01). |
| 7044 | 7813818 | A positive correlation between TFPI activity and glycated hemoglobin was demonstrated. |
| 7045 | 7813818 | Tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity in patients with IDDM. |
| 7046 | 7813818 | We studied tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without macro-or microvascular complications, before and after intravenous administration of heparin, in comparison with age-matched control subjects. |
| 7047 | 7813818 | When the chromogenic assay was used, TFPI activity before heparin injection was significantly higher in the IDDM patients (92 +/- 24 vs. 112 +/- 23%, P < 0.01). |
| 7048 | 7813818 | A positive correlation between TFPI activity and glycated hemoglobin was demonstrated. |
| 7049 | 7817375 | Analysis of antibody markers, DRB1, DRB5, DQA1 and DQB1 genes and modeling of DR2 molecules in DR2-positive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7050 | 7817375 | HLA-DR2 is negatively associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7051 | 7817375 | The second haplotype was DR3 DQ2 in 6/11 and DR4 DQ8 in 2/11 DR2-positive patients. |
| 7052 | 7818838 | It affects a large proportion of both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients. |
| 7053 | 7821177 | Human leukocyte antigen class II polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility of IDDM in Egyptian children. |
| 7054 | 7821197 | Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is suggested to be an important enzyme for modulating the bioactivity of insulin, but its clinical significance in diabetes mellitus (DM) is not yet characterized. |
| 7055 | 7821197 | We measured the serum levels of ADA isoenzymes (ADA1 and ADA2) in healthy donors (HD, n = 52), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, n = 53) patients and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, n = 65) patients. |
| 7056 | 7821746 | The findings in a clinical study in which IDDM patients were given C-peptide and insulin or insulin alone for 4 weeks in a double-blind randomized study design, indicate that C-peptide improves renal function by reducing urinary albumin excretion and glomerular filtration, decreases blood retinal barrier leakage and improves metabolic control. |
| 7057 | 7825784 | Association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa) was recently described. |
| 7058 | 7826559 | Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate was studied in 28 normotensive adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and normoalbuminuria, and adolescent controls. |
| 7059 | 7826593 | Disordered reproductive function has long been recognized as a prevalent problem among women of reproductive age who suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7060 | 7826593 | Similarly, pituitary function as assessed by basal gonadotrophins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated gonadotrophin release appears to be normal in young women with IDDM. |
| 7061 | 7826593 | It appears that the oligo/amenorrhea noted in IDDM is principally hypothalamic in origin and may represent intermittent (and perhaps reversible) failure of the GnRH pulse generator, similar to the situation observed in women who engage in endurance training or who suffer from anorexia nervosa. |
| 7062 | 7826593 | Disordered reproductive function has long been recognized as a prevalent problem among women of reproductive age who suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7063 | 7826593 | Similarly, pituitary function as assessed by basal gonadotrophins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated gonadotrophin release appears to be normal in young women with IDDM. |
| 7064 | 7826593 | It appears that the oligo/amenorrhea noted in IDDM is principally hypothalamic in origin and may represent intermittent (and perhaps reversible) failure of the GnRH pulse generator, similar to the situation observed in women who engage in endurance training or who suffer from anorexia nervosa. |
| 7065 | 7826593 | Disordered reproductive function has long been recognized as a prevalent problem among women of reproductive age who suffer from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7066 | 7826593 | Similarly, pituitary function as assessed by basal gonadotrophins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated gonadotrophin release appears to be normal in young women with IDDM. |
| 7067 | 7826593 | It appears that the oligo/amenorrhea noted in IDDM is principally hypothalamic in origin and may represent intermittent (and perhaps reversible) failure of the GnRH pulse generator, similar to the situation observed in women who engage in endurance training or who suffer from anorexia nervosa. |
| 7068 | 7827348 | The effect of rigorous management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during pregnancy on the perinatal outcome was assessed by comparing 78 prepartum gravid patients with IDDM managed prospectively with 78 matched controls. |
| 7069 | 7827348 | The diabetic women were treated with insulin by either infusion pump or split-dose therapy, with the goal of normalization of the fasting blood sugars and hemoglobin Hb A1c values. |
| 7070 | 7827347 | Roughly 40% of all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop diabetic nephropathy with proteinuria, hypertension and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate 10 to 20 years after the onset of the disease, and 5 years later most patients suffer from end-stage renal disease. |
| 7071 | 7827347 | Microalbuminuria, defined as an urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) between 30 and 300 mg/day, strongly predicts the development of nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 7072 | 7827347 | Roughly 40% of all patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop diabetic nephropathy with proteinuria, hypertension and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate 10 to 20 years after the onset of the disease, and 5 years later most patients suffer from end-stage renal disease. |
| 7073 | 7827347 | Microalbuminuria, defined as an urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) between 30 and 300 mg/day, strongly predicts the development of nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 7074 | 7828375 | The wide racial-geographic differences in the incidence and prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between Europids and Asian populations prompted us to compare frequencies of positivity of autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 7075 | 7828375 | The patients with IDDM included 41 Koreans, 30 Thais, and 45 Australian Europids; the Koreans included 14 cases regarded as atypical IDDM by reason of a delayed requirement for insulin treatment. |
| 7076 | 7828375 | The wide racial-geographic differences in the incidence and prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) between Europids and Asian populations prompted us to compare frequencies of positivity of autoantibody to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 7077 | 7828375 | The patients with IDDM included 41 Koreans, 30 Thais, and 45 Australian Europids; the Koreans included 14 cases regarded as atypical IDDM by reason of a delayed requirement for insulin treatment. |
| 7078 | 7828632 | Contribution of glycaemic control, endogenous lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein to accelerated cholesteryl ester transfer in IDDM. |
| 7079 | 7828632 | In an earlier study we demonstrated that the transfer of cholesteryl ester (CET) estimated as the net mass of CE lost from HDL to the apoB-containing lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL) during incubation of plasma is accelerated in normolipidaemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7080 | 7828632 | In this study, we sought first to determine whether CET estimated with an isotopic method that measures the transfer of radiolabelled CE from exogenous HDL from non-diabetic controls to endogenous VLDL + LDL was also increased in IDDM and, if so, the extent to which this disturbance was affected by glycaemic control, VLDL and CETP. |
| 7081 | 7828632 | Recombination experiments revealed that isotopic CET was accelerated when: (a) IDDM VLDL were combined with controls HDL and d > 1.21 fractions; and (b) IDDM d > 1.21 plasma fractions containing CETP were combined with controls VLDL + LDL and HDL. |
| 7082 | 7828632 | Contribution of glycaemic control, endogenous lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein to accelerated cholesteryl ester transfer in IDDM. |
| 7083 | 7828632 | In an earlier study we demonstrated that the transfer of cholesteryl ester (CET) estimated as the net mass of CE lost from HDL to the apoB-containing lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL) during incubation of plasma is accelerated in normolipidaemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7084 | 7828632 | In this study, we sought first to determine whether CET estimated with an isotopic method that measures the transfer of radiolabelled CE from exogenous HDL from non-diabetic controls to endogenous VLDL + LDL was also increased in IDDM and, if so, the extent to which this disturbance was affected by glycaemic control, VLDL and CETP. |
| 7085 | 7828632 | Recombination experiments revealed that isotopic CET was accelerated when: (a) IDDM VLDL were combined with controls HDL and d > 1.21 fractions; and (b) IDDM d > 1.21 plasma fractions containing CETP were combined with controls VLDL + LDL and HDL. |
| 7086 | 7828632 | Contribution of glycaemic control, endogenous lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein to accelerated cholesteryl ester transfer in IDDM. |
| 7087 | 7828632 | In an earlier study we demonstrated that the transfer of cholesteryl ester (CET) estimated as the net mass of CE lost from HDL to the apoB-containing lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL) during incubation of plasma is accelerated in normolipidaemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7088 | 7828632 | In this study, we sought first to determine whether CET estimated with an isotopic method that measures the transfer of radiolabelled CE from exogenous HDL from non-diabetic controls to endogenous VLDL + LDL was also increased in IDDM and, if so, the extent to which this disturbance was affected by glycaemic control, VLDL and CETP. |
| 7089 | 7828632 | Recombination experiments revealed that isotopic CET was accelerated when: (a) IDDM VLDL were combined with controls HDL and d > 1.21 fractions; and (b) IDDM d > 1.21 plasma fractions containing CETP were combined with controls VLDL + LDL and HDL. |
| 7090 | 7828632 | Contribution of glycaemic control, endogenous lipoproteins and cholesteryl ester transfer protein to accelerated cholesteryl ester transfer in IDDM. |
| 7091 | 7828632 | In an earlier study we demonstrated that the transfer of cholesteryl ester (CET) estimated as the net mass of CE lost from HDL to the apoB-containing lipoproteins (VLDL + LDL) during incubation of plasma is accelerated in normolipidaemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7092 | 7828632 | In this study, we sought first to determine whether CET estimated with an isotopic method that measures the transfer of radiolabelled CE from exogenous HDL from non-diabetic controls to endogenous VLDL + LDL was also increased in IDDM and, if so, the extent to which this disturbance was affected by glycaemic control, VLDL and CETP. |
| 7093 | 7828632 | Recombination experiments revealed that isotopic CET was accelerated when: (a) IDDM VLDL were combined with controls HDL and d > 1.21 fractions; and (b) IDDM d > 1.21 plasma fractions containing CETP were combined with controls VLDL + LDL and HDL. |
| 7094 | 7830211 | Compared child-rearing behaviors among mothers of children (ages 4-14) with cystic fibrosis (CF) (N = 26), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (N = 26), and mothers of physically healthy children (N = 26), on six domains, including involvement, limit setting, responsiveness, reasoning and guidance, free expression, and intimacy using the Iowa Parent Behavior Inventory. |
| 7095 | 7833679 | In human AITD, recent studies have demonstrated that CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) and CD8+CD11b+ ("pure suppressor") cells are activated by irrelevant antigen normally, but are significantly less well activated in response to thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase. |
| 7096 | 7833679 | In further similar studies, CD8+ cells from patients with Graves' disease (GD) are induced normally in response to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), the putative beta cell antigen important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but significantly less to synthetic TSH receptor (TSHR). |
| 7097 | 7833679 | Conversely, CD8+ cells from patients with IDDM are activated normally in response to TSHR, but significantly less to GAD-65. |
| 7098 | 7833679 | In human AITD, recent studies have demonstrated that CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) and CD8+CD11b+ ("pure suppressor") cells are activated by irrelevant antigen normally, but are significantly less well activated in response to thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase. |
| 7099 | 7833679 | In further similar studies, CD8+ cells from patients with Graves' disease (GD) are induced normally in response to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), the putative beta cell antigen important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but significantly less to synthetic TSH receptor (TSHR). |
| 7100 | 7833679 | Conversely, CD8+ cells from patients with IDDM are activated normally in response to TSHR, but significantly less to GAD-65. |
| 7101 | 7834277 | Improved risk assessment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by analysis of amino acids in HLA-DQ and DRB1 loci. |
| 7102 | 7834277 | Polymorphisms in HLA class II genes have been shown to contribute to susceptibility or protection against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7103 | 7834277 | In the present study the role of HLA class II haplotypes and the role of DQ alpha Arg52, DQ beta Asp57 and of polymorphic amino acids, located in the antigen-binding groove and the CD4-binding domain of the DR beta 1 chain, were studied in 210 unrelated Caucasian IDDM patients and 205 controls. |
| 7104 | 7834277 | Our findings confirm that protection against IDDM is provided by HLA-DQ loci but that susceptibility for IDDM is provided by both HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci. |
| 7105 | 7834277 | Improved risk assessment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by analysis of amino acids in HLA-DQ and DRB1 loci. |
| 7106 | 7834277 | Polymorphisms in HLA class II genes have been shown to contribute to susceptibility or protection against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7107 | 7834277 | In the present study the role of HLA class II haplotypes and the role of DQ alpha Arg52, DQ beta Asp57 and of polymorphic amino acids, located in the antigen-binding groove and the CD4-binding domain of the DR beta 1 chain, were studied in 210 unrelated Caucasian IDDM patients and 205 controls. |
| 7108 | 7834277 | Our findings confirm that protection against IDDM is provided by HLA-DQ loci but that susceptibility for IDDM is provided by both HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci. |
| 7109 | 7834277 | Improved risk assessment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by analysis of amino acids in HLA-DQ and DRB1 loci. |
| 7110 | 7834277 | Polymorphisms in HLA class II genes have been shown to contribute to susceptibility or protection against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7111 | 7834277 | In the present study the role of HLA class II haplotypes and the role of DQ alpha Arg52, DQ beta Asp57 and of polymorphic amino acids, located in the antigen-binding groove and the CD4-binding domain of the DR beta 1 chain, were studied in 210 unrelated Caucasian IDDM patients and 205 controls. |
| 7112 | 7834277 | Our findings confirm that protection against IDDM is provided by HLA-DQ loci but that susceptibility for IDDM is provided by both HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 loci. |
| 7113 | 7835983 | The precise role of immune cells in beta cell killing and their manner of invasion of pancreatic islets in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are unclear. |
| 7114 | 7835983 | Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the islet engrafted cells were of CD4 and CD8 phenotype. |
| 7115 | 7836934 | T cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 7116 | 7836934 | Administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a key cytokine which guides the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) CD4+ T cells, induces rapid onset of IDDM in NOD, but not in BALB/c mice. |
| 7117 | 7836934 | CD4+ pancreas-infiltrating T cells, after activation by insolubilized anti T cell receptor antibody, secrete high levels of interferon gamma and low levels of IL-4. |
| 7118 | 7836934 | Therefore, IL-12 administration accelerates IDDM development in genetically susceptible NOD mice, and this correlates with increased Th1 cytokine production by islet-infiltrating cells. |
| 7119 | 7836934 | T cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 7120 | 7836934 | Administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a key cytokine which guides the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) CD4+ T cells, induces rapid onset of IDDM in NOD, but not in BALB/c mice. |
| 7121 | 7836934 | CD4+ pancreas-infiltrating T cells, after activation by insolubilized anti T cell receptor antibody, secrete high levels of interferon gamma and low levels of IL-4. |
| 7122 | 7836934 | Therefore, IL-12 administration accelerates IDDM development in genetically susceptible NOD mice, and this correlates with increased Th1 cytokine production by islet-infiltrating cells. |
| 7123 | 7836934 | T cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 7124 | 7836934 | Administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a key cytokine which guides the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) CD4+ T cells, induces rapid onset of IDDM in NOD, but not in BALB/c mice. |
| 7125 | 7836934 | CD4+ pancreas-infiltrating T cells, after activation by insolubilized anti T cell receptor antibody, secrete high levels of interferon gamma and low levels of IL-4. |
| 7126 | 7836934 | Therefore, IL-12 administration accelerates IDDM development in genetically susceptible NOD mice, and this correlates with increased Th1 cytokine production by islet-infiltrating cells. |
| 7127 | 7840859 | HLA-DQB1 genotypes and islet cell antibodies in the identification of siblings at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in Finland. |
| 7128 | 7840860 | Several polymorphisms of the insulin gene and its flanking regions (INS region) are in linkage disequilibrium and confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 7129 | 7840860 | We have analysed INS AA and AB-BB genotypes at the 1,428 FokI site (3' of the insulin gene) in 217 patients with IDDM, 402 non-diabetic first degree relatives negative for insulin (IAA) and islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 116 autoantibody positive (for ICA or IAA, or both) relatives of whom 39 became diabetic on follow-up. |
| 7130 | 7840860 | In contrast, only 4/26 (15.3%) of the IDDM offspring inherited the paternal B allele (P = 0.001), suggesting maternal imprinting of the INS region. |
| 7131 | 7840860 | Several polymorphisms of the insulin gene and its flanking regions (INS region) are in linkage disequilibrium and confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 7132 | 7840860 | We have analysed INS AA and AB-BB genotypes at the 1,428 FokI site (3' of the insulin gene) in 217 patients with IDDM, 402 non-diabetic first degree relatives negative for insulin (IAA) and islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 116 autoantibody positive (for ICA or IAA, or both) relatives of whom 39 became diabetic on follow-up. |
| 7133 | 7840860 | In contrast, only 4/26 (15.3%) of the IDDM offspring inherited the paternal B allele (P = 0.001), suggesting maternal imprinting of the INS region. |
| 7134 | 7840860 | Several polymorphisms of the insulin gene and its flanking regions (INS region) are in linkage disequilibrium and confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 7135 | 7840860 | We have analysed INS AA and AB-BB genotypes at the 1,428 FokI site (3' of the insulin gene) in 217 patients with IDDM, 402 non-diabetic first degree relatives negative for insulin (IAA) and islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), and 116 autoantibody positive (for ICA or IAA, or both) relatives of whom 39 became diabetic on follow-up. |
| 7136 | 7840860 | In contrast, only 4/26 (15.3%) of the IDDM offspring inherited the paternal B allele (P = 0.001), suggesting maternal imprinting of the INS region. |
| 7137 | 7842018 | A locus on chromosome 15q26 (IDDM3) produces susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7138 | 7842018 | To identify new loci predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have investigated 250 families with more than one diabetic child. |
| 7139 | 7842018 | Affected sibling pair linkage analysis revealed strong evidence for an IDDM susceptibility locus near D15S107 on chromosome 15q26 (P = 0.0010) termed IDDM3. |
| 7140 | 7842018 | Our study also revealed evidence for an IDDM locus on chromosome 11q13 (IDDM4) using affected siblings (P = 0.0043), but no evidence using discordant siblings. |
| 7141 | 7842018 | A locus on chromosome 15q26 (IDDM3) produces susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7142 | 7842018 | To identify new loci predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have investigated 250 families with more than one diabetic child. |
| 7143 | 7842018 | Affected sibling pair linkage analysis revealed strong evidence for an IDDM susceptibility locus near D15S107 on chromosome 15q26 (P = 0.0010) termed IDDM3. |
| 7144 | 7842018 | Our study also revealed evidence for an IDDM locus on chromosome 11q13 (IDDM4) using affected siblings (P = 0.0043), but no evidence using discordant siblings. |
| 7145 | 7842018 | A locus on chromosome 15q26 (IDDM3) produces susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7146 | 7842018 | To identify new loci predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have investigated 250 families with more than one diabetic child. |
| 7147 | 7842018 | Affected sibling pair linkage analysis revealed strong evidence for an IDDM susceptibility locus near D15S107 on chromosome 15q26 (P = 0.0010) termed IDDM3. |
| 7148 | 7842018 | Our study also revealed evidence for an IDDM locus on chromosome 11q13 (IDDM4) using affected siblings (P = 0.0043), but no evidence using discordant siblings. |
| 7149 | 7843656 | A 19-year-old woman with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of 3.5 years duration had been suffering from recurrent episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), dizziness, and weight loss (16 kg, 29%) for 6 months. |
| 7150 | 7847025 | These diseases can be organ specific, such as insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and non-organ specific, such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). |
| 7151 | 7847389 | Association of LMP2 and LMP7 genes within the major histocompatibility complex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: population and family studies. |
| 7152 | 7847389 | LMP2 and LMP7, two subunits of the proteasomes encoded in the major histocompatibility complex, are speculated to play a role in the generation of endogenous peptides for presentation by class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells. |
| 7153 | 7847389 | Their possible role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has not been documented. |
| 7154 | 7847389 | In this study of Caucasian subjects, we have analyzed the polymorphisms of four genes within the HLA class II region (LMP2, LMP7, and HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1) in 198 unrelated IDDM patients and 192 normal controls ascertained from the southeastern United States. |
| 7155 | 7847389 | A genomic polymorphism of LMP7 was found strongly associated with IDDM, and the Arg/His-60 polymorphism in LMP2 was found associated with IDDM only in subjects containing an HLA DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype. |
| 7156 | 7847389 | Association of LMP2 and LMP7 genes within the major histocompatibility complex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: population and family studies. |
| 7157 | 7847389 | LMP2 and LMP7, two subunits of the proteasomes encoded in the major histocompatibility complex, are speculated to play a role in the generation of endogenous peptides for presentation by class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells. |
| 7158 | 7847389 | Their possible role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has not been documented. |
| 7159 | 7847389 | In this study of Caucasian subjects, we have analyzed the polymorphisms of four genes within the HLA class II region (LMP2, LMP7, and HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1) in 198 unrelated IDDM patients and 192 normal controls ascertained from the southeastern United States. |
| 7160 | 7847389 | A genomic polymorphism of LMP7 was found strongly associated with IDDM, and the Arg/His-60 polymorphism in LMP2 was found associated with IDDM only in subjects containing an HLA DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype. |
| 7161 | 7847389 | Association of LMP2 and LMP7 genes within the major histocompatibility complex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: population and family studies. |
| 7162 | 7847389 | LMP2 and LMP7, two subunits of the proteasomes encoded in the major histocompatibility complex, are speculated to play a role in the generation of endogenous peptides for presentation by class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells. |
| 7163 | 7847389 | Their possible role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has not been documented. |
| 7164 | 7847389 | In this study of Caucasian subjects, we have analyzed the polymorphisms of four genes within the HLA class II region (LMP2, LMP7, and HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1) in 198 unrelated IDDM patients and 192 normal controls ascertained from the southeastern United States. |
| 7165 | 7847389 | A genomic polymorphism of LMP7 was found strongly associated with IDDM, and the Arg/His-60 polymorphism in LMP2 was found associated with IDDM only in subjects containing an HLA DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype. |
| 7166 | 7851224 | Twenty-four children (ages 8 to 12 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were matched by age and race, then randomly assigned either to a 6-week, self-management education program (experimental) or to receive usual care (control). |
| 7167 | 7851253 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) completed a measure of Attitude Toward Quitting Smoking, which assessed desire and confidence in ability to achieve cessation, and the Diabetes and Smoking Beliefs Questionnaire, which assessed beliefs regarding cigarettes and diabetes management. |
| 7168 | 7851270 | Abnormalities of pulmonary function tests have been described in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7169 | 7851680 | Arterial hypertension and poor glycaemic control are central to the development of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7170 | 7851680 | Between 1988 and 1990, we measured urinary albumin to creatinine concentration ratio (A/C) in 3,636 adult out-patients with IDDM of more than 3 years duration, serum creatinine under 133 mumol/l and who were not undergoing antihypertensive treatment. |
| 7171 | 7851680 | Arterial hypertension and poor glycaemic control are central to the development of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7172 | 7851680 | Between 1988 and 1990, we measured urinary albumin to creatinine concentration ratio (A/C) in 3,636 adult out-patients with IDDM of more than 3 years duration, serum creatinine under 133 mumol/l and who were not undergoing antihypertensive treatment. |
| 7173 | 7851685 | Abnormal vascular reactivity has been implicated in the aetiology of diabetic microvascular disease and we have previously demonstrated enhanced contractility of hand veins to noradrenaline in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 7174 | 7853767 | We present a 23-year-old woman with a 7-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who became pregnant. |
| 7175 | 7856654 | Severe and mild deformations in newborn infants of insulin dependent diabetic mothers (IDDMs) and control mothers were evaluated with respect to the types of anomalies and previously hypothesized constraint factors. |
| 7176 | 7858101 | Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7177 | 7858101 | To investigate a possible role for TNF in IDDM we compared endogenous TNF production in two lines of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, NOD/Lt and NOD/WEHI, that have a high and low incidence of diabetes, respectively. |
| 7178 | 7858101 | Plasma TNF-alpha was measured in 8 week-old female non-diabetic mice primed with 1000 units IV of murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) followed after 3 hours by 5 micrograms IV of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). |
| 7179 | 7858101 | A separate group of female NOD/Lt mice had IFN-gamma/LPS-stimulated plasma TNF-alpha measured at 10 weeks and were followed to age 30 weeks. |
| 7180 | 7858101 | These results suggest that endogenous TNF-alpha production may be a trait marker of IDDM susceptibility. |
| 7181 | 7858101 | Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7182 | 7858101 | To investigate a possible role for TNF in IDDM we compared endogenous TNF production in two lines of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, NOD/Lt and NOD/WEHI, that have a high and low incidence of diabetes, respectively. |
| 7183 | 7858101 | Plasma TNF-alpha was measured in 8 week-old female non-diabetic mice primed with 1000 units IV of murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) followed after 3 hours by 5 micrograms IV of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). |
| 7184 | 7858101 | A separate group of female NOD/Lt mice had IFN-gamma/LPS-stimulated plasma TNF-alpha measured at 10 weeks and were followed to age 30 weeks. |
| 7185 | 7858101 | These results suggest that endogenous TNF-alpha production may be a trait marker of IDDM susceptibility. |
| 7186 | 7858101 | Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7187 | 7858101 | To investigate a possible role for TNF in IDDM we compared endogenous TNF production in two lines of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, NOD/Lt and NOD/WEHI, that have a high and low incidence of diabetes, respectively. |
| 7188 | 7858101 | Plasma TNF-alpha was measured in 8 week-old female non-diabetic mice primed with 1000 units IV of murine interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) followed after 3 hours by 5 micrograms IV of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). |
| 7189 | 7858101 | A separate group of female NOD/Lt mice had IFN-gamma/LPS-stimulated plasma TNF-alpha measured at 10 weeks and were followed to age 30 weeks. |
| 7190 | 7858101 | These results suggest that endogenous TNF-alpha production may be a trait marker of IDDM susceptibility. |
| 7191 | 7858104 | Additive susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes conferred by HLA-DQB1 and insulin genes. |
| 7192 | 7858104 | Several genomic polymorphisms at the insulin (INS) gene and its flanking regions were analyzed in 197 unrelated Caucasian patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 159 ethnically matched, normal controls ascertained from the South-Eastern United States. |
| 7193 | 7858104 | However, the polymorphisms in the 5' and 3' regions flanking the INS were not significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 7194 | 7858104 | These results suggest that the IDDM susceptibility locus on chromosome 11p is located within the region extending from the 5' VNTR to the 3' end of the INS gene. |
| 7195 | 7858104 | We determined the HLA-DQB1 genotypes by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and/or sequence-specific primers (SSP) techniques to assess the possible interactions between INS and HLA. |
| 7196 | 7858104 | Additive susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes conferred by HLA-DQB1 and insulin genes. |
| 7197 | 7858104 | Several genomic polymorphisms at the insulin (INS) gene and its flanking regions were analyzed in 197 unrelated Caucasian patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 159 ethnically matched, normal controls ascertained from the South-Eastern United States. |
| 7198 | 7858104 | However, the polymorphisms in the 5' and 3' regions flanking the INS were not significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 7199 | 7858104 | These results suggest that the IDDM susceptibility locus on chromosome 11p is located within the region extending from the 5' VNTR to the 3' end of the INS gene. |
| 7200 | 7858104 | We determined the HLA-DQB1 genotypes by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and/or sequence-specific primers (SSP) techniques to assess the possible interactions between INS and HLA. |
| 7201 | 7858104 | Additive susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes conferred by HLA-DQB1 and insulin genes. |
| 7202 | 7858104 | Several genomic polymorphisms at the insulin (INS) gene and its flanking regions were analyzed in 197 unrelated Caucasian patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 159 ethnically matched, normal controls ascertained from the South-Eastern United States. |
| 7203 | 7858104 | However, the polymorphisms in the 5' and 3' regions flanking the INS were not significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 7204 | 7858104 | These results suggest that the IDDM susceptibility locus on chromosome 11p is located within the region extending from the 5' VNTR to the 3' end of the INS gene. |
| 7205 | 7858104 | We determined the HLA-DQB1 genotypes by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and/or sequence-specific primers (SSP) techniques to assess the possible interactions between INS and HLA. |
| 7206 | 7859592 | A surprising result is that this gene mutation is often observed in ICA-positive IDDM patients who were initially non-insulin-dependent, so called slowly progressive IDDM patients. |
| 7207 | 7859608 | We evaluated the plasma lipid levels of 3163 subjects including subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and normal glucose tolerance. |
| 7208 | 7859623 | Because of a small number of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) follow-up studies are difficult in Japan, and only one study was reported from the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International (DERI) Mortality Study Group. |
| 7209 | 7859639 | Although the HLA class II genes are clearly associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in all ethnic groups, considerable variation in the associated haplotypes is observed among the ethnic groups. |
| 7210 | 7859639 | The insulin gene region appeared to be of less value as a genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7211 | 7859639 | Although the HLA class II genes are clearly associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in all ethnic groups, considerable variation in the associated haplotypes is observed among the ethnic groups. |
| 7212 | 7859639 | The insulin gene region appeared to be of less value as a genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7213 | 7859641 | Subtype of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Japan: slowly progressive IDDM--the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of the syndrome. |
| 7214 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7215 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7216 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7217 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7218 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7219 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7220 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7221 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7222 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7223 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7224 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7225 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7226 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7227 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7228 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7229 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7230 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7231 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7232 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7233 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7234 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7235 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7236 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7237 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7238 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7239 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7240 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7241 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7242 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7243 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7244 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7245 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7246 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7247 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7248 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7249 | 7859640 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 64,000-Mr islet cell protein (64K) antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with and without autoimmune diseases in Japan. |
| 7250 | 7859640 | The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64KDa islet cell protein (64K antibodies) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) in Japanese IDDM patients with and without AID. |
| 7251 | 7859640 | In short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA were 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 82%, 64% and 82%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7252 | 7859640 | In long-standing diabetes (3-28 years), the prevalence of GAD antibodies were 76%, 48% and 33%, respectively, in IDDM patients with AID, and 48%, 28% and 16%, respectively, in patients without AID. |
| 7253 | 7859640 | The mean levels of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies and ICA in IDDM patients with AID was significantly higher than in those without AID. |
| 7254 | 7859640 | Furthermore, the prevalence of GAD antibodies were detected more frequently than ICA and 64K antibodies in long standing IDDM patients. |
| 7255 | 7859640 | Our results demonstrate that the prevalence of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients were as high as those reported in Caucasians, and high levels of GAD antibodies were observed in IDDM patients with AID. |
| 7256 | 7859638 | A multicenter study on HLA and autoimmunity in Japanese patients with early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): the JDS Study. |
| 7257 | 7859638 | The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) conducted a multicenter study on HLA and autoimmunity in Japanese patients with early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7258 | 7859638 | A multicenter study on HLA and autoimmunity in Japanese patients with early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): the JDS Study. |
| 7259 | 7859638 | The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) conducted a multicenter study on HLA and autoimmunity in Japanese patients with early-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7260 | 7859930 | Positional cloning of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been assisted by the expansion of molecular genetic tools and highly informative markers, so that new IDDM susceptibility genes are being uncovered. |
| 7261 | 7859942 | Regulation of postprandial whole-body proteolysis in insulin-deprived IDDM. |
| 7262 | 7859942 | To evaluate whether insulin is essential in the regulation of this process, we have investigated the effect of mixed-meal ingestion on whole-body protein breakdown in insulin-deprived insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and normal control subjects. |
| 7263 | 7859942 | During meal ingestion, endogenous phenylalanine and leucine Ra values were suppressed in both the insulin-deficient IDDM (P < 0.05) and control subjects (P < 0.05). |
| 7264 | 7859942 | Regulation of postprandial whole-body proteolysis in insulin-deprived IDDM. |
| 7265 | 7859942 | To evaluate whether insulin is essential in the regulation of this process, we have investigated the effect of mixed-meal ingestion on whole-body protein breakdown in insulin-deprived insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and normal control subjects. |
| 7266 | 7859942 | During meal ingestion, endogenous phenylalanine and leucine Ra values were suppressed in both the insulin-deficient IDDM (P < 0.05) and control subjects (P < 0.05). |
| 7267 | 7859942 | Regulation of postprandial whole-body proteolysis in insulin-deprived IDDM. |
| 7268 | 7859942 | To evaluate whether insulin is essential in the regulation of this process, we have investigated the effect of mixed-meal ingestion on whole-body protein breakdown in insulin-deprived insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and normal control subjects. |
| 7269 | 7859942 | During meal ingestion, endogenous phenylalanine and leucine Ra values were suppressed in both the insulin-deficient IDDM (P < 0.05) and control subjects (P < 0.05). |
| 7270 | 7860729 | The participation of IL-2 in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (IDDM) was analyzed in transgenic (tg) mice expressing the nucleoprotein (NP) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and IL-2 under control of the rat insulin promoter focally in beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7271 | 7860729 | Insertion and expression of the viral (self) gene or of the IL-2 gene alone did not lead to IDDM. |
| 7272 | 7860729 | Infiltration primarily of CD4 and B lymphocytes and increased expression of MHC class I and II molecules occurred in islets where IL-2 was expressed. |
| 7273 | 7860729 | In contrast, viral inoculum to single tg mice expressing either the viral protein or IL-2 failed to enhance the incidence of IDDM over 30% for viral protein or 10% for IL-2 after an 8-mo observation period. |
| 7274 | 7860729 | The participation of IL-2 in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (IDDM) was analyzed in transgenic (tg) mice expressing the nucleoprotein (NP) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and IL-2 under control of the rat insulin promoter focally in beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7275 | 7860729 | Insertion and expression of the viral (self) gene or of the IL-2 gene alone did not lead to IDDM. |
| 7276 | 7860729 | Infiltration primarily of CD4 and B lymphocytes and increased expression of MHC class I and II molecules occurred in islets where IL-2 was expressed. |
| 7277 | 7860729 | In contrast, viral inoculum to single tg mice expressing either the viral protein or IL-2 failed to enhance the incidence of IDDM over 30% for viral protein or 10% for IL-2 after an 8-mo observation period. |
| 7278 | 7860729 | The participation of IL-2 in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes (IDDM) was analyzed in transgenic (tg) mice expressing the nucleoprotein (NP) of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and IL-2 under control of the rat insulin promoter focally in beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7279 | 7860729 | Insertion and expression of the viral (self) gene or of the IL-2 gene alone did not lead to IDDM. |
| 7280 | 7860729 | Infiltration primarily of CD4 and B lymphocytes and increased expression of MHC class I and II molecules occurred in islets where IL-2 was expressed. |
| 7281 | 7860729 | In contrast, viral inoculum to single tg mice expressing either the viral protein or IL-2 failed to enhance the incidence of IDDM over 30% for viral protein or 10% for IL-2 after an 8-mo observation period. |
| 7282 | 7860761 | Hepatic glycogen concentration was measured in six subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine weight-matched control subjects using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy during a day in which three isocaloric mixed meals were ingested. |
| 7283 | 7861711 | In other respects, such as sex ratio, age, body mass index, duration of IDDM, hemoglobin A1c, and normotensive systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (BP), these subgroups were closely matched. |
| 7284 | 7861711 | Plasma renin concentration was determined by a direct radioimmunoassay method (Sanofi-Pasteur) and found to be virtually the same in the control and IDDM adolescents as a whole. |
| 7285 | 7861711 | In other respects, such as sex ratio, age, body mass index, duration of IDDM, hemoglobin A1c, and normotensive systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (BP), these subgroups were closely matched. |
| 7286 | 7861711 | Plasma renin concentration was determined by a direct radioimmunoassay method (Sanofi-Pasteur) and found to be virtually the same in the control and IDDM adolescents as a whole. |
| 7287 | 7865259 | Thirty-three southern Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied. |
| 7288 | 7867216 | We studied 12 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 14 men with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 26 age-matched healthy men on the same diet. |
| 7289 | 7867882 | The transmission of HLA-DR and DQ was compared between 46 families with at least one child affected by insulin dependent diabetes mellitis (IDDM) and 43 healthy control families. |
| 7290 | 7867883 | Sera obtained at diagnosis from 273 children (0-14 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied to compare different autoantibody levels. |
| 7291 | 7867883 | Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase were measured by radioimmunoprecipitation, insulin autoantibodies (on 176 sera collected within 4 days of initiation of insulin therapy) by radioimmunoassay, thyroid peroxidase and antigliadin IgA antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and anti-endomysial IgA and islet cell antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. |
| 7292 | 7867883 | Of the sera 69% were positive for anti-glutamate decarboxylase, 65% for insulin autoantibodies, 71% for islet cell antibodies (> or = 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units), 10% for anti-thyroid peroxidase, 2.6% for antigliadin and 3.0% for anti-endomysial antibodies. |
| 7293 | 7867885 | To investigate the impact of diabetic mothers on the maturation of the immune system in their offspring, immunophenotypic markers of major lymphocyte subpopulations were evaluated by two-colour flow cytometric analysis in 160 healthy children of diabetic mothers (100 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): 48 with gestational diabetes), including 22 neonates, 45 infants aged 8-12 months, 46 children aged 1-2 years, 29 children aged 3-6 years and 18 children aged 7-17 years. |
| 7294 | 7867888 | Association of polymorphism in the interferon gamma gene with IDDM. |
| 7295 | 7867888 | Cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7296 | 7867888 | We analysed a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the first intron of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) gene in Japanese diabetic patients (175 IDDM and 145 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 267 control subjects. |
| 7297 | 7867888 | The alleles "3" and "6" were increased in the IDDM patients, and a significant increase in the frequency of the "3/6" genotype was observed in the IDDM patient group (9.1%, RR 2.9, p = 0.010), in the patients with initial insulin therapy less than 1 year from onset (10.6%, RR 3.4, p = 0.004), or in the young-onset patients (16.7%, RR 5.7, p = 0.0003) in comparison to the control subjects (3.4%). |
| 7298 | 7867888 | These results suggest that the IFN-gamma gene region may contribute to the pathogenesis of IDDM and could be a genetic marker for IDDM. |
| 7299 | 7867888 | Association of polymorphism in the interferon gamma gene with IDDM. |
| 7300 | 7867888 | Cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7301 | 7867888 | We analysed a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the first intron of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) gene in Japanese diabetic patients (175 IDDM and 145 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 267 control subjects. |
| 7302 | 7867888 | The alleles "3" and "6" were increased in the IDDM patients, and a significant increase in the frequency of the "3/6" genotype was observed in the IDDM patient group (9.1%, RR 2.9, p = 0.010), in the patients with initial insulin therapy less than 1 year from onset (10.6%, RR 3.4, p = 0.004), or in the young-onset patients (16.7%, RR 5.7, p = 0.0003) in comparison to the control subjects (3.4%). |
| 7303 | 7867888 | These results suggest that the IFN-gamma gene region may contribute to the pathogenesis of IDDM and could be a genetic marker for IDDM. |
| 7304 | 7867888 | Association of polymorphism in the interferon gamma gene with IDDM. |
| 7305 | 7867888 | Cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7306 | 7867888 | We analysed a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the first intron of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) gene in Japanese diabetic patients (175 IDDM and 145 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 267 control subjects. |
| 7307 | 7867888 | The alleles "3" and "6" were increased in the IDDM patients, and a significant increase in the frequency of the "3/6" genotype was observed in the IDDM patient group (9.1%, RR 2.9, p = 0.010), in the patients with initial insulin therapy less than 1 year from onset (10.6%, RR 3.4, p = 0.004), or in the young-onset patients (16.7%, RR 5.7, p = 0.0003) in comparison to the control subjects (3.4%). |
| 7308 | 7867888 | These results suggest that the IFN-gamma gene region may contribute to the pathogenesis of IDDM and could be a genetic marker for IDDM. |
| 7309 | 7867888 | Association of polymorphism in the interferon gamma gene with IDDM. |
| 7310 | 7867888 | Cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7311 | 7867888 | We analysed a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the first intron of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) gene in Japanese diabetic patients (175 IDDM and 145 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 267 control subjects. |
| 7312 | 7867888 | The alleles "3" and "6" were increased in the IDDM patients, and a significant increase in the frequency of the "3/6" genotype was observed in the IDDM patient group (9.1%, RR 2.9, p = 0.010), in the patients with initial insulin therapy less than 1 year from onset (10.6%, RR 3.4, p = 0.004), or in the young-onset patients (16.7%, RR 5.7, p = 0.0003) in comparison to the control subjects (3.4%). |
| 7313 | 7867888 | These results suggest that the IFN-gamma gene region may contribute to the pathogenesis of IDDM and could be a genetic marker for IDDM. |
| 7314 | 7867888 | Association of polymorphism in the interferon gamma gene with IDDM. |
| 7315 | 7867888 | Cytokines may play important roles in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7316 | 7867888 | We analysed a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism within the first intron of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) gene in Japanese diabetic patients (175 IDDM and 145 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 267 control subjects. |
| 7317 | 7867888 | The alleles "3" and "6" were increased in the IDDM patients, and a significant increase in the frequency of the "3/6" genotype was observed in the IDDM patient group (9.1%, RR 2.9, p = 0.010), in the patients with initial insulin therapy less than 1 year from onset (10.6%, RR 3.4, p = 0.004), or in the young-onset patients (16.7%, RR 5.7, p = 0.0003) in comparison to the control subjects (3.4%). |
| 7318 | 7867888 | These results suggest that the IFN-gamma gene region may contribute to the pathogenesis of IDDM and could be a genetic marker for IDDM. |
| 7319 | 7868915 | Beta-cell-cytotoxic CD8+ T cells from nonobese diabetic mice use highly homologous T cell receptor alpha-chain CDR3 sequences. |
| 7320 | 7868915 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice results from a cell-mediated autoimmune process against pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 7321 | 7868915 | We have shown that beta-cell-cytotoxic CD8+ T cell clones can transfer IDDM to irradiated NOD mice if co-injected with nondiabetogenic CD4+ spleen T cells. |
| 7322 | 7868915 | To determine whether CTLs recruited to pancreatic islets recognize a restricted set of local Ags, we sequenced TCR-alpha and TCR-beta cDNA generated by anchor PCR from CD8+ CTL lines and clones derived from islets of 10 different NOD mice. |
| 7323 | 7868915 | By contrast, none of 31 different TCR-alpha rearrangements used by CD8+ spleen T cells encoded motifs 1 or 2, and only one encoded motif 3. |
| 7324 | 7868915 | Skewed TCR-alpha-CDR3 usage by islet-derived CTLs was substantiated further by isolation of CTL clones transcribing highly homologous TCR-alpha, but different TCR-beta, rearrangements. |
| 7325 | 7868915 | Beta-cell-cytotoxic CD8+ T cells from nonobese diabetic mice use highly homologous T cell receptor alpha-chain CDR3 sequences. |
| 7326 | 7868915 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice results from a cell-mediated autoimmune process against pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 7327 | 7868915 | We have shown that beta-cell-cytotoxic CD8+ T cell clones can transfer IDDM to irradiated NOD mice if co-injected with nondiabetogenic CD4+ spleen T cells. |
| 7328 | 7868915 | To determine whether CTLs recruited to pancreatic islets recognize a restricted set of local Ags, we sequenced TCR-alpha and TCR-beta cDNA generated by anchor PCR from CD8+ CTL lines and clones derived from islets of 10 different NOD mice. |
| 7329 | 7868915 | By contrast, none of 31 different TCR-alpha rearrangements used by CD8+ spleen T cells encoded motifs 1 or 2, and only one encoded motif 3. |
| 7330 | 7868915 | Skewed TCR-alpha-CDR3 usage by islet-derived CTLs was substantiated further by isolation of CTL clones transcribing highly homologous TCR-alpha, but different TCR-beta, rearrangements. |
| 7331 | 7868970 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated plasma triglyceride levels that normalize after insulin administration. |
| 7332 | 7871524 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the major histocompatibility complex peptide transporters TAP1 and TAP2: no association in a population with a high disease incidence. |
| 7333 | 7871524 | Although many studies have established an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), it has been difficult to assign susceptibility to a single locus. |
| 7334 | 7871524 | Recently, two antigen-processing genes, TAP1 and TAP2, have been identified within the region. |
| 7335 | 7871524 | To further investigate this question, we have characterized TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in 129 IDDM patients from Sardinia, a population with limited genetic heterogeneity and a high disease incidence. |
| 7336 | 7871524 | Further analysis suggested that TAP2C was in LD with HLA-DRB1*1401 and subtypes of HLA-DRB1*11, alleles which were not observed in the IDDM population. |
| 7337 | 7871524 | Our data supports the conclusion that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM, and that previously reported associations may be due to LD with other class II loci. |
| 7338 | 7871524 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the major histocompatibility complex peptide transporters TAP1 and TAP2: no association in a population with a high disease incidence. |
| 7339 | 7871524 | Although many studies have established an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), it has been difficult to assign susceptibility to a single locus. |
| 7340 | 7871524 | Recently, two antigen-processing genes, TAP1 and TAP2, have been identified within the region. |
| 7341 | 7871524 | To further investigate this question, we have characterized TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in 129 IDDM patients from Sardinia, a population with limited genetic heterogeneity and a high disease incidence. |
| 7342 | 7871524 | Further analysis suggested that TAP2C was in LD with HLA-DRB1*1401 and subtypes of HLA-DRB1*11, alleles which were not observed in the IDDM population. |
| 7343 | 7871524 | Our data supports the conclusion that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM, and that previously reported associations may be due to LD with other class II loci. |
| 7344 | 7871524 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the major histocompatibility complex peptide transporters TAP1 and TAP2: no association in a population with a high disease incidence. |
| 7345 | 7871524 | Although many studies have established an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), it has been difficult to assign susceptibility to a single locus. |
| 7346 | 7871524 | Recently, two antigen-processing genes, TAP1 and TAP2, have been identified within the region. |
| 7347 | 7871524 | To further investigate this question, we have characterized TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in 129 IDDM patients from Sardinia, a population with limited genetic heterogeneity and a high disease incidence. |
| 7348 | 7871524 | Further analysis suggested that TAP2C was in LD with HLA-DRB1*1401 and subtypes of HLA-DRB1*11, alleles which were not observed in the IDDM population. |
| 7349 | 7871524 | Our data supports the conclusion that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM, and that previously reported associations may be due to LD with other class II loci. |
| 7350 | 7871524 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the major histocompatibility complex peptide transporters TAP1 and TAP2: no association in a population with a high disease incidence. |
| 7351 | 7871524 | Although many studies have established an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC), it has been difficult to assign susceptibility to a single locus. |
| 7352 | 7871524 | Recently, two antigen-processing genes, TAP1 and TAP2, have been identified within the region. |
| 7353 | 7871524 | To further investigate this question, we have characterized TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in 129 IDDM patients from Sardinia, a population with limited genetic heterogeneity and a high disease incidence. |
| 7354 | 7871524 | Further analysis suggested that TAP2C was in LD with HLA-DRB1*1401 and subtypes of HLA-DRB1*11, alleles which were not observed in the IDDM population. |
| 7355 | 7871524 | Our data supports the conclusion that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM, and that previously reported associations may be due to LD with other class II loci. |
| 7356 | 7875045 | Sodium-lithium countertransport and blood pressure responses, maximal elevated plasma norepinephrine concentrations induced by acute physical work load and the carbohydrate metabolic state were analyzed in 40 children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7357 | 7875651 | Basal and maximal Ca2+ ATPase activity was studied in erythrocytes of 29 healthy controls, 15 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 22 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7358 | 7875651 | Basal and maximal Ca2+ ATPase activity was significantly decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (8.4 +/- 0.5 and 22.5 +/- 1.1 pmol/10(6) RBC/min) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (7.3 +/- 1.0 and 18.6 +/- 1.8 pmol/10(6) RBC/min) compared to healthy controls (9.3 +/- 1.0 and 24.6 +/- 1.1 pmol/10(6) RBC/min). |
| 7359 | 7877409 | This study was designed to evaluate microangiopathic changes of the inner ear associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and concurrent moderate-intensity noise exposure. |
| 7360 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 7361 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 7362 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 7363 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 7364 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 7365 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 7366 | 7883114 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from a T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 7367 | 7883114 | The results demonstrate that peripheral blood T-cells reacting with a beta-cell membrane preparation enriched for insulin-secretory granule antigen were detectable in the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients (27 of 40 [67%]; mean stimulation index [SI] 37.0). |
| 7368 | 7883114 | These results imply that T-cell recognition of insulin-secretory granule antigens is associated with IDDM and in particular with the immune-mediated process of beta-cell destruction. |
| 7369 | 7883117 | Offspring of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a much lower risk of IDDM than do offspring of diabetic fathers, and this risk is particularly low for offspring born to diabetic mothers over the age of 25 years. |
| 7370 | 7883124 | T-cells have been shown to cause insulitis and ultimately be responsible for the destruction of beta-cells in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7371 | 7883841 | Patients with adult-onset Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are more difficult to identify than young patients, as their clinical onset is often less acute with a questionable state of insulin dependency. |
| 7372 | 7883841 | Sera from 312 recent-onset IDDM patients under age 40 and 163 age-matched controls were assayed for IAA, ICA, and antibodies against recombinant GAD65 (M(r) 65,000) or GAD67 (M(r) 67,000). |
| 7373 | 7883841 | Patients with adult-onset Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are more difficult to identify than young patients, as their clinical onset is often less acute with a questionable state of insulin dependency. |
| 7374 | 7883841 | Sera from 312 recent-onset IDDM patients under age 40 and 163 age-matched controls were assayed for IAA, ICA, and antibodies against recombinant GAD65 (M(r) 65,000) or GAD67 (M(r) 67,000). |
| 7375 | 7888036 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64 kDa islet cell protein and islet cell antibodies (ICA) were measured in 79 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7376 | 7888036 | However, in a subset of these patients with recent onset IDDM (< 1 year) the prevalences of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies, and ICA were 78.8% (26/33), 66.7% (22/33), and 78.8% (26/33), respectively. |
| 7377 | 7888036 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), autoantibodies to 64 kDa islet cell protein and islet cell antibodies (ICA) were measured in 79 Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7378 | 7888036 | However, in a subset of these patients with recent onset IDDM (< 1 year) the prevalences of GAD antibodies, 64K antibodies, and ICA were 78.8% (26/33), 66.7% (22/33), and 78.8% (26/33), respectively. |
| 7379 | 7888043 | To determine whether the predictive value of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) is increased by measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) in first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GADAb in those developing IDDM and in relatives found to be ICA- or IAA-positive in our family screening study. |
| 7380 | 7888043 | Significant inhibition of GAD enzymatic activity by serum immunoglobulins, a potential cause of false-negative results in our immunoprecipitation assay, was not detected in seven subjects who developed IDDM in the absence of GADAb. |
| 7381 | 7888043 | To determine whether the predictive value of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) is increased by measurement of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) in first-degree relatives of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GADAb in those developing IDDM and in relatives found to be ICA- or IAA-positive in our family screening study. |
| 7382 | 7888043 | Significant inhibition of GAD enzymatic activity by serum immunoglobulins, a potential cause of false-negative results in our immunoprecipitation assay, was not detected in seven subjects who developed IDDM in the absence of GADAb. |
| 7383 | 7889411 | We developed two distinct transgenic mouse models in which virus induced insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7384 | 7889411 | By contrast, induction of an anti-self (anti-viral) CD8+ CTL response to the same virus later in life caused IDDM (incidence < 90%) in both transgenic lines, although the kinetics and requirements for CD4 help, the affinity and avidity of CD8+ CTL differed in each line. |
| 7385 | 7889411 | CD4+ T cells played no detectable role, since their depletion failed to alter either the kinetics or incidence of IDDM. |
| 7386 | 7889411 | Disease was dependent on T cell help, since deletion of CD4+ cells completely circumvented the IDDM. |
| 7387 | 7889411 | We developed two distinct transgenic mouse models in which virus induced insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7388 | 7889411 | By contrast, induction of an anti-self (anti-viral) CD8+ CTL response to the same virus later in life caused IDDM (incidence < 90%) in both transgenic lines, although the kinetics and requirements for CD4 help, the affinity and avidity of CD8+ CTL differed in each line. |
| 7389 | 7889411 | CD4+ T cells played no detectable role, since their depletion failed to alter either the kinetics or incidence of IDDM. |
| 7390 | 7889411 | Disease was dependent on T cell help, since deletion of CD4+ cells completely circumvented the IDDM. |
| 7391 | 7889411 | We developed two distinct transgenic mouse models in which virus induced insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7392 | 7889411 | By contrast, induction of an anti-self (anti-viral) CD8+ CTL response to the same virus later in life caused IDDM (incidence < 90%) in both transgenic lines, although the kinetics and requirements for CD4 help, the affinity and avidity of CD8+ CTL differed in each line. |
| 7393 | 7889411 | CD4+ T cells played no detectable role, since their depletion failed to alter either the kinetics or incidence of IDDM. |
| 7394 | 7889411 | Disease was dependent on T cell help, since deletion of CD4+ cells completely circumvented the IDDM. |
| 7395 | 7889411 | We developed two distinct transgenic mouse models in which virus induced insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7396 | 7889411 | By contrast, induction of an anti-self (anti-viral) CD8+ CTL response to the same virus later in life caused IDDM (incidence < 90%) in both transgenic lines, although the kinetics and requirements for CD4 help, the affinity and avidity of CD8+ CTL differed in each line. |
| 7397 | 7889411 | CD4+ T cells played no detectable role, since their depletion failed to alter either the kinetics or incidence of IDDM. |
| 7398 | 7889411 | Disease was dependent on T cell help, since deletion of CD4+ cells completely circumvented the IDDM. |
| 7399 | 7891966 | Intensive insulin therapy delays the onset and progression of microvascular complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7400 | 7891966 | Current standards for glycemic control during pregnancy in IDDM women require intensive insulin therapy to optimize pregnancy outcome. |
| 7401 | 7891966 | Therefore, obstetricians and gynecologists providing prenatal care for women with IDDM should be aware that intensive insulin therapy predisposes these patients to the significant risks of severe hypoglycemia. |
| 7402 | 7891966 | Intensive insulin therapy delays the onset and progression of microvascular complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7403 | 7891966 | Current standards for glycemic control during pregnancy in IDDM women require intensive insulin therapy to optimize pregnancy outcome. |
| 7404 | 7891966 | Therefore, obstetricians and gynecologists providing prenatal care for women with IDDM should be aware that intensive insulin therapy predisposes these patients to the significant risks of severe hypoglycemia. |
| 7405 | 7891966 | Intensive insulin therapy delays the onset and progression of microvascular complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7406 | 7891966 | Current standards for glycemic control during pregnancy in IDDM women require intensive insulin therapy to optimize pregnancy outcome. |
| 7407 | 7891966 | Therefore, obstetricians and gynecologists providing prenatal care for women with IDDM should be aware that intensive insulin therapy predisposes these patients to the significant risks of severe hypoglycemia. |
| 7408 | 7894522 | Although weight gain often accompanies intensive treatment regimens designed to achieve near-normal glycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), body composition (BC) has not been well studied. |
| 7409 | 7897991 | We have conducted vitreous fluorophotometry in 32 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, who did not reveal any pathological changes in ophthalmoscopic examination. |
| 7410 | 7899179 | One hundred forty-eight children, aged 11.9 +/- 3.7 years, who had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for 4.5 +/- 3.7 years and glycosylated Hb values (HbA1) of 10.5% +/- 4.5%, were examined for limited joint mobility (LJM) and lipodystrophy. |
| 7411 | 7899460 | Rats with a PBLC > 4,200 mm3 have a much lower incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are designated "nonlymphopenic" or BBNL. |
| 7412 | 7899460 | In separate cohorts of normoglycemic (prediabetic) BBL rats (high risk for developing diabetes) and BBNL rats (low risk for developing diabetes), the activities of pancreatic cytosolic antioxidant enzymes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were determined. |
| 7413 | 7901527 | Pancreas transplantation prevents or retards development of early diabetic glomerular lesions in renal allografts transplanted to patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but its effect on established renal lesions in native kidneys of such patients is unknown. |
| 7414 | 7901896 | Polymorphic analysis of the human MHC-linked heat shock protein 70 (HSP70-2) and HSP70-Hom genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7415 | 7901896 | In the present study we characterized the frequencies of two polymorphisms within the MHC-linked heat shock protein (HSP) 70 genes in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 114) and healthy control individuals (n = 110). |
| 7416 | 7901896 | However, for the HSP70-2 polymorphisms this was solely due to linkage disequilibrium with DR3. |
| 7417 | 7901896 | The rate HSP70-Hom 2-allele was significantly more frequent in controls than in patients. |
| 7418 | 7901896 | It showed strong association with certain tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (class III) and HLA-B and -A (class I) alleles independent of HLA-DQ and -DR alleles. |
| 7419 | 7901896 | By typing 257 individuals from 55 IDDM multiple-case families two extended MHC-haplotypes, including class II-, TNF- and class I-markers, carrying the rare HSP70-Hom allele were defined. |
| 7420 | 7901896 | The functional implication of the polymorphism in the heat shock-inducible HSP70-2 gene was analysed by studying HSP70-2 mRNA expression after heat shock in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with different HSP70-2 genotypes. |
| 7421 | 7901896 | Polymorphic analysis of the human MHC-linked heat shock protein 70 (HSP70-2) and HSP70-Hom genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7422 | 7901896 | In the present study we characterized the frequencies of two polymorphisms within the MHC-linked heat shock protein (HSP) 70 genes in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 114) and healthy control individuals (n = 110). |
| 7423 | 7901896 | However, for the HSP70-2 polymorphisms this was solely due to linkage disequilibrium with DR3. |
| 7424 | 7901896 | The rate HSP70-Hom 2-allele was significantly more frequent in controls than in patients. |
| 7425 | 7901896 | It showed strong association with certain tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (class III) and HLA-B and -A (class I) alleles independent of HLA-DQ and -DR alleles. |
| 7426 | 7901896 | By typing 257 individuals from 55 IDDM multiple-case families two extended MHC-haplotypes, including class II-, TNF- and class I-markers, carrying the rare HSP70-Hom allele were defined. |
| 7427 | 7901896 | The functional implication of the polymorphism in the heat shock-inducible HSP70-2 gene was analysed by studying HSP70-2 mRNA expression after heat shock in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with different HSP70-2 genotypes. |
| 7428 | 7901896 | Polymorphic analysis of the human MHC-linked heat shock protein 70 (HSP70-2) and HSP70-Hom genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7429 | 7901896 | In the present study we characterized the frequencies of two polymorphisms within the MHC-linked heat shock protein (HSP) 70 genes in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 114) and healthy control individuals (n = 110). |
| 7430 | 7901896 | However, for the HSP70-2 polymorphisms this was solely due to linkage disequilibrium with DR3. |
| 7431 | 7901896 | The rate HSP70-Hom 2-allele was significantly more frequent in controls than in patients. |
| 7432 | 7901896 | It showed strong association with certain tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (class III) and HLA-B and -A (class I) alleles independent of HLA-DQ and -DR alleles. |
| 7433 | 7901896 | By typing 257 individuals from 55 IDDM multiple-case families two extended MHC-haplotypes, including class II-, TNF- and class I-markers, carrying the rare HSP70-Hom allele were defined. |
| 7434 | 7901896 | The functional implication of the polymorphism in the heat shock-inducible HSP70-2 gene was analysed by studying HSP70-2 mRNA expression after heat shock in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from individuals with different HSP70-2 genotypes. |
| 7435 | 7903260 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is greatly influenced by polymorphisms in the genes of the class II region of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. |
| 7436 | 7903260 | Because the recently discovered transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and large multifunctional protease (LMP) genes are encoded in the HLA class II region and are implicated in the processing of antigenic proteins for presentation by HLA class I molecules, they are additional candidates for a role in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 7437 | 7903260 | We have analyzed genomic and coding sequence polymorphisms in the LMP2, TAP1, and TAP2 genes of 77 Danish IDDM patients and 102 control subjects. |
| 7438 | 7903260 | Although patients and control subjects did not differ in TAP1 and LMP2 alleles, we found a striking absence of the TAP2 allele B (long form) in IDDM patients. |
| 7439 | 7903260 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is greatly influenced by polymorphisms in the genes of the class II region of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. |
| 7440 | 7903260 | Because the recently discovered transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and large multifunctional protease (LMP) genes are encoded in the HLA class II region and are implicated in the processing of antigenic proteins for presentation by HLA class I molecules, they are additional candidates for a role in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 7441 | 7903260 | We have analyzed genomic and coding sequence polymorphisms in the LMP2, TAP1, and TAP2 genes of 77 Danish IDDM patients and 102 control subjects. |
| 7442 | 7903260 | Although patients and control subjects did not differ in TAP1 and LMP2 alleles, we found a striking absence of the TAP2 allele B (long form) in IDDM patients. |
| 7443 | 7903260 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is greatly influenced by polymorphisms in the genes of the class II region of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. |
| 7444 | 7903260 | Because the recently discovered transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and large multifunctional protease (LMP) genes are encoded in the HLA class II region and are implicated in the processing of antigenic proteins for presentation by HLA class I molecules, they are additional candidates for a role in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 7445 | 7903260 | We have analyzed genomic and coding sequence polymorphisms in the LMP2, TAP1, and TAP2 genes of 77 Danish IDDM patients and 102 control subjects. |
| 7446 | 7903260 | Although patients and control subjects did not differ in TAP1 and LMP2 alleles, we found a striking absence of the TAP2 allele B (long form) in IDDM patients. |
| 7447 | 7903260 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is greatly influenced by polymorphisms in the genes of the class II region of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. |
| 7448 | 7903260 | Because the recently discovered transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) and large multifunctional protease (LMP) genes are encoded in the HLA class II region and are implicated in the processing of antigenic proteins for presentation by HLA class I molecules, they are additional candidates for a role in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 7449 | 7903260 | We have analyzed genomic and coding sequence polymorphisms in the LMP2, TAP1, and TAP2 genes of 77 Danish IDDM patients and 102 control subjects. |
| 7450 | 7903260 | Although patients and control subjects did not differ in TAP1 and LMP2 alleles, we found a striking absence of the TAP2 allele B (long form) in IDDM patients. |
| 7451 | 7903490 | Analysis of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes in Mexican Americans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7452 | 7903490 | Mexican American patients (n = 35) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and control subjects (n = 39) were HLA-DQA and DQB typed by the polymerase chain reaction technique combined with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. |
| 7453 | 7907681 | NOD mice spontaneously develop autoimmune diabetes that mimics insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in man. |
| 7454 | 7909524 | In search of genetic determinants of susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy, we examined the association between DNA sequence differences at the locus of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and renal complications in 151 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with a diabetes duration of 16-21 years. |
| 7455 | 7910881 | We have done a study designed to ascertain the effectiveness of measuring antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) in predicting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7456 | 7910881 | Anti-GAD was detected in 82% of 28 women with IDDM, in 36% of 11 women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and in 5% of 112 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. |
| 7457 | 7910881 | We have done a study designed to ascertain the effectiveness of measuring antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) in predicting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7458 | 7910881 | Anti-GAD was detected in 82% of 28 women with IDDM, in 36% of 11 women with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and in 5% of 112 women with gestational diabetes mellitus. |
| 7459 | 7911918 | Soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7460 | 7911918 | We have described elevated concentrations of cICAM-1 in subjects at risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compared with recent-onset IDDM patients and healthy controls. |
| 7461 | 7911918 | Autoreactive T-cell proliferation was suppressed by monoclonal antibodies directed against ICAM-1 or lymphocyte-function antigen-1 (LFA-1). |
| 7462 | 7911918 | Thus, naturally circulating ICAM-1 may downregulate inflammation in subjects at risk of developing IDDM. |
| 7463 | 7911918 | Soluble forms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7464 | 7911918 | We have described elevated concentrations of cICAM-1 in subjects at risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compared with recent-onset IDDM patients and healthy controls. |
| 7465 | 7911918 | Autoreactive T-cell proliferation was suppressed by monoclonal antibodies directed against ICAM-1 or lymphocyte-function antigen-1 (LFA-1). |
| 7466 | 7911918 | Thus, naturally circulating ICAM-1 may downregulate inflammation in subjects at risk of developing IDDM. |
| 7467 | 7911924 | To find the dominant epitopes of a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we studied the reactivity of peripheral blood T lymphocytes with peptides covering both major isoforms. |
| 7468 | 7911924 | A significant response to GAD 65 or GAD 67 peptides was detected in 13 of 15 IDDM patients and in 9 of 10 normal controls. |
| 7469 | 7911924 | T-cell responses to GAD 67 peptides were similar in IDDM patients and controls. |
| 7470 | 7911924 | T lymphocytes from IDDM patients recognise a distinct dominant epitope of GAD, which may be an important target for the disease process. |
| 7471 | 7911924 | To find the dominant epitopes of a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we studied the reactivity of peripheral blood T lymphocytes with peptides covering both major isoforms. |
| 7472 | 7911924 | A significant response to GAD 65 or GAD 67 peptides was detected in 13 of 15 IDDM patients and in 9 of 10 normal controls. |
| 7473 | 7911924 | T-cell responses to GAD 67 peptides were similar in IDDM patients and controls. |
| 7474 | 7911924 | T lymphocytes from IDDM patients recognise a distinct dominant epitope of GAD, which may be an important target for the disease process. |
| 7475 | 7911924 | To find the dominant epitopes of a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we studied the reactivity of peripheral blood T lymphocytes with peptides covering both major isoforms. |
| 7476 | 7911924 | A significant response to GAD 65 or GAD 67 peptides was detected in 13 of 15 IDDM patients and in 9 of 10 normal controls. |
| 7477 | 7911924 | T-cell responses to GAD 67 peptides were similar in IDDM patients and controls. |
| 7478 | 7911924 | T lymphocytes from IDDM patients recognise a distinct dominant epitope of GAD, which may be an important target for the disease process. |
| 7479 | 7911924 | To find the dominant epitopes of a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), we studied the reactivity of peripheral blood T lymphocytes with peptides covering both major isoforms. |
| 7480 | 7911924 | A significant response to GAD 65 or GAD 67 peptides was detected in 13 of 15 IDDM patients and in 9 of 10 normal controls. |
| 7481 | 7911924 | T-cell responses to GAD 67 peptides were similar in IDDM patients and controls. |
| 7482 | 7911924 | T lymphocytes from IDDM patients recognise a distinct dominant epitope of GAD, which may be an important target for the disease process. |
| 7483 | 7912208 | We examined the pancreases from three nondiabetic, autoimmune, polyendocrine patients with islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies who died without developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7484 | 7912208 | None had whole islet ICA or antibodies to the non-GAD-derived 37k islet antigen, which appear to be more closely associated with IDDM than antibodies to GAD. |
| 7485 | 7912208 | We examined the pancreases from three nondiabetic, autoimmune, polyendocrine patients with islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies who died without developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7486 | 7912208 | None had whole islet ICA or antibodies to the non-GAD-derived 37k islet antigen, which appear to be more closely associated with IDDM than antibodies to GAD. |
| 7487 | 7913115 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in which only the pancreatic beta cells are destroyed by the autoimmune response, is the paradigm of organ-specific autoimmunity. |
| 7488 | 7913115 | The analysis of the correlation between class I overexpression, residual insulin, and insulitis suggests that the first event is the increase of HLA class I expression. |
| 7489 | 7913115 | Of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VLA, VCAM, and LFA-3 were normal and only ICAM-1 was moderately overexpressed in and around the islets of case 1 insulitis, as was detected by immunofluorescence which showed that 18% of the islets of case 1 had CD8+ lymphocytes as the predominant population. |
| 7490 | 7913115 | Reverse transcription-PCR demonstrated moderate V beta skewing and the profile of cytokines expected in CTLs: IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-gamma negative, perforin positive. |
| 7491 | 7913115 | In addition, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IL-6 transcripts were detected in the case 1 pancreas, consistent with the existence of a silent viral infection. |
| 7492 | 7915204 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and mouse models is caused by a T cell-mediated destruction of the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7493 | 7915204 | One such pair of molecules thought to be of importance in IDDM is lymphocyte function-related antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) because culture of islet cells with cytokines results in the expression of ICAM-1 on islet cells in vitro. |
| 7494 | 7915204 | To understand the importance of this interaction in the development of autoimmune diabetes, we have studied the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against LFA-1 and/or ICAM-1 to prevent disease in multidose streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (MDSDM). |
| 7495 | 7915204 | Treatment with the anti-LFA-1 and anti-ICAM-1 mAbs caused modulation of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression on splenocytes, respectively. |
| 7496 | 7915204 | Thus, interaction between ICAM-1 and LFA-1 is involved in the development of autoimmune diabetes in MDSDM. |
| 7497 | 7915204 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and mouse models is caused by a T cell-mediated destruction of the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7498 | 7915204 | One such pair of molecules thought to be of importance in IDDM is lymphocyte function-related antigen-1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) because culture of islet cells with cytokines results in the expression of ICAM-1 on islet cells in vitro. |
| 7499 | 7915204 | To understand the importance of this interaction in the development of autoimmune diabetes, we have studied the ability of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against LFA-1 and/or ICAM-1 to prevent disease in multidose streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (MDSDM). |
| 7500 | 7915204 | Treatment with the anti-LFA-1 and anti-ICAM-1 mAbs caused modulation of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 expression on splenocytes, respectively. |
| 7501 | 7915204 | Thus, interaction between ICAM-1 and LFA-1 is involved in the development of autoimmune diabetes in MDSDM. |
| 7502 | 7915880 | The 5' flanking polymorphism (5'FP), a hypervariable region at the 5' end of the insulin gene, has "class 1" alleles (650-900 bp long) that are in positive linkage disequilibrium with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7503 | 7915978 | A manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7504 | 7915978 | Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is selectively cytotoxic to the insulin producing beta cell of pancreatic islets. |
| 7505 | 7915978 | Since beta cells contain low amounts of the superoxide radical scavenger enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), this may leave beta cells more susceptible to IL-1 than other cell types. |
| 7506 | 7915978 | We, therefore, studied possible restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of this locus in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 154) and control individuals (n = 178). |
| 7507 | 7915978 | If genetic variation results in MnSOD variants with reduced activities, the MnSOD locus may still be a candidate gene for IDDM susceptibility. |
| 7508 | 7915978 | A manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7509 | 7915978 | Interleukin 1 (IL-1) is selectively cytotoxic to the insulin producing beta cell of pancreatic islets. |
| 7510 | 7915978 | Since beta cells contain low amounts of the superoxide radical scavenger enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), this may leave beta cells more susceptible to IL-1 than other cell types. |
| 7511 | 7915978 | We, therefore, studied possible restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of this locus in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 154) and control individuals (n = 178). |
| 7512 | 7915978 | If genetic variation results in MnSOD variants with reduced activities, the MnSOD locus may still be a candidate gene for IDDM susceptibility. |
| 7513 | 7922255 | The prevalence of an abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in patients with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7514 | 7922255 | Randomized controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate and postpone or may even prevent progression to clinically overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7515 | 7922255 | Besides ACE inhibitors, conventional antihypertensive treatment (mainly beta-blockers and diuretics) reportedly reduce albuminuria and diminish the loss of kidney function in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7516 | 7922255 | The same beneficial effect has been demonstrated using ACE inhibition combined with diuretics in hypertensive IDDM patients with overt nephropathy. |
| 7517 | 7922255 | The prevalence of an abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in patients with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7518 | 7922255 | Randomized controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate and postpone or may even prevent progression to clinically overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7519 | 7922255 | Besides ACE inhibitors, conventional antihypertensive treatment (mainly beta-blockers and diuretics) reportedly reduce albuminuria and diminish the loss of kidney function in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7520 | 7922255 | The same beneficial effect has been demonstrated using ACE inhibition combined with diuretics in hypertensive IDDM patients with overt nephropathy. |
| 7521 | 7922255 | The prevalence of an abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in patients with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7522 | 7922255 | Randomized controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate and postpone or may even prevent progression to clinically overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7523 | 7922255 | Besides ACE inhibitors, conventional antihypertensive treatment (mainly beta-blockers and diuretics) reportedly reduce albuminuria and diminish the loss of kidney function in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7524 | 7922255 | The same beneficial effect has been demonstrated using ACE inhibition combined with diuretics in hypertensive IDDM patients with overt nephropathy. |
| 7525 | 7922255 | The prevalence of an abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in patients with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7526 | 7922255 | Randomized controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate and postpone or may even prevent progression to clinically overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7527 | 7922255 | Besides ACE inhibitors, conventional antihypertensive treatment (mainly beta-blockers and diuretics) reportedly reduce albuminuria and diminish the loss of kidney function in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 7528 | 7922255 | The same beneficial effect has been demonstrated using ACE inhibition combined with diuretics in hypertensive IDDM patients with overt nephropathy. |
| 7529 | 7924880 | The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) conducted a multicenter study on the immunogenetics of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among Japanese. |
| 7530 | 7924880 | In one of the subjects, a girl, the titers of ICA increased in parallel with a decrease in insulin secretion before the development of overt IDDM and declined thereafter. |
| 7531 | 7924880 | The Japan Diabetes Society (JDS) conducted a multicenter study on the immunogenetics of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among Japanese. |
| 7532 | 7924880 | In one of the subjects, a girl, the titers of ICA increased in parallel with a decrease in insulin secretion before the development of overt IDDM and declined thereafter. |
| 7533 | 7924886 | Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (2 h value > or = 11.1 mmol/l) was found in 23 subjects (4.9%). |
| 7534 | 7924887 | We applied this method to determine the serum and urinary AG levels in 15 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in control subjects. |
| 7535 | 7926295 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) have been implicated as immune effector molecules in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7536 | 7926295 | Recently, an increased frequency of the A1/A1 genotype of an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism was observed in patients with IDDM. |
| 7537 | 7926295 | Therefore, we investigated plasma IL-1Ra and soluble TNF p55 receptor (TNFsRp55) levels in 18 men with recent-onset IDDM, 10 men with long-standing IDDM, and 35 age-matched healthy men. |
| 7538 | 7926295 | However, when the plasma IL-1Ra levels in the subjects with IDDM and the control subjects were analyzed according to IL-1Ra genotypes, we found a 30% lower level of plasma IL-1Ra in subjects with IDDM carrying the A1/A1 genotype compared with the levels in those carrying the A1/A2 genotype (372 +/- 40 vs. 530 +/- 54 ng/l, respectively, P = 0.025). |
| 7539 | 7926295 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) have been implicated as immune effector molecules in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7540 | 7926295 | Recently, an increased frequency of the A1/A1 genotype of an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism was observed in patients with IDDM. |
| 7541 | 7926295 | Therefore, we investigated plasma IL-1Ra and soluble TNF p55 receptor (TNFsRp55) levels in 18 men with recent-onset IDDM, 10 men with long-standing IDDM, and 35 age-matched healthy men. |
| 7542 | 7926295 | However, when the plasma IL-1Ra levels in the subjects with IDDM and the control subjects were analyzed according to IL-1Ra genotypes, we found a 30% lower level of plasma IL-1Ra in subjects with IDDM carrying the A1/A1 genotype compared with the levels in those carrying the A1/A2 genotype (372 +/- 40 vs. 530 +/- 54 ng/l, respectively, P = 0.025). |
| 7543 | 7926295 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) have been implicated as immune effector molecules in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7544 | 7926295 | Recently, an increased frequency of the A1/A1 genotype of an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism was observed in patients with IDDM. |
| 7545 | 7926295 | Therefore, we investigated plasma IL-1Ra and soluble TNF p55 receptor (TNFsRp55) levels in 18 men with recent-onset IDDM, 10 men with long-standing IDDM, and 35 age-matched healthy men. |
| 7546 | 7926295 | However, when the plasma IL-1Ra levels in the subjects with IDDM and the control subjects were analyzed according to IL-1Ra genotypes, we found a 30% lower level of plasma IL-1Ra in subjects with IDDM carrying the A1/A1 genotype compared with the levels in those carrying the A1/A2 genotype (372 +/- 40 vs. 530 +/- 54 ng/l, respectively, P = 0.025). |
| 7547 | 7926295 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) have been implicated as immune effector molecules in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7548 | 7926295 | Recently, an increased frequency of the A1/A1 genotype of an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene polymorphism was observed in patients with IDDM. |
| 7549 | 7926295 | Therefore, we investigated plasma IL-1Ra and soluble TNF p55 receptor (TNFsRp55) levels in 18 men with recent-onset IDDM, 10 men with long-standing IDDM, and 35 age-matched healthy men. |
| 7550 | 7926295 | However, when the plasma IL-1Ra levels in the subjects with IDDM and the control subjects were analyzed according to IL-1Ra genotypes, we found a 30% lower level of plasma IL-1Ra in subjects with IDDM carrying the A1/A1 genotype compared with the levels in those carrying the A1/A2 genotype (372 +/- 40 vs. 530 +/- 54 ng/l, respectively, P = 0.025). |
| 7551 | 7926297 | Apart from islet cell antibodies (ICAs), antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and a novel islet antigen (37k antigen) are potential markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7552 | 7926297 | GAD is also an antigen in stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and both SMS and IDDM are associated with ICAs and autoimmunity to other endocrine organs. |
| 7553 | 7926297 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in > or = 90% of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ICAs and other endocrine autoimmunity, in 59% of ICA-positive IDDM patients without endocrine autoimmunity, in all patients with SMS, but in only 1-3% of healthy (nondiabetic) and autoimmune disease control subjects. |
| 7554 | 7926297 | GAD antibody levels were increased in ICA-positive IDDM patients with polyendocrine autoimmunity compared with those without. |
| 7555 | 7926297 | Thus, certain factors enhance antibody responses to GAD in polyendocrine autoimmunity, but this does not necessarily lead to development of IDDM or SMS. |
| 7556 | 7926297 | Apart from islet cell antibodies (ICAs), antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and a novel islet antigen (37k antigen) are potential markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7557 | 7926297 | GAD is also an antigen in stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and both SMS and IDDM are associated with ICAs and autoimmunity to other endocrine organs. |
| 7558 | 7926297 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in > or = 90% of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ICAs and other endocrine autoimmunity, in 59% of ICA-positive IDDM patients without endocrine autoimmunity, in all patients with SMS, but in only 1-3% of healthy (nondiabetic) and autoimmune disease control subjects. |
| 7559 | 7926297 | GAD antibody levels were increased in ICA-positive IDDM patients with polyendocrine autoimmunity compared with those without. |
| 7560 | 7926297 | Thus, certain factors enhance antibody responses to GAD in polyendocrine autoimmunity, but this does not necessarily lead to development of IDDM or SMS. |
| 7561 | 7926297 | Apart from islet cell antibodies (ICAs), antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and a novel islet antigen (37k antigen) are potential markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7562 | 7926297 | GAD is also an antigen in stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and both SMS and IDDM are associated with ICAs and autoimmunity to other endocrine organs. |
| 7563 | 7926297 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in > or = 90% of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ICAs and other endocrine autoimmunity, in 59% of ICA-positive IDDM patients without endocrine autoimmunity, in all patients with SMS, but in only 1-3% of healthy (nondiabetic) and autoimmune disease control subjects. |
| 7564 | 7926297 | GAD antibody levels were increased in ICA-positive IDDM patients with polyendocrine autoimmunity compared with those without. |
| 7565 | 7926297 | Thus, certain factors enhance antibody responses to GAD in polyendocrine autoimmunity, but this does not necessarily lead to development of IDDM or SMS. |
| 7566 | 7926297 | Apart from islet cell antibodies (ICAs), antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and a novel islet antigen (37k antigen) are potential markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7567 | 7926297 | GAD is also an antigen in stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and both SMS and IDDM are associated with ICAs and autoimmunity to other endocrine organs. |
| 7568 | 7926297 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in > or = 90% of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ICAs and other endocrine autoimmunity, in 59% of ICA-positive IDDM patients without endocrine autoimmunity, in all patients with SMS, but in only 1-3% of healthy (nondiabetic) and autoimmune disease control subjects. |
| 7569 | 7926297 | GAD antibody levels were increased in ICA-positive IDDM patients with polyendocrine autoimmunity compared with those without. |
| 7570 | 7926297 | Thus, certain factors enhance antibody responses to GAD in polyendocrine autoimmunity, but this does not necessarily lead to development of IDDM or SMS. |
| 7571 | 7926297 | Apart from islet cell antibodies (ICAs), antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), and a novel islet antigen (37k antigen) are potential markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7572 | 7926297 | GAD is also an antigen in stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and both SMS and IDDM are associated with ICAs and autoimmunity to other endocrine organs. |
| 7573 | 7926297 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in > or = 90% of both diabetic and nondiabetic patients with ICAs and other endocrine autoimmunity, in 59% of ICA-positive IDDM patients without endocrine autoimmunity, in all patients with SMS, but in only 1-3% of healthy (nondiabetic) and autoimmune disease control subjects. |
| 7574 | 7926297 | GAD antibody levels were increased in ICA-positive IDDM patients with polyendocrine autoimmunity compared with those without. |
| 7575 | 7926297 | Thus, certain factors enhance antibody responses to GAD in polyendocrine autoimmunity, but this does not necessarily lead to development of IDDM or SMS. |
| 7576 | 7926304 | Prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is still largely based on islet cell antibodies (ICAs), but it may be improved by combined analysis with other humoral markers. |
| 7577 | 7926304 | We examined autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and M(r) 37,000 and M(r) 40,000 fragments of islet antigens (37 and 40 kDa) together with ICA subtypes in 101 family members with ICAs > or = 10 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units (JDF U) followed for up to 14 years, of whom 18 have developed IDDM. |
| 7578 | 7926304 | Prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is still largely based on islet cell antibodies (ICAs), but it may be improved by combined analysis with other humoral markers. |
| 7579 | 7926304 | We examined autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and M(r) 37,000 and M(r) 40,000 fragments of islet antigens (37 and 40 kDa) together with ICA subtypes in 101 family members with ICAs > or = 10 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units (JDF U) followed for up to 14 years, of whom 18 have developed IDDM. |
| 7580 | 7926302 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in prediction of beta-cell function and remission in recent-onset IDDM after cyclosporin treatment. |
| 7581 | 7926302 | We have investigated whether glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies (GAD65 Ab) were affected by cyclosporin therapy and were related to subsequent non-insulin-requiring remission and loss of glucagon-stimulated C-peptide response in 132 recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients treated with cyclosporin or placebo for 12 months. |
| 7582 | 7926302 | GAD65 Ab were found at onset in 66% (87 of 132) of IDDM patients and in 1% (1 of 100) of healthy control subjects. |
| 7583 | 7926302 | The presence or absence of GAD65 Ab at study entry did not predict non-insulin-requiring remission in either cyclosporin- or placebo-treated patients. |
| 7584 | 7926302 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in prediction of beta-cell function and remission in recent-onset IDDM after cyclosporin treatment. |
| 7585 | 7926302 | We have investigated whether glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies (GAD65 Ab) were affected by cyclosporin therapy and were related to subsequent non-insulin-requiring remission and loss of glucagon-stimulated C-peptide response in 132 recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients treated with cyclosporin or placebo for 12 months. |
| 7586 | 7926302 | GAD65 Ab were found at onset in 66% (87 of 132) of IDDM patients and in 1% (1 of 100) of healthy control subjects. |
| 7587 | 7926302 | The presence or absence of GAD65 Ab at study entry did not predict non-insulin-requiring remission in either cyclosporin- or placebo-treated patients. |
| 7588 | 7926302 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in prediction of beta-cell function and remission in recent-onset IDDM after cyclosporin treatment. |
| 7589 | 7926302 | We have investigated whether glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies (GAD65 Ab) were affected by cyclosporin therapy and were related to subsequent non-insulin-requiring remission and loss of glucagon-stimulated C-peptide response in 132 recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients treated with cyclosporin or placebo for 12 months. |
| 7590 | 7926302 | GAD65 Ab were found at onset in 66% (87 of 132) of IDDM patients and in 1% (1 of 100) of healthy control subjects. |
| 7591 | 7926302 | The presence or absence of GAD65 Ab at study entry did not predict non-insulin-requiring remission in either cyclosporin- or placebo-treated patients. |
| 7592 | 7926312 | Although microalbuminuria is known to foretell the later development of overt proteinuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), different investigators have reported different levels of albuminuria as being predictive. |
| 7593 | 7926312 | In this study, we divided a cohort of 66 nonproteinuric long-standing (duration 20 +/- 7 years) IDDM patients, who had both renal functional and structural studies performed, into four groups according to their urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). |
| 7594 | 7926312 | Although microalbuminuria is known to foretell the later development of overt proteinuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), different investigators have reported different levels of albuminuria as being predictive. |
| 7595 | 7926312 | In this study, we divided a cohort of 66 nonproteinuric long-standing (duration 20 +/- 7 years) IDDM patients, who had both renal functional and structural studies performed, into four groups according to their urinary albumin excretion rate (AER). |
| 7596 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the limiting factor in the management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7597 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia in IDDM is the result of the interplay of absolute or relative therapeutic insulin excess and compromised glucose counterregulation. |
| 7598 | 7926315 | Pending the prevention and cure of IDDM, we need to learn to replace insulin in a much more physiological fashion and/or to prevent, correct, or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation if we are to eliminate hypoglycemia from the lives of people with IDDM without compromising glycemic control. |
| 7599 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the limiting factor in the management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7600 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia in IDDM is the result of the interplay of absolute or relative therapeutic insulin excess and compromised glucose counterregulation. |
| 7601 | 7926315 | Pending the prevention and cure of IDDM, we need to learn to replace insulin in a much more physiological fashion and/or to prevent, correct, or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation if we are to eliminate hypoglycemia from the lives of people with IDDM without compromising glycemic control. |
| 7602 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the limiting factor in the management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7603 | 7926315 | Iatrogenic hypoglycemia in IDDM is the result of the interplay of absolute or relative therapeutic insulin excess and compromised glucose counterregulation. |
| 7604 | 7926315 | Pending the prevention and cure of IDDM, we need to learn to replace insulin in a much more physiological fashion and/or to prevent, correct, or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation if we are to eliminate hypoglycemia from the lives of people with IDDM without compromising glycemic control. |
| 7605 | 7927626 | Thirty-five patients of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were investigated for the effect of various metabolic factors on retinopathy. |
| 7606 | 7927626 | All IDDM patients as a group showed severe carbohydrate intolerance with lower basal and post glucose serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels and serum C-peptide radioimmunoreactivity (CPR) as compared to controls. |
| 7607 | 7927626 | Thirty-five patients of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were investigated for the effect of various metabolic factors on retinopathy. |
| 7608 | 7927626 | All IDDM patients as a group showed severe carbohydrate intolerance with lower basal and post glucose serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) levels and serum C-peptide radioimmunoreactivity (CPR) as compared to controls. |
| 7609 | 7928127 | The impact of menstruation on metabolic control was studied among 20 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) and 20 healthy controls during two menstrual cycles. |
| 7610 | 7930374 | Aim of this study was to investigate a) if through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) it was possible to reveal cerebral alterations in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); b) if there was any correlation with hypoglycemic episodes, glycometabolic control, microvascular alterations and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. |
| 7611 | 7930374 | For this purpose ten ID-DM patients under treatment with human insulin, aged 19-30 yr with the disease, the duration being from 1 to 19 yr, were investigated by MRI using a Philips Gyroscan. |
| 7612 | 7930374 | Aim of this study was to investigate a) if through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) it was possible to reveal cerebral alterations in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); b) if there was any correlation with hypoglycemic episodes, glycometabolic control, microvascular alterations and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. |
| 7613 | 7930374 | For this purpose ten ID-DM patients under treatment with human insulin, aged 19-30 yr with the disease, the duration being from 1 to 19 yr, were investigated by MRI using a Philips Gyroscan. |
| 7614 | 7930757 | This transgenic model is used to explore the possible role of locally produced IFN-gamma in loss of tolerance to beta-cell-specific antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7615 | 7930757 | Furthermore, our treatment schedule can serve as a model for future intervention studies in the transgenic mice, elaborating the role of IFN-gamma in localized inflammatory reactions, IDDM in particular. |
| 7616 | 7930757 | This transgenic model is used to explore the possible role of locally produced IFN-gamma in loss of tolerance to beta-cell-specific antigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7617 | 7930757 | Furthermore, our treatment schedule can serve as a model for future intervention studies in the transgenic mice, elaborating the role of IFN-gamma in localized inflammatory reactions, IDDM in particular. |
| 7618 | 7931087 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD/Lt mice represents a complex polygenic disease. |
| 7619 | 7931087 | NOR mice are insulitis resistant and diabetes free despite genetic identity with NOD at numerous chromosomal regions containing previously described insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) genes, including the strongly diabetogenic H2g7 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype. |
| 7620 | 7938053 | The studies reported herein were conducted to confirm that the pituitary gland is involved in maintaining growth hormone (GH) resistance in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to determine whether the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-adrenal cortical axis is responsible. |
| 7621 | 7938053 | These studies confirm that the pituitary contributes to diabetic growth impairment and show that the ACTH-adrenal cortical axis is primarily responsible for the GH-resistant state that develops in rats with IDDM. |
| 7622 | 7938053 | The studies reported herein were conducted to confirm that the pituitary gland is involved in maintaining growth hormone (GH) resistance in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to determine whether the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-adrenal cortical axis is responsible. |
| 7623 | 7938053 | These studies confirm that the pituitary contributes to diabetic growth impairment and show that the ACTH-adrenal cortical axis is primarily responsible for the GH-resistant state that develops in rats with IDDM. |
| 7624 | 7939368 | Platelets were obtained from 24 patients (two groups of 12 patients each) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and increased blood glucose concentrations (HbA1c > 10% Hb), duration of disease 2-45 years, on no other medication than insulin at the time of blood sampling or during the preceding 6 months, and with no signs of coronary artery disease, nephropathy, hypertension or retinopathy. |
| 7625 | 7949228 | Of these, 141 patients had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) corresponding to 3.2% of identified diabetic subjects (prevalence 0.07% inhabitants); 4362 patients had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 96.8% of identified diabetic subjects (prevalence 2.36%). |
| 7626 | 7949803 | As the risk determinants for childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus identified in our low-risk population appear to be similar to those detected in the genetically different, high-risk Swedish population, our study strongly supports an etiological role for these non-genetic risk factors in IDDM. |
| 7627 | 7951555 | Hind III site causing Proinsulin Kyoto and Pst I site polymorphism of the insulin gene in Japanese: its lack of association with either IDDM or NIDDM. |
| 7628 | 7951555 | In addition, in the 3'-untranslated region of the mutant insulin gene, a Pst I site negative, alpha type allele was found, and in the normal gene, a Pst I site positive, beta type allele was found. |
| 7629 | 7951555 | We conclude that the Proinsulin Kyoto gene is not a common cause of DM and the occurrence of the alpha type insulin gene in Japanese diabetes is more frequent than in other races, so this Pst I polymorphism is not a marker for diabetes mellitus in Japanese. |
| 7630 | 7955989 | Based on the clinical and biochemical variables, the patients were classified into three groups: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) accounted for 16.2%, insulin-treated diabetes mellitus for 54.1% and short-term treated diabetes mellitus for 29.6% of the total insulin-treated group. |
| 7631 | 7956708 | We studied the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7632 | 7957490 | Twenty-two normotensive patients with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 11 without and 11 with (incipient) nephropathy (eight microalbuminuria and three proteinuria, serum creatinine below 100 mumol l-1), and 14 healthy age/sex matched controls were studied. |
| 7633 | 7957503 | Increased serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications. |
| 7634 | 7957503 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 150 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 72 healthy subjects by radioassay, using [3H]-hippuryl-glycyl-glycine as a substrate. |
| 7635 | 7957503 | ACE activity > 125 nmol ml-1 min-1 was observed in 60 of 150 IDDM patients. 96 IDDM patients were normoalbuminuric (< 22 mg 24 h-1) and 49 patients were micro- or macroalbuminuric (range 22-6010 mg 24 h-1). |
| 7636 | 7957503 | Micro- and macroalbuminuric IDDM patients were found to have significantly greater ACE activity values than normoalbuminuric patients (128 +/- 36 vs. 115 +/- 30 nmol ml-1 min-1, P = 0.025). |
| 7637 | 7957503 | Metabolically well-controlled IDDM patients (glycosylated haemoglobin < or = 8%) had lower ACE activity values than the patients with glycosylated haemoglobin greater than 8% (109 +/- 20 vs. 127 +/- 32 nmol ml-1 min-1, P < 0.02). |
| 7638 | 7957503 | Thus ACE activity in the serum of IDDM patients was increased by 56% in 40% of the patients. |
| 7639 | 7957503 | Increased serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications. |
| 7640 | 7957503 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 150 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 72 healthy subjects by radioassay, using [3H]-hippuryl-glycyl-glycine as a substrate. |
| 7641 | 7957503 | ACE activity > 125 nmol ml-1 min-1 was observed in 60 of 150 IDDM patients. 96 IDDM patients were normoalbuminuric (< 22 mg 24 h-1) and 49 patients were micro- or macroalbuminuric (range 22-6010 mg 24 h-1). |
| 7642 | 7957503 | Micro- and macroalbuminuric IDDM patients were found to have significantly greater ACE activity values than normoalbuminuric patients (128 +/- 36 vs. 115 +/- 30 nmol ml-1 min-1, P = 0.025). |
| 7643 | 7957503 | Metabolically well-controlled IDDM patients (glycosylated haemoglobin < or = 8%) had lower ACE activity values than the patients with glycosylated haemoglobin greater than 8% (109 +/- 20 vs. 127 +/- 32 nmol ml-1 min-1, P < 0.02). |
| 7644 | 7957503 | Thus ACE activity in the serum of IDDM patients was increased by 56% in 40% of the patients. |
| 7645 | 7957503 | Increased serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications. |
| 7646 | 7957503 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 150 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 72 healthy subjects by radioassay, using [3H]-hippuryl-glycyl-glycine as a substrate. |
| 7647 | 7957503 | ACE activity > 125 nmol ml-1 min-1 was observed in 60 of 150 IDDM patients. 96 IDDM patients were normoalbuminuric (< 22 mg 24 h-1) and 49 patients were micro- or macroalbuminuric (range 22-6010 mg 24 h-1). |
| 7648 | 7957503 | Micro- and macroalbuminuric IDDM patients were found to have significantly greater ACE activity values than normoalbuminuric patients (128 +/- 36 vs. 115 +/- 30 nmol ml-1 min-1, P = 0.025). |
| 7649 | 7957503 | Metabolically well-controlled IDDM patients (glycosylated haemoglobin < or = 8%) had lower ACE activity values than the patients with glycosylated haemoglobin greater than 8% (109 +/- 20 vs. 127 +/- 32 nmol ml-1 min-1, P < 0.02). |
| 7650 | 7957503 | Thus ACE activity in the serum of IDDM patients was increased by 56% in 40% of the patients. |
| 7651 | 7957503 | Increased serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications. |
| 7652 | 7957503 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 150 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 72 healthy subjects by radioassay, using [3H]-hippuryl-glycyl-glycine as a substrate. |
| 7653 | 7957503 | ACE activity > 125 nmol ml-1 min-1 was observed in 60 of 150 IDDM patients. 96 IDDM patients were normoalbuminuric (< 22 mg 24 h-1) and 49 patients were micro- or macroalbuminuric (range 22-6010 mg 24 h-1). |
| 7654 | 7957503 | Micro- and macroalbuminuric IDDM patients were found to have significantly greater ACE activity values than normoalbuminuric patients (128 +/- 36 vs. 115 +/- 30 nmol ml-1 min-1, P = 0.025). |
| 7655 | 7957503 | Metabolically well-controlled IDDM patients (glycosylated haemoglobin < or = 8%) had lower ACE activity values than the patients with glycosylated haemoglobin greater than 8% (109 +/- 20 vs. 127 +/- 32 nmol ml-1 min-1, P < 0.02). |
| 7656 | 7957503 | Thus ACE activity in the serum of IDDM patients was increased by 56% in 40% of the patients. |
| 7657 | 7957503 | Increased serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: its relation to metabolic control and diabetic complications. |
| 7658 | 7957503 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was measured in 150 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 72 healthy subjects by radioassay, using [3H]-hippuryl-glycyl-glycine as a substrate. |
| 7659 | 7957503 | ACE activity > 125 nmol ml-1 min-1 was observed in 60 of 150 IDDM patients. 96 IDDM patients were normoalbuminuric (< 22 mg 24 h-1) and 49 patients were micro- or macroalbuminuric (range 22-6010 mg 24 h-1). |
| 7660 | 7957503 | Micro- and macroalbuminuric IDDM patients were found to have significantly greater ACE activity values than normoalbuminuric patients (128 +/- 36 vs. 115 +/- 30 nmol ml-1 min-1, P = 0.025). |
| 7661 | 7957503 | Metabolically well-controlled IDDM patients (glycosylated haemoglobin < or = 8%) had lower ACE activity values than the patients with glycosylated haemoglobin greater than 8% (109 +/- 20 vs. 127 +/- 32 nmol ml-1 min-1, P < 0.02). |
| 7662 | 7957503 | Thus ACE activity in the serum of IDDM patients was increased by 56% in 40% of the patients. |
| 7663 | 7958108 | IAA has been reported to be in association with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 7664 | 7958108 | Positivity for IA by ELISA (> normal Mean + 3SD) was 11 out of 58 (19.0%) and 26 out of 55 (47.3%) in patients with IDDM and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who were treated with insulin, respectively. |
| 7665 | 7958108 | IAA has been reported to be in association with both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 7666 | 7958108 | Positivity for IA by ELISA (> normal Mean + 3SD) was 11 out of 58 (19.0%) and 26 out of 55 (47.3%) in patients with IDDM and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who were treated with insulin, respectively. |
| 7667 | 7958491 | This study investigated the neurobehavioral effects of mild and moderate hypoglycemia in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7668 | 7958494 | To test the hypothesis that the neuroendocrine (including autonomic) responses to hypoglycemia are dissociated from the symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with hypoglycemia awareness and during reversal of hypoglycemia unawareness in IDDM, we used the hyperinsulinemic stepped hypoglycemic (5.0, 4.4, 3.9, 3.3, 2.8, and 2.2 mmol/l) clamp technique to quantitate these responses in nondiabetic control subjects and IDDM patients with hypoglycemia awareness and with hypoglycemia unawareness. |
| 7669 | 7958544 | Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and glucose counterregulation following subcutaneous injection of the monomeric insulin analogue [Lys(B28),Pro(B29)] in IDDM. |
| 7670 | 7958544 | The aim of these studies was to compare the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, counterregulatory hormone and symptom responses, as well as cognitive function during hypoglycaemia induced by s.c. injection of 0.15 IU/kg of regular human insulin (HI) and the monomeric insulin analogue [Lys(B28),Pro (B29)] (MI) in insulin-dependent-diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 7671 | 7958544 | Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and glucose counterregulation following subcutaneous injection of the monomeric insulin analogue [Lys(B28),Pro(B29)] in IDDM. |
| 7672 | 7958544 | The aim of these studies was to compare the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, counterregulatory hormone and symptom responses, as well as cognitive function during hypoglycaemia induced by s.c. injection of 0.15 IU/kg of regular human insulin (HI) and the monomeric insulin analogue [Lys(B28),Pro (B29)] (MI) in insulin-dependent-diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 7673 | 7960691 | A prospective survey of all newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children and adolescents aged 0-17 years in Israel was conducted for the years 1989 and 1990. |
| 7674 | 7962273 | To determine the importance of endogenous insulin secretion during and after intense exercise, responses to exercise of lean fit male post-absorptive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, aged 18-34 yr, were compared with those of control subjects (C; n = 6). |
| 7675 | 7962273 | In summary, constant insulin infusion is insufficient to prevent prolonged postexercise hyperglycemia in IDDM subjects, even when provided at a rate sufficient to maintain normal resting glycemia and glucose turnover. |
| 7676 | 7962273 | The finding that increasing the rate of insulin infusion restored plasma glucose to normal in IDDM subjects suggests that the postexercise increase in insulin levels observed in normal subjects is essential to return plasma glucose to resting levels. |
| 7677 | 7962273 | Therefore, special strategies, differing from those for less strenuous exercise, are required for the management of insulin therapy in IDDM during and after intense exercise. |
| 7678 | 7962273 | To determine the importance of endogenous insulin secretion during and after intense exercise, responses to exercise of lean fit male post-absorptive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, aged 18-34 yr, were compared with those of control subjects (C; n = 6). |
| 7679 | 7962273 | In summary, constant insulin infusion is insufficient to prevent prolonged postexercise hyperglycemia in IDDM subjects, even when provided at a rate sufficient to maintain normal resting glycemia and glucose turnover. |
| 7680 | 7962273 | The finding that increasing the rate of insulin infusion restored plasma glucose to normal in IDDM subjects suggests that the postexercise increase in insulin levels observed in normal subjects is essential to return plasma glucose to resting levels. |
| 7681 | 7962273 | Therefore, special strategies, differing from those for less strenuous exercise, are required for the management of insulin therapy in IDDM during and after intense exercise. |
| 7682 | 7962273 | To determine the importance of endogenous insulin secretion during and after intense exercise, responses to exercise of lean fit male post-absorptive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, aged 18-34 yr, were compared with those of control subjects (C; n = 6). |
| 7683 | 7962273 | In summary, constant insulin infusion is insufficient to prevent prolonged postexercise hyperglycemia in IDDM subjects, even when provided at a rate sufficient to maintain normal resting glycemia and glucose turnover. |
| 7684 | 7962273 | The finding that increasing the rate of insulin infusion restored plasma glucose to normal in IDDM subjects suggests that the postexercise increase in insulin levels observed in normal subjects is essential to return plasma glucose to resting levels. |
| 7685 | 7962273 | Therefore, special strategies, differing from those for less strenuous exercise, are required for the management of insulin therapy in IDDM during and after intense exercise. |
| 7686 | 7962273 | To determine the importance of endogenous insulin secretion during and after intense exercise, responses to exercise of lean fit male post-absorptive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects, aged 18-34 yr, were compared with those of control subjects (C; n = 6). |
| 7687 | 7962273 | In summary, constant insulin infusion is insufficient to prevent prolonged postexercise hyperglycemia in IDDM subjects, even when provided at a rate sufficient to maintain normal resting glycemia and glucose turnover. |
| 7688 | 7962273 | The finding that increasing the rate of insulin infusion restored plasma glucose to normal in IDDM subjects suggests that the postexercise increase in insulin levels observed in normal subjects is essential to return plasma glucose to resting levels. |
| 7689 | 7962273 | Therefore, special strategies, differing from those for less strenuous exercise, are required for the management of insulin therapy in IDDM during and after intense exercise. |
| 7690 | 7962332 | Counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia are impaired in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in strict glycemic control. |
| 7691 | 7962332 | The ACTH response to hypoglycemia was not significantly reduced in the well controlled IDDM, whereas the response to metyrapone was actually greater in this group (P < 0.05 vs. poorly controlled IDDM). |
| 7692 | 7962332 | These data suggest that 1) the reduced epinephrine responses in well controlled IDDM may not be specific for the hypoglycemic stimulus alone, but may also occur in response to other nonhypoglycemic stimuli; 2) cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well controlled IDDM, whereas the ACTH response to a non-hypoglycemic stimulus remains intact; and 3) GH responses to both hypoglycemic and nonhypoglycemic stimuli are preserved in well controlled IDDM. |
| 7693 | 7962332 | The preservation of ACTH and GH responses to metyrapone and arginine, respectively, suggests adequate pituitary functional reserve in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control in response to nonhypoglycemic stimuli. |
| 7694 | 7962332 | Counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia are impaired in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in strict glycemic control. |
| 7695 | 7962332 | The ACTH response to hypoglycemia was not significantly reduced in the well controlled IDDM, whereas the response to metyrapone was actually greater in this group (P < 0.05 vs. poorly controlled IDDM). |
| 7696 | 7962332 | These data suggest that 1) the reduced epinephrine responses in well controlled IDDM may not be specific for the hypoglycemic stimulus alone, but may also occur in response to other nonhypoglycemic stimuli; 2) cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well controlled IDDM, whereas the ACTH response to a non-hypoglycemic stimulus remains intact; and 3) GH responses to both hypoglycemic and nonhypoglycemic stimuli are preserved in well controlled IDDM. |
| 7697 | 7962332 | The preservation of ACTH and GH responses to metyrapone and arginine, respectively, suggests adequate pituitary functional reserve in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control in response to nonhypoglycemic stimuli. |
| 7698 | 7962332 | Counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia are impaired in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in strict glycemic control. |
| 7699 | 7962332 | The ACTH response to hypoglycemia was not significantly reduced in the well controlled IDDM, whereas the response to metyrapone was actually greater in this group (P < 0.05 vs. poorly controlled IDDM). |
| 7700 | 7962332 | These data suggest that 1) the reduced epinephrine responses in well controlled IDDM may not be specific for the hypoglycemic stimulus alone, but may also occur in response to other nonhypoglycemic stimuli; 2) cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well controlled IDDM, whereas the ACTH response to a non-hypoglycemic stimulus remains intact; and 3) GH responses to both hypoglycemic and nonhypoglycemic stimuli are preserved in well controlled IDDM. |
| 7701 | 7962332 | The preservation of ACTH and GH responses to metyrapone and arginine, respectively, suggests adequate pituitary functional reserve in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control in response to nonhypoglycemic stimuli. |
| 7702 | 7962332 | Counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia are impaired in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in strict glycemic control. |
| 7703 | 7962332 | The ACTH response to hypoglycemia was not significantly reduced in the well controlled IDDM, whereas the response to metyrapone was actually greater in this group (P < 0.05 vs. poorly controlled IDDM). |
| 7704 | 7962332 | These data suggest that 1) the reduced epinephrine responses in well controlled IDDM may not be specific for the hypoglycemic stimulus alone, but may also occur in response to other nonhypoglycemic stimuli; 2) cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well controlled IDDM, whereas the ACTH response to a non-hypoglycemic stimulus remains intact; and 3) GH responses to both hypoglycemic and nonhypoglycemic stimuli are preserved in well controlled IDDM. |
| 7705 | 7962332 | The preservation of ACTH and GH responses to metyrapone and arginine, respectively, suggests adequate pituitary functional reserve in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control in response to nonhypoglycemic stimuli. |
| 7706 | 7964296 | Abnormalities of GH secretion and clearance are well-documented in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the contribution of the receptor (GHR) and the GH-binding protein (GHBP) to these abnormalities has not been defined. |
| 7707 | 7964296 | Six days of insulin treatment did not significantly alter the levels of GHR/GHBP mRNA in the liver or heart of STZ-D rats, but significantly decreased GHBP mRNA (P = 0.04) in the kidney. |
| 7708 | 7964296 | Circulating IGF-I was reduced, as was IGF-I mRNA in the liver and heart of STZ-D rats; only circulating IGF-I was restored by insulin treatment. |
| 7709 | 7964296 | Neither STZ-D nor insulin treatment affected IGF-I or IGF-I receptor mRNA concentrations in the kidney. |
| 7710 | 7964296 | Our results indicate a role for decreased numbers of hepatic GHRs in the pathogenesis of resistance to GH's actions in terms of IGF-I generation and promotion of linear growth in IDDM. |
| 7711 | 7964296 | We postulate that increased GHR expression in the kidney may be involved in the renal complications of IDDM. |
| 7712 | 7964296 | Abnormalities of GH secretion and clearance are well-documented in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the contribution of the receptor (GHR) and the GH-binding protein (GHBP) to these abnormalities has not been defined. |
| 7713 | 7964296 | Six days of insulin treatment did not significantly alter the levels of GHR/GHBP mRNA in the liver or heart of STZ-D rats, but significantly decreased GHBP mRNA (P = 0.04) in the kidney. |
| 7714 | 7964296 | Circulating IGF-I was reduced, as was IGF-I mRNA in the liver and heart of STZ-D rats; only circulating IGF-I was restored by insulin treatment. |
| 7715 | 7964296 | Neither STZ-D nor insulin treatment affected IGF-I or IGF-I receptor mRNA concentrations in the kidney. |
| 7716 | 7964296 | Our results indicate a role for decreased numbers of hepatic GHRs in the pathogenesis of resistance to GH's actions in terms of IGF-I generation and promotion of linear growth in IDDM. |
| 7717 | 7964296 | We postulate that increased GHR expression in the kidney may be involved in the renal complications of IDDM. |
| 7718 | 7964296 | Abnormalities of GH secretion and clearance are well-documented in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the contribution of the receptor (GHR) and the GH-binding protein (GHBP) to these abnormalities has not been defined. |
| 7719 | 7964296 | Six days of insulin treatment did not significantly alter the levels of GHR/GHBP mRNA in the liver or heart of STZ-D rats, but significantly decreased GHBP mRNA (P = 0.04) in the kidney. |
| 7720 | 7964296 | Circulating IGF-I was reduced, as was IGF-I mRNA in the liver and heart of STZ-D rats; only circulating IGF-I was restored by insulin treatment. |
| 7721 | 7964296 | Neither STZ-D nor insulin treatment affected IGF-I or IGF-I receptor mRNA concentrations in the kidney. |
| 7722 | 7964296 | Our results indicate a role for decreased numbers of hepatic GHRs in the pathogenesis of resistance to GH's actions in terms of IGF-I generation and promotion of linear growth in IDDM. |
| 7723 | 7964296 | We postulate that increased GHR expression in the kidney may be involved in the renal complications of IDDM. |
| 7724 | 7964474 | We tested this prediction using two insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-associated antigens, coxsackievirus P2-C (Cox P2-C) protein and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65), which share a prototypic sequence similarity of six consecutive amino acids within otherwise unrelated proteins. |
| 7725 | 7964474 | We surveyed a panel of 10 murine MHC class II alleles that encompass the spectrum of standard alleles for the ability to cross-reactively present Cox P2-C and GAD65. |
| 7726 | 7964474 | Since the human and the murine class II alleles associated with IDDM share conserved features, cross-reactive T cell recognition of GAD65 and Cox P2-C may contribute to the pathogenesis of human IDDM and account for the epidemiological association of coxsackievirus with IDDM. |
| 7727 | 7964474 | We tested this prediction using two insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-associated antigens, coxsackievirus P2-C (Cox P2-C) protein and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65), which share a prototypic sequence similarity of six consecutive amino acids within otherwise unrelated proteins. |
| 7728 | 7964474 | We surveyed a panel of 10 murine MHC class II alleles that encompass the spectrum of standard alleles for the ability to cross-reactively present Cox P2-C and GAD65. |
| 7729 | 7964474 | Since the human and the murine class II alleles associated with IDDM share conserved features, cross-reactive T cell recognition of GAD65 and Cox P2-C may contribute to the pathogenesis of human IDDM and account for the epidemiological association of coxsackievirus with IDDM. |
| 7730 | 7964768 | The patients were considered as a total group, and were also divided into two subgroups: (1) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (9 knees) and (2) noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (44 knees). |
| 7731 | 7968593 | The effects of contraceptive steroids on the expression of endothelial homeostasis were examined by direct and indirect measures in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a prospective nonrandomized controlled study. |
| 7732 | 7968593 | In the indirect assessment of endothelial function, we found a proportionate increase in plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III (TAT) complexes and D-dimer during treatment. |
| 7733 | 7968593 | Hormonal intake was followed by decreased antigen concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (type 1 [PAI-1]), whereas the activities of t-PA and PAI-1 were unchanged. |
| 7734 | 7968593 | Plasma levels of plasminogen and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) increased and decreased, respectively, whereas an increase in von Willebrand factor was observed in the treatment group. |
| 7735 | 7972266 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is one of the few available models of spontaneous autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7736 | 7974809 | The hospital records of 477 patients under 18 years of age with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who were followed in the Endocrinology Unit of Hacettepe University Children's Hospital between the years 1969 and 1991 were analyzed for age, sex, residence at time of diagnosis, date of onset of symptoms, date of diagnosis, family history of IDDM, and consanguinity between parents. |
| 7737 | 7976732 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be an autoimmune disease, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the islets and the presence of islet cell autoantibodies. |
| 7738 | 7977386 | Association and linkage studies have shown that at least one of the genetic factors involved in susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is contained within a 4.1-kb region of the insulin gene. |
| 7739 | 7981182 | Intraperitoneal insulin therapy corrects abnormalities in cholesteryl ester transfer and lipoprotein lipase activities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7740 | 7981182 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have proatherogenic disturbances in cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) despite intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy (ISC). |
| 7741 | 7981182 | Since CET is activated by insulin-sensitive lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which normally increases postprandially, we queried whether iatrogenic hyperinsulinism from ISC stimulated LPL and CET by studying well-controlled IDDM patients after ISC and then 6 months after lowering systemic insulin levels by intraperitoneal (IP) insulin delivery. |
| 7742 | 7981182 | Although glycemic control (HbA1c IDDM, 6.9 +/- 1.7%; control, 4.5% to 8%) was excellent during ISC, CET was accelerated (P < .001) and both systemic insulin levels and LPL specific activity were increased (P < .05). |
| 7743 | 7981182 | Following IP, basal systemic insulin levels declined by more than one half (ISC, 8.22 +/- 6.5 versus IP, 2.77 +/- 2.4 microU/mL; mean +/- SD; P < .025), and both LPL and CET activities returned to normal. |
| 7744 | 7981182 | The fact that they are both reversed when systemic insulin levels are reduced by IP suggests that insulin, acting through LPL, influences the nature of the interaction of the lipoproteins engaged in CET. |
| 7745 | 7981182 | Intraperitoneal insulin therapy corrects abnormalities in cholesteryl ester transfer and lipoprotein lipase activities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7746 | 7981182 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have proatherogenic disturbances in cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) despite intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy (ISC). |
| 7747 | 7981182 | Since CET is activated by insulin-sensitive lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which normally increases postprandially, we queried whether iatrogenic hyperinsulinism from ISC stimulated LPL and CET by studying well-controlled IDDM patients after ISC and then 6 months after lowering systemic insulin levels by intraperitoneal (IP) insulin delivery. |
| 7748 | 7981182 | Although glycemic control (HbA1c IDDM, 6.9 +/- 1.7%; control, 4.5% to 8%) was excellent during ISC, CET was accelerated (P < .001) and both systemic insulin levels and LPL specific activity were increased (P < .05). |
| 7749 | 7981182 | Following IP, basal systemic insulin levels declined by more than one half (ISC, 8.22 +/- 6.5 versus IP, 2.77 +/- 2.4 microU/mL; mean +/- SD; P < .025), and both LPL and CET activities returned to normal. |
| 7750 | 7981182 | The fact that they are both reversed when systemic insulin levels are reduced by IP suggests that insulin, acting through LPL, influences the nature of the interaction of the lipoproteins engaged in CET. |
| 7751 | 7981182 | Intraperitoneal insulin therapy corrects abnormalities in cholesteryl ester transfer and lipoprotein lipase activities in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7752 | 7981182 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have proatherogenic disturbances in cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) despite intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy (ISC). |
| 7753 | 7981182 | Since CET is activated by insulin-sensitive lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which normally increases postprandially, we queried whether iatrogenic hyperinsulinism from ISC stimulated LPL and CET by studying well-controlled IDDM patients after ISC and then 6 months after lowering systemic insulin levels by intraperitoneal (IP) insulin delivery. |
| 7754 | 7981182 | Although glycemic control (HbA1c IDDM, 6.9 +/- 1.7%; control, 4.5% to 8%) was excellent during ISC, CET was accelerated (P < .001) and both systemic insulin levels and LPL specific activity were increased (P < .05). |
| 7755 | 7981182 | Following IP, basal systemic insulin levels declined by more than one half (ISC, 8.22 +/- 6.5 versus IP, 2.77 +/- 2.4 microU/mL; mean +/- SD; P < .025), and both LPL and CET activities returned to normal. |
| 7756 | 7981182 | The fact that they are both reversed when systemic insulin levels are reduced by IP suggests that insulin, acting through LPL, influences the nature of the interaction of the lipoproteins engaged in CET. |
| 7757 | 7983786 | It is suggested that the defective insulin secretion exists in this family with the mutation and the progressive decrease in insulin secretion might resulted in IDDM in the proband. |
| 7758 | 7983809 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. |
| 7759 | 7983810 | [Non-MHC susceptibility genes in Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 7760 | 7983810 | In the 5' insulin gene polymorphism, the shorter insertion (class 1 allele) is predominant in Japanese, and thus is not associated with IDDM. |
| 7761 | 7983810 | The insulin gene region appears not to be a valuable genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7762 | 7983810 | Recently, we found an association of polymorphism in the IFN-gamma gene with Japanese IDDM. |
| 7763 | 7983810 | [Non-MHC susceptibility genes in Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 7764 | 7983810 | In the 5' insulin gene polymorphism, the shorter insertion (class 1 allele) is predominant in Japanese, and thus is not associated with IDDM. |
| 7765 | 7983810 | The insulin gene region appears not to be a valuable genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7766 | 7983810 | Recently, we found an association of polymorphism in the IFN-gamma gene with Japanese IDDM. |
| 7767 | 7983810 | [Non-MHC susceptibility genes in Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 7768 | 7983810 | In the 5' insulin gene polymorphism, the shorter insertion (class 1 allele) is predominant in Japanese, and thus is not associated with IDDM. |
| 7769 | 7983810 | The insulin gene region appears not to be a valuable genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7770 | 7983810 | Recently, we found an association of polymorphism in the IFN-gamma gene with Japanese IDDM. |
| 7771 | 7983810 | [Non-MHC susceptibility genes in Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 7772 | 7983810 | In the 5' insulin gene polymorphism, the shorter insertion (class 1 allele) is predominant in Japanese, and thus is not associated with IDDM. |
| 7773 | 7983810 | The insulin gene region appears not to be a valuable genetic marker for IDDM in Japanese. |
| 7774 | 7983810 | Recently, we found an association of polymorphism in the IFN-gamma gene with Japanese IDDM. |
| 7775 | 7983811 | We have typed TAP polymorphism in 95 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 75 normal controls. |
| 7776 | 7983812 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops mainly from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. |
| 7777 | 7983812 | Our analysis of RNAs obtained from the pancreas of newly diagnosed IDDM patients using the RT-PCR method indicated that the repertoire of T cell receptor alpha was restricted. |
| 7778 | 7983812 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops mainly from the destruction of pancreatic beta cells by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. |
| 7779 | 7983812 | Our analysis of RNAs obtained from the pancreas of newly diagnosed IDDM patients using the RT-PCR method indicated that the repertoire of T cell receptor alpha was restricted. |
| 7780 | 7987659 | Coeliac disease occurs more commonly in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than in the general population, but the prevalence of coeliac disease in adults with diabetes is unknown. |
| 7781 | 7988317 | Children with newly diagnosed IDDM have increased levels of antibodies to bovine serum albumin but not to ovalbumin. |
| 7782 | 7988346 | Birth size and risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7783 | 7988351 | We compared final height to height at diagnosis (expressed as a standard deviation score, SDS), predicted adult height (according to the Bayley and Pinneau method) and target genetic height (expressed as mean parental height in cm, +6.5 for males and -6.5 for females) in 37 patients (15 males, 22 females) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), aged 20.6 +/- 3.3 years (16.6-27), with 11.8 +/- 3.7 years (5.2-19.2) mean duration of disease. |
| 7784 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7785 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7786 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7787 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7788 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7789 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7790 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7791 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7792 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7793 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7794 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7795 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7796 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7797 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7798 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7799 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7800 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7801 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7802 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7803 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7804 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7805 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7806 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7807 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7808 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7809 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7810 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7811 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7812 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7813 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7814 | 7988775 | IDDM susceptibility associated with polymorphisms in the insulin gene region. |
| 7815 | 7988775 | Previous studies have suggested an association between polymorphisms in the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7816 | 7988775 | Our data suggest that polymorphisms in the insulin gene region confer susceptibility to IDDM in Caucasians, and that a similar tendency though not statistically significant is observed among Tanzanian blacks, while no significant contribution is seen among Japanese orientals. |
| 7817 | 7988775 | We further demonstrate that the disease-associated genotype INS +/+ confers susceptibility independently of HLA class II alleles associated with IDDM. |
| 7818 | 7988775 | Compared to the contribution of particular HLA-DQ alleles in IDDM susceptibility, the additional risk conferred by the insulin gene region polymorphism is, however, small. |
| 7819 | 7988775 | Genotyping of the insulin gene region will therefore most probably not be a useful tool in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 7820 | 7989457 | The objective of this study was to test whether levels of proinsulin immunoreactivity (PIM) relative to those of insulin immunoreactivity (IRI) or C-peptide are changed and related to subclinical beta-cell dysfunction in siblings of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 7821 | 7989593 | To determine the effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on rates and pathways of hepatic glycogen synthesis, as well as flux through hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase, we used 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor the peak intensity of the C1 resonance of the glucosyl units of hepatic glycogen, in combination with acetaminophen to sample the hepatic UDP-glucose pool and phenylacetate to sample the hepatic glutamine pool, during a hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp using [1-13C]-glucose. |
| 7822 | 7989593 | Five subjects with poorly controlled IDDM and six age-weight-matched control subjects were clamped at a mean plasma glucose concentration of approximately 9 mM and mean plasma insulin concentrations approximately 400 pM for 5 h. |
| 7823 | 7989593 | To determine the effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on rates and pathways of hepatic glycogen synthesis, as well as flux through hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase, we used 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor the peak intensity of the C1 resonance of the glucosyl units of hepatic glycogen, in combination with acetaminophen to sample the hepatic UDP-glucose pool and phenylacetate to sample the hepatic glutamine pool, during a hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp using [1-13C]-glucose. |
| 7824 | 7989593 | Five subjects with poorly controlled IDDM and six age-weight-matched control subjects were clamped at a mean plasma glucose concentration of approximately 9 mM and mean plasma insulin concentrations approximately 400 pM for 5 h. |
| 7825 | 7989622 | Serum fructosamine correlates with gingival index in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7826 | 7989622 | Fructosamine assay, which is used in diagnosing and monitoring diabetic patients, is compared with the hemoglobin and plasma glucose assays in children and adolescent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 7827 | 7989828 | Hearing thresholds were studied in 53 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 42 randomly selected non-diabetic control subjects, aged between 20 and 40 years. |
| 7828 | 7990698 | LDLs and RBC membranes were isolated from 11 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 18 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients and exposed to a peroxidative stress by incubation with phenylhydrazine. |
| 7829 | 7990698 | The following parameters were also evaluated: plasma glucose, triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apo B, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), LDL PL and cholesterol, LDL fatty acid composition, and RBC membrane PL and cholesterol. |
| 7830 | 7990711 | The urinary excretion of zinc in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is approximately doubled. |
| 7831 | 7992405 | This study aimed to assess the prevalence of familial aggregation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), among Danish families with a diabetic child and to compare epidemiological data for familial and sporadic cases of IDDM children. |
| 7832 | 7995004 | Polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) genes in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7833 | 7995004 | Polymorphic liver arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2; EC 2.3.1.5) has been suggested as a susceptibility factor for both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7834 | 7995004 | With use of an allele-specific nested polymerase reaction, the NAT2 genotypes were determined in 165 clinically well-controlled patients with IDDM and 107 reference children aged from 3 to 18 years. |
| 7835 | 7995004 | In 66 children with IDDM and 54 reference children the NAT2 genotype was checked by conventional sulfamethazine (sulfadimidine) phenotyping. |
| 7836 | 7995004 | Polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) genes in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7837 | 7995004 | Polymorphic liver arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2; EC 2.3.1.5) has been suggested as a susceptibility factor for both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7838 | 7995004 | With use of an allele-specific nested polymerase reaction, the NAT2 genotypes were determined in 165 clinically well-controlled patients with IDDM and 107 reference children aged from 3 to 18 years. |
| 7839 | 7995004 | In 66 children with IDDM and 54 reference children the NAT2 genotype was checked by conventional sulfamethazine (sulfadimidine) phenotyping. |
| 7840 | 7995004 | Polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) genes in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7841 | 7995004 | Polymorphic liver arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT2; EC 2.3.1.5) has been suggested as a susceptibility factor for both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7842 | 7995004 | With use of an allele-specific nested polymerase reaction, the NAT2 genotypes were determined in 165 clinically well-controlled patients with IDDM and 107 reference children aged from 3 to 18 years. |
| 7843 | 7995004 | In 66 children with IDDM and 54 reference children the NAT2 genotype was checked by conventional sulfamethazine (sulfadimidine) phenotyping. |
| 7844 | 7995614 | To evaluate the efficacy of the acute-physical-stress response, plasma catecholamine and lactate levels, serum electrolytes, fructosamine, blood glucose and acid-base status were measured in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children and the data compared to those of healthy controls. |
| 7845 | 7996840 | To begin to address this question and more closely mimic the situation in vivo, we characterized human diabetic EC harvested from insulin-dependent diabetic mothers (IDDM) at the cellular and molecular levels. |
| 7846 | 7996840 | Gene expression of major BM components (collagen type IV, laminin beta 1, and laminin beta 2) was quantified by Northern analysis. |
| 7847 | 7997211 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) octreotide suppresses GH levels, postprandial blood glucose increases with resultant decrease in daily insulin requirements. |
| 7848 | 7997851 | T cells from children with IDDM are sensitized to bovine serum albumin. |
| 7849 | 7997851 | Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggested that denial of dietary cow milk protein early in life protects genetically susceptible children and animals from insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 7850 | 7997851 | T cells from children with IDDM are sensitized to bovine serum albumin. |
| 7851 | 7997851 | Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggested that denial of dietary cow milk protein early in life protects genetically susceptible children and animals from insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 7852 | 7998353 | About 20% of all women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have menstrual irregularities. |
| 7853 | 7999482 | We have compared intraoperative glycaemic control, insulin requirements and metabolic and endocrine variables in 40 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) and 40 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) undergoing general anaesthesia for elective procedures. |
| 7854 | 7999482 | The amounts of insulin administered were similar in NIDDM and IDDM. |
| 7855 | 7999482 | We conclude that mean glycaemic control, insulin requirements and development of ketone bodies in NIDDM and IDDM patients did not differ during the operative period, regardless of the insulin regimen used. |
| 7856 | 7999482 | We have compared intraoperative glycaemic control, insulin requirements and metabolic and endocrine variables in 40 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) and 40 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) undergoing general anaesthesia for elective procedures. |
| 7857 | 7999482 | The amounts of insulin administered were similar in NIDDM and IDDM. |
| 7858 | 7999482 | We conclude that mean glycaemic control, insulin requirements and development of ketone bodies in NIDDM and IDDM patients did not differ during the operative period, regardless of the insulin regimen used. |
| 7859 | 7999482 | We have compared intraoperative glycaemic control, insulin requirements and metabolic and endocrine variables in 40 non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) and 40 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) undergoing general anaesthesia for elective procedures. |
| 7860 | 7999482 | The amounts of insulin administered were similar in NIDDM and IDDM. |
| 7861 | 7999482 | We conclude that mean glycaemic control, insulin requirements and development of ketone bodies in NIDDM and IDDM patients did not differ during the operative period, regardless of the insulin regimen used. |
| 7862 | 8001841 | Recent findings that C20-C22 in muscle membrane phospholipids are inversely related to insulin resistance, whereas linoleic acid is positively related to insulin resistance, suggest that diet may influence the development of insulin resistance in obesity, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypertension, and coronary artery disease (including asymptomatic atherosclerosis and microvascular angina). |
| 7863 | 8003613 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with the formation of autoantibodies against different antigens in the islets of Langerhans, so-called islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 7864 | 8003613 | The expression of a major autoantigen, the beta-cell specific enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), is glucose-dependent in vitro and correlated to insulin release in vitro. |
| 7865 | 8004482 | Recently GAD has been demonstrated to act as autoantigen in the rare neurological disease "stiff man syndrome" (SMS) and in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7866 | 8005563 | As pirenzepine (PZ), a cholinergic muscarinic antagonist, is able to inhibit GH hypersecretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we investigated whether PZ is also able to inhibit spontaneous and stimulated GH-release in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 7867 | 8005563 | Glucose, insulin, glucagon and somatostatin responses to arginine infusion were not changed by pirenzepine treatment. |
| 7868 | 8005969 | These individuals were classified clinically as having insulin dependent (IDDM = 18); non-insulin dependent (NIDDM = 19) and insulin requiring diabetes (IRDM = 19). |
| 7869 | 8005969 | Growth Hormone (GH) and cortisol levels were found to be high in patients with IDDM and IRDM with no insulin reserve and these did not suppress during the oral Glucose Tolerance Test. |
| 7870 | 8005969 | These individuals were classified clinically as having insulin dependent (IDDM = 18); non-insulin dependent (NIDDM = 19) and insulin requiring diabetes (IRDM = 19). |
| 7871 | 8005969 | Growth Hormone (GH) and cortisol levels were found to be high in patients with IDDM and IRDM with no insulin reserve and these did not suppress during the oral Glucose Tolerance Test. |
| 7872 | 8009085 | We analysed clinical and immunological indexes in 165 caucasian adult patients presenting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus associated with other organ-specific autoimmune diseases (type Ib IDDM). |
| 7873 | 8013259 | Med. 329, 977-986) demonstrate that therapy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) should aim at near-normoglycemia. |
| 7874 | 8013263 | A total of 250 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), having age at onset of diabetes < or = 18 years were studied. |
| 7875 | 8013746 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by destruction of the insulin-secreting beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7876 | 8013746 | Those patients in whom the disease process is slow could present with IDDM as adults, develop diabetes that does not require insulin treatment, or even fail to develop diabetes altogether. |
| 7877 | 8013746 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by destruction of the insulin-secreting beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans. |
| 7878 | 8013746 | Those patients in whom the disease process is slow could present with IDDM as adults, develop diabetes that does not require insulin treatment, or even fail to develop diabetes altogether. |
| 7879 | 8013749 | The effect of hyperglycemia on in vivo adipose tissue metabolism was studied with microdialysis in seven lean patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) receiving a constant infusion of insulin (36 pmol.m-2.min-1). |
| 7880 | 8013753 | Non-insulin-mediated glucose disappearance in subjects with IDDM. |
| 7881 | 8013753 | We directly measured the ability of glucose per se to promote glucose disposal in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7882 | 8013753 | Non-insulin-mediated glucose disappearance in subjects with IDDM. |
| 7883 | 8013753 | We directly measured the ability of glucose per se to promote glucose disposal in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7884 | 8013757 | We studied 10 patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 14 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 sex- and age-matched control subjects. |
| 7885 | 8021905 | The relationship between erythrocyte cation transport systems, plasma prorenin and albuminuria was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7886 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7887 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7888 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7889 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7890 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7891 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7892 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7893 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7894 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7895 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7896 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7897 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7898 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7899 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7900 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7901 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7902 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7903 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7904 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7905 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7906 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7907 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7908 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7909 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7910 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7911 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7912 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7913 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7914 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7915 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7916 | 8023918 | Insulin's ability to stimulate glucose metabolism is reduced during normal puberty; these changes are exaggerated in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7917 | 8023918 | Because the effects of puberty and IDDM on the other actions of insulin have not been established, we studied leucine kinetics (using [1-13C]leucine) and fat metabolism during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia (20 mU.m2.min-1) for 3 h in eight healthy and nine IDDM (HbA1 14 +/- 2%) adolescents and six healthy young adult controls. |
| 7918 | 8023918 | IDDM subjects received overnight low-dose insulin infusion to normalize fasting glucose. |
| 7919 | 8023918 | Insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism was reduced by 40% in healthy adolescents vs. adults (P < 0.05) and by an additional 40% in poorly controlled IDDM (P < 0.05 vs, normal adolescents). |
| 7920 | 8023918 | Despite similar increments in plasma insulin during the clamp, leucine flux remained higher in IDDM adolescents than in healthy controls. |
| 7921 | 8023918 | Basal leucine oxidation rates were also increased in IDDM subjects compared with nondiabetic groups and declined to a lesser extent during insulin infusion. |
| 7922 | 8024653 | Because of anatomical limitations, molecular characterization of islet-inflammatory T-cells in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has remained elusive. |
| 7923 | 8024653 | Most of the in vivo-activated isletitis T-cells were CD8+TcR alpha beta+ and CD4-CD8-TcR gamma delta+ in both patients. |
| 7924 | 8032070 | HLA-DQA and DQB alleles contribute to susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7925 | 8032070 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with the presence of arginine in position 52 of the DQ alpha chain and absence of aspartic acid in position 57 of the DQ beta chain in Caucasians. |
| 7926 | 8032763 | The authors measured IgG, IgM, IgA, and natural sheep hemagglutinin (NSH) before and after fetal pancreatic culture allotransplantation to patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7927 | 8032892 | Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting tests using the sera from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients revealed the presence of antibodies against this newly identified MGAD in IDDM. |
| 7928 | 8039433 | No specific abnormalities of the insulin receptor kinase activity were revealed in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) or in common NIDDM. |
| 7929 | 8039433 | Recently, insulin was shown to stimulate a cascade of phosphorylation-dependent kinases which ultimately activate a glycogen-bound subunit of a phosphatase (G-subunit of phosphatase-1) which promotes dephosphorylation GS by the catalytic subunit. |
| 7930 | 8039593 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAbs) are being increasingly used in clinical and research programs for the prediction and classification of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7931 | 8039593 | The 16 lyophilized coded samples consisted of sera from healthy control subjects (n = 2), IDDM patients (n = 3), a patient with polyendocrine autoimmunity (n = 1), and duplicate dilutions of plasmapheresis serum from a patient with stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 7932 | 8039593 | Thirteen (38%) assays could reproducibly distinguish dilutions of SMS serum and detect GADAbs in all IDDM and polyendocrine autoimmunity sera tested. |
| 7933 | 8039593 | Several assays, in particular those measuring GAD enzymatic activity immunoprecipitated in fluid phase from rat brain homogenate, showed a prozone-like phenomenon in the SMS dilution curve. |
| 7934 | 8039593 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAbs) are being increasingly used in clinical and research programs for the prediction and classification of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7935 | 8039593 | The 16 lyophilized coded samples consisted of sera from healthy control subjects (n = 2), IDDM patients (n = 3), a patient with polyendocrine autoimmunity (n = 1), and duplicate dilutions of plasmapheresis serum from a patient with stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 7936 | 8039593 | Thirteen (38%) assays could reproducibly distinguish dilutions of SMS serum and detect GADAbs in all IDDM and polyendocrine autoimmunity sera tested. |
| 7937 | 8039593 | Several assays, in particular those measuring GAD enzymatic activity immunoprecipitated in fluid phase from rat brain homogenate, showed a prozone-like phenomenon in the SMS dilution curve. |
| 7938 | 8039593 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAbs) are being increasingly used in clinical and research programs for the prediction and classification of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7939 | 8039593 | The 16 lyophilized coded samples consisted of sera from healthy control subjects (n = 2), IDDM patients (n = 3), a patient with polyendocrine autoimmunity (n = 1), and duplicate dilutions of plasmapheresis serum from a patient with stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 7940 | 8039593 | Thirteen (38%) assays could reproducibly distinguish dilutions of SMS serum and detect GADAbs in all IDDM and polyendocrine autoimmunity sera tested. |
| 7941 | 8039593 | Several assays, in particular those measuring GAD enzymatic activity immunoprecipitated in fluid phase from rat brain homogenate, showed a prozone-like phenomenon in the SMS dilution curve. |
| 7942 | 8039594 | Because oxidant stress may be increased and antioxidant defenses reduced in diabetes, the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification and total peroxyl radical trapping potential (TRAP) of plasma were evaluated in subjects with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7943 | 8042763 | Type I, insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), which becomes manifest before the age of 40, is the result of an absolute deficiency of insulin. |
| 7944 | 8043222 | Some retrospective nonrandomised or cross-sectional studies have shown that higher blood glucose levels are associated with more pronounced microvascular complications in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7945 | 8043635 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients demonstrated a significant increase (by 16 +/- 2.0 mV) in negative surface potential as compared to the control. |
| 7946 | 8048571 | IDDM rats received insulin (3 U.kg-1.day-1) via an osmotic minipump; sham rats received diluent. |
| 7947 | 8050311 | We screened for celiac disease, by means of IgA class anti-endomysium antibodies (EmA), 383 consecutive adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7948 | 8052140 | Lack of association of the transporter associated with antigen processing with Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7949 | 8052140 | The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region is a molecule required for endogenous antigen processing. |
| 7950 | 8052140 | Amino acid substitutions at positions 333 and 637 of TAP1 and at positions 379, 665, and 687 of TAP2 were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method. |
| 7951 | 8052140 | There was no significant difference between IDDM patients and normal controls in the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 7952 | 8052140 | The frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0301 and -DQB1*0401 were increased significantly and those of HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQB1*0501, -DQB1*0601 and -DQB1*0602 were decreased significantly in Japanese IDDM patients compared with normal controls. |
| 7953 | 8052140 | Even when subjects with HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQA1*0301, -DQB1*0302, -DQB1*0303, and -DQB1*0401 were considered separately, no significant differences was found in the distribution of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles between IDDM patients and normal controls. |
| 7954 | 8052140 | Lack of association of the transporter associated with antigen processing with Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7955 | 8052140 | The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region is a molecule required for endogenous antigen processing. |
| 7956 | 8052140 | Amino acid substitutions at positions 333 and 637 of TAP1 and at positions 379, 665, and 687 of TAP2 were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method. |
| 7957 | 8052140 | There was no significant difference between IDDM patients and normal controls in the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 7958 | 8052140 | The frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0301 and -DQB1*0401 were increased significantly and those of HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQB1*0501, -DQB1*0601 and -DQB1*0602 were decreased significantly in Japanese IDDM patients compared with normal controls. |
| 7959 | 8052140 | Even when subjects with HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQA1*0301, -DQB1*0302, -DQB1*0303, and -DQB1*0401 were considered separately, no significant differences was found in the distribution of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles between IDDM patients and normal controls. |
| 7960 | 8052140 | Lack of association of the transporter associated with antigen processing with Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7961 | 8052140 | The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region is a molecule required for endogenous antigen processing. |
| 7962 | 8052140 | Amino acid substitutions at positions 333 and 637 of TAP1 and at positions 379, 665, and 687 of TAP2 were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sequence-specific oligonucleotide method. |
| 7963 | 8052140 | There was no significant difference between IDDM patients and normal controls in the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 7964 | 8052140 | The frequencies of HLA-DQA1*0301 and -DQB1*0401 were increased significantly and those of HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQB1*0501, -DQB1*0601 and -DQB1*0602 were decreased significantly in Japanese IDDM patients compared with normal controls. |
| 7965 | 8052140 | Even when subjects with HLA-DQA1*0103, -DQA1*0301, -DQB1*0302, -DQB1*0303, and -DQB1*0401 were considered separately, no significant differences was found in the distribution of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles between IDDM patients and normal controls. |
| 7966 | 8056041 | Protection from experimental autoimmune diabetes in the non-obese diabetic mouse with soluble interleukin-1 receptor. |
| 7967 | 8056041 | We have evaluated the effects of a treatment with soluble interleukin-1 receptor (sIL-1R) in the accelerated model of autoimmune diabetes induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse. |
| 7968 | 8056041 | In contrast, repeated injections with sIL-1R protected NOD mice from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development in a dose-dependent fashion; the incidence of IDDM was 53.3% (8/15) in the mice treated with 0.2 mg/kg and only 6.7% (1/15) in those treated with 2 mg/kg. |
| 7969 | 8056041 | Importantly, the anti-diabetogenic property of sIL-1R may not involve major T cell function impairment; accordingly, in parallel experiments, splenic lymphoid cells from NOD mice not challenged with CY, but treated with 2 mg/kg sIL-1R for 5 consecutive days showed a normal distribution of mononuclear cell subsets and maintained their capacity to secrete interferon-gamma and IL-2 and to proliferate in response to polyclonal mitogenic stimulation with concanavalin A. |
| 7970 | 8056185 | In IDDM, IL-2 production by CD4-positive T lymphocytes within the IL-2 system is thought to be selectively defective. |
| 7971 | 8056185 | On the other hand, IL-4, which is also produced by CD4-positive T lymphocytes, was increased. |
| 7972 | 8056185 | Since IL-4 did not suppress IL-2 production, it would seem that the IL-2 producing subset in CD4+HLA-DR+ T cells is decreased in IDDM. |
| 7973 | 8056185 | These results suggest that in recent onset IDDM, IL-2 receptor-positive circulating T cells require an IL-2 supply. |
| 7974 | 8056185 | In IDDM, IL-2 production by CD4-positive T lymphocytes within the IL-2 system is thought to be selectively defective. |
| 7975 | 8056185 | On the other hand, IL-4, which is also produced by CD4-positive T lymphocytes, was increased. |
| 7976 | 8056185 | Since IL-4 did not suppress IL-2 production, it would seem that the IL-2 producing subset in CD4+HLA-DR+ T cells is decreased in IDDM. |
| 7977 | 8056185 | These results suggest that in recent onset IDDM, IL-2 receptor-positive circulating T cells require an IL-2 supply. |
| 7978 | 8056186 | We investigated in a randomized, prospective study the influence of improved blood glucose control during 2-3 years in young insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria, which is indicative of early nephropathy. |
| 7979 | 8056188 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with class II molecules of the MHC on chromosome 6, in particular HLA-DR and -DQ alleles, but a pathogenic role for TNF-alpha in the class III region of the MHC has also been implied. |
| 7980 | 8056188 | We therefore tested whether there was any independent association between a biallelic TNF polymorphism and IDDM. |
| 7981 | 8056188 | The TNF2 allele was present in 61 of 114 (54%) IDDM patients compared to 101 of 253 (40%) control subjects (odds ratio 1.73; p < 0.02). |
| 7982 | 8056188 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with class II molecules of the MHC on chromosome 6, in particular HLA-DR and -DQ alleles, but a pathogenic role for TNF-alpha in the class III region of the MHC has also been implied. |
| 7983 | 8056188 | We therefore tested whether there was any independent association between a biallelic TNF polymorphism and IDDM. |
| 7984 | 8056188 | The TNF2 allele was present in 61 of 114 (54%) IDDM patients compared to 101 of 253 (40%) control subjects (odds ratio 1.73; p < 0.02). |
| 7985 | 8056188 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with class II molecules of the MHC on chromosome 6, in particular HLA-DR and -DQ alleles, but a pathogenic role for TNF-alpha in the class III region of the MHC has also been implied. |
| 7986 | 8056188 | We therefore tested whether there was any independent association between a biallelic TNF polymorphism and IDDM. |
| 7987 | 8056188 | The TNF2 allele was present in 61 of 114 (54%) IDDM patients compared to 101 of 253 (40%) control subjects (odds ratio 1.73; p < 0.02). |
| 7988 | 8056187 | With regard to progression to diabetes, ICA cross-reactive with mouse pancreas, antibodies to the M(r) 64,000 islet antigen (64K), antibodies immunotrapping brain GAD activity, and IAA were analysed in 53 ICA-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients and 18 ICA-positive schoolchildren without a family history of diabetes. |
| 7989 | 8058671 | The authors analyze the methodologic problem of calculating the glycemic indexes in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) administered substitution insulin therapy. |
| 7990 | 8061161 | Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1) does not reduce the diabetes incidence in diabetes-prone BB rats. |
| 7991 | 8061161 | The cytokine interleukin 1 beta (IL-1) has been implicated as a pathogenetic factor in the initial events leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 7992 | 8061161 | The results are not in conflict with the hypothesis that IL-1 is a pathogenetic factor in IDDM, caused by high local concentrations of rat IL-1 in the islets during early insulitis. |
| 7993 | 8061353 | The authors evaluated the prevalence, magnitude, and contributing factors for osteopenia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 7994 | 8061353 | Serum ionized calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and urinary calcium, phosphorus, and hydroxyproline were also analyzed. |
| 7995 | 8063005 | Human sciatic nerve phospholipids obtained from non-diabetes mellitus (NDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, after lower extremity amputation, were studied by 31P NMR spectrometry. 2. |
| 7996 | 8063033 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoreactivity against GAD but the diagnostic sensitivity (positivity in disease) and specificity (negativity in health) of isoform-specific GAD antibodies have yet to be defined in assay systems suitable for screening large number of samples. |
| 7997 | 8063033 | One set of IDDM patient (n = 10) and control (n = 50) standard sera were used to develop quantitative antibody assays with in vitro synthesized recombinant 35S-methionine-labelled GAD65 and GAD67, respectively, and protein A-Sepharose to separate free from antibody-bound ligand. |
| 7998 | 8063033 | In the IDDM sera, GAD65 and GAD67 antibodies were concordant in 7% (6 of 81) and GAD65 antibodies and ICA in 89% (72 of 81) without a correlation between the autoantibody levels. |
| 7999 | 8063033 | Autoantibodies to recombinant human islet GAD65 are specific and sensitive markers for childhood IDDM in this immunoassay with in vitro synthesized 35S-methionine-labelled recombinant GAD. |
| 8000 | 8063033 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoreactivity against GAD but the diagnostic sensitivity (positivity in disease) and specificity (negativity in health) of isoform-specific GAD antibodies have yet to be defined in assay systems suitable for screening large number of samples. |
| 8001 | 8063033 | One set of IDDM patient (n = 10) and control (n = 50) standard sera were used to develop quantitative antibody assays with in vitro synthesized recombinant 35S-methionine-labelled GAD65 and GAD67, respectively, and protein A-Sepharose to separate free from antibody-bound ligand. |
| 8002 | 8063033 | In the IDDM sera, GAD65 and GAD67 antibodies were concordant in 7% (6 of 81) and GAD65 antibodies and ICA in 89% (72 of 81) without a correlation between the autoantibody levels. |
| 8003 | 8063033 | Autoantibodies to recombinant human islet GAD65 are specific and sensitive markers for childhood IDDM in this immunoassay with in vitro synthesized 35S-methionine-labelled recombinant GAD. |
| 8004 | 8063033 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoreactivity against GAD but the diagnostic sensitivity (positivity in disease) and specificity (negativity in health) of isoform-specific GAD antibodies have yet to be defined in assay systems suitable for screening large number of samples. |
| 8005 | 8063033 | One set of IDDM patient (n = 10) and control (n = 50) standard sera were used to develop quantitative antibody assays with in vitro synthesized recombinant 35S-methionine-labelled GAD65 and GAD67, respectively, and protein A-Sepharose to separate free from antibody-bound ligand. |
| 8006 | 8063033 | In the IDDM sera, GAD65 and GAD67 antibodies were concordant in 7% (6 of 81) and GAD65 antibodies and ICA in 89% (72 of 81) without a correlation between the autoantibody levels. |
| 8007 | 8063033 | Autoantibodies to recombinant human islet GAD65 are specific and sensitive markers for childhood IDDM in this immunoassay with in vitro synthesized 35S-methionine-labelled recombinant GAD. |
| 8008 | 8063033 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoreactivity against GAD but the diagnostic sensitivity (positivity in disease) and specificity (negativity in health) of isoform-specific GAD antibodies have yet to be defined in assay systems suitable for screening large number of samples. |
| 8009 | 8063033 | One set of IDDM patient (n = 10) and control (n = 50) standard sera were used to develop quantitative antibody assays with in vitro synthesized recombinant 35S-methionine-labelled GAD65 and GAD67, respectively, and protein A-Sepharose to separate free from antibody-bound ligand. |
| 8010 | 8063033 | In the IDDM sera, GAD65 and GAD67 antibodies were concordant in 7% (6 of 81) and GAD65 antibodies and ICA in 89% (72 of 81) without a correlation between the autoantibody levels. |
| 8011 | 8063033 | Autoantibodies to recombinant human islet GAD65 are specific and sensitive markers for childhood IDDM in this immunoassay with in vitro synthesized 35S-methionine-labelled recombinant GAD. |
| 8012 | 8063040 | Those high risk siblings who progress to clinical IDDM are characterized by young age, strong and increasing signs of islet-cell specific autoimmunity, reduced insulin secreting capacity and emerging glucose intolerance. |
| 8013 | 8064245 | Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in NOD mice. |
| 8014 | 8064245 | To assess the potential role of this cytokine in the early development of autoimmunity, we investigated the effect of TNF on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a spontaneous murine model for autoimmune, insulin-dependent type I diabetes. |
| 8015 | 8064775 | Hypertension, one of the most frequent and important complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), usually begins in the second decade of the disease and is rare in childhood. |
| 8016 | 8067018 | Content of chemical elements (CE) in washed out erythrocytes was studied by nuclear-absorptive spectroscopy in 26 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 26 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 29 healthy subjects. |
| 8017 | 8067018 | Increased erythrocyte content of zinc in IDDM may be explained by uptake of prolonged insulin used for substituting treatment. |
| 8018 | 8067018 | Content of chemical elements (CE) in washed out erythrocytes was studied by nuclear-absorptive spectroscopy in 26 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 26 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 29 healthy subjects. |
| 8019 | 8067018 | Increased erythrocyte content of zinc in IDDM may be explained by uptake of prolonged insulin used for substituting treatment. |
| 8020 | 8070306 | Macrophages are present in the initial phase of the autoimmune process involved in the destruction of the endocrine pancreas in IDDM via the secretion of cytokines such as IL-1 beta. |
| 8021 | 8070306 | We investigate the protective role of human lysozyme in vitro against the cytotoxic effect of IL-1 beta or of IL-1 beta combined with IFN-gamma on isolated rat islets. |
| 8022 | 8070306 | Pretreatment of the islets by human lysozyme does not prevent the reduction of the insulin secretion induced by IL-1 beta. |
| 8023 | 8070306 | In conclusion, only human lysozyme seems to have a protective effect against the cytotoxicity of IL-1 in combination or not with IFN-gamma on islet cells in vitro. |
| 8024 | 8070615 | Immune reactivity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a pancreatic islet autoantigen, is present at the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8025 | 8070615 | Because GAD is also highly expressed in the nervous system, we investigated the presence of autoantibodies to the isoform GAD65 in patients with diabetic neuropathy, which is a debilitating complication of the disease. |
| 8026 | 8071495 | Women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at high risk of developing complications in pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes improve with preconceptual counseling. |
| 8027 | 8072542 | In addition to IDDM1 (in the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6p21) and IDDM2 (in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15), eighteen different chromosome regions showed some positive evidence of linkage to disease. |
| 8028 | 8072542 | Linkages to chromosomes 11q (IDDM4) and 6q (IDDM5) were confirmed by replication, and chromosome 18 may encode a fifth disease locus. |
| 8029 | 8072544 | Loci in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 and the insulin (INS) region on chromosome 11 have been implicated in susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) through candidate gene investigations, but they may account for less than 50% of genetic risk for the disease. |
| 8030 | 8072544 | Here we report evidence for the localization of a previously undetected susceptibility locus for IDDM in the region of the FGF3 gene on chromosome 11q. |
| 8031 | 8072544 | Loci in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6 and the insulin (INS) region on chromosome 11 have been implicated in susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) through candidate gene investigations, but they may account for less than 50% of genetic risk for the disease. |
| 8032 | 8072544 | Here we report evidence for the localization of a previously undetected susceptibility locus for IDDM in the region of the FGF3 gene on chromosome 11q. |
| 8033 | 8072993 | The authors analyze the results of comprehensive, prospective, controlled investigation of the program for intensive care and training of 121 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8034 | 8073010 | Children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined for unsaturation, that is, total quantity of double bonds in individual fractions of blood serum lipids was assessed. |
| 8035 | 8074065 | Milk lipid and fatty acids were measured from women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a comparison group of women without diabetes, and reference women. |
| 8036 | 8074648 | Interleukin-1 beta induced activation of NF-kappa B in insulin producing RINm5F cells is prevented by the protease inhibitor N alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethylketone. |
| 8037 | 8074648 | The cytokine Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is known to exert cytotoxic effects upon rodent beta-cells in vitro by inducing nitric oxide production and has therefore been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8038 | 8074648 | Using the insulin producing rat cell line RINm5F and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), it was presently found that IL-1 beta induced a rapid activation (5 min) of the transcription factor NF-kappa B and that this event was prevented by the protease inhibitor N alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethylketone (TLCK). |
| 8039 | 8074648 | It is concluded that NF-kappa B activation may be a necessary signal for IL-1 beta induced beta-cell damage and that this process can be modulated by specific protease and NF-kappa B inhibitors. |
| 8040 | 8077324 | The aim of the present study was to determine if differing concentrations of insulin can modify the counterregulatory response to equivalent fixed hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent-diabetic subjects (IDDM). |
| 8041 | 8077324 | Experiments were carried out in seven lean, overnight-fasted, moderately controlled (hemoglobin A1c, 10.9%; normal range, 5-9) IDDM subjects with a disease duration of 13 +/- 3 yr. |
| 8042 | 8077324 | In response to hypoglycemia, plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, GH, and pancreatic polypeptide increased similarly during both insulin infusions. |
| 8043 | 8077324 | We conclude that 1) insulin per se does not amplify the counterregulatory response to equivalent hypoglycemia in individuals with moderately controlled, long duration IDDM; and 2) there may be a relative autonomic adrenomedullary deficit in some IDDM subjects that prevents the amplified epinephrine response to hyperinsulinemia during hypoglycemia. |
| 8044 | 8077324 | The aim of the present study was to determine if differing concentrations of insulin can modify the counterregulatory response to equivalent fixed hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent-diabetic subjects (IDDM). |
| 8045 | 8077324 | Experiments were carried out in seven lean, overnight-fasted, moderately controlled (hemoglobin A1c, 10.9%; normal range, 5-9) IDDM subjects with a disease duration of 13 +/- 3 yr. |
| 8046 | 8077324 | In response to hypoglycemia, plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, GH, and pancreatic polypeptide increased similarly during both insulin infusions. |
| 8047 | 8077324 | We conclude that 1) insulin per se does not amplify the counterregulatory response to equivalent hypoglycemia in individuals with moderately controlled, long duration IDDM; and 2) there may be a relative autonomic adrenomedullary deficit in some IDDM subjects that prevents the amplified epinephrine response to hyperinsulinemia during hypoglycemia. |
| 8048 | 8077324 | The aim of the present study was to determine if differing concentrations of insulin can modify the counterregulatory response to equivalent fixed hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent-diabetic subjects (IDDM). |
| 8049 | 8077324 | Experiments were carried out in seven lean, overnight-fasted, moderately controlled (hemoglobin A1c, 10.9%; normal range, 5-9) IDDM subjects with a disease duration of 13 +/- 3 yr. |
| 8050 | 8077324 | In response to hypoglycemia, plasma levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, GH, and pancreatic polypeptide increased similarly during both insulin infusions. |
| 8051 | 8077324 | We conclude that 1) insulin per se does not amplify the counterregulatory response to equivalent hypoglycemia in individuals with moderately controlled, long duration IDDM; and 2) there may be a relative autonomic adrenomedullary deficit in some IDDM subjects that prevents the amplified epinephrine response to hyperinsulinemia during hypoglycemia. |
| 8052 | 8082309 | Possible association of CD3 and CD4 polymorphisms with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8053 | 8082309 | In the present study the association of polymorphisms in the CD4 and the delta subunit of CD3 with IDDM were examined in a Belgian population. |
| 8054 | 8082309 | These results therefore suggest that CD4, CD3 or neighbouring genes might contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 8055 | 8082309 | Possible association of CD3 and CD4 polymorphisms with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8056 | 8082309 | In the present study the association of polymorphisms in the CD4 and the delta subunit of CD3 with IDDM were examined in a Belgian population. |
| 8057 | 8082309 | These results therefore suggest that CD4, CD3 or neighbouring genes might contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 8058 | 8082309 | Possible association of CD3 and CD4 polymorphisms with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8059 | 8082309 | In the present study the association of polymorphisms in the CD4 and the delta subunit of CD3 with IDDM were examined in a Belgian population. |
| 8060 | 8082309 | These results therefore suggest that CD4, CD3 or neighbouring genes might contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 8061 | 8084280 | The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), although the mechanism remains unclear. |
| 8062 | 8084294 | The increased cardiovascular risk experienced by patients (particularly women) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not fully explained by conventional risk factors including lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. |
| 8063 | 8084294 | Furthermore, there was a correlation between glycemic control (hemoglobin A1 [HBA1]) and TBARS in diabetic men, but not in women (P < .01). |
| 8064 | 8086653 | Microalbuminuria is thought to be rare in people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for less than 5 years. |
| 8065 | 8086653 | In conclusion, these two studies in 36 centers, which used different methods more than 10 years apart, show consistently that raised urinary albumin excretion occurs before 5 years of IDDM. |
| 8066 | 8086653 | Microalbuminuria is thought to be rare in people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for less than 5 years. |
| 8067 | 8086653 | In conclusion, these two studies in 36 centers, which used different methods more than 10 years apart, show consistently that raised urinary albumin excretion occurs before 5 years of IDDM. |
| 8068 | 8088109 | The purpose of the present study was to determine the cumulative probability of the first diabetes-related rehospitalization within the initial 2.5 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among newly diagnosed children, and to identify risk factors that can be determined shortly after IDDM-onset. |
| 8069 | 8088222 | A review of diabetes management problems will be presented from the biased perspective of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), their families, and the team of professionals who attempt to provide broadly based quality care to ensure that these young people move into effective adult life with minimal physical and/or emotional disability from the disease or its management. |
| 8070 | 8088293 | Microalbuminuria is generally accepted to be highly predictive of overt diabetic nephropathy which is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure and, consequently, of death in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8071 | 8088711 | Metabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor I in normal humans. |
| 8072 | 8088711 | Since the development of recombinant DNA technology, there has been a rapid expansion of interest in the use of human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) synthesized by recombinant DNA technology for the treatment of clinical disorders. |
| 8073 | 8088711 | These studies demonstrated that under euglycemic conditions, IGF-I had potent effects on glucose (hepatic and peripheral), lipid and amino acid metabolism that closely resemble those of insulin, despite a concomitant inhibitory effect on insulin secretion. |
| 8074 | 8088711 | Studies performed under hyperglycemic conditions showed that IGF-I inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, but that this inhibitory effect was partially overcome by increasing the hyperglycemic stimulus. |
| 8075 | 8088711 | Moreover, despite the decrease in insulin secretion, glucose disposal was accelerated by IGF-I. |
| 8076 | 8088711 | In particular, normalization of the decreased basal IGF-I levels, which are characteristic of poorly controlled patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in pubertal patients might lower glucagon and GH levels and improve cellular metabolism in muscle. |
| 8077 | 8088756 | Rh E-PGM1 (phosphoglucomutase locus 1) joint genotype frequencies (chromosome 1) have been determined in 90 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in 140 pregnant women with preexisting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8078 | 8088756 | Genotype frequencies of the hypervariable region flanking the insulin gene (chromosome 11) have been determined in 77 women with GDM, in 52 pregnant women with preexisting diabetes (IDDM and NIDDM), and in 62 normal adults. |
| 8079 | 8088756 | Rh E-PGM1 (phosphoglucomutase locus 1) joint genotype frequencies (chromosome 1) have been determined in 90 women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and in 140 pregnant women with preexisting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8080 | 8088756 | Genotype frequencies of the hypervariable region flanking the insulin gene (chromosome 11) have been determined in 77 women with GDM, in 52 pregnant women with preexisting diabetes (IDDM and NIDDM), and in 62 normal adults. |
| 8081 | 8090207 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease whose onset is believed to be triggered by unknown environmental factors acting on a predisposing genetic background. |
| 8082 | 8091976 | Two cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under insulin treatment with slow height velocity: relationship of growth hormone-binding protein, metabolic control and growth. |
| 8083 | 8091976 | Inadequate blood sugar control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sometimes results in low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and sluggish height growth. |
| 8084 | 8091976 | We have determined GHBP activity in two cases of poorly controlled IDDM with low height velocity in relation to metabolic control in order to determine the mechanism of resistance to GH in this condition, as indicated by low levels of GH-dependent growth factor IGF-I in the face of high serum GH levels. |
| 8085 | 8091976 | GHBP activity was within the normal range in two cases of IDDM with slow height velocity, low IGF-I and high hemoglobin-A1. |
| 8086 | 8091976 | In both cases, improved blood sugar control normalized IGF-I to result in accelerated height velocity without a major change in GHBP levels. |
| 8087 | 8091976 | Two cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under insulin treatment with slow height velocity: relationship of growth hormone-binding protein, metabolic control and growth. |
| 8088 | 8091976 | Inadequate blood sugar control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sometimes results in low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and sluggish height growth. |
| 8089 | 8091976 | We have determined GHBP activity in two cases of poorly controlled IDDM with low height velocity in relation to metabolic control in order to determine the mechanism of resistance to GH in this condition, as indicated by low levels of GH-dependent growth factor IGF-I in the face of high serum GH levels. |
| 8090 | 8091976 | GHBP activity was within the normal range in two cases of IDDM with slow height velocity, low IGF-I and high hemoglobin-A1. |
| 8091 | 8091976 | In both cases, improved blood sugar control normalized IGF-I to result in accelerated height velocity without a major change in GHBP levels. |
| 8092 | 8091976 | Two cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus under insulin treatment with slow height velocity: relationship of growth hormone-binding protein, metabolic control and growth. |
| 8093 | 8091976 | Inadequate blood sugar control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sometimes results in low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and sluggish height growth. |
| 8094 | 8091976 | We have determined GHBP activity in two cases of poorly controlled IDDM with low height velocity in relation to metabolic control in order to determine the mechanism of resistance to GH in this condition, as indicated by low levels of GH-dependent growth factor IGF-I in the face of high serum GH levels. |
| 8095 | 8091976 | GHBP activity was within the normal range in two cases of IDDM with slow height velocity, low IGF-I and high hemoglobin-A1. |
| 8096 | 8091976 | In both cases, improved blood sugar control normalized IGF-I to result in accelerated height velocity without a major change in GHBP levels. |
| 8097 | 8093442 | Association of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and class II major histocompatibility complex alleles with the secretion of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by human mononuclear cells: a possible link to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8098 | 8093442 | We have investigated the correlation between different tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and class II major histocompatibility complex alleles in the lipopolysaccharide- or phytohemagglutinin-induced secretion of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 87 unrelated Danish male individuals. |
| 8099 | 8093442 | Significant differences in TNF-alpha secretory capacity between TNF NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphisms, TNFa and TNFc microsatellite alleles and DR alleles were identified. |
| 8100 | 8093442 | In a group of DR3/DR4 heterozygous patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the frequency of the TNFa2 allele was higher than in HLA-DR matched controls, whereas the TNFa6 allele was more frequent in control individuals. |
| 8101 | 8093442 | In the DR3/DR4 heterozygous diabetic group 12/26 had the alleles combination DQw8, DR4 (Dw4), C4A3, TNFB*2, TNFa2, B15, whereas only 1/18 controls had this haplotype. |
| 8102 | 8093442 | This diabetogenic haplotype is identical to the DR4 haplotype which correlates with a higher TNF-alpha response. |
| 8103 | 8093442 | These observations suggest a direct role for the TNF locus in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8104 | 8093442 | Association of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and class II major histocompatibility complex alleles with the secretion of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by human mononuclear cells: a possible link to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8105 | 8093442 | We have investigated the correlation between different tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and class II major histocompatibility complex alleles in the lipopolysaccharide- or phytohemagglutinin-induced secretion of TNF-alpha and TNF-beta by human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 87 unrelated Danish male individuals. |
| 8106 | 8093442 | Significant differences in TNF-alpha secretory capacity between TNF NcoI restriction fragment length polymorphisms, TNFa and TNFc microsatellite alleles and DR alleles were identified. |
| 8107 | 8093442 | In a group of DR3/DR4 heterozygous patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the frequency of the TNFa2 allele was higher than in HLA-DR matched controls, whereas the TNFa6 allele was more frequent in control individuals. |
| 8108 | 8093442 | In the DR3/DR4 heterozygous diabetic group 12/26 had the alleles combination DQw8, DR4 (Dw4), C4A3, TNFB*2, TNFa2, B15, whereas only 1/18 controls had this haplotype. |
| 8109 | 8093442 | This diabetogenic haplotype is identical to the DR4 haplotype which correlates with a higher TNF-alpha response. |
| 8110 | 8093442 | These observations suggest a direct role for the TNF locus in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8111 | 8094039 | Using RFLPs at V beta 11 and V beta 8 loci TCR beta haplotypes have been identified in five families in which the probands have insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8112 | 8094039 | An extremely rare haplotype, marked by the higher molecular weight BamH1 allele (H, H) at each of V beta 11 and V beta 8, was found in the DR4+ DR3- probands of two families (P = 0.004). |
| 8113 | 8099307 | The association of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene HincII RFLP with diabetes mellitus and its lipid metabolism was studied in 196 Chinese with PCR gene amplification. 16 IDDM and 75 NIDDM were included. |
| 8114 | 8099884 | We studied the relationship between residual beta-cell function and HLA class I and class II antigens in 111 unrelated Japanese IDDM patients. |
| 8115 | 8099884 | DNA typing for HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 antigens was performed in addition to serological typing of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-DR antigens. |
| 8116 | 8100786 | The NOD mouse may have as many as 10 susceptibility genes, including its novel IA major histocompatibility complex antigen and a defective interferon-gamma receptor, whereas human IDDM is so far known to be encoded by cis and trans complementation products of certain DQ genes on chromosome 6q, and a gene in the insulin-like growth factor II region on chromosome 11p. |
| 8117 | 8100786 | Islet cell antibody negative siblings of IDDM patients appear to have lower than expected abilities to secrete insulin in response to intravenous glucose. |
| 8118 | 8100786 | Sera from patients before and/or after developing IDDM immunoprecipitate two native proteins of 64,000- and 38,000-M(r) glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) reacting to conformational epitopes. |
| 8119 | 8100786 | It can be induced by as disparate means as tuberculin antigen administration, by interleukin-4 treatments, by transfer of T-cell lines generated in autologous mixed lymphocyte responses, and by immunization to insulin B-chain, whereas oral islet cell antigens, such as insulin, can delay diabetes onset in the NOD mouse. |
| 8120 | 8100786 | The NOD mouse may have as many as 10 susceptibility genes, including its novel IA major histocompatibility complex antigen and a defective interferon-gamma receptor, whereas human IDDM is so far known to be encoded by cis and trans complementation products of certain DQ genes on chromosome 6q, and a gene in the insulin-like growth factor II region on chromosome 11p. |
| 8121 | 8100786 | Islet cell antibody negative siblings of IDDM patients appear to have lower than expected abilities to secrete insulin in response to intravenous glucose. |
| 8122 | 8100786 | Sera from patients before and/or after developing IDDM immunoprecipitate two native proteins of 64,000- and 38,000-M(r) glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) reacting to conformational epitopes. |
| 8123 | 8100786 | It can be induced by as disparate means as tuberculin antigen administration, by interleukin-4 treatments, by transfer of T-cell lines generated in autologous mixed lymphocyte responses, and by immunization to insulin B-chain, whereas oral islet cell antigens, such as insulin, can delay diabetes onset in the NOD mouse. |
| 8124 | 8100786 | The NOD mouse may have as many as 10 susceptibility genes, including its novel IA major histocompatibility complex antigen and a defective interferon-gamma receptor, whereas human IDDM is so far known to be encoded by cis and trans complementation products of certain DQ genes on chromosome 6q, and a gene in the insulin-like growth factor II region on chromosome 11p. |
| 8125 | 8100786 | Islet cell antibody negative siblings of IDDM patients appear to have lower than expected abilities to secrete insulin in response to intravenous glucose. |
| 8126 | 8100786 | Sera from patients before and/or after developing IDDM immunoprecipitate two native proteins of 64,000- and 38,000-M(r) glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) reacting to conformational epitopes. |
| 8127 | 8100786 | It can be induced by as disparate means as tuberculin antigen administration, by interleukin-4 treatments, by transfer of T-cell lines generated in autologous mixed lymphocyte responses, and by immunization to insulin B-chain, whereas oral islet cell antigens, such as insulin, can delay diabetes onset in the NOD mouse. |
| 8128 | 8101862 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease marked by hyperglycemia and mononuclear cell infiltration of insulin-producing beta islet cells. |
| 8129 | 8101862 | Predisposition to IDDM in humans has been linked to the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and islet cells often become aberrantly class II positive during the course of the disease. |
| 8130 | 8101862 | These results suggest that in this model of autoimmune diabetes, CD4+ T cells and MHC class II molecules are not required for the development of disease. |
| 8131 | 8101862 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease marked by hyperglycemia and mononuclear cell infiltration of insulin-producing beta islet cells. |
| 8132 | 8101862 | Predisposition to IDDM in humans has been linked to the class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and islet cells often become aberrantly class II positive during the course of the disease. |
| 8133 | 8101862 | These results suggest that in this model of autoimmune diabetes, CD4+ T cells and MHC class II molecules are not required for the development of disease. |
| 8134 | 8102666 | An important defect in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is that the liver does not meet its full fuel-processing function, because many of the enzymes involved depend on high insulin concentrations in the portal vein. |
| 8135 | 8102666 | We tried to reactivate the liver by long-term treatment of IDDM patients with intravenous insulin in pulses, with the aim of achieving high portal-vein concentrations during and after a glucose meal. |
| 8136 | 8102666 | We studied 20 IDDM patients with brittle disease; despite use of a four-injection regimen with manipulation of insulin doses, diet, and physical activity, and frequent clinic visits for at least a year, these patients still had wide swings in blood glucose and frequent hypoglycaemic reactions. |
| 8137 | 8102666 | An important defect in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is that the liver does not meet its full fuel-processing function, because many of the enzymes involved depend on high insulin concentrations in the portal vein. |
| 8138 | 8102666 | We tried to reactivate the liver by long-term treatment of IDDM patients with intravenous insulin in pulses, with the aim of achieving high portal-vein concentrations during and after a glucose meal. |
| 8139 | 8102666 | We studied 20 IDDM patients with brittle disease; despite use of a four-injection regimen with manipulation of insulin doses, diet, and physical activity, and frequent clinic visits for at least a year, these patients still had wide swings in blood glucose and frequent hypoglycaemic reactions. |
| 8140 | 8102666 | An important defect in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is that the liver does not meet its full fuel-processing function, because many of the enzymes involved depend on high insulin concentrations in the portal vein. |
| 8141 | 8102666 | We tried to reactivate the liver by long-term treatment of IDDM patients with intravenous insulin in pulses, with the aim of achieving high portal-vein concentrations during and after a glucose meal. |
| 8142 | 8102666 | We studied 20 IDDM patients with brittle disease; despite use of a four-injection regimen with manipulation of insulin doses, diet, and physical activity, and frequent clinic visits for at least a year, these patients still had wide swings in blood glucose and frequent hypoglycaemic reactions. |
| 8143 | 8104274 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with neurological disorders. |
| 8144 | 8104599 | Our results thus indicate that in contrast with insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) where an elevated Na-Li CT is observed, with diabetic nephropathy, Na-Li CT in NIDDM is apparently not associated with nephropathy; rather the ouabain-insensitive Na efflux appears to be correlated with the stages of nephropathy in NIDDM. |
| 8145 | 8106272 | This study has investigated the genetic basis of the heterogeneous autoimmune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in 179 Australian patients with IDDM. |
| 8146 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD have been correlated with HLA-DQB1 alleles and genotypes, as determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridizations after polymerase chain reaction was applied to exon 2 of the DQ beta 1 gene. |
| 8147 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ2 was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in IDDM patients with antibodies to GAD. |
| 8148 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in 64% of 72 DQ2.8 patients, in 55% of 29 DQ2.2 or DQ8.8 patients and in 41% of 78 patients with other HLA-DQB1 genotypes. |
| 8149 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ genotype association with autoimmunity to GAD was statistically significant (p = 0.02) and reflected early formation of antibodies to GAD, rather than an HLA association with persistence of antibodies to GAD, since the genotype effect was more evident (p = 0.02) in those with more recent onset (0-5 years) of IDDM. |
| 8150 | 8106272 | Multivariate analysis showed that HLA-DQB1 genotypes had a more significant impact on antibodies to GAD than either duration or age of onset of IDDM. |
| 8151 | 8106272 | In patients with IDDM in childhood, only a minority had low-risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes (37%) when compared with those with onset in adulthood (62%) (p = 0.005). |
| 8152 | 8106272 | This study has investigated the genetic basis of the heterogeneous autoimmune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in 179 Australian patients with IDDM. |
| 8153 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD have been correlated with HLA-DQB1 alleles and genotypes, as determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridizations after polymerase chain reaction was applied to exon 2 of the DQ beta 1 gene. |
| 8154 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ2 was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in IDDM patients with antibodies to GAD. |
| 8155 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in 64% of 72 DQ2.8 patients, in 55% of 29 DQ2.2 or DQ8.8 patients and in 41% of 78 patients with other HLA-DQB1 genotypes. |
| 8156 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ genotype association with autoimmunity to GAD was statistically significant (p = 0.02) and reflected early formation of antibodies to GAD, rather than an HLA association with persistence of antibodies to GAD, since the genotype effect was more evident (p = 0.02) in those with more recent onset (0-5 years) of IDDM. |
| 8157 | 8106272 | Multivariate analysis showed that HLA-DQB1 genotypes had a more significant impact on antibodies to GAD than either duration or age of onset of IDDM. |
| 8158 | 8106272 | In patients with IDDM in childhood, only a minority had low-risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes (37%) when compared with those with onset in adulthood (62%) (p = 0.005). |
| 8159 | 8106272 | This study has investigated the genetic basis of the heterogeneous autoimmune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in 179 Australian patients with IDDM. |
| 8160 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD have been correlated with HLA-DQB1 alleles and genotypes, as determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridizations after polymerase chain reaction was applied to exon 2 of the DQ beta 1 gene. |
| 8161 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ2 was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in IDDM patients with antibodies to GAD. |
| 8162 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in 64% of 72 DQ2.8 patients, in 55% of 29 DQ2.2 or DQ8.8 patients and in 41% of 78 patients with other HLA-DQB1 genotypes. |
| 8163 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ genotype association with autoimmunity to GAD was statistically significant (p = 0.02) and reflected early formation of antibodies to GAD, rather than an HLA association with persistence of antibodies to GAD, since the genotype effect was more evident (p = 0.02) in those with more recent onset (0-5 years) of IDDM. |
| 8164 | 8106272 | Multivariate analysis showed that HLA-DQB1 genotypes had a more significant impact on antibodies to GAD than either duration or age of onset of IDDM. |
| 8165 | 8106272 | In patients with IDDM in childhood, only a minority had low-risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes (37%) when compared with those with onset in adulthood (62%) (p = 0.005). |
| 8166 | 8106272 | This study has investigated the genetic basis of the heterogeneous autoimmune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in 179 Australian patients with IDDM. |
| 8167 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD have been correlated with HLA-DQB1 alleles and genotypes, as determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridizations after polymerase chain reaction was applied to exon 2 of the DQ beta 1 gene. |
| 8168 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ2 was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in IDDM patients with antibodies to GAD. |
| 8169 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in 64% of 72 DQ2.8 patients, in 55% of 29 DQ2.2 or DQ8.8 patients and in 41% of 78 patients with other HLA-DQB1 genotypes. |
| 8170 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ genotype association with autoimmunity to GAD was statistically significant (p = 0.02) and reflected early formation of antibodies to GAD, rather than an HLA association with persistence of antibodies to GAD, since the genotype effect was more evident (p = 0.02) in those with more recent onset (0-5 years) of IDDM. |
| 8171 | 8106272 | Multivariate analysis showed that HLA-DQB1 genotypes had a more significant impact on antibodies to GAD than either duration or age of onset of IDDM. |
| 8172 | 8106272 | In patients with IDDM in childhood, only a minority had low-risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes (37%) when compared with those with onset in adulthood (62%) (p = 0.005). |
| 8173 | 8106272 | This study has investigated the genetic basis of the heterogeneous autoimmune response to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in 179 Australian patients with IDDM. |
| 8174 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD have been correlated with HLA-DQB1 alleles and genotypes, as determined by sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridizations after polymerase chain reaction was applied to exon 2 of the DQ beta 1 gene. |
| 8175 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ2 was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in IDDM patients with antibodies to GAD. |
| 8176 | 8106272 | Antibodies to GAD were detected in 64% of 72 DQ2.8 patients, in 55% of 29 DQ2.2 or DQ8.8 patients and in 41% of 78 patients with other HLA-DQB1 genotypes. |
| 8177 | 8106272 | HLA-DQ genotype association with autoimmunity to GAD was statistically significant (p = 0.02) and reflected early formation of antibodies to GAD, rather than an HLA association with persistence of antibodies to GAD, since the genotype effect was more evident (p = 0.02) in those with more recent onset (0-5 years) of IDDM. |
| 8178 | 8106272 | Multivariate analysis showed that HLA-DQB1 genotypes had a more significant impact on antibodies to GAD than either duration or age of onset of IDDM. |
| 8179 | 8106272 | In patients with IDDM in childhood, only a minority had low-risk HLA-DQB1 genotypes (37%) when compared with those with onset in adulthood (62%) (p = 0.005). |
| 8180 | 8106988 | Pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at significant risk for blood glucose alterations when undergoing surgery. |
| 8181 | 8106988 | This article reviews the physiological dynamics of IDDM and the stress response; perioperative insulin dosing; and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative insulin and fluid management. |
| 8182 | 8106988 | Pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at significant risk for blood glucose alterations when undergoing surgery. |
| 8183 | 8106988 | This article reviews the physiological dynamics of IDDM and the stress response; perioperative insulin dosing; and preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative insulin and fluid management. |
| 8184 | 8108194 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously known as the 64-kD pancreatic islet cell autoantigen, are an important serologic marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8185 | 8108194 | Antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) were examined in sera from Australian children with newly diagnosed IDDM (within 1 mo of diagnosis), IDDM of longer duration (mean +/- SD, 4.8 +/- 3.3 y), and in first-degree relatives, using a radioimmuno-precipitation assay with purified porcine brain GAD as antigen. |
| 8186 | 8108194 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously known as the 64-kD pancreatic islet cell autoantigen, are an important serologic marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8187 | 8108194 | Antibodies to GAD (anti-GAD) were examined in sera from Australian children with newly diagnosed IDDM (within 1 mo of diagnosis), IDDM of longer duration (mean +/- SD, 4.8 +/- 3.3 y), and in first-degree relatives, using a radioimmuno-precipitation assay with purified porcine brain GAD as antigen. |
| 8188 | 8108338 | Viral infection is one of the factors provoking the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8189 | 8110430 | The relationship between erythrocyte cation transport systems and membrane and plasma lipids was examined in normal men and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8190 | 8127828 | Clinical symptoms and progress of pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) were compared for 110 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 40 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8191 | 8129344 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children (aged 12-17 years) were found to have significantly lower fasting GH levels than age-matched normal children (p < 0.001). |
| 8192 | 8129344 | In the adult age groups of 18-44 and 45-76 years, the IDDM patients showed increased fasting GH levels compared to age-matched normal subjects (p < 0.06 and p < 0.001 respectively) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). |
| 8193 | 8129344 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) children (aged 12-17 years) were found to have significantly lower fasting GH levels than age-matched normal children (p < 0.001). |
| 8194 | 8129344 | In the adult age groups of 18-44 and 45-76 years, the IDDM patients showed increased fasting GH levels compared to age-matched normal subjects (p < 0.06 and p < 0.001 respectively) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). |
| 8195 | 8135805 | Cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) was assayed immunochemically in hearts from rats with insulin-dependent (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8196 | 8136460 | It has been suggested that pancreatic beta-cell destruction occurring during the process leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves formation of nitric oxide (NO). |
| 8197 | 8136460 | We have presently studied the effect of aminoguanidine (AG), which has recently been reported to inhibit generation of NO induced by the cytokine interleukin-1 beta. |
| 8198 | 8137568 | This was an analysis of the renal investigations performed in 248 cyclosporin A (CyA)-treated patients who had recent-onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to assess the clinicopathological relationships, risk factors and predictive indices of CyA nephrotoxicity, and renal function observed with different CyA treatment regimens. |
| 8199 | 8137634 | These animals were utilized as models for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), respectively. |
| 8200 | 8137694 | The sample consisted of 179 individuals with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8201 | 8137701 | They also were more likely to have non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) than insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8202 | 8137704 | Participants were 69 children ages 9 to 15 years, with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), who attended a diabetes camp. |
| 8203 | 8137719 | Among those who had never previously received insulin therapy, RIA showed positive results in 5/11 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 1/2 patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD); but were negative in all 26 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 30 normal healthy individuals. |
| 8204 | 8137719 | The commercial ELISA kit could detect such insulin autoantibodies (IAA) in 4/11 IDDM, 3/26 NIDDM, 2/2 FCPD patients and 4/30 normal controls; while the displacement ELISA showed positive IAA detection in 5/11 IDDM, 2/26 NIDDM, 2/2 FCPD and 2/30 normal controls. |
| 8205 | 8137719 | Among those who had never previously received insulin therapy, RIA showed positive results in 5/11 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 1/2 patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD); but were negative in all 26 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 30 normal healthy individuals. |
| 8206 | 8137719 | The commercial ELISA kit could detect such insulin autoantibodies (IAA) in 4/11 IDDM, 3/26 NIDDM, 2/2 FCPD patients and 4/30 normal controls; while the displacement ELISA showed positive IAA detection in 5/11 IDDM, 2/26 NIDDM, 2/2 FCPD and 2/30 normal controls. |
| 8207 | 8138185 | To determine whether alteration in serum antioxidant status is related to the increased oxidative stress as a cause of diabetic angiopathy, we measured both the antioxidant activity (AOA) and total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and their component individual antioxidants in serum of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8208 | 8138185 | Antioxidants measured were ceruloplasmin, transferrin, and albumin as components of AOA; and ascorbic acid, uric acid, protein sulfhydryl, and alpha-tocopherol as components of TRAP. |
| 8209 | 8139482 | This study compared the lipoprotein composition of nondiabetic controls (n = 68) with that of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ([IDDM] n = 13) and of patients with IDDM and CRF ([IDDM + CRF] n = 74). |
| 8210 | 8139482 | The IDDM + CRF group had multiple abnormalities including (1) elevated TG, apolipoprotein (apo) C-II, and apo C-III levels in all lipid subfractions; (2) elevated VLDL and IDL apo B, TG, FC, cholesterol ester (CE), and phospholipid (PL) levels (with an increased CE/TG ratio in VLDL only); (3) decreased HDL-M apo A-I, apo A-II, CE, and PL levels, but an increased HDL-D apo A-I level; and (4) decreased lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. |
| 8211 | 8139482 | This study compared the lipoprotein composition of nondiabetic controls (n = 68) with that of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ([IDDM] n = 13) and of patients with IDDM and CRF ([IDDM + CRF] n = 74). |
| 8212 | 8139482 | The IDDM + CRF group had multiple abnormalities including (1) elevated TG, apolipoprotein (apo) C-II, and apo C-III levels in all lipid subfractions; (2) elevated VLDL and IDL apo B, TG, FC, cholesterol ester (CE), and phospholipid (PL) levels (with an increased CE/TG ratio in VLDL only); (3) decreased HDL-M apo A-I, apo A-II, CE, and PL levels, but an increased HDL-D apo A-I level; and (4) decreased lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. |
| 8213 | 8139488 | The effect of diabetes in pregnancy on leucine turnover and oxidation was examined in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 12 gestationally diabetic (GDM) subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 8214 | 8139488 | Eight of the IDDM subjects were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump), and four were on conventional twice-daily insulin treatment. |
| 8215 | 8139488 | Despite rigorous metabolic control, fasting plasma glucose (IDDM 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L [P < .05], GDM 4.7 +/- 1.3 [P < .01], controls 3.6 +/- .6, mean +/- SD) and hemoglobin A1 ([HbA1] IDDM 7.9 +/- 1.9%, GDM 7.5% +/- 2.1%) levels were higher in diabetic subjects. |
| 8216 | 8139488 | Leucine flux, a measure of the rate of protein breakdown, and leucine oxidation were higher in IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8217 | 8139488 | The rate of leucine oxidation was increased in conventionally managed IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8218 | 8139488 | The effect of diabetes in pregnancy on leucine turnover and oxidation was examined in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 12 gestationally diabetic (GDM) subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 8219 | 8139488 | Eight of the IDDM subjects were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump), and four were on conventional twice-daily insulin treatment. |
| 8220 | 8139488 | Despite rigorous metabolic control, fasting plasma glucose (IDDM 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L [P < .05], GDM 4.7 +/- 1.3 [P < .01], controls 3.6 +/- .6, mean +/- SD) and hemoglobin A1 ([HbA1] IDDM 7.9 +/- 1.9%, GDM 7.5% +/- 2.1%) levels were higher in diabetic subjects. |
| 8221 | 8139488 | Leucine flux, a measure of the rate of protein breakdown, and leucine oxidation were higher in IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8222 | 8139488 | The rate of leucine oxidation was increased in conventionally managed IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8223 | 8139488 | The effect of diabetes in pregnancy on leucine turnover and oxidation was examined in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 12 gestationally diabetic (GDM) subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 8224 | 8139488 | Eight of the IDDM subjects were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump), and four were on conventional twice-daily insulin treatment. |
| 8225 | 8139488 | Despite rigorous metabolic control, fasting plasma glucose (IDDM 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L [P < .05], GDM 4.7 +/- 1.3 [P < .01], controls 3.6 +/- .6, mean +/- SD) and hemoglobin A1 ([HbA1] IDDM 7.9 +/- 1.9%, GDM 7.5% +/- 2.1%) levels were higher in diabetic subjects. |
| 8226 | 8139488 | Leucine flux, a measure of the rate of protein breakdown, and leucine oxidation were higher in IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8227 | 8139488 | The rate of leucine oxidation was increased in conventionally managed IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8228 | 8139488 | The effect of diabetes in pregnancy on leucine turnover and oxidation was examined in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 12 gestationally diabetic (GDM) subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 8229 | 8139488 | Eight of the IDDM subjects were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump), and four were on conventional twice-daily insulin treatment. |
| 8230 | 8139488 | Despite rigorous metabolic control, fasting plasma glucose (IDDM 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L [P < .05], GDM 4.7 +/- 1.3 [P < .01], controls 3.6 +/- .6, mean +/- SD) and hemoglobin A1 ([HbA1] IDDM 7.9 +/- 1.9%, GDM 7.5% +/- 2.1%) levels were higher in diabetic subjects. |
| 8231 | 8139488 | Leucine flux, a measure of the rate of protein breakdown, and leucine oxidation were higher in IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8232 | 8139488 | The rate of leucine oxidation was increased in conventionally managed IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8233 | 8139488 | The effect of diabetes in pregnancy on leucine turnover and oxidation was examined in 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 12 gestationally diabetic (GDM) subjects during the third trimester of pregnancy. |
| 8234 | 8139488 | Eight of the IDDM subjects were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump), and four were on conventional twice-daily insulin treatment. |
| 8235 | 8139488 | Despite rigorous metabolic control, fasting plasma glucose (IDDM 5.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L [P < .05], GDM 4.7 +/- 1.3 [P < .01], controls 3.6 +/- .6, mean +/- SD) and hemoglobin A1 ([HbA1] IDDM 7.9 +/- 1.9%, GDM 7.5% +/- 2.1%) levels were higher in diabetic subjects. |
| 8236 | 8139488 | Leucine flux, a measure of the rate of protein breakdown, and leucine oxidation were higher in IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8237 | 8139488 | The rate of leucine oxidation was increased in conventionally managed IDDM and insulin-treated GDM subjects. |
| 8238 | 8140661 | IDDM is caused by an immune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 8239 | 8141401 | Plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) concentrations are increased in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8240 | 8141417 | The mechanisms responsible for the elevation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in early stages of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are undefined. |
| 8241 | 8141417 | Circulating ANP levels in moderately hyperglycemic BB/DP rats 1, 7, and 14 days after onset of IDDM were within the normal range, averaging 100 +/- 21, 57 +/- 12, and 65 +/- 6 pg/ml, respectively, and were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from ANP levels in age-matched normoglycemic BB/DR rats. |
| 8242 | 8141417 | To further test the role of ANP in glomerular hyperfiltration, an ANP receptor antagonist was infused into anesthetized BB/DP rats (n = 10) 14 days after onset of IDDM, after baseline measurements of mean arterial pressure, renal hemodynamics, and renal fluid and electrolyte excretions. |
| 8243 | 8141417 | The mechanisms responsible for the elevation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in early stages of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are undefined. |
| 8244 | 8141417 | Circulating ANP levels in moderately hyperglycemic BB/DP rats 1, 7, and 14 days after onset of IDDM were within the normal range, averaging 100 +/- 21, 57 +/- 12, and 65 +/- 6 pg/ml, respectively, and were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from ANP levels in age-matched normoglycemic BB/DR rats. |
| 8245 | 8141417 | To further test the role of ANP in glomerular hyperfiltration, an ANP receptor antagonist was infused into anesthetized BB/DP rats (n = 10) 14 days after onset of IDDM, after baseline measurements of mean arterial pressure, renal hemodynamics, and renal fluid and electrolyte excretions. |
| 8246 | 8141417 | The mechanisms responsible for the elevation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in early stages of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are undefined. |
| 8247 | 8141417 | Circulating ANP levels in moderately hyperglycemic BB/DP rats 1, 7, and 14 days after onset of IDDM were within the normal range, averaging 100 +/- 21, 57 +/- 12, and 65 +/- 6 pg/ml, respectively, and were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from ANP levels in age-matched normoglycemic BB/DR rats. |
| 8248 | 8141417 | To further test the role of ANP in glomerular hyperfiltration, an ANP receptor antagonist was infused into anesthetized BB/DP rats (n = 10) 14 days after onset of IDDM, after baseline measurements of mean arterial pressure, renal hemodynamics, and renal fluid and electrolyte excretions. |
| 8249 | 8143547 | Diabetic fibrous mastopathy, also known as lymphocytic mastitis, is an uncommon lesion of the breast that occurs in women with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8250 | 8145050 | The nonobese diabetic mouse strain (NOD/Shi) develops a M phi and T cell-dependent autoimmune diabetes that closely resembles human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8251 | 8146422 | The regeneration of islet cells in a transgenic mouse strain harboring the interferon-gamma gene (IFN-gamma) linked to the insulin promoter DNA fragment (ins-IFN-gamma) is described. |
| 8252 | 8146422 | The progenitor cells express neuronal enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), as revealed by specific antibodies. |
| 8253 | 8146422 | GAD, recognized as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome, may provide a clue to the mechanism of autoimmune disease. |
| 8254 | 8146585 | Tympanograms were studied in 53 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 42 randomly selected non-diabetic control subjects, aged between 20 and 40 years, using the Madsen Model ZO 73 Impedance Bridge. |
| 8255 | 8154257 | The prevalence of retinopathy in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied in a population-based survey on 194 of the 216 subjects (89.8%) with IDDM aged 4.6 to 16.6 years living in the county of Oulu, Finland. |
| 8256 | 8155254 | The effects of long-term chronic stress (induced by repeated restraint, overcrowding or both), short-term chronic stress (induced by a triad of stressors over a short period of time early in life) and adrenalectomy were investigated on the prevalence, on the degree of insulitis and various physiological and immunological parameters in the NOD mouse, a spontaneous model of type I-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8257 | 8156864 | The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) is a multicenter, randomized clinical trial studying the effects of two different diabetes regimens on the development and progression of early vascular complications in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8258 | 8157178 | In this study glucose concentration was assayed in blood and vitreous samples obtained from three patient groups undergoing vitrectomy: nondiabetic patients (ND), diabetic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and diabetic patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8259 | 8157178 | The vitreous glucose concentration in these groups was generally higher (IDDM 9.4 +/- 3.3 mM/l, NIDDM 7.2 +/- 3.9 mM/l) than in the ND group, and in 15 specimens exceeded 11 mM/l, a level increasing the probability of collagen glycation in the vitreous of diabetic patients. |
| 8260 | 8157178 | In this study glucose concentration was assayed in blood and vitreous samples obtained from three patient groups undergoing vitrectomy: nondiabetic patients (ND), diabetic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and diabetic patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8261 | 8157178 | The vitreous glucose concentration in these groups was generally higher (IDDM 9.4 +/- 3.3 mM/l, NIDDM 7.2 +/- 3.9 mM/l) than in the ND group, and in 15 specimens exceeded 11 mM/l, a level increasing the probability of collagen glycation in the vitreous of diabetic patients. |
| 8262 | 8157281 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats spontaneously develop a hyperglycaemic condition which closely resembles human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), both in terms of clinical and histological features. |
| 8263 | 8157715 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) within families. |
| 8264 | 8157715 | IDDM-affected subjects from families without ATD were compared with subjects with ATD or with IDDM and ATD from IDDM/ATD families and with a control group. |
| 8265 | 8157715 | IDDM susceptibility in IDDM/ATD families was negatively associated with the presence of DQB1*0602 [relative risk (RR) = 0.038; P = 0.0001; corrected P (Pc) = 0.0005] and *0301 (RR = 0.3; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.01) and positively associated with the presence of DQB1*0201 (RR = 3.4; P = 0.0007; Pc = 0.0035) and *0302 (RR = 5; P = 0.0001; Pc = 0.0005), regardless of ATD. |
| 8266 | 8157715 | We conclude that in IDDM/ATD families, IDDM-affected subjects are at risk for ATD, especially those carrying DQB1*0201. |
| 8267 | 8157715 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) within families. |
| 8268 | 8157715 | IDDM-affected subjects from families without ATD were compared with subjects with ATD or with IDDM and ATD from IDDM/ATD families and with a control group. |
| 8269 | 8157715 | IDDM susceptibility in IDDM/ATD families was negatively associated with the presence of DQB1*0602 [relative risk (RR) = 0.038; P = 0.0001; corrected P (Pc) = 0.0005] and *0301 (RR = 0.3; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.01) and positively associated with the presence of DQB1*0201 (RR = 3.4; P = 0.0007; Pc = 0.0035) and *0302 (RR = 5; P = 0.0001; Pc = 0.0005), regardless of ATD. |
| 8270 | 8157715 | We conclude that in IDDM/ATD families, IDDM-affected subjects are at risk for ATD, especially those carrying DQB1*0201. |
| 8271 | 8157715 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) within families. |
| 8272 | 8157715 | IDDM-affected subjects from families without ATD were compared with subjects with ATD or with IDDM and ATD from IDDM/ATD families and with a control group. |
| 8273 | 8157715 | IDDM susceptibility in IDDM/ATD families was negatively associated with the presence of DQB1*0602 [relative risk (RR) = 0.038; P = 0.0001; corrected P (Pc) = 0.0005] and *0301 (RR = 0.3; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.01) and positively associated with the presence of DQB1*0201 (RR = 3.4; P = 0.0007; Pc = 0.0035) and *0302 (RR = 5; P = 0.0001; Pc = 0.0005), regardless of ATD. |
| 8274 | 8157715 | We conclude that in IDDM/ATD families, IDDM-affected subjects are at risk for ATD, especially those carrying DQB1*0201. |
| 8275 | 8157715 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is frequently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) within families. |
| 8276 | 8157715 | IDDM-affected subjects from families without ATD were compared with subjects with ATD or with IDDM and ATD from IDDM/ATD families and with a control group. |
| 8277 | 8157715 | IDDM susceptibility in IDDM/ATD families was negatively associated with the presence of DQB1*0602 [relative risk (RR) = 0.038; P = 0.0001; corrected P (Pc) = 0.0005] and *0301 (RR = 0.3; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.01) and positively associated with the presence of DQB1*0201 (RR = 3.4; P = 0.0007; Pc = 0.0035) and *0302 (RR = 5; P = 0.0001; Pc = 0.0005), regardless of ATD. |
| 8278 | 8157715 | We conclude that in IDDM/ATD families, IDDM-affected subjects are at risk for ATD, especially those carrying DQB1*0201. |
| 8279 | 8158114 | Two cases of fatal, acute-onset, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children were diagnosed. |
| 8280 | 8159099 | RBCs from type I (insulin-dependent [IDDM]) and type II (non-insulin-dependent [NIDDM]) diabetic subjects and age- and sex-matched control subjects were submitted to OS using NaCl solutions (from 0.9% to 0.045% final concentration). |
| 8281 | 8159099 | ATP release at 0.49% NaCI OS, both as absolute value and as percentage value, was significantly lower in both diabetic groups, and ATP% was inversely correlated with HbA1" (IDDM: r = -.489, P < .01; NIDDM: r = -.654, P < .01), suggesting a possible relationship between Hb glycation, RBC membrane protein skeleton glycation, and its influence on ATP release by OS. |
| 8282 | 8159099 | RBCs from type I (insulin-dependent [IDDM]) and type II (non-insulin-dependent [NIDDM]) diabetic subjects and age- and sex-matched control subjects were submitted to OS using NaCl solutions (from 0.9% to 0.045% final concentration). |
| 8283 | 8159099 | ATP release at 0.49% NaCI OS, both as absolute value and as percentage value, was significantly lower in both diabetic groups, and ATP% was inversely correlated with HbA1" (IDDM: r = -.489, P < .01; NIDDM: r = -.654, P < .01), suggesting a possible relationship between Hb glycation, RBC membrane protein skeleton glycation, and its influence on ATP release by OS. |
| 8284 | 8159583 | [Distribution of new cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by age, sex, seasonality, and clinical characteristics at onset in youngsters from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region from 1987 to 1990]. |
| 8285 | 8159583 | A retrospective study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in youngs (< 18 years) in a North-East Province of Italy: Friuli Venezia Giulia (total population: 1,211,320; under age 18: 185,860). |
| 8286 | 8159583 | All IDDM cases diagnosed between 1987 and 1990, with age onset < 18 years, and using insulin at discharge from hospital, were included. 73 new IDDM cases under 18 years (47 M, 26 F) were observed during the considered period. |
| 8287 | 8159583 | First admission rates showed seasonal variations, with peaks in Oct/Nov and Jan/Feb. |
| 8288 | 8159583 | [Distribution of new cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by age, sex, seasonality, and clinical characteristics at onset in youngsters from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region from 1987 to 1990]. |
| 8289 | 8159583 | A retrospective study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in youngs (< 18 years) in a North-East Province of Italy: Friuli Venezia Giulia (total population: 1,211,320; under age 18: 185,860). |
| 8290 | 8159583 | All IDDM cases diagnosed between 1987 and 1990, with age onset < 18 years, and using insulin at discharge from hospital, were included. 73 new IDDM cases under 18 years (47 M, 26 F) were observed during the considered period. |
| 8291 | 8159583 | First admission rates showed seasonal variations, with peaks in Oct/Nov and Jan/Feb. |
| 8292 | 8159583 | [Distribution of new cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by age, sex, seasonality, and clinical characteristics at onset in youngsters from the Friuli Venezia Giulia region from 1987 to 1990]. |
| 8293 | 8159583 | A retrospective study was undertaken to estimate the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in youngs (< 18 years) in a North-East Province of Italy: Friuli Venezia Giulia (total population: 1,211,320; under age 18: 185,860). |
| 8294 | 8159583 | All IDDM cases diagnosed between 1987 and 1990, with age onset < 18 years, and using insulin at discharge from hospital, were included. 73 new IDDM cases under 18 years (47 M, 26 F) were observed during the considered period. |
| 8295 | 8159583 | First admission rates showed seasonal variations, with peaks in Oct/Nov and Jan/Feb. |
| 8296 | 8162706 | ICA1 encoding p69, a protein linked to the development of type 1 diabetes, maps to human chromosome 7p22. |
| 8297 | 8162706 | The development of type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) requires a genetically susceptible host and exposure, early in life, to environmental trigger molecules that induce diabetic autoimmunity to insulin producing islet cells. |
| 8298 | 8162706 | We previously identified islet cell protein p69 as a candidate autoimmune target in IDDM. |
| 8299 | 8162706 | Here we describe a human genomic p69 fragment which allowed us to map the gene (ICA1) to chromosome 7p22. |
| 8300 | 8162706 | ICA1 encoding p69, a protein linked to the development of type 1 diabetes, maps to human chromosome 7p22. |
| 8301 | 8162706 | The development of type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) requires a genetically susceptible host and exposure, early in life, to environmental trigger molecules that induce diabetic autoimmunity to insulin producing islet cells. |
| 8302 | 8162706 | We previously identified islet cell protein p69 as a candidate autoimmune target in IDDM. |
| 8303 | 8162706 | Here we describe a human genomic p69 fragment which allowed us to map the gene (ICA1) to chromosome 7p22. |
| 8304 | 8164429 | We studied normal kidney transplant donors and "slow-track" and "fast-track" insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 8305 | 8164429 | We found, by morphometric techniques, a decrease in the immunogold densities of anti-type IV collagen in the subendothelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8306 | 8164429 | In contrast, the density of alpha 4(IV) collagen chain was increased in the epithelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8307 | 8164429 | We studied normal kidney transplant donors and "slow-track" and "fast-track" insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 8308 | 8164429 | We found, by morphometric techniques, a decrease in the immunogold densities of anti-type IV collagen in the subendothelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8309 | 8164429 | In contrast, the density of alpha 4(IV) collagen chain was increased in the epithelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8310 | 8164429 | We studied normal kidney transplant donors and "slow-track" and "fast-track" insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 8311 | 8164429 | We found, by morphometric techniques, a decrease in the immunogold densities of anti-type IV collagen in the subendothelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8312 | 8164429 | In contrast, the density of alpha 4(IV) collagen chain was increased in the epithelial zone of the GBM in the "fast-track" IDDM patients. |
| 8313 | 8167383 | The present pilot study examines the results of reducing an elevated glomerular filtration rate on changes in renal size and microalbuminuria in normotensive, hyperfiltering insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 8314 | 8167386 | Effect of cyclosporine A on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in new-onset type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 8315 | 8167386 | Because the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be autoimmune, several clinical trials have utilized immunosuppression to treat newly diagnosed diabetic patients. |
| 8316 | 8167386 | At time 0, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were similar in the CyA (40.1 +/- 14.2 pg/mL) and placebo group (38.5 +/- 12.1 pg/mL) of IDDM subjects (normal 32.0 +/- 5.0 pg/mL). |
| 8317 | 8167386 | Soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) levels in IDDM patients were significantly higher than in normal subjects at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 8318 | 8167386 | Effect of cyclosporine A on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in new-onset type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 8319 | 8167386 | Because the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be autoimmune, several clinical trials have utilized immunosuppression to treat newly diagnosed diabetic patients. |
| 8320 | 8167386 | At time 0, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were similar in the CyA (40.1 +/- 14.2 pg/mL) and placebo group (38.5 +/- 12.1 pg/mL) of IDDM subjects (normal 32.0 +/- 5.0 pg/mL). |
| 8321 | 8167386 | Soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) levels in IDDM patients were significantly higher than in normal subjects at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 8322 | 8167386 | Effect of cyclosporine A on serum tumor necrosis factor alpha in new-onset type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 8323 | 8167386 | Because the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to be autoimmune, several clinical trials have utilized immunosuppression to treat newly diagnosed diabetic patients. |
| 8324 | 8167386 | At time 0, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) levels were similar in the CyA (40.1 +/- 14.2 pg/mL) and placebo group (38.5 +/- 12.1 pg/mL) of IDDM subjects (normal 32.0 +/- 5.0 pg/mL). |
| 8325 | 8167386 | Soluble interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) levels in IDDM patients were significantly higher than in normal subjects at diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 8326 | 8167387 | Intensive glycemic control (IGC) in previously hyperglycemic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients is associated with a decreased long-term risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR); up to 12 months after institution of IGC, however, the risk of progression of DR transiently increases. |
| 8327 | 8167387 | In an observational study, a cohort of 122 patients with IDDM was followed prospectively for changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1, normal < 8%) and in DR 0-12 months after institution of IGC. |
| 8328 | 8167387 | In conclusion, IGC with a decrement of > 2% per year is associated with a high risk of progression of antecedent diabetic retinopathy to blindness in IDDM patients with an extremely high initial HbA1. |
| 8329 | 8167387 | Intensive glycemic control (IGC) in previously hyperglycemic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients is associated with a decreased long-term risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR); up to 12 months after institution of IGC, however, the risk of progression of DR transiently increases. |
| 8330 | 8167387 | In an observational study, a cohort of 122 patients with IDDM was followed prospectively for changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1, normal < 8%) and in DR 0-12 months after institution of IGC. |
| 8331 | 8167387 | In conclusion, IGC with a decrement of > 2% per year is associated with a high risk of progression of antecedent diabetic retinopathy to blindness in IDDM patients with an extremely high initial HbA1. |
| 8332 | 8167387 | Intensive glycemic control (IGC) in previously hyperglycemic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients is associated with a decreased long-term risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR); up to 12 months after institution of IGC, however, the risk of progression of DR transiently increases. |
| 8333 | 8167387 | In an observational study, a cohort of 122 patients with IDDM was followed prospectively for changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1, normal < 8%) and in DR 0-12 months after institution of IGC. |
| 8334 | 8167387 | In conclusion, IGC with a decrement of > 2% per year is associated with a high risk of progression of antecedent diabetic retinopathy to blindness in IDDM patients with an extremely high initial HbA1. |
| 8335 | 8167391 | To clarify the development of diabetic nephropathy in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 373 patients with IDDM who had no proteinuria at the first visit to our Diabetes Center were evaluated. |
| 8336 | 8168635 | The autoimmune response that leads to destruction of pancreatic islet beta-cells and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has a genetic basis; however, environmental factors can exert profound modulating effects on the genetic predisposition to this autoimmune response. |
| 8337 | 8168635 | Thus, recent studies in NOD mice suggest that the islet beta-cell-directed autoimmune response may be mediated by a T-helper 1 (Th1) subset of T-cells producing the cytokines interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma. |
| 8338 | 8168635 | These studies also suggest that the diabetes-protective effects of administering microbial agents, adjuvants, and a beta-cell autoantigen (GAD65 [glutamic acid decarboxylase]) may result from activation of a Th2 subset of T-cells that produce the cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 and consequently downregulate the Th1-cell-mediated autoimmune response. |
| 8339 | 8168638 | Ultrasound high-resolution B-mode imaging was used to assess the carotid arteries in 105 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 4-25 years of age, with duration of diabetes ranging from 0.5-17 years, 529 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), 31-86 years of age, with duration of diabetes ranging from 0.5-49 years, and 104 nondiabetic healthy subjects, 7-76 years of age, to determine the intimal plus medial thickness (IMT) of the arterial wall. |
| 8340 | 8170506 | One day after onset of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) daily treatment with DIP (50 mg/100 g twice a day via a gastric tube) was started in one group (STZ-DIP) and with vehicle alone in another group (STZ). |
| 8341 | 8171869 | [Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus:"EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study"--results from the Vienna center]. |
| 8342 | 8171869 | The EURODIAB IDDM complications study is a multicenter clinical study for evaluation of the prevalence of microvascular, macrovascular and acute metabolic complications in randomly selected samples of insulin-dependent diabetic patients attending 31 European diabetes centers. |
| 8343 | 8171869 | [Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus:"EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study"--results from the Vienna center]. |
| 8344 | 8171869 | The EURODIAB IDDM complications study is a multicenter clinical study for evaluation of the prevalence of microvascular, macrovascular and acute metabolic complications in randomly selected samples of insulin-dependent diabetic patients attending 31 European diabetes centers. |
| 8345 | 8174452 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at an increased risk for coronary heart disease. |
| 8346 | 8175973 | The effects of plasmapheresis on islet autoantibody levels, C-peptide (beta-cell function), and hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c, metabolic control) were tested in a prospective blinded study of 18 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients randomly assigned to receive plasmapheresis (P), carried out as double filtration, or sham (S) treatment at diagnosis and 3 months thereafter. |
| 8347 | 8175975 | In recent-onset type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and islet cell antibodies (ICA) occur preferentially in young (< 10 yr) patients with the HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 risk haplotype. |
| 8348 | 8177047 | The responding cells were found to be the monocytes, and cells derived from individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had lower basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport rates. |
| 8349 | 8177047 | Of interest, both cell types were found to express the GLUT1 but not the typical insulin-responsive GLUT4 transporter isoform. |
| 8350 | 8177047 | To further study the mechanisms responsible for stimulation of transport in these cells, we investigated (1) the response to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-mimetic agents, and (2) the expression of other glucose transporter isoforms in CMCs of nondiabetic and IDDM individuals. |
| 8351 | 8177047 | The IGF-I dose-response curve was similar for CMCs of control and IDDM individuals, but both the basal and maximal response to IGF-I were lower in the diabetic group (P < .01). |
| 8352 | 8177047 | The responding cells were found to be the monocytes, and cells derived from individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had lower basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport rates. |
| 8353 | 8177047 | Of interest, both cell types were found to express the GLUT1 but not the typical insulin-responsive GLUT4 transporter isoform. |
| 8354 | 8177047 | To further study the mechanisms responsible for stimulation of transport in these cells, we investigated (1) the response to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-mimetic agents, and (2) the expression of other glucose transporter isoforms in CMCs of nondiabetic and IDDM individuals. |
| 8355 | 8177047 | The IGF-I dose-response curve was similar for CMCs of control and IDDM individuals, but both the basal and maximal response to IGF-I were lower in the diabetic group (P < .01). |
| 8356 | 8177047 | The responding cells were found to be the monocytes, and cells derived from individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had lower basal and insulin-stimulated glucose transport rates. |
| 8357 | 8177047 | Of interest, both cell types were found to express the GLUT1 but not the typical insulin-responsive GLUT4 transporter isoform. |
| 8358 | 8177047 | To further study the mechanisms responsible for stimulation of transport in these cells, we investigated (1) the response to insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-mimetic agents, and (2) the expression of other glucose transporter isoforms in CMCs of nondiabetic and IDDM individuals. |
| 8359 | 8177047 | The IGF-I dose-response curve was similar for CMCs of control and IDDM individuals, but both the basal and maximal response to IGF-I were lower in the diabetic group (P < .01). |
| 8360 | 8181261 | A 1-year open randomized controlled multicentre trial was carried out on 90 patients with recent onset (< 4 weeks) insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) to compare the effect of nicotinamide (NCT) with the combination NCT and low dose cyclosporin (CyA) on clinical remission and optimization of metabolic control during the first year from diagnosis. |
| 8361 | 8183282 | IDDM patients of North East Italian region were molecularly typed for their HLA-DQB1 and DQA1 loci by using allele specific oligonucleotide probes and PCR amplified genomic DNA. |
| 8362 | 8183750 | To determine the prevalence and extent of autonomic neuropathy amongst Africans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we investigated 50 such patients at our clinic. |
| 8363 | 8187217 | Subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an increased incidence of coronary heart disease. |
| 8364 | 8187217 | Several studies have suggested that Lp(a) levels may be increased in IDDM subjects, although these studies have been limited by the lack of information on apo(a) phenotype and urinary albumin excretion. |
| 8365 | 8187217 | Subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an increased incidence of coronary heart disease. |
| 8366 | 8187217 | Several studies have suggested that Lp(a) levels may be increased in IDDM subjects, although these studies have been limited by the lack of information on apo(a) phenotype and urinary albumin excretion. |
| 8367 | 8187564 | Overnight euglycemia did not change GFR in IDDM patients, but during maintained euglycemia, GFR was normalized. |
| 8368 | 8187564 | Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide, renin and glucagon were not importantly affected by plasma glucose. |
| 8369 | 8194662 | Nicotinamide prevents interleukin-1 effects on accumulated insulin release and nitric oxide production in rat islets of Langerhans. |
| 8370 | 8194662 | Nicotinamide (NA) prevents macrophage- and interleukin-1 (IL-1)-mediated beta-cell damage in vitro as well as diabetes development in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8371 | 8194662 | IL-1 beta-mediated inhibition of insulin release and damage to beta-cells are associated with intracellular production of nitric oxide (NO) radicals. |
| 8372 | 8194662 | Therefore, we studied whether NA prevented IL-1 beta-induced islet NO production, measured as nitrite release from isolated rat islets, and, if so, whether this action was associated with prevention of IL-1 beta-mediated inhibition of insulin release. |
| 8373 | 8194662 | Five to 50 mM of NA dose-dependently reduced inhibition of accumulated islet insulin release induced by 150 pg/ml of IL-1 beta. |
| 8374 | 8194662 | No-synthase inhibition with L-arginine depletion abolished NO production but only partially reduced IL-1 beta-induced inhibition of accumulated insulin release. |
| 8375 | 8194662 | Complete inhibition of IL-1 beta effects could not be obtained by adding L-arginine analogues to L-arginine-depleted medium, indicating that an NO-independent action of IL-1 beta on islet insulin release may exist. |
| 8376 | 8194668 | We hypothesized, first, that recent antecedent hypoglycemia causes reduced autonomic responses to subsequent hypoglycemia in patients with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and that the reduced responses are specific for the stimulus of hypoglycemia while the responses to other stimuli are unaltered and, second, that reduced autonomic responses, specifically sympathochromaffin, so-induced are not simply the result of prior activation of the system. |
| 8377 | 8194671 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an excess mortality, predominantly attributable to cardiovascular disease. |
| 8378 | 8194671 | IDDM affects sBP, HDL cholesterol, fibrinogen, and factor VII, but only sBP and fibrinogen are affected adversely. |
| 8379 | 8194671 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an excess mortality, predominantly attributable to cardiovascular disease. |
| 8380 | 8194671 | IDDM affects sBP, HDL cholesterol, fibrinogen, and factor VII, but only sBP and fibrinogen are affected adversely. |
| 8381 | 8194909 | Space-time clustering in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in south-east Sweden. |
| 8382 | 8194909 | Using the method developed by Knox, space-time clustering was analysed in all 584 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed between 1977-1990 and below the age of 16 from four paediatric departments in south-east Sweden. |
| 8383 | 8194909 | Space-time clustering in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in south-east Sweden. |
| 8384 | 8194909 | Using the method developed by Knox, space-time clustering was analysed in all 584 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed between 1977-1990 and below the age of 16 from four paediatric departments in south-east Sweden. |
| 8385 | 8197083 | In circulation of approximately 80% of recently detected patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantibodies to brain GAD (bGAD) have been demonstrated. |
| 8386 | 8197085 | Repeated courses of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) were administered to 39 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 28.2 +/- 11.3 years on an average and mean diabetes duration 5.7 +/- 0.5 years without body mass excess, administered insulin in daily dose 35.5 +/- 10.1. |
| 8387 | 8197085 | Repeated courses of HBO administered to IDDM patients during a year are much more effective than a single course as regards diabetes compensation, reduction of insulin consumption, recovery of residual insulin secretion, and suppression of secretion of contrinsular hormones glucagon, STH, and hydrocortisone. |
| 8388 | 8197085 | Repeated courses of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) were administered to 39 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 28.2 +/- 11.3 years on an average and mean diabetes duration 5.7 +/- 0.5 years without body mass excess, administered insulin in daily dose 35.5 +/- 10.1. |
| 8389 | 8197085 | Repeated courses of HBO administered to IDDM patients during a year are much more effective than a single course as regards diabetes compensation, reduction of insulin consumption, recovery of residual insulin secretion, and suppression of secretion of contrinsular hormones glucagon, STH, and hydrocortisone. |
| 8390 | 8197084 | Using indirect colorimetry, the authors demonstrated disordered energy metabolism at rest in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a moderate decompensation of metabolism: carbohydrate oxidation was reduced and fat and protein oxidation increased, this being aimed at maintenance of the basic metabolism within the normal range under conditions of insulin insufficiency. |
| 8391 | 8200295 | Metabolically well controlled insulin-dependent diabetic subjects (IDDM) have deficient autonomic adrenomedullary responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 8392 | 8200298 | Influence of the socioeconomic status on the age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was analysed in 614 patients who developed diabetes < or = 20 years. |
| 8393 | 8202770 | In most patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), this cannot be achieved because of severe hypoglycemia, which is one of the major causes of morbidity in diabetic patients. |
| 8394 | 8202770 | Those with SH had a longer duration of IDDM, currently took more insulin injections, had a higher prevalence of neuropathy and nephropathy, and were less likely to be using human insulin. |
| 8395 | 8202770 | In most patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), this cannot be achieved because of severe hypoglycemia, which is one of the major causes of morbidity in diabetic patients. |
| 8396 | 8202770 | Those with SH had a longer duration of IDDM, currently took more insulin injections, had a higher prevalence of neuropathy and nephropathy, and were less likely to be using human insulin. |
| 8397 | 8203339 | LV ejection fraction (EF) by radionuclide angiocardiography was examined in middle-aged control subjects (n = 44), in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) (n = 32) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) (n = 32) diabetes mellitus at baseline and after 4-year follow-up. |
| 8398 | 8206183 | Therapeutic management of the NIDDM patients is based mainly on diet (82%) alone or in association with drugs. 32% of patients primary treated by drugs and secondary by insulin are not satisfied with their glycemic control (vs 22% of IDDM patients and 15% of NIDDM patients). |
| 8399 | 8209907 | We describe 2 cases of DiGeorge anomaly with bilateral renal agenesis-one, who also had hemivertebrae, in an infant of an insulin-dependent diabetic mother (IDDM). |
| 8400 | 8216350 | The effect of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (dCF) on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was assessed in the BB Wistar rat. |
| 8401 | 8216350 | Although the protective effect of dCF against IDDM was likely produced by immunosuppression, the different dCF dosages had similar effects on ADA suppression in spleen or thymus and on dATP accumulation in these organs. |
| 8402 | 8216350 | The effect of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (dCF) on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was assessed in the BB Wistar rat. |
| 8403 | 8216350 | Although the protective effect of dCF against IDDM was likely produced by immunosuppression, the different dCF dosages had similar effects on ADA suppression in spleen or thymus and on dATP accumulation in these organs. |
| 8404 | 8218835 | The multifactorial nature of MHC-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8405 | 8218835 | Several lines of evidence suggest that major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not restricted to the presence or absence of any single gene product. |
| 8406 | 8218835 | The existence of population-specific haplotypes associated with IDDM supports the concept that distinct combinations of MHC alleles interact synergistically to induce disease when other environmental and genetic factors are present. |
| 8407 | 8218835 | MHC-controlled peptide transport and binding to MHC molecules as well as the levels of MHC class I and class II expression in the thymus and pancreatic beta cells may also play significant roles in the outbreak of IDDM. |
| 8408 | 8218835 | IDDM would develop if pathogenic T-cells are activated and an appropriate target MHC/peptide is expressed in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 8409 | 8218835 | The multifactorial nature of MHC-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8410 | 8218835 | Several lines of evidence suggest that major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not restricted to the presence or absence of any single gene product. |
| 8411 | 8218835 | The existence of population-specific haplotypes associated with IDDM supports the concept that distinct combinations of MHC alleles interact synergistically to induce disease when other environmental and genetic factors are present. |
| 8412 | 8218835 | MHC-controlled peptide transport and binding to MHC molecules as well as the levels of MHC class I and class II expression in the thymus and pancreatic beta cells may also play significant roles in the outbreak of IDDM. |
| 8413 | 8218835 | IDDM would develop if pathogenic T-cells are activated and an appropriate target MHC/peptide is expressed in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 8414 | 8218835 | The multifactorial nature of MHC-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8415 | 8218835 | Several lines of evidence suggest that major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not restricted to the presence or absence of any single gene product. |
| 8416 | 8218835 | The existence of population-specific haplotypes associated with IDDM supports the concept that distinct combinations of MHC alleles interact synergistically to induce disease when other environmental and genetic factors are present. |
| 8417 | 8218835 | MHC-controlled peptide transport and binding to MHC molecules as well as the levels of MHC class I and class II expression in the thymus and pancreatic beta cells may also play significant roles in the outbreak of IDDM. |
| 8418 | 8218835 | IDDM would develop if pathogenic T-cells are activated and an appropriate target MHC/peptide is expressed in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 8419 | 8218835 | The multifactorial nature of MHC-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8420 | 8218835 | Several lines of evidence suggest that major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not restricted to the presence or absence of any single gene product. |
| 8421 | 8218835 | The existence of population-specific haplotypes associated with IDDM supports the concept that distinct combinations of MHC alleles interact synergistically to induce disease when other environmental and genetic factors are present. |
| 8422 | 8218835 | MHC-controlled peptide transport and binding to MHC molecules as well as the levels of MHC class I and class II expression in the thymus and pancreatic beta cells may also play significant roles in the outbreak of IDDM. |
| 8423 | 8218835 | IDDM would develop if pathogenic T-cells are activated and an appropriate target MHC/peptide is expressed in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 8424 | 8218929 | Involvement of interleukin 1 and interleukin 1 antagonist in pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8425 | 8218929 | In this review we propose that the balance between the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its natural antagonist IL-1ra on the level of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cell may play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8426 | 8218929 | We argue that IL-1 potentiated by other cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma) is an important effector molecule involved in both early and late events in the immune-mediated process that leads to beta-cell destruction and IDDM. |
| 8427 | 8218929 | We also point out that surprisingly high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 are necessary to block the action of IL-1 on islet beta-cells compared to islet alpha-cells in vitro and in animals. |
| 8428 | 8218929 | We suggest that the selectivity of beta-cell destruction in IDDM may be conferred on several levels: (1) homing of beta-cell antigen specific T cells, (2) targeted delivery of cytokines by lymphocytic and monocytic cells beta-cells, (3) high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 needed to prevent IL-1 mediated beta-cell toxicity, (4) increased beta-cell sensitivity to free nitric oxide and oxygen radical formation induced by IL-1 and (5) inadequate oxidative stress response by beta-cells to cytokines. |
| 8429 | 8218929 | Further studies are needed to establish the in vivo role of an imbalance between the amounts of IL-1 and IL-1ra produced relative to their action in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8430 | 8218929 | Involvement of interleukin 1 and interleukin 1 antagonist in pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8431 | 8218929 | In this review we propose that the balance between the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its natural antagonist IL-1ra on the level of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cell may play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8432 | 8218929 | We argue that IL-1 potentiated by other cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma) is an important effector molecule involved in both early and late events in the immune-mediated process that leads to beta-cell destruction and IDDM. |
| 8433 | 8218929 | We also point out that surprisingly high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 are necessary to block the action of IL-1 on islet beta-cells compared to islet alpha-cells in vitro and in animals. |
| 8434 | 8218929 | We suggest that the selectivity of beta-cell destruction in IDDM may be conferred on several levels: (1) homing of beta-cell antigen specific T cells, (2) targeted delivery of cytokines by lymphocytic and monocytic cells beta-cells, (3) high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 needed to prevent IL-1 mediated beta-cell toxicity, (4) increased beta-cell sensitivity to free nitric oxide and oxygen radical formation induced by IL-1 and (5) inadequate oxidative stress response by beta-cells to cytokines. |
| 8435 | 8218929 | Further studies are needed to establish the in vivo role of an imbalance between the amounts of IL-1 and IL-1ra produced relative to their action in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8436 | 8218929 | Involvement of interleukin 1 and interleukin 1 antagonist in pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8437 | 8218929 | In this review we propose that the balance between the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its natural antagonist IL-1ra on the level of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cell may play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8438 | 8218929 | We argue that IL-1 potentiated by other cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma) is an important effector molecule involved in both early and late events in the immune-mediated process that leads to beta-cell destruction and IDDM. |
| 8439 | 8218929 | We also point out that surprisingly high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 are necessary to block the action of IL-1 on islet beta-cells compared to islet alpha-cells in vitro and in animals. |
| 8440 | 8218929 | We suggest that the selectivity of beta-cell destruction in IDDM may be conferred on several levels: (1) homing of beta-cell antigen specific T cells, (2) targeted delivery of cytokines by lymphocytic and monocytic cells beta-cells, (3) high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 needed to prevent IL-1 mediated beta-cell toxicity, (4) increased beta-cell sensitivity to free nitric oxide and oxygen radical formation induced by IL-1 and (5) inadequate oxidative stress response by beta-cells to cytokines. |
| 8441 | 8218929 | Further studies are needed to establish the in vivo role of an imbalance between the amounts of IL-1 and IL-1ra produced relative to their action in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8442 | 8218929 | Involvement of interleukin 1 and interleukin 1 antagonist in pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8443 | 8218929 | In this review we propose that the balance between the action of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and its natural antagonist IL-1ra on the level of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cell may play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8444 | 8218929 | We argue that IL-1 potentiated by other cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma) is an important effector molecule involved in both early and late events in the immune-mediated process that leads to beta-cell destruction and IDDM. |
| 8445 | 8218929 | We also point out that surprisingly high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 are necessary to block the action of IL-1 on islet beta-cells compared to islet alpha-cells in vitro and in animals. |
| 8446 | 8218929 | We suggest that the selectivity of beta-cell destruction in IDDM may be conferred on several levels: (1) homing of beta-cell antigen specific T cells, (2) targeted delivery of cytokines by lymphocytic and monocytic cells beta-cells, (3) high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 needed to prevent IL-1 mediated beta-cell toxicity, (4) increased beta-cell sensitivity to free nitric oxide and oxygen radical formation induced by IL-1 and (5) inadequate oxidative stress response by beta-cells to cytokines. |
| 8447 | 8218929 | Further studies are needed to establish the in vivo role of an imbalance between the amounts of IL-1 and IL-1ra produced relative to their action in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 8448 | 8219364 | Severe hypoglycemia is a very common complication in youths with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8449 | 8219364 | There were no significant differences in mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), daily doses of insulin, type of insulin regimen, gender, and age at diagnosis between patients who reported severe episodes and those who did not. |
| 8450 | 8223882 | No independent association between a tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotor region polymorphism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8451 | 8223882 | Several studies have implicated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8452 | 8223882 | In the present study we analyzed the first reported TNF-alpha gene polymorphism in relation to IDDM. |
| 8453 | 8223882 | However, a very strong association of the uncommon TNF2 allele was observed with the HLA-B8, -DR3 alleles. |
| 8454 | 8223882 | The relative risk (RR) of TNF2 was 2.2 compared to a RR of 3.1 for DR3. |
| 8455 | 8223882 | Thus, the IDDM-associated TNF2 allele had no DR3-independent value as a disease marker. |
| 8456 | 8223882 | No independent association between a tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotor region polymorphism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8457 | 8223882 | Several studies have implicated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8458 | 8223882 | In the present study we analyzed the first reported TNF-alpha gene polymorphism in relation to IDDM. |
| 8459 | 8223882 | However, a very strong association of the uncommon TNF2 allele was observed with the HLA-B8, -DR3 alleles. |
| 8460 | 8223882 | The relative risk (RR) of TNF2 was 2.2 compared to a RR of 3.1 for DR3. |
| 8461 | 8223882 | Thus, the IDDM-associated TNF2 allele had no DR3-independent value as a disease marker. |
| 8462 | 8223882 | No independent association between a tumor necrosis factor-alpha promotor region polymorphism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8463 | 8223882 | Several studies have implicated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8464 | 8223882 | In the present study we analyzed the first reported TNF-alpha gene polymorphism in relation to IDDM. |
| 8465 | 8223882 | However, a very strong association of the uncommon TNF2 allele was observed with the HLA-B8, -DR3 alleles. |
| 8466 | 8223882 | The relative risk (RR) of TNF2 was 2.2 compared to a RR of 3.1 for DR3. |
| 8467 | 8223882 | Thus, the IDDM-associated TNF2 allele had no DR3-independent value as a disease marker. |
| 8468 | 8224035 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients must rely heavily on their ability to secrete epinephrine to overcome a defective glucagon response. |
| 8469 | 8224035 | Commonly, the glucose level triggering adrenergic responses is shifted downward during intensive insulin therapy of IDDM. |
| 8470 | 8224035 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients must rely heavily on their ability to secrete epinephrine to overcome a defective glucagon response. |
| 8471 | 8224035 | Commonly, the glucose level triggering adrenergic responses is shifted downward during intensive insulin therapy of IDDM. |
| 8472 | 8227346 | We examined pancreas biopsy specimens from 18 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients to elucidate the mechanism underlying beta cell destruction. |
| 8473 | 8227346 | Infiltrating mononuclear cells consisted of CD4+T, CD8+T, B lymphocytes, and macrophages. |
| 8474 | 8227346 | The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was increased in endothelial cells in two of the nine patients with MHC hyperexpression; in one of them, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 expression was also increased. |
| 8475 | 8227346 | In conclusion, we revealed the close relation between CD8+T lymphocyte-predominant insulitis and MHC class I hyperexpression in islet cells. |
| 8476 | 8227346 | This suggests that infiltrating CD8+T lymphocytes recognize islet autoantigens in association with increased MHC class I molecules and act as major effector cells in autoimmune response against islet cells in IDDM pancreases. |
| 8477 | 8227346 | We examined pancreas biopsy specimens from 18 newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients to elucidate the mechanism underlying beta cell destruction. |
| 8478 | 8227346 | Infiltrating mononuclear cells consisted of CD4+T, CD8+T, B lymphocytes, and macrophages. |
| 8479 | 8227346 | The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was increased in endothelial cells in two of the nine patients with MHC hyperexpression; in one of them, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 expression was also increased. |
| 8480 | 8227346 | In conclusion, we revealed the close relation between CD8+T lymphocyte-predominant insulitis and MHC class I hyperexpression in islet cells. |
| 8481 | 8227346 | This suggests that infiltrating CD8+T lymphocytes recognize islet autoantigens in association with increased MHC class I molecules and act as major effector cells in autoimmune response against islet cells in IDDM pancreases. |
| 8482 | 8232539 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of Langerhans (insulitis) and destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 8483 | 8232539 | Furthermore, NOD mice receiving intrathymic injections of GAD65 exhibit markedly reduced T-cell proliferative responses to GAD and to the rest of the panel, in addition to remaining free of diabetes. |
| 8484 | 8235064 | Overexpression of HLA class I antigen reduces insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (RINM5F): evidence for a non-immune mechanism. |
| 8485 | 8235064 | Our recent observation indicated that overexpression of HLA-class I antigen on pancreatic beta cells is one of the features of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8486 | 8240659 | The 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet autoantigen, which is considered to be a target protein of beta cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), has recently been identified as the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 8487 | 8240659 | Both GADs are also present in the infected mice brain at 72 h p.i.; however, their islets contain about three-fold more GAD65, and essentially no detectable GAD67. |
| 8488 | 8240789 | Changes in the plasma concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and lymphocyte subsets were investigated in 19 persons with newly diagnosed (type 1) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from admission to hospital prior to insulin treatment and following 1 week and 1 month of treatment. |
| 8489 | 8240789 | The lymphocyte subsets (CD5+, CD8+, CD4+, CD16+, CD20+, HLA-DR+) did not show any significant changes from admission to after the start of insulin treatment. |
| 8490 | 8240789 | It is concluded that the gradual increase in IL-1 beta and TNF alpha plasma levels may reflect an ongoing autoimmune inflammatory reaction at the onset of IDDM. |
| 8491 | 8240789 | Changes in the plasma concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and lymphocyte subsets were investigated in 19 persons with newly diagnosed (type 1) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from admission to hospital prior to insulin treatment and following 1 week and 1 month of treatment. |
| 8492 | 8240789 | The lymphocyte subsets (CD5+, CD8+, CD4+, CD16+, CD20+, HLA-DR+) did not show any significant changes from admission to after the start of insulin treatment. |
| 8493 | 8240789 | It is concluded that the gradual increase in IL-1 beta and TNF alpha plasma levels may reflect an ongoing autoimmune inflammatory reaction at the onset of IDDM. |
| 8494 | 8242903 | We previously reported that nonspecific immunomodulations with a streptococcal preparation (OK-432), an inducer of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or with recombinant TNF prevented development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models (NOD mice and BB rats). |
| 8495 | 8242903 | On the other hand, there was no difference between BB/Sendai and Wistar rats in the in vivo TNF/LT productivity induced with LPS or with IFN-gamma plus LPS, and the TNF/LT productivity of these rats was lower on stimulation with LPS alone, but higher with IFN-gamma plus LPS than the other normal rats. |
| 8496 | 8242903 | These results indicate that treatment with LT, as well as TNF, modulated autoimmunity and prevented development of IDDM in BB/Wor rats which may be low producers of TNF/LT. |
| 8497 | 8242903 | We previously reported that nonspecific immunomodulations with a streptococcal preparation (OK-432), an inducer of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or with recombinant TNF prevented development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models (NOD mice and BB rats). |
| 8498 | 8242903 | On the other hand, there was no difference between BB/Sendai and Wistar rats in the in vivo TNF/LT productivity induced with LPS or with IFN-gamma plus LPS, and the TNF/LT productivity of these rats was lower on stimulation with LPS alone, but higher with IFN-gamma plus LPS than the other normal rats. |
| 8499 | 8242903 | These results indicate that treatment with LT, as well as TNF, modulated autoimmunity and prevented development of IDDM in BB/Wor rats which may be low producers of TNF/LT. |
| 8500 | 8243521 | The aim of this study was to determine whether a similar receptor abnormality occurs in patients with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and if so whether this is more prevalent in patients with micro- or macro-albuminuria. |
| 8501 | 8243818 | In another model of IDDM, the multiple-low-dose streptozocin-injected mouse, MDL (1%) also reduced the prevalence of diabetes when administered beginning 8 wk before streptozocin (55% diabetic vs. 100% of control mice; n = 20-25/group). |
| 8502 | 8244655 | The prevalence of microalbuminuria was studied in a clinic population of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM] with disease duration longer than 5 years. 75 patients were included in the study, 23 patients (30.7%) had microalbuminuria and 2 patients (2.7%) had macroalbuminuria. |
| 8503 | 8248212 | TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility. |
| 8504 | 8248212 | It has been previously demonstrated that individuals with certain DR alleles have an increased relative risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8505 | 8248212 | In the same population group we have studied extensively in the past, we found a higher association of a TAP1 allele with IDDM than with any single HLA-DP allele but the risk was lower than with HLA-DQB1*0302. |
| 8506 | 8248212 | These data provide new limits for IDDM susceptibility to the 190-kb interval between TAP1 and HLA-DQB1. |
| 8507 | 8248212 | TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility. |
| 8508 | 8248212 | It has been previously demonstrated that individuals with certain DR alleles have an increased relative risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8509 | 8248212 | In the same population group we have studied extensively in the past, we found a higher association of a TAP1 allele with IDDM than with any single HLA-DP allele but the risk was lower than with HLA-DQB1*0302. |
| 8510 | 8248212 | These data provide new limits for IDDM susceptibility to the 190-kb interval between TAP1 and HLA-DQB1. |
| 8511 | 8248212 | TAP1 alleles in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a newly defined centromeric boundary of disease susceptibility. |
| 8512 | 8248212 | It has been previously demonstrated that individuals with certain DR alleles have an increased relative risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8513 | 8248212 | In the same population group we have studied extensively in the past, we found a higher association of a TAP1 allele with IDDM than with any single HLA-DP allele but the risk was lower than with HLA-DQB1*0302. |
| 8514 | 8248212 | These data provide new limits for IDDM susceptibility to the 190-kb interval between TAP1 and HLA-DQB1. |
| 8515 | 8250495 | Microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients has been related to abnormalities in haemostasis, poor glycaemic control, disadvantageous alterations in the lipid spectrum and elevated concentrations of lipoprotein(a), another independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. |
| 8516 | 8250495 | No significant differences were found in blood lipids (Lp(a), serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides), glycaemic control (HbA1c) and several haemostasis parameters (factor VII, VIII, fibrin monomer, thrombin-antithrombin III, D-dimer, tissue plasminogen activator antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) between the micro- and normoalbuminuric subgroups. |
| 8517 | 8250495 | In the microalbuminuric subgroup increased concentrations for plasminogen and alpha 2-antiplasmin were measured. |
| 8518 | 8253018 | Fifty-two sera from patients with IDDM, 36 from patients with unclassified insulin-treated diabetes mellitus and 41 from normal healthy controls were examined by ELISA assay. |
| 8519 | 8253018 | Seventeen (32.7%) out of 52 IDDM sera and 10 (27.8%) out of unclassified insulin-treated diabetic sera were positive for anti-Mycobacterium (anti-M. leprae) hsp65 antibodies while none of the healthy control sera were positive. |
| 8520 | 8253018 | Based on western blot analysis, 12 of the 17 IDDM sera and 1 of 2 sera from the unclassified insulin-treated diabetics were positive for anti-M.leprae hsp65 antibodies while all normal control sera were negative. |
| 8521 | 8253018 | Fifty-two sera from patients with IDDM, 36 from patients with unclassified insulin-treated diabetes mellitus and 41 from normal healthy controls were examined by ELISA assay. |
| 8522 | 8253018 | Seventeen (32.7%) out of 52 IDDM sera and 10 (27.8%) out of unclassified insulin-treated diabetic sera were positive for anti-Mycobacterium (anti-M. leprae) hsp65 antibodies while none of the healthy control sera were positive. |
| 8523 | 8253018 | Based on western blot analysis, 12 of the 17 IDDM sera and 1 of 2 sera from the unclassified insulin-treated diabetics were positive for anti-M.leprae hsp65 antibodies while all normal control sera were negative. |
| 8524 | 8253018 | Fifty-two sera from patients with IDDM, 36 from patients with unclassified insulin-treated diabetes mellitus and 41 from normal healthy controls were examined by ELISA assay. |
| 8525 | 8253018 | Seventeen (32.7%) out of 52 IDDM sera and 10 (27.8%) out of unclassified insulin-treated diabetic sera were positive for anti-Mycobacterium (anti-M. leprae) hsp65 antibodies while none of the healthy control sera were positive. |
| 8526 | 8253018 | Based on western blot analysis, 12 of the 17 IDDM sera and 1 of 2 sera from the unclassified insulin-treated diabetics were positive for anti-M.leprae hsp65 antibodies while all normal control sera were negative. |
| 8527 | 8253026 | This study was undertaken to analyze the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in siblings of type 1 diabetic children. |
| 8528 | 8254023 | To evaluate the roles of iatrogenic hypoglycemia and diabetes per se in the pathogenesis of defective hormonal counterregulation against hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), nondiabetic, and spontaneously diabetic BB/Wor rats were studied using a euglycemic/hypoglycemic clamp. |
| 8529 | 8254593 | A reduction in total plasma cholesterol concentration has been reported in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) pregnant women in early gestation. |
| 8530 | 8258654 | We report a case of 26-year-old woman with Graves' disease and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism diagnosed at 11 years of age, who subsequently developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at 17 years of age. |
| 8531 | 8258654 | Treatment with antithyroid agents had failed to control her Graves' disease and her IDDM was unmanageable despite insulin therapy. |
| 8532 | 8258654 | We report a case of 26-year-old woman with Graves' disease and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism diagnosed at 11 years of age, who subsequently developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at 17 years of age. |
| 8533 | 8258654 | Treatment with antithyroid agents had failed to control her Graves' disease and her IDDM was unmanageable despite insulin therapy. |
| 8534 | 8258757 | A 21-year-old female with autoimmune polyglandular failure (APG) manifested by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hypothyroidism and pernicious anaemia developed severe malabsorption due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. |
| 8535 | 8262310 | Lymphocyte antibodies have been described in autoimmune disorders, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8536 | 8262310 | We demonstrated the binding of the lymphocyte autoantibodies of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. |
| 8537 | 8262314 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from chronic, cell-mediated, autoimmune islet damage. |
| 8538 | 8262314 | Fractionation of the beta-cell extracts showed that these T-cell clones recognized multiple beta-cell-specific autoantigens but none of the previously reported putative autoantigens (glutamic acid decarboxylase [GAD]65, GAD67, Hsp65, insulin, ICA 69, carboxypeptidase-H, and peripherin). |
| 8539 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8540 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8541 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8542 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8543 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8544 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8545 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8546 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8547 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8548 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8549 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8550 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8551 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8552 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8553 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8554 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8555 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8556 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8557 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8558 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8559 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8560 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8561 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8562 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8563 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8564 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8565 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8566 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8567 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8568 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8569 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8570 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8571 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8572 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8573 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8574 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8575 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8576 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8577 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8578 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8579 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8580 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8581 | 8262321 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), previously reported to be the 64,000-M(r) (64K) islet cell protein, were measured by a radioimmunoassay using purified pig brain GAD in 29 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and in 29 sex- and disease duration-matched IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8582 | 8262321 | In IDDM patients with short-duration diabetes (< 1 year), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 100% (8 of 8) and 609 +/- 166 U (means +/- SE), respectively, in IDDM patients with AITD and 81.8% (9 of 11) and 90 +/- 51 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8583 | 8262321 | In patients with long-standing IDDM (3-22 years), the prevalence and levels of GAD antibodies were 76.2% (16 of 21) and 193 +/- 66 U, respectively, in patients with AITD and 50.0% (9 of 18) and 36 +/- 14 U, respectively, in patients without AITD. |
| 8584 | 8262321 | For up to 6 years after the onset of IDDM, the levels of GAD antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD were significantly higher than in IDDM patients without AITD. |
| 8585 | 8262321 | A close and significant correlation was found between GAD antibodies and ICA or 64K antibodies in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8586 | 8262321 | Our results demonstrate that high levels of GAD antibodies were present in IDDM patients with AITD. |
| 8587 | 8262321 | The observed differences in GAD immunoreactivity between IDDM patients with and without AITD might help evaluate the role of GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 8588 | 8262322 | A combination of immune, genetic, and metabolic markers potentially implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied in the general population. |
| 8589 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS often have other autoimmune diseases, in particular type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8590 | 8263140 | Similar to SMS, the majority of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase at or before diabetes onset, although usually at a lower titer and with a different reaction pattern than patients with SMS. |
| 8591 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS carried the IDDM-protective DQB1*0602 allele and other sequence-related DQB1*06 alleles with the same frequency observed in controls. |
| 8592 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS often have other autoimmune diseases, in particular type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8593 | 8263140 | Similar to SMS, the majority of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase at or before diabetes onset, although usually at a lower titer and with a different reaction pattern than patients with SMS. |
| 8594 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS carried the IDDM-protective DQB1*0602 allele and other sequence-related DQB1*06 alleles with the same frequency observed in controls. |
| 8595 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS often have other autoimmune diseases, in particular type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8596 | 8263140 | Similar to SMS, the majority of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase at or before diabetes onset, although usually at a lower titer and with a different reaction pattern than patients with SMS. |
| 8597 | 8263140 | Patients with SMS carried the IDDM-protective DQB1*0602 allele and other sequence-related DQB1*06 alleles with the same frequency observed in controls. |
| 8598 | 8267691 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease in which insulin production from the pancreas is diminished or absent. |
| 8599 | 8269813 | The vascular reactivity of forearm arterioles was measured in 16 control subjects (C) and 30 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects, 16 of whom were shown to have microvascular and/or neuropathic complications (DC) including 8 with autonomic neuropathy (DCa) and 14 were shown to be free of complications (DNC). |
| 8600 | 8269818 | This study was performed to clarify the changes in urinary albumin excretion according to age and sex in healthy subjects, for the appropriate judgment of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8601 | 8269818 | We conclude that reference values of urinary albumin excretion change according to age and sex, which should be taken into consideration in the assessment of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 8602 | 8269818 | This study was performed to clarify the changes in urinary albumin excretion according to age and sex in healthy subjects, for the appropriate judgment of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8603 | 8269818 | We conclude that reference values of urinary albumin excretion change according to age and sex, which should be taken into consideration in the assessment of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 8604 | 8281985 | To determine whether vasodilator prostaglandins are involved in the peripheral hyperperfusion observed in patients with short-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), forearm and skin blood flow were studied before and after cyclooxygenase inhibition. |
| 8605 | 8288322 | The aim of this study was to investigate whether lymphocyte vaccination can prevent diabetes occurring in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8606 | 8297545 | Patients with juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at high risk of premature coronary artery disease. |
| 8607 | 8299300 | Transient cataracts in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are rare and have been reported only in association with severe ketoacidosis or hyperosmolarity. |
| 8608 | 8299473 | A prime example is the discovery of insulin and its replacement in patients with IDDM in 1923. |
| 8609 | 8301143 | In some patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoantibodies to insulin are present at diagnosis. |
| 8610 | 8301143 | After initiation of the treatment with not only animal but also human insulin, anti-insulin, mainly IgG, autoantibodies become a major component of the autoimmune response in virtually all IDDM patients. |
| 8611 | 8301143 | The nucleotide differences displayed by the three anti-insulin IgG mAb VH gene sequences, when compared with those of the closest reported germ-line genes, were concentrated in the CDR (6.2 x 10(-2) and 0.8 x 10(-2) difference/base in CDR and FR, respectively; p < 0.01, chi 2 test), and yielded a significantly higher putative replacement (R) to silent (S) mutation ratio in the CDR (12.0) than in the framework (0.2). |
| 8612 | 8301143 | In some patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoantibodies to insulin are present at diagnosis. |
| 8613 | 8301143 | After initiation of the treatment with not only animal but also human insulin, anti-insulin, mainly IgG, autoantibodies become a major component of the autoimmune response in virtually all IDDM patients. |
| 8614 | 8301143 | The nucleotide differences displayed by the three anti-insulin IgG mAb VH gene sequences, when compared with those of the closest reported germ-line genes, were concentrated in the CDR (6.2 x 10(-2) and 0.8 x 10(-2) difference/base in CDR and FR, respectively; p < 0.01, chi 2 test), and yielded a significantly higher putative replacement (R) to silent (S) mutation ratio in the CDR (12.0) than in the framework (0.2). |
| 8615 | 8301157 | The D variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV-D) produces a disease syndrome that mimics insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in certain mouse strains. |
| 8616 | 8301157 | However, we have previously reported that in outbred ICR Swiss and inbred BALB/cByJ mice, interference by EMCV-B with the development of IDDM in response to infection with EMCV-D does not appear to involve IFN. |
| 8617 | 8301157 | The data in the present study show that EMCV-B1 does not induce the production of detectable levels of IFN either in cell culture or in mice, but retains other reported characteristics of the parent EMCV-B, including the ability to interfere with the production of IDDM by EMCV-D in ICR Swiss male mice. |
| 8618 | 8301157 | The D variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV-D) produces a disease syndrome that mimics insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in certain mouse strains. |
| 8619 | 8301157 | However, we have previously reported that in outbred ICR Swiss and inbred BALB/cByJ mice, interference by EMCV-B with the development of IDDM in response to infection with EMCV-D does not appear to involve IFN. |
| 8620 | 8301157 | The data in the present study show that EMCV-B1 does not induce the production of detectable levels of IFN either in cell culture or in mice, but retains other reported characteristics of the parent EMCV-B, including the ability to interfere with the production of IDDM by EMCV-D in ICR Swiss male mice. |
| 8621 | 8301157 | The D variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV-D) produces a disease syndrome that mimics insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in certain mouse strains. |
| 8622 | 8301157 | However, we have previously reported that in outbred ICR Swiss and inbred BALB/cByJ mice, interference by EMCV-B with the development of IDDM in response to infection with EMCV-D does not appear to involve IFN. |
| 8623 | 8301157 | The data in the present study show that EMCV-B1 does not induce the production of detectable levels of IFN either in cell culture or in mice, but retains other reported characteristics of the parent EMCV-B, including the ability to interfere with the production of IDDM by EMCV-D in ICR Swiss male mice. |
| 8624 | 8304284 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are two common autoimmune disorders that affect women of childbearing age. |
| 8625 | 8306503 | High serum levels of soluble CD8 in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8626 | 8306503 | In type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) CD8+ T cells represent the majority of lymphocytes which infiltrate the pancreatic islets during beta cell destruction. |
| 8627 | 8306503 | Sera from both groups of IDDM patients and from healthy siblings exhibited soluble CD8 mean levels significantly higher than controls (P = 0.0001, P < 0.003, P < 0.03 respectively). |
| 8628 | 8306503 | High serum levels of soluble CD8 in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 8629 | 8306503 | In type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) CD8+ T cells represent the majority of lymphocytes which infiltrate the pancreatic islets during beta cell destruction. |
| 8630 | 8306503 | Sera from both groups of IDDM patients and from healthy siblings exhibited soluble CD8 mean levels significantly higher than controls (P = 0.0001, P < 0.003, P < 0.03 respectively). |
| 8631 | 8306595 | Pre-mixed insulin preparations are being used increasingly in the management of children with IDDM. |
| 8632 | 8307373 | Frequency of genetic variants of excretion of beta-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIB) in the urea was examined in patients suffering from atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and in risk group for atherosclerosis: children frequently suffering from respiratory viral infection, children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in adults suffering from IDDM and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8633 | 8307785 | In humans, susceptibility genes for MG and IDDM have been localized to the region between TNF and HLA-B. |
| 8634 | 8314006 | In diabetes, insulin secretion is either completely absent (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) or inappropriately regulated (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]). |
| 8635 | 8314006 | Such initiatives have included attempts to engineer glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell lines that might serve as surrogates for islets in IDDM. |
| 8636 | 8314006 | In diabetes, insulin secretion is either completely absent (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) or inappropriately regulated (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]). |
| 8637 | 8314006 | Such initiatives have included attempts to engineer glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell lines that might serve as surrogates for islets in IDDM. |
| 8638 | 8314010 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), cardiovascular morbidity, and vital prognosis are linked to diabetic nephropathy, which is probably determined by renal hemodynamic abnormalities and by a genetic predisposition. |
| 8639 | 8314010 | Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) regulates systemic and renal circulations through angiotensin II formation and kinins metabolism. |
| 8640 | 8314010 | We studied the relationship between the ACE gene polymorphism or plasma levels and microcirculatory disorders of IDDM through two independent studies: one involved 57 subjects with or without diabetic retinopathy, and the other compared 62 IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy to 62 diabetic control subjects with the same characteristics (including retinopathy severity) but with normal kidney function. |
| 8641 | 8314010 | Conversely, an imbalance of ACE genotype distribution, with a low proportion of II subjects, was observed in IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy compared with their control subjects (P = 0.006). |
| 8642 | 8314010 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), cardiovascular morbidity, and vital prognosis are linked to diabetic nephropathy, which is probably determined by renal hemodynamic abnormalities and by a genetic predisposition. |
| 8643 | 8314010 | Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) regulates systemic and renal circulations through angiotensin II formation and kinins metabolism. |
| 8644 | 8314010 | We studied the relationship between the ACE gene polymorphism or plasma levels and microcirculatory disorders of IDDM through two independent studies: one involved 57 subjects with or without diabetic retinopathy, and the other compared 62 IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy to 62 diabetic control subjects with the same characteristics (including retinopathy severity) but with normal kidney function. |
| 8645 | 8314010 | Conversely, an imbalance of ACE genotype distribution, with a low proportion of II subjects, was observed in IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy compared with their control subjects (P = 0.006). |
| 8646 | 8314010 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), cardiovascular morbidity, and vital prognosis are linked to diabetic nephropathy, which is probably determined by renal hemodynamic abnormalities and by a genetic predisposition. |
| 8647 | 8314010 | Angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) regulates systemic and renal circulations through angiotensin II formation and kinins metabolism. |
| 8648 | 8314010 | We studied the relationship between the ACE gene polymorphism or plasma levels and microcirculatory disorders of IDDM through two independent studies: one involved 57 subjects with or without diabetic retinopathy, and the other compared 62 IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy to 62 diabetic control subjects with the same characteristics (including retinopathy severity) but with normal kidney function. |
| 8649 | 8314010 | Conversely, an imbalance of ACE genotype distribution, with a low proportion of II subjects, was observed in IDDM subjects with diabetic nephropathy compared with their control subjects (P = 0.006). |
| 8650 | 8314014 | Insulin, carboxypeptidase-H (CP-H), and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) have been identified as potential autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8651 | 8314014 | In contrast, islet cells failed to reveal cell-surface staining for GAD65, another putative autoantigen in IDDM, under either basal or insulin stimulatory conditions or following exposure of islet cells to the cytokines interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and recombinant human interferon-gamma. |
| 8652 | 8314014 | Insulin, carboxypeptidase-H (CP-H), and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) have been identified as potential autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8653 | 8314014 | In contrast, islet cells failed to reveal cell-surface staining for GAD65, another putative autoantigen in IDDM, under either basal or insulin stimulatory conditions or following exposure of islet cells to the cytokines interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and recombinant human interferon-gamma. |
| 8654 | 8314015 | PAI-1 and factor VII activity are higher in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 8655 | 8314015 | Microalbuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the pathophysiological basis of this association is not clear. |
| 8656 | 8314015 | To see whether or not hemostatic dysfunctions might contribute to explain this association, we measured tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), factor VII activity, plasma fibrinogen, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 13 microalbuminuric (albumin excretion rate [AER], 20-200 micrograms/min) and in 13 comparable normoalbuminuric (< 20 micrograms/min) IDDM patients. t-PA and ET-1 were similar in the two groups, whereas PAI-1 activity (5.65 +/- 1.92 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.58 IU/ml, P < 0.05), factor VII (87.85 +/- 4.94 vs. 76.54 +/- 2.31%, P < 0.05), and plasma fibrinogen (3.38 +/- 0.21 vs. 2.65 +/- 0.13 g/l, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric patients. |
| 8657 | 8314015 | Plasma fibrinogen was related to AER (r2 = 0.23, P < 0.05), whereas triglycerides and factor VII were related to PAI-1 (r2 = 0.39, P < 0.001 and r2 = 0.10, P < 0.05). |
| 8658 | 8314015 | PAI-1 and factor VII activity are higher in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 8659 | 8314015 | Microalbuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the pathophysiological basis of this association is not clear. |
| 8660 | 8314015 | To see whether or not hemostatic dysfunctions might contribute to explain this association, we measured tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), factor VII activity, plasma fibrinogen, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 13 microalbuminuric (albumin excretion rate [AER], 20-200 micrograms/min) and in 13 comparable normoalbuminuric (< 20 micrograms/min) IDDM patients. t-PA and ET-1 were similar in the two groups, whereas PAI-1 activity (5.65 +/- 1.92 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.58 IU/ml, P < 0.05), factor VII (87.85 +/- 4.94 vs. 76.54 +/- 2.31%, P < 0.05), and plasma fibrinogen (3.38 +/- 0.21 vs. 2.65 +/- 0.13 g/l, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric patients. |
| 8661 | 8314015 | Plasma fibrinogen was related to AER (r2 = 0.23, P < 0.05), whereas triglycerides and factor VII were related to PAI-1 (r2 = 0.39, P < 0.001 and r2 = 0.10, P < 0.05). |
| 8662 | 8314015 | PAI-1 and factor VII activity are higher in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 8663 | 8314015 | Microalbuminuria is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, but the pathophysiological basis of this association is not clear. |
| 8664 | 8314015 | To see whether or not hemostatic dysfunctions might contribute to explain this association, we measured tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), factor VII activity, plasma fibrinogen, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) in 13 microalbuminuric (albumin excretion rate [AER], 20-200 micrograms/min) and in 13 comparable normoalbuminuric (< 20 micrograms/min) IDDM patients. t-PA and ET-1 were similar in the two groups, whereas PAI-1 activity (5.65 +/- 1.92 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.58 IU/ml, P < 0.05), factor VII (87.85 +/- 4.94 vs. 76.54 +/- 2.31%, P < 0.05), and plasma fibrinogen (3.38 +/- 0.21 vs. 2.65 +/- 0.13 g/l, P < 0.05) were significantly higher in microalbuminuric than in normoalbuminuric patients. |
| 8665 | 8314015 | Plasma fibrinogen was related to AER (r2 = 0.23, P < 0.05), whereas triglycerides and factor VII were related to PAI-1 (r2 = 0.39, P < 0.001 and r2 = 0.10, P < 0.05). |
| 8666 | 8314017 | The NOD-scid/scid mouse as a recipient of adoptively transferred splenocytes clearly delineated a distinct pathogenesis of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) versus MD-STZ-induced hyperglycemia. |
| 8667 | 8314018 | For this reason we investigated the relationship between retinal structural lesions and quantitative measures of glomerular structure in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8668 | 8314020 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8669 | 8314020 | By using this assay, 77% (77 of 100) of serum samples from recent-onset IDDM patients were positive for GAD65 antibodies compared with 4% (4 of 100) of serum samples from healthy control subjects. |
| 8670 | 8314020 | In competition analysis with unlabeled purified recombinant human islet GAD65, binding to tracer was inhibited in 74% (74 of 100) of the GAD65-positive IDDM serum samples compared with 2% of the control samples. |
| 8671 | 8314020 | The frequency of GAD antibodies was significantly higher with IDDM onset before the age of 30 (80%, 59 of 74) than after the age of 30 (48%, 10 of 21) (P < 0.01). |
| 8672 | 8314020 | In conclusion, even large numbers of serum samples can now be tested for GAD65 antibodies in a relatively short time, allowing screening of individuals without a family history of IDDM for the presence of this marker. |
| 8673 | 8314020 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8674 | 8314020 | By using this assay, 77% (77 of 100) of serum samples from recent-onset IDDM patients were positive for GAD65 antibodies compared with 4% (4 of 100) of serum samples from healthy control subjects. |
| 8675 | 8314020 | In competition analysis with unlabeled purified recombinant human islet GAD65, binding to tracer was inhibited in 74% (74 of 100) of the GAD65-positive IDDM serum samples compared with 2% of the control samples. |
| 8676 | 8314020 | The frequency of GAD antibodies was significantly higher with IDDM onset before the age of 30 (80%, 59 of 74) than after the age of 30 (48%, 10 of 21) (P < 0.01). |
| 8677 | 8314020 | In conclusion, even large numbers of serum samples can now be tested for GAD65 antibodies in a relatively short time, allowing screening of individuals without a family history of IDDM for the presence of this marker. |
| 8678 | 8314020 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8679 | 8314020 | By using this assay, 77% (77 of 100) of serum samples from recent-onset IDDM patients were positive for GAD65 antibodies compared with 4% (4 of 100) of serum samples from healthy control subjects. |
| 8680 | 8314020 | In competition analysis with unlabeled purified recombinant human islet GAD65, binding to tracer was inhibited in 74% (74 of 100) of the GAD65-positive IDDM serum samples compared with 2% of the control samples. |
| 8681 | 8314020 | The frequency of GAD antibodies was significantly higher with IDDM onset before the age of 30 (80%, 59 of 74) than after the age of 30 (48%, 10 of 21) (P < 0.01). |
| 8682 | 8314020 | In conclusion, even large numbers of serum samples can now be tested for GAD65 antibodies in a relatively short time, allowing screening of individuals without a family history of IDDM for the presence of this marker. |
| 8683 | 8314020 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8684 | 8314020 | By using this assay, 77% (77 of 100) of serum samples from recent-onset IDDM patients were positive for GAD65 antibodies compared with 4% (4 of 100) of serum samples from healthy control subjects. |
| 8685 | 8314020 | In competition analysis with unlabeled purified recombinant human islet GAD65, binding to tracer was inhibited in 74% (74 of 100) of the GAD65-positive IDDM serum samples compared with 2% of the control samples. |
| 8686 | 8314020 | The frequency of GAD antibodies was significantly higher with IDDM onset before the age of 30 (80%, 59 of 74) than after the age of 30 (48%, 10 of 21) (P < 0.01). |
| 8687 | 8314020 | In conclusion, even large numbers of serum samples can now be tested for GAD65 antibodies in a relatively short time, allowing screening of individuals without a family history of IDDM for the presence of this marker. |
| 8688 | 8314020 | Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are frequent at or before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8689 | 8314020 | By using this assay, 77% (77 of 100) of serum samples from recent-onset IDDM patients were positive for GAD65 antibodies compared with 4% (4 of 100) of serum samples from healthy control subjects. |
| 8690 | 8314020 | In competition analysis with unlabeled purified recombinant human islet GAD65, binding to tracer was inhibited in 74% (74 of 100) of the GAD65-positive IDDM serum samples compared with 2% of the control samples. |
| 8691 | 8314020 | The frequency of GAD antibodies was significantly higher with IDDM onset before the age of 30 (80%, 59 of 74) than after the age of 30 (48%, 10 of 21) (P < 0.01). |
| 8692 | 8314020 | In conclusion, even large numbers of serum samples can now be tested for GAD65 antibodies in a relatively short time, allowing screening of individuals without a family history of IDDM for the presence of this marker. |
| 8693 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 8694 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 8695 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 8696 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8697 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 8698 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 8699 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 8700 | 8314025 | Specific allelic combinations within the class II region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) represent a major genetic component for susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 8701 | 8314025 | We produced and used a stock of NOD/Lt mice congenic for a functionally inactivated beta 2-microglobulin (B2mnull) locus to assess whether there was an absolute requirement for MHC class I expression and/or CD8+ T-cells in diabetogenesis. |
| 8702 | 8314025 | These NOD-B2mnull mice do not express cell surface MHC class I molecules or produce detectable levels of CD8+ T-cells and are diabetes and insulitis resistant. |
| 8703 | 8314025 | Previous results from transgenic mouse models indicated that intracellular accumulation of MHC class I molecules negatively affects pancreatic beta-cell function and can result in the development of nonautoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8704 | 8314025 | MHC class I molecules have been shown to accumulate intracellularly in the presence of a disrupted B2m locus, but this mutation does not negatively affect plasma insulin levels in either NOD/Lt mice or in those of a mixed 129 and C57BL/6 genetic background. |
| 8705 | 8314025 | Interestingly, 14% of the male mice in this mixed background did develop hyperinsulinemia (> 1,500 pM) independent of the disrupted B2m locus, suggesting that these mice could conceivably develop insulin-resistant diabetes. |
| 8706 | 8314025 | Thus, elimination of cell surface MHC class I expression with a disrupted B2m gene blocks autoimmune diabetes in NOD/Lt mice, without engendering a separate, distinct form of glucose intolerance. |
| 8707 | 8314199 | Fasting hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) treated according to the basal-bolus principle may be due to the fact that currently available neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin preparations do not sufficiently meet the increased insulin need in the second part of the night. |
| 8708 | 8314199 | In the present study, it was investigated whether the amorphous zinc insulin Semilente can be used to control fasting hyperglycemia in IDDM patients. |
| 8709 | 8314199 | Fasting hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) treated according to the basal-bolus principle may be due to the fact that currently available neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin preparations do not sufficiently meet the increased insulin need in the second part of the night. |
| 8710 | 8314199 | In the present study, it was investigated whether the amorphous zinc insulin Semilente can be used to control fasting hyperglycemia in IDDM patients. |
| 8711 | 8314651 | Eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with glycosylated hemoglobin levels of at least 10.5% were studied during a 6-week period of antidiabetic therapy. |
| 8712 | 8314651 | Glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) and glycosylated total serum proteins (GSP) were measured weekly using an affinity chromatography procedure. |
| 8713 | 8314651 | The correlation coefficients for the glycosylated proteins versus the MBG determined one week earlier were highest for GSA [IDDM: r(GSA/MBG-1) = 0.726, p < 0.001 for the single values and 0.984, p < 0.001 for the mean values; NIDDM: r (GSA/MBG-1) = 0.636, p < 0.001 for the single values and 0.986, p < 0.001 for the mean values]. |
| 8714 | 8314651 | Eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with glycosylated hemoglobin levels of at least 10.5% were studied during a 6-week period of antidiabetic therapy. |
| 8715 | 8314651 | Glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) and glycosylated total serum proteins (GSP) were measured weekly using an affinity chromatography procedure. |
| 8716 | 8314651 | The correlation coefficients for the glycosylated proteins versus the MBG determined one week earlier were highest for GSA [IDDM: r(GSA/MBG-1) = 0.726, p < 0.001 for the single values and 0.984, p < 0.001 for the mean values; NIDDM: r (GSA/MBG-1) = 0.636, p < 0.001 for the single values and 0.986, p < 0.001 for the mean values]. |
| 8717 | 8315162 | This study evaluated the effectiveness of a family-based, multidisciplinary, behavior-modification program (SHAPEDOWN) adapted for obese adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a unique and understudied population. |
| 8718 | 8317388 | This study compared the course of lactation from days 2 to 84 postpartum in 33 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); 33 women without diabetes selected by using gestational age of the infant, method of delivery, sex of the infant, and prior lactation experience as a means of ensuring similar patterns in factors known to influence success (control subjects); and 11 healthy reference subjects who delivered vaginally. |
| 8719 | 8317389 | Prolactin concentrations in serum and milk of mothers with and without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8720 | 8317389 | Because adequate amounts are critical to the establishment of lactation, we assessed the prolactin status of 33 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 33 women without diabetes, and 11 reference women participating in a study of lactation from 2 to 84 d postpartum. |
| 8721 | 8317389 | During the first postnatal week, milk immunoreactive prolactin concentrations were lower for women with IDDM than for control and reference women and the inverse relationship between lactose and milk prolactin, which was significant at day 2 postpartum for reference women, was delayed until day 14 postpartum for women with IDDM. |
| 8722 | 8317389 | Early breast-feeding activity, increased breast-feeding frequency, and good glycemic control enhance prolactin secretion and should be promoted during lactation in women with IDDM. |
| 8723 | 8317389 | Prolactin concentrations in serum and milk of mothers with and without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8724 | 8317389 | Because adequate amounts are critical to the establishment of lactation, we assessed the prolactin status of 33 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 33 women without diabetes, and 11 reference women participating in a study of lactation from 2 to 84 d postpartum. |
| 8725 | 8317389 | During the first postnatal week, milk immunoreactive prolactin concentrations were lower for women with IDDM than for control and reference women and the inverse relationship between lactose and milk prolactin, which was significant at day 2 postpartum for reference women, was delayed until day 14 postpartum for women with IDDM. |
| 8726 | 8317389 | Early breast-feeding activity, increased breast-feeding frequency, and good glycemic control enhance prolactin secretion and should be promoted during lactation in women with IDDM. |
| 8727 | 8317389 | Prolactin concentrations in serum and milk of mothers with and without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8728 | 8317389 | Because adequate amounts are critical to the establishment of lactation, we assessed the prolactin status of 33 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 33 women without diabetes, and 11 reference women participating in a study of lactation from 2 to 84 d postpartum. |
| 8729 | 8317389 | During the first postnatal week, milk immunoreactive prolactin concentrations were lower for women with IDDM than for control and reference women and the inverse relationship between lactose and milk prolactin, which was significant at day 2 postpartum for reference women, was delayed until day 14 postpartum for women with IDDM. |
| 8730 | 8317389 | Early breast-feeding activity, increased breast-feeding frequency, and good glycemic control enhance prolactin secretion and should be promoted during lactation in women with IDDM. |
| 8731 | 8317390 | Breast milk lactose, total nitrogen, conductivity, osmolality, and intake by infants of 33 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 33 control women without diabetes, and 11 reference women were determined in a 3-mo study of lactation. |
| 8732 | 8317480 | The association between HLA-DR and -DQ and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a defined high-incidence area was analyzed in a total of 58 population-based patients, representing 77% of IDDM patients with age at onset below 16 years, and in 92 unrelated parents in control families without IDDM. |
| 8733 | 8318452 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, sharing many features with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), leading to insulin-secreting beta cell destruction. |
| 8734 | 8318452 | First, CD4+ T cells from diabetic animals are required to transfer diabetes to non-diabetic recipients in conjunction with CD8+ effector T cells. |
| 8735 | 8319518 | In order to test the hypothesis that breast-feeding has a protective effect on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) during childhood we retrospectively studied 297 diabetic children age 15 years or less diagnosed 1974-88 at the 5 pediatric departments in the South-East region of Sweden. |
| 8736 | 8319520 | Normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients may present higher rates of urinary albumin excretion after submaximal exercise at a standard intensity. |
| 8737 | 8319520 | To evaluate whether the urinary albumin excretion of IDDM patients is increased after maximal and submaximal exercise when exercise intensities are adjusted according to individual lactate thresholds, 16 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients (mean time from diagnosis 8 years) and 13 normal controls exercised for 20 min at intensities corresponding to 90% of the first and second lactate thresholds and to maximal tolerance on different days. |
| 8738 | 8319520 | Thus, when exercise intensities are adjusted for lactate thresholds, normoalbuminuric IDDM patients present normal intensity-related urinary albumin excretion during exercise. |
| 8739 | 8319520 | Normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients may present higher rates of urinary albumin excretion after submaximal exercise at a standard intensity. |
| 8740 | 8319520 | To evaluate whether the urinary albumin excretion of IDDM patients is increased after maximal and submaximal exercise when exercise intensities are adjusted according to individual lactate thresholds, 16 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients (mean time from diagnosis 8 years) and 13 normal controls exercised for 20 min at intensities corresponding to 90% of the first and second lactate thresholds and to maximal tolerance on different days. |
| 8741 | 8319520 | Thus, when exercise intensities are adjusted for lactate thresholds, normoalbuminuric IDDM patients present normal intensity-related urinary albumin excretion during exercise. |
| 8742 | 8319520 | Normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients may present higher rates of urinary albumin excretion after submaximal exercise at a standard intensity. |
| 8743 | 8319520 | To evaluate whether the urinary albumin excretion of IDDM patients is increased after maximal and submaximal exercise when exercise intensities are adjusted according to individual lactate thresholds, 16 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients (mean time from diagnosis 8 years) and 13 normal controls exercised for 20 min at intensities corresponding to 90% of the first and second lactate thresholds and to maximal tolerance on different days. |
| 8744 | 8319520 | Thus, when exercise intensities are adjusted for lactate thresholds, normoalbuminuric IDDM patients present normal intensity-related urinary albumin excretion during exercise. |
| 8745 | 8325951 | GH hypersecretion in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 8746 | 8325951 | The 24-h GH and blood glucose profiles, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations and GH responses to GRF were analyzed in 21 insulin-dependent diabetics and 4 healthy subjects before and after 7 days treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) (4 IU given sc at 0800 h). |
| 8747 | 8325951 | According to C-peptide response to glucagon IDDM patients were subdivided into C-peptide negative (CpN, n = 12) patients without endogenous pancreatic beta-cell activity and C-peptide positive (CpP, (n = 9) patients with endogenous insulin secretion. |
| 8748 | 8325951 | The response of GH to GRF in CpN diabetics was however, almost unchanged after treatment whereas it became lower in CpP diabetics and controls. |
| 8749 | 8325951 | The dose of 4 IU of rhGH increased significantly GH levels in diabetics with preserved beta-cell function with consequent increase in IGF-I levels and attenuation of GRF induced GH response. |
| 8750 | 8325951 | In addition, neither increase in IGF-I levels nor suppression of GH response to GRF on rhGH treatment was observed in CpN diabetics. |
| 8751 | 8325951 | The results are in keeping with an important role of portal insulin in GH-induced hepatic IGF-I secretion. |
| 8752 | 8325951 | GH hypersecretion in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 8753 | 8325951 | The 24-h GH and blood glucose profiles, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations and GH responses to GRF were analyzed in 21 insulin-dependent diabetics and 4 healthy subjects before and after 7 days treatment with recombinant human GH (rhGH) (4 IU given sc at 0800 h). |
| 8754 | 8325951 | According to C-peptide response to glucagon IDDM patients were subdivided into C-peptide negative (CpN, n = 12) patients without endogenous pancreatic beta-cell activity and C-peptide positive (CpP, (n = 9) patients with endogenous insulin secretion. |
| 8755 | 8325951 | The response of GH to GRF in CpN diabetics was however, almost unchanged after treatment whereas it became lower in CpP diabetics and controls. |
| 8756 | 8325951 | The dose of 4 IU of rhGH increased significantly GH levels in diabetics with preserved beta-cell function with consequent increase in IGF-I levels and attenuation of GRF induced GH response. |
| 8757 | 8325951 | In addition, neither increase in IGF-I levels nor suppression of GH response to GRF on rhGH treatment was observed in CpN diabetics. |
| 8758 | 8325951 | The results are in keeping with an important role of portal insulin in GH-induced hepatic IGF-I secretion. |
| 8759 | 8325989 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) possess antibodies to islet proteins of M(r)-64,000. |
| 8760 | 8325989 | Thus, IDDM patients possess antibodies to GAD, but also distinct antibodies to a 64,000 M(r) protein that is not related to known GAD isoforms or heat shock proteins. |
| 8761 | 8325989 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) possess antibodies to islet proteins of M(r)-64,000. |
| 8762 | 8325989 | Thus, IDDM patients possess antibodies to GAD, but also distinct antibodies to a 64,000 M(r) protein that is not related to known GAD isoforms or heat shock proteins. |
| 8763 | 8326004 | We have identified a novel 69-kD peptide autoantigen (ICA69) associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by screening a human islet lambda gt11 cDNA expression library with cytoplasmic islet cell antibody positive sera from relatives of IDDM patients who progressed to the overt disease. |
| 8764 | 8326004 | Serum samples from relatives of IDDM patients specifically reacted with affinity-purified recombinant ICA69 on Western blotting. |
| 8765 | 8326004 | A homologue in the mouse, designated Ica-1 was mapped to the proximal end of chromosome 6 (within 6 cM of the Met protooncogene). |
| 8766 | 8326004 | We have identified a novel 69-kD peptide autoantigen (ICA69) associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by screening a human islet lambda gt11 cDNA expression library with cytoplasmic islet cell antibody positive sera from relatives of IDDM patients who progressed to the overt disease. |
| 8767 | 8326004 | Serum samples from relatives of IDDM patients specifically reacted with affinity-purified recombinant ICA69 on Western blotting. |
| 8768 | 8326004 | A homologue in the mouse, designated Ica-1 was mapped to the proximal end of chromosome 6 (within 6 cM of the Met protooncogene). |
| 8769 | 8337508 | Diabetic patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 11 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM); and group 2 included 6 cases of noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and 3 cases of gestational diabetes (GDM). |
| 8770 | 8338816 | The frequencies of HLA-DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1 alleles were compared between 50 Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Melitus (IDDM) patients and 49 healthy controls in the Greek population. |
| 8771 | 8340747 | Long QT syndrome (Romano-Ward syndrome) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been documented as being linked with gene(s) on chromosome 11p although concurrence of the two disorders has not been reported. |
| 8772 | 8344340 | HLA class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well established but is still difficult to map to a particular locus. |
| 8773 | 8344340 | Polymorphism of the genes coding for transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2), and located in the HLA class II region, was studied in 167 IDDM patients (116 adult-onset and 51 childhood-onset patients) and 98 normal controls using oligotyping after genomic amplification. |
| 8774 | 8344340 | From a practical point of view, they make the combined screening of HLA class II and TAP2 loci a highly valuable tool in IDDM prediction. |
| 8775 | 8344340 | HLA class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well established but is still difficult to map to a particular locus. |
| 8776 | 8344340 | Polymorphism of the genes coding for transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2), and located in the HLA class II region, was studied in 167 IDDM patients (116 adult-onset and 51 childhood-onset patients) and 98 normal controls using oligotyping after genomic amplification. |
| 8777 | 8344340 | From a practical point of view, they make the combined screening of HLA class II and TAP2 loci a highly valuable tool in IDDM prediction. |
| 8778 | 8344340 | HLA class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well established but is still difficult to map to a particular locus. |
| 8779 | 8344340 | Polymorphism of the genes coding for transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2), and located in the HLA class II region, was studied in 167 IDDM patients (116 adult-onset and 51 childhood-onset patients) and 98 normal controls using oligotyping after genomic amplification. |
| 8780 | 8344340 | From a practical point of view, they make the combined screening of HLA class II and TAP2 loci a highly valuable tool in IDDM prediction. |
| 8781 | 8345823 | Glycosylated serum proteins and glycosylated hemoglobin in the assessment of glycemic control in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8782 | 8345823 | To evaluate the relative value of glycosylated serum proteins (GSPs) versus glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in assessing glycemic control in diabetes mellitus, we performed regular monitoring of GSPs and HbA1c in 30 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who performed frequent self-glucose monitoring. |
| 8783 | 8345823 | Analysis of the relationship between patterns of glycemic control and GSPs and HbA1c demonstrated that subjects with IDDM and NIDDM appeared similar when the more traditional indicators of glycemic control such as mean blood glucose level (166.9 +/- 20.9 v 177.4 +/- 39.6 mg/dL) or HbA1c (83.57 +/- 12.8 v 80.24 +/- 15.7 mmol hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde [HMF]/mol hemoglobin [Hgb]) were used. |
| 8784 | 8345823 | Glycosylated serum proteins and glycosylated hemoglobin in the assessment of glycemic control in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8785 | 8345823 | To evaluate the relative value of glycosylated serum proteins (GSPs) versus glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in assessing glycemic control in diabetes mellitus, we performed regular monitoring of GSPs and HbA1c in 30 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who performed frequent self-glucose monitoring. |
| 8786 | 8345823 | Analysis of the relationship between patterns of glycemic control and GSPs and HbA1c demonstrated that subjects with IDDM and NIDDM appeared similar when the more traditional indicators of glycemic control such as mean blood glucose level (166.9 +/- 20.9 v 177.4 +/- 39.6 mg/dL) or HbA1c (83.57 +/- 12.8 v 80.24 +/- 15.7 mmol hydroxymethyl furfuraldehyde [HMF]/mol hemoglobin [Hgb]) were used. |
| 8787 | 8347381 | To investigate if alterations of the amino acid metabolism may play a more important role in the etiology of diabetic microangiopathy than hitherto recognized, free amino acids in plasma were measured by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in healthy individuals (REF) and patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8788 | 8351904 | To assess whether physicians, residents, medical students, hospital diagnosis coders, and patients properly use the designations insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) that were established by criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group, we reviewed clinic and hospital records and administered questionnaires. |
| 8789 | 8351904 | Although essentially all cases of true IDDM were identified as such and most cases of NIDDM not requiring insulin therapy were correctly identified by all groups, patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy were misidentified as having IDDM by 38% of residents in internal medicine clinics and 68% of primary care and surgical subspecialty residents. |
| 8790 | 8351904 | On a survey, of 22 patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy, 17 (77%) considered themselves to have IDDM. |
| 8791 | 8351904 | Thus, patients who have NIDDM by the established criteria who are on insulin therapy are commonly mislabeled as having IDDM. |
| 8792 | 8351904 | To assess whether physicians, residents, medical students, hospital diagnosis coders, and patients properly use the designations insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) that were established by criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group, we reviewed clinic and hospital records and administered questionnaires. |
| 8793 | 8351904 | Although essentially all cases of true IDDM were identified as such and most cases of NIDDM not requiring insulin therapy were correctly identified by all groups, patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy were misidentified as having IDDM by 38% of residents in internal medicine clinics and 68% of primary care and surgical subspecialty residents. |
| 8794 | 8351904 | On a survey, of 22 patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy, 17 (77%) considered themselves to have IDDM. |
| 8795 | 8351904 | Thus, patients who have NIDDM by the established criteria who are on insulin therapy are commonly mislabeled as having IDDM. |
| 8796 | 8351904 | To assess whether physicians, residents, medical students, hospital diagnosis coders, and patients properly use the designations insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) that were established by criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group, we reviewed clinic and hospital records and administered questionnaires. |
| 8797 | 8351904 | Although essentially all cases of true IDDM were identified as such and most cases of NIDDM not requiring insulin therapy were correctly identified by all groups, patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy were misidentified as having IDDM by 38% of residents in internal medicine clinics and 68% of primary care and surgical subspecialty residents. |
| 8798 | 8351904 | On a survey, of 22 patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy, 17 (77%) considered themselves to have IDDM. |
| 8799 | 8351904 | Thus, patients who have NIDDM by the established criteria who are on insulin therapy are commonly mislabeled as having IDDM. |
| 8800 | 8351904 | To assess whether physicians, residents, medical students, hospital diagnosis coders, and patients properly use the designations insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) that were established by criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group, we reviewed clinic and hospital records and administered questionnaires. |
| 8801 | 8351904 | Although essentially all cases of true IDDM were identified as such and most cases of NIDDM not requiring insulin therapy were correctly identified by all groups, patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy were misidentified as having IDDM by 38% of residents in internal medicine clinics and 68% of primary care and surgical subspecialty residents. |
| 8802 | 8351904 | On a survey, of 22 patients with NIDDM on insulin therapy, 17 (77%) considered themselves to have IDDM. |
| 8803 | 8351904 | Thus, patients who have NIDDM by the established criteria who are on insulin therapy are commonly mislabeled as having IDDM. |
| 8804 | 8352278 | Statistical evaluation of multiple-locus linkage data in experimental species and its relevance to human studies: application to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse and human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8805 | 8354314 | Patients with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) have been reported to have increased incidence of E2/2 homozygosity. |
| 8806 | 8354314 | Apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1) and B (apoB) were measured by turbidometry. |
| 8807 | 8354314 | In the diabetic children, there was a distinct relation between apoE phenotype and plasma lipids; presence of apoE2 was associated with the lowest and that of apoE4 with the highest concentrations of total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) C, and apoB. |
| 8808 | 8354314 | Ratios of HDL-C/LDL-C and apoA1/apoB showed on opposite trend. |
| 8809 | 8355109 | We prospectively studied 63 children with transient hyperglycemia to determine their risk of acquiring insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to evaluate the predictive value of immunologic markers of prediabetes and of the intravenous glucose tolerance test. |
| 8810 | 8355109 | Islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies each had a 100% positive predictive value for IDDM; the negative predictive value of islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies was 96% and 98%, respectively. |
| 8811 | 8355109 | All children less than 6 years of age with stimulated insulin release levels < 85 pmol/L (12 microU/ml) subsequently had IDDM, as did an 11-year-old child whose stimulated insulin release level was below the 1st percentile of 170 pmol/L (24 microU/ml). |
| 8812 | 8355109 | To date, no child whose stimulated insulin release level was above the 5th percentile has had IDDM. |
| 8813 | 8355109 | We prospectively studied 63 children with transient hyperglycemia to determine their risk of acquiring insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to evaluate the predictive value of immunologic markers of prediabetes and of the intravenous glucose tolerance test. |
| 8814 | 8355109 | Islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies each had a 100% positive predictive value for IDDM; the negative predictive value of islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies was 96% and 98%, respectively. |
| 8815 | 8355109 | All children less than 6 years of age with stimulated insulin release levels < 85 pmol/L (12 microU/ml) subsequently had IDDM, as did an 11-year-old child whose stimulated insulin release level was below the 1st percentile of 170 pmol/L (24 microU/ml). |
| 8816 | 8355109 | To date, no child whose stimulated insulin release level was above the 5th percentile has had IDDM. |
| 8817 | 8355109 | We prospectively studied 63 children with transient hyperglycemia to determine their risk of acquiring insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to evaluate the predictive value of immunologic markers of prediabetes and of the intravenous glucose tolerance test. |
| 8818 | 8355109 | Islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies each had a 100% positive predictive value for IDDM; the negative predictive value of islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies was 96% and 98%, respectively. |
| 8819 | 8355109 | All children less than 6 years of age with stimulated insulin release levels < 85 pmol/L (12 microU/ml) subsequently had IDDM, as did an 11-year-old child whose stimulated insulin release level was below the 1st percentile of 170 pmol/L (24 microU/ml). |
| 8820 | 8355109 | To date, no child whose stimulated insulin release level was above the 5th percentile has had IDDM. |
| 8821 | 8355109 | We prospectively studied 63 children with transient hyperglycemia to determine their risk of acquiring insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to evaluate the predictive value of immunologic markers of prediabetes and of the intravenous glucose tolerance test. |
| 8822 | 8355109 | Islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies each had a 100% positive predictive value for IDDM; the negative predictive value of islet cell antibodies and competitive insulin autoantibodies was 96% and 98%, respectively. |
| 8823 | 8355109 | All children less than 6 years of age with stimulated insulin release levels < 85 pmol/L (12 microU/ml) subsequently had IDDM, as did an 11-year-old child whose stimulated insulin release level was below the 1st percentile of 170 pmol/L (24 microU/ml). |
| 8824 | 8355109 | To date, no child whose stimulated insulin release level was above the 5th percentile has had IDDM. |
| 8825 | 8359606 | In a population of 41,940 14.5/1000 patients with diabetes were identified: 12/1000 NIDDM and 2.5/1000 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8826 | 8361886 | [Basal and reactive renin and aldosterone secretion in arterial hypertension of insulin dependent diabetics]. |
| 8827 | 8361886 | The aim of the study was to assess the significance of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (R-A-A) in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes type I (IDDM). |
| 8828 | 8370332 | A volunteer sample of 53 subjects was selected from people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 8829 | 8370685 | At puberty, elevated circulating GH concentrations are found, with a parallel increase in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 8830 | 8370685 | However, these hormonal changes are less well understood in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the peripubertal years. |
| 8831 | 8370685 | Since the metabolic derangement is often associated with elevated circulating GH and diminished serum IGF-I levels, we sought to determine whether similar alterations occur in boys with IDDM. |
| 8832 | 8370685 | Similar to those in the normal boys, circulating GH concentrations and serum IGF-I levels increased during puberty in the boys with IDDM. |
| 8833 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 8834 | 8370685 | We conclude that comparable increments in GH secretion and serum IGF-I levels in boys with IDDM in moderate glycemic control and controls are presumably related to increased levels of testosterone in both groups. |
| 8835 | 8370685 | At puberty, elevated circulating GH concentrations are found, with a parallel increase in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 8836 | 8370685 | However, these hormonal changes are less well understood in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the peripubertal years. |
| 8837 | 8370685 | Since the metabolic derangement is often associated with elevated circulating GH and diminished serum IGF-I levels, we sought to determine whether similar alterations occur in boys with IDDM. |
| 8838 | 8370685 | Similar to those in the normal boys, circulating GH concentrations and serum IGF-I levels increased during puberty in the boys with IDDM. |
| 8839 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 8840 | 8370685 | We conclude that comparable increments in GH secretion and serum IGF-I levels in boys with IDDM in moderate glycemic control and controls are presumably related to increased levels of testosterone in both groups. |
| 8841 | 8370685 | At puberty, elevated circulating GH concentrations are found, with a parallel increase in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 8842 | 8370685 | However, these hormonal changes are less well understood in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the peripubertal years. |
| 8843 | 8370685 | Since the metabolic derangement is often associated with elevated circulating GH and diminished serum IGF-I levels, we sought to determine whether similar alterations occur in boys with IDDM. |
| 8844 | 8370685 | Similar to those in the normal boys, circulating GH concentrations and serum IGF-I levels increased during puberty in the boys with IDDM. |
| 8845 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 8846 | 8370685 | We conclude that comparable increments in GH secretion and serum IGF-I levels in boys with IDDM in moderate glycemic control and controls are presumably related to increased levels of testosterone in both groups. |
| 8847 | 8370685 | At puberty, elevated circulating GH concentrations are found, with a parallel increase in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 8848 | 8370685 | However, these hormonal changes are less well understood in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the peripubertal years. |
| 8849 | 8370685 | Since the metabolic derangement is often associated with elevated circulating GH and diminished serum IGF-I levels, we sought to determine whether similar alterations occur in boys with IDDM. |
| 8850 | 8370685 | Similar to those in the normal boys, circulating GH concentrations and serum IGF-I levels increased during puberty in the boys with IDDM. |
| 8851 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 8852 | 8370685 | We conclude that comparable increments in GH secretion and serum IGF-I levels in boys with IDDM in moderate glycemic control and controls are presumably related to increased levels of testosterone in both groups. |
| 8853 | 8370685 | At puberty, elevated circulating GH concentrations are found, with a parallel increase in the levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 8854 | 8370685 | However, these hormonal changes are less well understood in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the peripubertal years. |
| 8855 | 8370685 | Since the metabolic derangement is often associated with elevated circulating GH and diminished serum IGF-I levels, we sought to determine whether similar alterations occur in boys with IDDM. |
| 8856 | 8370685 | Similar to those in the normal boys, circulating GH concentrations and serum IGF-I levels increased during puberty in the boys with IDDM. |
| 8857 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 8858 | 8370685 | We conclude that comparable increments in GH secretion and serum IGF-I levels in boys with IDDM in moderate glycemic control and controls are presumably related to increased levels of testosterone in both groups. |
| 8859 | 8370696 | Using time-dependent methods, the temporal relationships between the detection of insulin and islet cell autoantibodies and the onset of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) were analyzed in a prospective study of 4694 nondiabetic relatives of 1929 patients with IDDM who had been followed for a median of 4 yr. |
| 8860 | 8370696 | Among older relatives, the detection of insulin autoantibodies among those who were islet cell antibody positive did not convey an additional risk of IDDM. |
| 8861 | 8370696 | Using time-dependent methods, the temporal relationships between the detection of insulin and islet cell autoantibodies and the onset of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) were analyzed in a prospective study of 4694 nondiabetic relatives of 1929 patients with IDDM who had been followed for a median of 4 yr. |
| 8862 | 8370696 | Among older relatives, the detection of insulin autoantibodies among those who were islet cell antibody positive did not convey an additional risk of IDDM. |
| 8863 | 8371285 | Two hundred fifty-three (78.3%) individuals had noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 61 (18.9%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 9 (2.8%) had diabetes of uncertain type. |
| 8864 | 8375272 | Short-acting insulin at a dose of 0.1 U/kg was injected in an intravenous bolus form into 12 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 9 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics before and 1-3 months after strict glycemic control with multiple insulin injections therapy. |
| 8865 | 8375272 | Before strict glycemic regulations in IDDM, no significant rise in plasma glucagon concentrations was observed during the insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 8866 | 8375272 | After strict glycemic regulations, in patients with residual endogenous insulin secretion, the glucagon response to hypoglycemia improved considerably in IDDM and normalized in NIDDM. |
| 8867 | 8375272 | Short-acting insulin at a dose of 0.1 U/kg was injected in an intravenous bolus form into 12 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 9 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics before and 1-3 months after strict glycemic control with multiple insulin injections therapy. |
| 8868 | 8375272 | Before strict glycemic regulations in IDDM, no significant rise in plasma glucagon concentrations was observed during the insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 8869 | 8375272 | After strict glycemic regulations, in patients with residual endogenous insulin secretion, the glucagon response to hypoglycemia improved considerably in IDDM and normalized in NIDDM. |
| 8870 | 8375272 | Short-acting insulin at a dose of 0.1 U/kg was injected in an intravenous bolus form into 12 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 9 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetics before and 1-3 months after strict glycemic control with multiple insulin injections therapy. |
| 8871 | 8375272 | Before strict glycemic regulations in IDDM, no significant rise in plasma glucagon concentrations was observed during the insulin-induced hypoglycemia. |
| 8872 | 8375272 | After strict glycemic regulations, in patients with residual endogenous insulin secretion, the glucagon response to hypoglycemia improved considerably in IDDM and normalized in NIDDM. |
| 8873 | 8376591 | We investigated the presence of autoantibodies to baculovirus-expressed human recombinant 65- and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8874 | 8376591 | In the immunoprecipitation test using [35S]methionine-labeled GADs antibodies to GAD65 were detected in 13/15 (87%) islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and in 1/35 (2.9%) ICA-negative first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM, in 6/11 (54.5%) ICA-positive nondiabetic schoolchildren, and in 35/50 (70%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 8875 | 8376591 | After onset of IDDM antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 declined but were still positive in 25 and 9.4% of subjects with long-standing IDDM (> 10 yr). |
| 8876 | 8376591 | An immunotrapping enzyme activity assay for GAD65 antibodies was positive in 64/75 (85.3%) of sera that were GAD antibody positive in the immunoprecipitation test (r = 0.870, P < 0.0001). |
| 8877 | 8376591 | In two (2.7%) sera GAD65 antibodies that block GAD enzyme activity were found. |
| 8878 | 8376591 | Our data suggest that antibodies to GAD65 but not to GAD67 represent sensitive markers for preclinical and overt IDDM. |
| 8879 | 8376591 | We investigated the presence of autoantibodies to baculovirus-expressed human recombinant 65- and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8880 | 8376591 | In the immunoprecipitation test using [35S]methionine-labeled GADs antibodies to GAD65 were detected in 13/15 (87%) islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and in 1/35 (2.9%) ICA-negative first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM, in 6/11 (54.5%) ICA-positive nondiabetic schoolchildren, and in 35/50 (70%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 8881 | 8376591 | After onset of IDDM antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 declined but were still positive in 25 and 9.4% of subjects with long-standing IDDM (> 10 yr). |
| 8882 | 8376591 | An immunotrapping enzyme activity assay for GAD65 antibodies was positive in 64/75 (85.3%) of sera that were GAD antibody positive in the immunoprecipitation test (r = 0.870, P < 0.0001). |
| 8883 | 8376591 | In two (2.7%) sera GAD65 antibodies that block GAD enzyme activity were found. |
| 8884 | 8376591 | Our data suggest that antibodies to GAD65 but not to GAD67 represent sensitive markers for preclinical and overt IDDM. |
| 8885 | 8376591 | We investigated the presence of autoantibodies to baculovirus-expressed human recombinant 65- and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8886 | 8376591 | In the immunoprecipitation test using [35S]methionine-labeled GADs antibodies to GAD65 were detected in 13/15 (87%) islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and in 1/35 (2.9%) ICA-negative first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM, in 6/11 (54.5%) ICA-positive nondiabetic schoolchildren, and in 35/50 (70%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 8887 | 8376591 | After onset of IDDM antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 declined but were still positive in 25 and 9.4% of subjects with long-standing IDDM (> 10 yr). |
| 8888 | 8376591 | An immunotrapping enzyme activity assay for GAD65 antibodies was positive in 64/75 (85.3%) of sera that were GAD antibody positive in the immunoprecipitation test (r = 0.870, P < 0.0001). |
| 8889 | 8376591 | In two (2.7%) sera GAD65 antibodies that block GAD enzyme activity were found. |
| 8890 | 8376591 | Our data suggest that antibodies to GAD65 but not to GAD67 represent sensitive markers for preclinical and overt IDDM. |
| 8891 | 8376591 | We investigated the presence of autoantibodies to baculovirus-expressed human recombinant 65- and 67-kD isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8892 | 8376591 | In the immunoprecipitation test using [35S]methionine-labeled GADs antibodies to GAD65 were detected in 13/15 (87%) islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive and in 1/35 (2.9%) ICA-negative first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM, in 6/11 (54.5%) ICA-positive nondiabetic schoolchildren, and in 35/50 (70%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 8893 | 8376591 | After onset of IDDM antibodies to GAD65 and GAD67 declined but were still positive in 25 and 9.4% of subjects with long-standing IDDM (> 10 yr). |
| 8894 | 8376591 | An immunotrapping enzyme activity assay for GAD65 antibodies was positive in 64/75 (85.3%) of sera that were GAD antibody positive in the immunoprecipitation test (r = 0.870, P < 0.0001). |
| 8895 | 8376591 | In two (2.7%) sera GAD65 antibodies that block GAD enzyme activity were found. |
| 8896 | 8376591 | Our data suggest that antibodies to GAD65 but not to GAD67 represent sensitive markers for preclinical and overt IDDM. |
| 8897 | 8384910 | The incidence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may depend on factors other than the quality of diabetes control. |
| 8898 | 8399577 | This longitudinal study was performed to evaluate the change of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose control in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during predialysis (PreD), on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and after kidney graft. |
| 8899 | 8399577 | The mean values of weight, serum albumin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, and triglycerides were calculated during each period. |
| 8900 | 8405065 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is an established animal model of the autoimmune disease, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8901 | 8405701 | Tolerance to IDDM induced by CD4 antibodies in nonobese diabetic mice is reversed by cyclophosphamide. |
| 8902 | 8405709 | In IDDM, mononuclear cells accumulate in the islets of Langerhans and destroy insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 8903 | 8405709 | The cell line was uniformly CD4-positive, TCR V beta 5.1-positive, LFA-1-positive (CD 11a/CD18), VLA-4 alpha-positive (CD 49d), and CD 44-positive but negative for L-selectin (peripheral lymph node homing receptor). |
| 8904 | 8408455 | In vitro production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8905 | 8408455 | The in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in those with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in healthy volunteers. |
| 8906 | 8408455 | The production of IL-1 and IL-6 by monocytes was significantly lower in IDDM patients than in NIDDM patients and normal subjects whereas the TNF-alpha production by monocytes did not differ between IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8907 | 8408455 | On the other hand, the TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8908 | 8408455 | There was a significant correlation between IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations in culture supernatants of monocytes for IDDM patients but not for NIDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8909 | 8408455 | In the serial observation lasting 3-18 months, the monocyte production of IL-1 was found to be consistently reduced in IDDM patients unrelated to the control state of diabetes, suggesting that the reduction of the IL-1 and IL-6 production by monocytes in IDDM patients may be intrinsically affected by immunological defects. |
| 8910 | 8408455 | In vitro production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8911 | 8408455 | The in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in those with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in healthy volunteers. |
| 8912 | 8408455 | The production of IL-1 and IL-6 by monocytes was significantly lower in IDDM patients than in NIDDM patients and normal subjects whereas the TNF-alpha production by monocytes did not differ between IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8913 | 8408455 | On the other hand, the TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8914 | 8408455 | There was a significant correlation between IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations in culture supernatants of monocytes for IDDM patients but not for NIDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8915 | 8408455 | In the serial observation lasting 3-18 months, the monocyte production of IL-1 was found to be consistently reduced in IDDM patients unrelated to the control state of diabetes, suggesting that the reduction of the IL-1 and IL-6 production by monocytes in IDDM patients may be intrinsically affected by immunological defects. |
| 8916 | 8408455 | In vitro production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8917 | 8408455 | The in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in those with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in healthy volunteers. |
| 8918 | 8408455 | The production of IL-1 and IL-6 by monocytes was significantly lower in IDDM patients than in NIDDM patients and normal subjects whereas the TNF-alpha production by monocytes did not differ between IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8919 | 8408455 | On the other hand, the TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8920 | 8408455 | There was a significant correlation between IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations in culture supernatants of monocytes for IDDM patients but not for NIDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8921 | 8408455 | In the serial observation lasting 3-18 months, the monocyte production of IL-1 was found to be consistently reduced in IDDM patients unrelated to the control state of diabetes, suggesting that the reduction of the IL-1 and IL-6 production by monocytes in IDDM patients may be intrinsically affected by immunological defects. |
| 8922 | 8408455 | In vitro production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8923 | 8408455 | The in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in those with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in healthy volunteers. |
| 8924 | 8408455 | The production of IL-1 and IL-6 by monocytes was significantly lower in IDDM patients than in NIDDM patients and normal subjects whereas the TNF-alpha production by monocytes did not differ between IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8925 | 8408455 | On the other hand, the TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8926 | 8408455 | There was a significant correlation between IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations in culture supernatants of monocytes for IDDM patients but not for NIDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8927 | 8408455 | In the serial observation lasting 3-18 months, the monocyte production of IL-1 was found to be consistently reduced in IDDM patients unrelated to the control state of diabetes, suggesting that the reduction of the IL-1 and IL-6 production by monocytes in IDDM patients may be intrinsically affected by immunological defects. |
| 8928 | 8408455 | In vitro production of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8929 | 8408455 | The in vitro production of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by monocytes was examined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in those with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and in healthy volunteers. |
| 8930 | 8408455 | The production of IL-1 and IL-6 by monocytes was significantly lower in IDDM patients than in NIDDM patients and normal subjects whereas the TNF-alpha production by monocytes did not differ between IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8931 | 8408455 | On the other hand, the TNF-alpha production was significantly higher in NIDDM patients than in IDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8932 | 8408455 | There was a significant correlation between IL-1 and IL-6 concentrations in culture supernatants of monocytes for IDDM patients but not for NIDDM patients and normal subjects. |
| 8933 | 8408455 | In the serial observation lasting 3-18 months, the monocyte production of IL-1 was found to be consistently reduced in IDDM patients unrelated to the control state of diabetes, suggesting that the reduction of the IL-1 and IL-6 production by monocytes in IDDM patients may be intrinsically affected by immunological defects. |
| 8934 | 8410569 | Extended previous studies of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that have implicated family conflict as a correlate of poor adaptation to the disease and inadequate diabetic control. |
| 8935 | 8415343 | Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appears to be rare in indigenous African populations, but little detailed information has been published. |
| 8936 | 8417376 | HLA-DQB1 typing of north east Italian IDDM patients using amplified DNA, oligonucleotide probes and a rapid DNA-enzyme immunoassay (DEIA). |
| 8937 | 8417376 | We report on HLA-DQB1 typing in IDDM patients of north east Italian region using an enzymatic method based on the detection of hybridization reaction between PCR amplified DNA from whole blood and allele specific oligonucleotides by an antibody directed against double stranded DNA (DNA-enzyme immunoassay or DEIA). |
| 8938 | 8417376 | Nineteen families, each including one subject with juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed. |
| 8939 | 8417376 | HLA-DQB1 typing of north east Italian IDDM patients using amplified DNA, oligonucleotide probes and a rapid DNA-enzyme immunoassay (DEIA). |
| 8940 | 8417376 | We report on HLA-DQB1 typing in IDDM patients of north east Italian region using an enzymatic method based on the detection of hybridization reaction between PCR amplified DNA from whole blood and allele specific oligonucleotides by an antibody directed against double stranded DNA (DNA-enzyme immunoassay or DEIA). |
| 8941 | 8417376 | Nineteen families, each including one subject with juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed. |
| 8942 | 8417376 | HLA-DQB1 typing of north east Italian IDDM patients using amplified DNA, oligonucleotide probes and a rapid DNA-enzyme immunoassay (DEIA). |
| 8943 | 8417376 | We report on HLA-DQB1 typing in IDDM patients of north east Italian region using an enzymatic method based on the detection of hybridization reaction between PCR amplified DNA from whole blood and allele specific oligonucleotides by an antibody directed against double stranded DNA (DNA-enzyme immunoassay or DEIA). |
| 8944 | 8417376 | Nineteen families, each including one subject with juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were analyzed. |
| 8945 | 8417412 | Recent data suggest that aggressive antihypertensive therapy (angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitors, prazosin, and calcium channel blockers) have significantly improved overall prognosis and long-term survival for individuals with IDDM. |
| 8946 | 8420505 | In this investigation 100 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 314 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients with and without an objective evidence of neuropathy, having an age span of 15 to 80 years and the duration of diabetes distributed over 1-33 years were included along with age-matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 8947 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8948 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8949 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8950 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8951 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8952 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8953 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8954 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8955 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8956 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8957 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8958 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8959 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8960 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8961 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8962 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8963 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8964 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8965 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8966 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8967 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8968 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8969 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8970 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8971 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8972 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8973 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8974 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8975 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8976 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8977 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8978 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8979 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8980 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8981 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8982 | 8421083 | The serum growth hormone-binding protein is reduced in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 8983 | 8421083 | Despite elevated serum concentrations of GH, longitudinal growth is stunted in a considerable number of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8984 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 8985 | 8421083 | GH-BP activity was significantly lower in IDDM patients, with a corrected binding of 16.8 +/- 0.6% compared to 21.3 +/- 0.7% in control children (mean +/- SE; P < 0.0001, Wilcoxon-test). |
| 8986 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 8987 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 8988 | 8421083 | Based on this novel finding, we conclude that decreased GH receptor density may explain reduced growth velocity despite increased secretion of GH in some IDDM children. |
| 8989 | 8423232 | At and before onset, most insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) have islet GAD65 autoantibodies (GAD65Ab). |
| 8990 | 8423232 | Since IDDM also occurs in older patients where non-insulin-dependent diabetes is common, we studied GAD65Ab at onset to classify diabetes type. |
| 8991 | 8423232 | At and before onset, most insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) have islet GAD65 autoantibodies (GAD65Ab). |
| 8992 | 8423232 | Since IDDM also occurs in older patients where non-insulin-dependent diabetes is common, we studied GAD65Ab at onset to classify diabetes type. |
| 8993 | 8423330 | One such process is insulitis, the pancreatic islet inflammation that leads to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 8994 | 8423330 | It was acquired before the onset of insulitis but subsided after the onset of diabetes. 3) In contrast, neither unsorted total T cells nor in vitro-purified RT6- T cells activated EC. 4) Older DR rats depleted of RT6+ T cells did not become diabetic and their RT6- T cells did not activate EC. 5) T cell IFN-gamma production correlated with the intensity of EC activation. 6) direct T cell-EC contact was required for maximal IFN-gamma production and EC activation. |
| 8995 | 8425665 | To examine this association while accounting for the genetic susceptibility to IDDM, we defined individuals as high and low risk by an HLA-DQB1 molecular marker. |
| 8996 | 8426285 | Subject listings stratified for age (19 to 40 years) and sex were obtained for subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic subjects. |
| 8997 | 8432211 | OBJECTIVE--Increased physical activity and physical fitness are recommended therapeutic modalities in addition to insulin and diet in the management of children with IDDM. |
| 8998 | 8432211 | In IDDM patients, VO2max correlated inversely with HbA1, insulin dose, cholesterol, LDL, TGs, and Lp(a), but did not correlate with HDL, which correlated inversely with BMI. |
| 8999 | 8432211 | OBJECTIVE--Increased physical activity and physical fitness are recommended therapeutic modalities in addition to insulin and diet in the management of children with IDDM. |
| 9000 | 8432211 | In IDDM patients, VO2max correlated inversely with HbA1, insulin dose, cholesterol, LDL, TGs, and Lp(a), but did not correlate with HDL, which correlated inversely with BMI. |
| 9001 | 8432410 | We have reported previously that chronic and systemic administration of a streptococcal preparation (OK-432), an inducer of TNF, or of recombinant hTNF prevented the development of IDDM in the two animal models of IDDM-NOD mice and BB rats. |
| 9002 | 8433987 | Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset. |
| 9003 | 8433987 | Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset inhibits high-Km uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by rat pancreatic islets. |
| 9004 | 8433987 | To determine if the inhibition is the result of antibodies against GLUT-2, the high-Km glucose transporter of beta cells, we incubated IDDM sera with rat islet cells and with AtT-20ins cells transfected to express GLUT-2. |
| 9005 | 8433987 | IDDM sera inhibited glucose uptake in islet cells and in GLUT-2-expressing AtT-20ins cells but not in AtT-20ins cells transfected to express the low-Km isoform, GLUT-1. |
| 9006 | 8433987 | In 24 of 30 (77%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, IgG binding as measured by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of the cells transfected to express GLUT-2 was > 2 standard deviations from the mean of the nondiabetic population; 29 of 31 (96%) of nondiabetic children were negative (P < 0.0001). |
| 9007 | 8433987 | We conclude that most patients with IDDM of recent onset have autoantibodies to GLUT-2. |
| 9008 | 8433987 | Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset. |
| 9009 | 8433987 | Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset inhibits high-Km uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by rat pancreatic islets. |
| 9010 | 8433987 | To determine if the inhibition is the result of antibodies against GLUT-2, the high-Km glucose transporter of beta cells, we incubated IDDM sera with rat islet cells and with AtT-20ins cells transfected to express GLUT-2. |
| 9011 | 8433987 | IDDM sera inhibited glucose uptake in islet cells and in GLUT-2-expressing AtT-20ins cells but not in AtT-20ins cells transfected to express the low-Km isoform, GLUT-1. |
| 9012 | 8433987 | In 24 of 30 (77%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, IgG binding as measured by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of the cells transfected to express GLUT-2 was > 2 standard deviations from the mean of the nondiabetic population; 29 of 31 (96%) of nondiabetic children were negative (P < 0.0001). |
| 9013 | 8433987 | We conclude that most patients with IDDM of recent onset have autoantibodies to GLUT-2. |
| 9014 | 8433987 | Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset. |
| 9015 | 8433987 | Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset inhibits high-Km uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by rat pancreatic islets. |
| 9016 | 8433987 | To determine if the inhibition is the result of antibodies against GLUT-2, the high-Km glucose transporter of beta cells, we incubated IDDM sera with rat islet cells and with AtT-20ins cells transfected to express GLUT-2. |
| 9017 | 8433987 | IDDM sera inhibited glucose uptake in islet cells and in GLUT-2-expressing AtT-20ins cells but not in AtT-20ins cells transfected to express the low-Km isoform, GLUT-1. |
| 9018 | 8433987 | In 24 of 30 (77%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, IgG binding as measured by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of the cells transfected to express GLUT-2 was > 2 standard deviations from the mean of the nondiabetic population; 29 of 31 (96%) of nondiabetic children were negative (P < 0.0001). |
| 9019 | 8433987 | We conclude that most patients with IDDM of recent onset have autoantibodies to GLUT-2. |
| 9020 | 8433987 | Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset. |
| 9021 | 8433987 | Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset inhibits high-Km uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by rat pancreatic islets. |
| 9022 | 8433987 | To determine if the inhibition is the result of antibodies against GLUT-2, the high-Km glucose transporter of beta cells, we incubated IDDM sera with rat islet cells and with AtT-20ins cells transfected to express GLUT-2. |
| 9023 | 8433987 | IDDM sera inhibited glucose uptake in islet cells and in GLUT-2-expressing AtT-20ins cells but not in AtT-20ins cells transfected to express the low-Km isoform, GLUT-1. |
| 9024 | 8433987 | In 24 of 30 (77%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, IgG binding as measured by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of the cells transfected to express GLUT-2 was > 2 standard deviations from the mean of the nondiabetic population; 29 of 31 (96%) of nondiabetic children were negative (P < 0.0001). |
| 9025 | 8433987 | We conclude that most patients with IDDM of recent onset have autoantibodies to GLUT-2. |
| 9026 | 8433987 | Autoantibodies to the GLUT-2 glucose transporter of beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset. |
| 9027 | 8433987 | Purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset inhibits high-Km uptake of 3-O-methyl-beta-D-glucose by rat pancreatic islets. |
| 9028 | 8433987 | To determine if the inhibition is the result of antibodies against GLUT-2, the high-Km glucose transporter of beta cells, we incubated IDDM sera with rat islet cells and with AtT-20ins cells transfected to express GLUT-2. |
| 9029 | 8433987 | IDDM sera inhibited glucose uptake in islet cells and in GLUT-2-expressing AtT-20ins cells but not in AtT-20ins cells transfected to express the low-Km isoform, GLUT-1. |
| 9030 | 8433987 | In 24 of 30 (77%) patients with newly diagnosed IDDM, IgG binding as measured by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry of the cells transfected to express GLUT-2 was > 2 standard deviations from the mean of the nondiabetic population; 29 of 31 (96%) of nondiabetic children were negative (P < 0.0001). |
| 9031 | 8433987 | We conclude that most patients with IDDM of recent onset have autoantibodies to GLUT-2. |
| 9032 | 8436092 | Association of serum lipids with metabolic control and diet were studied in 72 young subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9033 | 8439475 | Early tubular alterations were studied in 53 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 32 of whom were followed at regular 6-monthly intervals for 3 years. |
| 9034 | 8439475 | The urinary levels of retinol-binding protein (RBP), beta 2-microglobulin and brush border antigens (BBA) (determined by monoclonal enzyme immunoassay) were taken as indices of functional and cellular tubular alterations; urinary albumin was considered an early marker of glomerular alterations. |
| 9035 | 8445012 | Because these adaptations are unique to intense exercise, we tested the physiological significance of the hyperinsulinemia by exercising six fit, postabsorptive young male subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after overnight glycemic normalization by iv insulin, keeping its infusion rate constant during and for 2 h after 100% maximum VO2 cycle ergometer exercise to exhaustion (12 min) (no postexercise hyperinsulinemia). |
| 9036 | 8445546 | Aspartate (GOT) and alanine (GPT) aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined in saliva samples collected by the Salivette method from well-controlled insulin-dependent (IDDM n = 11) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM n = 18) diabetic patients and from age-cross-matched healthy subjects (n = 33). |
| 9037 | 8445546 | GPT was higher in NIDDM than IDDM, which in turn was higher than in normal subjects (42.78 +/- 14.72, 16.45 +/- 3.74 and 6.85 +/- 1.52 UI/L respectively). |
| 9038 | 8445546 | Aspartate (GOT) and alanine (GPT) aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined in saliva samples collected by the Salivette method from well-controlled insulin-dependent (IDDM n = 11) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM n = 18) diabetic patients and from age-cross-matched healthy subjects (n = 33). |
| 9039 | 8445546 | GPT was higher in NIDDM than IDDM, which in turn was higher than in normal subjects (42.78 +/- 14.72, 16.45 +/- 3.74 and 6.85 +/- 1.52 UI/L respectively). |
| 9040 | 8447318 | Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9041 | 8447318 | A population association has consistently been observed between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the "class 1" alleles of the region of tandem-repeat DNA (5' flanking polymorphism [5'FP]) adjacent to the insulin gene on chromosome 11p. |
| 9042 | 8447318 | This finding suggests that the insulin gene region contains a gene or genes contributing to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 9043 | 8447318 | Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9044 | 8447318 | A population association has consistently been observed between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the "class 1" alleles of the region of tandem-repeat DNA (5' flanking polymorphism [5'FP]) adjacent to the insulin gene on chromosome 11p. |
| 9045 | 8447318 | This finding suggests that the insulin gene region contains a gene or genes contributing to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 9046 | 8447318 | Transmission test for linkage disequilibrium: the insulin gene region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9047 | 8447318 | A population association has consistently been observed between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the "class 1" alleles of the region of tandem-repeat DNA (5' flanking polymorphism [5'FP]) adjacent to the insulin gene on chromosome 11p. |
| 9048 | 8447318 | This finding suggests that the insulin gene region contains a gene or genes contributing to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 9049 | 8448621 | A young woman with the HLA phenotype A1, A2, B5, B8, DR3, DR4 developed RA, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), pernicious anaemia (PA), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), systemic sclerosis (SS), pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) and coeliac disease (CD) before dying from vasculitic complications. |
| 9050 | 8448621 | A family study revealed RA, PA and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) amongst her first degree relatives. |
| 9051 | 8450063 | We hypothesize that in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), recent antecedent iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a major cause of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, a disorder distinct from classical diabetic autonomic neuropathy (CDAN), and that hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, by reducing both symptoms of and defense against developing hypoglycemia, results in recurrent iatrogenic hypoglycemia, thus creating a vicious cycle. |
| 9052 | 8450063 | We used the hyperinsulinemic (12.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) stepped hypoglycemic clamp technique to assess autonomic and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia and the insulin infusion test (4.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) to assess defense against hypoglycemia on mornings before and after clamped afternoon hypoglycemia (approximately 2.8 mmol/liter) and hyperglycemia (approximately 11.1 mmol/liter) in patients with IDDM. |
| 9053 | 8450063 | Compared with nondiabetic subjects, IDDM with or without CDAN exhibited reduced epinephrine (P = 0.0222 and 0.0040) and pancreatic polypeptide (P = 0.0083 and 0.0056) responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 9054 | 8450063 | We hypothesize that in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), recent antecedent iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a major cause of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, a disorder distinct from classical diabetic autonomic neuropathy (CDAN), and that hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, by reducing both symptoms of and defense against developing hypoglycemia, results in recurrent iatrogenic hypoglycemia, thus creating a vicious cycle. |
| 9055 | 8450063 | We used the hyperinsulinemic (12.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) stepped hypoglycemic clamp technique to assess autonomic and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia and the insulin infusion test (4.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) to assess defense against hypoglycemia on mornings before and after clamped afternoon hypoglycemia (approximately 2.8 mmol/liter) and hyperglycemia (approximately 11.1 mmol/liter) in patients with IDDM. |
| 9056 | 8450063 | Compared with nondiabetic subjects, IDDM with or without CDAN exhibited reduced epinephrine (P = 0.0222 and 0.0040) and pancreatic polypeptide (P = 0.0083 and 0.0056) responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 9057 | 8450063 | We hypothesize that in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), recent antecedent iatrogenic hypoglycemia is a major cause of hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, a disorder distinct from classical diabetic autonomic neuropathy (CDAN), and that hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure, by reducing both symptoms of and defense against developing hypoglycemia, results in recurrent iatrogenic hypoglycemia, thus creating a vicious cycle. |
| 9058 | 8450063 | We used the hyperinsulinemic (12.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) stepped hypoglycemic clamp technique to assess autonomic and symptomatic responses to hypoglycemia and the insulin infusion test (4.0 pmol.kg-1.min-1) to assess defense against hypoglycemia on mornings before and after clamped afternoon hypoglycemia (approximately 2.8 mmol/liter) and hyperglycemia (approximately 11.1 mmol/liter) in patients with IDDM. |
| 9059 | 8450063 | Compared with nondiabetic subjects, IDDM with or without CDAN exhibited reduced epinephrine (P = 0.0222 and 0.0040) and pancreatic polypeptide (P = 0.0083 and 0.0056) responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 9060 | 8450132 | The strength of an insulin-dependent, diabetic (IDDM) person's sense of coherence (SOC), conceptualized according to Antonovsky's salutogenetic model, was related to patterns of problem-solving and to emotional coping strategies. |
| 9061 | 8453825 | We examined the plasma protein binding of an acidic drug (warfarin bound to albumin) and a basic drug [lidocaine (lignocaine) bound to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein] in 15 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 matched controls. |
| 9062 | 8453825 | This group had lower concentrations of both albumin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), achieving statistical significance vs control for albumin only. |
| 9063 | 8454875 | The high frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in children with congenital rubella suggests that the infectious agent may trigger the autoimmune process. |
| 9064 | 8454942 | Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as mediators of pancreatic islet beta cell damage in autoimmune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9065 | 8458294 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a training experience on the attitudes and beliefs of pediatric residents concerning insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), persons with diabetes, and the use of a multidisciplinary team to empower patients/families. |
| 9066 | 8458308 | The DFBS was administered to 321 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9067 | 8458309 | To assess the relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) self-care management and metabolic control in school-aged children, 21 children ages 10 to 14 years with a duration of IDDM of 5.5 years (range 1 to 13 years) were studied. |
| 9068 | 8458307 | Parents of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 38) were surveyed to identify common and difficult obstacles to diabetes care. |
| 9069 | 8469345 | Of these, 102 (26.8%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and 278 (73.2%) had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 9070 | 8472622 | In addition, we studied the hospital admission records during three consecutive years in order to find out the incidence of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) below 15 years of age in the Avila Health Care region of Spain. |
| 9071 | 8472628 | The hyperglycemic effect of intramuscularly injected GL-G was more potent and long-standing than when intravenously injected, particularly in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 9072 | 8472944 | Sixty-six outpatients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) filled in a life event questionnaire reflecting positive and negative life events perceived to have occurred over the past year. |
| 9073 | 8473380 | To investigate hypothalamic and/or pituitary abnormalities in women with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and secondary amenorrhea, we measured serum LH every 10 min for 24 h and for 2 additional h after the administration of exogenous GnRH in 8 women with IDDM and amenorrhea and compared these to data from 15 eumenorrheic nondiabetic women. |
| 9074 | 8473380 | The IDDM women responded to a 10-micrograms GnRH bolus with LH pulses of larger total (51 +/- 15.9 vs. 15 +/- 1.4 IU/L; P < 0.01) and incremental (29 +/- 7.6 vs. 9 +/- 1.2; P < 0.001) amplitude. |
| 9075 | 8473380 | To investigate hypothalamic and/or pituitary abnormalities in women with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and secondary amenorrhea, we measured serum LH every 10 min for 24 h and for 2 additional h after the administration of exogenous GnRH in 8 women with IDDM and amenorrhea and compared these to data from 15 eumenorrheic nondiabetic women. |
| 9076 | 8473380 | The IDDM women responded to a 10-micrograms GnRH bolus with LH pulses of larger total (51 +/- 15.9 vs. 15 +/- 1.4 IU/L; P < 0.01) and incremental (29 +/- 7.6 vs. 9 +/- 1.2; P < 0.001) amplitude. |
| 9077 | 8475491 | Genes for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of African-Americans. |
| 9078 | 8475491 | Mapping the MHC-associated susceptibility and resistance factors for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been difficult due to the strong linkage disequilibrium within the HLA-DR-DQ region. |
| 9079 | 8475491 | Genes for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of African-Americans. |
| 9080 | 8475491 | Mapping the MHC-associated susceptibility and resistance factors for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been difficult due to the strong linkage disequilibrium within the HLA-DR-DQ region. |
| 9081 | 8477801 | Linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles; no primary association between TAP2 variants and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9082 | 8477801 | The TAP1 and TAP2 genes, located in the HLA class II region, encode subunits of a peptide transporter. |
| 9083 | 8477801 | Here studies on linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles are reported, in an attempt to evaluate whether TAP2 variants are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9084 | 8477801 | As reported previously, a significant decrease of homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding alanine at residue 665 (665 Ala) and glutamine at 687 (687 Gln) paralleled by an increase in homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding threonine at residue 665 (665 Thr) and a stop codon at 687 (687 Stop), was found in both Finnish and Norwegian IDDM patients compared to random controls. |
| 9085 | 8477801 | Thus, when DR- and DQ-matched patients and controls were compared, associations of the investigated TAP2 variants and IDDM were no longer detectable. |
| 9086 | 8477801 | These data, therefore, indicate that the associations previously found between certain TAP2 variants and IDDM are secondary to a primary association between this disease and particular DQ alpha beta heterodimers. |
| 9087 | 8477801 | Linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles; no primary association between TAP2 variants and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9088 | 8477801 | The TAP1 and TAP2 genes, located in the HLA class II region, encode subunits of a peptide transporter. |
| 9089 | 8477801 | Here studies on linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles are reported, in an attempt to evaluate whether TAP2 variants are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9090 | 8477801 | As reported previously, a significant decrease of homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding alanine at residue 665 (665 Ala) and glutamine at 687 (687 Gln) paralleled by an increase in homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding threonine at residue 665 (665 Thr) and a stop codon at 687 (687 Stop), was found in both Finnish and Norwegian IDDM patients compared to random controls. |
| 9091 | 8477801 | Thus, when DR- and DQ-matched patients and controls were compared, associations of the investigated TAP2 variants and IDDM were no longer detectable. |
| 9092 | 8477801 | These data, therefore, indicate that the associations previously found between certain TAP2 variants and IDDM are secondary to a primary association between this disease and particular DQ alpha beta heterodimers. |
| 9093 | 8477801 | Linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles; no primary association between TAP2 variants and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9094 | 8477801 | The TAP1 and TAP2 genes, located in the HLA class II region, encode subunits of a peptide transporter. |
| 9095 | 8477801 | Here studies on linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles are reported, in an attempt to evaluate whether TAP2 variants are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9096 | 8477801 | As reported previously, a significant decrease of homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding alanine at residue 665 (665 Ala) and glutamine at 687 (687 Gln) paralleled by an increase in homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding threonine at residue 665 (665 Thr) and a stop codon at 687 (687 Stop), was found in both Finnish and Norwegian IDDM patients compared to random controls. |
| 9097 | 8477801 | Thus, when DR- and DQ-matched patients and controls were compared, associations of the investigated TAP2 variants and IDDM were no longer detectable. |
| 9098 | 8477801 | These data, therefore, indicate that the associations previously found between certain TAP2 variants and IDDM are secondary to a primary association between this disease and particular DQ alpha beta heterodimers. |
| 9099 | 8477801 | Linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles; no primary association between TAP2 variants and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9100 | 8477801 | The TAP1 and TAP2 genes, located in the HLA class II region, encode subunits of a peptide transporter. |
| 9101 | 8477801 | Here studies on linkage disequilibrium between TAP2 variants and HLA class II alleles are reported, in an attempt to evaluate whether TAP2 variants are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9102 | 8477801 | As reported previously, a significant decrease of homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding alanine at residue 665 (665 Ala) and glutamine at 687 (687 Gln) paralleled by an increase in homozygosity for TAP2 alleles encoding threonine at residue 665 (665 Thr) and a stop codon at 687 (687 Stop), was found in both Finnish and Norwegian IDDM patients compared to random controls. |
| 9103 | 8477801 | Thus, when DR- and DQ-matched patients and controls were compared, associations of the investigated TAP2 variants and IDDM were no longer detectable. |
| 9104 | 8477801 | These data, therefore, indicate that the associations previously found between certain TAP2 variants and IDDM are secondary to a primary association between this disease and particular DQ alpha beta heterodimers. |
| 9105 | 8479943 | In this group were 77 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), and 21 patients were insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 9106 | 8481544 | Our objective was to ascertain the frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Europids and four Asian ethnic groups with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to gain insight into why the prevalence and incidence of IDDM varies so widely among ethnic and/or geographically diverse population groups. |
| 9107 | 8481544 | The prevalence of antibodies to GAD, compared with Europids (63%), was much lower in all Asian populations with IDDM: Japanese (31%), Thai (29%), Korean (5%), and Chinese (27%). |
| 9108 | 8481544 | Almost all IDDM subjects positive for islet cell antibodies had antibodies to GAD, but the converse did not hold. |
| 9109 | 8481544 | A radioimmunoprecipitation assay for antibodies to GAD applied to serum from subjects with IDDM in various ethnic groups showed that Europids with IDDM had a much higher prevalence of such antibodies than did Asians. |
| 9110 | 8481544 | Our objective was to ascertain the frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Europids and four Asian ethnic groups with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to gain insight into why the prevalence and incidence of IDDM varies so widely among ethnic and/or geographically diverse population groups. |
| 9111 | 8481544 | The prevalence of antibodies to GAD, compared with Europids (63%), was much lower in all Asian populations with IDDM: Japanese (31%), Thai (29%), Korean (5%), and Chinese (27%). |
| 9112 | 8481544 | Almost all IDDM subjects positive for islet cell antibodies had antibodies to GAD, but the converse did not hold. |
| 9113 | 8481544 | A radioimmunoprecipitation assay for antibodies to GAD applied to serum from subjects with IDDM in various ethnic groups showed that Europids with IDDM had a much higher prevalence of such antibodies than did Asians. |
| 9114 | 8481544 | Our objective was to ascertain the frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Europids and four Asian ethnic groups with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to gain insight into why the prevalence and incidence of IDDM varies so widely among ethnic and/or geographically diverse population groups. |
| 9115 | 8481544 | The prevalence of antibodies to GAD, compared with Europids (63%), was much lower in all Asian populations with IDDM: Japanese (31%), Thai (29%), Korean (5%), and Chinese (27%). |
| 9116 | 8481544 | Almost all IDDM subjects positive for islet cell antibodies had antibodies to GAD, but the converse did not hold. |
| 9117 | 8481544 | A radioimmunoprecipitation assay for antibodies to GAD applied to serum from subjects with IDDM in various ethnic groups showed that Europids with IDDM had a much higher prevalence of such antibodies than did Asians. |
| 9118 | 8481544 | Our objective was to ascertain the frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in Europids and four Asian ethnic groups with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to gain insight into why the prevalence and incidence of IDDM varies so widely among ethnic and/or geographically diverse population groups. |
| 9119 | 8481544 | The prevalence of antibodies to GAD, compared with Europids (63%), was much lower in all Asian populations with IDDM: Japanese (31%), Thai (29%), Korean (5%), and Chinese (27%). |
| 9120 | 8481544 | Almost all IDDM subjects positive for islet cell antibodies had antibodies to GAD, but the converse did not hold. |
| 9121 | 8481544 | A radioimmunoprecipitation assay for antibodies to GAD applied to serum from subjects with IDDM in various ethnic groups showed that Europids with IDDM had a much higher prevalence of such antibodies than did Asians. |
| 9122 | 8481552 | The salivary composition and flow rate were examined in 20 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 19 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and compared with 20 healthy controls. |
| 9123 | 8481552 | A significant positive correlation was found between the gingival index and the concentrations of total protein, albumin, lysozyme, and lactoferrin in whole resting saliva in the three groups examined. |
| 9124 | 8486790 | Lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a chronic autoimmune disease, have recently been shown to have decreased surface expression of MHC class I antigens. |
| 9125 | 8486790 | Since IDDM and other autoimmune diseases share a strong genetic association with MHC class II genes, which may in turn be linked to genes that affect MHC class I expression, we studied other autoimmune diseases to determine whether MHC class I expression is abnormal. |
| 9126 | 8486790 | Freshly prepared PBLs from the autoimmune diseases studied and the corresponding fresh EBV-transformed B cell lines had decreased MHC class I expression compared with PBLs from normal volunteers and non-insulin-dependent (nonautoimmune) diabetic patients. |
| 9127 | 8486790 | Only 3 of more than 180 donors without IDDM or other clinically recognized autoimmune disease had persistently decreased MHC class I expression; one patient was treated with immunosuppressive drugs, and subsequent screening of the other two patients revealed high titers of autoantibodies, revealing clinically occult autoimmunity. |
| 9128 | 8486790 | Lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a chronic autoimmune disease, have recently been shown to have decreased surface expression of MHC class I antigens. |
| 9129 | 8486790 | Since IDDM and other autoimmune diseases share a strong genetic association with MHC class II genes, which may in turn be linked to genes that affect MHC class I expression, we studied other autoimmune diseases to determine whether MHC class I expression is abnormal. |
| 9130 | 8486790 | Freshly prepared PBLs from the autoimmune diseases studied and the corresponding fresh EBV-transformed B cell lines had decreased MHC class I expression compared with PBLs from normal volunteers and non-insulin-dependent (nonautoimmune) diabetic patients. |
| 9131 | 8486790 | Only 3 of more than 180 donors without IDDM or other clinically recognized autoimmune disease had persistently decreased MHC class I expression; one patient was treated with immunosuppressive drugs, and subsequent screening of the other two patients revealed high titers of autoantibodies, revealing clinically occult autoimmunity. |
| 9132 | 8486790 | Lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a chronic autoimmune disease, have recently been shown to have decreased surface expression of MHC class I antigens. |
| 9133 | 8486790 | Since IDDM and other autoimmune diseases share a strong genetic association with MHC class II genes, which may in turn be linked to genes that affect MHC class I expression, we studied other autoimmune diseases to determine whether MHC class I expression is abnormal. |
| 9134 | 8486790 | Freshly prepared PBLs from the autoimmune diseases studied and the corresponding fresh EBV-transformed B cell lines had decreased MHC class I expression compared with PBLs from normal volunteers and non-insulin-dependent (nonautoimmune) diabetic patients. |
| 9135 | 8486790 | Only 3 of more than 180 donors without IDDM or other clinically recognized autoimmune disease had persistently decreased MHC class I expression; one patient was treated with immunosuppressive drugs, and subsequent screening of the other two patients revealed high titers of autoantibodies, revealing clinically occult autoimmunity. |
| 9136 | 8487645 | The relationship between hepatic insulin action and long-term glycemic control was assessed in 20 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five healthy matched controls using a two-step (0.8 and 1.6 mU/kg/min) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and [6,6-2H2]glucose. |
| 9137 | 8487645 | In the postabsorptive state, hepatic glucose production (HGP) was similar in IDDM patients and controls (593 +/- 40 v 518 +/- 27 mumol/m2/min); however, plasma glucose and free insulin concentrations were higher in IDDM patients than in controls (6.5 +/- 0.4 v 5.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L [P = .01], and 207 +/- 21 v 104 +/- 10 pmol/L [P < .001], respectively). |
| 9138 | 8487645 | The relationship between hepatic insulin action and long-term glycemic control was assessed in 20 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and five healthy matched controls using a two-step (0.8 and 1.6 mU/kg/min) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and [6,6-2H2]glucose. |
| 9139 | 8487645 | In the postabsorptive state, hepatic glucose production (HGP) was similar in IDDM patients and controls (593 +/- 40 v 518 +/- 27 mumol/m2/min); however, plasma glucose and free insulin concentrations were higher in IDDM patients than in controls (6.5 +/- 0.4 v 5.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L [P = .01], and 207 +/- 21 v 104 +/- 10 pmol/L [P < .001], respectively). |
| 9140 | 8487660 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of a hyperglycemic period (44 hours) on the levels of insulin-antagonistic hormones and insulin sensitivity in seven subjects with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9141 | 8487660 | In conclusion, a period of hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance in IDDM patients. |
| 9142 | 8487660 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the effect of a hyperglycemic period (44 hours) on the levels of insulin-antagonistic hormones and insulin sensitivity in seven subjects with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9143 | 8487660 | In conclusion, a period of hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance in IDDM patients. |
| 9144 | 8487672 | During the preclinical period of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), progression to clinical IDDM is characterized by declining beta-cell function. |
| 9145 | 8487672 | Although the presence of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) improves the ability of islet cell antibodies (ICA) to predict subsequent clinical IDDM, few studies have examined the risk of developing IDDM in subjects positive for IAA but negative for both ICA and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (64kA). |
| 9146 | 8487672 | During the preclinical period of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), progression to clinical IDDM is characterized by declining beta-cell function. |
| 9147 | 8487672 | Although the presence of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) improves the ability of islet cell antibodies (ICA) to predict subsequent clinical IDDM, few studies have examined the risk of developing IDDM in subjects positive for IAA but negative for both ICA and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (64kA). |
| 9148 | 8490012 | Experiments in rodent models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggest that destruction of pancreatic beta cells can be both initiated and inhibited by certain environmental factors such as dietary constituents. |
| 9149 | 8495618 | They were asked also what they consider to be acceptable ranges for blood glucose and HbA1 in IDDM patients. |
| 9150 | 8495618 | CONCLUSIONS--It appears that primary-care physicians are not fully aware of recommended criteria for intensive treatment of blood glucose in IDDM patients or of the importance of multiple insulin injections, use of HbA1, and patient SMBG. |
| 9151 | 8495618 | They were asked also what they consider to be acceptable ranges for blood glucose and HbA1 in IDDM patients. |
| 9152 | 8495618 | CONCLUSIONS--It appears that primary-care physicians are not fully aware of recommended criteria for intensive treatment of blood glucose in IDDM patients or of the importance of multiple insulin injections, use of HbA1, and patient SMBG. |
| 9153 | 8495808 | 5' insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA class II susceptibility. |
| 9154 | 8495808 | The polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' upstream region of the human insulin gene is a well-known non-human leukocyte antigen locus contributing to genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9155 | 8495808 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was positively associated with IDDM both in non-DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-11.5) and DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0). |
| 9156 | 8495808 | Further subdivision of IDDM patients and matched control subjects according to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotype or phenotype also failed to show any association between 5' INS and HLA class II genes in diabetic patients. |
| 9157 | 8495808 | 5' insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA class II susceptibility. |
| 9158 | 8495808 | The polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' upstream region of the human insulin gene is a well-known non-human leukocyte antigen locus contributing to genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9159 | 8495808 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was positively associated with IDDM both in non-DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-11.5) and DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0). |
| 9160 | 8495808 | Further subdivision of IDDM patients and matched control subjects according to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotype or phenotype also failed to show any association between 5' INS and HLA class II genes in diabetic patients. |
| 9161 | 8495808 | 5' insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA class II susceptibility. |
| 9162 | 8495808 | The polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' upstream region of the human insulin gene is a well-known non-human leukocyte antigen locus contributing to genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9163 | 8495808 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was positively associated with IDDM both in non-DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-11.5) and DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0). |
| 9164 | 8495808 | Further subdivision of IDDM patients and matched control subjects according to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotype or phenotype also failed to show any association between 5' INS and HLA class II genes in diabetic patients. |
| 9165 | 8495808 | 5' insulin gene polymorphism confers risk to IDDM independently of HLA class II susceptibility. |
| 9166 | 8495808 | The polymorphic variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' upstream region of the human insulin gene is a well-known non-human leukocyte antigen locus contributing to genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9167 | 8495808 | The 5' INS 1/1 genotype was positively associated with IDDM both in non-DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-11.5) and DR4 subjects (relative risk = 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0). |
| 9168 | 8495808 | Further subdivision of IDDM patients and matched control subjects according to HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genotype or phenotype also failed to show any association between 5' INS and HLA class II genes in diabetic patients. |
| 9169 | 8495980 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a model for the study of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9170 | 8496315 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who have undergone combined pancreas and kidney (P/K) transplantation, are hyperinsulinemic and have impaired insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake. |
| 9171 | 8496315 | We have investigated whether their reduced glucose uptake was due to insulin resistance at the tissue level or was caused by reduced muscle blood flow, previously reported to be present in patients with IDDM. |
| 9172 | 8496315 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who have undergone combined pancreas and kidney (P/K) transplantation, are hyperinsulinemic and have impaired insulin-stimulated whole body glucose uptake. |
| 9173 | 8496315 | We have investigated whether their reduced glucose uptake was due to insulin resistance at the tissue level or was caused by reduced muscle blood flow, previously reported to be present in patients with IDDM. |
| 9174 | 8497435 | Although 28% were insulin-treated, only 3.6% had insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 9175 | 8498864 | In this investigation 100 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 314 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients with and without an objective evidence of neuropathy, having an age span in between 15 and 60 years and a duration of diabetes distributed over 1-33 years, were included along with their age-matched nondiabetic controls. |
| 9176 | 8503361 | To study the day-to-day variation in the glycemic response to a starch-rich meal in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), eight young subjects with IDDM were served test meals of 100 g white bread on 3 separate days. |
| 9177 | 8504002 | We review 42 live infants of insulin dependent diabetic mothers (IDDM) in a third level center. |
| 9178 | 8504768 | Isletectomized (Ix) fish were then evaluated to determine whether the lack of islet hormones would cause the development of symptoms of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a teleost fish. |
| 9179 | 8504768 | The establishment of this unique model of IDDM in an ectothermic vertebrate should prove valuable for future comparative studies on the role of insulin and other pancreatic factors in the regulation of metabolic and growth processes. |
| 9180 | 8504768 | Isletectomized (Ix) fish were then evaluated to determine whether the lack of islet hormones would cause the development of symptoms of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a teleost fish. |
| 9181 | 8504768 | The establishment of this unique model of IDDM in an ectothermic vertebrate should prove valuable for future comparative studies on the role of insulin and other pancreatic factors in the regulation of metabolic and growth processes. |
| 9182 | 8504769 | Roles of insulin, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I, and hepatic GH receptors in diabetic growth inhibition in the goby, Gillichthys mirabilis. |
| 9183 | 8504769 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), when untreated or poorly controlled in mammals, results in growth retardation. |
| 9184 | 8504769 | Furthermore, whereas cartilage from rats with IDDM is resistant to stimulation by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in vitro, cartilage explants from the Ix fish were highly responsive to recombinant bovine IGF-I, exhibiting a dose-dependent stimulation of 35SO4 incorporation. |
| 9185 | 8504769 | This inhibition is similar to that which occurs in mammals with IDDM in some respects, but is different in others, as the diabetic fish did not develop resistance to growth stimulation by either GH or IGF-I. |
| 9186 | 8504769 | Roles of insulin, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I, and hepatic GH receptors in diabetic growth inhibition in the goby, Gillichthys mirabilis. |
| 9187 | 8504769 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), when untreated or poorly controlled in mammals, results in growth retardation. |
| 9188 | 8504769 | Furthermore, whereas cartilage from rats with IDDM is resistant to stimulation by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in vitro, cartilage explants from the Ix fish were highly responsive to recombinant bovine IGF-I, exhibiting a dose-dependent stimulation of 35SO4 incorporation. |
| 9189 | 8504769 | This inhibition is similar to that which occurs in mammals with IDDM in some respects, but is different in others, as the diabetic fish did not develop resistance to growth stimulation by either GH or IGF-I. |
| 9190 | 8504769 | Roles of insulin, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I, and hepatic GH receptors in diabetic growth inhibition in the goby, Gillichthys mirabilis. |
| 9191 | 8504769 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), when untreated or poorly controlled in mammals, results in growth retardation. |
| 9192 | 8504769 | Furthermore, whereas cartilage from rats with IDDM is resistant to stimulation by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in vitro, cartilage explants from the Ix fish were highly responsive to recombinant bovine IGF-I, exhibiting a dose-dependent stimulation of 35SO4 incorporation. |
| 9193 | 8504769 | This inhibition is similar to that which occurs in mammals with IDDM in some respects, but is different in others, as the diabetic fish did not develop resistance to growth stimulation by either GH or IGF-I. |
| 9194 | 8507203 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) catalyzes formation of gamma-aminobutyric acid from glutamic acid and is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9195 | 8507203 | The isolation of cDNA for this additional islet GAD isoforms will be important in studying the etiology and pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 9196 | 8509158 | We have examined, by western immunoblot analysis, the sera of 16 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (IDDM) for the presence of autoantibodies against proteins extracted from islet-cell enriched preparations of normal human pancreata. |
| 9197 | 8510514 | The study objective was to determine the dose-response relationship of postprandial blood glucose response areas to the amount of starch ingested in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 9198 | 8510525 | To this end, we determined plasma C-peptide concentrations during euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic (approximately 500 pmol/L) clamps in five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after combined pancreas and kidney (P/K) transplantation, in five nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation (K), and in six normal control subjects. |
| 9199 | 8513288 | The changes in stroke volume (SV) during upright exercise were studied in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) and 20 age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 9200 | 8518458 | Persistent microalbuminuria [albumin excretion rate (AER): 30-300 micrograms/min] is predictive of clinical nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and cardiovascular mortality in addition to nephropathy in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9201 | 8518458 | The relative risk for the development of persistent microalbuminuria in diabetic patients with a greater proportion than 3 out of 20 determinations in the microalbuminuric range was 17.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.92-77.2) in those with IDDM and 2.78 (0.99-7.8) in those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes when compared with matched diabetic patients with fewer elevated measurements. |
| 9202 | 8518458 | Persistent microalbuminuria [albumin excretion rate (AER): 30-300 micrograms/min] is predictive of clinical nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and cardiovascular mortality in addition to nephropathy in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9203 | 8518458 | The relative risk for the development of persistent microalbuminuria in diabetic patients with a greater proportion than 3 out of 20 determinations in the microalbuminuric range was 17.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.92-77.2) in those with IDDM and 2.78 (0.99-7.8) in those with non-insulin-dependent diabetes when compared with matched diabetic patients with fewer elevated measurements. |
| 9204 | 8525151 | Diabetic nephropathy develops in approximately 35% of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in a similar proportion of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 9205 | 8529042 | Both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and unilateral nephrectomy (UNX) are associated with an increase in the glomerular filtration rate. |
| 9206 | 8529497 | The subjects of the study were 107 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), who were enrolled in a Summer camp program for diabetic children in Kinki District, Japan from 1972 to 1990, and who had at least three determinations of HbA1 during the observation period. |
| 9207 | 8530614 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 and insulin: studies in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and maturity-onset diabetes of the young. |
| 9208 | 8530614 | The regulation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in humans is not well understood. |
| 9209 | 8530614 | In vitro and animal data have identified the role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-2, but such a relationship has not been established clearly in humans. |
| 9210 | 8530614 | In the present study, serum IGFBP-2 concentrations were assessed by Western ligand blot and immunoblot analysis in children with newly diagnosed and untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and maturity-onset diabetes of the young before and at various times after insulin therapy. |
| 9211 | 8530614 | Densitometric analysis demonstrated that before insulin therapy, group A patients had serum IGFBP-2 levels comparable to those in lean controls, and no significant change in IGFBP-2 was observed during insulin therapy. |
| 9212 | 8530614 | However, group B patients had a 2-fold elevation in IGFBP-2 levels before insulin therapy compared to lean controls. |
| 9213 | 8530614 | In these patients, IGFBP-2 tended to decrease at 1 week, but was not significantly reduced until 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 9214 | 8530614 | Children with maturity-onset diabetes of the young, who had insulin levels and body mass indexes greater than IDDM patients and lean controls, had significantly lower IGFBP-2 levels than both lean and obese controls. |
| 9215 | 8530614 | IGFBP-2 levels tended to decrease further during insulin therapy. |
| 9216 | 8530614 | These results indicate that long standing alterations in serum insulin concentrations beyond the physiological range have significant influence on serum IGFBP-2 levels in children and confirm earlier findings that serum IGFBP-2 levels are not acutely regulated by insulin. |
| 9217 | 8530614 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 and insulin: studies in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and maturity-onset diabetes of the young. |
| 9218 | 8530614 | The regulation of circulating insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in humans is not well understood. |
| 9219 | 8530614 | In vitro and animal data have identified the role of insulin in the regulation of IGFBP-2, but such a relationship has not been established clearly in humans. |
| 9220 | 8530614 | In the present study, serum IGFBP-2 concentrations were assessed by Western ligand blot and immunoblot analysis in children with newly diagnosed and untreated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and maturity-onset diabetes of the young before and at various times after insulin therapy. |
| 9221 | 8530614 | Densitometric analysis demonstrated that before insulin therapy, group A patients had serum IGFBP-2 levels comparable to those in lean controls, and no significant change in IGFBP-2 was observed during insulin therapy. |
| 9222 | 8530614 | However, group B patients had a 2-fold elevation in IGFBP-2 levels before insulin therapy compared to lean controls. |
| 9223 | 8530614 | In these patients, IGFBP-2 tended to decrease at 1 week, but was not significantly reduced until 1 month after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 9224 | 8530614 | Children with maturity-onset diabetes of the young, who had insulin levels and body mass indexes greater than IDDM patients and lean controls, had significantly lower IGFBP-2 levels than both lean and obese controls. |
| 9225 | 8530614 | IGFBP-2 levels tended to decrease further during insulin therapy. |
| 9226 | 8530614 | These results indicate that long standing alterations in serum insulin concentrations beyond the physiological range have significant influence on serum IGFBP-2 levels in children and confirm earlier findings that serum IGFBP-2 levels are not acutely regulated by insulin. |
| 9227 | 8530627 | Age and family relationship accentuate the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in relatives of patients with IDDM. |
| 9228 | 8531840 | While fluctuations of estrogen are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of these conditions, so also do fluctuations of IGF-II and there is some suggestion that IGF-II and insulin may well be inversely regulated. |
| 9229 | 8531840 | In addition, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rheumatoid arthritis, and schizophrenia are thought to be autoimmune disorders, while cancer is associated with immune system failure. |
| 9230 | 8533167 | The major disease locus, IDDM1 in the major histocompatibility complex(MHC) on chromosome 6p21, accounts for about 35% of the observed familial clustering and its contribution to disease susceptibility is likely to involve polymorphic residues of class II molecules in T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. |
| 9231 | 8533167 | IDDM2 is encoded by a minisatellite locus embedded in the 5' regulatory region of the insulin gene. |
| 9232 | 8533167 | The major disease locus, IDDM1 in the major histocompatibility complex(MHC) on chromosome 6p21, accounts for about 35% of the observed familial clustering and its contribution to disease susceptibility is likely to involve polymorphic residues of class II molecules in T-cell-mediated autoimmunity. |
| 9233 | 8533167 | IDDM2 is encoded by a minisatellite locus embedded in the 5' regulatory region of the insulin gene. |
| 9234 | 8534739 | Alterations in the fibrinolytic system have been demonstrated in noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients (NIDDM) but not in insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 9235 | 8535356 | Apolipoprotein (a) concentrations in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 9236 | 8535356 | It has been suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients have higher values of lipoprotein (a)-Lp (a) that may account for their increased atherogenic risk, as related to non-diabetic subjects. |
| 9237 | 8539261 | Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9238 | 8539261 | As previously reported, activation of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-adrenal cortical axis in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces their growth and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and induces a resistance to growth hormone (GH) and IGF-I. |
| 9239 | 8539261 | Induction of IDDM increased serum concentrations of IGFBP-1 and -2 and reduced those of IGFBP-3 and -4. |
| 9240 | 8539261 | Although serum IGFBP-1 and -2 concentrations remained elevated in the HxDb rats compared with the NonDb controls, IGFBP-1 levels were reduced compared with those in the Db controls. |
| 9241 | 8539261 | Serum IGFBP-3 and -4 were reduced to levels below those in Db controls. |
| 9242 | 8539261 | Although IGFBP-3 and -4 concentrations were elevated to normal in AxDb rats, the IGFBP-2 concentration was increased above those in both NonDb and Db rats and the IGFBP-1 concentration was reduced. |
| 9243 | 8539261 | Administration of pGH increased serum IGFBP-4 concentrations in all groups and IGFBP-3 concentrations in all groups except the Db. |
| 9244 | 8539261 | The refractoriness of Db rats to pGH is associated with a failure of the hormone to elevate IGFBP-2 and -3 titers and to reduce those of IGFBP-1. |
| 9245 | 8539261 | Impaired growth was associated with substantially reduced IGFBP-3 concentrations and elevated IGFBP-1, whereas growth restoration was associated with the opposite changes. |
| 9246 | 8539261 | Regulation of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9247 | 8539261 | As previously reported, activation of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-adrenal cortical axis in rats with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces their growth and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and induces a resistance to growth hormone (GH) and IGF-I. |
| 9248 | 8539261 | Induction of IDDM increased serum concentrations of IGFBP-1 and -2 and reduced those of IGFBP-3 and -4. |
| 9249 | 8539261 | Although serum IGFBP-1 and -2 concentrations remained elevated in the HxDb rats compared with the NonDb controls, IGFBP-1 levels were reduced compared with those in the Db controls. |
| 9250 | 8539261 | Serum IGFBP-3 and -4 were reduced to levels below those in Db controls. |
| 9251 | 8539261 | Although IGFBP-3 and -4 concentrations were elevated to normal in AxDb rats, the IGFBP-2 concentration was increased above those in both NonDb and Db rats and the IGFBP-1 concentration was reduced. |
| 9252 | 8539261 | Administration of pGH increased serum IGFBP-4 concentrations in all groups and IGFBP-3 concentrations in all groups except the Db. |
| 9253 | 8539261 | The refractoriness of Db rats to pGH is associated with a failure of the hormone to elevate IGFBP-2 and -3 titers and to reduce those of IGFBP-1. |
| 9254 | 8539261 | Impaired growth was associated with substantially reduced IGFBP-3 concentrations and elevated IGFBP-1, whereas growth restoration was associated with the opposite changes. |
| 9255 | 8542735 | At this time it was documented that elevated BP was very closely related to development of diabetic renal disease in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic (IDDM) patients, and studies also showed a correlation between blood pressure and rate of progression. |
| 9256 | 8543838 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an autoantigen in two autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 9257 | 8543838 | Our results indicate that individuals with SMS have GAD Abs in 100- to 500-fold higher titer than individuals with IDDM. |
| 9258 | 8543838 | The population of GAD Abs in SMS sera is quite complex and includes those that recognize at least three GAD 65 epitope regions located between amino acids 1-16, 188-442, and 442-563. |
| 9259 | 8543838 | These types of GAD Abs are not found in IDDM sera. |
| 9260 | 8543838 | All SMS sera also had Ab specificity that binds GAD 67 in a region highly homologous to amino acids 188-442 of GAD 65. |
| 9261 | 8543838 | In contrast to prior studies that used immunoblotting to measure GAD Abs, we find GAD Abs in SMS sera also target two conformation-dependent regions of GAD 65, one located in the middle and one near the C-terminus of the protein. |
| 9262 | 8543838 | These two regions of the GAD 65 protein are similar to regions targeted by GAD 65-specific Abs found in individuals with IDDM. |
| 9263 | 8543838 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an autoantigen in two autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 9264 | 8543838 | Our results indicate that individuals with SMS have GAD Abs in 100- to 500-fold higher titer than individuals with IDDM. |
| 9265 | 8543838 | The population of GAD Abs in SMS sera is quite complex and includes those that recognize at least three GAD 65 epitope regions located between amino acids 1-16, 188-442, and 442-563. |
| 9266 | 8543838 | These types of GAD Abs are not found in IDDM sera. |
| 9267 | 8543838 | All SMS sera also had Ab specificity that binds GAD 67 in a region highly homologous to amino acids 188-442 of GAD 65. |
| 9268 | 8543838 | In contrast to prior studies that used immunoblotting to measure GAD Abs, we find GAD Abs in SMS sera also target two conformation-dependent regions of GAD 65, one located in the middle and one near the C-terminus of the protein. |
| 9269 | 8543838 | These two regions of the GAD 65 protein are similar to regions targeted by GAD 65-specific Abs found in individuals with IDDM. |
| 9270 | 8543838 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an autoantigen in two autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 9271 | 8543838 | Our results indicate that individuals with SMS have GAD Abs in 100- to 500-fold higher titer than individuals with IDDM. |
| 9272 | 8543838 | The population of GAD Abs in SMS sera is quite complex and includes those that recognize at least three GAD 65 epitope regions located between amino acids 1-16, 188-442, and 442-563. |
| 9273 | 8543838 | These types of GAD Abs are not found in IDDM sera. |
| 9274 | 8543838 | All SMS sera also had Ab specificity that binds GAD 67 in a region highly homologous to amino acids 188-442 of GAD 65. |
| 9275 | 8543838 | In contrast to prior studies that used immunoblotting to measure GAD Abs, we find GAD Abs in SMS sera also target two conformation-dependent regions of GAD 65, one located in the middle and one near the C-terminus of the protein. |
| 9276 | 8543838 | These two regions of the GAD 65 protein are similar to regions targeted by GAD 65-specific Abs found in individuals with IDDM. |
| 9277 | 8543838 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an autoantigen in two autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 9278 | 8543838 | Our results indicate that individuals with SMS have GAD Abs in 100- to 500-fold higher titer than individuals with IDDM. |
| 9279 | 8543838 | The population of GAD Abs in SMS sera is quite complex and includes those that recognize at least three GAD 65 epitope regions located between amino acids 1-16, 188-442, and 442-563. |
| 9280 | 8543838 | These types of GAD Abs are not found in IDDM sera. |
| 9281 | 8543838 | All SMS sera also had Ab specificity that binds GAD 67 in a region highly homologous to amino acids 188-442 of GAD 65. |
| 9282 | 8543838 | In contrast to prior studies that used immunoblotting to measure GAD Abs, we find GAD Abs in SMS sera also target two conformation-dependent regions of GAD 65, one located in the middle and one near the C-terminus of the protein. |
| 9283 | 8543838 | These two regions of the GAD 65 protein are similar to regions targeted by GAD 65-specific Abs found in individuals with IDDM. |
| 9284 | 8544414 | Diurnal variation in glomerular charge selectivity, urinary albumin excretion and blood pressure in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. |
| 9285 | 8544414 | The urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) in a subgroup of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) steadily increases. |
| 9286 | 8544414 | Thirty-three patients with IDDM, 27 with normal albumin excretion (AER < 20 micrograms/min; group D(o)) and six with incipient nephropathy (AER from 20 to 200 micrograms/min; group DA), were studied. |
| 9287 | 8544414 | Diurnal variation in glomerular charge selectivity, urinary albumin excretion and blood pressure in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. |
| 9288 | 8544414 | The urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) in a subgroup of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) steadily increases. |
| 9289 | 8544414 | Thirty-three patients with IDDM, 27 with normal albumin excretion (AER < 20 micrograms/min; group D(o)) and six with incipient nephropathy (AER from 20 to 200 micrograms/min; group DA), were studied. |
| 9290 | 8544771 | Methionine-load tests were performed in 18 healthy controls, 11 diabetics without vascular disease (five insulin-dependent [IDDM] and six non-insulin-dependent [NIDDM]); and 17 diabetics with vascular disease (five IDDM and 12 NIDDM). |
| 9291 | 8547234 | The distribution of the different LST-1 alleles (LST-1*1:1323 bp, LST-1*2:610 bp/713) was similar among IDDM and GD patients as well as in controls. |
| 9292 | 8547234 | Analysis of two informative families with IDDM demonstrated cosegregation of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with LST-1 alleles. |
| 9293 | 8547234 | No association of LST-1 polymorphisms with IDDM nor GD could be demonstrated. |
| 9294 | 8547234 | The distribution of the different LST-1 alleles (LST-1*1:1323 bp, LST-1*2:610 bp/713) was similar among IDDM and GD patients as well as in controls. |
| 9295 | 8547234 | Analysis of two informative families with IDDM demonstrated cosegregation of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with LST-1 alleles. |
| 9296 | 8547234 | No association of LST-1 polymorphisms with IDDM nor GD could be demonstrated. |
| 9297 | 8547234 | The distribution of the different LST-1 alleles (LST-1*1:1323 bp, LST-1*2:610 bp/713) was similar among IDDM and GD patients as well as in controls. |
| 9298 | 8547234 | Analysis of two informative families with IDDM demonstrated cosegregation of DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with LST-1 alleles. |
| 9299 | 8547234 | No association of LST-1 polymorphisms with IDDM nor GD could be demonstrated. |
| 9300 | 8549020 | The efficacy and tolerability of acarbose were examined in a postmarketing surveillance study of 10,462 patients (829 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 9,440 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 193 not classified) during a 12-week treatment period. |
| 9301 | 8549021 | Although therapy that normalizes glycemia may prevent the development and delay the progression of long-term complications in NIDDM, as has been demonstrated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), no direct data exist to support the efficacy of "intensive therapy" in NIDDM. |
| 9302 | 8549255 | Differences in diabetes attitudes (three of seven attitudes) were most evident between men and women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9303 | 8549870 | Recent large-scale epidemiological studies demonstrate that blood concentrations of immunoreactive insulin predict the development of NIDDM and IDDM and are associated with the risk of several degenerative diseases, such as coronary and peripheral vessel atherosclerosis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. |
| 9304 | 8552991 | In vitro stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) leads to an oligoclonal response of peripheral T-cells in an IDDM patient. |
| 9305 | 8552991 | The enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9306 | 8552991 | To study T-cell reactivity towards GAD, peripheral blood leucocytes from seven patients with IDDM and five control subjects were stimulated in vitro with recombinant GAD. |
| 9307 | 8552991 | The author's data suggest that GAD-reactive T-cells of Th1 phenotype can be obtained after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood leucocytes from an HLA-DRB1*03/*04 heterozygous IDDM patient. |
| 9308 | 8552991 | In vitro stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) leads to an oligoclonal response of peripheral T-cells in an IDDM patient. |
| 9309 | 8552991 | The enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9310 | 8552991 | To study T-cell reactivity towards GAD, peripheral blood leucocytes from seven patients with IDDM and five control subjects were stimulated in vitro with recombinant GAD. |
| 9311 | 8552991 | The author's data suggest that GAD-reactive T-cells of Th1 phenotype can be obtained after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood leucocytes from an HLA-DRB1*03/*04 heterozygous IDDM patient. |
| 9312 | 8552991 | In vitro stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) leads to an oligoclonal response of peripheral T-cells in an IDDM patient. |
| 9313 | 8552991 | The enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9314 | 8552991 | To study T-cell reactivity towards GAD, peripheral blood leucocytes from seven patients with IDDM and five control subjects were stimulated in vitro with recombinant GAD. |
| 9315 | 8552991 | The author's data suggest that GAD-reactive T-cells of Th1 phenotype can be obtained after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood leucocytes from an HLA-DRB1*03/*04 heterozygous IDDM patient. |
| 9316 | 8552991 | In vitro stimulation with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) leads to an oligoclonal response of peripheral T-cells in an IDDM patient. |
| 9317 | 8552991 | The enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9318 | 8552991 | To study T-cell reactivity towards GAD, peripheral blood leucocytes from seven patients with IDDM and five control subjects were stimulated in vitro with recombinant GAD. |
| 9319 | 8552991 | The author's data suggest that GAD-reactive T-cells of Th1 phenotype can be obtained after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood leucocytes from an HLA-DRB1*03/*04 heterozygous IDDM patient. |
| 9320 | 8554221 | Recent studies prove that near-normal glycemic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reduces the risk for the development and progression of microvascular and neurologic complications. |
| 9321 | 8557177 | Variation in the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) across alleles at HLA-A, B, and DR loci was investigated in a population-based study of 801 families of children with newly diagnosed IDDM in Finland nationwide. |
| 9322 | 8557177 | The joint effects of DR3 and DR4 alleles were investigated under dominant, recessive, and additive models of gene expression. |
| 9323 | 8557177 | After controlling for the correlation among alleles, significantly elevated risks were found for B13, DR3, DR4, and DR14. |
| 9324 | 8557178 | We fitted models for the main effects of alleles at the HLA-A, B, and DR loci and their haplotypes on the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9325 | 8565331 | Imprinting of IGF2, insulin-dependent diabetes, immune function, and apoptosis: a hypothesis. |
| 9326 | 8565331 | Examples include the Prader-Willi, Angelman, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes [Nicholls (1994): Am J Hum Genet 54:733-740], malignancy [Sapienza (1990): Biochim Biophys Acta 1072:51-61; Feinberg (1993): Nat Genet 4:110-113], and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Julier et al. (1994) Nature 354:155-159; Bennett et al. (1995) Nat Genet 9:284-292]. |
| 9327 | 8565331 | We review the evidence that implicates an imprinted gene in the INS-IGF2 region of chromosome 11p15 in the etiology of IDDM (referred to as the IDDM2 locus) and show that in human fetal pancreas, INS is not imprinted, thus providing an argument against INS as the candidate gene. |
| 9328 | 8565331 | We also examine imprinting effects on the expression of IGF2 in components of the human immune system believed to be important in IDDM and show imprinted expression in fetal thymus as early as 15 weeks gestation. |
| 9329 | 8565331 | Finally, we review the current available data supporting a role for insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) in the immune system and, more specifically, discuss the evidence supporting a role for the IGFs in the prevention of apoptosis. |
| 9330 | 8565331 | Imprinting of IGF2, insulin-dependent diabetes, immune function, and apoptosis: a hypothesis. |
| 9331 | 8565331 | Examples include the Prader-Willi, Angelman, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes [Nicholls (1994): Am J Hum Genet 54:733-740], malignancy [Sapienza (1990): Biochim Biophys Acta 1072:51-61; Feinberg (1993): Nat Genet 4:110-113], and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Julier et al. (1994) Nature 354:155-159; Bennett et al. (1995) Nat Genet 9:284-292]. |
| 9332 | 8565331 | We review the evidence that implicates an imprinted gene in the INS-IGF2 region of chromosome 11p15 in the etiology of IDDM (referred to as the IDDM2 locus) and show that in human fetal pancreas, INS is not imprinted, thus providing an argument against INS as the candidate gene. |
| 9333 | 8565331 | We also examine imprinting effects on the expression of IGF2 in components of the human immune system believed to be important in IDDM and show imprinted expression in fetal thymus as early as 15 weeks gestation. |
| 9334 | 8565331 | Finally, we review the current available data supporting a role for insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) in the immune system and, more specifically, discuss the evidence supporting a role for the IGFs in the prevention of apoptosis. |
| 9335 | 8565331 | Imprinting of IGF2, insulin-dependent diabetes, immune function, and apoptosis: a hypothesis. |
| 9336 | 8565331 | Examples include the Prader-Willi, Angelman, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes [Nicholls (1994): Am J Hum Genet 54:733-740], malignancy [Sapienza (1990): Biochim Biophys Acta 1072:51-61; Feinberg (1993): Nat Genet 4:110-113], and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Julier et al. (1994) Nature 354:155-159; Bennett et al. (1995) Nat Genet 9:284-292]. |
| 9337 | 8565331 | We review the evidence that implicates an imprinted gene in the INS-IGF2 region of chromosome 11p15 in the etiology of IDDM (referred to as the IDDM2 locus) and show that in human fetal pancreas, INS is not imprinted, thus providing an argument against INS as the candidate gene. |
| 9338 | 8565331 | We also examine imprinting effects on the expression of IGF2 in components of the human immune system believed to be important in IDDM and show imprinted expression in fetal thymus as early as 15 weeks gestation. |
| 9339 | 8565331 | Finally, we review the current available data supporting a role for insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) in the immune system and, more specifically, discuss the evidence supporting a role for the IGFs in the prevention of apoptosis. |
| 9340 | 8568488 | We report on a case of malignant insulinoma occurring in a patient with genuine insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9341 | 8569034 | Discrimination of Type I(IDDM) from Type II(NIDDM) in Japanese diabetic patients is sometimes very difficult and evidences of autoimmunity by anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD) antibody and of exhaustion of insulin secretion by C-peptide measurement 6min after combined infusion of 1mg of glucagon and 20ml of 50% glucose are the few methods to diagnose. |
| 9342 | 8570082 | For the minority ( < 10%) of diabetic ESRD patients who have insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), serious consideration should be devoted to performance of a combined pancreas and kidney transplant to cure diabetes. |
| 9343 | 8573728 | Abnormal activities have been reported in essential hypertension and type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9344 | 8573734 | Microalbuminuria in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a marker for insulin resistance. |
| 9345 | 8573734 | Therefore, in order to examine the independent relationships of microalbuminuria with blood pressure and insulin resistance, we measured ambulatory blood pressure (Takeda TM-2420), insulin resistance (modified Harano method), and urinary albumin excretion rate (overnight urine collection) in 36 subjects with NIDDM. |
| 9346 | 8573734 | Albumin excretion correlated with 24-h systolic blood pressure (r = 0.49, p = 0.003), and insulin sensitivity (r = -0.39, p = 0.007). |
| 9347 | 8573734 | In multivariate analysis including ambulatory blood pressure and insulin resistance, urinary albumin excretion was associated primarily with insulin resistance, with smaller contributions from glycated hemoglobin and male gender. |
| 9348 | 8574252 | This study was designed to examine the balance between coagulation activity and fibrinolytic activity--an indirect measure of endothelial cell function--in women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during long-term use of OCs. |
| 9349 | 8574252 | There was a proportionate increase in the concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes and D-dimer. |
| 9350 | 8577639 | Loss of adrenergic hypoglycaemic symptoms is the most distinctive feature in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with hypoglycaemia unawareness. |
| 9351 | 8577639 | This study was carried out to investigate whether the reduced adrenergic sensitivity in IDDM patients with hypoglycaemia unawareness (IDDM-unaware) also could be demonstrated as reduced increase in cAMP production in mononuclear leucocytes induced by isoprenaline stimulation, or reduced inhibition by ICI-118551 (a selective beta 2-adrenergic receptor blocker) of isoprenaline induced cAMP production. |
| 9352 | 8577639 | Loss of adrenergic hypoglycaemic symptoms is the most distinctive feature in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with hypoglycaemia unawareness. |
| 9353 | 8577639 | This study was carried out to investigate whether the reduced adrenergic sensitivity in IDDM patients with hypoglycaemia unawareness (IDDM-unaware) also could be demonstrated as reduced increase in cAMP production in mononuclear leucocytes induced by isoprenaline stimulation, or reduced inhibition by ICI-118551 (a selective beta 2-adrenergic receptor blocker) of isoprenaline induced cAMP production. |
| 9354 | 8579288 | Urinary excretion of heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG), the main anionic component of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), was estimated in 30 adolescents and young adults with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM), 10 with microalbuminuria and 20 sex matched, diabetic controls of similar age without evidence of microalbuminuria. |
| 9355 | 8579721 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with susceptibility HLA class II alleles. |
| 9356 | 8580383 | Characterization of polymorphisms of an interleukin 1 receptor type 1 gene (IL1RI) promotor region (P2) and their relation to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9357 | 8580622 | IgA bovine serum albumin antibodies are increased in newly diagnosed patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, but the increase is not an independent risk factor for diabetes. |
| 9358 | 8580622 | We studied the significance of antibodies to bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a risk factor for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a case-control setting. |
| 9359 | 8582132 | To characterize its insulin-antagonistic effect, growth hormone (GH) was infused at variable rates (24, 12 or 6 mU kg-1 min-1) for 1 h in 7 IDDM patients. |
| 9360 | 8582132 | The present study therefore demonstrates that the insulin-antagonistic effect of GH in IDDM is related to the plasma levels both with regard to duration and response. |
| 9361 | 8582132 | The results also indicate that GH impairs the effect of insulin on lipolysis in IDDM after physiological peaks. |
| 9362 | 8582132 | To characterize its insulin-antagonistic effect, growth hormone (GH) was infused at variable rates (24, 12 or 6 mU kg-1 min-1) for 1 h in 7 IDDM patients. |
| 9363 | 8582132 | The present study therefore demonstrates that the insulin-antagonistic effect of GH in IDDM is related to the plasma levels both with regard to duration and response. |
| 9364 | 8582132 | The results also indicate that GH impairs the effect of insulin on lipolysis in IDDM after physiological peaks. |
| 9365 | 8582132 | To characterize its insulin-antagonistic effect, growth hormone (GH) was infused at variable rates (24, 12 or 6 mU kg-1 min-1) for 1 h in 7 IDDM patients. |
| 9366 | 8582132 | The present study therefore demonstrates that the insulin-antagonistic effect of GH in IDDM is related to the plasma levels both with regard to duration and response. |
| 9367 | 8582132 | The results also indicate that GH impairs the effect of insulin on lipolysis in IDDM after physiological peaks. |
| 9368 | 8582133 | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, and diabetic retinopathy in subjects with IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9369 | 8582133 | Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the step which generates angiotensin II, and also inactivates bradykinin, peptides which play a key role in modulating vascular tone. |
| 9370 | 8582133 | We examined the association between diabetic retinopathy and ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in 363 subjects with NIDDM (aged 68.3 +/- 10.7 years; 201 male, 162 female), 186 subjects with IDDM (aged 42.4 +/- 15.0 years; 100 male, 86 female) and 98 controls. |
| 9371 | 8582133 | The frequency of ACE I/D genotype was similar in subjects with IDDM, NIDDM, and controls (chi 2 = 0.46, df = 4, p = ns). |
| 9372 | 8582133 | Presence or absence of retinopathy was not significantly associated with ACE genotype in subjects with IDDM (chi 2 = 3.42, df = 2, p = ns) or NIDDM (chi 2 = 0.51, df = 2, p = ns). |
| 9373 | 8582133 | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, and diabetic retinopathy in subjects with IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9374 | 8582133 | Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the step which generates angiotensin II, and also inactivates bradykinin, peptides which play a key role in modulating vascular tone. |
| 9375 | 8582133 | We examined the association between diabetic retinopathy and ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in 363 subjects with NIDDM (aged 68.3 +/- 10.7 years; 201 male, 162 female), 186 subjects with IDDM (aged 42.4 +/- 15.0 years; 100 male, 86 female) and 98 controls. |
| 9376 | 8582133 | The frequency of ACE I/D genotype was similar in subjects with IDDM, NIDDM, and controls (chi 2 = 0.46, df = 4, p = ns). |
| 9377 | 8582133 | Presence or absence of retinopathy was not significantly associated with ACE genotype in subjects with IDDM (chi 2 = 3.42, df = 2, p = ns) or NIDDM (chi 2 = 0.51, df = 2, p = ns). |
| 9378 | 8582133 | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, and diabetic retinopathy in subjects with IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9379 | 8582133 | Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the step which generates angiotensin II, and also inactivates bradykinin, peptides which play a key role in modulating vascular tone. |
| 9380 | 8582133 | We examined the association between diabetic retinopathy and ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in 363 subjects with NIDDM (aged 68.3 +/- 10.7 years; 201 male, 162 female), 186 subjects with IDDM (aged 42.4 +/- 15.0 years; 100 male, 86 female) and 98 controls. |
| 9381 | 8582133 | The frequency of ACE I/D genotype was similar in subjects with IDDM, NIDDM, and controls (chi 2 = 0.46, df = 4, p = ns). |
| 9382 | 8582133 | Presence or absence of retinopathy was not significantly associated with ACE genotype in subjects with IDDM (chi 2 = 3.42, df = 2, p = ns) or NIDDM (chi 2 = 0.51, df = 2, p = ns). |
| 9383 | 8582133 | Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, and diabetic retinopathy in subjects with IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9384 | 8582133 | Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the step which generates angiotensin II, and also inactivates bradykinin, peptides which play a key role in modulating vascular tone. |
| 9385 | 8582133 | We examined the association between diabetic retinopathy and ACE gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in 363 subjects with NIDDM (aged 68.3 +/- 10.7 years; 201 male, 162 female), 186 subjects with IDDM (aged 42.4 +/- 15.0 years; 100 male, 86 female) and 98 controls. |
| 9386 | 8582133 | The frequency of ACE I/D genotype was similar in subjects with IDDM, NIDDM, and controls (chi 2 = 0.46, df = 4, p = ns). |
| 9387 | 8582133 | Presence or absence of retinopathy was not significantly associated with ACE genotype in subjects with IDDM (chi 2 = 3.42, df = 2, p = ns) or NIDDM (chi 2 = 0.51, df = 2, p = ns). |
| 9388 | 8582533 | The structural features of HLA-DQ alleles which are susceptible and resistant to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been examined using a model of their three-dimensional structure obtained by energy minimisation, based on the published structure of HLA-DR1. |
| 9389 | 8582545 | To analyse the presence and extent of global and regional distributions of cardiac sympathetic dysinnervation in long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without myocardial perfusion abnormalities (99mTc-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile study), 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy was performed in two clinically-comparable groups (20 diabetic patients with and 22 diabetic patients without ECG-based cardiac autonomic neuropathy). |
| 9390 | 8582546 | To help elucidate the mode of inheritance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured GAD (glutamic acid decarboxylase) autoantibodies (GAD65Ab), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), and cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) in 292 sequentially screened non-diabetic offspring of patients with IDDM. |
| 9391 | 8582549 | In a population-based setting, we traced serum samples collected at time of birth from 55 mothers whose children later developed insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and matched them pairwise to control subjects who gave birth at the same hospital during the same month. |
| 9392 | 8586028 | Secretion of growth hormone (GH) is excessive in acromegaly, but also in a number of other pathological states such as anorexia nervosa, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), liver cirrhosis, depression, renal failure and GH-insensitivity syndrome. |
| 9393 | 8586028 | In the cohort of brain neurotransmitters, catecholamines and acetylcholine reportedly play a major role in the control of neurosecretory GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SS)-producing neurons, and hence GH secretion. |
| 9394 | 8586150 | Besides the lymphopenia gene (Iddm 1) and the MHC class-II genes of the RT1u haplotype (Iddm 2), at least one other non-MHC gene (Iddm 3) is considered essential for diabetes development. |
| 9395 | 8587958 | The aim of this study was to assess and compare the degree of cognitive dysfunction experienced by insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) with hypoglycemia unawareness with patients with normal awareness of hypoglycemia. |
| 9396 | 8591712 | The effects of pravastatin on plasma lipid levels, in vitro oxidizability of the non-HDL fraction, metabolic control, urinary albumin excretion, and four serum enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, GT and CPK) were studied in 20 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) with incipient nephropathy. |
| 9397 | 8591714 | In Caucasian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and persistent proteinuria (PP) are associated, and major risk factors for development of microangiopathy have been identified. |
| 9398 | 8591823 | Our aim was to study gender-related differences in the mechanical properties of the great arteries in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but free from known cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. |
| 9399 | 8591829 | In this study we evaluated the concentration of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and studied its relation to glycaemic control. |
| 9400 | 8591829 | Soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were measured in 31 diabetic patients (18 with IDDM and 13 with NIDDM), 20 hyperlipoproteinaemic patients (10 with type IIa and 10 with type IIb) and 20 healthy subjects. |
| 9401 | 8591829 | In this study we evaluated the concentration of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and studied its relation to glycaemic control. |
| 9402 | 8591829 | Soluble adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were measured in 31 diabetic patients (18 with IDDM and 13 with NIDDM), 20 hyperlipoproteinaemic patients (10 with type IIa and 10 with type IIb) and 20 healthy subjects. |
| 9403 | 8593756 | Eight and a half years after the establishment of the registry, the cause of death based on death certificate information was determined for the overall cohort and for three classification groups of insulin-treated diabetes: Group A--childhood-onset IDDM cases; Group B--adult-onset IDDM cases; and Group C--adult-onset insulin-treated NIDDM cases. |
| 9404 | 8593944 | Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9405 | 8593944 | Cleavage of angiotensinogen is the rate-limiting step in the activation of the renin-ANG system. |
| 9406 | 8593944 | We studied the relationship between these polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen gene in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (121 men, 74 women, age 40.9 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 27 +/- 8 years). |
| 9407 | 8593944 | We conclude that neither the M235T nor the T174M polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene contributes to genetic susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in white IDDM patients, whereas the TT genotype of the M235T is associated with elevated blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9408 | 8593944 | Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9409 | 8593944 | Cleavage of angiotensinogen is the rate-limiting step in the activation of the renin-ANG system. |
| 9410 | 8593944 | We studied the relationship between these polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen gene in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (121 men, 74 women, age 40.9 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 27 +/- 8 years). |
| 9411 | 8593944 | We conclude that neither the M235T nor the T174M polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene contributes to genetic susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in white IDDM patients, whereas the TT genotype of the M235T is associated with elevated blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9412 | 8593944 | Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9413 | 8593944 | Cleavage of angiotensinogen is the rate-limiting step in the activation of the renin-ANG system. |
| 9414 | 8593944 | We studied the relationship between these polymorphisms in the angiotensinogen gene in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (121 men, 74 women, age 40.9 +/- 10 years, diabetes duration 27 +/- 8 years). |
| 9415 | 8593944 | We conclude that neither the M235T nor the T174M polymorphism in the angiotensinogen gene contributes to genetic susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in white IDDM patients, whereas the TT genotype of the M235T is associated with elevated blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9416 | 8594419 | A condition similar to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was induced in male CD-1 mice by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). |
| 9417 | 8596492 | Effects of the somatostatin analog, octreotide, on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9418 | 8596492 | To examine the effect of the somatostatin analog, octreotide, on insulin-mediated glucose uptake, seven insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects were studied with and without 4 days of continuous subcutaneous octreotide administration (1 mg/kg/d). |
| 9419 | 8596492 | Growth hormone (GH) (0.39 +/- 0.10 v 0.78 +/- 0.23 mg/L, P < .05), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (127 +/- 17 v 157 +/- 21 mg/L, P < .05), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) (239 +/- 25 v 405 +/- 44 mmol/L, P < .01) were lower following octreotide administration. |
| 9420 | 8596492 | In conclusion, a low-dose octrotide infusion for 4 days to IDDM subjects leads to significantly increased insulin sensitivity. |
| 9421 | 8596492 | Effects of the somatostatin analog, octreotide, on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9422 | 8596492 | To examine the effect of the somatostatin analog, octreotide, on insulin-mediated glucose uptake, seven insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects were studied with and without 4 days of continuous subcutaneous octreotide administration (1 mg/kg/d). |
| 9423 | 8596492 | Growth hormone (GH) (0.39 +/- 0.10 v 0.78 +/- 0.23 mg/L, P < .05), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (127 +/- 17 v 157 +/- 21 mg/L, P < .05), and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) (239 +/- 25 v 405 +/- 44 mmol/L, P < .01) were lower following octreotide administration. |
| 9424 | 8596492 | In conclusion, a low-dose octrotide infusion for 4 days to IDDM subjects leads to significantly increased insulin sensitivity. |
| 9425 | 8596501 | Therefore, these variables were examined in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ([IDDM] N = 592; mean age, 29 years; mean duration, 20 years), a population at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. |
| 9426 | 8597561 | A negative association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA-DR, DQA1 or DQB1 was found in a large population-based investigation of childhood-onset patients (more than 420 patients) and controls (more than 340 controls) from Sweden. |
| 9427 | 8602469 | The authors earlier demonstrated that alginates enriched in mannuronic acid stimulate human monocytes to produce high levels of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1 IL-6. |
| 9428 | 8602469 | In this study the authors have measured the TNF production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in different groups of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients after stimulation with different alginates and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). |
| 9429 | 8602469 | The highest TNF response was found in newly diagnosed IDDM patients and the lowest was in the controls. |
| 9430 | 8602469 | The authors earlier demonstrated that alginates enriched in mannuronic acid stimulate human monocytes to produce high levels of cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1 IL-6. |
| 9431 | 8602469 | In this study the authors have measured the TNF production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in different groups of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients after stimulation with different alginates and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). |
| 9432 | 8602469 | The highest TNF response was found in newly diagnosed IDDM patients and the lowest was in the controls. |
| 9433 | 8603760 | Characterization of human DNA topoisomerase II as an autoantigen recognized by patients with IDDM. |
| 9434 | 8603760 | Autoantibodies against several cytoplasmic autoantigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase, heat shock protein 65, insulin, and carboxypeptidase H have been identified in the sera of patients with IDDM. |
| 9435 | 8603760 | The patients were slightly older at onset and the prevalence of anti-thyroglobulin/anti-microsomal autoantibodies was twice that in the IDDM subgroup positive for anti-TopII than in IDDM patients who were negative for anti-TopII. |
| 9436 | 8603760 | Characterization of human DNA topoisomerase II as an autoantigen recognized by patients with IDDM. |
| 9437 | 8603760 | Autoantibodies against several cytoplasmic autoantigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase, heat shock protein 65, insulin, and carboxypeptidase H have been identified in the sera of patients with IDDM. |
| 9438 | 8603760 | The patients were slightly older at onset and the prevalence of anti-thyroglobulin/anti-microsomal autoantibodies was twice that in the IDDM subgroup positive for anti-TopII than in IDDM patients who were negative for anti-TopII. |
| 9439 | 8603760 | Characterization of human DNA topoisomerase II as an autoantigen recognized by patients with IDDM. |
| 9440 | 8603760 | Autoantibodies against several cytoplasmic autoantigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase, heat shock protein 65, insulin, and carboxypeptidase H have been identified in the sera of patients with IDDM. |
| 9441 | 8603760 | The patients were slightly older at onset and the prevalence of anti-thyroglobulin/anti-microsomal autoantibodies was twice that in the IDDM subgroup positive for anti-TopII than in IDDM patients who were negative for anti-TopII. |
| 9442 | 8603772 | One of the major beta-cell autoantigens associated with IDDM is GAD. |
| 9443 | 8603772 | We therefore analyzed patterns of GAD gene transcription by quantitating the mRNAs encoding both the 65- and 67-kDa isoforms (GAD65 and GAD67, respectively) in human fetal, postnatal, and adult pancreases, as well as in isolated adult islets, and examined their tissue-specific expression. |
| 9444 | 8603772 | In the fetal pancreas, strong immunoreactivity for GAD65 was also evident in epithelial cells, which lacked expression of insulin or glucagon, some of which were present in the ductal epithelium, suggesting that GAD65 expression might correlate with endocrine determination. |
| 9445 | 8606441 | Group 1 included 18 children with thalassemia major, group 2 included 17 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), group 3 included 21 children with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis (SHF), and group 4 included 20 children with chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). |
| 9446 | 8606441 | The prevalence rate of HCV seropositivity was 12 per cent in normal children, 44 per cent in thalassemic children, 29 per cent in children with IDDM, 38 per cent in children with SHF and 0 per cent in patients with RHD. |
| 9447 | 8606441 | In summary, our data revealed a relatively high prevalence of HCV antibody seropositivity in healthy Egyptian children compared to reports from other countries, and a significantly high prevalence of HCV seropositivity in children with thalassemia, IDDM, and SHF which carries a considerably high risk for development of chronic liver disease in these patients. |
| 9448 | 8606441 | Group 1 included 18 children with thalassemia major, group 2 included 17 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), group 3 included 21 children with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis (SHF), and group 4 included 20 children with chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). |
| 9449 | 8606441 | The prevalence rate of HCV seropositivity was 12 per cent in normal children, 44 per cent in thalassemic children, 29 per cent in children with IDDM, 38 per cent in children with SHF and 0 per cent in patients with RHD. |
| 9450 | 8606441 | In summary, our data revealed a relatively high prevalence of HCV antibody seropositivity in healthy Egyptian children compared to reports from other countries, and a significantly high prevalence of HCV seropositivity in children with thalassemia, IDDM, and SHF which carries a considerably high risk for development of chronic liver disease in these patients. |
| 9451 | 8606441 | Group 1 included 18 children with thalassemia major, group 2 included 17 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), group 3 included 21 children with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis (SHF), and group 4 included 20 children with chronic rheumatic heart disease (RHD). |
| 9452 | 8606441 | The prevalence rate of HCV seropositivity was 12 per cent in normal children, 44 per cent in thalassemic children, 29 per cent in children with IDDM, 38 per cent in children with SHF and 0 per cent in patients with RHD. |
| 9453 | 8606441 | In summary, our data revealed a relatively high prevalence of HCV antibody seropositivity in healthy Egyptian children compared to reports from other countries, and a significantly high prevalence of HCV seropositivity in children with thalassemia, IDDM, and SHF which carries a considerably high risk for development of chronic liver disease in these patients. |
| 9454 | 8608725 | Central to the autoimmune pathogenesis of IDDM in NOD mice is the MHC class II region. |
| 9455 | 8609827 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by altered composition of atherogenic lipoproteins, especially a depletion in choline-containing phospholipids (PL) of apolipoprotein (apo) B lipoproteins (LpB). |
| 9456 | 8609827 | To determine the effects of continuous intraperitoneal (IP) insulin infusion (CIPII) on this qualitative lipoprotein abnormality, we compared lipoprotein profiles of 14 IDDM patients treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and at 2 and 4 months after treatment with CIPII using an implantable pump. |
| 9457 | 8609827 | The following parameters were studies: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), monthly blood glucose, daily insulin dose (units per kilogram per day), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apo A-I, and apo B. |
| 9458 | 8609827 | These changes may be related to the route of insulin administration, which may be accompanied by a reduction of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and consequently a reduction of phospholipase activity. |
| 9459 | 8609827 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by altered composition of atherogenic lipoproteins, especially a depletion in choline-containing phospholipids (PL) of apolipoprotein (apo) B lipoproteins (LpB). |
| 9460 | 8609827 | To determine the effects of continuous intraperitoneal (IP) insulin infusion (CIPII) on this qualitative lipoprotein abnormality, we compared lipoprotein profiles of 14 IDDM patients treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and at 2 and 4 months after treatment with CIPII using an implantable pump. |
| 9461 | 8609827 | The following parameters were studies: hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), monthly blood glucose, daily insulin dose (units per kilogram per day), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apo A-I, and apo B. |
| 9462 | 8609827 | These changes may be related to the route of insulin administration, which may be accompanied by a reduction of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity and consequently a reduction of phospholipase activity. |
| 9463 | 8610658 | The authors used 4-year incidence data from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) Study to investigate the wider applicability of recent research findings that demonstrate an association between glycemic control and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complications. |
| 9464 | 8615360 | Twenty-eight persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 1632 mg (1200 IU) RRR-alpha-tocopherol/d, as tocopheryl acetate, for 8 wk. |
| 9465 | 8617492 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus maps to a locus (IDDM11) on human chromosome 14q24.3-q31. |
| 9466 | 8617492 | To locate genes predisposing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), an autoimmune disorder resulting from destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic cells, we are testing linkage of IDDM susceptibility to polymorphic markers across the genome using families with two or more IDDM children. |
| 9467 | 8620937 | Low molecular weight acid phosphatase encoded by the highly polymorphic locus ACP1 is a member of the protein-tyrosin phosphatase family (PTPases) which plays an essential role in the control of receptor signalling through phosphotyrosine pathways. |
| 9468 | 8620937 | Recent experiments have shown that purified rat liver ACP, corresponding to human ACP1, is able to hydrolyze a phosphotyrosine-containing synthetic peptide corresponding to the 1146-1158 sequence of the human insulin receptor, and shows a high affinity for it. |
| 9469 | 8620937 | This prompted us to analyze the degree of glycemic control in relation to ACP1 genetic variability in a sample of 214 diabetic pregnant women including IDDM, NIDDM and gestational diabetes. |
| 9470 | 8620937 | The data suggest that quantitative variations of ACP1 may influence the clinical manifestations of diabetic disorders, and call for further studies on the role of this enzyme in the modulation of insulin-receptor phosphotyrosine pathways. |
| 9471 | 8621001 | Two human chromosomal regions, the HLA region on chromosome 6p2l and the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15, have been investigated in detail for more than 10 years for the presence of IDDM susceptibility genes. |
| 9472 | 8621001 | The lengthy and protracted studies to prove the linkage and identity of the susceptibility genes in the HLA and insulin gene regions provide a perspective and background for understanding the complexities and time course for characterization of the putative additional IDDM susceptibility genes uncovered by genome searches. |
| 9473 | 8621001 | Two human chromosomal regions, the HLA region on chromosome 6p2l and the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15, have been investigated in detail for more than 10 years for the presence of IDDM susceptibility genes. |
| 9474 | 8621001 | The lengthy and protracted studies to prove the linkage and identity of the susceptibility genes in the HLA and insulin gene regions provide a perspective and background for understanding the complexities and time course for characterization of the putative additional IDDM susceptibility genes uncovered by genome searches. |
| 9475 | 8621020 | In IDDM, the gluconeogenic turnover of amino acids is increased even if glycemia is well controlled and may be restored to normal by means of prehepatic insulin substitution. |
| 9476 | 8621020 | It is concluded that in IDDM, even if normoglycemia is managed, there is significantly increased amino acid catabolism with posthepatic systemic insulin treatment. |
| 9477 | 8621020 | In IDDM, the gluconeogenic turnover of amino acids is increased even if glycemia is well controlled and may be restored to normal by means of prehepatic insulin substitution. |
| 9478 | 8621020 | It is concluded that in IDDM, even if normoglycemia is managed, there is significantly increased amino acid catabolism with posthepatic systemic insulin treatment. |
| 9479 | 8621207 | Angiotensinogen polymorphism M235T, hypertension, and nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9480 | 8621207 | We investigated whether this allele also confers increased susceptibility to nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9481 | 8621207 | A group of 380 patients who had had IDDM for 15 to 20 years were genotyped at the angiotensinogen 235 locus. |
| 9482 | 8621207 | We conclude that the angiotensinogen polymorphism M235T might influence susceptibility to nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes, but its effect, if any, is rather small and independent of hypertension. |
| 9483 | 8621207 | Angiotensinogen polymorphism M235T, hypertension, and nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9484 | 8621207 | We investigated whether this allele also confers increased susceptibility to nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9485 | 8621207 | A group of 380 patients who had had IDDM for 15 to 20 years were genotyped at the angiotensinogen 235 locus. |
| 9486 | 8621207 | We conclude that the angiotensinogen polymorphism M235T might influence susceptibility to nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes, but its effect, if any, is rather small and independent of hypertension. |
| 9487 | 8625995 | Our early results suggested that either dual TCR alpha T cells play a role in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) induction in NOD mice or that a locus co-segregating with the disrupted TCR alpha locus protected mice from diabetes induction. |
| 9488 | 8628644 | Insulin resistance is directly proportional to the degree of glycaemic control in patients with insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) in whom hyperglycaemia induces insulin resistance within 24 hours. |
| 9489 | 8628644 | The improvement is manifest when insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is measured at similar glucose and insulin concentrations in IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 9490 | 8628644 | In daily life, however, both IDDM and NIDDM patients utilise as much glucose in insulin-sensitive tissues as do non-diabetic individuals since, due to the mass action effect of glucose, glucose uptake increases in response to hyperglycaemia. |
| 9491 | 8628644 | Insulin resistance is directly proportional to the degree of glycaemic control in patients with insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) in whom hyperglycaemia induces insulin resistance within 24 hours. |
| 9492 | 8628644 | The improvement is manifest when insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is measured at similar glucose and insulin concentrations in IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 9493 | 8628644 | In daily life, however, both IDDM and NIDDM patients utilise as much glucose in insulin-sensitive tissues as do non-diabetic individuals since, due to the mass action effect of glucose, glucose uptake increases in response to hyperglycaemia. |
| 9494 | 8628644 | Insulin resistance is directly proportional to the degree of glycaemic control in patients with insulin-dependent or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM) in whom hyperglycaemia induces insulin resistance within 24 hours. |
| 9495 | 8628644 | The improvement is manifest when insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is measured at similar glucose and insulin concentrations in IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 9496 | 8628644 | In daily life, however, both IDDM and NIDDM patients utilise as much glucose in insulin-sensitive tissues as do non-diabetic individuals since, due to the mass action effect of glucose, glucose uptake increases in response to hyperglycaemia. |
| 9497 | 8630745 | In IDDM, iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the result of the interplay of absolute or relative insulin excess and compromised glucose counterregulation. |
| 9498 | 8630745 | Clearly, we need to learn to replace insulin in a much more physiological fashion, or to prevent, correct, or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation, or both, if we are to eliminate hypoglycemia from the lives of people with IDDM without compromising glycemia control. |
| 9499 | 8630745 | In IDDM, iatrogenic hypoglycemia is the result of the interplay of absolute or relative insulin excess and compromised glucose counterregulation. |
| 9500 | 8630745 | Clearly, we need to learn to replace insulin in a much more physiological fashion, or to prevent, correct, or compensate for compromised glucose counterregulation, or both, if we are to eliminate hypoglycemia from the lives of people with IDDM without compromising glycemia control. |
| 9501 | 8631645 | Diabetic nephropathy in Jewish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients has been found to correlate to their ethnic origin. |
| 9502 | 8633371 | Transplantation of human fetal pancreas (HFP) is being considered as a potential treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9503 | 8633371 | Allograft rejection was due to human CD4+ and CD8+ cells, as determined by immunohistochemical analysis of graft-infiltrating cells. |
| 9504 | 8635278 | Forty-one sera of patients with IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) containing complement-fixing islet cell antibodies were analyzed for their ability to activate TCC (terminal complement complex). |
| 9505 | 8635648 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10 mRNA levels were not significantly different in islet leukocytes from the four groups of rats. |
| 9506 | 8635648 | These findings suggest that production of T-helper 1 (Th1)-type cytokines, IFN-gamma and IL-2, by islet-infiltrating cells in BB rats is associated with beta-cell destruction and IDDM development. |
| 9507 | 8635674 | The objectives of the study were to assess the effects of moderate sodium restriction on blood pressure in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy and high normal or mildly hypertensive blood pressure (primary objective), and to document possible associated changes of exchangeable body sodium, body volumes, components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, atrial natriuretic peptide, and catecholamines (secondary objective). |
| 9508 | 8635674 | Combining all patients, there were relevant associations between changes of urinary sodium excretion and blood volume (Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.57), blood pressure and angiotensin II (diastolic: r = -0.7; systolic: r = -0.48), and exchangeable body sodium and renin activity (r = -0.5). |
| 9509 | 8636255 | Increased levels of methylglyoxal-metabolizing enzymes in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic complications: aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II--a clinical research center study. |
| 9510 | 8636255 | Levels of aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with long term diabetic complications were compared to levels in IDDM patients without complications and to those in nondiabetic controls. |
| 9511 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II were determined spectrophotometrically. |
| 9512 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase in mononuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in asymptomatic IDDM patients (mean +/- SEM, 0.96 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.08 microgram/mg protein; P < 0.02). |
| 9513 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in controls [mean for mononuclear cells, 0.46 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.03 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.05); mean for polymorphonuclear cells, 0.16 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.01 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.002)]. |
| 9514 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase II is significantly elevated only in polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients compared to controls (mean, 0.13 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.063 +/- 0.016 mumol/min.mg; P < 0.005). |
| 9515 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II are involved in the metabolism of methylglyoxal, suggesting that methylglyoxal may play a role in the etiology of diabetic complications. |
| 9516 | 8636255 | Increased levels of methylglyoxal-metabolizing enzymes in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic complications: aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II--a clinical research center study. |
| 9517 | 8636255 | Levels of aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with long term diabetic complications were compared to levels in IDDM patients without complications and to those in nondiabetic controls. |
| 9518 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II were determined spectrophotometrically. |
| 9519 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase in mononuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in asymptomatic IDDM patients (mean +/- SEM, 0.96 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.08 microgram/mg protein; P < 0.02). |
| 9520 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in controls [mean for mononuclear cells, 0.46 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.03 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.05); mean for polymorphonuclear cells, 0.16 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.01 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.002)]. |
| 9521 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase II is significantly elevated only in polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients compared to controls (mean, 0.13 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.063 +/- 0.016 mumol/min.mg; P < 0.005). |
| 9522 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II are involved in the metabolism of methylglyoxal, suggesting that methylglyoxal may play a role in the etiology of diabetic complications. |
| 9523 | 8636255 | Increased levels of methylglyoxal-metabolizing enzymes in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic complications: aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II--a clinical research center study. |
| 9524 | 8636255 | Levels of aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with long term diabetic complications were compared to levels in IDDM patients without complications and to those in nondiabetic controls. |
| 9525 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II were determined spectrophotometrically. |
| 9526 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase in mononuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in asymptomatic IDDM patients (mean +/- SEM, 0.96 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.08 microgram/mg protein; P < 0.02). |
| 9527 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in controls [mean for mononuclear cells, 0.46 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.03 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.05); mean for polymorphonuclear cells, 0.16 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.01 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.002)]. |
| 9528 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase II is significantly elevated only in polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients compared to controls (mean, 0.13 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.063 +/- 0.016 mumol/min.mg; P < 0.005). |
| 9529 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II are involved in the metabolism of methylglyoxal, suggesting that methylglyoxal may play a role in the etiology of diabetic complications. |
| 9530 | 8636255 | Increased levels of methylglyoxal-metabolizing enzymes in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with diabetic complications: aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II--a clinical research center study. |
| 9531 | 8636255 | Levels of aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with long term diabetic complications were compared to levels in IDDM patients without complications and to those in nondiabetic controls. |
| 9532 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II were determined spectrophotometrically. |
| 9533 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase in mononuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in asymptomatic IDDM patients (mean +/- SEM, 0.96 +/- 0.20 vs. 0.46 +/- 0.08 microgram/mg protein; P < 0.02). |
| 9534 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase I in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients is significantly elevated compared to that in controls [mean for mononuclear cells, 0.46 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.37 +/- 0.03 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.05); mean for polymorphonuclear cells, 0.16 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.10 +/- 0.01 mumol/min.mg (P < 0.002)]. |
| 9535 | 8636255 | Glyoxalase II is significantly elevated only in polymorphonuclear cells from symptomatic IDDM patients compared to controls (mean, 0.13 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.063 +/- 0.016 mumol/min.mg; P < 0.005). |
| 9536 | 8636255 | Aldose reductase, glyoxalase I, and glyoxalase II are involved in the metabolism of methylglyoxal, suggesting that methylglyoxal may play a role in the etiology of diabetic complications. |
| 9537 | 8636289 | The epinephrine and cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in strict glycemic control. |
| 9538 | 8636289 | To examine this question, we measured counterregulatory hormone secretion during a 3-h hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (12 pmol/kg.min) that lowered glucose from 5.0 to 2.2 mmol/L in steps of 0.55 mmol/L every 30 min in 13 well controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 7.8 +/- 0.2%), 14 poorly controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 12.3 +/- 1.5%), and 20 healthy volunteers. |
| 9539 | 8636289 | At the nadir glucose level (2.2 mmol/L), ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine levels were significantly lower in well controlled IDDM compared to healthy controls, and the glucose levels required for significant secretion of ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine also were lower in well controlled IDDM compared to those in both poorly controlled IDDM and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). |
| 9540 | 8636289 | We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. |
| 9541 | 8636289 | The epinephrine and cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in strict glycemic control. |
| 9542 | 8636289 | To examine this question, we measured counterregulatory hormone secretion during a 3-h hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (12 pmol/kg.min) that lowered glucose from 5.0 to 2.2 mmol/L in steps of 0.55 mmol/L every 30 min in 13 well controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 7.8 +/- 0.2%), 14 poorly controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 12.3 +/- 1.5%), and 20 healthy volunteers. |
| 9543 | 8636289 | At the nadir glucose level (2.2 mmol/L), ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine levels were significantly lower in well controlled IDDM compared to healthy controls, and the glucose levels required for significant secretion of ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine also were lower in well controlled IDDM compared to those in both poorly controlled IDDM and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). |
| 9544 | 8636289 | We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. |
| 9545 | 8636289 | The epinephrine and cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in strict glycemic control. |
| 9546 | 8636289 | To examine this question, we measured counterregulatory hormone secretion during a 3-h hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (12 pmol/kg.min) that lowered glucose from 5.0 to 2.2 mmol/L in steps of 0.55 mmol/L every 30 min in 13 well controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 7.8 +/- 0.2%), 14 poorly controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 12.3 +/- 1.5%), and 20 healthy volunteers. |
| 9547 | 8636289 | At the nadir glucose level (2.2 mmol/L), ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine levels were significantly lower in well controlled IDDM compared to healthy controls, and the glucose levels required for significant secretion of ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine also were lower in well controlled IDDM compared to those in both poorly controlled IDDM and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). |
| 9548 | 8636289 | We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. |
| 9549 | 8636289 | The epinephrine and cortisol responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in strict glycemic control. |
| 9550 | 8636289 | To examine this question, we measured counterregulatory hormone secretion during a 3-h hypoglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (12 pmol/kg.min) that lowered glucose from 5.0 to 2.2 mmol/L in steps of 0.55 mmol/L every 30 min in 13 well controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 7.8 +/- 0.2%), 14 poorly controlled IDDM subjects (hemoglobin A1, 12.3 +/- 1.5%), and 20 healthy volunteers. |
| 9551 | 8636289 | At the nadir glucose level (2.2 mmol/L), ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine levels were significantly lower in well controlled IDDM compared to healthy controls, and the glucose levels required for significant secretion of ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine also were lower in well controlled IDDM compared to those in both poorly controlled IDDM and healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). |
| 9552 | 8636289 | We conclude that 1) ACTH, cortisol, and epinephrine responses during hypoglycemia are reduced in IDDM patients in strict glycemic control; 2) the lower cortisol response is correlated with reduced ACTH levels; and 3) in healthy subjects, the cortisol response to hypoglycemia is abolished by adrenocortical blockade with metyrapone, whereas the epinephrine response to hypoglycemia remains intact. |
| 9553 | 8636356 | To evaluate the association of autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and IDDM-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types, we studied a unique group of 47 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a recessive disease not associated with HLA. |
| 9554 | 8636356 | GAD65 antibodies (GAD65-Ab), GAD67-Ab, islet cell antibodies, and HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 were analyzed in relation to IDDM or a decreased insulin secretory capacity. |
| 9555 | 8636356 | To evaluate the association of autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and IDDM-associated human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types, we studied a unique group of 47 patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, a recessive disease not associated with HLA. |
| 9556 | 8636356 | GAD65 antibodies (GAD65-Ab), GAD67-Ab, islet cell antibodies, and HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 were analyzed in relation to IDDM or a decreased insulin secretory capacity. |
| 9557 | 8636382 | Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether a short-term period of ketosis has any effect on the composition of fatty acid of plasma phospholipids in a group of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 9558 | 8637868 | Identification of a second transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2beta, as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: precursor of the 37-kDa tryptic fragment. |
| 9559 | 8637868 | The intracellular domain is 376 amino acids long and 74% identical to the intracellular domain of IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9560 | 8637868 | A partial sequence of the extracellular domain of IA-2beta indicates that it differs substantially (only 26% identical) from that of IA-2. |
| 9561 | 8637868 | Forty-six percent (23 of 50) of the IDDM sera but none of the sera from normal controls (0 of 50) immunoprecipitated the intracellular domain of IA-2beta. |
| 9562 | 8637868 | Competitive inhibition experiments showed that IDDM sera have autoantibodies that recognize both common and distinct determinants on IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 9563 | 8637868 | The current study shows that treatment of recombinant IA-2beta and IA-2 with trypsin yields a 37-kDa fragment and a 40-kDa fragment, respectively, and that these fragments can be immunoprecipitated with diabetic sera. |
| 9564 | 8637868 | Absorption of diabetic sera with unlabeled recombinant IA-2 or IA-2beta, prior to incubation with radiolabeled 37-kDa and 40-kDa tryptic fragments derived from insulinoma or glucagonoma cells, blocks the immunoprecipitation of both of these radiolabeled tryptic fragments. |
| 9565 | 8637868 | We conclude that IA-2beta and IA-2 are the precursors of the 37-kDa and 40-kDa islet cell autoantigens, respectively, and that both IA-2 and IA-2beta are major autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 9566 | 8637868 | Identification of a second transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2beta, as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: precursor of the 37-kDa tryptic fragment. |
| 9567 | 8637868 | The intracellular domain is 376 amino acids long and 74% identical to the intracellular domain of IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9568 | 8637868 | A partial sequence of the extracellular domain of IA-2beta indicates that it differs substantially (only 26% identical) from that of IA-2. |
| 9569 | 8637868 | Forty-six percent (23 of 50) of the IDDM sera but none of the sera from normal controls (0 of 50) immunoprecipitated the intracellular domain of IA-2beta. |
| 9570 | 8637868 | Competitive inhibition experiments showed that IDDM sera have autoantibodies that recognize both common and distinct determinants on IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 9571 | 8637868 | The current study shows that treatment of recombinant IA-2beta and IA-2 with trypsin yields a 37-kDa fragment and a 40-kDa fragment, respectively, and that these fragments can be immunoprecipitated with diabetic sera. |
| 9572 | 8637868 | Absorption of diabetic sera with unlabeled recombinant IA-2 or IA-2beta, prior to incubation with radiolabeled 37-kDa and 40-kDa tryptic fragments derived from insulinoma or glucagonoma cells, blocks the immunoprecipitation of both of these radiolabeled tryptic fragments. |
| 9573 | 8637868 | We conclude that IA-2beta and IA-2 are the precursors of the 37-kDa and 40-kDa islet cell autoantigens, respectively, and that both IA-2 and IA-2beta are major autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 9574 | 8637868 | Identification of a second transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2beta, as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: precursor of the 37-kDa tryptic fragment. |
| 9575 | 8637868 | The intracellular domain is 376 amino acids long and 74% identical to the intracellular domain of IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9576 | 8637868 | A partial sequence of the extracellular domain of IA-2beta indicates that it differs substantially (only 26% identical) from that of IA-2. |
| 9577 | 8637868 | Forty-six percent (23 of 50) of the IDDM sera but none of the sera from normal controls (0 of 50) immunoprecipitated the intracellular domain of IA-2beta. |
| 9578 | 8637868 | Competitive inhibition experiments showed that IDDM sera have autoantibodies that recognize both common and distinct determinants on IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 9579 | 8637868 | The current study shows that treatment of recombinant IA-2beta and IA-2 with trypsin yields a 37-kDa fragment and a 40-kDa fragment, respectively, and that these fragments can be immunoprecipitated with diabetic sera. |
| 9580 | 8637868 | Absorption of diabetic sera with unlabeled recombinant IA-2 or IA-2beta, prior to incubation with radiolabeled 37-kDa and 40-kDa tryptic fragments derived from insulinoma or glucagonoma cells, blocks the immunoprecipitation of both of these radiolabeled tryptic fragments. |
| 9581 | 8637868 | We conclude that IA-2beta and IA-2 are the precursors of the 37-kDa and 40-kDa islet cell autoantigens, respectively, and that both IA-2 and IA-2beta are major autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 9582 | 8637868 | Identification of a second transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2beta, as an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: precursor of the 37-kDa tryptic fragment. |
| 9583 | 8637868 | The intracellular domain is 376 amino acids long and 74% identical to the intracellular domain of IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9584 | 8637868 | A partial sequence of the extracellular domain of IA-2beta indicates that it differs substantially (only 26% identical) from that of IA-2. |
| 9585 | 8637868 | Forty-six percent (23 of 50) of the IDDM sera but none of the sera from normal controls (0 of 50) immunoprecipitated the intracellular domain of IA-2beta. |
| 9586 | 8637868 | Competitive inhibition experiments showed that IDDM sera have autoantibodies that recognize both common and distinct determinants on IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 9587 | 8637868 | The current study shows that treatment of recombinant IA-2beta and IA-2 with trypsin yields a 37-kDa fragment and a 40-kDa fragment, respectively, and that these fragments can be immunoprecipitated with diabetic sera. |
| 9588 | 8637868 | Absorption of diabetic sera with unlabeled recombinant IA-2 or IA-2beta, prior to incubation with radiolabeled 37-kDa and 40-kDa tryptic fragments derived from insulinoma or glucagonoma cells, blocks the immunoprecipitation of both of these radiolabeled tryptic fragments. |
| 9589 | 8637868 | We conclude that IA-2beta and IA-2 are the precursors of the 37-kDa and 40-kDa islet cell autoantigens, respectively, and that both IA-2 and IA-2beta are major autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 9590 | 8640398 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with that seen in the general population, while the sex differential in rates of CAD is considerably reduced in IDDM populations. |
| 9591 | 8641276 | Islet cell autoantigen (ICA) 512 is a novel autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) which is homologous to receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (++PTPases). |
| 9592 | 8641276 | These results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation participates in some aspect of secretory granule function common to all neuroendocrine cells and that a subset of autoantibodies in IDDM is directed against an integral membrane protein of insulin-containing granules. |
| 9593 | 8641276 | Islet cell autoantigen (ICA) 512 is a novel autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) which is homologous to receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (++PTPases). |
| 9594 | 8641276 | These results suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation participates in some aspect of secretory granule function common to all neuroendocrine cells and that a subset of autoantibodies in IDDM is directed against an integral membrane protein of insulin-containing granules. |
| 9595 | 8645362 | The goal of this study was to compare the structural and biological characteristics of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100-containing particle subfractions isolated from poorly controlled diabetic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and healthy controls matched for sex, age and body mass index (BMI). |
| 9596 | 8645454 | Autoimmune T cells reactive to beta-cell autoantigens are generally believed to play an essential role in the immune-mediated selective pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction process leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9597 | 8646198 | This review is aiming to study the values of apolipoprotein AI and B and plasma lipid levels (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride) in well-treated diabetic patients, and their possible relationship with hemoglobin A1, body mass index and insulin levels. |
| 9598 | 8646198 | The study groups were 26 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, 30 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) subjects and 20 non diabetic subjects (controls). |
| 9599 | 8646198 | Apolipoprotein AI concentrations were similar in the three groups, but apolipoprotein B values and apo B/apo AI ratio were significantly higher in IDDM as related to NIDDM patients (p < 0.001) and to non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 9600 | 8646198 | We found a weak correlation between apo B and hemoglobin AI in IDDM (r = 0.45; 0.02 < p < 0.05), but not in NIDDM patients. |
| 9601 | 8646198 | This review is aiming to study the values of apolipoprotein AI and B and plasma lipid levels (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride) in well-treated diabetic patients, and their possible relationship with hemoglobin A1, body mass index and insulin levels. |
| 9602 | 8646198 | The study groups were 26 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, 30 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) subjects and 20 non diabetic subjects (controls). |
| 9603 | 8646198 | Apolipoprotein AI concentrations were similar in the three groups, but apolipoprotein B values and apo B/apo AI ratio were significantly higher in IDDM as related to NIDDM patients (p < 0.001) and to non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 9604 | 8646198 | We found a weak correlation between apo B and hemoglobin AI in IDDM (r = 0.45; 0.02 < p < 0.05), but not in NIDDM patients. |
| 9605 | 8646198 | This review is aiming to study the values of apolipoprotein AI and B and plasma lipid levels (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride) in well-treated diabetic patients, and their possible relationship with hemoglobin A1, body mass index and insulin levels. |
| 9606 | 8646198 | The study groups were 26 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, 30 non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) subjects and 20 non diabetic subjects (controls). |
| 9607 | 8646198 | Apolipoprotein AI concentrations were similar in the three groups, but apolipoprotein B values and apo B/apo AI ratio were significantly higher in IDDM as related to NIDDM patients (p < 0.001) and to non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 9608 | 8646198 | We found a weak correlation between apo B and hemoglobin AI in IDDM (r = 0.45; 0.02 < p < 0.05), but not in NIDDM patients. |
| 9609 | 8647206 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-dependent immune-mediated disease. |
| 9610 | 8647206 | We tested T cell responsiveness to ICA69 in peripheral blood of patients with recent onset IDDM (n = 46), patients with long-standing IDDM (n = 44), non-diabetic age-matched, islet cell autoantibody- and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibody-negative first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (n = 15) and rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 22). |
| 9611 | 8647206 | In responding IDDM patients a significant inverse correlation between T cell and autoantibody responsiveness to ICA69 was observed (p < 0.0005). |
| 9612 | 8647206 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-dependent immune-mediated disease. |
| 9613 | 8647206 | We tested T cell responsiveness to ICA69 in peripheral blood of patients with recent onset IDDM (n = 46), patients with long-standing IDDM (n = 44), non-diabetic age-matched, islet cell autoantibody- and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibody-negative first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (n = 15) and rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 22). |
| 9614 | 8647206 | In responding IDDM patients a significant inverse correlation between T cell and autoantibody responsiveness to ICA69 was observed (p < 0.0005). |
| 9615 | 8647206 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-dependent immune-mediated disease. |
| 9616 | 8647206 | We tested T cell responsiveness to ICA69 in peripheral blood of patients with recent onset IDDM (n = 46), patients with long-standing IDDM (n = 44), non-diabetic age-matched, islet cell autoantibody- and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 antibody-negative first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (n = 15) and rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 22). |
| 9617 | 8647206 | In responding IDDM patients a significant inverse correlation between T cell and autoantibody responsiveness to ICA69 was observed (p < 0.0005). |
| 9618 | 8647623 | Ten patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 21 healthy volunteers were evaluated as age-matched controls. |
| 9619 | 8649226 | In both groups, bidirectional transfer of CE from HDL3 to very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) + low density lipoprotein (LDL) and of TG from VLDL + LDL to HDL3, took place, but this process was significantly greater (P < .01) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9620 | 8650584 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multigenic autoimmune disease. |
| 9621 | 8650584 | The genes encoding insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins 2 and 5 were mapped to a 4-megabase pair interval near this locus. |
| 9622 | 8651245 | Among 658 individuals with childhood-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 146 had DN at baseline. |
| 9623 | 8652016 | In order to evaluate the presence of electrophysiologic signs of autonomic dysfunction (AD) in newly diagnosed diabetic children, cardiovascular reflex tests were performed in 55 (30 female, 25 male) newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients aged 10.3-20.7 years (mean +/- S.D.: 15.2 +/- 5.6). |
| 9624 | 8652016 | Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction can be present in newly diagnosed IDDM children and it seems to be stable in children who follow an intensive insulin injection therapy. |
| 9625 | 8652016 | In order to evaluate the presence of electrophysiologic signs of autonomic dysfunction (AD) in newly diagnosed diabetic children, cardiovascular reflex tests were performed in 55 (30 female, 25 male) newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients aged 10.3-20.7 years (mean +/- S.D.: 15.2 +/- 5.6). |
| 9626 | 8652016 | Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction can be present in newly diagnosed IDDM children and it seems to be stable in children who follow an intensive insulin injection therapy. |
| 9627 | 8666141 | MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation and induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses in autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mice. |
| 9628 | 8666141 | The common class I alleles (e.g., Kd and Db) within the H2g7 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) clearly contribute to autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice, but the mechanism by which this occurs has been controversial. |
| 9629 | 8666141 | One laboratory has reported that the peptide transporter encoded by the Tap1 gene within H2g7 is defective, and this contributes to IDDM by impairing MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation. |
| 9630 | 8666141 | MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation and induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses in autoimmune diabetes-prone NOD mice. |
| 9631 | 8666141 | The common class I alleles (e.g., Kd and Db) within the H2g7 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) clearly contribute to autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice, but the mechanism by which this occurs has been controversial. |
| 9632 | 8666141 | One laboratory has reported that the peptide transporter encoded by the Tap1 gene within H2g7 is defective, and this contributes to IDDM by impairing MHC class I-mediated antigen presentation. |
| 9633 | 8666150 | IDDM results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in individuals genetically susceptible for the disease. |
| 9634 | 8666150 | We conducted a prospective study from birth, BABY-DIAB, among children of mothers with IDDM or gestational diabetes or fathers with IDDM, and we investigated the temporal sequence of antibody responses to islet cells (ICA), insulin (IAA), GAD (GADA), and the protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2/ICA512 (IA-2A). |
| 9635 | 8666150 | IDDM results from immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in individuals genetically susceptible for the disease. |
| 9636 | 8666150 | We conducted a prospective study from birth, BABY-DIAB, among children of mothers with IDDM or gestational diabetes or fathers with IDDM, and we investigated the temporal sequence of antibody responses to islet cells (ICA), insulin (IAA), GAD (GADA), and the protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2/ICA512 (IA-2A). |
| 9637 | 8666914 | Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9638 | 8666914 | Induction of passive tolerance to GAD65, through inactivation of reactive T cells before the onset of autoimmunity, prevented determinant spreading and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9639 | 8666914 | Here, we examined whether an alternative strategy, designed to induce active tolerance via the engagement of Th2 immune responses to GAD65, before the spontaneous onset of autoimmunity, could inhibit the cascade of Th1 responses that lead to IDDM. |
| 9640 | 8666914 | GAD65 peptide treated mice displayed greatly reduced IFN gamma responses and increased IL-5 responses to GAD65, confirming the diversion of the spontaneous GAD65 Th1 response toward a Th2 phenotype. |
| 9641 | 8666914 | Consistent with the induction of an active tolerance mechanism, splenic CD4+ (but not CD8+) T cells from GAD65 peptide-treated mice, inhibited the adoptive transfer of IDDM to NOD-scid/scid mice. |
| 9642 | 8666914 | Finally, GAD65 peptide treatment reduced insulitis and long-term IDDM incidence. |
| 9643 | 8666914 | Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9644 | 8666914 | Induction of passive tolerance to GAD65, through inactivation of reactive T cells before the onset of autoimmunity, prevented determinant spreading and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9645 | 8666914 | Here, we examined whether an alternative strategy, designed to induce active tolerance via the engagement of Th2 immune responses to GAD65, before the spontaneous onset of autoimmunity, could inhibit the cascade of Th1 responses that lead to IDDM. |
| 9646 | 8666914 | GAD65 peptide treated mice displayed greatly reduced IFN gamma responses and increased IL-5 responses to GAD65, confirming the diversion of the spontaneous GAD65 Th1 response toward a Th2 phenotype. |
| 9647 | 8666914 | Consistent with the induction of an active tolerance mechanism, splenic CD4+ (but not CD8+) T cells from GAD65 peptide-treated mice, inhibited the adoptive transfer of IDDM to NOD-scid/scid mice. |
| 9648 | 8666914 | Finally, GAD65 peptide treatment reduced insulitis and long-term IDDM incidence. |
| 9649 | 8666914 | Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9650 | 8666914 | Induction of passive tolerance to GAD65, through inactivation of reactive T cells before the onset of autoimmunity, prevented determinant spreading and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9651 | 8666914 | Here, we examined whether an alternative strategy, designed to induce active tolerance via the engagement of Th2 immune responses to GAD65, before the spontaneous onset of autoimmunity, could inhibit the cascade of Th1 responses that lead to IDDM. |
| 9652 | 8666914 | GAD65 peptide treated mice displayed greatly reduced IFN gamma responses and increased IL-5 responses to GAD65, confirming the diversion of the spontaneous GAD65 Th1 response toward a Th2 phenotype. |
| 9653 | 8666914 | Consistent with the induction of an active tolerance mechanism, splenic CD4+ (but not CD8+) T cells from GAD65 peptide-treated mice, inhibited the adoptive transfer of IDDM to NOD-scid/scid mice. |
| 9654 | 8666914 | Finally, GAD65 peptide treatment reduced insulitis and long-term IDDM incidence. |
| 9655 | 8666914 | Nasal administration of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides induces Th2 responses and prevents murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 9656 | 8666914 | Induction of passive tolerance to GAD65, through inactivation of reactive T cells before the onset of autoimmunity, prevented determinant spreading and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9657 | 8666914 | Here, we examined whether an alternative strategy, designed to induce active tolerance via the engagement of Th2 immune responses to GAD65, before the spontaneous onset of autoimmunity, could inhibit the cascade of Th1 responses that lead to IDDM. |
| 9658 | 8666914 | GAD65 peptide treated mice displayed greatly reduced IFN gamma responses and increased IL-5 responses to GAD65, confirming the diversion of the spontaneous GAD65 Th1 response toward a Th2 phenotype. |
| 9659 | 8666914 | Consistent with the induction of an active tolerance mechanism, splenic CD4+ (but not CD8+) T cells from GAD65 peptide-treated mice, inhibited the adoptive transfer of IDDM to NOD-scid/scid mice. |
| 9660 | 8666914 | Finally, GAD65 peptide treatment reduced insulitis and long-term IDDM incidence. |
| 9661 | 8669109 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats (RT1(u), RT6.1) spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the disease manifestation resembles that in human IDDM. |
| 9662 | 8669109 | To prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the grafts, monoclonal antibodies to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 were administered. |
| 9663 | 8669109 | These findings demonstrated that stable macrochimerism of donor-derived RT6+ T cells could restore the immune responses and prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the DP recipients. |
| 9664 | 8669109 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats (RT1(u), RT6.1) spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the disease manifestation resembles that in human IDDM. |
| 9665 | 8669109 | To prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the grafts, monoclonal antibodies to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 were administered. |
| 9666 | 8669109 | These findings demonstrated that stable macrochimerism of donor-derived RT6+ T cells could restore the immune responses and prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the DP recipients. |
| 9667 | 8669109 | Diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats (RT1(u), RT6.1) spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the disease manifestation resembles that in human IDDM. |
| 9668 | 8669109 | To prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the grafts, monoclonal antibodies to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 were administered. |
| 9669 | 8669109 | These findings demonstrated that stable macrochimerism of donor-derived RT6+ T cells could restore the immune responses and prevent the recurrence of IDDM in the DP recipients. |
| 9670 | 8670603 | Ultrasonography was used to measure flexor tendon sheath thickness in 14 insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetics with diabetic cheiroarthropathy (DCA) and compared to 17 IDDM patients without DCA along with 10 healthy volunteers. |
| 9671 | 8675560 | To study the frequency of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65A) at the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to evaluate the relation of these antibodies to other IDDM-associated autoantibodies and genetic risk markers of the disease, we analyzed 747 newly diagnosed diabetic children younger than 15 yr of age (mean, 8.4 yr) for GAD65A, islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies, and human leukocyte antigen DR alleles. |
| 9672 | 8677206 | [Prolactin secretion in diabetic nephropathy of patients with diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM)]. |
| 9673 | 8677206 | The patients with IDDM without diabetic nephropathy did not differ from healthy subjects both in the basic and TRH induced prolactin secretion. |
| 9674 | 8677206 | [Prolactin secretion in diabetic nephropathy of patients with diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM)]. |
| 9675 | 8677206 | The patients with IDDM without diabetic nephropathy did not differ from healthy subjects both in the basic and TRH induced prolactin secretion. |
| 9676 | 8679901 | Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus. |
| 9677 | 8679901 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9678 | 8679901 | The islet cell specific, 65 kDa form of GAD (GAD65) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 10p. |
| 9679 | 8679901 | To determine whether variation in the GAD65 gene plays a role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM, possibly explaining the reported evidence for linkage on 10p, we isolated cosmid clones containing GAD65, and identified a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat physically linked to the gene. |
| 9680 | 8679901 | This GAD65 microsatellite marker, along with the other 10p markers D10S193 and D10S211, were used to genotype the members of 186 multiplex IDDM families with 2 or more affected siblings. |
| 9681 | 8679901 | The family data for GAD65 were further assessed for allelic association with IDDM using the transmission/disequilibrium test. |
| 9682 | 8679901 | No significant deviations from expected values were observed in any of these tests, suggesting that variation in the GAD65 gene does not play a significant role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9683 | 8679901 | Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus. |
| 9684 | 8679901 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9685 | 8679901 | The islet cell specific, 65 kDa form of GAD (GAD65) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 10p. |
| 9686 | 8679901 | To determine whether variation in the GAD65 gene plays a role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM, possibly explaining the reported evidence for linkage on 10p, we isolated cosmid clones containing GAD65, and identified a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat physically linked to the gene. |
| 9687 | 8679901 | This GAD65 microsatellite marker, along with the other 10p markers D10S193 and D10S211, were used to genotype the members of 186 multiplex IDDM families with 2 or more affected siblings. |
| 9688 | 8679901 | The family data for GAD65 were further assessed for allelic association with IDDM using the transmission/disequilibrium test. |
| 9689 | 8679901 | No significant deviations from expected values were observed in any of these tests, suggesting that variation in the GAD65 gene does not play a significant role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9690 | 8679901 | Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus. |
| 9691 | 8679901 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9692 | 8679901 | The islet cell specific, 65 kDa form of GAD (GAD65) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 10p. |
| 9693 | 8679901 | To determine whether variation in the GAD65 gene plays a role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM, possibly explaining the reported evidence for linkage on 10p, we isolated cosmid clones containing GAD65, and identified a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat physically linked to the gene. |
| 9694 | 8679901 | This GAD65 microsatellite marker, along with the other 10p markers D10S193 and D10S211, were used to genotype the members of 186 multiplex IDDM families with 2 or more affected siblings. |
| 9695 | 8679901 | The family data for GAD65 were further assessed for allelic association with IDDM using the transmission/disequilibrium test. |
| 9696 | 8679901 | No significant deviations from expected values were observed in any of these tests, suggesting that variation in the GAD65 gene does not play a significant role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9697 | 8679901 | Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus. |
| 9698 | 8679901 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9699 | 8679901 | The islet cell specific, 65 kDa form of GAD (GAD65) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 10p. |
| 9700 | 8679901 | To determine whether variation in the GAD65 gene plays a role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM, possibly explaining the reported evidence for linkage on 10p, we isolated cosmid clones containing GAD65, and identified a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat physically linked to the gene. |
| 9701 | 8679901 | This GAD65 microsatellite marker, along with the other 10p markers D10S193 and D10S211, were used to genotype the members of 186 multiplex IDDM families with 2 or more affected siblings. |
| 9702 | 8679901 | The family data for GAD65 were further assessed for allelic association with IDDM using the transmission/disequilibrium test. |
| 9703 | 8679901 | No significant deviations from expected values were observed in any of these tests, suggesting that variation in the GAD65 gene does not play a significant role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9704 | 8679901 | Linkage and association studies in insulin-dependent diabetes with a new dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the GAD65 locus. |
| 9705 | 8679901 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9706 | 8679901 | The islet cell specific, 65 kDa form of GAD (GAD65) is encoded by a gene on chromosome 10p. |
| 9707 | 8679901 | To determine whether variation in the GAD65 gene plays a role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM, possibly explaining the reported evidence for linkage on 10p, we isolated cosmid clones containing GAD65, and identified a highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat physically linked to the gene. |
| 9708 | 8679901 | This GAD65 microsatellite marker, along with the other 10p markers D10S193 and D10S211, were used to genotype the members of 186 multiplex IDDM families with 2 or more affected siblings. |
| 9709 | 8679901 | The family data for GAD65 were further assessed for allelic association with IDDM using the transmission/disequilibrium test. |
| 9710 | 8679901 | No significant deviations from expected values were observed in any of these tests, suggesting that variation in the GAD65 gene does not play a significant role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 9711 | 8683386 | Although insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from irreversible loss of beta cells, the mode of cell death responsible for this loss has not previously been categorized. |
| 9712 | 8687045 | An A to G mutation at nucleotide position 3243 of the mitochondrial genome has been shown to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with deafness. |
| 9713 | 8689840 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is linked to HLA factors on human chromosome 6 and strongly associated with the presence of autoantibodies against the glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform GAD65. |
| 9714 | 8689840 | At the same time, the molecular cloning of human islet GAD65 and the development of precise and reproducible GAD65Ab assays with recombinant human GAD65 has given new insights to the problem of to what extent HLA control the development of a GAD65 immune response or to the development of IDDM. |
| 9715 | 8689840 | This is important since other factors may control the development of IDDM in only a fraction of GAD65 antibody positive individuals detected following a screening of the general population. |
| 9716 | 8689840 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is linked to HLA factors on human chromosome 6 and strongly associated with the presence of autoantibodies against the glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform GAD65. |
| 9717 | 8689840 | At the same time, the molecular cloning of human islet GAD65 and the development of precise and reproducible GAD65Ab assays with recombinant human GAD65 has given new insights to the problem of to what extent HLA control the development of a GAD65 immune response or to the development of IDDM. |
| 9718 | 8689840 | This is important since other factors may control the development of IDDM in only a fraction of GAD65 antibody positive individuals detected following a screening of the general population. |
| 9719 | 8689840 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is linked to HLA factors on human chromosome 6 and strongly associated with the presence of autoantibodies against the glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform GAD65. |
| 9720 | 8689840 | At the same time, the molecular cloning of human islet GAD65 and the development of precise and reproducible GAD65Ab assays with recombinant human GAD65 has given new insights to the problem of to what extent HLA control the development of a GAD65 immune response or to the development of IDDM. |
| 9721 | 8689840 | This is important since other factors may control the development of IDDM in only a fraction of GAD65 antibody positive individuals detected following a screening of the general population. |
| 9722 | 8689844 | Elevated serum sialic acid (SSA) predicts cardiovascular disease in the non-diabetic population and is also associated with the presence of microalbuminuria and clinical proteinuria in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 9723 | 8690171 | Central motor pathways were studied in 17 normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who had been diabetic for more than 20 years, and compared with findings in 17 age-, sex-, and height-matched control subjects. |
| 9724 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9725 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9726 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9727 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9728 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9729 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9730 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9731 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9732 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9733 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9734 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9735 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9736 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9737 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9738 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9739 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9740 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9741 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9742 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9743 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9744 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9745 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9746 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9747 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9748 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9749 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9750 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9751 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9752 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9753 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9754 | 8690176 | In Finland insulin gene region encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts maximum effect when there is low HLA-DR associated risk. |
| 9755 | 8690176 | An association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and polymorphisms of the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (INS) is a consistent finding in Europid populations. |
| 9756 | 8690176 | We have investigated the role of INS in susceptibility to IDDM in Finland, which has the highest incidence of diabetes mellitus in the world, at two polymorphic restriction sites, 5' and 3' to the insulin gene. |
| 9757 | 8690176 | We found an overall association between IDDM and INS in the high-risk Finnish population only with the 5' polymorphism and identified an INS haplotype negatively associated with IDDM in Finland. |
| 9758 | 8690176 | However, among diabetic subjects with a reduced HLA-associated susceptibility (non-DR4/non-DR3) both 3' and 5' INS loci showed an association with IDDM (p values 0.02 and 0.0002, respectively). |
| 9759 | 8690176 | Thus, in the Finnish population insulin gene-encoded susceptibility to IDDM exerts a maximum effect in those with reduced HLA-associated risk. |
| 9760 | 8692821 | IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9761 | 8692821 | Coded sera (100) were tested: 50 from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50 from age-matched normal controls. |
| 9762 | 8692821 | Up to 86% of the IDDM patients had autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65. |
| 9763 | 8692821 | Absorption experiments showed that the immunofluorescence reactivity of ICA-positive sera was greatly reduced by prior incubation with recombinant IA-2 or GAD65 when the respective antibody was present. |
| 9764 | 8692821 | A little over one-half (9 of 16) of the IDDM sera that were negative for ICA were found to be positive for autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65, arguing that the immunofluorescence test for ICA is less sensitive than the recombinant tests for autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65. |
| 9765 | 8692821 | It is concluded that IA-2 is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM, and, together with GAD65, is responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 9766 | 8692821 | Tests for the detection of autoantibodies to recombinant IA-2 and GAD65 may eventually replace ICA immunofluorescence for IDDM population screening. |
| 9767 | 8692821 | IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9768 | 8692821 | Coded sera (100) were tested: 50 from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50 from age-matched normal controls. |
| 9769 | 8692821 | Up to 86% of the IDDM patients had autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65. |
| 9770 | 8692821 | Absorption experiments showed that the immunofluorescence reactivity of ICA-positive sera was greatly reduced by prior incubation with recombinant IA-2 or GAD65 when the respective antibody was present. |
| 9771 | 8692821 | A little over one-half (9 of 16) of the IDDM sera that were negative for ICA were found to be positive for autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65, arguing that the immunofluorescence test for ICA is less sensitive than the recombinant tests for autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65. |
| 9772 | 8692821 | It is concluded that IA-2 is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM, and, together with GAD65, is responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 9773 | 8692821 | Tests for the detection of autoantibodies to recombinant IA-2 and GAD65 may eventually replace ICA immunofluorescence for IDDM population screening. |
| 9774 | 8692821 | IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9775 | 8692821 | Coded sera (100) were tested: 50 from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50 from age-matched normal controls. |
| 9776 | 8692821 | Up to 86% of the IDDM patients had autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65. |
| 9777 | 8692821 | Absorption experiments showed that the immunofluorescence reactivity of ICA-positive sera was greatly reduced by prior incubation with recombinant IA-2 or GAD65 when the respective antibody was present. |
| 9778 | 8692821 | A little over one-half (9 of 16) of the IDDM sera that were negative for ICA were found to be positive for autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65, arguing that the immunofluorescence test for ICA is less sensitive than the recombinant tests for autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65. |
| 9779 | 8692821 | It is concluded that IA-2 is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM, and, together with GAD65, is responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 9780 | 8692821 | Tests for the detection of autoantibodies to recombinant IA-2 and GAD65 may eventually replace ICA immunofluorescence for IDDM population screening. |
| 9781 | 8692821 | IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9782 | 8692821 | Coded sera (100) were tested: 50 from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50 from age-matched normal controls. |
| 9783 | 8692821 | Up to 86% of the IDDM patients had autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65. |
| 9784 | 8692821 | Absorption experiments showed that the immunofluorescence reactivity of ICA-positive sera was greatly reduced by prior incubation with recombinant IA-2 or GAD65 when the respective antibody was present. |
| 9785 | 8692821 | A little over one-half (9 of 16) of the IDDM sera that were negative for ICA were found to be positive for autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65, arguing that the immunofluorescence test for ICA is less sensitive than the recombinant tests for autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65. |
| 9786 | 8692821 | It is concluded that IA-2 is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM, and, together with GAD65, is responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 9787 | 8692821 | Tests for the detection of autoantibodies to recombinant IA-2 and GAD65 may eventually replace ICA immunofluorescence for IDDM population screening. |
| 9788 | 8692821 | IA-2, a transmembrane protein of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family, is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 9789 | 8692821 | Coded sera (100) were tested: 50 from patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50 from age-matched normal controls. |
| 9790 | 8692821 | Up to 86% of the IDDM patients had autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65. |
| 9791 | 8692821 | Absorption experiments showed that the immunofluorescence reactivity of ICA-positive sera was greatly reduced by prior incubation with recombinant IA-2 or GAD65 when the respective antibody was present. |
| 9792 | 8692821 | A little over one-half (9 of 16) of the IDDM sera that were negative for ICA were found to be positive for autoantibodies to IA-2 and/or GAD65, arguing that the immunofluorescence test for ICA is less sensitive than the recombinant tests for autoantibodies to IA-2 and GAD65. |
| 9793 | 8692821 | It is concluded that IA-2 is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM, and, together with GAD65, is responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 9794 | 8692821 | Tests for the detection of autoantibodies to recombinant IA-2 and GAD65 may eventually replace ICA immunofluorescence for IDDM population screening. |
| 9795 | 8697673 | This study of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and hypoglycemia unawareness examines the effect of a period of less strict glycemic control on the defective counter-regulatory hormonal responses to and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. |
| 9796 | 8701061 | To evaluate the role of metabolic control at the beginning of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) a cross-sectional study was performed with a retrospective analysis of 24 patients followed for at least seven years. |
| 9797 | 8701061 | The following parameters were investigated: 1) At IDDM diagnosis, age, sex, metabolic control (basal serum glucose, HbA1, cholesterol, triglycerides) and endogen insulin secretion (EIS). 2) At one year in the follow-up: EIS. 3) Since IDDM diagnosis and every 3-4 months: body mass index, dose and pattern of insulin administration and metabolic control. 4) At seven years in the follow-up: direct ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, microalbuminuria and blood pressure. |
| 9798 | 8701061 | To evaluate the role of metabolic control at the beginning of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) a cross-sectional study was performed with a retrospective analysis of 24 patients followed for at least seven years. |
| 9799 | 8701061 | The following parameters were investigated: 1) At IDDM diagnosis, age, sex, metabolic control (basal serum glucose, HbA1, cholesterol, triglycerides) and endogen insulin secretion (EIS). 2) At one year in the follow-up: EIS. 3) Since IDDM diagnosis and every 3-4 months: body mass index, dose and pattern of insulin administration and metabolic control. 4) At seven years in the follow-up: direct ophthalmoscopy, fluorescein angiography, microalbuminuria and blood pressure. |
| 9800 | 8701266 | The prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in cystic fibrosis patients ranges from 2 to 8% and glucose intolerance up to 15%. |
| 9801 | 8706343 | Dose-dependent side effects are frequently observed with immunosuppressive drugs of potential relevance for the immunotherapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), such as CsA and DSP. |
| 9802 | 8714803 | In an earlier study of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), males who reported predominantly negative life events over the previous year and had a poorer social support situation showed poorer HbA1C values than those who reported fewer or no negative life events. |
| 9803 | 8719109 | By selectively inbreeding diabetic individuals, we have been able to establish an NOD mouse population with a genetic predisposition towards insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in approximately 100% of cases. |
| 9804 | 8720606 | The aim of this follow-up trial was to describe the association between the length of the QT interval, as a marker of myocardial electrical stability, and the risk of death in insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients with overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 9805 | 8720604 | To determine whether cytokines could have a role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured serum levels of cytokines derived from T helper 1 (interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma), T helper 2 (interleukin-4 and interleukin-10) lymphocytes and macrophages (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta) in patients before and after the onset of IDDM. |
| 9806 | 8720604 | Recently diagnosed IDDM patients had significantly higher levels of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha than patients with either long-standing IDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), Graves' disease, or control subjects (p < 0.05 for all). |
| 9807 | 8720604 | Compared with control subjects, patients with long-standing IDDM and those with NIDDM had higher interleukin-2 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels (p < 0.01 for all). |
| 9808 | 8720604 | Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were detectable in sera of patients with Graves' disease only, while interleukin-1 beta was not detectable in the serum of any control or test subject. |
| 9809 | 8720604 | To determine whether cytokines could have a role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured serum levels of cytokines derived from T helper 1 (interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma), T helper 2 (interleukin-4 and interleukin-10) lymphocytes and macrophages (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta) in patients before and after the onset of IDDM. |
| 9810 | 8720604 | Recently diagnosed IDDM patients had significantly higher levels of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha than patients with either long-standing IDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), Graves' disease, or control subjects (p < 0.05 for all). |
| 9811 | 8720604 | Compared with control subjects, patients with long-standing IDDM and those with NIDDM had higher interleukin-2 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels (p < 0.01 for all). |
| 9812 | 8720604 | Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were detectable in sera of patients with Graves' disease only, while interleukin-1 beta was not detectable in the serum of any control or test subject. |
| 9813 | 8720604 | To determine whether cytokines could have a role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we measured serum levels of cytokines derived from T helper 1 (interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma), T helper 2 (interleukin-4 and interleukin-10) lymphocytes and macrophages (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta) in patients before and after the onset of IDDM. |
| 9814 | 8720604 | Recently diagnosed IDDM patients had significantly higher levels of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 alpha than patients with either long-standing IDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), Graves' disease, or control subjects (p < 0.05 for all). |
| 9815 | 8720604 | Compared with control subjects, patients with long-standing IDDM and those with NIDDM had higher interleukin-2 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels (p < 0.01 for all). |
| 9816 | 8720604 | Interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were detectable in sera of patients with Graves' disease only, while interleukin-1 beta was not detectable in the serum of any control or test subject. |
| 9817 | 8722582 | Streptozotocin (STZ), a selective beta-cell cytotoxin, given in multiple low doses to susceptible mouse strains causes insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with an autoimmune pathology. |
| 9818 | 8725260 | Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications. |
| 9819 | 8725260 | Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9820 | 8725260 | We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). |
| 9821 | 8725260 | IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. |
| 9822 | 8725260 | However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. |
| 9823 | 8725260 | In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. |
| 9824 | 8725260 | Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications. |
| 9825 | 8725260 | Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9826 | 8725260 | We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). |
| 9827 | 8725260 | IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. |
| 9828 | 8725260 | However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. |
| 9829 | 8725260 | In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. |
| 9830 | 8725260 | Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications. |
| 9831 | 8725260 | Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9832 | 8725260 | We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). |
| 9833 | 8725260 | IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. |
| 9834 | 8725260 | However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. |
| 9835 | 8725260 | In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. |
| 9836 | 8725260 | Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications. |
| 9837 | 8725260 | Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9838 | 8725260 | We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). |
| 9839 | 8725260 | IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. |
| 9840 | 8725260 | However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. |
| 9841 | 8725260 | In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. |
| 9842 | 8725260 | Insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins 1 and 3, and growth hormone-binding protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: clinical implications. |
| 9843 | 8725260 | Values of IGF-I after extraction, its binding proteins, and the high affinity GH-binding protein (BP) are not well established in pediatric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9844 | 8725260 | We report data for IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and -3, and GHBP in 92 Spanish children with IDDM, separated according to pubertal stage: prepubertal (n = 49); pubertal onset (n = 17); mid-puberty (n = 17), and complete puberty (n = 9), as well as to metabolic control (HbA1 < 9% or > or = 9%). |
| 9845 | 8725260 | IGF-I levels in IDDM patients increased throughout development (p < 0.001), but were diminished at every developmental stage when compared with marched control subjects. |
| 9846 | 8725260 | However, IDDM patients have significantly higher levels of IGFBP-1 than control subjects at every stage of development, and IDDM patients with inadequate metabolic control exhibit even greater differences when compared with matched control subjects. |
| 9847 | 8725260 | In IDDM patients, GHBP levels change significantly during maturation, as they do in normal control subjects; however, significantly lower GHBP levels were found in prepubertal and pubertal IDDM patients. |
| 9848 | 8728202 | There were 26 CAPD patients [9 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 9 with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 8 without diabetes], 27 IDDM without late complications, and 41 healthy control persons. |
| 9849 | 8728871 | However, the relation between human insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), HL activity and the characteristics of LDL have not been studied. |
| 9850 | 8730438 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a pancreatic islet beta-cell antigen, are present in > 80% of newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and are found in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a murine model of spontaneous IDDM. |
| 9851 | 8730438 | To determine whether GAD is a target antigen in the kidney damage of NOD mice, we studied GAD mRNAs (GAD65 and GAD67) by RT-PCR in mesangial cells, isolated glomeruli, and kidney cortex and medulla in NOD and SJL/C57BL mice. |
| 9852 | 8732409 | Eighteen of the 100 patients were diabetic with six insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) and 12 non-insulin dependent diabetics (NIDDM). |
| 9853 | 8733139 | Confirmation of three susceptibility genes to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8. |
| 9854 | 8733139 | Previous genome-wide mapping studies have provided suggestive linkage evidence for several novel susceptibility loci responsible for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); however, the evidence was not sufficient to confirm the existence of these genes. |
| 9855 | 8733139 | The maximum LOD scores (MLS) were 3.9, 4.5 and 3.6 in our data set, and 5.0, 4.6 and 5.0 for our data combined with non-overlapping data from the literature, for IDDM4 on chromosome 11q13, IDDM5 on 6q25, and IDDM8 on 6q27, respectively. |
| 9856 | 8733139 | However, we could not confirm linkage for IDDM3 on 15q26 and IDDM7 on 2q31-q33, or linkage disequilibrium between D2S152 and IDDM7. |
| 9857 | 8733311 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA-DQ alpha/beta markers in white population. |
| 9858 | 8733827 | To elucidate the clinical significance of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD Ab) compared to islet cell antibodies (ICA) in recent-onset and long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9859 | 8733827 | We examined GAD Ab and ICA in 29 recent-onset and 85 long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9860 | 8733827 | These findings suggest that GAD Ab are more useful than ICA to know participation of immune disorders in long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9861 | 8733827 | To elucidate the clinical significance of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD Ab) compared to islet cell antibodies (ICA) in recent-onset and long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9862 | 8733827 | We examined GAD Ab and ICA in 29 recent-onset and 85 long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9863 | 8733827 | These findings suggest that GAD Ab are more useful than ICA to know participation of immune disorders in long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9864 | 8733827 | To elucidate the clinical significance of antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD Ab) compared to islet cell antibodies (ICA) in recent-onset and long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9865 | 8733827 | We examined GAD Ab and ICA in 29 recent-onset and 85 long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9866 | 8733827 | These findings suggest that GAD Ab are more useful than ICA to know participation of immune disorders in long-standing patients with IDDM. |
| 9867 | 8733989 | Participating ADA member physicians were asked to enroll five or more patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, or type I diabetes) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, or type II diabetes) who were not currently receiving magnesium supplementation and who they believed required or could benefit from oral magnesium chloride administration. |
| 9868 | 8733989 | Glucose control, as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin Alc, did not correlate with magnesium serum levels. |
| 9869 | 8734569 | T cells from BB-DP rats show a unique cytokine mRNA profile associated with the IDDM1 susceptibility gene, Lyp. |
| 9870 | 8734569 | One of the most pronounced abnormalities in these animals is a marked T cell lymphopenia which is evident in both CD4+ and CD8+ peripheral T cell subsets. |
| 9871 | 8734572 | Based on studies in spontaneously non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, it has been suggested that the Mr 65,000 isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is of major importance in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9872 | 8734572 | In humans, antibodies to GAD65 are present before and at onset of the disease and in vitro T cell reactivity to GAD has also been reported. |
| 9873 | 8734572 | To further characterize the T cell recognition of GAD65, we incubated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 45 newly diagnosed IDDM patients with purified recombinant human islet GAD65 and correlated the proliferative response with HLA DR haplotype and the presence of GAD65 autoantibodies. |
| 9874 | 8734572 | In conclusion, we find a proliferative T cell response to GAD65 in approximately 50% of recent onset IDDM patients and unexpectedly find the majority of responders to be HLA non-DR 3/4 heterozygous patients. |
| 9875 | 8734572 | Based on studies in spontaneously non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, it has been suggested that the Mr 65,000 isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is of major importance in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9876 | 8734572 | In humans, antibodies to GAD65 are present before and at onset of the disease and in vitro T cell reactivity to GAD has also been reported. |
| 9877 | 8734572 | To further characterize the T cell recognition of GAD65, we incubated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 45 newly diagnosed IDDM patients with purified recombinant human islet GAD65 and correlated the proliferative response with HLA DR haplotype and the presence of GAD65 autoantibodies. |
| 9878 | 8734572 | In conclusion, we find a proliferative T cell response to GAD65 in approximately 50% of recent onset IDDM patients and unexpectedly find the majority of responders to be HLA non-DR 3/4 heterozygous patients. |
| 9879 | 8734572 | Based on studies in spontaneously non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, it has been suggested that the Mr 65,000 isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) is of major importance in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9880 | 8734572 | In humans, antibodies to GAD65 are present before and at onset of the disease and in vitro T cell reactivity to GAD has also been reported. |
| 9881 | 8734572 | To further characterize the T cell recognition of GAD65, we incubated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 45 newly diagnosed IDDM patients with purified recombinant human islet GAD65 and correlated the proliferative response with HLA DR haplotype and the presence of GAD65 autoantibodies. |
| 9882 | 8734572 | In conclusion, we find a proliferative T cell response to GAD65 in approximately 50% of recent onset IDDM patients and unexpectedly find the majority of responders to be HLA non-DR 3/4 heterozygous patients. |
| 9883 | 8736623 | Epidemiological evidence and extrapolation of trial data from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suggests that improving glycaemic control reduces the risk of developing microvascular complications (i.e. retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy) and also slows the rate of progression of these complications in patients with early disease. |
| 9884 | 8737019 | Ethical issues in research into prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) |
| 9885 | 8737020 | A number of studies now suggest that in proteinuric IDDM and NIDDM patients angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) may have additional reno-protective effects in addition to their hypotensive action. |
| 9886 | 8737022 | In new-onset insulin-dependent diabetic patients the presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies is associated with islet cell autoimmunity and the high risk haplotype HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302. |
| 9887 | 8737022 | In 157 new onset IDDM (104 men, 53 women, ages 10-39 yr) anti-thyroid peroxidase anti-bodies (anti-TPO) were assayed with a specific immunological test. |
| 9888 | 8737824 | Visual evoked sensory (VEP) and event-related potentials (ERP) were assessed in 29 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 29 controls matched for age and gender. |
| 9889 | 8737824 | Analysis revealed no latency differences for the first cortical VEP component (P50) but a steadily increasing latency delay for subsequent VEP (N80, P100, N150, P200) and ERP components (P300) in the IDDM group compared to healthy controls. |
| 9890 | 8737824 | IDDM subjects showed highly significant latency prolongations (p < 0.001) for P100, N150 and P200 and P300 compared with healthy controls. |
| 9891 | 8737824 | Visual evoked sensory (VEP) and event-related potentials (ERP) were assessed in 29 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 29 controls matched for age and gender. |
| 9892 | 8737824 | Analysis revealed no latency differences for the first cortical VEP component (P50) but a steadily increasing latency delay for subsequent VEP (N80, P100, N150, P200) and ERP components (P300) in the IDDM group compared to healthy controls. |
| 9893 | 8737824 | IDDM subjects showed highly significant latency prolongations (p < 0.001) for P100, N150 and P200 and P300 compared with healthy controls. |
| 9894 | 8737824 | Visual evoked sensory (VEP) and event-related potentials (ERP) were assessed in 29 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 29 controls matched for age and gender. |
| 9895 | 8737824 | Analysis revealed no latency differences for the first cortical VEP component (P50) but a steadily increasing latency delay for subsequent VEP (N80, P100, N150, P200) and ERP components (P300) in the IDDM group compared to healthy controls. |
| 9896 | 8737824 | IDDM subjects showed highly significant latency prolongations (p < 0.001) for P100, N150 and P200 and P300 compared with healthy controls. |
| 9897 | 8738170 | The encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus-induced diabetes-like syndrome in mouse inbred strains was used as a model to study the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9898 | 8738972 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that shows many of the characteristics of human IDDM. |
| 9899 | 8738975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic autoimmune disease and spontaneously develops in NOD mice and humans. |
| 9900 | 8739168 | The relationship between clinical attachment loss and the duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children and adolescents. |
| 9901 | 8739282 | The aim of the study is to determine the status of urinary NAG excretion in Chinese children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but without any clinical evidence of nephropathy, and to try to find the possible associated factors of such tubular injury if any. |
| 9902 | 8739919 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), microalbuminuria predicts renal and cardiovascular disease. |
| 9903 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9904 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9905 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9906 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9907 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9908 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9909 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9910 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9911 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9912 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9913 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9914 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9915 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9916 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9917 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9918 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9919 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9920 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9921 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9922 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9923 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9924 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9925 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9926 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9927 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9928 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9929 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9930 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9931 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9932 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9933 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9934 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9935 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9936 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9937 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9938 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9939 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9940 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9941 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9942 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9943 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9944 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9945 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9946 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9947 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9948 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9949 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9950 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9951 | 8739920 | Diabetes susceptibility at IDDM2 cannot be positively mapped to the VNTR locus of the insulin gene. |
| 9952 | 8739920 | An inconsistency has come to light between the conclusion of Lucassen et al. that IDDM2 (11p15.5) must lie within a 4.1 kilobase (kb) segment at the insulin (INS) locus and their own data showing statistically significant associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and markers beyond the boundaries of that segment. |
| 9953 | 8739920 | We present data from an independent study of 201 IDDM patients and 107 non-diabetic control subjects that also show significant association with a marker 5' of the INS locus. |
| 9954 | 8739920 | Patients and control subjects were genotyped at INS/+ 1140 A/C (a surrogate for the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism in the regulatory part of the INS gene) and a marker 5' of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene, TH/pINS500-RsaI, making it 10 kb 5' of the VNTR. |
| 9955 | 8739920 | Homozygotes for INS/ + 1140 allele '+' were significantly more frequent among IDDM patients than among control subjects (73 vs 45%, p < 0.001) giving an odds ratio of 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.0-5.3). |
| 9956 | 8739920 | By multilocus analysis, the TH/RsaI allele '+' identified a subset of INS/ + 1140 alleles '+' haplotypes that are more specifically associated with IDDM (odds ratio = 5.4, 95%CI 2.9-10.4) than allele + 1140 '+' as a whole. |
| 9957 | 8739920 | In conclusion, the segment of chromosome 11 that is associated with IDDM spans, at least, the INS and TH loci. |
| 9958 | 8739920 | No legitimate claim can be made that IDDM2 corresponds to the VNTR polymorphism at the INS locus until the correct boundaries for IDDM2 have been defined and other loci within them have been excluded as determinants of IDDM. |
| 9959 | 8740397 | Pancreatic amylase and lipase activities were measured in sera of 307 Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (IDDM) at clinical onset, 303 nondiabetic siblings of registered patients, and 207 control subjects under age 40 years. |
| 9960 | 8741811 | To test this hypothesis the effect of insulin therapy on blood glucose, body composition, and lipid levels was measured during 6 months in 9 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 patients with non-insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetes (NIDDM) and secondary failure of therapy with oral hypoglycaemic agents. |
| 9961 | 8741811 | In conclusion, insulin therapy is associated with weight gain in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9962 | 8741811 | To test this hypothesis the effect of insulin therapy on blood glucose, body composition, and lipid levels was measured during 6 months in 9 patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 patients with non-insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetes (NIDDM) and secondary failure of therapy with oral hypoglycaemic agents. |
| 9963 | 8741811 | In conclusion, insulin therapy is associated with weight gain in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 9964 | 8743289 | Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and the neurological disorder Stiff-Man-Syndrome (SMS). |
| 9965 | 8743289 | We derived a human monoclonal autoantibody (MICA 2) from peripheral blood of a patient newly diagnosed with IDDM, which reacted with GAD65 in Western blots. |
| 9966 | 8743289 | A sequence homology with human heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) maps to this region of GAD65 but no cross-reactivity of MICA 2 with HSP60 occurred. |
| 9967 | 8743289 | Our data demonstrate that reactivity of an antibody in Western blots does not necessarily define a classic linear epitope of 6-8 amino acids and describe a new autoreactive epitope in GAD65 different from those reported for sera from patients with SMS. |
| 9968 | 8743289 | Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and the neurological disorder Stiff-Man-Syndrome (SMS). |
| 9969 | 8743289 | We derived a human monoclonal autoantibody (MICA 2) from peripheral blood of a patient newly diagnosed with IDDM, which reacted with GAD65 in Western blots. |
| 9970 | 8743289 | A sequence homology with human heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) maps to this region of GAD65 but no cross-reactivity of MICA 2 with HSP60 occurred. |
| 9971 | 8743289 | Our data demonstrate that reactivity of an antibody in Western blots does not necessarily define a classic linear epitope of 6-8 amino acids and describe a new autoreactive epitope in GAD65 different from those reported for sera from patients with SMS. |
| 9972 | 8746789 | Recombinant human transforming growth factor beta does not inhibit the effects of interleukin-1 beta on pancreatic islet cells. |
| 9973 | 8746789 | The macrophage-derived cytokine, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), has been implicated to play an important role in the autoimmune beta cell lesion of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) because of its inhibition of insulin secretion, direct cytotoxicity, and alteration of islet cell antigen expression. |
| 9974 | 8746789 | Because transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) has been reported to inhibit IL-1 receptor expression in several lymphoid and progenitor cell lines, to induce IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) production in human peripheral blood monocytes, and to antagonize several effects of inflammatory cytokines and because oral tolerance may be mediated in part by TGF-beta released by regulatory T lymphocytes, we investigated whether TGF-beta counteracted the effects of IL-1 beta on islet cells. |
| 9975 | 8746789 | Islets isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats were cultured with or without recombinant human IL-1 beta and TGF-beta. |
| 9976 | 8746789 | Accumulated insulin secretion, cytokine-induced cytotoxicity, and islet cell expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65) and heat-shock protein 70 (HSP-70) were measured in this study. |
| 9977 | 8746789 | We found that (1) IL-1 beta at 50 and 100 pg/ml inhibited insulin secretion by 41.9 +/- 14.8 and 52.6 +/- 3.5% and induced cytotoxicity by 46.5 +/- 17.3 and 54.1 +/- 6.1%, respectively. |
| 9978 | 8746789 | IL-1 beta at 1000 pg/ml significantly increased HSP-70 expression and decreased GAD-65 expression. (2) TGF-beta at 0.1, 1, 10, and 40 ng/ml had no significant effect on insulin secretion and did not induce cytotoxicity, TGF-beta at 40 ng/ml had no effect on the expression of either HSP-70 or GAD-65. (3) In combination, TGF-beta at 1, 10, and 40 ng/ml did not antagonize the IL-1 beta (50 and 100 pg/ml)-induced inhibition of insulin secretion or cytotoxicity; TGF-beta (40 ng/ml) did not block the effects of IL-1 beta (1000 pg/ml) on HSP-70 or GAD-65 expression. |
| 9979 | 8746789 | In conclusion, recombinant human TGF-beta does not counteract these effects of recombinant human IL-1 beta on rat pancreatic islet cells. |
| 9980 | 8747721 | Circulating lymphocyte subset imbalance is associated with type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9981 | 8747721 | Total B lymphocytes, CD19+ cells, was increased in IDDM patients (P = 0.001), but was comparable to controls in IDDM patients' first-degree relatives. |
| 9982 | 8747721 | No quantitative abnormality was demonstrated in CD4+ cells in IDDM patients; however, these cells were higher in their first-degree relatives (P = 0.0089). |
| 9983 | 8747721 | Suppressor T lymphocytes, CD8+ cells, in first-degree relatives and controls were not significantly different; however, these cells were significantly reduced in IDDM patients (P = 0.001). |
| 9984 | 8747721 | The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was higher in IDDM patients and their first-degree relatives compared to controls (P = 0.0007 and 0.0103, respectively). |
| 9985 | 8747721 | However, no relationship was found in the levels of CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells in patients possessing either DR3 or DR4. |
| 9986 | 8747721 | Circulating lymphocyte subset imbalance is associated with type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9987 | 8747721 | Total B lymphocytes, CD19+ cells, was increased in IDDM patients (P = 0.001), but was comparable to controls in IDDM patients' first-degree relatives. |
| 9988 | 8747721 | No quantitative abnormality was demonstrated in CD4+ cells in IDDM patients; however, these cells were higher in their first-degree relatives (P = 0.0089). |
| 9989 | 8747721 | Suppressor T lymphocytes, CD8+ cells, in first-degree relatives and controls were not significantly different; however, these cells were significantly reduced in IDDM patients (P = 0.001). |
| 9990 | 8747721 | The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was higher in IDDM patients and their first-degree relatives compared to controls (P = 0.0007 and 0.0103, respectively). |
| 9991 | 8747721 | However, no relationship was found in the levels of CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells in patients possessing either DR3 or DR4. |
| 9992 | 8747721 | Circulating lymphocyte subset imbalance is associated with type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9993 | 8747721 | Total B lymphocytes, CD19+ cells, was increased in IDDM patients (P = 0.001), but was comparable to controls in IDDM patients' first-degree relatives. |
| 9994 | 8747721 | No quantitative abnormality was demonstrated in CD4+ cells in IDDM patients; however, these cells were higher in their first-degree relatives (P = 0.0089). |
| 9995 | 8747721 | Suppressor T lymphocytes, CD8+ cells, in first-degree relatives and controls were not significantly different; however, these cells were significantly reduced in IDDM patients (P = 0.001). |
| 9996 | 8747721 | The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was higher in IDDM patients and their first-degree relatives compared to controls (P = 0.0007 and 0.0103, respectively). |
| 9997 | 8747721 | However, no relationship was found in the levels of CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells in patients possessing either DR3 or DR4. |
| 9998 | 8747721 | Circulating lymphocyte subset imbalance is associated with type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 9999 | 8747721 | Total B lymphocytes, CD19+ cells, was increased in IDDM patients (P = 0.001), but was comparable to controls in IDDM patients' first-degree relatives. |
| 10000 | 8747721 | No quantitative abnormality was demonstrated in CD4+ cells in IDDM patients; however, these cells were higher in their first-degree relatives (P = 0.0089). |
| 10001 | 8747721 | Suppressor T lymphocytes, CD8+ cells, in first-degree relatives and controls were not significantly different; however, these cells were significantly reduced in IDDM patients (P = 0.001). |
| 10002 | 8747721 | The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was higher in IDDM patients and their first-degree relatives compared to controls (P = 0.0007 and 0.0103, respectively). |
| 10003 | 8747721 | However, no relationship was found in the levels of CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells in patients possessing either DR3 or DR4. |
| 10004 | 8747721 | Circulating lymphocyte subset imbalance is associated with type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10005 | 8747721 | Total B lymphocytes, CD19+ cells, was increased in IDDM patients (P = 0.001), but was comparable to controls in IDDM patients' first-degree relatives. |
| 10006 | 8747721 | No quantitative abnormality was demonstrated in CD4+ cells in IDDM patients; however, these cells were higher in their first-degree relatives (P = 0.0089). |
| 10007 | 8747721 | Suppressor T lymphocytes, CD8+ cells, in first-degree relatives and controls were not significantly different; however, these cells were significantly reduced in IDDM patients (P = 0.001). |
| 10008 | 8747721 | The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ cells was higher in IDDM patients and their first-degree relatives compared to controls (P = 0.0007 and 0.0103, respectively). |
| 10009 | 8747721 | However, no relationship was found in the levels of CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells in patients possessing either DR3 or DR4. |
| 10010 | 8750216 | The cost of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in England and Wales. |
| 10011 | 8750216 | This study estimates the direct health and social care costs of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in England and Wales in 1992 to be 96 million pounds, or 1021 pounds per person in a population with IDDM estimated at 94,000 individuals. |
| 10012 | 8750216 | The cost of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in England and Wales. |
| 10013 | 8750216 | This study estimates the direct health and social care costs of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in England and Wales in 1992 to be 96 million pounds, or 1021 pounds per person in a population with IDDM estimated at 94,000 individuals. |
| 10014 | 8750785 | The influence of diabetic nephropathy on urinary glycosaminoglycan distribution was assessed in 96 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, 49 female, age: 16 - 64 yrs, median 35; duration of IDDM: 0 - 43 yrs, median 13 yrs) in comparison to 103 healthy controls (57 female, 17 - 82 yrs, median 40 yrs). |
| 10015 | 8755935 | We have analyzed immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable-region (VH) polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by using a set of polymorphic loci that span approximately 1,000 kb of the VH region on chromosome 14q32. |
| 10016 | 8755935 | When the IDDM cases were stratified by presence or absence of the high-risk HLA-DQB1*0302 allele, no differences in VH genotype frequencies were observed between the 0302-positive and 0302-negative cases. |
| 10017 | 8755935 | We have analyzed immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable-region (VH) polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by using a set of polymorphic loci that span approximately 1,000 kb of the VH region on chromosome 14q32. |
| 10018 | 8755935 | When the IDDM cases were stratified by presence or absence of the high-risk HLA-DQB1*0302 allele, no differences in VH genotype frequencies were observed between the 0302-positive and 0302-negative cases. |
| 10019 | 8760354 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease in which cytokines are thought to play an important role in beta-cell destruction and immune regulation. |
| 10020 | 8760354 | A major target of beta-cell autoimmunity in IDDM is the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 10021 | 8760354 | Accordingly we cultured rat islets in the presence and absence of cytokines, and measured synthesis of both isoforms of GAD, GAD65 and GAD67, by [35S]methionine incorporation and immunoprecipitation with a rabbit antiserum that recognizes both GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 10022 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets with interleukin (IL)-1 beta (1 ng/ml, 24 h), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha; 200 units/ml, 24 h) or interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; 500 units/ml, 72 h) significantly decreased the synthesis of both GAD65 and GAD67, but reduced neither total protein synthesis nor insulin accumulation in the medium or content. |
| 10023 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets for 24 h in IFN-alpha (1000 units/ml), TNF-beta (50 ng/ml), IL 2 (1000 units/ml), IL-4 (100 ng/ml), IL-6 (10 ng/ml), IL-10 (20 ng/ml), IL-12 (10 ng/ml) or transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-beta 2; 5 ng/ml) did not significantly alter GAD65 or GAD67 synthesis. |
| 10024 | 8760354 | Inhibition of GAD65 and GAD67 protein synthesis by IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma was reversed by co-incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl arginine (NMMA). |
| 10025 | 8760354 | Expression of both GAD65 and GAD67 mRNA, measured by RNase protection assay, was also decreased by IL-1 beta and completely restored to baseline levels by NMMA. |
| 10026 | 8760354 | Thus the synthesis of both isoforms of islet GAD is selectively decreased in the presence of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma by a NO-mediated mechanism, probably at the level of cytokine gene transcription. |
| 10027 | 8760354 | As GAD autoimmunity has been previously shown to have a pathogenic role in an animal model of IDDM, its inhibition by cytokines might limit the immune response, thereby regulating the rate of beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 10028 | 8760354 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease in which cytokines are thought to play an important role in beta-cell destruction and immune regulation. |
| 10029 | 8760354 | A major target of beta-cell autoimmunity in IDDM is the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 10030 | 8760354 | Accordingly we cultured rat islets in the presence and absence of cytokines, and measured synthesis of both isoforms of GAD, GAD65 and GAD67, by [35S]methionine incorporation and immunoprecipitation with a rabbit antiserum that recognizes both GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 10031 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets with interleukin (IL)-1 beta (1 ng/ml, 24 h), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha; 200 units/ml, 24 h) or interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; 500 units/ml, 72 h) significantly decreased the synthesis of both GAD65 and GAD67, but reduced neither total protein synthesis nor insulin accumulation in the medium or content. |
| 10032 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets for 24 h in IFN-alpha (1000 units/ml), TNF-beta (50 ng/ml), IL 2 (1000 units/ml), IL-4 (100 ng/ml), IL-6 (10 ng/ml), IL-10 (20 ng/ml), IL-12 (10 ng/ml) or transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-beta 2; 5 ng/ml) did not significantly alter GAD65 or GAD67 synthesis. |
| 10033 | 8760354 | Inhibition of GAD65 and GAD67 protein synthesis by IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma was reversed by co-incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl arginine (NMMA). |
| 10034 | 8760354 | Expression of both GAD65 and GAD67 mRNA, measured by RNase protection assay, was also decreased by IL-1 beta and completely restored to baseline levels by NMMA. |
| 10035 | 8760354 | Thus the synthesis of both isoforms of islet GAD is selectively decreased in the presence of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma by a NO-mediated mechanism, probably at the level of cytokine gene transcription. |
| 10036 | 8760354 | As GAD autoimmunity has been previously shown to have a pathogenic role in an animal model of IDDM, its inhibition by cytokines might limit the immune response, thereby regulating the rate of beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 10037 | 8760354 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease in which cytokines are thought to play an important role in beta-cell destruction and immune regulation. |
| 10038 | 8760354 | A major target of beta-cell autoimmunity in IDDM is the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 10039 | 8760354 | Accordingly we cultured rat islets in the presence and absence of cytokines, and measured synthesis of both isoforms of GAD, GAD65 and GAD67, by [35S]methionine incorporation and immunoprecipitation with a rabbit antiserum that recognizes both GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 10040 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets with interleukin (IL)-1 beta (1 ng/ml, 24 h), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha; 200 units/ml, 24 h) or interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; 500 units/ml, 72 h) significantly decreased the synthesis of both GAD65 and GAD67, but reduced neither total protein synthesis nor insulin accumulation in the medium or content. |
| 10041 | 8760354 | Incubation of islets for 24 h in IFN-alpha (1000 units/ml), TNF-beta (50 ng/ml), IL 2 (1000 units/ml), IL-4 (100 ng/ml), IL-6 (10 ng/ml), IL-10 (20 ng/ml), IL-12 (10 ng/ml) or transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-beta 2; 5 ng/ml) did not significantly alter GAD65 or GAD67 synthesis. |
| 10042 | 8760354 | Inhibition of GAD65 and GAD67 protein synthesis by IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma was reversed by co-incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-monomethyl arginine (NMMA). |
| 10043 | 8760354 | Expression of both GAD65 and GAD67 mRNA, measured by RNase protection assay, was also decreased by IL-1 beta and completely restored to baseline levels by NMMA. |
| 10044 | 8760354 | Thus the synthesis of both isoforms of islet GAD is selectively decreased in the presence of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma by a NO-mediated mechanism, probably at the level of cytokine gene transcription. |
| 10045 | 8760354 | As GAD autoimmunity has been previously shown to have a pathogenic role in an animal model of IDDM, its inhibition by cytokines might limit the immune response, thereby regulating the rate of beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 10046 | 8762647 | Several studies have shown that patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have reduced bone mass. |
| 10047 | 8764139 | Tyrosine kinase inhibitors prevent cytokine-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 by human islets. |
| 10048 | 8764139 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by selective destruction of insulin-secreting beta-cells. |
| 10049 | 8764139 | In this study, the effects of cytokines on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) by human islets were examined. |
| 10050 | 8764139 | In combination, the cytokines, human recombinant interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and human recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), induce the time-dependent formation of nitrite and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by human islets. |
| 10051 | 8764139 | This combination of cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma) also induces the expression of iNOS mRNA by human islets as demonstrated by both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Northern blot analysis. |
| 10052 | 8764139 | We further show that the tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and herbimycin A prevent IL-1 beta plus IFN-gamma-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS and the production of PGE2 and nitric oxide by human islets. |
| 10053 | 8764139 | These results demonstrate that cytokines induce the expression of iNOS and COX-2 by human islets and that cytokine-induced expression of both COX-2 and iNOS by human islets appears to require the activation of a tyrosine kinase(s). |
| 10054 | 8764603 | Diabetic encephalopathy, characterized by structural, electrophysiological, neurochemical, and cognitive abnormalities, is observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-IDDM (NIDDM). |
| 10055 | 8764603 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are neurotrophic factors that recently have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. |
| 10056 | 8764603 | Because IGF-II is the predominant IGF in adult brain, we tested the hypothesis that IGF-II gene expression is decreased in the CNS in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 10057 | 8764603 | Brain and spinal cord were isolated from streptozotocin-diabetic rats, a model of IDDM with weight loss and impaired insulin production. |
| 10058 | 8764603 | Insulin replacement therapy partially restored IGF-II mRNA levels in brain, cortex, medulla, and spinal cord. |
| 10059 | 8764603 | Diabetic encephalopathy, characterized by structural, electrophysiological, neurochemical, and cognitive abnormalities, is observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-IDDM (NIDDM). |
| 10060 | 8764603 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are neurotrophic factors that recently have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. |
| 10061 | 8764603 | Because IGF-II is the predominant IGF in adult brain, we tested the hypothesis that IGF-II gene expression is decreased in the CNS in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 10062 | 8764603 | Brain and spinal cord were isolated from streptozotocin-diabetic rats, a model of IDDM with weight loss and impaired insulin production. |
| 10063 | 8764603 | Insulin replacement therapy partially restored IGF-II mRNA levels in brain, cortex, medulla, and spinal cord. |
| 10064 | 8764603 | Diabetic encephalopathy, characterized by structural, electrophysiological, neurochemical, and cognitive abnormalities, is observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-IDDM (NIDDM). |
| 10065 | 8764603 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are neurotrophic factors that recently have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. |
| 10066 | 8764603 | Because IGF-II is the predominant IGF in adult brain, we tested the hypothesis that IGF-II gene expression is decreased in the CNS in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 10067 | 8764603 | Brain and spinal cord were isolated from streptozotocin-diabetic rats, a model of IDDM with weight loss and impaired insulin production. |
| 10068 | 8764603 | Insulin replacement therapy partially restored IGF-II mRNA levels in brain, cortex, medulla, and spinal cord. |
| 10069 | 8767172 | Recombinant IGF-I therapy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10070 | 8767172 | Recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF) has both anabolic and insulin-like effects. |
| 10071 | 8767172 | In adolescent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the GH/IGF-I axis is abnormal, with elevation of growth hormone (GH) secretion and subnormal IGF-I levels. |
| 10072 | 8767172 | These preliminary studies suggest that rhIGF-I given in conjunction with regular insulin therapy may reverse abnormalities in the GH/IGF-I axis and therefore contribute to improvement of glycaemic control in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 10073 | 8767172 | Recombinant IGF-I therapy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10074 | 8767172 | Recombinant insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF) has both anabolic and insulin-like effects. |
| 10075 | 8767172 | In adolescent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the GH/IGF-I axis is abnormal, with elevation of growth hormone (GH) secretion and subnormal IGF-I levels. |
| 10076 | 8767172 | These preliminary studies suggest that rhIGF-I given in conjunction with regular insulin therapy may reverse abnormalities in the GH/IGF-I axis and therefore contribute to improvement of glycaemic control in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 10077 | 8769346 | The concentration of Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and Na,K-ATPase-dependent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) turnover was measured in fasting blood samples of 20 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 22 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 20 nondiabetic subjects. [3H]ouabain binding was used to determine Na,K-ATPase concentration. |
| 10078 | 8769365 | A detailed analysis of postprandial changes in the size, density, composition, and relative proportion of the major high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, HDL2 and HDL3, was performed in seven normolipidemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in moderate glycemic control and seven age-, sex-, and weight-matched healthy nondiabetic controls. |
| 10079 | 8769365 | IDDM subjects received an overnight insulin infusion to maintain euglycemia, with an incremental increase in the insulin infusion rate at the time of the test meal (containing 60 g fat/m2). |
| 10080 | 8769365 | The composition of HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 was significantly altered in the postprandial state in IDDM subjects and controls with an increase in triglyceride content at 4 to 8 hours and a reciprocal decrease in cholesteryl ester, reflecting exchange of lipid constituents of HDL with triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. |
| 10081 | 8769365 | A detailed analysis of postprandial changes in the size, density, composition, and relative proportion of the major high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, HDL2 and HDL3, was performed in seven normolipidemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in moderate glycemic control and seven age-, sex-, and weight-matched healthy nondiabetic controls. |
| 10082 | 8769365 | IDDM subjects received an overnight insulin infusion to maintain euglycemia, with an incremental increase in the insulin infusion rate at the time of the test meal (containing 60 g fat/m2). |
| 10083 | 8769365 | The composition of HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 was significantly altered in the postprandial state in IDDM subjects and controls with an increase in triglyceride content at 4 to 8 hours and a reciprocal decrease in cholesteryl ester, reflecting exchange of lipid constituents of HDL with triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. |
| 10084 | 8769365 | A detailed analysis of postprandial changes in the size, density, composition, and relative proportion of the major high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, HDL2 and HDL3, was performed in seven normolipidemic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in moderate glycemic control and seven age-, sex-, and weight-matched healthy nondiabetic controls. |
| 10085 | 8769365 | IDDM subjects received an overnight insulin infusion to maintain euglycemia, with an incremental increase in the insulin infusion rate at the time of the test meal (containing 60 g fat/m2). |
| 10086 | 8769365 | The composition of HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 was significantly altered in the postprandial state in IDDM subjects and controls with an increase in triglyceride content at 4 to 8 hours and a reciprocal decrease in cholesteryl ester, reflecting exchange of lipid constituents of HDL with triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins. |
| 10087 | 8770022 | The effects of physiological increments in epinephrine and insulin on glucose production (GP), skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism, and substrate oxidation were studied in eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine control subjects. |
| 10088 | 8770022 | In contrast, GP increased in IDDM subjects (P < 0.02) but remained suppressed by insulin in controls. |
| 10089 | 8770022 | The effects of physiological increments in epinephrine and insulin on glucose production (GP), skeletal muscle glycogen metabolism, and substrate oxidation were studied in eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nine control subjects. |
| 10090 | 8770022 | In contrast, GP increased in IDDM subjects (P < 0.02) but remained suppressed by insulin in controls. |
| 10091 | 8770634 | HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 genes were analyzed in 98 Chinese IDDM patients and 205 control subjects from Taiwan. |
| 10092 | 8771660 | Na+/H+ countertransport speed in red cells of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) patients was studied. |
| 10093 | 8772487 | We studied subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and controls by administering primed continuous infusions of L-[1-13C,15N)]leucine and L-[2,3-13C2]alanine to measure whole body and forearm metabolism of these amino acids during ample protein intake and again after 4 wk of moderately restricted protein intake. |
| 10094 | 8772580 | Amylin has been reported to decrease glycogen storage in rodent skeletal muscles and produce insulin resistance in intact rats. |
| 10095 | 8772580 | To test the acute effect of a human amylin analog (AC137) on glucose metabolism in man, seven IDDM patients were infused in a randomized, double blind, cross-over study with AC137 (100 micrograms/h, n = 1; 50 micrograms/h, n = 6) or placebo for 330 min during a two-step euglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rates, 0.2 and 0.6 mU/kg.min; basal and hyperinsulinemic period, respectively) followed by a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rate, 1.5 mU/kg.min; hypoglycemic period). |
| 10096 | 8772714 | IDDM (type I diabetes) is generally believed to result from T-cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 10097 | 8772714 | In the last few years, considerable progress has been made with regard to the identification and characterization of candidate autoantigens recognized by autoantibodies; several of these candidate autoantigens are recognized by T-cells, including insulin, GAD65 and GAD67, heat-shock protein 65 (hsp65), and islet-cell antigen 69 (ICA69). |
| 10098 | 8772714 | In addition to these, a number of unidentified beta-cell antigens, including insulin-secretory granule membrane proteins and a 38-kDa protein, have been shown to stimulate T-cells of IDDM patients. |
| 10099 | 8772714 | IDDM (type I diabetes) is generally believed to result from T-cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 10100 | 8772714 | In the last few years, considerable progress has been made with regard to the identification and characterization of candidate autoantigens recognized by autoantibodies; several of these candidate autoantigens are recognized by T-cells, including insulin, GAD65 and GAD67, heat-shock protein 65 (hsp65), and islet-cell antigen 69 (ICA69). |
| 10101 | 8772714 | In addition to these, a number of unidentified beta-cell antigens, including insulin-secretory granule membrane proteins and a 38-kDa protein, have been shown to stimulate T-cells of IDDM patients. |
| 10102 | 8773316 | The aim of this study was to determine the association between childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA-DR4 subtypes and to test in a population-based investigation whether the DR4 association has an effect independent to that of DQ. |
| 10103 | 8773324 | Distribution of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Senegalese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10104 | 8773324 | Transracial analysis is one method for distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA II alleles from those related to linkage disequilibrium. |
| 10105 | 8773324 | In this study, we compared the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in Senegalese IDDM and control subjects. |
| 10106 | 8773324 | Distribution of HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles and DQA1-DQB1 genotypes among Senegalese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10107 | 8773324 | Transracial analysis is one method for distinguishing primary associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and HLA II alleles from those related to linkage disequilibrium. |
| 10108 | 8773324 | In this study, we compared the frequencies of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in Senegalese IDDM and control subjects. |
| 10109 | 8776066 | In these patients, adolescent diabetes appeared heterogeneous, comprising classical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in approximately 80%; the remaining fraction (20%) was contributed variably by malnutrition-related diabetes (MRDM) and an "atypical" form of IDDM. |
| 10110 | 8777337 | Three volunteer patients [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), insulin requiring non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY)] threatened with blindness due to progressive PDR were treated with alpha interferon for 4 months and were evaluated at intervals of 1-2 weeks to monitor the drug effects on carbohydrate tolerance and possible beneficial therapeutic effects on the preexisting PDR. |
| 10111 | 8777337 | Metabolic studies included basal and postsustacal glucose, c-peptide and glucagon, fasting serum cortisol, free fatty acids, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, and urinary microalbumin excretion. |
| 10112 | 8777718 | Rapid IDDM was associated with increased numbers of anti-self CTL and a predominance of IFN gamma produced by islet-infiltrating lymphocytes, whereas single transgenic RIP-NP littermates with slow-onset IDDM displayed less anti-self CTL and more IL-4- and IL-10-producing T lymphocytes in pancreatic infiltrates. |
| 10113 | 8778000 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a pathological increase in cholesteryl ester transfer (CET) that enriches the apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins with cholesteryl ester and increases their atherogenicity. |
| 10114 | 8778001 | Effect of 14 days' subcutaneous administration of the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (AC137), on an intravenous insulin challenge and response to a standard liquid meal in patients with IDDM. |
| 10115 | 8778001 | Individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type 1 diabetes) are deficient in both insulin and amylin, peptides secreted by the beta cell. |
| 10116 | 8778001 | We have investigated the effects of amylin replacement therapy employing the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (25, 28, 29-pro-human amylin, previously referred to as AC137), upon the responses to a standardized insulin infusion (40 mU. kg-1. h-1) for 100 min and a liquid Sustacal meal (360 kcal) in 84 healthy IDDM patients. |
| 10117 | 8778001 | Effect of 14 days' subcutaneous administration of the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (AC137), on an intravenous insulin challenge and response to a standard liquid meal in patients with IDDM. |
| 10118 | 8778001 | Individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type 1 diabetes) are deficient in both insulin and amylin, peptides secreted by the beta cell. |
| 10119 | 8778001 | We have investigated the effects of amylin replacement therapy employing the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (25, 28, 29-pro-human amylin, previously referred to as AC137), upon the responses to a standardized insulin infusion (40 mU. kg-1. h-1) for 100 min and a liquid Sustacal meal (360 kcal) in 84 healthy IDDM patients. |
| 10120 | 8778001 | Effect of 14 days' subcutaneous administration of the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (AC137), on an intravenous insulin challenge and response to a standard liquid meal in patients with IDDM. |
| 10121 | 8778001 | Individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM or type 1 diabetes) are deficient in both insulin and amylin, peptides secreted by the beta cell. |
| 10122 | 8778001 | We have investigated the effects of amylin replacement therapy employing the human amylin analogue, pramlintide (25, 28, 29-pro-human amylin, previously referred to as AC137), upon the responses to a standardized insulin infusion (40 mU. kg-1. h-1) for 100 min and a liquid Sustacal meal (360 kcal) in 84 healthy IDDM patients. |
| 10123 | 8779696 | The humoral immune response to islet autoantigens, here defined by the presence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) antibodies, was studied in patients with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) receiving immunosuppressive therapy following kidney and islet-after-kidney transplantation. |
| 10124 | 8779696 | In a cross-sectional study of 30 kidney-grafted, long-term IDDM patients and 30 matched, nontransplanted IDDM controls, we observed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in ICA positivity by standard immunosuppressive therapy, but not in frequency or index levels of GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 10125 | 8779696 | The humoral immune response to islet autoantigens, here defined by the presence of islet cell antibodies (ICA) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) antibodies, was studied in patients with long-term insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) receiving immunosuppressive therapy following kidney and islet-after-kidney transplantation. |
| 10126 | 8779696 | In a cross-sectional study of 30 kidney-grafted, long-term IDDM patients and 30 matched, nontransplanted IDDM controls, we observed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in ICA positivity by standard immunosuppressive therapy, but not in frequency or index levels of GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 10127 | 8780373 | Weight gain is an important consequence of the intensive treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10128 | 8781292 | We measured plasma met-enkephalin (met-Enk) levels in eight neuropathic (four with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM] and four with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]) and eight nonneuropathic (four IDDM and four NIDDM) diabetic patients to study met-Enk secretion in diabetic patients with asymptomatic autonomic neuropathy. |
| 10129 | 8781297 | Apolipoprotein B independently predicts progression of very-low-level albuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10130 | 8781297 | The purpose of the study was to examine the contribution of alterations in lipoprotein metabolism to the progression of very-low-level albuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10131 | 8781297 | In multiple linear regression analysis, serum apo B (P < .05) and glycated hemoglobin ([HbA] P < .05) at baseline were significant independent predictors of the increase in albuminuria, with no significant associations found for sex, smoking, duration of diabetes, mean arterial blood pressure (BP), or family history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension; the regression model predicted 42% of the variation in UA/UC at 10 years. |
| 10132 | 8781716 | GM and KM immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes and their interactions with HLA antigens have been analyzed in various autoimmune diseases: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus, coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, Graves' disease, atrophic thyroiditis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, chronic active hepatitis, alopecia areata, uveitis, vitiligo, Turner's syndrome, glomerular nephritis, Berger's disease and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. |
| 10133 | 8781764 | In order to determine the possible influence of C-peptide on nerve function, 12 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with symptoms of diabetic polyneuropathy were studied twice under euglycaemic conditions. |
| 10134 | 8781767 | The aim of this population-based, one-to-one matched-pair case-control study was to evaluate the factors concerning the markedly increased risk for dying among Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from a social and behavioural perspective. |
| 10135 | 8781768 | An increased activity of Na+/H+ antiport has been reported in leukocytes and fibroblasts from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy. |
| 10136 | 8783762 | Atypical and relatively silent forms of coeliac disease (CD) have been described in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10137 | 8783762 | Determination of IgA and IgG antigliadin antibodies (AGA) and IgA antiendomysium antibodies (AEA) was made. |
| 10138 | 8785467 | Inhibition of angiotensin II and potentiation of bradykinin have both been postulated to be major mechanisms in mediating the effects of ACE inhibitors. |
| 10139 | 8785467 | Clinical studies have indicated that these agents postpone end-stage renal failure in macroproteinuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10140 | 8785467 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, ACE inhibitors have been shown to decrease albuminuria and to retard the development of overt renal disease. |
| 10141 | 8785467 | Inhibition of angiotensin II and potentiation of bradykinin have both been postulated to be major mechanisms in mediating the effects of ACE inhibitors. |
| 10142 | 8785467 | Clinical studies have indicated that these agents postpone end-stage renal failure in macroproteinuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10143 | 8785467 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, ACE inhibitors have been shown to decrease albuminuria and to retard the development of overt renal disease. |
| 10144 | 8786014 | Severe hypoglycaemia with cognitive dysfunction is 3 times more common in intensively, rather than conventionally, treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10145 | 8786014 | There were no changes in symptoms or counterregulatory hormones and four-choice reaction time was stable during 220 min of euglycaemic insulin clamping in five men with IDDM, with a coefficient of variation of less than 2.2% (1% for accuracy) for the cognitive function test. |
| 10146 | 8786014 | Severe hypoglycaemia with cognitive dysfunction is 3 times more common in intensively, rather than conventionally, treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10147 | 8786014 | There were no changes in symptoms or counterregulatory hormones and four-choice reaction time was stable during 220 min of euglycaemic insulin clamping in five men with IDDM, with a coefficient of variation of less than 2.2% (1% for accuracy) for the cognitive function test. |
| 10148 | 8786015 | Normolipidaemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients are characterized by an increase in the smaller VLDL particles, considered to be the most atherogenic. |
| 10149 | 8786015 | To evaluate this possibility, VLDL subfractions, post-heparin lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities have been evaluated in male IDDM patients with either unsatisfactory blood glucose control (group 1, HbA1c > 8%, n = 18) or good blood glucose control (group 2, HbA1c < 8%, n = 16) and in 16 normoglycaemic individuals. |
| 10150 | 8786015 | Normolipidaemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients are characterized by an increase in the smaller VLDL particles, considered to be the most atherogenic. |
| 10151 | 8786015 | To evaluate this possibility, VLDL subfractions, post-heparin lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities have been evaluated in male IDDM patients with either unsatisfactory blood glucose control (group 1, HbA1c > 8%, n = 18) or good blood glucose control (group 2, HbA1c < 8%, n = 16) and in 16 normoglycaemic individuals. |
| 10152 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10153 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10154 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10155 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10156 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10157 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10158 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10159 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10160 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10161 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10162 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10163 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10164 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10165 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10166 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10167 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10168 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10169 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10170 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10171 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10172 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10173 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10174 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10175 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10176 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10177 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10178 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10179 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10180 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10181 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10182 | 8786019 | Defective expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 (Fas/APO-1) molecule on T and B cells in IDDM. |
| 10183 | 8786019 | To determine whether a defect involving the CD95 receptor is associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have studied the expression of CD95 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from IDDM patients at different stages of the disease. |
| 10184 | 8786019 | Three-colour flow cytometry and mean fluorescence analysis showed that T and B lymphocytes from newly diagnosed IDDM and patients with long-standing disease, and subjects at high risk of developing the disease were highly defective in CD95 expression (p < 0.001), whereas monocytes from all the groups studied expressed normal amounts of CD95 molecules on their cell surface. |
| 10185 | 8786019 | T-cell subset analysis showed that the impairment of CD95 expression in IDDM patients and high-risk subjects involved both CD3+ CD4+ (p < 0.001) and CD3+ CD8+ cells (p range: < 0.01-0.001), suggesting that this alteration concerns both helper and cytotoxic T cells. |
| 10186 | 8786019 | Moreover, after activation in vitro with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, T cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients maintained a reduced CD95 expression during the entire cell culture period (24-72 h) in comparison to the control population (p < 0.001). |
| 10187 | 8786019 | In conclusion, we found a reduced expression of the apoptosis-inducing CD95 receptor on T and B lymphocytes of individuals with clinical and preclinical IDDM. |
| 10188 | 8786018 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) elevated exchangeable sodium (Na) levels are found even in the absence of hypertension, but it is not known whether this is associated with increased sensitivity of blood pressure to sodium level. |
| 10189 | 8786018 | To clarify this issue we compared 30 patients with IDDM (19 without and 11 with microalbuminuria, i.e. more than 30 mg albumin/day) and 30 control subjects matched for age, gender and body mass index. |
| 10190 | 8786018 | Circadian blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma atrial natriuretic factor (p-ANF), plasma cyclic guanosine 5'-phosphate (p-cGMP) and urinary albumin were measured. |
| 10191 | 8786018 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) elevated exchangeable sodium (Na) levels are found even in the absence of hypertension, but it is not known whether this is associated with increased sensitivity of blood pressure to sodium level. |
| 10192 | 8786018 | To clarify this issue we compared 30 patients with IDDM (19 without and 11 with microalbuminuria, i.e. more than 30 mg albumin/day) and 30 control subjects matched for age, gender and body mass index. |
| 10193 | 8786018 | Circadian blood pressure, plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma atrial natriuretic factor (p-ANF), plasma cyclic guanosine 5'-phosphate (p-cGMP) and urinary albumin were measured. |
| 10194 | 8786731 | Also, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, elevated Lp(a) levels have been reported. |
| 10195 | 8786731 | In our study population, Lp(a) concentration was not significantly correlated with either hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] phenotype. |
| 10196 | 8789138 | Clearly, the maintenance of near normal blood glucose levels remains the prime goal of therapy in both noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) especially in the light of the recent diabetes control and complications trial. |
| 10197 | 8790143 | Other signs of immune dysregulation in this patient consisted of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM) and an acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia, most compatible with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI). |
| 10198 | 8792100 | In addition, increased RBC Na-Li CT has been demonstrated in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy, indicating that a predisposition to hypertension may cause renal damage and impaired renal function. |
| 10199 | 8792100 | These results suggest that an increase of Na-Li CT may not be due to the stimulatory effect of endogenous or exogenous insulin, and reflect a genetic predisposition for hypertension, and hence diabetic nephropathy, not only in IDDM but also NIDDM patients. |
| 10200 | 8792100 | In addition, increased RBC Na-Li CT has been demonstrated in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy, indicating that a predisposition to hypertension may cause renal damage and impaired renal function. |
| 10201 | 8792100 | These results suggest that an increase of Na-Li CT may not be due to the stimulatory effect of endogenous or exogenous insulin, and reflect a genetic predisposition for hypertension, and hence diabetic nephropathy, not only in IDDM but also NIDDM patients. |
| 10202 | 8792828 | Affected sib pair and linkage disequilibrium analysis, intrafamilial and case-control association studies were performed on 81 Danish multiplex insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families (382 individuals) and 82 healthy Danish controls. |
| 10203 | 8792828 | Taken together with our previous findings, our results suggest that three causes of susceptibilities can be discerned in the IDDM patient population: (1) a major susceptibility caused by the HLA-DRB1 alleles; (2) a minor susceptibility caused by the joint action of HLA and other non-HLA gene(s); and (3) a minor susceptibility caused by non-HLA gene(s). |
| 10204 | 8792828 | Affected sib pair and linkage disequilibrium analysis, intrafamilial and case-control association studies were performed on 81 Danish multiplex insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families (382 individuals) and 82 healthy Danish controls. |
| 10205 | 8792828 | Taken together with our previous findings, our results suggest that three causes of susceptibilities can be discerned in the IDDM patient population: (1) a major susceptibility caused by the HLA-DRB1 alleles; (2) a minor susceptibility caused by the joint action of HLA and other non-HLA gene(s); and (3) a minor susceptibility caused by non-HLA gene(s). |
| 10206 | 8793803 | Determinations of the AC ratio in random urine samples are easily obtained and are reliable indices of elevated urinary albumin excretion (microalbuminuria) in IDDM. |
| 10207 | 8795087 | Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) secretion from pancreatic islets isolated from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 10208 | 8795087 | The secretion of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) during the course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is essentially unknown. |
| 10209 | 8795087 | If extrapolated to the early prediabetic phase of human IDDM, this would mean that a relative hypersecretion of insulin in relation to IAPP might occur, due to an increased secretory demand for insulin or due to an intrinsic change in the biology of the secretory cells. |
| 10210 | 8795087 | Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) secretion from pancreatic islets isolated from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 10211 | 8795087 | The secretion of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) during the course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is essentially unknown. |
| 10212 | 8795087 | If extrapolated to the early prediabetic phase of human IDDM, this would mean that a relative hypersecretion of insulin in relation to IAPP might occur, due to an increased secretory demand for insulin or due to an intrinsic change in the biology of the secretory cells. |
| 10213 | 8798755 | Cloning and characterization of islet cell antigen-related protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), a novel receptor-like PTP and autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 10214 | 8798755 | Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel human protein- tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) called islet cell antigen-related PTP (IAR) predicts a receptor-like molecule with an extracellular domain of 614 amino acids containing a hydrophobic signal peptide, one potential N-glycosylation site, and an RGDS peptide which is a possible adhesive recognition sequence. |
| 10215 | 8798755 | The IAR PTP is homologous in its intracellular region to IA-2, a putative PTP that is an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantigen. |
| 10216 | 8798755 | IAR is also reactive with IDDM patient sera. |
| 10217 | 8798755 | IAR and IA-2 may distinguish different populations of IDDM autoantibodies since they identify overlapping but nonidentical sets of IDDM patients. |
| 10218 | 8798755 | Thus IAR is likely to be an islet cell antigen useful in the preclinical screening of individuals for risk of IDDM. |
| 10219 | 8798755 | Cloning and characterization of islet cell antigen-related protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), a novel receptor-like PTP and autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 10220 | 8798755 | Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel human protein- tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) called islet cell antigen-related PTP (IAR) predicts a receptor-like molecule with an extracellular domain of 614 amino acids containing a hydrophobic signal peptide, one potential N-glycosylation site, and an RGDS peptide which is a possible adhesive recognition sequence. |
| 10221 | 8798755 | The IAR PTP is homologous in its intracellular region to IA-2, a putative PTP that is an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantigen. |
| 10222 | 8798755 | IAR is also reactive with IDDM patient sera. |
| 10223 | 8798755 | IAR and IA-2 may distinguish different populations of IDDM autoantibodies since they identify overlapping but nonidentical sets of IDDM patients. |
| 10224 | 8798755 | Thus IAR is likely to be an islet cell antigen useful in the preclinical screening of individuals for risk of IDDM. |
| 10225 | 8798755 | Cloning and characterization of islet cell antigen-related protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), a novel receptor-like PTP and autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 10226 | 8798755 | Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel human protein- tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) called islet cell antigen-related PTP (IAR) predicts a receptor-like molecule with an extracellular domain of 614 amino acids containing a hydrophobic signal peptide, one potential N-glycosylation site, and an RGDS peptide which is a possible adhesive recognition sequence. |
| 10227 | 8798755 | The IAR PTP is homologous in its intracellular region to IA-2, a putative PTP that is an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantigen. |
| 10228 | 8798755 | IAR is also reactive with IDDM patient sera. |
| 10229 | 8798755 | IAR and IA-2 may distinguish different populations of IDDM autoantibodies since they identify overlapping but nonidentical sets of IDDM patients. |
| 10230 | 8798755 | Thus IAR is likely to be an islet cell antigen useful in the preclinical screening of individuals for risk of IDDM. |
| 10231 | 8798755 | Cloning and characterization of islet cell antigen-related protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), a novel receptor-like PTP and autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 10232 | 8798755 | Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel human protein- tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) called islet cell antigen-related PTP (IAR) predicts a receptor-like molecule with an extracellular domain of 614 amino acids containing a hydrophobic signal peptide, one potential N-glycosylation site, and an RGDS peptide which is a possible adhesive recognition sequence. |
| 10233 | 8798755 | The IAR PTP is homologous in its intracellular region to IA-2, a putative PTP that is an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantigen. |
| 10234 | 8798755 | IAR is also reactive with IDDM patient sera. |
| 10235 | 8798755 | IAR and IA-2 may distinguish different populations of IDDM autoantibodies since they identify overlapping but nonidentical sets of IDDM patients. |
| 10236 | 8798755 | Thus IAR is likely to be an islet cell antigen useful in the preclinical screening of individuals for risk of IDDM. |
| 10237 | 8799011 | There was no improvement in the lipids profile over a 1-year period despite achieving good glycaemic control in both the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 10238 | 8799668 | Consensus guidelines for the management of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in childhood and adolescence. |
| 10239 | 8803479 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and pancreatic beta cell secretory function were measured in 39 consecutive Chinese patients with a clinical diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (19 males, mean +/- SD age. 37 +/- 15 years; body mass index (BMI), 22 +/- 4 kg/m2; mean duration of disease, 6.7 +/- 5.6 years). |
| 10240 | 8803479 | IDDM was defined on the basis of acute symptoms with heavy ketonuria (> 3+) or ketoacidosis at diagnosis, or requirement for continuous insulin treatment within one year of diagnosis. |
| 10241 | 8803479 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and pancreatic beta cell secretory function were measured in 39 consecutive Chinese patients with a clinical diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (19 males, mean +/- SD age. 37 +/- 15 years; body mass index (BMI), 22 +/- 4 kg/m2; mean duration of disease, 6.7 +/- 5.6 years). |
| 10242 | 8803479 | IDDM was defined on the basis of acute symptoms with heavy ketonuria (> 3+) or ketoacidosis at diagnosis, or requirement for continuous insulin treatment within one year of diagnosis. |
| 10243 | 8803485 | We aimed to examine the relationship of serum lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and antioxidants with renal dysfunction as measured by urinary excretion of albumin and of retinol binding protein (RBP) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10244 | 8805028 | Of 44 antibody-positive relatives, 17 (39%) progressed to clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) within 5 years. |
| 10245 | 8807208 | Two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for antibodies associated with development of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were evaluated in conjunction with a conventional indirect immunofluorescent-antibody-islet cell antibody (ICA) test and a radioimmunoprecipitation method for detection of insulin autoantibodies in sera from a selected group of patients. |
| 10246 | 8807595 | Diabetic glomerulopathy develops in a subset only of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and early, in its course, is characterized by cell hypertrophy and by excessive extracellular matrix production. |
| 10247 | 8807644 | Women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a much greater risk of serious coronary heart disease, but few cases of myocardial infarctions occurring during pregnancy have been reported. |
| 10248 | 8814255 | Therefore, aberrant expression of TNF-alpha could be important in the pathogenesis of MHC-associated immune disorders. |
| 10249 | 8814255 | TNF2 has been associated with a variety of MHC-linked diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as well as parasitic infections. |
| 10250 | 8814255 | TNF2 has previously been shown to be associated with the MHC haplotype HLA A1-B8-DR3-DQ2, which confers susceptibility to CD. |
| 10251 | 8814255 | Analysis indicates that the distribution of TNF2 is best explained by assuming 100% allelic association between it and HLA-DQB1*0201 (frequency = 0.7791 +/- 0.0447). |
| 10252 | 8814353 | The concentrations of mannose and glucose were closely and positively correlated both in insulin-dependent (IDDM; r = 0.74, P = 0.001) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM; r = 0.89, P = 0.001) DM. |
| 10253 | 8814352 | By an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using rat brain GAD purified on a GAD67C antibody-affinity column, we detected GAD antibodies in 40% (24/60) of the patients with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10254 | 8815519 | Diabetes in childhood is essentially represented by the type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10255 | 8815519 | In case of incidental detection of hyperglycemia without ketonuria in childhood, the differential diagnoses of early IDDM are the rare form of familial non insulin-dependent diabetes with onset in childhood (MODY: maturity-onset diabetes of the young) and the transient hyperglycemia in childhood. |
| 10256 | 8815519 | Diabetes in childhood is essentially represented by the type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10257 | 8815519 | In case of incidental detection of hyperglycemia without ketonuria in childhood, the differential diagnoses of early IDDM are the rare form of familial non insulin-dependent diabetes with onset in childhood (MODY: maturity-onset diabetes of the young) and the transient hyperglycemia in childhood. |
| 10258 | 8816035 | Growth parameters, growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), free thyroxine (FT4) and cortisol concentrations in relation to glycaemic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10259 | 8816035 | This study confirms that in children with IDDM linear growth velocity is dependent on the age of the child and the degree of glycaemic control, as well as on growth promoting hormones such as IGF-I and FT4. |
| 10260 | 8816035 | High BMI is associated with more GH secretion in response to clonidine, this might explain the higher requirements of insulin/kg in children with IDDM and high BMI. |
| 10261 | 8816035 | Growth parameters, growth hormone (GH) response to clonidine and circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), free thyroxine (FT4) and cortisol concentrations in relation to glycaemic control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10262 | 8816035 | This study confirms that in children with IDDM linear growth velocity is dependent on the age of the child and the degree of glycaemic control, as well as on growth promoting hormones such as IGF-I and FT4. |
| 10263 | 8816035 | High BMI is associated with more GH secretion in response to clonidine, this might explain the higher requirements of insulin/kg in children with IDDM and high BMI. |
| 10264 | 8816966 | Th1 cytokines are thought to play a key role in islet inflammation and destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10265 | 8816966 | In contrast, expression of message for IL-2 and IL-4 is minimal to undetectable in DP-BB and RT6-depleted DR-BB animals at any age. |
| 10266 | 8816966 | Incubation of 10 wk old DP islets for 48 h in the presence of anti-CD3 antibody, followed by an incubation with rIL-2 for an additional 5-7 days, results in an expansion of T lymphocytes, and these cells express high levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA. |
| 10267 | 8816966 | Our results suggest that autoimmunity in DP-BB and DR-BB rats is mediated by Th1 lymphocytes and that IFN-gamma and IL-12 are likely to play a key role in islet and thyroid inflammation and destruction in IDDM. |
| 10268 | 8816966 | Th1 cytokines are thought to play a key role in islet inflammation and destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10269 | 8816966 | In contrast, expression of message for IL-2 and IL-4 is minimal to undetectable in DP-BB and RT6-depleted DR-BB animals at any age. |
| 10270 | 8816966 | Incubation of 10 wk old DP islets for 48 h in the presence of anti-CD3 antibody, followed by an incubation with rIL-2 for an additional 5-7 days, results in an expansion of T lymphocytes, and these cells express high levels of IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA. |
| 10271 | 8816966 | Our results suggest that autoimmunity in DP-BB and DR-BB rats is mediated by Th1 lymphocytes and that IFN-gamma and IL-12 are likely to play a key role in islet and thyroid inflammation and destruction in IDDM. |
| 10272 | 8816968 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse results from effector T cell-mediated autoimmune processes directed against pancreatic beta cells. |
| 10273 | 8816968 | The clone was found to produce substantial amounts of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), IL-10, and IFN-gamma, but not IL-2 or IL-4, indicating that this T cell clone is not a member of either the classic Th1 or Th2 cell type. |
| 10274 | 8816968 | On the basis of these observations, we suggest that a new type of CD4+ suppressor T cell, NY4.2, by secreting TGF-beta, can prevent effector T cell-mediated beta cell destruction. |
| 10275 | 8816970 | Interventional approaches that have been successful in delaying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using antigen-based immunotherapies include parenteral immunization. |
| 10276 | 8816970 | We have previously shown that immunization with insulin and insulin B chain but not A chain in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) prevented diabetes by reducing IFN-gamma mRNA in the insulitis lesions. |
| 10277 | 8816970 | When Diphtheria-Tetanus toxoid-Acellular Pertussis (DTP) vaccine was used as the adjuvant vehicle, DTP itself induced significant protection (P < 0.003) which was associated with a Th2-like cytokine producing insulitis profile, IL-4 driven IgG1 antibody responses to insulin, GAD in the periphery and an augmentation of the autoimmune response to GAD. |
| 10278 | 8816973 | The processes that lead to the production of islet cell autoantibodies in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are largely unknown. |
| 10279 | 8816973 | The high relative avidities for GAD65 of MICA 1, 3, 4 and 6 and their high, nonrandom ratio of replacement versus silent mutations in the antigen binding regions indicated that the humoral response to GAD65 is driven by the antigen. |
| 10280 | 8816973 | The results suggest that, in humans, an antigen driven B cell activation and affinity maturation process may contribute to the production of GAD65-autoantibodies found in patients with IDDM. |
| 10281 | 8816973 | The processes that lead to the production of islet cell autoantibodies in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are largely unknown. |
| 10282 | 8816973 | The high relative avidities for GAD65 of MICA 1, 3, 4 and 6 and their high, nonrandom ratio of replacement versus silent mutations in the antigen binding regions indicated that the humoral response to GAD65 is driven by the antigen. |
| 10283 | 8816973 | The results suggest that, in humans, an antigen driven B cell activation and affinity maturation process may contribute to the production of GAD65-autoantibodies found in patients with IDDM. |
| 10284 | 8816972 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse results from a T lymphocyte mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas and serves as a model for human type I diabetes. |
| 10285 | 8816972 | It has previously been shown that a T helper 1 (Th1) response to the islet antigen, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65, henceforth GAD) spontaneously develops in NOD mice concurrent with the onset of lymphocytic infiltration into the islets (insulitis). |
| 10286 | 8816972 | Each hybridoma displayed a unique cytokine profile when stimulated with peptides 524-538 and 527-541, assaying IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-5 production by peptide-stimulated hybridomas. |
| 10287 | 8816975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is probably mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing critical beta cell autoantigens. |
| 10288 | 8816975 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is a major antigen in IDDM. |
| 10289 | 8816975 | T cells in both IDDM patients and controls respond to GAD 65 and certain epitopes of this molecule. |
| 10290 | 8816975 | We obtained T cells clones to GAD 65 peptides 161-175 (from a healthy individual), and 505-519 and 521-535 (from two IDDM patients). |
| 10291 | 8816975 | Reactivity of clones to peptide 505-519 was either HLA DR1 or DQ1 restricted. |
| 10292 | 8816975 | In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients. |
| 10293 | 8816975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is probably mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing critical beta cell autoantigens. |
| 10294 | 8816975 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is a major antigen in IDDM. |
| 10295 | 8816975 | T cells in both IDDM patients and controls respond to GAD 65 and certain epitopes of this molecule. |
| 10296 | 8816975 | We obtained T cells clones to GAD 65 peptides 161-175 (from a healthy individual), and 505-519 and 521-535 (from two IDDM patients). |
| 10297 | 8816975 | Reactivity of clones to peptide 505-519 was either HLA DR1 or DQ1 restricted. |
| 10298 | 8816975 | In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients. |
| 10299 | 8816975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is probably mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing critical beta cell autoantigens. |
| 10300 | 8816975 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is a major antigen in IDDM. |
| 10301 | 8816975 | T cells in both IDDM patients and controls respond to GAD 65 and certain epitopes of this molecule. |
| 10302 | 8816975 | We obtained T cells clones to GAD 65 peptides 161-175 (from a healthy individual), and 505-519 and 521-535 (from two IDDM patients). |
| 10303 | 8816975 | Reactivity of clones to peptide 505-519 was either HLA DR1 or DQ1 restricted. |
| 10304 | 8816975 | In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients. |
| 10305 | 8816975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is probably mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing critical beta cell autoantigens. |
| 10306 | 8816975 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is a major antigen in IDDM. |
| 10307 | 8816975 | T cells in both IDDM patients and controls respond to GAD 65 and certain epitopes of this molecule. |
| 10308 | 8816975 | We obtained T cells clones to GAD 65 peptides 161-175 (from a healthy individual), and 505-519 and 521-535 (from two IDDM patients). |
| 10309 | 8816975 | Reactivity of clones to peptide 505-519 was either HLA DR1 or DQ1 restricted. |
| 10310 | 8816975 | In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients. |
| 10311 | 8816975 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) is probably mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing critical beta cell autoantigens. |
| 10312 | 8816975 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is a major antigen in IDDM. |
| 10313 | 8816975 | T cells in both IDDM patients and controls respond to GAD 65 and certain epitopes of this molecule. |
| 10314 | 8816975 | We obtained T cells clones to GAD 65 peptides 161-175 (from a healthy individual), and 505-519 and 521-535 (from two IDDM patients). |
| 10315 | 8816975 | Reactivity of clones to peptide 505-519 was either HLA DR1 or DQ1 restricted. |
| 10316 | 8816975 | In conclusion, T cell clones to specific epitopes of GAD 65 provide a model to clarify those differences in the immune response to this autoantigen between controls and IDDM patients. |
| 10317 | 8816976 | Islet-infiltrating t lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetic patients express CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). |
| 10318 | 8816976 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results mainly from T cell mediated pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 10319 | 8816976 | One signal is delivered via the antigen specific T cell receptor (TCR) when engaged by major histocompatibility complex presented antigen (MHC:Ag), the other via the T cell's CD28 when engaged by CD80/86. |
| 10320 | 8816976 | To further explore whether CD80/86 expression plays a role in IDDM pathogenesis, we analysed pancreatic biopsy specimens from 16 recent-onset IDDM patients (13 men and 3 women; age 29.7 +/- 8.8 years) for CD80/86 expression. |
| 10321 | 8816976 | While no biopsy revealed any islet cell specific CD80 or CD86 expression, biopsies from six of the nine patients with insulitis revealed both CD80 and CD86 expression on the islet infiltrating cells. |
| 10322 | 8816976 | Of the CD3-positive cells, 19.4% expressed CD80 and 21.7% expressed CD86. |
| 10323 | 8816976 | CD80 and CD86-positive cells were similarly distributed throughout the inflamed islets. |
| 10324 | 8816976 | These data suggest that CD28 engagement with CD80/86 may play a pathogenic role in the beta cell destruction underlying IDDM. |
| 10325 | 8816976 | Islet-infiltrating t lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetic patients express CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). |
| 10326 | 8816976 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results mainly from T cell mediated pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 10327 | 8816976 | One signal is delivered via the antigen specific T cell receptor (TCR) when engaged by major histocompatibility complex presented antigen (MHC:Ag), the other via the T cell's CD28 when engaged by CD80/86. |
| 10328 | 8816976 | To further explore whether CD80/86 expression plays a role in IDDM pathogenesis, we analysed pancreatic biopsy specimens from 16 recent-onset IDDM patients (13 men and 3 women; age 29.7 +/- 8.8 years) for CD80/86 expression. |
| 10329 | 8816976 | While no biopsy revealed any islet cell specific CD80 or CD86 expression, biopsies from six of the nine patients with insulitis revealed both CD80 and CD86 expression on the islet infiltrating cells. |
| 10330 | 8816976 | Of the CD3-positive cells, 19.4% expressed CD80 and 21.7% expressed CD86. |
| 10331 | 8816976 | CD80 and CD86-positive cells were similarly distributed throughout the inflamed islets. |
| 10332 | 8816976 | These data suggest that CD28 engagement with CD80/86 may play a pathogenic role in the beta cell destruction underlying IDDM. |
| 10333 | 8816976 | Islet-infiltrating t lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetic patients express CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2). |
| 10334 | 8816976 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results mainly from T cell mediated pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 10335 | 8816976 | One signal is delivered via the antigen specific T cell receptor (TCR) when engaged by major histocompatibility complex presented antigen (MHC:Ag), the other via the T cell's CD28 when engaged by CD80/86. |
| 10336 | 8816976 | To further explore whether CD80/86 expression plays a role in IDDM pathogenesis, we analysed pancreatic biopsy specimens from 16 recent-onset IDDM patients (13 men and 3 women; age 29.7 +/- 8.8 years) for CD80/86 expression. |
| 10337 | 8816976 | While no biopsy revealed any islet cell specific CD80 or CD86 expression, biopsies from six of the nine patients with insulitis revealed both CD80 and CD86 expression on the islet infiltrating cells. |
| 10338 | 8816976 | Of the CD3-positive cells, 19.4% expressed CD80 and 21.7% expressed CD86. |
| 10339 | 8816976 | CD80 and CD86-positive cells were similarly distributed throughout the inflamed islets. |
| 10340 | 8816976 | These data suggest that CD28 engagement with CD80/86 may play a pathogenic role in the beta cell destruction underlying IDDM. |
| 10341 | 8816977 | One of the loci encoding susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is IDDM2, mapped to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism situated 596 bp upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 10342 | 8816977 | Besides INS, it is possible that transcription levels of IGF2, the nearby gene encoding the insulin-like growth factor II, may be modulated by allelic forms of the VNTR. |
| 10343 | 8816977 | In an effort to define the pathophysiologic mechanism of the IDDM2 effect, we examined the effect, in cis, of VNTR genotype on steady-state mRNA levels of INS in samples of human fetal pancreas, and of IGF2 in leucocytes of diabetic children. |
| 10344 | 8816977 | One of the loci encoding susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is IDDM2, mapped to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism situated 596 bp upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 10345 | 8816977 | Besides INS, it is possible that transcription levels of IGF2, the nearby gene encoding the insulin-like growth factor II, may be modulated by allelic forms of the VNTR. |
| 10346 | 8816977 | In an effort to define the pathophysiologic mechanism of the IDDM2 effect, we examined the effect, in cis, of VNTR genotype on steady-state mRNA levels of INS in samples of human fetal pancreas, and of IGF2 in leucocytes of diabetic children. |
| 10347 | 8816978 | We report the distribution of insulin (IAA), GAD65 (GAA), and ICA512 autoantibody levels in 312 children aged 9 months and in 131 children aged 15 months from this cohort, without family history of IDDM. |
| 10348 | 8816978 | The levels of IAA, GAA and ICA512 did not differ by the HLA genotype (DR3/4,DQB1*0302 vs. |
| 10349 | 8816980 | IDDM2-VNTR-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: dominant protection and parental transmission of alleles of the insulin gene-linked minisatellite locus. |
| 10350 | 8816980 | IDDM2-encoded predisposition to type 1 diabetes has recently been mapped to the minisatellite or variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) locus upstream of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor II genes on human chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 10351 | 8816980 | IDDM2-VNTR-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: dominant protection and parental transmission of alleles of the insulin gene-linked minisatellite locus. |
| 10352 | 8816980 | IDDM2-encoded predisposition to type 1 diabetes has recently been mapped to the minisatellite or variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) locus upstream of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor II genes on human chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 10353 | 8817105 | Autoimmunity causing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) begins in early childhood due to interactions between genes and unknown environmental factors that may be identified through follow-up of a large cohort of genetically susceptible children. |
| 10354 | 8817110 | Stimulation of adipose tissue lipolysis following insulin-induced hypoglycaemia: evidence of increased beta-adrenoceptor-mediated lipolytic response in IDDM. |
| 10355 | 8817110 | The adrenergic regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (intravenous infusion of soluble insulin 0.10 IU.kg body weight-1.h-1 until the arterial plasma glucose fell below 2.8 mmol/l) was investigated directly in vivo in 11 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and 12 control subjects, using microdialysis of the extracellular space of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. |
| 10356 | 8817110 | Stimulation of adipose tissue lipolysis following insulin-induced hypoglycaemia: evidence of increased beta-adrenoceptor-mediated lipolytic response in IDDM. |
| 10357 | 8817110 | The adrenergic regulation of adipose tissue lipolysis in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (intravenous infusion of soluble insulin 0.10 IU.kg body weight-1.h-1 until the arterial plasma glucose fell below 2.8 mmol/l) was investigated directly in vivo in 11 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and 12 control subjects, using microdialysis of the extracellular space of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue. |
| 10358 | 8817111 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects with microalbuminuria have an increased long-term risk of overt cardiovascular disease; however, the early exposure to cardiovascular risk factors may increase their predisposition to current silent myocardial ischaemia. |
| 10359 | 8817240 | ICA512 was isolated from an islet cDNA expression library and was identified as transmembrane protein closely related to the T-cell tyrosine phosphatase CD45. |
| 10360 | 8817240 | In order to determine the frequency of antibodies (ab) to ICA512, we tested sera of 124 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients (IDDM) and 30 patients with long standing IDDM, 44 non-diabetic first degree relatives (FDR) with positive ICA or IAA, and 76 healthy control subjects using an ELISA. |
| 10361 | 8817351 | Susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus is determined by a combination of environmental and genetic factors, which include variation in MHC genes on chromosome 6p21 (IDDM1) and the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (IDDM2). |
| 10362 | 8817728 | Hypoglycaemia (venous plasma glucose below 2.2 mmol/1) was induced with an intravenous insulin bolus in seven patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a history of hypoglycaemia unawareness and repeated severe hypoglycaemia, as well as in a group of seven IDDM patients with good awareness of hypoglycaemia. |
| 10363 | 8819548 | The relations between age, metabolic control, disease adjustment, and psychological factors in boys and girls with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied. |
| 10364 | 8821853 | Preterm deliveries occurred in 14.1 per cent of patients with unexplained polyhydramnios, 27.7 per cent of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and in 36 per cent of pregnancies with congenital malformations. |
| 10365 | 8823297 | Here we report that oral treatment with insulin prevents virus-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a transgenic (tg) mouse model. |
| 10366 | 8823297 | Oral treatment with 1 mg of insulin twice per week for 2 mo starting either 1 wk before or 10 d after initiating LCMV infection prevents IDDM in > 50% of the tg mice (observation time 8 mo). |
| 10367 | 8823297 | Thus, insulin therapy is effective in preventing progression to overt IDDM in prediabetic tg mice with ongoing islet infiltration. |
| 10368 | 8823297 | However, less beta cells are destroyed in insulin-treated mice, upregulation of MHC class I and II molecules does not occur, and antiviral (self) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not found in the islets, events present in tg mice developing IDDM. |
| 10369 | 8823297 | The majority of lymphocytes in the islets of insulin-treated tg mice without IDDM produces IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. |
| 10370 | 8823297 | Here we report that oral treatment with insulin prevents virus-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a transgenic (tg) mouse model. |
| 10371 | 8823297 | Oral treatment with 1 mg of insulin twice per week for 2 mo starting either 1 wk before or 10 d after initiating LCMV infection prevents IDDM in > 50% of the tg mice (observation time 8 mo). |
| 10372 | 8823297 | Thus, insulin therapy is effective in preventing progression to overt IDDM in prediabetic tg mice with ongoing islet infiltration. |
| 10373 | 8823297 | However, less beta cells are destroyed in insulin-treated mice, upregulation of MHC class I and II molecules does not occur, and antiviral (self) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not found in the islets, events present in tg mice developing IDDM. |
| 10374 | 8823297 | The majority of lymphocytes in the islets of insulin-treated tg mice without IDDM produces IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. |
| 10375 | 8823297 | Here we report that oral treatment with insulin prevents virus-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a transgenic (tg) mouse model. |
| 10376 | 8823297 | Oral treatment with 1 mg of insulin twice per week for 2 mo starting either 1 wk before or 10 d after initiating LCMV infection prevents IDDM in > 50% of the tg mice (observation time 8 mo). |
| 10377 | 8823297 | Thus, insulin therapy is effective in preventing progression to overt IDDM in prediabetic tg mice with ongoing islet infiltration. |
| 10378 | 8823297 | However, less beta cells are destroyed in insulin-treated mice, upregulation of MHC class I and II molecules does not occur, and antiviral (self) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not found in the islets, events present in tg mice developing IDDM. |
| 10379 | 8823297 | The majority of lymphocytes in the islets of insulin-treated tg mice without IDDM produces IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. |
| 10380 | 8823297 | Here we report that oral treatment with insulin prevents virus-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a transgenic (tg) mouse model. |
| 10381 | 8823297 | Oral treatment with 1 mg of insulin twice per week for 2 mo starting either 1 wk before or 10 d after initiating LCMV infection prevents IDDM in > 50% of the tg mice (observation time 8 mo). |
| 10382 | 8823297 | Thus, insulin therapy is effective in preventing progression to overt IDDM in prediabetic tg mice with ongoing islet infiltration. |
| 10383 | 8823297 | However, less beta cells are destroyed in insulin-treated mice, upregulation of MHC class I and II molecules does not occur, and antiviral (self) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not found in the islets, events present in tg mice developing IDDM. |
| 10384 | 8823297 | The majority of lymphocytes in the islets of insulin-treated tg mice without IDDM produces IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. |
| 10385 | 8823297 | Here we report that oral treatment with insulin prevents virus-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a transgenic (tg) mouse model. |
| 10386 | 8823297 | Oral treatment with 1 mg of insulin twice per week for 2 mo starting either 1 wk before or 10 d after initiating LCMV infection prevents IDDM in > 50% of the tg mice (observation time 8 mo). |
| 10387 | 8823297 | Thus, insulin therapy is effective in preventing progression to overt IDDM in prediabetic tg mice with ongoing islet infiltration. |
| 10388 | 8823297 | However, less beta cells are destroyed in insulin-treated mice, upregulation of MHC class I and II molecules does not occur, and antiviral (self) cytotoxic T lymphocytes are not found in the islets, events present in tg mice developing IDDM. |
| 10389 | 8823297 | The majority of lymphocytes in the islets of insulin-treated tg mice without IDDM produces IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-beta. |
| 10390 | 8823384 | The pathogenetic role of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies found in up to 60% of patients with stiff-man syndrome (SMS) is still controversial. |
| 10391 | 8823384 | GAD, in fact, is also one of the major target antigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a disease affecting one third of anti-GAD antibody-positive patients with SMS. |
| 10392 | 8823384 | To better define the role of autoimmunity in SMS we looked for molecular and immunological evidence of an autoimmune recognition of a second IDDM-associated autoantigen, the pancreatic 37/40 kDa IDDM-autoantigen, whose gene called ICA 105 has been recently cloned. |
| 10393 | 8823384 | Among anti-ICA 105 antibody-positive patients with SMS, only 1 suffered also from IDDM. |
| 10394 | 8823384 | GAD, ICA 105) does not rule out SMS. |
| 10395 | 8823384 | The pathogenetic role of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies found in up to 60% of patients with stiff-man syndrome (SMS) is still controversial. |
| 10396 | 8823384 | GAD, in fact, is also one of the major target antigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a disease affecting one third of anti-GAD antibody-positive patients with SMS. |
| 10397 | 8823384 | To better define the role of autoimmunity in SMS we looked for molecular and immunological evidence of an autoimmune recognition of a second IDDM-associated autoantigen, the pancreatic 37/40 kDa IDDM-autoantigen, whose gene called ICA 105 has been recently cloned. |
| 10398 | 8823384 | Among anti-ICA 105 antibody-positive patients with SMS, only 1 suffered also from IDDM. |
| 10399 | 8823384 | GAD, ICA 105) does not rule out SMS. |
| 10400 | 8823384 | The pathogenetic role of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies found in up to 60% of patients with stiff-man syndrome (SMS) is still controversial. |
| 10401 | 8823384 | GAD, in fact, is also one of the major target antigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a disease affecting one third of anti-GAD antibody-positive patients with SMS. |
| 10402 | 8823384 | To better define the role of autoimmunity in SMS we looked for molecular and immunological evidence of an autoimmune recognition of a second IDDM-associated autoantigen, the pancreatic 37/40 kDa IDDM-autoantigen, whose gene called ICA 105 has been recently cloned. |
| 10403 | 8823384 | Among anti-ICA 105 antibody-positive patients with SMS, only 1 suffered also from IDDM. |
| 10404 | 8823384 | GAD, ICA 105) does not rule out SMS. |
| 10405 | 8824126 | Stringent long-term control of blood glucose concentration in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can decrease albuminuria, presumably forestalling development of renal insufficiency. |
| 10406 | 8824126 | This study investigated the relationship of 2 personality factors to renal deterioration time (from initiation of insulin therapy to renal failure) in 85 patients with IDDM and end-stage renal disease. |
| 10407 | 8824126 | Stringent long-term control of blood glucose concentration in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can decrease albuminuria, presumably forestalling development of renal insufficiency. |
| 10408 | 8824126 | This study investigated the relationship of 2 personality factors to renal deterioration time (from initiation of insulin therapy to renal failure) in 85 patients with IDDM and end-stage renal disease. |
| 10409 | 8825870 | Rat myoblast primary cultures were tested as a model for proinsulin synthesis and processing and unregulated insulin delivery for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) gene therapy. |
| 10410 | 8825870 | In an isolated rat adipocyte [14C]glucose oxidation assay, insulin released from myoblasts transfected with pCMV.IFur.IIFur.B10 was active biologically, displaying more biological activity than normal human insulin. |
| 10411 | 8825870 | The results indicate that proinsulin encoded by genetically modified proinsulin cDNA is processed into mature insulin, which is secreted at high levels, making myoblasts a viable target cell for gene therapy of IDDM. |
| 10412 | 8825870 | Rat myoblast primary cultures were tested as a model for proinsulin synthesis and processing and unregulated insulin delivery for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) gene therapy. |
| 10413 | 8825870 | In an isolated rat adipocyte [14C]glucose oxidation assay, insulin released from myoblasts transfected with pCMV.IFur.IIFur.B10 was active biologically, displaying more biological activity than normal human insulin. |
| 10414 | 8825870 | The results indicate that proinsulin encoded by genetically modified proinsulin cDNA is processed into mature insulin, which is secreted at high levels, making myoblasts a viable target cell for gene therapy of IDDM. |
| 10415 | 8826981 | Twenty islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive patients, aged 19-38 years, with IDDM were randomized at onset to treatment with either diazoxide, a K+ channel opener that inhibits the release of insulin, or placebo for 3 months, in addition to multiple insulin injection therapy. |
| 10416 | 8827099 | Although anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) have been reported to be a useful diagnostic and predictive marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1 DM) in Caucasians, a precise analysis of GADAb in Japanese children has not been reported. |
| 10417 | 8827099 | This prevalence of GADAb in IDDM patients was significantly higher than in normal controls and the other groups including non-insulin-dependent DM, autoimmune thyroid disease and congenital hypothyroidism, and was also significantly higher in recent-onset than in long-standing IDDM. |
| 10418 | 8827099 | Time course analysis suggested that autoimmune response against GAD could follow different courses in individual cases after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 10419 | 8827099 | In conclusion, this study using the newly established radioimmunoassay (RIA) for GADAb revealed a high prevalence of autoimmune reactivity to GAD in Japanese IDDM children. |
| 10420 | 8827099 | Although anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) have been reported to be a useful diagnostic and predictive marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1 DM) in Caucasians, a precise analysis of GADAb in Japanese children has not been reported. |
| 10421 | 8827099 | This prevalence of GADAb in IDDM patients was significantly higher than in normal controls and the other groups including non-insulin-dependent DM, autoimmune thyroid disease and congenital hypothyroidism, and was also significantly higher in recent-onset than in long-standing IDDM. |
| 10422 | 8827099 | Time course analysis suggested that autoimmune response against GAD could follow different courses in individual cases after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 10423 | 8827099 | In conclusion, this study using the newly established radioimmunoassay (RIA) for GADAb revealed a high prevalence of autoimmune reactivity to GAD in Japanese IDDM children. |
| 10424 | 8827099 | Although anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAb) have been reported to be a useful diagnostic and predictive marker of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1 DM) in Caucasians, a precise analysis of GADAb in Japanese children has not been reported. |
| 10425 | 8827099 | This prevalence of GADAb in IDDM patients was significantly higher than in normal controls and the other groups including non-insulin-dependent DM, autoimmune thyroid disease and congenital hypothyroidism, and was also significantly higher in recent-onset than in long-standing IDDM. |
| 10426 | 8827099 | Time course analysis suggested that autoimmune response against GAD could follow different courses in individual cases after the initiation of insulin therapy. |
| 10427 | 8827099 | In conclusion, this study using the newly established radioimmunoassay (RIA) for GADAb revealed a high prevalence of autoimmune reactivity to GAD in Japanese IDDM children. |
| 10428 | 8827777 | The infants of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were recruited into a pilot study of a trial for primary prevention of IDDM by elimination of CM proteins from the diet during early infancy. |
| 10429 | 8828955 | No significant differences between the treated and control IDDM children were observed in metabolic control or C-peptide release, while the insulin requirement was significantly less in 2 studies during immunoglobulin therapy. |
| 10430 | 8829003 | Because it may be difficult to evaluate gastrointestinal diseases in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), this report highlights several clinical features unique to diabetes and emphasizes the relationship between gastrointestinal pathology and glycemic control. |
| 10431 | 8829124 | In considering potentially important genetic factors, this study examined the association between genetic polymorphisms in apolipoprotein (apo) E and diabetic nephropathy in 146 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of 15 to 21 years' duration. |
| 10432 | 8830330 | We studied the prevalence of mitochondrial gene mutations in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a Chinese population living in Taiwan. |
| 10433 | 8833628 | Several types of mitochondrial DNA mutation have been identified in the peripheral blood cells in some patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus as well as in some with IDDM, however, our results suggest that abrupt-onset IDDM does not correlate with any of the known mitochondrial DNA mutations. |
| 10434 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10435 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10436 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10437 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10438 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10439 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10440 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10441 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10442 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10443 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10444 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10445 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10446 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10447 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10448 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10449 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10450 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10451 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10452 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10453 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10454 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10455 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10456 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10457 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10458 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10459 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10460 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10461 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10462 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10463 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10464 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10465 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10466 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10467 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10468 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10469 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10470 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10471 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10472 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10473 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10474 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10475 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10476 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10477 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10478 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10479 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10480 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10481 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10482 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10483 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10484 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10485 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10486 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10487 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10488 | 8833910 | Recent work from one laboratory has shown, in both nonobese diabetic mice and humans, an association between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and quantitative difference in MHC class I molecule expression. |
| 10489 | 8833910 | This reported decrease in MHC class I molecule expression is very controversial in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of IDDM, but to our knowledge, it has not been evaluated by another group in human IDDM. |
| 10490 | 8833910 | MHC class I molecule expression was measured by flow cytometry with conformational-dependent MHC class I mAbs. |
| 10491 | 8833910 | The mean antigen density of MHC class I molecule expression in IDDM vs. normal control is 454+/-34 vs. 440+/-28 for lymphocytes and 1,440+/-117 vs. 1,494+/- 117 for monocytes, both P > 0.05. |
| 10492 | 8833910 | To estimate the biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression in normal controls, we also studied 10 age- and sex-matched normal control pairs. |
| 10493 | 8833910 | Using X +/-SD of the percentage difference of mean antigen density in the normal control pairs as our definition of normal, we found that 70% (21/30) of IDDM patients had normal, 13% (4/30) of IDDM patients had decreased, and 17% (5/30) of IDDM patients had increased MHC class I molecule expression on lymphocytes. |
| 10494 | 8833910 | All IDDM patients showed normal MHC class I expression on monocytes. |
| 10495 | 8833910 | In conclusion, we find that there is no consistent decrease in MHC class I molecule expression on either lymphocytes or monocytes from patients with IDDM. |
| 10496 | 8833910 | The MHC class I molecule expression observed in IDDM patients is largely within the expected biological variation of MHC class I molecule expression that has been observed in normal controls. |
| 10497 | 8834978 | The objective of this study is to examine the influence of lipid profiles and blood pressure on the development of microvascular complications in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a matched pairs study. |
| 10498 | 8835619 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes after one year of low-dose cyclosporin therapy. |
| 10499 | 8835619 | Cyclosporin A (CyA) is today used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in the past was given also to patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10500 | 8835619 | In this study we have evaluated the effect of CyA administered to IDDM patients on blood pressure and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), an endopeptidase that is an integral part of the renin-angiotensin and bradykinin systems. |
| 10501 | 8835619 | Sera from patients affected by recent-onset IDDM who were treated with CyA at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight in addition to insulin therapy were included in the study (n = 13). |
| 10502 | 8835619 | Sera from 9 IDDM patients with the same clinical characteristics and followed up for 12 months represented the control group (insulin therapy only). |
| 10503 | 8835619 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes after one year of low-dose cyclosporin therapy. |
| 10504 | 8835619 | Cyclosporin A (CyA) is today used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in the past was given also to patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10505 | 8835619 | In this study we have evaluated the effect of CyA administered to IDDM patients on blood pressure and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), an endopeptidase that is an integral part of the renin-angiotensin and bradykinin systems. |
| 10506 | 8835619 | Sera from patients affected by recent-onset IDDM who were treated with CyA at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight in addition to insulin therapy were included in the study (n = 13). |
| 10507 | 8835619 | Sera from 9 IDDM patients with the same clinical characteristics and followed up for 12 months represented the control group (insulin therapy only). |
| 10508 | 8835619 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes after one year of low-dose cyclosporin therapy. |
| 10509 | 8835619 | Cyclosporin A (CyA) is today used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in the past was given also to patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10510 | 8835619 | In this study we have evaluated the effect of CyA administered to IDDM patients on blood pressure and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), an endopeptidase that is an integral part of the renin-angiotensin and bradykinin systems. |
| 10511 | 8835619 | Sera from patients affected by recent-onset IDDM who were treated with CyA at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight in addition to insulin therapy were included in the study (n = 13). |
| 10512 | 8835619 | Sera from 9 IDDM patients with the same clinical characteristics and followed up for 12 months represented the control group (insulin therapy only). |
| 10513 | 8835619 | Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels in patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes after one year of low-dose cyclosporin therapy. |
| 10514 | 8835619 | Cyclosporin A (CyA) is today used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in the past was given also to patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10515 | 8835619 | In this study we have evaluated the effect of CyA administered to IDDM patients on blood pressure and serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE), an endopeptidase that is an integral part of the renin-angiotensin and bradykinin systems. |
| 10516 | 8835619 | Sera from patients affected by recent-onset IDDM who were treated with CyA at the dose of 5 mg/kg body weight in addition to insulin therapy were included in the study (n = 13). |
| 10517 | 8835619 | Sera from 9 IDDM patients with the same clinical characteristics and followed up for 12 months represented the control group (insulin therapy only). |
| 10518 | 8835922 | Our objective was to determine whether young insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without complications have abnormal circadian patterns of sympathetic or parasympathetic control of heart rate. |
| 10519 | 8839262 | Some of them might play a major role in the pathogenesis of an autoimmune reaction against the insulin-secreting beta-cells resulting in beta-cell destruction and the manifestation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10520 | 8839261 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the consequence of a chronic process leading to the destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreatic islets. |
| 10521 | 8840096 | The study aimed to evaluate the immune response to a recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in view of reports of reduced efficacy in adults with IDDM. |
| 10522 | 8840100 | Increased urinary IgG/albumin index in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a laboratory artefact. |
| 10523 | 8840100 | The previous observation that urinary IgG excretion is increased in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients is unexplained and could possibly be related to a laboratory phenomenon. |
| 10524 | 8840100 | When untreated urine samples were stored -20 degrees C for 2 to 4 weeks, the IgG/albumin Index (IgG clearance divided by albumin clearance) was higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients than in control subjects (0.91 (0.68-1.54), n = 27 vs 0.72 (0.55-0.79), n = 15 (median (interquartile range)), p < 0.05). |
| 10525 | 8840100 | In normo- and microalbuminuric IDDM patients the IgG/albumin index was higher in urine samples with glucose than without glucose (1.16 (0.93-1.68), n = 11 vs 0.73 (0.50-0.91), n = 16, p < 0.05, and 0.33 (0.23-0.60), n = 17 vs 0.15 (0.10-0.26), n = 14, p < 0.02 for normo- and microalbuminuric patients, respectively). |
| 10526 | 8840100 | These results suggest that glucose in urinary specimens of IDDM patients prevents at least in part the loss of urinary IgG and may thus explain the higher urinary IgG/albumin index when unprocessed urine is stored frozen before assay. |
| 10527 | 8840100 | Increased urinary IgG/albumin index in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a laboratory artefact. |
| 10528 | 8840100 | The previous observation that urinary IgG excretion is increased in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients is unexplained and could possibly be related to a laboratory phenomenon. |
| 10529 | 8840100 | When untreated urine samples were stored -20 degrees C for 2 to 4 weeks, the IgG/albumin Index (IgG clearance divided by albumin clearance) was higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients than in control subjects (0.91 (0.68-1.54), n = 27 vs 0.72 (0.55-0.79), n = 15 (median (interquartile range)), p < 0.05). |
| 10530 | 8840100 | In normo- and microalbuminuric IDDM patients the IgG/albumin index was higher in urine samples with glucose than without glucose (1.16 (0.93-1.68), n = 11 vs 0.73 (0.50-0.91), n = 16, p < 0.05, and 0.33 (0.23-0.60), n = 17 vs 0.15 (0.10-0.26), n = 14, p < 0.02 for normo- and microalbuminuric patients, respectively). |
| 10531 | 8840100 | These results suggest that glucose in urinary specimens of IDDM patients prevents at least in part the loss of urinary IgG and may thus explain the higher urinary IgG/albumin index when unprocessed urine is stored frozen before assay. |
| 10532 | 8840100 | Increased urinary IgG/albumin index in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a laboratory artefact. |
| 10533 | 8840100 | The previous observation that urinary IgG excretion is increased in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients is unexplained and could possibly be related to a laboratory phenomenon. |
| 10534 | 8840100 | When untreated urine samples were stored -20 degrees C for 2 to 4 weeks, the IgG/albumin Index (IgG clearance divided by albumin clearance) was higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients than in control subjects (0.91 (0.68-1.54), n = 27 vs 0.72 (0.55-0.79), n = 15 (median (interquartile range)), p < 0.05). |
| 10535 | 8840100 | In normo- and microalbuminuric IDDM patients the IgG/albumin index was higher in urine samples with glucose than without glucose (1.16 (0.93-1.68), n = 11 vs 0.73 (0.50-0.91), n = 16, p < 0.05, and 0.33 (0.23-0.60), n = 17 vs 0.15 (0.10-0.26), n = 14, p < 0.02 for normo- and microalbuminuric patients, respectively). |
| 10536 | 8840100 | These results suggest that glucose in urinary specimens of IDDM patients prevents at least in part the loss of urinary IgG and may thus explain the higher urinary IgG/albumin index when unprocessed urine is stored frozen before assay. |
| 10537 | 8840100 | Increased urinary IgG/albumin index in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic patients: a laboratory artefact. |
| 10538 | 8840100 | The previous observation that urinary IgG excretion is increased in normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients is unexplained and could possibly be related to a laboratory phenomenon. |
| 10539 | 8840100 | When untreated urine samples were stored -20 degrees C for 2 to 4 weeks, the IgG/albumin Index (IgG clearance divided by albumin clearance) was higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM patients than in control subjects (0.91 (0.68-1.54), n = 27 vs 0.72 (0.55-0.79), n = 15 (median (interquartile range)), p < 0.05). |
| 10540 | 8840100 | In normo- and microalbuminuric IDDM patients the IgG/albumin index was higher in urine samples with glucose than without glucose (1.16 (0.93-1.68), n = 11 vs 0.73 (0.50-0.91), n = 16, p < 0.05, and 0.33 (0.23-0.60), n = 17 vs 0.15 (0.10-0.26), n = 14, p < 0.02 for normo- and microalbuminuric patients, respectively). |
| 10541 | 8840100 | These results suggest that glucose in urinary specimens of IDDM patients prevents at least in part the loss of urinary IgG and may thus explain the higher urinary IgG/albumin index when unprocessed urine is stored frozen before assay. |
| 10542 | 8840289 | Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate (HR) variation (autonomic nervous function) and extracellular fluid volume (ECV) were measured, and urine samples were collected three times during the corresponding day- and nighttimes in 47 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with DN. |
| 10543 | 8840823 | Recently, a new diabetes-specific questionnaire, the Diabetes Health Profile (DHP), has been developed to identify psychosocial dysfunctioning of insulin-requiring (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 10544 | 8842593 | Rapid HLA-DQB1 genotyping for four alleles in the assessment of risk for IDDM in the Finnish population. |
| 10545 | 8842617 | Do GAD antibodies at IDDM onset predict the clinical course of diabetes in children? |
| 10546 | 8845050 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been shown to exist as two isoforms with molecular weights of 65 kD (GAD65) and 67 kD (GAD67) in the central nervous system as well as in several non-neuronal tissues, including the pancreatic islets. |
| 10547 | 8845050 | Recently, this enzyme has been proposed as a key beta-cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10548 | 8845050 | In the adult pig, GAD65 was localized exclusively in most of the beta cells, whereas GAD67, in addition to being present in a majority of the beta cells, was also seen in a proportion of glucagon and somatostatin labelled cells. |
| 10549 | 8845050 | The predominant expression of both the isoforms in porcine beta cells suggests that islet cells from this species may act as a suitable cellular model for study of GAD autoreactivity during the early stages of IDDM. |
| 10550 | 8845050 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been shown to exist as two isoforms with molecular weights of 65 kD (GAD65) and 67 kD (GAD67) in the central nervous system as well as in several non-neuronal tissues, including the pancreatic islets. |
| 10551 | 8845050 | Recently, this enzyme has been proposed as a key beta-cell autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10552 | 8845050 | In the adult pig, GAD65 was localized exclusively in most of the beta cells, whereas GAD67, in addition to being present in a majority of the beta cells, was also seen in a proportion of glucagon and somatostatin labelled cells. |
| 10553 | 8845050 | The predominant expression of both the isoforms in porcine beta cells suggests that islet cells from this species may act as a suitable cellular model for study of GAD autoreactivity during the early stages of IDDM. |
| 10554 | 8845059 | Paternally transmitted IDDM2 influences diabetes susceptibility despite biallelic expression of the insulin gene in human pancreas. |
| 10555 | 8845059 | Whereas it is well known that the insulin gene (INS) region at 11p15.5 (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is still controversial whether the parental origin of IDDM2 influences IDDM susceptibility. |
| 10556 | 8845059 | Application of the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) found significantly increased transmission of the IDDM-associated INS allele from fathers heterozygous for INS to their diabetic offspring (P = 0.00002), but the transmission from heterozygous mothers was not significantly different from random expectation. |
| 10557 | 8845059 | Paternally transmitted IDDM2 influences diabetes susceptibility despite biallelic expression of the insulin gene in human pancreas. |
| 10558 | 8845059 | Whereas it is well known that the insulin gene (INS) region at 11p15.5 (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is still controversial whether the parental origin of IDDM2 influences IDDM susceptibility. |
| 10559 | 8845059 | Application of the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) found significantly increased transmission of the IDDM-associated INS allele from fathers heterozygous for INS to their diabetic offspring (P = 0.00002), but the transmission from heterozygous mothers was not significantly different from random expectation. |
| 10560 | 8845059 | Paternally transmitted IDDM2 influences diabetes susceptibility despite biallelic expression of the insulin gene in human pancreas. |
| 10561 | 8845059 | Whereas it is well known that the insulin gene (INS) region at 11p15.5 (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is still controversial whether the parental origin of IDDM2 influences IDDM susceptibility. |
| 10562 | 8845059 | Application of the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) found significantly increased transmission of the IDDM-associated INS allele from fathers heterozygous for INS to their diabetic offspring (P = 0.00002), but the transmission from heterozygous mothers was not significantly different from random expectation. |
| 10563 | 8847231 | Genetic polymorphism of the human tumor necrosis factor region in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10564 | 8847231 | The TNF region within the MHC includes a number of immunologically important genes. |
| 10565 | 8847231 | Microsatellites TNFa and TNFb adjacent to TNF exhibit extensive polymorphism. |
| 10566 | 8847231 | Employing a PCR-based technique, we identified TNFab haplotypes and defined their distribution in 97 controls and 48 diabetics of Caucasoid origin in a search for other genes within the MHC potentially associated with IDDM. |
| 10567 | 8847232 | Absence of TAP2 contribution to association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10568 | 8847232 | The polymorphic TAP1 and TAP2 genes encode a transporter protein required for delivery of cytosolic peptides to class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| 10569 | 8847232 | Associations have been observed between TAP2 alleles and predisposition to autoimmune diseases such as IDDM but their interpretation has been complicated by the existence of LD between TAP2 and HLA class II loci, and conclusions are still contradictory. |
| 10570 | 8847232 | We then addressed the question of whether TAP2 is an independent additional IDDM-protective or predisposing genetic factor. |
| 10571 | 8847232 | A decreased TAP2-B phenotype frequency was observed in DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative IDDM patients compared with DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative normal controls (38.6% vs 63%, pc < 0.05), but was probably related to a combination of different weak LD between DRB1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 10572 | 8847232 | It thus appears that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM. |
| 10573 | 8847232 | Absence of TAP2 contribution to association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10574 | 8847232 | The polymorphic TAP1 and TAP2 genes encode a transporter protein required for delivery of cytosolic peptides to class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| 10575 | 8847232 | Associations have been observed between TAP2 alleles and predisposition to autoimmune diseases such as IDDM but their interpretation has been complicated by the existence of LD between TAP2 and HLA class II loci, and conclusions are still contradictory. |
| 10576 | 8847232 | We then addressed the question of whether TAP2 is an independent additional IDDM-protective or predisposing genetic factor. |
| 10577 | 8847232 | A decreased TAP2-B phenotype frequency was observed in DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative IDDM patients compared with DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative normal controls (38.6% vs 63%, pc < 0.05), but was probably related to a combination of different weak LD between DRB1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 10578 | 8847232 | It thus appears that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM. |
| 10579 | 8847232 | Absence of TAP2 contribution to association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10580 | 8847232 | The polymorphic TAP1 and TAP2 genes encode a transporter protein required for delivery of cytosolic peptides to class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| 10581 | 8847232 | Associations have been observed between TAP2 alleles and predisposition to autoimmune diseases such as IDDM but their interpretation has been complicated by the existence of LD between TAP2 and HLA class II loci, and conclusions are still contradictory. |
| 10582 | 8847232 | We then addressed the question of whether TAP2 is an independent additional IDDM-protective or predisposing genetic factor. |
| 10583 | 8847232 | A decreased TAP2-B phenotype frequency was observed in DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative IDDM patients compared with DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative normal controls (38.6% vs 63%, pc < 0.05), but was probably related to a combination of different weak LD between DRB1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 10584 | 8847232 | It thus appears that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM. |
| 10585 | 8847232 | Absence of TAP2 contribution to association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10586 | 8847232 | The polymorphic TAP1 and TAP2 genes encode a transporter protein required for delivery of cytosolic peptides to class I molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum. |
| 10587 | 8847232 | Associations have been observed between TAP2 alleles and predisposition to autoimmune diseases such as IDDM but their interpretation has been complicated by the existence of LD between TAP2 and HLA class II loci, and conclusions are still contradictory. |
| 10588 | 8847232 | We then addressed the question of whether TAP2 is an independent additional IDDM-protective or predisposing genetic factor. |
| 10589 | 8847232 | A decreased TAP2-B phenotype frequency was observed in DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative IDDM patients compared with DRB1*03- and DRB1*04-negative normal controls (38.6% vs 63%, pc < 0.05), but was probably related to a combination of different weak LD between DRB1 and TAP2 alleles. |
| 10590 | 8847232 | It thus appears that there is no primary association between TAP2 alleles and IDDM. |
| 10591 | 8849540 | These patients ranged in age from 56 to 69 years; 2 were insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) and 5 non-IDDMs. |
| 10592 | 8852486 | Renal metabolism of C-peptide was studied in 6 patients with early insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with residual beta cell activity and in 11 nondiabetic subjects by the arterial-venous difference technique both in the postabsorptive state and for 80 min after ingestion of an amino acid mixture (0.8 g/kg). |
| 10593 | 8854134 | Growth hormone insulin-like growth factor I axis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10594 | 8854134 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion and relative insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) deficiency have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, poor metabolic control, and impaired growth during puberty in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10595 | 8854134 | Portal levels of insulin are critical for the integrity of the hepatic GH receptor and suppression of the inhibitory IGF-binding protein I. |
| 10596 | 8854134 | Increasing insulin doses during puberty will result in adequate portal levels of insulin and thus restore IGF-I levels and IGF bioactivity, but at the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and weight gain. |
| 10597 | 8854134 | Restoration of normal circulating levels of IGF-I using the recombinant peptide will lead to reductions in GH levels and improved insulin sensitivity. |
| 10598 | 8854134 | Given as a daily subcutaneous injection, low-dose recombinant human IGF-I (40 micrograms/kg/day) could prove to be a useful adjunct to standard insulin therapy during puberty in IDDM. |
| 10599 | 8854134 | The role of recombinant human IGF-I in the treatment of IDDM needs to be tested by long-term controlled trials. |
| 10600 | 8854134 | Growth hormone insulin-like growth factor I axis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10601 | 8854134 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion and relative insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) deficiency have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, poor metabolic control, and impaired growth during puberty in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10602 | 8854134 | Portal levels of insulin are critical for the integrity of the hepatic GH receptor and suppression of the inhibitory IGF-binding protein I. |
| 10603 | 8854134 | Increasing insulin doses during puberty will result in adequate portal levels of insulin and thus restore IGF-I levels and IGF bioactivity, but at the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and weight gain. |
| 10604 | 8854134 | Restoration of normal circulating levels of IGF-I using the recombinant peptide will lead to reductions in GH levels and improved insulin sensitivity. |
| 10605 | 8854134 | Given as a daily subcutaneous injection, low-dose recombinant human IGF-I (40 micrograms/kg/day) could prove to be a useful adjunct to standard insulin therapy during puberty in IDDM. |
| 10606 | 8854134 | The role of recombinant human IGF-I in the treatment of IDDM needs to be tested by long-term controlled trials. |
| 10607 | 8854134 | Growth hormone insulin-like growth factor I axis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10608 | 8854134 | Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion and relative insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) deficiency have been implicated in the development of insulin resistance, poor metabolic control, and impaired growth during puberty in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10609 | 8854134 | Portal levels of insulin are critical for the integrity of the hepatic GH receptor and suppression of the inhibitory IGF-binding protein I. |
| 10610 | 8854134 | Increasing insulin doses during puberty will result in adequate portal levels of insulin and thus restore IGF-I levels and IGF bioactivity, but at the risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and weight gain. |
| 10611 | 8854134 | Restoration of normal circulating levels of IGF-I using the recombinant peptide will lead to reductions in GH levels and improved insulin sensitivity. |
| 10612 | 8854134 | Given as a daily subcutaneous injection, low-dose recombinant human IGF-I (40 micrograms/kg/day) could prove to be a useful adjunct to standard insulin therapy during puberty in IDDM. |
| 10613 | 8854134 | The role of recombinant human IGF-I in the treatment of IDDM needs to be tested by long-term controlled trials. |
| 10614 | 8856260 | The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of tubular function, markers of glycaemic control and erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity (SLC) in 40 normotensive, normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 11 normal control subjects. |
| 10615 | 8856260 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the excretion rate of retinol-binding protein (RBP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) and glucose were significantly higher in IDDM subjects compared to control subjects (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.02, < 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively), whilst the two groups had similar SLC and TmPO4 levels. |
| 10616 | 8856260 | RBP excretion rate was correlated to the excretion rate of beta-NAG (rs 0.38; p = 0.007) and albumin (rs 0.45; p = 0.002); the excretion rates of beta-NAG and albumin were significantly associated (rs 0.37, p = 0.009). |
| 10617 | 8856260 | In this study, beta-NAG and RBP overnight excretion rates were higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM subjects compared to control subjects but no relationship was present between SLC and tubular function in IDDM patients without complications. |
| 10618 | 8856260 | The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of tubular function, markers of glycaemic control and erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity (SLC) in 40 normotensive, normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 11 normal control subjects. |
| 10619 | 8856260 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the excretion rate of retinol-binding protein (RBP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) and glucose were significantly higher in IDDM subjects compared to control subjects (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.02, < 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively), whilst the two groups had similar SLC and TmPO4 levels. |
| 10620 | 8856260 | RBP excretion rate was correlated to the excretion rate of beta-NAG (rs 0.38; p = 0.007) and albumin (rs 0.45; p = 0.002); the excretion rates of beta-NAG and albumin were significantly associated (rs 0.37, p = 0.009). |
| 10621 | 8856260 | In this study, beta-NAG and RBP overnight excretion rates were higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM subjects compared to control subjects but no relationship was present between SLC and tubular function in IDDM patients without complications. |
| 10622 | 8856260 | The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between markers of tubular function, markers of glycaemic control and erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport activity (SLC) in 40 normotensive, normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 11 normal control subjects. |
| 10623 | 8856260 | Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the excretion rate of retinol-binding protein (RBP), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (beta-NAG) and glucose were significantly higher in IDDM subjects compared to control subjects (Mann-Whitney test, p = 0.02, < 0.001, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively), whilst the two groups had similar SLC and TmPO4 levels. |
| 10624 | 8856260 | RBP excretion rate was correlated to the excretion rate of beta-NAG (rs 0.38; p = 0.007) and albumin (rs 0.45; p = 0.002); the excretion rates of beta-NAG and albumin were significantly associated (rs 0.37, p = 0.009). |
| 10625 | 8856260 | In this study, beta-NAG and RBP overnight excretion rates were higher in normoalbuminuric IDDM subjects compared to control subjects but no relationship was present between SLC and tubular function in IDDM patients without complications. |
| 10626 | 8857659 | To determine whether hyperglycemia in IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) could interfere with salivary secretion rates, salivary glucose levels, and salivary microbial counts, we studied salivary factors in two groups of children and adolescents with IDDM. |
| 10627 | 8857659 | In the newly diagnosed IDDM cases, mean salivary glucose level decreased from 54.1 +/- 31.7 mg/l to 35.2 +/- 29.5 mg/l (P = 0.096) after beginning insulin treatment. |
| 10628 | 8857659 | In the long-term IDDM cases, salivary flow rates and salivary glucose levels were not significantly related to the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values. |
| 10629 | 8857659 | To determine whether hyperglycemia in IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) could interfere with salivary secretion rates, salivary glucose levels, and salivary microbial counts, we studied salivary factors in two groups of children and adolescents with IDDM. |
| 10630 | 8857659 | In the newly diagnosed IDDM cases, mean salivary glucose level decreased from 54.1 +/- 31.7 mg/l to 35.2 +/- 29.5 mg/l (P = 0.096) after beginning insulin treatment. |
| 10631 | 8857659 | In the long-term IDDM cases, salivary flow rates and salivary glucose levels were not significantly related to the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values. |
| 10632 | 8857659 | To determine whether hyperglycemia in IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) could interfere with salivary secretion rates, salivary glucose levels, and salivary microbial counts, we studied salivary factors in two groups of children and adolescents with IDDM. |
| 10633 | 8857659 | In the newly diagnosed IDDM cases, mean salivary glucose level decreased from 54.1 +/- 31.7 mg/l to 35.2 +/- 29.5 mg/l (P = 0.096) after beginning insulin treatment. |
| 10634 | 8857659 | In the long-term IDDM cases, salivary flow rates and salivary glucose levels were not significantly related to the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) values. |
| 10635 | 8858205 | Incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) (0-34 years at onset) in Benghazi, Libya. |
| 10636 | 8858205 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) in Benghazi, Libya in the < 35-year age group during the period 1981-1990 are reported. |
| 10637 | 8858205 | Incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) (0-34 years at onset) in Benghazi, Libya. |
| 10638 | 8858205 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) in Benghazi, Libya in the < 35-year age group during the period 1981-1990 are reported. |
| 10639 | 8858209 | The radical nitric oxide (NO) is a possible mediator of pancreatic beta-cell damage in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10640 | 8858209 | While iNOS mRNA is induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) alone in rodent insulin-producing cells, a combination of two (IL-1 beta + interferon gamma) (IFN-gamma) or three (IL-1 beta + IFN gamma + tumour necrosis factor alpha) cytokines is required for iNOS activation in human pancreatic islets. |
| 10641 | 8858209 | Induction of iNOS is paralleled by induction of several other cytokine-dependent genes in beta cells, including argininosuccinate synthetase, cyclooxygenase and manganese superoxide dismutase. |
| 10642 | 8858215 | The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, a cross-sectional, clinic-based study, was designed to measure the prevalence of diabetic complications in stratified samples of European insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 10643 | 8858216 | To evaluate familial factors in the development of diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we examined concordance for diabetic nephropathy in families with multiple IDDM siblings. |
| 10644 | 8858220 | To investigate the presence of autoantibodies against sympathetic nervous tissue and their correlation with cardiac sympathetic dysinnervation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 newly diagnosed (age 26 +/- 6 years) and 48 long-term IDDM patients (age 40 +/- 13 years, duration of diabetes 22 +/- 12 years) without myocardial perfusion abnormalities (normal 99mTC-methoxyisobutylisonitrile uptake) were assessed for myocardial 123I-metaiodo benzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) uptake and complement-fixing sympathetic ganglia (CF-SG) autoantibodies. |
| 10645 | 8858382 | The aim is to determine the effects of HLA, other genetic factors and immune markers (ICA, IAA and GAD65Ab) on the age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in 0-34 year olds. |
| 10646 | 8858382 | The IDDM2 gene representing the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) sequences and 5' of the insulin gene on chromosome 11 were associated with IDDM since homozygous short VNTR was positive but not homozygous, and heterozygous long VNTR was negatively associated with the disease. |
| 10647 | 8858382 | The aim is to determine the effects of HLA, other genetic factors and immune markers (ICA, IAA and GAD65Ab) on the age at onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in 0-34 year olds. |
| 10648 | 8858382 | The IDDM2 gene representing the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) sequences and 5' of the insulin gene on chromosome 11 were associated with IDDM since homozygous short VNTR was positive but not homozygous, and heterozygous long VNTR was negatively associated with the disease. |
| 10649 | 8862120 | Recent studies have demonstrated that replacement of C-peptide to normal physiological concentrations in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients on a short-term basis (1-3 h) results in decreased glomerular hyperfiltration, augmented glucose utilization and improved autonomic nervous function. |
| 10650 | 8862949 | This study aimed to highlight geographical differences in childhood Type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by mapping incidence at 3 different geographical scales, within the northern English county of Yorkshire. |
| 10651 | 8862954 | European guidelines recommend annual screening for microalbuminuria in patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of greater than 5 years' duration and in those with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) from diagnosis. |
| 10652 | 8863877 | The initial psychological reactions at the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a population-based sample of 76 children were studied with staff observations and a self-report questionnaire for children 12 years of age and more. |
| 10653 | 8863944 | One hundred and twenty-three complete medical records of pregnant insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM) managed at Yale-New Haven Hospital from 1983 to 1993 were reviewed. |
| 10654 | 8864169 | The association between HLA-DQ haplotypes and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied in 48 children from 44 families ascertained from the high incidence area around Umeå, Sweden. |
| 10655 | 8864419 | Plasma membrane lipid dynamics and cellular morphology were evaluated in endothelial cells obtained from umbilical cords of five women affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and six healthy pregnant women of similar age and gestational age. |
| 10656 | 8864824 | To investigate the mechanism(s) controlling diabetes resistance in these mice, we studied a total of 92 NOD<-->B6 EA chimeras that showed overt lymphoid chimerism and treated 34 chimeras with cyclophosphamide (CY), a compound known to precipitate an acute form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in pre-diabetic NOD mice, by interfering with regulatory mechanisms. |
| 10657 | 8864825 | Most female NOD mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after the 4th month of age. |
| 10658 | 8864825 | Flow cytometry was used to compare M. avium-infected, HK M. avium inoculated and untreated NOD and NON mice with regard to subpopulations of splenic lymphocytes bearing the surface antigens CD3, CD4, CD8, IgM and B220. |
| 10659 | 8864827 | Detection of autoantibodies to the pancreatic islet heat shock protein 60 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10660 | 8864827 | We found no relationship between the levels of hsp60 antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) or antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in IDDM patients. |
| 10661 | 8864827 | Although the positivity was low, the detection of hsp60 antibodies may be helpful for diagnosis of IDDM especially in GAD65 Ab- or JCA-negative Japanese patients. |
| 10662 | 8864827 | Detection of autoantibodies to the pancreatic islet heat shock protein 60 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10663 | 8864827 | We found no relationship between the levels of hsp60 antibodies and islet cell antibodies (ICA) or antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in IDDM patients. |
| 10664 | 8864827 | Although the positivity was low, the detection of hsp60 antibodies may be helpful for diagnosis of IDDM especially in GAD65 Ab- or JCA-negative Japanese patients. |
| 10665 | 8865550 | An ultrasonic system fitted with echo-tracking circuits was used to investigate the mechanical properties of the descending aorta in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 10666 | 8866571 | This study was designed to answer the question: Does the short-term administration of nicotinamide cause insulin resistance in subjects who have a high risk of developing IDDM? |
| 10667 | 8866571 | Our data suggest that the use of nicotinamide in subjects who are at risk of developing IDDM may be complicated by the drug's effects on insulin sensitivity. |
| 10668 | 8866571 | Therefore, we strongly support the recommendation that at least one subgroup of subjects enrolled in clinical trials to prevent IDDM have regular measurements of both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion performed. |
| 10669 | 8866571 | This study was designed to answer the question: Does the short-term administration of nicotinamide cause insulin resistance in subjects who have a high risk of developing IDDM? |
| 10670 | 8866571 | Our data suggest that the use of nicotinamide in subjects who are at risk of developing IDDM may be complicated by the drug's effects on insulin sensitivity. |
| 10671 | 8866571 | Therefore, we strongly support the recommendation that at least one subgroup of subjects enrolled in clinical trials to prevent IDDM have regular measurements of both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion performed. |
| 10672 | 8866571 | This study was designed to answer the question: Does the short-term administration of nicotinamide cause insulin resistance in subjects who have a high risk of developing IDDM? |
| 10673 | 8866571 | Our data suggest that the use of nicotinamide in subjects who are at risk of developing IDDM may be complicated by the drug's effects on insulin sensitivity. |
| 10674 | 8866571 | Therefore, we strongly support the recommendation that at least one subgroup of subjects enrolled in clinical trials to prevent IDDM have regular measurements of both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion performed. |
| 10675 | 8866574 | The GLUT4 glucose transporter is a major mediator of this action, and insulin recruits GLUT4 from an intracellular pool to the plasma membrane. |
| 10676 | 8866574 | An important pathologic feature of obesity, NIDDM, and to a lesser extent IDDM is resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. |
| 10677 | 8866574 | This has led to the hypothesis that alterations in the trafficking of the GLUT4 vesicle or in the exposure or activation of the GLUT4 transporter may cause insulin resistance in skeletal muscle in obesity and diabetes. |
| 10678 | 8866574 | Overexpression of GLUT4 in adipocytes of transgenic mice increases the proportion of GLUT4 on the plasma membrane and enhances insulin sensitivity in vivo. |
| 10679 | 8866574 | Altering insulin signaling by overexpressing p21ras in adipocytes of transgenic mice results in increased GLUT4 on the plasma membrane in the absence of insulin and increases insulin sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. |
| 10680 | 8867904 | Having already shown positive effects of sulfonylreas in long-standing IDDM patients, we decided to try the association of gliclazide with insulin in newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 10681 | 8870337 | Genetic, immune, and metabolic testing can reveal a person's risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and three large clinical trials are planned or underway to see if interventions can prevent IDDM in persons at risk. |
| 10682 | 8870337 | The Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type I is randomly assigning subjects at high risk (more than a 50% probability of developing IDDM) to either receive insulin injections or undergo observation alone; subjects at intermediate risk (25% to 50%) will receive either oral insulin or placebo. |
| 10683 | 8870337 | Genetic, immune, and metabolic testing can reveal a person's risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and three large clinical trials are planned or underway to see if interventions can prevent IDDM in persons at risk. |
| 10684 | 8870337 | The Diabetes Prevention Trial-Type I is randomly assigning subjects at high risk (more than a 50% probability of developing IDDM) to either receive insulin injections or undergo observation alone; subjects at intermediate risk (25% to 50%) will receive either oral insulin or placebo. |
| 10685 | 8870437 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a slowly progressive autoimmune disease. |
| 10686 | 8870437 | In the prediabetic phase of IDDM, the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) demonstrates a progressive decline in the first-phase insulin response. |
| 10687 | 8870437 | The first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose may enable individuals at risk of IDDM to be identified and preventive therapy to be instituted. |
| 10688 | 8870437 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a slowly progressive autoimmune disease. |
| 10689 | 8870437 | In the prediabetic phase of IDDM, the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) demonstrates a progressive decline in the first-phase insulin response. |
| 10690 | 8870437 | The first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose may enable individuals at risk of IDDM to be identified and preventive therapy to be instituted. |
| 10691 | 8870437 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a slowly progressive autoimmune disease. |
| 10692 | 8870437 | In the prediabetic phase of IDDM, the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) demonstrates a progressive decline in the first-phase insulin response. |
| 10693 | 8870437 | The first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose may enable individuals at risk of IDDM to be identified and preventive therapy to be instituted. |
| 10694 | 8872058 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) risk was evaluated in 765 siblings based on prospective observation of islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) as a function of the degree of HLA identity to the proband and HLA-DR alleles. |
| 10695 | 8872168 | In this study, HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies were analyzed in 125 unrelated Moroccan IDDM patients and 93 unrelated healthy controls, all originating from the Souss region and mostly of Berber origin. |
| 10696 | 8875250 | It is recognized that the MHC contains multiple susceptibility loci (referred to collectively as IDDM1), including the class II antigen receptor genes, which control the major pathological feature of the disease: T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 10697 | 8875250 | However, the MHC genes, and a second locus, the insulin gene minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (IDDM2; lambda S = 1.25), cannot account for all of the observed clustering of disease in families (lambda S = 15), and the scans suggested the presence of other susceptibility loci scattered throughout the genome. |
| 10698 | 8875250 | There are four additional loci for which there is currently sufficient evidence from linkage and association studies to justify fine mapping experiments: IDDM4 (FGF3/11q13), IDDM5 (ESR/6q22), IDDM8 (D6S281/6q27) and IDDM12 (CTLA-4/2q33). |
| 10699 | 8875250 | IDDM4, 5 and 8 were detected by genome scanning, and IDDM12 by a candidate gene strategy. |
| 10700 | 8875250 | The identification of aetiological determinants requires exclusion of hitchhiking polymorphisms in regions of linkage disequilibrium, as demonstrated for the MHC and the insulin gene loci, and functional studies implicating the disease-associated variant in pathogenesis. |
| 10701 | 8877294 | Diagnostic sensitivity of immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in childhood IDDM. |
| 10702 | 8877294 | The prevalence and titre of epitope-specific autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in 155 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 9 GAD65 antibody (Ab)-positive healthy children were determined using four GAD65/67 chimaeric molecules which discriminate among the N-terminal (N), middle (M) and C-terminal (C) epitopes of GAD65. |
| 10703 | 8877294 | We found autoantibodies to GAD65 in 116 of 155 (75%), to GAD67 in 19 of 155 (12%) (p < 0.0001) and to the GAD65-N-67 chimaera in 25 of 155 (16%) (p < 0.0001) IDDM sera. |
| 10704 | 8877294 | We conclude that GAD65Ab in IDDM and healthy children are directed to middle and C-terminal epitopes, and propose that levels of antibodies specifically directed to the carboxy-terminal end of GAD65 may distinguish IDDM from healthy children. |
| 10705 | 8877294 | Diagnostic sensitivity of immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in childhood IDDM. |
| 10706 | 8877294 | The prevalence and titre of epitope-specific autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in 155 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 9 GAD65 antibody (Ab)-positive healthy children were determined using four GAD65/67 chimaeric molecules which discriminate among the N-terminal (N), middle (M) and C-terminal (C) epitopes of GAD65. |
| 10707 | 8877294 | We found autoantibodies to GAD65 in 116 of 155 (75%), to GAD67 in 19 of 155 (12%) (p < 0.0001) and to the GAD65-N-67 chimaera in 25 of 155 (16%) (p < 0.0001) IDDM sera. |
| 10708 | 8877294 | We conclude that GAD65Ab in IDDM and healthy children are directed to middle and C-terminal epitopes, and propose that levels of antibodies specifically directed to the carboxy-terminal end of GAD65 may distinguish IDDM from healthy children. |
| 10709 | 8877294 | Diagnostic sensitivity of immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in childhood IDDM. |
| 10710 | 8877294 | The prevalence and titre of epitope-specific autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in 155 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 9 GAD65 antibody (Ab)-positive healthy children were determined using four GAD65/67 chimaeric molecules which discriminate among the N-terminal (N), middle (M) and C-terminal (C) epitopes of GAD65. |
| 10711 | 8877294 | We found autoantibodies to GAD65 in 116 of 155 (75%), to GAD67 in 19 of 155 (12%) (p < 0.0001) and to the GAD65-N-67 chimaera in 25 of 155 (16%) (p < 0.0001) IDDM sera. |
| 10712 | 8877294 | We conclude that GAD65Ab in IDDM and healthy children are directed to middle and C-terminal epitopes, and propose that levels of antibodies specifically directed to the carboxy-terminal end of GAD65 may distinguish IDDM from healthy children. |
| 10713 | 8877294 | Diagnostic sensitivity of immunodominant epitopes of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) autoantibodies in childhood IDDM. |
| 10714 | 8877294 | The prevalence and titre of epitope-specific autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in 155 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) and 9 GAD65 antibody (Ab)-positive healthy children were determined using four GAD65/67 chimaeric molecules which discriminate among the N-terminal (N), middle (M) and C-terminal (C) epitopes of GAD65. |
| 10715 | 8877294 | We found autoantibodies to GAD65 in 116 of 155 (75%), to GAD67 in 19 of 155 (12%) (p < 0.0001) and to the GAD65-N-67 chimaera in 25 of 155 (16%) (p < 0.0001) IDDM sera. |
| 10716 | 8877294 | We conclude that GAD65Ab in IDDM and healthy children are directed to middle and C-terminal epitopes, and propose that levels of antibodies specifically directed to the carboxy-terminal end of GAD65 may distinguish IDDM from healthy children. |
| 10717 | 8877292 | Effects of insulin and lipid emulsion on renal haemodynamics and renal sodium handling in IDDM patients. |
| 10718 | 8877292 | To evaluate the role of insulin and hypertriglyceridaemia in the regulation of renal haemodynamics and sodium handling in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 11 IDDM patients without microalbuminuria and 13 weight-, age-, protein intake- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were studied. |
| 10719 | 8877292 | We found that Cin, CPAH and filtration fraction were comparable in IDDM and control subjects, whereas CNa was decreased in diabetic subjects (2.01 +/- 1.11 vs 3.03 +/- 1.32 ml/min; p < 0.05) due to elevations of proximal tubular fractional and absolute reabsorptions of sodium (p < 0.05). |
| 10720 | 8877292 | We conclude that IDDM without microalbuminuria is associated with a tendency to sodium retention which is not aggravated by insulin when compared to control subjects. |
| 10721 | 8877292 | Effects of insulin and lipid emulsion on renal haemodynamics and renal sodium handling in IDDM patients. |
| 10722 | 8877292 | To evaluate the role of insulin and hypertriglyceridaemia in the regulation of renal haemodynamics and sodium handling in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 11 IDDM patients without microalbuminuria and 13 weight-, age-, protein intake- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were studied. |
| 10723 | 8877292 | We found that Cin, CPAH and filtration fraction were comparable in IDDM and control subjects, whereas CNa was decreased in diabetic subjects (2.01 +/- 1.11 vs 3.03 +/- 1.32 ml/min; p < 0.05) due to elevations of proximal tubular fractional and absolute reabsorptions of sodium (p < 0.05). |
| 10724 | 8877292 | We conclude that IDDM without microalbuminuria is associated with a tendency to sodium retention which is not aggravated by insulin when compared to control subjects. |
| 10725 | 8877292 | Effects of insulin and lipid emulsion on renal haemodynamics and renal sodium handling in IDDM patients. |
| 10726 | 8877292 | To evaluate the role of insulin and hypertriglyceridaemia in the regulation of renal haemodynamics and sodium handling in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 11 IDDM patients without microalbuminuria and 13 weight-, age-, protein intake- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were studied. |
| 10727 | 8877292 | We found that Cin, CPAH and filtration fraction were comparable in IDDM and control subjects, whereas CNa was decreased in diabetic subjects (2.01 +/- 1.11 vs 3.03 +/- 1.32 ml/min; p < 0.05) due to elevations of proximal tubular fractional and absolute reabsorptions of sodium (p < 0.05). |
| 10728 | 8877292 | We conclude that IDDM without microalbuminuria is associated with a tendency to sodium retention which is not aggravated by insulin when compared to control subjects. |
| 10729 | 8877292 | Effects of insulin and lipid emulsion on renal haemodynamics and renal sodium handling in IDDM patients. |
| 10730 | 8877292 | To evaluate the role of insulin and hypertriglyceridaemia in the regulation of renal haemodynamics and sodium handling in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 11 IDDM patients without microalbuminuria and 13 weight-, age-, protein intake- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were studied. |
| 10731 | 8877292 | We found that Cin, CPAH and filtration fraction were comparable in IDDM and control subjects, whereas CNa was decreased in diabetic subjects (2.01 +/- 1.11 vs 3.03 +/- 1.32 ml/min; p < 0.05) due to elevations of proximal tubular fractional and absolute reabsorptions of sodium (p < 0.05). |
| 10732 | 8877292 | We conclude that IDDM without microalbuminuria is associated with a tendency to sodium retention which is not aggravated by insulin when compared to control subjects. |
| 10733 | 8877296 | Examination of two genetic polymorphisms within the renin-angiotensin system: no evidence for an association with nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 10734 | 8877296 | Premature cardiovascular disease is common in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who develop diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10735 | 8877296 | We have examined the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and angiotensinogen methionine 235 threonine polymorphism in a large cohort of Caucasian patients with IDDM and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10736 | 8877296 | No significant difference was seen in distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensinogen genotypes between IDDM patients with nephropathy and recently diagnosed diabetic subjects (p = 0.282 and 0.584, respectively), nor the long-duration non-nephropathy diabetic subjects (p = 0.701 and 0.190, respectively). |
| 10737 | 8877296 | Examination of two genetic polymorphisms within the renin-angiotensin system: no evidence for an association with nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 10738 | 8877296 | Premature cardiovascular disease is common in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who develop diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10739 | 8877296 | We have examined the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and angiotensinogen methionine 235 threonine polymorphism in a large cohort of Caucasian patients with IDDM and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10740 | 8877296 | No significant difference was seen in distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensinogen genotypes between IDDM patients with nephropathy and recently diagnosed diabetic subjects (p = 0.282 and 0.584, respectively), nor the long-duration non-nephropathy diabetic subjects (p = 0.701 and 0.190, respectively). |
| 10741 | 8877296 | Examination of two genetic polymorphisms within the renin-angiotensin system: no evidence for an association with nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 10742 | 8877296 | Premature cardiovascular disease is common in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who develop diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10743 | 8877296 | We have examined the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and angiotensinogen methionine 235 threonine polymorphism in a large cohort of Caucasian patients with IDDM and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10744 | 8877296 | No significant difference was seen in distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensinogen genotypes between IDDM patients with nephropathy and recently diagnosed diabetic subjects (p = 0.282 and 0.584, respectively), nor the long-duration non-nephropathy diabetic subjects (p = 0.701 and 0.190, respectively). |
| 10745 | 8877296 | Examination of two genetic polymorphisms within the renin-angiotensin system: no evidence for an association with nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 10746 | 8877296 | Premature cardiovascular disease is common in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who develop diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10747 | 8877296 | We have examined the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and angiotensinogen methionine 235 threonine polymorphism in a large cohort of Caucasian patients with IDDM and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 10748 | 8877296 | No significant difference was seen in distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme or angiotensinogen genotypes between IDDM patients with nephropathy and recently diagnosed diabetic subjects (p = 0.282 and 0.584, respectively), nor the long-duration non-nephropathy diabetic subjects (p = 0.701 and 0.190, respectively). |
| 10749 | 8879452 | The relation between islet cell specific antibodies, other autoantibodies and antibodies to cow's milk proteins was studied in IDDM and pre-IDDM by analysing islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), anti-nuclear (ANA), anti-reticulin class IgA [ARA(IgA)], smooth muscle, anti-mitochondria, parietal cell (PCA), adrenal and thyroid antibodies and antibodies to cow's milk formula (CMF), beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in a population based study with more than 650 children with newly diagnosed IDDM and more than 550 initially non-diabetic siblings. |
| 10750 | 8882412 | No primary association between the 308 polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10751 | 8882412 | Whereas TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDDM, its possible role as a primary genetic susceptibility factor has not been well investigated. |
| 10752 | 8882412 | In this study, we analyzed a biallelic polymorphism in the TNF-alpha promotor region in a large collection of IDDM patients and controls ascertained from two ethnic populations (U.S. |
| 10753 | 8882412 | Our analyses of extended haplotypes for the HLA region further substantiate the conclusion that no primary association exists between IDDM and the TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism. |
| 10754 | 8882412 | No primary association between the 308 polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10755 | 8882412 | Whereas TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDDM, its possible role as a primary genetic susceptibility factor has not been well investigated. |
| 10756 | 8882412 | In this study, we analyzed a biallelic polymorphism in the TNF-alpha promotor region in a large collection of IDDM patients and controls ascertained from two ethnic populations (U.S. |
| 10757 | 8882412 | Our analyses of extended haplotypes for the HLA region further substantiate the conclusion that no primary association exists between IDDM and the TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism. |
| 10758 | 8882412 | No primary association between the 308 polymorphism in the tumor necrosis factor alpha promoter region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10759 | 8882412 | Whereas TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDDM, its possible role as a primary genetic susceptibility factor has not been well investigated. |
| 10760 | 8882412 | In this study, we analyzed a biallelic polymorphism in the TNF-alpha promotor region in a large collection of IDDM patients and controls ascertained from two ethnic populations (U.S. |
| 10761 | 8882412 | Our analyses of extended haplotypes for the HLA region further substantiate the conclusion that no primary association exists between IDDM and the TNF-alpha promoter polymorphism. |
| 10762 | 8884164 | Alcohol (ethanol), over-zealous glycaemic control, hypoglycaemic unawareness, detective counterregulation especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and renal and liver impairment are all important predisposing factors. |
| 10763 | 8884164 | Although antihyperglycaemic agents such as metformin and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors do not cause hypoglycaemia alone, they may enhance the hypoglycaemic effects of potent hypoglycaemic agents such as insulin and sulphonylureas. |
| 10764 | 8884164 | On the other hand, the potential hypoglycaemic effects of ACE inhibitors, alpha-blockers, lipid-lowering agents and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor demonstrated in experimental settings, are of potential therapeutic interest. |
| 10765 | 8884164 | In refractory hypoglycaemia due to hyperinsulinaemia such as during sulphonylurea overdosage or quinine treatment, the long-acting somatostatin, octreotide, may suppress insulin release and restore euglycaemia. |
| 10766 | 8884848 | A rapid method to study heat shock protein 70-2 gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10767 | 8884848 | To examine the role of DNA loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied fine mapping of HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10768 | 8884848 | Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping was then developed and applied to type HSP70-2 in 59 patients with IDDM and 83 unrelated controls recruited from the inhabitants of northern Taiwan. |
| 10769 | 8884848 | The polymorphic site was mapped in the intragenic PstI sequences (nucleotides 1051-1056) of the HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10770 | 8884848 | In conclusion, we provide a simple, rapid, and nonradioactive method for HSP70-2 genotyping. |
| 10771 | 8884848 | Our data confirmed that the 8.5-kb allele of HSP70-2 was associated with IDDM susceptibility in the Taiwanese population. |
| 10772 | 8884848 | A rapid method to study heat shock protein 70-2 gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10773 | 8884848 | To examine the role of DNA loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied fine mapping of HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10774 | 8884848 | Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping was then developed and applied to type HSP70-2 in 59 patients with IDDM and 83 unrelated controls recruited from the inhabitants of northern Taiwan. |
| 10775 | 8884848 | The polymorphic site was mapped in the intragenic PstI sequences (nucleotides 1051-1056) of the HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10776 | 8884848 | In conclusion, we provide a simple, rapid, and nonradioactive method for HSP70-2 genotyping. |
| 10777 | 8884848 | Our data confirmed that the 8.5-kb allele of HSP70-2 was associated with IDDM susceptibility in the Taiwanese population. |
| 10778 | 8884848 | A rapid method to study heat shock protein 70-2 gene polymorphism in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10779 | 8884848 | To examine the role of DNA loci within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we studied fine mapping of HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10780 | 8884848 | Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based genotyping was then developed and applied to type HSP70-2 in 59 patients with IDDM and 83 unrelated controls recruited from the inhabitants of northern Taiwan. |
| 10781 | 8884848 | The polymorphic site was mapped in the intragenic PstI sequences (nucleotides 1051-1056) of the HSP70-2 gene. |
| 10782 | 8884848 | In conclusion, we provide a simple, rapid, and nonradioactive method for HSP70-2 genotyping. |
| 10783 | 8884848 | Our data confirmed that the 8.5-kb allele of HSP70-2 was associated with IDDM susceptibility in the Taiwanese population. |
| 10784 | 8887158 | As markers of thyroid autoimmunity, we assessed Th-AAb (MsA and TgA) cross-sectionally in 212 children and adolescents (93 girls and 119 boys) aged 1.2-21 years with IDDM from 0-18 years, and longitudinally in 90/212 (43 girls and 47 boys) at diagnosis and during a 3-10 year follow-up. |
| 10785 | 8887158 | It is known that patients affected by type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have autoantibodies against different organs, such as thyroid, adrenal glands, gastric mucosa, parathyroid, with or without evident dysfunction of the target organ /1-8/. |
| 10786 | 8887158 | As markers of thyroid autoimmunity, we assessed Th-AAb (MsA and TgA) cross-sectionally in 212 children and adolescents (93 girls and 119 boys) aged 1.2-21 years with IDDM from 0-18 years, and longitudinally in 90/212 (43 girls and 47 boys) at diagnosis and during a 3-10 year follow-up. |
| 10787 | 8887158 | It is known that patients affected by type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have autoantibodies against different organs, such as thyroid, adrenal glands, gastric mucosa, parathyroid, with or without evident dysfunction of the target organ /1-8/. |
| 10788 | 8887160 | The association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and CD has been widely reported. |
| 10789 | 8891941 | Salivary peroxidase activity in whole saliva of patients with insulin-dependent (type-1) diabetes mellitus. |
| 10790 | 8891941 | In this study, salivary peroxidase activity was measured in a group of 10 patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had a tendency towards periodontitis. |
| 10791 | 8891958 | An example implementation of the unique-combinations method yields greatly improved risk assessment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from amino acid patterns isolated in an analysis of HLA class II DQA1-DQB1 patient and control genotypes. |
| 10792 | 8893156 | We retrospectively surveyed all of the available medical records of 404 (191 females and 213 males) chronic dialysis patients, of whom 16 (4%) had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 388 (96%) non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 10793 | 8894467 | The following studies show that insulin-induced hypoglycaemia increases the gastric emptying rate for both liquids and solid food in healthy volunteers and in patients with IDDM of short duration. |
| 10794 | 8894467 | The pancreatic polypeptide response in the atropine-treated subjects resembles that seen in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy when exposed to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. |
| 10795 | 8894492 | In accordance with this finding, the mutation was found to be highly prevalent in a diabetes mellitus subset termed slowly progressive IDDM; the mutation was identified in 3 out of 27 subjects enrolled in the prospective study of islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive, initially non-insulin-dependent diabetic Japanese patients, who are at high risk of progressing to insulin dependence over several years. |
| 10796 | 8897011 | Association of IA-2 autoantibodies with HLA DR4 phenotypes in IDDM. |
| 10797 | 8897011 | Insulin, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2 are major targets of humoral autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10798 | 8897011 | We have previously demonstrated that GAD and IA-2 antibodies potentially identify different subsets of IDDM patients. |
| 10799 | 8897011 | The aim of this study was to determine whether GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies were associated with different HLA DR phenotypes. |
| 10800 | 8897011 | At disease onset serum was tested for GAD and IA-2 antibodies by immunoprecipitation by in vitro-translated 35S-methionine labelled recombinant proteins. |
| 10801 | 8897011 | Association of IA-2 autoantibodies with HLA DR4 phenotypes in IDDM. |
| 10802 | 8897011 | Insulin, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2 are major targets of humoral autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10803 | 8897011 | We have previously demonstrated that GAD and IA-2 antibodies potentially identify different subsets of IDDM patients. |
| 10804 | 8897011 | The aim of this study was to determine whether GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies were associated with different HLA DR phenotypes. |
| 10805 | 8897011 | At disease onset serum was tested for GAD and IA-2 antibodies by immunoprecipitation by in vitro-translated 35S-methionine labelled recombinant proteins. |
| 10806 | 8897011 | Association of IA-2 autoantibodies with HLA DR4 phenotypes in IDDM. |
| 10807 | 8897011 | Insulin, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecule IA-2 are major targets of humoral autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10808 | 8897011 | We have previously demonstrated that GAD and IA-2 antibodies potentially identify different subsets of IDDM patients. |
| 10809 | 8897011 | The aim of this study was to determine whether GAD and IA-2 autoantibodies were associated with different HLA DR phenotypes. |
| 10810 | 8897011 | At disease onset serum was tested for GAD and IA-2 antibodies by immunoprecipitation by in vitro-translated 35S-methionine labelled recombinant proteins. |
| 10811 | 8900244 | We report here our analysis of HLA class II alleles in 180 Caucasian nuclear families with at least two children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10812 | 8900244 | DRB1, DQA1, DQB1, and DPB1 genotypes were determined with PCR/sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe typing methods. |
| 10813 | 8900244 | Consistent with other studies, our data indicate an increase in DR3/DR4, DR3/DR3, and DR4/DR4 genotypes in patients compared to controls. |
| 10814 | 8900244 | In addition, we found an increase in DR1/DR4, DR1/DR3, and DR4/DR8 genotypes. |
| 10815 | 8903839 | Data on body composition in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are scarce. |
| 10816 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10817 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10818 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10819 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10820 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10821 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10822 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10823 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10824 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10825 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10826 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10827 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10828 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10829 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10830 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10831 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10832 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10833 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10834 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10835 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10836 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10837 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10838 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10839 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10840 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10841 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10842 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10843 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10844 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10845 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10846 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10847 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10848 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10849 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10850 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10851 | 8906850 | Decreased IL-4 production in new onset type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10852 | 8906850 | IL-4 has been shown to protect against diabetes development in rodent models of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10853 | 8906850 | To study IL-4 production in human IDDM, PBMC from IDDM patients and controls were stimulated in vitro with PHA, anti-CD3 mAb, or PMA and ionophore. |
| 10854 | 8906850 | IL-4 production by PBMC or T cells was strongly impaired in IDDM patients at diabetes onset (p < 0.0001). |
| 10855 | 8906850 | Patients with IDDM of longer duration (>2 yr) showed a wide range of IL-4 responses and their mean IL-4 response was lower than the controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. |
| 10856 | 8906850 | In contrast, IL-1 production (measured by ELISA) and IFN-gamma mRNA (measured by reverse transcription PCR) were not significantly different in IDDM. |
| 10857 | 8906850 | Deficient IL-4 production as seen at the onset of IDDM may play a role in the development of diabetes by allowing the inflammatory/autoimmune process in pancreatic islets to progress. |
| 10858 | 8906979 | In IDDM patients with clinical nephropathy, a positive correlation has been demonstrated between the blood pressure and the urinary albumin excretion and reduction of blood pressure reduces albuminuria as well as the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate. |
| 10859 | 8906979 | It was demonstrated that in IDDM patients with elevated urinary albumin excretion above normal level the prevalence of hypertension is 60%, whereas in patients without signs of renal impairment hypertension is not more prevalent as in the age and sex-matched background population (about 4% in both groups). |
| 10860 | 8906979 | In contrast to the hypertensive patients with nephropathy, a normal transcapillary escape rate of albumin and normal plasma levels of von Willebrand factor, of angiotensin-converting-enzyme and of inactive renin were demonstrated in the former group of patients. |
| 10861 | 8906979 | In IDDM patients with clinical nephropathy, a positive correlation has been demonstrated between the blood pressure and the urinary albumin excretion and reduction of blood pressure reduces albuminuria as well as the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate. |
| 10862 | 8906979 | It was demonstrated that in IDDM patients with elevated urinary albumin excretion above normal level the prevalence of hypertension is 60%, whereas in patients without signs of renal impairment hypertension is not more prevalent as in the age and sex-matched background population (about 4% in both groups). |
| 10863 | 8906979 | In contrast to the hypertensive patients with nephropathy, a normal transcapillary escape rate of albumin and normal plasma levels of von Willebrand factor, of angiotensin-converting-enzyme and of inactive renin were demonstrated in the former group of patients. |
| 10864 | 8909943 | The T-cell receptor beta locus (TCRB) on chromosome 7q35 was studied as a candidate region for genetic susceptibility to type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 10865 | 8909943 | A highly polymorphic microsatellite marker mapping to the TCRBV6.7 gene and a TCRB C-region RFLP were used to genotype the members of a total of 21 multiplex IDDM families from two different geographical areas. |
| 10866 | 8909943 | There was no evidence to support linkage to either of these markers with IDDM, and conventional two-point analysis excluded linkage to the telomeric end of the TCRB complex, in the region of the highly informative TCRBV6.7 marker. |
| 10867 | 8909943 | There was significant linkage of IDDM to the class II HLA-D locus with significant lod scores > 3.0 obtained for the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes. |
| 10868 | 8909943 | The T-cell receptor beta locus (TCRB) on chromosome 7q35 was studied as a candidate region for genetic susceptibility to type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 10869 | 8909943 | A highly polymorphic microsatellite marker mapping to the TCRBV6.7 gene and a TCRB C-region RFLP were used to genotype the members of a total of 21 multiplex IDDM families from two different geographical areas. |
| 10870 | 8909943 | There was no evidence to support linkage to either of these markers with IDDM, and conventional two-point analysis excluded linkage to the telomeric end of the TCRB complex, in the region of the highly informative TCRBV6.7 marker. |
| 10871 | 8909943 | There was significant linkage of IDDM to the class II HLA-D locus with significant lod scores > 3.0 obtained for the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes. |
| 10872 | 8909943 | The T-cell receptor beta locus (TCRB) on chromosome 7q35 was studied as a candidate region for genetic susceptibility to type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 10873 | 8909943 | A highly polymorphic microsatellite marker mapping to the TCRBV6.7 gene and a TCRB C-region RFLP were used to genotype the members of a total of 21 multiplex IDDM families from two different geographical areas. |
| 10874 | 8909943 | There was no evidence to support linkage to either of these markers with IDDM, and conventional two-point analysis excluded linkage to the telomeric end of the TCRB complex, in the region of the highly informative TCRBV6.7 marker. |
| 10875 | 8909943 | There was significant linkage of IDDM to the class II HLA-D locus with significant lod scores > 3.0 obtained for the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes. |
| 10876 | 8909943 | The T-cell receptor beta locus (TCRB) on chromosome 7q35 was studied as a candidate region for genetic susceptibility to type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 10877 | 8909943 | A highly polymorphic microsatellite marker mapping to the TCRBV6.7 gene and a TCRB C-region RFLP were used to genotype the members of a total of 21 multiplex IDDM families from two different geographical areas. |
| 10878 | 8909943 | There was no evidence to support linkage to either of these markers with IDDM, and conventional two-point analysis excluded linkage to the telomeric end of the TCRB complex, in the region of the highly informative TCRBV6.7 marker. |
| 10879 | 8909943 | There was significant linkage of IDDM to the class II HLA-D locus with significant lod scores > 3.0 obtained for the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes. |
| 10880 | 8910816 | A retrospective study on the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children aged 0-14 years was carried out from 1989-1993 in urban Shanghai, China. |
| 10881 | 8910934 | We have collected information from nine European clinics to determine whether ICSA are more common in diabetic children or their relatives in geographical areas or time periods of high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10882 | 8911783 | Objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria and the level of glycaemic control obtained in a young Italian population-based cohort of subjects with short duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10883 | 8911856 | Effect of polymorphism in the insulin gene region on IDDM susceptibility and insulin secretion. |
| 10884 | 8911856 | In addition to the major genetic determinants of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6, there are also minor genetic risk markers, e.g. in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 10885 | 8911856 | The frequency of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype was higher in diabetic subjects with a low risk HLA DQB1 genotype than in control subjects (P = 0.05). |
| 10886 | 8911856 | Furthermore, we studied siblings positive for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and/or insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) to evaluate the impact of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype on their beta-cell function assessed by sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests and on their progression to IDDM. |
| 10887 | 8911856 | When analysing siblings with a low-risk HLA DQB1 genotype, those with the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype had lower first phase insulin responses (P < 0.02) on several occasions than the remaining sibling. |
| 10888 | 8911856 | These observations suggest that the-23 HphI INS +/+ polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of IDDM in subjects without predisposing genes in the MHC region. |
| 10889 | 8911856 | Effect of polymorphism in the insulin gene region on IDDM susceptibility and insulin secretion. |
| 10890 | 8911856 | In addition to the major genetic determinants of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6, there are also minor genetic risk markers, e.g. in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 10891 | 8911856 | The frequency of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype was higher in diabetic subjects with a low risk HLA DQB1 genotype than in control subjects (P = 0.05). |
| 10892 | 8911856 | Furthermore, we studied siblings positive for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and/or insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) to evaluate the impact of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype on their beta-cell function assessed by sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests and on their progression to IDDM. |
| 10893 | 8911856 | When analysing siblings with a low-risk HLA DQB1 genotype, those with the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype had lower first phase insulin responses (P < 0.02) on several occasions than the remaining sibling. |
| 10894 | 8911856 | These observations suggest that the-23 HphI INS +/+ polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of IDDM in subjects without predisposing genes in the MHC region. |
| 10895 | 8911856 | Effect of polymorphism in the insulin gene region on IDDM susceptibility and insulin secretion. |
| 10896 | 8911856 | In addition to the major genetic determinants of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6, there are also minor genetic risk markers, e.g. in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 10897 | 8911856 | The frequency of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype was higher in diabetic subjects with a low risk HLA DQB1 genotype than in control subjects (P = 0.05). |
| 10898 | 8911856 | Furthermore, we studied siblings positive for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and/or insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) to evaluate the impact of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype on their beta-cell function assessed by sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests and on their progression to IDDM. |
| 10899 | 8911856 | When analysing siblings with a low-risk HLA DQB1 genotype, those with the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype had lower first phase insulin responses (P < 0.02) on several occasions than the remaining sibling. |
| 10900 | 8911856 | These observations suggest that the-23 HphI INS +/+ polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of IDDM in subjects without predisposing genes in the MHC region. |
| 10901 | 8911856 | Effect of polymorphism in the insulin gene region on IDDM susceptibility and insulin secretion. |
| 10902 | 8911856 | In addition to the major genetic determinants of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6, there are also minor genetic risk markers, e.g. in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 10903 | 8911856 | The frequency of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype was higher in diabetic subjects with a low risk HLA DQB1 genotype than in control subjects (P = 0.05). |
| 10904 | 8911856 | Furthermore, we studied siblings positive for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and/or insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) to evaluate the impact of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype on their beta-cell function assessed by sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests and on their progression to IDDM. |
| 10905 | 8911856 | When analysing siblings with a low-risk HLA DQB1 genotype, those with the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype had lower first phase insulin responses (P < 0.02) on several occasions than the remaining sibling. |
| 10906 | 8911856 | These observations suggest that the-23 HphI INS +/+ polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of IDDM in subjects without predisposing genes in the MHC region. |
| 10907 | 8914037 | An increased activity of the Na+/H+ antiporter in cells from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been proposed as a potential marker of nephropathy. |
| 10908 | 8914037 | We evaluated Na+/H+ antiporter activity and its relationship to DNA and protein synthesis in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with IDDM classified as having either overt nephropathy or absence of nephropathy on the basis of urinary albumin excretion and kidney biopsy findings. |
| 10909 | 8914037 | An increased activity of the Na+/H+ antiporter in cells from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been proposed as a potential marker of nephropathy. |
| 10910 | 8914037 | We evaluated Na+/H+ antiporter activity and its relationship to DNA and protein synthesis in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with IDDM classified as having either overt nephropathy or absence of nephropathy on the basis of urinary albumin excretion and kidney biopsy findings. |
| 10911 | 8915692 | We extracted gammaglobulins from the serum of 10 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to investigate their effect on anterior pituitary hormone secretion using cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells. |
| 10912 | 8915692 | The gammaglobulin from each of the 3 patients with PGA and an isolated failure of secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or gonadotropin inhibited the secretion of ACTH, TSH or gonadotropin in cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells. |
| 10913 | 8918580 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10914 | 8918580 | Radiolabelled immunoprecipitated pellets from the reaction of potent antisera to GAD from patients with IDDM were examined by autoradiography after SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions. |
| 10915 | 8918580 | Depletion by immunoprecipitation of this minor higher M(r) component from preparations of GAD left, in the supernatant, an abundance of GAD of M(r) 64-65 kD corresponding to monomer that was completely non-reactive with potent IDDM sera. |
| 10916 | 8918580 | We conclude that IDDM sera react with the GAD molecule in a dimeric (or oligomeric) form. |
| 10917 | 8918580 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10918 | 8918580 | Radiolabelled immunoprecipitated pellets from the reaction of potent antisera to GAD from patients with IDDM were examined by autoradiography after SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions. |
| 10919 | 8918580 | Depletion by immunoprecipitation of this minor higher M(r) component from preparations of GAD left, in the supernatant, an abundance of GAD of M(r) 64-65 kD corresponding to monomer that was completely non-reactive with potent IDDM sera. |
| 10920 | 8918580 | We conclude that IDDM sera react with the GAD molecule in a dimeric (or oligomeric) form. |
| 10921 | 8918580 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10922 | 8918580 | Radiolabelled immunoprecipitated pellets from the reaction of potent antisera to GAD from patients with IDDM were examined by autoradiography after SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions. |
| 10923 | 8918580 | Depletion by immunoprecipitation of this minor higher M(r) component from preparations of GAD left, in the supernatant, an abundance of GAD of M(r) 64-65 kD corresponding to monomer that was completely non-reactive with potent IDDM sera. |
| 10924 | 8918580 | We conclude that IDDM sera react with the GAD molecule in a dimeric (or oligomeric) form. |
| 10925 | 8918580 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10926 | 8918580 | Radiolabelled immunoprecipitated pellets from the reaction of potent antisera to GAD from patients with IDDM were examined by autoradiography after SDS-PAGE under reducing or non-reducing conditions. |
| 10927 | 8918580 | Depletion by immunoprecipitation of this minor higher M(r) component from preparations of GAD left, in the supernatant, an abundance of GAD of M(r) 64-65 kD corresponding to monomer that was completely non-reactive with potent IDDM sera. |
| 10928 | 8918580 | We conclude that IDDM sera react with the GAD molecule in a dimeric (or oligomeric) form. |
| 10929 | 8919651 | Plasma prorenin and renin, serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3) concentrations were measured in 22 randomly selected male and female patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-IDDM (NIDDM). |
| 10930 | 8919651 | Similarly, serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in patients with proliferative retinopathy (126.3 +/- 21.5 micrograms L-1) was significantly higher than in patients with nonproliferative retinopathy (126.3 +/- 14.85 micrograms L-1, P < 0.004) and without retinopathy (135.2 +/- 37.26, P < 0.05). |
| 10931 | 8920883 | To analyze the effects of TNF alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have generated nonobese diabetic (NOD) transgenic mice expressing TNF alpha under the control of the rat insulin II promoter (RIP). |
| 10932 | 8920883 | In transgenic mice, TNF alpha expression on the islets resulted in massive insulitis, composed of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. |
| 10933 | 8920883 | Despite infiltration of considerable number of lymphoid cells in islets, expression of TNF alpha protected NOD mice from IDDM. |
| 10934 | 8920883 | Diabetes was induced however, in the RIP-TNF alpha transgenic mice when CD8+ diabetogenic cloned T cells or splenic cells from diabetic NOD mice were adoptively transferred to these mice. |
| 10935 | 8920883 | To analyze the effects of TNF alpha in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have generated nonobese diabetic (NOD) transgenic mice expressing TNF alpha under the control of the rat insulin II promoter (RIP). |
| 10936 | 8920883 | In transgenic mice, TNF alpha expression on the islets resulted in massive insulitis, composed of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and B cells. |
| 10937 | 8920883 | Despite infiltration of considerable number of lymphoid cells in islets, expression of TNF alpha protected NOD mice from IDDM. |
| 10938 | 8920883 | Diabetes was induced however, in the RIP-TNF alpha transgenic mice when CD8+ diabetogenic cloned T cells or splenic cells from diabetic NOD mice were adoptively transferred to these mice. |
| 10939 | 8920894 | The T lymphocytes mediating autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be generated due to functional defects in hematopoietically derived antigen-presenting cells (APC). |
| 10940 | 8921967 | To identify the binding motifs of peptides which bind to the celiac disease and insulin-dependent-diabetes-mellitus (IDDM)-associated DQ2 molecule, peptides were eluted from affinity-purified DQ2 molecules. |
| 10941 | 8922534 | The influence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) duration on superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. |
| 10942 | 8922534 | We address the question whether oxygen metabolism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) is influenced by disease duration in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10943 | 8922534 | The influence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) duration on superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. |
| 10944 | 8922534 | We address the question whether oxygen metabolism of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) is influenced by disease duration in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10945 | 8925208 | Antinuclear antibodies were detected and studied by indirect immunofluorescence in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjected to allotransplantation of pancreatic islet cell culture (PICT). |
| 10946 | 8925851 | The study was performed to investigate subclinical abnormalities in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to correlate them with patients characteristics. |
| 10947 | 8927042 | In human trials, insulin sensitivity improved in patients with NIDDM, as well as in some patients with IDDM after two weeks of treatment with sodium metavanadate. |
| 10948 | 8927042 | Clinically, oral vanadate was associated with a small decrease in insulin requirements in IDDM subjects. |
| 10949 | 8927042 | In human trials, insulin sensitivity improved in patients with NIDDM, as well as in some patients with IDDM after two weeks of treatment with sodium metavanadate. |
| 10950 | 8927042 | Clinically, oral vanadate was associated with a small decrease in insulin requirements in IDDM subjects. |
| 10951 | 8927959 | The object of the study was, first, to investigate whether girls suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are more overweight than an age- and puberty-matched control group and, second, to study the impact of diet, calorie intake and pubertal stage on body mass index (BMI), body weight and fat content. |
| 10952 | 8929711 | Different contribution of HLA-DR and -DQ genes in susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10953 | 8929711 | Previous studies have indicated that certain alleles of HLA-DR and -DQ genes were strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the role of DQ molecule in IDDM has been suggested. |
| 10954 | 8929711 | Different contribution of HLA-DR and -DQ genes in susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 10955 | 8929711 | Previous studies have indicated that certain alleles of HLA-DR and -DQ genes were strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the role of DQ molecule in IDDM has been suggested. |
| 10956 | 8931649 | Although it is understood that patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) lose the ability to release glucagon during a hypoglycemic challenge, the relationship of this defect to the disease onset and loss of beta-cell function is not well defined. |
| 10957 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10958 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 10959 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 10960 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 10961 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 10962 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10963 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10964 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 10965 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10966 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 10967 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10968 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 10969 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 10970 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 10971 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 10972 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10973 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10974 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 10975 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10976 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 10977 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10978 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 10979 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 10980 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 10981 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 10982 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10983 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10984 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 10985 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10986 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 10987 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10988 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 10989 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 10990 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 10991 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 10992 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10993 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10994 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 10995 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 10996 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 10997 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 10998 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 10999 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 11000 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 11001 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 11002 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11003 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11004 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 11005 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11006 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 11007 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11008 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 11009 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 11010 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 11011 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 11012 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11013 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11014 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 11015 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11016 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 11017 | 8931651 | Prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia are reduced in well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11018 | 8931651 | Several pituitary hormones, including corticotropin (ACTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin, and beta-endorphin (but not thyrotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, or luteinizing hormone), are released in response to hypoglycemia in normal subjects. |
| 11019 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 11020 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 11021 | 8931651 | The 10 diabetic subjects in good glycemic control (mean hemoglobin A1 [HbA1], 7.5% +/- 0.3%; normal range, 5.4% to 7.4%) were compared with the 10 poorly controlled patients (mean HbA1, 12.6% +/- 0.5%; P < .001 v well-controlled diabetic group). |
| 11022 | 8931651 | During hypoglycemia, prolactin levels in the well-controlled diabetic group did not change (7 +/- 1 microgram/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 9 +/- 2 micrograms/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L), whereas prolactin levels increased markedly in the poorly controlled diabetic group (7 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 44 +/- 17 micrograms/L) and healthy volunteers (12 +/- 2 micrograms/L to 60 +/- 19 micrograms/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11023 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11024 | 8931651 | The increase in beta-endorphin levels was also attenuated in well-controlled IDDM patients (4 +/- 1 pmol/L at plasma glucose 5.0 mmol/L to 11 +/- 4 pmol/L at plasma glucose 2.2 mmol/L) versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (5 +/- 1 pmol/L to 26 +/- 7 pmol/L) and healthy subjects (8 +/- 1 pmol/L to 56 +/- 13 pmol/L). |
| 11025 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 11026 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 11027 | 8932539 | A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 30-mug, 100-mug, and 300-mug 2-minute bolus doses and 2-hour infusion doses of AC137 (25,28,29 tripro-amylin, human) on plasma AC137 concentrations and plasma glucose and lactate responses in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11028 | 8932997 | HLA-DQB1*0201/0302 is associated with severe retinopathy in patients with IDDM. |
| 11029 | 8932997 | Some insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients develop severe forms of retinopathy. |
| 11030 | 8932997 | HLA-DQB1*0201/0302 is associated with severe retinopathy in patients with IDDM. |
| 11031 | 8932997 | Some insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients develop severe forms of retinopathy. |
| 11032 | 8932998 | Proliferative lymphocyte responses to virus antigens homologous to GAD65 in IDDM. |
| 11033 | 8932998 | Virus infection has been proposed as an initiating factor in the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11034 | 8932998 | The frequency of positive response to the coxsackie B viruses was also significantly higher in IDDM subjects expressing the DRB 1*04 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype than the DRB 1*03 haplotype. |
| 11035 | 8932998 | These results indicate a disease and MHC class II association between coxsackie B virus infection and IDDM and an association between adenovirus infection and IDDM. |
| 11036 | 8932998 | Proliferative lymphocyte responses to virus antigens homologous to GAD65 in IDDM. |
| 11037 | 8932998 | Virus infection has been proposed as an initiating factor in the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11038 | 8932998 | The frequency of positive response to the coxsackie B viruses was also significantly higher in IDDM subjects expressing the DRB 1*04 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype than the DRB 1*03 haplotype. |
| 11039 | 8932998 | These results indicate a disease and MHC class II association between coxsackie B virus infection and IDDM and an association between adenovirus infection and IDDM. |
| 11040 | 8932998 | Proliferative lymphocyte responses to virus antigens homologous to GAD65 in IDDM. |
| 11041 | 8932998 | Virus infection has been proposed as an initiating factor in the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11042 | 8932998 | The frequency of positive response to the coxsackie B viruses was also significantly higher in IDDM subjects expressing the DRB 1*04 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype than the DRB 1*03 haplotype. |
| 11043 | 8932998 | These results indicate a disease and MHC class II association between coxsackie B virus infection and IDDM and an association between adenovirus infection and IDDM. |
| 11044 | 8932998 | Proliferative lymphocyte responses to virus antigens homologous to GAD65 in IDDM. |
| 11045 | 8932998 | Virus infection has been proposed as an initiating factor in the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11046 | 8932998 | The frequency of positive response to the coxsackie B viruses was also significantly higher in IDDM subjects expressing the DRB 1*04 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype than the DRB 1*03 haplotype. |
| 11047 | 8932998 | These results indicate a disease and MHC class II association between coxsackie B virus infection and IDDM and an association between adenovirus infection and IDDM. |
| 11048 | 8933004 | Combined screening for autoantibodies to IA-2 and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM. |
| 11049 | 8933004 | To determine the value of antibodies to the intracytoplasmic domain of the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (anti-IA-2ic) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) for identification of subjects at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we investigated 1238 first degree relatives of patients with IDDM for the presence of anti-IA-2ic and GADA and compared the results with cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 11050 | 8933004 | Combined screening for autoantibodies to IA-2 and antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase in first degree relatives of patients with IDDM. |
| 11051 | 8933004 | To determine the value of antibodies to the intracytoplasmic domain of the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (anti-IA-2ic) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) for identification of subjects at risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) we investigated 1238 first degree relatives of patients with IDDM for the presence of anti-IA-2ic and GADA and compared the results with cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA). |
| 11052 | 8933006 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with autoantibodies to several pancreatic islet antigens. |
| 11053 | 8933008 | The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study involved the examination of 3250 randomly selected insulin-dependent diabetic patients, from 31 centres in 16 European countries. |
| 11054 | 8933009 | Autonomic dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients has been associated with abnormalities of left ventricular function and an increased risk of sudden death. |
| 11055 | 8933280 | Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is implicated as a mediator of islet beta-cell destruction in autoimmune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11056 | 8933280 | Because interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent inducer of IFN-gamma production, we sought evidence implicating IL-12 in IDDM development. |
| 11057 | 8933280 | Expression of mRNA encoding the p40 chain of IL-12 (IL-12 p40) in mono-nuclear leukocytes isolated from islets of female NOD mice increased progressively from age 5 weeks to diabetes onset (> 13 weeks). |
| 11058 | 8933280 | By contrast, IL-12 p40 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in islet mononuclear leukocytes, but not spleens, from female NOD mice protected from diabetes by administration of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in early life. |
| 11059 | 8933280 | In addition, mRNA levels of IL-12 p40, IFN-gamma and IL-2 were significantly decreased in syngeneic islet grafts, but not spleens, from female NOD mice protected from diabetes recurrence by CFA administration at the time of islet transplantation. |
| 11060 | 8933280 | These findings show that IL-12 gene expression in the insulitis lesion correlates with both primary and recurrent diabetes development in NOD mice, possibly via induction of T helper (Th) 1-type cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-gamma. |
| 11061 | 8933280 | Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is implicated as a mediator of islet beta-cell destruction in autoimmune, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11062 | 8933280 | Because interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent inducer of IFN-gamma production, we sought evidence implicating IL-12 in IDDM development. |
| 11063 | 8933280 | Expression of mRNA encoding the p40 chain of IL-12 (IL-12 p40) in mono-nuclear leukocytes isolated from islets of female NOD mice increased progressively from age 5 weeks to diabetes onset (> 13 weeks). |
| 11064 | 8933280 | By contrast, IL-12 p40 mRNA levels were significantly decreased in islet mononuclear leukocytes, but not spleens, from female NOD mice protected from diabetes by administration of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in early life. |
| 11065 | 8933280 | In addition, mRNA levels of IL-12 p40, IFN-gamma and IL-2 were significantly decreased in syngeneic islet grafts, but not spleens, from female NOD mice protected from diabetes recurrence by CFA administration at the time of islet transplantation. |
| 11066 | 8933280 | These findings show that IL-12 gene expression in the insulitis lesion correlates with both primary and recurrent diabetes development in NOD mice, possibly via induction of T helper (Th) 1-type cytokines, IL-2 and IFN-gamma. |
| 11067 | 8933284 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and the precursors of the 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments. |
| 11068 | 8933284 | Serological studies revealed that a high percentage of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta and that the presence of these autoantibodies in otherwise normal individuals is highly predictive in identifying those at risk of ultimately developing clinical diabetes. |
| 11069 | 8933284 | Moreover, many patients who are ICA positive, but who do not have Abs to GAD65, have Abs to IA-2/IA-2 beta. |
| 11070 | 8933284 | It is concluded that IA-2/IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and together with GAD65 are responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 11071 | 8933284 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and the precursors of the 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments. |
| 11072 | 8933284 | Serological studies revealed that a high percentage of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta and that the presence of these autoantibodies in otherwise normal individuals is highly predictive in identifying those at risk of ultimately developing clinical diabetes. |
| 11073 | 8933284 | Moreover, many patients who are ICA positive, but who do not have Abs to GAD65, have Abs to IA-2/IA-2 beta. |
| 11074 | 8933284 | It is concluded that IA-2/IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and together with GAD65 are responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 11075 | 8933284 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and the precursors of the 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments. |
| 11076 | 8933284 | Serological studies revealed that a high percentage of patients with IDDM have autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta and that the presence of these autoantibodies in otherwise normal individuals is highly predictive in identifying those at risk of ultimately developing clinical diabetes. |
| 11077 | 8933284 | Moreover, many patients who are ICA positive, but who do not have Abs to GAD65, have Abs to IA-2/IA-2 beta. |
| 11078 | 8933284 | It is concluded that IA-2/IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in IDDM and together with GAD65 are responsible for much of the reactivity of ICA with pancreatic islets. |
| 11079 | 8933286 | Detection of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies by indirect immunofluorescence using CHO cells expressing recombinant human GAD65. |
| 11080 | 8933286 | The reaction between human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) expressed in CHO cells and GAD antibodies was studied by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). |
| 11081 | 8933286 | Twelve of 26 sera from newly-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients displayed a variety of anti GAD specific IIF images encompassing the two extremes observed with the monoclonal antibodies. |
| 11082 | 8933286 | Our results established differences in anti GAD antibodies in terms of their capacity to recognize human GAD65 in the context of transformed CHO cells compared with conventional IP assays. |
| 11083 | 8936898 | Examined the initial impact and subsequent adjustment to the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11084 | 8937686 | Abnormalities in postthymic T cell development in the BB/W rat model of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) result in part from a lymphopenia (lyp) gene defect. |
| 11085 | 8937686 | These results suggested that, at a minimum, an arrest in maturation of the Thy1+ precursors of RT6+ T cells occurs postthymically in DP rats. |
| 11086 | 8937686 | The results showed that in DP, as compared with DR, rats: 1) 5-fold fewer RTE's are exported from the thymus per 24 hr; 2) more than 80% of the RTE's are CD4+; 3) most of the immediate descendants of RTE's disappear from the peripheral lymphoid tissues within one week after export from the thymus; and 4) few of the descendants of the RTE's that do survive differentiate into RT6+ T cells. |
| 11087 | 8937800 | The aim of this study was to determine the ouabain receptor density, sodium content and contractile properties of skeletal muscles in rats with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin treatment. |
| 11088 | 8938061 | A nested case-control study using stored serum samples collected as part of a prospective study of the outcome of pregnancy was performed to investigate concentrations of (dimeric) inhibin-A in maternal serum between 15 and 22 weeks of pregnancy in 126 pregnancies among 92 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11089 | 8943434 | Autoreactive islet cell Abs (ICA) accompany the pathogenic destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11090 | 8943434 | We have isolated 4 new ICA-reactive B cell lines, one from a DR4/DR11-positive newly diagnosed IDDM patient (MICA 7) and three from a DR3 homozygous patient with both IDDM and Graves' disease (MICA 8-10). |
| 11091 | 8943434 | Like MICA 1-6, MICA 7-10 are specific for GAD65, suggesting that GAD65-reactive B cells dominate the ICA response in IDDM. |
| 11092 | 8943434 | MICA 1-6, 7, and 8-10, derived from three IDDM patients of different HLA haplotypes, define six different epitopes in GAD65 and represent tools to determine the spectrum, possible HLA association, and temporal order of epitope recognition in IDDM. |
| 11093 | 8943434 | Autoreactive islet cell Abs (ICA) accompany the pathogenic destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11094 | 8943434 | We have isolated 4 new ICA-reactive B cell lines, one from a DR4/DR11-positive newly diagnosed IDDM patient (MICA 7) and three from a DR3 homozygous patient with both IDDM and Graves' disease (MICA 8-10). |
| 11095 | 8943434 | Like MICA 1-6, MICA 7-10 are specific for GAD65, suggesting that GAD65-reactive B cells dominate the ICA response in IDDM. |
| 11096 | 8943434 | MICA 1-6, 7, and 8-10, derived from three IDDM patients of different HLA haplotypes, define six different epitopes in GAD65 and represent tools to determine the spectrum, possible HLA association, and temporal order of epitope recognition in IDDM. |
| 11097 | 8943434 | Autoreactive islet cell Abs (ICA) accompany the pathogenic destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11098 | 8943434 | We have isolated 4 new ICA-reactive B cell lines, one from a DR4/DR11-positive newly diagnosed IDDM patient (MICA 7) and three from a DR3 homozygous patient with both IDDM and Graves' disease (MICA 8-10). |
| 11099 | 8943434 | Like MICA 1-6, MICA 7-10 are specific for GAD65, suggesting that GAD65-reactive B cells dominate the ICA response in IDDM. |
| 11100 | 8943434 | MICA 1-6, 7, and 8-10, derived from three IDDM patients of different HLA haplotypes, define six different epitopes in GAD65 and represent tools to determine the spectrum, possible HLA association, and temporal order of epitope recognition in IDDM. |
| 11101 | 8943434 | Autoreactive islet cell Abs (ICA) accompany the pathogenic destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11102 | 8943434 | We have isolated 4 new ICA-reactive B cell lines, one from a DR4/DR11-positive newly diagnosed IDDM patient (MICA 7) and three from a DR3 homozygous patient with both IDDM and Graves' disease (MICA 8-10). |
| 11103 | 8943434 | Like MICA 1-6, MICA 7-10 are specific for GAD65, suggesting that GAD65-reactive B cells dominate the ICA response in IDDM. |
| 11104 | 8943434 | MICA 1-6, 7, and 8-10, derived from three IDDM patients of different HLA haplotypes, define six different epitopes in GAD65 and represent tools to determine the spectrum, possible HLA association, and temporal order of epitope recognition in IDDM. |
| 11105 | 8943976 | Analysis by type of diabetes revealed that subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) had a higher prevalence of GSD than controls for both genders: males-controls 18.1%, NIDDM 33.3% (P < 0.05), IDDM 15.6% ns; females-controls 23.1%, NIDDM 48.6% (P < 0.001), IDDM 36.3% (P < 0.05). |
| 11106 | 8948517 | Whereas the majority of available clinical trials have assessed the effects of ACE inhibitors in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), there are relatively few long-term studies that have evaluated the renal protective effects of ACE inhibitors and calcium antagonists in patients with nondiabetic renal disease. |
| 11107 | 8948898 | The serological findings of HLA antigens showed a significant association of DR3, DR4, DQ2 and DQ8 and a protective effect of DR11, DR15, DQ5, DQ6 and DQ7. |
| 11108 | 8948898 | With these results, DNA analysis of HLA-DRB1, B3, B4, DQA1, DQB1, DPA1, DPB1 genes was performed using PCR with allele specific oligotyping. |
| 11109 | 8948898 | Positions 57 and 74 of DRB1 locus contribute highly to the expression and severity of IDDM in Mestizos and other ethnic groups, but not in Caucasians or Blacks. |
| 11110 | 8950668 | Previously our case-control study in the Belgian population showed significant association between IDDM and certain HLA class II alleles, in particular Lys71+, encoding DRB1 alleles. |
| 11111 | 8950668 | In the present study, 81 Danish multiplex IDDM families and 82 healthy Danish controls were examined for polymorphisms in the HLA-DRB genes and 54 of the 81 families for polymorphisms in HLA-B, -DQA1, -DQB1, -TNFA, and -TNFB genes. |
| 11112 | 8950668 | Linkage between IDDM and DRB1 alleles that encode Lys71+ was shown by affected zib pair analysis which showed strong linkage (p < 1 x 10(-6). |
| 11113 | 8950668 | Previously our case-control study in the Belgian population showed significant association between IDDM and certain HLA class II alleles, in particular Lys71+, encoding DRB1 alleles. |
| 11114 | 8950668 | In the present study, 81 Danish multiplex IDDM families and 82 healthy Danish controls were examined for polymorphisms in the HLA-DRB genes and 54 of the 81 families for polymorphisms in HLA-B, -DQA1, -DQB1, -TNFA, and -TNFB genes. |
| 11115 | 8950668 | Linkage between IDDM and DRB1 alleles that encode Lys71+ was shown by affected zib pair analysis which showed strong linkage (p < 1 x 10(-6). |
| 11116 | 8950668 | Previously our case-control study in the Belgian population showed significant association between IDDM and certain HLA class II alleles, in particular Lys71+, encoding DRB1 alleles. |
| 11117 | 8950668 | In the present study, 81 Danish multiplex IDDM families and 82 healthy Danish controls were examined for polymorphisms in the HLA-DRB genes and 54 of the 81 families for polymorphisms in HLA-B, -DQA1, -DQB1, -TNFA, and -TNFB genes. |
| 11118 | 8950668 | Linkage between IDDM and DRB1 alleles that encode Lys71+ was shown by affected zib pair analysis which showed strong linkage (p < 1 x 10(-6). |
| 11119 | 8953638 | From around 91,000 women having routine prenatal screening for Down's syndrome and neural tube defects between July 1992 and October 1995, 261 women were identified as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11120 | 8953638 | After correction for maternal weight, the AFP and hCG levels in the IDDM patients were 0.98 and 0.92 MOM, respectively. |
| 11121 | 8953638 | From around 91,000 women having routine prenatal screening for Down's syndrome and neural tube defects between July 1992 and October 1995, 261 women were identified as having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11122 | 8953638 | After correction for maternal weight, the AFP and hCG levels in the IDDM patients were 0.98 and 0.92 MOM, respectively. |
| 11123 | 8954033 | To better understand potential associations of circulating adhesion molecules (cAMs) with diabetic microangiopathy, circulating serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (cVCAM-1), and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (cELAM-1) were determined in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 70) presenting with varying degree of metabolic control and status of diabetic late complications, and were compared with age-matched healthy subjects (n = 70) in a cross-sectional study. |
| 11124 | 8955220 | Insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells mediated predominantly by cellular effector mechanisms. |
| 11125 | 8957270 | For adolescent IDDM patients with suboptimal metabolic control due to a marked dawn-phenomenon, with high fasting glucose concentrations despite a bedtime injection of NPH insulin, bedtime injection of Semilente insulin may result in reduced fasting hyperglycemia on the next morning. |
| 11126 | 8957954 | The determinants of the degree of metabolic decompensation at the diagnosis of type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the possible role of diabetic ketoacidosis in the preservation and recovery of residual beta cell function were examined in 745 Finnish children and adolescents. |
| 11127 | 8957954 | Low serum C peptide concentrations, high requirement of exogenous insulin, low prevalence of remission, and high glycated haemoglobin concentrations were observed during the follow up in the group of probands having diabetic ketoacidosis at the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 11128 | 8957954 | The determinants of the degree of metabolic decompensation at the diagnosis of type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the possible role of diabetic ketoacidosis in the preservation and recovery of residual beta cell function were examined in 745 Finnish children and adolescents. |
| 11129 | 8957954 | Low serum C peptide concentrations, high requirement of exogenous insulin, low prevalence of remission, and high glycated haemoglobin concentrations were observed during the follow up in the group of probands having diabetic ketoacidosis at the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 11130 | 8958211 | HLA-DQB1-defined genetic susceptibility, beta cell autoimmunity, and metabolic characteristics in familial and nonfamilial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11131 | 8958211 | Familial aggregation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a common phenomenon, but the reasons behind it are poorly understood. |
| 11132 | 8958211 | The frequencies of HLA-DQB1 genotypes known to be associated with high (DQB1*0302/0201) or moderate (*0302/x) IDDM risk in the Finnish population were increased, while the proportions of DQB1 genotypes associated with low or decreased risk for IDDM were reduced in the 121 familial cases as compared with the 574 nonfamilial cases (32.7 vs. 21.3%, 41.3 vs. 35.9%, 18.3 vs. 31.4%, and 7.7 vs. 11.4%, respectively; P = 0.002). |
| 11133 | 8958211 | HLA-DQB1-defined genetic susceptibility, beta cell autoimmunity, and metabolic characteristics in familial and nonfamilial insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11134 | 8958211 | Familial aggregation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a common phenomenon, but the reasons behind it are poorly understood. |
| 11135 | 8958211 | The frequencies of HLA-DQB1 genotypes known to be associated with high (DQB1*0302/0201) or moderate (*0302/x) IDDM risk in the Finnish population were increased, while the proportions of DQB1 genotypes associated with low or decreased risk for IDDM were reduced in the 121 familial cases as compared with the 574 nonfamilial cases (32.7 vs. 21.3%, 41.3 vs. 35.9%, 18.3 vs. 31.4%, and 7.7 vs. 11.4%, respectively; P = 0.002). |
| 11136 | 8960828 | We evaluated the effect of improving glycaemic control with intensive insulin therapy on LDL susceptibility to oxidation, electronegative LDL proportion, and LDL subfraction phenotype in a group of 25 patients with short-duration insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); 25 matched healthy control subjects were also studied. |
| 11137 | 8960832 | Effect of intraperitoneal insulin delivery on growth hormone binding protein, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF-binding protein-3 in IDDM. |
| 11138 | 8960832 | Low plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I despite high circulating growth hormone (GH) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) indicate a hepatic GH resistance. |
| 11139 | 8960832 | This state may be reflected by the reduction of the circulating GH binding protein (GHBP), corresponding to the extracellular domain of the GH receptor, and the reduction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, major IGF-I binding protein, upregulated by GH. |
| 11140 | 8960832 | In the first, plasma GHBP activity was compared in patients with IDDM on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or on conventional therapy and in healthy subjects. |
| 11141 | 8960832 | CPII for 12 months resulted in: a slight and transient improvement in HbA1c (Time (T)0: 7.6 +/- 0.2%, T3: 7.1 +/- 0.2%, T12: 7.5 +/- 0.2%, p < 0.02), improvement in GHBP (T0: 10.2 +/- 0.8%, T12: 15.5 +/- 1.5, p < 0.0001), near-normalization of IGF-I (T0: 89.4 +/- 8.8 ng/ml, T12: 146.9 +/- 15.6, p < 0.002) and normalization of IGFBP-3 (T0: 1974 +/- 121 ng/ml, T12: 3534 +/- 305, p < 0.0001). |
| 11142 | 8960832 | Intraperitoneal insulin delivery, allowing primary portal venous absorption, may influence GH sensitivity, and improve hepatic IGF-I and IGFBP-3 generation. |
| 11143 | 8960832 | Effect of intraperitoneal insulin delivery on growth hormone binding protein, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF-binding protein-3 in IDDM. |
| 11144 | 8960832 | Low plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I despite high circulating growth hormone (GH) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) indicate a hepatic GH resistance. |
| 11145 | 8960832 | This state may be reflected by the reduction of the circulating GH binding protein (GHBP), corresponding to the extracellular domain of the GH receptor, and the reduction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, major IGF-I binding protein, upregulated by GH. |
| 11146 | 8960832 | In the first, plasma GHBP activity was compared in patients with IDDM on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or on conventional therapy and in healthy subjects. |
| 11147 | 8960832 | CPII for 12 months resulted in: a slight and transient improvement in HbA1c (Time (T)0: 7.6 +/- 0.2%, T3: 7.1 +/- 0.2%, T12: 7.5 +/- 0.2%, p < 0.02), improvement in GHBP (T0: 10.2 +/- 0.8%, T12: 15.5 +/- 1.5, p < 0.0001), near-normalization of IGF-I (T0: 89.4 +/- 8.8 ng/ml, T12: 146.9 +/- 15.6, p < 0.002) and normalization of IGFBP-3 (T0: 1974 +/- 121 ng/ml, T12: 3534 +/- 305, p < 0.0001). |
| 11148 | 8960832 | Intraperitoneal insulin delivery, allowing primary portal venous absorption, may influence GH sensitivity, and improve hepatic IGF-I and IGFBP-3 generation. |
| 11149 | 8960832 | Effect of intraperitoneal insulin delivery on growth hormone binding protein, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF-binding protein-3 in IDDM. |
| 11150 | 8960832 | Low plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I despite high circulating growth hormone (GH) in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) indicate a hepatic GH resistance. |
| 11151 | 8960832 | This state may be reflected by the reduction of the circulating GH binding protein (GHBP), corresponding to the extracellular domain of the GH receptor, and the reduction of insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3, major IGF-I binding protein, upregulated by GH. |
| 11152 | 8960832 | In the first, plasma GHBP activity was compared in patients with IDDM on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) or on conventional therapy and in healthy subjects. |
| 11153 | 8960832 | CPII for 12 months resulted in: a slight and transient improvement in HbA1c (Time (T)0: 7.6 +/- 0.2%, T3: 7.1 +/- 0.2%, T12: 7.5 +/- 0.2%, p < 0.02), improvement in GHBP (T0: 10.2 +/- 0.8%, T12: 15.5 +/- 1.5, p < 0.0001), near-normalization of IGF-I (T0: 89.4 +/- 8.8 ng/ml, T12: 146.9 +/- 15.6, p < 0.002) and normalization of IGFBP-3 (T0: 1974 +/- 121 ng/ml, T12: 3534 +/- 305, p < 0.0001). |
| 11154 | 8960832 | Intraperitoneal insulin delivery, allowing primary portal venous absorption, may influence GH sensitivity, and improve hepatic IGF-I and IGFBP-3 generation. |
| 11155 | 8960835 | In the present study the properties of fibrin gel structure were investigated in 20 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): 10 patients without (age: 30 +/- 8; diabetes duration: 7 +/- 6 years), and 10 patients (age: 44 +/- 7; diabetes duration: 27 +/- 9 years) with microangiopathy. |
| 11156 | 8960844 | Light microscopic slides were categorized as: C I) normal or near normal renal structure; C II) changes "typical" of diabetic nephropathology in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (glomerular, tubulo-interstitial and arteriolar changes occurring in parallel); C III) "atypical" patterns of injury, with absent or only mild diabetic glomerular changes associated with disproportionately severe renal structural changes including: important tubulo-interstitial with or without arteriolar hyalinosis with or without global glomerular sclerosis. |
| 11157 | 8963729 | Whether endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in normoalbuminuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is controversial. |
| 11158 | 8963729 | There were 52 normoalbuminuric and normotensive patients with IDDM (aged 31.9 +/- 9.8 years; diabetes duration, 14.9 +/- 7.9 years; glycated hemoglobin, 7.9 +/- 1.2%) and 52 healthy control group (C) subjects comparable for age and sex studied. |
| 11159 | 8963729 | FMD in IDDM patients was decreased (12.0 +/- 9.1% versus 15.7 +/- 9.5% in C, P = .046), as was GTN-induced vasodilation (14.9 +/- 8.2% versus 18.3 +/- 8.5% in C, P = .045). |
| 11160 | 8963729 | Whether endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in normoalbuminuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is controversial. |
| 11161 | 8963729 | There were 52 normoalbuminuric and normotensive patients with IDDM (aged 31.9 +/- 9.8 years; diabetes duration, 14.9 +/- 7.9 years; glycated hemoglobin, 7.9 +/- 1.2%) and 52 healthy control group (C) subjects comparable for age and sex studied. |
| 11162 | 8963729 | FMD in IDDM patients was decreased (12.0 +/- 9.1% versus 15.7 +/- 9.5% in C, P = .046), as was GTN-induced vasodilation (14.9 +/- 8.2% versus 18.3 +/- 8.5% in C, P = .045). |
| 11163 | 8963729 | Whether endothelium-dependent vasodilation is impaired in normoalbuminuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is controversial. |
| 11164 | 8963729 | There were 52 normoalbuminuric and normotensive patients with IDDM (aged 31.9 +/- 9.8 years; diabetes duration, 14.9 +/- 7.9 years; glycated hemoglobin, 7.9 +/- 1.2%) and 52 healthy control group (C) subjects comparable for age and sex studied. |
| 11165 | 8963729 | FMD in IDDM patients was decreased (12.0 +/- 9.1% versus 15.7 +/- 9.5% in C, P = .046), as was GTN-induced vasodilation (14.9 +/- 8.2% versus 18.3 +/- 8.5% in C, P = .045). |
| 11166 | 8964599 | Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies and heat-shock protein 65 responses in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11167 | 8964599 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were detected in 66% and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in 64% of children (n = 47) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11168 | 8964871 | Twelve patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participating in a multicenter randomized cross-over trial were allocated to this study. |
| 11169 | 8964871 | In LP-treated IDDM patients, the affinity and capacity of insulin binding showed a nadir 1 h after insulin injection and a regained binding affinity and capacity 5 h later. |
| 11170 | 8964871 | In contrast, the IDDM patients who injected RI showed a decreasing insulin binding affinity and capacity, most markedly expressed after 5 h. |
| 11171 | 8964871 | Twelve patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participating in a multicenter randomized cross-over trial were allocated to this study. |
| 11172 | 8964871 | In LP-treated IDDM patients, the affinity and capacity of insulin binding showed a nadir 1 h after insulin injection and a regained binding affinity and capacity 5 h later. |
| 11173 | 8964871 | In contrast, the IDDM patients who injected RI showed a decreasing insulin binding affinity and capacity, most markedly expressed after 5 h. |
| 11174 | 8964871 | Twelve patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) participating in a multicenter randomized cross-over trial were allocated to this study. |
| 11175 | 8964871 | In LP-treated IDDM patients, the affinity and capacity of insulin binding showed a nadir 1 h after insulin injection and a regained binding affinity and capacity 5 h later. |
| 11176 | 8964871 | In contrast, the IDDM patients who injected RI showed a decreasing insulin binding affinity and capacity, most markedly expressed after 5 h. |
| 11177 | 8968685 | Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) delays the onset of diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 11178 | 8968685 | It has been shown that prophylactic exogenous insulin treatment prevents the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models and humans. |
| 11179 | 8968685 | In this study, we examined whether the development of diabetes and insulitis in female non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice could be affected by prophylactic administration of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which shares structural homology with insulin and has insulin-like metabolic effects. |
| 11180 | 8968689 | Dominant TCR alpha-chain clonotypes and interferon-gamma are expressed in the pancreas of patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11181 | 8968689 | In order to clarify the nature of T lymphocytes infiltrating the pancreatic islets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analysed T cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts expressed in pancreatic biopsy specimens of patients with recent-onset IDDM. |
| 11182 | 8968689 | We also investigated the expression of cytokines (interferon-gamma: IFN-gamma; tumour necrosis factor-alpha: TNF-alpha; interleukin-4: IL-4; interleukin-6: IL-6) in the same specimens. |
| 11183 | 8968689 | IFN-gamma mRNA was highly expressed in the pancreas of IDDM patients, while IL-4 mRNA was deficient. |
| 11184 | 8968689 | A lower level of expression of IL-6 mRNA was detected in the IDDM pancreas than in the control tissue. |
| 11185 | 8968689 | Dominant TCR alpha-chain clonotypes and interferon-gamma are expressed in the pancreas of patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11186 | 8968689 | In order to clarify the nature of T lymphocytes infiltrating the pancreatic islets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analysed T cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts expressed in pancreatic biopsy specimens of patients with recent-onset IDDM. |
| 11187 | 8968689 | We also investigated the expression of cytokines (interferon-gamma: IFN-gamma; tumour necrosis factor-alpha: TNF-alpha; interleukin-4: IL-4; interleukin-6: IL-6) in the same specimens. |
| 11188 | 8968689 | IFN-gamma mRNA was highly expressed in the pancreas of IDDM patients, while IL-4 mRNA was deficient. |
| 11189 | 8968689 | A lower level of expression of IL-6 mRNA was detected in the IDDM pancreas than in the control tissue. |
| 11190 | 8968689 | Dominant TCR alpha-chain clonotypes and interferon-gamma are expressed in the pancreas of patients with recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11191 | 8968689 | In order to clarify the nature of T lymphocytes infiltrating the pancreatic islets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analysed T cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts expressed in pancreatic biopsy specimens of patients with recent-onset IDDM. |
| 11192 | 8968689 | We also investigated the expression of cytokines (interferon-gamma: IFN-gamma; tumour necrosis factor-alpha: TNF-alpha; interleukin-4: IL-4; interleukin-6: IL-6) in the same specimens. |
| 11193 | 8968689 | IFN-gamma mRNA was highly expressed in the pancreas of IDDM patients, while IL-4 mRNA was deficient. |
| 11194 | 8968689 | A lower level of expression of IL-6 mRNA was detected in the IDDM pancreas than in the control tissue. |
| 11195 | 8969284 | Optimal blood glucose levels and normal insulin sensitivity are aims in the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11196 | 8969303 | The insulin minisatellite of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), a 14 base-pairs long tandem repeat of: 5'-ACAGGGGTGTGGGG-3' 3'-TGTCCCCACACCCC-5', is located 363 base-pairs upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 11197 | 8969303 | A locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to the ILPR. |
| 11198 | 8969303 | It has been shown that the ILPR is polymorphic in length and this length polymorphism is also related to the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene and the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 11199 | 8969303 | Single or double mutations in the ILPR that destabilize these interactions also lower the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene. |
| 11200 | 8969303 | Therefore, the hairpin G-quartet structure of the ILPR has a direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene. |
| 11201 | 8969303 | The insulin minisatellite of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), a 14 base-pairs long tandem repeat of: 5'-ACAGGGGTGTGGGG-3' 3'-TGTCCCCACACCCC-5', is located 363 base-pairs upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 11202 | 8969303 | A locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to the ILPR. |
| 11203 | 8969303 | It has been shown that the ILPR is polymorphic in length and this length polymorphism is also related to the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene and the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 11204 | 8969303 | Single or double mutations in the ILPR that destabilize these interactions also lower the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene. |
| 11205 | 8969303 | Therefore, the hairpin G-quartet structure of the ILPR has a direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene. |
| 11206 | 8969303 | The insulin minisatellite of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), a 14 base-pairs long tandem repeat of: 5'-ACAGGGGTGTGGGG-3' 3'-TGTCCCCACACCCC-5', is located 363 base-pairs upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 11207 | 8969303 | A locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to the ILPR. |
| 11208 | 8969303 | It has been shown that the ILPR is polymorphic in length and this length polymorphism is also related to the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene and the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 11209 | 8969303 | Single or double mutations in the ILPR that destabilize these interactions also lower the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene. |
| 11210 | 8969303 | Therefore, the hairpin G-quartet structure of the ILPR has a direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene. |
| 11211 | 8969303 | The insulin minisatellite of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), a 14 base-pairs long tandem repeat of: 5'-ACAGGGGTGTGGGG-3' 3'-TGTCCCCACACCCC-5', is located 363 base-pairs upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 11212 | 8969303 | A locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to the ILPR. |
| 11213 | 8969303 | It has been shown that the ILPR is polymorphic in length and this length polymorphism is also related to the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene and the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 11214 | 8969303 | Single or double mutations in the ILPR that destabilize these interactions also lower the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene. |
| 11215 | 8969303 | Therefore, the hairpin G-quartet structure of the ILPR has a direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene. |
| 11216 | 8969303 | The insulin minisatellite of the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR), a 14 base-pairs long tandem repeat of: 5'-ACAGGGGTGTGGGG-3' 3'-TGTCCCCACACCCC-5', is located 363 base-pairs upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 11217 | 8969303 | A locus for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to the ILPR. |
| 11218 | 8969303 | It has been shown that the ILPR is polymorphic in length and this length polymorphism is also related to the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene and the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 11219 | 8969303 | Single or double mutations in the ILPR that destabilize these interactions also lower the transcriptional activity of the insulin gene. |
| 11220 | 8969303 | Therefore, the hairpin G-quartet structure of the ILPR has a direct correlation with the transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene. |
| 11221 | 8969557 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is thought to result from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-dependent beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 11222 | 8969635 | We evaluated a new, commercially developed radioimmunoprecipitation assay for measuring glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies by using recombinant human GAD65. |
| 11223 | 8969635 | We found GAD antibodies in 74% (23 of 31; 95% confidence interval 55-88%), 70% (14 of 20; 46-88%), and 65% (28 of 43; 49-79%) of patients at, respectively, < or = 1 year, 1-2 years, and 2-4 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 30% (30 of 99; 21-40%) of patients with long-term diabetes (4-22 years). |
| 11224 | 8969635 | We also detected GAD antibodies in 8% (9 of 106; 4-16%) of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11225 | 8969635 | The frequency of GAD antibodies in the NIDDM group was markedly higher in the insulin-deficient patients [67% (6 of 9; 30-93%)], who initially were nonketotic and non-insulin-dependent for > or = 6 months but later became insulin dependent, than in the non-insulin-deficient patients [3% (3 of 97; 1-9%)]. |
| 11226 | 8969635 | This new commercial assay is easy to use and provides a specific and sensitive method for evaluating GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 11227 | 8969635 | We evaluated a new, commercially developed radioimmunoprecipitation assay for measuring glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies by using recombinant human GAD65. |
| 11228 | 8969635 | We found GAD antibodies in 74% (23 of 31; 95% confidence interval 55-88%), 70% (14 of 20; 46-88%), and 65% (28 of 43; 49-79%) of patients at, respectively, < or = 1 year, 1-2 years, and 2-4 years after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 30% (30 of 99; 21-40%) of patients with long-term diabetes (4-22 years). |
| 11229 | 8969635 | We also detected GAD antibodies in 8% (9 of 106; 4-16%) of patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11230 | 8969635 | The frequency of GAD antibodies in the NIDDM group was markedly higher in the insulin-deficient patients [67% (6 of 9; 30-93%)], who initially were nonketotic and non-insulin-dependent for > or = 6 months but later became insulin dependent, than in the non-insulin-deficient patients [3% (3 of 97; 1-9%)]. |
| 11231 | 8969635 | This new commercial assay is easy to use and provides a specific and sensitive method for evaluating GAD antibodies in IDDM. |
| 11232 | 8971078 | (Pro)insulin may be a key autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 11233 | 8971078 | To address the role of proinsulin in the development of IDDM, we generated NOD mice transgenic for the mouse proinsulin II gene driven off a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II promoter to direct expression of the transgene to MHC class II bearing cells, including those in the thymus, with the aim of deleting proinsulin-reactive T-cells. |
| 11234 | 8971078 | We conclude that autoimmunity to proinsulin plays a pivotal role in the development of IDDM. |
| 11235 | 8971078 | (Pro)insulin may be a key autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 11236 | 8971078 | To address the role of proinsulin in the development of IDDM, we generated NOD mice transgenic for the mouse proinsulin II gene driven off a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II promoter to direct expression of the transgene to MHC class II bearing cells, including those in the thymus, with the aim of deleting proinsulin-reactive T-cells. |
| 11237 | 8971078 | We conclude that autoimmunity to proinsulin plays a pivotal role in the development of IDDM. |
| 11238 | 8971078 | (Pro)insulin may be a key autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 11239 | 8971078 | To address the role of proinsulin in the development of IDDM, we generated NOD mice transgenic for the mouse proinsulin II gene driven off a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II promoter to direct expression of the transgene to MHC class II bearing cells, including those in the thymus, with the aim of deleting proinsulin-reactive T-cells. |
| 11240 | 8971078 | We conclude that autoimmunity to proinsulin plays a pivotal role in the development of IDDM. |
| 11241 | 8971095 | HLA-encoded genetic predisposition in IDDM: DR4 subtypes may be associated with different degrees of protection. |
| 11242 | 8971540 | The effect of TNF*B gene polymorphism on TNF-alpha and -beta secretion levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. |
| 11243 | 8971540 | It has been suggested that inter-individual differences in the secretion levels of these cytokines may contribute to the predisposition of certain individuals to the development of diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11244 | 8971540 | We have investigated whether a diallelic TNF*B polymorphism detected using the enzyme Ncol influences the TNF-alpha and/or -beta secretory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from PHA stimulated healthy individuals and IDDM patients. |
| 11245 | 8971540 | We have shown that the level of TNF-beta secreted correlates with the TNF*B genotype in healthy individuals: those with the TNF B*2 allele secreted significantly higher levels of TNF-beta (P = 0.025) than those with the TNF*B1 allele. |
| 11246 | 8971540 | In IDDM patients, the reverse situation was observed, with those patients with the TNF*B1 allele secreting higher levels of TNF-beta than those with the TNF*B2 allele. |
| 11247 | 8971540 | Furthermore, when IDDM patients and controls were matched for TNF*B genotype, the IDDM patients with the TNF*B2 allele secreted significantly lower levels of TNF-beta than controls with this allele. |
| 11248 | 8971540 | Thus, the extended haplotype Bw62-DR4-TNF*B2/2 rather than IDDM per se is almost certainly responsible for the depressed TNF-beta secretion found in the IDDM-TNF*B2 homozygous cohort. |
| 11249 | 8971540 | The effect of TNF*B gene polymorphism on TNF-alpha and -beta secretion levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. |
| 11250 | 8971540 | It has been suggested that inter-individual differences in the secretion levels of these cytokines may contribute to the predisposition of certain individuals to the development of diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11251 | 8971540 | We have investigated whether a diallelic TNF*B polymorphism detected using the enzyme Ncol influences the TNF-alpha and/or -beta secretory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from PHA stimulated healthy individuals and IDDM patients. |
| 11252 | 8971540 | We have shown that the level of TNF-beta secreted correlates with the TNF*B genotype in healthy individuals: those with the TNF B*2 allele secreted significantly higher levels of TNF-beta (P = 0.025) than those with the TNF*B1 allele. |
| 11253 | 8971540 | In IDDM patients, the reverse situation was observed, with those patients with the TNF*B1 allele secreting higher levels of TNF-beta than those with the TNF*B2 allele. |
| 11254 | 8971540 | Furthermore, when IDDM patients and controls were matched for TNF*B genotype, the IDDM patients with the TNF*B2 allele secreted significantly lower levels of TNF-beta than controls with this allele. |
| 11255 | 8971540 | Thus, the extended haplotype Bw62-DR4-TNF*B2/2 rather than IDDM per se is almost certainly responsible for the depressed TNF-beta secretion found in the IDDM-TNF*B2 homozygous cohort. |
| 11256 | 8971540 | The effect of TNF*B gene polymorphism on TNF-alpha and -beta secretion levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. |
| 11257 | 8971540 | It has been suggested that inter-individual differences in the secretion levels of these cytokines may contribute to the predisposition of certain individuals to the development of diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11258 | 8971540 | We have investigated whether a diallelic TNF*B polymorphism detected using the enzyme Ncol influences the TNF-alpha and/or -beta secretory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from PHA stimulated healthy individuals and IDDM patients. |
| 11259 | 8971540 | We have shown that the level of TNF-beta secreted correlates with the TNF*B genotype in healthy individuals: those with the TNF B*2 allele secreted significantly higher levels of TNF-beta (P = 0.025) than those with the TNF*B1 allele. |
| 11260 | 8971540 | In IDDM patients, the reverse situation was observed, with those patients with the TNF*B1 allele secreting higher levels of TNF-beta than those with the TNF*B2 allele. |
| 11261 | 8971540 | Furthermore, when IDDM patients and controls were matched for TNF*B genotype, the IDDM patients with the TNF*B2 allele secreted significantly lower levels of TNF-beta than controls with this allele. |
| 11262 | 8971540 | Thus, the extended haplotype Bw62-DR4-TNF*B2/2 rather than IDDM per se is almost certainly responsible for the depressed TNF-beta secretion found in the IDDM-TNF*B2 homozygous cohort. |
| 11263 | 8971540 | The effect of TNF*B gene polymorphism on TNF-alpha and -beta secretion levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. |
| 11264 | 8971540 | It has been suggested that inter-individual differences in the secretion levels of these cytokines may contribute to the predisposition of certain individuals to the development of diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11265 | 8971540 | We have investigated whether a diallelic TNF*B polymorphism detected using the enzyme Ncol influences the TNF-alpha and/or -beta secretory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from PHA stimulated healthy individuals and IDDM patients. |
| 11266 | 8971540 | We have shown that the level of TNF-beta secreted correlates with the TNF*B genotype in healthy individuals: those with the TNF B*2 allele secreted significantly higher levels of TNF-beta (P = 0.025) than those with the TNF*B1 allele. |
| 11267 | 8971540 | In IDDM patients, the reverse situation was observed, with those patients with the TNF*B1 allele secreting higher levels of TNF-beta than those with the TNF*B2 allele. |
| 11268 | 8971540 | Furthermore, when IDDM patients and controls were matched for TNF*B genotype, the IDDM patients with the TNF*B2 allele secreted significantly lower levels of TNF-beta than controls with this allele. |
| 11269 | 8971540 | Thus, the extended haplotype Bw62-DR4-TNF*B2/2 rather than IDDM per se is almost certainly responsible for the depressed TNF-beta secretion found in the IDDM-TNF*B2 homozygous cohort. |
| 11270 | 8971540 | The effect of TNF*B gene polymorphism on TNF-alpha and -beta secretion levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. |
| 11271 | 8971540 | It has been suggested that inter-individual differences in the secretion levels of these cytokines may contribute to the predisposition of certain individuals to the development of diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11272 | 8971540 | We have investigated whether a diallelic TNF*B polymorphism detected using the enzyme Ncol influences the TNF-alpha and/or -beta secretory capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from PHA stimulated healthy individuals and IDDM patients. |
| 11273 | 8971540 | We have shown that the level of TNF-beta secreted correlates with the TNF*B genotype in healthy individuals: those with the TNF B*2 allele secreted significantly higher levels of TNF-beta (P = 0.025) than those with the TNF*B1 allele. |
| 11274 | 8971540 | In IDDM patients, the reverse situation was observed, with those patients with the TNF*B1 allele secreting higher levels of TNF-beta than those with the TNF*B2 allele. |
| 11275 | 8971540 | Furthermore, when IDDM patients and controls were matched for TNF*B genotype, the IDDM patients with the TNF*B2 allele secreted significantly lower levels of TNF-beta than controls with this allele. |
| 11276 | 8971540 | Thus, the extended haplotype Bw62-DR4-TNF*B2/2 rather than IDDM per se is almost certainly responsible for the depressed TNF-beta secretion found in the IDDM-TNF*B2 homozygous cohort. |
| 11277 | 8971543 | To analyse HLA and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) association in the ethnically mixed population of La Réunion island, we carried out a family study on 70 diabetic subjects. |
| 11278 | 8971543 | HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), completed by PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) and PCR-sequence-specific priming (SSP). |
| 11279 | 8973887 | Continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) is a promising therapy of patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since it improves metabolic control and decreases frequency of severe hypoglycaemia. |
| 11280 | 8973886 | The study was designed to evaluate whether the antioxidant nutrients selenium, vitamin A, and vitamin E are associated with alterations of blood viscosity in patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11281 | 8976172 | Aerosol insulin induces regulatory CD8 gamma delta T cells that prevent murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 11282 | 8976172 | Insulin is an autoantigen in humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11283 | 8976172 | Insulin-treated mice had increased circulating antibodies to insulin, absent splenocyte proliferation to the major epitope, insulin B chain amino acids 9-23, which was associated with increased IL-4 and particularly IL-10 secretion, and reduced proliferation to glutamic acid decarboxylase, another islet autoantigen. |
| 11284 | 8976172 | The ability of splenocytes from insulin-treated mice to suppress the adoptive transfer of diabetes to nondiabetic mice by T cells of diabetic mice was shown to be caused by small numbers of CD8 gamma delta T cells. |
| 11285 | 8976172 | Induction of regulatory CD8 gamma delta T cells by aerosol insulin is a therapeutic strategy with implications for the prevention of human IDDM. |
| 11286 | 8976172 | Aerosol insulin induces regulatory CD8 gamma delta T cells that prevent murine insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 11287 | 8976172 | Insulin is an autoantigen in humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11288 | 8976172 | Insulin-treated mice had increased circulating antibodies to insulin, absent splenocyte proliferation to the major epitope, insulin B chain amino acids 9-23, which was associated with increased IL-4 and particularly IL-10 secretion, and reduced proliferation to glutamic acid decarboxylase, another islet autoantigen. |
| 11289 | 8976172 | The ability of splenocytes from insulin-treated mice to suppress the adoptive transfer of diabetes to nondiabetic mice by T cells of diabetic mice was shown to be caused by small numbers of CD8 gamma delta T cells. |
| 11290 | 8976172 | Induction of regulatory CD8 gamma delta T cells by aerosol insulin is a therapeutic strategy with implications for the prevention of human IDDM. |
| 11291 | 8977415 | The role of endogenous interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone BB rats was evaluated. |
| 11292 | 8977415 | At histoimmunological analyses, the BB rats treated with 200 micrograms/ week anti-IFN gamma Abs from 30-80 days of age exhibited a milder insulitic process along with diminished spleen frequency of activated lymphoid cells (MHC class II and interleukin-2 receptor positive). |
| 11293 | 8977415 | Taken together, these results provide further in vivo evidence for the central pathogenic role of IFN gamma in BB rat IDDM and anticipate the usefulness of specific IFN gamma inhibitors in the prevention of the disease in the clinical setting. |
| 11294 | 8977415 | The role of endogenous interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone BB rats was evaluated. |
| 11295 | 8977415 | At histoimmunological analyses, the BB rats treated with 200 micrograms/ week anti-IFN gamma Abs from 30-80 days of age exhibited a milder insulitic process along with diminished spleen frequency of activated lymphoid cells (MHC class II and interleukin-2 receptor positive). |
| 11296 | 8977415 | Taken together, these results provide further in vivo evidence for the central pathogenic role of IFN gamma in BB rat IDDM and anticipate the usefulness of specific IFN gamma inhibitors in the prevention of the disease in the clinical setting. |
| 11297 | 8977763 | Hypoparathyroidism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a patient with Kearns-Sayre syndrome harbouring a mitochondrial DNA deletion. |
| 11298 | 8977763 | She also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11299 | 8977763 | Human leucocyte associated antigen typing showed A24, A26; B54, B61; CW1, CW3; DR8, DR14; DQ1 and DQ3, suggesting that the presence of HLA-A24 and CW3 antigen contributed to the association of IDDM and hypoparathyroidism, similar to Japanese patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, complicated by hypoparathyroidism and IDDM. |
| 11300 | 8977763 | This is an extremely rare case of Kearns-Sayre syndrome, presenting in association with IDDM and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. |
| 11301 | 8977763 | Hypoparathyroidism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a patient with Kearns-Sayre syndrome harbouring a mitochondrial DNA deletion. |
| 11302 | 8977763 | She also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11303 | 8977763 | Human leucocyte associated antigen typing showed A24, A26; B54, B61; CW1, CW3; DR8, DR14; DQ1 and DQ3, suggesting that the presence of HLA-A24 and CW3 antigen contributed to the association of IDDM and hypoparathyroidism, similar to Japanese patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, complicated by hypoparathyroidism and IDDM. |
| 11304 | 8977763 | This is an extremely rare case of Kearns-Sayre syndrome, presenting in association with IDDM and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. |
| 11305 | 8977763 | Hypoparathyroidism and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a patient with Kearns-Sayre syndrome harbouring a mitochondrial DNA deletion. |
| 11306 | 8977763 | She also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11307 | 8977763 | Human leucocyte associated antigen typing showed A24, A26; B54, B61; CW1, CW3; DR8, DR14; DQ1 and DQ3, suggesting that the presence of HLA-A24 and CW3 antigen contributed to the association of IDDM and hypoparathyroidism, similar to Japanese patients with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, complicated by hypoparathyroidism and IDDM. |
| 11308 | 8977763 | This is an extremely rare case of Kearns-Sayre syndrome, presenting in association with IDDM and idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. |
| 11309 | 8980165 | Alterations in water compartments have been described in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11310 | 8980165 | The IDDM patients were divided into four groups on the basis of reference HbA(lc) mean and SD: A < or = mean + 2 SD < B < or = mean + 4 SD < C < or = mean +6SD < D. |
| 11311 | 8980165 | In all IDDM patients, HbA(lc) correlated with ECW (r = -0.49) and distribution ratios (r = 0.42, impedance; r = 0.40, ECW/ICW ratio). |
| 11312 | 8980165 | Alterations in water compartments have been described in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11313 | 8980165 | The IDDM patients were divided into four groups on the basis of reference HbA(lc) mean and SD: A < or = mean + 2 SD < B < or = mean + 4 SD < C < or = mean +6SD < D. |
| 11314 | 8980165 | In all IDDM patients, HbA(lc) correlated with ECW (r = -0.49) and distribution ratios (r = 0.42, impedance; r = 0.40, ECW/ICW ratio). |
| 11315 | 8980165 | Alterations in water compartments have been described in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11316 | 8980165 | The IDDM patients were divided into four groups on the basis of reference HbA(lc) mean and SD: A < or = mean + 2 SD < B < or = mean + 4 SD < C < or = mean +6SD < D. |
| 11317 | 8980165 | In all IDDM patients, HbA(lc) correlated with ECW (r = -0.49) and distribution ratios (r = 0.42, impedance; r = 0.40, ECW/ICW ratio). |
| 11318 | 8981961 | These include two on chromosome 6q, denoted IDDM5 and IDDM8, that are not linked to HLA. |
| 11319 | 8981961 | We developed a statistical method to test this hypothesis in a panel of 523 multiplex families from France, the United States, and Denmark (a total of 667 affected sib pairs, 536 with both parents genotyped), and here present evidence (P = .00003) of a susceptibility locus for IDDM located 32 cM from HLA in males but not linked to HLA in females and distinct from IDDM5 and IDDM8. |
| 11320 | 8981961 | In addition, we analyzed our current family panel with markers for IDDM5 and IDDM8 on chromosome 6 and found suggestions of linkage for both of these loci (P = .002 and .004, respectively, on the complete family panel). |
| 11321 | 8981961 | When cumulated with previously published results, with overlapping families removed, the affected-sib-pair tests had a significance of P = .0001 for IDDM5 and P = .00004 for IDDM8. |
| 11322 | 8982239 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells that takes place in genetically predisposed individuals. |
| 11323 | 8982458 | We review the strategy used to identify a susceptibility locus (IDDM2) for type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 11324 | 8982458 | Main topics include: (a) historical conspectus of the mapping and identification of IDDM2--a critical survey of the work leading up to the conclusion that IDDM2 most likely corresponds to allelic variation at the insulin gene minisatellite (VNTR) locus; (b) the nature of allelic (length and sequence) variation at the VNTR locus; (c) gene interactions and disease pathogenesis; (d) mechanism of action of the INS VNTR in type 1 diabetes--insulin gene expression, parent-of-origin effects (genomic imprinting); and (e) summary and future prospects--alleles of the insulin VNTR that are protective for type 1 diabetes appear to encode susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. |
| 11325 | 8982458 | We review the strategy used to identify a susceptibility locus (IDDM2) for type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. |
| 11326 | 8982458 | Main topics include: (a) historical conspectus of the mapping and identification of IDDM2--a critical survey of the work leading up to the conclusion that IDDM2 most likely corresponds to allelic variation at the insulin gene minisatellite (VNTR) locus; (b) the nature of allelic (length and sequence) variation at the VNTR locus; (c) gene interactions and disease pathogenesis; (d) mechanism of action of the INS VNTR in type 1 diabetes--insulin gene expression, parent-of-origin effects (genomic imprinting); and (e) summary and future prospects--alleles of the insulin VNTR that are protective for type 1 diabetes appear to encode susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. |
| 11327 | 8985839 | Forty-four nondiabetic patients with celiac disease (CD) were examined for the presence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-related autoantibodies. |
| 11328 | 8985839 | First-phase insulin reserve (FPIR), stimulated insulin reserve (SIR), and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHB) levels were normal in the autoantibody-positive patients. |
| 11329 | 8985993 | No significant difference could be detected when analysing SMR in relation to subdiagnosis (NIDDM vs IDDM) or SMR in relation to the period of treatment 1982-87 versus 1988-92. |
| 11330 | 8986132 | Ebselen and cytokine-induced nitric oxide synthase expression in insulin-producing cells. |
| 11331 | 8986132 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) may be a mediator of beta-cell damage in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11332 | 8986132 | The IL-1 mechanism of action on insulin-producing cells probably includes activation of the transcription nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), increased transcription of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the subsequent production of nitric oxide (NO). |
| 11333 | 8986132 | However, ebselen failed to prevent the increase in nitrite production and the decrease in glucose oxidation and insulin release by rat islets exposed to IL-1 beta for 24 hr. |
| 11334 | 8986132 | Ebselen prevented the increase in nitrite production by human islets exposed for 14 hr to a combination of cytokines (IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma). |
| 11335 | 8986132 | In RIN cells, ebselen counteracted both the expression of iNOS mRNA and the increase in nitrite production induced by 6 hr exposure to IL-beta but failed to block IL-1 beta-induced iNOS expression following 24 hr exposure to the cytokine. |
| 11336 | 8986132 | Moreover, ebselen did not prevent IL-1 beta-induced NF-kappa B activation. |
| 11337 | 8986132 | As a whole, these data indicate that ebselen partially counteracts cytokine-induced NOS activation in pancreatic beta-cells, an effect not associated with inhibition of NF-kappa B activation. |
| 11338 | 8986323 | Environmental factors appear to be nongenetic risks of importance in the progression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes, whose mechanisms are not yet well understood. |
| 11339 | 8989248 | Among those candidate genes is the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) located on chromosome 2q33 in man. |
| 11340 | 8989248 | We investigated the distribution of the CTLA4 exon 1 polymorphism (49 A/G) in Graves' disease and IDDM. |
| 11341 | 8989248 | In conclusion, an alanine at codon 17 of CTLA4 is associated with genetic susceptibility to Graves' disease as well as to IDDM. |
| 11342 | 8989248 | Among those candidate genes is the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) located on chromosome 2q33 in man. |
| 11343 | 8989248 | We investigated the distribution of the CTLA4 exon 1 polymorphism (49 A/G) in Graves' disease and IDDM. |
| 11344 | 8989248 | In conclusion, an alanine at codon 17 of CTLA4 is associated with genetic susceptibility to Graves' disease as well as to IDDM. |
| 11345 | 8989249 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of anti-AADC antibodies in a large cohort of patients with APS I, and in patients with isolated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11346 | 8989249 | We found autoantibodies against AADC in 35 of 69 patients (51%) with APS I but in none of 138 patients with isolated IDDM or 91 healthy controls. |
| 11347 | 8989249 | Of the 9 APS I patients with IDDM, 5 had antibodies against both AADC and glutamate decarboxylase, 2 against AADC only, and 2 against glutamate decarboxylase only. |
| 11348 | 8989249 | Thus, an autoimmune reactivity against AADC may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and vitiligo in APS I patients, whereas the role of AADC in the development of IDDM in these patients remains to be determined. |
| 11349 | 8989249 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of anti-AADC antibodies in a large cohort of patients with APS I, and in patients with isolated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11350 | 8989249 | We found autoantibodies against AADC in 35 of 69 patients (51%) with APS I but in none of 138 patients with isolated IDDM or 91 healthy controls. |
| 11351 | 8989249 | Of the 9 APS I patients with IDDM, 5 had antibodies against both AADC and glutamate decarboxylase, 2 against AADC only, and 2 against glutamate decarboxylase only. |
| 11352 | 8989249 | Thus, an autoimmune reactivity against AADC may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and vitiligo in APS I patients, whereas the role of AADC in the development of IDDM in these patients remains to be determined. |
| 11353 | 8989249 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of anti-AADC antibodies in a large cohort of patients with APS I, and in patients with isolated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11354 | 8989249 | We found autoantibodies against AADC in 35 of 69 patients (51%) with APS I but in none of 138 patients with isolated IDDM or 91 healthy controls. |
| 11355 | 8989249 | Of the 9 APS I patients with IDDM, 5 had antibodies against both AADC and glutamate decarboxylase, 2 against AADC only, and 2 against glutamate decarboxylase only. |
| 11356 | 8989249 | Thus, an autoimmune reactivity against AADC may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and vitiligo in APS I patients, whereas the role of AADC in the development of IDDM in these patients remains to be determined. |
| 11357 | 8989249 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of anti-AADC antibodies in a large cohort of patients with APS I, and in patients with isolated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11358 | 8989249 | We found autoantibodies against AADC in 35 of 69 patients (51%) with APS I but in none of 138 patients with isolated IDDM or 91 healthy controls. |
| 11359 | 8989249 | Of the 9 APS I patients with IDDM, 5 had antibodies against both AADC and glutamate decarboxylase, 2 against AADC only, and 2 against glutamate decarboxylase only. |
| 11360 | 8989249 | Thus, an autoimmune reactivity against AADC may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and vitiligo in APS I patients, whereas the role of AADC in the development of IDDM in these patients remains to be determined. |
| 11361 | 8991326 | The present study was designed to examine recall and rehearsal in short-term memory among children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11362 | 8992539 | [Selected clinical characteristics of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) discovered in the years 1990-1992 in patients 0-29 years of age from the Rzeszów voivodship]. |
| 11363 | 8993171 | In this study we evaluated 31 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (ages 12.1 +/- 3.4 years, 18 males/13 females) who started on multiple subcutaneous insulin injections (MSII) within six weeks of diagnosis and achieved either complete (CR: no insulin requirement and near-normoglycemia for at least two weeks) or incomplete (ICR: minimum 50% decline in insulin requirement while maintaining near-normoglycemia for two weeks or more) remissions within the first 12 weeks of the MSII trial. |
| 11364 | 8993395 | Signal transduction of PACAP and GLP-1 in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 11365 | 8993395 | PACAP and GLP-1 depolarize pancreatic beta cells and stimulate insulin secretion in the presence of glucose. |
| 11366 | 8993395 | Therefore, the possibility arises that PACAP, GLP-1, and maitotoxin all act on the same types of ion channels in these cells, and that these channels are sensitive to alterations in the content of intracellular calcium. |
| 11367 | 8993395 | FIGURE 6 summarizes our current knowledge concerning the properties of the PACAP and GLP-1 signaling systems as they pertain to the regulation of NSCCs and intracellular calcium homeostasis in the beta cell. |
| 11368 | 8993395 | Given that PACAP and GLP-1 are proven to be exceptionally potent insulin secretagogues, it is of considerable interest to determine their usefulness as blood glucose-lowering agents. |
| 11369 | 8993395 | Initial evaluations of the therapeutic effectiveness of GLP-1 indicate a role for this peptide in the treatment of NIDDM, and also possibly insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11370 | 8993395 | These observations reinforce the notion that peptides of the PACAP/glucagon/VIP family represent important pharmacological tools for use in experimental therapeutics. |
| 11371 | 8997648 | Gingival health (bleeding on probing) and oral hygiene (plaque percent) were assessed in 2 groups of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 1st study group included 12 newly diagnosed diabetic children and adolescents (age range 6.3-14.0 years, 5 boys and 7 girls). |
| 11372 | 8999362 | Neither acute nor habitual smoking causes substantial changes in insulin sensitivity in IDDM patients, whereas it does so in NIDDM. |
| 11373 | 8999662 | In patients suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with or without preclinical and clinical signs of diabetic nephropathy, the degree of epithelial cell lesions in the renal tubules was assessed from the urinary activities of enzymes at various sites, such as lysosomal (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and beta-galactosidase (beta-GA)), brush edge membranous (alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), and cytosolic (alpha-glucosidase (alpha-GL)). |
| 11374 | 9000040 | Steroid 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11375 | 9000040 | We have studied the sera from 304 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for steroid 21-hydroxylase (P450c21) autoantibodies by an in vitro translation and immunoprecipitation assay. |
| 11376 | 9000040 | When the IDDM patients with P450c21 antibodies were analyzed for their HLA, 6 of them (86%) belonged to the HLA DQB1*0201-positive group. |
| 11377 | 9000040 | Steroid 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11378 | 9000040 | We have studied the sera from 304 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for steroid 21-hydroxylase (P450c21) autoantibodies by an in vitro translation and immunoprecipitation assay. |
| 11379 | 9000040 | When the IDDM patients with P450c21 antibodies were analyzed for their HLA, 6 of them (86%) belonged to the HLA DQB1*0201-positive group. |
| 11380 | 9001168 | A case associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) was reported. |
| 11381 | 9005960 | We tested hepatic ketogenesis in FCPD patients using a ketogenic challenge of oral medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and compared it with that in matched insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy controls. |
| 11382 | 9005968 | Do non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) share genetic susceptibility loci? |
| 11383 | 9005968 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has been viewed as genetically and physiologically distinct from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), yet many of the recently suggested IDDM susceptibility loci are likely to increase the risk of diabetes through nonautoimmune mechanisms. |
| 11384 | 9005968 | Do non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) share genetic susceptibility loci? |
| 11385 | 9005968 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has been viewed as genetically and physiologically distinct from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), yet many of the recently suggested IDDM susceptibility loci are likely to increase the risk of diabetes through nonautoimmune mechanisms. |
| 11386 | 9005970 | Sialic acid (SA) content and Na+/K+-ATPase activity of red blood cell (RBC) membranes were studied in 26 normoalbuminuric patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 25 normoalbuminuric patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 40 healthy nondiabetic subjects with a negative family history for diabetes. |
| 11387 | 9006222 | The sets were: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), diet-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), oral agent-treated NIDDM, insulin-treated NIDDM. |
| 11388 | 9006222 | Data on glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) values, percent ideal body weight (%IBW), home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM/week were analysed for all sets; data on hypoglycemic events/month were analysed only for the group with IDDM. |
| 11389 | 9006222 | The sets were: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), diet-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), oral agent-treated NIDDM, insulin-treated NIDDM. |
| 11390 | 9006222 | Data on glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) values, percent ideal body weight (%IBW), home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM/week were analysed for all sets; data on hypoglycemic events/month were analysed only for the group with IDDM. |
| 11391 | 9006238 | The Stockholm Diabetes Intervention Study (SDIS) showed that lower blood glucose levels led to halted or retarded microvascular complications in patients with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11392 | 9007603 | The documentation was incomplete; e.g. in 8.0% of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and in 26.4% of non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM), HbA1c was missing. |
| 11393 | 9012538 | Cytokine-inducers prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models. |
| 11394 | 9012538 | We extend this therapy to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), because it was reported that diabetes of KK-Ay mice, a model for NIDDM, was recovered by allogenic bone-marrow transplantation that also prevented IDDM in animal models. |
| 11395 | 9012538 | Among various cytokines possibly induced by OK-432 and BCG, IL-1 alpha, TNF alpha and lymphotoxin significantly improved FBG and GTT in KK-Ay mice, whereas IL-2 and IFN gamma did not. |
| 11396 | 9012538 | Cytokine-inducers prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models. |
| 11397 | 9012538 | We extend this therapy to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), because it was reported that diabetes of KK-Ay mice, a model for NIDDM, was recovered by allogenic bone-marrow transplantation that also prevented IDDM in animal models. |
| 11398 | 9012538 | Among various cytokines possibly induced by OK-432 and BCG, IL-1 alpha, TNF alpha and lymphotoxin significantly improved FBG and GTT in KK-Ay mice, whereas IL-2 and IFN gamma did not. |
| 11399 | 9013043 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 or juvenile diabetes, is one of the first disorders with a complex genetic basis that researchers have begun to unravel. |
| 11400 | 9013043 | More than 20 years ago, the HLA region was found to contain a major locus that influences predisposition to IDDM, and a decade ago a locus with a smaller effect was identified in the insulin-gene region. |
| 11401 | 9013043 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 or juvenile diabetes, is one of the first disorders with a complex genetic basis that researchers have begun to unravel. |
| 11402 | 9013043 | More than 20 years ago, the HLA region was found to contain a major locus that influences predisposition to IDDM, and a decade ago a locus with a smaller effect was identified in the insulin-gene region. |
| 11403 | 9015655 | We examined the effect of exercise in insulin clearance with euglycaemic insulin clamp in 28 healthy men either 12 h after a marathon run (n = 14) or 44 h after a 2-h treadmill exercise (n = 14), and in seven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients 12 h after a marathon run, and after a resting, control day. |
| 11404 | 9015655 | Insulin clearance was significantly increased by exercise both in healthy men (9% P < 0.05) and in IDDM subjects (15%, P < 0.05). |
| 11405 | 9015655 | After exercise, endogenous insulin secretion in healthy men is reduced and insulin clearance is enhanced both in healthy men and in IDDM patients. |
| 11406 | 9015655 | We examined the effect of exercise in insulin clearance with euglycaemic insulin clamp in 28 healthy men either 12 h after a marathon run (n = 14) or 44 h after a 2-h treadmill exercise (n = 14), and in seven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients 12 h after a marathon run, and after a resting, control day. |
| 11407 | 9015655 | Insulin clearance was significantly increased by exercise both in healthy men (9% P < 0.05) and in IDDM subjects (15%, P < 0.05). |
| 11408 | 9015655 | After exercise, endogenous insulin secretion in healthy men is reduced and insulin clearance is enhanced both in healthy men and in IDDM patients. |
| 11409 | 9015655 | We examined the effect of exercise in insulin clearance with euglycaemic insulin clamp in 28 healthy men either 12 h after a marathon run (n = 14) or 44 h after a 2-h treadmill exercise (n = 14), and in seven insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients 12 h after a marathon run, and after a resting, control day. |
| 11410 | 9015655 | Insulin clearance was significantly increased by exercise both in healthy men (9% P < 0.05) and in IDDM subjects (15%, P < 0.05). |
| 11411 | 9015655 | After exercise, endogenous insulin secretion in healthy men is reduced and insulin clearance is enhanced both in healthy men and in IDDM patients. |
| 11412 | 9015673 | Analysis of the prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in various climato-geographic and administrative regions of the Ukraine was performed. |
| 11413 | 9015678 | Rational prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) requires knowledge about the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 11414 | 9015681 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) predict the progression of adults masquerading as NIDDM to insulin dependency and predict the eventual occurrence of IDDM in healthy pregnant women in Finland. |
| 11415 | 9015681 | Nevertheless, 94% of children with newly diagnosed IDDM that we studied had an autoimmune response to either GAD, ICA or IAA, singly or in combination. |
| 11416 | 9015681 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) predict the progression of adults masquerading as NIDDM to insulin dependency and predict the eventual occurrence of IDDM in healthy pregnant women in Finland. |
| 11417 | 9015681 | Nevertheless, 94% of children with newly diagnosed IDDM that we studied had an autoimmune response to either GAD, ICA or IAA, singly or in combination. |
| 11418 | 9015683 | This study applied a Cox proportional hazard model to investigate the calendar time trends of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) mortality. |
| 11419 | 9015684 | We studied the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) among children up to 15 years old of Caucasian and Mapuche origin, in the IX Region of Chile between 1980 and 1993. |
| 11420 | 9015688 | Little information is available about insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) when it occurs among US minorities. |
| 11421 | 9015688 | The ongoing epidemic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) among African-Americans and US Hispanics is likely to be the reason for the large number of minority IDDM patients who have a first-degree relative with diabetes. |
| 11422 | 9015688 | Little information is available about insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) when it occurs among US minorities. |
| 11423 | 9015688 | The ongoing epidemic of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) among African-Americans and US Hispanics is likely to be the reason for the large number of minority IDDM patients who have a first-degree relative with diabetes. |
| 11424 | 9017355 | To investigate whether the cardiac sympathetic denervation recently described in newly diagnosed, but metabolically stabilized, diabetic patients without myocardial perfusion abnormalities reflects transient or permanent sympathetic abnormalities, 123-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123-I-MIBG) scintigraphy was performed in 16 patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 1 year after initial assessment and diagnosis. |
| 11425 | 9017355 | The study demonstrates that scintigraphically assessed cardiac sympathetic denervation in newly diagnosed, but metabolically stabilized, IDDM patients is partially reversed with improved metabolic control after 1 year of intensified insulin therapy. |
| 11426 | 9017355 | To investigate whether the cardiac sympathetic denervation recently described in newly diagnosed, but metabolically stabilized, diabetic patients without myocardial perfusion abnormalities reflects transient or permanent sympathetic abnormalities, 123-I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123-I-MIBG) scintigraphy was performed in 16 patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) 1 year after initial assessment and diagnosis. |
| 11427 | 9017355 | The study demonstrates that scintigraphically assessed cardiac sympathetic denervation in newly diagnosed, but metabolically stabilized, IDDM patients is partially reversed with improved metabolic control after 1 year of intensified insulin therapy. |
| 11428 | 9017357 | Past cross-sectional studies have suggested that young adults with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may experience problems in their close peer relationships. |
| 11429 | 9017359 | Sudden death at night is known to occur in young patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the aetiology is uncertain. |
| 11430 | 9017764 | Although the precise events preceding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1 diabetes) have not yet been elucidated, it is known that IDDM results from a slow, progressive, immune process directed against pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 11431 | 9017764 | Several methods have been used to halt the autoimmune destruction of the pancreas, with animal and human studies serving as the basis for insulin in preventing IDDM. |
| 11432 | 9017764 | Although the precise events preceding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type 1 diabetes) have not yet been elucidated, it is known that IDDM results from a slow, progressive, immune process directed against pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 11433 | 9017764 | Several methods have been used to halt the autoimmune destruction of the pancreas, with animal and human studies serving as the basis for insulin in preventing IDDM. |
| 11434 | 9019345 | The study is aimed at the determination of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria in rats with experimentally induced acute and chronic insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11435 | 9020411 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality from long-standing complications. |
| 11436 | 9021409 | HLA-DQ8 (DQA1*0302-DQB1*0302: DQ beta 57 Ala) and (DQA1*0302-DQB1*0303: DQ beta 57 Asp) differ only at beta 57, at which polymorphism reportedly confers distinct susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11437 | 9022066 | IFN-gamma, IGIF, and IDDM. |
| 11438 | 9022953 | In vivo studies have shown that insulin enhances short-side-chain amino acid intracellular uptake, stimulates transcription and translation of RNA, increases the gene expression of albumin and other proteins and inhibits liver protein breakdown enzymes. |
| 11439 | 9022953 | In IDDM patients most of the whole-body protein turnover studies have shown that insulin deficiency increases protein breakdown and increases amino acid oxidation and that these effects are reversed by insulin treatment. |
| 11440 | 9022953 | Recent studies have demonstrated that a substantial increase in leucine transamination during insulin deprivation contributes to leucine catabolism in IDDM patients. |
| 11441 | 9022953 | In addition, insulin has a differential effect on hepatic protein synthesis, i.e. inhibits fibrinogen synthesis and promotes albumin synthesis. |
| 11442 | 9022953 | Insulin's anticatabolic effect in IDDM patients is largely due to its inhibition of protein breakdown. |
| 11443 | 9022953 | In vivo studies have shown that insulin enhances short-side-chain amino acid intracellular uptake, stimulates transcription and translation of RNA, increases the gene expression of albumin and other proteins and inhibits liver protein breakdown enzymes. |
| 11444 | 9022953 | In IDDM patients most of the whole-body protein turnover studies have shown that insulin deficiency increases protein breakdown and increases amino acid oxidation and that these effects are reversed by insulin treatment. |
| 11445 | 9022953 | Recent studies have demonstrated that a substantial increase in leucine transamination during insulin deprivation contributes to leucine catabolism in IDDM patients. |
| 11446 | 9022953 | In addition, insulin has a differential effect on hepatic protein synthesis, i.e. inhibits fibrinogen synthesis and promotes albumin synthesis. |
| 11447 | 9022953 | Insulin's anticatabolic effect in IDDM patients is largely due to its inhibition of protein breakdown. |
| 11448 | 9022953 | In vivo studies have shown that insulin enhances short-side-chain amino acid intracellular uptake, stimulates transcription and translation of RNA, increases the gene expression of albumin and other proteins and inhibits liver protein breakdown enzymes. |
| 11449 | 9022953 | In IDDM patients most of the whole-body protein turnover studies have shown that insulin deficiency increases protein breakdown and increases amino acid oxidation and that these effects are reversed by insulin treatment. |
| 11450 | 9022953 | Recent studies have demonstrated that a substantial increase in leucine transamination during insulin deprivation contributes to leucine catabolism in IDDM patients. |
| 11451 | 9022953 | In addition, insulin has a differential effect on hepatic protein synthesis, i.e. inhibits fibrinogen synthesis and promotes albumin synthesis. |
| 11452 | 9022953 | Insulin's anticatabolic effect in IDDM patients is largely due to its inhibition of protein breakdown. |
| 11453 | 9024222 | Leptin synthesis is resistant to acute effects of insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11454 | 9024222 | Insulin stimulates ob gene expression and increases serum leptin concentrations in mice and in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11455 | 9024222 | We studied the relationship among leptin, insulin, and testosterone in 15 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; age, 29 +/- 2 yr; body mass index, 22.7 +/- 0.5 kg/m2; body fat, 9.5 +/- 1.0%; insulin dose, 44 +/- 4 U/day; hemoglobin A1c, 8.1 +/- 0.3%; diabetes duration, 12.7 +/- 2.0 yr) and 15 healthy control subjects (age, 27 +/- 1 yr; body mass index, 22.6 +/- 0.4 kg/m2; body fat, 9.6 +/- 0.5%) in the fasting state. |
| 11456 | 9024222 | The fasting leptin concentration was negatively correlated to plasma testosterone (r = -0.55; P < 0.05) in IDDM patients. |
| 11457 | 9024222 | The leptin levels were higher in IDDM subjects (P < 0.01) and remained unchanged (2.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) during hyperinsulinemia. |
| 11458 | 9024222 | We reached the following conclusions. 1) In nonobese IDDM patients, leptin synthesis is resistant to the acute effect of insulin. 2) Serum testosterone may contribute to the regulation of leptin synthesis in IDDM patients. |
| 11459 | 9024222 | Leptin synthesis is resistant to acute effects of insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11460 | 9024222 | Insulin stimulates ob gene expression and increases serum leptin concentrations in mice and in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11461 | 9024222 | We studied the relationship among leptin, insulin, and testosterone in 15 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; age, 29 +/- 2 yr; body mass index, 22.7 +/- 0.5 kg/m2; body fat, 9.5 +/- 1.0%; insulin dose, 44 +/- 4 U/day; hemoglobin A1c, 8.1 +/- 0.3%; diabetes duration, 12.7 +/- 2.0 yr) and 15 healthy control subjects (age, 27 +/- 1 yr; body mass index, 22.6 +/- 0.4 kg/m2; body fat, 9.6 +/- 0.5%) in the fasting state. |
| 11462 | 9024222 | The fasting leptin concentration was negatively correlated to plasma testosterone (r = -0.55; P < 0.05) in IDDM patients. |
| 11463 | 9024222 | The leptin levels were higher in IDDM subjects (P < 0.01) and remained unchanged (2.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) during hyperinsulinemia. |
| 11464 | 9024222 | We reached the following conclusions. 1) In nonobese IDDM patients, leptin synthesis is resistant to the acute effect of insulin. 2) Serum testosterone may contribute to the regulation of leptin synthesis in IDDM patients. |
| 11465 | 9024222 | Leptin synthesis is resistant to acute effects of insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11466 | 9024222 | Insulin stimulates ob gene expression and increases serum leptin concentrations in mice and in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11467 | 9024222 | We studied the relationship among leptin, insulin, and testosterone in 15 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; age, 29 +/- 2 yr; body mass index, 22.7 +/- 0.5 kg/m2; body fat, 9.5 +/- 1.0%; insulin dose, 44 +/- 4 U/day; hemoglobin A1c, 8.1 +/- 0.3%; diabetes duration, 12.7 +/- 2.0 yr) and 15 healthy control subjects (age, 27 +/- 1 yr; body mass index, 22.6 +/- 0.4 kg/m2; body fat, 9.6 +/- 0.5%) in the fasting state. |
| 11468 | 9024222 | The fasting leptin concentration was negatively correlated to plasma testosterone (r = -0.55; P < 0.05) in IDDM patients. |
| 11469 | 9024222 | The leptin levels were higher in IDDM subjects (P < 0.01) and remained unchanged (2.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) during hyperinsulinemia. |
| 11470 | 9024222 | We reached the following conclusions. 1) In nonobese IDDM patients, leptin synthesis is resistant to the acute effect of insulin. 2) Serum testosterone may contribute to the regulation of leptin synthesis in IDDM patients. |
| 11471 | 9024222 | Leptin synthesis is resistant to acute effects of insulin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11472 | 9024222 | Insulin stimulates ob gene expression and increases serum leptin concentrations in mice and in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 11473 | 9024222 | We studied the relationship among leptin, insulin, and testosterone in 15 men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; age, 29 +/- 2 yr; body mass index, 22.7 +/- 0.5 kg/m2; body fat, 9.5 +/- 1.0%; insulin dose, 44 +/- 4 U/day; hemoglobin A1c, 8.1 +/- 0.3%; diabetes duration, 12.7 +/- 2.0 yr) and 15 healthy control subjects (age, 27 +/- 1 yr; body mass index, 22.6 +/- 0.4 kg/m2; body fat, 9.6 +/- 0.5%) in the fasting state. |
| 11474 | 9024222 | The fasting leptin concentration was negatively correlated to plasma testosterone (r = -0.55; P < 0.05) in IDDM patients. |
| 11475 | 9024222 | The leptin levels were higher in IDDM subjects (P < 0.01) and remained unchanged (2.7 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.2 ng/mL) during hyperinsulinemia. |
| 11476 | 9024222 | We reached the following conclusions. 1) In nonobese IDDM patients, leptin synthesis is resistant to the acute effect of insulin. 2) Serum testosterone may contribute to the regulation of leptin synthesis in IDDM patients. |
| 11477 | 9025007 | Two hundred forty patients, 219 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 21 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), without history of cerebrovascular accident were followed for 8 years, from January 1981 until December 1988, in our diabetic clinic. |
| 11478 | 9025010 | Peripheral neuropathy was assessed in 135 diabetic patients: 28 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 85 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 22 insulin-treated NIDDM patients, on the basis of both clinical findings and extensive electrophysiological testing (four motor nerves and four sensory nerves, and right and left Hoffmann's reflex), using a total of 20 parameters. |
| 11479 | 9026594 | According to WHO criteria 136 of these patients (24.7%) were classified as insulin-dependent (IDDM), 405 (73.5%) as non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM), and 9 as secondary diabetes (1.6%) related to other diseases. |
| 11480 | 9026936 | 16 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) lasting 8-19 years had pronounced diabetic nephropathy (proteinuria stage), retinopathy (stage I, II or III), disturbed circulation in the lower limbs detected at foot dopplerography. |
| 11481 | 9028516 | Exercise and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): benefits and pitfalls. |
| 11482 | 9028722 | Pramlintide, a human amylin analogue, reduces hyperglycaemia after meals in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11483 | 9028722 | Amylin agonists such as pramlintide may, therefore, be of value in improving glycaemic control in IDDM by modifying gastric emptying. |
| 11484 | 9028722 | Pramlintide, a human amylin analogue, reduces hyperglycaemia after meals in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11485 | 9028722 | Amylin agonists such as pramlintide may, therefore, be of value in improving glycaemic control in IDDM by modifying gastric emptying. |
| 11486 | 9028724 | IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings. |
| 11487 | 9028724 | IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11488 | 9028724 | Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years. |
| 11489 | 9028724 | IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A1*0301-DQ B1*0.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis. |
| 11490 | 9028724 | In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%). |
| 11491 | 9028724 | In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients. |
| 11492 | 9028724 | IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings. |
| 11493 | 9028724 | IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11494 | 9028724 | Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years. |
| 11495 | 9028724 | IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A1*0301-DQ B1*0.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis. |
| 11496 | 9028724 | In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%). |
| 11497 | 9028724 | In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients. |
| 11498 | 9028724 | IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings. |
| 11499 | 9028724 | IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11500 | 9028724 | Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years. |
| 11501 | 9028724 | IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A1*0301-DQ B1*0.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis. |
| 11502 | 9028724 | In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%). |
| 11503 | 9028724 | In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients. |
| 11504 | 9028724 | IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings. |
| 11505 | 9028724 | IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11506 | 9028724 | Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years. |
| 11507 | 9028724 | IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A1*0301-DQ B1*0.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis. |
| 11508 | 9028724 | In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%). |
| 11509 | 9028724 | In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients. |
| 11510 | 9028724 | IA-2-autoantibodies complement GAD65-autoantibodies in new-onset IDDM patients and help predict impending diabetes in their siblings. |
| 11511 | 9028724 | IA-2 has been identified as an autoantigen that is recognized by immunoglobulins from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11512 | 9028724 | Using a liquid phase radiobinding assay, we performed an IA-2-autoantibody (IA-2-Ab) assay in 474 IDDM patients and 482 non-diabetic control subjects aged 0-3 years. |
| 11513 | 9028724 | IA-2-Ab levels were positively correlated with ICA titres (p < 0.001) and HLA DQ A1*0301-DQ B1*0.02 (p < 0.003) by multivariate analysis. |
| 11514 | 9028724 | In a group of 481 non-diabetic siblings (age 0-39 years) of IDDM patients only 7 were IA-2-Ab positive (1.5%). |
| 11515 | 9028724 | In conclusion, IA-2-Ab show a high diagnostic specificity for IDDM and are predictive markers of impending diabetes in siblings of patients. |
| 11516 | 9029704 | As a rule the younger population (usually under age 30) has insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, sometimes referred to as Type I diabetes) while the older population is affected by non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, or Type II). |
| 11517 | 9030873 | The diagnostic specificity of recombinant 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies (21OH-Ab) for Addison's disease was tested in adult patients with either Graves' disease (GD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or polyendocrinopathy, as well as in healthy controls. |
| 11518 | 9031814 | In addition, only 242 patients (18.2%) self-monitored their glycemia with a mean frequency of at least once a day (29.7% among insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 13.9%, among insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM-IT) patients). |
| 11519 | 9033806 | The radical nitric oxide (NO) may be a mediator of pancreatic beta-cell damage in early insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11520 | 9038852 | Eight normal subjects, four subjects with intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and six subjects with conventionally treated IDDM consumed a test meal of 0.5 g protein and 10 kcal per kg body weight, first while adapted to a conventional diet high in protein, and then again after 5 days of dietary protein restriction. |
| 11521 | 9041325 | Exposure to Coxsackie B virus or other enteroviruses prenatally or in childhood increases the risk for later manifestation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11522 | 9042432 | Genetic resistance and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been associated with the HLA class II region on chromosome 6. |
| 11523 | 9042932 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) HLA class II DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 data from four populations (Norwegian, Sardinian, Mexican American, and Taiwanese) have been analyzed to detect the amino acids involved in the disease process. |
| 11524 | 9045858 | Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) type 3 is a dominantly inherited form of diabetes, which is often misdiagnosed as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11525 | 9045858 | Phenotypic analysis of members from four large Finnish MODY3 kindreds (linked to chromosome 12q with a maximum lod score of 15) revealed a severe impairment in insulin secretion, which was present also in those normoglycemic family members who had inherited the MODY3 gene. |
| 11526 | 9045858 | In contrast to patients with NIDDM, MODY3 patients did not show any features of the insulin resistance syndrome. |
| 11527 | 9045858 | Taken together with our recent findings of linkage between this region on chromosome 12 and an insulin-deficient form of NIDDM (NIDDM2), the data suggest that mutations at the MODY3/NIDDM2 gene(s) result in a reduced insulin secretory response, that subsequently progresses to diabetes and underlines the importance of subphenotypic classification in studies of diabetes. |
| 11528 | 9046427 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an immunopathological condition involving loss of beta cell function, but views of how this arises are confusing and contradictory. |
| 11529 | 9047087 | Hypoglycaemia and non-cognitive aspects of psychological function in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11530 | 9047087 | Hypoglycaemia provokes unpleasant symptoms and sensations in patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11531 | 9047087 | Hypoglycaemia and non-cognitive aspects of psychological function in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11532 | 9047087 | Hypoglycaemia provokes unpleasant symptoms and sensations in patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11533 | 9047092 | Genetic variation of a collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene polymorphism in Danish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients: lack of association to nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy. |
| 11534 | 9047092 | In insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the development of nephropathy is partly due to genetic susceptibility. |
| 11535 | 9047092 | Previously one study has demonstrated a relationship between a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 11536 | 9047092 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate such as association in a case-control study including 207 Danish IDDM patients: 116 with nephropathy (urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) > 300 mg 24 h-1) and 91 without nephropathy (AER < 30 mg 24 h-1). |
| 11537 | 9047092 | Using genomic DNA, HindIII restriction fragment length analysis revealed a bi allele polymorphism visualized by southern hybridization with a cDNA probe recognizing the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene. |
| 11538 | 9047092 | We conclude that in a Danish IDDM population a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene is not associated with diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy or with diabetes per se. |
| 11539 | 9047092 | Genetic variation of a collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene polymorphism in Danish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients: lack of association to nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy. |
| 11540 | 9047092 | In insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the development of nephropathy is partly due to genetic susceptibility. |
| 11541 | 9047092 | Previously one study has demonstrated a relationship between a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 11542 | 9047092 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate such as association in a case-control study including 207 Danish IDDM patients: 116 with nephropathy (urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) > 300 mg 24 h-1) and 91 without nephropathy (AER < 30 mg 24 h-1). |
| 11543 | 9047092 | Using genomic DNA, HindIII restriction fragment length analysis revealed a bi allele polymorphism visualized by southern hybridization with a cDNA probe recognizing the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene. |
| 11544 | 9047092 | We conclude that in a Danish IDDM population a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene is not associated with diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy or with diabetes per se. |
| 11545 | 9047092 | Genetic variation of a collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene polymorphism in Danish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients: lack of association to nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy. |
| 11546 | 9047092 | In insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the development of nephropathy is partly due to genetic susceptibility. |
| 11547 | 9047092 | Previously one study has demonstrated a relationship between a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 11548 | 9047092 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate such as association in a case-control study including 207 Danish IDDM patients: 116 with nephropathy (urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) > 300 mg 24 h-1) and 91 without nephropathy (AER < 30 mg 24 h-1). |
| 11549 | 9047092 | Using genomic DNA, HindIII restriction fragment length analysis revealed a bi allele polymorphism visualized by southern hybridization with a cDNA probe recognizing the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene. |
| 11550 | 9047092 | We conclude that in a Danish IDDM population a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene is not associated with diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy or with diabetes per se. |
| 11551 | 9047092 | Genetic variation of a collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene polymorphism in Danish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients: lack of association to nephropathy and proliferative retinopathy. |
| 11552 | 9047092 | In insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) the development of nephropathy is partly due to genetic susceptibility. |
| 11553 | 9047092 | Previously one study has demonstrated a relationship between a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 11554 | 9047092 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate such as association in a case-control study including 207 Danish IDDM patients: 116 with nephropathy (urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) > 300 mg 24 h-1) and 91 without nephropathy (AER < 30 mg 24 h-1). |
| 11555 | 9047092 | Using genomic DNA, HindIII restriction fragment length analysis revealed a bi allele polymorphism visualized by southern hybridization with a cDNA probe recognizing the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene. |
| 11556 | 9047092 | We conclude that in a Danish IDDM population a HindIII restriction polymorphism of the collagen IV alpha 1-chain gene is not associated with diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy or with diabetes per se. |
| 11557 | 9047093 | Some patients with non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are positive for antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD), which have been shown to be a useful marker for the diagnosis and prediction of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11558 | 9048209 | The initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are complex processes that depend on autoantigen exposure, genetic susceptibility, and secondary events that promote autoaggression. |
| 11559 | 9048209 | T-cell costimulation, largely mediated by CD28/B7 interactions, is a major regulatory pathway in the activation and differentiation of T-cells that cause IDDM in murine models. |
| 11560 | 9048209 | The initiation and progression of autoimmune diseases, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are complex processes that depend on autoantigen exposure, genetic susceptibility, and secondary events that promote autoaggression. |
| 11561 | 9048209 | T-cell costimulation, largely mediated by CD28/B7 interactions, is a major regulatory pathway in the activation and differentiation of T-cells that cause IDDM in murine models. |
| 11562 | 9048916 | Reliable genetic and immunological markers are important in the prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11563 | 9048916 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate primary autoantigen, we examined the possible linkage between IDDM and the genes encoding GAD65 (GAD2, 10p11-12) and GAD67 (GAD1, 2q31) in 58 Danish IDDM affected sib pairs. |
| 11564 | 9048916 | No evidence of linkage was found between IDDM and either of the genes encoding GAD. |
| 11565 | 9048916 | Considering the high prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, a putative genetic association between GAD and IDDM would be expected to affect most diabetic individuals. |
| 11566 | 9048916 | Therefore, our data indicate that the association between GAD and IDDM is not genetically determined, and that microsatellites used in this study do not contribute to the prediction of IDDM. |
| 11567 | 9048916 | Reliable genetic and immunological markers are important in the prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11568 | 9048916 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate primary autoantigen, we examined the possible linkage between IDDM and the genes encoding GAD65 (GAD2, 10p11-12) and GAD67 (GAD1, 2q31) in 58 Danish IDDM affected sib pairs. |
| 11569 | 9048916 | No evidence of linkage was found between IDDM and either of the genes encoding GAD. |
| 11570 | 9048916 | Considering the high prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, a putative genetic association between GAD and IDDM would be expected to affect most diabetic individuals. |
| 11571 | 9048916 | Therefore, our data indicate that the association between GAD and IDDM is not genetically determined, and that microsatellites used in this study do not contribute to the prediction of IDDM. |
| 11572 | 9048916 | Reliable genetic and immunological markers are important in the prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11573 | 9048916 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate primary autoantigen, we examined the possible linkage between IDDM and the genes encoding GAD65 (GAD2, 10p11-12) and GAD67 (GAD1, 2q31) in 58 Danish IDDM affected sib pairs. |
| 11574 | 9048916 | No evidence of linkage was found between IDDM and either of the genes encoding GAD. |
| 11575 | 9048916 | Considering the high prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, a putative genetic association between GAD and IDDM would be expected to affect most diabetic individuals. |
| 11576 | 9048916 | Therefore, our data indicate that the association between GAD and IDDM is not genetically determined, and that microsatellites used in this study do not contribute to the prediction of IDDM. |
| 11577 | 9048916 | Reliable genetic and immunological markers are important in the prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11578 | 9048916 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate primary autoantigen, we examined the possible linkage between IDDM and the genes encoding GAD65 (GAD2, 10p11-12) and GAD67 (GAD1, 2q31) in 58 Danish IDDM affected sib pairs. |
| 11579 | 9048916 | No evidence of linkage was found between IDDM and either of the genes encoding GAD. |
| 11580 | 9048916 | Considering the high prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, a putative genetic association between GAD and IDDM would be expected to affect most diabetic individuals. |
| 11581 | 9048916 | Therefore, our data indicate that the association between GAD and IDDM is not genetically determined, and that microsatellites used in this study do not contribute to the prediction of IDDM. |
| 11582 | 9048916 | Reliable genetic and immunological markers are important in the prediction of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11583 | 9048916 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a candidate primary autoantigen, we examined the possible linkage between IDDM and the genes encoding GAD65 (GAD2, 10p11-12) and GAD67 (GAD1, 2q31) in 58 Danish IDDM affected sib pairs. |
| 11584 | 9048916 | No evidence of linkage was found between IDDM and either of the genes encoding GAD. |
| 11585 | 9048916 | Considering the high prevalence of GAD autoantibodies in IDDM, a putative genetic association between GAD and IDDM would be expected to affect most diabetic individuals. |
| 11586 | 9048916 | Therefore, our data indicate that the association between GAD and IDDM is not genetically determined, and that microsatellites used in this study do not contribute to the prediction of IDDM. |
| 11587 | 9049479 | We present secular trends of childhood onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania during the period of 1983-1992. |
| 11588 | 9049483 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the geographic variation in mortality among individuals with youth-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) across the world. |
| 11589 | 9049485 | This single-centre study investigated parameters that positively correlated with the success rate after islet allotransplantation in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11590 | 9049488 | The rate of development and progression of renal disease varies greatly in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 11591 | 9049792 | Monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns in IDDM patients with periodontal diseases. |
| 11592 | 9049792 | The aim of the present study was to identify whether monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns could serve as a potential phenotypic discriminator for periodontal disease susceptibility within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 11593 | 9049792 | In 32 IDDM individuals the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion dose-response characteristics were analyzed and related to two different periodontal status categories. |
| 11594 | 9049792 | In addition, approximately 40% (10 of 24) IDDM periodontitis patients in group B demonstrated a 62-fold elevation in TNF alpha secretion relative to non-diabetic gingivitis or periodontitis patients and a 13.5-fold increase relative to IDDM group A (gingivitis or mild periodontitis) patients. |
| 11595 | 9049792 | Monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns in IDDM patients with periodontal diseases. |
| 11596 | 9049792 | The aim of the present study was to identify whether monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns could serve as a potential phenotypic discriminator for periodontal disease susceptibility within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 11597 | 9049792 | In 32 IDDM individuals the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion dose-response characteristics were analyzed and related to two different periodontal status categories. |
| 11598 | 9049792 | In addition, approximately 40% (10 of 24) IDDM periodontitis patients in group B demonstrated a 62-fold elevation in TNF alpha secretion relative to non-diabetic gingivitis or periodontitis patients and a 13.5-fold increase relative to IDDM group A (gingivitis or mild periodontitis) patients. |
| 11599 | 9049792 | Monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns in IDDM patients with periodontal diseases. |
| 11600 | 9049792 | The aim of the present study was to identify whether monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns could serve as a potential phenotypic discriminator for periodontal disease susceptibility within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 11601 | 9049792 | In 32 IDDM individuals the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion dose-response characteristics were analyzed and related to two different periodontal status categories. |
| 11602 | 9049792 | In addition, approximately 40% (10 of 24) IDDM periodontitis patients in group B demonstrated a 62-fold elevation in TNF alpha secretion relative to non-diabetic gingivitis or periodontitis patients and a 13.5-fold increase relative to IDDM group A (gingivitis or mild periodontitis) patients. |
| 11603 | 9049792 | Monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns in IDDM patients with periodontal diseases. |
| 11604 | 9049792 | The aim of the present study was to identify whether monocytic TNF alpha secretion patterns could serve as a potential phenotypic discriminator for periodontal disease susceptibility within insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 11605 | 9049792 | In 32 IDDM individuals the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated monocytic TNF alpha secretion dose-response characteristics were analyzed and related to two different periodontal status categories. |
| 11606 | 9049792 | In addition, approximately 40% (10 of 24) IDDM periodontitis patients in group B demonstrated a 62-fold elevation in TNF alpha secretion relative to non-diabetic gingivitis or periodontitis patients and a 13.5-fold increase relative to IDDM group A (gingivitis or mild periodontitis) patients. |
| 11607 | 9052056 | The relationship between nonroutine use of insulin, food, and exercise and the occurrence of hypoglycemia in adults with IDDM and varying degrees of hypoglycemic awareness and metabolic control. |
| 11608 | 9052056 | The purpose of this study was to determine objectively the relationships between changes in the usual amount of insulin injected, food eaten, and exercise performed, and the subsequent occurrence of low blood glucose (< 3.9 mM) in adults with IDDM and varying degrees of hypoglycemic awareness and metabolic control. |
| 11609 | 9052056 | The relationship between nonroutine use of insulin, food, and exercise and the occurrence of hypoglycemia in adults with IDDM and varying degrees of hypoglycemic awareness and metabolic control. |
| 11610 | 9052056 | The purpose of this study was to determine objectively the relationships between changes in the usual amount of insulin injected, food eaten, and exercise performed, and the subsequent occurrence of low blood glucose (< 3.9 mM) in adults with IDDM and varying degrees of hypoglycemic awareness and metabolic control. |
| 11611 | 9052888 | To characterize the molecular mechanism of cardiac and renal complications in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), we examined the gene expression of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a new animal model for human NIDDM, at the ages of 14 weeks (prediabetic stage), 30 weeks (NIDDM stage), and 54 weeks (IDDM stage). |
| 11612 | 9052888 | In 14-week-old OLETF rats, cardiac mRNAs for transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and extracellular matrix, including collagen types I, III, and IV and laminin, were significantly increased compared with control rats (Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats). |
| 11613 | 9052888 | Cardiac beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC) mRNA of OLETF was increased at 30 and 54 weeks of age, whereas alpha-MHC mRNA of OLETF was inversely decreased at 54 weeks. |
| 11614 | 9053453 | Interferon-gamma is essential for destruction of beta cells and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11615 | 9053453 | Autoimmune mediated destruction of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans leads to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11616 | 9053453 | Rat insulin promoter (RIP) lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) transgenic mice that express the nucleoprotein (NP) or glycoprotein (GP) of LCMV under control of the RIP in their beta cells develop IDDM after infection with LCMV and serve as a model for virus-induced IDDM. |
| 11617 | 9053453 | By the use of our RIP LCMV model, we show that in perforin competent but interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-deficient mice, beta cell injury is limited and IDDM does not occur. |
| 11618 | 9053453 | Interferon-gamma is essential for destruction of beta cells and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11619 | 9053453 | Autoimmune mediated destruction of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans leads to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11620 | 9053453 | Rat insulin promoter (RIP) lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) transgenic mice that express the nucleoprotein (NP) or glycoprotein (GP) of LCMV under control of the RIP in their beta cells develop IDDM after infection with LCMV and serve as a model for virus-induced IDDM. |
| 11621 | 9053453 | By the use of our RIP LCMV model, we show that in perforin competent but interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-deficient mice, beta cell injury is limited and IDDM does not occur. |
| 11622 | 9053453 | Interferon-gamma is essential for destruction of beta cells and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11623 | 9053453 | Autoimmune mediated destruction of beta cells of the islets of Langerhans leads to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11624 | 9053453 | Rat insulin promoter (RIP) lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) transgenic mice that express the nucleoprotein (NP) or glycoprotein (GP) of LCMV under control of the RIP in their beta cells develop IDDM after infection with LCMV and serve as a model for virus-induced IDDM. |
| 11625 | 9053453 | By the use of our RIP LCMV model, we show that in perforin competent but interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-deficient mice, beta cell injury is limited and IDDM does not occur. |
| 11626 | 9054944 | Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus. |
| 11627 | 9054944 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 11628 | 9054944 | Genetic susceptibility to IDDM is encoded by several loci, one of which (IDDM2) maps to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite, upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 11629 | 9054944 | These may be related to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis, as insulin is the only known beta-cell specific IDDM autoantigen. |
| 11630 | 9054944 | Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus. |
| 11631 | 9054944 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 11632 | 9054944 | Genetic susceptibility to IDDM is encoded by several loci, one of which (IDDM2) maps to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite, upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 11633 | 9054944 | These may be related to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis, as insulin is the only known beta-cell specific IDDM autoantigen. |
| 11634 | 9054944 | Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus. |
| 11635 | 9054944 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 11636 | 9054944 | Genetic susceptibility to IDDM is encoded by several loci, one of which (IDDM2) maps to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite, upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 11637 | 9054944 | These may be related to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis, as insulin is the only known beta-cell specific IDDM autoantigen. |
| 11638 | 9054944 | Insulin expression in human thymus is modulated by INS VNTR alleles at the IDDM2 locus. |
| 11639 | 9054944 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 11640 | 9054944 | Genetic susceptibility to IDDM is encoded by several loci, one of which (IDDM2) maps to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite, upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 11641 | 9054944 | These may be related to type 1 diabetes pathogenesis, as insulin is the only known beta-cell specific IDDM autoantigen. |
| 11642 | 9054945 | Type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease associated with loss of tolerance to several pancreatic islet cell molecules, including insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), ICA69 and the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (refs 1-3). |
| 11643 | 9054945 | Among several predisposing loci, IDDM2 maps to the insulin gene (INS) VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (refs 4-9). |
| 11644 | 9054945 | Allelic variation at this VNTR locus correlates with steady-state levels of INS mRNA in pancreas and transfected rodent cell lines, but it is difficult to reconcile the association of lower INS mRNA levels in the pancreas with class III VNTRs that are dominantly protective from IDDM. |
| 11645 | 9054945 | We show that during fetal development and childhood, mRNAs for insulin and other islet cell autoantigens (GAD, ICA69, IA-2) are expressed at low levels in the human thymus. |
| 11646 | 9054945 | This finding provides a plausible explanation for the dominant protective effect of class III VNTRs, and suggests that diabetes susceptibility and resistance associated with IDDM2 may derive from the VNTR influence on INS transcription in the thymus. |
| 11647 | 9054945 | Type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease associated with loss of tolerance to several pancreatic islet cell molecules, including insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), ICA69 and the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (refs 1-3). |
| 11648 | 9054945 | Among several predisposing loci, IDDM2 maps to the insulin gene (INS) VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (refs 4-9). |
| 11649 | 9054945 | Allelic variation at this VNTR locus correlates with steady-state levels of INS mRNA in pancreas and transfected rodent cell lines, but it is difficult to reconcile the association of lower INS mRNA levels in the pancreas with class III VNTRs that are dominantly protective from IDDM. |
| 11650 | 9054945 | We show that during fetal development and childhood, mRNAs for insulin and other islet cell autoantigens (GAD, ICA69, IA-2) are expressed at low levels in the human thymus. |
| 11651 | 9054945 | This finding provides a plausible explanation for the dominant protective effect of class III VNTRs, and suggests that diabetes susceptibility and resistance associated with IDDM2 may derive from the VNTR influence on INS transcription in the thymus. |
| 11652 | 9054945 | Type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease associated with loss of tolerance to several pancreatic islet cell molecules, including insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), ICA69 and the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (refs 1-3). |
| 11653 | 9054945 | Among several predisposing loci, IDDM2 maps to the insulin gene (INS) VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (refs 4-9). |
| 11654 | 9054945 | Allelic variation at this VNTR locus correlates with steady-state levels of INS mRNA in pancreas and transfected rodent cell lines, but it is difficult to reconcile the association of lower INS mRNA levels in the pancreas with class III VNTRs that are dominantly protective from IDDM. |
| 11655 | 9054945 | We show that during fetal development and childhood, mRNAs for insulin and other islet cell autoantigens (GAD, ICA69, IA-2) are expressed at low levels in the human thymus. |
| 11656 | 9054945 | This finding provides a plausible explanation for the dominant protective effect of class III VNTRs, and suggests that diabetes susceptibility and resistance associated with IDDM2 may derive from the VNTR influence on INS transcription in the thymus. |
| 11657 | 9054945 | Type 1, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease associated with loss of tolerance to several pancreatic islet cell molecules, including insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), ICA69 and the tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (refs 1-3). |
| 11658 | 9054945 | Among several predisposing loci, IDDM2 maps to the insulin gene (INS) VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats) minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (refs 4-9). |
| 11659 | 9054945 | Allelic variation at this VNTR locus correlates with steady-state levels of INS mRNA in pancreas and transfected rodent cell lines, but it is difficult to reconcile the association of lower INS mRNA levels in the pancreas with class III VNTRs that are dominantly protective from IDDM. |
| 11660 | 9054945 | We show that during fetal development and childhood, mRNAs for insulin and other islet cell autoantigens (GAD, ICA69, IA-2) are expressed at low levels in the human thymus. |
| 11661 | 9054945 | This finding provides a plausible explanation for the dominant protective effect of class III VNTRs, and suggests that diabetes susceptibility and resistance associated with IDDM2 may derive from the VNTR influence on INS transcription in the thymus. |
| 11662 | 9055933 | Skin microvascular reactivity and platelet aggregation in response to collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was studied prospectively in a population-based cohort of children with newly acquired type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM), who have now been followed up longitudinally for 5 years. |
| 11663 | 9055934 | In the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), rheological changes have been shown to precede clinically detectable microangiopathy. |
| 11664 | 9058186 | Detection of serum autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a new method to differentiate insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11665 | 9058186 | We also established a sandwich ELISA for anti-GAD Ab of the IgG class using GAD65 for coating and the anti-human IgG for detection and examined 54 sera of the IDDM patients and 45 sera of normal individuals. |
| 11666 | 9058186 | Detection of serum autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a new method to differentiate insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11667 | 9058186 | We also established a sandwich ELISA for anti-GAD Ab of the IgG class using GAD65 for coating and the anti-human IgG for detection and examined 54 sera of the IDDM patients and 45 sera of normal individuals. |
| 11668 | 9058314 | Analysis of an interferon-gamma gene (IFNG) polymorphism in Danish and Finnish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and control subjects. |
| 11669 | 9058314 | This polymorphism was recently demonstrated to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Japanese subjects. |
| 11670 | 9058314 | Analysis of data according to HLA-DQB1 susceptibility status did not reveal heterogeneity of risk at the IFN-gamma locus in either of the populations. |
| 11671 | 9058314 | Thus, the modest significance level observed in the Finnish case-control study and the failure to replicate it by the TDT provide little support for the hypothesis that the IFN-gamma gene microsatellite is associated with IDDM. |
| 11672 | 9058314 | Analysis of an interferon-gamma gene (IFNG) polymorphism in Danish and Finnish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and control subjects. |
| 11673 | 9058314 | This polymorphism was recently demonstrated to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Japanese subjects. |
| 11674 | 9058314 | Analysis of data according to HLA-DQB1 susceptibility status did not reveal heterogeneity of risk at the IFN-gamma locus in either of the populations. |
| 11675 | 9058314 | Thus, the modest significance level observed in the Finnish case-control study and the failure to replicate it by the TDT provide little support for the hypothesis that the IFN-gamma gene microsatellite is associated with IDDM. |
| 11676 | 9058314 | Analysis of an interferon-gamma gene (IFNG) polymorphism in Danish and Finnish insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and control subjects. |
| 11677 | 9058314 | This polymorphism was recently demonstrated to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Japanese subjects. |
| 11678 | 9058314 | Analysis of data according to HLA-DQB1 susceptibility status did not reveal heterogeneity of risk at the IFN-gamma locus in either of the populations. |
| 11679 | 9058314 | Thus, the modest significance level observed in the Finnish case-control study and the failure to replicate it by the TDT provide little support for the hypothesis that the IFN-gamma gene microsatellite is associated with IDDM. |
| 11680 | 9058329 | The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and monocytic secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) were measured in a group of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 systemically healthy individuals. |
| 11681 | 9058329 | LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE2 than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion within the IDDM patients. |
| 11682 | 9058329 | Our data suggest that the high GCF and monocytic secretion of PGE2 and IL-1 beta in IDDM patients may be a consequence of a systemic response trait and that the presence of Gram-negative infections such as periodontal diseases may interact synergistically to yield high local levels of these mediators and a more severe periodontal condition. |
| 11683 | 9058329 | The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and monocytic secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) were measured in a group of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 systemically healthy individuals. |
| 11684 | 9058329 | LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE2 than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion within the IDDM patients. |
| 11685 | 9058329 | Our data suggest that the high GCF and monocytic secretion of PGE2 and IL-1 beta in IDDM patients may be a consequence of a systemic response trait and that the presence of Gram-negative infections such as periodontal diseases may interact synergistically to yield high local levels of these mediators and a more severe periodontal condition. |
| 11686 | 9058329 | The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and monocytic secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) were measured in a group of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 systemically healthy individuals. |
| 11687 | 9058329 | LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from Group B diabetics produced approximately 3 times more PGE2 than Group A monocytes; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion within the IDDM patients. |
| 11688 | 9058329 | Our data suggest that the high GCF and monocytic secretion of PGE2 and IL-1 beta in IDDM patients may be a consequence of a systemic response trait and that the presence of Gram-negative infections such as periodontal diseases may interact synergistically to yield high local levels of these mediators and a more severe periodontal condition. |
| 11689 | 9059768 | They were classified according to WHO criteria into 136 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (24.7%), 405 non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (73.7%) and 9 diabetes secondary to other diseases (1.6%). |
| 11690 | 9059768 | Many atypical features were noted: IDDM in obese patients, NIDDM in ketotic subjects and patients with varying insulin requirements, all of which led to difficulties in classifying many diabetic patients according to current practices. |
| 11691 | 9059768 | They were classified according to WHO criteria into 136 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (24.7%), 405 non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (73.7%) and 9 diabetes secondary to other diseases (1.6%). |
| 11692 | 9059768 | Many atypical features were noted: IDDM in obese patients, NIDDM in ketotic subjects and patients with varying insulin requirements, all of which led to difficulties in classifying many diabetic patients according to current practices. |
| 11693 | 9060005 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and the non-obese diabetic mouse is a polygenic disease, resulting from an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells. |
| 11694 | 9060005 | Although there is much circumstantial evidence to suggest that IDDM is environmentally induced, recent studies support the possibility that the inductive event involves cross-reactive immune responses to antigenic epitopes acting as molecular mimics between microbial proteins and autoantigens expressed by pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. |
| 11695 | 9060005 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and the non-obese diabetic mouse is a polygenic disease, resulting from an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells. |
| 11696 | 9060005 | Although there is much circumstantial evidence to suggest that IDDM is environmentally induced, recent studies support the possibility that the inductive event involves cross-reactive immune responses to antigenic epitopes acting as molecular mimics between microbial proteins and autoantigens expressed by pancreatic insulin-secreting beta cells. |
| 11697 | 9062507 | Although Lispro insulin improves immediate postprandial glycemia compared to Regular insulin, long term trials of Lispro insulin have not shown improvement in overall glycemic control, as determined by glycosylated hemoglobin. |
| 11698 | 9062507 | After establishment of euglycemia overnight, 12 healthy IDDM patients received human Ultralente insulin (0.2 U/kg) alone and in combination with each of the following treatments in random sequence immediately before ingesting a 750-Cal American Diabetes Association breakfast: 1) 0.15 U/kg human Regular insulin (Regular 0.15 group), 2) 0.15 U/kg Lispro insulin (Lispro 0.15 group), 3) 0.1 U/kg Lispro insulin (Lispro 0.1 group), and 4) an equimolar (1:1) mixture of Lispro and Regular insulins (0.15 U/kg; 1:1 Mix group). |
| 11699 | 9062507 | These findings suggest that improvement in overall glycemia, as assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin, may be achievable with Lispro insulin if adequate doses are administered. |
| 11700 | 9065996 | Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and coagulation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11701 | 9065996 | Recently, we found an increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11702 | 9065996 | This increase in TFPI activity could be the result of increased thrombin formation and/or altered binding of TFPI to glycosaminoglycans. |
| 11703 | 9065996 | We studied TFPI activity (chromogenic assay) in relation to prothrombin F1 + 2 fragments and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), in 46 IDDM patients, and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 11704 | 9065996 | Prothrombin, antithrombin and thrombomodulin were also determined. |
| 11705 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients, TFPI activity and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher, while ETP, prothrombin antigen levels, and antithrombin activity were lower as compared to the controls. |
| 11706 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, a manifestation of generalized angiopathy, TFPI activity, F1 + 2 and thrombomodulin levels were higher than in patients with only retinopathy or patients without complications. |
| 11707 | 9065996 | No correlation between TFPI activity, F1 + 2 levels and thrombomodulin was found, while TFPI activity was negatively correlated with ETP (r = -0.27). |
| 11708 | 9065996 | Microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with TFPI activity (r = 0.46), F1 + 2 (r = 0.56), and thrombomodulin (r = 0.52). |
| 11709 | 9065996 | In conclusion, the increase in TFPI activity in IDDM patients may not be considered to be a reaction on a procoagulant state. |
| 11710 | 9065996 | Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and coagulation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11711 | 9065996 | Recently, we found an increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11712 | 9065996 | This increase in TFPI activity could be the result of increased thrombin formation and/or altered binding of TFPI to glycosaminoglycans. |
| 11713 | 9065996 | We studied TFPI activity (chromogenic assay) in relation to prothrombin F1 + 2 fragments and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), in 46 IDDM patients, and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 11714 | 9065996 | Prothrombin, antithrombin and thrombomodulin were also determined. |
| 11715 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients, TFPI activity and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher, while ETP, prothrombin antigen levels, and antithrombin activity were lower as compared to the controls. |
| 11716 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, a manifestation of generalized angiopathy, TFPI activity, F1 + 2 and thrombomodulin levels were higher than in patients with only retinopathy or patients without complications. |
| 11717 | 9065996 | No correlation between TFPI activity, F1 + 2 levels and thrombomodulin was found, while TFPI activity was negatively correlated with ETP (r = -0.27). |
| 11718 | 9065996 | Microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with TFPI activity (r = 0.46), F1 + 2 (r = 0.56), and thrombomodulin (r = 0.52). |
| 11719 | 9065996 | In conclusion, the increase in TFPI activity in IDDM patients may not be considered to be a reaction on a procoagulant state. |
| 11720 | 9065996 | Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and coagulation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11721 | 9065996 | Recently, we found an increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11722 | 9065996 | This increase in TFPI activity could be the result of increased thrombin formation and/or altered binding of TFPI to glycosaminoglycans. |
| 11723 | 9065996 | We studied TFPI activity (chromogenic assay) in relation to prothrombin F1 + 2 fragments and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), in 46 IDDM patients, and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 11724 | 9065996 | Prothrombin, antithrombin and thrombomodulin were also determined. |
| 11725 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients, TFPI activity and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher, while ETP, prothrombin antigen levels, and antithrombin activity were lower as compared to the controls. |
| 11726 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, a manifestation of generalized angiopathy, TFPI activity, F1 + 2 and thrombomodulin levels were higher than in patients with only retinopathy or patients without complications. |
| 11727 | 9065996 | No correlation between TFPI activity, F1 + 2 levels and thrombomodulin was found, while TFPI activity was negatively correlated with ETP (r = -0.27). |
| 11728 | 9065996 | Microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with TFPI activity (r = 0.46), F1 + 2 (r = 0.56), and thrombomodulin (r = 0.52). |
| 11729 | 9065996 | In conclusion, the increase in TFPI activity in IDDM patients may not be considered to be a reaction on a procoagulant state. |
| 11730 | 9065996 | Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and coagulation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11731 | 9065996 | Recently, we found an increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11732 | 9065996 | This increase in TFPI activity could be the result of increased thrombin formation and/or altered binding of TFPI to glycosaminoglycans. |
| 11733 | 9065996 | We studied TFPI activity (chromogenic assay) in relation to prothrombin F1 + 2 fragments and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), in 46 IDDM patients, and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 11734 | 9065996 | Prothrombin, antithrombin and thrombomodulin were also determined. |
| 11735 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients, TFPI activity and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher, while ETP, prothrombin antigen levels, and antithrombin activity were lower as compared to the controls. |
| 11736 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, a manifestation of generalized angiopathy, TFPI activity, F1 + 2 and thrombomodulin levels were higher than in patients with only retinopathy or patients without complications. |
| 11737 | 9065996 | No correlation between TFPI activity, F1 + 2 levels and thrombomodulin was found, while TFPI activity was negatively correlated with ETP (r = -0.27). |
| 11738 | 9065996 | Microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with TFPI activity (r = 0.46), F1 + 2 (r = 0.56), and thrombomodulin (r = 0.52). |
| 11739 | 9065996 | In conclusion, the increase in TFPI activity in IDDM patients may not be considered to be a reaction on a procoagulant state. |
| 11740 | 9065996 | Increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and coagulation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11741 | 9065996 | Recently, we found an increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11742 | 9065996 | This increase in TFPI activity could be the result of increased thrombin formation and/or altered binding of TFPI to glycosaminoglycans. |
| 11743 | 9065996 | We studied TFPI activity (chromogenic assay) in relation to prothrombin F1 + 2 fragments and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), in 46 IDDM patients, and 18 age and sex-matched healthy controls. |
| 11744 | 9065996 | Prothrombin, antithrombin and thrombomodulin were also determined. |
| 11745 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients, TFPI activity and F1 + 2 levels were significantly higher, while ETP, prothrombin antigen levels, and antithrombin activity were lower as compared to the controls. |
| 11746 | 9065996 | In IDDM patients with microalbuminuria, a manifestation of generalized angiopathy, TFPI activity, F1 + 2 and thrombomodulin levels were higher than in patients with only retinopathy or patients without complications. |
| 11747 | 9065996 | No correlation between TFPI activity, F1 + 2 levels and thrombomodulin was found, while TFPI activity was negatively correlated with ETP (r = -0.27). |
| 11748 | 9065996 | Microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with TFPI activity (r = 0.46), F1 + 2 (r = 0.56), and thrombomodulin (r = 0.52). |
| 11749 | 9065996 | In conclusion, the increase in TFPI activity in IDDM patients may not be considered to be a reaction on a procoagulant state. |
| 11750 | 9069569 | AN was associated with retinopathy in both IDDM (chi2 = 10, P < 0.03) and NIDDM patients (chi2 = 14, P < 0.007), while only in IDDM albumin excretion was significantly higher in patients with AN. |
| 11751 | 9073323 | It has become quite clear that diabetes cannot simply be divided into NIDDM and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11752 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11753 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11754 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11755 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11756 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11757 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11758 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11759 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11760 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11761 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11762 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11763 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11764 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11765 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11766 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11767 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11768 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11769 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11770 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11771 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11772 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11773 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11774 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11775 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11776 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11777 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11778 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11779 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11780 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11781 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11782 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11783 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11784 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11785 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11786 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11787 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11788 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11789 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11790 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11791 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11792 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11793 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11794 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11795 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11796 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11797 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11798 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11799 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11800 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11801 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11802 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11803 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11804 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11805 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11806 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11807 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11808 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11809 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11810 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11811 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11812 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11813 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11814 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11815 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11816 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11817 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11818 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11819 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11820 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11821 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11822 | 9073547 | Activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11823 | 9073547 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease directed against the insulin-secreting beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 11824 | 9073547 | We have previously shown that in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, Graves' disease (GD), and IDDM, the antigen that is specific for each of these disorders (i.e., TSH receptor for GD, glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) for IDDM) does not activate the disease-specific CD8+ cells as fully as CD8+ cells from normal persons. |
| 11825 | 9073547 | In order to identify the specific antigen responsible for triggering or maintaining autoimmunity in patients afflicted with the disease, we have studied the effects of islet (beta) cell-specific antigens GAD65, insulin, pancreatic antigen (P69), T cell epitope 69 (Tep69), and a milk-derived bovine serum albumin (BSA)-peptide-ABBOS (pre-BSA positions 157-169) on the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes in IDDM patients. |
| 11826 | 9073547 | We compared the patterns of T cells activation with those mediated by an irrelevant peptide antigen, P348 (amino-terminal region of human cardiac myosin light chain-1), and also tetanus toxoid. |
| 11827 | 9073547 | We also studied the responses of CD8+ T lymphocytes to these IDDM-relevant and -irrelevant antigens in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients (HT), rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA), and normal control subjects (N) to compare the pattern of responses in the other autoimmune diseases. |
| 11828 | 9073547 | When the response of CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients to each of the IDDM-relevant antigens was compared to that of the irrelevant antigen, only GAD65 and ABBOS showed a significantly reduced activation compared to P348 and tetanus toxoid. |
| 11829 | 9073547 | Moreover, CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients showed a significantly lower activation by GAD65 than those from N, HT, and RA. |
| 11830 | 9073547 | In conclusion, our data suggest that CD8+ T lymphocytes of IDDM patients but not those from N, HT, and RA groups have specifically reduced potential for activation in response to GAD65 but not to insulin, P69, and Tep69, whereas ABBOS exerts a less well-defined reductive effect on the activation of CD8+ lymphocytes of IDDM patients. |
| 11831 | 9073547 | Since CD8+ cells have been shown to contain suppressor activity, our data support the notion that a disease-specific defect in GAD65 autoantigenic induction of suppressor T lymphocytes may be important in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 11832 | 9074282 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in Chinese is much lower than for Western persons. |
| 11833 | 9075599 | IDDM is caused by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in genetically susceptible individuals. |
| 11834 | 9075600 | Sera from 30 Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients of short duration were examined to determine whether they had antibodies to proteolytic fragments of islet antigen, the molecular weights of which were 37,000 and/or 40,000 Mr (37KAb). |
| 11835 | 9075796 | Association between alphabetaTCR+CD4-CD8- T-cell deficiency and IDDM in NOD/Lt mice. |
| 11836 | 9075809 | The results indicate that in addition to good glycemic control, avoidance of smoking and good blood pressure control may be helpful in preventing or delaying the onset of DSP in IDDM patients. |
| 11837 | 9080297 | We conclude that NIT-1 cell membranes do not express GAD but contain other antigens that are important in the development and prevention of IDDM. |
| 11838 | 9083709 | A 12-month study was performed in 336 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 295 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11839 | 9083709 | IDDM patients receiving insulin lispro achieved significantly lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients receiving regular human insulin (8.1% vs 8.3%). |
| 11840 | 9083709 | A 12-month study was performed in 336 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 295 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 11841 | 9083709 | IDDM patients receiving insulin lispro achieved significantly lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients receiving regular human insulin (8.1% vs 8.3%). |
| 11842 | 9084970 | This study estimates the direct health care costs of the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Spain. |
| 11843 | 9084972 | Evaluation of risk factors for the development of nephropathy in patients with IDDM: insertion/deletion angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism, hypertension and metabolic control. |
| 11844 | 9084972 | Diabetic nephropathy represents a major complication in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11845 | 9084972 | Intervention trials using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have pointed towards the important pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 11846 | 9084972 | As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy. |
| 11847 | 9084972 | Evaluation of risk factors for the development of nephropathy in patients with IDDM: insertion/deletion angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism, hypertension and metabolic control. |
| 11848 | 9084972 | Diabetic nephropathy represents a major complication in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11849 | 9084972 | Intervention trials using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have pointed towards the important pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 11850 | 9084972 | As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy. |
| 11851 | 9084972 | Evaluation of risk factors for the development of nephropathy in patients with IDDM: insertion/deletion angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism, hypertension and metabolic control. |
| 11852 | 9084972 | Diabetic nephropathy represents a major complication in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11853 | 9084972 | Intervention trials using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have pointed towards the important pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 11854 | 9084972 | As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy. |
| 11855 | 9084973 | GAD65 is one of the major autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11856 | 9084973 | The two peptides p17 and p18 of GAD65 that share sequence similarity with coxsackie virus (amino acid sequence identity: PEVKEK) appeared to be the major determinants of GAD65 recognized preferably by T cells from new-onset IDDM patients and their first degree relatives. |
| 11857 | 9084973 | In contrast, in our study unrelated control subjects frequently recognized the two GAD peptides (55%, 16/29), similar to first degree relatives (41%, 12/29) and IDDM patients post-onset (68%, 15/22). |
| 11858 | 9084973 | Moreover, this study demonstrated a positive correlation of T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 (amino acid 247-266) and p18 (amino acid 260-279) with simultaneous responses to both peptides in 13% of all subjects tested (n = 97) (p < 0.001). |
| 11859 | 9084973 | T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 was higher than to p18 in recent-onset diabetic patients, first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects (p < 0.02, p < 0.004, p < 0.002, respectively). |
| 11860 | 9084973 | GAD65 is one of the major autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11861 | 9084973 | The two peptides p17 and p18 of GAD65 that share sequence similarity with coxsackie virus (amino acid sequence identity: PEVKEK) appeared to be the major determinants of GAD65 recognized preferably by T cells from new-onset IDDM patients and their first degree relatives. |
| 11862 | 9084973 | In contrast, in our study unrelated control subjects frequently recognized the two GAD peptides (55%, 16/29), similar to first degree relatives (41%, 12/29) and IDDM patients post-onset (68%, 15/22). |
| 11863 | 9084973 | Moreover, this study demonstrated a positive correlation of T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 (amino acid 247-266) and p18 (amino acid 260-279) with simultaneous responses to both peptides in 13% of all subjects tested (n = 97) (p < 0.001). |
| 11864 | 9084973 | T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 was higher than to p18 in recent-onset diabetic patients, first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects (p < 0.02, p < 0.004, p < 0.002, respectively). |
| 11865 | 9084973 | GAD65 is one of the major autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11866 | 9084973 | The two peptides p17 and p18 of GAD65 that share sequence similarity with coxsackie virus (amino acid sequence identity: PEVKEK) appeared to be the major determinants of GAD65 recognized preferably by T cells from new-onset IDDM patients and their first degree relatives. |
| 11867 | 9084973 | In contrast, in our study unrelated control subjects frequently recognized the two GAD peptides (55%, 16/29), similar to first degree relatives (41%, 12/29) and IDDM patients post-onset (68%, 15/22). |
| 11868 | 9084973 | Moreover, this study demonstrated a positive correlation of T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 (amino acid 247-266) and p18 (amino acid 260-279) with simultaneous responses to both peptides in 13% of all subjects tested (n = 97) (p < 0.001). |
| 11869 | 9084973 | T-cell proliferation to GAD p17 was higher than to p18 in recent-onset diabetic patients, first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects (p < 0.02, p < 0.004, p < 0.002, respectively). |
| 11870 | 9085233 | A cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, has been reported to selectively promote the expansion of a B lymphocyte lineage (CD5/LY1/B1) which has the propensity for secreting high levels of autoantibody. |
| 11871 | 9085233 | Therefore, the purpose of this project was to evaluate IL-10 production, percentage of CD5 B cells and the frequency of anti-collagen secreting cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of age, gender and race matched IDDM patients and controls. |
| 11872 | 9085233 | In 8 of 31 patients, IL-10 levels were significantly increased in IDDM compared to controls and a higher percentage of CD5 B cells was also observed by flow cytometry. |
| 11873 | 9085233 | These findings support the concept that a subset of IDDM patients possess an extremely robust IL-10 response following exposure to Gram-negative LPS, which could predispose them to the development of periodontitis through a heightened autoimmune mechanism. |
| 11874 | 9085233 | A cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, has been reported to selectively promote the expansion of a B lymphocyte lineage (CD5/LY1/B1) which has the propensity for secreting high levels of autoantibody. |
| 11875 | 9085233 | Therefore, the purpose of this project was to evaluate IL-10 production, percentage of CD5 B cells and the frequency of anti-collagen secreting cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of age, gender and race matched IDDM patients and controls. |
| 11876 | 9085233 | In 8 of 31 patients, IL-10 levels were significantly increased in IDDM compared to controls and a higher percentage of CD5 B cells was also observed by flow cytometry. |
| 11877 | 9085233 | These findings support the concept that a subset of IDDM patients possess an extremely robust IL-10 response following exposure to Gram-negative LPS, which could predispose them to the development of periodontitis through a heightened autoimmune mechanism. |
| 11878 | 9085233 | A cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, has been reported to selectively promote the expansion of a B lymphocyte lineage (CD5/LY1/B1) which has the propensity for secreting high levels of autoantibody. |
| 11879 | 9085233 | Therefore, the purpose of this project was to evaluate IL-10 production, percentage of CD5 B cells and the frequency of anti-collagen secreting cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of age, gender and race matched IDDM patients and controls. |
| 11880 | 9085233 | In 8 of 31 patients, IL-10 levels were significantly increased in IDDM compared to controls and a higher percentage of CD5 B cells was also observed by flow cytometry. |
| 11881 | 9085233 | These findings support the concept that a subset of IDDM patients possess an extremely robust IL-10 response following exposure to Gram-negative LPS, which could predispose them to the development of periodontitis through a heightened autoimmune mechanism. |
| 11882 | 9088771 | Movement performance was studied in 29 long-term patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 29 matched control subjects. |
| 11883 | 9088773 | The effect of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on skin microvascular hyperaemia in microalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11884 | 9088773 | Patients with longstanding insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are reported to have microvascular complications in most capillary beds. |
| 11885 | 9088774 | Response of apolipoprotein AIV and lipoproteins to glycaemic control in young people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11886 | 9088774 | Young people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 104, 7 to 19 years old) were classified into groups of good (I), fair (II), and poor (III) diabetic control and compared to 22 healthy controls of same origin and age range. |
| 11887 | 9088774 | Neither HDL-C nor apolipoprotein AI (apo AI) were affected by glycaemic control, but phospholipids were increased in all three subgroups of IDDM subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 11888 | 9088774 | Response of apolipoprotein AIV and lipoproteins to glycaemic control in young people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11889 | 9088774 | Young people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (n = 104, 7 to 19 years old) were classified into groups of good (I), fair (II), and poor (III) diabetic control and compared to 22 healthy controls of same origin and age range. |
| 11890 | 9088774 | Neither HDL-C nor apolipoprotein AI (apo AI) were affected by glycaemic control, but phospholipids were increased in all three subgroups of IDDM subjects (p < 0.001). |
| 11891 | 9090656 | To identify early abnormalities in renal handling of DA and sodium we challenged 16 normotensive patients with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), 18 normotensive nondiabetic subjects with familial borderline hypertension, and 16 healthy controls, 14-29 years old, with a high-sodium diet (HSD). |
| 11892 | 9091575 | The class II major histocompatibility complex molecule I-A(g7) is strongly linked to the development of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non obese diabetic mice and to the induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Biozzi AB/H mice. |
| 11893 | 9096915 | The aim of this study was to compare, by gated radionuclide angiography, systolic and diastolic ventricular function in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients without overt cardiovascular disease. |
| 11894 | 9096915 | The duration of diabetes (DD) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels were significantly higher in the IDDM patients. |
| 11895 | 9096915 | The aim of this study was to compare, by gated radionuclide angiography, systolic and diastolic ventricular function in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients without overt cardiovascular disease. |
| 11896 | 9096915 | The duration of diabetes (DD) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels were significantly higher in the IDDM patients. |
| 11897 | 9098400 | T-cell receptor alpha, delta, and gamma chain genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 11898 | 9098400 | We have studied the genotypic, haplotypic, and allelic distribution of germline Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) of T-cell receptor (Tcr) alpha, gamma, and delta loci in 75 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 84 healthy blood donors as control population. |
| 11899 | 9098435 | The role of HLA class II alleles in genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined using Polymerase Chain Reaction/oligonucleotide probe typing (PCR/SSOs) of eight HLA class II loci in 58 IDDM patients and 50 healthy controls from the Northwest of Spain (Asturias). |
| 11900 | 9098435 | By using the aetiologic fraction (delta) as an almost absolute measure of the strongest linkage of disequilibrium of a HLA marker to the putative Type I susceptibility locus, it has been found that the strength of association of the HLA markers may be quantified as follows: DQA1*03-DQB1*0302 or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 > DR3 or DR4; presence of more than one dimer DQ alpha beta of the six proposed by Rønningen > non-Asp57 DQ beta and Arg52 DQ alpha > Arg52 DQ alpha > non-Asp57 DQ beta/non-Asp57 DQ beta > DRB1*0301; DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 > DQA1*03-DQB1*0302; DQB1*0302. |
| 11901 | 9098456 | The segregation of these alleles has been associated with levels of TNF alpha or TNF beta production in systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in healthy control individuals. |
| 11902 | 9099922 | Antibodies against this epitope were induced during enterovirus (including CBV) infections in initially healthy children who later progressed to clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11903 | 9099922 | Antibody responses were frequent also in constantly GAD65 antibody-negative non-diabetic children, and antibody levels did not differ between newly diagnosed IDDM patients and matched control subjects. |
| 11904 | 9099922 | Antibodies against this epitope were induced during enterovirus (including CBV) infections in initially healthy children who later progressed to clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11905 | 9099922 | Antibody responses were frequent also in constantly GAD65 antibody-negative non-diabetic children, and antibody levels did not differ between newly diagnosed IDDM patients and matched control subjects. |
| 11906 | 9100051 | Our hypothesis was that insulin-dependent (IDDM) transplant candidates with coronary artery disease identified with pretransplant coronary angiography would have an increased number of vascular events (amputation, cerebral vascular accident [CVA], or myocardial infarction [MI]) within 3 years of follow-up. |
| 11907 | 9100593 | Dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects on the growth hormone/IGF/IGF-binding protein system. |
| 11908 | 9100593 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) exhibit abnormalities in the GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, including GH hypersecretion, low serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, and elevated IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 11909 | 9100593 | We recently demonstrated that in IDDM, dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin plus recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) improves glycemic control better than insulin alone. |
| 11910 | 9100593 | Forty-three pediatric IDDM patients were randomly assigned to groups receiving daily, fasting subcutaneous injections of placebo or rhIGF-I (80 micrograms.kg.day) for 28 days, while continuing to receive splitmix insulin therapy and intensive outpatient management. rhIGF-I therapy corrected IGF-I deficiency, suppressed IGFBP-1 levels (P < 0.01), and induced a trend toward lower circulating GH levels throughout the study. rhIGF-I therapy also induced an approximate 50% decrease in IGF-II levels (P < 0.001) and an approximate 70% increase in IGFBP-2 levels (P < 0.05). |
| 11911 | 9100593 | Because improvements in the GH/ IGF axis abnormalities and in glycemic control were greater in subjects receiving combined rhIGF-I and insulin, these data strongly support the concept that dual hormonal replacement in IDDM may offer distinct therapeutic advantages over insulin monotherapy. |
| 11912 | 9100593 | Dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects on the growth hormone/IGF/IGF-binding protein system. |
| 11913 | 9100593 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) exhibit abnormalities in the GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, including GH hypersecretion, low serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, and elevated IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 11914 | 9100593 | We recently demonstrated that in IDDM, dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin plus recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) improves glycemic control better than insulin alone. |
| 11915 | 9100593 | Forty-three pediatric IDDM patients were randomly assigned to groups receiving daily, fasting subcutaneous injections of placebo or rhIGF-I (80 micrograms.kg.day) for 28 days, while continuing to receive splitmix insulin therapy and intensive outpatient management. rhIGF-I therapy corrected IGF-I deficiency, suppressed IGFBP-1 levels (P < 0.01), and induced a trend toward lower circulating GH levels throughout the study. rhIGF-I therapy also induced an approximate 50% decrease in IGF-II levels (P < 0.001) and an approximate 70% increase in IGFBP-2 levels (P < 0.05). |
| 11916 | 9100593 | Because improvements in the GH/ IGF axis abnormalities and in glycemic control were greater in subjects receiving combined rhIGF-I and insulin, these data strongly support the concept that dual hormonal replacement in IDDM may offer distinct therapeutic advantages over insulin monotherapy. |
| 11917 | 9100593 | Dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects on the growth hormone/IGF/IGF-binding protein system. |
| 11918 | 9100593 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) exhibit abnormalities in the GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, including GH hypersecretion, low serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, and elevated IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 11919 | 9100593 | We recently demonstrated that in IDDM, dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin plus recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) improves glycemic control better than insulin alone. |
| 11920 | 9100593 | Forty-three pediatric IDDM patients were randomly assigned to groups receiving daily, fasting subcutaneous injections of placebo or rhIGF-I (80 micrograms.kg.day) for 28 days, while continuing to receive splitmix insulin therapy and intensive outpatient management. rhIGF-I therapy corrected IGF-I deficiency, suppressed IGFBP-1 levels (P < 0.01), and induced a trend toward lower circulating GH levels throughout the study. rhIGF-I therapy also induced an approximate 50% decrease in IGF-II levels (P < 0.001) and an approximate 70% increase in IGFBP-2 levels (P < 0.05). |
| 11921 | 9100593 | Because improvements in the GH/ IGF axis abnormalities and in glycemic control were greater in subjects receiving combined rhIGF-I and insulin, these data strongly support the concept that dual hormonal replacement in IDDM may offer distinct therapeutic advantages over insulin monotherapy. |
| 11922 | 9100593 | Dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: effects on the growth hormone/IGF/IGF-binding protein system. |
| 11923 | 9100593 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) exhibit abnormalities in the GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, including GH hypersecretion, low serum IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels, and elevated IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 11924 | 9100593 | We recently demonstrated that in IDDM, dual hormonal replacement therapy with insulin plus recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) improves glycemic control better than insulin alone. |
| 11925 | 9100593 | Forty-three pediatric IDDM patients were randomly assigned to groups receiving daily, fasting subcutaneous injections of placebo or rhIGF-I (80 micrograms.kg.day) for 28 days, while continuing to receive splitmix insulin therapy and intensive outpatient management. rhIGF-I therapy corrected IGF-I deficiency, suppressed IGFBP-1 levels (P < 0.01), and induced a trend toward lower circulating GH levels throughout the study. rhIGF-I therapy also induced an approximate 50% decrease in IGF-II levels (P < 0.001) and an approximate 70% increase in IGFBP-2 levels (P < 0.05). |
| 11926 | 9100593 | Because improvements in the GH/ IGF axis abnormalities and in glycemic control were greater in subjects receiving combined rhIGF-I and insulin, these data strongly support the concept that dual hormonal replacement in IDDM may offer distinct therapeutic advantages over insulin monotherapy. |
| 11927 | 9101397 | Diabetic patients are several times as prone to kidney disease as nondiabetic people and the accumulative risk of diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is about 30%-50% after 25 years of disease. |
| 11928 | 9103469 | MHC class II alleles clearly contribute a primary genetic component of susceptibility to autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 11929 | 9105778 | Both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders. |
| 11930 | 9105779 | In particular, monozygotic twin studies have indicated a higher rate of concordance in non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) than in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11931 | 9105779 | In IDDM, 8 susceptibility loci have been identified, notably the HLA complex and insulin promotor gene. |
| 11932 | 9105779 | Rigorous family studies have identified monogenic subtypes representing 10-15% of all NIDDM: MODY2 related to glucokinase gene mutations, MODY1 and MODY3 secondary to mutation of hepatic nuclear factors, and diabetes resulting from deletion or mutation of mitochondrial DNA. |
| 11933 | 9105779 | Finally, susceptibility genes for the increased severity and frequency of vascular complications have been identified, such as angiotensin converting enzyme, aldose reductase and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes. |
| 11934 | 9105779 | In particular, monozygotic twin studies have indicated a higher rate of concordance in non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) than in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11935 | 9105779 | In IDDM, 8 susceptibility loci have been identified, notably the HLA complex and insulin promotor gene. |
| 11936 | 9105779 | Rigorous family studies have identified monogenic subtypes representing 10-15% of all NIDDM: MODY2 related to glucokinase gene mutations, MODY1 and MODY3 secondary to mutation of hepatic nuclear factors, and diabetes resulting from deletion or mutation of mitochondrial DNA. |
| 11937 | 9105779 | Finally, susceptibility genes for the increased severity and frequency of vascular complications have been identified, such as angiotensin converting enzyme, aldose reductase and aldehyde dehydrogenase genes. |
| 11938 | 9105780 | The association of diabetes with HLA class I alleles in the early 1970s and with HLA class II alleles in the late 1970s provided a crucial, though indirect, indication of the role of immune phenomena in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11939 | 9105780 | The very precise definition of susceptibility and protection alleles proved to be an important diagnostic factor in predicting IDDM and was also the first step towards an understanding of the role of class II antigen-presenting molecules in the development of the autoimmune reaction responsible for the destruction of insulin-secreting cells and the subsequent onset of diabetes. |
| 11940 | 9105780 | The association of diabetes with HLA class I alleles in the early 1970s and with HLA class II alleles in the late 1970s provided a crucial, though indirect, indication of the role of immune phenomena in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11941 | 9105780 | The very precise definition of susceptibility and protection alleles proved to be an important diagnostic factor in predicting IDDM and was also the first step towards an understanding of the role of class II antigen-presenting molecules in the development of the autoimmune reaction responsible for the destruction of insulin-secreting cells and the subsequent onset of diabetes. |
| 11942 | 9109852 | Since recent studies demonstrated the occurrence of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation A3243G in patients with adult-onset diabetes, an investigation was undertaken to determine the frequency of this mutation in a pediatric population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11943 | 9112337 | Interleukin 1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: comparison to long-standing diabetes and healthy individuals. |
| 11944 | 9112337 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) are important for the beta cell lysis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is considered protective by blocking the effects of IL-1. |
| 11945 | 9112337 | Serum concentrations and ex-vivo production of IL-1, TNF and IL-1ra were examined in 10 newly diagnosed IDDM (ND-IDDM) patients, and compared with 11 long-standing IDDM (LS-IDDM) patients and 14 healthy volunteers. |
| 11946 | 9112337 | Ex-vivo LPS-stimulated production of IL-1 in ND-IDDM patients was significantly increased compared with LS-IDDM patients and healthy controls, while TNF and IL-1ra synthesis did not differ significantly. |
| 11947 | 9112337 | IL-1ra/IL-1 ratio was significantly decreased in ND-IDDM, and returned to normal values in the LS-IDDM group. |
| 11948 | 9112337 | Interleukin 1 beta, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: comparison to long-standing diabetes and healthy individuals. |
| 11949 | 9112337 | Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) are important for the beta cell lysis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is considered protective by blocking the effects of IL-1. |
| 11950 | 9112337 | Serum concentrations and ex-vivo production of IL-1, TNF and IL-1ra were examined in 10 newly diagnosed IDDM (ND-IDDM) patients, and compared with 11 long-standing IDDM (LS-IDDM) patients and 14 healthy volunteers. |
| 11951 | 9112337 | Ex-vivo LPS-stimulated production of IL-1 in ND-IDDM patients was significantly increased compared with LS-IDDM patients and healthy controls, while TNF and IL-1ra synthesis did not differ significantly. |
| 11952 | 9112337 | IL-1ra/IL-1 ratio was significantly decreased in ND-IDDM, and returned to normal values in the LS-IDDM group. |
| 11953 | 9113482 | To assess whether these factors may have an aetiological and synergistic role in the vascular complications of diabetes, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring was performed in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with normal albumin excretion (n = 19) and microalbuminuria (n = 21) of comparable age and duration of diabetes, and with no evidence of autonomic neuropathy or hypertension. |
| 11954 | 9113485 | There are several predictors of severe hypoglycaemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), many of which are correlated. |
| 11955 | 9113485 | Sixty patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied prospectively for one year during which any episodes of severe hypoglycaemia, asymptomatic biochemical hypoglycaemia, and glycaemic control were documented. |
| 11956 | 9113485 | There are several predictors of severe hypoglycaemia in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), many of which are correlated. |
| 11957 | 9113485 | Sixty patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied prospectively for one year during which any episodes of severe hypoglycaemia, asymptomatic biochemical hypoglycaemia, and glycaemic control were documented. |
| 11958 | 9113489 | Insulin resistance may also play a role at various stages in the natural history of insulin dependent (Type 1) diabetes (IDDM) and this was the topic of a workshop held in London on Friday 14 July 1995. |
| 11959 | 9113489 | The mechanisms of insulin resistance in IDDM are ill-defined but probably include 'glucose toxicity'. |
| 11960 | 9113489 | Following the clinical onset of IDDM, insulin resistance could influence the length of the 'honeymoon period', diabetic control and patterns of growth during puberty, insulin requirements and blood glucose control at any time, the birth weight of infants born to diabetic mothers, and, through an effect on lipid metabolism and hypertension, ultimately contribute to the excess mortality associated with IDDM. |
| 11961 | 9113489 | As it is likely that insulin resistance has a wide-ranging influence on the natural history of diabetes in IDDM patients we suggest that treatment with insulin enhancers may prove beneficial in selected patients. |
| 11962 | 9113489 | Insulin resistance may also play a role at various stages in the natural history of insulin dependent (Type 1) diabetes (IDDM) and this was the topic of a workshop held in London on Friday 14 July 1995. |
| 11963 | 9113489 | The mechanisms of insulin resistance in IDDM are ill-defined but probably include 'glucose toxicity'. |
| 11964 | 9113489 | Following the clinical onset of IDDM, insulin resistance could influence the length of the 'honeymoon period', diabetic control and patterns of growth during puberty, insulin requirements and blood glucose control at any time, the birth weight of infants born to diabetic mothers, and, through an effect on lipid metabolism and hypertension, ultimately contribute to the excess mortality associated with IDDM. |
| 11965 | 9113489 | As it is likely that insulin resistance has a wide-ranging influence on the natural history of diabetes in IDDM patients we suggest that treatment with insulin enhancers may prove beneficial in selected patients. |
| 11966 | 9113489 | Insulin resistance may also play a role at various stages in the natural history of insulin dependent (Type 1) diabetes (IDDM) and this was the topic of a workshop held in London on Friday 14 July 1995. |
| 11967 | 9113489 | The mechanisms of insulin resistance in IDDM are ill-defined but probably include 'glucose toxicity'. |
| 11968 | 9113489 | Following the clinical onset of IDDM, insulin resistance could influence the length of the 'honeymoon period', diabetic control and patterns of growth during puberty, insulin requirements and blood glucose control at any time, the birth weight of infants born to diabetic mothers, and, through an effect on lipid metabolism and hypertension, ultimately contribute to the excess mortality associated with IDDM. |
| 11969 | 9113489 | As it is likely that insulin resistance has a wide-ranging influence on the natural history of diabetes in IDDM patients we suggest that treatment with insulin enhancers may prove beneficial in selected patients. |
| 11970 | 9113489 | Insulin resistance may also play a role at various stages in the natural history of insulin dependent (Type 1) diabetes (IDDM) and this was the topic of a workshop held in London on Friday 14 July 1995. |
| 11971 | 9113489 | The mechanisms of insulin resistance in IDDM are ill-defined but probably include 'glucose toxicity'. |
| 11972 | 9113489 | Following the clinical onset of IDDM, insulin resistance could influence the length of the 'honeymoon period', diabetic control and patterns of growth during puberty, insulin requirements and blood glucose control at any time, the birth weight of infants born to diabetic mothers, and, through an effect on lipid metabolism and hypertension, ultimately contribute to the excess mortality associated with IDDM. |
| 11973 | 9113489 | As it is likely that insulin resistance has a wide-ranging influence on the natural history of diabetes in IDDM patients we suggest that treatment with insulin enhancers may prove beneficial in selected patients. |
| 11974 | 9114645 | Utilized both interview and self-report methods to examine transactional patterns of child, mother, and father adjustment in a sample of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11975 | 9115153 | Osteopenia has been described as a complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11976 | 9115153 | Height, height standard deviation scores, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), basal c-peptide concentrations, insulin dose, serum concentrations of procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), and collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) were measured at onset of IDDM and at 3, 6 and 12 months. |
| 11977 | 9115153 | ICTP was in the normal range at onset of IDDM and decreased during the follow-up to reach a significant difference compared to controls after 3, 6 and 12 months of insulin treatment (P < 0.04). |
| 11978 | 9115153 | Bone formation at onset of IDDM is not impaired; the introduction of insulin therapy, together with the achievement of a good metabolic control, determines an increase of bone matrix formation coupled with a decrease of bone resorption, that determines a positive balance of bone modeling. |
| 11979 | 9115153 | Osteopenia has been described as a complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11980 | 9115153 | Height, height standard deviation scores, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), basal c-peptide concentrations, insulin dose, serum concentrations of procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), and collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) were measured at onset of IDDM and at 3, 6 and 12 months. |
| 11981 | 9115153 | ICTP was in the normal range at onset of IDDM and decreased during the follow-up to reach a significant difference compared to controls after 3, 6 and 12 months of insulin treatment (P < 0.04). |
| 11982 | 9115153 | Bone formation at onset of IDDM is not impaired; the introduction of insulin therapy, together with the achievement of a good metabolic control, determines an increase of bone matrix formation coupled with a decrease of bone resorption, that determines a positive balance of bone modeling. |
| 11983 | 9115153 | Osteopenia has been described as a complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11984 | 9115153 | Height, height standard deviation scores, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), basal c-peptide concentrations, insulin dose, serum concentrations of procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), and collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) were measured at onset of IDDM and at 3, 6 and 12 months. |
| 11985 | 9115153 | ICTP was in the normal range at onset of IDDM and decreased during the follow-up to reach a significant difference compared to controls after 3, 6 and 12 months of insulin treatment (P < 0.04). |
| 11986 | 9115153 | Bone formation at onset of IDDM is not impaired; the introduction of insulin therapy, together with the achievement of a good metabolic control, determines an increase of bone matrix formation coupled with a decrease of bone resorption, that determines a positive balance of bone modeling. |
| 11987 | 9115153 | Osteopenia has been described as a complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 11988 | 9115153 | Height, height standard deviation scores, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C), basal c-peptide concentrations, insulin dose, serum concentrations of procollagen type I C-terminal propeptide (PICP), and collagen type I C-terminal telopeptide (ICTP) were measured at onset of IDDM and at 3, 6 and 12 months. |
| 11989 | 9115153 | ICTP was in the normal range at onset of IDDM and decreased during the follow-up to reach a significant difference compared to controls after 3, 6 and 12 months of insulin treatment (P < 0.04). |
| 11990 | 9115153 | Bone formation at onset of IDDM is not impaired; the introduction of insulin therapy, together with the achievement of a good metabolic control, determines an increase of bone matrix formation coupled with a decrease of bone resorption, that determines a positive balance of bone modeling. |
| 11991 | 9115575 | Lymphocytes from 77 newly diagnosed IDDM patients, 58 IDDM patients with disease duration > 6 months and 30 non-diabetic controls (including patients with several inflammatory conditions) were analyzed for membrane expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO and CD27 molecules by FACS analysis. |
| 11992 | 9115575 | However, the percentage of CD4+ T cells, and consequently the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly increased in PBL of recently diagnosed diabetic patients compared to the non-diabetic control group (P < 0.005). |
| 11993 | 9115575 | IDDM patients had a lower percentage of resting memory T cells (CD45RO+ CD27+) than the non-diabetic controls. |
| 11994 | 9115575 | The proportion of CD45RO+ lymphocytes lacking the CD27 molecule ((re)-activated memory cells) was similar in IDDM patients and non-diabetic controls. |
| 11995 | 9115575 | Our findings confirm and extend previous observations that a disturbance in lymphocyte subset distribution is present in patients with IDDM showing an increase in the percentages of circulating CD4 lymphocytes. |
| 11996 | 9115575 | Lymphocytes from 77 newly diagnosed IDDM patients, 58 IDDM patients with disease duration > 6 months and 30 non-diabetic controls (including patients with several inflammatory conditions) were analyzed for membrane expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO and CD27 molecules by FACS analysis. |
| 11997 | 9115575 | However, the percentage of CD4+ T cells, and consequently the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly increased in PBL of recently diagnosed diabetic patients compared to the non-diabetic control group (P < 0.005). |
| 11998 | 9115575 | IDDM patients had a lower percentage of resting memory T cells (CD45RO+ CD27+) than the non-diabetic controls. |
| 11999 | 9115575 | The proportion of CD45RO+ lymphocytes lacking the CD27 molecule ((re)-activated memory cells) was similar in IDDM patients and non-diabetic controls. |
| 12000 | 9115575 | Our findings confirm and extend previous observations that a disturbance in lymphocyte subset distribution is present in patients with IDDM showing an increase in the percentages of circulating CD4 lymphocytes. |
| 12001 | 9115575 | Lymphocytes from 77 newly diagnosed IDDM patients, 58 IDDM patients with disease duration > 6 months and 30 non-diabetic controls (including patients with several inflammatory conditions) were analyzed for membrane expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO and CD27 molecules by FACS analysis. |
| 12002 | 9115575 | However, the percentage of CD4+ T cells, and consequently the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly increased in PBL of recently diagnosed diabetic patients compared to the non-diabetic control group (P < 0.005). |
| 12003 | 9115575 | IDDM patients had a lower percentage of resting memory T cells (CD45RO+ CD27+) than the non-diabetic controls. |
| 12004 | 9115575 | The proportion of CD45RO+ lymphocytes lacking the CD27 molecule ((re)-activated memory cells) was similar in IDDM patients and non-diabetic controls. |
| 12005 | 9115575 | Our findings confirm and extend previous observations that a disturbance in lymphocyte subset distribution is present in patients with IDDM showing an increase in the percentages of circulating CD4 lymphocytes. |
| 12006 | 9115575 | Lymphocytes from 77 newly diagnosed IDDM patients, 58 IDDM patients with disease duration > 6 months and 30 non-diabetic controls (including patients with several inflammatory conditions) were analyzed for membrane expression of CD4, CD8, CD45RA, CD45RO and CD27 molecules by FACS analysis. |
| 12007 | 9115575 | However, the percentage of CD4+ T cells, and consequently the CD4/CD8 ratio were significantly increased in PBL of recently diagnosed diabetic patients compared to the non-diabetic control group (P < 0.005). |
| 12008 | 9115575 | IDDM patients had a lower percentage of resting memory T cells (CD45RO+ CD27+) than the non-diabetic controls. |
| 12009 | 9115575 | The proportion of CD45RO+ lymphocytes lacking the CD27 molecule ((re)-activated memory cells) was similar in IDDM patients and non-diabetic controls. |
| 12010 | 9115575 | Our findings confirm and extend previous observations that a disturbance in lymphocyte subset distribution is present in patients with IDDM showing an increase in the percentages of circulating CD4 lymphocytes. |
| 12011 | 9117082 | This study investigated the effect of (a) insulin-related diabetes, and (b) chronic in vivo administration of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, on mean arterial pressure and in vitro vascular reactivity to noradrenaline in mesenteric arterial bed preparations from spontaneously diabetic, insulin-dependent and treated BB rats, the best animal model of insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM) currently available. |
| 12012 | 9118560 | The current concept of the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is based on the view that environmental factors, either alone or in combination, trigger in a genetically, susceptible individual an autoimmune process which leads to the destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells. |
| 12013 | 9118776 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins: link with IDDM. |
| 12014 | 9122001 | [Effects of opiate receptor blockade with naloxone on prolactin (PRL) secretion in patients with diabetes type I (IDDM) with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis (HD)]. |
| 12015 | 9122001 | Prolactin concentration was measured by LIA. 1) The basic prolactin secretion was significantly higher in the patients with chronic renal failure. 2) The basic prolactin secretion in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy in the end stage renal failure treated with haemodialysis was significantly lower than in haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure of non-diabetic etiology. 3) TRH and TRH with naloxone caused significant increase of prolactin secretion in all investigated groups, but the increase is significantly lower in chronic renal failure patients than in healthy subjects. 4) Naloxone decreases significantly the prolactin secretion during TRH test only in haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure of non-diabetic etiology. |
| 12016 | 9122001 | [Effects of opiate receptor blockade with naloxone on prolactin (PRL) secretion in patients with diabetes type I (IDDM) with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis (HD)]. |
| 12017 | 9122001 | Prolactin concentration was measured by LIA. 1) The basic prolactin secretion was significantly higher in the patients with chronic renal failure. 2) The basic prolactin secretion in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy in the end stage renal failure treated with haemodialysis was significantly lower than in haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure of non-diabetic etiology. 3) TRH and TRH with naloxone caused significant increase of prolactin secretion in all investigated groups, but the increase is significantly lower in chronic renal failure patients than in healthy subjects. 4) Naloxone decreases significantly the prolactin secretion during TRH test only in haemodialyzed patients with chronic renal failure of non-diabetic etiology. |
| 12018 | 9132645 | Urinary albumin excretion rate during angiotensin II infusion in microalbuminuric patients with insulin and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12019 | 9132645 | As angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition is accompanied by a marked decrease in glomerular protein loss, the hypothesis was tested that an increase of the glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference by exogenous angiotensin II would increase microalbuminuria in patients with insulin (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12020 | 9132645 | Acute effects of increasing doses of angiotensin II (1, 3 and 6 ng/kg/min) were studied on mean arterial pressure (MAP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), filtration fraction (FF), total renal vascular resistance (TRVR), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in 11 IDDM and 11 NIDDM microalbuminuric patients. |
| 12021 | 9132645 | We suggest that during manipulation of the renin-angiotensin system, as in other renal diseases with proteinuria, factors other than glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure determine the degree of urinary albumin loss in microalbuminuric IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 12022 | 9132645 | Urinary albumin excretion rate during angiotensin II infusion in microalbuminuric patients with insulin and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12023 | 9132645 | As angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition is accompanied by a marked decrease in glomerular protein loss, the hypothesis was tested that an increase of the glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference by exogenous angiotensin II would increase microalbuminuria in patients with insulin (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12024 | 9132645 | Acute effects of increasing doses of angiotensin II (1, 3 and 6 ng/kg/min) were studied on mean arterial pressure (MAP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), filtration fraction (FF), total renal vascular resistance (TRVR), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in 11 IDDM and 11 NIDDM microalbuminuric patients. |
| 12025 | 9132645 | We suggest that during manipulation of the renin-angiotensin system, as in other renal diseases with proteinuria, factors other than glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure determine the degree of urinary albumin loss in microalbuminuric IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 12026 | 9132645 | Urinary albumin excretion rate during angiotensin II infusion in microalbuminuric patients with insulin and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12027 | 9132645 | As angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition is accompanied by a marked decrease in glomerular protein loss, the hypothesis was tested that an increase of the glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference by exogenous angiotensin II would increase microalbuminuria in patients with insulin (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12028 | 9132645 | Acute effects of increasing doses of angiotensin II (1, 3 and 6 ng/kg/min) were studied on mean arterial pressure (MAP), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF), filtration fraction (FF), total renal vascular resistance (TRVR), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in 11 IDDM and 11 NIDDM microalbuminuric patients. |
| 12029 | 9132645 | We suggest that during manipulation of the renin-angiotensin system, as in other renal diseases with proteinuria, factors other than glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure determine the degree of urinary albumin loss in microalbuminuric IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 12030 | 9133033 | Patients with diabetes mellitus (86 IDDM, 30 NIDDM) under intensified insulin therapy did not differ from healthy control groups in life quality components chosen in the presented study. |
| 12031 | 9134049 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs as a consequence of autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 12032 | 9134049 | Although progress has been made in the field of islet transplantation, an appealing alternative strategy for beta-cell replacement therapy for IDDM is to target insulin expression to non-islet cells. |
| 12033 | 9134049 | We have recently generated transgenic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice in which insulin gene expression was targeted to proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cells of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. |
| 12034 | 9134049 | We have shown that POMC-expressing IL pituitary cells secreted large amounts of mature insulin, similar to islet beta-cells. |
| 12035 | 9134049 | These features are highly advantageous in the transplantation setting and demonstrate the considerable potential of these non-islet cell types for insulin-gene delivery in IDDM. |
| 12036 | 9134049 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs as a consequence of autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 12037 | 9134049 | Although progress has been made in the field of islet transplantation, an appealing alternative strategy for beta-cell replacement therapy for IDDM is to target insulin expression to non-islet cells. |
| 12038 | 9134049 | We have recently generated transgenic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice in which insulin gene expression was targeted to proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cells of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. |
| 12039 | 9134049 | We have shown that POMC-expressing IL pituitary cells secreted large amounts of mature insulin, similar to islet beta-cells. |
| 12040 | 9134049 | These features are highly advantageous in the transplantation setting and demonstrate the considerable potential of these non-islet cell types for insulin-gene delivery in IDDM. |
| 12041 | 9134049 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs as a consequence of autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 12042 | 9134049 | Although progress has been made in the field of islet transplantation, an appealing alternative strategy for beta-cell replacement therapy for IDDM is to target insulin expression to non-islet cells. |
| 12043 | 9134049 | We have recently generated transgenic nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice in which insulin gene expression was targeted to proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing cells of the intermediate lobe (IL) of the pituitary. |
| 12044 | 9134049 | We have shown that POMC-expressing IL pituitary cells secreted large amounts of mature insulin, similar to islet beta-cells. |
| 12045 | 9134049 | These features are highly advantageous in the transplantation setting and demonstrate the considerable potential of these non-islet cell types for insulin-gene delivery in IDDM. |
| 12046 | 9134382 | In an attempt to clarify the possible connection between diabetes mellitus and ageing, we investigated the relationship between RBC ATP content, Na+/K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase activities and ageing in healthy, insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) subjects. |
| 12047 | 9135572 | In vitro response to interleukin-1 beta and streptozotocin in pancreatic islets isolated from male and female nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 12048 | 9135572 | The aim of the present study was to examine if the islet donor gender influences the beta-cell sensitivity to possible mediators of beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12049 | 9135572 | We have currently addressed this issue by comparing the action of the cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and the alkylating agent streptozotocin (STZ), on isolated pancreatic islets derived from prediabetic female and male nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 12050 | 9135572 | After IL-1 beta addition male and female islets had a similar inhibition of insulin secretion following stimulation by glucose. |
| 12051 | 9137938 | Clinical and experimental studies have delineated a link between dietary cow milk protein and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was proposed as one candidate mediator of this effect. |
| 12052 | 9139249 | After applying exclusion criteria data of 933 diabetic patients [129 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 804 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) patients; 424 men, 509 women] were analysed. |
| 12053 | 9139249 | Abnormal urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was more often found in men than in women (IDDM men 41.3%, IDDM women 28.8%; NIDDM men 38.0%, NIDDM women 30.0%). |
| 12054 | 9139249 | After applying exclusion criteria data of 933 diabetic patients [129 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 804 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) patients; 424 men, 509 women] were analysed. |
| 12055 | 9139249 | Abnormal urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was more often found in men than in women (IDDM men 41.3%, IDDM women 28.8%; NIDDM men 38.0%, NIDDM women 30.0%). |
| 12056 | 9140984 | An elevation of Na+/H+ antiporter activity has consistently been associated with diabetic renal disease both in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, making this cell membrane exchanger system an ideal intermediate phenotype for the study of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 12057 | 9143783 | To determine the effects of an acute oral dose of glibenclamide on blood pressure (BP), basal forearm vascular resistance (FVR) and FVR responses to the K+ATP channel activating vasodilator diazoxide, a placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over study was performed in eight male volunteers with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 12058 | 9144399 | Low-angle synchrotron X-ray diffraction has revealed clear and consistent changes in the molecular structure of alpha-keratin of hair in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) both for human IDDM subjects and for baboons with streptozocin induced diabetes. |
| 12059 | 9144439 | In the Caucasian population, it has been demonstrated that the insulin gene (INS) region contains the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus locus (IDDM2). |
| 12060 | 9144439 | We conducted an association study of IDDM in a large number of Japanese subjects with multiple polymorphisms in INS region. |
| 12061 | 9144439 | We found a significant association of the INS region with IDDM. |
| 12062 | 9144439 | Alleles positively associated with IDDM in INS region were the same as those positively-associated with IDDM in Caucasian population, although positively-associated alleles are very common (allele frequencies > 0.9) in the Japanese general population. |
| 12063 | 9144439 | In the Caucasian population, it has been demonstrated that the insulin gene (INS) region contains the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus locus (IDDM2). |
| 12064 | 9144439 | We conducted an association study of IDDM in a large number of Japanese subjects with multiple polymorphisms in INS region. |
| 12065 | 9144439 | We found a significant association of the INS region with IDDM. |
| 12066 | 9144439 | Alleles positively associated with IDDM in INS region were the same as those positively-associated with IDDM in Caucasian population, although positively-associated alleles are very common (allele frequencies > 0.9) in the Japanese general population. |
| 12067 | 9144439 | In the Caucasian population, it has been demonstrated that the insulin gene (INS) region contains the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus locus (IDDM2). |
| 12068 | 9144439 | We conducted an association study of IDDM in a large number of Japanese subjects with multiple polymorphisms in INS region. |
| 12069 | 9144439 | We found a significant association of the INS region with IDDM. |
| 12070 | 9144439 | Alleles positively associated with IDDM in INS region were the same as those positively-associated with IDDM in Caucasian population, although positively-associated alleles are very common (allele frequencies > 0.9) in the Japanese general population. |
| 12071 | 9144439 | In the Caucasian population, it has been demonstrated that the insulin gene (INS) region contains the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus locus (IDDM2). |
| 12072 | 9144439 | We conducted an association study of IDDM in a large number of Japanese subjects with multiple polymorphisms in INS region. |
| 12073 | 9144439 | We found a significant association of the INS region with IDDM. |
| 12074 | 9144439 | Alleles positively associated with IDDM in INS region were the same as those positively-associated with IDDM in Caucasian population, although positively-associated alleles are very common (allele frequencies > 0.9) in the Japanese general population. |
| 12075 | 9144560 | The mRNA of GLUT2 and glucokinase (GK) were not detected in these cells by Northern blotting. |
| 12076 | 9144560 | It is assumed that hepatic cells have metabolic "glucose sensor", and insulin gene transduction to hepatic cells can be a physiological way of gene therapy for IDDM. |
| 12077 | 9145293 | In an IDDM model mouse which was inoculated with a diabetogenic variant, DK-27, of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus, the relation between a stable glycated hemoglobin A1C (St-HbA1C) level and plasma glucose level (PGL) in the progress of diabetes was studied. |
| 12078 | 9145293 | To examine the reflection of St-HbA1C levels to delicately varied PGLs, we also estimated both values in IDDM mice which were treated with insulin at a minimal effective dose once a day for 4 weeks. |
| 12079 | 9145293 | The St-HbA1C levels in insulin-injected IDDM mice were significantly lower than those in control IDDM mice. |
| 12080 | 9145293 | In an IDDM model mouse which was inoculated with a diabetogenic variant, DK-27, of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus, the relation between a stable glycated hemoglobin A1C (St-HbA1C) level and plasma glucose level (PGL) in the progress of diabetes was studied. |
| 12081 | 9145293 | To examine the reflection of St-HbA1C levels to delicately varied PGLs, we also estimated both values in IDDM mice which were treated with insulin at a minimal effective dose once a day for 4 weeks. |
| 12082 | 9145293 | The St-HbA1C levels in insulin-injected IDDM mice were significantly lower than those in control IDDM mice. |
| 12083 | 9145293 | In an IDDM model mouse which was inoculated with a diabetogenic variant, DK-27, of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus, the relation between a stable glycated hemoglobin A1C (St-HbA1C) level and plasma glucose level (PGL) in the progress of diabetes was studied. |
| 12084 | 9145293 | To examine the reflection of St-HbA1C levels to delicately varied PGLs, we also estimated both values in IDDM mice which were treated with insulin at a minimal effective dose once a day for 4 weeks. |
| 12085 | 9145293 | The St-HbA1C levels in insulin-injected IDDM mice were significantly lower than those in control IDDM mice. |
| 12086 | 9146484 | Various electrophysiological tests have been employed to reveal functional abnormalities at different levels of the visual system in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12087 | 9148381 | Diabetic nephropathy occurs in approximately one third of individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), recent studies suggest that a similar proportion of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients develop this serious complication as well. |
| 12088 | 9148785 | The autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65) is believed to be an important target antigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since an age-related spontaneous breakdown in tolerance is observed, and cell-mediated and autoantibody immune responses have been reported in humans and NOD mice. |
| 12089 | 9148785 | The identification of the whole spectrum of GAD 65 Ag7 epitopes should further the investigation of the role of this autoantigen in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 12090 | 9148785 | The autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65) is believed to be an important target antigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), since an age-related spontaneous breakdown in tolerance is observed, and cell-mediated and autoantibody immune responses have been reported in humans and NOD mice. |
| 12091 | 9148785 | The identification of the whole spectrum of GAD 65 Ag7 epitopes should further the investigation of the role of this autoantigen in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 12092 | 9151237 | The hypoglycemic effect of To-Kai-San (TS) was studied in normal mice, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, one of the animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with hypoinsulinemia, and KK-Ay mice, one of the animal models of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with hyperinsulinemia. |
| 12093 | 9151794 | To determine the mechanism of impaired insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen metabolism in patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we used 13C-NMR spectroscopy to monitor the peak intensity of the C1 resonance of the glucosyl units in muscle glycogen during a 6-h hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp using [1-(13)C]glucose-enriched infusate followed by nonenriched glucose. |
| 12094 | 9151794 | Under similar steady state (t = 3-6 h) plasma glucose (approximately 9.0 mM) and insulin concentrations (approximately 400 pM), nonoxidative glucose metabolism was significantly less in the IDDM subjects compared with age-weight-matched control subjects (37+/-6 vs. 73+/-11 micromol/kg of body wt per minute, P < 0.05), which could be attributed to an approximately 45% reduction in the net rate of muscle glycogen synthesis in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (108+/-16 vs. 195+/-6 micromol/liter of muscle per minute, P < 0.001). |
| 12095 | 9151794 | Basal G-6-P concentration was similar between the two groups (approximately 0.10 mmol/kg of muscle) but the increment in G-6-P concentration in response to the glucose-insulin infusion was approximately 50% less in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (0.07+/-0.02 vs. 0.13+/-0.02 mmol/kg of muscle, P < 0.05). |
| 12096 | 9151794 | To determine the mechanism of impaired insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen metabolism in patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we used 13C-NMR spectroscopy to monitor the peak intensity of the C1 resonance of the glucosyl units in muscle glycogen during a 6-h hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp using [1-(13)C]glucose-enriched infusate followed by nonenriched glucose. |
| 12097 | 9151794 | Under similar steady state (t = 3-6 h) plasma glucose (approximately 9.0 mM) and insulin concentrations (approximately 400 pM), nonoxidative glucose metabolism was significantly less in the IDDM subjects compared with age-weight-matched control subjects (37+/-6 vs. 73+/-11 micromol/kg of body wt per minute, P < 0.05), which could be attributed to an approximately 45% reduction in the net rate of muscle glycogen synthesis in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (108+/-16 vs. 195+/-6 micromol/liter of muscle per minute, P < 0.001). |
| 12098 | 9151794 | Basal G-6-P concentration was similar between the two groups (approximately 0.10 mmol/kg of muscle) but the increment in G-6-P concentration in response to the glucose-insulin infusion was approximately 50% less in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (0.07+/-0.02 vs. 0.13+/-0.02 mmol/kg of muscle, P < 0.05). |
| 12099 | 9151794 | To determine the mechanism of impaired insulin-stimulated muscle glycogen metabolism in patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we used 13C-NMR spectroscopy to monitor the peak intensity of the C1 resonance of the glucosyl units in muscle glycogen during a 6-h hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp using [1-(13)C]glucose-enriched infusate followed by nonenriched glucose. |
| 12100 | 9151794 | Under similar steady state (t = 3-6 h) plasma glucose (approximately 9.0 mM) and insulin concentrations (approximately 400 pM), nonoxidative glucose metabolism was significantly less in the IDDM subjects compared with age-weight-matched control subjects (37+/-6 vs. 73+/-11 micromol/kg of body wt per minute, P < 0.05), which could be attributed to an approximately 45% reduction in the net rate of muscle glycogen synthesis in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (108+/-16 vs. 195+/-6 micromol/liter of muscle per minute, P < 0.001). |
| 12101 | 9151794 | Basal G-6-P concentration was similar between the two groups (approximately 0.10 mmol/kg of muscle) but the increment in G-6-P concentration in response to the glucose-insulin infusion was approximately 50% less in the IDDM subjects compared with the control subjects (0.07+/-0.02 vs. 0.13+/-0.02 mmol/kg of muscle, P < 0.05). |
| 12102 | 9151895 | Repeated injections of adult mice with recombinant murine TNF prolong the survival of NZB/W F1 mice, and suppress type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 12103 | 9151895 | Furthermore, T cell responses of HNT-TCR transgenic mice also expressing the human TNF-globin transgene were markedly reduced compared to HNT-TCR single transgenic littermates, indicating that sustained p55 TNF-R signaling is sufficient to suppress T cell function in vivo. |
| 12104 | 9152611 | We examined at autopsy 47 cases (22 males and 25 females) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from 21 hospitals in Japan to clarify the pathological changes that occur in the pancreas vs. those in control patients. |
| 12105 | 9153283 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been defined as a major target antigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12106 | 9153283 | To identify the molecular ligands triggering a T cell response to GAD, a panel of human GAD65-specific T lymphocyte lines was generated from peripheral blood of three recent onset IDDM patients. |
| 12107 | 9153283 | Our data reveal that (a) the T cell response to GAD65 is quite heterogenous in recent onset IDDM patients; (b) HLA-DR, not DQ, seems to be the principal restriction element used by T cells present at the onset of the disease; and (c) T cells responding to epitopes containing identical sequences to Coxsackie virus P2-C protein were not detected. |
| 12108 | 9153283 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been defined as a major target antigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12109 | 9153283 | To identify the molecular ligands triggering a T cell response to GAD, a panel of human GAD65-specific T lymphocyte lines was generated from peripheral blood of three recent onset IDDM patients. |
| 12110 | 9153283 | Our data reveal that (a) the T cell response to GAD65 is quite heterogenous in recent onset IDDM patients; (b) HLA-DR, not DQ, seems to be the principal restriction element used by T cells present at the onset of the disease; and (c) T cells responding to epitopes containing identical sequences to Coxsackie virus P2-C protein were not detected. |
| 12111 | 9153283 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been defined as a major target antigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12112 | 9153283 | To identify the molecular ligands triggering a T cell response to GAD, a panel of human GAD65-specific T lymphocyte lines was generated from peripheral blood of three recent onset IDDM patients. |
| 12113 | 9153283 | Our data reveal that (a) the T cell response to GAD65 is quite heterogenous in recent onset IDDM patients; (b) HLA-DR, not DQ, seems to be the principal restriction element used by T cells present at the onset of the disease; and (c) T cells responding to epitopes containing identical sequences to Coxsackie virus P2-C protein were not detected. |
| 12114 | 9155419 | Type I or IDDM diabetics must take insulin in some form to maintain their life. |
| 12115 | 9157089 | An association in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects between susceptibility to retinopathy and tumor necrosis factor polymorphism. |
| 12116 | 9157089 | However, these associations are complicated by a primary association between the MHC and IDDM. |
| 12117 | 9160818 | To assess the relationship between apolipoprotein H (apo H) plasma levels and lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus, we have examined the correlation between apo H plasma concentration and the main plasma lipid levels in 127 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and 118 insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 12118 | 9160818 | The correlation between apo H and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in diabetics (P = .03) highlights the importance of glycemic control for plasma levels of this apoprotein, which is highly glycated. |
| 12119 | 9162357 | Diabetic nephropathy affects a subset of about 40% patients with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM); it also develops in a less defined percentage (30-50%) of patients with non Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), after a period of 15-20 years. |
| 12120 | 9162605 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and albuminuria are at high risk for severe micro- and macrovascular complications. |
| 12121 | 9162605 | Diabetic vascular complications are characterized by structural alterations of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in glomeruli and large vessel walls, namely, accumulation of collagen IV, collagen VI and fibronectin and relative decrease of heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG). |
| 12122 | 9162605 | TGF-beta stimulates production of ECM components such as collagen IV, fibronectin, proteoglycans (decorin and biglycan) without increasing HSPG. |
| 12123 | 9162605 | TGF-beta antagonists, such as decorin, betaglycan, and possibly also heparin, might be potential candidates for future therapy to prevent diabetic vascular disease. |
| 12124 | 9165217 | To investigate whether a polymorphism in the Na/K ATPase genes could explain the predisposition of some patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to develop polyneuropathy, a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the ATP1 A1 gene was studied together with erythrocyte Na/K ATPase activity in 81 Caucasian patients with more than 10 years' duration of IDDM. |
| 12125 | 9165222 | Increased triglyceride accumulation has been observed in the diabetic heart, but it is not known whether the abnormalities in myocardial fatty acid metabolism differ between insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients or whether they are present even prior to overt diabetes. |
| 12126 | 9165226 | Platelets of recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients have been shown to be activated independent of metabolic control. |
| 12127 | 9165226 | This study evaluates the levels of circulating activated platelets exposing adhesion molecules in healthy subjects at increased risk of IDDM (surface markers were: P-selectin (CD62), thrombospondin, lysosomal GP53 (CD63). |
| 12128 | 9165226 | Platelet CD62 as well as thrombospondin and CD63 expression were determined by flow cytometry. |
| 12129 | 9165226 | Platelets of recent-onset insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients have been shown to be activated independent of metabolic control. |
| 12130 | 9165226 | This study evaluates the levels of circulating activated platelets exposing adhesion molecules in healthy subjects at increased risk of IDDM (surface markers were: P-selectin (CD62), thrombospondin, lysosomal GP53 (CD63). |
| 12131 | 9165226 | Platelet CD62 as well as thrombospondin and CD63 expression were determined by flow cytometry. |
| 12132 | 9165225 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of a T-cell mediated autoimmune beta-cell destruction, which is accompanied by autoantibodies. |
| 12133 | 9165225 | We analysed the cellular and humoral immune response to insulin and insulin peptides in patients with recent-onset IDDM, IDDM patients treated with insulin, non-diabetic first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects. |
| 12134 | 9165225 | There were no differences in T-cell reactivity to whole insulin or insulin peptides in general between age-matched groups of IDDM patients, relatives or healthy control subjects. |
| 12135 | 9165225 | Interestingly, insulin-treated patients differed from age-matched recent-onset IDDM patients: first, simultaneous immune recognition of insulin with T-cells and IAA was only seen in patients treated for 6 months with insulin; second, insulin-treated patients rarely responded to whole insulin; third, they displayed less determinant spreading, and finally, recognition of multiple insulin peptides was not accompanied by crossreactivity to whole insulin. |
| 12136 | 9165225 | These distinct observations in insulin-treated IDDM patients, together with the inverse correlation between humoral and cellular responses to insulin, may result from activation or modulation of different T-cell subsets, and may be of relevance to insulin therapy trials, in which selective activation of non-destructive T-cell subsets may be a key to successful intervention. |
| 12137 | 9165225 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of a T-cell mediated autoimmune beta-cell destruction, which is accompanied by autoantibodies. |
| 12138 | 9165225 | We analysed the cellular and humoral immune response to insulin and insulin peptides in patients with recent-onset IDDM, IDDM patients treated with insulin, non-diabetic first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects. |
| 12139 | 9165225 | There were no differences in T-cell reactivity to whole insulin or insulin peptides in general between age-matched groups of IDDM patients, relatives or healthy control subjects. |
| 12140 | 9165225 | Interestingly, insulin-treated patients differed from age-matched recent-onset IDDM patients: first, simultaneous immune recognition of insulin with T-cells and IAA was only seen in patients treated for 6 months with insulin; second, insulin-treated patients rarely responded to whole insulin; third, they displayed less determinant spreading, and finally, recognition of multiple insulin peptides was not accompanied by crossreactivity to whole insulin. |
| 12141 | 9165225 | These distinct observations in insulin-treated IDDM patients, together with the inverse correlation between humoral and cellular responses to insulin, may result from activation or modulation of different T-cell subsets, and may be of relevance to insulin therapy trials, in which selective activation of non-destructive T-cell subsets may be a key to successful intervention. |
| 12142 | 9165225 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of a T-cell mediated autoimmune beta-cell destruction, which is accompanied by autoantibodies. |
| 12143 | 9165225 | We analysed the cellular and humoral immune response to insulin and insulin peptides in patients with recent-onset IDDM, IDDM patients treated with insulin, non-diabetic first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects. |
| 12144 | 9165225 | There were no differences in T-cell reactivity to whole insulin or insulin peptides in general between age-matched groups of IDDM patients, relatives or healthy control subjects. |
| 12145 | 9165225 | Interestingly, insulin-treated patients differed from age-matched recent-onset IDDM patients: first, simultaneous immune recognition of insulin with T-cells and IAA was only seen in patients treated for 6 months with insulin; second, insulin-treated patients rarely responded to whole insulin; third, they displayed less determinant spreading, and finally, recognition of multiple insulin peptides was not accompanied by crossreactivity to whole insulin. |
| 12146 | 9165225 | These distinct observations in insulin-treated IDDM patients, together with the inverse correlation between humoral and cellular responses to insulin, may result from activation or modulation of different T-cell subsets, and may be of relevance to insulin therapy trials, in which selective activation of non-destructive T-cell subsets may be a key to successful intervention. |
| 12147 | 9165225 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of a T-cell mediated autoimmune beta-cell destruction, which is accompanied by autoantibodies. |
| 12148 | 9165225 | We analysed the cellular and humoral immune response to insulin and insulin peptides in patients with recent-onset IDDM, IDDM patients treated with insulin, non-diabetic first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects. |
| 12149 | 9165225 | There were no differences in T-cell reactivity to whole insulin or insulin peptides in general between age-matched groups of IDDM patients, relatives or healthy control subjects. |
| 12150 | 9165225 | Interestingly, insulin-treated patients differed from age-matched recent-onset IDDM patients: first, simultaneous immune recognition of insulin with T-cells and IAA was only seen in patients treated for 6 months with insulin; second, insulin-treated patients rarely responded to whole insulin; third, they displayed less determinant spreading, and finally, recognition of multiple insulin peptides was not accompanied by crossreactivity to whole insulin. |
| 12151 | 9165225 | These distinct observations in insulin-treated IDDM patients, together with the inverse correlation between humoral and cellular responses to insulin, may result from activation or modulation of different T-cell subsets, and may be of relevance to insulin therapy trials, in which selective activation of non-destructive T-cell subsets may be a key to successful intervention. |
| 12152 | 9165225 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the result of a T-cell mediated autoimmune beta-cell destruction, which is accompanied by autoantibodies. |
| 12153 | 9165225 | We analysed the cellular and humoral immune response to insulin and insulin peptides in patients with recent-onset IDDM, IDDM patients treated with insulin, non-diabetic first degree relatives and unrelated control subjects. |
| 12154 | 9165225 | There were no differences in T-cell reactivity to whole insulin or insulin peptides in general between age-matched groups of IDDM patients, relatives or healthy control subjects. |
| 12155 | 9165225 | Interestingly, insulin-treated patients differed from age-matched recent-onset IDDM patients: first, simultaneous immune recognition of insulin with T-cells and IAA was only seen in patients treated for 6 months with insulin; second, insulin-treated patients rarely responded to whole insulin; third, they displayed less determinant spreading, and finally, recognition of multiple insulin peptides was not accompanied by crossreactivity to whole insulin. |
| 12156 | 9165225 | These distinct observations in insulin-treated IDDM patients, together with the inverse correlation between humoral and cellular responses to insulin, may result from activation or modulation of different T-cell subsets, and may be of relevance to insulin therapy trials, in which selective activation of non-destructive T-cell subsets may be a key to successful intervention. |
| 12157 | 9166231 | Recently, 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) antibodies (GADA) have been introduced as autoimmune markers in blood to confirm the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12158 | 9166662 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of IDDM, but it is not clear which form, IL-1alpha or IL-1beta, is predominantly implicated. |
| 12159 | 9166662 | Our results show that IL-1beta is a critical effector molecule in this model of IDDM and that its specific inhibition could be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. |
| 12160 | 9166662 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of IDDM, but it is not clear which form, IL-1alpha or IL-1beta, is predominantly implicated. |
| 12161 | 9166662 | Our results show that IL-1beta is a critical effector molecule in this model of IDDM and that its specific inhibition could be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. |
| 12162 | 9166678 | Modulatory effect of erythrocytes on the platelet reactivity to collagen in IDDM patients. |
| 12163 | 9174152 | HLA-DQB1*0304-DRB1*0408 haplotype associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in populations in the eastern Baltic region. |
| 12164 | 9174152 | The rare HLA-DQB1*0304 allele was found increased among IDDM patients in the populations of the eastern Baltic region. |
| 12165 | 9174152 | HLA-DQB1*0304 in these populations was associated with DRB1*0408, and the haplotype was further characterized by a B35 allele and a typical combination of microsatellite markers from the TNF gene region. |
| 12166 | 9174153 | Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 are not associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or Graves' disease. |
| 12167 | 9174153 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Graves' disease (GD) are autoimmune endocrinopathies and associated with distinct HLA-DR and -DQ alleles as well as several tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta (TNF-beta) alleles. |
| 12168 | 9174153 | TNF-alpha and TNF-beta interact with TNF receptor (TNF-R), of which two subtypes have been described: TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. |
| 12169 | 9174153 | We investigated TNF-R2 alleles in 90 patients with IDDM, 101 with GD and 70 healthy controls. |
| 12170 | 9174153 | In conclusion, the studied polymorphism of TNF-R2 was associated with neither IDDM nor GD in a German population. |
| 12171 | 9174153 | Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 are not associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or Graves' disease. |
| 12172 | 9174153 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Graves' disease (GD) are autoimmune endocrinopathies and associated with distinct HLA-DR and -DQ alleles as well as several tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta (TNF-beta) alleles. |
| 12173 | 9174153 | TNF-alpha and TNF-beta interact with TNF receptor (TNF-R), of which two subtypes have been described: TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. |
| 12174 | 9174153 | We investigated TNF-R2 alleles in 90 patients with IDDM, 101 with GD and 70 healthy controls. |
| 12175 | 9174153 | In conclusion, the studied polymorphism of TNF-R2 was associated with neither IDDM nor GD in a German population. |
| 12176 | 9174153 | Polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 are not associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or Graves' disease. |
| 12177 | 9174153 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Graves' disease (GD) are autoimmune endocrinopathies and associated with distinct HLA-DR and -DQ alleles as well as several tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta (TNF-beta) alleles. |
| 12178 | 9174153 | TNF-alpha and TNF-beta interact with TNF receptor (TNF-R), of which two subtypes have been described: TNF-R1 and TNF-R2. |
| 12179 | 9174153 | We investigated TNF-R2 alleles in 90 patients with IDDM, 101 with GD and 70 healthy controls. |
| 12180 | 9174153 | In conclusion, the studied polymorphism of TNF-R2 was associated with neither IDDM nor GD in a German population. |
| 12181 | 9174901 | The associations among autonomic neuropathy, urinary albumin excretion, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured with 51Cr-EDTA and iohexol clearance were studied in 41 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12182 | 9174901 | The study showed that increased urinary albumin excretion was more common in NIDDM than in IDDM. |
| 12183 | 9174901 | The associations among autonomic neuropathy, urinary albumin excretion, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured with 51Cr-EDTA and iohexol clearance were studied in 41 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12184 | 9174901 | The study showed that increased urinary albumin excretion was more common in NIDDM than in IDDM. |
| 12185 | 9174900 | One hundred patients, 44 insulin-dependent (IDDM) and 56 non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM), were investigated, using five standard tests. |
| 12186 | 9175238 | Hereby the clinical, as well as laboratory investigation (urinary and serum nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, glucometabolic parameters, endothelial and in vivo platelet activation markers, etc.) of 35 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and 15 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) patients are given. |
| 12187 | 9175238 | An inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented in NIDDM, this correlation was much stronger in IDDM. |
| 12188 | 9175238 | Moreover, in IDDM patients reduced nitrate/nitrite excretion was strongly associated with elevated plasmatic beta-thromboglobulin levels. |
| 12189 | 9175238 | Hereby the clinical, as well as laboratory investigation (urinary and serum nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, glucometabolic parameters, endothelial and in vivo platelet activation markers, etc.) of 35 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and 15 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) patients are given. |
| 12190 | 9175238 | An inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented in NIDDM, this correlation was much stronger in IDDM. |
| 12191 | 9175238 | Moreover, in IDDM patients reduced nitrate/nitrite excretion was strongly associated with elevated plasmatic beta-thromboglobulin levels. |
| 12192 | 9175238 | Hereby the clinical, as well as laboratory investigation (urinary and serum nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, glucometabolic parameters, endothelial and in vivo platelet activation markers, etc.) of 35 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) and 15 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) patients are given. |
| 12193 | 9175238 | An inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented in NIDDM, this correlation was much stronger in IDDM. |
| 12194 | 9175238 | Moreover, in IDDM patients reduced nitrate/nitrite excretion was strongly associated with elevated plasmatic beta-thromboglobulin levels. |
| 12195 | 9176099 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes are important in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) both in the mouse and in man. |
| 12196 | 9176099 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, which is a good model for human IDDM, has a particular MHC class II with an A complex consisting of A alpha d and the unique A beta g7 chain, as well as an absent E molecule due to a deletion in the Ea promoter region. |
| 12197 | 9176099 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes are important in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) both in the mouse and in man. |
| 12198 | 9176099 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, which is a good model for human IDDM, has a particular MHC class II with an A complex consisting of A alpha d and the unique A beta g7 chain, as well as an absent E molecule due to a deletion in the Ea promoter region. |
| 12199 | 9176863 | In order to clarify a possible protective role of metallothionein (MT) in the development of streptozotocin (STZ)-caused insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and its mechanisms, we studied whether MT is effective for protection against STZ-caused IDDM by utilizing MT-null (isoforms MT-I and II) transgenic mice. |
| 12200 | 9177369 | Counterregulation and awareness of hypoglycemia begins at lower plasma glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects given intensive insulin treatment. |
| 12201 | 9177369 | To determine whether these changes are associated with an alteration in the susceptibility of the brain to mild hypoglycemia, we compared central nervous system responses to hypoglycemia in 8 intensively treated (hemoglobin A1, 8.3 +/- 0.2%; normal, <8%) and 11 conventionally treated IDDM patients (hemoglobin A1, 14.6 +/- 1.3%) with those in 10 healthy subjects. |
| 12202 | 9177369 | Counterregulation and awareness of hypoglycemia begins at lower plasma glucose levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects given intensive insulin treatment. |
| 12203 | 9177369 | To determine whether these changes are associated with an alteration in the susceptibility of the brain to mild hypoglycemia, we compared central nervous system responses to hypoglycemia in 8 intensively treated (hemoglobin A1, 8.3 +/- 0.2%; normal, <8%) and 11 conventionally treated IDDM patients (hemoglobin A1, 14.6 +/- 1.3%) with those in 10 healthy subjects. |
| 12204 | 9177400 | In contrast, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) showed reduced GHBP concentrations at 36-38 weeks. |
| 12205 | 9177400 | Although both NIDDM and IDDM pregnancies are at risk of fetal macrosomia, their GHBP concentrations are markedly divergent. |
| 12206 | 9177400 | This paradox and the roles of glucose and insulin in the regulation of GHBP during gestation warrant further investigation. |
| 12207 | 9177400 | In contrast, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) showed reduced GHBP concentrations at 36-38 weeks. |
| 12208 | 9177400 | Although both NIDDM and IDDM pregnancies are at risk of fetal macrosomia, their GHBP concentrations are markedly divergent. |
| 12209 | 9177400 | This paradox and the roles of glucose and insulin in the regulation of GHBP during gestation warrant further investigation. |
| 12210 | 9179468 | The majority of insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM) (78%) and non-insulin-dependent mellitus (NIDDM) patients (77%) were poorly controlled (HbA1 > 10.8% in IDDM, and > 9.7% in NIDDM, respectively). |
| 12211 | 9179468 | This points towards the fluctuations in blood glucose levels experienced by IDDM patients in a setting where insulin supply is unreliable. |
| 12212 | 9179468 | The majority of insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM) (78%) and non-insulin-dependent mellitus (NIDDM) patients (77%) were poorly controlled (HbA1 > 10.8% in IDDM, and > 9.7% in NIDDM, respectively). |
| 12213 | 9179468 | This points towards the fluctuations in blood glucose levels experienced by IDDM patients in a setting where insulin supply is unreliable. |
| 12214 | 9179526 | Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the consequence of a chronic cell-mediated immune attack upon the insulin-producing beta-cells. |
| 12215 | 9179526 | The most useful autoantibodies for prediabetes screening include islet cell autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies and IA-2 autoantibodies. |
| 12216 | 9179532 | Lisinopril, like other ACE inhibitors, lowers blood pressure and preserves renal function in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or IDDM) and early or overt nephropathy, without adversely affecting glycaemic control or lipid profiles. |
| 12217 | 9179532 | As shown by the EUCLID (EUrodiab Controlled trial of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes) trial, lisinopril is also renoprotective in normotensive patients with IDDM and microalbuminuria. |
| 12218 | 9179532 | Like other ACE inhibitors, lisinopril should thus be viewed as a first-line agent for reducing blood pressure and preventing or attenuating nephropathy in hypertensive diabetic patients with IDDM or NIDDM and microalbuminuria or overt renal disease. |
| 12219 | 9179532 | Lisinopril, like other ACE inhibitors, lowers blood pressure and preserves renal function in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or IDDM) and early or overt nephropathy, without adversely affecting glycaemic control or lipid profiles. |
| 12220 | 9179532 | As shown by the EUCLID (EUrodiab Controlled trial of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes) trial, lisinopril is also renoprotective in normotensive patients with IDDM and microalbuminuria. |
| 12221 | 9179532 | Like other ACE inhibitors, lisinopril should thus be viewed as a first-line agent for reducing blood pressure and preventing or attenuating nephropathy in hypertensive diabetic patients with IDDM or NIDDM and microalbuminuria or overt renal disease. |
| 12222 | 9179532 | Lisinopril, like other ACE inhibitors, lowers blood pressure and preserves renal function in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or IDDM) and early or overt nephropathy, without adversely affecting glycaemic control or lipid profiles. |
| 12223 | 9179532 | As shown by the EUCLID (EUrodiab Controlled trial of Lisinopril in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes) trial, lisinopril is also renoprotective in normotensive patients with IDDM and microalbuminuria. |
| 12224 | 9179532 | Like other ACE inhibitors, lisinopril should thus be viewed as a first-line agent for reducing blood pressure and preventing or attenuating nephropathy in hypertensive diabetic patients with IDDM or NIDDM and microalbuminuria or overt renal disease. |
| 12225 | 9179756 | Enteroviruses may be linked to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12226 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 12227 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 12228 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 12229 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 12230 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 12231 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 12232 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 12233 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 12234 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 12235 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 12236 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 12237 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 12238 | 9185878 | High T cell responses to the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) isoform 67 reflect a hyperimmune state that precedes the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 12239 | 9185878 | Pancreatic islet beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune T cell-mediated process. |
| 12240 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cells, which proliferate to islet antigens such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), (pro)insulin or tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, can be detected in at-risk, first degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 12241 | 9185878 | Peripheral blood T cell responses to a GAD67(aa208-404)-glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein, GST, insulin and tetanus toxoid were measured, together with antibodies to islet cells, GAD, insulin and IA-2. |
| 12242 | 9185878 | High levels of antibodies to GAD or insulin were generally associated with low T cell responses to these antigens. |
| 12243 | 9185878 | Relatives who developed IDDM were characterized by high levels of antibodies to insulin and/or islet cells, and high T cell responses to GAD67-GST and tetanus, but not insulin, in the 24 months before clinical diagnosis. |
| 12244 | 9186302 | In a prospective clinical trial of young insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria, kidney biopsies were taken at baseline and after 24 to 36 months. |
| 12245 | 9186309 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inappropriate growth hormone (GH) responses to several stimuli, including GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), have been described. |
| 12246 | 9186309 | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a differential effect of IDDM on GHRP-6- and GHRH-induced GH secretion. |
| 12247 | 9186309 | In summary, the effectiveness of GHRP-6 in IDDM could reinforce the evidence that this peptide probably does not release GH through a decrease in hypothalamic somatostatin secretion. |
| 12248 | 9186309 | Moreover, our data suggest that both GHRH and GHRP-6 releasing mechanisms are unaltered in IDDM. |
| 12249 | 9186309 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inappropriate growth hormone (GH) responses to several stimuli, including GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), have been described. |
| 12250 | 9186309 | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a differential effect of IDDM on GHRP-6- and GHRH-induced GH secretion. |
| 12251 | 9186309 | In summary, the effectiveness of GHRP-6 in IDDM could reinforce the evidence that this peptide probably does not release GH through a decrease in hypothalamic somatostatin secretion. |
| 12252 | 9186309 | Moreover, our data suggest that both GHRH and GHRP-6 releasing mechanisms are unaltered in IDDM. |
| 12253 | 9186309 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inappropriate growth hormone (GH) responses to several stimuli, including GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), have been described. |
| 12254 | 9186309 | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a differential effect of IDDM on GHRP-6- and GHRH-induced GH secretion. |
| 12255 | 9186309 | In summary, the effectiveness of GHRP-6 in IDDM could reinforce the evidence that this peptide probably does not release GH through a decrease in hypothalamic somatostatin secretion. |
| 12256 | 9186309 | Moreover, our data suggest that both GHRH and GHRP-6 releasing mechanisms are unaltered in IDDM. |
| 12257 | 9186309 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inappropriate growth hormone (GH) responses to several stimuli, including GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), have been described. |
| 12258 | 9186309 | The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a differential effect of IDDM on GHRP-6- and GHRH-induced GH secretion. |
| 12259 | 9186309 | In summary, the effectiveness of GHRP-6 in IDDM could reinforce the evidence that this peptide probably does not release GH through a decrease in hypothalamic somatostatin secretion. |
| 12260 | 9186309 | Moreover, our data suggest that both GHRH and GHRP-6 releasing mechanisms are unaltered in IDDM. |
| 12261 | 9186888 | The results show that: (1) the hyperglycemia of IDDM in rats causes a significant elevation in the basal levels of [Ca2+]i of the renal proximal tubular cells and down-regulation of their mRNA of PTH-PTHrP, V1a and AT1 receptors; (2) normalization of the [Ca2+]i of these cells by treatment of the diabetic rats with amlodipine prevented the elevation of [Ca2+]i and the down-regulation of the mRNA of these receptors; (3) these effects occurred in the presence of normal renal function and normal blood of PTH and phosphorus. |
| 12262 | 9190730 | The aim of this follow-up study was to assess whether slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion, i.e., microalbuminuria, precedes development of atherosclerotic vascular disease in IDDM. |
| 12263 | 9190730 | The predictive effect was independent of age, sex, blood pressure, tobacco smoking, serum concentrations of total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, sialic acid, and von Willebrand factor, and of haemoglobin A1c, insulin dose, diabetes duration, and diabetic nephropathy (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.04 (1.01-1.08) per 5 mg/24 hours increase in urinary albumin excretion; p = 0.03). |
| 12264 | 9190730 | It is concluded that slightly elevated urinary albumin excretion is an independent predictor of atherosclerotic vascular disease in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12265 | 9191562 | To establish reference ranges for use in clinical and epidemiological studies, we determined concentrations of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene in 450 Spanish control subjects and 123 Spanish patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12266 | 9196329 | The genome screen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) reported in 1994 was the first in a human polygenic disease. |
| 12267 | 9196603 | The relationship between overnight GH levels and insulin concentrations in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the impact of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I). |
| 12268 | 9196849 | Various wheat and soy protein sources, including the soy protein isolates used to make infant formulas, have been related to juvenile or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a common chronic disease of childhood. |
| 12269 | 9199707 | The main goal of this study was to determine and characterise the types of mutations in two monogenic human disorders: cystic fibrosis (CF) and Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD, BMD) and the susceptibility allele frequency in a polygenic disease: type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12270 | 9199707 | Thirty-six % of 50 patients with IDDM possessed four, 44% three and 20% two susceptibility markers in the HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 region. |
| 12271 | 9199707 | The main goal of this study was to determine and characterise the types of mutations in two monogenic human disorders: cystic fibrosis (CF) and Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD, BMD) and the susceptibility allele frequency in a polygenic disease: type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12272 | 9199707 | Thirty-six % of 50 patients with IDDM possessed four, 44% three and 20% two susceptibility markers in the HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 region. |
| 12273 | 9200026 | Considerable differences in antibody responses measured by capture-IgM RIA and neutralization tests (NT) were seen in children with newly diagnosed type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) when five different strains of Coxsackie B4 virus (CBV-4) were used. |
| 12274 | 9200647 | Coisogenic diabetes-resistant (DR) BB/Wor rats do not develop diabetes spontaneously, but IDDM can readily be induced by treatment with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and depletion of RT6+ T-cells. |
| 12275 | 9201600 | Skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without albuminuria. |
| 12276 | 9201600 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), albuminuria reflects widespread vascular dysfunction. |
| 12277 | 9201600 | Our hypothesis is that loss of HSPG in vascular walls reduces the HSPG-bound lipoprotein-lipase activity (LPLA), thereby causing elevated levels of plasma triglyceride (TG) seen in IDDM patients with albuminuria. |
| 12278 | 9201600 | This is a cross-sectional study including ten healthy control subjects (group C), nine patients with IDDM and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) of 30 mg/24 h or less (group D0) and 20 patients with IDDM and AER greater than 30 mg/24 h (group DA). |
| 12279 | 9201600 | We conclude that, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity is associated with plasma triglyceride, while an association between lipoprotein-lipase activity and urinary albumin excretion is questionable. |
| 12280 | 9201600 | Skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without albuminuria. |
| 12281 | 9201600 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), albuminuria reflects widespread vascular dysfunction. |
| 12282 | 9201600 | Our hypothesis is that loss of HSPG in vascular walls reduces the HSPG-bound lipoprotein-lipase activity (LPLA), thereby causing elevated levels of plasma triglyceride (TG) seen in IDDM patients with albuminuria. |
| 12283 | 9201600 | This is a cross-sectional study including ten healthy control subjects (group C), nine patients with IDDM and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) of 30 mg/24 h or less (group D0) and 20 patients with IDDM and AER greater than 30 mg/24 h (group DA). |
| 12284 | 9201600 | We conclude that, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity is associated with plasma triglyceride, while an association between lipoprotein-lipase activity and urinary albumin excretion is questionable. |
| 12285 | 9201600 | Skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without albuminuria. |
| 12286 | 9201600 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), albuminuria reflects widespread vascular dysfunction. |
| 12287 | 9201600 | Our hypothesis is that loss of HSPG in vascular walls reduces the HSPG-bound lipoprotein-lipase activity (LPLA), thereby causing elevated levels of plasma triglyceride (TG) seen in IDDM patients with albuminuria. |
| 12288 | 9201600 | This is a cross-sectional study including ten healthy control subjects (group C), nine patients with IDDM and urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) of 30 mg/24 h or less (group D0) and 20 patients with IDDM and AER greater than 30 mg/24 h (group DA). |
| 12289 | 9201600 | We conclude that, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, skeletal muscle lipoprotein-lipase activity is associated with plasma triglyceride, while an association between lipoprotein-lipase activity and urinary albumin excretion is questionable. |
| 12290 | 9201602 | Do tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complexes relate to the complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus? |
| 12291 | 9201602 | The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship of tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPA-PAI-1) complexes and diabetic complications in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12292 | 9201602 | Higher levels of tPA-PAI-1 complexes were seen for both men and women with IDDM complications. |
| 12293 | 9201602 | Prospective follow-up will be required to determine if tPA-PAI-1 complexes are predictive of the development of IDDM complications. |
| 12294 | 9201602 | Do tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complexes relate to the complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus? |
| 12295 | 9201602 | The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship of tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPA-PAI-1) complexes and diabetic complications in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12296 | 9201602 | Higher levels of tPA-PAI-1 complexes were seen for both men and women with IDDM complications. |
| 12297 | 9201602 | Prospective follow-up will be required to determine if tPA-PAI-1 complexes are predictive of the development of IDDM complications. |
| 12298 | 9201602 | Do tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complexes relate to the complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus? |
| 12299 | 9201602 | The purpose of this study was to examine the potential relationship of tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (tPA-PAI-1) complexes and diabetic complications in individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12300 | 9201602 | Higher levels of tPA-PAI-1 complexes were seen for both men and women with IDDM complications. |
| 12301 | 9201602 | Prospective follow-up will be required to determine if tPA-PAI-1 complexes are predictive of the development of IDDM complications. |
| 12302 | 9208924 | Autoantibodies to the islet-cell 65-kDa variant of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65) are found in most insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients many years before the appearance of clinical symptoms of the disease. |
| 12303 | 9209509 | Differential expression of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-associated HLA-DQA1 alleles in vivo. |
| 12304 | 9209509 | The strong association of HLA-DQ genes with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility is persuasive evidence of their central role in the etiology of this autoimmune disease. |
| 12305 | 9212314 | The incidence and prevalence of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in populations are both well defined. |
| 12306 | 9215310 | Aldose reductase gene expression is increased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with nephropathy. |
| 12307 | 9217288 | We have previously reported that weekly administration of the adenosine deaminase inhibitor, 2'-deoxycoformycin (dCF), reduces the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the BB Wistar rat, and this effect is likely due to immunosuppression by dCF. |
| 12308 | 9218748 | RIP-LCMV transgenic mice that express the viral glycoprotein (GP) or nucleoprotein (NP) from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) under control of the rat insulin promoter (RIP) in pancreatic beta-cells develop autoimmune diabetes (IDDM) after infection with LCMV. |
| 12309 | 9218748 | The present study shows that upregulation of MHC class II molecules associated with the attraction/activation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) to the islets occurs as soon as 2 days after LCMV inoculation of transgenic mice, clearly before CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes are found entering the islets (days 6 and 7 after LCMV inoculation). |
| 12310 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12311 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12312 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12313 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12314 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12315 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12316 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12317 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12318 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12319 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12320 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12321 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12322 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12323 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12324 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12325 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12326 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12327 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12328 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12329 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12330 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12331 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12332 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12333 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12334 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12335 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12336 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12337 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12338 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12339 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12340 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12341 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12342 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12343 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12344 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12345 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12346 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12347 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12348 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12349 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12350 | 9218750 | Comparison of IA-2 with IA-2beta and with six other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase family: recognition of antigenic determinants by IDDM sera. |
| 12351 | 9218750 | One of these, IA-2beta, was cloned, sequenced, and found to be related to IA-2, a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12352 | 9218750 | The intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2beta were 74 and 27% identical, respectively, to the intracellular and extracellular domains of IA-2. |
| 12353 | 9218750 | Approximately 70 and 45% of sera from patients with IDDM had autoantibodies that immunoprecipitated recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta, respectively. |
| 12354 | 9218750 | By use of deletion mutants, we were able to show that the autoantibodies reacted with the intracellular, and not the extracellular, domains of IA-2 and IA-2beta, and that the major antigenic determinants resided within the COOH-terminus of the intracellular domains. |
| 12355 | 9218750 | Further studies revealed that approximately 97% of the IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2beta also reacted with IA-2, whereas only 50% of IDDM sera that reacted with IA-2 also reacted with IA-2beta. |
| 12356 | 9218750 | In contrast to the reactivity of IDDM sera with the IA-2 and IA-2beta, IDDM sera did not react with six other members of the PTP family. |
| 12357 | 9218750 | It is concluded that many members of the PTP family are expressed in pancreatic islets, but thus far only IA-2 and IA-2beta appear to be recognized as autoantigens by IDDM sera. |
| 12358 | 9218752 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be an autoimmune disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-secreting beta-cells of the pancreas. |
| 12359 | 9218755 | As a result of failed induction of T cell tolerance to pancreatic B cells, non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice develop spontaneous autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12360 | 9218754 | BCG vaccination prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice after disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide. |
| 12361 | 9218754 | We have previously shown that immunotherapy with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or BCG is highly effective in the prevention of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in circumventing the rejection of syngeneic islet grafts in diabetic NOD mice. |
| 12362 | 9218754 | The comprehensive effect of BCG vaccination on cytokine production in Cy-treated mice was to increase IL-4 production and change the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio in both serum and supernatant of spleen cell cultures. |
| 12363 | 9218754 | We found that BCG-induced protection was associated with increased splenic CD4+CD45 RB(high) T cells. |
| 12364 | 9218754 | BCG vaccination prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice after disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide. |
| 12365 | 9218754 | We have previously shown that immunotherapy with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or BCG is highly effective in the prevention of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in circumventing the rejection of syngeneic islet grafts in diabetic NOD mice. |
| 12366 | 9218754 | The comprehensive effect of BCG vaccination on cytokine production in Cy-treated mice was to increase IL-4 production and change the IL-4/IFN-gamma ratio in both serum and supernatant of spleen cell cultures. |
| 12367 | 9218754 | We found that BCG-induced protection was associated with increased splenic CD4+CD45 RB(high) T cells. |
| 12368 | 9218758 | Molecular role of TGF-beta, secreted from a new type of CD4+ suppressor T cell, NY4.2, in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 12369 | 9218758 | A new type of CD4+ T cell clone (NY4.2) isolated from pancreatic islet-infiltrated lymphocytes of acutely diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice prevents the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice, as well as the recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in syngeneic islet-transplanted NOD mice. |
| 12370 | 9218758 | This investigation was initiated to determine the molecular role TGF-beta plays in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM by determining its effect on IL-2-induced signal transduction in Con A-activated NOD mouse splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12371 | 9218758 | Second, we determined whether TGF-beta inhibits the activation of Janus kinases (JAKs), as well as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins, involved in an IL-2-induced signalling pathway that normally leads to the proliferation of T cells. |
| 12372 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK3, STAT3 and STAT5 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12373 | 9218758 | Third, we examined whether TGF-beta inhibits the cooperation between STAT proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), especially extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). |
| 12374 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited the association of STAT3 and STAT5 with ERK2 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12375 | 9218758 | On the basis of these observations, we conclude that TGF-beta may interfere with signal transduction via inhibition of the IL-2-induced JAK/STAT pathway and inhibition of the association of STAT proteins with ERK2 in T cells from NOD splenocytes, resulting in the inhibition of IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation. |
| 12376 | 9218758 | TGF-beta-mediated suppression of T cell activation may be responsible for the prevention of effector T cell-mediated autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice by TGF-beta-producing CD4+ suppressor T cells. |
| 12377 | 9218758 | Molecular role of TGF-beta, secreted from a new type of CD4+ suppressor T cell, NY4.2, in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 12378 | 9218758 | A new type of CD4+ T cell clone (NY4.2) isolated from pancreatic islet-infiltrated lymphocytes of acutely diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice prevents the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice, as well as the recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in syngeneic islet-transplanted NOD mice. |
| 12379 | 9218758 | This investigation was initiated to determine the molecular role TGF-beta plays in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM by determining its effect on IL-2-induced signal transduction in Con A-activated NOD mouse splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12380 | 9218758 | Second, we determined whether TGF-beta inhibits the activation of Janus kinases (JAKs), as well as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins, involved in an IL-2-induced signalling pathway that normally leads to the proliferation of T cells. |
| 12381 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK3, STAT3 and STAT5 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12382 | 9218758 | Third, we examined whether TGF-beta inhibits the cooperation between STAT proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), especially extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). |
| 12383 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited the association of STAT3 and STAT5 with ERK2 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12384 | 9218758 | On the basis of these observations, we conclude that TGF-beta may interfere with signal transduction via inhibition of the IL-2-induced JAK/STAT pathway and inhibition of the association of STAT proteins with ERK2 in T cells from NOD splenocytes, resulting in the inhibition of IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation. |
| 12385 | 9218758 | TGF-beta-mediated suppression of T cell activation may be responsible for the prevention of effector T cell-mediated autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice by TGF-beta-producing CD4+ suppressor T cells. |
| 12386 | 9218758 | Molecular role of TGF-beta, secreted from a new type of CD4+ suppressor T cell, NY4.2, in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 12387 | 9218758 | A new type of CD4+ T cell clone (NY4.2) isolated from pancreatic islet-infiltrated lymphocytes of acutely diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice prevents the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice, as well as the recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in syngeneic islet-transplanted NOD mice. |
| 12388 | 9218758 | This investigation was initiated to determine the molecular role TGF-beta plays in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM by determining its effect on IL-2-induced signal transduction in Con A-activated NOD mouse splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12389 | 9218758 | Second, we determined whether TGF-beta inhibits the activation of Janus kinases (JAKs), as well as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins, involved in an IL-2-induced signalling pathway that normally leads to the proliferation of T cells. |
| 12390 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK3, STAT3 and STAT5 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12391 | 9218758 | Third, we examined whether TGF-beta inhibits the cooperation between STAT proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), especially extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). |
| 12392 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited the association of STAT3 and STAT5 with ERK2 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12393 | 9218758 | On the basis of these observations, we conclude that TGF-beta may interfere with signal transduction via inhibition of the IL-2-induced JAK/STAT pathway and inhibition of the association of STAT proteins with ERK2 in T cells from NOD splenocytes, resulting in the inhibition of IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation. |
| 12394 | 9218758 | TGF-beta-mediated suppression of T cell activation may be responsible for the prevention of effector T cell-mediated autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice by TGF-beta-producing CD4+ suppressor T cells. |
| 12395 | 9218758 | Molecular role of TGF-beta, secreted from a new type of CD4+ suppressor T cell, NY4.2, in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 12396 | 9218758 | A new type of CD4+ T cell clone (NY4.2) isolated from pancreatic islet-infiltrated lymphocytes of acutely diabetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice prevents the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice, as well as the recurrence of autoimmune diabetes in syngeneic islet-transplanted NOD mice. |
| 12397 | 9218758 | This investigation was initiated to determine the molecular role TGF-beta plays in the prevention of autoimmune IDDM by determining its effect on IL-2-induced signal transduction in Con A-activated NOD mouse splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12398 | 9218758 | Second, we determined whether TGF-beta inhibits the activation of Janus kinases (JAKs), as well as signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins, involved in an IL-2-induced signalling pathway that normally leads to the proliferation of T cells. |
| 12399 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1, JAK3, STAT3 and STAT5 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12400 | 9218758 | Third, we examined whether TGF-beta inhibits the cooperation between STAT proteins and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), especially extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2). |
| 12401 | 9218758 | We found that TGF-beta inhibited the association of STAT3 and STAT5 with ERK2 in Con A blasts from NOD splenocytes and HT-2 cells. |
| 12402 | 9218758 | On the basis of these observations, we conclude that TGF-beta may interfere with signal transduction via inhibition of the IL-2-induced JAK/STAT pathway and inhibition of the association of STAT proteins with ERK2 in T cells from NOD splenocytes, resulting in the inhibition of IL-2-dependent T cell proliferation. |
| 12403 | 9218758 | TGF-beta-mediated suppression of T cell activation may be responsible for the prevention of effector T cell-mediated autoimmune IDDM in NOD mice by TGF-beta-producing CD4+ suppressor T cells. |
| 12404 | 9219163 | Enhanced collagen synthesis in cultured skin fibroblasts from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with nephropathy. |
| 12405 | 9219163 | Kinetics of overall collagen metabolism and total protein synthesis were examined in serially passaged, subconfluent, quiescent skin fibroblasts cultured in either normal (5 mM) or high (25 mM) glucose concentrations from 14 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy; 14 IDDM patients without nephropathy matched for age, diabetes duration, and body mass index; and 14 healthy subjects. |
| 12406 | 9219163 | In the presence of normal glucose concentrations (5 mM), collagen synthesis was lower in all groups studied, but the differences between IDDM patients with nephropathy and those without remained unaltered. |
| 12407 | 9219163 | Enhanced collagen synthesis in cultured skin fibroblasts from insulin-dependent diabetic patients with nephropathy. |
| 12408 | 9219163 | Kinetics of overall collagen metabolism and total protein synthesis were examined in serially passaged, subconfluent, quiescent skin fibroblasts cultured in either normal (5 mM) or high (25 mM) glucose concentrations from 14 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with nephropathy; 14 IDDM patients without nephropathy matched for age, diabetes duration, and body mass index; and 14 healthy subjects. |
| 12409 | 9219163 | In the presence of normal glucose concentrations (5 mM), collagen synthesis was lower in all groups studied, but the differences between IDDM patients with nephropathy and those without remained unaltered. |
| 12410 | 9220540 | Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta. |
| 12411 | 9220540 | Using recombinant human IA-2 beta, we developed a radioimmunoprecipitation assay to measure autoantibodies in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12412 | 9220540 | Thirty-seven percent (28 of 76) of the IDDM sera-but less than 1% of the control sera (1 of 174)-reacted with IA-2 beta. |
| 12413 | 9220540 | The same IDDM sera tested for autoantibodies to IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) showed that 64% (49 of 76) and 57% (43 of 76), respectively, were positive. |
| 12414 | 9220540 | Combination of any two markers, such as IA-2 beta and IA-2, or IA-2 beta and GAD65, or IA-2 and GAD65, revealed that 67%, 74%, and 87% of IDDM sera were positive for autoantibodies, respectively. |
| 12415 | 9220540 | Blocking of IDDM sera with recombinant IA-2, IA-2 beta, or GAD65 resulted in marked inhibition of reactivity of IDDM sera with pancreatic islet sections as measured by islet cell autoantibody immunofluorescence. |
| 12416 | 9220540 | Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta. |
| 12417 | 9220540 | Using recombinant human IA-2 beta, we developed a radioimmunoprecipitation assay to measure autoantibodies in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12418 | 9220540 | Thirty-seven percent (28 of 76) of the IDDM sera-but less than 1% of the control sera (1 of 174)-reacted with IA-2 beta. |
| 12419 | 9220540 | The same IDDM sera tested for autoantibodies to IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) showed that 64% (49 of 76) and 57% (43 of 76), respectively, were positive. |
| 12420 | 9220540 | Combination of any two markers, such as IA-2 beta and IA-2, or IA-2 beta and GAD65, or IA-2 and GAD65, revealed that 67%, 74%, and 87% of IDDM sera were positive for autoantibodies, respectively. |
| 12421 | 9220540 | Blocking of IDDM sera with recombinant IA-2, IA-2 beta, or GAD65 resulted in marked inhibition of reactivity of IDDM sera with pancreatic islet sections as measured by islet cell autoantibody immunofluorescence. |
| 12422 | 9220540 | Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta. |
| 12423 | 9220540 | Using recombinant human IA-2 beta, we developed a radioimmunoprecipitation assay to measure autoantibodies in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12424 | 9220540 | Thirty-seven percent (28 of 76) of the IDDM sera-but less than 1% of the control sera (1 of 174)-reacted with IA-2 beta. |
| 12425 | 9220540 | The same IDDM sera tested for autoantibodies to IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) showed that 64% (49 of 76) and 57% (43 of 76), respectively, were positive. |
| 12426 | 9220540 | Combination of any two markers, such as IA-2 beta and IA-2, or IA-2 beta and GAD65, or IA-2 and GAD65, revealed that 67%, 74%, and 87% of IDDM sera were positive for autoantibodies, respectively. |
| 12427 | 9220540 | Blocking of IDDM sera with recombinant IA-2, IA-2 beta, or GAD65 resulted in marked inhibition of reactivity of IDDM sera with pancreatic islet sections as measured by islet cell autoantibody immunofluorescence. |
| 12428 | 9220540 | Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta. |
| 12429 | 9220540 | Using recombinant human IA-2 beta, we developed a radioimmunoprecipitation assay to measure autoantibodies in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12430 | 9220540 | Thirty-seven percent (28 of 76) of the IDDM sera-but less than 1% of the control sera (1 of 174)-reacted with IA-2 beta. |
| 12431 | 9220540 | The same IDDM sera tested for autoantibodies to IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) showed that 64% (49 of 76) and 57% (43 of 76), respectively, were positive. |
| 12432 | 9220540 | Combination of any two markers, such as IA-2 beta and IA-2, or IA-2 beta and GAD65, or IA-2 and GAD65, revealed that 67%, 74%, and 87% of IDDM sera were positive for autoantibodies, respectively. |
| 12433 | 9220540 | Blocking of IDDM sera with recombinant IA-2, IA-2 beta, or GAD65 resulted in marked inhibition of reactivity of IDDM sera with pancreatic islet sections as measured by islet cell autoantibody immunofluorescence. |
| 12434 | 9220540 | Autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular cloning and characterization of human IA-2 beta. |
| 12435 | 9220540 | Using recombinant human IA-2 beta, we developed a radioimmunoprecipitation assay to measure autoantibodies in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12436 | 9220540 | Thirty-seven percent (28 of 76) of the IDDM sera-but less than 1% of the control sera (1 of 174)-reacted with IA-2 beta. |
| 12437 | 9220540 | The same IDDM sera tested for autoantibodies to IA-2 and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) showed that 64% (49 of 76) and 57% (43 of 76), respectively, were positive. |
| 12438 | 9220540 | Combination of any two markers, such as IA-2 beta and IA-2, or IA-2 beta and GAD65, or IA-2 and GAD65, revealed that 67%, 74%, and 87% of IDDM sera were positive for autoantibodies, respectively. |
| 12439 | 9220540 | Blocking of IDDM sera with recombinant IA-2, IA-2 beta, or GAD65 resulted in marked inhibition of reactivity of IDDM sera with pancreatic islet sections as measured by islet cell autoantibody immunofluorescence. |
| 12440 | 9222644 | Some cross-sectional studies have shown that elevated erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+/Li+ CT) activity may be linked to incipient or overt nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12441 | 9222644 | The odds ratio for developing persistent microalbuminuria in IDDM with elevated baseline erythrocyte Na+/Li+ CT activity after adjustment for gender and baseline albumin excretion rate, and mean 6 monthly plasma creatinine, HbA1c and systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels was 4.2 (95% confidence intervals 2.0-11.1). |
| 12442 | 9222644 | Some cross-sectional studies have shown that elevated erythrocyte sodium-lithium countertransport (Na+/Li+ CT) activity may be linked to incipient or overt nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12443 | 9222644 | The odds ratio for developing persistent microalbuminuria in IDDM with elevated baseline erythrocyte Na+/Li+ CT activity after adjustment for gender and baseline albumin excretion rate, and mean 6 monthly plasma creatinine, HbA1c and systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels was 4.2 (95% confidence intervals 2.0-11.1). |
| 12444 | 9222650 | Fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor in IDDM: relationships to lipid vascular risk factors, blood pressure, glycaemic control and urinary albumin excretion rate: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 12445 | 9222650 | The interrelationships between fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor, a marker of vascular endothelial cell damage, and serum lipids were explored in well-characterised subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12446 | 9222650 | A prominent feature was a positive relationship between both fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor and albumin excretion rate (p < 0.001 and p < 0.003 respectively) in those with retinopathy but not in those without this complication. |
| 12447 | 9222653 | 24-h blood pressure and autonomic function is related to albumin excretion within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 12448 | 9222653 | Significant changes in both blood pressure, autonomic function and kidney ultrastructure are observed in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 12449 | 9222653 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP), and sympathovagal balance in a large group of normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 12450 | 9222653 | Comparing normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with UAE above and below the median value, we found significantly higher AMBP in combination with significant differences in sympathovagal balance and significantly poorer glycaemic control in the group with high-normal albumin excretion. |
| 12451 | 9222653 | 24-h blood pressure and autonomic function is related to albumin excretion within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 12452 | 9222653 | Significant changes in both blood pressure, autonomic function and kidney ultrastructure are observed in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 12453 | 9222653 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP), and sympathovagal balance in a large group of normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 12454 | 9222653 | Comparing normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with UAE above and below the median value, we found significantly higher AMBP in combination with significant differences in sympathovagal balance and significantly poorer glycaemic control in the group with high-normal albumin excretion. |
| 12455 | 9222653 | 24-h blood pressure and autonomic function is related to albumin excretion within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 12456 | 9222653 | Significant changes in both blood pressure, autonomic function and kidney ultrastructure are observed in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 12457 | 9222653 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP), and sympathovagal balance in a large group of normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 12458 | 9222653 | Comparing normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with UAE above and below the median value, we found significantly higher AMBP in combination with significant differences in sympathovagal balance and significantly poorer glycaemic control in the group with high-normal albumin excretion. |
| 12459 | 9222653 | 24-h blood pressure and autonomic function is related to albumin excretion within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 12460 | 9222653 | Significant changes in both blood pressure, autonomic function and kidney ultrastructure are observed in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria. |
| 12461 | 9222653 | The aim of the present study was to characterize the interactions of urinary albumin excretion (UAE), 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP), and sympathovagal balance in a large group of normoalbuminuric IDDM patients. |
| 12462 | 9222653 | Comparing normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with UAE above and below the median value, we found significantly higher AMBP in combination with significant differences in sympathovagal balance and significantly poorer glycaemic control in the group with high-normal albumin excretion. |
| 12463 | 9223318 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 2 (GAD65; EC 4.1.1.15) has been identified as a key target autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12464 | 9223318 | IDDM is genetically associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and particular alleles from the HLA-DQ and HLA-DR loci contribute to disease. |
| 12465 | 9223318 | We have utilized HLA-DR(alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter referred to as DR0401), human CD4, murine class II null triple transgenic mice and recombinant GAD65 to generate T cell hybridomas, and we have used overlapping sets of peptides to map the immunodominant epitopes of this autoantigen. |
| 12466 | 9223318 | Immunodominant GAD65 epitopes defined in transgenic mice correspond to GAD65 regions previously shown to elicit T cell responses specifically in DR0401 IDDM patients, underscoring the validity of this approach. |
| 12467 | 9223318 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 2 (GAD65; EC 4.1.1.15) has been identified as a key target autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12468 | 9223318 | IDDM is genetically associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and particular alleles from the HLA-DQ and HLA-DR loci contribute to disease. |
| 12469 | 9223318 | We have utilized HLA-DR(alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter referred to as DR0401), human CD4, murine class II null triple transgenic mice and recombinant GAD65 to generate T cell hybridomas, and we have used overlapping sets of peptides to map the immunodominant epitopes of this autoantigen. |
| 12470 | 9223318 | Immunodominant GAD65 epitopes defined in transgenic mice correspond to GAD65 regions previously shown to elicit T cell responses specifically in DR0401 IDDM patients, underscoring the validity of this approach. |
| 12471 | 9223318 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase isoform 2 (GAD65; EC 4.1.1.15) has been identified as a key target autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12472 | 9223318 | IDDM is genetically associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), and particular alleles from the HLA-DQ and HLA-DR loci contribute to disease. |
| 12473 | 9223318 | We have utilized HLA-DR(alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter referred to as DR0401), human CD4, murine class II null triple transgenic mice and recombinant GAD65 to generate T cell hybridomas, and we have used overlapping sets of peptides to map the immunodominant epitopes of this autoantigen. |
| 12474 | 9223318 | Immunodominant GAD65 epitopes defined in transgenic mice correspond to GAD65 regions previously shown to elicit T cell responses specifically in DR0401 IDDM patients, underscoring the validity of this approach. |
| 12475 | 9223400 | Compared to the 26 subjects with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the NIDDM patients were older (51.7 vs 27.7 years) and had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (29.4 vs 23.5 kg m(-2), p = 0.002), and glucose levels 47.5 vs 34 mmol l(-1) p = 0.004). |
| 12476 | 9223919 | The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of tubular dysfunction and to assess the clinical significance of low-molecular-weight proteinuria and enzymuria in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12477 | 9226116 | The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between amniotic fluid insulin (AF-insulin) measurements and maternal blood glucose levels in pregnancies complicated by insulin-dependent maternal diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12478 | 9226118 | The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between ultrasound parameters and levels of amniotic fluid insulin (AF-insulin) in pregnancies complicated by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12479 | 9226129 | Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in German patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 12480 | 9226129 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disorder in which the alleles HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 and DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 confer strong susceptibility. |
| 12481 | 9226129 | The genes for transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) are located near HLA DQ and display only a limited degree of polymorphism. |
| 12482 | 9226129 | Since polymorphisms of TAP might influence susceptibility to IDDM possibly by selection of different antigen peptides, we investigated sequence variants of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in 120 German patients with IDDM and 218 random healthy German controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). |
| 12483 | 9226129 | In conclusion, our findings indicate that the observed association of TAP variants with IDDM in German patients is due to linkage disequilibrium with HLA DQ alleles/DRB1*04 subtypes. |
| 12484 | 9226129 | Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in German patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 12485 | 9226129 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disorder in which the alleles HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 and DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 confer strong susceptibility. |
| 12486 | 9226129 | The genes for transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) are located near HLA DQ and display only a limited degree of polymorphism. |
| 12487 | 9226129 | Since polymorphisms of TAP might influence susceptibility to IDDM possibly by selection of different antigen peptides, we investigated sequence variants of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in 120 German patients with IDDM and 218 random healthy German controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). |
| 12488 | 9226129 | In conclusion, our findings indicate that the observed association of TAP variants with IDDM in German patients is due to linkage disequilibrium with HLA DQ alleles/DRB1*04 subtypes. |
| 12489 | 9226129 | Polymorphisms of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in German patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 12490 | 9226129 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disorder in which the alleles HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 and DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 confer strong susceptibility. |
| 12491 | 9226129 | The genes for transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1 and TAP2) are located near HLA DQ and display only a limited degree of polymorphism. |
| 12492 | 9226129 | Since polymorphisms of TAP might influence susceptibility to IDDM possibly by selection of different antigen peptides, we investigated sequence variants of TAP1 and TAP2 genes in 120 German patients with IDDM and 218 random healthy German controls by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequence-specific oligonucleotide analysis (SSO), single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS). |
| 12493 | 9226129 | In conclusion, our findings indicate that the observed association of TAP variants with IDDM in German patients is due to linkage disequilibrium with HLA DQ alleles/DRB1*04 subtypes. |
| 12494 | 9228518 | Differences in myocardial contractility were studied in type I (insulin-dependent, IDDM) and type II (non-insulin-dependent, NIDDM) diabetic rats. |
| 12495 | 9229191 | The study was carried out in 60 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (33 women and 27 men) chosen according to two criteria: (1) the use of a Medisense Pen 2 or Companion 2; (2) autonomous self-monitoring of blood glucose, i.e. without parental supervision. |
| 12496 | 9230353 | This minimal mitotic activity proves critical in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) since the pathogenesis is characterized by a selective and permanent destruction of islet beta cells. |
| 12497 | 9231630 | We surveyed the clinical presentation, initial management and subsequent course of a prospectively registered cohort of 60 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed before age 15 years in the Sultanate of Oman between January 1990 and December 1993. |
| 12498 | 9231630 | Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were significantly higher (260 +/- 21 ng/ml) in the group with good glycemic control v. the group with bad control (149 +/- 15 ng/ml). |
| 12499 | 9233549 | We wanted to (1) define goals of analytical quality of assays of glycated haemoglobin based on clinical goals, (2) establish a laboratory method for measurements of glycated haemoglobin fulfilling the defined goals, (3) investigate the ability of measurements of glycated haemoglobin to characterize impaired glucose tolerance, (4) evaluate the clinical usefulness of measurements of glycated haemoglobin in the assessment of metabolic regulation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), (5) compare physicians' assessment of metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with measurements of glycated haemoglobin and determine whether knowledge of glycated haemoglobin values would result in improved metabolic control, and (6) evaluate the organizational and economical consequences of introducing regular measurements of glycated haemoglobin. |
| 12500 | 9233997 | In this preliminary study, a xenograft of porcine islets, immunoprotected in semipermeable hollow fibres composed of a hydrogel of a polyacrylonitrile-sodium methallylsulphonate copolymer (AN 69), was used to reverse autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse. |
| 12501 | 9234029 | Women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by eating disorders are at risk for exacerbated alterations in lipid metabolism. |
| 12502 | 9237781 | Postural stability was measured in 50 patients classified into two diabetic groups: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM: n = 27), and diabetic patients with bilateral cutaneous sensory deficit in the foot (CD: n = 23). |
| 12503 | 9237803 | Considerable evidence exists that the genes coding for the HLA class II DQ molecules in the MHC region are major contributors to genetic susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 12504 | 9237803 | In this study we have examined the distribution of the DMB allele and studied HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2-DMB haplotypes in 52 IDDM families and 65 un-related controls. |
| 12505 | 9237803 | The IDDM-susceptible MHC DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes found by analysis of IDDM families were not associated with specific DMB alleles. |
| 12506 | 9237803 | Considerable evidence exists that the genes coding for the HLA class II DQ molecules in the MHC region are major contributors to genetic susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 12507 | 9237803 | In this study we have examined the distribution of the DMB allele and studied HLA DQA1-DQB1-TAP2-DMB haplotypes in 52 IDDM families and 65 un-related controls. |
| 12508 | 9237803 | The IDDM-susceptible MHC DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes found by analysis of IDDM families were not associated with specific DMB alleles. |
| 12509 | 9237801 | Polymorphism of the genes coding for the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen class II DR and DQ molecules makes the single largest genetic contribution to the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and can be associated with highly elevated as well as decreased disease frequency. |
| 12510 | 9237801 | We have generated T cell lines (TCL) with specificity for the IDDM autoantigen 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) from lymphocytes of two patients carrying HLA class II alleles associated with distinct risk of IDDM (DRB1*0101/0401 and 1302/1501). |
| 12511 | 9237801 | This epitope overlaps with a central GAD peptide binding to the high risk allele DQB1*0302 and containing a Coxsackie P2C-identical mimicry sequence, raising the possibility of competition of DRB5*0101 and DQB1*0302 for binding of a central GAD65 fragment. |
| 12512 | 9237801 | Polymorphism of the genes coding for the human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen class II DR and DQ molecules makes the single largest genetic contribution to the risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and can be associated with highly elevated as well as decreased disease frequency. |
| 12513 | 9237801 | We have generated T cell lines (TCL) with specificity for the IDDM autoantigen 65 kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) from lymphocytes of two patients carrying HLA class II alleles associated with distinct risk of IDDM (DRB1*0101/0401 and 1302/1501). |
| 12514 | 9237801 | This epitope overlaps with a central GAD peptide binding to the high risk allele DQB1*0302 and containing a Coxsackie P2C-identical mimicry sequence, raising the possibility of competition of DRB5*0101 and DQB1*0302 for binding of a central GAD65 fragment. |
| 12515 | 9237802 | We report the establishment and characterization of a T cell line (19KW) that reacts to purified 52 kDa islet protein (purified p52) from a subject with IDDM. |
| 12516 | 9237802 | T cell lines specifically reactive to p52 may be useful for investigating further the role of this antigen in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 12517 | 9237802 | We report the establishment and characterization of a T cell line (19KW) that reacts to purified 52 kDa islet protein (purified p52) from a subject with IDDM. |
| 12518 | 9237802 | T cell lines specifically reactive to p52 may be useful for investigating further the role of this antigen in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 12519 | 9239508 | We use type I diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) as our model system. |
| 12520 | 9239508 | We test our new software and statistical tools to assess linkage of IDDM5 and IDDM7 conditioned on analyses with 1 or 2 other unlinked type I diabetes susceptibility loci. |
| 12521 | 9239508 | The results from the CASPAR analysis suggest that conditioning of IDDM5 on IDDM1 and IDDM4, and of IDDM7 on IDDM1 and IDDM2 provides significant benefits for the genetic analysis of polygenic loci. |
| 12522 | 9239508 | We use type I diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) as our model system. |
| 12523 | 9239508 | We test our new software and statistical tools to assess linkage of IDDM5 and IDDM7 conditioned on analyses with 1 or 2 other unlinked type I diabetes susceptibility loci. |
| 12524 | 9239508 | The results from the CASPAR analysis suggest that conditioning of IDDM5 on IDDM1 and IDDM4, and of IDDM7 on IDDM1 and IDDM2 provides significant benefits for the genetic analysis of polygenic loci. |
| 12525 | 9239904 | The role of HLA class II alleles in the genetic susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined by means of PCR and oligospecific probes in 63 IDDM children and 74 controls subjects. |
| 12526 | 9239904 | In diabetic patients we found a significant increase in the alleles frequency DR3, DR4, DQB1*0302 and DQA1*0301 compared to the control group, where the most prevalent alleles were DR2, DR14 (DRB1*1402), DQA1*0101 and DQA1*0201. |
| 12527 | 9243103 | Proteinuria and nephropathy have been found to cluster in families of non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) Pima Indian, and in Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12528 | 9243758 | Among DQ6 molecules, DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 is negatively associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but DQA1*0102-DQB1*0604 shows a neutral to positive association in Swedish children with IDDM. |
| 12529 | 9253351 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) are present in a number of autoimmune disorders, such as insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), stiff man syndrome, and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 12530 | 9253351 | Antibodies to GAD in IDDM patients usually recognize conformation-dependent regions on GAD65 and rarely bind to the second isoform, glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 (GAD67). |
| 12531 | 9253351 | Using chimeric GAD proteins, we have shown that b35 targets the IDDM-E1 region of GAD65 (amino acids 240-435) whereas both b78 and b96 target the IDDM-E2 region of GAD65 (amino acids 451-570). |
| 12532 | 9253351 | Our results indicate that antibodies to GAD65 present in nondiabetic patients with multiple autoantibodies to endocrine organs show similarities to those in IDDM (by targeting IDDM-E1 and IDDM-E2 regions of GAD65) as well as subtle differences in epitope recognition (such as binding to denatured and reduced GAD65 and by protein footprinting). |
| 12533 | 9253351 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) are present in a number of autoimmune disorders, such as insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), stiff man syndrome, and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 12534 | 9253351 | Antibodies to GAD in IDDM patients usually recognize conformation-dependent regions on GAD65 and rarely bind to the second isoform, glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 (GAD67). |
| 12535 | 9253351 | Using chimeric GAD proteins, we have shown that b35 targets the IDDM-E1 region of GAD65 (amino acids 240-435) whereas both b78 and b96 target the IDDM-E2 region of GAD65 (amino acids 451-570). |
| 12536 | 9253351 | Our results indicate that antibodies to GAD65 present in nondiabetic patients with multiple autoantibodies to endocrine organs show similarities to those in IDDM (by targeting IDDM-E1 and IDDM-E2 regions of GAD65) as well as subtle differences in epitope recognition (such as binding to denatured and reduced GAD65 and by protein footprinting). |
| 12537 | 9253351 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65) are present in a number of autoimmune disorders, such as insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), stiff man syndrome, and polyendocrine autoimmune disease. |
| 12538 | 9253351 | Antibodies to GAD in IDDM patients usually recognize conformation-dependent regions on GAD65 and rarely bind to the second isoform, glutamic acid decarboxylase-67 (GAD67). |
| 12539 | 9253351 | Using chimeric GAD proteins, we have shown that b35 targets the IDDM-E1 region of GAD65 (amino acids 240-435) whereas both b78 and b96 target the IDDM-E2 region of GAD65 (amino acids 451-570). |
| 12540 | 9253351 | Our results indicate that antibodies to GAD65 present in nondiabetic patients with multiple autoantibodies to endocrine organs show similarities to those in IDDM (by targeting IDDM-E1 and IDDM-E2 regions of GAD65) as well as subtle differences in epitope recognition (such as binding to denatured and reduced GAD65 and by protein footprinting). |
| 12541 | 9254534 | At the present time, there are markers which we can use to identify individuals with a high susceptibility of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) years before the onset of the disease. |
| 12542 | 9254534 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease strongly associated with HLA antigens DR3 and DR4. |
| 12543 | 9254534 | In this manuscript, we discuss the usefulness of several markers, such as islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, to identify individuals with a high susceptibility to IDDM before the disease is clinically evident. |
| 12544 | 9254534 | Currently, two large-scale multicentric human trials, one in Europe using nicotinamide (European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial, ENDIT) and the other in the USA using insulin (Diabetes Prevention Trial), are now in full activity and will test the benefits of these drugs in the prophylaxis of IDDM in highly susceptible individuals. |
| 12545 | 9254534 | At the present time, there are markers which we can use to identify individuals with a high susceptibility of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) years before the onset of the disease. |
| 12546 | 9254534 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease strongly associated with HLA antigens DR3 and DR4. |
| 12547 | 9254534 | In this manuscript, we discuss the usefulness of several markers, such as islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, to identify individuals with a high susceptibility to IDDM before the disease is clinically evident. |
| 12548 | 9254534 | Currently, two large-scale multicentric human trials, one in Europe using nicotinamide (European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial, ENDIT) and the other in the USA using insulin (Diabetes Prevention Trial), are now in full activity and will test the benefits of these drugs in the prophylaxis of IDDM in highly susceptible individuals. |
| 12549 | 9254534 | At the present time, there are markers which we can use to identify individuals with a high susceptibility of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) years before the onset of the disease. |
| 12550 | 9254534 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease strongly associated with HLA antigens DR3 and DR4. |
| 12551 | 9254534 | In this manuscript, we discuss the usefulness of several markers, such as islet cell antibodies, insulin autoantibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, to identify individuals with a high susceptibility to IDDM before the disease is clinically evident. |
| 12552 | 9254534 | Currently, two large-scale multicentric human trials, one in Europe using nicotinamide (European Nicotinamide Diabetes Intervention Trial, ENDIT) and the other in the USA using insulin (Diabetes Prevention Trial), are now in full activity and will test the benefits of these drugs in the prophylaxis of IDDM in highly susceptible individuals. |
| 12553 | 9254659 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is assumed to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 12554 | 9254659 | Fas-Fas ligand system might be critical for autoimmune beta cell destruction leading to IDDM. |
| 12555 | 9254659 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is assumed to be a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 12556 | 9254659 | Fas-Fas ligand system might be critical for autoimmune beta cell destruction leading to IDDM. |
| 12557 | 9257079 | Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of elevated blood pressure in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12558 | 9258280 | Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and phorbol ester binding were studied in intact platelets of young patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 12559 | 9258280 | [Ca2+]i in platelets of the IDDM group (135 +/- 20 nmol/L) under basal conditions was significantly higher than that of the control group (81 +/- 8 nmol/L, P = .019), whereas at 60 seconds after stimulation with 0.1 National Institutes of Health (NIH) U/mL thrombin, [Ca2+]i in the NIDDM group (484 +/- 36 nmol/L) was significantly higher than that of the controls (347 +/- 22 nmol/L, P = .003) and IDDM group (360 +/- 45 nmol/L, P = .04), respectively. |
| 12560 | 9258280 | Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PdBu) maximal binding capacity (Bmax) in the IDDM group was significantly lower than that in the control group either under basal conditions or after stimulation with thrombin (P = .0034 and P = .015, respectively). |
| 12561 | 9258280 | Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and phorbol ester binding were studied in intact platelets of young patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 12562 | 9258280 | [Ca2+]i in platelets of the IDDM group (135 +/- 20 nmol/L) under basal conditions was significantly higher than that of the control group (81 +/- 8 nmol/L, P = .019), whereas at 60 seconds after stimulation with 0.1 National Institutes of Health (NIH) U/mL thrombin, [Ca2+]i in the NIDDM group (484 +/- 36 nmol/L) was significantly higher than that of the controls (347 +/- 22 nmol/L, P = .003) and IDDM group (360 +/- 45 nmol/L, P = .04), respectively. |
| 12563 | 9258280 | Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PdBu) maximal binding capacity (Bmax) in the IDDM group was significantly lower than that in the control group either under basal conditions or after stimulation with thrombin (P = .0034 and P = .015, respectively). |
| 12564 | 9258280 | Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and phorbol ester binding were studied in intact platelets of young patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 12565 | 9258280 | [Ca2+]i in platelets of the IDDM group (135 +/- 20 nmol/L) under basal conditions was significantly higher than that of the control group (81 +/- 8 nmol/L, P = .019), whereas at 60 seconds after stimulation with 0.1 National Institutes of Health (NIH) U/mL thrombin, [Ca2+]i in the NIDDM group (484 +/- 36 nmol/L) was significantly higher than that of the controls (347 +/- 22 nmol/L, P = .003) and IDDM group (360 +/- 45 nmol/L, P = .04), respectively. |
| 12566 | 9258280 | Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PdBu) maximal binding capacity (Bmax) in the IDDM group was significantly lower than that in the control group either under basal conditions or after stimulation with thrombin (P = .0034 and P = .015, respectively). |
| 12567 | 9259273 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups. |
| 12568 | 9259273 | Linkage disequilibrium (association) analysis was used to evaluate a candidate region near the CTLA4/CD28 genes using a multi-ethnic collection of families with one or more children affected by IDDM. |
| 12569 | 9259273 | These results suggest that a true IDDM susceptibility locus (designated IDDM12) is located near CTLA4. |
| 12570 | 9259273 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups. |
| 12571 | 9259273 | Linkage disequilibrium (association) analysis was used to evaluate a candidate region near the CTLA4/CD28 genes using a multi-ethnic collection of families with one or more children affected by IDDM. |
| 12572 | 9259273 | These results suggest that a true IDDM susceptibility locus (designated IDDM12) is located near CTLA4. |
| 12573 | 9259273 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with CTLA4 polymorphisms in multiple ethnic groups. |
| 12574 | 9259273 | Linkage disequilibrium (association) analysis was used to evaluate a candidate region near the CTLA4/CD28 genes using a multi-ethnic collection of families with one or more children affected by IDDM. |
| 12575 | 9259273 | These results suggest that a true IDDM susceptibility locus (designated IDDM12) is located near CTLA4. |
| 12576 | 9260198 | GAD65 is targeted by different patterns of autoantibodies [glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-AAbs] in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 12577 | 9260198 | This fixation procedure was used to compare the immunoreactivity of GAD-AAb+ or GAD-AAb- islet cell cytoplasmic antibody-positive (ICA+) sera of IDDM (n = 27) and SMS patients (n = 3). |
| 12578 | 9260198 | The three SMS sera were reactive with GAD on fixed islets but showed a reduced titer, whereas the majority of IDDM sera (22/27; 81.5%) were not detectable; 70.6% (12/ 17) of GAD-AAb+ IDDM sera were not detectable on fixed islets. |
| 12579 | 9260198 | GAD65 is targeted by different patterns of autoantibodies [glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-AAbs] in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 12580 | 9260198 | This fixation procedure was used to compare the immunoreactivity of GAD-AAb+ or GAD-AAb- islet cell cytoplasmic antibody-positive (ICA+) sera of IDDM (n = 27) and SMS patients (n = 3). |
| 12581 | 9260198 | The three SMS sera were reactive with GAD on fixed islets but showed a reduced titer, whereas the majority of IDDM sera (22/27; 81.5%) were not detectable; 70.6% (12/ 17) of GAD-AAb+ IDDM sera were not detectable on fixed islets. |
| 12582 | 9260198 | GAD65 is targeted by different patterns of autoantibodies [glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-AAbs] in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-man syndrome (SMS). |
| 12583 | 9260198 | This fixation procedure was used to compare the immunoreactivity of GAD-AAb+ or GAD-AAb- islet cell cytoplasmic antibody-positive (ICA+) sera of IDDM (n = 27) and SMS patients (n = 3). |
| 12584 | 9260198 | The three SMS sera were reactive with GAD on fixed islets but showed a reduced titer, whereas the majority of IDDM sera (22/27; 81.5%) were not detectable; 70.6% (12/ 17) of GAD-AAb+ IDDM sera were not detectable on fixed islets. |
| 12585 | 9262459 | The effects of an oral glucose administration (1 g/kg) 30 min before exercise on endurance capacity and metabolic responses were studied in 21 type I diabetic patients [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] and 23 normal controls (Con). |
| 12586 | 9266148 | Besides an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) she had developed the clinical symptoms of stiff-man-syndrome (SMS) and harbored autoantibodies against glutamate-decarboxylase (GAD) in blood and liquor. |
| 12587 | 9266148 | We suggest that this case including GAD autoantibodies, dramatic loss of GAD-expressing pancreatic cells, and loss or atrophy of GABA secretory neurons, supports the hypothesis that SMS may be an autoimmune disease directed against GABA-ergic cells. |
| 12588 | 9267149 | To elucidate the relationship between hyperlipidemias and insulin resistance in the elderly, we conducted three studies: 1) determination of the prevalence of hyperlipidemias in elderly subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, 2) measurement of plasma glucose and insulin levels in patients with phyerlipidemias and atherosclerotic vascular disease, and 3) computation of correlation between levels of substances involved in coagulation and fibrinolysis (F-VII, F-X, and PAI-1) and levels of triglycerides and insulin in serum in hyperlipidemic patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease. |
| 12589 | 9267149 | The activities and levels of F-VII, F-X, and PAI-1 correlated with triglycerides in serum and also with fasting insulin levels in hyperlipidemic patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease. |
| 12590 | 9267988 | Environmental risk factors for childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been investigated using data abstracted from the obstetric records of mothers participating in a population-based case-control study of children (0-15 years) diagnosed with IDDM during 1993-1994. |
| 12591 | 9267992 | Glucokinase plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion and is therefore an attractive candidate gene for both insulin dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 12592 | 9267992 | Our results suggest that the -30 beta-cell glucokinase promoter variant is not associated with IDDM. |
| 12593 | 9267992 | Glucokinase plays an important role in the regulation of insulin secretion and is therefore an attractive candidate gene for both insulin dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 12594 | 9267992 | Our results suggest that the -30 beta-cell glucokinase promoter variant is not associated with IDDM. |
| 12595 | 9267994 | Allelic variation in the vitamin D receptor influences susceptibility to IDDM in Indian Asians. |
| 12596 | 9267994 | Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory properties and prevents development of diabetes mellitus in an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 12597 | 9267994 | We have studied the vitamin D receptor locus as a candidate for genetic susceptibility to IDDM in Southern Indian families. |
| 12598 | 9267994 | We found evidence for an association of one particular vitamin D receptor allele with IDDM susceptibility in this community. |
| 12599 | 9267994 | This study suggests that a polymorphism within or close to the vitamin D receptor gene may modify susceptibility to IDDM in this ethnic group. |
| 12600 | 9267994 | Allelic variation in the vitamin D receptor influences susceptibility to IDDM in Indian Asians. |
| 12601 | 9267994 | Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory properties and prevents development of diabetes mellitus in an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 12602 | 9267994 | We have studied the vitamin D receptor locus as a candidate for genetic susceptibility to IDDM in Southern Indian families. |
| 12603 | 9267994 | We found evidence for an association of one particular vitamin D receptor allele with IDDM susceptibility in this community. |
| 12604 | 9267994 | This study suggests that a polymorphism within or close to the vitamin D receptor gene may modify susceptibility to IDDM in this ethnic group. |
| 12605 | 9267994 | Allelic variation in the vitamin D receptor influences susceptibility to IDDM in Indian Asians. |
| 12606 | 9267994 | Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory properties and prevents development of diabetes mellitus in an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 12607 | 9267994 | We have studied the vitamin D receptor locus as a candidate for genetic susceptibility to IDDM in Southern Indian families. |
| 12608 | 9267994 | We found evidence for an association of one particular vitamin D receptor allele with IDDM susceptibility in this community. |
| 12609 | 9267994 | This study suggests that a polymorphism within or close to the vitamin D receptor gene may modify susceptibility to IDDM in this ethnic group. |
| 12610 | 9267994 | Allelic variation in the vitamin D receptor influences susceptibility to IDDM in Indian Asians. |
| 12611 | 9267994 | Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory properties and prevents development of diabetes mellitus in an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 12612 | 9267994 | We have studied the vitamin D receptor locus as a candidate for genetic susceptibility to IDDM in Southern Indian families. |
| 12613 | 9267994 | We found evidence for an association of one particular vitamin D receptor allele with IDDM susceptibility in this community. |
| 12614 | 9267994 | This study suggests that a polymorphism within or close to the vitamin D receptor gene may modify susceptibility to IDDM in this ethnic group. |
| 12615 | 9267994 | Allelic variation in the vitamin D receptor influences susceptibility to IDDM in Indian Asians. |
| 12616 | 9267994 | Vitamin D has important immunomodulatory properties and prevents development of diabetes mellitus in an animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 12617 | 9267994 | We have studied the vitamin D receptor locus as a candidate for genetic susceptibility to IDDM in Southern Indian families. |
| 12618 | 9267994 | We found evidence for an association of one particular vitamin D receptor allele with IDDM susceptibility in this community. |
| 12619 | 9267994 | This study suggests that a polymorphism within or close to the vitamin D receptor gene may modify susceptibility to IDDM in this ethnic group. |
| 12620 | 9269695 | Recently evidence has accumulated that diabetic nephropathy clusters in families, both in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 12621 | 9271825 | Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are two autoimmune syndromes of unknown etiology with common immune features. |
| 12622 | 9271825 | One is that the target cells, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet beta cells respectively, hyperexpress several proteins encoded in the HLA region: HLA class I, HLA class II and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP-1): the clinical course and many aspects of the immunopathology are, however, quite different. |
| 12623 | 9271825 | Low-molecular-mass polypeptides 2 and 7 (LMP2 and LMP7) are proteasome subunits that increase the efficiency of endogenous antigen processing and are encoded in close vicinity to the TAP genes. |
| 12624 | 9271825 | We investigated whether LMP2 and LMP7 are hyperexpressed in thyrocytes and islet cells in AITD and IDDM. |
| 12625 | 9271825 | The results demonstrate that, in normal glands, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet cells express comparable moderate to low levels of LMP2 and LMP7. |
| 12626 | 9271825 | In AITD and IDDM, expression of LMP2/7 in the endocrine cells was disparate: while in AITD glands there was hyperexpression of LMP2 and 7 parallel to that of HLA class I and TAP-1, in the islet cells of recent onset diabetic pancreases (n = 2) the level of LMP2 and 7 expression was totally normal, including islets that were infiltrated by lymphocytes and hyperexpressed HLA class I and TAP-1. |
| 12627 | 9271825 | Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are two autoimmune syndromes of unknown etiology with common immune features. |
| 12628 | 9271825 | One is that the target cells, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet beta cells respectively, hyperexpress several proteins encoded in the HLA region: HLA class I, HLA class II and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP-1): the clinical course and many aspects of the immunopathology are, however, quite different. |
| 12629 | 9271825 | Low-molecular-mass polypeptides 2 and 7 (LMP2 and LMP7) are proteasome subunits that increase the efficiency of endogenous antigen processing and are encoded in close vicinity to the TAP genes. |
| 12630 | 9271825 | We investigated whether LMP2 and LMP7 are hyperexpressed in thyrocytes and islet cells in AITD and IDDM. |
| 12631 | 9271825 | The results demonstrate that, in normal glands, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet cells express comparable moderate to low levels of LMP2 and LMP7. |
| 12632 | 9271825 | In AITD and IDDM, expression of LMP2/7 in the endocrine cells was disparate: while in AITD glands there was hyperexpression of LMP2 and 7 parallel to that of HLA class I and TAP-1, in the islet cells of recent onset diabetic pancreases (n = 2) the level of LMP2 and 7 expression was totally normal, including islets that were infiltrated by lymphocytes and hyperexpressed HLA class I and TAP-1. |
| 12633 | 9271825 | Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are two autoimmune syndromes of unknown etiology with common immune features. |
| 12634 | 9271825 | One is that the target cells, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet beta cells respectively, hyperexpress several proteins encoded in the HLA region: HLA class I, HLA class II and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP-1): the clinical course and many aspects of the immunopathology are, however, quite different. |
| 12635 | 9271825 | Low-molecular-mass polypeptides 2 and 7 (LMP2 and LMP7) are proteasome subunits that increase the efficiency of endogenous antigen processing and are encoded in close vicinity to the TAP genes. |
| 12636 | 9271825 | We investigated whether LMP2 and LMP7 are hyperexpressed in thyrocytes and islet cells in AITD and IDDM. |
| 12637 | 9271825 | The results demonstrate that, in normal glands, thyrocytes and pancreatic islet cells express comparable moderate to low levels of LMP2 and LMP7. |
| 12638 | 9271825 | In AITD and IDDM, expression of LMP2/7 in the endocrine cells was disparate: while in AITD glands there was hyperexpression of LMP2 and 7 parallel to that of HLA class I and TAP-1, in the islet cells of recent onset diabetic pancreases (n = 2) the level of LMP2 and 7 expression was totally normal, including islets that were infiltrated by lymphocytes and hyperexpressed HLA class I and TAP-1. |
| 12639 | 9272590 | There is circumstantial evidence implicating hypoglycaemia in the sudden overnight death of young patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the mechanism of which is unknown. |
| 12640 | 9272591 | Effects of C-peptide on insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and its counterregulatory responses in IDDM patients. |
| 12641 | 9272591 | Recent studies indicate that C-peptide, when given to patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), exerts significant effects on microvascular and neuronal functions. |
| 12642 | 9272591 | Effects of C-peptide on insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and its counterregulatory responses in IDDM patients. |
| 12643 | 9272591 | Recent studies indicate that C-peptide, when given to patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), exerts significant effects on microvascular and neuronal functions. |
| 12644 | 9272595 | Presymptomatic autoantibody markers of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are less well characterized in adults than in children. |
| 12645 | 9272595 | Of the 35 women seropositive for 1 or more autoantibodies, 77% developed IDDM, 11% non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 9% gestational diabetes mellitus requiring insulin (GDM-ins) and 3% GDM controlled by diet. |
| 12646 | 9272595 | The frequency of antibodies during the 10-year presymptomatic period was 83% for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 52% for anti-ICA512 and 41% for islet cell antibodies (ICA) for those who developed IDDM, 25%, 17%, and 0% for NIDDM, 12%, 4%, and 8% for GDM-ins and 1%, 0%, and 1% for GDM-diet. |
| 12647 | 9272595 | Presymptomatic autoantibody markers of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are less well characterized in adults than in children. |
| 12648 | 9272595 | Of the 35 women seropositive for 1 or more autoantibodies, 77% developed IDDM, 11% non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 9% gestational diabetes mellitus requiring insulin (GDM-ins) and 3% GDM controlled by diet. |
| 12649 | 9272595 | The frequency of antibodies during the 10-year presymptomatic period was 83% for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 52% for anti-ICA512 and 41% for islet cell antibodies (ICA) for those who developed IDDM, 25%, 17%, and 0% for NIDDM, 12%, 4%, and 8% for GDM-ins and 1%, 0%, and 1% for GDM-diet. |
| 12650 | 9272595 | Presymptomatic autoantibody markers of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are less well characterized in adults than in children. |
| 12651 | 9272595 | Of the 35 women seropositive for 1 or more autoantibodies, 77% developed IDDM, 11% non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 9% gestational diabetes mellitus requiring insulin (GDM-ins) and 3% GDM controlled by diet. |
| 12652 | 9272595 | The frequency of antibodies during the 10-year presymptomatic period was 83% for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), 52% for anti-ICA512 and 41% for islet cell antibodies (ICA) for those who developed IDDM, 25%, 17%, and 0% for NIDDM, 12%, 4%, and 8% for GDM-ins and 1%, 0%, and 1% for GDM-diet. |
| 12653 | 9273485 | The therapeutic advantage of the long acting ACE-inhibitor benazepril in a 12 weeks intervention period on 23 diabetic (3 IDDM, 20 NIDDM) patients with essential hypertension was studied. |
| 12654 | 9274838 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients may have an increased intrarenal angiotensin II activity. |
| 12655 | 9274838 | We investigated the effects of two salt diets on arterial pressure and renal response to a protein load in 10 normotensive (blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg) IDDM patients (aged 30 +/- 3 years) who had diabetes for 7 +/- 4 years and normoalbuminuria levels [albumin excretion rate 4.8 (2.5-19.1) microg/min]. |
| 12656 | 9274838 | The plasma renin concentration [28 +/- 15 vs. 16 +/- 6 microU/ml(168 +/- 90 vs. 96 +/- 36 pmol/l), p = 0.013] and angiotensin II [8.8 +/- 4.4 vs. 6.4 +/- 3.5 pg/ml (0.052 +/- 0.025 vs. 0.038 +/- 0.021 nmol/l), p = 0.016] were significantly lower with the high salt diet. |
| 12657 | 9274838 | In this subset of normotensive normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, a high salt intake did not promote an exaggerated renal response to the protein load despite inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 12658 | 9274838 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients may have an increased intrarenal angiotensin II activity. |
| 12659 | 9274838 | We investigated the effects of two salt diets on arterial pressure and renal response to a protein load in 10 normotensive (blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg) IDDM patients (aged 30 +/- 3 years) who had diabetes for 7 +/- 4 years and normoalbuminuria levels [albumin excretion rate 4.8 (2.5-19.1) microg/min]. |
| 12660 | 9274838 | The plasma renin concentration [28 +/- 15 vs. 16 +/- 6 microU/ml(168 +/- 90 vs. 96 +/- 36 pmol/l), p = 0.013] and angiotensin II [8.8 +/- 4.4 vs. 6.4 +/- 3.5 pg/ml (0.052 +/- 0.025 vs. 0.038 +/- 0.021 nmol/l), p = 0.016] were significantly lower with the high salt diet. |
| 12661 | 9274838 | In this subset of normotensive normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, a high salt intake did not promote an exaggerated renal response to the protein load despite inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 12662 | 9274838 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients may have an increased intrarenal angiotensin II activity. |
| 12663 | 9274838 | We investigated the effects of two salt diets on arterial pressure and renal response to a protein load in 10 normotensive (blood pressure < 140/90 mm Hg) IDDM patients (aged 30 +/- 3 years) who had diabetes for 7 +/- 4 years and normoalbuminuria levels [albumin excretion rate 4.8 (2.5-19.1) microg/min]. |
| 12664 | 9274838 | The plasma renin concentration [28 +/- 15 vs. 16 +/- 6 microU/ml(168 +/- 90 vs. 96 +/- 36 pmol/l), p = 0.013] and angiotensin II [8.8 +/- 4.4 vs. 6.4 +/- 3.5 pg/ml (0.052 +/- 0.025 vs. 0.038 +/- 0.021 nmol/l), p = 0.016] were significantly lower with the high salt diet. |
| 12665 | 9274838 | In this subset of normotensive normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, a high salt intake did not promote an exaggerated renal response to the protein load despite inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system. |
| 12666 | 9277089 | Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in blood was examined in 70 patients with diabetes mellitus. 40 of them had insulin-dependent diabetes--(IDDM) or type I, while there were 30 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) or type II. |
| 12667 | 9279472 | High-dose insulin treatment in the first period after clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been found to reduce diabetic manifestations in humans. |
| 12668 | 9279472 | The aim of the present study was to examine whether high-dose insulin treatment of newly diagnosed diabetic non obese diabetic (NOD) mice would increase beta-cell insulin content after termination of treatment in this experimental IDDM animal model. |
| 12669 | 9279472 | High-dose insulin treatment in the first period after clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been found to reduce diabetic manifestations in humans. |
| 12670 | 9279472 | The aim of the present study was to examine whether high-dose insulin treatment of newly diagnosed diabetic non obese diabetic (NOD) mice would increase beta-cell insulin content after termination of treatment in this experimental IDDM animal model. |
| 12671 | 9279484 | Limited joint mobility (LJM) of the ankle joint was measured in 48 diabetic patients classified into three groups: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM = 15), non-insulin diabetes mellitus (NIDDM = 12) and patients with cutaneous sensory deficit in the foot (CD = 21). |
| 12672 | 9281381 | The largest number of eligible prevalence studies were conducted on multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (>/=23), followed by insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), myasthenia gravis, primary biliary cirrhosis, and scleroderma (>/=7). |
| 12673 | 9282605 | As autoimmunity is an important factor in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM, 85 ketosis prone i.e. insulin dependent diabetes (IDD) were evaluated for immunological and beta cell functional status. |
| 12674 | 9284569 | The aim of the present study was to confirm the structural changes and to establish the ultrastructural alterations that occur in the endocrine pancreas of mice with an induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) syndrome. |
| 12675 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12676 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12677 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12678 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12679 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12680 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12681 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12682 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12683 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12684 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12685 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12686 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12687 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12688 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12689 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12690 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12691 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12692 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12693 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12694 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12695 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12696 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12697 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12698 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12699 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12700 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12701 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12702 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12703 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12704 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12705 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12706 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12707 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12708 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12709 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12710 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12711 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12712 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12713 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12714 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12715 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12716 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12717 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12718 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12719 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12720 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12721 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12722 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12723 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12724 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12725 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12726 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12727 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12728 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12729 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12730 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12731 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12732 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12733 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12734 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12735 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12736 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12737 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12738 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12739 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12740 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12741 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12742 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12743 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12744 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12745 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12746 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12747 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12748 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12749 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12750 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12751 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12752 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12753 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12754 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12755 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12756 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12757 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12758 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12759 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12760 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12761 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12762 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12763 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12764 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12765 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12766 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12767 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12768 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12769 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12770 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12771 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12772 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12773 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12774 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12775 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12776 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12777 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12778 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12779 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12780 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12781 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12782 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12783 | 9284701 | Free and total insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 and their relationships to the presence of diabetic retinopathy and glomerular hyperfiltration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12784 | 9284701 | The existing literature on serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is conflicting. |
| 12785 | 9284701 | Serum free and total IGF-I, IGF-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-3 levels were measured in 56 insulin-treated IDDM patients and 52 healthy sex- and age-matched controls. |
| 12786 | 9284701 | Fasting free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly lower in IDDM patients than in age- and sex-matched healthy controls (free IGF-I, P < 0.005; total IGF-I, P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, P = 0.001), whereas IGFBP-1 levels were higher (P < 0.001). |
| 12787 | 9284701 | In IDDM subjects, decreases in free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels with age were observed (free IGF-I, r = -0.27 and P = 0.05; total IGF-I, r = -0.52 and P < 0.001; IGFBP-3, r = -0.37 and P = 0.005). |
| 12788 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I was inversely related to fasting glucose in IDDM subjects (r = -0.35; P = 0.01), whereas the relationship between total IGF-I and fasting glucose did not reach significance (r = -0.27; P = 0.06). |
| 12789 | 9284701 | Age-adjusted free IGF-I levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in IDDM subjects with retinopathy than in subjects without retinopathy after adjustment for age. |
| 12790 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR (total IGF-I, r = 0.35 and P < 0.05; IGFBP-3, r = 0.28 and P < 0.05). |
| 12791 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels were lower and IGFBP-1 levels were higher in insulin-treated IDDM subjects compared to those in age- and sex-matched controls. |
| 12792 | 9284701 | Free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels decreased significantly with age in IDDM subjects. |
| 12793 | 9284701 | Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were positively related to GFR in IDDM subjects, but these relations were lost after adjustment for age. |
| 12794 | 9284701 | Measurement of serum free IGF-I levels in IDDM subjects did not have clear advantages compared to that of total IGF-I, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 12795 | 9284704 | A 6-yr-old boy presented with muscle weakness, lactic acidemia, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12796 | 9284704 | Otherwise the incidence of mtDNA mutations in both IDDM and non-insulin dependent diabetes may be underestimated. |
| 12797 | 9284704 | A 6-yr-old boy presented with muscle weakness, lactic acidemia, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12798 | 9284704 | Otherwise the incidence of mtDNA mutations in both IDDM and non-insulin dependent diabetes may be underestimated. |
| 12799 | 9285027 | The microvascular complications of NIDDM are the same as for insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and are related to the intensity and duration of hyperglycaemia. |
| 12800 | 9285027 | Mutations in the insulin receptor lead to NIDDM in a small number of patients, and mutations in the glucokinase gene lead to maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). |
| 12801 | 9285208 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disorder that results from autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 12802 | 9287056 | TNFa microsatellite polymorphism modulates the risk of IDDM in Caucasians with the high-risk genotype HLA DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201/DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302. |
| 12803 | 9288579 | These antibodies are valuable tools for the immunodiagnosis of insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and for the assessment of risk for the future development of IDDM. |
| 12804 | 9290094 | Recent studies have shown that plasma concentrations of vitamin A (retinol) and its carrier proteins, retinol-binding protein (RBP), and transthyretin (TTR), are decreased in human subjects with insulin-dependent (IDDM) but not with noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12805 | 9292110 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were less common than patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), particularly in the control group (3.4 vs 26.3%, P < 0.00001, for controls and ESRF patients, respectively); this type of DM was associated with a higher risk of ESRF than NIDDM, as determined by univariate analysis or logistic regression (OR = 4.1). |
| 12806 | 9293961 | A retrospective study revealed inadequate myocardial glucose uptake as assessed by 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18FDG) in 64% of type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) and 36% of type II (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM) patients. |
| 12807 | 9296067 | It is recognised that the MHC contains multiple susceptibility loci (referred to collectively as IDDM1), including the class II antigen receptor genes, which control the major pathological feature of the disease: T lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 12808 | 9296067 | However, the MHC genes, and a second locus, the insulin gene minisatellite on chromosome 11p15 (IDDM2; lambda s = 1.25), cannot account for all of the observed clustering of disease in families (lambda s = 15), and the scans suggested the presence of other susceptibility loci scattered throughout the genome. |
| 12809 | 9296067 | There are four additional loci for which there is currently sufficient evidence from linkage and association studies to justify fine mapping experiments: IDDM4 (FGF3/11q13), IDDM5 (ESR/6q22), IDDM8 (D6S281/6q27) and IDDM12 (CTLA-4/2q33), IDDM4, 5 and 8 were detected by genome scanning, and IDDM12 by a candidate gene strategy. |
| 12810 | 9297837 | Using ozonization and thin-layer chromatographic methods we determined the qualitative and quantitative correlation of unsaturation distribution (UD) in individual fractions of blood plasma lipids in children suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12811 | 9297970 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease whose etiology is complex. |
| 12812 | 9300221 | Does recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 have a role in the treatment of diabetes? |
| 12813 | 9300221 | The structure of IGF-I is similar to that of insulin, having 43% sequence homology with human proinsulin. |
| 12814 | 9300221 | RhIGF-I can reduce hyperglycaemia in patients with severe insulin resistance by direct effects mediated via the IGF-I receptor. |
| 12815 | 9300221 | Enhanced insulin sensitivity with low dose rhIGF-I has been observed in adolescents and young adults with IDDM. |
| 12816 | 9300221 | These effects are closely related to reductions in growth hormone levels, but there is also evidence of complex interactions with insulin at the post receptor level and with IGFBP-1. |
| 12817 | 9300227 | We aimed to determine the natural history of borderline increases in albuminuria in adolescents with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and factors which are associated with progression to persistent microalbuminura. |
| 12818 | 9300227 | Fifty-five normotensive adolescents with IDDM and intermittent microalbuminura (overnight albumin excretion ratte of 20-200 micrograms min-1 on one of three consecutive timed collections, n = 29) or borderline albuminura (mean overnight albumin excretion rate of 7.2-20 micrograms min-1 on one of three consecutive timed collections, n = 30) were followed prospectively at 3 monthly intervals. |
| 12819 | 9300227 | We aimed to determine the natural history of borderline increases in albuminuria in adolescents with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and factors which are associated with progression to persistent microalbuminura. |
| 12820 | 9300227 | Fifty-five normotensive adolescents with IDDM and intermittent microalbuminura (overnight albumin excretion ratte of 20-200 micrograms min-1 on one of three consecutive timed collections, n = 29) or borderline albuminura (mean overnight albumin excretion rate of 7.2-20 micrograms min-1 on one of three consecutive timed collections, n = 30) were followed prospectively at 3 monthly intervals. |
| 12821 | 9300244 | It is not clear how circadian lipolysis and circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are altered in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12822 | 9300244 | Ten IDDM patients on an intensive insulin regimen and eight healthy control subjects were investigated under ordinary living conditions for 27 h by microdialysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue. |
| 12823 | 9300244 | It is not clear how circadian lipolysis and circulating concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are altered in intensively treated insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 12824 | 9300244 | Ten IDDM patients on an intensive insulin regimen and eight healthy control subjects were investigated under ordinary living conditions for 27 h by microdialysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue. |
| 12825 | 9300245 | To improve understanding of this abnormality, Na-Li CT kinetics in untreated erythrocytes and after thiol group alkylation with N-ethylmaleimide were investigated in 18 subjects with diabetic nephropathy, 20 normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects and 18 non-diabetic individuals. |
| 12826 | 9300247 | Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes. |
| 12827 | 9300247 | We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12828 | 9300247 | Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.05), and insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.002) than newborns of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12829 | 9300247 | Offspring of gestational diabetic mothers displayed higher stimulated blood glucose (p < 0.025) than infants of IDDM mothers, while children of IDDM mothers showed higher stimulated insulin (p < 0.025), accompanied by increased fasting and stimulated insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.05 and p < 0.02, respectively). |
| 12830 | 9300247 | In conclusion, a pathogenetic role of fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism for the development of IGT in both groups of infants of diabetic mothers is suggested, in particular for early induction of insulin resistance in the offspring of mothers with pregestational IDDM. |
| 12831 | 9300247 | Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes. |
| 12832 | 9300247 | We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12833 | 9300247 | Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.05), and insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.002) than newborns of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12834 | 9300247 | Offspring of gestational diabetic mothers displayed higher stimulated blood glucose (p < 0.025) than infants of IDDM mothers, while children of IDDM mothers showed higher stimulated insulin (p < 0.025), accompanied by increased fasting and stimulated insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.05 and p < 0.02, respectively). |
| 12835 | 9300247 | In conclusion, a pathogenetic role of fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism for the development of IGT in both groups of infants of diabetic mothers is suggested, in particular for early induction of insulin resistance in the offspring of mothers with pregestational IDDM. |
| 12836 | 9300247 | Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes. |
| 12837 | 9300247 | We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12838 | 9300247 | Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.05), and insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.002) than newborns of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12839 | 9300247 | Offspring of gestational diabetic mothers displayed higher stimulated blood glucose (p < 0.025) than infants of IDDM mothers, while children of IDDM mothers showed higher stimulated insulin (p < 0.025), accompanied by increased fasting and stimulated insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.05 and p < 0.02, respectively). |
| 12840 | 9300247 | In conclusion, a pathogenetic role of fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism for the development of IGT in both groups of infants of diabetic mothers is suggested, in particular for early induction of insulin resistance in the offspring of mothers with pregestational IDDM. |
| 12841 | 9300247 | Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes. |
| 12842 | 9300247 | We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12843 | 9300247 | Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.05), and insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.002) than newborns of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12844 | 9300247 | Offspring of gestational diabetic mothers displayed higher stimulated blood glucose (p < 0.025) than infants of IDDM mothers, while children of IDDM mothers showed higher stimulated insulin (p < 0.025), accompanied by increased fasting and stimulated insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.05 and p < 0.02, respectively). |
| 12845 | 9300247 | In conclusion, a pathogenetic role of fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism for the development of IGT in both groups of infants of diabetic mothers is suggested, in particular for early induction of insulin resistance in the offspring of mothers with pregestational IDDM. |
| 12846 | 9300247 | Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in children of mothers with pregestational IDDM or gestational diabetes. |
| 12847 | 9300247 | We analysed metabolic parameters at birth and glucose tolerance and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance tests at 1-9 years of age in 129 children born to mothers with pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 69 infants of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12848 | 9300247 | Newborns of IDDM mothers displayed higher insulin (p < 0.001), glucose (p < 0.05), and insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.002) than newborns of gestational diabetic mothers. |
| 12849 | 9300247 | Offspring of gestational diabetic mothers displayed higher stimulated blood glucose (p < 0.025) than infants of IDDM mothers, while children of IDDM mothers showed higher stimulated insulin (p < 0.025), accompanied by increased fasting and stimulated insulin/glucose ratios (p < 0.05 and p < 0.02, respectively). |
| 12850 | 9300247 | In conclusion, a pathogenetic role of fetal and neonatal hyperinsulinism for the development of IGT in both groups of infants of diabetic mothers is suggested, in particular for early induction of insulin resistance in the offspring of mothers with pregestational IDDM. |
| 12851 | 9300250 | Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) was assessed before and after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, and before and after pancreas graft failure in five insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients affected by severe diabetic polyneuropathy. |
| 12852 | 9300250 | These data support a positive effect of pancreas transplantation per se on NCV in IDDM subjects with diabetic polyneuropathy, thus demonstrating that metabolic control provided by a self-regulated source of insulin not only halts but also ameliorates nerve function, even if polyneuropathy is advanced. |
| 12853 | 9300250 | Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) was assessed before and after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, and before and after pancreas graft failure in five insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients affected by severe diabetic polyneuropathy. |
| 12854 | 9300250 | These data support a positive effect of pancreas transplantation per se on NCV in IDDM subjects with diabetic polyneuropathy, thus demonstrating that metabolic control provided by a self-regulated source of insulin not only halts but also ameliorates nerve function, even if polyneuropathy is advanced. |
| 12855 | 9311257 | This is useful for distinguishing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from non-autoimmune diabetes and for predicting the prognosis in IDDM. 2) Examinations for assessment of glycemic control: New methods of assessing glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (glycated albumin, 1,5-anhydroglucitol) have been developed. |
| 12856 | 9312166 | Impaired pancreatic duct secretion is frequently observed in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), although the cellular mechanism(s) of dysfunction remains unknown. |
| 12857 | 9313751 | Mitochondrial enzyme activity was determined for cytochrome c oxidase (COX), the subunits of which are partially encoded by mtDNA, and for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), the subunits of which are solely encoded by nuclear DNA. |
| 12858 | 9313751 | Some pancreatic exocrine cells also showed decreased COX activity with high SDH activity. |
| 12859 | 9313751 | In IDDM, NIDDM, and nondiabetic patients without the mtDNA 3243 mutation, only weak staining for SDH of the islet cells showed. |
| 12860 | 9313751 | A characteristic decrease in the mitochondrial enzyme with COX activity and accelerated SDH activity of the affected islets may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diabetes. |
| 12861 | 9313748 | Islet cell antigen p69 (ICA69) is a target autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 12862 | 9313748 | Studies of T-cells from newly diabetic children suggested possible antigenic mimicry between human ICA69 (in particular the Tep69 T-cell epitope, aa 36-47) and the ABBOS region in bovine serum albumin (BSA; aa 152-169), one of several cow's milk proteins that evoke abnormal immunity in diabetes-prone hosts. |
| 12863 | 9313762 | Evidence for association between the class I subset of the insulin gene minisatellite (IDDM2 locus) and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 12864 | 9313762 | Although the shortest (class I) minisatellite (i.e., variable number of tandem repeats [VNTR]) alleles in the 5' region of the insulin gene are positively associated with IDDM in Caucasians, the majority of Japanese are homozygous for class I alleles. |
| 12865 | 9313762 | In addition, we found tight linkage of 1S with allele 9 of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene microsatellite and allele (-) of the IGF-II gene Apa I polymorphism, but neither 9 nor (-) alleles were significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 12866 | 9313762 | Evidence for association between the class I subset of the insulin gene minisatellite (IDDM2 locus) and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 12867 | 9313762 | Although the shortest (class I) minisatellite (i.e., variable number of tandem repeats [VNTR]) alleles in the 5' region of the insulin gene are positively associated with IDDM in Caucasians, the majority of Japanese are homozygous for class I alleles. |
| 12868 | 9313762 | In addition, we found tight linkage of 1S with allele 9 of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene microsatellite and allele (-) of the IGF-II gene Apa I polymorphism, but neither 9 nor (-) alleles were significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 12869 | 9313762 | Evidence for association between the class I subset of the insulin gene minisatellite (IDDM2 locus) and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 12870 | 9313762 | Although the shortest (class I) minisatellite (i.e., variable number of tandem repeats [VNTR]) alleles in the 5' region of the insulin gene are positively associated with IDDM in Caucasians, the majority of Japanese are homozygous for class I alleles. |
| 12871 | 9313762 | In addition, we found tight linkage of 1S with allele 9 of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene microsatellite and allele (-) of the IGF-II gene Apa I polymorphism, but neither 9 nor (-) alleles were significantly associated with IDDM. |
| 12872 | 9313763 | One form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young, MODY3, is characterized by a severe insulin secretory defect, compared with MODY2, a glucokinase-deficient diabetes. |
| 12873 | 9313763 | Because of the rapid progress to overt diabetes and the high prevalence of required insulin treatment in patients with MODY3, we screened the HNF-1 alpha gene for mutations in Japanese subjects with IDDM. |
| 12874 | 9313763 | These results indicate that the HNF-1 alpha gene defects could lead to the development of not only early-onset NIDDM but also IDDM, implicating the importance of subclassification of HNF-1 alpha-deficient IDDM from a classical type of autoimmune-based IDDM in Japanese. |
| 12875 | 9313763 | One form of maturity-onset diabetes of the young, MODY3, is characterized by a severe insulin secretory defect, compared with MODY2, a glucokinase-deficient diabetes. |
| 12876 | 9313763 | Because of the rapid progress to overt diabetes and the high prevalence of required insulin treatment in patients with MODY3, we screened the HNF-1 alpha gene for mutations in Japanese subjects with IDDM. |
| 12877 | 9313763 | These results indicate that the HNF-1 alpha gene defects could lead to the development of not only early-onset NIDDM but also IDDM, implicating the importance of subclassification of HNF-1 alpha-deficient IDDM from a classical type of autoimmune-based IDDM in Japanese. |
| 12878 | 9314633 | Associations of GAD65- and IA-2- autoantibodies with genetic risk markers in new-onset IDDM patients and their siblings. |
| 12879 | 9315476 | The use of three statistical models yielded different estimates of the odds ratio relative to the association between the polymorphism in the HLA-DQ region and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12880 | 9317167 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 and IA-2 beta in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus recognize conformational epitopes: location of the 37- and 40-kDa fragments determined. |
| 12881 | 9317167 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the precursors, respectively, of a 40-and 37-kDa tryptic fragment that reacts with IDDM sera. |
| 12882 | 9317167 | In contrast to IA-2 and IA-2 beta, other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family (i.e., RPTP kappa, RPTPmu, NU-3, SHP, and 3CH134) are completely susceptible to digestion by trypsin. |
| 12883 | 9317167 | Sequence analysis revealed five conserved cysteine residues in IA-2 and IA-2 beta that are not present in other PTPs. |
| 12884 | 9317167 | Reduction and alkylation of IA-2 and IA-2 beta recombinant proteins resulted in loss of both resistance to digestion by trypsin and reactivity with autoantibodies in IDDM sera. |
| 12885 | 9317167 | It is concluded that disulfide bond formation plays a critical role in the maintenance of antigenic structure and that the autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta in IDDM sera recognize conformational epitopes. |
| 12886 | 9317167 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 and IA-2 beta in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus recognize conformational epitopes: location of the 37- and 40-kDa fragments determined. |
| 12887 | 9317167 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the precursors, respectively, of a 40-and 37-kDa tryptic fragment that reacts with IDDM sera. |
| 12888 | 9317167 | In contrast to IA-2 and IA-2 beta, other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family (i.e., RPTP kappa, RPTPmu, NU-3, SHP, and 3CH134) are completely susceptible to digestion by trypsin. |
| 12889 | 9317167 | Sequence analysis revealed five conserved cysteine residues in IA-2 and IA-2 beta that are not present in other PTPs. |
| 12890 | 9317167 | Reduction and alkylation of IA-2 and IA-2 beta recombinant proteins resulted in loss of both resistance to digestion by trypsin and reactivity with autoantibodies in IDDM sera. |
| 12891 | 9317167 | It is concluded that disulfide bond formation plays a critical role in the maintenance of antigenic structure and that the autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta in IDDM sera recognize conformational epitopes. |
| 12892 | 9317167 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 and IA-2 beta in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus recognize conformational epitopes: location of the 37- and 40-kDa fragments determined. |
| 12893 | 9317167 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are major autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the precursors, respectively, of a 40-and 37-kDa tryptic fragment that reacts with IDDM sera. |
| 12894 | 9317167 | In contrast to IA-2 and IA-2 beta, other members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family (i.e., RPTP kappa, RPTPmu, NU-3, SHP, and 3CH134) are completely susceptible to digestion by trypsin. |
| 12895 | 9317167 | Sequence analysis revealed five conserved cysteine residues in IA-2 and IA-2 beta that are not present in other PTPs. |
| 12896 | 9317167 | Reduction and alkylation of IA-2 and IA-2 beta recombinant proteins resulted in loss of both resistance to digestion by trypsin and reactivity with autoantibodies in IDDM sera. |
| 12897 | 9317167 | It is concluded that disulfide bond formation plays a critical role in the maintenance of antigenic structure and that the autoantibodies to IA-2/IA-2 beta in IDDM sera recognize conformational epitopes. |
| 12898 | 9324123 | In the past the opinion prevailed that renal prognosis was less adverse in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as compared with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12899 | 9324124 | Hypertension occurs about twice as frequently in diabetics as in the general population, with a prevalence of approximately 25% in young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 50% in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 12900 | 9329965 | The Long-Evans Tokushima Lean (LETL) rat, characterized by rapid onset of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), no sex difference in the incidence of IDDM, autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and no significant T cell lymphopenia, is a desirable animal model for human IDDM. |
| 12901 | 9334358 | Here we show that beta cells from the pancreata of newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients express Fas and show extensive apoptosis among those cells located in proximity to Fas ligand-expressing T lymphocytes infiltrating the IDDM islets. |
| 12902 | 9334358 | These findings suggest that NO-mediated upregulation of Fas contributes to pancreatic beta cell damage in IDDM. |
| 12903 | 9334358 | Here we show that beta cells from the pancreata of newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients express Fas and show extensive apoptosis among those cells located in proximity to Fas ligand-expressing T lymphocytes infiltrating the IDDM islets. |
| 12904 | 9334358 | These findings suggest that NO-mediated upregulation of Fas contributes to pancreatic beta cell damage in IDDM. |
| 12905 | 9334907 | Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) was evaluated in 150 teenage and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) to define high-risk subjects who are likely to develop early diabetic nephropathy. |
| 12906 | 9334913 | To investigate the natural history of cardiac sympathetic denervation in long-term diabetic patients without myocardial perfusion defects, global and regional I-123-MIBG and Tc-99m-MIBI uptake was determined (score 1-6; 1 = normal uptake, 6 = no uptake) in 22 patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at 3-year follow-up. |
| 12907 | 9334911 | Sixty diabetic patients [39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 21 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)] and 60 nondiabetic patients were examined. |
| 12908 | 9336345 | Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) gene expression is reduced in neural tissues and liver from rats with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and IGF treatment ameliorates diabetic neuropathy. |
| 12909 | 9336345 | Neural disturbances are observed in the peripheral and central nervous systems of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-IDDM (NIDDM). |
| 12910 | 9336345 | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are neurotrophic growth factors that can support nerve regeneration and neuronal survival in the types of neurons known to be afflicted in diabetes. |
| 12911 | 9341777 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice develop spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the pancreas-infiltrating T cells invariably show a Th1 phenotype. |
| 12912 | 9341777 | To study the involvement of Th1 and Th2 cells in the initiation and progression of IDDM, we targeted endogenous IL-12 by administration of (p40)2 in NOD mice. |
| 12913 | 9341777 | (p40)2 administration to NOD mice inhibits interferon-gamma but not IL-10 production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or to the putative autoantigen IA-2. |
| 12914 | 9341777 | Administration of (p40)2 from 3 weeks of age onwards, before the onset of insulitis, results in the deviation of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ but not CD8+ cells to the Th2 phenotype as well as in the reduction of spontaneous and cyclophosphamide-accelerated IDDM. |
| 12915 | 9341777 | After treating NOD mice with (p40)2 from 9 weeks of age, when insulitis is well established, few Th2 and a reduced percentage of Th1 cells are found in the pancreas. |
| 12916 | 9341777 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice develop spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the pancreas-infiltrating T cells invariably show a Th1 phenotype. |
| 12917 | 9341777 | To study the involvement of Th1 and Th2 cells in the initiation and progression of IDDM, we targeted endogenous IL-12 by administration of (p40)2 in NOD mice. |
| 12918 | 9341777 | (p40)2 administration to NOD mice inhibits interferon-gamma but not IL-10 production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or to the putative autoantigen IA-2. |
| 12919 | 9341777 | Administration of (p40)2 from 3 weeks of age onwards, before the onset of insulitis, results in the deviation of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ but not CD8+ cells to the Th2 phenotype as well as in the reduction of spontaneous and cyclophosphamide-accelerated IDDM. |
| 12920 | 9341777 | After treating NOD mice with (p40)2 from 9 weeks of age, when insulitis is well established, few Th2 and a reduced percentage of Th1 cells are found in the pancreas. |
| 12921 | 9341777 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice develop spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the pancreas-infiltrating T cells invariably show a Th1 phenotype. |
| 12922 | 9341777 | To study the involvement of Th1 and Th2 cells in the initiation and progression of IDDM, we targeted endogenous IL-12 by administration of (p40)2 in NOD mice. |
| 12923 | 9341777 | (p40)2 administration to NOD mice inhibits interferon-gamma but not IL-10 production in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or to the putative autoantigen IA-2. |
| 12924 | 9341777 | Administration of (p40)2 from 3 weeks of age onwards, before the onset of insulitis, results in the deviation of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ but not CD8+ cells to the Th2 phenotype as well as in the reduction of spontaneous and cyclophosphamide-accelerated IDDM. |
| 12925 | 9341777 | After treating NOD mice with (p40)2 from 9 weeks of age, when insulitis is well established, few Th2 and a reduced percentage of Th1 cells are found in the pancreas. |
| 12926 | 9342540 | Hypoglycaemia unawareness, a frequent syndrome in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), involves a decrease or absence of perception of specific symptoms which normally inform the subject that plasma glucose is decreasing to dangerous levels leading to neuroglycopenia. |
| 12927 | 9342542 | Influence of metabolic and genetic factors on tumour necrosis factor-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha production in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12928 | 9342542 | The potential role of tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) in autoimmunity and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) led us to determine in vitro TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha, TNF-beta) production in IDDM patients according to TNF polymorphism. |
| 12929 | 9342542 | A study of the microsatellite TNFa region close to the LTA gene showed that the presence of the TNFa1 allele in HLA-(DR3) subjects was associated with increased risk of IDDM. |
| 12930 | 9342542 | These results indicate that low LT-alpha production is an additional risk factor for IDDM and that poor glycaemic control in patients is associated with enhanced PBMC TNF-alpha production which causes an imbalance between TNF-alpha and LT-alpha production in IDDM patient. |
| 12931 | 9342542 | Influence of metabolic and genetic factors on tumour necrosis factor-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha production in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12932 | 9342542 | The potential role of tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) in autoimmunity and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) led us to determine in vitro TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha, TNF-beta) production in IDDM patients according to TNF polymorphism. |
| 12933 | 9342542 | A study of the microsatellite TNFa region close to the LTA gene showed that the presence of the TNFa1 allele in HLA-(DR3) subjects was associated with increased risk of IDDM. |
| 12934 | 9342542 | These results indicate that low LT-alpha production is an additional risk factor for IDDM and that poor glycaemic control in patients is associated with enhanced PBMC TNF-alpha production which causes an imbalance between TNF-alpha and LT-alpha production in IDDM patient. |
| 12935 | 9342542 | Influence of metabolic and genetic factors on tumour necrosis factor-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha production in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 12936 | 9342542 | The potential role of tumour necrosis factors (TNFs) in autoimmunity and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) led us to determine in vitro TNF-alpha and lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-alpha, TNF-beta) production in IDDM patients according to TNF polymorphism. |
| 12937 | 9342542 | A study of the microsatellite TNFa region close to the LTA gene showed that the presence of the TNFa1 allele in HLA-(DR3) subjects was associated with increased risk of IDDM. |
| 12938 | 9342542 | These results indicate that low LT-alpha production is an additional risk factor for IDDM and that poor glycaemic control in patients is associated with enhanced PBMC TNF-alpha production which causes an imbalance between TNF-alpha and LT-alpha production in IDDM patient. |
| 12939 | 9342545 | To determine whether improved metabolic control during the first two years of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) modified beta cell function, we studied 108 subjects with recent-onset IDDM diagnosed between March 1986 and April 1992 and followed up prospectively for 2 years. |
| 12940 | 9344701 | The prevalence of anti-GAD in NIDDM-SF, NIDDM, and new-onset (within 1 year after onset) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was 9.3% (39/420), 3.1% (12/392), and 65.0% (13/20), respectively. |
| 12941 | 9344701 | HLA-DRB1 allele typing revealed that NIDDM-SF patients positive for anti-GAD were significantly associated with DRB1*0901 (RR = 2.81, P < 0.01), which is one of the susceptible alleles to IDDM. |
| 12942 | 9344701 | The prevalence of anti-GAD in NIDDM-SF, NIDDM, and new-onset (within 1 year after onset) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was 9.3% (39/420), 3.1% (12/392), and 65.0% (13/20), respectively. |
| 12943 | 9344701 | HLA-DRB1 allele typing revealed that NIDDM-SF patients positive for anti-GAD were significantly associated with DRB1*0901 (RR = 2.81, P < 0.01), which is one of the susceptible alleles to IDDM. |
| 12944 | 9347242 | Two patients with longstanding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy leading to poor vision each developed a swollen and relatively painless foot. |
| 12945 | 9349592 | The effect of portal and peripheral insulin delivery on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in a miniature pig model of human IDDM. |
| 12946 | 9349597 | We studied the serum levels of the soluble leucocyte adhesion molecules soluble E-Selectin, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the serum of 93 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and varying degrees of retinopathy and 47 healthy age and sex matched control subjects. |
| 12947 | 9349601 | Life expectancy is shorter in the subset of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who are susceptible to kidney disease. |
| 12948 | 9349601 | In this study the prevalence of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity and of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was compared in the parents of 31 IDDM patients with elevated albumin excretion rate (AER > 45 microg/min; group A) with that of parents of 31 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (AER < 20 microg/min; group B). |
| 12949 | 9349601 | Life expectancy is shorter in the subset of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who are susceptible to kidney disease. |
| 12950 | 9349601 | In this study the prevalence of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity and of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was compared in the parents of 31 IDDM patients with elevated albumin excretion rate (AER > 45 microg/min; group A) with that of parents of 31 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (AER < 20 microg/min; group B). |
| 12951 | 9349605 | Protein intake and urinary albumin excretion rates in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 12952 | 9349605 | For people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) renal disease represents a life-threatening and costly complication. |
| 12953 | 9349605 | Protein intake and urinary albumin excretion rates in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 12954 | 9349605 | For people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) renal disease represents a life-threatening and costly complication. |
| 12955 | 9350449 | Many human insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) genes have recently been mapped. |
| 12956 | 9350450 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the autoimmune destruction of the endocrine (beta) cells responsible for the secretion of insulin. |
| 12957 | 9350451 | Sardinia and Finland have the highest incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the world. |
| 12958 | 9350451 | We report here our initial results, which show that progression to IDDM is accompanied in both cohorts by the presence of a combination of islet-cell antibodies with either glutamic acid decarboxylase or IA-2 antibodies or both. |
| 12959 | 9350451 | This approach should lead to the design of reliable models of IDDM prediction in the general population, which will benefit an early insulin treatment and, hopefully, an effective prevention of the disease. |
| 12960 | 9350451 | Sardinia and Finland have the highest incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the world. |
| 12961 | 9350451 | We report here our initial results, which show that progression to IDDM is accompanied in both cohorts by the presence of a combination of islet-cell antibodies with either glutamic acid decarboxylase or IA-2 antibodies or both. |
| 12962 | 9350451 | This approach should lead to the design of reliable models of IDDM prediction in the general population, which will benefit an early insulin treatment and, hopefully, an effective prevention of the disease. |
| 12963 | 9350451 | Sardinia and Finland have the highest incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the world. |
| 12964 | 9350451 | We report here our initial results, which show that progression to IDDM is accompanied in both cohorts by the presence of a combination of islet-cell antibodies with either glutamic acid decarboxylase or IA-2 antibodies or both. |
| 12965 | 9350451 | This approach should lead to the design of reliable models of IDDM prediction in the general population, which will benefit an early insulin treatment and, hopefully, an effective prevention of the disease. |
| 12966 | 9350453 | There are many reasons for a specific management plan for adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12967 | 9352246 | There is experimental evidence of decreased beta-adrenergic myocardial sensitivity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 12968 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12969 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 12970 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 12971 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 12972 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 12973 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 12974 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12975 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12976 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 12977 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 12978 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 12979 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 12980 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 12981 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12982 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12983 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 12984 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 12985 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 12986 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 12987 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 12988 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12989 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12990 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 12991 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 12992 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 12993 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 12994 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 12995 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12996 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 12997 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 12998 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 12999 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 13000 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 13001 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 13002 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 13003 | 9354805 | The IDDM2 type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus was mapped to and identified as allelic variation at the insulin gene (INS) VNTR regulatory polymorphism. |
| 13004 | 9354852 | Angiotensin I-converting enzyme-gene-polymorphism: relationship to albumin excretion and blood pressure in pediatric patients with type-I-diabetes mellitus. |
| 13005 | 9354852 | Age-related blood pressure and nocturnal albumin excretion rate were compared with the insertion/deletion-(I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme gene. |
| 13006 | 9354852 | Neither in the entire group, nor in patients with IDDM for more than 5 years, was a correlation found bet-ween allele distribution and albumin excretion rate. |
| 13007 | 9356015 | In 256 children with IDDM, levels of antibodies > or =97.5th centile of the schoolchild population were found in 225 (88%) for islet cell antibodies (ICAs), in 190 (74%) for antibodies to GAD, in 193 (75%) for antibodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2), and in 177 (69%) for autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs). |
| 13008 | 9356015 | Estimates of risk of progression to IDDM within 10 years, derived by comparing the distribution of antibody markers in the two populations (schoolchildren and children with IDDM), were 6.7% (ICAs), 6.6% (GAD antibodies), 5.6% (IA-2 antibodies), and 4.8% (IAAs) for schoolchildren with levels above the 97.5th centile, increasing to 20, 23, 24, and 11%, respectively, for antibody levels >99.5th centile. |
| 13009 | 9356015 | Strategies based on detection of > or =2 antibodies with primary testing for GAD and IA-2 antibodies and second line testing for ICAs and/or IAAs were evaluated. |
| 13010 | 9356015 | Detection of at least two markers selected from GAD antibodies > or =97.5th centile and/or IA-2 antibodies > or =99.5th centile and/or ICAs > or =97.5th centile identified 0.25% of schoolchildren and 83% of children with newly diagnosed IDDM, with an estimated risk of 71% (95% CI 57-91). |
| 13011 | 9356015 | In 256 children with IDDM, levels of antibodies > or =97.5th centile of the schoolchild population were found in 225 (88%) for islet cell antibodies (ICAs), in 190 (74%) for antibodies to GAD, in 193 (75%) for antibodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2), and in 177 (69%) for autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs). |
| 13012 | 9356015 | Estimates of risk of progression to IDDM within 10 years, derived by comparing the distribution of antibody markers in the two populations (schoolchildren and children with IDDM), were 6.7% (ICAs), 6.6% (GAD antibodies), 5.6% (IA-2 antibodies), and 4.8% (IAAs) for schoolchildren with levels above the 97.5th centile, increasing to 20, 23, 24, and 11%, respectively, for antibody levels >99.5th centile. |
| 13013 | 9356015 | Strategies based on detection of > or =2 antibodies with primary testing for GAD and IA-2 antibodies and second line testing for ICAs and/or IAAs were evaluated. |
| 13014 | 9356015 | Detection of at least two markers selected from GAD antibodies > or =97.5th centile and/or IA-2 antibodies > or =99.5th centile and/or ICAs > or =97.5th centile identified 0.25% of schoolchildren and 83% of children with newly diagnosed IDDM, with an estimated risk of 71% (95% CI 57-91). |
| 13015 | 9356015 | In 256 children with IDDM, levels of antibodies > or =97.5th centile of the schoolchild population were found in 225 (88%) for islet cell antibodies (ICAs), in 190 (74%) for antibodies to GAD, in 193 (75%) for antibodies to protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2), and in 177 (69%) for autoantibodies to insulin (IAAs). |
| 13016 | 9356015 | Estimates of risk of progression to IDDM within 10 years, derived by comparing the distribution of antibody markers in the two populations (schoolchildren and children with IDDM), were 6.7% (ICAs), 6.6% (GAD antibodies), 5.6% (IA-2 antibodies), and 4.8% (IAAs) for schoolchildren with levels above the 97.5th centile, increasing to 20, 23, 24, and 11%, respectively, for antibody levels >99.5th centile. |
| 13017 | 9356015 | Strategies based on detection of > or =2 antibodies with primary testing for GAD and IA-2 antibodies and second line testing for ICAs and/or IAAs were evaluated. |
| 13018 | 9356015 | Detection of at least two markers selected from GAD antibodies > or =97.5th centile and/or IA-2 antibodies > or =99.5th centile and/or ICAs > or =97.5th centile identified 0.25% of schoolchildren and 83% of children with newly diagnosed IDDM, with an estimated risk of 71% (95% CI 57-91). |
| 13019 | 9356016 | To examine the significance of cow's milk protein in IDDM, 120 NOD mice were maintained, starting from conception until sacrifice, on one of four diets: standard PMI Picolab Rodent Diet 20, a milk-free modification of the standard Picolab diet, a milk-free diet incorporating 0.036% bovine serum albumin (BSA), and a milk-free diet including 0.036% bovine IgG (BGG). |
| 13020 | 9356786 | In 13 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in 24 subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), in 42 VAD subjects, in 23 VAD subjects with NIDDM, in 15 subjects with CRF and in 12 subjects with EH, we determined the PMN membrane fluidity, obtained marking unstimulated PMN cells with fluorescent probe 1-[4-(trimethylamino)phenyl]-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH), and considering the fluorescence polarization degree, and the PMN cytosolic Ca2+ content, obtained marking unstimulated PMN cells with the fluorescent probe Fura2-AM and considering the ratio between the Fura2-Ca2+ complex and the unchelated Fura 2 fluorescence intensity. |
| 13021 | 9358075 | Modifications induced by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on human placental Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase. |
| 13022 | 9358075 | We purified Na+/K+-ATPase from term placentas of six healthy women and six age-matched women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in good metabolic control. |
| 13023 | 9361969 | Genes in the HLA complex are associated with susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13024 | 9361969 | To address this question in an ethnically homogeneous population (Norwegian), we have DPA1 and DPB1 genotyped 237 IDDM patients and 287 DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 matched controls, carrying high risk DR3/4 or DR4/4 genotypes. |
| 13025 | 9361969 | Genes in the HLA complex are associated with susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13026 | 9361969 | To address this question in an ethnically homogeneous population (Norwegian), we have DPA1 and DPB1 genotyped 237 IDDM patients and 287 DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 matched controls, carrying high risk DR3/4 or DR4/4 genotypes. |
| 13027 | 9362257 | Experiments were designed to determine whether insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) alters direct chronotropic effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agonists and whether the observed changes are associated with hyperglycemia or combined hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. |
| 13028 | 9362257 | The sensitivity to the negative chronotropic action of acetylcholine was enhanced by IDDM, whereas the response to carbachol (a cholinergic agonist not readily metabolized by acetylcholinesterase) was not changed. |
| 13029 | 9362257 | Experiments were designed to determine whether insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) alters direct chronotropic effects of adrenergic and cholinergic agonists and whether the observed changes are associated with hyperglycemia or combined hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. |
| 13030 | 9362257 | The sensitivity to the negative chronotropic action of acetylcholine was enhanced by IDDM, whereas the response to carbachol (a cholinergic agonist not readily metabolized by acetylcholinesterase) was not changed. |
| 13031 | 9362527 | It has been established that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice results from a CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-dependent autoimmune process directed against the pancreatic beta cells. |
| 13032 | 9362527 | The precise roles that beta cell-reactive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells play in the disease process, however, remain ill defined. |
| 13033 | 9362527 | Here we have investigated whether naive beta cell-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells can spontaneously accumulate in pancreatic islets, differentiate into effector cells, and destroy beta cells in the absence of other T cell specificities. |
| 13034 | 9362527 | We show that while RAG-2(-/-) 4.1-NOD mice, which only bear beta cell-specific CD4+ T cells, develop diabetes as early and as frequently as RAG-2+ 4.1-NOD mice, RAG-2(-/-) 8.3-NOD mice, which only bear beta cell-specific CD8+ T cells, develop diabetes less frequently and significantly later than RAG-2(+) 8.3-NOD mice. |
| 13035 | 9362527 | The monoclonal CD8+ T cells of RAG-2(-/-) 8.3-NOD mice mature properly, proliferate vigorously in response to antigenic stimulation in vitro, and can differentiate into beta cell-cytotoxic T cells in vivo, but do not efficiently accumulate in islets in the absence of a CD4+ T cell-derived signal, which can be provided by splenic CD4+ T cells from nontransgenic NOD mice. |
| 13036 | 9362527 | These results demonstrate that naive beta cell- specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells can trigger diabetes in the absence of other T or B cell specificities, but suggest that efficient recruitment of naive diabetogenic beta cell-reactive CD8+ T cells to islets requires the assistance of beta cell-reactive CD4+ T cells. |
| 13037 | 9364315 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease caused by a progressive autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells within the pancreas. |
| 13038 | 9365872 | Scleroderma-like syndrome (SLS) may represent the earliest apparent diabetes complication in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 13039 | 9366391 | IL-4 prevents insulitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic mice by potentiation of regulatory T helper-2 cell function. |
| 13040 | 9366391 | Beginning at the time of insulitis, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice demonstrate a thymocyte and peripheral T cell proliferative hyporesponsiveness induced by TCR cross-linking, which is associated with reduced IL-2 and IL-4 secretion. |
| 13041 | 9366391 | We previously reported that NOD CD4+ T cell hyporesponsiveness is reversed completely in vitro by exogenous IL-4, and that administration of IL-4 to NOD mice prevents the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13042 | 9366391 | In the present study, we tested this possibility by analysis of the mechanisms of protection from IDDM afforded by IL-4 treatment in NOD mice. |
| 13043 | 9366391 | We show that IL-4 protects NOD mice from insulitis and IDDM when administered i.p. three times a week for 10 wk beginning at 2 wk of age. |
| 13044 | 9366391 | Thus, IL-4 treatment favors the expansion of regulatory CD4+ Th2 cells in vivo and prevents the onset of insulitis and IDDM mediated by autoreactive Th1 cells. |
| 13045 | 9366391 | IL-4 prevents insulitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic mice by potentiation of regulatory T helper-2 cell function. |
| 13046 | 9366391 | Beginning at the time of insulitis, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice demonstrate a thymocyte and peripheral T cell proliferative hyporesponsiveness induced by TCR cross-linking, which is associated with reduced IL-2 and IL-4 secretion. |
| 13047 | 9366391 | We previously reported that NOD CD4+ T cell hyporesponsiveness is reversed completely in vitro by exogenous IL-4, and that administration of IL-4 to NOD mice prevents the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13048 | 9366391 | In the present study, we tested this possibility by analysis of the mechanisms of protection from IDDM afforded by IL-4 treatment in NOD mice. |
| 13049 | 9366391 | We show that IL-4 protects NOD mice from insulitis and IDDM when administered i.p. three times a week for 10 wk beginning at 2 wk of age. |
| 13050 | 9366391 | Thus, IL-4 treatment favors the expansion of regulatory CD4+ Th2 cells in vivo and prevents the onset of insulitis and IDDM mediated by autoreactive Th1 cells. |
| 13051 | 9366391 | IL-4 prevents insulitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic mice by potentiation of regulatory T helper-2 cell function. |
| 13052 | 9366391 | Beginning at the time of insulitis, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice demonstrate a thymocyte and peripheral T cell proliferative hyporesponsiveness induced by TCR cross-linking, which is associated with reduced IL-2 and IL-4 secretion. |
| 13053 | 9366391 | We previously reported that NOD CD4+ T cell hyporesponsiveness is reversed completely in vitro by exogenous IL-4, and that administration of IL-4 to NOD mice prevents the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13054 | 9366391 | In the present study, we tested this possibility by analysis of the mechanisms of protection from IDDM afforded by IL-4 treatment in NOD mice. |
| 13055 | 9366391 | We show that IL-4 protects NOD mice from insulitis and IDDM when administered i.p. three times a week for 10 wk beginning at 2 wk of age. |
| 13056 | 9366391 | Thus, IL-4 treatment favors the expansion of regulatory CD4+ Th2 cells in vivo and prevents the onset of insulitis and IDDM mediated by autoreactive Th1 cells. |
| 13057 | 9366391 | IL-4 prevents insulitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic mice by potentiation of regulatory T helper-2 cell function. |
| 13058 | 9366391 | Beginning at the time of insulitis, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice demonstrate a thymocyte and peripheral T cell proliferative hyporesponsiveness induced by TCR cross-linking, which is associated with reduced IL-2 and IL-4 secretion. |
| 13059 | 9366391 | We previously reported that NOD CD4+ T cell hyporesponsiveness is reversed completely in vitro by exogenous IL-4, and that administration of IL-4 to NOD mice prevents the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13060 | 9366391 | In the present study, we tested this possibility by analysis of the mechanisms of protection from IDDM afforded by IL-4 treatment in NOD mice. |
| 13061 | 9366391 | We show that IL-4 protects NOD mice from insulitis and IDDM when administered i.p. three times a week for 10 wk beginning at 2 wk of age. |
| 13062 | 9366391 | Thus, IL-4 treatment favors the expansion of regulatory CD4+ Th2 cells in vivo and prevents the onset of insulitis and IDDM mediated by autoreactive Th1 cells. |
| 13063 | 9366962 | Impaired antioxidant defences may predispose to the increased resting and exercise-induced oxidative stress found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13064 | 9366962 | Red cell Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were lower in the IDDM group (P = 0.033 and P = 0.023, respectively). |
| 13065 | 9366962 | To conclude, lower erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in young men with IDDM at rest may contribute to increased oxidative stress. |
| 13066 | 9366962 | Impaired antioxidant defences may predispose to the increased resting and exercise-induced oxidative stress found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13067 | 9366962 | Red cell Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were lower in the IDDM group (P = 0.033 and P = 0.023, respectively). |
| 13068 | 9366962 | To conclude, lower erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in young men with IDDM at rest may contribute to increased oxidative stress. |
| 13069 | 9366962 | Impaired antioxidant defences may predispose to the increased resting and exercise-induced oxidative stress found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13070 | 9366962 | Red cell Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were lower in the IDDM group (P = 0.033 and P = 0.023, respectively). |
| 13071 | 9366962 | To conclude, lower erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase activity in young men with IDDM at rest may contribute to increased oxidative stress. |
| 13072 | 9368234 | Effect of intensive i.v. + oral magnesium supplementation on circulating ion levels, lipid parameters and metabolic control in Mg-depleted insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM). |
| 13073 | 9368599 | The human HLA-DQ8 (A1*0301/B1*0302) allelic product manifests a strong association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13074 | 9368599 | To better define the biochemical properties of IDDM-associated MHC class II molecules, we analyzed DQ8 proteins, in comparison to other DQ allelic products, by partially denaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). |
| 13075 | 9368599 | The human HLA-DQ8 (A1*0301/B1*0302) allelic product manifests a strong association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13076 | 9368599 | To better define the biochemical properties of IDDM-associated MHC class II molecules, we analyzed DQ8 proteins, in comparison to other DQ allelic products, by partially denaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). |
| 13077 | 9368643 | Highly-sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for GAD65 autoantibodies using a thioredoxin-GAD65 fusion antigen. |
| 13078 | 9368643 | Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) are present in the sera of most patients with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13079 | 9368643 | To detect GAD65 autoantibodies (GADA), we developed new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) with a fusion protein thioredoxin-GAD65 (Trx-GAD65) produced in E. coli as the antigen. |
| 13080 | 9368810 | Lifestyle intervention in people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13081 | 9371477 | Repeat measurements on pupillary adaptation to darkness were performed in a cohort of 66 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (initial age 6.9-17.0 years) after a mean interval of 3.5 years, using a portable pupillometer. |
| 13082 | 9371475 | Lack of association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13083 | 9371475 | Several observations suggest that inherited factors are influential in the development of nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13084 | 9371475 | The aim of this study was to determine the role of the hypertension associated angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene A1166C polymorphism in susceptibility to nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13085 | 9371475 | We conclude that there is no significant association between the hypertension associated AT1R gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in patients with IDDM in the UK. |
| 13086 | 9371475 | Lack of association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13087 | 9371475 | Several observations suggest that inherited factors are influential in the development of nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13088 | 9371475 | The aim of this study was to determine the role of the hypertension associated angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene A1166C polymorphism in susceptibility to nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13089 | 9371475 | We conclude that there is no significant association between the hypertension associated AT1R gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in patients with IDDM in the UK. |
| 13090 | 9371475 | Lack of association of angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism with diabetic nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13091 | 9371475 | Several observations suggest that inherited factors are influential in the development of nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13092 | 9371475 | The aim of this study was to determine the role of the hypertension associated angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene A1166C polymorphism in susceptibility to nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13093 | 9371475 | We conclude that there is no significant association between the hypertension associated AT1R gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in patients with IDDM in the UK. |
| 13094 | 9375986 | The regional pattern of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incidence among children in Finland was analysed applying several methods attempting to describe the geographical variation in occurrence of IDDM. |
| 13095 | 9377016 | Electron microscopic study of the surface architectonics and ultrastructure of the peripheral blood erythrocytes in 25 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) revealed that the decrease of the count of disk-shaped cells, increased count of transitional and degenerative forms, and alteration of their ultrastructure. |
| 13096 | 9380421 | From the literature immune abnormalities have been demonstrated "in vitro models" in genetic (type 1), autoimmune (type 2) and metabolic (type 1 and type 2) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and concisely referred in this paper. |
| 13097 | 9384304 | The BB rat model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) spontaneously develops diabetes through an autoimmune process. |
| 13098 | 9389421 | Synergistic effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor genotype and poor glycaemic control on risk of nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13099 | 9389421 | We investigated the contribution of polymorphisms in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) to renal complications in an inception cohort of 152 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients examined 15-21 years after diabetes onset. |
| 13100 | 9389421 | Synergistic effect of angiotensin II type 1 receptor genotype and poor glycaemic control on risk of nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13101 | 9389421 | We investigated the contribution of polymorphisms in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1) to renal complications in an inception cohort of 152 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients examined 15-21 years after diabetes onset. |
| 13102 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13103 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13104 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13105 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13106 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13107 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13108 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13109 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13110 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13111 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13112 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13113 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13114 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13115 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13116 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13117 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13118 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13119 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13120 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13121 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13122 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13123 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13124 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13125 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13126 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13127 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13128 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13129 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13130 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13131 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13132 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13133 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13134 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13135 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13136 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13137 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13138 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13139 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13140 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13141 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13142 | 9389426 | Cross reactivity between IA-2 and phogrin/IA-2beta in binding of autoantibodies in IDDM. |
| 13143 | 9389426 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) possess antibodies to the cytoplasmic domains of two closely related tyrosine phosphatase-like proteins, IA-2 and phogrin, previously detected as 40 kDa and 37 kDa tryptic fragments, respectively. |
| 13144 | 9389426 | A higher proportion of IDDM patients possess antibodies to IA-2 than to phogrin, and autoimmunity to phogrin might arise through cross-reactivity with the highly homologous IA-2. |
| 13145 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 13146 | 9389426 | Analysis of antibody binding to in vitro transcribed and translated polypeptides representing different regions of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 identified five different patterns of reactivity with antibodies in IDDM. |
| 13147 | 9389426 | Blocking studies with recombinant phogrin indicated that IA-2 antibodies recognize epitopes that are both unique to IA-2 and shared with phogrin. |
| 13148 | 9389426 | The amino-terminal 150 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain of IA-2 encompass epitopes that are not represented on phogrin, whereas shared epitopes are localized within the carboxy-terminal 220 amino acids. |
| 13149 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 13150 | 9392135 | [TNF gene polymorphism and IDDM]. |
| 13151 | 9392482 | Susceptibility to IDDM is strongly associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genotypes. |
| 13152 | 9395720 | To compare the metabolic consequences of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), glycemic control and energy metabolism were evaluated in 18 children displaying IDDM and 19 NIDDM adult patients. |
| 13153 | 9396773 | The nature (Th1 versus Th2) and dynamics of the autoimmune response during the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and after immunotherapy are unclear. |
| 13154 | 9397416 | In poorly controlled IDDM, the primary effect of insulin administration is to reduce the increased protein catabolic rate by suppressing the accelerated rate of protein breakdown. |
| 13155 | 9400624 | Synchronous decline of serum-soluble HLA class I antigen and beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13156 | 9400624 | We studied longitudinal changes of serum sHLA levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13157 | 9400624 | A total of 198 serum samples were obtained from 40 IDDM patients before and after IDDM onset. sHLA was assayed by a sandwich ELISA. sHLA levels in IDDM patients at the initiation of insulin therapy (IDDM onset) were markedly reduced compared with those in normal controls (334.2 +/- 26.3 ng/ml vs 492.4 +/- 55.5 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM, P = 0.0038). |
| 13158 | 9400624 | Synchronous decline of serum-soluble HLA class I antigen and beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13159 | 9400624 | We studied longitudinal changes of serum sHLA levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13160 | 9400624 | A total of 198 serum samples were obtained from 40 IDDM patients before and after IDDM onset. sHLA was assayed by a sandwich ELISA. sHLA levels in IDDM patients at the initiation of insulin therapy (IDDM onset) were markedly reduced compared with those in normal controls (334.2 +/- 26.3 ng/ml vs 492.4 +/- 55.5 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM, P = 0.0038). |
| 13161 | 9400915 | While the benefits of intensified insulin treatment in insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are well recognized, the risks have not been comprehensively characterized. |
| 13162 | 9400927 | Ketosis-onset diabetes in young adults with subsequent non-insulin-dependency, a link between IDDM and NIDDM? |
| 13163 | 9401638 | Well-characterized defects in insulin secretion, most notably a loss of glucose-induced insulin secretion, are found in virtually all forms of NIDDM, as well as in early IDDM. |
| 13164 | 9401638 | These include a loss of GLUT2, glycogen accumulation, glucose recycling, abnormal glucokinase or hexokinase, altered mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) activity, abnormal ion channel function and beta cell degranulation. |
| 13165 | 9404682 | Thirty-eight diabetic patients, 15 male and 23 female, aged 20-70 yr, 33 noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, and 5 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, were recruited in this study. |
| 13166 | 9405730 | There is still controversy over the impact of diabetes control and duration on bone mass and growth parameters in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13167 | 9405730 | There was no correlation between BMD and glycated hemoglobin (average life disease or last HbA1 values) or duration of the disease; moreover, no differences in bone mass were found between <3 and >/=3 years of disease duration. |
| 13168 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13169 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13170 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13171 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13172 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13173 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13174 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13175 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13176 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13177 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13178 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13179 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13180 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13181 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13182 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13183 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13184 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13185 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13186 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13187 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13188 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13189 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13190 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13191 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13192 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13193 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13194 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13195 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13196 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13197 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13198 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13199 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13200 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13201 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13202 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13203 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13204 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13205 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13206 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13207 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13208 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13209 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13210 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13211 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13212 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13213 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13214 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13215 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13216 | 9405979 | Persistent GAD 65 antibodies in longstanding IDDM are not associated with residual beta-cell function, neuropathy or HLA-DR status. |
| 13217 | 9405979 | Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. |
| 13218 | 9405979 | Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. |
| 13219 | 9405979 | One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. |
| 13220 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. |
| 13221 | 9405979 | Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. |
| 13222 | 9405979 | GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). |
| 13223 | 9405979 | In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. |
| 13224 | 9405980 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of captopril on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) of normoalbuminuric normotensive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with and without glomerular hyperfiltration. |
| 13225 | 9407413 | Recent studies have further elucidated the association between blood pressure and albumin excretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with (i) normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and (ii) moderate microalbuminuria (20 to 70 micrograms/min). |
| 13226 | 9407413 | In conclusion, interactions between albumin excretion, blood pressure, autonomic function, and glycemic status are already detectable within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 13227 | 9407413 | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) treatment in a small group of normotensive IDDM patients with moderate microalbuminuria reduces blood pressure without attenuating diurnal blood pressure variation, tends to reduce albumin excretion, and abolishes the association between changes in UAE and changes in blood pressure observed in the placebo group. |
| 13228 | 9407413 | Recent studies have further elucidated the association between blood pressure and albumin excretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with (i) normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and (ii) moderate microalbuminuria (20 to 70 micrograms/min). |
| 13229 | 9407413 | In conclusion, interactions between albumin excretion, blood pressure, autonomic function, and glycemic status are already detectable within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 13230 | 9407413 | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) treatment in a small group of normotensive IDDM patients with moderate microalbuminuria reduces blood pressure without attenuating diurnal blood pressure variation, tends to reduce albumin excretion, and abolishes the association between changes in UAE and changes in blood pressure observed in the placebo group. |
| 13231 | 9407413 | Recent studies have further elucidated the association between blood pressure and albumin excretion in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with (i) normal urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and (ii) moderate microalbuminuria (20 to 70 micrograms/min). |
| 13232 | 9407413 | In conclusion, interactions between albumin excretion, blood pressure, autonomic function, and glycemic status are already detectable within the normoalbuminuric range in IDDM patients. |
| 13233 | 9407413 | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) treatment in a small group of normotensive IDDM patients with moderate microalbuminuria reduces blood pressure without attenuating diurnal blood pressure variation, tends to reduce albumin excretion, and abolishes the association between changes in UAE and changes in blood pressure observed in the placebo group. |
| 13234 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF-BB and fibronectin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 13235 | 9407457 | We studied the urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) and fibronectin (FN) in 104 patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, and 28 with overt diabetic nephropathy) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of a long duration and in 30 non-diabetic controls. |
| 13236 | 9407457 | IDDM patients had higher urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF and FN compared to controls. |
| 13237 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and PDGF was elevated in all IDDM subgroups, while FN excretion was significantly increased only in patients with macroalbuminuria. |
| 13238 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and FN did not differ between normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with long duration of diabetes, a group at low risk of ever developing diabetic nephropathy, and IDDM patients with incipient or overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13239 | 9407457 | In conclusion, although longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to further clarify the issue, our results in long-standing IDDM do not support a hypothesis of urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF or FN to predict development of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13240 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF-BB and fibronectin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 13241 | 9407457 | We studied the urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) and fibronectin (FN) in 104 patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, and 28 with overt diabetic nephropathy) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of a long duration and in 30 non-diabetic controls. |
| 13242 | 9407457 | IDDM patients had higher urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF and FN compared to controls. |
| 13243 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and PDGF was elevated in all IDDM subgroups, while FN excretion was significantly increased only in patients with macroalbuminuria. |
| 13244 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and FN did not differ between normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with long duration of diabetes, a group at low risk of ever developing diabetic nephropathy, and IDDM patients with incipient or overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13245 | 9407457 | In conclusion, although longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to further clarify the issue, our results in long-standing IDDM do not support a hypothesis of urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF or FN to predict development of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13246 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF-BB and fibronectin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 13247 | 9407457 | We studied the urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) and fibronectin (FN) in 104 patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, and 28 with overt diabetic nephropathy) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of a long duration and in 30 non-diabetic controls. |
| 13248 | 9407457 | IDDM patients had higher urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF and FN compared to controls. |
| 13249 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and PDGF was elevated in all IDDM subgroups, while FN excretion was significantly increased only in patients with macroalbuminuria. |
| 13250 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and FN did not differ between normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with long duration of diabetes, a group at low risk of ever developing diabetic nephropathy, and IDDM patients with incipient or overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13251 | 9407457 | In conclusion, although longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to further clarify the issue, our results in long-standing IDDM do not support a hypothesis of urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF or FN to predict development of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13252 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF-BB and fibronectin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 13253 | 9407457 | We studied the urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) and fibronectin (FN) in 104 patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, and 28 with overt diabetic nephropathy) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of a long duration and in 30 non-diabetic controls. |
| 13254 | 9407457 | IDDM patients had higher urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF and FN compared to controls. |
| 13255 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and PDGF was elevated in all IDDM subgroups, while FN excretion was significantly increased only in patients with macroalbuminuria. |
| 13256 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and FN did not differ between normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with long duration of diabetes, a group at low risk of ever developing diabetic nephropathy, and IDDM patients with incipient or overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13257 | 9407457 | In conclusion, although longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to further clarify the issue, our results in long-standing IDDM do not support a hypothesis of urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF or FN to predict development of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13258 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF-BB and fibronectin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. |
| 13259 | 9407457 | We studied the urinary excretion of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF) and fibronectin (FN) in 104 patients (52 normoalbuminuric, 24 microalbuminuric, and 28 with overt diabetic nephropathy) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of a long duration and in 30 non-diabetic controls. |
| 13260 | 9407457 | IDDM patients had higher urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF and FN compared to controls. |
| 13261 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and PDGF was elevated in all IDDM subgroups, while FN excretion was significantly increased only in patients with macroalbuminuria. |
| 13262 | 9407457 | Urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1 and FN did not differ between normoalbuminuric IDDM patients with long duration of diabetes, a group at low risk of ever developing diabetic nephropathy, and IDDM patients with incipient or overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13263 | 9407457 | In conclusion, although longitudinal follow-up studies are needed to further clarify the issue, our results in long-standing IDDM do not support a hypothesis of urinary excretion of TGF-beta 1, PDGF or FN to predict development of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13264 | 9410553 | In insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), glycaemic control at the time of inclusion of patients in these protocols, as evaluated by HbA1C, was generally moderate (8 to 9%) despite 3 daily injections. |
| 13265 | 9410554 | Quality of life was assessed in a multicentre random cross-over study (UK-Benelux) of 189 well-controlled IDDM patients undergoing treatment with lispro insulin analog (Lilly). |
| 13266 | 9410554 | Another study showed that lispro analogue, because of its pharmacokinetic properties, can reduce dietary restrictions in well-controlled IDDM patients on intensified insulin treatment. |
| 13267 | 9410554 | Quality of life was assessed in a multicentre random cross-over study (UK-Benelux) of 189 well-controlled IDDM patients undergoing treatment with lispro insulin analog (Lilly). |
| 13268 | 9410554 | Another study showed that lispro analogue, because of its pharmacokinetic properties, can reduce dietary restrictions in well-controlled IDDM patients on intensified insulin treatment. |
| 13269 | 9410902 | Neonatal activation of CD28 signaling overcomes T cell anergy and prevents autoimmune diabetes by an IL-4-dependent mechanism. |
| 13270 | 9410902 | Previously, we showed that T cells from autoimmune nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice display proliferative hyporesponsiveness to TCR stimulation, which may be causal to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13271 | 9410902 | Whereas neonatal treatment of NOD mice with anti-CD28 beginning at 2 wk of age inhibits destructive insulitis and protects against IDDM by enhancement of IL-4 production by islet-infiltrating T cells, administration of anti-CD28 beginning at 5-6 wk of age does not prevent IDDM. |
| 13272 | 9410902 | Thus, neonatal CD28 costimulation during 2-4 wk of age is required to prevent IDDM, and is mediated by the generation of a Th2 cell-enriched nondestructive environment in the pancreatic islets of treated NOD mice. |
| 13273 | 9410902 | Our data support the hypothesis that a CD28 signal is requisite for activation of IL-4-producing cells and protection from IDDM. |
| 13274 | 9410902 | Neonatal activation of CD28 signaling overcomes T cell anergy and prevents autoimmune diabetes by an IL-4-dependent mechanism. |
| 13275 | 9410902 | Previously, we showed that T cells from autoimmune nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice display proliferative hyporesponsiveness to TCR stimulation, which may be causal to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13276 | 9410902 | Whereas neonatal treatment of NOD mice with anti-CD28 beginning at 2 wk of age inhibits destructive insulitis and protects against IDDM by enhancement of IL-4 production by islet-infiltrating T cells, administration of anti-CD28 beginning at 5-6 wk of age does not prevent IDDM. |
| 13277 | 9410902 | Thus, neonatal CD28 costimulation during 2-4 wk of age is required to prevent IDDM, and is mediated by the generation of a Th2 cell-enriched nondestructive environment in the pancreatic islets of treated NOD mice. |
| 13278 | 9410902 | Our data support the hypothesis that a CD28 signal is requisite for activation of IL-4-producing cells and protection from IDDM. |
| 13279 | 9410902 | Neonatal activation of CD28 signaling overcomes T cell anergy and prevents autoimmune diabetes by an IL-4-dependent mechanism. |
| 13280 | 9410902 | Previously, we showed that T cells from autoimmune nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice display proliferative hyporesponsiveness to TCR stimulation, which may be causal to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13281 | 9410902 | Whereas neonatal treatment of NOD mice with anti-CD28 beginning at 2 wk of age inhibits destructive insulitis and protects against IDDM by enhancement of IL-4 production by islet-infiltrating T cells, administration of anti-CD28 beginning at 5-6 wk of age does not prevent IDDM. |
| 13282 | 9410902 | Thus, neonatal CD28 costimulation during 2-4 wk of age is required to prevent IDDM, and is mediated by the generation of a Th2 cell-enriched nondestructive environment in the pancreatic islets of treated NOD mice. |
| 13283 | 9410902 | Our data support the hypothesis that a CD28 signal is requisite for activation of IL-4-producing cells and protection from IDDM. |
| 13284 | 9410902 | Neonatal activation of CD28 signaling overcomes T cell anergy and prevents autoimmune diabetes by an IL-4-dependent mechanism. |
| 13285 | 9410902 | Previously, we showed that T cells from autoimmune nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice display proliferative hyporesponsiveness to TCR stimulation, which may be causal to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13286 | 9410902 | Whereas neonatal treatment of NOD mice with anti-CD28 beginning at 2 wk of age inhibits destructive insulitis and protects against IDDM by enhancement of IL-4 production by islet-infiltrating T cells, administration of anti-CD28 beginning at 5-6 wk of age does not prevent IDDM. |
| 13287 | 9410902 | Thus, neonatal CD28 costimulation during 2-4 wk of age is required to prevent IDDM, and is mediated by the generation of a Th2 cell-enriched nondestructive environment in the pancreatic islets of treated NOD mice. |
| 13288 | 9410902 | Our data support the hypothesis that a CD28 signal is requisite for activation of IL-4-producing cells and protection from IDDM. |
| 13289 | 9416431 | Three Tunisian districts were selected to estimate the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): Beja, Monastir and Gafsa. |
| 13290 | 9416429 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of pancreatic insulin-secreting cells by a T-cell-mediated autoimmune reaction. |
| 13291 | 9416429 | However, recent ongoing trials in humans using oral administration of insulin to prevent diabetes are based on a protective mechanism which seems to depend essentially on transforming growth factor-beta. |
| 13292 | 9419439 | Modulation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice by autoreactive T cells. |
| 13293 | 9419439 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islet of Langerhans. |
| 13294 | 9419439 | Modulation of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice by autoreactive T cells. |
| 13295 | 9419439 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islet of Langerhans. |
| 13296 | 9420175 | The cytokine interleukin 1 inhibits insulin release and is selectively cytotoxic to beta-cells in isolated pancreatic rat islets. |
| 13297 | 9420175 | Thus, two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis of pancreatic islet proteins may be an important tool facilitating studies of the molecular pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2-D gel electrophoresis of islet proteins may lead to (i) the determination of qualitative and quantitative changes in specific islet proteins induced by cytokines, (ii) the determination of the effects of agents modulating cytokine action, and (iii) the identification of primary islet protein antigen(s) initiating the immune destruction of the beta-cells. |
| 13298 | 9421371 | Previous studies have shown that anti-gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) antibody reduces the frequency of autoimmune IDDM in the DP-BB rat. |
| 13299 | 9421371 | Unexpectedly, IFN-gamma markedly reduced the incidence of IDDM as compared with control rats when administered six times per week at a dosage of 280,000 U between ages 30-35 to 105 days or ages 60-64 to 105 days. |
| 13300 | 9421371 | However, long-lasting protection against IDDM development over the 1-year study period was achieved only by the highest dosage of IFN-gamma administered from age 30 to 105 days. |
| 13301 | 9421371 | Ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from splenic lymphoid cells (SLCs) and peritoneal macrophages of the rats treated with IFN-gamma was comparable with that of controls; however, SLCs from the IFN-gamma-treated animals secreted lower amounts of IFN-gamma after stimulation with concanavalin A. |
| 13302 | 9421371 | IFN-gamma treatment also markedly reduced the frequency of phenotypically activated SLC-expressing class II antigens and interleukin-2 receptor. |
| 13303 | 9421371 | Finally, in agreement with the observed antidiabetogenic effects, exogenously administered IFN-gamma induced neither insulitis nor IDDM development in DR-BB rats, a subline of DP-BB rats in which autoimmune diabetes rarely occurs spontaneously but can be induced by administration of polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. |
| 13304 | 9421371 | Previous studies have shown that anti-gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) antibody reduces the frequency of autoimmune IDDM in the DP-BB rat. |
| 13305 | 9421371 | Unexpectedly, IFN-gamma markedly reduced the incidence of IDDM as compared with control rats when administered six times per week at a dosage of 280,000 U between ages 30-35 to 105 days or ages 60-64 to 105 days. |
| 13306 | 9421371 | However, long-lasting protection against IDDM development over the 1-year study period was achieved only by the highest dosage of IFN-gamma administered from age 30 to 105 days. |
| 13307 | 9421371 | Ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from splenic lymphoid cells (SLCs) and peritoneal macrophages of the rats treated with IFN-gamma was comparable with that of controls; however, SLCs from the IFN-gamma-treated animals secreted lower amounts of IFN-gamma after stimulation with concanavalin A. |
| 13308 | 9421371 | IFN-gamma treatment also markedly reduced the frequency of phenotypically activated SLC-expressing class II antigens and interleukin-2 receptor. |
| 13309 | 9421371 | Finally, in agreement with the observed antidiabetogenic effects, exogenously administered IFN-gamma induced neither insulitis nor IDDM development in DR-BB rats, a subline of DP-BB rats in which autoimmune diabetes rarely occurs spontaneously but can be induced by administration of polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. |
| 13310 | 9421371 | Previous studies have shown that anti-gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) antibody reduces the frequency of autoimmune IDDM in the DP-BB rat. |
| 13311 | 9421371 | Unexpectedly, IFN-gamma markedly reduced the incidence of IDDM as compared with control rats when administered six times per week at a dosage of 280,000 U between ages 30-35 to 105 days or ages 60-64 to 105 days. |
| 13312 | 9421371 | However, long-lasting protection against IDDM development over the 1-year study period was achieved only by the highest dosage of IFN-gamma administered from age 30 to 105 days. |
| 13313 | 9421371 | Ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from splenic lymphoid cells (SLCs) and peritoneal macrophages of the rats treated with IFN-gamma was comparable with that of controls; however, SLCs from the IFN-gamma-treated animals secreted lower amounts of IFN-gamma after stimulation with concanavalin A. |
| 13314 | 9421371 | IFN-gamma treatment also markedly reduced the frequency of phenotypically activated SLC-expressing class II antigens and interleukin-2 receptor. |
| 13315 | 9421371 | Finally, in agreement with the observed antidiabetogenic effects, exogenously administered IFN-gamma induced neither insulitis nor IDDM development in DR-BB rats, a subline of DP-BB rats in which autoimmune diabetes rarely occurs spontaneously but can be induced by administration of polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. |
| 13316 | 9421371 | Previous studies have shown that anti-gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) antibody reduces the frequency of autoimmune IDDM in the DP-BB rat. |
| 13317 | 9421371 | Unexpectedly, IFN-gamma markedly reduced the incidence of IDDM as compared with control rats when administered six times per week at a dosage of 280,000 U between ages 30-35 to 105 days or ages 60-64 to 105 days. |
| 13318 | 9421371 | However, long-lasting protection against IDDM development over the 1-year study period was achieved only by the highest dosage of IFN-gamma administered from age 30 to 105 days. |
| 13319 | 9421371 | Ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from splenic lymphoid cells (SLCs) and peritoneal macrophages of the rats treated with IFN-gamma was comparable with that of controls; however, SLCs from the IFN-gamma-treated animals secreted lower amounts of IFN-gamma after stimulation with concanavalin A. |
| 13320 | 9421371 | IFN-gamma treatment also markedly reduced the frequency of phenotypically activated SLC-expressing class II antigens and interleukin-2 receptor. |
| 13321 | 9421371 | Finally, in agreement with the observed antidiabetogenic effects, exogenously administered IFN-gamma induced neither insulitis nor IDDM development in DR-BB rats, a subline of DP-BB rats in which autoimmune diabetes rarely occurs spontaneously but can be induced by administration of polyinosinic-polycytidilic acid. |
| 13322 | 9421429 | The pancreatic islet monosialo-ganglioside (GM2-1), an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) recently shown to be the target of autoantibodies associated with diabetes development in relatives of IDDM patients, is islet specific within the pancreas, and its expression is metabolically regulatable. |
| 13323 | 9421429 | Interestingly, this autoantigen is present in secretory granules similarly to other autoantigens in IDDM (insulin, carboxypeptidase H, 38-kDa protein, etc.), suggesting that the autoimmunity to the components of this organelle may be central to the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 13324 | 9421429 | The pancreatic islet monosialo-ganglioside (GM2-1), an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) recently shown to be the target of autoantibodies associated with diabetes development in relatives of IDDM patients, is islet specific within the pancreas, and its expression is metabolically regulatable. |
| 13325 | 9421429 | Interestingly, this autoantigen is present in secretory granules similarly to other autoantigens in IDDM (insulin, carboxypeptidase H, 38-kDa protein, etc.), suggesting that the autoimmunity to the components of this organelle may be central to the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 13326 | 9421467 | GAD-reactive CD4+ Th1 cells induce diabetes in NOD/SCID mice. |
| 13327 | 9421467 | Although glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been implicated in IDDM, there is no direct evidence showing GAD-reactive T cells are diabetogenic in vivo. |
| 13328 | 9421467 | Splenocytes from this mouse showed a proliferative response to purified GAD, and were used to generate a CD4+ T cell line, designated 5A, that expresses TCRs encoding Vbeta2 and Vbeta12. 5A T cells exhibit a MHC restricted proliferative response to purified GAD, as well as GAD65 peptide 524-543. |
| 13329 | 9421467 | After antigen-specific stimulation, 5A T cells secrete IFNgamma and TNFalpha/beta, but not IL-4. |
| 13330 | 9421467 | We conclude that GAD injection in young NOD mice may, in some cases, provoke diabetes due to the activation of diabetogenic T cells reactive to GAD65 peptides. |
| 13331 | 9421467 | Our data provide direct evidence that GAD65 autoimmunity may be a critical event in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 13332 | 9421467 | GAD-reactive CD4+ Th1 cells induce diabetes in NOD/SCID mice. |
| 13333 | 9421467 | Although glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been implicated in IDDM, there is no direct evidence showing GAD-reactive T cells are diabetogenic in vivo. |
| 13334 | 9421467 | Splenocytes from this mouse showed a proliferative response to purified GAD, and were used to generate a CD4+ T cell line, designated 5A, that expresses TCRs encoding Vbeta2 and Vbeta12. 5A T cells exhibit a MHC restricted proliferative response to purified GAD, as well as GAD65 peptide 524-543. |
| 13335 | 9421467 | After antigen-specific stimulation, 5A T cells secrete IFNgamma and TNFalpha/beta, but not IL-4. |
| 13336 | 9421467 | We conclude that GAD injection in young NOD mice may, in some cases, provoke diabetes due to the activation of diabetogenic T cells reactive to GAD65 peptides. |
| 13337 | 9421467 | Our data provide direct evidence that GAD65 autoimmunity may be a critical event in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 13338 | 9428763 | Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is a disease controlled by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which results from T-cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 13339 | 9428763 | All 56 Valpha24JalphaQ+ clones isolated from the diabetic twins/triplets secreted only interferon (IFN)-gamma upon stimulation; in contrast, 76 of 79 clones from the at-risk non-progressors and normals secreted both interleukin (IL)-4 and IFN-gamma. |
| 13340 | 9428763 | Half of the at-risk non-progressors had high serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma. |
| 13341 | 9428763 | These results support a model for IDDM in which Thl-cell-mediated tissue damage is initially regulated by Valpha24JalphaQ+ T cells producing both cytokines; the loss of their capacity to secrete IL-4 is correlated with IDDM. |
| 13342 | 9428763 | Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is a disease controlled by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which results from T-cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 13343 | 9428763 | All 56 Valpha24JalphaQ+ clones isolated from the diabetic twins/triplets secreted only interferon (IFN)-gamma upon stimulation; in contrast, 76 of 79 clones from the at-risk non-progressors and normals secreted both interleukin (IL)-4 and IFN-gamma. |
| 13344 | 9428763 | Half of the at-risk non-progressors had high serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma. |
| 13345 | 9428763 | These results support a model for IDDM in which Thl-cell-mediated tissue damage is initially regulated by Valpha24JalphaQ+ T cells producing both cytokines; the loss of their capacity to secrete IL-4 is correlated with IDDM. |
| 13346 | 9429894 | Protection from autoimmune diabetes by adjuvant therapy in the non-obese diabetic mouse: the role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10. |
| 13347 | 9429894 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets. |
| 13348 | 9429894 | Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against IL-4 and IL-10 were injected, singularly or in combination, into CFA-treated NOD mice. |
| 13349 | 9429894 | These studies suggest a role for IL-4 and IL-10 in CFA-induced protection from diabetes in the NOD mouse. |
| 13350 | 9433472 | The prodromal period of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by circulating islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) and other beta cell specific autoantibodies. |
| 13351 | 9433472 | Despite biochemical characterization of the major beta cell autoantigens insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and protein tyrosine phosphatase and development of the respective antibody assays, ICA has remained the standard in IDDM prediction. |
| 13352 | 9433472 | Of 57 consecutive new-onset IDDM patients, 55 (96.5%) were ICA positive in the new assay while 51 (89.5%) were positive in the conventional assay suggesting that the sensitivity of TRFI exceeds that of the IAA, GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibody assays combined. |
| 13353 | 9433472 | The prodromal period of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by circulating islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) and other beta cell specific autoantibodies. |
| 13354 | 9433472 | Despite biochemical characterization of the major beta cell autoantigens insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and protein tyrosine phosphatase and development of the respective antibody assays, ICA has remained the standard in IDDM prediction. |
| 13355 | 9433472 | Of 57 consecutive new-onset IDDM patients, 55 (96.5%) were ICA positive in the new assay while 51 (89.5%) were positive in the conventional assay suggesting that the sensitivity of TRFI exceeds that of the IAA, GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibody assays combined. |
| 13356 | 9433472 | The prodromal period of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by circulating islet cell autoantibodies (ICA) and other beta cell specific autoantibodies. |
| 13357 | 9433472 | Despite biochemical characterization of the major beta cell autoantigens insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase and protein tyrosine phosphatase and development of the respective antibody assays, ICA has remained the standard in IDDM prediction. |
| 13358 | 9433472 | Of 57 consecutive new-onset IDDM patients, 55 (96.5%) were ICA positive in the new assay while 51 (89.5%) were positive in the conventional assay suggesting that the sensitivity of TRFI exceeds that of the IAA, GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibody assays combined. |
| 13359 | 9435304 | An unselected population of 755 siblings of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied to evaluate the predictive characteristics of islet cell antibodies (ICA), antibodies to the IA-2 protein (IA-2A), antibodies to the 65-kD isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), and combinations of these markers. |
| 13360 | 9436863 | In view of the reported association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with viral infections, (non-) islet-specific immune changes, and partial immunodeficiencies, we used immunonephelometry to measure circulating levels of IgM, IgG, and IgA in a registry-based group of IDDM patients under age 40 years at clinical onset (n = 397) and in age-matched nondiabetic siblings (n = 316) and control subjects (n = 322). |
| 13361 | 9438201 | Five to 20% insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients do not bear the classical HLA class II DR3 or DR4 susceptibility haplotypes. |
| 13362 | 9439455 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2-antibodies plus glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies (GADA) indicates autoimmunity as frequently as islet cell antibodies assay in children with recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus. |
| 13363 | 9439455 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA), the classical autoimmunity marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are detected in approximately 85% of children with recently diagnosed diabetes. |
| 13364 | 9439455 | Now, antibodies against the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2 (IA2-ab) have been detected in IDDM. |
| 13365 | 9439455 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2-antibodies plus glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies (GADA) indicates autoimmunity as frequently as islet cell antibodies assay in children with recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus. |
| 13366 | 9439455 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA), the classical autoimmunity marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are detected in approximately 85% of children with recently diagnosed diabetes. |
| 13367 | 9439455 | Now, antibodies against the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2 (IA2-ab) have been detected in IDDM. |
| 13368 | 9439926 | Albumin excretion was increased in both IDDM and NIDDM patients with proliferative retinopathy (p < 0.01) along with increased BMI of IDDM and increased insulin requirement of NIDDM patients (p < 0.01). |
| 13369 | 9439926 | Multiple regression analysis showed that proliferative retinopathy with the inclusion of non-proliferative retinopathy of IDDM and NIDDM patients was significantly correlated with diabetes duration, albumin excretion, somatic and autonomic neuropathy (p < 0.01). |
| 13370 | 9439926 | In IDDM and NIDDM patients proliferative retinopathy was found to be correlated with somatic and autonomic neuropathy, albumin excretion (p < 0.01) and hypertension (p < 0.05). |
| 13371 | 9439926 | Albumin excretion was increased in both IDDM and NIDDM patients with proliferative retinopathy (p < 0.01) along with increased BMI of IDDM and increased insulin requirement of NIDDM patients (p < 0.01). |
| 13372 | 9439926 | Multiple regression analysis showed that proliferative retinopathy with the inclusion of non-proliferative retinopathy of IDDM and NIDDM patients was significantly correlated with diabetes duration, albumin excretion, somatic and autonomic neuropathy (p < 0.01). |
| 13373 | 9439926 | In IDDM and NIDDM patients proliferative retinopathy was found to be correlated with somatic and autonomic neuropathy, albumin excretion (p < 0.01) and hypertension (p < 0.05). |
| 13374 | 9439926 | Albumin excretion was increased in both IDDM and NIDDM patients with proliferative retinopathy (p < 0.01) along with increased BMI of IDDM and increased insulin requirement of NIDDM patients (p < 0.01). |
| 13375 | 9439926 | Multiple regression analysis showed that proliferative retinopathy with the inclusion of non-proliferative retinopathy of IDDM and NIDDM patients was significantly correlated with diabetes duration, albumin excretion, somatic and autonomic neuropathy (p < 0.01). |
| 13376 | 9439926 | In IDDM and NIDDM patients proliferative retinopathy was found to be correlated with somatic and autonomic neuropathy, albumin excretion (p < 0.01) and hypertension (p < 0.05). |
| 13377 | 9440375 | Microalbuminuria has a cumulative incidence of > 30% in persons by 25 y duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is a strong predictor of renal disease and mortality. |
| 13378 | 9440375 | A cross-sectional population-based study of Tasmanian adults with IDDM and no previous diagnosis of microalbuminuria was conducted by measuring usual dietary macronutrient intake with a food-frequency questionnaire and defining microalbuminuria as an average urinary albumin excretion rate between 20 and 200 micrograms albumin/min in at least two of three timed overnight urine collections. |
| 13379 | 9440375 | After sex, age, duration of diabetes, daily number of insulin injections, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, frequency of exercise, and smoking status were adjusted for, the adjusted odds ratio for microalbuminuria for the highest quintile of energy-adjusted usual saturated fat intake compared with the lowest quintile was 4.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 20.0; P = 0.03). |
| 13380 | 9440375 | Microalbuminuria has a cumulative incidence of > 30% in persons by 25 y duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is a strong predictor of renal disease and mortality. |
| 13381 | 9440375 | A cross-sectional population-based study of Tasmanian adults with IDDM and no previous diagnosis of microalbuminuria was conducted by measuring usual dietary macronutrient intake with a food-frequency questionnaire and defining microalbuminuria as an average urinary albumin excretion rate between 20 and 200 micrograms albumin/min in at least two of three timed overnight urine collections. |
| 13382 | 9440375 | After sex, age, duration of diabetes, daily number of insulin injections, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, serum high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, frequency of exercise, and smoking status were adjusted for, the adjusted odds ratio for microalbuminuria for the highest quintile of energy-adjusted usual saturated fat intake compared with the lowest quintile was 4.9 (95% CI: 1.2, 20.0; P = 0.03). |
| 13383 | 9440474 | Recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I abolishes changes in insulin requirements consequent upon growth hormone pulsatility in young adults with type I diabetes mellitus. |
| 13384 | 9440474 | To investigate whether recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) has direct effects on the insulin requirement to maintain euglycemia independent of the growth hormone (GH) level, nine subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ([IDDM] seven females; median (range) age, duration of diabetes, and hemoglobin A1C [HbA1C], 16.9 (12.5 to 21.9) years, 11.8 (4.6 to 16.8) years, and 9.8% (7.9% to 14.1%), respectively) underwent two euglycemic studies (6:00 PM to 8:00 AM) after double-blind subcutaneous administration of rhIGF-I/placebo (40 microg/kg). |
| 13385 | 9440474 | Samples were taken every 15 minutes (glucose and GH), 30 minutes (insulin and intermediate metabolites), and 60 minutes (IGF-I and nonesterified fatty acids [NEFA]). |
| 13386 | 9440474 | This difference is related to the abolition of changes in the insulin requirement after GH pulses, and would suggest a complex interaction between GH and IGF-I on insulin action. |
| 13387 | 9441869 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of autoantibodies against mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. |
| 13388 | 9441869 | The mitochondrial enzyme FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGDH) plays a key role in the recognition of glucose as a stimulus for insulin release from the pancreatic islet B-cell. |
| 13389 | 9441869 | In the present study, an ELISA procedure was used for the measurement of mGDH antibodies in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 13390 | 9441869 | These findings indicate that the mitochondrial enzyme mGDH often acts as an antigenic determinant in IDDM, but not in NIDDM, patients. |
| 13391 | 9441869 | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of autoantibodies against mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects. |
| 13392 | 9441869 | The mitochondrial enzyme FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGDH) plays a key role in the recognition of glucose as a stimulus for insulin release from the pancreatic islet B-cell. |
| 13393 | 9441869 | In the present study, an ELISA procedure was used for the measurement of mGDH antibodies in both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 13394 | 9441869 | These findings indicate that the mitochondrial enzyme mGDH often acts as an antigenic determinant in IDDM, but not in NIDDM, patients. |
| 13395 | 9442461 | We evaluated plasma, erythrocyte and platelet magnesium levels in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with normoalbuminuria (N = 10), microalbuminuria (N = 10), and clinical proteinuria (N = 7), and in a group of healthy subjects (N = 10). |
| 13396 | 9442803 | We determined the distribution of DR4 subtypes in 309 DQB1*0302-positive haplotypes found in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 70 control haplotypes present only in healthy family members. |
| 13397 | 9442803 | HLA-B39 was more frequent in DRB1*0404-DQB1*0302-positive IDDM haplotypes compared with control ones (37.0% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.049), suggesting an involvement of the region telomeric to HLA-DRB1 in the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 13398 | 9442803 | We determined the distribution of DR4 subtypes in 309 DQB1*0302-positive haplotypes found in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 70 control haplotypes present only in healthy family members. |
| 13399 | 9442803 | HLA-B39 was more frequent in DRB1*0404-DQB1*0302-positive IDDM haplotypes compared with control ones (37.0% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.049), suggesting an involvement of the region telomeric to HLA-DRB1 in the susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 13400 | 9442805 | No association or linkage to IDDM of an interferon regulatory factor-1 gene polymorphism in a Danish population. |
| 13401 | 9442805 | It has been shown that the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced in islets of Langerhans by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). |
| 13402 | 9442805 | Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), a transcriptional factor known to play an essential role in the induction of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, has also been shown to be induced by IL-1 beta in isolated islets of Langerhans. |
| 13403 | 9442805 | We typed 123 Danish Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) multiplex families (550 individuals including 271 diabetic patients) and 108 control subjects of Danish Caucasian origin. |
| 13404 | 9442805 | Even though we could not associate the GT-repeat polymorphism to IDDM in this study, additional mutation screening is warranted, as we still think the IRF-1 gene is a potential candidate gene for IDDM. |
| 13405 | 9442805 | No association or linkage to IDDM of an interferon regulatory factor-1 gene polymorphism in a Danish population. |
| 13406 | 9442805 | It has been shown that the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced in islets of Langerhans by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). |
| 13407 | 9442805 | Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), a transcriptional factor known to play an essential role in the induction of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, has also been shown to be induced by IL-1 beta in isolated islets of Langerhans. |
| 13408 | 9442805 | We typed 123 Danish Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) multiplex families (550 individuals including 271 diabetic patients) and 108 control subjects of Danish Caucasian origin. |
| 13409 | 9442805 | Even though we could not associate the GT-repeat polymorphism to IDDM in this study, additional mutation screening is warranted, as we still think the IRF-1 gene is a potential candidate gene for IDDM. |
| 13410 | 9442805 | No association or linkage to IDDM of an interferon regulatory factor-1 gene polymorphism in a Danish population. |
| 13411 | 9442805 | It has been shown that the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced in islets of Langerhans by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta). |
| 13412 | 9442805 | Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), a transcriptional factor known to play an essential role in the induction of the inducible nitric oxide synthase, has also been shown to be induced by IL-1 beta in isolated islets of Langerhans. |
| 13413 | 9442805 | We typed 123 Danish Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) multiplex families (550 individuals including 271 diabetic patients) and 108 control subjects of Danish Caucasian origin. |
| 13414 | 9442805 | Even though we could not associate the GT-repeat polymorphism to IDDM in this study, additional mutation screening is warranted, as we still think the IRF-1 gene is a potential candidate gene for IDDM. |
| 13415 | 9442806 | These data provide further evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) HLA class II susceptibility alleles cannot serve as genetic markers for susceptibility to glucose intolerance during pregnancy. |
| 13416 | 9442809 | Among clinical variables, treatment with insulin for IDDM and NIDDM patients was an important predictor of lower extremity complications compared to NIDDM patients not being treated with insulin. |
| 13417 | 9442813 | Clinical parameters, including quantitative hand movement and electromyogram, were followed over a decade of continuous ARI treatment with sorbinil (400 mg/day) in two patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and severe compromising LJM, and compared to the published 10-year prospective investigation of untreated IDDM diabetic patients with LJM. |
| 13418 | 9444449 | A common treatment regimen for patients with either insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a combination of rapid-acting insulin and intermediate-acting insulin administered twice each day. |
| 13419 | 9444449 | In 707 randomized patients, 379 with IDDM and 328 with NIDDM, we studied the effect of twice-daily insulin lispro or regular human insulin in combination with NPH human insulin (isophane insulin) on premeal, 2-hour postprandial, and bedtime glycemic control. |
| 13420 | 9444449 | Assessments were based on the results of a seven-point blood glucose profile, the insulin dose (by formulation and time of administration), the incidence and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, and the glycated hemoglobin value. |
| 13421 | 9444449 | A common treatment regimen for patients with either insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a combination of rapid-acting insulin and intermediate-acting insulin administered twice each day. |
| 13422 | 9444449 | In 707 randomized patients, 379 with IDDM and 328 with NIDDM, we studied the effect of twice-daily insulin lispro or regular human insulin in combination with NPH human insulin (isophane insulin) on premeal, 2-hour postprandial, and bedtime glycemic control. |
| 13423 | 9444449 | Assessments were based on the results of a seven-point blood glucose profile, the insulin dose (by formulation and time of administration), the incidence and frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, and the glycated hemoglobin value. |
| 13424 | 9445387 | Suppressive effect of insulin on the synthesis of sucrase-isomaltase complex in small intestinal epithelial cells, and abnormal increase in the complex under diabetic conditions. |
| 13425 | 9445387 | An abnormally high level of the sucrase-isomaltase (SI) complex in the small intestine of rats with streptozotocin-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was normalized in 11 h by the administration of insulin, in addition to normalization of the blood glucose level. |
| 13426 | 9445387 | Thus the synthesis of the SI complex might exceed normal levels in the epithelial cells as a direct result of the depletion of insulin under IDDM conditions. |
| 13427 | 9445387 | Suppressive effect of insulin on the synthesis of sucrase-isomaltase complex in small intestinal epithelial cells, and abnormal increase in the complex under diabetic conditions. |
| 13428 | 9445387 | An abnormally high level of the sucrase-isomaltase (SI) complex in the small intestine of rats with streptozotocin-induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was normalized in 11 h by the administration of insulin, in addition to normalization of the blood glucose level. |
| 13429 | 9445387 | Thus the synthesis of the SI complex might exceed normal levels in the epithelial cells as a direct result of the depletion of insulin under IDDM conditions. |
| 13430 | 9446325 | In the present study, gene-engineering producers for proinsulin and peptide fragments of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the main autoantigens of islet cells responsible for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were prepared. |
| 13431 | 9446325 | In sera from IDDM patients, antibodies to two GAD fragments containing amino acid sequences 1-80 and 151-585 were also detected. 16% of sera from patients with recently developed IDDM and 37.5% of sera from patients with long-lasting IDDM reacted with N-terminal GAD fragment. 12% of sera from group 1 and 45.8% of sera from group 2 reacted with central-C-terminal GAD fragment. |
| 13432 | 9446325 | In the present study, gene-engineering producers for proinsulin and peptide fragments of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), the main autoantigens of islet cells responsible for development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were prepared. |
| 13433 | 9446325 | In sera from IDDM patients, antibodies to two GAD fragments containing amino acid sequences 1-80 and 151-585 were also detected. 16% of sera from patients with recently developed IDDM and 37.5% of sera from patients with long-lasting IDDM reacted with N-terminal GAD fragment. 12% of sera from group 1 and 45.8% of sera from group 2 reacted with central-C-terminal GAD fragment. |
| 13434 | 9447280 | Autoantibody against IA-2 improves the test sensitivity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese patients of child onset. |
| 13435 | 9447280 | We previously reported that IA-2 autoantibodies (Ab) facilitated the diagnosis of Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the number tested was not large enough to investigate whether IA-2Ab can improve the diagnostic accuracy. |
| 13436 | 9447280 | In this report, sera from 78 patients with less than 2 year-disease duration (the mean (range) ages were 19.2 (6-52) years old) were tested in order to clarify that the combination of IA-2Ab and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)Ab would improve the test sensitivity for IDDM. |
| 13437 | 9447280 | We confirmed that IA-2 antibody was detected in IDDM among Japanese, as seen in Caucasians, but the test sensitivity was improved only in young IDDM patients among Japanese. |
| 13438 | 9447280 | Autoantibody against IA-2 improves the test sensitivity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese patients of child onset. |
| 13439 | 9447280 | We previously reported that IA-2 autoantibodies (Ab) facilitated the diagnosis of Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the number tested was not large enough to investigate whether IA-2Ab can improve the diagnostic accuracy. |
| 13440 | 9447280 | In this report, sera from 78 patients with less than 2 year-disease duration (the mean (range) ages were 19.2 (6-52) years old) were tested in order to clarify that the combination of IA-2Ab and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)Ab would improve the test sensitivity for IDDM. |
| 13441 | 9447280 | We confirmed that IA-2 antibody was detected in IDDM among Japanese, as seen in Caucasians, but the test sensitivity was improved only in young IDDM patients among Japanese. |
| 13442 | 9447280 | Autoantibody against IA-2 improves the test sensitivity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese patients of child onset. |
| 13443 | 9447280 | We previously reported that IA-2 autoantibodies (Ab) facilitated the diagnosis of Japanese insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but the number tested was not large enough to investigate whether IA-2Ab can improve the diagnostic accuracy. |
| 13444 | 9447280 | In this report, sera from 78 patients with less than 2 year-disease duration (the mean (range) ages were 19.2 (6-52) years old) were tested in order to clarify that the combination of IA-2Ab and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65)Ab would improve the test sensitivity for IDDM. |
| 13445 | 9447280 | We confirmed that IA-2 antibody was detected in IDDM among Japanese, as seen in Caucasians, but the test sensitivity was improved only in young IDDM patients among Japanese. |
| 13446 | 9447950 | An autoimmune basis for the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is supported by the frequent presence of autoantibodies - islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and GAD antibodies (GADab). |
| 13447 | 9449378 | Rat hepatoma cells were engineered to express, in a regulated manner, mature human insulin as an approach to the development of artificial beta-cells for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) gene therapy. |
| 13448 | 9449378 | A chimeric gene obtained by linking a 2.4-kb fragment of the P-enolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene promoter to a human proinsulin gene (PEPCK/Insm), containing genetically engineered furin endoprotease cleavage sites, was stably transfected into FTO-2B rat hepatoma cells. |
| 13449 | 9449378 | Insulin produced by FTOInsm cells was biologically active because it blocked endogenous PEPCK gene expression and induced glucose uptake and lactate production. |
| 13450 | 9450880 | Effect of adjustment of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13451 | 9450880 | Our objective was to determine the effect of the 20% upward adjustment of maternal serum alphafetoprotein (MSAFP) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the number of patients that would be classified at increased risk for pregnancy complicated by either Down syndrome (DS) or neural tube defect (NTD). |
| 13452 | 9451599 | In order to study cytokine production profile (IFN-gamma, IL-4 and TNF-alpha) and TCRBV-gene usage of peripheral autoreactive T cells from IDDM patients, we have generated antigen-specific T cell lines with either tetanus toxoid, insulinoma membranes or a single beta-cell protein, recombinant ICA69, which has been shown to be a target of both autoantibodies and T cells in IDDM. |
| 13453 | 9451599 | T cell responses against beta-cell antigens and tetanus toxoid (TT) were shown to be associated with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production, suggestive of a Th1-like phenotype of the T-cell lines. |
| 13454 | 9453284 | Molecular biology, gene technology and immunology have extensively clarified the aetiology and pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13455 | 9453284 | Both studies rely on screening of newborn infants for IDDM susceptibility alleles at the HLA-DQB1 locus. |
| 13456 | 9453284 | Meanwhile, in the clinical care of children with IDDM, the importance of intensified and individualized insulin therapy in prevention of diabetic microangiopathy has become increasingly clear, and should be implemented in the care of most paediatric patients. |
| 13457 | 9453284 | Molecular biology, gene technology and immunology have extensively clarified the aetiology and pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13458 | 9453284 | Both studies rely on screening of newborn infants for IDDM susceptibility alleles at the HLA-DQB1 locus. |
| 13459 | 9453284 | Meanwhile, in the clinical care of children with IDDM, the importance of intensified and individualized insulin therapy in prevention of diabetic microangiopathy has become increasingly clear, and should be implemented in the care of most paediatric patients. |
| 13460 | 9453284 | Molecular biology, gene technology and immunology have extensively clarified the aetiology and pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13461 | 9453284 | Both studies rely on screening of newborn infants for IDDM susceptibility alleles at the HLA-DQB1 locus. |
| 13462 | 9453284 | Meanwhile, in the clinical care of children with IDDM, the importance of intensified and individualized insulin therapy in prevention of diabetic microangiopathy has become increasingly clear, and should be implemented in the care of most paediatric patients. |
| 13463 | 9453285 | Only weak associations have been found for particular environmental factors and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13464 | 9453286 | An abundant body of literature suggests that the cellular immune system plays a key role in the autoimmune destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells that results in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13465 | 9453287 | We have therefore developed a strategy to predict T-cell epitopes and applied it to tyrosine phosphatase IA-2, an autoantigen in IDDM, and HLA-DR4(*0401). |
| 13466 | 9453288 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with both antibody and T-cell autoimmunity to pancreatic islet cell components. |
| 13467 | 9453289 | There is strong evidence that the aetiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to a complex interaction between genes and the environment and that the pathogenesis is autoimmune. |
| 13468 | 9453292 | Nephropathy is the major life-threatening complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13469 | 9453292 | Timely treatment with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, independently of rise in arterial blood pressure, should be considered if improvement of glycaemic control and moderate decrease of dietary protein intake for 6-12 months have failed to reduce the albumin excretion rate. |
| 13470 | 9453293 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a subclinical prodromal period characterized by selective destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. |
| 13471 | 9453294 | The first large-scale (secondary) intervention trials have been initiated in first-degree family members of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13472 | 9455929 | In a Hong Kong Chinese population we have detected the 3243 mutation in 2 of 74 unrelated subjects with well characterized insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 2 of 75 unrelated subjects with young onset (<35 years) non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 13473 | 9455931 | Reduced bone mineral density (BMD), termed diabetic osteopenia, has been reported in patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13474 | 9455931 | To examine BMD in long-term IDDM patients with normal kidney function, but with different degrees of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), compared to that of patients with elevated plasma creatinine, 36 IDDM male patients (mean duration 27 years) were subdivided according to UAER (<30, 30-300, >300, >300 mg 24 h(-1) and plasma creatinine 0.120-0.350 mmol l(-1)) and 15 controls were recruited. |
| 13475 | 9455931 | Reduced bone mineral density (BMD), termed diabetic osteopenia, has been reported in patients with insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13476 | 9455931 | To examine BMD in long-term IDDM patients with normal kidney function, but with different degrees of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), compared to that of patients with elevated plasma creatinine, 36 IDDM male patients (mean duration 27 years) were subdivided according to UAER (<30, 30-300, >300, >300 mg 24 h(-1) and plasma creatinine 0.120-0.350 mmol l(-1)) and 15 controls were recruited. |
| 13477 | 9458110 | Screening of the TAP1 gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: detection and comparison of new polymorphisms between patients and controls. |
| 13478 | 9458110 | New protective or disease-associated polymorphisms in the TAP1 gene were sought in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) screening of genomic DNA. |
| 13479 | 9458110 | The TAP1 gene is located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region of the genome and encodes components of a peptide transporter essential for antigen presentation by HLA class I molecules. |
| 13480 | 9458110 | DNA fragments of TAP1 yielded DGGE bands with patterns whose frequencies differed between IDDM patients and controls. |
| 13481 | 9458110 | Sequencing of TAP1 fragments encompassing exon 7 gave rise to a DGGE band pattern exclusively observed in an IDDM patient and sequencing revealed a previously unidentified polymorphisms at codon 518 (GTC-->ATC, Val-->Ile). |
| 13482 | 9458110 | Screening of the TAP1 gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: detection and comparison of new polymorphisms between patients and controls. |
| 13483 | 9458110 | New protective or disease-associated polymorphisms in the TAP1 gene were sought in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) screening of genomic DNA. |
| 13484 | 9458110 | The TAP1 gene is located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region of the genome and encodes components of a peptide transporter essential for antigen presentation by HLA class I molecules. |
| 13485 | 9458110 | DNA fragments of TAP1 yielded DGGE bands with patterns whose frequencies differed between IDDM patients and controls. |
| 13486 | 9458110 | Sequencing of TAP1 fragments encompassing exon 7 gave rise to a DGGE band pattern exclusively observed in an IDDM patient and sequencing revealed a previously unidentified polymorphisms at codon 518 (GTC-->ATC, Val-->Ile). |
| 13487 | 9458110 | Screening of the TAP1 gene by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: detection and comparison of new polymorphisms between patients and controls. |
| 13488 | 9458110 | New protective or disease-associated polymorphisms in the TAP1 gene were sought in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with the use of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) screening of genomic DNA. |
| 13489 | 9458110 | The TAP1 gene is located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II region of the genome and encodes components of a peptide transporter essential for antigen presentation by HLA class I molecules. |
| 13490 | 9458110 | DNA fragments of TAP1 yielded DGGE bands with patterns whose frequencies differed between IDDM patients and controls. |
| 13491 | 9458110 | Sequencing of TAP1 fragments encompassing exon 7 gave rise to a DGGE band pattern exclusively observed in an IDDM patient and sequencing revealed a previously unidentified polymorphisms at codon 518 (GTC-->ATC, Val-->Ile). |
| 13492 | 9458118 | Highly polymorphic promoter regions of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 genes do not help to further define disease susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13493 | 9458118 | HLA DQA1, HLA DQB1 genes confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13494 | 9458118 | Of major interest for IDDM susceptibility are the promoter "splits" of HLA DQA1*0301 (QAP3.1 and QAP3.2) and HLA DQB1*0302 (QBP3.2 and QBP3.3). |
| 13495 | 9458118 | Highly polymorphic promoter regions of HLA DQA1 and DQB1 genes do not help to further define disease susceptibility in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13496 | 9458118 | HLA DQA1, HLA DQB1 genes confer susceptibility to insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13497 | 9458118 | Of major interest for IDDM susceptibility are the promoter "splits" of HLA DQA1*0301 (QAP3.1 and QAP3.2) and HLA DQB1*0302 (QBP3.2 and QBP3.3). |
| 13498 | 9461232 | Diabetic nephropathy is a serious and frequent complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that has a strong genetic component. |
| 13499 | 9461232 | In conclusion, results obtained in our family-based study support a role of the angiotensinogen gene M235T polymorphism, and specifically the T allele, in the development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13500 | 9461232 | Diabetic nephropathy is a serious and frequent complication of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that has a strong genetic component. |
| 13501 | 9461232 | In conclusion, results obtained in our family-based study support a role of the angiotensinogen gene M235T polymorphism, and specifically the T allele, in the development of diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 13502 | 9463577 | The vascular pole area (VPA) and glomerular volume were measured in renal biopsies from 9 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with normal albumin excretion rate (IDDM group 1), 38 IDDM patients with albumin excretion rate > 15 micrograms/min (IDDM group 2) and 10 living kidney donors (ND). |
| 13503 | 9467559 | We quantitated the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of two doses of i.v. insulin (1 and 5 mU/kg.min, 120 min each) and several aspects of autonomic function in 28 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 7 matched normal subjects under standardized normoglycemic conditions. |
| 13504 | 9467559 | Forearm vascular resistance decreased significantly in the patients with IDDM [by -7.1 +/- 1.4 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min); P < 0.001 for high vs. low dose insulin], but not in the normal subjects (-0.1 +/- 2.5 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min; P = NS). |
| 13505 | 9467559 | We conclude that both impaired vagal heart rate control and sympathetic nervous dysfunction exaggerate the hemodynamic effects of insulin in patients with IDDM and could contribute to insulin-induced hypotension. |
| 13506 | 9467559 | We quantitated the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of two doses of i.v. insulin (1 and 5 mU/kg.min, 120 min each) and several aspects of autonomic function in 28 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 7 matched normal subjects under standardized normoglycemic conditions. |
| 13507 | 9467559 | Forearm vascular resistance decreased significantly in the patients with IDDM [by -7.1 +/- 1.4 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min); P < 0.001 for high vs. low dose insulin], but not in the normal subjects (-0.1 +/- 2.5 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min; P = NS). |
| 13508 | 9467559 | We conclude that both impaired vagal heart rate control and sympathetic nervous dysfunction exaggerate the hemodynamic effects of insulin in patients with IDDM and could contribute to insulin-induced hypotension. |
| 13509 | 9467559 | We quantitated the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of two doses of i.v. insulin (1 and 5 mU/kg.min, 120 min each) and several aspects of autonomic function in 28 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 7 matched normal subjects under standardized normoglycemic conditions. |
| 13510 | 9467559 | Forearm vascular resistance decreased significantly in the patients with IDDM [by -7.1 +/- 1.4 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min); P < 0.001 for high vs. low dose insulin], but not in the normal subjects (-0.1 +/- 2.5 mm Hg/(mL/dL.min; P = NS). |
| 13511 | 9467559 | We conclude that both impaired vagal heart rate control and sympathetic nervous dysfunction exaggerate the hemodynamic effects of insulin in patients with IDDM and could contribute to insulin-induced hypotension. |
| 13512 | 9467658 | Dietary wheat gluten has been associated with the risk of diabetes in animal models of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13513 | 9467658 | Cellular responsiveness to gluten was not associated with HLA-DQB1 risk alleles for IDDM in patients. |
| 13514 | 9467658 | Dietary wheat gluten has been associated with the risk of diabetes in animal models of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13515 | 9467658 | Cellular responsiveness to gluten was not associated with HLA-DQB1 risk alleles for IDDM in patients. |
| 13516 | 9469500 | Relationships of cell proliferation and expression of integrin subunits and type I collagen in skin fibroblasts with renal lesions in patients with IDDM. |
| 13517 | 9469500 | Previous studies have shown that cultured skin fibroblasts (SFs) from insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) exhibit both increased proliferation and Na+/H+ antiporter activity. |
| 13518 | 9469500 | The present study correlated the growth rate and mRNA expression of integrin subunits, extracellular matrix molecules, and transforming growth factor-beta in cultured SFs, with the biopsy determined rate of development of DN lesions ranging from slow to rapid in nine IDDM patients. |
| 13519 | 9469500 | Expression of cultured SF alpha3 integrin subunit mRNA levels, as well as type I collagen mRNA (P < 0.05 for both), but not transforming growth factor-beta mRNA levels (Northern blot analysis), were also positively correlated with mesangial expansion score. |
| 13520 | 9469500 | Relationships of cell proliferation and expression of integrin subunits and type I collagen in skin fibroblasts with renal lesions in patients with IDDM. |
| 13521 | 9469500 | Previous studies have shown that cultured skin fibroblasts (SFs) from insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) exhibit both increased proliferation and Na+/H+ antiporter activity. |
| 13522 | 9469500 | The present study correlated the growth rate and mRNA expression of integrin subunits, extracellular matrix molecules, and transforming growth factor-beta in cultured SFs, with the biopsy determined rate of development of DN lesions ranging from slow to rapid in nine IDDM patients. |
| 13523 | 9469500 | Expression of cultured SF alpha3 integrin subunit mRNA levels, as well as type I collagen mRNA (P < 0.05 for both), but not transforming growth factor-beta mRNA levels (Northern blot analysis), were also positively correlated with mesangial expansion score. |
| 13524 | 9469500 | Relationships of cell proliferation and expression of integrin subunits and type I collagen in skin fibroblasts with renal lesions in patients with IDDM. |
| 13525 | 9469500 | Previous studies have shown that cultured skin fibroblasts (SFs) from insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) exhibit both increased proliferation and Na+/H+ antiporter activity. |
| 13526 | 9469500 | The present study correlated the growth rate and mRNA expression of integrin subunits, extracellular matrix molecules, and transforming growth factor-beta in cultured SFs, with the biopsy determined rate of development of DN lesions ranging from slow to rapid in nine IDDM patients. |
| 13527 | 9469500 | Expression of cultured SF alpha3 integrin subunit mRNA levels, as well as type I collagen mRNA (P < 0.05 for both), but not transforming growth factor-beta mRNA levels (Northern blot analysis), were also positively correlated with mesangial expansion score. |
| 13528 | 9471349 | Cardiohemodynamics was evaluated in 129 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by rheopolycardiography. |
| 13529 | 9472156 | It is suggested that the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is due to insufficiency of local immunoneuroendocrine system (LINES), which prevents development of the pathological process in the insular tissue at the very early stages. |
| 13530 | 9472678 | In the present study we investigate whether or not anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) is produced in NOD mice, which is a representative animal model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13531 | 9472973 | The study aim was to measure body composition and fat distribution in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with insulin-dependent ([IDDM] n = 53) and non-insulin-dependent ([NIDDM] n = 32) diabetes mellitus by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. |
| 13532 | 9475255 | A 30-year-old Japanese female developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13533 | 9475358 | To investigate what determines the prognosis of diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, we measured HLA-DRB1 alleles in three groups: 77 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 44 of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic therapy, and 22 of NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents. |
| 13534 | 9475358 | The proportion of susceptible and resistant alleles to IDDM determined the degree of insulin deficiency, and comparison of IDDM to NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents revealed significant differences in DRB1*0405 (P < 0.05; RR = 2.82 and RR = 0.89, respectively) and DRB1*1502 (P < 0.001; RR = 0.02 and RR = 2.19, respectively). |
| 13535 | 9475358 | To investigate what determines the prognosis of diabetes mellitus positive for antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase, we measured HLA-DRB1 alleles in three groups: 77 cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 44 of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with secondary failure of oral hypoglycemic therapy, and 22 of NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents. |
| 13536 | 9475358 | The proportion of susceptible and resistant alleles to IDDM determined the degree of insulin deficiency, and comparison of IDDM to NIDDM well controlled by diet and/or sulfonylurea agents revealed significant differences in DRB1*0405 (P < 0.05; RR = 2.82 and RR = 0.89, respectively) and DRB1*1502 (P < 0.001; RR = 0.02 and RR = 2.19, respectively). |
| 13537 | 9477383 | Hyperglycemia portends chronic complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and substantial benefits are associated with "tight" glycemic control. |
| 13538 | 9478018 | Although mild abnormalities of amino acid metabolism frequently exist in conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), their physiologic and nutritional importance is uncertain. |
| 13539 | 9478018 | We tested whether a tendency toward body N loss can be either masked or revealed in insulin-treated IDDM by changing the level of protein in the diet. |
| 13540 | 9478018 | Thus, even during insulin treatment, the ability to maximally recycle endogenous amino acids is impaired in IDDM, as is the ability to adaptively increase dietary amino acid retention in response to protein restriction. |
| 13541 | 9478018 | Although mild abnormalities of amino acid metabolism frequently exist in conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), their physiologic and nutritional importance is uncertain. |
| 13542 | 9478018 | We tested whether a tendency toward body N loss can be either masked or revealed in insulin-treated IDDM by changing the level of protein in the diet. |
| 13543 | 9478018 | Thus, even during insulin treatment, the ability to maximally recycle endogenous amino acids is impaired in IDDM, as is the ability to adaptively increase dietary amino acid retention in response to protein restriction. |
| 13544 | 9478018 | Although mild abnormalities of amino acid metabolism frequently exist in conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), their physiologic and nutritional importance is uncertain. |
| 13545 | 9478018 | We tested whether a tendency toward body N loss can be either masked or revealed in insulin-treated IDDM by changing the level of protein in the diet. |
| 13546 | 9478018 | Thus, even during insulin treatment, the ability to maximally recycle endogenous amino acids is impaired in IDDM, as is the ability to adaptively increase dietary amino acid retention in response to protein restriction. |
| 13547 | 9478019 | The effects of dietary protein deprivation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been investigated in a merely rudimentary fashion in human subjects. |
| 13548 | 9478316 | The study compares an occurrence rate of congenital malformations in newborn infants of mothers with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and newborns of healthy mothers and mothers with pregnancy diabetes (GDM). |
| 13549 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13550 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13551 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13552 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13553 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13554 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13555 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13556 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13557 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13558 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13559 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13560 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13561 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13562 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13563 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13564 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13565 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13566 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13567 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13568 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13569 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13570 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13571 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13572 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13573 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13574 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13575 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13576 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13577 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13578 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13579 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13580 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13581 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13582 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13583 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13584 | 9480718 | Combined analysis of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies in organ and non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases confers high specificity for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13585 | 9480718 | There is evidence that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop in association with other non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases. |
| 13586 | 9480718 | We aimed to assess whether autoantibodies to the islet cell antigens glutamic acid decarboxylase (Mr 65,000 isoform) (GAD65) and ICA512(IA-2), present alone or in combination, are limited to IDDM or also occur in other organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders. |
| 13587 | 9480718 | ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies were detected exclusively in AITD with concurrent IDDM, but not in other autoimmune diseases without IDDM, whereas GAD65 autoantibodies exceeded the limit of normal in 67.7% (21 of 31) of patients with AITD who also had IDDM and in 5.5% (three of 55) of patients with PBC. |
| 13588 | 9480718 | The frequency of either GAD65 and/or ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies was significantly higher in patients with AITD who also had IDDM (27 of 31, 87.1%) than in those with AITD alone (one of 53, 1.9%; P<10(-6)), but was not significantly different from those patients with newly diagnosed IDDM (418 of 507, 82.4%). |
| 13589 | 9480718 | Neither patients with organ- or non-organ-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM nor healthy controls had autoantibodies against both GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2). |
| 13590 | 9480718 | Despite the fact that one of the two autoantibodies was occasionally detected in patients with non-beta-cell-specific autoimmune diseases without IDDM, combined determination of GAD65 and ICA512(IA-2) autoantibodies specifically identified IDDM in the majority of patients with AITD. |
| 13591 | 9480724 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from chronic, T-cell dependent, autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the Langerhans' islets of the pancreas. |
| 13592 | 9480724 | However, DAP.3Ag7 cells are able to process and present antigen, as indicated by I-Ag7-dependent IL-2 production by a GAD67-specific NDO T-cell hybridoma after stimulation with GAD and live, but not fixed, DAP.3Ag7 cells. |
| 13593 | 9480724 | The IL-2 response to GAD when presented by DAP.3Ag7 was significantly higher than the response to GAD presented by NOD splenocytes. |
| 13594 | 9480726 | It has recently been shown that the T-cell mediated immune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) play an important role in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 13595 | 9480726 | Characterization of these new epitopes will help in the elucidation of autoimmune responses to GAD in IDDM. |
| 13596 | 9480726 | It has recently been shown that the T-cell mediated immune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) play an important role in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 13597 | 9480726 | Characterization of these new epitopes will help in the elucidation of autoimmune responses to GAD in IDDM. |
| 13598 | 9480725 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) caused by T cells which destroy the insulin-producing islet beta-cells. |
| 13599 | 9480725 | Since cytokines are involved in this auto-immune beta-cell damage, we used an ELISPOT assay to enumerate the islet-associated T cells that secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 13600 | 9480725 | We found that NOD females, more susceptible than males to IDDM, accumulated islet IFN-gamma producers more rapidly with age than did the males. |
| 13601 | 9480725 | Acceleration of male IDDM by cyclophosphamide led to a marked increase in IFN-gamma secreting islet T cells. |
| 13602 | 9480725 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) caused by T cells which destroy the insulin-producing islet beta-cells. |
| 13603 | 9480725 | Since cytokines are involved in this auto-immune beta-cell damage, we used an ELISPOT assay to enumerate the islet-associated T cells that secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 13604 | 9480725 | We found that NOD females, more susceptible than males to IDDM, accumulated islet IFN-gamma producers more rapidly with age than did the males. |
| 13605 | 9480725 | Acceleration of male IDDM by cyclophosphamide led to a marked increase in IFN-gamma secreting islet T cells. |
| 13606 | 9480725 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) caused by T cells which destroy the insulin-producing islet beta-cells. |
| 13607 | 9480725 | Since cytokines are involved in this auto-immune beta-cell damage, we used an ELISPOT assay to enumerate the islet-associated T cells that secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-4 (IL-4). |
| 13608 | 9480725 | We found that NOD females, more susceptible than males to IDDM, accumulated islet IFN-gamma producers more rapidly with age than did the males. |
| 13609 | 9480725 | Acceleration of male IDDM by cyclophosphamide led to a marked increase in IFN-gamma secreting islet T cells. |
| 13610 | 9483183 | Islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase II (GAD II) antibodies have been discussed in the autoimmune pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13611 | 9483183 | We describe the autoantibody (islet cell antibody and GAD II) kinetics and clinical course in a patient with newly diagnosed IDDM treated with a specific immunoglobulin apheresis technique. |
| 13612 | 9483183 | Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM), islet cell antibody, GAD II, and C-peptide concentrations were monitored for a time course of 74 days. |
| 13613 | 9483183 | Islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase II (GAD II) antibodies have been discussed in the autoimmune pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13614 | 9483183 | We describe the autoantibody (islet cell antibody and GAD II) kinetics and clinical course in a patient with newly diagnosed IDDM treated with a specific immunoglobulin apheresis technique. |
| 13615 | 9483183 | Immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM), islet cell antibody, GAD II, and C-peptide concentrations were monitored for a time course of 74 days. |
| 13616 | 9483375 | Autoantibodies against mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in patients with IDDM. |
| 13617 | 9483375 | The mitochondrial enzyme FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGDH) plays a key role in the recognition of D-glucose as a stimulus for insulin release from the pancreatic islet B-cell. |
| 13618 | 9483375 | This study reveals that autoantibodies against this enzyme are not uncommonly found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) examined at the onset of the disease. |
| 13619 | 9483375 | Autoantibodies against mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in patients with IDDM. |
| 13620 | 9483375 | The mitochondrial enzyme FAD-linked glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGDH) plays a key role in the recognition of D-glucose as a stimulus for insulin release from the pancreatic islet B-cell. |
| 13621 | 9483375 | This study reveals that autoantibodies against this enzyme are not uncommonly found in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) examined at the onset of the disease. |
| 13622 | 9483420 | The aim of this study was to determine the ouabain receptor density, Na+,K(+)-ATPase function and contractile properties of cardiac muscle in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent rat diabetes mellitus (IDDM and NIDDM, respectively) and the reversibility of the diabetes-induced changes by insulin or thyroxin substitution. |
| 13623 | 9485536 | To investigate whether porcine insulin (PI) and human insulin (HI) have different effects on brain functions outside of hypoglycemia, sleep and the sleep EEG were recorded in eight insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients in three separate sessions of 2 consecutive nights. |
| 13624 | 9487955 | In a study of 58 children under the age of 16 with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) and 172 matched non-diabetic controls, infection during the first year of life was associated with a reduction in diabetes risk (odds ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.67 to 0.98, per infective episode). |
| 13625 | 9492113 | Serum insulin levels at diagnosis may help differentiate between NIDDM-Y and IDDM if the level is elevated, but the serum insulin level is low or undetectable in 45% of patients with NIDDM-Y. |
| 13626 | 9492627 | We present an epidemiological model applicable to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), based on which prevalence rates are estimated from assumed rates of incidence and mortality of diabetes. |
| 13627 | 9492627 | We used epidemiological data on IDDM (operationally defined as insulin-treated diabetes with onset before age 30 years), blindness and nephropathy as well as mortality as reported for the years 1973 and 1987 in Fyn County, Denmark. |
| 13628 | 9492627 | We present an epidemiological model applicable to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), based on which prevalence rates are estimated from assumed rates of incidence and mortality of diabetes. |
| 13629 | 9492627 | We used epidemiological data on IDDM (operationally defined as insulin-treated diabetes with onset before age 30 years), blindness and nephropathy as well as mortality as reported for the years 1973 and 1987 in Fyn County, Denmark. |
| 13630 | 9493510 | To determine the effects of an acute oral dose of glibenclamide on blood pressure (BP), basal forearm vascular resistance (FVR) and FVR responses to the K+(ATP) channel activating vasodilator diazoxide, a placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over study was performed in eight male volunteers with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 13631 | 9494318 | Investigated the role of child temperament and diabetes-related environmental demands on the adjustment of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and investigated the role of these same variables on diabetes control. |
| 13632 | 9495610 | The aim of the present study was to monitor clinical, microbiological, medical, and immunological effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy in diabetics and healthy controls. 20 IDDM (insulin dependent, n = 7) or NIDDM (non-insulin dependent, n = 13) diabetic patients (median duration 11.5 years, range of HbA1C: 4.4-10.6%) with moderate to advanced periodontal disease and 20 matched healthy control patients, were subjected to supragingival pretreatment and subsequent subgingival therapy. |
| 13633 | 9495610 | Periodontal examinations (API, PBI, BOP, PPD, PAL), microbiological examinations (culture), medical routine examinations, and immunological examinations (oxidative burst response of PMNs to TNF-alpha and FMLP) were performed at baseline, 2 weeks after supragingival, and 4 months after subgingival therapy. 4 months after completion of non-surgical therapy, the following compared to baseline significant (p < or = 0.05) changes (delta) of clinical parameters (median) were found in diabetic patients versus control patients: deltaAPI (30.4% versus 36.3%), deltaPBI (22.9% versus 24.2%), deltaBOP (39.5% versus 46.9%). |
| 13634 | 9496555 | The pathogenesis of autoimmune insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is far from being resolved, despite extensive genetic and immunological research. |
| 13635 | 9496555 | Part I of this review (Diabetes Metab, 1997, 23, 181-194) considered the various ways normal beta cells cope with increased demands on their resources in different models of hyperglycaemia in order to provide a better delineation and comparison of the mechanisms implicating these cells in the pathogenesis of IDDM and non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 13636 | 9496555 | The pathogenesis of autoimmune insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is far from being resolved, despite extensive genetic and immunological research. |
| 13637 | 9496555 | Part I of this review (Diabetes Metab, 1997, 23, 181-194) considered the various ways normal beta cells cope with increased demands on their resources in different models of hyperglycaemia in order to provide a better delineation and comparison of the mechanisms implicating these cells in the pathogenesis of IDDM and non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 13638 | 9496688 | Exposure to cow milk (CM)-based formulas in early infancy has been associated with an increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but studies on the possible pathogenic mechanism(s) linking CM and IDDM are contradicting. |
| 13639 | 9496688 | We hypothesized that if CM formulas contained bovine insulin (BI), exposure to them could lead to immunization against insulin, which is the only known beta-cell-specific autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 13640 | 9496688 | The high incidence of insulin-binding antibodies in young children with IDDM may be explained by oral immunization to BI present in CM. |
| 13641 | 9496688 | Exposure to cow milk (CM)-based formulas in early infancy has been associated with an increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but studies on the possible pathogenic mechanism(s) linking CM and IDDM are contradicting. |
| 13642 | 9496688 | We hypothesized that if CM formulas contained bovine insulin (BI), exposure to them could lead to immunization against insulin, which is the only known beta-cell-specific autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 13643 | 9496688 | The high incidence of insulin-binding antibodies in young children with IDDM may be explained by oral immunization to BI present in CM. |
| 13644 | 9496688 | Exposure to cow milk (CM)-based formulas in early infancy has been associated with an increased risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but studies on the possible pathogenic mechanism(s) linking CM and IDDM are contradicting. |
| 13645 | 9496688 | We hypothesized that if CM formulas contained bovine insulin (BI), exposure to them could lead to immunization against insulin, which is the only known beta-cell-specific autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 13646 | 9496688 | The high incidence of insulin-binding antibodies in young children with IDDM may be explained by oral immunization to BI present in CM. |
| 13647 | 9498627 | Acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation is impaired in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and may result from altered nitric oxide synthesis or release. |
| 13648 | 9498628 | It has been proposed that molecular mimicry between protein 2C (p2C) of coxsackie virus B4 and the autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) plays a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13649 | 9498628 | Therefore, we tested whether the PEVKEK motif can bind to the IDDM-associated HLA-DR1, -DR3 and -DR4 molecules. |
| 13650 | 9498628 | It has been proposed that molecular mimicry between protein 2C (p2C) of coxsackie virus B4 and the autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) plays a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13651 | 9498628 | Therefore, we tested whether the PEVKEK motif can bind to the IDDM-associated HLA-DR1, -DR3 and -DR4 molecules. |
| 13652 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13653 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13654 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13655 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13656 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13657 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13658 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13659 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13660 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13661 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13662 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13663 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13664 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13665 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13666 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13667 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13668 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13669 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13670 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13671 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13672 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13673 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13674 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13675 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13676 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13677 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13678 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13679 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13680 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13681 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13682 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13683 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13684 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13685 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13686 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13687 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13688 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13689 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13690 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13691 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13692 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13693 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13694 | 9498633 | Significance of cow's milk protein antibodies as risk factor for childhood IDDM: interactions with dietary cow's milk intake and HLA-DQB1 genotype. |
| 13695 | 9498633 | Dietary factors are suspected to play an aetiological role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13696 | 9498633 | We analysed cow's milk formula, betalactoglobulin, and bovine serum albumin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunoassay in unselected children with newly diagnosed IDDM and in their non-diabetic siblings and inquired about infant feeding practices by questionnaire. |
| 13697 | 9498633 | Among 410 diabetic sibling pairs matched for age and sex, by logistic regression analysis - including overall duration of breast-feeding, age at introduction of dairy products, recent consumption of cow's milk and HLA-DQB1 genotype ("high/moderate" vs "low/decreased" risk of IDDM) - bovine serum albumin IgG antibody levels (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.25-3.57) and genetic risk (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.43-5.17) were positively associated with IDDM; cow's milk formula IgM antibodies were inversely associated with the risk of IDDM (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.29-0.87). |
| 13698 | 9498633 | Of the diabetic sibling pairs, 42 were identical for HLA-DQB1 alleles associated with IDDM risk or protection (DQB1*0201, *0301, *0302 and *0602/03). |
| 13699 | 9498633 | In these 42 pairs, children with IDDM had higher median levels of bovine serum albumin IgG, of betalactoglobulin IgG, and of cow's milk formula IgG and IgA antibodies than the non-diabetic siblings (p < 0.05). |
| 13700 | 9498633 | In conclusion, children with IDDM have higher levels of cow's milk protein antibodies than their HLA-DQB1-matched sibling controls, and these high levels of antibodies are independent risk markers for IDDM. |
| 13701 | 9498634 | Programmes aiming at prediction and prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a multifactorial autoimmune disease, have been launched or are in the planning phase in several countries. |
| 13702 | 9498635 | The aim of this study was to determine whether renal functional reserve (RFR) is altered in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients according to the stage of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 13703 | 9498636 | Genetic susceptibility contributes significantly to the risk of developing nephropathy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13704 | 9498637 | Decreased nitric oxide synthase activity in platelets from IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 13705 | 9498637 | Nitric oxide (NO) produced by platelet nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibits platelet activation by increased cytoplasmic cGMP levels. |
| 13706 | 9498637 | The aim of this study was to investigate platelet NOS activity in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which are characterized by enhanced platelet activation. |
| 13707 | 9498637 | HbA1c levels, platelet NOS and platelet membrane Na+/K+ ATPase activity were determined in 19 IDDM patients, 21 NIDDM patients and 31 healthy control subjects. |
| 13708 | 9498637 | Decreased nitric oxide synthase activity in platelets from IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 13709 | 9498637 | Nitric oxide (NO) produced by platelet nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibits platelet activation by increased cytoplasmic cGMP levels. |
| 13710 | 9498637 | The aim of this study was to investigate platelet NOS activity in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which are characterized by enhanced platelet activation. |
| 13711 | 9498637 | HbA1c levels, platelet NOS and platelet membrane Na+/K+ ATPase activity were determined in 19 IDDM patients, 21 NIDDM patients and 31 healthy control subjects. |
| 13712 | 9498637 | Decreased nitric oxide synthase activity in platelets from IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 13713 | 9498637 | Nitric oxide (NO) produced by platelet nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibits platelet activation by increased cytoplasmic cGMP levels. |
| 13714 | 9498637 | The aim of this study was to investigate platelet NOS activity in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which are characterized by enhanced platelet activation. |
| 13715 | 9498637 | HbA1c levels, platelet NOS and platelet membrane Na+/K+ ATPase activity were determined in 19 IDDM patients, 21 NIDDM patients and 31 healthy control subjects. |
| 13716 | 9498653 | To compare the effects of dietary cholesterol supplementation in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and normal subjects, 10 male IDDM patients in good glycaemic control (HbA1c 7.3+/-0.9%) (mean+/-SD) and normal plasma lipid levels, and 11 control male subjects of similar age, body mass index and lipid plasma levels underwent a double blind, cross-over, sequential study. |
| 13717 | 9498657 | We adopted a Bayesian approach to investigate the geographical distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incidence rate across Sardinia. |
| 13718 | 9498657 | Data on incidence of IDDM in children aged under 15 years (619 IDDM cases) in Sardinia was obtained by the Sardinian Eurodiab ACE register. |
| 13719 | 9498657 | We adopted a Bayesian approach to investigate the geographical distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) incidence rate across Sardinia. |
| 13720 | 9498657 | Data on incidence of IDDM in children aged under 15 years (619 IDDM cases) in Sardinia was obtained by the Sardinian Eurodiab ACE register. |
| 13721 | 9498659 | Microalbuminuria (MA) is associated with microangiopathy (renal and retinal lesions) in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients. |
| 13722 | 9498658 | An insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility gene (IDDM13) has recently been mapped to a region of distal chromosome 2q, which is syntenic to the region of mouse chromosome 1 containing a murine susceptibility gene for IDDM, Idd5. |
| 13723 | 9498658 | Other markers, D2S301 and D2S143, located in the same region were not associated with IDDM, indicating that IDDM13 is in linkage disequilibrium with D2S137, but not with D2S301 or D2S143. |
| 13724 | 9498658 | Demonstration of allelic association of D2S137 with IDDM localizes IDDM13 in the close vicinity (<2 centiMorgans) of D2S137, greatly facilitating fine structure mapping and positional cloning of IDDM13. |
| 13725 | 9498658 | An insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility gene (IDDM13) has recently been mapped to a region of distal chromosome 2q, which is syntenic to the region of mouse chromosome 1 containing a murine susceptibility gene for IDDM, Idd5. |
| 13726 | 9498658 | Other markers, D2S301 and D2S143, located in the same region were not associated with IDDM, indicating that IDDM13 is in linkage disequilibrium with D2S137, but not with D2S301 or D2S143. |
| 13727 | 9498658 | Demonstration of allelic association of D2S137 with IDDM localizes IDDM13 in the close vicinity (<2 centiMorgans) of D2S137, greatly facilitating fine structure mapping and positional cloning of IDDM13. |
| 13728 | 9498658 | An insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptibility gene (IDDM13) has recently been mapped to a region of distal chromosome 2q, which is syntenic to the region of mouse chromosome 1 containing a murine susceptibility gene for IDDM, Idd5. |
| 13729 | 9498658 | Other markers, D2S301 and D2S143, located in the same region were not associated with IDDM, indicating that IDDM13 is in linkage disequilibrium with D2S137, but not with D2S301 or D2S143. |
| 13730 | 9498658 | Demonstration of allelic association of D2S137 with IDDM localizes IDDM13 in the close vicinity (<2 centiMorgans) of D2S137, greatly facilitating fine structure mapping and positional cloning of IDDM13. |
| 13731 | 9499204 | [Is PstI polymorphism of the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene associated with nephropathy development in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (preliminary study)]. |
| 13732 | 9499204 | Diabetic nephropathy is the major determinant of premature morbidity and mortality both in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and in non-insulin dependent-diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 13733 | 9499214 | One of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complications are bone mineral disorders called diabetic osteopathy. |
| 13734 | 9499214 | We observed that BMD in IDDM patients before 40 years old was significantly lower than in healthy subject. |
| 13735 | 9499214 | One of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complications are bone mineral disorders called diabetic osteopathy. |
| 13736 | 9499214 | We observed that BMD in IDDM patients before 40 years old was significantly lower than in healthy subject. |
| 13737 | 9501560 | This review presents the major animal models usually used for the study of the pathological processes related to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and to the main diabetic complications. |
| 13738 | 9507223 | We measured proximal TBM width, glomerular basement membrane (GBM) width, mesangial fractional volume [Vv(Mes/glom)], mesangial matrix fractional volume [Vv(MM/glom)], and cortical interstitial fractional volume [Vv(Int/cortex)] in 35 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and 20 controls. |
| 13739 | 9507409 | In the other patients, all men aged 23-34 years, symptomatic neuropathy occurred simultaneously (patient 2) or 1-6 months after the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (patients 3-5). |
| 13740 | 9507584 | It has been estimated that the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in microalbuminuric IDDM will save 5200 Pounds-11,000 Pounds per year of life saved. |
| 13741 | 9507584 | Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are not free of side-effects, and it is therefore essential, given the intrinsic variability of the albumin excretion rate, and the regression to normoalbuminuria of a significant proportion of patients, to confirm the diagnosis of microalbuminuria by repeated measurements prior to the commencement of treatment. |
| 13742 | 9507584 | Although intervention with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors has not been proven to prevent end stage renal disease, stabilisation of albumin excretion rate and creatinine clearance have been demonstrated in normotensive NIDDM, and it seems likely that longer term follow-up studies will confirm the benefit of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in the prevention of end-stage renal disease. |
| 13743 | 9511982 | Several publications have shown that certain alleles at the HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 loci are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13744 | 9511982 | Therefore, we have reanalyzed the data from the literature on the association of the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1, DQB1, and DQA1 with IDDM in different ethnic groups to determine whether different amino acids in the antigen binding cleft of HLA class II molecules play a preponderant role in the development of IDDM. |
| 13745 | 9511982 | Several publications have shown that certain alleles at the HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 loci are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13746 | 9511982 | Therefore, we have reanalyzed the data from the literature on the association of the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1, DQB1, and DQA1 with IDDM in different ethnic groups to determine whether different amino acids in the antigen binding cleft of HLA class II molecules play a preponderant role in the development of IDDM. |
| 13747 | 9516058 | This has prompted us to measure levels of soluble (s) forms of P-selectin and E-selectin in 18 patients with newly diagnosed IDDM and two years after the onset of insulin substitution therapy in comparison to 18 age-matched healthy control subjects. |
| 13748 | 9516059 | Microcirculation in hyperglycemic patients with IDDM without diabetic complications--effect of low-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. |
| 13749 | 9516059 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in the secondary prevention of microvascular complications. |
| 13750 | 9516059 | Microcirculation in hyperglycemic patients with IDDM without diabetic complications--effect of low-dose angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. |
| 13751 | 9516059 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) have been demonstrated to have beneficial effects in the secondary prevention of microvascular complications. |
| 13752 | 9516065 | Dysregulation of insulin-like growth factors in a case of generalized acquired lipoatrophic diabetes mellitus (Lawrence Syndrome) connected with autoantibodies against adipocyte membranes. |
| 13753 | 9516065 | The patient suffered from the following clinical symptoms: IDDM with increasing insulin-requirement, extreme reduction of fatty tissue, fatty liver hepatitis with elevated liver enzymes, glomerulopathy, muscular and neuropathic pains, as well as hypertriglyceridaemia. |
| 13754 | 9516065 | By studying the basis of diabetic abnormalities relating to the growth hormone (GH), the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) dynamics in this patient, i.e. reductions of GH, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-Binding protein (IGF-BP) 2 and IGF-BP 3, were detected. |
| 13755 | 9519675 | Severe hypoglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)--living to tell the tale. |
| 13756 | 9519675 | The case is presented of a 62 year old doctor with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who experienced severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia following a total intake for the day of fruit and yoghurt (providing 230 kcal) for breakfast, four pints of beer (providing 540 kcal-which included the energy from 37.0 g carbohydrate) later in the day and an evening meal containing approximately 123 g of carbohydrate (providing 1050 kcal). |
| 13757 | 9519675 | Severe hypoglycaemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)--living to tell the tale. |
| 13758 | 9519675 | The case is presented of a 62 year old doctor with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who experienced severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia following a total intake for the day of fruit and yoghurt (providing 230 kcal) for breakfast, four pints of beer (providing 540 kcal-which included the energy from 37.0 g carbohydrate) later in the day and an evening meal containing approximately 123 g of carbohydrate (providing 1050 kcal). |
| 13759 | 9519708 | GLP-1 lowers blood glucose in both NIDDM and IDDM patients and may be therapeutically useful for treatment of patients with diabetes. |
| 13760 | 9519708 | GLP-1 regulates blood glucose via stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, inhibition of gastric emptying, and inhibition of glucagon secretion. |
| 13761 | 9519708 | The short duration of action of GLP-1 may be accounted for in part by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-IV), which cleaves GLP-1 at the NH2-terminus; hence GLP-1 analogs or the lizard peptide exendin-4 that are resistant to DPP-IV cleavage may be more potent GLP-1 molecules in vivo. |
| 13762 | 9519723 | We analyzed 11 markers in the IDDM1 region in 120 IDDM patients and 83 healthy control subjects who were fully matched for the highest risk HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1 *0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 genotype. |
| 13763 | 9519727 | Linkage and association between a CD4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Danish IDDM patients. |
| 13764 | 9519736 | Idd1 has been mapped to a class II gene in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), whereas the products and functions of the remaining Idd loci are unresolved. |
| 13765 | 9519736 | To investigate how non-MHC Idd genes regulate islet inflammation and IDDM progression, NOD mice were compared with the nonobese diabetes-resistant (NOR) mouse, a related MHC-identical strain that possesses a subset of the NOD-derived alleles at the Idd loci. |
| 13766 | 9519736 | Our data define distinct cellular stages of IDDM pathogenesis in which the impact of Idd genes can be readily analyzed. |
| 13767 | 9519736 | Idd1 has been mapped to a class II gene in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), whereas the products and functions of the remaining Idd loci are unresolved. |
| 13768 | 9519736 | To investigate how non-MHC Idd genes regulate islet inflammation and IDDM progression, NOD mice were compared with the nonobese diabetes-resistant (NOR) mouse, a related MHC-identical strain that possesses a subset of the NOD-derived alleles at the Idd loci. |
| 13769 | 9519736 | Our data define distinct cellular stages of IDDM pathogenesis in which the impact of Idd genes can be readily analyzed. |
| 13770 | 9520453 | Approximately one-half of Caucasians with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to insulin, and the majority of those express the HLA-DR4 genotype [Ziegler, R., Alper, C. |
| 13771 | 9520453 | However, it has been difficult to demonstrate T cell proliferative responses to human insulin in IDDM patients [Durinovic-Bello, I., Hummel, M. |
| 13772 | 9520453 | We have immunized transgenic mice expressing the susceptible HLA-DR (alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter called DRB1*0401) and human CD4 molecules on a murine major histocompatibility complex class II null background, with human preproinsulin (PPI), proinsulin (PI), and insulin and derived large panels of T cell hybridomas to determine the immunogenic epitopes of these proteins. |
| 13773 | 9520453 | These findings may partly explain why susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is associated with HLA-DR4-positive individuals and why T cell responses to the mature insulin protein are rarely detected in IDDM patients. |
| 13774 | 9520453 | Approximately one-half of Caucasians with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to insulin, and the majority of those express the HLA-DR4 genotype [Ziegler, R., Alper, C. |
| 13775 | 9520453 | However, it has been difficult to demonstrate T cell proliferative responses to human insulin in IDDM patients [Durinovic-Bello, I., Hummel, M. |
| 13776 | 9520453 | We have immunized transgenic mice expressing the susceptible HLA-DR (alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter called DRB1*0401) and human CD4 molecules on a murine major histocompatibility complex class II null background, with human preproinsulin (PPI), proinsulin (PI), and insulin and derived large panels of T cell hybridomas to determine the immunogenic epitopes of these proteins. |
| 13777 | 9520453 | These findings may partly explain why susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is associated with HLA-DR4-positive individuals and why T cell responses to the mature insulin protein are rarely detected in IDDM patients. |
| 13778 | 9520453 | Approximately one-half of Caucasians with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have autoantibodies to insulin, and the majority of those express the HLA-DR4 genotype [Ziegler, R., Alper, C. |
| 13779 | 9520453 | However, it has been difficult to demonstrate T cell proliferative responses to human insulin in IDDM patients [Durinovic-Bello, I., Hummel, M. |
| 13780 | 9520453 | We have immunized transgenic mice expressing the susceptible HLA-DR (alpha1*0101,beta1*0401) (hereafter called DRB1*0401) and human CD4 molecules on a murine major histocompatibility complex class II null background, with human preproinsulin (PPI), proinsulin (PI), and insulin and derived large panels of T cell hybridomas to determine the immunogenic epitopes of these proteins. |
| 13781 | 9520453 | These findings may partly explain why susceptibility to type 1 diabetes is associated with HLA-DR4-positive individuals and why T cell responses to the mature insulin protein are rarely detected in IDDM patients. |
| 13782 | 9522735 | Fifty patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the age group of 5-20 years were assessed for oral candidal carriage state and other related oral manifestations. |
| 13783 | 9523543 | Microcirculatory changes occur early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are believed to be an early feature of late diabetic complications, leading to reduced oxygen pressure and hypoxia in the skin and other tissues. |
| 13784 | 9523543 | Compared with controls, in IDDM patients hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose concentrations were elevated, and arterial oxygen pressure was significantly lower. |
| 13785 | 9523543 | Muscle oxygen tensions were positively correlated with blood glucose concentrations in IDDM patients (Rho=0.48, P=0.002) but not with HbA1c or with insulin concentrations. |
| 13786 | 9523543 | Microcirculatory changes occur early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are believed to be an early feature of late diabetic complications, leading to reduced oxygen pressure and hypoxia in the skin and other tissues. |
| 13787 | 9523543 | Compared with controls, in IDDM patients hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose concentrations were elevated, and arterial oxygen pressure was significantly lower. |
| 13788 | 9523543 | Muscle oxygen tensions were positively correlated with blood glucose concentrations in IDDM patients (Rho=0.48, P=0.002) but not with HbA1c or with insulin concentrations. |
| 13789 | 9523543 | Microcirculatory changes occur early in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are believed to be an early feature of late diabetic complications, leading to reduced oxygen pressure and hypoxia in the skin and other tissues. |
| 13790 | 9523543 | Compared with controls, in IDDM patients hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood glucose concentrations were elevated, and arterial oxygen pressure was significantly lower. |
| 13791 | 9523543 | Muscle oxygen tensions were positively correlated with blood glucose concentrations in IDDM patients (Rho=0.48, P=0.002) but not with HbA1c or with insulin concentrations. |
| 13792 | 9524303 | Adolescents' health attitudes and adherence to treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were evaluated using the protection motivation theory (PMT). |
| 13793 | 9524303 | Response costs of adherence produced the strongest correlations with overall adherence and with three of the four individual components of IDDM treatment (insulin injections, blood glucose monitoring, diet). |
| 13794 | 9524303 | Adolescents' health attitudes and adherence to treatment for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were evaluated using the protection motivation theory (PMT). |
| 13795 | 9524303 | Response costs of adherence produced the strongest correlations with overall adherence and with three of the four individual components of IDDM treatment (insulin injections, blood glucose monitoring, diet). |
| 13796 | 9526910 | This study examined for 3 years the changes in periodontal status and the possible correlations with selected subgingival microbiota and diabetic conditions in a group of 16 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, JD) patients as compared with their 16 healthy cohabiting siblings (HS). |
| 13797 | 9528889 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) is a major target for autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13798 | 9528889 | The epitope specificities of autoantibodies to GAD in IDDM and SMS have been well documented, but the locations of autoantibody epitopes of GAD in PE patients have not been mapped. |
| 13799 | 9528889 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) is a major target for autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13800 | 9528889 | The epitope specificities of autoantibodies to GAD in IDDM and SMS have been well documented, but the locations of autoantibody epitopes of GAD in PE patients have not been mapped. |
| 13801 | 9529321 | alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-10. |
| 13802 | 9529321 | We have previously shown that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are selectively deficient in alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- NKT cells, a defect that may contribute to their susceptibility to the spontaneous development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13803 | 9529321 | A single intravenous injection of 10(6) CD4-/lowCD8- or CD4-CD8- thymocytes from female (BALB/c x NOD)F1 donors protected intact NOD mice from the spontaneous onset of clinical IDDM. |
| 13804 | 9529321 | When alpha/beta-TCR+ and alpha/beta-TCR- subsets of CD4-CD8- thymocytes were transferred with diabetogenic splenocytes and compared for their ability to prevent the development of IDDM in irradiated adult recipients, only the alpha/beta-TCR+ population was protective, confirming that NKT cells were responsible for this activity. |
| 13805 | 9529321 | The protective effect in the induced model of IDDM was neutralized by anti-IL-4 and anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies in vivo, indicating a role for at least one of these cytokines in NKT cell-mediated protection. |
| 13806 | 9529321 | alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-10. |
| 13807 | 9529321 | We have previously shown that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are selectively deficient in alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- NKT cells, a defect that may contribute to their susceptibility to the spontaneous development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13808 | 9529321 | A single intravenous injection of 10(6) CD4-/lowCD8- or CD4-CD8- thymocytes from female (BALB/c x NOD)F1 donors protected intact NOD mice from the spontaneous onset of clinical IDDM. |
| 13809 | 9529321 | When alpha/beta-TCR+ and alpha/beta-TCR- subsets of CD4-CD8- thymocytes were transferred with diabetogenic splenocytes and compared for their ability to prevent the development of IDDM in irradiated adult recipients, only the alpha/beta-TCR+ population was protective, confirming that NKT cells were responsible for this activity. |
| 13810 | 9529321 | The protective effect in the induced model of IDDM was neutralized by anti-IL-4 and anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies in vivo, indicating a role for at least one of these cytokines in NKT cell-mediated protection. |
| 13811 | 9529321 | alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-10. |
| 13812 | 9529321 | We have previously shown that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are selectively deficient in alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- NKT cells, a defect that may contribute to their susceptibility to the spontaneous development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13813 | 9529321 | A single intravenous injection of 10(6) CD4-/lowCD8- or CD4-CD8- thymocytes from female (BALB/c x NOD)F1 donors protected intact NOD mice from the spontaneous onset of clinical IDDM. |
| 13814 | 9529321 | When alpha/beta-TCR+ and alpha/beta-TCR- subsets of CD4-CD8- thymocytes were transferred with diabetogenic splenocytes and compared for their ability to prevent the development of IDDM in irradiated adult recipients, only the alpha/beta-TCR+ population was protective, confirming that NKT cells were responsible for this activity. |
| 13815 | 9529321 | The protective effect in the induced model of IDDM was neutralized by anti-IL-4 and anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies in vivo, indicating a role for at least one of these cytokines in NKT cell-mediated protection. |
| 13816 | 9529321 | alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- (NKT) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (NOD)/Lt mice by the influence of interleukin (IL)-4 and/or IL-10. |
| 13817 | 9529321 | We have previously shown that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice are selectively deficient in alpha/beta-T cell receptor (TCR)+CD4-CD8- NKT cells, a defect that may contribute to their susceptibility to the spontaneous development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13818 | 9529321 | A single intravenous injection of 10(6) CD4-/lowCD8- or CD4-CD8- thymocytes from female (BALB/c x NOD)F1 donors protected intact NOD mice from the spontaneous onset of clinical IDDM. |
| 13819 | 9529321 | When alpha/beta-TCR+ and alpha/beta-TCR- subsets of CD4-CD8- thymocytes were transferred with diabetogenic splenocytes and compared for their ability to prevent the development of IDDM in irradiated adult recipients, only the alpha/beta-TCR+ population was protective, confirming that NKT cells were responsible for this activity. |
| 13820 | 9529321 | The protective effect in the induced model of IDDM was neutralized by anti-IL-4 and anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies in vivo, indicating a role for at least one of these cytokines in NKT cell-mediated protection. |
| 13821 | 9529658 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease, which results in the destruction of the islet beta-cells. |
| 13822 | 9529658 | The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes the major susceptibility gene in IDDM. |
| 13823 | 9529658 | We suggest that (1) the density and affinity of epitopes derived from microbial antigens that bind to MHC molecules; (2) their cross-reactivity with beta-cell antigens; and (3) the nature of immunoregulatory cytokines induced by the microbial infections are the primary factors in the induction of either effector or protective T cells in IDDM. |
| 13824 | 9529658 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease, which results in the destruction of the islet beta-cells. |
| 13825 | 9529658 | The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes the major susceptibility gene in IDDM. |
| 13826 | 9529658 | We suggest that (1) the density and affinity of epitopes derived from microbial antigens that bind to MHC molecules; (2) their cross-reactivity with beta-cell antigens; and (3) the nature of immunoregulatory cytokines induced by the microbial infections are the primary factors in the induction of either effector or protective T cells in IDDM. |
| 13827 | 9529658 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disease, which results in the destruction of the islet beta-cells. |
| 13828 | 9529658 | The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes the major susceptibility gene in IDDM. |
| 13829 | 9529658 | We suggest that (1) the density and affinity of epitopes derived from microbial antigens that bind to MHC molecules; (2) their cross-reactivity with beta-cell antigens; and (3) the nature of immunoregulatory cytokines induced by the microbial infections are the primary factors in the induction of either effector or protective T cells in IDDM. |
| 13830 | 9531033 | In this study we evaluated the activity of the constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) in platelets of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 13831 | 9531322 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and serves as an animal model for human type I diabetes. |
| 13832 | 9531322 | TNF-alpha is known to be produced by islet-infiltrating mononuclear cells during insulitis and subsequent beta cell destruction and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 13833 | 9531322 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and serves as an animal model for human type I diabetes. |
| 13834 | 9531322 | TNF-alpha is known to be produced by islet-infiltrating mononuclear cells during insulitis and subsequent beta cell destruction and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 13835 | 9532515 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, nephropathy, and the renin system. |
| 13836 | 9532515 | While substantial evidence exists for the renal protective effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the role of renin-angiotensin system blockade in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is less clear. |
| 13837 | 9532515 | Accelerated trials with angiotensin II receptor antagonists have relied on the proven effects of ACE inhibitors in the diabetic patient, as well as on pharmacologic principles dictating that renin-angiotensin blockade is more complete when the system is interrupted at the rate-limiting or receptor level. |
| 13838 | 9536501 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may develop autonomic neuropathy (AN) and cardiac complications. |
| 13839 | 9541173 | Substitution of night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy for bedtime NPH insulin in a multiple injection regimen improves counterregulatory hormonal responses and warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia in IDDM. |
| 13840 | 9541173 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) good glycaemic control confers an enhanced risk of hypoglycaemia. |
| 13841 | 9541173 | In order to avoid nocturnal hypoglycaemia we substituted night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in 14 patients with well-controlled IDDM using a multiple injection regimen for the more variable bedtime NPH insulin. |
| 13842 | 9541173 | Substitution of night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy for bedtime NPH insulin in a multiple injection regimen improves counterregulatory hormonal responses and warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia in IDDM. |
| 13843 | 9541173 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) good glycaemic control confers an enhanced risk of hypoglycaemia. |
| 13844 | 9541173 | In order to avoid nocturnal hypoglycaemia we substituted night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in 14 patients with well-controlled IDDM using a multiple injection regimen for the more variable bedtime NPH insulin. |
| 13845 | 9541173 | Substitution of night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy for bedtime NPH insulin in a multiple injection regimen improves counterregulatory hormonal responses and warning symptoms of hypoglycaemia in IDDM. |
| 13846 | 9541173 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) good glycaemic control confers an enhanced risk of hypoglycaemia. |
| 13847 | 9541173 | In order to avoid nocturnal hypoglycaemia we substituted night-time continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in 14 patients with well-controlled IDDM using a multiple injection regimen for the more variable bedtime NPH insulin. |
| 13848 | 9541175 | We compared 17 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nephropathy with 17 control subjects with IDDM and 24 non-diabetic control subjects. |
| 13849 | 9541176 | Healthy family members of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are known to share a number of immunological abnormalities with their affected relatives. |
| 13850 | 9541176 | We report that circulating tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble interleukin-2 (sIL-2) receptor were present in increased amounts in non-diabetic family members at levels similar to those found in the diabetic children (duration of disease 3 months-5 years). |
| 13851 | 9541177 | To investigate LDL oxidation in vivo we measured autoantibodies to oxidised LDL (oxLDL) in 94 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), compared to 27 age-matched, healthy control subjects. |
| 13852 | 9542253 | To determine whether the maternal metabolic control and/or the use of hypoglycemic drugs during early gestation is associated with a risk of congenital malformations, beginning on January 1989 to December 1994, clinical data from 16 Italian centers were collected retrospectively and entered in a computerized data base: 517 pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus, 362 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (mean age 28.13 +/- 4.8 years), 130 with non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (mean age 33.01 +/- 5.32 years) and 25 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (mean age 32.48 +/- 6.2 years). |
| 13853 | 9542253 | Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and urine keton bodies were more elevated in IDDM respect to NIDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 13854 | 9542253 | To determine whether the maternal metabolic control and/or the use of hypoglycemic drugs during early gestation is associated with a risk of congenital malformations, beginning on January 1989 to December 1994, clinical data from 16 Italian centers were collected retrospectively and entered in a computerized data base: 517 pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus, 362 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (mean age 28.13 +/- 4.8 years), 130 with non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (mean age 33.01 +/- 5.32 years) and 25 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (mean age 32.48 +/- 6.2 years). |
| 13855 | 9542253 | Fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and urine keton bodies were more elevated in IDDM respect to NIDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 13856 | 9542254 | 87 pregnancies in diabetic women older than 35 years at time of conception were studied. 3% were insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 52% non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 45% gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). |
| 13857 | 9542259 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) women, the age of diagnosis and the diabetes duration played the major role whereas, in non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) women only the patients' age was correlated with the BP levels. |
| 13858 | 9542266 | IGF-1 was measured in the cord blood of 24 infants of diabetic mothers (IDDM) and IGF-1 in 11 infants of non diabetic mothers (NIDDM). |
| 13859 | 9542274 | We report here our initial results, which show that progression to IDDM is accompanied in both cohorts by the presence of a combination of ICA with either GAD and IA-2 antibodies or both. |
| 13860 | 9542274 | This approach should lead to design reliable models of IDDM prediction in the general population, which will benefit an early insulin treatment and, hopefully, an effective prevention of the disease. |
| 13861 | 9542274 | We report here our initial results, which show that progression to IDDM is accompanied in both cohorts by the presence of a combination of ICA with either GAD and IA-2 antibodies or both. |
| 13862 | 9542274 | This approach should lead to design reliable models of IDDM prediction in the general population, which will benefit an early insulin treatment and, hopefully, an effective prevention of the disease. |
| 13863 | 9542276 | We studied the lymphocyte subpopulations in 14 pregnant women with type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), mean age (+/- SD) 30 +/- 4 years, mean disease duration 12 +/- 5 years, in 14 with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (mean age 33 +/- 6 years) and 21 matched healthy pregnant controls (C), when the subjects delivered, and in their newborn. |
| 13864 | 9542278 | The aim of this study was to assess thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) women during pregnancy and early post partum. |
| 13865 | 9543309 | Eating disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): relationships with glycaemic control and somatic complications. |
| 13866 | 9543309 | This study was designed to assess (by means of a diagnostic interview based on DSM-III-R criteria) the prevalence of eating disorders in 69 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) out-patients, and the relationship with somatic risks. |
| 13867 | 9543309 | Eating disorders and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): relationships with glycaemic control and somatic complications. |
| 13868 | 9543309 | This study was designed to assess (by means of a diagnostic interview based on DSM-III-R criteria) the prevalence of eating disorders in 69 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) out-patients, and the relationship with somatic risks. |
| 13869 | 9544238 | Individuals from multiplex insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) families express higher levels of TCRBV2S1 than controls. |
| 13870 | 9544238 | The level of TCRBV2S1 expression in the multiplex families was significantly higher than all the control groups for both the CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets. |
| 13871 | 9544238 | The TCRBV3S1 expression in all the diabetic cohorts was significantly lower than the healthy controls, in the CD4 subset only. |
| 13872 | 9545115 | Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome (PGAS) type 2 (Schmidt syndrome) is characterized by the association of primary adrenocortical insufficiency with autoimmune thyroid disease, and/or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13873 | 9546937 | The integrity of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the skin of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is unclear, especially with respect to the role of nitric oxide. |
| 13874 | 9548424 | This study was performed to compare renal structure in insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients who had developed signs of nephropathy after a short or long duration of diabetes. |
| 13875 | 9548424 | Renal biopsies were obtained from 17 IDDM patients, with albumin excretion rate 20-300 microg/min and normal blood pressure. |
| 13876 | 9548424 | This study was performed to compare renal structure in insulin-dependent (IDDM) patients who had developed signs of nephropathy after a short or long duration of diabetes. |
| 13877 | 9548424 | Renal biopsies were obtained from 17 IDDM patients, with albumin excretion rate 20-300 microg/min and normal blood pressure. |
| 13878 | 9550285 | Therefore, we have administered HgCl2 to diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats, animals that spontaneously develop both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and thyroiditis. |
| 13879 | 9550329 | Association between autoantibody markers and subtypes of DR4 and DR4-DQ in Swedish children with insulin-dependent diabetes reveals closer association of tyrosine pyrophosphatase autoimmunity with DR4 than DQ8. |
| 13880 | 9550329 | HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQ8) and DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) are positively and DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 (DQ6) negatively associated with IDDM. |
| 13881 | 9550329 | The aim of the study was to determine the association between HLA-DR4 and DQ and the presence of GAD65, ICA512, and insulin autoantibodies as well as ICA in 425 Swedish children with IDDM and 367 controls in the age group of 0-15 years. |
| 13882 | 9550329 | Association between autoantibody markers and subtypes of DR4 and DR4-DQ in Swedish children with insulin-dependent diabetes reveals closer association of tyrosine pyrophosphatase autoimmunity with DR4 than DQ8. |
| 13883 | 9550329 | HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQ8) and DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) are positively and DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 (DQ6) negatively associated with IDDM. |
| 13884 | 9550329 | The aim of the study was to determine the association between HLA-DR4 and DQ and the presence of GAD65, ICA512, and insulin autoantibodies as well as ICA in 425 Swedish children with IDDM and 367 controls in the age group of 0-15 years. |
| 13885 | 9550452 | If a rise in plasma ASC is uncoupled from insulin replacement in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) then the degree of hyperglycemia could account for "tissue scurvy" in IDDM. |
| 13886 | 9551410 | The antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy varies considerably. |
| 13887 | 9551410 | Sixty (II, N = 13; ID, N = 26 and DD, N = 21) young hypertensive IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy were investigated during three months before and for the initial six month period during ACE inhibition [captopril 44 (SD 22) mg/24 hr, no differences in drug dose between groups]. |
| 13888 | 9551410 | The antiproteinuric effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with diabetic nephropathy varies considerably. |
| 13889 | 9551410 | Sixty (II, N = 13; ID, N = 26 and DD, N = 21) young hypertensive IDDM patients suffering from diabetic nephropathy were investigated during three months before and for the initial six month period during ACE inhibition [captopril 44 (SD 22) mg/24 hr, no differences in drug dose between groups]. |
| 13890 | 9555667 | Moreover, it has not been studied whether possible microproteinuric and renal hemodynamic changes induced by NE are altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by microalbuminuria. |
| 13891 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13892 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13893 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13894 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13895 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13896 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13897 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13898 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13899 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13900 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13901 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13902 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13903 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13904 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13905 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13906 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13907 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13908 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13909 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13910 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13911 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13912 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13913 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13914 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13915 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13916 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13917 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13918 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13919 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13920 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13921 | 9556351 | The IDDM2 component of the genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been mapped to chromosome 11p15.5. |
| 13922 | 9556351 | It has been suggested that IDDM2 maps within the 5' VNTR (variable number tandem repeat) polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 13923 | 9556351 | No INS polymorphism was associated with IDDM across all races. |
| 13924 | 9556351 | These data from this study thus do not identify any INS polymorphism as IDDM2. |
| 13925 | 9556351 | Analysis of these excluded a contribution to susceptibility to IDDM from the- 23HphI INS polymorphism. |
| 13926 | 9556351 | In conclusion, the diverse Afro-Caribbean TH/INS/IGF2 haplotypes identified in this study will be valuable in mapping IDDM2 more precisely. |
| 13927 | 9559484 | In order to verify whether pregnancy induces or worsens diabetic retinopathy or somatic and autonomic neuropathy, 16 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) pregnant women, 14 age-matched nondiabetic pregnant women, and 12 IDDM nonpregnant women matched for age and disease duration were studied. |
| 13928 | 9562348 | Since low levels of antioxidants such as vitamin C have been associated with such complications, we have examined the uptake mechanisms for ascorbic acid (AA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) in lymphoblasts from normal control subjects (CON), normoalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients (DCON), patients with IDDM and nephropathy (DN) and hypertensive patients (HT) using mass assays of uptake and measuring AA using high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| 13929 | 9562346 | IA-2 antibodies--a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence. |
| 13930 | 9562346 | To study the relationship of IA-2 antibodies (IA-2A) to other autoantibodies and genetic risk markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 758 children and adolescents younger than 15 years of age (mean age 8.4 years) with newly diagnosed diabetes were analysed for IA-2A, GAD antibodies (GADA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) with radiobinding assays, for islet cell antibodies (ICA) with immunofluorescence and for HLA DR alleles by serology. |
| 13931 | 9562346 | IA-2 antibodies--a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence. |
| 13932 | 9562346 | To study the relationship of IA-2 antibodies (IA-2A) to other autoantibodies and genetic risk markers in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 758 children and adolescents younger than 15 years of age (mean age 8.4 years) with newly diagnosed diabetes were analysed for IA-2A, GAD antibodies (GADA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) with radiobinding assays, for islet cell antibodies (ICA) with immunofluorescence and for HLA DR alleles by serology. |
| 13933 | 9562350 | Implantation of standardized beta-cell grafts in a liver segment of IDDM patients: graft and recipients characteristics in two cases of insulin-independence under maintenance immunosuppression for prior kidney graft. |
| 13934 | 9562350 | Islet allografts in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients exhibit variable survival lengths and low rates of insulin-independence despite treatment with anti-T-cell antibodies and maintenance immunosuppression. |
| 13935 | 9562350 | Implantation of standardized beta-cell grafts in a liver segment of IDDM patients: graft and recipients characteristics in two cases of insulin-independence under maintenance immunosuppression for prior kidney graft. |
| 13936 | 9562350 | Islet allografts in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients exhibit variable survival lengths and low rates of insulin-independence despite treatment with anti-T-cell antibodies and maintenance immunosuppression. |
| 13937 | 9562352 | Thirty-four percent of the MODY patients had mild and 13% had severe non-proliferative or proliferative retinopathy; this figure did not differ from the figures in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients matched for duration and glycaemic control but not for age. |
| 13938 | 9562352 | Neither did the prevalence of microalbuminuria differ between MODY3 and IDDM or NIDDM patients (19 vs 24 and 23%). |
| 13939 | 9562352 | Hypertension was less frequent in MODY3 and IDDM than in NIDDM (24.5 and 19 vs 53.7%; p < 0.001). |
| 13940 | 9562352 | Thirty-four percent of the MODY patients had mild and 13% had severe non-proliferative or proliferative retinopathy; this figure did not differ from the figures in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients matched for duration and glycaemic control but not for age. |
| 13941 | 9562352 | Neither did the prevalence of microalbuminuria differ between MODY3 and IDDM or NIDDM patients (19 vs 24 and 23%). |
| 13942 | 9562352 | Hypertension was less frequent in MODY3 and IDDM than in NIDDM (24.5 and 19 vs 53.7%; p < 0.001). |
| 13943 | 9562352 | Thirty-four percent of the MODY patients had mild and 13% had severe non-proliferative or proliferative retinopathy; this figure did not differ from the figures in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients matched for duration and glycaemic control but not for age. |
| 13944 | 9562352 | Neither did the prevalence of microalbuminuria differ between MODY3 and IDDM or NIDDM patients (19 vs 24 and 23%). |
| 13945 | 9562352 | Hypertension was less frequent in MODY3 and IDDM than in NIDDM (24.5 and 19 vs 53.7%; p < 0.001). |
| 13946 | 9562654 | The aim of our study was to analyze the temporal relationship between birth date and the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13947 | 9562659 | Twelve Romanian centers investigated the validity of a two daily insulin regimen using premixed biosynthetic human insulin Mixtard 30 HM Penfill (ratio: 30% rapid, 70% intermediate NPH-insulin) injected by NovoPen II in IDDM patients. |
| 13948 | 9567281 | Frequently, SMS remains undiagnosed for prolonged periods or the patients are diagnosed of a primary psychiatric disorder. 60% of the SMS patients harbor GAD-autoantibodies (GAD-Ab). |
| 13949 | 9567281 | The GAD-Ab titers were compared with those of 49 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 322 with other neurological disorders, 14 non-IDDM first-degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies anti-islet cells and 91 normal subjects. |
| 13950 | 9568688 | The relationship between humoral and cellular immunity to IA-2 in IDDM. |
| 13951 | 9568688 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM or at varying levels of risk for the disease were stimulated in vitro with the entire 42-kDa internal domain of IA-2 (amino acids 603-979), a series of control antigens (glutathionine-S-transferase, tetanus toxoid, Candida albicans, mumps, bovine serum albumin), and a mitogen (phytohemagglutinin). |
| 13952 | 9568688 | These studies support the autoantigenic nature of IA-2 in IDDM and suggest the inclusion of cellular immune responses as an adjunct marker for the disease. |
| 13953 | 9568688 | The relationship between humoral and cellular immunity to IA-2 in IDDM. |
| 13954 | 9568688 | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM or at varying levels of risk for the disease were stimulated in vitro with the entire 42-kDa internal domain of IA-2 (amino acids 603-979), a series of control antigens (glutathionine-S-transferase, tetanus toxoid, Candida albicans, mumps, bovine serum albumin), and a mitogen (phytohemagglutinin). |
| 13955 | 9568688 | These studies support the autoantigenic nature of IA-2 in IDDM and suggest the inclusion of cellular immune responses as an adjunct marker for the disease. |
| 13956 | 9570569 | NOR IDDM resistance was previously found to be largely controlled by the Idd13 locus within an approximately 24 cM segment on Chromosome 2 encompassing BKS-derived alleles for H3a, B2m, Il1, and Pcna. |
| 13957 | 9570569 | Since trans-interactions between relatively common and functionally normal allelic variants may contribute to IDDM in NOD mice, the search for Idd genes in humans should not be limited to functionally defective variants. |
| 13958 | 9570569 | NOR IDDM resistance was previously found to be largely controlled by the Idd13 locus within an approximately 24 cM segment on Chromosome 2 encompassing BKS-derived alleles for H3a, B2m, Il1, and Pcna. |
| 13959 | 9570569 | Since trans-interactions between relatively common and functionally normal allelic variants may contribute to IDDM in NOD mice, the search for Idd genes in humans should not be limited to functionally defective variants. |
| 13960 | 9571179 | By several crossing studies it has been demonstrated that the MHC class-II genes of the RT1u haplotype, Iddm1, and the lymphopenia, Iddm2, are essential, but not sufficient for diabetes development in the BB rat. |
| 13961 | 9571179 | The genetic analysis of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BB/OK x SHR)F1 x BB/OK] first backcross hybrids (BC1) confirmed the action of Iddm3 and one predisposing non-MHC locus, Iddm4, near Ighe/D6Mgh2 on chromosome 6 and one protective locus, Iddm5r(esistance), detected around Igf2/Tnt on chromosome 1. |
| 13962 | 9571179 | By several crossing studies it has been demonstrated that the MHC class-II genes of the RT1u haplotype, Iddm1, and the lymphopenia, Iddm2, are essential, but not sufficient for diabetes development in the BB rat. |
| 13963 | 9571179 | The genetic analysis of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BB/OK x SHR)F1 x BB/OK] first backcross hybrids (BC1) confirmed the action of Iddm3 and one predisposing non-MHC locus, Iddm4, near Ighe/D6Mgh2 on chromosome 6 and one protective locus, Iddm5r(esistance), detected around Igf2/Tnt on chromosome 1. |
| 13964 | 9571584 | Diastolic dysfunction is an early harbinger for systolic dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13965 | 9571584 | Glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin dosage, and duration of IDDM since puberty were associated with filling abnormalities. |
| 13966 | 9571584 | Diastolic dysfunction is an early harbinger for systolic dysfunction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13967 | 9571584 | Glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin dosage, and duration of IDDM since puberty were associated with filling abnormalities. |
| 13968 | 9572378 | Glycosylated hemoglobin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus related to preeclampsia. |
| 13969 | 9572378 | We studied whether the mean value of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) during this gestational period was associated with an increased incidence of preeclampsia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13970 | 9572378 | We conducted a retrospective study of 131 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) pregnancies with HbA1c values available in medical records over the past 10 years. |
| 13971 | 9572378 | We conclude that a significant association between elevated mean HbA1c values at 16-20 weeks' gestation and a high frequency of preeclampsia in IDDM pregnancies suggests that glycosylated hemoglobin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia in IDDM pregnant women. |
| 13972 | 9572378 | Glycosylated hemoglobin in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus related to preeclampsia. |
| 13973 | 9572378 | We studied whether the mean value of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) during this gestational period was associated with an increased incidence of preeclampsia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 13974 | 9572378 | We conducted a retrospective study of 131 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) pregnancies with HbA1c values available in medical records over the past 10 years. |
| 13975 | 9572378 | We conclude that a significant association between elevated mean HbA1c values at 16-20 weeks' gestation and a high frequency of preeclampsia in IDDM pregnancies suggests that glycosylated hemoglobin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia in IDDM pregnant women. |
| 13976 | 9573413 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who practice conventional insulin therapy are at risk of developing hypoglycemia (low levels of blood glucose), which can lead to severe dysfunction of the central nervous system. |
| 13977 | 9575246 | Insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes (IDDM) is caused by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 13978 | 9575392 | Insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with end-stage renal disease and coronary artery stenoses > or = 75% have a poor prognosis. |
| 13979 | 9575834 | In this study, the individual kinetic parameters of C-peptide and then the rates of insulin secretion were estimated by two mathematical methods, the deconvolution method and the "combined model" during slow (oral glucose) and fast (intravenous glucagon) changes in insulin secretion in six successful pancreas-kidney transplant recipients with systemic delivery of insulin (Px), six nondiabetic kidney-transplant recipients with portal insulin secretion (Kx), six nondiabetic controls (NS), and six C-peptide-negative insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (IDDM). |
| 13980 | 9576743 | The fact that insulin-producing islet beta-cells are susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of inflammatory cytokines represents a potential hinderance to the use of such cells for transplantation therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13981 | 9576743 | In the current study, we show that IL-1beta induces destruction of INS-1 insulinoma cells, while having no effect on a second insulinoma cell line RIN1046-38 and its engineered derivatives, and that this difference is correlated with a higher level of expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the latter cells. |
| 13982 | 9576743 | Stable overexpression of MnSOD in INS-1 cells provides complete protection against IL-1beta-mediated cytotoxicity, and also results in markedly reduced killing when such cells are exposed to conditioned media from activated human or rat PBMC. |
| 13983 | 9576743 | Further, overexpression of MnSOD in either RIN- or INS-1-derived lines results in a sharp reduction in IL-1beta-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, a finding that correlates with reduced levels of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). |
| 13984 | 9576743 | Treatment of INS-1 cells with L-NMMA, an inhibitor of iNOS, provides the same degree of protection against IL-1beta or supernatants from LPS-activated rat PBMC as MnSOD overexpression, supporting the idea that MnSOD protects INS-1 cells by interfering with the normal IL-1beta-mediated increase in iNOS. |
| 13985 | 9576743 | Because NO and its derivatives have been implicated as critical mediators of beta-cell destruction in IDDM, we conclude that well regulated insulinoma cell lines engineered for MnSOD overexpression may be an attractive alternative to isolated islets as vehicles for insulin replacement in autoimmune diabetes. |
| 13986 | 9576743 | The fact that insulin-producing islet beta-cells are susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of inflammatory cytokines represents a potential hinderance to the use of such cells for transplantation therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 13987 | 9576743 | In the current study, we show that IL-1beta induces destruction of INS-1 insulinoma cells, while having no effect on a second insulinoma cell line RIN1046-38 and its engineered derivatives, and that this difference is correlated with a higher level of expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the latter cells. |
| 13988 | 9576743 | Stable overexpression of MnSOD in INS-1 cells provides complete protection against IL-1beta-mediated cytotoxicity, and also results in markedly reduced killing when such cells are exposed to conditioned media from activated human or rat PBMC. |
| 13989 | 9576743 | Further, overexpression of MnSOD in either RIN- or INS-1-derived lines results in a sharp reduction in IL-1beta-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, a finding that correlates with reduced levels of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). |
| 13990 | 9576743 | Treatment of INS-1 cells with L-NMMA, an inhibitor of iNOS, provides the same degree of protection against IL-1beta or supernatants from LPS-activated rat PBMC as MnSOD overexpression, supporting the idea that MnSOD protects INS-1 cells by interfering with the normal IL-1beta-mediated increase in iNOS. |
| 13991 | 9576743 | Because NO and its derivatives have been implicated as critical mediators of beta-cell destruction in IDDM, we conclude that well regulated insulinoma cell lines engineered for MnSOD overexpression may be an attractive alternative to isolated islets as vehicles for insulin replacement in autoimmune diabetes. |
| 13992 | 9580247 | The aim of this study was to compare the effects of intensive insulin therapy on lipid metabolism using preprandial IL and regular insulin (RI) in 10 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 13993 | 9580247 | Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activities were similar to the control group and did not change after both treatments. |
| 13994 | 9583742 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 13995 | 9583742 | The presentation of beta cell-specific autoantigens by macrophages and/or dendritic cells to CD4+ T helper cells, in association with MHC class II molecules, is considered the initial step in the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 13996 | 9583742 | The CD4+ T cells secrete IFN-gamma and IL-2. |
| 13997 | 9583742 | IFN-gamma activates other resting macrophages, which, in turn, release cytokines, such as IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and free radicals, which are toxic to beta cells. |
| 13998 | 9583742 | During this process, IL-2 and other cytokines induce the migration of CD8+ peripheral T cells to the inflamed islets, perhaps by inducing the expression of a specific homing receptor. |
| 13999 | 9583742 | The precytotoxic CD8+ T cells that bear beta cell-specific autoantigen receptors differentiate into cytotoxic effector T cells upon recognition of the beta cell-specific peptide bound to MHC class I molecules in the presence of beta cell-specific CD4+ T helper cells. |
| 14000 | 9583742 | In this way, macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells synergistically destroy beta cells, resulting in the onset of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 14001 | 9583742 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 14002 | 9583742 | The presentation of beta cell-specific autoantigens by macrophages and/or dendritic cells to CD4+ T helper cells, in association with MHC class II molecules, is considered the initial step in the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 14003 | 9583742 | The CD4+ T cells secrete IFN-gamma and IL-2. |
| 14004 | 9583742 | IFN-gamma activates other resting macrophages, which, in turn, release cytokines, such as IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and free radicals, which are toxic to beta cells. |
| 14005 | 9583742 | During this process, IL-2 and other cytokines induce the migration of CD8+ peripheral T cells to the inflamed islets, perhaps by inducing the expression of a specific homing receptor. |
| 14006 | 9583742 | The precytotoxic CD8+ T cells that bear beta cell-specific autoantigen receptors differentiate into cytotoxic effector T cells upon recognition of the beta cell-specific peptide bound to MHC class I molecules in the presence of beta cell-specific CD4+ T helper cells. |
| 14007 | 9583742 | In this way, macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells synergistically destroy beta cells, resulting in the onset of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 14008 | 9583742 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by the progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 14009 | 9583742 | The presentation of beta cell-specific autoantigens by macrophages and/or dendritic cells to CD4+ T helper cells, in association with MHC class II molecules, is considered the initial step in the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 14010 | 9583742 | The CD4+ T cells secrete IFN-gamma and IL-2. |
| 14011 | 9583742 | IFN-gamma activates other resting macrophages, which, in turn, release cytokines, such as IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and free radicals, which are toxic to beta cells. |
| 14012 | 9583742 | During this process, IL-2 and other cytokines induce the migration of CD8+ peripheral T cells to the inflamed islets, perhaps by inducing the expression of a specific homing receptor. |
| 14013 | 9583742 | The precytotoxic CD8+ T cells that bear beta cell-specific autoantigen receptors differentiate into cytotoxic effector T cells upon recognition of the beta cell-specific peptide bound to MHC class I molecules in the presence of beta cell-specific CD4+ T helper cells. |
| 14014 | 9583742 | In this way, macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and CD8+ T cells synergistically destroy beta cells, resulting in the onset of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 14015 | 9587393 | Using various animal models for autoimmune diseases, we have previously found that allogeneic BMT (not autologous BMT) can be used to treat autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), immune thrombocytic purpura, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), chronic glomerulonephritis, and certain types of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14016 | 9587701 | Interleukin-1 beta induced transient diabetes mellitus in rats. |
| 14017 | 9587701 | A model of IDDM pathogenesis in man suggests that cytokines, and IL-1 in particular, are of major importance in the initial events (Nerup et al 1994) (Fig. 1). |
| 14018 | 9587701 | Finally, this review discussed the effects of IL-1 beta on human beta cells in vitro, and the clinical relevance of these experiments, with special reference to a clinical trial with the aim of preventing IDDM in man. |
| 14019 | 9587701 | Interleukin-1 beta reached all the investigated organs in the rats, was accumulated in kidneys and was excreted in the urine. |
| 14020 | 9587701 | Interleukin-1 beta induced transient diabetes mellitus in rats. |
| 14021 | 9587701 | A model of IDDM pathogenesis in man suggests that cytokines, and IL-1 in particular, are of major importance in the initial events (Nerup et al 1994) (Fig. 1). |
| 14022 | 9587701 | Finally, this review discussed the effects of IL-1 beta on human beta cells in vitro, and the clinical relevance of these experiments, with special reference to a clinical trial with the aim of preventing IDDM in man. |
| 14023 | 9587701 | Interleukin-1 beta reached all the investigated organs in the rats, was accumulated in kidneys and was excreted in the urine. |
| 14024 | 9588457 | A functional analysis of the role of IGF2 in IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14025 | 9588457 | One of the largest single contributors to genetic susceptibility, after the major histocompatability complex, is the IDDM2 locus, which maps to a nontranscribed variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14026 | 9588457 | Similar VNTR transcriptional effects on IGF2 have also been proposed as a mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus confers susceptibility in addition to, or instead of, effects on INS. |
| 14027 | 9588457 | This is evidence against the hypotheses that have suggested IGF2 is a mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility and corroborates previous studies suggesting insulin is the gene involved. |
| 14028 | 9588457 | A functional analysis of the role of IGF2 in IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14029 | 9588457 | One of the largest single contributors to genetic susceptibility, after the major histocompatability complex, is the IDDM2 locus, which maps to a nontranscribed variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14030 | 9588457 | Similar VNTR transcriptional effects on IGF2 have also been proposed as a mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus confers susceptibility in addition to, or instead of, effects on INS. |
| 14031 | 9588457 | This is evidence against the hypotheses that have suggested IGF2 is a mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility and corroborates previous studies suggesting insulin is the gene involved. |
| 14032 | 9588457 | A functional analysis of the role of IGF2 in IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14033 | 9588457 | One of the largest single contributors to genetic susceptibility, after the major histocompatability complex, is the IDDM2 locus, which maps to a nontranscribed variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14034 | 9588457 | Similar VNTR transcriptional effects on IGF2 have also been proposed as a mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus confers susceptibility in addition to, or instead of, effects on INS. |
| 14035 | 9588457 | This is evidence against the hypotheses that have suggested IGF2 is a mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility and corroborates previous studies suggesting insulin is the gene involved. |
| 14036 | 9588457 | A functional analysis of the role of IGF2 in IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14037 | 9588457 | One of the largest single contributors to genetic susceptibility, after the major histocompatability complex, is the IDDM2 locus, which maps to a nontranscribed variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) minisatellite upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14038 | 9588457 | Similar VNTR transcriptional effects on IGF2 have also been proposed as a mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus confers susceptibility in addition to, or instead of, effects on INS. |
| 14039 | 9588457 | This is evidence against the hypotheses that have suggested IGF2 is a mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility and corroborates previous studies suggesting insulin is the gene involved. |
| 14040 | 9590367 | Urinary measurement of transforming growth factor-beta and type IV collagen as new markers of renal injury: application in diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14041 | 9590367 | Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-11) and retinol binding protein (RBP) were measured with modification of commercially available methods used to assay serum specimens; type 3 collagen (T3C) was measured with a new immunonephelometric assay. |
| 14042 | 9590367 | The clinical utility of measuring a panel of these markers was demonstrated in urine samples from 16 control subjects and from 46 individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with various albumin excretion rates (AERs). |
| 14043 | 9591229 | Plasma beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and retinol were measured in 15 female and 5 male children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and the correlations with plasma hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fructosamine were analyzed. |
| 14044 | 9592633 | Adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) often experience difficulties achieving good glycaemic control, and attempts at intensifying insulin therapy may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. |
| 14045 | 9592633 | Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and IGF bioactivity are invariably reduced despite growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion, and these abnormalities are only partially corrected by intensified insulin therapy. |
| 14046 | 9592633 | The administration of recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) as an adjunct to insulin therapy can restore circulating IGF-I levels and thus suppress GH levels and improve insulin sensitivity. |
| 14047 | 9592633 | RhIGF-I used in conjunction with insulin may therefore provide an additional approach to the management of IDDM during adolescence, although further studies are required to determine the ideal dose regimen and confirm beneficial effects without adverse effects on microvascular complications in these subjects. |
| 14048 | 9592633 | Adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) often experience difficulties achieving good glycaemic control, and attempts at intensifying insulin therapy may increase the risk of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. |
| 14049 | 9592633 | Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels and IGF bioactivity are invariably reduced despite growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion, and these abnormalities are only partially corrected by intensified insulin therapy. |
| 14050 | 9592633 | The administration of recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) as an adjunct to insulin therapy can restore circulating IGF-I levels and thus suppress GH levels and improve insulin sensitivity. |
| 14051 | 9592633 | RhIGF-I used in conjunction with insulin may therefore provide an additional approach to the management of IDDM during adolescence, although further studies are required to determine the ideal dose regimen and confirm beneficial effects without adverse effects on microvascular complications in these subjects. |
| 14052 | 9592636 | Lp(a) concentrations were measured by immunonephelometry in 740 diabetic patients [493 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and 247 insulin-treated Type 2 diabetic (ITD) patients]. |
| 14053 | 9592636 | Both groups of insulin-treated patients (IDDM and ITD) displayed significantly higher Lp(a) concentrations when compared to controls. |
| 14054 | 9592636 | Lp(a) concentrations were measured by immunonephelometry in 740 diabetic patients [493 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and 247 insulin-treated Type 2 diabetic (ITD) patients]. |
| 14055 | 9592636 | Both groups of insulin-treated patients (IDDM and ITD) displayed significantly higher Lp(a) concentrations when compared to controls. |
| 14056 | 9592637 | This study sought to determine whether moderate exercise influences hypoglycaemic responses in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14057 | 9593759 | 19 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients participated in a randomized double-blind crossover investigation to investigate the impact of human C-peptide on skin microvascular blood flow. |
| 14058 | 9594623 | [GAD antibody in IDDM]. |
| 14059 | 9594623 | Two forms of GAD (GAD65 and GAD67) are known to be expressed in human tissues and GAD65 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 14060 | 9594623 | Recent findings revealed that GAD functions as an autoantigen in human autoimmunity, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14061 | 9594623 | GAD is a key antigen for the development of autoimmunity against beta-cells and the production of GADAb precedes other autoantibodies such as IAA and ICA512/IA-2Ab prior to the clinical onset of IDDM. |
| 14062 | 9594623 | [GAD antibody in IDDM]. |
| 14063 | 9594623 | Two forms of GAD (GAD65 and GAD67) are known to be expressed in human tissues and GAD65 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 14064 | 9594623 | Recent findings revealed that GAD functions as an autoantigen in human autoimmunity, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14065 | 9594623 | GAD is a key antigen for the development of autoimmunity against beta-cells and the production of GADAb precedes other autoantibodies such as IAA and ICA512/IA-2Ab prior to the clinical onset of IDDM. |
| 14066 | 9594623 | [GAD antibody in IDDM]. |
| 14067 | 9594623 | Two forms of GAD (GAD65 and GAD67) are known to be expressed in human tissues and GAD65 is predominantly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 14068 | 9594623 | Recent findings revealed that GAD functions as an autoantigen in human autoimmunity, especially in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14069 | 9594623 | GAD is a key antigen for the development of autoimmunity against beta-cells and the production of GADAb precedes other autoantibodies such as IAA and ICA512/IA-2Ab prior to the clinical onset of IDDM. |
| 14070 | 9597370 | The effect of a decoction of fig leaves (Ficus carica), as a supplement to breakfast, on diabetes control was studied in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (six men, four women, age 22-38 years, body mass index (BMI): 20.8 +/- 3.0 kg/m2, HbA1c 7.6 +/- 0.9% with a mean duration of diabetes of 9 +/- 6.3 years). |
| 14071 | 9597384 | Eighty insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with an average age (24.05 +/- 8.3 years), and 100 control subjects (25 +/- 7.1 years) were selected to verify the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in these populations. |
| 14072 | 9597384 | The prevalence of ICA and APA in IDDM H. pylori positive subjects was higher than among controls. |
| 14073 | 9597384 | Eighty insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with an average age (24.05 +/- 8.3 years), and 100 control subjects (25 +/- 7.1 years) were selected to verify the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in these populations. |
| 14074 | 9597384 | The prevalence of ICA and APA in IDDM H. pylori positive subjects was higher than among controls. |
| 14075 | 9597386 | Information was extracted from the medical records. 4127 people with diabetes were identified of whom 87% were classified as NIDDM (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), 12% as IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) and 0.7% as secondary or unclassified diabetes. |
| 14076 | 9599304 | Quantitative defects in the density of conformationally correct human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) class I complexes on the surface of lymphocytes are apparent in patients with diverse HLA-linked autoimmune diseases, including Type I diabetes and Sjögren's syndrome. |
| 14077 | 9599304 | Polyglandular failure patients whose disease showed HLA linkage, but not those whose disease was not HLA linked, exhibited decreased HLA class I expression on the surface of their lymphocytes as well as a reduced abundance of transcripts of the HLA-linked genes Tap1 and Tap2, both of which encode proteins that contribute to HLA class I processing. |
| 14078 | 9599304 | Second, lymphocytes from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), Sjögren's syndrome, Graves' disease, and Hashimoto's disease showed varying degrees of decreased abundance of mRNAs that encode Tap1, Tap2, Lmp2, or Lmp7 (the latter two proteins also contribute to HLA class I processing). |
| 14079 | 9599304 | Fourth, functional assays of isolated diabetic proteasomes, the peptide cutting complex containing LMP2 and LMP7 proteins, revealed altered peptidase activity. |
| 14080 | 9602207 | A 16-year-old boy with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and a history of marginal glycemic control had severe hypoglycemia unawareness and a marked decrease in insulin requirement. |
| 14081 | 9604865 | IDDM is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which the insulin-producing beta-cells are destroyed. |
| 14082 | 9604865 | Furthermore, suppression of the diabetogenic response is mediated by the induction of GAD65-specific CD4+ regulatory T-cells. |
| 14083 | 9605630 | Recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have led to the first trials of disease prevention in susceptible individuals. |
| 14084 | 9605631 | IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM. |
| 14085 | 9605631 | Pancreatic islet cell autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include a recently identified family of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules, notably IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 14086 | 9605631 | IA-2 is a 979 amino acid transmembrane protein located on human chromosome 2q35, whereas IA-2beta is 986 amino acids long located on human chromosome 7q36. |
| 14087 | 9605631 | Comparison of human IA-2 and IA-2beta showed 74% identity within the intercellular domains, but only 27% indentify within the extracellular domains. |
| 14088 | 9605631 | Radioimmunoprecipitation with recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta has been used to measure autoantibodies to these molecules and their intracellular fragments. |
| 14089 | 9605631 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 are detected in the majority (60% to 80%) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and in less than 2% of controls. |
| 14090 | 9605631 | The major antigenic determinants of both IA-2 and IA-2beta reside within the C-terminus of their intracellular domains. |
| 14091 | 9605631 | In first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, the presence of autoantibodies to IA-2 is predictive of IDDM and in combination with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the positive predictive value is in the 50% range. |
| 14092 | 9605631 | The role of IA-2 and IA-2beta in the pathogenesis of IDDM is still unclear. |
| 14093 | 9605631 | IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM. |
| 14094 | 9605631 | Pancreatic islet cell autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include a recently identified family of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules, notably IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 14095 | 9605631 | IA-2 is a 979 amino acid transmembrane protein located on human chromosome 2q35, whereas IA-2beta is 986 amino acids long located on human chromosome 7q36. |
| 14096 | 9605631 | Comparison of human IA-2 and IA-2beta showed 74% identity within the intercellular domains, but only 27% indentify within the extracellular domains. |
| 14097 | 9605631 | Radioimmunoprecipitation with recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta has been used to measure autoantibodies to these molecules and their intracellular fragments. |
| 14098 | 9605631 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 are detected in the majority (60% to 80%) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and in less than 2% of controls. |
| 14099 | 9605631 | The major antigenic determinants of both IA-2 and IA-2beta reside within the C-terminus of their intracellular domains. |
| 14100 | 9605631 | In first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, the presence of autoantibodies to IA-2 is predictive of IDDM and in combination with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the positive predictive value is in the 50% range. |
| 14101 | 9605631 | The role of IA-2 and IA-2beta in the pathogenesis of IDDM is still unclear. |
| 14102 | 9605631 | IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM. |
| 14103 | 9605631 | Pancreatic islet cell autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include a recently identified family of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules, notably IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 14104 | 9605631 | IA-2 is a 979 amino acid transmembrane protein located on human chromosome 2q35, whereas IA-2beta is 986 amino acids long located on human chromosome 7q36. |
| 14105 | 9605631 | Comparison of human IA-2 and IA-2beta showed 74% identity within the intercellular domains, but only 27% indentify within the extracellular domains. |
| 14106 | 9605631 | Radioimmunoprecipitation with recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta has been used to measure autoantibodies to these molecules and their intracellular fragments. |
| 14107 | 9605631 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 are detected in the majority (60% to 80%) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and in less than 2% of controls. |
| 14108 | 9605631 | The major antigenic determinants of both IA-2 and IA-2beta reside within the C-terminus of their intracellular domains. |
| 14109 | 9605631 | In first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, the presence of autoantibodies to IA-2 is predictive of IDDM and in combination with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the positive predictive value is in the 50% range. |
| 14110 | 9605631 | The role of IA-2 and IA-2beta in the pathogenesis of IDDM is still unclear. |
| 14111 | 9605631 | IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM. |
| 14112 | 9605631 | Pancreatic islet cell autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include a recently identified family of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules, notably IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 14113 | 9605631 | IA-2 is a 979 amino acid transmembrane protein located on human chromosome 2q35, whereas IA-2beta is 986 amino acids long located on human chromosome 7q36. |
| 14114 | 9605631 | Comparison of human IA-2 and IA-2beta showed 74% identity within the intercellular domains, but only 27% indentify within the extracellular domains. |
| 14115 | 9605631 | Radioimmunoprecipitation with recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta has been used to measure autoantibodies to these molecules and their intracellular fragments. |
| 14116 | 9605631 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 are detected in the majority (60% to 80%) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and in less than 2% of controls. |
| 14117 | 9605631 | The major antigenic determinants of both IA-2 and IA-2beta reside within the C-terminus of their intracellular domains. |
| 14118 | 9605631 | In first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, the presence of autoantibodies to IA-2 is predictive of IDDM and in combination with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the positive predictive value is in the 50% range. |
| 14119 | 9605631 | The role of IA-2 and IA-2beta in the pathogenesis of IDDM is still unclear. |
| 14120 | 9605631 | IA-2 and IA-2beta: the immune response in IDDM. |
| 14121 | 9605631 | Pancreatic islet cell autoantigens associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include a recently identified family of protein tyrosine phosphatase-like molecules, notably IA-2 and IA-2beta. |
| 14122 | 9605631 | IA-2 is a 979 amino acid transmembrane protein located on human chromosome 2q35, whereas IA-2beta is 986 amino acids long located on human chromosome 7q36. |
| 14123 | 9605631 | Comparison of human IA-2 and IA-2beta showed 74% identity within the intercellular domains, but only 27% indentify within the extracellular domains. |
| 14124 | 9605631 | Radioimmunoprecipitation with recombinant IA-2 and IA-2beta has been used to measure autoantibodies to these molecules and their intracellular fragments. |
| 14125 | 9605631 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 are detected in the majority (60% to 80%) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and in less than 2% of controls. |
| 14126 | 9605631 | The major antigenic determinants of both IA-2 and IA-2beta reside within the C-terminus of their intracellular domains. |
| 14127 | 9605631 | In first-degree relatives of IDDM patients, the presence of autoantibodies to IA-2 is predictive of IDDM and in combination with autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) the positive predictive value is in the 50% range. |
| 14128 | 9605631 | The role of IA-2 and IA-2beta in the pathogenesis of IDDM is still unclear. |
| 14129 | 9609134 | Type 1 diabetes (IDDM) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease which in part is determined genetically by its association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles. |
| 14130 | 9609134 | The cellular immune response to insulin is relatively low in the peripheral blood of patients with IDDM. |
| 14131 | 9609134 | This implicates that insulin, in human childhood IDDM and animal autoimmune diabetes, acts as an important early antigen which may target the autoimmune response to pancreatic beta cells. |
| 14132 | 9609134 | Type 1 diabetes (IDDM) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease which in part is determined genetically by its association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles. |
| 14133 | 9609134 | The cellular immune response to insulin is relatively low in the peripheral blood of patients with IDDM. |
| 14134 | 9609134 | This implicates that insulin, in human childhood IDDM and animal autoimmune diabetes, acts as an important early antigen which may target the autoimmune response to pancreatic beta cells. |
| 14135 | 9609134 | Type 1 diabetes (IDDM) is a T cell mediated autoimmune disease which in part is determined genetically by its association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles. |
| 14136 | 9609134 | The cellular immune response to insulin is relatively low in the peripheral blood of patients with IDDM. |
| 14137 | 9609134 | This implicates that insulin, in human childhood IDDM and animal autoimmune diabetes, acts as an important early antigen which may target the autoimmune response to pancreatic beta cells. |
| 14138 | 9609365 | Parental history of hypertension and parental history of diabetes and microvascular complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 14139 | 9614361 | The effects of recombinant human IGF-I administration on concentrations of acid labile subunit, IGF binding protein-3, IGF-I, IGF-II and proteolysis of IGF binding protein-3 in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14140 | 9614361 | The long term therapeutic potential of recombinant human (rh) IGF-I administration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be determined by changes in the IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and thus the bioavailability of IGF-I. |
| 14141 | 9614361 | We have therefore studied the effects of a single subcutaneous dose of rhIGF-I (40 micrograms/kg at 1800 h), when compared with an untreated control night, in 17 subjects with IDDM, on serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, acid labile subunit (ALS), and IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 14142 | 9614361 | IGF-I levels increased from 242 +/- 30 ng/ml to 399 +/- 26 ng/ml (P = 0.01) after rhIGF-I whereas IGF-II levels declined from 600 +/- 45 ng/ml to 533 +/- 30 ng/ml. |
| 14143 | 9614361 | On the baseline night, IGFBP-3 levels correlated with the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II (r = 0.73, P = 0.02) and with levels of the ALS (r = 0.7, P = 0.002). |
| 14144 | 9614361 | However after rhIGF-I, the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II no longer correlated with IGFBP-3, whereas the relationship with ALS was maintained. |
| 14145 | 9614361 | In conclusion, despite a slight but significant fall in ALS, IGFBP-3 levels rise after rhIGF-I administration in IDDM. |
| 14146 | 9614361 | This cannot be explained by alterations in IGFBP-3 proteolysis, and may relate to the relative stability of ALS/IGFBP-3 when complexed principally with IGF-I rather than IGF-II. |
| 14147 | 9614361 | The effects of recombinant human IGF-I administration on concentrations of acid labile subunit, IGF binding protein-3, IGF-I, IGF-II and proteolysis of IGF binding protein-3 in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14148 | 9614361 | The long term therapeutic potential of recombinant human (rh) IGF-I administration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be determined by changes in the IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and thus the bioavailability of IGF-I. |
| 14149 | 9614361 | We have therefore studied the effects of a single subcutaneous dose of rhIGF-I (40 micrograms/kg at 1800 h), when compared with an untreated control night, in 17 subjects with IDDM, on serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, acid labile subunit (ALS), and IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 14150 | 9614361 | IGF-I levels increased from 242 +/- 30 ng/ml to 399 +/- 26 ng/ml (P = 0.01) after rhIGF-I whereas IGF-II levels declined from 600 +/- 45 ng/ml to 533 +/- 30 ng/ml. |
| 14151 | 9614361 | On the baseline night, IGFBP-3 levels correlated with the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II (r = 0.73, P = 0.02) and with levels of the ALS (r = 0.7, P = 0.002). |
| 14152 | 9614361 | However after rhIGF-I, the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II no longer correlated with IGFBP-3, whereas the relationship with ALS was maintained. |
| 14153 | 9614361 | In conclusion, despite a slight but significant fall in ALS, IGFBP-3 levels rise after rhIGF-I administration in IDDM. |
| 14154 | 9614361 | This cannot be explained by alterations in IGFBP-3 proteolysis, and may relate to the relative stability of ALS/IGFBP-3 when complexed principally with IGF-I rather than IGF-II. |
| 14155 | 9614361 | The effects of recombinant human IGF-I administration on concentrations of acid labile subunit, IGF binding protein-3, IGF-I, IGF-II and proteolysis of IGF binding protein-3 in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14156 | 9614361 | The long term therapeutic potential of recombinant human (rh) IGF-I administration in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be determined by changes in the IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and thus the bioavailability of IGF-I. |
| 14157 | 9614361 | We have therefore studied the effects of a single subcutaneous dose of rhIGF-I (40 micrograms/kg at 1800 h), when compared with an untreated control night, in 17 subjects with IDDM, on serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-3, acid labile subunit (ALS), and IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 14158 | 9614361 | IGF-I levels increased from 242 +/- 30 ng/ml to 399 +/- 26 ng/ml (P = 0.01) after rhIGF-I whereas IGF-II levels declined from 600 +/- 45 ng/ml to 533 +/- 30 ng/ml. |
| 14159 | 9614361 | On the baseline night, IGFBP-3 levels correlated with the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II (r = 0.73, P = 0.02) and with levels of the ALS (r = 0.7, P = 0.002). |
| 14160 | 9614361 | However after rhIGF-I, the sum of IGF-I and IGF-II no longer correlated with IGFBP-3, whereas the relationship with ALS was maintained. |
| 14161 | 9614361 | In conclusion, despite a slight but significant fall in ALS, IGFBP-3 levels rise after rhIGF-I administration in IDDM. |
| 14162 | 9614361 | This cannot be explained by alterations in IGFBP-3 proteolysis, and may relate to the relative stability of ALS/IGFBP-3 when complexed principally with IGF-I rather than IGF-II. |
| 14163 | 9614927 | These idiotypes are detected in sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which are IAA-negative, also. |
| 14164 | 9617861 | We failed to identify the mutation in 100 diabetic patients, 86 NIDDM and 14 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14165 | 9618068 | The bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated prospectively to assess the course of osteopenia in IDDM. |
| 14166 | 9619398 | Ethnic comparisons are extremely important and useful for studying the HLA component involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) predisposition. |
| 14167 | 9620681 | TGF-beta1, expressed in the pancreatic islets, protects the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14168 | 9621289 | To test whether the growth phenotype of cells from patients with diabetic nephropathy was related to a lack of protection from oxidative stress, the effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on cultured skin fibroblasts from 13 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with nephropathy (DN), 10 IDDM patients without kidney disease (D), and 10 nondiabetic control subjects (C), in normal (5 mM) glucose (NG) and high (22 mM) glucose (HG) medium was studied. |
| 14169 | 9621289 | The treatment of fibroblasts from D and C with the inhibitor of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity, L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, resulted in growth impairment, and the addition to the culture medium of another antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, corrected the growth abnormalities in fibroblasts from DN. |
| 14170 | 9621289 | The impaired growth of cultured fibroblasts from IDDM patients with nephropathy is prevented by GSH and superoxide dismutase and is independent of prevailing glucose concentrations. |
| 14171 | 9621289 | To test whether the growth phenotype of cells from patients with diabetic nephropathy was related to a lack of protection from oxidative stress, the effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on cultured skin fibroblasts from 13 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with nephropathy (DN), 10 IDDM patients without kidney disease (D), and 10 nondiabetic control subjects (C), in normal (5 mM) glucose (NG) and high (22 mM) glucose (HG) medium was studied. |
| 14172 | 9621289 | The treatment of fibroblasts from D and C with the inhibitor of the gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity, L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine, resulted in growth impairment, and the addition to the culture medium of another antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, corrected the growth abnormalities in fibroblasts from DN. |
| 14173 | 9621289 | The impaired growth of cultured fibroblasts from IDDM patients with nephropathy is prevented by GSH and superoxide dismutase and is independent of prevailing glucose concentrations. |
| 14174 | 9621501 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a worldwide occurrence disease of childhood with genetic, environmental and familial risk factors. |
| 14175 | 9621501 | The family history data collection for IDDM and non insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) were obtained by a questionnaire, administered to parents. |
| 14176 | 9621501 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a worldwide occurrence disease of childhood with genetic, environmental and familial risk factors. |
| 14177 | 9621501 | The family history data collection for IDDM and non insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) were obtained by a questionnaire, administered to parents. |
| 14178 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in relation to metabolic control and body mass index. |
| 14179 | 9625360 | Insulin has been found to be a potent stimulator of leptin expression in rodents. |
| 14180 | 9625360 | To investigate whether leptin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) were related to metabolic status, body weight, body mass index and insulin treatment, we have measured leptin concentrations in serum from 13 newly diagnosed IDDM patients before the beginning of insulin treatment (8 girls, 5 boys, aged 4.7-17.5 years) and in 134 patients with IDDM during treatment (64 girls, 70 boys, aged 2.6-20.1 years) using a specific radioimmunoassay. |
| 14181 | 9625360 | Serum from children with newly diagnosed diabetes had significantly lower levels of leptin (mean 1.28+/-1.60 ng/ml, range 0.14-6.13 ng/ml) compared with healthy children (n=710) (mean 2.2 ng/ml, range 0.26-14.4ng/ml) and compared with insulin-treated children and adolescents (mean 5.18+/-5.48 ng/ml, range 0.26-29.77 ng/ml) (P<0.0001) even after adjustment for gender and body mass index (BMI). |
| 14182 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in patients with IDDM were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.42, P<0.0001). |
| 14183 | 9625360 | Multiple regression analysis showed that age and BMI were significantly correlated with leptin levels, while duration of diabetes, mean HbA1c levels, insulin dose and plasma glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were not. |
| 14184 | 9625360 | Surprisingly and most importantly, leptin levels in insulin-treated young adult (Tanner stage 5) patients were significantly higher than values found in the healthy nondiabetic reference population when adjusted for sex, Tanner stage and BMI. |
| 14185 | 9625360 | These findings suggest that leptin levels in IDDM patients show a similar dependency on adipose tissue and age as in healthy, normal children. |
| 14186 | 9625360 | The data provide evidence that insulin may be of importance as a regulator of serum leptin levels in vivo not only in rodents but also in humans. |
| 14187 | 9625360 | It is hypothesized that the elevated BMI-adjusted leptin levels in adolescents with IDDM could indicate either that these patients may be oversubstituted by the intensified insulin therapy that they are receiving or that their body composition and body fat content may differ from that of healthy adolescents in the sense that they have a relative increase in fat mass. |
| 14188 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in relation to metabolic control and body mass index. |
| 14189 | 9625360 | Insulin has been found to be a potent stimulator of leptin expression in rodents. |
| 14190 | 9625360 | To investigate whether leptin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) were related to metabolic status, body weight, body mass index and insulin treatment, we have measured leptin concentrations in serum from 13 newly diagnosed IDDM patients before the beginning of insulin treatment (8 girls, 5 boys, aged 4.7-17.5 years) and in 134 patients with IDDM during treatment (64 girls, 70 boys, aged 2.6-20.1 years) using a specific radioimmunoassay. |
| 14191 | 9625360 | Serum from children with newly diagnosed diabetes had significantly lower levels of leptin (mean 1.28+/-1.60 ng/ml, range 0.14-6.13 ng/ml) compared with healthy children (n=710) (mean 2.2 ng/ml, range 0.26-14.4ng/ml) and compared with insulin-treated children and adolescents (mean 5.18+/-5.48 ng/ml, range 0.26-29.77 ng/ml) (P<0.0001) even after adjustment for gender and body mass index (BMI). |
| 14192 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in patients with IDDM were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.42, P<0.0001). |
| 14193 | 9625360 | Multiple regression analysis showed that age and BMI were significantly correlated with leptin levels, while duration of diabetes, mean HbA1c levels, insulin dose and plasma glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were not. |
| 14194 | 9625360 | Surprisingly and most importantly, leptin levels in insulin-treated young adult (Tanner stage 5) patients were significantly higher than values found in the healthy nondiabetic reference population when adjusted for sex, Tanner stage and BMI. |
| 14195 | 9625360 | These findings suggest that leptin levels in IDDM patients show a similar dependency on adipose tissue and age as in healthy, normal children. |
| 14196 | 9625360 | The data provide evidence that insulin may be of importance as a regulator of serum leptin levels in vivo not only in rodents but also in humans. |
| 14197 | 9625360 | It is hypothesized that the elevated BMI-adjusted leptin levels in adolescents with IDDM could indicate either that these patients may be oversubstituted by the intensified insulin therapy that they are receiving or that their body composition and body fat content may differ from that of healthy adolescents in the sense that they have a relative increase in fat mass. |
| 14198 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in relation to metabolic control and body mass index. |
| 14199 | 9625360 | Insulin has been found to be a potent stimulator of leptin expression in rodents. |
| 14200 | 9625360 | To investigate whether leptin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) were related to metabolic status, body weight, body mass index and insulin treatment, we have measured leptin concentrations in serum from 13 newly diagnosed IDDM patients before the beginning of insulin treatment (8 girls, 5 boys, aged 4.7-17.5 years) and in 134 patients with IDDM during treatment (64 girls, 70 boys, aged 2.6-20.1 years) using a specific radioimmunoassay. |
| 14201 | 9625360 | Serum from children with newly diagnosed diabetes had significantly lower levels of leptin (mean 1.28+/-1.60 ng/ml, range 0.14-6.13 ng/ml) compared with healthy children (n=710) (mean 2.2 ng/ml, range 0.26-14.4ng/ml) and compared with insulin-treated children and adolescents (mean 5.18+/-5.48 ng/ml, range 0.26-29.77 ng/ml) (P<0.0001) even after adjustment for gender and body mass index (BMI). |
| 14202 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in patients with IDDM were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.42, P<0.0001). |
| 14203 | 9625360 | Multiple regression analysis showed that age and BMI were significantly correlated with leptin levels, while duration of diabetes, mean HbA1c levels, insulin dose and plasma glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were not. |
| 14204 | 9625360 | Surprisingly and most importantly, leptin levels in insulin-treated young adult (Tanner stage 5) patients were significantly higher than values found in the healthy nondiabetic reference population when adjusted for sex, Tanner stage and BMI. |
| 14205 | 9625360 | These findings suggest that leptin levels in IDDM patients show a similar dependency on adipose tissue and age as in healthy, normal children. |
| 14206 | 9625360 | The data provide evidence that insulin may be of importance as a regulator of serum leptin levels in vivo not only in rodents but also in humans. |
| 14207 | 9625360 | It is hypothesized that the elevated BMI-adjusted leptin levels in adolescents with IDDM could indicate either that these patients may be oversubstituted by the intensified insulin therapy that they are receiving or that their body composition and body fat content may differ from that of healthy adolescents in the sense that they have a relative increase in fat mass. |
| 14208 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in relation to metabolic control and body mass index. |
| 14209 | 9625360 | Insulin has been found to be a potent stimulator of leptin expression in rodents. |
| 14210 | 9625360 | To investigate whether leptin concentrations in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (IDDM) were related to metabolic status, body weight, body mass index and insulin treatment, we have measured leptin concentrations in serum from 13 newly diagnosed IDDM patients before the beginning of insulin treatment (8 girls, 5 boys, aged 4.7-17.5 years) and in 134 patients with IDDM during treatment (64 girls, 70 boys, aged 2.6-20.1 years) using a specific radioimmunoassay. |
| 14211 | 9625360 | Serum from children with newly diagnosed diabetes had significantly lower levels of leptin (mean 1.28+/-1.60 ng/ml, range 0.14-6.13 ng/ml) compared with healthy children (n=710) (mean 2.2 ng/ml, range 0.26-14.4ng/ml) and compared with insulin-treated children and adolescents (mean 5.18+/-5.48 ng/ml, range 0.26-29.77 ng/ml) (P<0.0001) even after adjustment for gender and body mass index (BMI). |
| 14212 | 9625360 | Serum leptin levels in patients with IDDM were significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.42, P<0.0001). |
| 14213 | 9625360 | Multiple regression analysis showed that age and BMI were significantly correlated with leptin levels, while duration of diabetes, mean HbA1c levels, insulin dose and plasma glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were not. |
| 14214 | 9625360 | Surprisingly and most importantly, leptin levels in insulin-treated young adult (Tanner stage 5) patients were significantly higher than values found in the healthy nondiabetic reference population when adjusted for sex, Tanner stage and BMI. |
| 14215 | 9625360 | These findings suggest that leptin levels in IDDM patients show a similar dependency on adipose tissue and age as in healthy, normal children. |
| 14216 | 9625360 | The data provide evidence that insulin may be of importance as a regulator of serum leptin levels in vivo not only in rodents but also in humans. |
| 14217 | 9625360 | It is hypothesized that the elevated BMI-adjusted leptin levels in adolescents with IDDM could indicate either that these patients may be oversubstituted by the intensified insulin therapy that they are receiving or that their body composition and body fat content may differ from that of healthy adolescents in the sense that they have a relative increase in fat mass. |
| 14218 | 9626161 | Increased CD69 and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of long standing. |
| 14219 | 9626161 | To better define prevailing activation of circulating T cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset (DM; n = 31; median age +/- SD, 28 +/- 6.9 yr) and of long standing (DML; n = 27; age, 33 +/- 10.4 yr; median duration of disease, 105 months), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were analyzed to determine their naive and memory subsets as well as their expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25), and CD69 by three-color flow cytometry. |
| 14220 | 9626161 | No deviation was seen in either IDDM group compared to HS in CD25 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells or in their CD45RA+ or CD45RA- subsets. |
| 14221 | 9626161 | CD69 expression did not differ between IDDM and HS, but differed between DML (CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA- CD4+) and DM only. |
| 14222 | 9626161 | In conclusion, our data demonstrate that HLA-DR expression in IDDM is restricted to memory cells (CD45RA-) among CD4+ cells in DML and is more markedly confined to naive (CD45RA+) than to memory CD8+ cells, whereas the early activation antigen CD69 is more readily expressed in DML than in DM. |
| 14223 | 9626161 | Increased CD69 and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of long standing. |
| 14224 | 9626161 | To better define prevailing activation of circulating T cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset (DM; n = 31; median age +/- SD, 28 +/- 6.9 yr) and of long standing (DML; n = 27; age, 33 +/- 10.4 yr; median duration of disease, 105 months), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were analyzed to determine their naive and memory subsets as well as their expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25), and CD69 by three-color flow cytometry. |
| 14225 | 9626161 | No deviation was seen in either IDDM group compared to HS in CD25 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells or in their CD45RA+ or CD45RA- subsets. |
| 14226 | 9626161 | CD69 expression did not differ between IDDM and HS, but differed between DML (CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA- CD4+) and DM only. |
| 14227 | 9626161 | In conclusion, our data demonstrate that HLA-DR expression in IDDM is restricted to memory cells (CD45RA-) among CD4+ cells in DML and is more markedly confined to naive (CD45RA+) than to memory CD8+ cells, whereas the early activation antigen CD69 is more readily expressed in DML than in DM. |
| 14228 | 9626161 | Increased CD69 and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of long standing. |
| 14229 | 9626161 | To better define prevailing activation of circulating T cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset (DM; n = 31; median age +/- SD, 28 +/- 6.9 yr) and of long standing (DML; n = 27; age, 33 +/- 10.4 yr; median duration of disease, 105 months), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were analyzed to determine their naive and memory subsets as well as their expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25), and CD69 by three-color flow cytometry. |
| 14230 | 9626161 | No deviation was seen in either IDDM group compared to HS in CD25 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells or in their CD45RA+ or CD45RA- subsets. |
| 14231 | 9626161 | CD69 expression did not differ between IDDM and HS, but differed between DML (CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA- CD4+) and DM only. |
| 14232 | 9626161 | In conclusion, our data demonstrate that HLA-DR expression in IDDM is restricted to memory cells (CD45RA-) among CD4+ cells in DML and is more markedly confined to naive (CD45RA+) than to memory CD8+ cells, whereas the early activation antigen CD69 is more readily expressed in DML than in DM. |
| 14233 | 9626161 | Increased CD69 and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on T lymphocytes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of long standing. |
| 14234 | 9626161 | To better define prevailing activation of circulating T cell subsets in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of recent onset (DM; n = 31; median age +/- SD, 28 +/- 6.9 yr) and of long standing (DML; n = 27; age, 33 +/- 10.4 yr; median duration of disease, 105 months), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were analyzed to determine their naive and memory subsets as well as their expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, interleukin-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25), and CD69 by three-color flow cytometry. |
| 14235 | 9626161 | No deviation was seen in either IDDM group compared to HS in CD25 expression on CD4+ or CD8+ cells or in their CD45RA+ or CD45RA- subsets. |
| 14236 | 9626161 | CD69 expression did not differ between IDDM and HS, but differed between DML (CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA- CD4+) and DM only. |
| 14237 | 9626161 | In conclusion, our data demonstrate that HLA-DR expression in IDDM is restricted to memory cells (CD45RA-) among CD4+ cells in DML and is more markedly confined to naive (CD45RA+) than to memory CD8+ cells, whereas the early activation antigen CD69 is more readily expressed in DML than in DM. |
| 14238 | 9628241 | To evaluate the potential of autoimmune markers in identifying patients with slowly progressive IDDM in the prediabetic state, we screened a population of 151 patients aged 37-70 years with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) for the presence of islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), and antibodies to tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2A). |
| 14239 | 9628269 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but little is known about its regulation and function in islet cells. |
| 14240 | 9628269 | In islets incubated in high glucose culture medium there was an increase in GAD activity, GAD65 and GAD67 protein levels compared to low-glucose conditions; however, even in high glucose, GVG still significantly suppressed GAD activity and GAD67 expression. |
| 14241 | 9628269 | Taken together, these results suggest that GVG potentially could be of use to decrease GAD expression in islet cells and consequently to deviate/inhibit the autoimmune response against the beta cells seen in IDDM. |
| 14242 | 9628269 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an important autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but little is known about its regulation and function in islet cells. |
| 14243 | 9628269 | In islets incubated in high glucose culture medium there was an increase in GAD activity, GAD65 and GAD67 protein levels compared to low-glucose conditions; however, even in high glucose, GVG still significantly suppressed GAD activity and GAD67 expression. |
| 14244 | 9628269 | Taken together, these results suggest that GVG potentially could be of use to decrease GAD expression in islet cells and consequently to deviate/inhibit the autoimmune response against the beta cells seen in IDDM. |
| 14245 | 9628271 | Contributions of age, gender and insulin administration to weight gain in subjects with IDDM. |
| 14246 | 9628271 | Overweight in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been repeatedly reported, especially in girls during adolescence. |
| 14247 | 9628271 | Contributions of age, gender and insulin administration to weight gain in subjects with IDDM. |
| 14248 | 9628271 | Overweight in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been repeatedly reported, especially in girls during adolescence. |
| 14249 | 9628281 | In this study 88 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who were diagnosed as diabetic at less than 40 years of age, 55 patients with insulin-dependent-diabetes (IDDM), and 67 normal control subjects were analysed for variants in the upstream region of the IPF1 gene by direct sequencing. |
| 14250 | 9630631 | Antibodies to sulfatide occur in some patients with autoimmune neuropathies and in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) caused by immunologic destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic islet beta-cells. |
| 14251 | 9633019 | It has been shown that patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may reveal abnormal alterations in heart-rate variability (HRV) due to autonomic neuropathy. |
| 14252 | 9641736 | Mean age and duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were 8.4 and 3.4 y, respectively. |
| 14253 | 9642664 | A dietary approach in line with RDA requirements, that may help prevent any complications related to an inappropriate diet pattern, coupled with a dynamic insulin adjustment, is the first-line intervention to prevent complications in IDDM patients. |
| 14254 | 9642891 | The adaptation of 27 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and 40 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was tracked for 18 months from diagnosis. |
| 14255 | 9645372 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease with a predominantly non-hereditary etiology that results in a destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoaggressive T lymphocytes. |
| 14256 | 9645372 | We determined sequential epitope motifs to search for mimicry peptides stimulating T cell lines specific for two epitopes derived from the IDDM autoantigen 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65). |
| 14257 | 9645372 | These were GAD65 (88-99), presented by HLA-DRB1*0101, and GAD65 (248-257), presented by HLA-DRB5*0101. |
| 14258 | 9645372 | Our results demonstrate that mono- and polyclonal GAD65-specific T cells from IDDM patients can be stimulated by viral and bacterial peptides with little apparent sequence homology with autoantigenic epitopes. |
| 14259 | 9645372 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease with a predominantly non-hereditary etiology that results in a destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoaggressive T lymphocytes. |
| 14260 | 9645372 | We determined sequential epitope motifs to search for mimicry peptides stimulating T cell lines specific for two epitopes derived from the IDDM autoantigen 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65). |
| 14261 | 9645372 | These were GAD65 (88-99), presented by HLA-DRB1*0101, and GAD65 (248-257), presented by HLA-DRB5*0101. |
| 14262 | 9645372 | Our results demonstrate that mono- and polyclonal GAD65-specific T cells from IDDM patients can be stimulated by viral and bacterial peptides with little apparent sequence homology with autoantigenic epitopes. |
| 14263 | 9645372 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease with a predominantly non-hereditary etiology that results in a destruction of pancreatic beta cells by autoaggressive T lymphocytes. |
| 14264 | 9645372 | We determined sequential epitope motifs to search for mimicry peptides stimulating T cell lines specific for two epitopes derived from the IDDM autoantigen 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65). |
| 14265 | 9645372 | These were GAD65 (88-99), presented by HLA-DRB1*0101, and GAD65 (248-257), presented by HLA-DRB5*0101. |
| 14266 | 9645372 | Our results demonstrate that mono- and polyclonal GAD65-specific T cells from IDDM patients can be stimulated by viral and bacterial peptides with little apparent sequence homology with autoantigenic epitopes. |
| 14267 | 9645989 | Serologic case-control studies have suggested an association between coxsasckie group B viruses and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14268 | 9645990 | Molecular epidemiology of enteroviruses with special reference to their potential role in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14269 | 9649953 | To evaluate the onset age-related autoimmune profile at presentation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibody, islet cell antibody (ICA), and insulin autoantibody (IAA) were measured in 137 newly diagnosed Japanese IDDM patients with onset ages between 0-29 years. |
| 14270 | 9649959 | The prevalence of abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 14271 | 9649959 | Randomised controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that ACE inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate, postpone it and may even prevent progression to clinical overt nephropathy. |
| 14272 | 9649959 | Effective blood pressure reduction with non-ACE-inhibitors and/or ACE-inhibitors frequently in combination with diuretics: (a) reduces albuminuria; (b) delays the progression of nephropathy; (c) postpones renal insufficiency; and (d) improves survival in IDDM and NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14273 | 9649959 | A specific renal protective effect of ACE-inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy has been demonstrated in IDDM patients with moderately reduced kidney function (s-creatinine > 133 mumol/l) while the data conflict with NIDDM patients. |
| 14274 | 9649959 | The prevalence of abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 14275 | 9649959 | Randomised controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that ACE inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate, postpone it and may even prevent progression to clinical overt nephropathy. |
| 14276 | 9649959 | Effective blood pressure reduction with non-ACE-inhibitors and/or ACE-inhibitors frequently in combination with diuretics: (a) reduces albuminuria; (b) delays the progression of nephropathy; (c) postpones renal insufficiency; and (d) improves survival in IDDM and NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14277 | 9649959 | A specific renal protective effect of ACE-inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy has been demonstrated in IDDM patients with moderately reduced kidney function (s-creatinine > 133 mumol/l) while the data conflict with NIDDM patients. |
| 14278 | 9649959 | The prevalence of abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 14279 | 9649959 | Randomised controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that ACE inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate, postpone it and may even prevent progression to clinical overt nephropathy. |
| 14280 | 9649959 | Effective blood pressure reduction with non-ACE-inhibitors and/or ACE-inhibitors frequently in combination with diuretics: (a) reduces albuminuria; (b) delays the progression of nephropathy; (c) postpones renal insufficiency; and (d) improves survival in IDDM and NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14281 | 9649959 | A specific renal protective effect of ACE-inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy has been demonstrated in IDDM patients with moderately reduced kidney function (s-creatinine > 133 mumol/l) while the data conflict with NIDDM patients. |
| 14282 | 9649959 | The prevalence of abnormally elevated albumin excretion rate (> 30 mg/24 h) is approximately 40% in insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients. |
| 14283 | 9649959 | Randomised controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that ACE inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate, postpone it and may even prevent progression to clinical overt nephropathy. |
| 14284 | 9649959 | Effective blood pressure reduction with non-ACE-inhibitors and/or ACE-inhibitors frequently in combination with diuretics: (a) reduces albuminuria; (b) delays the progression of nephropathy; (c) postpones renal insufficiency; and (d) improves survival in IDDM and NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14285 | 9649959 | A specific renal protective effect of ACE-inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy has been demonstrated in IDDM patients with moderately reduced kidney function (s-creatinine > 133 mumol/l) while the data conflict with NIDDM patients. |
| 14286 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14287 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14288 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14289 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14290 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14291 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14292 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14293 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14294 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14295 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14296 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14297 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14298 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14299 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14300 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14301 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14302 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14303 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14304 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14305 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14306 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14307 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14308 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14309 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14310 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14311 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14312 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14313 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14314 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14315 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14316 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14317 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14318 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14319 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14320 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14321 | 9650096 | Cloned T cells from a recent onset IDDM patient reactive with insulin B-chain. |
| 14322 | 9650096 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from selective autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta-cells. |
| 14323 | 9650096 | T-cell reactivity and autoantibodies to several islet proteins such as insulin, GAD and IA-2 are associated with IDDM in mice and men. |
| 14324 | 9650096 | We have isolated and characterized a human insulin-specific T-cell clone that was derived from peripheral blood of a newly diagnosed IDDM patient. |
| 14325 | 9650096 | Functionally, the human insulin-specific CD4+ T cells displayed a Th1/0 like cytokine profile and were restricted by HLA-DR. |
| 14326 | 9650096 | Our results indicate that human clonal T cells isolated from a recent onset IDDM patient recognize an epitope overlapping with the insulin B-chain region that is immunodominant and potentially therapeutic in NOD mice. |
| 14327 | 9650096 | This observation may be useful in studying the role of insulin-specific T cells in IDDM, and may eventually help to establish peptide-based immunotherapies in IDDM. |
| 14328 | 9650286 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is one of the major autoantigens found in insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14329 | 9650286 | A novel hybrid form of GAD was created by fusing amino acids 1-101 of the human GAD67 protein to amino acids 96-585 of the human GAD65 protein. |
| 14330 | 9653017 | This may also be true for rodent models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14331 | 9657625 | The serum concentrations of digoxin-like immunoactivity (DLIA) were measured in 99 patients: 20 healthy volunteers (HV), 15 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 14 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus without hypertension taking oral hypoglycemic (OHA) agents (NIDDM/-HT), 11 patients with NIDDM without hypertension taking insulin (NIDDM/-HT+INS), 12 NIDDM patients with hypertension taking OHA (NIDDM/+HT), nine NIDDM patients with hypertension taking insulin (NIDDM/+HT/+INS), 10 patients with essential hypertension with normal insulin levels (HT/-HI), and in eight patients with essential hypertension with hyperinsulinemia (HT/+HI). |
| 14332 | 9660089 | Lack of association between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 14333 | 9660089 | The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene has been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 14334 | 9660089 | In conclusion, these results suggest that the ACE DD genotype cannot be regarded as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy, but may even be associated with diabetes duration and thus longevity in IDDM patients. |
| 14335 | 9660089 | Lack of association between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 14336 | 9660089 | The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene has been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 14337 | 9660089 | In conclusion, these results suggest that the ACE DD genotype cannot be regarded as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy, but may even be associated with diabetes duration and thus longevity in IDDM patients. |
| 14338 | 9660089 | Lack of association between the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene and diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 14339 | 9660089 | The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene has been reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 14340 | 9660089 | In conclusion, these results suggest that the ACE DD genotype cannot be regarded as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy, but may even be associated with diabetes duration and thus longevity in IDDM patients. |
| 14341 | 9661619 | Modifications induced by plasma from insulin-dependent diabetic patients and by lysophosphatidylcholine on human Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase. |
| 14342 | 9661619 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inhibition of Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K(+)-ATPase) in diabetes mellitus, we incubated Na+,K(+)-ATPase purified from human placenta of six healthy nondiabetic women with plasma from six insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men and six healthy controls and with different concentrations of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). |
| 14343 | 9661619 | The addition of total and protein-free IDDM plasma to normal Na+,K(+)-ATPase significantly inhibited the enzymatic activity even at the lowest concentration studied (1: 100), whereas the ouabain-binding capacity, Kd, and tau were not affected by IDDM plasma. |
| 14344 | 9661619 | Modifications induced by plasma from insulin-dependent diabetic patients and by lysophosphatidylcholine on human Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase. |
| 14345 | 9661619 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inhibition of Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K(+)-ATPase) in diabetes mellitus, we incubated Na+,K(+)-ATPase purified from human placenta of six healthy nondiabetic women with plasma from six insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men and six healthy controls and with different concentrations of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). |
| 14346 | 9661619 | The addition of total and protein-free IDDM plasma to normal Na+,K(+)-ATPase significantly inhibited the enzymatic activity even at the lowest concentration studied (1: 100), whereas the ouabain-binding capacity, Kd, and tau were not affected by IDDM plasma. |
| 14347 | 9662048 | It has previously been observed that offspring of mothers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have a lower risk of IDDM than offspring of IDDM affected fathers. |
| 14348 | 9662049 | We therefore examined the expression of AGE-binding sites on peripheral monocytes, serum levels of AGEs and AGE-induced cytokine production in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to age-matched, healthy control subjects. |
| 14349 | 9662050 | IAA were measured with both assays in samples from 94 new onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 97 control subjects. and 48 first degree relatives of IDDM patients selected for having IAA in the conventional radiobinding assay. |
| 14350 | 9662051 | Fasting homocysteine concentrations were measured in the plasma of 165 diabetic patients (75 with insulin-dependent [IDDM]; 90 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes [NIDDM]) and 56 non-diabetic control subjects. |
| 14351 | 9662408 | During the past decade, the genetics of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been studied extensively and the disorder has become a paradigm for genetically complex diseases. |
| 14352 | 9662410 | It is generally assumed that the male:female (M:F) ratio in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 1. |
| 14353 | 9662410 | We have now analysed the M:F ratio according to genotype at the major locus, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC; IDDM1). |
| 14354 | 9662410 | This is evidence for aetiological heterogeneity at the IDDM1/MHC locus and, therefore, in the search for non-MHC loci in type 1 diabetes, conditioning of linkage data by HLA type is advised. |
| 14355 | 9662410 | It is generally assumed that the male:female (M:F) ratio in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 1. |
| 14356 | 9662410 | We have now analysed the M:F ratio according to genotype at the major locus, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC; IDDM1). |
| 14357 | 9662410 | This is evidence for aetiological heterogeneity at the IDDM1/MHC locus and, therefore, in the search for non-MHC loci in type 1 diabetes, conditioning of linkage data by HLA type is advised. |
| 14358 | 9662410 | It is generally assumed that the male:female (M:F) ratio in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 1. |
| 14359 | 9662410 | We have now analysed the M:F ratio according to genotype at the major locus, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC; IDDM1). |
| 14360 | 9662410 | This is evidence for aetiological heterogeneity at the IDDM1/MHC locus and, therefore, in the search for non-MHC loci in type 1 diabetes, conditioning of linkage data by HLA type is advised. |
| 14361 | 9662409 | Genetic analysis of a mouse model of major histocompatability complex (MHC)-associated autoimmune type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has shown that the disease is caused by a combination of a major effect at the MHC and at least ten other susceptibility loci elsewhere in the genome. |
| 14362 | 9662409 | A genome-wide scan of 93 affected sibpair families (ASP) from the UK (UK93) indicated a similar genetic basis for human type 1 diabetes, with the major genetic component at the MHC locus (IDDM1) explaining 34% of the familial clustering of the disease (lambda(s)=2.5; refs 3,4). |
| 14363 | 9662409 | Only four regions of the genome outside IDDM1/MHC, which was still the only major locus detected, were not excluded at lambda(s)=3 and lod=-2, of which two showed evidence of linkage: chromosome 10p13-p11 (maximum lod score (MLS)=4.7, P=3x10(-6), lambda(s)=1.56) and chromosome 16q22-16q24 (MLS=3.4, P=6.5x10(-5), lambda(s)=1.6). |
| 14364 | 9662409 | Genetic analysis of a mouse model of major histocompatability complex (MHC)-associated autoimmune type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has shown that the disease is caused by a combination of a major effect at the MHC and at least ten other susceptibility loci elsewhere in the genome. |
| 14365 | 9662409 | A genome-wide scan of 93 affected sibpair families (ASP) from the UK (UK93) indicated a similar genetic basis for human type 1 diabetes, with the major genetic component at the MHC locus (IDDM1) explaining 34% of the familial clustering of the disease (lambda(s)=2.5; refs 3,4). |
| 14366 | 9662409 | Only four regions of the genome outside IDDM1/MHC, which was still the only major locus detected, were not excluded at lambda(s)=3 and lod=-2, of which two showed evidence of linkage: chromosome 10p13-p11 (maximum lod score (MLS)=4.7, P=3x10(-6), lambda(s)=1.56) and chromosome 16q22-16q24 (MLS=3.4, P=6.5x10(-5), lambda(s)=1.6). |
| 14367 | 9662409 | Genetic analysis of a mouse model of major histocompatability complex (MHC)-associated autoimmune type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has shown that the disease is caused by a combination of a major effect at the MHC and at least ten other susceptibility loci elsewhere in the genome. |
| 14368 | 9662409 | A genome-wide scan of 93 affected sibpair families (ASP) from the UK (UK93) indicated a similar genetic basis for human type 1 diabetes, with the major genetic component at the MHC locus (IDDM1) explaining 34% of the familial clustering of the disease (lambda(s)=2.5; refs 3,4). |
| 14369 | 9662409 | Only four regions of the genome outside IDDM1/MHC, which was still the only major locus detected, were not excluded at lambda(s)=3 and lod=-2, of which two showed evidence of linkage: chromosome 10p13-p11 (maximum lod score (MLS)=4.7, P=3x10(-6), lambda(s)=1.56) and chromosome 16q22-16q24 (MLS=3.4, P=6.5x10(-5), lambda(s)=1.6). |
| 14370 | 9663434 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a risk factor for periodontitis. |
| 14371 | 9665368 | APAs were detected frequently in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or pituitary dwarfism. |
| 14372 | 9667232 | The impact of pregnancy and food intake on plasma leptin levels was investigated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and healthy normal-weight women. |
| 14373 | 9667232 | Ingestion of the test meal did not affect leptin levels and there were no relationships between leptin and insulin or glucose, for either basal or postprandial (60-minute) levels. |
| 14374 | 9667232 | Only the insulin dose taken by the diabetic women correlated to leptin level. |
| 14375 | 9667787 | We found a case of KSS, who initially presented endocrinological dysfunction such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and had not developed external ophthalmoplegia until the age of 17. |
| 14376 | 9670349 | High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is related to the TaqIB cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphism and smoking, but not to moderate alcohol consumption in insulin-dependent diabetic men. |
| 14377 | 9670349 | We evaluated the effect of moderate alcohol consumption, the CETP gene polymorphism and clinical variables on HDL cholesterol and other lipoprotein parameters in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men. |
| 14378 | 9670349 | Thirteen moderate alcohol using IDDM men (median alcohol consumption 17 g/d) and 13 abstainers, individually matched for the CETP gene polymorphism and clinical factors including smoking, were studied. |
| 14379 | 9670349 | High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is related to the TaqIB cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphism and smoking, but not to moderate alcohol consumption in insulin-dependent diabetic men. |
| 14380 | 9670349 | We evaluated the effect of moderate alcohol consumption, the CETP gene polymorphism and clinical variables on HDL cholesterol and other lipoprotein parameters in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men. |
| 14381 | 9670349 | Thirteen moderate alcohol using IDDM men (median alcohol consumption 17 g/d) and 13 abstainers, individually matched for the CETP gene polymorphism and clinical factors including smoking, were studied. |
| 14382 | 9670839 | For this reason, we investigated autonomic nervous function, and the presence of autoantibodies to sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous structures, to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2/ICA512) in 85 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (mean age 14.7+/-1.6 yr, mean duration of diabetes 6.8+/-3.5 yr), and 45 age and sex-matched healthy subjects. |
| 14383 | 9670839 | GAD and IA-2/ICA512 autoantibodies were detected by radioimmunoprecipitation assay. |
| 14384 | 9670839 | There was no association between autoimmunity to nervous tissue structures and presence of GAD and IA-2/ICA512 Ab, and no correlation between these two autoantibodies and values of cardiovascular tests. |
| 14385 | 9672120 | Diabetes-associated alterations in resting heart rate and blood pressure have been demonstrated in clinical studies and in animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14386 | 9672509 | Lack of a decline in nocturnal blood pressure is associated with an adverse effect on end organs in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14387 | 9672509 | We determined the values for glycosylated hemoglobin (HgbA1), 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, diastolic cardiac function (the ratio of peak E wave to peak A wave velocity (E/A) and indexed peak filling rate ¿PFR/SV¿ by Doppler echocardiography), and albumin excretion rate. |
| 14388 | 9679440 | Five cases with simultaneous onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and thyrotoxicosis are presented: one in an adult patient with manifestations of thyrotoxic crisis, one in early adolescence, two in elderly patients with multinodular goitre and Graves' disease respectively, and finally in a younger IDDM patient thyrotoxicosis had initially been overlooked. |
| 14389 | 9679655 | The activity of the isoenzymes of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG, EC 3.2.1.30) is determined in the serum of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetics (NIDDM) with or without diabetic complications. |
| 14390 | 9679667 | Correlation studies between cytokines expressed in islets and autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice and BB rats have demonstrated that beta-cell destructive insulitis is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN alpha) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, TNF beta, IL-2 and IL-12), whereas non-destructive (benign) insulitis is associated with increased expression of type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the type 3 cytokine (TGF beta). |
| 14391 | 9679667 | Cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, TNF beta and IFN gamma) may be directly cytotoxic to beta-cells by inducing nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the beta-cells. |
| 14392 | 9679667 | In addition, cytokines may sensitize beta-cells to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo by upregulating MHC class I expression on the beta-cells (an action of IFN gamma), and inducing Fas (CD95) expression on beta-cells (actions of IL-1, and possibly TNF alpha and IFN gamma). |
| 14393 | 9679667 | Transgenic expression of cytokines in beta-cells of non-diabetes-prone mice and NOD mice has suggested pathogenic roles for IFN alpha, IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, and protective roles for IL-4, IL-6 and TNF alpha. |
| 14394 | 9679667 | Islet-reactive CD4+ T-cell lines and clones that adoptively transfer IDDM into young NOD mice have a Th1 phenotype (IFN gamma-producing), but other islet-specific Th1 clones that produce TGF beta can adoptively transfer protection against IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14395 | 9679667 | NOD mice with targeted deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma genes still develop IDDM, albeit delayed and slightly less often. |
| 14396 | 9679667 | In contrast, post-natal deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma, also IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-2, and IL-6--by systemic administrations of neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors and receptor antagonists, and receptor-targeted cytotoxic drugs--significantly decrease IDDM incidence in NOD mice and/or BB rats. |
| 14397 | 9679667 | These cytokine deletion studies have provided the best evidence for pathologic roles for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IL-6) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-12) in IDDM development. |
| 14398 | 9679667 | Correlation studies between cytokines expressed in islets and autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice and BB rats have demonstrated that beta-cell destructive insulitis is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN alpha) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, TNF beta, IL-2 and IL-12), whereas non-destructive (benign) insulitis is associated with increased expression of type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the type 3 cytokine (TGF beta). |
| 14399 | 9679667 | Cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, TNF beta and IFN gamma) may be directly cytotoxic to beta-cells by inducing nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the beta-cells. |
| 14400 | 9679667 | In addition, cytokines may sensitize beta-cells to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo by upregulating MHC class I expression on the beta-cells (an action of IFN gamma), and inducing Fas (CD95) expression on beta-cells (actions of IL-1, and possibly TNF alpha and IFN gamma). |
| 14401 | 9679667 | Transgenic expression of cytokines in beta-cells of non-diabetes-prone mice and NOD mice has suggested pathogenic roles for IFN alpha, IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, and protective roles for IL-4, IL-6 and TNF alpha. |
| 14402 | 9679667 | Islet-reactive CD4+ T-cell lines and clones that adoptively transfer IDDM into young NOD mice have a Th1 phenotype (IFN gamma-producing), but other islet-specific Th1 clones that produce TGF beta can adoptively transfer protection against IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14403 | 9679667 | NOD mice with targeted deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma genes still develop IDDM, albeit delayed and slightly less often. |
| 14404 | 9679667 | In contrast, post-natal deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma, also IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-2, and IL-6--by systemic administrations of neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors and receptor antagonists, and receptor-targeted cytotoxic drugs--significantly decrease IDDM incidence in NOD mice and/or BB rats. |
| 14405 | 9679667 | These cytokine deletion studies have provided the best evidence for pathologic roles for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IL-6) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-12) in IDDM development. |
| 14406 | 9679667 | Correlation studies between cytokines expressed in islets and autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice and BB rats have demonstrated that beta-cell destructive insulitis is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN alpha) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, TNF beta, IL-2 and IL-12), whereas non-destructive (benign) insulitis is associated with increased expression of type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the type 3 cytokine (TGF beta). |
| 14407 | 9679667 | Cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, TNF beta and IFN gamma) may be directly cytotoxic to beta-cells by inducing nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the beta-cells. |
| 14408 | 9679667 | In addition, cytokines may sensitize beta-cells to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo by upregulating MHC class I expression on the beta-cells (an action of IFN gamma), and inducing Fas (CD95) expression on beta-cells (actions of IL-1, and possibly TNF alpha and IFN gamma). |
| 14409 | 9679667 | Transgenic expression of cytokines in beta-cells of non-diabetes-prone mice and NOD mice has suggested pathogenic roles for IFN alpha, IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, and protective roles for IL-4, IL-6 and TNF alpha. |
| 14410 | 9679667 | Islet-reactive CD4+ T-cell lines and clones that adoptively transfer IDDM into young NOD mice have a Th1 phenotype (IFN gamma-producing), but other islet-specific Th1 clones that produce TGF beta can adoptively transfer protection against IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14411 | 9679667 | NOD mice with targeted deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma genes still develop IDDM, albeit delayed and slightly less often. |
| 14412 | 9679667 | In contrast, post-natal deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma, also IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-2, and IL-6--by systemic administrations of neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors and receptor antagonists, and receptor-targeted cytotoxic drugs--significantly decrease IDDM incidence in NOD mice and/or BB rats. |
| 14413 | 9679667 | These cytokine deletion studies have provided the best evidence for pathologic roles for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IL-6) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-12) in IDDM development. |
| 14414 | 9679667 | Correlation studies between cytokines expressed in islets and autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice and BB rats have demonstrated that beta-cell destructive insulitis is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN alpha) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, TNF beta, IL-2 and IL-12), whereas non-destructive (benign) insulitis is associated with increased expression of type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the type 3 cytokine (TGF beta). |
| 14415 | 9679667 | Cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, TNF beta and IFN gamma) may be directly cytotoxic to beta-cells by inducing nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the beta-cells. |
| 14416 | 9679667 | In addition, cytokines may sensitize beta-cells to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo by upregulating MHC class I expression on the beta-cells (an action of IFN gamma), and inducing Fas (CD95) expression on beta-cells (actions of IL-1, and possibly TNF alpha and IFN gamma). |
| 14417 | 9679667 | Transgenic expression of cytokines in beta-cells of non-diabetes-prone mice and NOD mice has suggested pathogenic roles for IFN alpha, IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, and protective roles for IL-4, IL-6 and TNF alpha. |
| 14418 | 9679667 | Islet-reactive CD4+ T-cell lines and clones that adoptively transfer IDDM into young NOD mice have a Th1 phenotype (IFN gamma-producing), but other islet-specific Th1 clones that produce TGF beta can adoptively transfer protection against IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14419 | 9679667 | NOD mice with targeted deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma genes still develop IDDM, albeit delayed and slightly less often. |
| 14420 | 9679667 | In contrast, post-natal deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma, also IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-2, and IL-6--by systemic administrations of neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors and receptor antagonists, and receptor-targeted cytotoxic drugs--significantly decrease IDDM incidence in NOD mice and/or BB rats. |
| 14421 | 9679667 | These cytokine deletion studies have provided the best evidence for pathologic roles for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IL-6) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-12) in IDDM development. |
| 14422 | 9679667 | Correlation studies between cytokines expressed in islets and autoimmune diabetes development in NOD mice and BB rats have demonstrated that beta-cell destructive insulitis is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IFN alpha) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, TNF beta, IL-2 and IL-12), whereas non-destructive (benign) insulitis is associated with increased expression of type 2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and the type 3 cytokine (TGF beta). |
| 14423 | 9679667 | Cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, TNF beta and IFN gamma) may be directly cytotoxic to beta-cells by inducing nitric oxide and oxygen free radicals in the beta-cells. |
| 14424 | 9679667 | In addition, cytokines may sensitize beta-cells to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo by upregulating MHC class I expression on the beta-cells (an action of IFN gamma), and inducing Fas (CD95) expression on beta-cells (actions of IL-1, and possibly TNF alpha and IFN gamma). |
| 14425 | 9679667 | Transgenic expression of cytokines in beta-cells of non-diabetes-prone mice and NOD mice has suggested pathogenic roles for IFN alpha, IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-10 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) development, and protective roles for IL-4, IL-6 and TNF alpha. |
| 14426 | 9679667 | Islet-reactive CD4+ T-cell lines and clones that adoptively transfer IDDM into young NOD mice have a Th1 phenotype (IFN gamma-producing), but other islet-specific Th1 clones that produce TGF beta can adoptively transfer protection against IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14427 | 9679667 | NOD mice with targeted deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma genes still develop IDDM, albeit delayed and slightly less often. |
| 14428 | 9679667 | In contrast, post-natal deletions of IL-12 and IFN gamma, also IL-1, TNF alpha, IL-2, and IL-6--by systemic administrations of neutralizing antibodies, soluble receptors and receptor antagonists, and receptor-targeted cytotoxic drugs--significantly decrease IDDM incidence in NOD mice and/or BB rats. |
| 14429 | 9679667 | These cytokine deletion studies have provided the best evidence for pathologic roles for proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF alpha, and IL-6) and type 1 cytokines (IFN gamma, IL-2 and IL-12) in IDDM development. |
| 14430 | 9679670 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has provided evidence which suggests that an important mechanism of the induction of this T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease is a failure in immune regulation. |
| 14431 | 9682907 | We have examined the role of plasma Na+-K+ pump inhibitor (SPI) in the hypertension of streptozotocin induced insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) in reduced renal mass rats. |
| 14432 | 9683605 | Genomewide linkage studies of type 1 diabetes (or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) indicate that several unlinked susceptibility loci can explain the clustering of the disease in families. |
| 14433 | 9684785 | We hypothesized that the effects of glucose and AGEs on endothelial function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are distinct and are reflected by distinct plasma markers of endothelial function. |
| 14434 | 9684785 | We therefore measured plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), soluble (s) E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and evaluated the relationship with HbA1c and urinary excretion of pentosidine, an AGE product, in 56 patients with IDDM. |
| 14435 | 9684785 | We hypothesized that the effects of glucose and AGEs on endothelial function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are distinct and are reflected by distinct plasma markers of endothelial function. |
| 14436 | 9684785 | We therefore measured plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), soluble (s) E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and evaluated the relationship with HbA1c and urinary excretion of pentosidine, an AGE product, in 56 patients with IDDM. |
| 14437 | 9684995 | Susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are strongly associated with alleles of HLA class II DR and DQ genes. |
| 14438 | 9684995 | We have studied HLA DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 allele and haplotype distribution in 152 IDDM children and 103 unrelated healthy individuals from the region of Lodz in central Poland by the polymerase chain reaction and hybridisation with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. |
| 14439 | 9684995 | Susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are strongly associated with alleles of HLA class II DR and DQ genes. |
| 14440 | 9684995 | We have studied HLA DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 allele and haplotype distribution in 152 IDDM children and 103 unrelated healthy individuals from the region of Lodz in central Poland by the polymerase chain reaction and hybridisation with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. |
| 14441 | 9686575 | Recent reports have shown that B cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic mice (NOD). |
| 14442 | 9690057 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to IDDM in a population from central Poland. |
| 14443 | 9690057 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. |
| 14444 | 9690057 | We investigated CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in 192 IDDM children and 136 healthy controls from Central Poland, using allele-specific hybridisation. |
| 14445 | 9690057 | The CTLA-4/G allele was found on 56.0% of chromosomes in IDDM patients as compared to 43.4% in controls (p = 0.002), mostly in homozygous form (31.2% in patients vs 15.4% in controls, p = 0.002). |
| 14446 | 9690057 | Our data indicate that CTLA-4 exon 1 position 49 A/G dimorphism was significantly associated with predisposition to IDDM in our Central Poland population, particularly in patients lacking the strongly predisposing DRB1 alleles. |
| 14447 | 9690057 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to IDDM in a population from central Poland. |
| 14448 | 9690057 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. |
| 14449 | 9690057 | We investigated CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in 192 IDDM children and 136 healthy controls from Central Poland, using allele-specific hybridisation. |
| 14450 | 9690057 | The CTLA-4/G allele was found on 56.0% of chromosomes in IDDM patients as compared to 43.4% in controls (p = 0.002), mostly in homozygous form (31.2% in patients vs 15.4% in controls, p = 0.002). |
| 14451 | 9690057 | Our data indicate that CTLA-4 exon 1 position 49 A/G dimorphism was significantly associated with predisposition to IDDM in our Central Poland population, particularly in patients lacking the strongly predisposing DRB1 alleles. |
| 14452 | 9690057 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to IDDM in a population from central Poland. |
| 14453 | 9690057 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. |
| 14454 | 9690057 | We investigated CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in 192 IDDM children and 136 healthy controls from Central Poland, using allele-specific hybridisation. |
| 14455 | 9690057 | The CTLA-4/G allele was found on 56.0% of chromosomes in IDDM patients as compared to 43.4% in controls (p = 0.002), mostly in homozygous form (31.2% in patients vs 15.4% in controls, p = 0.002). |
| 14456 | 9690057 | Our data indicate that CTLA-4 exon 1 position 49 A/G dimorphism was significantly associated with predisposition to IDDM in our Central Poland population, particularly in patients lacking the strongly predisposing DRB1 alleles. |
| 14457 | 9690057 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to IDDM in a population from central Poland. |
| 14458 | 9690057 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. |
| 14459 | 9690057 | We investigated CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in 192 IDDM children and 136 healthy controls from Central Poland, using allele-specific hybridisation. |
| 14460 | 9690057 | The CTLA-4/G allele was found on 56.0% of chromosomes in IDDM patients as compared to 43.4% in controls (p = 0.002), mostly in homozygous form (31.2% in patients vs 15.4% in controls, p = 0.002). |
| 14461 | 9690057 | Our data indicate that CTLA-4 exon 1 position 49 A/G dimorphism was significantly associated with predisposition to IDDM in our Central Poland population, particularly in patients lacking the strongly predisposing DRB1 alleles. |
| 14462 | 9690057 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism is associated with predisposition to IDDM in a population from central Poland. |
| 14463 | 9690057 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is strongly associated with particular HLA class II alleles. |
| 14464 | 9690057 | We investigated CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (position 49 A/G) in 192 IDDM children and 136 healthy controls from Central Poland, using allele-specific hybridisation. |
| 14465 | 9690057 | The CTLA-4/G allele was found on 56.0% of chromosomes in IDDM patients as compared to 43.4% in controls (p = 0.002), mostly in homozygous form (31.2% in patients vs 15.4% in controls, p = 0.002). |
| 14466 | 9690057 | Our data indicate that CTLA-4 exon 1 position 49 A/G dimorphism was significantly associated with predisposition to IDDM in our Central Poland population, particularly in patients lacking the strongly predisposing DRB1 alleles. |
| 14467 | 9692827 | Kidney biopsies from 15 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria were investigated to obtain quantitative data on the juxtaglomerular apparatus. |
| 14468 | 9693976 | We followed the course of islet cell antibodies (ICA), insulin antibodies (I[A]A), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) and antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA2A) in a patient with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) under multiple immunoadsorption treatments over 6 months. |
| 14469 | 9693975 | Antibodies to ICA512/IA-2 in rodent models of IDDM. |
| 14470 | 9693975 | Antibodies to ICA512/IA-2 are a well established marker of human IDDM and can be detected prior to and soon after the onset of insulin dependency. |
| 14471 | 9693975 | Antibodies to ICA512/IA-2 in rodent models of IDDM. |
| 14472 | 9693975 | Antibodies to ICA512/IA-2 are a well established marker of human IDDM and can be detected prior to and soon after the onset of insulin dependency. |
| 14473 | 9698109 | To study systematically the linear epitope specificity of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we produced 93 overlapping 12-residue synthetic peptides derived from the sequence of the human GAD65 protein and covering the entire length of the protein. |
| 14474 | 9698109 | These peptides were used as antigens in an enzyme immunoassay to screen the sera from 10 IDDM patients, all of which contained at high level autoantibodies directed against GAD65. |
| 14475 | 9698109 | Two of the peptide-reactive IDDM sera, which also bound denatured recombinant GAD65 on western blots, had the highest titers of anti-GAD antibodies in ELISA assay. |
| 14476 | 9698109 | To study systematically the linear epitope specificity of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we produced 93 overlapping 12-residue synthetic peptides derived from the sequence of the human GAD65 protein and covering the entire length of the protein. |
| 14477 | 9698109 | These peptides were used as antigens in an enzyme immunoassay to screen the sera from 10 IDDM patients, all of which contained at high level autoantibodies directed against GAD65. |
| 14478 | 9698109 | Two of the peptide-reactive IDDM sera, which also bound denatured recombinant GAD65 on western blots, had the highest titers of anti-GAD antibodies in ELISA assay. |
| 14479 | 9698109 | To study systematically the linear epitope specificity of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we produced 93 overlapping 12-residue synthetic peptides derived from the sequence of the human GAD65 protein and covering the entire length of the protein. |
| 14480 | 9698109 | These peptides were used as antigens in an enzyme immunoassay to screen the sera from 10 IDDM patients, all of which contained at high level autoantibodies directed against GAD65. |
| 14481 | 9698109 | Two of the peptide-reactive IDDM sera, which also bound denatured recombinant GAD65 on western blots, had the highest titers of anti-GAD antibodies in ELISA assay. |
| 14482 | 9698783 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in a mixed population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus from the southeast of Brazil. |
| 14483 | 9698783 | HLA class II genes are strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14484 | 9698783 | The present study reports the HLA-DRB1 genotyping of 41 IDDM patients and 99 healthy subjects from the Southeast of Brazil (Campinas region). |
| 14485 | 9698783 | HLA-DRB1*03 and *04 alleles were found at significantly higher frequencies among IDDM patients compared to the controls (DRB1*03: 48.8% vs 18.2%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.27; DRB1*04: 43.9% vs 15.1%, P < 0.008, RR = 4.37) and were associated with a susceptibility to the disease. |
| 14486 | 9698783 | In contrast, the HLA-DRB1*11 allele frequency was lower among IDDM patients (7.3% vs 26.3% in controls), but the difference was not significant. |
| 14487 | 9698783 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in a mixed population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus from the southeast of Brazil. |
| 14488 | 9698783 | HLA class II genes are strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14489 | 9698783 | The present study reports the HLA-DRB1 genotyping of 41 IDDM patients and 99 healthy subjects from the Southeast of Brazil (Campinas region). |
| 14490 | 9698783 | HLA-DRB1*03 and *04 alleles were found at significantly higher frequencies among IDDM patients compared to the controls (DRB1*03: 48.8% vs 18.2%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.27; DRB1*04: 43.9% vs 15.1%, P < 0.008, RR = 4.37) and were associated with a susceptibility to the disease. |
| 14491 | 9698783 | In contrast, the HLA-DRB1*11 allele frequency was lower among IDDM patients (7.3% vs 26.3% in controls), but the difference was not significant. |
| 14492 | 9698783 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in a mixed population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus from the southeast of Brazil. |
| 14493 | 9698783 | HLA class II genes are strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14494 | 9698783 | The present study reports the HLA-DRB1 genotyping of 41 IDDM patients and 99 healthy subjects from the Southeast of Brazil (Campinas region). |
| 14495 | 9698783 | HLA-DRB1*03 and *04 alleles were found at significantly higher frequencies among IDDM patients compared to the controls (DRB1*03: 48.8% vs 18.2%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.27; DRB1*04: 43.9% vs 15.1%, P < 0.008, RR = 4.37) and were associated with a susceptibility to the disease. |
| 14496 | 9698783 | In contrast, the HLA-DRB1*11 allele frequency was lower among IDDM patients (7.3% vs 26.3% in controls), but the difference was not significant. |
| 14497 | 9698783 | Distribution of HLA-DRB1 alleles in a mixed population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus from the southeast of Brazil. |
| 14498 | 9698783 | HLA class II genes are strongly associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14499 | 9698783 | The present study reports the HLA-DRB1 genotyping of 41 IDDM patients and 99 healthy subjects from the Southeast of Brazil (Campinas region). |
| 14500 | 9698783 | HLA-DRB1*03 and *04 alleles were found at significantly higher frequencies among IDDM patients compared to the controls (DRB1*03: 48.8% vs 18.2%, P < 0.005, RR = 4.27; DRB1*04: 43.9% vs 15.1%, P < 0.008, RR = 4.37) and were associated with a susceptibility to the disease. |
| 14501 | 9698783 | In contrast, the HLA-DRB1*11 allele frequency was lower among IDDM patients (7.3% vs 26.3% in controls), but the difference was not significant. |
| 14502 | 9699087 | Determination of mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lymphocytes from children with IDDM by RT-PCR technique. |
| 14503 | 9699087 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 14504 | 9699087 | Antigens are presented to Th-lymphocytes which can be divided into Th1- and Th2-lymphocytes, producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) respectively. |
| 14505 | 9699087 | The expression of mRNA for IL-4, and to a lesser degree IFN-gamma, is increased in lymphocytes stimulated with tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 14506 | 9699087 | In a pilot application, the lymphocytes from children with newly diagnosed IDDM were stimulated with a peptide of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (a.a. 247-279) known to have a similar aminoacid sequence as the Coxsackie B virus (a.a. 32-47). |
| 14507 | 9699087 | Increased IFN-gamma mRNA could be seen in two out of four children, whereas IL-4 showed a less pronounced mRNA expression. |
| 14508 | 9699087 | No increased mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be seen in healthy HLA-matched controls. |
| 14509 | 9699087 | Further studies are needed to confirm whether increased IFN-gamma mRNA in Th1-like lymphocytes stimulated with this specific GAD-peptide play a role in the cell-mediated immune response seen in children early after the onset of IDDM. |
| 14510 | 9699087 | Determination of mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lymphocytes from children with IDDM by RT-PCR technique. |
| 14511 | 9699087 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 14512 | 9699087 | Antigens are presented to Th-lymphocytes which can be divided into Th1- and Th2-lymphocytes, producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) respectively. |
| 14513 | 9699087 | The expression of mRNA for IL-4, and to a lesser degree IFN-gamma, is increased in lymphocytes stimulated with tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 14514 | 9699087 | In a pilot application, the lymphocytes from children with newly diagnosed IDDM were stimulated with a peptide of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (a.a. 247-279) known to have a similar aminoacid sequence as the Coxsackie B virus (a.a. 32-47). |
| 14515 | 9699087 | Increased IFN-gamma mRNA could be seen in two out of four children, whereas IL-4 showed a less pronounced mRNA expression. |
| 14516 | 9699087 | No increased mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be seen in healthy HLA-matched controls. |
| 14517 | 9699087 | Further studies are needed to confirm whether increased IFN-gamma mRNA in Th1-like lymphocytes stimulated with this specific GAD-peptide play a role in the cell-mediated immune response seen in children early after the onset of IDDM. |
| 14518 | 9699087 | Determination of mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lymphocytes from children with IDDM by RT-PCR technique. |
| 14519 | 9699087 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 14520 | 9699087 | Antigens are presented to Th-lymphocytes which can be divided into Th1- and Th2-lymphocytes, producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) respectively. |
| 14521 | 9699087 | The expression of mRNA for IL-4, and to a lesser degree IFN-gamma, is increased in lymphocytes stimulated with tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 14522 | 9699087 | In a pilot application, the lymphocytes from children with newly diagnosed IDDM were stimulated with a peptide of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (a.a. 247-279) known to have a similar aminoacid sequence as the Coxsackie B virus (a.a. 32-47). |
| 14523 | 9699087 | Increased IFN-gamma mRNA could be seen in two out of four children, whereas IL-4 showed a less pronounced mRNA expression. |
| 14524 | 9699087 | No increased mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be seen in healthy HLA-matched controls. |
| 14525 | 9699087 | Further studies are needed to confirm whether increased IFN-gamma mRNA in Th1-like lymphocytes stimulated with this specific GAD-peptide play a role in the cell-mediated immune response seen in children early after the onset of IDDM. |
| 14526 | 9699087 | Determination of mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lymphocytes from children with IDDM by RT-PCR technique. |
| 14527 | 9699087 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 14528 | 9699087 | Antigens are presented to Th-lymphocytes which can be divided into Th1- and Th2-lymphocytes, producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) respectively. |
| 14529 | 9699087 | The expression of mRNA for IL-4, and to a lesser degree IFN-gamma, is increased in lymphocytes stimulated with tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 14530 | 9699087 | In a pilot application, the lymphocytes from children with newly diagnosed IDDM were stimulated with a peptide of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) (a.a. 247-279) known to have a similar aminoacid sequence as the Coxsackie B virus (a.a. 32-47). |
| 14531 | 9699087 | Increased IFN-gamma mRNA could be seen in two out of four children, whereas IL-4 showed a less pronounced mRNA expression. |
| 14532 | 9699087 | No increased mRNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-4 could be seen in healthy HLA-matched controls. |
| 14533 | 9699087 | Further studies are needed to confirm whether increased IFN-gamma mRNA in Th1-like lymphocytes stimulated with this specific GAD-peptide play a role in the cell-mediated immune response seen in children early after the onset of IDDM. |
| 14534 | 9707599 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 is a pancreatic beta cell autoantigen implicated as a target of T cells that initiate and sustain insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 14535 | 9707599 | In an attempt to establish immunological tolerance toward GAD65 in NOD mice, and thereby to test the importance of GAD in IDDM, we generated three lines transgenic for murine GAD65 driven by a major histocompatibility complex class I promoter. |
| 14536 | 9707599 | Thus, the failure of NOD mice to develop tolerance toward GAD65 reflects at minimum a basic defect in central tolerance, not seen in animals not predisposed to IDDM. |
| 14537 | 9707599 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 is a pancreatic beta cell autoantigen implicated as a target of T cells that initiate and sustain insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 14538 | 9707599 | In an attempt to establish immunological tolerance toward GAD65 in NOD mice, and thereby to test the importance of GAD in IDDM, we generated three lines transgenic for murine GAD65 driven by a major histocompatibility complex class I promoter. |
| 14539 | 9707599 | Thus, the failure of NOD mice to develop tolerance toward GAD65 reflects at minimum a basic defect in central tolerance, not seen in animals not predisposed to IDDM. |
| 14540 | 9707599 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 is a pancreatic beta cell autoantigen implicated as a target of T cells that initiate and sustain insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans and in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 14541 | 9707599 | In an attempt to establish immunological tolerance toward GAD65 in NOD mice, and thereby to test the importance of GAD in IDDM, we generated three lines transgenic for murine GAD65 driven by a major histocompatibility complex class I promoter. |
| 14542 | 9707599 | Thus, the failure of NOD mice to develop tolerance toward GAD65 reflects at minimum a basic defect in central tolerance, not seen in animals not predisposed to IDDM. |
| 14543 | 9709964 | There were four groups of volunteers at UNMHSC: group I, normal subjects; group II, patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without DN; group III, IDDM with DN; and group IV, nondiabetics with kidney disease. |
| 14544 | 9709972 | Divergence between genetic determinants of IGF2 transcription levels in leukocytes and of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14545 | 9709972 | The IDDM2 susceptibility locus in type 1 diabetes corresponds to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14546 | 9709972 | IGF2 has been considered a prime candidate for mediating IDDM2-encoded susceptibility because of its proximity to the VNTR, mitogenic properties and parental effects at IDDM2 suggest the involvement of an imprinted gene. |
| 14547 | 9709972 | The absence of transcriptional effects in leukocytes on IGF2 by the VNTR, which is the disease-predisposing locus, and the presence of a strong association between IGF2 levels and ApaI, which is not associated with the disease, argue against IGF2 expression in leukocytes as the mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility. |
| 14548 | 9709972 | Taken together, these results support studies suggesting that INS expression in the thymus is a primary target of the IDDM2 susceptibility locus. |
| 14549 | 9709972 | Divergence between genetic determinants of IGF2 transcription levels in leukocytes and of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14550 | 9709972 | The IDDM2 susceptibility locus in type 1 diabetes corresponds to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14551 | 9709972 | IGF2 has been considered a prime candidate for mediating IDDM2-encoded susceptibility because of its proximity to the VNTR, mitogenic properties and parental effects at IDDM2 suggest the involvement of an imprinted gene. |
| 14552 | 9709972 | The absence of transcriptional effects in leukocytes on IGF2 by the VNTR, which is the disease-predisposing locus, and the presence of a strong association between IGF2 levels and ApaI, which is not associated with the disease, argue against IGF2 expression in leukocytes as the mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility. |
| 14553 | 9709972 | Taken together, these results support studies suggesting that INS expression in the thymus is a primary target of the IDDM2 susceptibility locus. |
| 14554 | 9709972 | Divergence between genetic determinants of IGF2 transcription levels in leukocytes and of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14555 | 9709972 | The IDDM2 susceptibility locus in type 1 diabetes corresponds to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14556 | 9709972 | IGF2 has been considered a prime candidate for mediating IDDM2-encoded susceptibility because of its proximity to the VNTR, mitogenic properties and parental effects at IDDM2 suggest the involvement of an imprinted gene. |
| 14557 | 9709972 | The absence of transcriptional effects in leukocytes on IGF2 by the VNTR, which is the disease-predisposing locus, and the presence of a strong association between IGF2 levels and ApaI, which is not associated with the disease, argue against IGF2 expression in leukocytes as the mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility. |
| 14558 | 9709972 | Taken together, these results support studies suggesting that INS expression in the thymus is a primary target of the IDDM2 susceptibility locus. |
| 14559 | 9709972 | Divergence between genetic determinants of IGF2 transcription levels in leukocytes and of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14560 | 9709972 | The IDDM2 susceptibility locus in type 1 diabetes corresponds to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14561 | 9709972 | IGF2 has been considered a prime candidate for mediating IDDM2-encoded susceptibility because of its proximity to the VNTR, mitogenic properties and parental effects at IDDM2 suggest the involvement of an imprinted gene. |
| 14562 | 9709972 | The absence of transcriptional effects in leukocytes on IGF2 by the VNTR, which is the disease-predisposing locus, and the presence of a strong association between IGF2 levels and ApaI, which is not associated with the disease, argue against IGF2 expression in leukocytes as the mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility. |
| 14563 | 9709972 | Taken together, these results support studies suggesting that INS expression in the thymus is a primary target of the IDDM2 susceptibility locus. |
| 14564 | 9709972 | Divergence between genetic determinants of IGF2 transcription levels in leukocytes and of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 14565 | 9709972 | The IDDM2 susceptibility locus in type 1 diabetes corresponds to a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) upstream of the insulin (INS) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) genes. |
| 14566 | 9709972 | IGF2 has been considered a prime candidate for mediating IDDM2-encoded susceptibility because of its proximity to the VNTR, mitogenic properties and parental effects at IDDM2 suggest the involvement of an imprinted gene. |
| 14567 | 9709972 | The absence of transcriptional effects in leukocytes on IGF2 by the VNTR, which is the disease-predisposing locus, and the presence of a strong association between IGF2 levels and ApaI, which is not associated with the disease, argue against IGF2 expression in leukocytes as the mediator of IDDM2-encoded susceptibility. |
| 14568 | 9709972 | Taken together, these results support studies suggesting that INS expression in the thymus is a primary target of the IDDM2 susceptibility locus. |
| 14569 | 9710355 | Development of hyperglycemia with subsequent ketoacidosis is one of the potential risks of a sudden cessation of insulin delivery during continuous insulin infusion therapy with insulin pumps in patients with IDDM. |
| 14570 | 9712353 | Pancreatic islet beta cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be mediated by a T-helper 1 (T(H)1) lymphocyte response to islet antigens. |
| 14571 | 9712353 | In the mouse, T(H)1 (IL-2, IFN-gamma) and T(H)2 (IL-4, -5, -6, -10) responses are associated with the generation of IgG2a and IgG1 subclasses, respectively. |
| 14572 | 9712353 | Because the IgG subclass response to an antigen may be a potentially useful marker of T(H)1/T(H)2 immune balance we measured IgG subclass antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a major islet autoantigen in IDDM, in 34 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients and in 28 at-risk, first-degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 14573 | 9712353 | Pancreatic islet beta cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is believed to be mediated by a T-helper 1 (T(H)1) lymphocyte response to islet antigens. |
| 14574 | 9712353 | In the mouse, T(H)1 (IL-2, IFN-gamma) and T(H)2 (IL-4, -5, -6, -10) responses are associated with the generation of IgG2a and IgG1 subclasses, respectively. |
| 14575 | 9712353 | Because the IgG subclass response to an antigen may be a potentially useful marker of T(H)1/T(H)2 immune balance we measured IgG subclass antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a major islet autoantigen in IDDM, in 34 newly-diagnosed IDDM patients and in 28 at-risk, first-degree relatives of people with IDDM. |
| 14576 | 9713762 | The product could find application in infant formulas for therapeutic and preventive treatment of children with cow's milk allergy; in addition, the preventive use of such formulas in children genetically susceptible to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) should be considered if a relationship between the consumption of BSA and IDDM were to become more apparent. |
| 14577 | 9714764 | A gene encoding a novel transmembrane protein was identified by DNA sequence analysis within the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) locus IDDM4 on chromosome 11q13. |
| 14578 | 9714764 | The gene, termed low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5 (LRP5), encodes a protein of 1615 amino acids that contains conserved modules which are characteristic of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family. |
| 14579 | 9714764 | These modules include a putative signal peptide for protein export, four epidermal growth factor (EGF) repeats with associated spacer domains, three LDL-receptor (LDLR) repeats, a single transmembrane spanning domain, and a cytoplasmic domain. |
| 14580 | 9714764 | The encoded protein has a unique organization of EGF and LDLR repeats; therefore, LRP5 likely represents a new category of the LDLR family. |
| 14581 | 9719467 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease that results from autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 14582 | 9719467 | Type 1 cytokines--interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon gamma (IFNgamma), and tumor necrosis factor beta (TNFbeta), dominate over an immunoregulatory (suppressor) Th2 subset of T cells and their cytokine products, i.e. |
| 14583 | 9719467 | Type 2 cytokines--IL-4 and IL-10. |
| 14584 | 9719467 | Type 1 cytokines activate (1) cytotoxic T cells that interact specifically with beta-cells and destroy them, and (2) macrophages to produce proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1 and TNFalpha), and oxygen and nitrogen free radicals that are highly toxic to islet beta-cells. |
| 14585 | 9719467 | Furthermore, the cytokines IL-1, TNFalpha, and IFNgamma are cytotoxic to beta-cells, in large part by inducing the formation of oxygen free radicals, nitric oxide, and peroxynitrite in the beta-cells themselves. |
| 14586 | 9721080 | In the present study, we assess intramuscular DNA injection as a means of systemically delivering interleukin 10 (IL-10), a cytokine with immunosuppressive properties, and preventing the progression of autoimmune diabetes in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, an excellent model for human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14587 | 9722685 | Studies on patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) indicate results similar to those found in studies on NIDDM. |
| 14588 | 9722687 | Based on our clinical observations that patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are subject to periodontal disease, we developed the hypothesis that hyper- or hypoglycemia might contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic periodontitis. |
| 14589 | 9722687 | Hyperglycemia progressively glycates body proteins, forming advanced glycation end products (AGE), which stimulate phagocytes to release inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-6. |
| 14590 | 9722689 | PGE2, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha responses in diabetics as modifiers of periodontal disease expression. |
| 14591 | 9722689 | We have recently examined the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) mediator level, monocytic secretion, and clinical presentation of 39 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 64 non-diabetic patients with various degrees of periodontal health and disease. |
| 14592 | 9722689 | Among diabetics, GCF TNF-alpha levels were only marginally detectable and no significant difference was found between group A and group B patients. |
| 14593 | 9722689 | Data suggest that the diabetic state results in a significantly upregulated monocytic secretion of PGE2 (4.2-fold), IL-1 beta (4.4-fold), and TNF-alpha (4.6-fold) when compared to non-diabetic controls. |
| 14594 | 9722689 | Within diabetics, LPS dose-response curves demonstrated that monocytes from group B patients secreted approximately 3 times more PGE2 and 6.2 times more TNF-alpha than those from group A; however, there was no significant difference in monocytic IL-1 beta secretion between the 2 diabetic groups. |
| 14595 | 9722689 | Furthermore, within diabetics, individuals with moderate to severe periodontitis (group B) have significantly elevated monocytic secretion of PGE2 and TNF-alpha upon LPS challenge and significantly higher GCF levels of PGE2 and IL-1 beta when compared to patients with gingivitis or mild periodontal disease (group A). |
| 14596 | 9724775 | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common autoimmune disease, is associated in families with other autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14597 | 9724775 | Four of the loci implicated in IDDM potentially overlap with these regions: the putative IDDM6, IDDM9, IDDM13, and DXS998 loci. |
| 14598 | 9724775 | Candidate genes include those coding for CD80 and CD86, molecules involved in antigen-specific T cell recognition. |
| 14599 | 9724775 | Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the most common autoimmune disease, is associated in families with other autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14600 | 9724775 | Four of the loci implicated in IDDM potentially overlap with these regions: the putative IDDM6, IDDM9, IDDM13, and DXS998 loci. |
| 14601 | 9724775 | Candidate genes include those coding for CD80 and CD86, molecules involved in antigen-specific T cell recognition. |
| 14602 | 9725265 | Humans with pancreatic islet autoimmunity at high risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) present the opportunity to investigate DC in autoimmune disease. |
| 14603 | 9725265 | While the DC phenotype, HLA-DR+CD14-, was expressed by > or =90% of the cells generated from relatives and controls, the proportion of cells that expressed CD1a and the costimulator molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14604 | 9725265 | In addition, B7-1 and B7-2 expression per cell was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14605 | 9725265 | Humans with pancreatic islet autoimmunity at high risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) present the opportunity to investigate DC in autoimmune disease. |
| 14606 | 9725265 | While the DC phenotype, HLA-DR+CD14-, was expressed by > or =90% of the cells generated from relatives and controls, the proportion of cells that expressed CD1a and the costimulator molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14607 | 9725265 | In addition, B7-1 and B7-2 expression per cell was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14608 | 9725265 | Humans with pancreatic islet autoimmunity at high risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) present the opportunity to investigate DC in autoimmune disease. |
| 14609 | 9725265 | While the DC phenotype, HLA-DR+CD14-, was expressed by > or =90% of the cells generated from relatives and controls, the proportion of cells that expressed CD1a and the costimulator molecules CD80 (B7-1) and CD86 (B7-2) was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14610 | 9725265 | In addition, B7-1 and B7-2 expression per cell was significantly lower in IDDM relatives. |
| 14611 | 9727374 | This study provides a systematic review of all cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus of any race, examining the relationship between the ACE-insertion/deletion polymorphism and nephropathy. |
| 14612 | 9727374 | Although this analysis fails to confirm an association between the ACE-insertion/deletion genotype and nephropathy in Caucasians with NIDDM or IDDM, a role for this genetic marker in Asian patients cannot be ruled out. |
| 14613 | 9727374 | This study provides a systematic review of all cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus of any race, examining the relationship between the ACE-insertion/deletion polymorphism and nephropathy. |
| 14614 | 9727374 | Although this analysis fails to confirm an association between the ACE-insertion/deletion genotype and nephropathy in Caucasians with NIDDM or IDDM, a role for this genetic marker in Asian patients cannot be ruled out. |
| 14615 | 9737664 | Expression, characterization, processing and immunogenicity of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoantigen, IA-2, in Sf-9 cells. |
| 14616 | 9737664 | Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14617 | 9737664 | IA-2, a newly isolated transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM and the precursor of a 40-kD tryptic fragment. |
| 14618 | 9737664 | IA-2 expression was analysed by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-radiolabelled proteins with rabbit antisera or IDDM sera. |
| 14619 | 9737664 | Baculovirus-expressed IA-2 was as sensitive or slightly more sensitive than in vitro translated IA-2 in detecting autoantibodies to IA-2: 66% of sera from newly diagnosed IDDM patients reacted with baculovirus-expressed IA-2 compared with 59% of the same sera which reacted with in vitro translated IA-2. |
| 14620 | 9737664 | It is concluded that baculovirus-expressed IA-2 is a good source of autoantigen and that a number of lower molecular weight fragments with which IDDM autoantibodies react are derived from the 120-kD full-length IA-2 molecule. |
| 14621 | 9737664 | Expression, characterization, processing and immunogenicity of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoantigen, IA-2, in Sf-9 cells. |
| 14622 | 9737664 | Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14623 | 9737664 | IA-2, a newly isolated transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM and the precursor of a 40-kD tryptic fragment. |
| 14624 | 9737664 | IA-2 expression was analysed by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-radiolabelled proteins with rabbit antisera or IDDM sera. |
| 14625 | 9737664 | Baculovirus-expressed IA-2 was as sensitive or slightly more sensitive than in vitro translated IA-2 in detecting autoantibodies to IA-2: 66% of sera from newly diagnosed IDDM patients reacted with baculovirus-expressed IA-2 compared with 59% of the same sera which reacted with in vitro translated IA-2. |
| 14626 | 9737664 | It is concluded that baculovirus-expressed IA-2 is a good source of autoantigen and that a number of lower molecular weight fragments with which IDDM autoantibodies react are derived from the 120-kD full-length IA-2 molecule. |
| 14627 | 9737664 | Expression, characterization, processing and immunogenicity of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoantigen, IA-2, in Sf-9 cells. |
| 14628 | 9737664 | Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14629 | 9737664 | IA-2, a newly isolated transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM and the precursor of a 40-kD tryptic fragment. |
| 14630 | 9737664 | IA-2 expression was analysed by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-radiolabelled proteins with rabbit antisera or IDDM sera. |
| 14631 | 9737664 | Baculovirus-expressed IA-2 was as sensitive or slightly more sensitive than in vitro translated IA-2 in detecting autoantibodies to IA-2: 66% of sera from newly diagnosed IDDM patients reacted with baculovirus-expressed IA-2 compared with 59% of the same sera which reacted with in vitro translated IA-2. |
| 14632 | 9737664 | It is concluded that baculovirus-expressed IA-2 is a good source of autoantigen and that a number of lower molecular weight fragments with which IDDM autoantibodies react are derived from the 120-kD full-length IA-2 molecule. |
| 14633 | 9737664 | Expression, characterization, processing and immunogenicity of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoantigen, IA-2, in Sf-9 cells. |
| 14634 | 9737664 | Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14635 | 9737664 | IA-2, a newly isolated transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM and the precursor of a 40-kD tryptic fragment. |
| 14636 | 9737664 | IA-2 expression was analysed by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-radiolabelled proteins with rabbit antisera or IDDM sera. |
| 14637 | 9737664 | Baculovirus-expressed IA-2 was as sensitive or slightly more sensitive than in vitro translated IA-2 in detecting autoantibodies to IA-2: 66% of sera from newly diagnosed IDDM patients reacted with baculovirus-expressed IA-2 compared with 59% of the same sera which reacted with in vitro translated IA-2. |
| 14638 | 9737664 | It is concluded that baculovirus-expressed IA-2 is a good source of autoantigen and that a number of lower molecular weight fragments with which IDDM autoantibodies react are derived from the 120-kD full-length IA-2 molecule. |
| 14639 | 9737664 | Expression, characterization, processing and immunogenicity of an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus autoantigen, IA-2, in Sf-9 cells. |
| 14640 | 9737664 | Autoantibodies to a 64-kD protein and a 40-kD tryptic fragment from pancreatic islets have been detected at high frequency in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14641 | 9737664 | IA-2, a newly isolated transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, is a major islet cell autoantigen in IDDM and the precursor of a 40-kD tryptic fragment. |
| 14642 | 9737664 | IA-2 expression was analysed by Western blot and by immunoprecipitation of 35S-methionine-radiolabelled proteins with rabbit antisera or IDDM sera. |
| 14643 | 9737664 | Baculovirus-expressed IA-2 was as sensitive or slightly more sensitive than in vitro translated IA-2 in detecting autoantibodies to IA-2: 66% of sera from newly diagnosed IDDM patients reacted with baculovirus-expressed IA-2 compared with 59% of the same sera which reacted with in vitro translated IA-2. |
| 14644 | 9737664 | It is concluded that baculovirus-expressed IA-2 is a good source of autoantigen and that a number of lower molecular weight fragments with which IDDM autoantibodies react are derived from the 120-kD full-length IA-2 molecule. |
| 14645 | 9743359 | Sequence variability in MHC class II molecules plays a major role in genetically determined susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14646 | 9744748 | To evaluate the ADS in an autoimmune disease, we determined T cell responses to the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-associated autoantigen IA-2ic in patients with recent-onset IDDM. |
| 14647 | 9745836 | Of 10,800 Omani who performed the Hajj in 1996, the 169 Hajjees with diabetes mellitus (prevalence rate 16 per 1000) included four per cent insulin dependent (IDDM), seven per cent on dietary control, and 89% on oral hypoglycaemic agents. |
| 14648 | 9747643 | The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of urinary kallikrein in the regulation of renal hemodynamics and sodium handling in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and to test the effect of acutely induced hyperglycemia. |
| 14649 | 9747645 | A retrospective, semi-structured telephone interview was used to collect data from 28 of 31 families who participated in a pilot study testing subcutaneous insulin as a means to prevent or delay insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) onset. |
| 14650 | 9747645 | Most participants reported that they were distressed to learn that they or a family member were at risk for IDDM, and families readily agreed to initiate subcutaneous insulin therapy. |
| 14651 | 9747645 | Participants remained enthusiastic about trial participation; most favored screening programs to identify those at risk for IDDM, believed screening should be conducted regardless of age, believed subcutaneous insulin prevented or delayed IDDM onset, and would recommend subcutaneous insulin therapy to another high-risk individual. |
| 14652 | 9747645 | A retrospective, semi-structured telephone interview was used to collect data from 28 of 31 families who participated in a pilot study testing subcutaneous insulin as a means to prevent or delay insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) onset. |
| 14653 | 9747645 | Most participants reported that they were distressed to learn that they or a family member were at risk for IDDM, and families readily agreed to initiate subcutaneous insulin therapy. |
| 14654 | 9747645 | Participants remained enthusiastic about trial participation; most favored screening programs to identify those at risk for IDDM, believed screening should be conducted regardless of age, believed subcutaneous insulin prevented or delayed IDDM onset, and would recommend subcutaneous insulin therapy to another high-risk individual. |
| 14655 | 9747645 | A retrospective, semi-structured telephone interview was used to collect data from 28 of 31 families who participated in a pilot study testing subcutaneous insulin as a means to prevent or delay insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) onset. |
| 14656 | 9747645 | Most participants reported that they were distressed to learn that they or a family member were at risk for IDDM, and families readily agreed to initiate subcutaneous insulin therapy. |
| 14657 | 9747645 | Participants remained enthusiastic about trial participation; most favored screening programs to identify those at risk for IDDM, believed screening should be conducted regardless of age, believed subcutaneous insulin prevented or delayed IDDM onset, and would recommend subcutaneous insulin therapy to another high-risk individual. |
| 14658 | 9747965 | Several crossing studies with diabetic BB rats have shown that in addition to the lymphopenia (Iddm1) and the MHC class II genes of the RT1U haplotype (Iddm2) there are further non-MHC genes essential for diabetes development. |
| 14659 | 9747965 | The percentage of diabetics in Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygotes confirmed the existence of the third gene, Iddm3, but there were some sex differences; significantly more male than female BC1W-F and significantly more BC1DA-M than BC1DA-F males were diabetic. |
| 14660 | 9747965 | Several crossing studies with diabetic BB rats have shown that in addition to the lymphopenia (Iddm1) and the MHC class II genes of the RT1U haplotype (Iddm2) there are further non-MHC genes essential for diabetes development. |
| 14661 | 9747965 | The percentage of diabetics in Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygotes confirmed the existence of the third gene, Iddm3, but there were some sex differences; significantly more male than female BC1W-F and significantly more BC1DA-M than BC1DA-F males were diabetic. |
| 14662 | 9752891 | Ambulatory blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in diabetic (non-insulin-dependent and insulin-dependent) hypertensive patients: relationships at baseline and after treatment by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor trandolapril. |
| 14663 | 9752891 | The aim of the present study was to examine the relationships between ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in diabetic (non-insulin dependent [NIDDM] and insulin-dependent [IDDM]) hypertensives at baseline and after treatment by an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. |
| 14664 | 9753294 | Susceptibility to the human autoimmune disease IDDM is strongly associated with those haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) carrying DQB1 alleles that do not encode aspartic acid at codon 57. |
| 14665 | 9753294 | This inhibition was partially reversed by treatment of the recipients with a combination of anti-interleukin (IL)-4 and anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibodies. |
| 14666 | 9753294 | Thus, a transgenic class II MHC allele encoding aspartic acid at B57 prevents diabetes, in part, by promoting the production of IL-4 and IL-10, which interfere with the effector phase of the diabetic process. |
| 14667 | 9753297 | We therefore analyzed the HLA-DR binding affinities of synthetic peptides covering the entire sequences of GAD65, islet cell antigen 69 (ICA69), and (pro)insulin, which are candidate antigens in the autoimmune process of T-cell-mediated destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 14668 | 9753297 | The results demonstrate the following. 1) (Pro)insulin peptides display a strong binding affinity for HLA-DR2, which is associated with negative genetic predisposition to IDDM, whereas poor binding was observed for HLA-DR molecules neutrally or positively associated with IDDM. |
| 14669 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14670 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14671 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14672 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14673 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14674 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14675 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14676 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14677 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14678 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14679 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14680 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14681 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14682 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14683 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14684 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14685 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14686 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14687 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14688 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14689 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14690 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14691 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14692 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14693 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14694 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14695 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14696 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14697 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14698 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14699 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14700 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14701 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14702 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14703 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14704 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14705 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14706 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14707 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14708 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14709 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14710 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14711 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14712 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14713 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14714 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14715 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14716 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14717 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14718 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14719 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14720 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14721 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14722 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14723 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14724 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14725 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14726 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14727 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14728 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14729 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14730 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14731 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14732 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14733 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14734 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14735 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14736 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14737 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14738 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14739 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14740 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14741 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14742 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14743 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14744 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14745 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14746 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14747 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14748 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14749 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14750 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14751 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14752 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14753 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14754 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14755 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14756 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14757 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14758 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14759 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14760 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14761 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14762 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14763 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14764 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14765 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14766 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14767 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14768 | 9754810 | Antibodies to the protein tyrosine phosphatases IAR and IA-2 are associated with progression to insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in first-degree relatives at-risk for IDDM. |
| 14769 | 9754810 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is preceded by the presence of antibodies against islet proteins including a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) designated IA-2. |
| 14770 | 9754810 | Recently, we cloned a novel PTP named IAR which shares 43% sequence identity with IA-2 and is recognised by antibodies from a majority of patients with IDDM. |
| 14771 | 9754810 | The aim of the present study was to determine whether IAR antibodies (IAR Ab) or IA-2 antibodies (IA-2 Ab) are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives "at-risk" for IDDM (operationally defined as those with islet cell antibodies [ICA] > or = 20JDFU or insulin autoantibodies [IAA] > or = 100 nU/ml), and to examine combinations of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab in these subjects. |
| 14772 | 9754810 | Using number of affected siblings as a covariable, both IAR and IA-2 antibodies were significantly associated with progression to IDDM (p < 0.005). |
| 14773 | 9754810 | The threshold of positivity for IAR Ab (0.5 units) and IA-2 Ab (3.0 units) assays was adjusted to give the same specificity (97.9%) for each assay in 144 healthy control subjects, to allow standardised comparisons. |
| 14774 | 9754810 | Levels of IAR Ab and IA-2 Ab were strongly correlated in 53 recent-onset IDDM patients (r = 0.70, p < 0.0001) but 11.3% had IAR Ab in the absence of IA-2 Ab and 16.9% had IA-2 Ab in the absence of IAR Ab. |
| 14775 | 9754810 | The sensitivity for IDDM (defined as the proportion of IDDM patients positive) was 56.6% for IAR Ab and 62.3% for IA-2 Ab. |
| 14776 | 9754810 | We conclude that there is considerable overlap in IA-2 Ab and IAR Ab positivity, although either antibody can occur independently in IDDM patients. |
| 14777 | 9754810 | Both IAR Ab and IA-2 antibodies are associated with progression to IDDM in first-degree relatives at-risk of IDDM, but the use of IAR and IA-2 antibodies in combination are not significantly more strongly associated with progression than single antibodies. |
| 14778 | 9754810 | IAR Ab may play an important role in the prediction of IDDM. |
| 14779 | 9754833 | A susceptibility locus (IDDM2) for Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus has been identified as allelic variation at a variable number of tandem repeats polymorphic region upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 14780 | 9757911 | Characterization of self-glutamic acid decarboxylase 65-reactive CD4+ T-cell clones established from Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14781 | 9757911 | To investigate autoimmunity to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 in Japanese patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes), we established seven CD4+ T-cell clones, by stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of six IDDM patients, using a mixture of overlapping human GAD65 peptides. |
| 14782 | 9760119 | Twenty-five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 25 age- and gender-matched controls were studied. |
| 14783 | 9760119 | This study confirms the reduction of the ACh-induced flare in human patients with IDDM and has demonstrated relatively rapid effects of insulin on this cutaneous neurogenic response. |
| 14784 | 9760119 | Twenty-five patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 25 age- and gender-matched controls were studied. |
| 14785 | 9760119 | This study confirms the reduction of the ACh-induced flare in human patients with IDDM and has demonstrated relatively rapid effects of insulin on this cutaneous neurogenic response. |
| 14786 | 9776526 | In a population based study, the prescribed insulin dose of 348 prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was analysed 2 years after the diagnosis of diabetes. |
| 14787 | 9776526 | Our observations indicate that prepubertal girls with IDDM have a poorer insulin sensitivity than boys. |
| 14788 | 9776526 | In a population based study, the prescribed insulin dose of 348 prepubertal children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was analysed 2 years after the diagnosis of diabetes. |
| 14789 | 9776526 | Our observations indicate that prepubertal girls with IDDM have a poorer insulin sensitivity than boys. |
| 14790 | 9776708 | Insulin, thyroglobulin and myelin basic protein (MBP) are implicated as autoantigens in the autoimmune diseases, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroid-disease and multiple sclerosis. |
| 14791 | 9776708 | Expression was examined in mRNA isolated from complete adult rat thymus, various mouse thymic cell-types isolated from fetal thymic-organ cultures and from neonatal-mouse thymocyte subsets. mRNA for insulin, thyroglobulin and MBP were detected in unfractionated adult rat and embryonic mouse thymus. |
| 14792 | 9776708 | Thyroglobulin and MBP, but not insulin mRNA were detected in mouse MHC class II+ thymic epthelial cells and class II+ dendritic cells and in certain thymocyte subsets. |
| 14793 | 9776708 | The presence of insulin, thyroglobubin and MBP mRNA in the thymus has important implications for the development of the T-cell repertoire, particularly for the mechanisms of tolerance that prevent autoreactivity to these antigens in healthy individuals. |
| 14794 | 9776712 | Poly I:C, an inducer of IFN-alpha and other cytokines, has been used to study the development of diabetes in both the BioBreeding (BB) diabetes prone rat and non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14795 | 9776712 | The administration of poly-0.05, but not poly-5.0, decreased TNF-alpha mRNA and IL-10 mRNA content in spleen cells. |
| 14796 | 9776713 | Type 1 diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from autoimmune T cell-dependent destruction of insulin producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 14797 | 9776713 | APL triggered upregulation of CD69 and CD25 expression, but not T-cell proliferation, TCR down-modulation or T-cell anergy. |
| 14798 | 9777326 | We report on the role of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles in determining susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Hong Kong Chinese and investigate whether these alleles affect the age of onset of the disease. |
| 14799 | 9780157 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice genetically deficient in B lymphocytes (NODJg mu(null)) are resistant to T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14800 | 9780157 | To initially test whether they contribute to IDDM as APC, NOD B lymphocytes were transferred into NODJg mu(null) recipients. |
| 14801 | 9780157 | Hence, B lymphocytes appear to contribute to IDDM in NOD mice as APC with a preferential ability to present certain beta cell Ags such as GAD to autoreactive T cells. |
| 14802 | 9780157 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice genetically deficient in B lymphocytes (NODJg mu(null)) are resistant to T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14803 | 9780157 | To initially test whether they contribute to IDDM as APC, NOD B lymphocytes were transferred into NODJg mu(null) recipients. |
| 14804 | 9780157 | Hence, B lymphocytes appear to contribute to IDDM in NOD mice as APC with a preferential ability to present certain beta cell Ags such as GAD to autoreactive T cells. |
| 14805 | 9780157 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice genetically deficient in B lymphocytes (NODJg mu(null)) are resistant to T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14806 | 9780157 | To initially test whether they contribute to IDDM as APC, NOD B lymphocytes were transferred into NODJg mu(null) recipients. |
| 14807 | 9780157 | Hence, B lymphocytes appear to contribute to IDDM in NOD mice as APC with a preferential ability to present certain beta cell Ags such as GAD to autoreactive T cells. |
| 14808 | 9782121 | The cytotoxicity of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) has been implicated in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14809 | 9782126 | Activation of autoreactive T cells can lead to autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14810 | 9782126 | The initiation and maintenance of IDDM by dendritic cells (DC), the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells, were investigated in transgenic mice expressing the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (LCMV-GP) under the control of the rat insulin promoter (RIP-GP mice). |
| 14811 | 9782126 | In addition, repetitive DC immunization induced IDDM with lymphoid neogenesis also in perforin-deficient RIP-GP mice, illustrating that CD8(+) T cell-dependent inflammatory mechanisms independent of perforin could induce IDDM. |
| 14812 | 9782126 | Activation of autoreactive T cells can lead to autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14813 | 9782126 | The initiation and maintenance of IDDM by dendritic cells (DC), the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells, were investigated in transgenic mice expressing the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (LCMV-GP) under the control of the rat insulin promoter (RIP-GP mice). |
| 14814 | 9782126 | In addition, repetitive DC immunization induced IDDM with lymphoid neogenesis also in perforin-deficient RIP-GP mice, illustrating that CD8(+) T cell-dependent inflammatory mechanisms independent of perforin could induce IDDM. |
| 14815 | 9782126 | Activation of autoreactive T cells can lead to autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14816 | 9782126 | The initiation and maintenance of IDDM by dendritic cells (DC), the most potent professional antigen-presenting cells, were investigated in transgenic mice expressing the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (LCMV-GP) under the control of the rat insulin promoter (RIP-GP mice). |
| 14817 | 9782126 | In addition, repetitive DC immunization induced IDDM with lymphoid neogenesis also in perforin-deficient RIP-GP mice, illustrating that CD8(+) T cell-dependent inflammatory mechanisms independent of perforin could induce IDDM. |
| 14818 | 9782854 | The purpose of this investigation was to describe the adult well sibling's experience of having grown up with a sibling who has insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14819 | 9790247 | Insulin-like growth factors - insulin-like growth factor binding protein axis and diabetic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14820 | 9790247 | There is some evidence that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and/or IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) (IGF-IGFBP axis) may be involved in glucose metabolism. |
| 14821 | 9790247 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the IGF-IGFBP axis and diabetic control in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14822 | 9790247 | In all subjects, the free form of IGF-I (free IGF-I), the total IGF-I (total IGF-I: free plus complexed form of IGF-I) and IGFBP-3 in serum or plasma were measured. |
| 14823 | 9790247 | The Z-scores of free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 were calculated. |
| 14824 | 9790247 | In 18 young adults with IDDM (age 18.0-30.3 years, 5 males and 13 females), IGFBP-1 in serum was also measured. |
| 14825 | 9790247 | In all subjects, the diabetic control parameters such as blood glucose (BS) (momentary control), 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5 AG) (Ultrashort-term), fructosamine (short term), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (long-term) were measured. |
| 14826 | 9790247 | None of the Z scores for free IGF-I, total IGF-I or IGFBP-3 had a significant correlation with BS. |
| 14827 | 9790247 | None of the Z scores for free IGF-I, total IGF-I or IGFBP-3 had a significant correlation with 1,5 AG, fructosamine or HbA1. |
| 14828 | 9790247 | In young adults, IGFBP-1 did not correlate with 1,5 AG, fructosamine or HbA1. |
| 14829 | 9790247 | Insulin-like growth factors - insulin-like growth factor binding protein axis and diabetic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14830 | 9790247 | There is some evidence that insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and/or IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) (IGF-IGFBP axis) may be involved in glucose metabolism. |
| 14831 | 9790247 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the IGF-IGFBP axis and diabetic control in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14832 | 9790247 | In all subjects, the free form of IGF-I (free IGF-I), the total IGF-I (total IGF-I: free plus complexed form of IGF-I) and IGFBP-3 in serum or plasma were measured. |
| 14833 | 9790247 | The Z-scores of free IGF-I, total IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 were calculated. |
| 14834 | 9790247 | In 18 young adults with IDDM (age 18.0-30.3 years, 5 males and 13 females), IGFBP-1 in serum was also measured. |
| 14835 | 9790247 | In all subjects, the diabetic control parameters such as blood glucose (BS) (momentary control), 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5 AG) (Ultrashort-term), fructosamine (short term), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) (long-term) were measured. |
| 14836 | 9790247 | None of the Z scores for free IGF-I, total IGF-I or IGFBP-3 had a significant correlation with BS. |
| 14837 | 9790247 | None of the Z scores for free IGF-I, total IGF-I or IGFBP-3 had a significant correlation with 1,5 AG, fructosamine or HbA1. |
| 14838 | 9790247 | In young adults, IGFBP-1 did not correlate with 1,5 AG, fructosamine or HbA1. |
| 14839 | 9790518 | Evidence suggests that free oxygen radicals are involved in the destruction of islet beta-cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14840 | 9790518 | Twenty-two subjects tested positive for one or more IDDM-associated autoantibodies and 9 subjects had at least two of the three antibodies tested (antibodies against islet cells, ICA; glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA; insulin, IAA). |
| 14841 | 9790518 | Evidence suggests that free oxygen radicals are involved in the destruction of islet beta-cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14842 | 9790518 | Twenty-two subjects tested positive for one or more IDDM-associated autoantibodies and 9 subjects had at least two of the three antibodies tested (antibodies against islet cells, ICA; glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA; insulin, IAA). |
| 14843 | 9791529 | As part of an initiative to develop a smoking cessation resource tailored to the needs of smokers with diabetes, we undertook a survey of 223 people with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) aged 15-40 years, 54 of whom were smokers. |
| 14844 | 9794447 | We tested the in vivo potential of a MHC class I-restricted blocking peptide to sufficiently lower an anti-viral CTL response for preventing virus-induced CTL-mediated autoimmune diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)) in vivo without affecting systemic viral clearance. |
| 14845 | 9794447 | However, the CTL reduction by the peptide treatment was sufficient to prevent LCMV-induced IDDM in rat insulin promoter-LCMV-glycoprotein transgenic mice. |
| 14846 | 9794447 | Further, non-LCMV-CTL recognizing the blocking peptide secreted IFN-gamma and did not protect from IDDM. |
| 14847 | 9794447 | We tested the in vivo potential of a MHC class I-restricted blocking peptide to sufficiently lower an anti-viral CTL response for preventing virus-induced CTL-mediated autoimmune diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)) in vivo without affecting systemic viral clearance. |
| 14848 | 9794447 | However, the CTL reduction by the peptide treatment was sufficient to prevent LCMV-induced IDDM in rat insulin promoter-LCMV-glycoprotein transgenic mice. |
| 14849 | 9794447 | Further, non-LCMV-CTL recognizing the blocking peptide secreted IFN-gamma and did not protect from IDDM. |
| 14850 | 9794447 | We tested the in vivo potential of a MHC class I-restricted blocking peptide to sufficiently lower an anti-viral CTL response for preventing virus-induced CTL-mediated autoimmune diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)) in vivo without affecting systemic viral clearance. |
| 14851 | 9794447 | However, the CTL reduction by the peptide treatment was sufficient to prevent LCMV-induced IDDM in rat insulin promoter-LCMV-glycoprotein transgenic mice. |
| 14852 | 9794447 | Further, non-LCMV-CTL recognizing the blocking peptide secreted IFN-gamma and did not protect from IDDM. |
| 14853 | 9794898 | The first patient had insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and the second patient had Addison's disease and hypoparathyroidism, and is also positive for islet cell antibodies, without overt diabetes. |
| 14854 | 9794898 | Our database search identified two proteins, carboxypeptidase H, an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes, and 21-hydroxylase, the major autoantigen in Addison's disease, that share sequence similarity to the second major LKM1 epitope on CYP2D6. |
| 14855 | 9794898 | We found that reactivity to the second major epitope of CYP2D6 is significantly associated with reactivity to the homologous regions of carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and 21-hydroxylase (21-OHase) in patients with LKM1 AIH, and that this simultaneous recognition is cross-reactive. |
| 14856 | 9795772 | Using three reference disease models--insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a prototype of T-cell mediated organ-specific autoimmune disease, myasthenia gravis (MG) as a prototype of autoantibody-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disease and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as a prototype of non-organ-specific autoimmune disease--we have reached several conclusions: 1) All three diseases are associated with the presence of multiple autoantibodies and/or autoreactive T cells that recognize a large number of antigenic molecules. |
| 14857 | 9795772 | The apparent predominant role of certain antibodies in some diseases could relate to their functional properties such as acetylcholine receptor (AChR) blockade for anti-AChR autoantibodies in MG or anti-dsDNA in SLE. 2) Major target antigens are clustered in the target cell affected by organ-specific autoimmune diseases: beta cells in IDDM, striated-muscle cells in MG, or apoptotic cells in the case of SLE. 3) Antibodies and T cells recognize multiple epitopes in these molecules. 4) The most evident explanation for the observed clustering and diversity is autoantigen spreading. |
| 14858 | 9795772 | Using three reference disease models--insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a prototype of T-cell mediated organ-specific autoimmune disease, myasthenia gravis (MG) as a prototype of autoantibody-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disease and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as a prototype of non-organ-specific autoimmune disease--we have reached several conclusions: 1) All three diseases are associated with the presence of multiple autoantibodies and/or autoreactive T cells that recognize a large number of antigenic molecules. |
| 14859 | 9795772 | The apparent predominant role of certain antibodies in some diseases could relate to their functional properties such as acetylcholine receptor (AChR) blockade for anti-AChR autoantibodies in MG or anti-dsDNA in SLE. 2) Major target antigens are clustered in the target cell affected by organ-specific autoimmune diseases: beta cells in IDDM, striated-muscle cells in MG, or apoptotic cells in the case of SLE. 3) Antibodies and T cells recognize multiple epitopes in these molecules. 4) The most evident explanation for the observed clustering and diversity is autoantigen spreading. |
| 14860 | 9797903 | Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism: correlation with bone mineral density in a Brazilian population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14861 | 9797903 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis. |
| 14862 | 9797903 | We characterized the VDR gene polymorphism in a healthy adult Brazilian population and in a group of patients with IDDM and correlated these findings with densitometric values in both groups. |
| 14863 | 9797903 | These findings suggest a small influence of VDR gene polymorphism on BMD of a racially heterogeneous population with IDDM. |
| 14864 | 9797903 | Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism: correlation with bone mineral density in a Brazilian population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14865 | 9797903 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis. |
| 14866 | 9797903 | We characterized the VDR gene polymorphism in a healthy adult Brazilian population and in a group of patients with IDDM and correlated these findings with densitometric values in both groups. |
| 14867 | 9797903 | These findings suggest a small influence of VDR gene polymorphism on BMD of a racially heterogeneous population with IDDM. |
| 14868 | 9797903 | Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism: correlation with bone mineral density in a Brazilian population with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14869 | 9797903 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are at higher risk of developing osteoporosis. |
| 14870 | 9797903 | We characterized the VDR gene polymorphism in a healthy adult Brazilian population and in a group of patients with IDDM and correlated these findings with densitometric values in both groups. |
| 14871 | 9797903 | These findings suggest a small influence of VDR gene polymorphism on BMD of a racially heterogeneous population with IDDM. |
| 14872 | 9801731 | Most, but not all, studies on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) report an association with osteopenia. |
| 14873 | 9808327 | Studies done on the human adult population have demonstrated that degree of adiposity and insulin levels play a major role as determinants of leptin circulating levels. |
| 14874 | 9808327 | Moreover, IDDM mothers gave birth to newborns with significantly higher levels of leptin and insulin when compared with normal and GDM mothers. |
| 14875 | 9808327 | The correlation between leptin and insulin was significant only when newborns from IDDM mothers were included in the regression analysis (r = 0.39, P = 0.0002). |
| 14876 | 9808327 | Our results suggest that degree of adiposity is one of the main regulators of leptin concentration in the human newborn and that babies exposed to an altered, though clinically controlled, metabolic environment, as in IDDM mothers, have increased levels of leptin. |
| 14877 | 9808327 | Studies done on the human adult population have demonstrated that degree of adiposity and insulin levels play a major role as determinants of leptin circulating levels. |
| 14878 | 9808327 | Moreover, IDDM mothers gave birth to newborns with significantly higher levels of leptin and insulin when compared with normal and GDM mothers. |
| 14879 | 9808327 | The correlation between leptin and insulin was significant only when newborns from IDDM mothers were included in the regression analysis (r = 0.39, P = 0.0002). |
| 14880 | 9808327 | Our results suggest that degree of adiposity is one of the main regulators of leptin concentration in the human newborn and that babies exposed to an altered, though clinically controlled, metabolic environment, as in IDDM mothers, have increased levels of leptin. |
| 14881 | 9808327 | Studies done on the human adult population have demonstrated that degree of adiposity and insulin levels play a major role as determinants of leptin circulating levels. |
| 14882 | 9808327 | Moreover, IDDM mothers gave birth to newborns with significantly higher levels of leptin and insulin when compared with normal and GDM mothers. |
| 14883 | 9808327 | The correlation between leptin and insulin was significant only when newborns from IDDM mothers were included in the regression analysis (r = 0.39, P = 0.0002). |
| 14884 | 9808327 | Our results suggest that degree of adiposity is one of the main regulators of leptin concentration in the human newborn and that babies exposed to an altered, though clinically controlled, metabolic environment, as in IDDM mothers, have increased levels of leptin. |
| 14885 | 9811387 | Elevated urinary calcium and phosphate excretion have been observed in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14886 | 9811387 | The fasting serum glucose and hemoglobin Alc levels did not change significantly during the study. |
| 14887 | 9811713 | One of these families, the HERV-K group, contains members that encode functional proteins and that have been implicated in the etiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 14888 | 9816471 | Type 1 diabetes, also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is an autoimmune disorder resulting from the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells and insulin deficiency. |
| 14889 | 9816471 | This review draws attention to how the study of beta-cell autoantigens may contribute insight into the pathogenesis of IDDM and provides an update on the cell biology of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet cell autoantigen 512, two major targets of autoimmunity in Type 1 diabetes on which I have focused my efforts. |
| 14890 | 9816471 | Type 1 diabetes, also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is an autoimmune disorder resulting from the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells and insulin deficiency. |
| 14891 | 9816471 | This review draws attention to how the study of beta-cell autoantigens may contribute insight into the pathogenesis of IDDM and provides an update on the cell biology of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and islet cell autoantigen 512, two major targets of autoimmunity in Type 1 diabetes on which I have focused my efforts. |
| 14892 | 9819189 | We investigated 76 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients with microalbuminuria or diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14893 | 9819564 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops an autoimmune diabetes that shares many immunogenetic features with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), type 1 diabetes. |
| 14894 | 9819564 | T cells are subdivided into CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. |
| 14895 | 9820603 | Latvian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n=101) and healthy controls (n=111) were analyzed for HLA-DR and DQ polymorphism. |
| 14896 | 9824500 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a consequence of autoimmune aggression of beta cells of the endocrine pancreas by T cells. |
| 14897 | 9824500 | T lymphocytes of NOD mice are resistant to apoptosis induced by glucocorticoids, or by starving or DNA-damaging treatments, a feature that was interpreted as being linked to escape of autoreactive T cells from thymic negative selection. c-myc is one of the gene targets of glucocorticoids (GC), its expression being down-regulated by the activated GC-GC receptor complex. |
| 14898 | 9826207 | The objective of this study was to assess the proinsulin profile in persons with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) after pancreas-kidney transplantation. |
| 14899 | 9826222 | Urinary endothelin in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation to urinary albumin, blood pressure, and other factors. |
| 14900 | 9826222 | The aim of this study was to investigate (1) alterations of urinary ET1 (UET1) in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and (2) the relation of UET1 to other indices of diabetic nephropathy and to risk factors of diabetic angiopathy in general. |
| 14901 | 9826222 | In 130 IDDM subjects aged 15.2+/-4.9 years with a diabetes duration of 7.3+/-5.1 years, UET1 by radioimmunoassay, urinary albumin by nephelometry, plasma renin by immunoradiometric assay, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by high-performance liquid chromatography, and routine biochemistry analyses were determined. |
| 14902 | 9826222 | In IDDM subjects, UET1 showed a linear relationship with age (P=.002), urinary albumin (P=.000), serum creatinine (P=.001), systolic blood pressure (P=.038), triglycerides (P=.003), and HbA1c (P=.041). |
| 14903 | 9826222 | Urinary endothelin in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation to urinary albumin, blood pressure, and other factors. |
| 14904 | 9826222 | The aim of this study was to investigate (1) alterations of urinary ET1 (UET1) in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and (2) the relation of UET1 to other indices of diabetic nephropathy and to risk factors of diabetic angiopathy in general. |
| 14905 | 9826222 | In 130 IDDM subjects aged 15.2+/-4.9 years with a diabetes duration of 7.3+/-5.1 years, UET1 by radioimmunoassay, urinary albumin by nephelometry, plasma renin by immunoradiometric assay, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by high-performance liquid chromatography, and routine biochemistry analyses were determined. |
| 14906 | 9826222 | In IDDM subjects, UET1 showed a linear relationship with age (P=.002), urinary albumin (P=.000), serum creatinine (P=.001), systolic blood pressure (P=.038), triglycerides (P=.003), and HbA1c (P=.041). |
| 14907 | 9826222 | Urinary endothelin in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: relation to urinary albumin, blood pressure, and other factors. |
| 14908 | 9826222 | The aim of this study was to investigate (1) alterations of urinary ET1 (UET1) in adolescents and young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and (2) the relation of UET1 to other indices of diabetic nephropathy and to risk factors of diabetic angiopathy in general. |
| 14909 | 9826222 | In 130 IDDM subjects aged 15.2+/-4.9 years with a diabetes duration of 7.3+/-5.1 years, UET1 by radioimmunoassay, urinary albumin by nephelometry, plasma renin by immunoradiometric assay, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by high-performance liquid chromatography, and routine biochemistry analyses were determined. |
| 14910 | 9826222 | In IDDM subjects, UET1 showed a linear relationship with age (P=.002), urinary albumin (P=.000), serum creatinine (P=.001), systolic blood pressure (P=.038), triglycerides (P=.003), and HbA1c (P=.041). |
| 14911 | 9828917 | Autoimmune IDDM in a sporadic MELAS patient with mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation. |
| 14912 | 9828917 | He was also affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as diagnosed by the experience of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and dependence on insulin therapy. |
| 14913 | 9828917 | In addition, human leucocyte associated antigen (HLA) typing showed DR3 and DR4, suggesting the strong contribution of autoimmunity to the pathogenesis of IDDM in this patient. |
| 14914 | 9828917 | This extremely rare case of sporadic MELAS syndrome with autoimmune IDDM harbouring mtDNA mutation highlights the possible pathogenetic role of mtDNA mutations in autoimmune disease. |
| 14915 | 9828917 | Autoimmune IDDM in a sporadic MELAS patient with mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation. |
| 14916 | 9828917 | He was also affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as diagnosed by the experience of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and dependence on insulin therapy. |
| 14917 | 9828917 | In addition, human leucocyte associated antigen (HLA) typing showed DR3 and DR4, suggesting the strong contribution of autoimmunity to the pathogenesis of IDDM in this patient. |
| 14918 | 9828917 | This extremely rare case of sporadic MELAS syndrome with autoimmune IDDM harbouring mtDNA mutation highlights the possible pathogenetic role of mtDNA mutations in autoimmune disease. |
| 14919 | 9828917 | Autoimmune IDDM in a sporadic MELAS patient with mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation. |
| 14920 | 9828917 | He was also affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as diagnosed by the experience of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and dependence on insulin therapy. |
| 14921 | 9828917 | In addition, human leucocyte associated antigen (HLA) typing showed DR3 and DR4, suggesting the strong contribution of autoimmunity to the pathogenesis of IDDM in this patient. |
| 14922 | 9828917 | This extremely rare case of sporadic MELAS syndrome with autoimmune IDDM harbouring mtDNA mutation highlights the possible pathogenetic role of mtDNA mutations in autoimmune disease. |
| 14923 | 9828917 | Autoimmune IDDM in a sporadic MELAS patient with mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation. |
| 14924 | 9828917 | He was also affected with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), as diagnosed by the experience of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and dependence on insulin therapy. |
| 14925 | 9828917 | In addition, human leucocyte associated antigen (HLA) typing showed DR3 and DR4, suggesting the strong contribution of autoimmunity to the pathogenesis of IDDM in this patient. |
| 14926 | 9828917 | This extremely rare case of sporadic MELAS syndrome with autoimmune IDDM harbouring mtDNA mutation highlights the possible pathogenetic role of mtDNA mutations in autoimmune disease. |
| 14927 | 9829227 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children on the Balkan peninsula varies between 2.45 and 10.00/100,000. |
| 14928 | 9831135 | The association of HLA-DRB1 and DQB1 genes with IDDM in Koreans was assessed using 115 IDDM patients and 140 nondiabetic controls. |
| 14929 | 9833174 | Although the evidence is not completely uniform, there are indirect arguments (renal hemodynamic response to RAS blockade, AT1 receptor expression), however, which would be consistent with increased intrarenal action of angiotensin (ANG) II. |
| 14930 | 9833174 | There is solid evidence that ACE inhibitors effectively interfere with progression of micro-albuminuria both in IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 14931 | 9833174 | Head-on comparison of equipotent doses ACE inhibitors and ANG II receptor blockers in non-diabetic patients produced equal reductions in proteinuria. |
| 14932 | 9833705 | Heat shock protein 65 (hsp65) and a derived peptide, p277, are autoantigens reported in IDDM. |
| 14933 | 9834137 | Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14934 | 9834137 | HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood. |
| 14935 | 9834137 | Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH. |
| 14936 | 9834137 | In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM. |
| 14937 | 9834137 | Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14938 | 9834137 | HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood. |
| 14939 | 9834137 | Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH. |
| 14940 | 9834137 | In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM. |
| 14941 | 9834137 | Exceptional stability of the HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC molecule associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 14942 | 9834137 | HLA-DQ alleles are closely associated with susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but the immunologic mechanisms involved are not understood. |
| 14943 | 9834137 | Structural studies of the IDDM-susceptible allele, HLA-DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302, have classified it as a relatively unstable dimer, particularly at neutral pH. |
| 14944 | 9834137 | In EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines and PBL, the protein encoded by the IDDM-protective allele HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 was the most SDS stable when compared with other HLA-DQ molecules, including HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0604, a closely related allele that is not associated with protection from IDDM. |
| 14945 | 9836523 | Previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent cognitive brain dysfunction in IDDM patients on intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14946 | 9836523 | Intensive insulin treatment of IDDM is associated with increased frequency of hypoglycemic coma. |
| 14947 | 9836523 | We studied the impact of previous hypoglycemic coma on neurophysiological measures of cognitive brain function in 108 patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14948 | 9836523 | In conclusion, previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent impairment of cognitive brain function in patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment compared with patients without such episodes. |
| 14949 | 9836523 | Previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent cognitive brain dysfunction in IDDM patients on intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14950 | 9836523 | Intensive insulin treatment of IDDM is associated with increased frequency of hypoglycemic coma. |
| 14951 | 9836523 | We studied the impact of previous hypoglycemic coma on neurophysiological measures of cognitive brain function in 108 patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14952 | 9836523 | In conclusion, previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent impairment of cognitive brain function in patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment compared with patients without such episodes. |
| 14953 | 9836523 | Previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent cognitive brain dysfunction in IDDM patients on intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14954 | 9836523 | Intensive insulin treatment of IDDM is associated with increased frequency of hypoglycemic coma. |
| 14955 | 9836523 | We studied the impact of previous hypoglycemic coma on neurophysiological measures of cognitive brain function in 108 patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14956 | 9836523 | In conclusion, previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent impairment of cognitive brain function in patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment compared with patients without such episodes. |
| 14957 | 9836523 | Previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent cognitive brain dysfunction in IDDM patients on intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14958 | 9836523 | Intensive insulin treatment of IDDM is associated with increased frequency of hypoglycemic coma. |
| 14959 | 9836523 | We studied the impact of previous hypoglycemic coma on neurophysiological measures of cognitive brain function in 108 patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment. |
| 14960 | 9836523 | In conclusion, previous episodes of hypoglycemic coma are not associated with permanent impairment of cognitive brain function in patients with adult-onset IDDM receiving intensive insulin treatment compared with patients without such episodes. |
| 14961 | 9837695 | Using these techniques, both the antigenic and functional levels of alpha1PI were determined in sera from subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who had been clinically diagnosed as having either periodontal disease or gingival health. |
| 14962 | 9839199 | Since many of the complications induced by diabetes appear to be mediated by oxygen free radical generation, we have investigated serum antioxidant capacity in a group of healthy subjects and in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) subjects. |
| 14963 | 9848784 | TGF-beta1 gene mutations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14964 | 9848784 | PCR assays were established for easy and fast analysis of two transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene mutations, a C to T transition at position 76 in exon 5 resulting in a change from threonine to isoleucine in position 263 (Thr263Ile) of the propeptide and a deletion of a C in the intron sequence eight bases prior to exon 5 (713-8delC). |
| 14965 | 9848784 | These mutations were evaluated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 137) and control subjects (n = 105) and in IDDM patients with (n = 170) and without (n = 99) nephropathy. |
| 14966 | 9848784 | No association of the two TGF-beta1 sequence variations with IDDM in general was found. |
| 14967 | 9848784 | TGF-beta1 gene mutations in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy. |
| 14968 | 9848784 | PCR assays were established for easy and fast analysis of two transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene mutations, a C to T transition at position 76 in exon 5 resulting in a change from threonine to isoleucine in position 263 (Thr263Ile) of the propeptide and a deletion of a C in the intron sequence eight bases prior to exon 5 (713-8delC). |
| 14969 | 9848784 | These mutations were evaluated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (n = 137) and control subjects (n = 105) and in IDDM patients with (n = 170) and without (n = 99) nephropathy. |
| 14970 | 9848784 | No association of the two TGF-beta1 sequence variations with IDDM in general was found. |
| 14971 | 9849016 | In the beginning, each of them was considered to be a patient with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and was treated with insulin. |
| 14972 | 9849923 | The present study has been designed to examine the role of a hyperglycaemic spike of short duration as a factor possibly involved in haemorheological microcirculatory and (or) haemostatic dysfunctions in ten insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (IDDM) and five healthy volunteers. |
| 14973 | 9849923 | Hyperglycaemia induced in IDDM patients significant decreases in erythrocyte aggregation, in blood and plasma viscosities and in both fibrinogen and albumin levels. |
| 14974 | 9849923 | The present study has been designed to examine the role of a hyperglycaemic spike of short duration as a factor possibly involved in haemorheological microcirculatory and (or) haemostatic dysfunctions in ten insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients (IDDM) and five healthy volunteers. |
| 14975 | 9849923 | Hyperglycaemia induced in IDDM patients significant decreases in erythrocyte aggregation, in blood and plasma viscosities and in both fibrinogen and albumin levels. |
| 14976 | 9850811 | The presence of ICA and GAD-autoantibodies in pregnancy was associated with later development of IDDM. |
| 14977 | 9856487 | An in vitro expression study with a mouse IL-7-dependent pre-B cell line has revealed that inhibition of the programmed cell death function of 43Thr bcl-2 protein is suppressed compared with that of normal 43Ala bcl-2 protein. |
| 14978 | 9856487 | To evaluate the clinical impact of this polymorphism, the frequency of bcl-2 polymorphism was investigated in 221 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 237 adults with autoimmune disease (105 with rheumatoid arthritis, 57 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 55 with Sjögren's syndrome, and 20 others), and 290 healthy Japanese children and adults. |
| 14979 | 9856487 | The frequency of the 43Thr bcl-2 allele, either homozygous or heterozygous, was 14.5% in normal controls, 6.8% (P<0.01) in children with IDDM, and 8.0% (P<0.025) in adults with autoimmune disease. |
| 14980 | 9856487 | An in vitro expression study with a mouse IL-7-dependent pre-B cell line has revealed that inhibition of the programmed cell death function of 43Thr bcl-2 protein is suppressed compared with that of normal 43Ala bcl-2 protein. |
| 14981 | 9856487 | To evaluate the clinical impact of this polymorphism, the frequency of bcl-2 polymorphism was investigated in 221 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 237 adults with autoimmune disease (105 with rheumatoid arthritis, 57 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 55 with Sjögren's syndrome, and 20 others), and 290 healthy Japanese children and adults. |
| 14982 | 9856487 | The frequency of the 43Thr bcl-2 allele, either homozygous or heterozygous, was 14.5% in normal controls, 6.8% (P<0.01) in children with IDDM, and 8.0% (P<0.025) in adults with autoimmune disease. |
| 14983 | 9858659 | Several crossing studies using diabetic BB/OK and diabetes-resistant rat strains have clearly shown that the MHC class-II-genes of the RT1u haplotype (Iddm1) and the lymphopenia (Iddm2) are essential but not sufficient for type 1 diabetes development. |
| 14984 | 9858659 | The search for additional diabetogenic genes revealed predisposing non-MHC genes, Iddm3 and Iddm4, and a diabetes protective gene, Iddm5r, cosegregating with diabetes in the BB/OK rat subline. |
| 14985 | 9862373 | It is well established that long-term protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can be afforded to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by a short course of non-depleting (nd) anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). |
| 14986 | 9862373 | Since it is increasingly apparent that the CD8+ T cell plays a prominent role in the development of IDDM, we have investigated the effect of an anti-CD8 mAb (YTS 105) of the same isotype in both spontaneous and induced IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14987 | 9862373 | It is well established that long-term protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can be afforded to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by a short course of non-depleting (nd) anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb). |
| 14988 | 9862373 | Since it is increasingly apparent that the CD8+ T cell plays a prominent role in the development of IDDM, we have investigated the effect of an anti-CD8 mAb (YTS 105) of the same isotype in both spontaneous and induced IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 14989 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 14990 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 14991 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 14992 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 14993 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 14994 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 14995 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 14996 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 14997 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 14998 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 14999 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 15000 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 15001 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 15002 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 15003 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 15004 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 15005 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 15006 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 15007 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 15008 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 15009 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 15010 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 15011 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 15012 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 15013 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 15014 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 15015 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 15016 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 15017 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 15018 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 15019 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 15020 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 15021 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 15022 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 15023 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 15024 | 9862387 | Differing haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to exercise in three groups with peripheralautonomic dysfunction: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, familial amyloid polyneuropathy and pure autonomic failure. |
| 15025 | 9862387 | The haemodynamic and catecholamine responses to supine exercise, and the effect on standing blood pressure (BP), were studied in three groups with peripheral autonomic dysfunction; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) and pure autonomic failure (PAF). |
| 15026 | 9862387 | With exercise, BP increased in controls, was unchanged in IDDM and FAP, and fell in PAF. |
| 15027 | 9862387 | Heart rate (HR) increased more in controls than IDDM, FAP or PAF. |
| 15028 | 9862387 | Cardiac index (CI) increased less in IDDM than controls, FAP or PAF. |
| 15029 | 9862387 | Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) fell similarly in controls and IDDM, with a greater fall in FAP and PAF. |
| 15030 | 9862387 | On standing, BP was unchanged in controls; BP fell pre- and post-exercise in IDDM, FAP and PAF, with a significantly greater fall post-exercise in FAP and PAF. |
| 15031 | 9864037 | Distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-related HLA alleles correlates with the difference in IDDM incidence in four populations of the Eastern Baltic region. |
| 15032 | 9864037 | The high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland contrasts strikingly with the low rates in the neighbouring populations of countries in the Eastern Baltic region: Estonia, Latvia and Russia. |
| 15033 | 9864037 | To evaluate the possible contribution of genetic factors to these differences, the frequencies of HLA-DQB1 alleles and relevant DQB1-DQA1 or DQB1-DRB1 haplotypes associated with IDDM risk or protection were analysed among IDDM patients and control subjects from these four populations. |
| 15034 | 9864037 | An increased frequency of HLA-DQB1*0302, DQB1*02-DQA1*05 and DQB1*0302-DRB1*0401 was observed in subjects with IDDM in all studied populations, whereas the prevalence of DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0602 and/or *0603 was decreased among patients. |
| 15035 | 9864037 | Distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-related HLA alleles correlates with the difference in IDDM incidence in four populations of the Eastern Baltic region. |
| 15036 | 9864037 | The high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland contrasts strikingly with the low rates in the neighbouring populations of countries in the Eastern Baltic region: Estonia, Latvia and Russia. |
| 15037 | 9864037 | To evaluate the possible contribution of genetic factors to these differences, the frequencies of HLA-DQB1 alleles and relevant DQB1-DQA1 or DQB1-DRB1 haplotypes associated with IDDM risk or protection were analysed among IDDM patients and control subjects from these four populations. |
| 15038 | 9864037 | An increased frequency of HLA-DQB1*0302, DQB1*02-DQA1*05 and DQB1*0302-DRB1*0401 was observed in subjects with IDDM in all studied populations, whereas the prevalence of DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0602 and/or *0603 was decreased among patients. |
| 15039 | 9864037 | Distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-related HLA alleles correlates with the difference in IDDM incidence in four populations of the Eastern Baltic region. |
| 15040 | 9864037 | The high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland contrasts strikingly with the low rates in the neighbouring populations of countries in the Eastern Baltic region: Estonia, Latvia and Russia. |
| 15041 | 9864037 | To evaluate the possible contribution of genetic factors to these differences, the frequencies of HLA-DQB1 alleles and relevant DQB1-DQA1 or DQB1-DRB1 haplotypes associated with IDDM risk or protection were analysed among IDDM patients and control subjects from these four populations. |
| 15042 | 9864037 | An increased frequency of HLA-DQB1*0302, DQB1*02-DQA1*05 and DQB1*0302-DRB1*0401 was observed in subjects with IDDM in all studied populations, whereas the prevalence of DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0602 and/or *0603 was decreased among patients. |
| 15043 | 9864037 | Distribution of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-related HLA alleles correlates with the difference in IDDM incidence in four populations of the Eastern Baltic region. |
| 15044 | 9864037 | The high incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Finland contrasts strikingly with the low rates in the neighbouring populations of countries in the Eastern Baltic region: Estonia, Latvia and Russia. |
| 15045 | 9864037 | To evaluate the possible contribution of genetic factors to these differences, the frequencies of HLA-DQB1 alleles and relevant DQB1-DQA1 or DQB1-DRB1 haplotypes associated with IDDM risk or protection were analysed among IDDM patients and control subjects from these four populations. |
| 15046 | 9864037 | An increased frequency of HLA-DQB1*0302, DQB1*02-DQA1*05 and DQB1*0302-DRB1*0401 was observed in subjects with IDDM in all studied populations, whereas the prevalence of DQB1*0301 and DQB1*0602 and/or *0603 was decreased among patients. |
| 15047 | 9867063 | Accumulated data indicate that ACE inhibitors have either no adverse effect on glucose control or insulin sensitivity or may even improve them. |
| 15048 | 9867063 | The variability of results between studies may relate to differences in experimental design, the degree of glycemia or insulin resistance, potassium balance, and dose or duration of ACE inhibitor treatment, among others. |
| 15049 | 9867063 | In contrast, ACE inhibitors have proved effective in limiting proteinuria and retarding renal function loss in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 15050 | 9867064 | Forty non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic subjects, either normotensive or hypertensive, were randomly assigned to receive PE (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20). |
| 15051 | 9867064 | Before treatment, both groups had similar clinical characteristics, blood pressure, glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb), albumin excretion rate, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), serum creatinine, and renal structural damage. |
| 15052 | 9867078 | Effects of low-dose recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I on insulin sensitivity, growth hormone and glucagon levels in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15053 | 9867078 | Despite recent interest in the therapeutic potential of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, its mechanism of action is still not defined. |
| 15054 | 9867078 | We have studied the effects of low-dose bolus subcutaneous rhIGF-I (40 microg/kg and 20 microg/kg) on insulin sensitivity, growth hormone (GH) and glucagon levels in seven young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study design. |
| 15055 | 9867078 | Our data demonstrate that in subjects with IDDM, low-dose subcutaneous rhIGF-I leads to a dose-dependent reduction in the insulin level for euglycemia overnight that parallels the decrease in overnight GH levels, but glucagon and IGFBP-1 levels remain unchanged. |
| 15056 | 9867078 | Effects of low-dose recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I on insulin sensitivity, growth hormone and glucagon levels in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15057 | 9867078 | Despite recent interest in the therapeutic potential of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I (rhIGF-I) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, its mechanism of action is still not defined. |
| 15058 | 9867078 | We have studied the effects of low-dose bolus subcutaneous rhIGF-I (40 microg/kg and 20 microg/kg) on insulin sensitivity, growth hormone (GH) and glucagon levels in seven young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study design. |
| 15059 | 9867078 | Our data demonstrate that in subjects with IDDM, low-dose subcutaneous rhIGF-I leads to a dose-dependent reduction in the insulin level for euglycemia overnight that parallels the decrease in overnight GH levels, but glucagon and IGFBP-1 levels remain unchanged. |
| 15060 | 9870417 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops predominantly in children and young adults, but may appear in all age groups. |
| 15061 | 9870419 | The results of many cross-sectional studies have shown that the progression of renal damage regularly is accompanied by arterial hypertension both in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15062 | 9870425 | We reviewed the available evidence in the recent medical literature and provide information on the relationships between hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular and renal complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15063 | 9874270 | Autoimmune destruction of islets in the pancreas leads to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15064 | 9877463 | Our objective was to determine whether microneurographically determined muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) levels are equally reproducible in control and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 15065 | 9877461 | Microsensors were subcutaneously implanted in ten nondiabetic and ten insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) volunteers. |
| 15066 | 9878081 | Since autoimmune responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) are up-regulated in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), in this study GAD67-specific antibody, T cell proliferation and lymphokine production patterns were analysed in the adjuvant-treated mice to characterize the regulatory mechanisms underlying the protection. |
| 15067 | 9878081 | Upon in vitro stimulation with GAD67, draining lymph node and spleen cells from CFA-immunized NOD mice or syngeneic islet-grafted and BCG-protected NOD mice produced much more IL-4, whereas there was no significant change in IFN-gamma production. |
| 15068 | 9881230 | [Benefits of blood glucose self-monitoring in the management of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 15069 | 9881230 | Since the 1980s, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has allowed easier and improved treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15070 | 9881230 | Through the use of pen insulin injectors, SMBG should improve the autonomy, well-being and metabolic control of most IDDM patients. |
| 15071 | 9881230 | [Benefits of blood glucose self-monitoring in the management of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 15072 | 9881230 | Since the 1980s, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has allowed easier and improved treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15073 | 9881230 | Through the use of pen insulin injectors, SMBG should improve the autonomy, well-being and metabolic control of most IDDM patients. |
| 15074 | 9881230 | [Benefits of blood glucose self-monitoring in the management of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). |
| 15075 | 9881230 | Since the 1980s, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has allowed easier and improved treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15076 | 9881230 | Through the use of pen insulin injectors, SMBG should improve the autonomy, well-being and metabolic control of most IDDM patients. |
| 15077 | 9881240 | This report concerns the incidence rate of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the 0-14 year age group in Benghazi, Libya. |
| 15078 | 9884346 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease mediated by self-reactive T cells that induce inflammation and destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 15079 | 9892222 | Genetic control of IDDM in both species is complex, including both major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-linked and non-MHC-linked genes. |
| 15080 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15081 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15082 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15083 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15084 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15085 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15086 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15087 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15088 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15089 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15090 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15091 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15092 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15093 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15094 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15095 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15096 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15097 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15098 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15099 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15100 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15101 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15102 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15103 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15104 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15105 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15106 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15107 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15108 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15109 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15110 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15111 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15112 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15113 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15114 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15115 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15116 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15117 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15118 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15119 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15120 | 9892508 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15121 | 9892508 | Two GAD isoforms exist, GAD65 and GAD67, which differ mostly in the first 100 amino acids of the amino terminus. |
| 15122 | 9892508 | IDDM sera are predominantly reactive with GAD65 but autoepitopes have been localised only to regions of GAD65 highly homologous with GAD67. |
| 15123 | 9892508 | In this study we investigated the contribution of the amino terminus to the IDDM epitope on GAD65, in order to test whether this region of GAD could explain the difference in reactivity between GAD65 and GAD67. |
| 15124 | 9892508 | A recombinant hybrid GAD molecule consisting of amino acids 1-101 of GAD67 and 96-585 of GAD65 was constructed and a truncated GAD65 was also constructed consisting of amino acids 98-585 of GAD65. |
| 15125 | 9892508 | The reactivity with the hybrid GAD molecule, GAD65 and GAD67, and truncated GAD65 was examined by radioimmunoprecipitation using 50 IDDM sera with known reactivity to purified porcine brain GAD. |
| 15126 | 9892508 | Over 90% of the IDDM sera were reactive with the hybrid GAD molecule confirming that the amino terminus of GAD65 does not contribute to the autoepitope and that the IDDM epitope is localised to the middle and carboxyl terminal domains of GAD65. |
| 15127 | 9892508 | Furthermore, evidence is presented that autoantibodies to GAD65 in IDDM sera react with an epitope formed on a dimeric configuration of the molecule. |
| 15128 | 9893112 | While the course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) progresses through well-defined stages, the natural history of NIDDM is less well characterized. |
| 15129 | 9914216 | Continuing progress has been made in elucidating the genetic factors involved in type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) in the past year. |
| 15130 | 9914216 | Although significant and consistent linkage evidence was reported for the susceptibility intervals IDDM8 (on human chromosome 6q27), IDDM4 (on 11q) and IDDM5 (on 6q25), evidence for most other intervals varies in different data sets -probably due to a weak effect of the disease genes, genetic heterogeneity or random variation. |
| 15131 | 9914216 | Functional studies indicate, firstly, that the susceptible and protective HLA class II molecules HLA-DR and -DQ bind and present nonoverlapping peptides and, secondly, that the variable number of tandem repeats at the 5' end of the insulin gene (susceptibility interval IDDM2) regulates insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 15132 | 9914216 | Continuing progress has been made in elucidating the genetic factors involved in type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) in the past year. |
| 15133 | 9914216 | Although significant and consistent linkage evidence was reported for the susceptibility intervals IDDM8 (on human chromosome 6q27), IDDM4 (on 11q) and IDDM5 (on 6q25), evidence for most other intervals varies in different data sets -probably due to a weak effect of the disease genes, genetic heterogeneity or random variation. |
| 15134 | 9914216 | Functional studies indicate, firstly, that the susceptible and protective HLA class II molecules HLA-DR and -DQ bind and present nonoverlapping peptides and, secondly, that the variable number of tandem repeats at the 5' end of the insulin gene (susceptibility interval IDDM2) regulates insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 15135 | 9920154 | Elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: correlation with body mass index and serum triglyceride. |
| 15136 | 9920154 | Previous clinical studies reported elevated semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but there are not sufficient data about SSAO in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15137 | 9920154 | The present study was conducted to investigate serum SSAO activity in NIDDM patients compared with nondiabetic and IDDM patients. |
| 15138 | 9920154 | Serum SSAO activity in 61 patients with diabetes (n = 34 NIDDM and n = 27 IDDM) and 36 controls was determined using 14C-benzylamine as a substrate. |
| 15139 | 9920154 | NIDDM and IDDM patients exhibited higher SSAO activity compared with controls ([mean +/- SD] NIDDM, 164.60+/-69.43 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.0001; IDDM, 143.91+/-72.45 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.002; control, 91.46+/-28.11 pmol/mg protein/h). |
| 15140 | 9920154 | There was a significant positive correlation between serum SSAO activity and the body mass index (BMI), body weight, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. |
| 15141 | 9920154 | Elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: correlation with body mass index and serum triglyceride. |
| 15142 | 9920154 | Previous clinical studies reported elevated semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but there are not sufficient data about SSAO in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15143 | 9920154 | The present study was conducted to investigate serum SSAO activity in NIDDM patients compared with nondiabetic and IDDM patients. |
| 15144 | 9920154 | Serum SSAO activity in 61 patients with diabetes (n = 34 NIDDM and n = 27 IDDM) and 36 controls was determined using 14C-benzylamine as a substrate. |
| 15145 | 9920154 | NIDDM and IDDM patients exhibited higher SSAO activity compared with controls ([mean +/- SD] NIDDM, 164.60+/-69.43 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.0001; IDDM, 143.91+/-72.45 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.002; control, 91.46+/-28.11 pmol/mg protein/h). |
| 15146 | 9920154 | There was a significant positive correlation between serum SSAO activity and the body mass index (BMI), body weight, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. |
| 15147 | 9920154 | Elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: correlation with body mass index and serum triglyceride. |
| 15148 | 9920154 | Previous clinical studies reported elevated semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but there are not sufficient data about SSAO in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15149 | 9920154 | The present study was conducted to investigate serum SSAO activity in NIDDM patients compared with nondiabetic and IDDM patients. |
| 15150 | 9920154 | Serum SSAO activity in 61 patients with diabetes (n = 34 NIDDM and n = 27 IDDM) and 36 controls was determined using 14C-benzylamine as a substrate. |
| 15151 | 9920154 | NIDDM and IDDM patients exhibited higher SSAO activity compared with controls ([mean +/- SD] NIDDM, 164.60+/-69.43 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.0001; IDDM, 143.91+/-72.45 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.002; control, 91.46+/-28.11 pmol/mg protein/h). |
| 15152 | 9920154 | There was a significant positive correlation between serum SSAO activity and the body mass index (BMI), body weight, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. |
| 15153 | 9920154 | Elevated serum semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: correlation with body mass index and serum triglyceride. |
| 15154 | 9920154 | Previous clinical studies reported elevated semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but there are not sufficient data about SSAO in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 15155 | 9920154 | The present study was conducted to investigate serum SSAO activity in NIDDM patients compared with nondiabetic and IDDM patients. |
| 15156 | 9920154 | Serum SSAO activity in 61 patients with diabetes (n = 34 NIDDM and n = 27 IDDM) and 36 controls was determined using 14C-benzylamine as a substrate. |
| 15157 | 9920154 | NIDDM and IDDM patients exhibited higher SSAO activity compared with controls ([mean +/- SD] NIDDM, 164.60+/-69.43 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.0001; IDDM, 143.91+/-72.45 pmol/mg protein/h, P<.002; control, 91.46+/-28.11 pmol/mg protein/h). |
| 15158 | 9920154 | There was a significant positive correlation between serum SSAO activity and the body mass index (BMI), body weight, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, and triglycerides. |
| 15159 | 9922397 | Development of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD is a strain-specific characteristic. |
| 15160 | 9928460 | The adolescent with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can safely participate in sports activities without interference from the disease. |
| 15161 | 9928460 | To ensure safe and successful participation, clinicians must appreciate how diabetes may alter the physiologic adaptation to strenuous exercise and how an individualized self-care plan can empower the adolescent with IDDM to effectively manage meal planning, blood glucose testing, and insulin injections. |
| 15162 | 9928460 | The adolescent with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can safely participate in sports activities without interference from the disease. |
| 15163 | 9928460 | To ensure safe and successful participation, clinicians must appreciate how diabetes may alter the physiologic adaptation to strenuous exercise and how an individualized self-care plan can empower the adolescent with IDDM to effectively manage meal planning, blood glucose testing, and insulin injections. |
| 15164 | 9930378 | In Sprague-Dawley rats, angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion was associated with increased density of amylin-binding sites as well as elevated blood pressure. |
| 15165 | 9930378 | In a model of IDDM (streptozotocin diabetes), amylin and angiotensinogen IR are both restricted to a subset of brush border epithelial cells close to glomeruli which, in the developing kidney, expressed amylin mRNA. |
| 15166 | 9930378 | Thus in this IDDM model, we hypothesize that amylin mRNA transcription which is normally downregulated in the adult, is upregulated in this subset of these brush border epithelial cells, and that it stimulates the activity of a local RAS by an intracellular mechanism, leading to the biosynthesis of Ang II. |
| 15167 | 9930378 | It remains to be determined that if amylin is playing a role in stimulating local Ang II production at these sites, this provides a mechanism for activation of TGF-beta, ultimately leading to interstitial fibrosis. |
| 15168 | 9930378 | In Sprague-Dawley rats, angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion was associated with increased density of amylin-binding sites as well as elevated blood pressure. |
| 15169 | 9930378 | In a model of IDDM (streptozotocin diabetes), amylin and angiotensinogen IR are both restricted to a subset of brush border epithelial cells close to glomeruli which, in the developing kidney, expressed amylin mRNA. |
| 15170 | 9930378 | Thus in this IDDM model, we hypothesize that amylin mRNA transcription which is normally downregulated in the adult, is upregulated in this subset of these brush border epithelial cells, and that it stimulates the activity of a local RAS by an intracellular mechanism, leading to the biosynthesis of Ang II. |
| 15171 | 9930378 | It remains to be determined that if amylin is playing a role in stimulating local Ang II production at these sites, this provides a mechanism for activation of TGF-beta, ultimately leading to interstitial fibrosis. |
| 15172 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15173 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15174 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15175 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15176 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15177 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15178 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15179 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15180 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15181 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15182 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15183 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15184 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15185 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15186 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15187 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15188 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15189 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15190 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15191 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15192 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15193 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15194 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15195 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15196 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15197 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15198 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15199 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15200 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15201 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15202 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15203 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15204 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15205 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15206 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15207 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15208 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15209 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15210 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15211 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15212 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15213 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15214 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15215 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15216 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15217 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15218 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15219 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15220 | 9930632 | Growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-I axis in adult insulin-dependent diabetic patients: evidence for central hypersensitivity to growth hormone-releasing hormone and peripheral resistance to growth hormone. |
| 15221 | 9930632 | The aim of this study was to assess the GH-IGFI axis, GH receptor availability, as reflected by the levels of GH-BP, and the amount of GH-dependent IGFBP-3 in adult IDDM patients with different degrees of metabolic control. |
| 15222 | 9930632 | Thus, 10 adult well-controlled IDDMs (HbA1 7.8 +/- 0.4%), 10 adult non-ketotic poorly controlled IDDMs (HbA1 13.3 +/- 7%) and 14 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were subjected to two intravenous GH-RH stimulation tests with 0.1 and 1.0 microg/kg body weight respectively, and a plasma IGF-1 generation test induced by the administration of hGH. |
| 15223 | 9930632 | Poorly controlled IDDM patients exhibited an exaggerated GH response to 1.0 microg/kg of GH-RH when compared to healthy control subjects. |
| 15224 | 9930632 | Low fasting plasma IGF-1 levels and a blunted IGF-1 response to exogenously administered hGH were also found in poorly controlled IDDMs when compared to the healthy control group. |
| 15225 | 9930632 | GH-BP levels were significantly lower in IDDMs than in normal controls, and correlated positively with the IGF-1 generation capacity after hGH. |
| 15226 | 9930632 | Serum IGFBP-3 levels measured by RIA were similar in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15227 | 9930632 | Our findings suggest that IDDM is associated with a diminished availability of GH receptors and synthesis of IGF-1. |
| 15228 | 9930926 | In the present study we investigated the humoral autoimmune response directed to islet autoantigens by studying islet cell antibodies and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) antibodies in twenty-one insulin-dependent diabetes-mellitus (IDDM) patients undergoing intraportal islet allotransplantation. |
| 15229 | 9932224 | The risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is 50 times greater in first-degree relatives than in the general population. |
| 15230 | 9932337 | Diabetes advisory system (DIAS) is a decision support system, which has been developed to provide advice on the amount of insulin injected by subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15231 | 9933106 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not a disease of unbridled destruction. |
| 15232 | 9933106 | The monokines IL-18, IL-12 and TNF-alpha were pivotal, their induction occurring almost immediately and their coordinate action being required for the onset of aggression. |
| 15233 | 9933106 | Other cytokines with direct toxicity for beta cells, including IL-1 -beta, IL-6 and IFN-gamma, were subsequently induced; in contrast, there was no cellular or molecular evidence of cell contact-mediated mechanisms of beta cell death. |
| 15234 | 9933449 | Mechanisms of Mycobacterium avium-induced resistance against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice: role of Fas and Th1 cells. |
| 15235 | 9933449 | Here, we investigate whether the M. avium-induced protection of NOD mice from diabetes was associated with changes in the expression of Fas (CD95) and FasL by immune cells, as well as alterations in cytotoxic activity, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-4 production and activation of T cells of infected animals. |
| 15236 | 9933451 | We analysed the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) produced by adoptive transfer of islet lymphocytes from NOD into NOD.scid mice. |
| 15237 | 9933451 | Here we show that the transfer was most effective when both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were present in the infiltrate, but CD4+ T cells alone were sufficient to cause the disease. |
| 15238 | 9973668 | Serum leptin levels in young females with insulin-dependent diabetes and the relationship to hyperandrogenicity and microalbuminuria. |
| 15239 | 9973668 | To investigate the relationship between leptin levels and IDDM with and without microalbuminuria, fasting serum levels of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (SHBG) ratio, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 normo- and 11 microalbuminuric females with >5 years of IDDM, and 24 healthy controls in late puberty. |
| 15240 | 9973668 | Leptin levels were higher in micro- than normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, and lower in healthy controls than in both IDDM groups (p < 0.05, respectively). |
| 15241 | 9973668 | In multiple regression analysis, presence of IDDM and BMI independently contributed to increased leptin values (R2 = 0.34, p < 0.001). |
| 15242 | 9973668 | Including IDDM females only, solely low IGF-1 and high testosterone/SHBG were associated with leptin (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.009). |
| 15243 | 9973668 | Albumin excretion rate (AER) was correlated to leptin (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). |
| 15244 | 9973668 | In conclusion, serum leptin, independently of BMI, is: (1) increased in IDDM females of late puberty; (2) associated with low IGF-1 and hyperandrogenemia, and (3) related to increased albumin excretion rate in IDDM females. |
| 15245 | 9973668 | Serum leptin levels in young females with insulin-dependent diabetes and the relationship to hyperandrogenicity and microalbuminuria. |
| 15246 | 9973668 | To investigate the relationship between leptin levels and IDDM with and without microalbuminuria, fasting serum levels of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (SHBG) ratio, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 normo- and 11 microalbuminuric females with >5 years of IDDM, and 24 healthy controls in late puberty. |
| 15247 | 9973668 | Leptin levels were higher in micro- than normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, and lower in healthy controls than in both IDDM groups (p < 0.05, respectively). |
| 15248 | 9973668 | In multiple regression analysis, presence of IDDM and BMI independently contributed to increased leptin values (R2 = 0.34, p < 0.001). |
| 15249 | 9973668 | Including IDDM females only, solely low IGF-1 and high testosterone/SHBG were associated with leptin (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.009). |
| 15250 | 9973668 | Albumin excretion rate (AER) was correlated to leptin (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). |
| 15251 | 9973668 | In conclusion, serum leptin, independently of BMI, is: (1) increased in IDDM females of late puberty; (2) associated with low IGF-1 and hyperandrogenemia, and (3) related to increased albumin excretion rate in IDDM females. |
| 15252 | 9973668 | Serum leptin levels in young females with insulin-dependent diabetes and the relationship to hyperandrogenicity and microalbuminuria. |
| 15253 | 9973668 | To investigate the relationship between leptin levels and IDDM with and without microalbuminuria, fasting serum levels of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (SHBG) ratio, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 normo- and 11 microalbuminuric females with >5 years of IDDM, and 24 healthy controls in late puberty. |
| 15254 | 9973668 | Leptin levels were higher in micro- than normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, and lower in healthy controls than in both IDDM groups (p < 0.05, respectively). |
| 15255 | 9973668 | In multiple regression analysis, presence of IDDM and BMI independently contributed to increased leptin values (R2 = 0.34, p < 0.001). |
| 15256 | 9973668 | Including IDDM females only, solely low IGF-1 and high testosterone/SHBG were associated with leptin (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.009). |
| 15257 | 9973668 | Albumin excretion rate (AER) was correlated to leptin (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). |
| 15258 | 9973668 | In conclusion, serum leptin, independently of BMI, is: (1) increased in IDDM females of late puberty; (2) associated with low IGF-1 and hyperandrogenemia, and (3) related to increased albumin excretion rate in IDDM females. |
| 15259 | 9973668 | Serum leptin levels in young females with insulin-dependent diabetes and the relationship to hyperandrogenicity and microalbuminuria. |
| 15260 | 9973668 | To investigate the relationship between leptin levels and IDDM with and without microalbuminuria, fasting serum levels of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (SHBG) ratio, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 normo- and 11 microalbuminuric females with >5 years of IDDM, and 24 healthy controls in late puberty. |
| 15261 | 9973668 | Leptin levels were higher in micro- than normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, and lower in healthy controls than in both IDDM groups (p < 0.05, respectively). |
| 15262 | 9973668 | In multiple regression analysis, presence of IDDM and BMI independently contributed to increased leptin values (R2 = 0.34, p < 0.001). |
| 15263 | 9973668 | Including IDDM females only, solely low IGF-1 and high testosterone/SHBG were associated with leptin (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.009). |
| 15264 | 9973668 | Albumin excretion rate (AER) was correlated to leptin (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). |
| 15265 | 9973668 | In conclusion, serum leptin, independently of BMI, is: (1) increased in IDDM females of late puberty; (2) associated with low IGF-1 and hyperandrogenemia, and (3) related to increased albumin excretion rate in IDDM females. |
| 15266 | 9973668 | Serum leptin levels in young females with insulin-dependent diabetes and the relationship to hyperandrogenicity and microalbuminuria. |
| 15267 | 9973668 | To investigate the relationship between leptin levels and IDDM with and without microalbuminuria, fasting serum levels of leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone (SHBG) ratio, blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were measured in 18 normo- and 11 microalbuminuric females with >5 years of IDDM, and 24 healthy controls in late puberty. |
| 15268 | 9973668 | Leptin levels were higher in micro- than normoalbuminuric IDDM patients, and lower in healthy controls than in both IDDM groups (p < 0.05, respectively). |
| 15269 | 9973668 | In multiple regression analysis, presence of IDDM and BMI independently contributed to increased leptin values (R2 = 0.34, p < 0.001). |
| 15270 | 9973668 | Including IDDM females only, solely low IGF-1 and high testosterone/SHBG were associated with leptin (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.009). |
| 15271 | 9973668 | Albumin excretion rate (AER) was correlated to leptin (r = 0.48, p = 0.01). |
| 15272 | 9973668 | In conclusion, serum leptin, independently of BMI, is: (1) increased in IDDM females of late puberty; (2) associated with low IGF-1 and hyperandrogenemia, and (3) related to increased albumin excretion rate in IDDM females. |
| 15273 | 10021694 | In this study we analyzed three cases of patients affected by L.C.D.: two of them suffered from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the other one from infantile cerebral palsy and eosinophilic gastroenteritis. |
| 15274 | 10027581 | In this analysis the prevalence of QT interval prolongation and its relation with diabetic complications were evaluated in the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study (3250 insulin-dependent diabetic patients attending 31 centres in 16 European countries). |
| 15275 | 10028610 | [Bilateral renal agenesis in insulin-dependent maternal diabetes mellitus (IDDM)--a case report]. |
| 15276 | 10036339 | There are currently no guidelines regarding the carbohydrate (CHO) dosage required to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15277 | 10047432 | T cell responses to peptide epitopes of the 60 kDa heat shock protein (hsp60) have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in mice. |
| 15278 | 10051804 | We, therefore, performed a trial of the effect of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril on retinopathy and nephropathy in normotensive patients with IDDM. |
| 15279 | 10051804 | We performed a two year randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril on 530 normotensive IDDM patients within the age group 20-59 years from 18 European centres. |
| 15280 | 10051804 | We, therefore, performed a trial of the effect of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril on retinopathy and nephropathy in normotensive patients with IDDM. |
| 15281 | 10051804 | We performed a two year randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril on 530 normotensive IDDM patients within the age group 20-59 years from 18 European centres. |
| 15282 | 10052645 | Progression of IDDM patients having microalbuminuria or diabetic nephropathy with or without hypertension has improved during the past decade largely because of adequate glycaemic control and effective antihypertensive treatment with conventional drugs e.g. beta-blockers and calcium antagonists, and more so due to the use of ACE inhibitors e.g. captopril, enalapril etc. |
| 15283 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15284 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15285 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15286 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15287 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15288 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15289 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15290 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15291 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15292 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15293 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15294 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15295 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15296 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15297 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15298 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15299 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15300 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15301 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15302 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15303 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15304 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15305 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15306 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15307 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15308 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15309 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15310 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15311 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15312 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15313 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15314 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15315 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15316 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15317 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15318 | 10052685 | Lack of association between CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and IDDM in Japanese subjects. |
| 15319 | 10052685 | Susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is determined by both environmental and genetic factors. |
| 15320 | 10052685 | Recent studies have described linkage and association of IDDM to the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) in Caucasians. |
| 15321 | 10052685 | We investigated the distribution of a CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 110 Japanese patients with IDDM and 200 control subjects. |
| 15322 | 10052685 | In 84 patients, we also investigated associations between this CTLA-4 gene polymorphism and GAD65 antibody positivity. |
| 15323 | 10052685 | There was no significant difference in the distribution of CTLA-4 alleles in patients and controls and no difference was observed in prevalence of CTLA-4 alleles when GAD65 antibody-positive and -negative individuals in the IDDM groups were compared. |
| 15324 | 10052685 | The present study did not support an association between the CTLA-4 gene and IDDM in the Japanese population. |
| 15325 | 10071763 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), AGE-binding was significantly increased as compared to healthy individuals. |
| 15326 | 10075863 | T cells with somatically acquired mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene were isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as representatives of populations potentially enriched for in vivo activated T cells. |
| 15327 | 10075863 | TCRB gene V region usage among mutant isolates from individual IDDM patients, but not from normal controls, showed a pronounced preference for BV14 and, to a lesser extent, BV6. |
| 15328 | 10075863 | Extensive in vivo clonal expansions of the BV14 expressing mutant T cells from IDDM patients were revealed by sequence identity of TCRB chain junctional regions. |
| 15329 | 10075863 | These data support restricted TCRB gene usage in T cell populations enriched for in vivo activated clones in patients with IDDM. |
| 15330 | 10075863 | T cells with somatically acquired mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene were isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as representatives of populations potentially enriched for in vivo activated T cells. |
| 15331 | 10075863 | TCRB gene V region usage among mutant isolates from individual IDDM patients, but not from normal controls, showed a pronounced preference for BV14 and, to a lesser extent, BV6. |
| 15332 | 10075863 | Extensive in vivo clonal expansions of the BV14 expressing mutant T cells from IDDM patients were revealed by sequence identity of TCRB chain junctional regions. |
| 15333 | 10075863 | These data support restricted TCRB gene usage in T cell populations enriched for in vivo activated clones in patients with IDDM. |
| 15334 | 10075863 | T cells with somatically acquired mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene were isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as representatives of populations potentially enriched for in vivo activated T cells. |
| 15335 | 10075863 | TCRB gene V region usage among mutant isolates from individual IDDM patients, but not from normal controls, showed a pronounced preference for BV14 and, to a lesser extent, BV6. |
| 15336 | 10075863 | Extensive in vivo clonal expansions of the BV14 expressing mutant T cells from IDDM patients were revealed by sequence identity of TCRB chain junctional regions. |
| 15337 | 10075863 | These data support restricted TCRB gene usage in T cell populations enriched for in vivo activated clones in patients with IDDM. |
| 15338 | 10075863 | T cells with somatically acquired mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene were isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as representatives of populations potentially enriched for in vivo activated T cells. |
| 15339 | 10075863 | TCRB gene V region usage among mutant isolates from individual IDDM patients, but not from normal controls, showed a pronounced preference for BV14 and, to a lesser extent, BV6. |
| 15340 | 10075863 | Extensive in vivo clonal expansions of the BV14 expressing mutant T cells from IDDM patients were revealed by sequence identity of TCRB chain junctional regions. |
| 15341 | 10075863 | These data support restricted TCRB gene usage in T cell populations enriched for in vivo activated clones in patients with IDDM. |
| 15342 | 10077416 | ACE inhibitors have been found by clinical trials to be useful agents in the settings of established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) nephropathy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) nephropathy, IDDM patients with normal blood pressures and microalbuminuria, NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria and normal renal function, and a variety of nondiabetic renal diseases, especially in the setting of significant proteinuria. |
| 15343 | 10077416 | The angiotensin II antagonists have theoretical advantages for use in renal impairment, and seem to have similar renal hemodynamic and antiproteinuric effects to ACE inhibitors, but further clinical study is needed. |
| 15344 | 10078022 | Several investigators have reported the possibility of gene therapy for experimental autoimmune diseases such as type-1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 15345 | 10080827 | We have previously reported that oxLDL Ab exist both in free form and as antigen-antibody complexes (LDL-IC) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15346 | 10080840 | To investigate whether type 1 diabetes in man is associated with a preferential Th1/Th2 response, and whether autoantibodies to one of the main autoantigens would reflect such a response, we characterized the immunoglobulin isotype profile to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in siblings to IDDM patients. |
| 15347 | 10080840 | The rank order of anti-GAD65 immunoglobulin isotypes was similar in the siblings before and at clinical onset of IDDM, IgG1 > IgG4 > IgM > IgE > IgA > IgG3 > IgG2, but markedly different in the individuals at low risk, IgG1 > IgM > IgE > IgG4 > IgG3 > IgA > IgG2. |
| 15348 | 10080840 | Based on these observations, we suggest that progression to clinical onset of IDDM is associated with a maturation and a decrease in the Th2 immune response against GAD65; findings which could have implications for future intervention and prediction strategies. |
| 15349 | 10080840 | To investigate whether type 1 diabetes in man is associated with a preferential Th1/Th2 response, and whether autoantibodies to one of the main autoantigens would reflect such a response, we characterized the immunoglobulin isotype profile to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in siblings to IDDM patients. |
| 15350 | 10080840 | The rank order of anti-GAD65 immunoglobulin isotypes was similar in the siblings before and at clinical onset of IDDM, IgG1 > IgG4 > IgM > IgE > IgA > IgG3 > IgG2, but markedly different in the individuals at low risk, IgG1 > IgM > IgE > IgG4 > IgG3 > IgA > IgG2. |
| 15351 | 10080840 | Based on these observations, we suggest that progression to clinical onset of IDDM is associated with a maturation and a decrease in the Th2 immune response against GAD65; findings which could have implications for future intervention and prediction strategies. |
| 15352 | 10080840 | To investigate whether type 1 diabetes in man is associated with a preferential Th1/Th2 response, and whether autoantibodies to one of the main autoantigens would reflect such a response, we characterized the immunoglobulin isotype profile to the 65-kDa isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) in siblings to IDDM patients. |
| 15353 | 10080840 | The rank order of anti-GAD65 immunoglobulin isotypes was similar in the siblings before and at clinical onset of IDDM, IgG1 > IgG4 > IgM > IgE > IgA > IgG3 > IgG2, but markedly different in the individuals at low risk, IgG1 > IgM > IgE > IgG4 > IgG3 > IgA > IgG2. |
| 15354 | 10080840 | Based on these observations, we suggest that progression to clinical onset of IDDM is associated with a maturation and a decrease in the Th2 immune response against GAD65; findings which could have implications for future intervention and prediction strategies. |
| 15355 | 10081651 | The aim of the review is to discuss our present knowledge of the activities and gene expression of hexokinase II (HKII), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and glycogen synthase (GS) in human skeletal muscle in states of altered insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism. |
| 15356 | 10081651 | My own experimental studies have comprised patients with disorders characterized by insulin resistance like non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after therapeutic interventions, patients with microvascular angina and patients with severe insulin resistant diabetes mellitus and congenital muscle fiber type disproportion myopathy as well as athletes who are in a state of improved insulin sensitivity. |
| 15357 | 10081651 | In states characterized by insulin resistance but normoglycaemia, the activity of HKII measured in needle revealed any genetic variability that contributes to explain the decreased muscle levels of GS mRNA or the decreased activity and activation of muscle GS in NIDDM patients and their glucose tolerant but insulin resistant relatives. |
| 15358 | 10091159 | The incidence and prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) were studied in a series of 273 patients with thalassaemia major followed in Ferrara from 1954 to 1998. |
| 15359 | 10095998 | Refinement of the paradigm of MHC restriction at the molecular level has allowed a view of the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a prototypic autoimmune disease, unprecedented in its detail. |
| 15360 | 10099077 | ACE inhibitors have been found to be useful agents in preventing the progression of renal disease in the settings of established insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) nephropathy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) nephropathy, IDDM patients with normal blood pressures and microalbuminuria, NIDDM patients with microalbuminuria and normal renal function, and a variety of non-diabetic renal diseases, especially in the setting of significant proteinuria. |
| 15361 | 10099077 | Although promising, the calcium antagonists and the new angiotensin II antagonists have not been studied as intensively as ACE inhibitors in regard to their ability to slow the progression of renal insufficiency. |
| 15362 | 10101538 | Value of the residual urine index was evaluated in 40 individuals both insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic male patients with and without an objective evidence of neuropathy and in 20 age matched non-diabetic men serving as controls using post void bladder ultrasonographic technique. |
| 15363 | 10158998 | Issues of quality of life (QOL) have often been considered for patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes). |
| 15364 | 10159000 | These comparisons show that the rate of premature retirement for both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type II diabetes) patients was twice that of the average population. |
| 15365 | 10159002 | These patients live long enough to develop nephropathy, and they do so at the same rate as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes) patients. |
| 15366 | 10159009 | Primary prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes) remains a research goal. |
| 15367 | 10160085 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a prevalent chronic disease that causes marked personal and financial costs for patients, their families and society. |
| 15368 | 10169388 | Economic evaluation of ACE inhibitor treatment of nephropathy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Italy. |
| 15369 | 10169388 | Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), with proteinuria being the main clinical manifestation of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 15370 | 10186435 | Insulin dependent diabetic (IDDM) present a 3 to 6-fold mortality and die after age 30, the most frequent causes being end stage renal and vascular diseases. |
| 15371 | 10193411 | TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15372 | 10193411 | We investigated serum levels of sTNF receptors (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII) in IDDM patients with or without PDR, and related these to the in vitro production of TNF-alpha upon activation of whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells (MNC). |
| 15373 | 10193411 | Inhibition of TNF-alpha by TNF-R in plasma supernatants of activated blood from PDR patients was demonstrated by increase of TNF-alpha activity in the presence of anti-TNF-RI and anti-TNF-RII antibodies. |
| 15374 | 10193411 | TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15375 | 10193411 | We investigated serum levels of sTNF receptors (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII) in IDDM patients with or without PDR, and related these to the in vitro production of TNF-alpha upon activation of whole blood and isolated mononuclear cells (MNC). |
| 15376 | 10193411 | Inhibition of TNF-alpha by TNF-R in plasma supernatants of activated blood from PDR patients was demonstrated by increase of TNF-alpha activity in the presence of anti-TNF-RI and anti-TNF-RII antibodies. |
| 15377 | 10195855 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition, may have a devastating acute and long-term effect on the patient and his or her family. |
| 15378 | 10199134 | The words IDDM and NIDDM will be retained as terms representing the different degree of insulin deficiency. |
| 15379 | 10199151 | In IDDM and several special cases including diabetic ketoacidosis, severe infection, pregnancy, poor-controlled NIDDM, gangrane, surgery operation, severe renal or hepatic failure et al. insulin therapy should be started. |
| 15380 | 10200497 | Aspects of the involvement of interleukin-1 and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15381 | 10200497 | The possible involvement of the cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed and current and potential therapies are discussed. |
| 15382 | 10200497 | In IDDM, islet-infiltrating macrophages produce IL-1 which is cytotoxic specifically to beta-cells in vitro. |
| 15383 | 10200497 | Additionally, IL-1 depresses beta-cell energy production, insulin gene expression and cyclic AMP synthesis, and impacts negatively on different parts of the insulin stimulus-secretion coupling, actions mimicked by NO. |
| 15384 | 10200497 | Peptides capable of blocking beta-cell IL-1 receptors, and agents blocking NO synthesis may prove valuable in preserving beta-cell function in IDDM. |
| 15385 | 10200497 | If IL-1 is causing beta-cell dysfunction in human IDDM through NO production, several processes in the IL-1-NO connection are appropriate targets for agents protecting beta-cells from destruction and functional inhibition in IDDM. |
| 15386 | 10200497 | Aspects of the involvement of interleukin-1 and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15387 | 10200497 | The possible involvement of the cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed and current and potential therapies are discussed. |
| 15388 | 10200497 | In IDDM, islet-infiltrating macrophages produce IL-1 which is cytotoxic specifically to beta-cells in vitro. |
| 15389 | 10200497 | Additionally, IL-1 depresses beta-cell energy production, insulin gene expression and cyclic AMP synthesis, and impacts negatively on different parts of the insulin stimulus-secretion coupling, actions mimicked by NO. |
| 15390 | 10200497 | Peptides capable of blocking beta-cell IL-1 receptors, and agents blocking NO synthesis may prove valuable in preserving beta-cell function in IDDM. |
| 15391 | 10200497 | If IL-1 is causing beta-cell dysfunction in human IDDM through NO production, several processes in the IL-1-NO connection are appropriate targets for agents protecting beta-cells from destruction and functional inhibition in IDDM. |
| 15392 | 10200497 | Aspects of the involvement of interleukin-1 and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15393 | 10200497 | The possible involvement of the cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed and current and potential therapies are discussed. |
| 15394 | 10200497 | In IDDM, islet-infiltrating macrophages produce IL-1 which is cytotoxic specifically to beta-cells in vitro. |
| 15395 | 10200497 | Additionally, IL-1 depresses beta-cell energy production, insulin gene expression and cyclic AMP synthesis, and impacts negatively on different parts of the insulin stimulus-secretion coupling, actions mimicked by NO. |
| 15396 | 10200497 | Peptides capable of blocking beta-cell IL-1 receptors, and agents blocking NO synthesis may prove valuable in preserving beta-cell function in IDDM. |
| 15397 | 10200497 | If IL-1 is causing beta-cell dysfunction in human IDDM through NO production, several processes in the IL-1-NO connection are appropriate targets for agents protecting beta-cells from destruction and functional inhibition in IDDM. |
| 15398 | 10200497 | Aspects of the involvement of interleukin-1 and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15399 | 10200497 | The possible involvement of the cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) and nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is reviewed and current and potential therapies are discussed. |
| 15400 | 10200497 | In IDDM, islet-infiltrating macrophages produce IL-1 which is cytotoxic specifically to beta-cells in vitro. |
| 15401 | 10200497 | Additionally, IL-1 depresses beta-cell energy production, insulin gene expression and cyclic AMP synthesis, and impacts negatively on different parts of the insulin stimulus-secretion coupling, actions mimicked by NO. |
| 15402 | 10200497 | Peptides capable of blocking beta-cell IL-1 receptors, and agents blocking NO synthesis may prove valuable in preserving beta-cell function in IDDM. |
| 15403 | 10200497 | If IL-1 is causing beta-cell dysfunction in human IDDM through NO production, several processes in the IL-1-NO connection are appropriate targets for agents protecting beta-cells from destruction and functional inhibition in IDDM. |
| 15404 | 10207929 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is rare in Chinese children. |
| 15405 | 10209508 | Disease-associated autoantibodies and HLA-DQB1 genotypes in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15406 | 10209508 | The possible relation between HLA-DQ genotypes and both frequencies and levels of autoantibodies associated with IDDM was assessed by examining HLA-DQB1 alleles and antibodies to islet cells (ICA), insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-related IA-2 molecule (IA-2A) in 631 newly diagnosed diabetic children under the age of 15 years. |
| 15407 | 10209508 | These results show that DQB1*0302, the most important single IDDM susceptibility allele, is associated with a strong antibody response to IA-2 and insulin, while GAD-specific humoral autoimmunity is linked to the *02 allele, in common with a series of other autoimmune diseases as well as IDDM. |
| 15408 | 10209508 | Disease-associated autoantibodies and HLA-DQB1 genotypes in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15409 | 10209508 | The possible relation between HLA-DQ genotypes and both frequencies and levels of autoantibodies associated with IDDM was assessed by examining HLA-DQB1 alleles and antibodies to islet cells (ICA), insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-related IA-2 molecule (IA-2A) in 631 newly diagnosed diabetic children under the age of 15 years. |
| 15410 | 10209508 | These results show that DQB1*0302, the most important single IDDM susceptibility allele, is associated with a strong antibody response to IA-2 and insulin, while GAD-specific humoral autoimmunity is linked to the *02 allele, in common with a series of other autoimmune diseases as well as IDDM. |
| 15411 | 10209508 | Disease-associated autoantibodies and HLA-DQB1 genotypes in children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15412 | 10209508 | The possible relation between HLA-DQ genotypes and both frequencies and levels of autoantibodies associated with IDDM was assessed by examining HLA-DQB1 alleles and antibodies to islet cells (ICA), insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase-related IA-2 molecule (IA-2A) in 631 newly diagnosed diabetic children under the age of 15 years. |
| 15413 | 10209508 | These results show that DQB1*0302, the most important single IDDM susceptibility allele, is associated with a strong antibody response to IA-2 and insulin, while GAD-specific humoral autoimmunity is linked to the *02 allele, in common with a series of other autoimmune diseases as well as IDDM. |
| 15414 | 10209507 | Jejuna of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show signs of immune activation. |
| 15415 | 10209507 | The roles of enteric viruses and food antigens as possible triggers in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the evidence that mucosal-associated homing receptors are important in both human and experimental diabetes prompted us to undertake an immunohistochemical study of intestinal specimens from patients with IDDM. |
| 15416 | 10209507 | We studied jejunal morphology and immunohistochemistry in 26 patients with IDDM, 13 of whom had the HLA-DQB1*0201 gene and therefore a higher risk of coeliac disease. |
| 15417 | 10209507 | The densities of T cells, CD4+, CD8+, and T cell receptor alpha/beta+ and gamma/delta+ cells in the epithelium and lamina propria were similar in patients and controls, but the patients had significantly more alpha 4/beta 7 integrin+ cells in the lamina propria (P = 0.006). |
| 15418 | 10209507 | Jejuna of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show signs of immune activation. |
| 15419 | 10209507 | The roles of enteric viruses and food antigens as possible triggers in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the evidence that mucosal-associated homing receptors are important in both human and experimental diabetes prompted us to undertake an immunohistochemical study of intestinal specimens from patients with IDDM. |
| 15420 | 10209507 | We studied jejunal morphology and immunohistochemistry in 26 patients with IDDM, 13 of whom had the HLA-DQB1*0201 gene and therefore a higher risk of coeliac disease. |
| 15421 | 10209507 | The densities of T cells, CD4+, CD8+, and T cell receptor alpha/beta+ and gamma/delta+ cells in the epithelium and lamina propria were similar in patients and controls, but the patients had significantly more alpha 4/beta 7 integrin+ cells in the lamina propria (P = 0.006). |
| 15422 | 10209507 | Jejuna of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show signs of immune activation. |
| 15423 | 10209507 | The roles of enteric viruses and food antigens as possible triggers in human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and the evidence that mucosal-associated homing receptors are important in both human and experimental diabetes prompted us to undertake an immunohistochemical study of intestinal specimens from patients with IDDM. |
| 15424 | 10209507 | We studied jejunal morphology and immunohistochemistry in 26 patients with IDDM, 13 of whom had the HLA-DQB1*0201 gene and therefore a higher risk of coeliac disease. |
| 15425 | 10209507 | The densities of T cells, CD4+, CD8+, and T cell receptor alpha/beta+ and gamma/delta+ cells in the epithelium and lamina propria were similar in patients and controls, but the patients had significantly more alpha 4/beta 7 integrin+ cells in the lamina propria (P = 0.006). |
| 15426 | 10219830 | Twenty healthy subjects and 21 patients, 11 with SIBO and 10 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were included. |
| 15427 | 10221665 | Systemic levels of cytokines and GAD-specific autoantibodies isotypes in Chinese IDDM patients. |
| 15428 | 10221665 | It is not clear if a Th1/Th2 imbalance in Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) would lead to a particular antigen-specific IgG subclass dominant as had been shown in the mouse model. |
| 15429 | 10221665 | With high-sensitivity ELISA systems that measure sub-picogram cytokine concentrations, 26 of the 41 patients (63.4%) had at least one of the pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-12) detected. |
| 15430 | 10221665 | Systemic levels of cytokines and GAD-specific autoantibodies isotypes in Chinese IDDM patients. |
| 15431 | 10221665 | It is not clear if a Th1/Th2 imbalance in Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) would lead to a particular antigen-specific IgG subclass dominant as had been shown in the mouse model. |
| 15432 | 10221665 | With high-sensitivity ELISA systems that measure sub-picogram cytokine concentrations, 26 of the 41 patients (63.4%) had at least one of the pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-12) detected. |
| 15433 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15434 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15435 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15436 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15437 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15438 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15439 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15440 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15441 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15442 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15443 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15444 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15445 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15446 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15447 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15448 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15449 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15450 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15451 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15452 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15453 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15454 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15455 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15456 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15457 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15458 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15459 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15460 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15461 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15462 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15463 | 10226887 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the selective destruction of pancreatic beta cells by a T cell-mediated autoimmune process. |
| 15464 | 10226887 | Using short-term cultures of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we evaluated T-cell responses to proinsulin and to insulin in IDDM patients and individuals at risk for IDDM. |
| 15465 | 10226887 | A proliferative T-cell response to proinsulin was observed in only 2 of 26 recent-onset IDDM subjects and 2 of 12 long-standing IDDM subjects and was associated with a proliferative response to insulin. |
| 15466 | 10226887 | In contrast, 5 of 13 islet cell autoantibody-positive first-degree relatives of IDDM patients showed a proliferative response to proinsulin alone, 3 of 13 to insulin alone, and 1 of 13 to both insulin and proinsulin. |
| 15467 | 10226887 | We observed an inverse relationship between antiinsulin antibodies and T-cell responses to insulin in ICA-positive first-degree relatives but not in long-standing IDDM patients. |
| 15468 | 10226887 | Our data indicate that proinsulin is a major antigen in IDDM and, further, illustrate the difference between the autoimmune response to insulin and the immune response to exogenous insulin. |
| 15469 | 10232456 | Cross-sectional data relating to 149 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients were collected from patient records, and by clinical oral examination and a quantitative questionnaire. |
| 15470 | 10232709 | We have performed a cross-sectional analysis of the relationship between prorenin values and the microvascular complications of diabetes in a well controlled population of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 15471 | 10233747 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15472 | 10233747 | Here, we have investigated whether protection of NOD mice from IDDM was associated with changes on costimulatory pathways of T and B cells, namely CD28/CTLA-4-B7 and CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) and we also further characterized protective T helper (Th) cells with regards to the expression of the differentiation markers CD45RB and CD38. |
| 15473 | 10233747 | The protective effect of Mycobacterium avium infection is also associated with increased CD40L and CTLA-4- expressing Th cells and with the generation of a CD40- IgG+ B cells. |
| 15474 | 10233747 | Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15475 | 10233747 | Here, we have investigated whether protection of NOD mice from IDDM was associated with changes on costimulatory pathways of T and B cells, namely CD28/CTLA-4-B7 and CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) and we also further characterized protective T helper (Th) cells with regards to the expression of the differentiation markers CD45RB and CD38. |
| 15476 | 10233747 | The protective effect of Mycobacterium avium infection is also associated with increased CD40L and CTLA-4- expressing Th cells and with the generation of a CD40- IgG+ B cells. |
| 15477 | 10319267 | This review concerns the 8.1 AH (HLA-A1, C7, B8, C4AQ0, C4B1, DR3, DQ2), which is carried by most Caucasians with HLA-B8. |
| 15478 | 10319267 | It is associated with accelerated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, common variable immunodeficiency and IgA deficiency, myasthenia gravis and several other conditions. |
| 15479 | 10319267 | We have mapped susceptibility genes for HIV, IDDM and myasthenia gravis to the central MHC between HLA-B and the tumour necrosis factor or complement genes. |
| 15480 | 10319267 | This review concerns the 8.1 AH (HLA-A1, C7, B8, C4AQ0, C4B1, DR3, DQ2), which is carried by most Caucasians with HLA-B8. |
| 15481 | 10319267 | It is associated with accelerated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease, and susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, common variable immunodeficiency and IgA deficiency, myasthenia gravis and several other conditions. |
| 15482 | 10319267 | We have mapped susceptibility genes for HIV, IDDM and myasthenia gravis to the central MHC between HLA-B and the tumour necrosis factor or complement genes. |
| 15483 | 10320438 | In adults with IDDM, cognitive impairments may be associated independently with chronic hyperglycemia-as indexed by glycosylated hemoglobin levels or by the presence of biomedical complications, or with repeated episodes of moderately severe hypoglycemia. |
| 15484 | 10320922 | Genetic markers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Sardinia. |
| 15485 | 10320922 | The distributions of some genetic markers in 106 Sardinian individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in a control sample of 186 nondiabetic Sardinians were studied. |
| 15486 | 10320922 | Genetic markers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in Sardinia. |
| 15487 | 10320922 | The distributions of some genetic markers in 106 Sardinian individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in a control sample of 186 nondiabetic Sardinians were studied. |
| 15488 | 10323367 | Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that results from the destruction of insulin-secreting pancreatic islet beta-cells by autoreactive cells and their mediators. |
| 15489 | 10323367 | Th1 cytokines, including interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma, induced islet beta-cell destruction directly by accelerating activation-induced cell death (apoptosis) and by up-regulating the expression of select adhesion molecules, Th1 cytokines facilitated the pancreatic homing of autoreactive leukocytes, hence enhancing beta-cell destruction. |
| 15490 | 10330294 | To evaluate the potential of this approach for treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we have designed a cyclic peptide vaccine, DiavaX, from the third hypervariable region of the beta-chain of the NOD mouse MHC class II I-Ag7. |
| 15491 | 10330300 | GAD65 (glutamic acid decarboxylase) is an important autoantigen in both type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and the neurological autoimmune disease stiff-man syndrome (SMS), and is expressed in pancreatic islets as well as the nervous system. |
| 15492 | 10330300 | To study regulation of T cell responsiveness to GAD65, we investigated a non-diabetic SMS patient with HLA-DR3/7 (predisposing to type 1 diabetes) and high levels of type 1 diabetes-associated autoantibodies against GAD65 and islet cells, and compared the results with those of her diabetic son and two other SMS patients. |
| 15493 | 10330300 | T cell responses to GAD65 were repeatedly absent in primary stimulation, whereas IA-2, islet antigen and tetanus toxoid induced significant T cell proliferation. |
| 15494 | 10330300 | These T cells produced the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 in combination with IFN-gamma and IL-4 (Th0). |
| 15495 | 10333088 | Insulin increases in vitro production of Th2 profile cytokines in peripheral blood cultures in subjects at high risk of diabetes type 1 and patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. |
| 15496 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15497 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15498 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15499 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15500 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15501 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15502 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15503 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15504 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15505 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15506 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15507 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15508 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15509 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15510 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15511 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15512 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15513 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15514 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15515 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15516 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15517 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15518 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15519 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15520 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15521 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15522 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15523 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15524 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15525 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15526 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15527 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15528 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15529 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15530 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15531 | 10334305 | Cellular immune responses against proinsulin: no evidence for enhanced reactivity in individuals with IDDM. |
| 15532 | 10334305 | Investigations of humans and nonobese diabetic mice suggest that proinsulin and/or a fragment of the region spanning C-peptide and the B-chain of insulin (i.e., proinsulin peptide) may serve as key autoantigens in IDDM. |
| 15533 | 10334305 | In vitro peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) responses against these antigens, a control antigen (tetanus toxoid), and phytohemaglutinin were determined in 60 individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (< or = 1 day from diagnosis) in 34 islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibody- and/or insulin autoantibody-negative first-degree relatives of the IDDM subjects, and in 28 autoantibody-negative control subjects. |
| 15534 | 10334305 | Unlike previous reports suggesting diabetes-associated elevations in cellular immunity to other beta-cell antigens (e.g., GAD, IA-2, etc.), we observed equivalent levels of phytohemaglutinin stimulation and cellular proliferation in all groups against these antigens (all P values were not significant). |
| 15535 | 10334305 | The mean stimulation index +/- SD and frequency of reactivity to proinsulin for healthy control subjects and IDDM patients, respectively, were as follows: 1 microg/ml (1.5 +/- 1.0, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.9 +/- 1.4, 4 out of 33 [12%]); 10 microg/ml (1.7 +/- 1.3, 1 out of 17 [6%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 0 out of 28 [0%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.2 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 16 [6%]; 1.1 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 27 [4%]). |
| 15536 | 10334305 | The response in healthy control subjects, autoantibody-negative relatives, and IDDM patients, respectively, against the proinsulin peptide fragment were as follows: 1 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.4, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.3 +/- 1.1, 4 out of 34 [11%]; 1.1 +/- 0.3, 2 out of 28 [7%]); 10 microg/ml (0.9 +/- 0.6, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.6, 3 out of 34 [9%] 1.4 +/- 1.7, 2 out of 28 [7%]); and 50 microg/ml (1.0 +/- 0.7, 1 out of 12 [8%]; 1.2 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 34 [6%]; 1.3 +/- 0.5, 2 out of 28 [7%]). |
| 15537 | 10334305 | Taken together with previous studies reporting relatively infrequent occurrences of autoantibodies to proinsulin, the role of immunity to this molecule in the pathogenesis of IDDM in humans remains unclear. |
| 15538 | 10335123 | In both groups--patients treated with insulin and with oral antidiabetic agents a positive correlation between fT4 and glycated hemoglobin levels were observed. |
| 15539 | 10335123 | There are no differences in thyroid gland function in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 15540 | 10335422 | In insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients suffering from neuropathy, red blood cell (RBC) Na/K ATPase is decreased. |
| 15541 | 10335422 | Moreover, ACE inhibitor treatment in IDDM patients, whether hypertensive or not, was associated with higher levels of RBC Na/K ATPase, which could account for its beneficial effect on diabetic neuropathy. |
| 15542 | 10335422 | In insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients suffering from neuropathy, red blood cell (RBC) Na/K ATPase is decreased. |
| 15543 | 10335422 | Moreover, ACE inhibitor treatment in IDDM patients, whether hypertensive or not, was associated with higher levels of RBC Na/K ATPase, which could account for its beneficial effect on diabetic neuropathy. |
| 15544 | 10336856 | To investigate the role of our cloned transmembrane envelope protein in the pathogenesis of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoantigen or immunosuppressive modulator, a high amount of transmembrane envelope protein was essentially required. |
| 15545 | 10336856 | The processed hydrophilic retroviral transmembrane envelope protein was still immune reactive with NOD sera and also showed immunosuppressive activity by down-regulating the Th1-type cytokine (interferon-gamma) and up-regulating the Th2-type cytokine (interleukin 10). |
| 15546 | 10337243 | In cattle, we encountered insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection. |
| 15547 | 10337852 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the action of plasma from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) pregnant women on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). |
| 15548 | 10337852 | We observed a significant increase in NOS activity, intracellular calcium, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in cultured HUVECs exposed to IDDM plasma. |
| 15549 | 10337852 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the action of plasma from insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) pregnant women on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). |
| 15550 | 10337852 | We observed a significant increase in NOS activity, intracellular calcium, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity in cultured HUVECs exposed to IDDM plasma. |
| 15551 | 10339045 | We designed and evaluated an ambulatory care intervention aimed at improving glycemic control and reducing hospitalizations in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15552 | 10342534 | The height at time of diagnosis of 35 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was compared with growth reference data. |
| 15553 | 10352280 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), fails to express surface MHC class II I-Eg7 molecules due to a deletion in the E alpha gene promoter. |
| 15554 | 10352280 | Of 80 hsp peptides tested, none bind with high affinity to both MHC molecules, arguing against some of the mechanisms hypothesized to explain protection from IDDM in E alpha-transgenic NOD mice. |
| 15555 | 10352280 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), fails to express surface MHC class II I-Eg7 molecules due to a deletion in the E alpha gene promoter. |
| 15556 | 10352280 | Of 80 hsp peptides tested, none bind with high affinity to both MHC molecules, arguing against some of the mechanisms hypothesized to explain protection from IDDM in E alpha-transgenic NOD mice. |
| 15557 | 10353294 | It remains to be evaluated whether angiotensin II-receptor antagonists can exert intrarenal effects and antiproteinuric actions similar to those of ACE inhibitors. |
| 15558 | 10353294 | While primary prevention of diabetic nephropathy is still an unsolved problem. there is convincing evidence that in patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IDDM) or 2 diabetes mellitus and incipient nephropathy ACE inhibitors reduce urinary albumin excretion and slow the progression to overt nephropathy. |
| 15559 | 10353323 | To evaluate oxidative stress in type I diabetes mellitus, two antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD EC 1.15.1.1.) and seleno-dependent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px; EC 1.11.19), and two indexes of peroxidation in plasma, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and organic hydroperoxides (OHP), were measured in 118 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), classified in accordance with the presence or absence of vascular complications and the degree of metabolic control established by the HbA1c level. |
| 15560 | 10355156 | An otherwise healthy 35 year old male with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) presented himself three days after a single intranasal methamphetamine abusus. |
| 15561 | 10362661 | Whether young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have reduced arterial compliance before developing endothelial dysfunction or overt micro- and macrovascular disease is unclear. |
| 15562 | 10374307 | To understand latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus in adults (LADA), we compared the clinical characteristics, fasting plasma glucose and C-peptide level, genetic frequency of HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 chain in 25 patients with LADA, 57 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, 21 patients with children-onset IDDM, 36 patients with adult-onset IDDM with ketosis), 38 patients with NIDDM (mild and moderate 30 patients and severe 8) and 42 normal persons. |
| 15563 | 10376440 | We have studied T cell responses in type 1 diabetic patients and age and partly HLA matched controls to IA-2 peptides designed to bind HLA risk alleles of IDDM as DR*0401 and DQ*0302. |
| 15564 | 10377681 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not only a common metabolic disorder in industrialised countries, but its incidence is still increasing, especially in Scandinavia. |
| 15565 | 10377681 | The article consists in a review of evidence implicating nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15566 | 10377681 | Cytotoxic effects of IL-1 and NO, generated through autoimmune reactions associated with insulitis and impairing the function of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in IDDM, are discussed, as are possible pharmacological strategies for blocking this toxicity. |
| 15567 | 10377681 | Compounds capable of blocking IL-1 cell surface receptors and NO synthesis may prove beneficial in protecting beta-cells from autoimmune assault in IDDM. |
| 15568 | 10377681 | If IL-1 causes beta-cell dysfunction and destruction through NO synthesis in IDDM, several pathways in the IL-1-NO system are attractive potential targets for drugs protecting beta-cells against these effects, thus providing a means of intervening in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15569 | 10377681 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not only a common metabolic disorder in industrialised countries, but its incidence is still increasing, especially in Scandinavia. |
| 15570 | 10377681 | The article consists in a review of evidence implicating nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15571 | 10377681 | Cytotoxic effects of IL-1 and NO, generated through autoimmune reactions associated with insulitis and impairing the function of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in IDDM, are discussed, as are possible pharmacological strategies for blocking this toxicity. |
| 15572 | 10377681 | Compounds capable of blocking IL-1 cell surface receptors and NO synthesis may prove beneficial in protecting beta-cells from autoimmune assault in IDDM. |
| 15573 | 10377681 | If IL-1 causes beta-cell dysfunction and destruction through NO synthesis in IDDM, several pathways in the IL-1-NO system are attractive potential targets for drugs protecting beta-cells against these effects, thus providing a means of intervening in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15574 | 10377681 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not only a common metabolic disorder in industrialised countries, but its incidence is still increasing, especially in Scandinavia. |
| 15575 | 10377681 | The article consists in a review of evidence implicating nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15576 | 10377681 | Cytotoxic effects of IL-1 and NO, generated through autoimmune reactions associated with insulitis and impairing the function of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in IDDM, are discussed, as are possible pharmacological strategies for blocking this toxicity. |
| 15577 | 10377681 | Compounds capable of blocking IL-1 cell surface receptors and NO synthesis may prove beneficial in protecting beta-cells from autoimmune assault in IDDM. |
| 15578 | 10377681 | If IL-1 causes beta-cell dysfunction and destruction through NO synthesis in IDDM, several pathways in the IL-1-NO system are attractive potential targets for drugs protecting beta-cells against these effects, thus providing a means of intervening in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15579 | 10377681 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not only a common metabolic disorder in industrialised countries, but its incidence is still increasing, especially in Scandinavia. |
| 15580 | 10377681 | The article consists in a review of evidence implicating nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15581 | 10377681 | Cytotoxic effects of IL-1 and NO, generated through autoimmune reactions associated with insulitis and impairing the function of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in IDDM, are discussed, as are possible pharmacological strategies for blocking this toxicity. |
| 15582 | 10377681 | Compounds capable of blocking IL-1 cell surface receptors and NO synthesis may prove beneficial in protecting beta-cells from autoimmune assault in IDDM. |
| 15583 | 10377681 | If IL-1 causes beta-cell dysfunction and destruction through NO synthesis in IDDM, several pathways in the IL-1-NO system are attractive potential targets for drugs protecting beta-cells against these effects, thus providing a means of intervening in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15584 | 10377681 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is not only a common metabolic disorder in industrialised countries, but its incidence is still increasing, especially in Scandinavia. |
| 15585 | 10377681 | The article consists in a review of evidence implicating nitric oxide (NO) and the cytokine, interleukin-1 (IL-1), in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15586 | 10377681 | Cytotoxic effects of IL-1 and NO, generated through autoimmune reactions associated with insulitis and impairing the function of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells in IDDM, are discussed, as are possible pharmacological strategies for blocking this toxicity. |
| 15587 | 10377681 | Compounds capable of blocking IL-1 cell surface receptors and NO synthesis may prove beneficial in protecting beta-cells from autoimmune assault in IDDM. |
| 15588 | 10377681 | If IL-1 causes beta-cell dysfunction and destruction through NO synthesis in IDDM, several pathways in the IL-1-NO system are attractive potential targets for drugs protecting beta-cells against these effects, thus providing a means of intervening in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 15589 | 10377954 | We propose that the increase in lymphocyte suppressive activity caused by cerebrocrast administration may prevent the development of IDDM and NIDDM in patients with pre-diabetes, but in patients with early and overt diabetes mellitus the drug administration may prevent the overexpression of insulin antibodies and other antibodies. |
| 15590 | 10377954 | The effect of cerebrocrast on the de novo production of insulin and IL-2 receptors may be beneficial for IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 15591 | 10377954 | We propose that the increase in lymphocyte suppressive activity caused by cerebrocrast administration may prevent the development of IDDM and NIDDM in patients with pre-diabetes, but in patients with early and overt diabetes mellitus the drug administration may prevent the overexpression of insulin antibodies and other antibodies. |
| 15592 | 10377954 | The effect of cerebrocrast on the de novo production of insulin and IL-2 receptors may be beneficial for IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 15593 | 10381252 | However, in doses ranging from 0.083 mmol/d to 0.42 mmol/d, vanadium has shown therapeutic potential in clinical studies with patients of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) type. |
| 15594 | 10382034 | The use of the probiotic Acylact in combination with Viferone containing human recombinant interferon-alpha 2 in the treatment of intestinal dysbacteriosis in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was shown to be highly efficient. |
| 15595 | 10392345 | To investigate the prevalence of mitochondrial DNA mutations among Japanese children with IDDM as well as in those with NIDDM, a total of 155 patients with IDDM and 30 patients with NIDDM who were younger than 15 years of age at onset were studied for the following mtDNA mutations: 1) the A-->G mutation at position 3243 of mitochondrial leucine transfer RNA (3243 mutation); 2) the G-->A mutation at position 3316 of mitochondrial leucine transfer RNA (3316 mutation), and 3) The T-->C mutation at position 3394 of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit (3394 mutation). |
| 15596 | 10393372 | A 61-year-old woman with a 2-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) developed nephrotic syndrome. |
| 15597 | 10395242 | Twenty-year-old twin sons had been treated with insulin since the age of 7, when both were diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15598 | 10396031 | In this paper we report the concentration of terminal complement complexes (TCCs, SC5b-9, an index of complement activation) in newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patient serum and normal human serum. |
| 15599 | 10400135 | Children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) suffer from a chronic autoimmune beta cell destruction of unknown origin, maybe due to superantigens or retroviral endogenous genes. |
| 15600 | 10400139 | Chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15601 | 10400139 | Studies have shown the important roles of several regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15602 | 10400139 | CC-chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 bind chemokines that are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes in both basal and inflammatory states. |
| 15603 | 10400139 | A common 32-bp deletion mutation in the CCR5 gene (CCR5delta32) and a G-to-A nucleotide substitution in the CCR2 at position 190 (CCR2-64I) have recently been described. |
| 15604 | 10400139 | The role of this mutation in IDDM cannot be explained yet, but, because CCR2 mediates the chemotaxis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to areas of inflammation and because these cells play important roles in insulitis, a mutation in the CCR2 gene may contribute to the susceptibility to the disease. |
| 15605 | 10400139 | According to these results, the CCR2 gene may be a new candidate for the susceptibility locus of IDDM. |
| 15606 | 10400139 | Chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15607 | 10400139 | Studies have shown the important roles of several regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15608 | 10400139 | CC-chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 bind chemokines that are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes in both basal and inflammatory states. |
| 15609 | 10400139 | A common 32-bp deletion mutation in the CCR5 gene (CCR5delta32) and a G-to-A nucleotide substitution in the CCR2 at position 190 (CCR2-64I) have recently been described. |
| 15610 | 10400139 | The role of this mutation in IDDM cannot be explained yet, but, because CCR2 mediates the chemotaxis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to areas of inflammation and because these cells play important roles in insulitis, a mutation in the CCR2 gene may contribute to the susceptibility to the disease. |
| 15611 | 10400139 | According to these results, the CCR2 gene may be a new candidate for the susceptibility locus of IDDM. |
| 15612 | 10400139 | Chemokine receptor CCR2 and CCR5 polymorphisms in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15613 | 10400139 | Studies have shown the important roles of several regulatory and proinflammatory cytokines in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15614 | 10400139 | CC-chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5 bind chemokines that are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes in both basal and inflammatory states. |
| 15615 | 10400139 | A common 32-bp deletion mutation in the CCR5 gene (CCR5delta32) and a G-to-A nucleotide substitution in the CCR2 at position 190 (CCR2-64I) have recently been described. |
| 15616 | 10400139 | The role of this mutation in IDDM cannot be explained yet, but, because CCR2 mediates the chemotaxis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to areas of inflammation and because these cells play important roles in insulitis, a mutation in the CCR2 gene may contribute to the susceptibility to the disease. |
| 15617 | 10400139 | According to these results, the CCR2 gene may be a new candidate for the susceptibility locus of IDDM. |
| 15618 | 10403913 | The NOD mouse has been used to explore the many features of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is caused by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 15619 | 10403913 | The present study shows that transfer of IFN-gamma-stimulated DC of the NOD or ICR mouse into the NOD mouse did not accelerate IDDM onset but afforded long-lasting protection against clinical and histological signs of IDDM in the recipient mice. |
| 15620 | 10403913 | The NOD mouse has been used to explore the many features of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) that is caused by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. |
| 15621 | 10403913 | The present study shows that transfer of IFN-gamma-stimulated DC of the NOD or ICR mouse into the NOD mouse did not accelerate IDDM onset but afforded long-lasting protection against clinical and histological signs of IDDM in the recipient mice. |
| 15622 | 10403922 | The aim was to evaluate the level of responsiveness in two neighbouring countries with different poliovirus immunization practices and striking differences in the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a disease in which early enterovirus infections are an aetiological risk factor. |
| 15623 | 10404800 | Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. |
| 15624 | 10404800 | Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus postpartum. |
| 15625 | 10404800 | To evaluate whether there is any association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles (DR and DQ) with GDM and the postpartum development of IDDM, we analyzed 184 women with GDM from Germany for HLA class II alleles, islet autoantibodies [islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), and the postpartum development of diabetes. |
| 15626 | 10404800 | Twenty-five (59.5%) islet antibody-positive women and 17 (74%) women who developed IDDM postpartum had a DR3- or DR4-containing genotype. |
| 15627 | 10404800 | The cumulative risk to develop IDDM within 2 yr postpartum in GDM women with either DR3 or DR4 was 22% compared to 7% in women without those alleles (P = 0.02) and rose to 50% in the DR3- or DR4-positive women who had required insulin during pregnancy (P = 0.006). |
| 15628 | 10404800 | Combining the determination of susceptible HLA alleles (DR3, DR4) with islet autoantibody measurement increased the sensitivity of identifying GDM women developing postpartum IDDM to 92%, but did not improve risk assessment above that achieved using GADA measurement alone, which was the strongest predictor of IDDM. |
| 15629 | 10404800 | Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. |
| 15630 | 10404800 | Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus postpartum. |
| 15631 | 10404800 | To evaluate whether there is any association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles (DR and DQ) with GDM and the postpartum development of IDDM, we analyzed 184 women with GDM from Germany for HLA class II alleles, islet autoantibodies [islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), and the postpartum development of diabetes. |
| 15632 | 10404800 | Twenty-five (59.5%) islet antibody-positive women and 17 (74%) women who developed IDDM postpartum had a DR3- or DR4-containing genotype. |
| 15633 | 10404800 | The cumulative risk to develop IDDM within 2 yr postpartum in GDM women with either DR3 or DR4 was 22% compared to 7% in women without those alleles (P = 0.02) and rose to 50% in the DR3- or DR4-positive women who had required insulin during pregnancy (P = 0.006). |
| 15634 | 10404800 | Combining the determination of susceptible HLA alleles (DR3, DR4) with islet autoantibody measurement increased the sensitivity of identifying GDM women developing postpartum IDDM to 92%, but did not improve risk assessment above that achieved using GADA measurement alone, which was the strongest predictor of IDDM. |
| 15635 | 10404800 | Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. |
| 15636 | 10404800 | Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus postpartum. |
| 15637 | 10404800 | To evaluate whether there is any association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles (DR and DQ) with GDM and the postpartum development of IDDM, we analyzed 184 women with GDM from Germany for HLA class II alleles, islet autoantibodies [islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), and the postpartum development of diabetes. |
| 15638 | 10404800 | Twenty-five (59.5%) islet antibody-positive women and 17 (74%) women who developed IDDM postpartum had a DR3- or DR4-containing genotype. |
| 15639 | 10404800 | The cumulative risk to develop IDDM within 2 yr postpartum in GDM women with either DR3 or DR4 was 22% compared to 7% in women without those alleles (P = 0.02) and rose to 50% in the DR3- or DR4-positive women who had required insulin during pregnancy (P = 0.006). |
| 15640 | 10404800 | Combining the determination of susceptible HLA alleles (DR3, DR4) with islet autoantibody measurement increased the sensitivity of identifying GDM women developing postpartum IDDM to 92%, but did not improve risk assessment above that achieved using GADA measurement alone, which was the strongest predictor of IDDM. |
| 15641 | 10404800 | Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. |
| 15642 | 10404800 | Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus postpartum. |
| 15643 | 10404800 | To evaluate whether there is any association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles (DR and DQ) with GDM and the postpartum development of IDDM, we analyzed 184 women with GDM from Germany for HLA class II alleles, islet autoantibodies [islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), and the postpartum development of diabetes. |
| 15644 | 10404800 | Twenty-five (59.5%) islet antibody-positive women and 17 (74%) women who developed IDDM postpartum had a DR3- or DR4-containing genotype. |
| 15645 | 10404800 | The cumulative risk to develop IDDM within 2 yr postpartum in GDM women with either DR3 or DR4 was 22% compared to 7% in women without those alleles (P = 0.02) and rose to 50% in the DR3- or DR4-positive women who had required insulin during pregnancy (P = 0.006). |
| 15646 | 10404800 | Combining the determination of susceptible HLA alleles (DR3, DR4) with islet autoantibody measurement increased the sensitivity of identifying GDM women developing postpartum IDDM to 92%, but did not improve risk assessment above that achieved using GADA measurement alone, which was the strongest predictor of IDDM. |
| 15647 | 10404800 | Predictive value of human leukocyte antigen class II typing for the development of islet autoantibodies and insulin-dependent diabetes postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. |
| 15648 | 10404800 | Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a risk factor for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus postpartum. |
| 15649 | 10404800 | To evaluate whether there is any association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles (DR and DQ) with GDM and the postpartum development of IDDM, we analyzed 184 women with GDM from Germany for HLA class II alleles, islet autoantibodies [islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), and protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 autoantibodies (IA-2A), and the postpartum development of diabetes. |
| 15650 | 10404800 | Twenty-five (59.5%) islet antibody-positive women and 17 (74%) women who developed IDDM postpartum had a DR3- or DR4-containing genotype. |
| 15651 | 10404800 | The cumulative risk to develop IDDM within 2 yr postpartum in GDM women with either DR3 or DR4 was 22% compared to 7% in women without those alleles (P = 0.02) and rose to 50% in the DR3- or DR4-positive women who had required insulin during pregnancy (P = 0.006). |
| 15652 | 10404800 | Combining the determination of susceptible HLA alleles (DR3, DR4) with islet autoantibody measurement increased the sensitivity of identifying GDM women developing postpartum IDDM to 92%, but did not improve risk assessment above that achieved using GADA measurement alone, which was the strongest predictor of IDDM. |
| 15653 | 10405307 | The pancreatic islets were studied in seven cattle with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with persistent bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection. |
| 15654 | 10406085 | The effect of Zn(+)+ on plasma glucose, C-peptide, glucagon, and cortisol was investigated in healthy and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 15655 | 10408802 | Associations of MHC class II alleles with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in patients from North India. |
| 15656 | 10408802 | Thirty-four insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients from North India were studied with respect to their HLA class II alleles including those of the DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 and DPB1 loci, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP). |
| 15657 | 10408802 | Associations of MHC class II alleles with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in patients from North India. |
| 15658 | 10408802 | Thirty-four insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients from North India were studied with respect to their HLA class II alleles including those of the DRB1, DQA1, DQB1 and DPB1 loci, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (SSOP). |
| 15659 | 10410843 | Individuals with type 1 (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM]) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [NIDDM]) diabetes should be encouraged to exercise. |
| 15660 | 10411548 | Mice expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a transgene in their beta cells develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only after LCMV infection. |
| 15661 | 10411548 | Inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding the insulin B chain reduced the incidence of IDDM by 50% in this model. |
| 15662 | 10411548 | The insulin B-chain DNA vaccination was effective through induction of regulatory CD4 lymphocytes that react with the insulin B chain, secrete IL-4, and locally reduce activity of LCMV-NP-autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pancreatic draining lymph node. |
| 15663 | 10411548 | Mice expressing lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein (LCMV-NP) as a transgene in their beta cells develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) only after LCMV infection. |
| 15664 | 10411548 | Inoculation of plasmid DNA encoding the insulin B chain reduced the incidence of IDDM by 50% in this model. |
| 15665 | 10411548 | The insulin B-chain DNA vaccination was effective through induction of regulatory CD4 lymphocytes that react with the insulin B chain, secrete IL-4, and locally reduce activity of LCMV-NP-autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the pancreatic draining lymph node. |
| 15666 | 10414930 | In the present trial (JEVIN), 90% of all insulin-treated diabetic patients (IDDM/NIDDM, n = 127/117) aged 16-60 years and living in the city of Jena (100247 inhabitants) were studied. |
| 15667 | 10415012 | Peptide-based immunotherapy is one strategy by which to selectively suppress the T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells and treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15668 | 10415012 | Here, we investigated whether a panel of T cell epitopes derived from the beta cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) differ in their capacity to induce Th2 cell function in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and in turn prevent overt IDDM at different preclinical stages of disease development. |
| 15669 | 10415012 | Immunization with the GAD65-specific peptides did not block IDDM development in NOD mice deficient in IL-4 expression. |
| 15670 | 10415012 | These findings demonstrate that GAD65-specific peptide immunotherapy effectively suppresses progression to overt IDDM, requires the production of IL-4, and is dependent on the epitope targeted and the extent of preexisting beta cell autoimmunity in the recipient. |
| 15671 | 10415012 | Peptide-based immunotherapy is one strategy by which to selectively suppress the T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells and treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15672 | 10415012 | Here, we investigated whether a panel of T cell epitopes derived from the beta cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) differ in their capacity to induce Th2 cell function in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and in turn prevent overt IDDM at different preclinical stages of disease development. |
| 15673 | 10415012 | Immunization with the GAD65-specific peptides did not block IDDM development in NOD mice deficient in IL-4 expression. |
| 15674 | 10415012 | These findings demonstrate that GAD65-specific peptide immunotherapy effectively suppresses progression to overt IDDM, requires the production of IL-4, and is dependent on the epitope targeted and the extent of preexisting beta cell autoimmunity in the recipient. |
| 15675 | 10415012 | Peptide-based immunotherapy is one strategy by which to selectively suppress the T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells and treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15676 | 10415012 | Here, we investigated whether a panel of T cell epitopes derived from the beta cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) differ in their capacity to induce Th2 cell function in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and in turn prevent overt IDDM at different preclinical stages of disease development. |
| 15677 | 10415012 | Immunization with the GAD65-specific peptides did not block IDDM development in NOD mice deficient in IL-4 expression. |
| 15678 | 10415012 | These findings demonstrate that GAD65-specific peptide immunotherapy effectively suppresses progression to overt IDDM, requires the production of IL-4, and is dependent on the epitope targeted and the extent of preexisting beta cell autoimmunity in the recipient. |
| 15679 | 10415012 | Peptide-based immunotherapy is one strategy by which to selectively suppress the T cell-mediated destruction of beta cells and treat insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15680 | 10415012 | Here, we investigated whether a panel of T cell epitopes derived from the beta cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) differ in their capacity to induce Th2 cell function in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and in turn prevent overt IDDM at different preclinical stages of disease development. |
| 15681 | 10415012 | Immunization with the GAD65-specific peptides did not block IDDM development in NOD mice deficient in IL-4 expression. |
| 15682 | 10415012 | These findings demonstrate that GAD65-specific peptide immunotherapy effectively suppresses progression to overt IDDM, requires the production of IL-4, and is dependent on the epitope targeted and the extent of preexisting beta cell autoimmunity in the recipient. |
| 15683 | 10415575 | The optimal treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells, would require the regulated delivery of insulin by transplantation of functional beta cells. beta-cell transplantation has so far been restricted by the scarcity of human islet donors. |
| 15684 | 10416950 | The incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), a chronic disease with a well-known genetic basis, is highest in Scandinavian and Sardinian populations. |
| 15685 | 10420493 | Since the detection of insulin in 1922 by Banting and Best, subcutaneous insulin replacement has remained the sole treatment modality for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15686 | 10421991 | Both types are present in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), whereas only qualitative abnormalities are observed in well- and moderately well-controlled IDDM. |
| 15687 | 10424434 | A decrease was observed in the absolute numbers and percentages of gammadelta+ /CD8+ and gammadelta+ /CD8- T-cell subpopulations in peripheral blood in the prediabetics with the impaired first phase of insulin secretion in comparison to relatives with autoantibodies but still with normal B-cells function, patients with clinical diabetes and healthy controls. |
| 15688 | 10424434 | In conclusion, the study suggests that the gammadelta T-cells play an important role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15689 | 10427471 | Implication of HLA-DMA alleles in corsican IDDM. |
| 15690 | 10427471 | The study of the DMA gene could therefore be an additional tool for early IDDM diagnosis in the Corsican population. |
| 15691 | 10427471 | Implication of HLA-DMA alleles in corsican IDDM. |
| 15692 | 10427471 | The study of the DMA gene could therefore be an additional tool for early IDDM diagnosis in the Corsican population. |
| 15693 | 10432173 | Acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate differentially regulate endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells. |
| 15694 | 10432173 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is characterized by a lack of insulin production from beta cells in the pancreas. |
| 15695 | 10432173 | The changes in intracellular calcium concentration, and the production of two vasoactive peptides, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vascular permeability factor (VPF/VEGF) in mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (MBMEC). |
| 15696 | 10432171 | The main aim was to evaluate the relative importance of sensory interactions for postural stability in 45 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with and without peripheral neuropathy. |
| 15697 | 10432437 | In this study, we compared insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) from a strictly immunologic perspective. |
| 15698 | 10432437 | On the basis of the compounded results we obtained, it is possible to propose that the same HLA-DQ molecules which are able to protect the individuals from IDDM (e.g., HLA-DQA1*0102, DQB1*0602) seem to favour the enteroviral attack to the myocardium, while alleles which confer the strongest susceptibility to IDDM (e.g., DQA1*0301, DQB1*0302), seem unable to sustain the immune attack against the heart. |
| 15699 | 10432437 | In this study, we compared insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) from a strictly immunologic perspective. |
| 15700 | 10432437 | On the basis of the compounded results we obtained, it is possible to propose that the same HLA-DQ molecules which are able to protect the individuals from IDDM (e.g., HLA-DQA1*0102, DQB1*0602) seem to favour the enteroviral attack to the myocardium, while alleles which confer the strongest susceptibility to IDDM (e.g., DQA1*0301, DQB1*0302), seem unable to sustain the immune attack against the heart. |
| 15701 | 10433070 | Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been implicated to play an important role in the autoimmune beta cell lesion of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) because of its inhibition of insulin secretion, direct islet cytotoxicity and alteration of islet cell antigen expression. |
| 15702 | 10433070 | We have previously demonstrated that IL-1beta inhibits glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) and increases heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) expression in islet cells. |
| 15703 | 10433070 | In this study we investigated the role of the NO pathway in mediating the effects of IL-1beta on GAD-65 and HSP-70 expression and on insulin secretion. |
| 15704 | 10433070 | Accumulated nitrite production, insulin release and islet expression of GAD-65 and HSP-70 were measured. |
| 15705 | 10433070 | We found that (1) IL-1beta at 10 U/ml increased nitrite production, inhibited insulin release, increased HSP-70 expression and decreased GAD-65 expression. (2) AG alone at 1 mM/ml had no effect on nitrite production, insulin release, GAD-65 and HSP-70 expression. (3) In combination, AG completely blocked IL-1beta increased nitrite production, reversed IL-1beta inhibited insulin release by approximately 50%, completely reversed IL-1beta increased HSP-70 expression, but did not reverse IL-1beta inhibited GAD-65 expression. |
| 15706 | 10433070 | Our findings indicate that the effect of IL-1beta on HSP-70 expression is mediated by NO production, whereas a NO-independent pathway is involved in the effect of IL-1beta on GAD-65 expression and insulin secretion. |
| 15707 | 10433084 | Production of the islet cell antigen ICA69 (p69) with baculovirus expression system: analysis with a solid-phase time-resolved fluorescence method of sera from patients with IDDM and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 15708 | 10433084 | Islet cell antigen 69 (ICA69), previously implicated as an autoantigen in autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), was produced using baculovirus-mediated expression in Spodopterafrugiperda (Sf9) insect cells. |
| 15709 | 10433084 | Screening of patient and control sera using this protein as an antigen in time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) identified 4/50 of patients with IDDM and 6/73 of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to be positive for ICA69 antibodies. |
| 15710 | 10433084 | Production of the islet cell antigen ICA69 (p69) with baculovirus expression system: analysis with a solid-phase time-resolved fluorescence method of sera from patients with IDDM and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 15711 | 10433084 | Islet cell antigen 69 (ICA69), previously implicated as an autoantigen in autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), was produced using baculovirus-mediated expression in Spodopterafrugiperda (Sf9) insect cells. |
| 15712 | 10433084 | Screening of patient and control sera using this protein as an antigen in time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) identified 4/50 of patients with IDDM and 6/73 of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to be positive for ICA69 antibodies. |
| 15713 | 10433084 | Production of the islet cell antigen ICA69 (p69) with baculovirus expression system: analysis with a solid-phase time-resolved fluorescence method of sera from patients with IDDM and rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 15714 | 10433084 | Islet cell antigen 69 (ICA69), previously implicated as an autoantigen in autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), was produced using baculovirus-mediated expression in Spodopterafrugiperda (Sf9) insect cells. |
| 15715 | 10433084 | Screening of patient and control sera using this protein as an antigen in time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) identified 4/50 of patients with IDDM and 6/73 of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to be positive for ICA69 antibodies. |
| 15716 | 10433094 | It has been hypothesised that mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic beta cells could produce hyper-expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (Degli Esposti, M. and Mackay, I.R. |
| 15717 | 10433094 | These results represent the first evidence that GAD expression is enhanced under conditions that are toxic to pancreatic beta cells, and establish a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and expression of IDDM autoantigens. |
| 15718 | 10433094 | It has been hypothesised that mitochondrial dysfunction in pancreatic beta cells could produce hyper-expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (Degli Esposti, M. and Mackay, I.R. |
| 15719 | 10433094 | These results represent the first evidence that GAD expression is enhanced under conditions that are toxic to pancreatic beta cells, and establish a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and expression of IDDM autoantigens. |
| 15720 | 10435719 | Failure of exogenously administered interferon-gamma or blockage of endogenous interleukin-4 with specific inhibitors to augment the incidence of autoimmune diabetes in male NOD mice. |
| 15721 | 10435719 | Interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4 are prototypic type 1 and type 2 cytokines which are known to play pathogenetic and protective roles, respectively, in NOD mouse IDDM. |
| 15722 | 10435719 | The capacity of male NOD mice to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-gamma within the insulitic lesions than females has been suggested to contribute to their lower incidence of diabetes. |
| 15723 | 10435719 | In this study we have tested the effects of prolonged prophylactic treatment of male NOD mice with rat IFN-gamma, mouse IFN-gamma, anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant murine soluble IL-4 receptor (smIL-4R) on the diabetogenic events leading to insulitis and diabetes. |
| 15724 | 10435719 | Control mice exhibited comparable histological signs of insulitis and incidence of diabetes to those treated with either mouse/rat IFN-gamma or specific IL-4 inhibitors. |
| 15725 | 10435719 | These findings indicate that the autoimmune diathesis of male NOD mice towards IDDM cannot be augmented by manipulation of endogenous IFN-gamma or IL-4. |
| 15726 | 10435719 | Failure of exogenously administered interferon-gamma or blockage of endogenous interleukin-4 with specific inhibitors to augment the incidence of autoimmune diabetes in male NOD mice. |
| 15727 | 10435719 | Interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4 are prototypic type 1 and type 2 cytokines which are known to play pathogenetic and protective roles, respectively, in NOD mouse IDDM. |
| 15728 | 10435719 | The capacity of male NOD mice to produce more IL-4 and less IFN-gamma within the insulitic lesions than females has been suggested to contribute to their lower incidence of diabetes. |
| 15729 | 10435719 | In this study we have tested the effects of prolonged prophylactic treatment of male NOD mice with rat IFN-gamma, mouse IFN-gamma, anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant murine soluble IL-4 receptor (smIL-4R) on the diabetogenic events leading to insulitis and diabetes. |
| 15730 | 10435719 | Control mice exhibited comparable histological signs of insulitis and incidence of diabetes to those treated with either mouse/rat IFN-gamma or specific IL-4 inhibitors. |
| 15731 | 10435719 | These findings indicate that the autoimmune diathesis of male NOD mice towards IDDM cannot be augmented by manipulation of endogenous IFN-gamma or IL-4. |
| 15732 | 10436381 | At the insulin gene (IDDM2), evidence for excess sharing of alleles transmitted from mothers was detected, which is consistent with transmission disequilibrium results published elsewhere. |
| 15733 | 10436381 | We also identified additional loci that demonstrate allele sharing predominantly from one parent: IDDM8 shows a paternal origin effect, IDDM10 shows a maternal effect, and a locus on chromosome 16q demonstrates a paternal effect. |
| 15734 | 10439311 | CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones from congenital rubella syndrome patients with IDDM recognize overlapping GAD65 protein epitopes. |
| 15735 | 10439311 | To fully characterize human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 protein T-cell epitopes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), CTL clones specific to GAD65 protein antigens were isolated from two congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)-associated IDDM patients. |
| 15736 | 10439311 | Overlapping nonamer T-cell epitopes recognized by both CD4+ or CD8+ CTL clones within peptides GAD65(252-266) and GAD65(274-286) were identified as sequences bounded by GAD65(255-266) with 6/9 overlapping residues, and GAD65(276-285) with 8/9 overlapping residues, respectively, using two panels of overlapping peptide analogs in cytotoxicity assays. |
| 15737 | 10439311 | The antigenic GAD65 peptides elicited cytotoxic responses of peptide-specific CD4+ T-cell clones in the context of HLA DRB1*0404. |
| 15738 | 10439311 | The CD8+ T-cell clone specific to GAD65(255-263) was found to be restricted by HLA A3 and A11. |
| 15739 | 10439311 | Similarly, the CD8+ T-cell clone specific to GAD65(277-285) killed peptide-sensitized target cells expressing HLA B35 and B15. |
| 15740 | 10439311 | CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell clones from congenital rubella syndrome patients with IDDM recognize overlapping GAD65 protein epitopes. |
| 15741 | 10439311 | To fully characterize human glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 protein T-cell epitopes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), CTL clones specific to GAD65 protein antigens were isolated from two congenital rubella syndrome (CRS)-associated IDDM patients. |
| 15742 | 10439311 | Overlapping nonamer T-cell epitopes recognized by both CD4+ or CD8+ CTL clones within peptides GAD65(252-266) and GAD65(274-286) were identified as sequences bounded by GAD65(255-266) with 6/9 overlapping residues, and GAD65(276-285) with 8/9 overlapping residues, respectively, using two panels of overlapping peptide analogs in cytotoxicity assays. |
| 15743 | 10439311 | The antigenic GAD65 peptides elicited cytotoxic responses of peptide-specific CD4+ T-cell clones in the context of HLA DRB1*0404. |
| 15744 | 10439311 | The CD8+ T-cell clone specific to GAD65(255-263) was found to be restricted by HLA A3 and A11. |
| 15745 | 10439311 | Similarly, the CD8+ T-cell clone specific to GAD65(277-285) killed peptide-sensitized target cells expressing HLA B35 and B15. |
| 15746 | 10441167 | The present study was undertaken to investigate whether active induction of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice could affect their development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15747 | 10441652 | We measured the circulating levels of carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in the third trimester of pregnancy in samples obtained from 19 pregnant women with type I diabetes and 19 pregnant controls, to monitor the rate of bone formation and degradation, respectively. |
| 15748 | 10441652 | The circulating levels of PICP were significantly higher in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes than in controls with uncomplicated pregnancy (median IDDM 147 microgram/liter, control 115 microgram/liter, P = 0.0014), but there was no significant difference in the circulating levels of ICTP between the two groups (median IDDM 4.6 microgram/liter, control 4.6 microgram/liter, P = 0.907). |
| 15749 | 10446915 | Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results in the loss of endogenous insulin secretion, which is incompletely replaced by exogenous insulin administration. |
| 15750 | 10446915 | These results support the possibility of developing insulin production machinery in human non-beta cells for gene therapy of IDDM. |
| 15751 | 10446915 | Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells in type I, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results in the loss of endogenous insulin secretion, which is incompletely replaced by exogenous insulin administration. |
| 15752 | 10446915 | These results support the possibility of developing insulin production machinery in human non-beta cells for gene therapy of IDDM. |
| 15753 | 10449443 | In this report, we demonstrate aberrant constitutive expression of the normally inducible cyclooxygenase PG synthase 2 (PGS(2)/ COX-2) in nonactivated monocytes of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and those with islet autoantibodies at increased risk of developing this disease. |
| 15754 | 10449443 | Constitutive PGS(2) appears to characterize a high risk for diabetes as it correlates with and predicts a low first-phase insulin response in autoantibody-positive subjects. |
| 15755 | 10449443 | Abnormal PGS(2) expression in at-risk subjects affected immune response in vitro, as the presence of a specific PGS(2) inhibitor, NS398, significantly increased IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25) expression on phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T cells. |
| 15756 | 10449443 | The effect of PGS(2) on CD25 expression was most profound in subjects expressing both DR04 and DQbeta0302 high-risk alleles, suggesting that this cyclooxygenase interacts with diabetes-associated MHC class II antigens to limit T-cell activation. |
| 15757 | 10449443 | These results indicate that constitutive PGS(2) expression in monocytes defines an antigen-presenting cell defect affecting immune response, and that this expression is a novel cell-associated risk marker for IDDM. |
| 15758 | 10449443 | In this report, we demonstrate aberrant constitutive expression of the normally inducible cyclooxygenase PG synthase 2 (PGS(2)/ COX-2) in nonactivated monocytes of humans with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and those with islet autoantibodies at increased risk of developing this disease. |
| 15759 | 10449443 | Constitutive PGS(2) appears to characterize a high risk for diabetes as it correlates with and predicts a low first-phase insulin response in autoantibody-positive subjects. |
| 15760 | 10449443 | Abnormal PGS(2) expression in at-risk subjects affected immune response in vitro, as the presence of a specific PGS(2) inhibitor, NS398, significantly increased IL-2 receptor alpha-chain (CD25) expression on phytohemagglutinin-stimulated T cells. |
| 15761 | 10449443 | The effect of PGS(2) on CD25 expression was most profound in subjects expressing both DR04 and DQbeta0302 high-risk alleles, suggesting that this cyclooxygenase interacts with diabetes-associated MHC class II antigens to limit T-cell activation. |
| 15762 | 10449443 | These results indicate that constitutive PGS(2) expression in monocytes defines an antigen-presenting cell defect affecting immune response, and that this expression is a novel cell-associated risk marker for IDDM. |
| 15763 | 10450504 | In the past decade, a wealth of information has accumulated through studies in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice regarding the molecular and cellular events that participate in the progression to diabetes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15764 | 10450504 | Here we describe a new NOD model for analyzing the role of TNF-alpha in IDDM, TNF-alpha-NOD mice. |
| 15765 | 10450504 | Although adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that TNF-alpha can enhance presentation of islet antigen to both effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, further investigations in TNF-alpha-NOD mice deficient in either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells demonstrated that diabetes progression is dependent on CD8+ T cells, with CD4+ T cells playing a lesser role. |
| 15766 | 10450504 | The data accumulating from TNF-alpha-NOD mice, described in this review, indicates novel pathways by which inflammatory stimuli can precipitate autoimmunity, and suggests newer approaches in the design of therapeutic treatments that prevent beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 15767 | 10450504 | In the past decade, a wealth of information has accumulated through studies in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice regarding the molecular and cellular events that participate in the progression to diabetes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15768 | 10450504 | Here we describe a new NOD model for analyzing the role of TNF-alpha in IDDM, TNF-alpha-NOD mice. |
| 15769 | 10450504 | Although adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that TNF-alpha can enhance presentation of islet antigen to both effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, further investigations in TNF-alpha-NOD mice deficient in either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells demonstrated that diabetes progression is dependent on CD8+ T cells, with CD4+ T cells playing a lesser role. |
| 15770 | 10450504 | The data accumulating from TNF-alpha-NOD mice, described in this review, indicates novel pathways by which inflammatory stimuli can precipitate autoimmunity, and suggests newer approaches in the design of therapeutic treatments that prevent beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 15771 | 10450504 | In the past decade, a wealth of information has accumulated through studies in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice regarding the molecular and cellular events that participate in the progression to diabetes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15772 | 10450504 | Here we describe a new NOD model for analyzing the role of TNF-alpha in IDDM, TNF-alpha-NOD mice. |
| 15773 | 10450504 | Although adoptive transfer studies demonstrated that TNF-alpha can enhance presentation of islet antigen to both effector CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, further investigations in TNF-alpha-NOD mice deficient in either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells demonstrated that diabetes progression is dependent on CD8+ T cells, with CD4+ T cells playing a lesser role. |
| 15774 | 10450504 | The data accumulating from TNF-alpha-NOD mice, described in this review, indicates novel pathways by which inflammatory stimuli can precipitate autoimmunity, and suggests newer approaches in the design of therapeutic treatments that prevent beta-cell destruction in IDDM. |
| 15775 | 10450508 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an immunological disorder wherein autoimmune-mediated destruction of islet cells in the pancreas results in persistent hyperglycemia. |
| 15776 | 10453045 | IL-12 and IL-12 antagonist administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice accelerates and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively. |
| 15777 | 10453045 | Nevertheless, wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice developed similar insulitis and IDDM. |
| 15778 | 10453045 | Both in wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice, approximately 20% of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ T cells produced IFN-gamma, whereas very few produced IL-10 or IL-4, indicating that IDDM was associated with a type 1 T cell infiltrate in the target organ. |
| 15779 | 10453045 | IL-12 and IL-12 antagonist administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice accelerates and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively. |
| 15780 | 10453045 | Nevertheless, wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice developed similar insulitis and IDDM. |
| 15781 | 10453045 | Both in wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice, approximately 20% of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ T cells produced IFN-gamma, whereas very few produced IL-10 or IL-4, indicating that IDDM was associated with a type 1 T cell infiltrate in the target organ. |
| 15782 | 10453045 | IL-12 and IL-12 antagonist administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice accelerates and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively. |
| 15783 | 10453045 | Nevertheless, wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice developed similar insulitis and IDDM. |
| 15784 | 10453045 | Both in wild-type and IL-12-deficient NOD mice, approximately 20% of pancreas-infiltrating CD4+ T cells produced IFN-gamma, whereas very few produced IL-10 or IL-4, indicating that IDDM was associated with a type 1 T cell infiltrate in the target organ. |
| 15785 | 10457244 | This study assesses factors which correlate with the expected success of health regimen adherence in 146 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) subjects. |
| 15786 | 10458104 | Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas in twelve cattle with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15787 | 10458104 | Histological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out on the pancreas of twelve cattle of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15788 | 10458104 | Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the atrophied islet cells did not react to anti-insulin antibody, but occasionally reacted to anti-glucagon or somatostatin antibodies. |
| 15789 | 10458104 | Islet fibrosis was due to the proliferation of collagen fibers reactive to both anti-collagen type I and type III antibodies. |
| 15790 | 10458104 | Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas in twelve cattle with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15791 | 10458104 | Histological and immunohistochemical studies were carried out on the pancreas of twelve cattle of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15792 | 10458104 | Immunohistochemical examination revealed that the atrophied islet cells did not react to anti-insulin antibody, but occasionally reacted to anti-glucagon or somatostatin antibodies. |
| 15793 | 10458104 | Islet fibrosis was due to the proliferation of collagen fibers reactive to both anti-collagen type I and type III antibodies. |
| 15794 | 10458326 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM), which is subdivided into protein-deficient diabetes mellitus (PDDM) and fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), were studied and their associations with autoantibody markers. |
| 15795 | 10458326 | IDDM and PDDM were associated with DR3 and DQ2 but not DR4 and DQ8. |
| 15796 | 10458326 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus (MRDM), which is subdivided into protein-deficient diabetes mellitus (PDDM) and fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), were studied and their associations with autoantibody markers. |
| 15797 | 10458326 | IDDM and PDDM were associated with DR3 and DQ2 but not DR4 and DQ8. |
| 15798 | 10458327 | HLA-DRB1*0403 is associated with dominant protection against IDDM in the general Dutch population and subjects with high-risk DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 genotype. |
| 15799 | 10458327 | Insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetically controlled T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 15800 | 10458327 | We here report the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0403 in a large cohort (n=200) of Dutch patients with IDDM, their first-degree family members (n=370), and random controls (n=420) of the general population in The Netherlands. |
| 15801 | 10458327 | We found that HLA-DRB1*0403 is strongly associated with dominant protection against development of IDDM in unrelated subject, even in the context of the highest risk HLA-DQ phenotypes and HLA-DR4-DQB1*0302 (P < 0.0001). |
| 15802 | 10458327 | HLA-DRB1*0403 is associated with dominant protection against IDDM in the general Dutch population and subjects with high-risk DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 genotype. |
| 15803 | 10458327 | Insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetically controlled T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 15804 | 10458327 | We here report the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0403 in a large cohort (n=200) of Dutch patients with IDDM, their first-degree family members (n=370), and random controls (n=420) of the general population in The Netherlands. |
| 15805 | 10458327 | We found that HLA-DRB1*0403 is strongly associated with dominant protection against development of IDDM in unrelated subject, even in the context of the highest risk HLA-DQ phenotypes and HLA-DR4-DQB1*0302 (P < 0.0001). |
| 15806 | 10458327 | HLA-DRB1*0403 is associated with dominant protection against IDDM in the general Dutch population and subjects with high-risk DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 genotype. |
| 15807 | 10458327 | Insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetically controlled T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 15808 | 10458327 | We here report the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0403 in a large cohort (n=200) of Dutch patients with IDDM, their first-degree family members (n=370), and random controls (n=420) of the general population in The Netherlands. |
| 15809 | 10458327 | We found that HLA-DRB1*0403 is strongly associated with dominant protection against development of IDDM in unrelated subject, even in the context of the highest risk HLA-DQ phenotypes and HLA-DR4-DQB1*0302 (P < 0.0001). |
| 15810 | 10458327 | HLA-DRB1*0403 is associated with dominant protection against IDDM in the general Dutch population and subjects with high-risk DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302/DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 genotype. |
| 15811 | 10458327 | Insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a genetically controlled T-cell mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 15812 | 10458327 | We here report the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0403 in a large cohort (n=200) of Dutch patients with IDDM, their first-degree family members (n=370), and random controls (n=420) of the general population in The Netherlands. |
| 15813 | 10458327 | We found that HLA-DRB1*0403 is strongly associated with dominant protection against development of IDDM in unrelated subject, even in the context of the highest risk HLA-DQ phenotypes and HLA-DR4-DQB1*0302 (P < 0.0001). |
| 15814 | 10463626 | A hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp was used to achieve controlled euglycaemia (5.0 mmol/L) and hypoglycaemia (2.6 mmol/L) in 18 nondiabetic subjects and 30 people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15815 | 10474023 | Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism with lipid profiles in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 15816 | 10474023 | We attempted to clarify the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and the other predictive factors for macroangiopathy in children and adolescents with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15817 | 10476927 | Type I interferons (IFN-alpha/beta), products of the innate immune system, can modulate immune function whereas proinflammatory IFN-gamma (type II IFN), a product of the acquired immune system upregulates inflammation and enhances cell mediated immunity. |
| 15818 | 10476927 | We have proposed a unifying hypothesis of the origin of autoimmunity as a type I IFN immunodeficiency syndrome involving inadequate regulation of the acquired immune system product IFN-gamma by the IFN-alpha/beta innate immune system. |
| 15819 | 10476927 | In multiple sclerosis (MS) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at the target organ, and in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a regulator of other proinflammatory cytokines, IFN-gamma is the nexus of inflammation in autoimmunity. |
| 15820 | 10476927 | The administration of type I IFNs (IFN-alpha/beta) via the gut offers an exciting alternative to systemic application for overcoming the type I IFN immunodeficiency in autoimmunity. |
| 15821 | 10476932 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetes (NOD) mouse model is thought to be an autoimmune CD4 Th1-like cell-mediated disease. |
| 15822 | 10476932 | We tested the efficacy of oral use of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy on IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 15823 | 10476932 | Using urine and blood sugar levels as indicators of IDDM, oral administration of murine IFN-alpha (100 IU/body) to NOD mice significantly delayed the onset of symptomatic diabetes. |
| 15824 | 10476932 | However, oral use of IFN-alpha did not prevent diabetic NOD mice from losing weight once NOD mice were symptomatic, suggesting that orally administered IFN-alpha is a prophylactic rather than therapeutic approach to the management of IDDM. |
| 15825 | 10476932 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetes (NOD) mouse model is thought to be an autoimmune CD4 Th1-like cell-mediated disease. |
| 15826 | 10476932 | We tested the efficacy of oral use of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy on IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 15827 | 10476932 | Using urine and blood sugar levels as indicators of IDDM, oral administration of murine IFN-alpha (100 IU/body) to NOD mice significantly delayed the onset of symptomatic diabetes. |
| 15828 | 10476932 | However, oral use of IFN-alpha did not prevent diabetic NOD mice from losing weight once NOD mice were symptomatic, suggesting that orally administered IFN-alpha is a prophylactic rather than therapeutic approach to the management of IDDM. |
| 15829 | 10476932 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetes (NOD) mouse model is thought to be an autoimmune CD4 Th1-like cell-mediated disease. |
| 15830 | 10476932 | We tested the efficacy of oral use of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy on IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 15831 | 10476932 | Using urine and blood sugar levels as indicators of IDDM, oral administration of murine IFN-alpha (100 IU/body) to NOD mice significantly delayed the onset of symptomatic diabetes. |
| 15832 | 10476932 | However, oral use of IFN-alpha did not prevent diabetic NOD mice from losing weight once NOD mice were symptomatic, suggesting that orally administered IFN-alpha is a prophylactic rather than therapeutic approach to the management of IDDM. |
| 15833 | 10476932 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetes (NOD) mouse model is thought to be an autoimmune CD4 Th1-like cell-mediated disease. |
| 15834 | 10476932 | We tested the efficacy of oral use of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy on IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 15835 | 10476932 | Using urine and blood sugar levels as indicators of IDDM, oral administration of murine IFN-alpha (100 IU/body) to NOD mice significantly delayed the onset of symptomatic diabetes. |
| 15836 | 10476932 | However, oral use of IFN-alpha did not prevent diabetic NOD mice from losing weight once NOD mice were symptomatic, suggesting that orally administered IFN-alpha is a prophylactic rather than therapeutic approach to the management of IDDM. |
| 15837 | 10493003 | [Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)--an autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)]. |
| 15838 | 10494609 | The reported case describes the rare subsequent development of primary sclerosing cholangitis, ulcerative colitis and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a 22-year-old male patient. |
| 15839 | 10496080 | We intended to confirm genetically the involvement of the IDDMK1,2-22 gene in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15840 | 10496112 | The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a high carbohydrate diet on glycaemic control, resting muscle glycogen levels and exercise performance in athletes with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 15841 | 10496112 | An increased carbohydrate intake for three weeks, in IDDM athletes, is associated with a deterioration in glycaemic control, increased insulin requirements, decreased muscle glycogen and reduced exercise performance. |
| 15842 | 10496112 | The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a high carbohydrate diet on glycaemic control, resting muscle glycogen levels and exercise performance in athletes with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 15843 | 10496112 | An increased carbohydrate intake for three weeks, in IDDM athletes, is associated with a deterioration in glycaemic control, increased insulin requirements, decreased muscle glycogen and reduced exercise performance. |
| 15844 | 10502544 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells found in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 15845 | 10505100 | IFN gamma is a cytokine that plays an important role in many inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice and (in various strains) multiple low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (MDSD). |
| 15846 | 10506589 | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15847 | 10506589 | Thus, enhancement of pancreatic GSH, a known antioxidant and key regulator of NF-kappaB, should protect against IDDM. |
| 15848 | 10506589 | Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by NAC attenuated the severity of IDDM. |
| 15849 | 10506589 | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15850 | 10506589 | Thus, enhancement of pancreatic GSH, a known antioxidant and key regulator of NF-kappaB, should protect against IDDM. |
| 15851 | 10506589 | Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by NAC attenuated the severity of IDDM. |
| 15852 | 10506589 | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the destruction of pancreatic beta cells and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15853 | 10506589 | Thus, enhancement of pancreatic GSH, a known antioxidant and key regulator of NF-kappaB, should protect against IDDM. |
| 15854 | 10506589 | Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by NAC attenuated the severity of IDDM. |
| 15855 | 10507551 | In an attempt to know the role of nitric oxide in the disease of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM), the present study examined the change of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) both the activity and gene expression in cerebrocortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats). |
| 15856 | 10515125 | Since the NIT-1 cells are highly differentiated, and in many ways like beta cells, we consider our result to be of value for the understanding of beta-cell death during the development of insulin-dependent (Type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15857 | 10517302 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the archetypal example of a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterised by selective destruction of a single cell type: the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 15858 | 10517302 | The well-known association of IDDM with certain human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was a major step toward understanding the role of inheritance in IDDM. |
| 15859 | 10517302 | Type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the archetypal example of a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterised by selective destruction of a single cell type: the insulin-producing beta-cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. |
| 15860 | 10517302 | The well-known association of IDDM with certain human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) was a major step toward understanding the role of inheritance in IDDM. |
| 15861 | 10522814 | Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IDDM1 and IDDM12 in a german population. |
| 15862 | 10522814 | We analysed the transmission of HLA DQA1, DQB1, DRB1*04 alleles as well as an endogenous retroviral element (DQLTR3) in 130 families with a type 1 diabetic offspring in order to evaluate their role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 15863 | 10522814 | By transmission distortion test we confirm the linkage of HLA DQA1*0501 DQB1*0201 (DR3 DQ2) as well as DQA1*0301 DQB1*0302 (DR4 DQ8) with IDDM. |
| 15864 | 10522814 | Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IDDM1 and IDDM12 in a german population. |
| 15865 | 10522814 | We analysed the transmission of HLA DQA1, DQB1, DRB1*04 alleles as well as an endogenous retroviral element (DQLTR3) in 130 families with a type 1 diabetic offspring in order to evaluate their role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 15866 | 10522814 | By transmission distortion test we confirm the linkage of HLA DQA1*0501 DQB1*0201 (DR3 DQ2) as well as DQA1*0301 DQB1*0302 (DR4 DQ8) with IDDM. |
| 15867 | 10522814 | Genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes: clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IDDM1 and IDDM12 in a german population. |
| 15868 | 10522814 | We analysed the transmission of HLA DQA1, DQB1, DRB1*04 alleles as well as an endogenous retroviral element (DQLTR3) in 130 families with a type 1 diabetic offspring in order to evaluate their role in genetic susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 15869 | 10522814 | By transmission distortion test we confirm the linkage of HLA DQA1*0501 DQB1*0201 (DR3 DQ2) as well as DQA1*0301 DQB1*0302 (DR4 DQ8) with IDDM. |
| 15870 | 10523020 | The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction. |
| 15871 | 10523020 | In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed. |
| 15872 | 10523020 | All 14 patients without HLA-DQA1*0301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA1*0301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively). |
| 15873 | 10523020 | DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395). |
| 15874 | 10523020 | These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner. |
| 15875 | 10523020 | The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction. |
| 15876 | 10523020 | In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed. |
| 15877 | 10523020 | All 14 patients without HLA-DQA1*0301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA1*0301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively). |
| 15878 | 10523020 | DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395). |
| 15879 | 10523020 | These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner. |
| 15880 | 10523020 | The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction. |
| 15881 | 10523020 | In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed. |
| 15882 | 10523020 | All 14 patients without HLA-DQA1*0301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA1*0301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively). |
| 15883 | 10523020 | DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395). |
| 15884 | 10523020 | These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner. |
| 15885 | 10523020 | The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction. |
| 15886 | 10523020 | In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed. |
| 15887 | 10523020 | All 14 patients without HLA-DQA1*0301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA1*0301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively). |
| 15888 | 10523020 | DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395). |
| 15889 | 10523020 | These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner. |
| 15890 | 10523020 | The aim of this study is to identify insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)-susceptible HLA antigens in IDDM patients who do not have established risk allele, HLA-DQA1*0301, and analyze relationship of these HLA antigens and the degree of beta-cell destruction. |
| 15891 | 10523020 | In 139 Japanese IDDM patients and 158 normal controls, HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and -DQ antigens were typed. |
| 15892 | 10523020 | All 14 patients without HLA-DQA1*0301 had HLA-A24, whereas only 35 of 58 (60.3%) normal controls without HLA-DQA1*0301 and only 72 of 125 (57.6%) IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 had this antigen (Pc = 0.0256 and Pc = 0.0080, respectively). |
| 15893 | 10523020 | DeltaCPR in IDDM patients with both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 (0.097 +/- 0.163 nmol/L, mean +/- SD, n = 65) were lower than in IDDM patients with HLA-DQA1*0301 only (0.219 +/- 0.237 nmol/L, n = 45, P < 0.0001) and in IDDM patients with HLA-A24 only (0.187 +/- 0.198 nmol/L, n = 14, P = 0.0395). |
| 15894 | 10523020 | These results indicate that both HLA-DQA1*0301 and HLA-A24 contribute susceptibility to IDDM independently and accelerate beta-cell destruction in an additive manner. |
| 15895 | 10523028 | In the present work we studied in vitro the action of low density lipoproteins (LDL) isolated from normolipemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients on transmembrane cation transport, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and aggregating response to stimuli of platelets from healthy subjects to elucidate whether the modified interaction between circulating lipoproteins and cells might be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the increased platelet activation in IDDM. |
| 15896 | 10523028 | Platelet aggregation responses to ADP, NOS activity, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and platelet membrane Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and Ca2+-ATPase activities were measured after incubation. |
| 15897 | 10523028 | IDDM LDL significantly increased the platelet aggregating response to ADP, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity and significantly reduced NOS activity and platelet membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity compared with those of platelets incubated in buffer or cells incubated with control LDL. |
| 15898 | 10523028 | Both the decreased activity of NOS and the higher cytoplasmic concentrations of Ca2+ might cause increased platelet activation, as observed in IDDM. |
| 15899 | 10523028 | In the present work we studied in vitro the action of low density lipoproteins (LDL) isolated from normolipemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients on transmembrane cation transport, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and aggregating response to stimuli of platelets from healthy subjects to elucidate whether the modified interaction between circulating lipoproteins and cells might be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the increased platelet activation in IDDM. |
| 15900 | 10523028 | Platelet aggregation responses to ADP, NOS activity, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and platelet membrane Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and Ca2+-ATPase activities were measured after incubation. |
| 15901 | 10523028 | IDDM LDL significantly increased the platelet aggregating response to ADP, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity and significantly reduced NOS activity and platelet membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity compared with those of platelets incubated in buffer or cells incubated with control LDL. |
| 15902 | 10523028 | Both the decreased activity of NOS and the higher cytoplasmic concentrations of Ca2+ might cause increased platelet activation, as observed in IDDM. |
| 15903 | 10523028 | In the present work we studied in vitro the action of low density lipoproteins (LDL) isolated from normolipemic insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients on transmembrane cation transport, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, and aggregating response to stimuli of platelets from healthy subjects to elucidate whether the modified interaction between circulating lipoproteins and cells might be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the increased platelet activation in IDDM. |
| 15904 | 10523028 | Platelet aggregation responses to ADP, NOS activity, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and platelet membrane Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) and Ca2+-ATPase activities were measured after incubation. |
| 15905 | 10523028 | IDDM LDL significantly increased the platelet aggregating response to ADP, cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations, and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase activity and significantly reduced NOS activity and platelet membrane Na+/K+-ATPase activity compared with those of platelets incubated in buffer or cells incubated with control LDL. |
| 15906 | 10523028 | Both the decreased activity of NOS and the higher cytoplasmic concentrations of Ca2+ might cause increased platelet activation, as observed in IDDM. |
| 15907 | 10523611 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease resulting from apoptotic destruction of beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 15908 | 10523611 | Overexpression of A20 by means of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer protects islets from IL-1beta and interferon gamma-induced apoptosis. |
| 15909 | 10523611 | The inhibitory effect of A20 on cytokine-stimulated NO production is due to transcriptional blockade of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induction; A20 inhibits the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB at a level upstream of IkappaBalpha degradation. |
| 15910 | 10523611 | We propose that A20 may have therapeutic potential as a gene therapy candidate to achieve successful islet transplantation and the cure of IDDM. |
| 15911 | 10523611 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease resulting from apoptotic destruction of beta cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 15912 | 10523611 | Overexpression of A20 by means of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer protects islets from IL-1beta and interferon gamma-induced apoptosis. |
| 15913 | 10523611 | The inhibitory effect of A20 on cytokine-stimulated NO production is due to transcriptional blockade of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) induction; A20 inhibits the activation of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB at a level upstream of IkappaBalpha degradation. |
| 15914 | 10523611 | We propose that A20 may have therapeutic potential as a gene therapy candidate to achieve successful islet transplantation and the cure of IDDM. |
| 15915 | 10524496 | Double transgenic (dTg) mice expressing the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza virus under the insulin promoter and the TCR specific for the immunodominant CD4 T cell epitope of HA (HA110-120) develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 15916 | 10525132 | Autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (ratio of antibodies against oxidized vs. native LDL, oxLDLab) were determined in 38 patients with IDDM (HbA(1c) 8.4+/-0.2%), who were clinically free of macrovascular disease, and 33 healthy normolipidemic subjects (HbA(1c) 5.1+/-0.1%, P<0.001 vs. |
| 15917 | 10525132 | OxLDLab were correlated with age in normal subjects, but not with age, duration of disease, LDL-cholesterol, HbA(1c) or degree of microvascular complications in patients with IDDM. |
| 15918 | 10525132 | To determine whether oxLDLab are associated with endothelial dysfunction in vivo, blood flow responses to intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and L-NMMA were determined in 23 of the patients with IDDM (age 33+/-1 years, body mass index 24. 3+/-0.6 kg/m(2), HbA(1c) 8.5+/-0.3%) and in the 33 matched normal males. |
| 15919 | 10525132 | Within the group of IDDM patients, HbA(1c) but not oxLDLab or LDL-cholesterol, was inversely correlated with the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine (r=-0.51, P<0.02), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, but not to sodium nitroprusside (r=0.06, NS). |
| 15920 | 10525132 | Autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (ratio of antibodies against oxidized vs. native LDL, oxLDLab) were determined in 38 patients with IDDM (HbA(1c) 8.4+/-0.2%), who were clinically free of macrovascular disease, and 33 healthy normolipidemic subjects (HbA(1c) 5.1+/-0.1%, P<0.001 vs. |
| 15921 | 10525132 | OxLDLab were correlated with age in normal subjects, but not with age, duration of disease, LDL-cholesterol, HbA(1c) or degree of microvascular complications in patients with IDDM. |
| 15922 | 10525132 | To determine whether oxLDLab are associated with endothelial dysfunction in vivo, blood flow responses to intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and L-NMMA were determined in 23 of the patients with IDDM (age 33+/-1 years, body mass index 24. 3+/-0.6 kg/m(2), HbA(1c) 8.5+/-0.3%) and in the 33 matched normal males. |
| 15923 | 10525132 | Within the group of IDDM patients, HbA(1c) but not oxLDLab or LDL-cholesterol, was inversely correlated with the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine (r=-0.51, P<0.02), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, but not to sodium nitroprusside (r=0.06, NS). |
| 15924 | 10525132 | Autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (ratio of antibodies against oxidized vs. native LDL, oxLDLab) were determined in 38 patients with IDDM (HbA(1c) 8.4+/-0.2%), who were clinically free of macrovascular disease, and 33 healthy normolipidemic subjects (HbA(1c) 5.1+/-0.1%, P<0.001 vs. |
| 15925 | 10525132 | OxLDLab were correlated with age in normal subjects, but not with age, duration of disease, LDL-cholesterol, HbA(1c) or degree of microvascular complications in patients with IDDM. |
| 15926 | 10525132 | To determine whether oxLDLab are associated with endothelial dysfunction in vivo, blood flow responses to intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and L-NMMA were determined in 23 of the patients with IDDM (age 33+/-1 years, body mass index 24. 3+/-0.6 kg/m(2), HbA(1c) 8.5+/-0.3%) and in the 33 matched normal males. |
| 15927 | 10525132 | Within the group of IDDM patients, HbA(1c) but not oxLDLab or LDL-cholesterol, was inversely correlated with the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine (r=-0.51, P<0.02), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, but not to sodium nitroprusside (r=0.06, NS). |
| 15928 | 10525132 | Autoantibodies against oxidized LDL (ratio of antibodies against oxidized vs. native LDL, oxLDLab) were determined in 38 patients with IDDM (HbA(1c) 8.4+/-0.2%), who were clinically free of macrovascular disease, and 33 healthy normolipidemic subjects (HbA(1c) 5.1+/-0.1%, P<0.001 vs. |
| 15929 | 10525132 | OxLDLab were correlated with age in normal subjects, but not with age, duration of disease, LDL-cholesterol, HbA(1c) or degree of microvascular complications in patients with IDDM. |
| 15930 | 10525132 | To determine whether oxLDLab are associated with endothelial dysfunction in vivo, blood flow responses to intrabrachial infusions of acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and L-NMMA were determined in 23 of the patients with IDDM (age 33+/-1 years, body mass index 24. 3+/-0.6 kg/m(2), HbA(1c) 8.5+/-0.3%) and in the 33 matched normal males. |
| 15931 | 10525132 | Within the group of IDDM patients, HbA(1c) but not oxLDLab or LDL-cholesterol, was inversely correlated with the forearm blood flow response to acetylcholine (r=-0.51, P<0.02), an endothelium-dependent vasodilator, but not to sodium nitroprusside (r=0.06, NS). |
| 15932 | 10527399 | Singaporean Chinese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have previously been shown to be associated with the DRB1*0301 haplotype and the joint occurrence of DRB1*0301/*0901 and DRB1*0301/*04. |
| 15933 | 10527399 | The present study extended previous HLA associations by investigating the HLA region using four microsatellites (TNFa, D6S273, TAP1, DQCARII). |
| 15934 | 10527399 | Our findings reinforce the notion that susceptibility to and protection against IDDM may include TNF region. |
| 15935 | 10527399 | In the present study, TNFa*12 seemed to be the primary association in the DRB1*0405 haplotype and may play an independent role in the pathogenesis of IDDM through TNF-alpha function. |
| 15936 | 10527399 | Singaporean Chinese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have previously been shown to be associated with the DRB1*0301 haplotype and the joint occurrence of DRB1*0301/*0901 and DRB1*0301/*04. |
| 15937 | 10527399 | The present study extended previous HLA associations by investigating the HLA region using four microsatellites (TNFa, D6S273, TAP1, DQCARII). |
| 15938 | 10527399 | Our findings reinforce the notion that susceptibility to and protection against IDDM may include TNF region. |
| 15939 | 10527399 | In the present study, TNFa*12 seemed to be the primary association in the DRB1*0405 haplotype and may play an independent role in the pathogenesis of IDDM through TNF-alpha function. |
| 15940 | 10527399 | Singaporean Chinese with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have previously been shown to be associated with the DRB1*0301 haplotype and the joint occurrence of DRB1*0301/*0901 and DRB1*0301/*04. |
| 15941 | 10527399 | The present study extended previous HLA associations by investigating the HLA region using four microsatellites (TNFa, D6S273, TAP1, DQCARII). |
| 15942 | 10527399 | Our findings reinforce the notion that susceptibility to and protection against IDDM may include TNF region. |
| 15943 | 10527399 | In the present study, TNFa*12 seemed to be the primary association in the DRB1*0405 haplotype and may play an independent role in the pathogenesis of IDDM through TNF-alpha function. |
| 15944 | 10540181 | Platelet expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF receptors and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
| 15945 | 10540181 | Microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been strongly associated with platelet abnormalities, whilst TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. |
| 15946 | 10540181 | However, at present it is not clear whether human circulating platelets express TNF-alpha or TNF receptors (TNF-R) or whether impaired expression of these molecules and of the TNF-reactive adhesion molecule ICAM-1 may be associated with platelet abnormalities in patients with IDDM. |
| 15947 | 10540181 | We observed that the proportion of platelets staining for TNF-alpha was significantly higher in IDDM patients with active PDR than in patients without microvascular complications (P = 0.0078), quiescent PDR (P = 0.003) or healthy subjects (P = 0.0013). |
| 15948 | 10540181 | There was a direct correlation between platelet expression of TNF-alpha and that of TNF-R in PDR patients, indicating that platelet staining for TNF-alpha may be due to binding of this cytokine to its receptors. |
| 15949 | 10540181 | The results suggest that increased platelet expression of TNF-alpha, TNF-R and ICAM-1 in IDDM patients may constitute important markers of thrombocyte abnormalities during the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. |
| 15950 | 10540181 | Platelet expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF receptors and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
| 15951 | 10540181 | Microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been strongly associated with platelet abnormalities, whilst TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. |
| 15952 | 10540181 | However, at present it is not clear whether human circulating platelets express TNF-alpha or TNF receptors (TNF-R) or whether impaired expression of these molecules and of the TNF-reactive adhesion molecule ICAM-1 may be associated with platelet abnormalities in patients with IDDM. |
| 15953 | 10540181 | We observed that the proportion of platelets staining for TNF-alpha was significantly higher in IDDM patients with active PDR than in patients without microvascular complications (P = 0.0078), quiescent PDR (P = 0.003) or healthy subjects (P = 0.0013). |
| 15954 | 10540181 | There was a direct correlation between platelet expression of TNF-alpha and that of TNF-R in PDR patients, indicating that platelet staining for TNF-alpha may be due to binding of this cytokine to its receptors. |
| 15955 | 10540181 | The results suggest that increased platelet expression of TNF-alpha, TNF-R and ICAM-1 in IDDM patients may constitute important markers of thrombocyte abnormalities during the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. |
| 15956 | 10540181 | Platelet expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF receptors and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
| 15957 | 10540181 | Microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been strongly associated with platelet abnormalities, whilst TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. |
| 15958 | 10540181 | However, at present it is not clear whether human circulating platelets express TNF-alpha or TNF receptors (TNF-R) or whether impaired expression of these molecules and of the TNF-reactive adhesion molecule ICAM-1 may be associated with platelet abnormalities in patients with IDDM. |
| 15959 | 10540181 | We observed that the proportion of platelets staining for TNF-alpha was significantly higher in IDDM patients with active PDR than in patients without microvascular complications (P = 0.0078), quiescent PDR (P = 0.003) or healthy subjects (P = 0.0013). |
| 15960 | 10540181 | There was a direct correlation between platelet expression of TNF-alpha and that of TNF-R in PDR patients, indicating that platelet staining for TNF-alpha may be due to binding of this cytokine to its receptors. |
| 15961 | 10540181 | The results suggest that increased platelet expression of TNF-alpha, TNF-R and ICAM-1 in IDDM patients may constitute important markers of thrombocyte abnormalities during the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. |
| 15962 | 10540181 | Platelet expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF receptors and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
| 15963 | 10540181 | Microvascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been strongly associated with platelet abnormalities, whilst TNF-alpha has been implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. |
| 15964 | 10540181 | However, at present it is not clear whether human circulating platelets express TNF-alpha or TNF receptors (TNF-R) or whether impaired expression of these molecules and of the TNF-reactive adhesion molecule ICAM-1 may be associated with platelet abnormalities in patients with IDDM. |
| 15965 | 10540181 | We observed that the proportion of platelets staining for TNF-alpha was significantly higher in IDDM patients with active PDR than in patients without microvascular complications (P = 0.0078), quiescent PDR (P = 0.003) or healthy subjects (P = 0.0013). |
| 15966 | 10540181 | There was a direct correlation between platelet expression of TNF-alpha and that of TNF-R in PDR patients, indicating that platelet staining for TNF-alpha may be due to binding of this cytokine to its receptors. |
| 15967 | 10540181 | The results suggest that increased platelet expression of TNF-alpha, TNF-R and ICAM-1 in IDDM patients may constitute important markers of thrombocyte abnormalities during the development of microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. |
| 15968 | 10544953 | The aim of the present work was to analyse the susceptibility to in vitro peroxidation of VLDL and HDL from apparently normolipidemic subjects affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in good metabolic control and to examine the possible relations between oxidisability and lipoprotein fatty acid composition. |
| 15969 | 10549569 | Type I diabetes, also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) results from the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells by a progressive beta cell-specific autoimmune process. |
| 15970 | 10549569 | Macrophages are primary contributors to the creation of the immune environment conducive to the development and activation of beta cell-specific Th1-type CD4+ T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells that cause autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice. |
| 15971 | 10549569 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are both believed to be important for the destruction of beta cells. |
| 15972 | 10549569 | In this way, macrophages, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells act synergistically to kill the beta cells in conjunction with beta cell autoantigens and MHC class I and class II antigens, resulting in the onset of autoimmune type I diabetes. |
| 15973 | 10551417 | A new predictive model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus susceptibility based on combinations of molecular HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 pockets. |
| 15974 | 10551417 | With a view to establishing an accurate evaluation of the genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent type I diabetes (IDDM), we have built a model based on the characteristics of the relevant pockets of HLA-DR and -DQ molecules. |
| 15975 | 10551417 | We formulate the hypothesis that suceptibility to IDDM is not only explained by the absence of Aspartate 57 (negative charge) from pocket 9 of DQB1 (P9DQ), but also by the presence of an electric charge (+/- vs. neutral), generated by residues 70, 71 and 74 in pockets 4 of DRB1 (P4DR) and DQB1 (P4DQ) molecules. |
| 15976 | 10551417 | A new predictive model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus susceptibility based on combinations of molecular HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 pockets. |
| 15977 | 10551417 | With a view to establishing an accurate evaluation of the genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent type I diabetes (IDDM), we have built a model based on the characteristics of the relevant pockets of HLA-DR and -DQ molecules. |
| 15978 | 10551417 | We formulate the hypothesis that suceptibility to IDDM is not only explained by the absence of Aspartate 57 (negative charge) from pocket 9 of DQB1 (P9DQ), but also by the presence of an electric charge (+/- vs. neutral), generated by residues 70, 71 and 74 in pockets 4 of DRB1 (P4DR) and DQB1 (P4DQ) molecules. |
| 15979 | 10561808 | Experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that renal arteriolar responses to angiotensin (Ang)II are altered in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 2. |
| 15980 | 10562465 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 15981 | 10562465 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a higher prevalence of vascular complications. |
| 15982 | 10562465 | We analyzed the frequency of C677T MTHFR in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15983 | 10562465 | The MTHFR T677T genotype was found significantly more frequently in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (0.216) compared with the IDDM patients without nephropathy (0.056); the odds ratio was 2.635 (95% CI 1.768-3.927). |
| 15984 | 10562465 | Thus, we suggest that the T677T genotype of the MTHFR gene is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 15985 | 10562465 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 15986 | 10562465 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a higher prevalence of vascular complications. |
| 15987 | 10562465 | We analyzed the frequency of C677T MTHFR in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15988 | 10562465 | The MTHFR T677T genotype was found significantly more frequently in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (0.216) compared with the IDDM patients without nephropathy (0.056); the odds ratio was 2.635 (95% CI 1.768-3.927). |
| 15989 | 10562465 | Thus, we suggest that the T677T genotype of the MTHFR gene is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 15990 | 10562465 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 15991 | 10562465 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a higher prevalence of vascular complications. |
| 15992 | 10562465 | We analyzed the frequency of C677T MTHFR in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15993 | 10562465 | The MTHFR T677T genotype was found significantly more frequently in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (0.216) compared with the IDDM patients without nephropathy (0.056); the odds ratio was 2.635 (95% CI 1.768-3.927). |
| 15994 | 10562465 | Thus, we suggest that the T677T genotype of the MTHFR gene is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 15995 | 10562465 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 15996 | 10562465 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a higher prevalence of vascular complications. |
| 15997 | 10562465 | We analyzed the frequency of C677T MTHFR in IDDM and control groups. |
| 15998 | 10562465 | The MTHFR T677T genotype was found significantly more frequently in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (0.216) compared with the IDDM patients without nephropathy (0.056); the odds ratio was 2.635 (95% CI 1.768-3.927). |
| 15999 | 10562465 | Thus, we suggest that the T677T genotype of the MTHFR gene is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 16000 | 10562465 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM patients. |
| 16001 | 10562465 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by a higher prevalence of vascular complications. |
| 16002 | 10562465 | We analyzed the frequency of C677T MTHFR in IDDM and control groups. |
| 16003 | 10562465 | The MTHFR T677T genotype was found significantly more frequently in IDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy (0.216) compared with the IDDM patients without nephropathy (0.056); the odds ratio was 2.635 (95% CI 1.768-3.927). |
| 16004 | 10562465 | Thus, we suggest that the T677T genotype of the MTHFR gene is an independent risk factor for diabetic nephropathy in IDDM. |
| 16005 | 10565450 | Decreased activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16006 | 10565450 | The aims of the present study were to determine whether the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is altered in the plasma of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels reflect CETP activity. |
| 16007 | 10565450 | Serum triglycerides were significantly decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo) A1 were markedly increased, in the IDDM patients. |
| 16008 | 10565450 | Plasma CETP activity was significantly lower in the IDDM patients than in the control children. |
| 16009 | 10565450 | None of the anthropometric indices nor the biochemical data correlated significantly with CETP activity in the IDDM patients. |
| 16010 | 10565450 | Suppression of CETP along with the putative activation of lipoprotein lipase due to peripheral hyperinsulinism appears to induce synergistically the increase in HDL-C in IDDM children. |
| 16011 | 10565450 | Decreased activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16012 | 10565450 | The aims of the present study were to determine whether the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is altered in the plasma of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels reflect CETP activity. |
| 16013 | 10565450 | Serum triglycerides were significantly decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo) A1 were markedly increased, in the IDDM patients. |
| 16014 | 10565450 | Plasma CETP activity was significantly lower in the IDDM patients than in the control children. |
| 16015 | 10565450 | None of the anthropometric indices nor the biochemical data correlated significantly with CETP activity in the IDDM patients. |
| 16016 | 10565450 | Suppression of CETP along with the putative activation of lipoprotein lipase due to peripheral hyperinsulinism appears to induce synergistically the increase in HDL-C in IDDM children. |
| 16017 | 10565450 | Decreased activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16018 | 10565450 | The aims of the present study were to determine whether the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is altered in the plasma of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels reflect CETP activity. |
| 16019 | 10565450 | Serum triglycerides were significantly decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo) A1 were markedly increased, in the IDDM patients. |
| 16020 | 10565450 | Plasma CETP activity was significantly lower in the IDDM patients than in the control children. |
| 16021 | 10565450 | None of the anthropometric indices nor the biochemical data correlated significantly with CETP activity in the IDDM patients. |
| 16022 | 10565450 | Suppression of CETP along with the putative activation of lipoprotein lipase due to peripheral hyperinsulinism appears to induce synergistically the increase in HDL-C in IDDM children. |
| 16023 | 10565450 | Decreased activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16024 | 10565450 | The aims of the present study were to determine whether the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is altered in the plasma of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels reflect CETP activity. |
| 16025 | 10565450 | Serum triglycerides were significantly decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo) A1 were markedly increased, in the IDDM patients. |
| 16026 | 10565450 | Plasma CETP activity was significantly lower in the IDDM patients than in the control children. |
| 16027 | 10565450 | None of the anthropometric indices nor the biochemical data correlated significantly with CETP activity in the IDDM patients. |
| 16028 | 10565450 | Suppression of CETP along with the putative activation of lipoprotein lipase due to peripheral hyperinsulinism appears to induce synergistically the increase in HDL-C in IDDM children. |
| 16029 | 10565450 | Decreased activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16030 | 10565450 | The aims of the present study were to determine whether the activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is altered in the plasma of children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and whether high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels reflect CETP activity. |
| 16031 | 10565450 | Serum triglycerides were significantly decreased, while the levels of HDL-C and apolipoprotein (apo) A1 were markedly increased, in the IDDM patients. |
| 16032 | 10565450 | Plasma CETP activity was significantly lower in the IDDM patients than in the control children. |
| 16033 | 10565450 | None of the anthropometric indices nor the biochemical data correlated significantly with CETP activity in the IDDM patients. |
| 16034 | 10565450 | Suppression of CETP along with the putative activation of lipoprotein lipase due to peripheral hyperinsulinism appears to induce synergistically the increase in HDL-C in IDDM children. |
| 16035 | 10565631 | We report on two patients (one female 42 years, one male 47 years) suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for more than 20 years. |
| 16036 | 10566120 | This study evaluated the effect of cisapride on glycaemic control, well-being and treatment satisfaction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with documented moderate to severe glycaemic instability. |
| 16037 | 10566598 | Influence of TNF microsatellite polymorphisms (TNFa) on age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16038 | 10566598 | The TNF-alpha gene is located in the HLA region and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16039 | 10566598 | We investigated the frequency of TNFa microsatellite alleles in 76 young-onset IDDM patients, 65 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 90 control subjects. |
| 16040 | 10566598 | We also examined the association of these TNFa alleles with HLA-DRB1 alleles, HLA-class I alleles, and TNF-alpha production. |
| 16041 | 10566598 | These results suggest that TNFa polymorphisms are associated with age-at-onset of IDDM and influence the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta cell destruction in the development of IDDM. |
| 16042 | 10566598 | Influence of TNF microsatellite polymorphisms (TNFa) on age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16043 | 10566598 | The TNF-alpha gene is located in the HLA region and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16044 | 10566598 | We investigated the frequency of TNFa microsatellite alleles in 76 young-onset IDDM patients, 65 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 90 control subjects. |
| 16045 | 10566598 | We also examined the association of these TNFa alleles with HLA-DRB1 alleles, HLA-class I alleles, and TNF-alpha production. |
| 16046 | 10566598 | These results suggest that TNFa polymorphisms are associated with age-at-onset of IDDM and influence the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta cell destruction in the development of IDDM. |
| 16047 | 10566598 | Influence of TNF microsatellite polymorphisms (TNFa) on age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16048 | 10566598 | The TNF-alpha gene is located in the HLA region and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16049 | 10566598 | We investigated the frequency of TNFa microsatellite alleles in 76 young-onset IDDM patients, 65 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 90 control subjects. |
| 16050 | 10566598 | We also examined the association of these TNFa alleles with HLA-DRB1 alleles, HLA-class I alleles, and TNF-alpha production. |
| 16051 | 10566598 | These results suggest that TNFa polymorphisms are associated with age-at-onset of IDDM and influence the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta cell destruction in the development of IDDM. |
| 16052 | 10566651 | No alteration in T lymphocyte expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) in individuals with or at increased risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16053 | 10566651 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) regulates multiple phases of the humoral and cellular immune response through binding to CD40. |
| 16054 | 10566651 | Previous investigations have suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in both humans and nonobese diabetic mice may be strongly influenced by similar immunoregulatory molecules. |
| 16055 | 10566651 | As persons with or at increased risk for the disease are characterized by a number of immunological abnormalities, including that of self-reactive autoantibody production (e.g. islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies), we analyzed the expression of CD40L on T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) in a series of individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (n = 11), nondiabetic relatives of IDDM probands at increased risk for the disease (n = 21; islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies positive; Juvenile Diabetes Foundation titer, > or = 20), and healthy controls (n = 13). |
| 16056 | 10566651 | Similarly, unstimulated and PMA stimulated CD40L expressions (percentage of positive cells and level) on CD3+ cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients and persons at increased risk for the disease were similar to those in healthy controls (6, 24, and 48 h; all P = NS). |
| 16057 | 10566651 | These findings do not support abnormal CD40L expression as the mechanism underlying the functional defect(s) in communication between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that allows for autoantibody production or the inability of individuals to regulate antiself immunity in IDDM. |
| 16058 | 10566651 | No alteration in T lymphocyte expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) in individuals with or at increased risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16059 | 10566651 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) regulates multiple phases of the humoral and cellular immune response through binding to CD40. |
| 16060 | 10566651 | Previous investigations have suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in both humans and nonobese diabetic mice may be strongly influenced by similar immunoregulatory molecules. |
| 16061 | 10566651 | As persons with or at increased risk for the disease are characterized by a number of immunological abnormalities, including that of self-reactive autoantibody production (e.g. islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies), we analyzed the expression of CD40L on T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) in a series of individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (n = 11), nondiabetic relatives of IDDM probands at increased risk for the disease (n = 21; islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies positive; Juvenile Diabetes Foundation titer, > or = 20), and healthy controls (n = 13). |
| 16062 | 10566651 | Similarly, unstimulated and PMA stimulated CD40L expressions (percentage of positive cells and level) on CD3+ cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients and persons at increased risk for the disease were similar to those in healthy controls (6, 24, and 48 h; all P = NS). |
| 16063 | 10566651 | These findings do not support abnormal CD40L expression as the mechanism underlying the functional defect(s) in communication between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that allows for autoantibody production or the inability of individuals to regulate antiself immunity in IDDM. |
| 16064 | 10566651 | No alteration in T lymphocyte expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) in individuals with or at increased risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16065 | 10566651 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) regulates multiple phases of the humoral and cellular immune response through binding to CD40. |
| 16066 | 10566651 | Previous investigations have suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in both humans and nonobese diabetic mice may be strongly influenced by similar immunoregulatory molecules. |
| 16067 | 10566651 | As persons with or at increased risk for the disease are characterized by a number of immunological abnormalities, including that of self-reactive autoantibody production (e.g. islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies), we analyzed the expression of CD40L on T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) in a series of individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (n = 11), nondiabetic relatives of IDDM probands at increased risk for the disease (n = 21; islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies positive; Juvenile Diabetes Foundation titer, > or = 20), and healthy controls (n = 13). |
| 16068 | 10566651 | Similarly, unstimulated and PMA stimulated CD40L expressions (percentage of positive cells and level) on CD3+ cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients and persons at increased risk for the disease were similar to those in healthy controls (6, 24, and 48 h; all P = NS). |
| 16069 | 10566651 | These findings do not support abnormal CD40L expression as the mechanism underlying the functional defect(s) in communication between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that allows for autoantibody production or the inability of individuals to regulate antiself immunity in IDDM. |
| 16070 | 10566651 | No alteration in T lymphocyte expression of CD40 ligand (CD154) in individuals with or at increased risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16071 | 10566651 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) regulates multiple phases of the humoral and cellular immune response through binding to CD40. |
| 16072 | 10566651 | Previous investigations have suggested that insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) in both humans and nonobese diabetic mice may be strongly influenced by similar immunoregulatory molecules. |
| 16073 | 10566651 | As persons with or at increased risk for the disease are characterized by a number of immunological abnormalities, including that of self-reactive autoantibody production (e.g. islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies), we analyzed the expression of CD40L on T lymphocytes (CD3+ cells) in a series of individuals with newly diagnosed IDDM (n = 11), nondiabetic relatives of IDDM probands at increased risk for the disease (n = 21; islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies positive; Juvenile Diabetes Foundation titer, > or = 20), and healthy controls (n = 13). |
| 16074 | 10566651 | Similarly, unstimulated and PMA stimulated CD40L expressions (percentage of positive cells and level) on CD3+ cells from newly diagnosed IDDM patients and persons at increased risk for the disease were similar to those in healthy controls (6, 24, and 48 h; all P = NS). |
| 16075 | 10566651 | These findings do not support abnormal CD40L expression as the mechanism underlying the functional defect(s) in communication between T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that allows for autoantibody production or the inability of individuals to regulate antiself immunity in IDDM. |
| 16076 | 10568450 | Immunohistochemical expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme was detected in the pancreatic islets of 12 cattle with spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16077 | 10568450 | The cytoplasm of vacuolated cells contained very few GAD- and insulin-positive granules, indicating beta cell destruction. |
| 16078 | 10568450 | These findings suggest that islet cells in cattle with IDDM lose their insulin synthesis function and their ability to regulate hormonal secretion of alpha and delta cells. |
| 16079 | 10568450 | Immunohistochemical expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) enzyme was detected in the pancreatic islets of 12 cattle with spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16080 | 10568450 | The cytoplasm of vacuolated cells contained very few GAD- and insulin-positive granules, indicating beta cell destruction. |
| 16081 | 10568450 | These findings suggest that islet cells in cattle with IDDM lose their insulin synthesis function and their ability to regulate hormonal secretion of alpha and delta cells. |
| 16082 | 10576062 | [Polymorphism of gene encoding vascular angiotensin II receptor and microangiopathies in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 16083 | 10576062 | Polymorphism A1166C of the AT1R gene encoding angiotensin vascular receptor [replacement of C (cytosine) for A (adenine)) at position 1166] was compared in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by diabetic nephropathy (DN) and in noncomplicated patients (n = 27 and n = 41, respectively) and also in patients with IDDM complicated by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and in correspondent noncomplicated individuals (n = 30 and n = 44, respectively). |
| 16084 | 10576062 | The frequency of AT1R gene alleles and genotypes in patients with IDDM complicated by DN did not differ significantly from that observed in patients with noncomplicated IDDM. |
| 16085 | 10576062 | [Polymorphism of gene encoding vascular angiotensin II receptor and microangiopathies in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 16086 | 10576062 | Polymorphism A1166C of the AT1R gene encoding angiotensin vascular receptor [replacement of C (cytosine) for A (adenine)) at position 1166] was compared in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) complicated by diabetic nephropathy (DN) and in noncomplicated patients (n = 27 and n = 41, respectively) and also in patients with IDDM complicated by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and in correspondent noncomplicated individuals (n = 30 and n = 44, respectively). |
| 16087 | 10576062 | The frequency of AT1R gene alleles and genotypes in patients with IDDM complicated by DN did not differ significantly from that observed in patients with noncomplicated IDDM. |
| 16088 | 10586200 | Graft recurrence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined. |
| 16089 | 10586200 | Only DP recipients that had been transplanted with whole pancreaticoduodenal grafts were free from IDDM recurrence (>60 days postgrafting) when treated with anti-intercellular adhesion moluecule-1 (ICAM)-1/leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). |
| 16090 | 10586200 | Graft recurrence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was examined. |
| 16091 | 10586200 | Only DP recipients that had been transplanted with whole pancreaticoduodenal grafts were free from IDDM recurrence (>60 days postgrafting) when treated with anti-intercellular adhesion moluecule-1 (ICAM)-1/leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). |
| 16092 | 10586428 | Recently, a BamHI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the HSPG gene (HSPG2) was reported to be associated with diabetic nephropathy in Caucasian insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16093 | 10586428 | The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of the BamHI HSPG2 polymorphism to the development of diabetic nephropathy in Japanese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 16094 | 10593564 | Both are used to model human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16095 | 10593564 | We now report that the phenotype of NK T cells in the rat is alphabetaTcR+ CD8+ CD4-, comparable to the NK T cell phenotype reported for humans, which is alphabetaTcR+ CD4- Valpha24-JalphaQ, and either CD8- or CD8alphaalpha+. |
| 16096 | 10593564 | Because RT6+ T cells are deficient in DP-BB rats, and because depletion of cells expressing RT6 induces IDDM in DR-BB rats, we studied NK T cells for expression of this antigen. |
| 16097 | 10593564 | Both are used to model human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16098 | 10593564 | We now report that the phenotype of NK T cells in the rat is alphabetaTcR+ CD8+ CD4-, comparable to the NK T cell phenotype reported for humans, which is alphabetaTcR+ CD4- Valpha24-JalphaQ, and either CD8- or CD8alphaalpha+. |
| 16099 | 10593564 | Because RT6+ T cells are deficient in DP-BB rats, and because depletion of cells expressing RT6 induces IDDM in DR-BB rats, we studied NK T cells for expression of this antigen. |
| 16100 | 10594551 | Autoantibodies to GAD, an important marker of the autoimmune process in type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are also found in non-diabetic individuals with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), APS2, and stiff man syndrome (SMS). |
| 16101 | 10594551 | Most IDDM sera contain two distinct GAD antibody specificities, one of which targets an epitope region in the middle-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E1; amino acids 221-359) and one of which targets the carboxy-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E2; amino acids 453-569). |
| 16102 | 10594551 | Using 11 chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins to maintain conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65, we compared the humoral repertoire of IgG antibodies from an individual with APS2-like disease (b35, b78, and b96) and MoAbs from an IDDM patient (MICA-2, MICA-3, and MICA-4). |
| 16103 | 10594551 | Neither the APS2 IgG antibodies nor the IDDM MoAbs bind the amino-terminal third of GAD65, but instead target the carboxy-terminal two-thirds of GAD65. |
| 16104 | 10594551 | These results indicate that there are both similarities and differences in the humoral response to GAD65 in APS2 and IDDM. |
| 16105 | 10594551 | Autoantibodies to GAD, an important marker of the autoimmune process in type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are also found in non-diabetic individuals with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), APS2, and stiff man syndrome (SMS). |
| 16106 | 10594551 | Most IDDM sera contain two distinct GAD antibody specificities, one of which targets an epitope region in the middle-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E1; amino acids 221-359) and one of which targets the carboxy-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E2; amino acids 453-569). |
| 16107 | 10594551 | Using 11 chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins to maintain conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65, we compared the humoral repertoire of IgG antibodies from an individual with APS2-like disease (b35, b78, and b96) and MoAbs from an IDDM patient (MICA-2, MICA-3, and MICA-4). |
| 16108 | 10594551 | Neither the APS2 IgG antibodies nor the IDDM MoAbs bind the amino-terminal third of GAD65, but instead target the carboxy-terminal two-thirds of GAD65. |
| 16109 | 10594551 | These results indicate that there are both similarities and differences in the humoral response to GAD65 in APS2 and IDDM. |
| 16110 | 10594551 | Autoantibodies to GAD, an important marker of the autoimmune process in type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are also found in non-diabetic individuals with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), APS2, and stiff man syndrome (SMS). |
| 16111 | 10594551 | Most IDDM sera contain two distinct GAD antibody specificities, one of which targets an epitope region in the middle-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E1; amino acids 221-359) and one of which targets the carboxy-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E2; amino acids 453-569). |
| 16112 | 10594551 | Using 11 chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins to maintain conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65, we compared the humoral repertoire of IgG antibodies from an individual with APS2-like disease (b35, b78, and b96) and MoAbs from an IDDM patient (MICA-2, MICA-3, and MICA-4). |
| 16113 | 10594551 | Neither the APS2 IgG antibodies nor the IDDM MoAbs bind the amino-terminal third of GAD65, but instead target the carboxy-terminal two-thirds of GAD65. |
| 16114 | 10594551 | These results indicate that there are both similarities and differences in the humoral response to GAD65 in APS2 and IDDM. |
| 16115 | 10594551 | Autoantibodies to GAD, an important marker of the autoimmune process in type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are also found in non-diabetic individuals with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), APS2, and stiff man syndrome (SMS). |
| 16116 | 10594551 | Most IDDM sera contain two distinct GAD antibody specificities, one of which targets an epitope region in the middle-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E1; amino acids 221-359) and one of which targets the carboxy-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E2; amino acids 453-569). |
| 16117 | 10594551 | Using 11 chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins to maintain conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65, we compared the humoral repertoire of IgG antibodies from an individual with APS2-like disease (b35, b78, and b96) and MoAbs from an IDDM patient (MICA-2, MICA-3, and MICA-4). |
| 16118 | 10594551 | Neither the APS2 IgG antibodies nor the IDDM MoAbs bind the amino-terminal third of GAD65, but instead target the carboxy-terminal two-thirds of GAD65. |
| 16119 | 10594551 | These results indicate that there are both similarities and differences in the humoral response to GAD65 in APS2 and IDDM. |
| 16120 | 10594551 | Autoantibodies to GAD, an important marker of the autoimmune process in type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are also found in non-diabetic individuals with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1), APS2, and stiff man syndrome (SMS). |
| 16121 | 10594551 | Most IDDM sera contain two distinct GAD antibody specificities, one of which targets an epitope region in the middle-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E1; amino acids 221-359) and one of which targets the carboxy-third of GAD65 (IDDM-E2; amino acids 453-569). |
| 16122 | 10594551 | Using 11 chimeric GAD65/GAD67 proteins to maintain conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65, we compared the humoral repertoire of IgG antibodies from an individual with APS2-like disease (b35, b78, and b96) and MoAbs from an IDDM patient (MICA-2, MICA-3, and MICA-4). |
| 16123 | 10594551 | Neither the APS2 IgG antibodies nor the IDDM MoAbs bind the amino-terminal third of GAD65, but instead target the carboxy-terminal two-thirds of GAD65. |
| 16124 | 10594551 | These results indicate that there are both similarities and differences in the humoral response to GAD65 in APS2 and IDDM. |
| 16125 | 10600218 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type I diabetes. |
| 16126 | 10600218 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a pivotal role in the development of IDDM, and modulation of its synthesis may be a mechanism by which environmental modulation of disease progression occurs. |
| 16127 | 10600218 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a model of spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type I diabetes. |
| 16128 | 10600218 | Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a pivotal role in the development of IDDM, and modulation of its synthesis may be a mechanism by which environmental modulation of disease progression occurs. |
| 16129 | 10600222 | Altered plasma levels of nerve growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta2 in type-1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16130 | 10600222 | Nerve growth factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) are cytokines which have known immunological effects. |
| 16131 | 10600222 | An elevated level of NGF has been reported in certain autoimmune diseases, whereas TGF-beta2 is an immunosuppressor which is known to play a role in regulating cell proliferation. |
| 16132 | 10600222 | In this study we measured the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2 in the sera of patients with IDDM (n = 26) and values were compared to those of age-matched normal subjects (n = 27) and also to patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 26) with similar HbA1c levels and an equal duration of diabetes. |
| 16133 | 10600222 | Serum NGF levels were significantly elevated in IDDM patients compared to those of age-matched controls (p <.001) and NIDDM controls (p <.01). |
| 16134 | 10600222 | TGF-beta2 levels were lower in IDDM patients when compared with the healthy control (p <.001) and the NIDDM control (p <.05). |
| 16135 | 10600222 | There was no correlation between the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2. |
| 16136 | 10600222 | The duration of diabetes and the level of HbA1c did not affect the NGF and TGF-beta2 levels in the IDDM patients. |
| 16137 | 10600222 | We conclude that an increase in NGF and a suppression in TGF-beta2 levels are present in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus and that both cytokines may play independent roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. |
| 16138 | 10600222 | Altered plasma levels of nerve growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta2 in type-1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16139 | 10600222 | Nerve growth factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) are cytokines which have known immunological effects. |
| 16140 | 10600222 | An elevated level of NGF has been reported in certain autoimmune diseases, whereas TGF-beta2 is an immunosuppressor which is known to play a role in regulating cell proliferation. |
| 16141 | 10600222 | In this study we measured the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2 in the sera of patients with IDDM (n = 26) and values were compared to those of age-matched normal subjects (n = 27) and also to patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 26) with similar HbA1c levels and an equal duration of diabetes. |
| 16142 | 10600222 | Serum NGF levels were significantly elevated in IDDM patients compared to those of age-matched controls (p <.001) and NIDDM controls (p <.01). |
| 16143 | 10600222 | TGF-beta2 levels were lower in IDDM patients when compared with the healthy control (p <.001) and the NIDDM control (p <.05). |
| 16144 | 10600222 | There was no correlation between the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2. |
| 16145 | 10600222 | The duration of diabetes and the level of HbA1c did not affect the NGF and TGF-beta2 levels in the IDDM patients. |
| 16146 | 10600222 | We conclude that an increase in NGF and a suppression in TGF-beta2 levels are present in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus and that both cytokines may play independent roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. |
| 16147 | 10600222 | Altered plasma levels of nerve growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta2 in type-1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16148 | 10600222 | Nerve growth factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) are cytokines which have known immunological effects. |
| 16149 | 10600222 | An elevated level of NGF has been reported in certain autoimmune diseases, whereas TGF-beta2 is an immunosuppressor which is known to play a role in regulating cell proliferation. |
| 16150 | 10600222 | In this study we measured the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2 in the sera of patients with IDDM (n = 26) and values were compared to those of age-matched normal subjects (n = 27) and also to patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 26) with similar HbA1c levels and an equal duration of diabetes. |
| 16151 | 10600222 | Serum NGF levels were significantly elevated in IDDM patients compared to those of age-matched controls (p <.001) and NIDDM controls (p <.01). |
| 16152 | 10600222 | TGF-beta2 levels were lower in IDDM patients when compared with the healthy control (p <.001) and the NIDDM control (p <.05). |
| 16153 | 10600222 | There was no correlation between the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2. |
| 16154 | 10600222 | The duration of diabetes and the level of HbA1c did not affect the NGF and TGF-beta2 levels in the IDDM patients. |
| 16155 | 10600222 | We conclude that an increase in NGF and a suppression in TGF-beta2 levels are present in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus and that both cytokines may play independent roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. |
| 16156 | 10600222 | Altered plasma levels of nerve growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta2 in type-1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16157 | 10600222 | Nerve growth factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) are cytokines which have known immunological effects. |
| 16158 | 10600222 | An elevated level of NGF has been reported in certain autoimmune diseases, whereas TGF-beta2 is an immunosuppressor which is known to play a role in regulating cell proliferation. |
| 16159 | 10600222 | In this study we measured the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2 in the sera of patients with IDDM (n = 26) and values were compared to those of age-matched normal subjects (n = 27) and also to patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 26) with similar HbA1c levels and an equal duration of diabetes. |
| 16160 | 10600222 | Serum NGF levels were significantly elevated in IDDM patients compared to those of age-matched controls (p <.001) and NIDDM controls (p <.01). |
| 16161 | 10600222 | TGF-beta2 levels were lower in IDDM patients when compared with the healthy control (p <.001) and the NIDDM control (p <.05). |
| 16162 | 10600222 | There was no correlation between the levels of NGF and TGF-beta2. |
| 16163 | 10600222 | The duration of diabetes and the level of HbA1c did not affect the NGF and TGF-beta2 levels in the IDDM patients. |
| 16164 | 10600222 | We conclude that an increase in NGF and a suppression in TGF-beta2 levels are present in patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus and that both cytokines may play independent roles in the pathogenesis of this disease. |
| 16165 | 10601879 | Although many risk factors can trigger the development of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), it is likely that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in beta-cell death and disease progression. |
| 16166 | 10612717 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16167 | 10612717 | With this assay IA-2 Abs were detected in 103/217 (47%) of IDDM patients of different ages and with different disease duration. |
| 16168 | 10612717 | IA-2 Ab prevalence was higher in younger patients (at the age of 15 years or below) with the recent onset IDDM (64/113; 57%) compared to patients above the age of 15 years (11/25; 44%). |
| 16169 | 10612717 | Out of 217 IDDM sera which were tested for IA-2 Abs, 140 (65%) were positive for Abs to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and 166 (76%) were positive for Abs to IA-2 and/or Abs to GAD. |
| 16170 | 10612717 | In addition, Abs to IA-2, to GAD and to insulin were analysed in sera from recent onset IDDM patients who had not been treated with insulin (n=117). |
| 16171 | 10612717 | In all, 76/117 (65%) of these sera were positive for GAD Abs, 66/117 (56%) for IA-2 Abs, 45/117 (38%) for insulin Abs. |
| 16172 | 10612717 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16173 | 10612717 | With this assay IA-2 Abs were detected in 103/217 (47%) of IDDM patients of different ages and with different disease duration. |
| 16174 | 10612717 | IA-2 Ab prevalence was higher in younger patients (at the age of 15 years or below) with the recent onset IDDM (64/113; 57%) compared to patients above the age of 15 years (11/25; 44%). |
| 16175 | 10612717 | Out of 217 IDDM sera which were tested for IA-2 Abs, 140 (65%) were positive for Abs to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and 166 (76%) were positive for Abs to IA-2 and/or Abs to GAD. |
| 16176 | 10612717 | In addition, Abs to IA-2, to GAD and to insulin were analysed in sera from recent onset IDDM patients who had not been treated with insulin (n=117). |
| 16177 | 10612717 | In all, 76/117 (65%) of these sera were positive for GAD Abs, 66/117 (56%) for IA-2 Abs, 45/117 (38%) for insulin Abs. |
| 16178 | 10612717 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16179 | 10612717 | With this assay IA-2 Abs were detected in 103/217 (47%) of IDDM patients of different ages and with different disease duration. |
| 16180 | 10612717 | IA-2 Ab prevalence was higher in younger patients (at the age of 15 years or below) with the recent onset IDDM (64/113; 57%) compared to patients above the age of 15 years (11/25; 44%). |
| 16181 | 10612717 | Out of 217 IDDM sera which were tested for IA-2 Abs, 140 (65%) were positive for Abs to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and 166 (76%) were positive for Abs to IA-2 and/or Abs to GAD. |
| 16182 | 10612717 | In addition, Abs to IA-2, to GAD and to insulin were analysed in sera from recent onset IDDM patients who had not been treated with insulin (n=117). |
| 16183 | 10612717 | In all, 76/117 (65%) of these sera were positive for GAD Abs, 66/117 (56%) for IA-2 Abs, 45/117 (38%) for insulin Abs. |
| 16184 | 10612717 | Autoantibodies to IA-2 in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16185 | 10612717 | With this assay IA-2 Abs were detected in 103/217 (47%) of IDDM patients of different ages and with different disease duration. |
| 16186 | 10612717 | IA-2 Ab prevalence was higher in younger patients (at the age of 15 years or below) with the recent onset IDDM (64/113; 57%) compared to patients above the age of 15 years (11/25; 44%). |
| 16187 | 10612717 | Out of 217 IDDM sera which were tested for IA-2 Abs, 140 (65%) were positive for Abs to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and 166 (76%) were positive for Abs to IA-2 and/or Abs to GAD. |
| 16188 | 10612717 | In addition, Abs to IA-2, to GAD and to insulin were analysed in sera from recent onset IDDM patients who had not been treated with insulin (n=117). |
| 16189 | 10612717 | In all, 76/117 (65%) of these sera were positive for GAD Abs, 66/117 (56%) for IA-2 Abs, 45/117 (38%) for insulin Abs. |
| 16190 | 10614992 | Animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have been used to characterize more fully insulitis, and our results with C57/BL/Ks mdb with low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) confirmed the disease. |
| 16191 | 10614992 | B1 receptor antagonist [Leu8]des-Arg9-BK has shown a significant effect on diabetic glycemia and renal control parameters. |
| 16192 | 10615825 | It is now possible, on the basis of the presence of antibodies directed against pancreatic autoantigens (ICA, GADA, IA-2A, IAA) to detect in the early stage of the autoimmune process leading to development of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 16193 | 10616860 | Twenty-four hour urine samples were collected from 19 controls and 19 diabetic patients (11 non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (non-IDDM) patients, and 8 insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients). |
| 16194 | 10616860 | It was determined that urinary THP concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with IDDM compared to patients with non-IDDM and controls. |
| 16195 | 10616860 | In conclusion, laboratory quantitation of urinary THP may be a useful indicator of cellular abnormalities such as reduced protein (THP) synthesis of the cells of the TAL and early DCT in some IDDM patients. |
| 16196 | 10616860 | Twenty-four hour urine samples were collected from 19 controls and 19 diabetic patients (11 non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (non-IDDM) patients, and 8 insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients). |
| 16197 | 10616860 | It was determined that urinary THP concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with IDDM compared to patients with non-IDDM and controls. |
| 16198 | 10616860 | In conclusion, laboratory quantitation of urinary THP may be a useful indicator of cellular abnormalities such as reduced protein (THP) synthesis of the cells of the TAL and early DCT in some IDDM patients. |
| 16199 | 10616860 | Twenty-four hour urine samples were collected from 19 controls and 19 diabetic patients (11 non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (non-IDDM) patients, and 8 insulin dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients). |
| 16200 | 10616860 | It was determined that urinary THP concentrations were significantly decreased in patients with IDDM compared to patients with non-IDDM and controls. |
| 16201 | 10616860 | In conclusion, laboratory quantitation of urinary THP may be a useful indicator of cellular abnormalities such as reduced protein (THP) synthesis of the cells of the TAL and early DCT in some IDDM patients. |
| 16202 | 10626263 | Recent studies have revealed that seasonality of onset of childhood insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with a peak late in autumn and winter exists in populations with medium or high incidence of disease and parallels viral epidemics. |
| 16203 | 10626736 | Alleles carrying serine, valine, or alanine at this position are strongly correlated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16204 | 10626736 | It has been proposed that the correlation between IDDM and MHC alleles lacking Asp(beta)57 may be due to an instability of the protein caused by loss of this salt bridge. |
| 16205 | 10626736 | Alleles carrying serine, valine, or alanine at this position are strongly correlated with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16206 | 10626736 | It has been proposed that the correlation between IDDM and MHC alleles lacking Asp(beta)57 may be due to an instability of the protein caused by loss of this salt bridge. |
| 16207 | 10630384 | Our studies may have implications for the prevention of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 16208 | 10634379 | Intensive therapy aiming at near normalization of glucose levels effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is recommended in most patients. |
| 16209 | 10634379 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between glycemic control, insulin dose, and 24-h ambulatory BP (AMBP) in a group of well-characterized IDDM patients. |
| 16210 | 10634379 | Twenty-four-h AMBP was measured in 123 normoalbuminuric [urinary albumin excretion (UAE) < 20 microg/min] IDDM patients using an oscillometric technique (SpaceLabs 90207) with readings at 20-min intervals. |
| 16211 | 10634379 | Intensive therapy aiming at near normalization of glucose levels effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is recommended in most patients. |
| 16212 | 10634379 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between glycemic control, insulin dose, and 24-h ambulatory BP (AMBP) in a group of well-characterized IDDM patients. |
| 16213 | 10634379 | Twenty-four-h AMBP was measured in 123 normoalbuminuric [urinary albumin excretion (UAE) < 20 microg/min] IDDM patients using an oscillometric technique (SpaceLabs 90207) with readings at 20-min intervals. |
| 16214 | 10634379 | Intensive therapy aiming at near normalization of glucose levels effectively delays the onset and slows the progression of complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and is recommended in most patients. |
| 16215 | 10634379 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between glycemic control, insulin dose, and 24-h ambulatory BP (AMBP) in a group of well-characterized IDDM patients. |
| 16216 | 10634379 | Twenty-four-h AMBP was measured in 123 normoalbuminuric [urinary albumin excretion (UAE) < 20 microg/min] IDDM patients using an oscillometric technique (SpaceLabs 90207) with readings at 20-min intervals. |
| 16217 | 10645659 | [IDDM-Sardinia Project: a study model on the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune pathologies. |
| 16218 | 10645659 | The "IDDM-Sardinia project" started in the beginning '90s and this main objective was, and still is, to clarify the epidemiological aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Sardinia, an island with a high incidence of the disease. |
| 16219 | 10645659 | [IDDM-Sardinia Project: a study model on the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and other autoimmune pathologies. |
| 16220 | 10645659 | The "IDDM-Sardinia project" started in the beginning '90s and this main objective was, and still is, to clarify the epidemiological aspects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Sardinia, an island with a high incidence of the disease. |
| 16221 | 10645793 | The onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is often associated with the infiltration of pancreatic cells by macrophages. |
| 16222 | 10649738 | Improvement of glycemic control by CAPD with intraperitoneal insulin in a child with IDDM and ESRD. |
| 16223 | 10649738 | A 12-year old boy with ESRD from renal dysplasia who also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was treated with CAPD and intraperitoneal insulin prior to renal transplantation. |
| 16224 | 10649738 | We conclude that the use of intraperitoneal insulin in children with IDDM and ESRD leads to improved glycemic control. |
| 16225 | 10649738 | Improvement of glycemic control by CAPD with intraperitoneal insulin in a child with IDDM and ESRD. |
| 16226 | 10649738 | A 12-year old boy with ESRD from renal dysplasia who also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was treated with CAPD and intraperitoneal insulin prior to renal transplantation. |
| 16227 | 10649738 | We conclude that the use of intraperitoneal insulin in children with IDDM and ESRD leads to improved glycemic control. |
| 16228 | 10649738 | Improvement of glycemic control by CAPD with intraperitoneal insulin in a child with IDDM and ESRD. |
| 16229 | 10649738 | A 12-year old boy with ESRD from renal dysplasia who also had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was treated with CAPD and intraperitoneal insulin prior to renal transplantation. |
| 16230 | 10649738 | We conclude that the use of intraperitoneal insulin in children with IDDM and ESRD leads to improved glycemic control. |
| 16231 | 10652168 | The incidence of cataract in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-treated and insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were 7.1 (95% CI, 5. 4, 8.9), 11.7 (95% CI, 9.1, 14.3) and 17.8 (95% CI, 12.9, 22.7) per 1000 person-years, respectively. |
| 16232 | 10652168 | Using a Cox's Proportional Hazards Model for IDDM and NIDDM (insulin and non-insulin-treated) diabetes separately, age and any retinopathy were significant independent predictors of cataract for all groups. |
| 16233 | 10652168 | Poor metabolic control also was a significant independent predictor of cataract for the IDDM and insulin-treated NIDDM diabetes groups. |
| 16234 | 10652168 | The incidence of cataract in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-treated and insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were 7.1 (95% CI, 5. 4, 8.9), 11.7 (95% CI, 9.1, 14.3) and 17.8 (95% CI, 12.9, 22.7) per 1000 person-years, respectively. |
| 16235 | 10652168 | Using a Cox's Proportional Hazards Model for IDDM and NIDDM (insulin and non-insulin-treated) diabetes separately, age and any retinopathy were significant independent predictors of cataract for all groups. |
| 16236 | 10652168 | Poor metabolic control also was a significant independent predictor of cataract for the IDDM and insulin-treated NIDDM diabetes groups. |
| 16237 | 10652168 | The incidence of cataract in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-treated and insulin-treated non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were 7.1 (95% CI, 5. 4, 8.9), 11.7 (95% CI, 9.1, 14.3) and 17.8 (95% CI, 12.9, 22.7) per 1000 person-years, respectively. |
| 16238 | 10652168 | Using a Cox's Proportional Hazards Model for IDDM and NIDDM (insulin and non-insulin-treated) diabetes separately, age and any retinopathy were significant independent predictors of cataract for all groups. |
| 16239 | 10652168 | Poor metabolic control also was a significant independent predictor of cataract for the IDDM and insulin-treated NIDDM diabetes groups. |
| 16240 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16241 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16242 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16243 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16244 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16245 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16246 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16247 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16248 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16249 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16250 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16251 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16252 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16253 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16254 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16255 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16256 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16257 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16258 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16259 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16260 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16261 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16262 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16263 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16264 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16265 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16266 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16267 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16268 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16269 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16270 | 10657849 | Evidence for complement-dependent and -independent inhibition of insulin secretion from clonal beta-cells incubated in the presence of sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 16271 | 10657849 | There are conflicting reports on the effect of serum from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or normal human serum on beta-cell function and insulin secretion. |
| 16272 | 10657849 | Here, we report that the sera of newly diagnosed IDDM patients potently suppresses insulin secretion from a clonal rat pancreatic beta-cell line (BRIN-BD11), but do not alter cell viability. |
| 16273 | 10657849 | Alanine-stimulated insulin secretion from cells cultured for 24 h in (10% v/v) IDDM patient sera was reduced to 48% of that secreted from cells cultured in (10% v/v) normal human sera. |
| 16274 | 10657849 | After depletion of the complement components C1q and C3, the inhibition of insulin secretion induced by IDDM patient sera was significantly reversed (no significant difference was observed between cells cultured in complement-depleted IDDM patient sera and cells cultured in normal human sera or complement-depleted normal human sera). |
| 16275 | 10657849 | The concentration of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies was markedly increased in the sera of six out of nine newly diagnosed IDDM patients in this study, whereas insulin auto-antibodies (IAA) were detected in the sera of three of the nine patients and islet-cell antibodies (ICA) in the sera of five of them. |
| 16276 | 10660216 | Certain dietary components have been reported to potentially suppress the initiation of experimental insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models. |
| 16277 | 10665665 | The prevalence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1 and DQA1 alleles has been determined in 78 Kuwaiti Arab children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in 57 normal healthy controls with similar ethnic background. |
| 16278 | 10666008 | Fatty liver and hyperlipidemia in IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) of streptozotocin-treated shrews. |
| 16279 | 10666008 | Severe IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) was produced in the musk shrew (Suncus murimus, Insectivora) by a high dose (a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg Body Weight) of streptozotocin (STZ) injection. |
| 16280 | 10666008 | Fatty liver and hyperlipidemia in IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) of streptozotocin-treated shrews. |
| 16281 | 10666008 | Severe IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) was produced in the musk shrew (Suncus murimus, Insectivora) by a high dose (a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg Body Weight) of streptozotocin (STZ) injection. |
| 16282 | 10668191 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells with the primary mechanism being cell mediated. |
| 16283 | 10668191 | Since the diabetes-prone BB rat is lymphopenic, with a reduction of both CD4 and CD8 cells, the continuous failure of dCF treated animals to develop diabetes may have been due to generalized immunosuppression. |
| 16284 | 10671304 | Linkage disequilibrium testing of four interleukin-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16285 | 10671304 | The molecules of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) system have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and polymorphisms in the genes encoding IL-1beta (IL1B), the IL-1 Type 1 receptor (IL1RTI) and the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) molecules have been associated with IDDM in case-control studies. |
| 16286 | 10671304 | Hence, by means of the TDT we have investigated four intragenic IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms, the IL1B AvaI, the IL1B TaqI, the IL1RTI PstI and the IL1RN 2(nd)intron polymorphisms, for linkage and intra-familial association with IDDM in Danish IDDM multiplex family material comprising 245 families. |
| 16287 | 10671304 | In conclusion, by means of intra-familial TDT analysis we found no linkage or intra-familial association between IDDM and the four IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish IDDM multiplex family material. |
| 16288 | 10671304 | Linkage disequilibrium testing of four interleukin-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16289 | 10671304 | The molecules of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) system have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and polymorphisms in the genes encoding IL-1beta (IL1B), the IL-1 Type 1 receptor (IL1RTI) and the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) molecules have been associated with IDDM in case-control studies. |
| 16290 | 10671304 | Hence, by means of the TDT we have investigated four intragenic IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms, the IL1B AvaI, the IL1B TaqI, the IL1RTI PstI and the IL1RN 2(nd)intron polymorphisms, for linkage and intra-familial association with IDDM in Danish IDDM multiplex family material comprising 245 families. |
| 16291 | 10671304 | In conclusion, by means of intra-familial TDT analysis we found no linkage or intra-familial association between IDDM and the four IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish IDDM multiplex family material. |
| 16292 | 10671304 | Linkage disequilibrium testing of four interleukin-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish multiplex families with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16293 | 10671304 | The molecules of the interleukin 1 (IL-1) system have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and polymorphisms in the genes encoding IL-1beta (IL1B), the IL-1 Type 1 receptor (IL1RTI) and the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) molecules have been associated with IDDM in case-control studies. |
| 16294 | 10671304 | Hence, by means of the TDT we have investigated four intragenic IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms, the IL1B AvaI, the IL1B TaqI, the IL1RTI PstI and the IL1RN 2(nd)intron polymorphisms, for linkage and intra-familial association with IDDM in Danish IDDM multiplex family material comprising 245 families. |
| 16295 | 10671304 | In conclusion, by means of intra-familial TDT analysis we found no linkage or intra-familial association between IDDM and the four IL-1 gene-cluster polymorphisms in Danish IDDM multiplex family material. |
| 16296 | 10679090 | Several apoptotic pathways have been implicated in beta cell destruction, including Fas, perforin, and TNF-alpha. |
| 16297 | 10679090 | Evidence for Fas-mediated lysis of beta cells in the pathogenesis of IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice includes: 1) Fas-deficient NOD mice bearing the lpr mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr) fail to develop IDDM; 2) transgenic expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on beta cells in NOD mice may result in accelerated IDDM; and 3) irradiated NOD-lpr/lpr mice are resistant to adoptive transfer of diabetes by cells from NOD mice. |
| 16298 | 10679090 | Here we present novel evidence for the role of Fas/FasL interactions in the progression of NOD diabetes using two newly derived mouse strains. |
| 16299 | 10679090 | We show that NOD mice heterozygous for the FasL mutation gld, which have reduced functional FasL expression on T cells but no lymphadenopathy, fail to develop IDDM. |
| 16300 | 10679090 | Further, we show that NOD-lpr/lpr mice bearing the scid mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr-scid/scid), which eliminates the enhanced FasL-mediated lytic activity induced by Fas deficiency, still have delayed onset and reduced incidence of IDDM after adoptive transfer of diabetogenic NOD spleen cells. |
| 16301 | 10679090 | These results provide evidence that Fas/FasL-mediated programmed cell death plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 16302 | 10679090 | Several apoptotic pathways have been implicated in beta cell destruction, including Fas, perforin, and TNF-alpha. |
| 16303 | 10679090 | Evidence for Fas-mediated lysis of beta cells in the pathogenesis of IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice includes: 1) Fas-deficient NOD mice bearing the lpr mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr) fail to develop IDDM; 2) transgenic expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on beta cells in NOD mice may result in accelerated IDDM; and 3) irradiated NOD-lpr/lpr mice are resistant to adoptive transfer of diabetes by cells from NOD mice. |
| 16304 | 10679090 | Here we present novel evidence for the role of Fas/FasL interactions in the progression of NOD diabetes using two newly derived mouse strains. |
| 16305 | 10679090 | We show that NOD mice heterozygous for the FasL mutation gld, which have reduced functional FasL expression on T cells but no lymphadenopathy, fail to develop IDDM. |
| 16306 | 10679090 | Further, we show that NOD-lpr/lpr mice bearing the scid mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr-scid/scid), which eliminates the enhanced FasL-mediated lytic activity induced by Fas deficiency, still have delayed onset and reduced incidence of IDDM after adoptive transfer of diabetogenic NOD spleen cells. |
| 16307 | 10679090 | These results provide evidence that Fas/FasL-mediated programmed cell death plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 16308 | 10679090 | Several apoptotic pathways have been implicated in beta cell destruction, including Fas, perforin, and TNF-alpha. |
| 16309 | 10679090 | Evidence for Fas-mediated lysis of beta cells in the pathogenesis of IDDM in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice includes: 1) Fas-deficient NOD mice bearing the lpr mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr) fail to develop IDDM; 2) transgenic expression of Fas ligand (FasL) on beta cells in NOD mice may result in accelerated IDDM; and 3) irradiated NOD-lpr/lpr mice are resistant to adoptive transfer of diabetes by cells from NOD mice. |
| 16310 | 10679090 | Here we present novel evidence for the role of Fas/FasL interactions in the progression of NOD diabetes using two newly derived mouse strains. |
| 16311 | 10679090 | We show that NOD mice heterozygous for the FasL mutation gld, which have reduced functional FasL expression on T cells but no lymphadenopathy, fail to develop IDDM. |
| 16312 | 10679090 | Further, we show that NOD-lpr/lpr mice bearing the scid mutation (NOD-lpr/lpr-scid/scid), which eliminates the enhanced FasL-mediated lytic activity induced by Fas deficiency, still have delayed onset and reduced incidence of IDDM after adoptive transfer of diabetogenic NOD spleen cells. |
| 16313 | 10679090 | These results provide evidence that Fas/FasL-mediated programmed cell death plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 16314 | 10679951 | IDDM7 links to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Danish multiplex families but linkage is not explained by novel polymorphisms in the candidate gene GALNT3. |
| 16315 | 10679951 | The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus IDDM7 on 2q31 links to IDDM in some but not other populations. |
| 16316 | 10679951 | GALNT3 that encodes the UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase-T3 (GalNAc-T3), was recently identified and mapped to a region 5-25 cM from D2S152. |
| 16317 | 10679951 | Hence, the aims of the present study were to investigate by means of extended transmission disequilibrium testing (ETDT) and transmission disequilibrium testing (TDT) of the marker for IDDM7, D2S152, the marker for GALNT3, D2S2363, and novel polymorphisms identified through mutation screening of the entire GALNT3 for linkage with IDDM in 241 Danish IDDM multiplex families. |
| 16318 | 10679951 | Analysis of the D2S2363 and the T284A GALNT3 transmission patterns did not show linkage to IDDM in Danish patients (P(ETDT)=0.15 and P(TDT)=0.76, respectively). |
| 16319 | 10679951 | In conclusion, IDDM7 (D2S152) links to IDDM in Danish patients, but D2S2363 and the identified T284A polymorphism in the GALNT3 3'UTR did not. |
| 16320 | 10679951 | Hence, it is unlikely that the GALNT3 is an IDDM susceptibility gene. |
| 16321 | 10679951 | IDDM7 links to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Danish multiplex families but linkage is not explained by novel polymorphisms in the candidate gene GALNT3. |
| 16322 | 10679951 | The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus IDDM7 on 2q31 links to IDDM in some but not other populations. |
| 16323 | 10679951 | GALNT3 that encodes the UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase-T3 (GalNAc-T3), was recently identified and mapped to a region 5-25 cM from D2S152. |
| 16324 | 10679951 | Hence, the aims of the present study were to investigate by means of extended transmission disequilibrium testing (ETDT) and transmission disequilibrium testing (TDT) of the marker for IDDM7, D2S152, the marker for GALNT3, D2S2363, and novel polymorphisms identified through mutation screening of the entire GALNT3 for linkage with IDDM in 241 Danish IDDM multiplex families. |
| 16325 | 10679951 | Analysis of the D2S2363 and the T284A GALNT3 transmission patterns did not show linkage to IDDM in Danish patients (P(ETDT)=0.15 and P(TDT)=0.76, respectively). |
| 16326 | 10679951 | In conclusion, IDDM7 (D2S152) links to IDDM in Danish patients, but D2S2363 and the identified T284A polymorphism in the GALNT3 3'UTR did not. |
| 16327 | 10679951 | Hence, it is unlikely that the GALNT3 is an IDDM susceptibility gene. |
| 16328 | 10679951 | IDDM7 links to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Danish multiplex families but linkage is not explained by novel polymorphisms in the candidate gene GALNT3. |
| 16329 | 10679951 | The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus IDDM7 on 2q31 links to IDDM in some but not other populations. |
| 16330 | 10679951 | GALNT3 that encodes the UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase-T3 (GalNAc-T3), was recently identified and mapped to a region 5-25 cM from D2S152. |
| 16331 | 10679951 | Hence, the aims of the present study were to investigate by means of extended transmission disequilibrium testing (ETDT) and transmission disequilibrium testing (TDT) of the marker for IDDM7, D2S152, the marker for GALNT3, D2S2363, and novel polymorphisms identified through mutation screening of the entire GALNT3 for linkage with IDDM in 241 Danish IDDM multiplex families. |
| 16332 | 10679951 | Analysis of the D2S2363 and the T284A GALNT3 transmission patterns did not show linkage to IDDM in Danish patients (P(ETDT)=0.15 and P(TDT)=0.76, respectively). |
| 16333 | 10679951 | In conclusion, IDDM7 (D2S152) links to IDDM in Danish patients, but D2S2363 and the identified T284A polymorphism in the GALNT3 3'UTR did not. |
| 16334 | 10679951 | Hence, it is unlikely that the GALNT3 is an IDDM susceptibility gene. |
| 16335 | 10679951 | IDDM7 links to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Danish multiplex families but linkage is not explained by novel polymorphisms in the candidate gene GALNT3. |
| 16336 | 10679951 | The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus IDDM7 on 2q31 links to IDDM in some but not other populations. |
| 16337 | 10679951 | GALNT3 that encodes the UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase-T3 (GalNAc-T3), was recently identified and mapped to a region 5-25 cM from D2S152. |
| 16338 | 10679951 | Hence, the aims of the present study were to investigate by means of extended transmission disequilibrium testing (ETDT) and transmission disequilibrium testing (TDT) of the marker for IDDM7, D2S152, the marker for GALNT3, D2S2363, and novel polymorphisms identified through mutation screening of the entire GALNT3 for linkage with IDDM in 241 Danish IDDM multiplex families. |
| 16339 | 10679951 | Analysis of the D2S2363 and the T284A GALNT3 transmission patterns did not show linkage to IDDM in Danish patients (P(ETDT)=0.15 and P(TDT)=0.76, respectively). |
| 16340 | 10679951 | In conclusion, IDDM7 (D2S152) links to IDDM in Danish patients, but D2S2363 and the identified T284A polymorphism in the GALNT3 3'UTR did not. |
| 16341 | 10679951 | Hence, it is unlikely that the GALNT3 is an IDDM susceptibility gene. |
| 16342 | 10679951 | IDDM7 links to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Danish multiplex families but linkage is not explained by novel polymorphisms in the candidate gene GALNT3. |
| 16343 | 10679951 | The insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus IDDM7 on 2q31 links to IDDM in some but not other populations. |
| 16344 | 10679951 | GALNT3 that encodes the UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase-T3 (GalNAc-T3), was recently identified and mapped to a region 5-25 cM from D2S152. |
| 16345 | 10679951 | Hence, the aims of the present study were to investigate by means of extended transmission disequilibrium testing (ETDT) and transmission disequilibrium testing (TDT) of the marker for IDDM7, D2S152, the marker for GALNT3, D2S2363, and novel polymorphisms identified through mutation screening of the entire GALNT3 for linkage with IDDM in 241 Danish IDDM multiplex families. |
| 16346 | 10679951 | Analysis of the D2S2363 and the T284A GALNT3 transmission patterns did not show linkage to IDDM in Danish patients (P(ETDT)=0.15 and P(TDT)=0.76, respectively). |
| 16347 | 10679951 | In conclusion, IDDM7 (D2S152) links to IDDM in Danish patients, but D2S2363 and the identified T284A polymorphism in the GALNT3 3'UTR did not. |
| 16348 | 10679951 | Hence, it is unlikely that the GALNT3 is an IDDM susceptibility gene. |
| 16349 | 10680451 | [Evaluation of selected HLA DRB1 gene alleles as genetic markers of type I diabetes in the population of northeastern Poland]. |
| 16350 | 10680451 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease and both environmental and genetic factors play a role in its pathogenesis. |
| 16351 | 10680451 | The aim of the present study was to estimate the frequency of chosen HLA DRB1 gene alleles in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first degree relatives in comparison with the healthy population in the north-eastern region of Poland. |
| 16352 | 10681643 | The balance between glucocorticoids and insulin regulates muscle proteolysis via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. |
| 16353 | 10681643 | In muscles of STZ-diabetic rats, the levels of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and mRNAs encoding ubiquitin, the ubiquitin-carrier protein, E2(14k) and the C3, C5 and C9 proteasome subunits were increased. |
| 16354 | 10681643 | Transcription of ubiquitin and C3 proteasome subunit genes in muscle was also increased by IDDM. |
| 16355 | 10681643 | Corticosterone excretion was higher in IDDM rats and adrenalectomy (ADX) prevented these catabolic responses; physiologic doses of glucorcoticoids restored the excessive protein catabolism in ADX-STZ rats. |
| 16356 | 10681643 | Giving IDDM rats replacement insulin also normalized protein degradation in muscles. |
| 16357 | 10681643 | In conclusion, reduced insulin together with physiologic levels of glucocorticoids activate the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by a mechanism that includes enhancing ubiquitin conjugation and proteolysis by the proteasome. |
| 16358 | 10681643 | The balance between glucocorticoids and insulin regulates muscle proteolysis via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. |
| 16359 | 10681643 | In muscles of STZ-diabetic rats, the levels of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and mRNAs encoding ubiquitin, the ubiquitin-carrier protein, E2(14k) and the C3, C5 and C9 proteasome subunits were increased. |
| 16360 | 10681643 | Transcription of ubiquitin and C3 proteasome subunit genes in muscle was also increased by IDDM. |
| 16361 | 10681643 | Corticosterone excretion was higher in IDDM rats and adrenalectomy (ADX) prevented these catabolic responses; physiologic doses of glucorcoticoids restored the excessive protein catabolism in ADX-STZ rats. |
| 16362 | 10681643 | Giving IDDM rats replacement insulin also normalized protein degradation in muscles. |
| 16363 | 10681643 | In conclusion, reduced insulin together with physiologic levels of glucocorticoids activate the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by a mechanism that includes enhancing ubiquitin conjugation and proteolysis by the proteasome. |
| 16364 | 10681643 | The balance between glucocorticoids and insulin regulates muscle proteolysis via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. |
| 16365 | 10681643 | In muscles of STZ-diabetic rats, the levels of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins and mRNAs encoding ubiquitin, the ubiquitin-carrier protein, E2(14k) and the C3, C5 and C9 proteasome subunits were increased. |
| 16366 | 10681643 | Transcription of ubiquitin and C3 proteasome subunit genes in muscle was also increased by IDDM. |
| 16367 | 10681643 | Corticosterone excretion was higher in IDDM rats and adrenalectomy (ADX) prevented these catabolic responses; physiologic doses of glucorcoticoids restored the excessive protein catabolism in ADX-STZ rats. |
| 16368 | 10681643 | Giving IDDM rats replacement insulin also normalized protein degradation in muscles. |
| 16369 | 10681643 | In conclusion, reduced insulin together with physiologic levels of glucocorticoids activate the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by a mechanism that includes enhancing ubiquitin conjugation and proteolysis by the proteasome. |
| 16370 | 10683186 | Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ-diabetic rats), which is similar to human insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM), were employed to investigate the antihyperglycemic action of isoferulic acid. |
| 16371 | 10683186 | However, expression of GLUT4 and PEPCK genes in nondiabetic rats were not influenced by similar treatment with isoferulic acid. |
| 16372 | 10689119 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to be associated with MHC in many studies. |
| 16373 | 10689119 | To extend this data with a population with relatively low IDDM incidence, MHC DRB, DQA, and DQB have been investigated by polymerase chain reaction and sequence specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization (PCR/SSO) in 178 IDDM patients from Turkey and compared to 248 healthy controls. |
| 16374 | 10689119 | Genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to be associated with MHC in many studies. |
| 16375 | 10689119 | To extend this data with a population with relatively low IDDM incidence, MHC DRB, DQA, and DQB have been investigated by polymerase chain reaction and sequence specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization (PCR/SSO) in 178 IDDM patients from Turkey and compared to 248 healthy controls. |
| 16376 | 10691912 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) occur frequently in patients with APECED, although clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is seen only in a subgroup of the patients. |
| 16377 | 10691912 | We studied the cellular immunity to GAD, antibodies to GAD and their association with the HLA DQB1 risk alleles for IDDM in patients with APECED. |
| 16378 | 10691912 | Proliferation responses to GAD were enhanced in the patients with APECED when compared with the control subjects (P = 0.004), but autoimmunity to GAD was not associated with IDDM in APECED. |
| 16379 | 10691912 | The levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted by GAD-stimulated T cells were higher in the patients than in control subjects (P = 0. 001). |
| 16380 | 10691912 | In 14 non-diabetic patients no difference in insulin secretion was observed in intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) between the patients with and without T cell reactivity to GAD. |
| 16381 | 10691912 | We conclude that cellular immunity to GAD detected as T cell proliferation response to GAD or IFN-gamma secretion by GAD-stimulated T cells was frequent in patients with APECED (69%) and was not restricted to the patients with clinically detectable beta-cell damage. |
| 16382 | 10691912 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) occur frequently in patients with APECED, although clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is seen only in a subgroup of the patients. |
| 16383 | 10691912 | We studied the cellular immunity to GAD, antibodies to GAD and their association with the HLA DQB1 risk alleles for IDDM in patients with APECED. |
| 16384 | 10691912 | Proliferation responses to GAD were enhanced in the patients with APECED when compared with the control subjects (P = 0.004), but autoimmunity to GAD was not associated with IDDM in APECED. |
| 16385 | 10691912 | The levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted by GAD-stimulated T cells were higher in the patients than in control subjects (P = 0. 001). |
| 16386 | 10691912 | In 14 non-diabetic patients no difference in insulin secretion was observed in intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) between the patients with and without T cell reactivity to GAD. |
| 16387 | 10691912 | We conclude that cellular immunity to GAD detected as T cell proliferation response to GAD or IFN-gamma secretion by GAD-stimulated T cells was frequent in patients with APECED (69%) and was not restricted to the patients with clinically detectable beta-cell damage. |
| 16388 | 10691912 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) occur frequently in patients with APECED, although clinical insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is seen only in a subgroup of the patients. |
| 16389 | 10691912 | We studied the cellular immunity to GAD, antibodies to GAD and their association with the HLA DQB1 risk alleles for IDDM in patients with APECED. |
| 16390 | 10691912 | Proliferation responses to GAD were enhanced in the patients with APECED when compared with the control subjects (P = 0.004), but autoimmunity to GAD was not associated with IDDM in APECED. |
| 16391 | 10691912 | The levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secreted by GAD-stimulated T cells were higher in the patients than in control subjects (P = 0. 001). |
| 16392 | 10691912 | In 14 non-diabetic patients no difference in insulin secretion was observed in intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) between the patients with and without T cell reactivity to GAD. |
| 16393 | 10691912 | We conclude that cellular immunity to GAD detected as T cell proliferation response to GAD or IFN-gamma secretion by GAD-stimulated T cells was frequent in patients with APECED (69%) and was not restricted to the patients with clinically detectable beta-cell damage. |
| 16394 | 10692980 | The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover in pre- and postmenopausal women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and normal reference women. |
| 16395 | 10692980 | Osteocalcin was significantly lower in postmenopausal NIDDM compared with postmenopausal IDDM patients and reference values. |
| 16396 | 10692980 | The aim of the study was to compare bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover in pre- and postmenopausal women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and normal reference women. |
| 16397 | 10692980 | Osteocalcin was significantly lower in postmenopausal NIDDM compared with postmenopausal IDDM patients and reference values. |
| 16398 | 10704145 | The destructive action of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta in IDDM is a multistage process: evidence and confirmation by apoptotic studies, induction of intermediates and electron microscopy. |
| 16399 | 10704145 | Using the rat beta-cell RIN-5AH insulinoma line as a means for studying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) induces beta-cell damage initiated by early apoptotic signals. |
| 16400 | 10704145 | The destructive action of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta in IDDM is a multistage process: evidence and confirmation by apoptotic studies, induction of intermediates and electron microscopy. |
| 16401 | 10704145 | Using the rat beta-cell RIN-5AH insulinoma line as a means for studying insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), it is shown that interleukin-1 (IL-1) induces beta-cell damage initiated by early apoptotic signals. |
| 16402 | 10708445 | Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) at frequencies of >1/1, 000 are sufficient to cause insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in transgenic mice whose pancreatic beta cells express as "self" antigen a protein from a virus later used to initiate infection. |
| 16403 | 10711658 | Hypothesizing that leptin binding proteins may regulate the functional efficiency of leptin, we characterized auxologic and hormonal factors that influence leptin binding in three disparate groups: normal adolescents, obese children, and teenagers with type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16404 | 10711658 | At any value of sLBA, obese children had higher serum leptin levels than non-obese adolescents or diabetic teenagers, consistent with "leptin resistance" in the obese group. sLBA was higher in males than in females only in those with diabetes (18.6 +/- 7.3 vs 10.9 +/- 5.1%, p<0.05). sLBA correlated inversely with serum insulin-like growth factor-I values in the normal group (r= -0.45, p<0.01) and with insulin in the obese children (r= -0.53, p<0.01). |
| 16405 | 10711821 | To evaluate how creatine influences erythrocyte deformability, we determined its effect on erythrocyte filterability in 9 subjects with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) without complications, 14 diabetics with uremia and 10 non-diabetic controls. |
| 16406 | 10714434 | The analysis of in vitro transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) production by peripheral blood in overt and pre-clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16407 | 10714434 | The alterations of TGF-beta1 production are believed to contribute to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models as well as in humans. |
| 16408 | 10714434 | The aim of our study was to evaluate in vitro TGF-beta1 production by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients and subjects in the pre-clinical stage of the disease in comparison to healthy controls and relatives of IDDM patients with low genetic risk for diabetes development. |
| 16409 | 10714434 | In the first degree relatives HLA typing (for DR3, DR4 and DQB1*0602 alleles), measurements of anti-pancreatic antibodies (ICA, GADA, IA-2A, IAA) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed. |
| 16410 | 10714434 | In the group of first degree relatives TGF-beta1 levels were highest in subjects with the presence of two or more pancreatic autoantibodies and/or with impaired insulin release in IVGTT, but lowest in relatives with protective DQB1*0602 alleles (P < 0.01). |
| 16411 | 10714434 | There was also a significant positive correlation between the TGF-beta1 levels and HbA1C in the IDDM subjects and first degree relatives (P < 0.03). |
| 16412 | 10714434 | The analysis of in vitro transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) production by peripheral blood in overt and pre-clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16413 | 10714434 | The alterations of TGF-beta1 production are believed to contribute to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models as well as in humans. |
| 16414 | 10714434 | The aim of our study was to evaluate in vitro TGF-beta1 production by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients and subjects in the pre-clinical stage of the disease in comparison to healthy controls and relatives of IDDM patients with low genetic risk for diabetes development. |
| 16415 | 10714434 | In the first degree relatives HLA typing (for DR3, DR4 and DQB1*0602 alleles), measurements of anti-pancreatic antibodies (ICA, GADA, IA-2A, IAA) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed. |
| 16416 | 10714434 | In the group of first degree relatives TGF-beta1 levels were highest in subjects with the presence of two or more pancreatic autoantibodies and/or with impaired insulin release in IVGTT, but lowest in relatives with protective DQB1*0602 alleles (P < 0.01). |
| 16417 | 10714434 | There was also a significant positive correlation between the TGF-beta1 levels and HbA1C in the IDDM subjects and first degree relatives (P < 0.03). |
| 16418 | 10714434 | The analysis of in vitro transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) production by peripheral blood in overt and pre-clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 16419 | 10714434 | The alterations of TGF-beta1 production are believed to contribute to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models as well as in humans. |
| 16420 | 10714434 | The aim of our study was to evaluate in vitro TGF-beta1 production by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients and subjects in the pre-clinical stage of the disease in comparison to healthy controls and relatives of IDDM patients with low genetic risk for diabetes development. |
| 16421 | 10714434 | In the first degree relatives HLA typing (for DR3, DR4 and DQB1*0602 alleles), measurements of anti-pancreatic antibodies (ICA, GADA, IA-2A, IAA) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed. |
| 16422 | 10714434 | In the group of first degree relatives TGF-beta1 levels were highest in subjects with the presence of two or more pancreatic autoantibodies and/or with impaired insulin release in IVGTT, but lowest in relatives with protective DQB1*0602 alleles (P < 0.01). |
| 16423 | 10714434 | There was also a significant positive correlation between the TGF-beta1 levels and HbA1C in the IDDM subjects and first degree relatives (P < 0.03). |
| 16424 | 10718300 | We compared various measures of visual-vestibular interaction in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), as well as non-diabetic controls. |
| 16425 | 10719242 | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in pancreatic beta cell death and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16426 | 10719820 | All patients had advanced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16427 | 10724088 | The autoimmune response seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) includes a humoral immune response against human insulin. |
| 16428 | 10724088 | Early insulin treatment has been used to prevent IDDM in the rodent models of IDDM, and a prevention trial is underway in humans. |
| 16429 | 10724088 | The autoimmune response seen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) includes a humoral immune response against human insulin. |
| 16430 | 10724088 | Early insulin treatment has been used to prevent IDDM in the rodent models of IDDM, and a prevention trial is underway in humans. |
| 16431 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16432 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16433 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16434 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16435 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16436 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16437 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16438 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16439 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16440 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16441 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16442 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16443 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16444 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16445 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16446 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16447 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16448 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16449 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16450 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16451 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16452 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16453 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16454 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16455 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16456 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16457 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16458 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16459 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16460 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16461 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16462 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16463 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16464 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16465 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16466 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16467 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16468 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16469 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16470 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16471 | 10725754 | Identification of a CD8 T cell that can independently mediate autoimmune diabetes development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16472 | 10725754 | Previous work has indicated that an important component for the initiation of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the NOD mouse model entails MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell responses against pancreatic beta cell Ags. |
| 16473 | 10725754 | However, unless previously activated in vitro, such CD8 T cells have previously been thought to require helper functions provided by MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells to exert their full diabetogenic effects. |
| 16474 | 10725754 | In this study, we show that IDDM development is greatly accelerated in a stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from a MHC class I-restricted CD8 T cell clone (designated AI4) previously found to contribute to the earliest preclinical stages of pancreatic beta cell destruction. |
| 16475 | 10725754 | Importantly, these TCR transgenic NOD mice (designated NOD.AI4alphabeta Tg) continued to develop IDDM at a greatly accelerated rate when residual CD4 helper T cells were eliminated by introduction of the scid mutation or a functionally inactivated CD4 allele. |
| 16476 | 10725754 | In a previously described stock of NOD mice expressing TCR transgenes derived from another MHC class I-restricted beta cell autoreactive T cell clone, IDDM development was retarded by elimination of residual CD4 T cells. |
| 16477 | 10725754 | Hence, there is variability in the helper dependence of CD8 T cells contributing to the development of autoimmune IDDM. |
| 16478 | 10725754 | The AI4 clonotype represents the first CD8 T cell with a demonstrated ability to progress from a naive to functionally activated state and rapidly mediate autoimmune IDDM development in the complete absence of CD4 T cell helper functions. |
| 16479 | 10727850 | The cDNA library of human pancreatic islets was screened with sera from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16480 | 10727850 | From the library screening, we isolated a novel cDNA, RNA helicase-like protein (RHELP), which exhibited strong sequence homology to p68 RNA helicase, a prototypic member of the DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box protein family. |
| 16481 | 10727850 | RHELP showed 42% and 44% amino acid sequence identity to human p68 RNA helicase and yeast DBP2 RNA helicase, respectively, among the DEAD box protein family. |
| 16482 | 10727850 | In vivo or in vitro functions of RHELP as a putative RNA helicase and its potential role as a diabetic autoantigen need to be further investigated. |
| 16483 | 10736103 | In vitro interleukin-13 production by peripheral blood in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first degree relatives. |
| 16484 | 10736103 | It is generally accepted that proinflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages/monocytes as well as cytotoxic T cells are responsible for pancreatic B-cell destruction in animal models of autoimmune diabetes and presumably in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 16485 | 10736103 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the production of interleukin (IL)-13-a Th2 cells derived anti-inflammatory cytokine, by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and their first degree relatives with a low or high risk of IDDM development. |
| 16486 | 10736103 | IL-13 concentrations in supernatant of 72 h cultures of peripheral blood after incubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or PHA+ insulin were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 16487 | 10736103 | The levels of IL-13 in the supernatants were significantly lower in at high risk of IDDM first degree relatives of diabetic patients (P < 0.02), higher in subjects with low genetic risk of diabetes type 1 (P < 0.02), and normal in IDDM patients in comparison to the control group. |
| 16488 | 10736103 | We have also observed that the adding of human insulin to the cultures resulted in a significant increase of in vitro IL-13 production in prediabetics, but not in the other studied groups. |
| 16489 | 10736103 | In vitro interleukin-13 production by peripheral blood in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first degree relatives. |
| 16490 | 10736103 | It is generally accepted that proinflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages/monocytes as well as cytotoxic T cells are responsible for pancreatic B-cell destruction in animal models of autoimmune diabetes and presumably in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 16491 | 10736103 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the production of interleukin (IL)-13-a Th2 cells derived anti-inflammatory cytokine, by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and their first degree relatives with a low or high risk of IDDM development. |
| 16492 | 10736103 | IL-13 concentrations in supernatant of 72 h cultures of peripheral blood after incubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or PHA+ insulin were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 16493 | 10736103 | The levels of IL-13 in the supernatants were significantly lower in at high risk of IDDM first degree relatives of diabetic patients (P < 0.02), higher in subjects with low genetic risk of diabetes type 1 (P < 0.02), and normal in IDDM patients in comparison to the control group. |
| 16494 | 10736103 | We have also observed that the adding of human insulin to the cultures resulted in a significant increase of in vitro IL-13 production in prediabetics, but not in the other studied groups. |
| 16495 | 10736103 | In vitro interleukin-13 production by peripheral blood in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and their first degree relatives. |
| 16496 | 10736103 | It is generally accepted that proinflammatory cytokines secreted by macrophages/monocytes as well as cytotoxic T cells are responsible for pancreatic B-cell destruction in animal models of autoimmune diabetes and presumably in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 16497 | 10736103 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the production of interleukin (IL)-13-a Th2 cells derived anti-inflammatory cytokine, by peripheral blood of newly diagnosed IDDM patients and their first degree relatives with a low or high risk of IDDM development. |
| 16498 | 10736103 | IL-13 concentrations in supernatant of 72 h cultures of peripheral blood after incubation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or PHA+ insulin were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
| 16499 | 10736103 | The levels of IL-13 in the supernatants were significantly lower in at high risk of IDDM first degree relatives of diabetic patients (P < 0.02), higher in subjects with low genetic risk of diabetes type 1 (P < 0.02), and normal in IDDM patients in comparison to the control group. |
| 16500 | 10736103 | We have also observed that the adding of human insulin to the cultures resulted in a significant increase of in vitro IL-13 production in prediabetics, but not in the other studied groups. |
| 16501 | 10739335 | We hypothesised that avidity of islet cell autoantibodies (ICA), found in the sera of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) usually months or years before disease onset, might reflect the stage of progression towards overt IDDM. |
| 16502 | 10743694 | Indications for early conversion were neurotoxicity (20), (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (5), nephrotoxicity (3), gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity (6), and cardiomyopathy (1), and for late conversion were neurotoxicity (15), IDDM (12), nephrotoxicity (3), GI toxicity (5), hepatotoxicity (6), post-transplant lmphoproliferate disease (PTLD) (2), cardiomyopathy (1), hemolytic anemia (1), and pruritus (1). |
| 16503 | 10744651 | The MHC class II molecule I-Ag7 is essential for the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse but the requirements for peptide binding to I-Ag7 are still controversial. |
| 16504 | 10749813 | This study was intended to compare exogenous [(13)C]glucose (Glu(exo)) oxidation in boys with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy boys of similar age, weight, and maximal O(2) uptake. |
| 16505 | 10749813 | Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were two- to threefold higher in IDDM vs. healthy boys in both trials. |
| 16506 | 10749813 | In conclusion, Glu(exo) is impaired in exercising boys with IDDM, even when plasma insulin levels are elevated. |
| 16507 | 10749813 | This study was intended to compare exogenous [(13)C]glucose (Glu(exo)) oxidation in boys with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy boys of similar age, weight, and maximal O(2) uptake. |
| 16508 | 10749813 | Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were two- to threefold higher in IDDM vs. healthy boys in both trials. |
| 16509 | 10749813 | In conclusion, Glu(exo) is impaired in exercising boys with IDDM, even when plasma insulin levels are elevated. |
| 16510 | 10749813 | This study was intended to compare exogenous [(13)C]glucose (Glu(exo)) oxidation in boys with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and healthy boys of similar age, weight, and maximal O(2) uptake. |
| 16511 | 10749813 | Blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations were two- to threefold higher in IDDM vs. healthy boys in both trials. |
| 16512 | 10749813 | In conclusion, Glu(exo) is impaired in exercising boys with IDDM, even when plasma insulin levels are elevated. |
| 16513 | 10756782 | IDDM has, because of insulin lack, raised levels of triglycerides and afferent lipoproteins. |
| 16514 | 10757435 | Pregnancies complicated by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) pose significant health risks to both the mother and her developing fetus. |
| 16515 | 10759289 | There are many data which demonstrate a significant relationship between leptin and insulin, but the mechanism underlying the changes of leptin induced by insulin and vice versa remains to be studied in more detail. |
| 16516 | 10759289 | It has been shown that the diminished serum leptin concentrations in patients with newly discovered insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) could be caused by insulin deficiency and/or increased lipolysis. |
| 16517 | 10759289 | Moreover, while in some studies in diabetic children with good metabolic control the serum leptin levels are similar to those of healthy children, in other studies children with IDDM have leptin levels higher than non diabetic children; it is possible that in some diabetic children intensified insulin therapy could cause chronic hyperinsulinemia with high leptin levels. |
| 16518 | 10759289 | There are many data which demonstrate a significant relationship between leptin and insulin, but the mechanism underlying the changes of leptin induced by insulin and vice versa remains to be studied in more detail. |
| 16519 | 10759289 | It has been shown that the diminished serum leptin concentrations in patients with newly discovered insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) could be caused by insulin deficiency and/or increased lipolysis. |
| 16520 | 10759289 | Moreover, while in some studies in diabetic children with good metabolic control the serum leptin levels are similar to those of healthy children, in other studies children with IDDM have leptin levels higher than non diabetic children; it is possible that in some diabetic children intensified insulin therapy could cause chronic hyperinsulinemia with high leptin levels. |
| 16521 | 10761862 | The strongest genetic risk component is encoded within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is designated IDDM I. |
| 16522 | 10761862 | The susceptibility encoded by IDDM2 refers to a variable number of tandem repeats in the insulin gene region. |
| 16523 | 10761862 | The strongest genetic risk component is encoded within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is designated IDDM I. |
| 16524 | 10761862 | The susceptibility encoded by IDDM2 refers to a variable number of tandem repeats in the insulin gene region. |
| 16525 | 10767724 | This insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can be prevented or delayed in CY-treated NOD mice by nicotinamide (NA). |
| 16526 | 10771998 | Interleukin-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, insulin secretion and oral glucose tolerance in non-diabetic siblings of children with IDDM. |
| 16527 | 10771998 | In vitro TNF-A and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-beta) inhibit insulin release from islet beta-cells. |
| 16528 | 10771998 | We measured the circulating levels of IL-1-beta, TNF-A and islet cell antibody (ICA) in 30 children with IDDM (10 of them at their first presentation), 30 of their non-diabetic siblings, and 30 normal age-matched children. |
| 16529 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were significantly higher in IDDM-siblings (31.8 +/- 7.7 pg/ml and 650 +/- 155 pg/ml respectively) versus normal children (21.2 +/- 6.4 pg/ml and 383 +/- 122 pg/ml respectively). |
| 16530 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations did not differ significantly between the diabetic children and healthy age-matched controls. |
| 16531 | 10771998 | Despite the significantly high prevalence of ICA in the recently diagnosed children with IDDM, their IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were lower than those for the normal children. |
| 16532 | 10771998 | The presence of significantly higher concentrations of these cytokines in IDDM siblings, with high prevalence of ICA (16%), was associated with normal oral glucose tolerance and normal peak insulin response (60 +/- 10.4 mlU/ml) after i.v. glucose bolus compared to normal children (52.3 +/- 9.5 mlU/ml). |
| 16533 | 10771998 | In summary, IL-1-beta and TNF-A levels can be used as indicators of continuing autoimmune aggression against beta-cells before the development of extensive beta-cell destruction. |
| 16534 | 10771998 | Interleukin-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, insulin secretion and oral glucose tolerance in non-diabetic siblings of children with IDDM. |
| 16535 | 10771998 | In vitro TNF-A and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-beta) inhibit insulin release from islet beta-cells. |
| 16536 | 10771998 | We measured the circulating levels of IL-1-beta, TNF-A and islet cell antibody (ICA) in 30 children with IDDM (10 of them at their first presentation), 30 of their non-diabetic siblings, and 30 normal age-matched children. |
| 16537 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were significantly higher in IDDM-siblings (31.8 +/- 7.7 pg/ml and 650 +/- 155 pg/ml respectively) versus normal children (21.2 +/- 6.4 pg/ml and 383 +/- 122 pg/ml respectively). |
| 16538 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations did not differ significantly between the diabetic children and healthy age-matched controls. |
| 16539 | 10771998 | Despite the significantly high prevalence of ICA in the recently diagnosed children with IDDM, their IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were lower than those for the normal children. |
| 16540 | 10771998 | The presence of significantly higher concentrations of these cytokines in IDDM siblings, with high prevalence of ICA (16%), was associated with normal oral glucose tolerance and normal peak insulin response (60 +/- 10.4 mlU/ml) after i.v. glucose bolus compared to normal children (52.3 +/- 9.5 mlU/ml). |
| 16541 | 10771998 | In summary, IL-1-beta and TNF-A levels can be used as indicators of continuing autoimmune aggression against beta-cells before the development of extensive beta-cell destruction. |
| 16542 | 10771998 | Interleukin-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, insulin secretion and oral glucose tolerance in non-diabetic siblings of children with IDDM. |
| 16543 | 10771998 | In vitro TNF-A and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-beta) inhibit insulin release from islet beta-cells. |
| 16544 | 10771998 | We measured the circulating levels of IL-1-beta, TNF-A and islet cell antibody (ICA) in 30 children with IDDM (10 of them at their first presentation), 30 of their non-diabetic siblings, and 30 normal age-matched children. |
| 16545 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were significantly higher in IDDM-siblings (31.8 +/- 7.7 pg/ml and 650 +/- 155 pg/ml respectively) versus normal children (21.2 +/- 6.4 pg/ml and 383 +/- 122 pg/ml respectively). |
| 16546 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations did not differ significantly between the diabetic children and healthy age-matched controls. |
| 16547 | 10771998 | Despite the significantly high prevalence of ICA in the recently diagnosed children with IDDM, their IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were lower than those for the normal children. |
| 16548 | 10771998 | The presence of significantly higher concentrations of these cytokines in IDDM siblings, with high prevalence of ICA (16%), was associated with normal oral glucose tolerance and normal peak insulin response (60 +/- 10.4 mlU/ml) after i.v. glucose bolus compared to normal children (52.3 +/- 9.5 mlU/ml). |
| 16549 | 10771998 | In summary, IL-1-beta and TNF-A levels can be used as indicators of continuing autoimmune aggression against beta-cells before the development of extensive beta-cell destruction. |
| 16550 | 10771998 | Interleukin-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, insulin secretion and oral glucose tolerance in non-diabetic siblings of children with IDDM. |
| 16551 | 10771998 | In vitro TNF-A and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-beta) inhibit insulin release from islet beta-cells. |
| 16552 | 10771998 | We measured the circulating levels of IL-1-beta, TNF-A and islet cell antibody (ICA) in 30 children with IDDM (10 of them at their first presentation), 30 of their non-diabetic siblings, and 30 normal age-matched children. |
| 16553 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were significantly higher in IDDM-siblings (31.8 +/- 7.7 pg/ml and 650 +/- 155 pg/ml respectively) versus normal children (21.2 +/- 6.4 pg/ml and 383 +/- 122 pg/ml respectively). |
| 16554 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations did not differ significantly between the diabetic children and healthy age-matched controls. |
| 16555 | 10771998 | Despite the significantly high prevalence of ICA in the recently diagnosed children with IDDM, their IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were lower than those for the normal children. |
| 16556 | 10771998 | The presence of significantly higher concentrations of these cytokines in IDDM siblings, with high prevalence of ICA (16%), was associated with normal oral glucose tolerance and normal peak insulin response (60 +/- 10.4 mlU/ml) after i.v. glucose bolus compared to normal children (52.3 +/- 9.5 mlU/ml). |
| 16557 | 10771998 | In summary, IL-1-beta and TNF-A levels can be used as indicators of continuing autoimmune aggression against beta-cells before the development of extensive beta-cell destruction. |
| 16558 | 10771998 | Interleukin-1-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, insulin secretion and oral glucose tolerance in non-diabetic siblings of children with IDDM. |
| 16559 | 10771998 | In vitro TNF-A and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1-beta) inhibit insulin release from islet beta-cells. |
| 16560 | 10771998 | We measured the circulating levels of IL-1-beta, TNF-A and islet cell antibody (ICA) in 30 children with IDDM (10 of them at their first presentation), 30 of their non-diabetic siblings, and 30 normal age-matched children. |
| 16561 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were significantly higher in IDDM-siblings (31.8 +/- 7.7 pg/ml and 650 +/- 155 pg/ml respectively) versus normal children (21.2 +/- 6.4 pg/ml and 383 +/- 122 pg/ml respectively). |
| 16562 | 10771998 | IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations did not differ significantly between the diabetic children and healthy age-matched controls. |
| 16563 | 10771998 | Despite the significantly high prevalence of ICA in the recently diagnosed children with IDDM, their IL-1-beta and TNF-A concentrations were lower than those for the normal children. |
| 16564 | 10771998 | The presence of significantly higher concentrations of these cytokines in IDDM siblings, with high prevalence of ICA (16%), was associated with normal oral glucose tolerance and normal peak insulin response (60 +/- 10.4 mlU/ml) after i.v. glucose bolus compared to normal children (52.3 +/- 9.5 mlU/ml). |
| 16565 | 10771998 | In summary, IL-1-beta and TNF-A levels can be used as indicators of continuing autoimmune aggression against beta-cells before the development of extensive beta-cell destruction. |
| 16566 | 10777104 | In a separate case-control data set, we investigated the HLA-DRB1*04 and DQ allele distribution in 245 IDDM patients and 177 controls from Germany, all DR4 positive. |
| 16567 | 10777104 | The case-control study of HLA-DQB1 *0302+ individuals revealed -DRB1 *0405 to be more frequent in patients with IDDM and HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DRB1 *0404 to be less frequent. |
| 16568 | 10777104 | HLA-DQA1 *0102-DQB1 *0602 and -DQA1 *0501-DQB1 *0301 in trans complementation with DRB1 *0401-DQB1 *0302 were also significantly less frequent in IDDM patients (P<3x 10(-7) and P<0.02). |
| 16569 | 10777104 | In conclusion, HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DQB1*0301 alleles in cis as well as protective DQ haplotypes in trans, confer dominant protection against IDDM in a German / Belgian population. |
| 16570 | 10777104 | In a separate case-control data set, we investigated the HLA-DRB1*04 and DQ allele distribution in 245 IDDM patients and 177 controls from Germany, all DR4 positive. |
| 16571 | 10777104 | The case-control study of HLA-DQB1 *0302+ individuals revealed -DRB1 *0405 to be more frequent in patients with IDDM and HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DRB1 *0404 to be less frequent. |
| 16572 | 10777104 | HLA-DQA1 *0102-DQB1 *0602 and -DQA1 *0501-DQB1 *0301 in trans complementation with DRB1 *0401-DQB1 *0302 were also significantly less frequent in IDDM patients (P<3x 10(-7) and P<0.02). |
| 16573 | 10777104 | In conclusion, HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DQB1*0301 alleles in cis as well as protective DQ haplotypes in trans, confer dominant protection against IDDM in a German / Belgian population. |
| 16574 | 10777104 | In a separate case-control data set, we investigated the HLA-DRB1*04 and DQ allele distribution in 245 IDDM patients and 177 controls from Germany, all DR4 positive. |
| 16575 | 10777104 | The case-control study of HLA-DQB1 *0302+ individuals revealed -DRB1 *0405 to be more frequent in patients with IDDM and HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DRB1 *0404 to be less frequent. |
| 16576 | 10777104 | HLA-DQA1 *0102-DQB1 *0602 and -DQA1 *0501-DQB1 *0301 in trans complementation with DRB1 *0401-DQB1 *0302 were also significantly less frequent in IDDM patients (P<3x 10(-7) and P<0.02). |
| 16577 | 10777104 | In conclusion, HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DQB1*0301 alleles in cis as well as protective DQ haplotypes in trans, confer dominant protection against IDDM in a German / Belgian population. |
| 16578 | 10777104 | In a separate case-control data set, we investigated the HLA-DRB1*04 and DQ allele distribution in 245 IDDM patients and 177 controls from Germany, all DR4 positive. |
| 16579 | 10777104 | The case-control study of HLA-DQB1 *0302+ individuals revealed -DRB1 *0405 to be more frequent in patients with IDDM and HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DRB1 *0404 to be less frequent. |
| 16580 | 10777104 | HLA-DQA1 *0102-DQB1 *0602 and -DQA1 *0501-DQB1 *0301 in trans complementation with DRB1 *0401-DQB1 *0302 were also significantly less frequent in IDDM patients (P<3x 10(-7) and P<0.02). |
| 16581 | 10777104 | In conclusion, HLA-DRB1 *0403 and -DQB1*0301 alleles in cis as well as protective DQ haplotypes in trans, confer dominant protection against IDDM in a German / Belgian population. |
| 16582 | 10778865 | Nocturnal hypoglycemia is one of the serious complications of intensive insulin therapy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type 1 DM). |
| 16583 | 10778865 | We assessed the effect of voglibose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) administration before the evening meal on nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16584 | 10778865 | We conclude that voglibose administration before the evening meal improves nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16585 | 10778865 | Nocturnal hypoglycemia is one of the serious complications of intensive insulin therapy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type 1 DM). |
| 16586 | 10778865 | We assessed the effect of voglibose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) administration before the evening meal on nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16587 | 10778865 | We conclude that voglibose administration before the evening meal improves nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16588 | 10778865 | Nocturnal hypoglycemia is one of the serious complications of intensive insulin therapy in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type 1 DM). |
| 16589 | 10778865 | We assessed the effect of voglibose (alpha-glucosidase inhibitor) administration before the evening meal on nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16590 | 10778865 | We conclude that voglibose administration before the evening meal improves nocturnal hypoglycemia in IDDM patients with intensive insulin therapy. |
| 16591 | 10779920 | [Analysis of polymorphism of the D11S2008 locus of the catalase gene in patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Muscovite population]. |
| 16592 | 10779920 | The allele and genotype frequency distributions of the D11S2008 tetranucleotide microsatellite linked with the catalase (CAT) gene were compared between patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with (N = 72) and without (N = 82) coronary heart disease (CHD), and between IDDM patients with normal arterial tension (N = 82) and with arterial hypertension (N = 42). |
| 16593 | 10779920 | Thus, the D11S2008 polymorphic locus located in proximity to the catalase gene proved to be weakly associated with CHD, but not associated with arterial hypertension, in IDDM patients. |
| 16594 | 10779920 | [Analysis of polymorphism of the D11S2008 locus of the catalase gene in patients with hypertension and ischemic heart disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the Muscovite population]. |
| 16595 | 10779920 | The allele and genotype frequency distributions of the D11S2008 tetranucleotide microsatellite linked with the catalase (CAT) gene were compared between patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with (N = 72) and without (N = 82) coronary heart disease (CHD), and between IDDM patients with normal arterial tension (N = 82) and with arterial hypertension (N = 42). |
| 16596 | 10779920 | Thus, the D11S2008 polymorphic locus located in proximity to the catalase gene proved to be weakly associated with CHD, but not associated with arterial hypertension, in IDDM patients. |
| 16597 | 10782017 | High frequency of HLA-DQB1 non-Asp(57) alleles in Kuwaiti children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16598 | 10782017 | The prevalence of polymorphic amino acids at position 57 of the HLA DQB1 in Kuwaiti children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic controls has been determined using a polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) method. |
| 16599 | 10782017 | Amongst the IDDM children with heterozygous genotype at codon 57 of HLA DQB1, 6/55 (11%) had Asp/Ala, 8/55 (15%) had Ala/Val, 4/55 (7%) had Ala/Ser and 1/55 had Asp/Val allelic combinations. |
| 16600 | 10782017 | High frequency of HLA-DQB1 non-Asp(57) alleles in Kuwaiti children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16601 | 10782017 | The prevalence of polymorphic amino acids at position 57 of the HLA DQB1 in Kuwaiti children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and nondiabetic controls has been determined using a polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) method. |
| 16602 | 10782017 | Amongst the IDDM children with heterozygous genotype at codon 57 of HLA DQB1, 6/55 (11%) had Asp/Ala, 8/55 (15%) had Ala/Val, 4/55 (7%) had Ala/Ser and 1/55 had Asp/Val allelic combinations. |
| 16603 | 10787223 | In addition, there were increased numbers of CD8 T cells in both autoimmune POF and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 16604 | 10787223 | Exclusive to POF patients was a statistically significant increase in CD8 density on T cells. |
| 16605 | 10802156 | The relationships of psychiatric characteristics to metabolic control and psychosocial functioning were examined in a group of 16 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (mean age: 14.3+/-5.1 years, mean duration of follow-up: 5.0+/-2.3 years) and psychiatric disorders. |
| 16606 | 10803660 | Preliminary data on 53 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from Sardinia seem to confirm the relationship between RH and Hb A(1c) observed in NIDDM. |
| 16607 | 10824689 | To assess the autonomic function and the significance of its abnormalities for the prognosis of ARCP, 18 patients with ARCP and associated diabetes mellitus (P-DM group), 10 with ARCP without evidence of diabetes mellitus (P group), 17 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM group), and 18 healthy controls answered a structured questionnaire and underwent three standardized cardiovascular (CV) tests that yielded six different parameters for autonomic nerve function. |
| 16608 | 10825588 | Analysis of CIITA encoding AIR-1 gene promoters in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis patients from the northeast of Italy: absence of sequence variability. |
| 16609 | 10825588 | The availability of CIITA ap- pears generally essential for MHC class II gene expression, and hence its own transcriptional regulatory mechanisms result of fundamental importance for a correct homeostasis of the immune response. |
| 16610 | 10825588 | Therefore, it is possible to hypothesize that variability at the CIITA-encoding locus, AIR-1, could constitute an additional source of susceptible traits to autoimmune diseases. |
| 16611 | 10825588 | Mutations at AIR-1/CIITA promoters could modulate expression of CIITA. |
| 16612 | 10825588 | Variations in CIITA expression could influence the qualitative and quantitative expression of MHC class II molecules at cell surface. |
| 16613 | 10825588 | We have analyzed sequence variation at AIR-1/CIITA promoters by PCR-SSCP in 23 IDDM and 30 RA patients compared to a sample of 19 unaffected normal controls and 16 unaffected IDDM family members, for a total of 88 Caucasian subjects from the Northeast of Italy. |
| 16614 | 10825588 | No sequence difference was found at the four AIR-1/CIITA promoters between autoimmune patients and normal controls. |
| 16615 | 10826512 | Further, the relationship between BMI on one hand and age, gender, duration of IDDM, the number of units of insulin used and the number of injections per day on the other hand were considered. |
| 16616 | 10833246 | Furthermore, hemolytic anemia, autoimmune phenomena, and hyalinizing glomerular renal disease of New Zealand Black (NZB) mice were prevented or cured by stem cell transplants using purified stem cells from MHC-matched DBA/2 donors or NZB donors. |
| 16617 | 10833246 | Other diseases we are approaching using this gentle manipulation include two forms of diabetes: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) type I in NOD mice and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) type II in KK/Ay mice, atherosclerosis of apolipoprotein-E + kno |
| 16618 | 10835296 | Cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16619 | 10835296 | Our results demonstrate that PBN cotreatment prevents the generation of nitrite by RIN-5F cells induced by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 1beta, and interferon-gamma in a dose-dependent fashion. |
| 16620 | 10837172 | The activation of the interferon (IFN)-alpha system and its relationship with coxsackievirus B (CVB) infection has been analyzed in 56 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; 25 children and 31 adults). |
| 16621 | 10837652 | Insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cell lines represent a promising approach for treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16622 | 10837698 | The literature suggests that intranasal insulin therapy has considerable potential for controlling post-prandial hyperglycaemia in the treatment of both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 16623 | 10838733 | A single antigen--glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), can cause autoimmune disease as the immuno-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 16624 | 10848492 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disease caused by progressive autoimmune infiltration (insulitis) of the pancreatic islets of Langerhan, culminating in the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 16625 | 10848492 | However, only the IDDM1 locus is well characterized, at a molecular and functional level, as alleleic variants of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HLA-DQB1, DRB1, and DPB1 genes that mediate antigen presentation to T cells. |
| 16626 | 10848492 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disease caused by progressive autoimmune infiltration (insulitis) of the pancreatic islets of Langerhan, culminating in the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 16627 | 10848492 | However, only the IDDM1 locus is well characterized, at a molecular and functional level, as alleleic variants of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II HLA-DQB1, DRB1, and DPB1 genes that mediate antigen presentation to T cells. |
| 16628 | 10849375 | As these events occur at increased frequencies in several autoimmune disorders, presumably because of increased T-cell proliferation, we investigated if this is also true for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16629 | 10864575 | Experiments were performed to determine the involvement of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (K(ATP) channels) in the renal afferent arteriolar dilation that occurs during the hyperfiltration stage of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16630 | 10864575 | IDDM was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and adequate insulin was provided to maintain moderate hyperglycemia. |
| 16631 | 10864575 | Experiments were performed to determine the involvement of ATP-sensitive K(+) channels (K(ATP) channels) in the renal afferent arteriolar dilation that occurs during the hyperfiltration stage of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16632 | 10864575 | IDDM was induced in rats by streptozotocin (STZ) injection, and adequate insulin was provided to maintain moderate hyperglycemia. |
| 16633 | 10868172 | We report a 15-year-old Muslim boy with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during the Muslim Ramadan month of day-time fasting. |
| 16634 | 10873667 | COX-2 inhibition prevents insulin-dependent diabetes in low-dose streptozotocin-treated mice. |
| 16635 | 10873667 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease believed to be caused by an inflammatory process in the pancreas leading to selective destruction of the beta cells. |
| 16636 | 10873667 | These results demonstrate the critical importance of COX-2 activity in autoimmune destruction of beta cells, and point to the fact that COX-2 inhibition can potentially develop into a preventive therapy against IDDM. |
| 16637 | 10873667 | COX-2 inhibition prevents insulin-dependent diabetes in low-dose streptozotocin-treated mice. |
| 16638 | 10873667 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease believed to be caused by an inflammatory process in the pancreas leading to selective destruction of the beta cells. |
| 16639 | 10873667 | These results demonstrate the critical importance of COX-2 activity in autoimmune destruction of beta cells, and point to the fact that COX-2 inhibition can potentially develop into a preventive therapy against IDDM. |
| 16640 | 10878475 | In this paper, transmission probabilities are estimated and tested using data on HLA A, B and DR loci genotypes of parents and offspring ascertained from the entire population of Finland (Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study) through one or more offspring diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during the recruitment period from September 1986 to July 1989. |
| 16641 | 10882147 | The objective was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of osteopenia in patients with uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to obtain more information on the pathophysiology of diabetic osteopenia. |
| 16642 | 10882147 | In addition, markers of bone formation [plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and serum osteocalcin] and bone resorption [urinary excretion of calcium and of the cross-linked N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen, both corrected for the excretion of creatinine] were measured in the diabetic patients and in 33 healthy controls, matched for sex, age, height, weight and body mass index (BMI). |
| 16643 | 10882147 | There were no differences in the mean serum ALP, BAP and osteocalcin levels between the diabetic patients and the controls, nor between the diabetic patients with and without femoral neck osteopenia. |
| 16644 | 10882147 | Considering only the male diabetic patients, significantly lower mean plasma IGF-I (-26%), serum ALP (-24%) and serum osteocalcin (-38%) levels were present in the patients with femoral neck osteopenia than in those without osteopenia at this site, suggesting lowered bone formation. |
| 16645 | 10883114 | [Incidence of insulin dependent diabetes in youth in Israel in 1997: Israel IDDM Registry Study Group for incidence of diabetes between the ages of 0-17]. |
| 16646 | 10883114 | Recent reports from different countries have shown an increasing incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes). |
| 16647 | 10883114 | [Incidence of insulin dependent diabetes in youth in Israel in 1997: Israel IDDM Registry Study Group for incidence of diabetes between the ages of 0-17]. |
| 16648 | 10883114 | Recent reports from different countries have shown an increasing incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I diabetes). |
| 16649 | 10884183 | In addition, VDR gene polymorphism influences susceptibility to some autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and multiple sclerosis (MS). |
| 16650 | 10893335 | To investigate the hypothesis that diabetes induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, we studied the urine-concentrating ability in response to vasopressin (AVP) in 12 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 12 nondiabetic controls. |
| 16651 | 10893335 | Urinary aquaporin-2 concentrations after AVP infusion were higher in controls (611.8+/-105.6 fmol/mg creatinine) than in IDDM (462.0+/-94.9 fmol/mg creatinine, P = 0. 003). |
| 16652 | 10893335 | To investigate the hypothesis that diabetes induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, we studied the urine-concentrating ability in response to vasopressin (AVP) in 12 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 12 nondiabetic controls. |
| 16653 | 10893335 | Urinary aquaporin-2 concentrations after AVP infusion were higher in controls (611.8+/-105.6 fmol/mg creatinine) than in IDDM (462.0+/-94.9 fmol/mg creatinine, P = 0. 003). |
| 16654 | 10900297 | The relationship between glycaemic metabolic control and intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and related enzymes GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px), GSH-reductase (GSH-Red), GSH-transferase (GSH-Tr), glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and thioltransferase (TT) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is controversial. |
| 16655 | 10907214 | The aim of this article is to describe women's experiences of being pregnant and having insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), particularly regarding what the crucial elements of the experience are during pregnancy. |
| 16656 | 10907990 | In addition, VDR gene polymorphism influences susceptibility to some autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and multiple sclerosis (MS). |
| 16657 | 10908288 | Leptin expression in third trimester placenta (p) and leptin concentrations in umbilical cord blood (cb) were investigated in normal pregnancies [n = 10 (p), 31 (cb)] and abnormal pregnancies complicated with (i) maternal insulin-dependent diabetes [IDDM: n = 3 (p), 13 (cb)], (ii) gestational diabetes [GD: n = 2 (p), 10 (cb)] and (iii) fetal growth retardation [FGR: n = 5 (p), 5 (cb)]. |
| 16658 | 10908288 | The IDDM group exhibited the highest concentrations of leptin in cord blood. |
| 16659 | 10908288 | Leptin expression in third trimester placenta (p) and leptin concentrations in umbilical cord blood (cb) were investigated in normal pregnancies [n = 10 (p), 31 (cb)] and abnormal pregnancies complicated with (i) maternal insulin-dependent diabetes [IDDM: n = 3 (p), 13 (cb)], (ii) gestational diabetes [GD: n = 2 (p), 10 (cb)] and (iii) fetal growth retardation [FGR: n = 5 (p), 5 (cb)]. |
| 16660 | 10908288 | The IDDM group exhibited the highest concentrations of leptin in cord blood. |
| 16661 | 10909282 | Antibodies recognising different pancreatic autoantigens (Abs) are detected many years before the clinical onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16662 | 10909282 | The aim of the study was the estimation of the prevalence and titre of the antibodies directed against protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (IA-2) and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes type 1 and their first degree relatives. |
| 16663 | 10909282 | IA-2A and GADA were performed by radiobinding assay (RIA) using 2 microliters of serum and recombinant S35-labelled GAD65 and IA-2 antigens. |
| 16664 | 10909610 | In the past decade biochemically-defined beta-cell antigens were described, leading to the development of sensitive and specific autoantibody assays, to predict insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16665 | 10909610 | We examined the value of combined biochemically-based serological assays, such as autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and ICA512 (ICA512A) to replace the traditional ICA assay. |
| 16666 | 10909610 | We found that fewer sera scored positive for ICA and/or IAA (80.7%, 92/114) than for 1 or more of IAA, GAD, or ICA512 (88.6%, 101/114). |
| 16667 | 10909610 | We conclude that combined testing for IAA, GAD and ICA512 can replace the traditional ICA/IAA test to predict IDDM and is helpful in the differential diagnosis of insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 16668 | 10909610 | In the past decade biochemically-defined beta-cell antigens were described, leading to the development of sensitive and specific autoantibody assays, to predict insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16669 | 10909610 | We examined the value of combined biochemically-based serological assays, such as autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and ICA512 (ICA512A) to replace the traditional ICA assay. |
| 16670 | 10909610 | We found that fewer sera scored positive for ICA and/or IAA (80.7%, 92/114) than for 1 or more of IAA, GAD, or ICA512 (88.6%, 101/114). |
| 16671 | 10909610 | We conclude that combined testing for IAA, GAD and ICA512 can replace the traditional ICA/IAA test to predict IDDM and is helpful in the differential diagnosis of insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 16672 | 10912450 | The cellular and molecular physiology and pathology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are mostly studied and understood through the use of animal models. |
| 16673 | 10912450 | Modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (PDH; EC 1.2.4.1) activity was found to be a possible mode for taurine involvement. |
| 16674 | 10912450 | In IDDM, PDH activity is decreased through a mechanism that includes the stimulation of the de novo synthesis of a kinase activator protein (KAP) which phosphorylates PDH and inactivates the enzyme. |
| 16675 | 10912450 | The cellular and molecular physiology and pathology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are mostly studied and understood through the use of animal models. |
| 16676 | 10912450 | Modulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) (PDH; EC 1.2.4.1) activity was found to be a possible mode for taurine involvement. |
| 16677 | 10912450 | In IDDM, PDH activity is decreased through a mechanism that includes the stimulation of the de novo synthesis of a kinase activator protein (KAP) which phosphorylates PDH and inactivates the enzyme. |
| 16678 | 10912505 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice through the destruction of the B cells in pancreatic Langerhans islets by islet autoantigen-specific T cells. |
| 16679 | 10912505 | The islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is thought to be a major target autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 16680 | 10912505 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develops in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice through the destruction of the B cells in pancreatic Langerhans islets by islet autoantigen-specific T cells. |
| 16681 | 10912505 | The islet autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) is thought to be a major target autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 16682 | 10916559 | Genetic predisposition for IDDM is connected with HLA, CTLA-4 and insulin gene region. |
| 16683 | 10916559 | We analysed HLA class II, CTLA-4 and insulin gene polymorphisms in the whole family. |
| 16684 | 10916559 | All patients present identical genotype for VNTR loci: D1S80, D17S5 and Apo B, as well as for HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1, CTLA-4 gene and all studied insulin gene polymorphisms. |
| 16685 | 10916590 | Retinopathy is a common complication of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes, but serious visual loss may be prevented or delayed with sufficiently early diagnosis and treatment. |
| 16686 | 10920859 | The genetic determination of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus and thyroid gland diseases (TGD) was carried out using clinical-genealogical data on 229 patients with IDDM, 275 patient with NIDDM, 247 patients with TGD and their relatives. |
| 16687 | 10936496 | The purpose of the present study was to evaluate antinociceptive response and G-protein activation by mu-opioid receptor and delta-opioid receptor agonists in the genetic non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16688 | 10937927 | We assessed left ventricular systolic and diastolic function using pulsed-waved Doppler echocardiography in a selected group of 20 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (mean age, 35 +/- 8 years; mean diabetes duration, 17 + 7 years). |
| 16689 | 10947006 | Saccadic or fast Eye Movement System (EMS) and Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) were assessed in 20 insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM) patients without long-term complications and in stable metabolic control and in 21 age-matched control subjects. |
| 16690 | 10950829 | To determine the effect of glucose availability on glutamine metabolism, glutamine kinetics were assessed under conditions of hyperglycemia resulting from 1) intravenous infusion of 7.5% dextrose in healthy adults and 2) insulin deficiency in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16691 | 10950829 | Whether resulting from insulin deficiency or dextrose infusion, the rise in plasma glucose was associated with increased glucose turnover (23.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 12.9 +/- 0.3 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P < 0.01 and 20.9 +/- 2.5 vs. 12.8 +/- 0.4 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P = 0.03, in health and IDDM, respectively). |
| 16692 | 10950829 | When compared with the euglycemic day, the apparent contribution of glucose to glutamine carbon skeleton increased when high plasma glucose resulted from intravenous dextrose infusion in healthy volunteers (10 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.3%, P < 0.01) but failed to do so when hyperglycemia resulted from insulin deficiency in IDDM. |
| 16693 | 10950829 | To determine the effect of glucose availability on glutamine metabolism, glutamine kinetics were assessed under conditions of hyperglycemia resulting from 1) intravenous infusion of 7.5% dextrose in healthy adults and 2) insulin deficiency in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16694 | 10950829 | Whether resulting from insulin deficiency or dextrose infusion, the rise in plasma glucose was associated with increased glucose turnover (23.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 12.9 +/- 0.3 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P < 0.01 and 20.9 +/- 2.5 vs. 12.8 +/- 0.4 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P = 0.03, in health and IDDM, respectively). |
| 16695 | 10950829 | When compared with the euglycemic day, the apparent contribution of glucose to glutamine carbon skeleton increased when high plasma glucose resulted from intravenous dextrose infusion in healthy volunteers (10 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.3%, P < 0.01) but failed to do so when hyperglycemia resulted from insulin deficiency in IDDM. |
| 16696 | 10950829 | To determine the effect of glucose availability on glutamine metabolism, glutamine kinetics were assessed under conditions of hyperglycemia resulting from 1) intravenous infusion of 7.5% dextrose in healthy adults and 2) insulin deficiency in young adults with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16697 | 10950829 | Whether resulting from insulin deficiency or dextrose infusion, the rise in plasma glucose was associated with increased glucose turnover (23.5 +/- 0.7 vs. 12.9 +/- 0.3 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P < 0.01 and 20.9 +/- 2.5 vs. 12.8 +/- 0.4 micromol. kg(-1). min(-1), P = 0.03, in health and IDDM, respectively). |
| 16698 | 10950829 | When compared with the euglycemic day, the apparent contribution of glucose to glutamine carbon skeleton increased when high plasma glucose resulted from intravenous dextrose infusion in healthy volunteers (10 +/- 0.8 vs. 4.8 +/- 0.3%, P < 0.01) but failed to do so when hyperglycemia resulted from insulin deficiency in IDDM. |
| 16699 | 10953502 | As the lens does not depend on insulin, cataract formation is induced by hyperglycaemia both in IDDM and NIDDM patients. |
| 16700 | 10963820 | We report a case of chronic hepatitis C presenting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with various autoantibodies including possible anti-insulin receptor antibody (AIRA) during interferon (IFN) therapy. |
| 16701 | 10963820 | Administration of IFN was stopped and insulin treatment was started, but plasma glucose level was not controlled well. |
| 16702 | 10963820 | It is likely that IFN therapy induced the immunological disturbance and resulted in occurrence of various autoantibodies and IDDM in the patient. |
| 16703 | 10963820 | We report a case of chronic hepatitis C presenting insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) associated with various autoantibodies including possible anti-insulin receptor antibody (AIRA) during interferon (IFN) therapy. |
| 16704 | 10963820 | Administration of IFN was stopped and insulin treatment was started, but plasma glucose level was not controlled well. |
| 16705 | 10963820 | It is likely that IFN therapy induced the immunological disturbance and resulted in occurrence of various autoantibodies and IDDM in the patient. |
| 16706 | 10975839 | Beta 57-Asp plays an essential role in the unique SDS stability of HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC allele associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16707 | 10975839 | Studies of the stability of HLA-DQ have revealed a correlation between SDS stability of MHC class II alphabeta dimers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility. |
| 16708 | 10975839 | The MHC class II alphabeta dimer encoded by HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 (DQ0602), which is a dominant protective allele in IDDM, exhibits the greatest SDS stability among HLA-DQ molecules in EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells and PBLs. |
| 16709 | 10975839 | Beta 57-Asp plays an essential role in the unique SDS stability of HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 alpha beta protein dimer, the class II MHC allele associated with protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16710 | 10975839 | Studies of the stability of HLA-DQ have revealed a correlation between SDS stability of MHC class II alphabeta dimers and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility. |
| 16711 | 10975839 | The MHC class II alphabeta dimer encoded by HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 (DQ0602), which is a dominant protective allele in IDDM, exhibits the greatest SDS stability among HLA-DQ molecules in EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells and PBLs. |
| 16712 | 10981422 | The prevalence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) among adults in two Moscow okrugs was studied. |
| 16713 | 10987645 | Genetic contribution of the BAT2 gene microsatellite polymorphism to the age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16714 | 10987645 | We investigated the frequency of the BAT2 microsatellite alleles (BAT2) in 74 young-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 51 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 85 normal control subjects, and assessed the associations among these BAT2 alleles, TNFa microsatellite alleles (TNFa), and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16715 | 10987645 | The BAT2.9 allele was strongly associated with TNFa9 in the young-onset IDDM patients, although no association was found between the BAT2.9 and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16716 | 10987645 | These results suggest that the BAT2 microsatellite polymorphism is associated with the age-at-onset of IDDM and possibly with the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta-cell destruction during the development of IDDM. |
| 16717 | 10987645 | Genetic contribution of the BAT2 gene microsatellite polymorphism to the age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16718 | 10987645 | We investigated the frequency of the BAT2 microsatellite alleles (BAT2) in 74 young-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 51 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 85 normal control subjects, and assessed the associations among these BAT2 alleles, TNFa microsatellite alleles (TNFa), and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16719 | 10987645 | The BAT2.9 allele was strongly associated with TNFa9 in the young-onset IDDM patients, although no association was found between the BAT2.9 and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16720 | 10987645 | These results suggest that the BAT2 microsatellite polymorphism is associated with the age-at-onset of IDDM and possibly with the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta-cell destruction during the development of IDDM. |
| 16721 | 10987645 | Genetic contribution of the BAT2 gene microsatellite polymorphism to the age-at-onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16722 | 10987645 | We investigated the frequency of the BAT2 microsatellite alleles (BAT2) in 74 young-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 51 adult-onset IDDM patients, and 85 normal control subjects, and assessed the associations among these BAT2 alleles, TNFa microsatellite alleles (TNFa), and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16723 | 10987645 | The BAT2.9 allele was strongly associated with TNFa9 in the young-onset IDDM patients, although no association was found between the BAT2.9 and HLA-DRB1 alleles. |
| 16724 | 10987645 | These results suggest that the BAT2 microsatellite polymorphism is associated with the age-at-onset of IDDM and possibly with the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta-cell destruction during the development of IDDM. |
| 16725 | 10987675 | Insulin-like growth factor-I and diabetes. |
| 16726 | 10987675 | Although diabetes is a heterogeneous condition, IGF-I has been shown to improve glycaemic control and reduce insulin requirements in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 16727 | 10987675 | In IDDM, the therapeutic rationale for IGF-I is as a replacement therapy "topping up" low circulating IGF-I levels. |
| 16728 | 10987675 | At high doses, IGF-I may mimic insulin, but at levels resulting in unacceptable "acromegalic" IGF-I levels and side-effects. |
| 16729 | 10987675 | The most exciting data concerning IGF-I is with a low dose where IGF-I improves insulin sensitivity by an unknown mechanism. |
| 16730 | 10987675 | This may be mediated via the IGF-I receptor, by cross-reactivity with the insulin receptor, or by activation of hybrid receptors. |
| 16731 | 10987675 | Detailed genetic characterization of these syndromes following treatment with IGF-I may also help to characterize the mechanism of action of IGF-I and its interactions with the insulin receptor. |
| 16732 | 10987675 | Insulin-like growth factor-I and diabetes. |
| 16733 | 10987675 | Although diabetes is a heterogeneous condition, IGF-I has been shown to improve glycaemic control and reduce insulin requirements in both IDDM and NIDDM. |
| 16734 | 10987675 | In IDDM, the therapeutic rationale for IGF-I is as a replacement therapy "topping up" low circulating IGF-I levels. |
| 16735 | 10987675 | At high doses, IGF-I may mimic insulin, but at levels resulting in unacceptable "acromegalic" IGF-I levels and side-effects. |
| 16736 | 10987675 | The most exciting data concerning IGF-I is with a low dose where IGF-I improves insulin sensitivity by an unknown mechanism. |
| 16737 | 10987675 | This may be mediated via the IGF-I receptor, by cross-reactivity with the insulin receptor, or by activation of hybrid receptors. |
| 16738 | 10987675 | Detailed genetic characterization of these syndromes following treatment with IGF-I may also help to characterize the mechanism of action of IGF-I and its interactions with the insulin receptor. |
| 16739 | 11000869 | The study was performed on 31 diabetic patients of both sexes, divided in 2 groups: group I--17 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and group II--14 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and compared with a control group of 16 non-diabetic subjects. |
| 16740 | 11000868 | They were divided in 2 groups: patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and compared with a group of control non-diabetic subjects. |
| 16741 | 11021593 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 16742 | 11024583 | Some environmental and genetic factors play important roles in etiopathogenesis of type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16743 | 11024583 | HLA genes, the IDDM1 locus located the human chromosome 6, were found to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16744 | 11024583 | To study detailed molecular structure of class II HLA molecules and disease association, we examined several amino acid residues on DQalpha and DQbeta chains and the molecular mechanisms to explain the heterozygotic effect of the DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 in the Chinese population. |
| 16745 | 11024583 | Among the several class II alleles, a closer segregation of HLA-DQB1*0401 to the affected persons might suggest that HLA-DQB1*0401 itself or an allele closely linked to the DQB1 locus was the IDDM-predisposing allele in Taiwanese. |
| 16746 | 11024583 | For IDDM2 (INS) region, association with IDDM was not found due to that more than 90% of the population carried class I alleles. |
| 16747 | 11024583 | Some environmental and genetic factors play important roles in etiopathogenesis of type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16748 | 11024583 | HLA genes, the IDDM1 locus located the human chromosome 6, were found to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16749 | 11024583 | To study detailed molecular structure of class II HLA molecules and disease association, we examined several amino acid residues on DQalpha and DQbeta chains and the molecular mechanisms to explain the heterozygotic effect of the DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 in the Chinese population. |
| 16750 | 11024583 | Among the several class II alleles, a closer segregation of HLA-DQB1*0401 to the affected persons might suggest that HLA-DQB1*0401 itself or an allele closely linked to the DQB1 locus was the IDDM-predisposing allele in Taiwanese. |
| 16751 | 11024583 | For IDDM2 (INS) region, association with IDDM was not found due to that more than 90% of the population carried class I alleles. |
| 16752 | 11024583 | Some environmental and genetic factors play important roles in etiopathogenesis of type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16753 | 11024583 | HLA genes, the IDDM1 locus located the human chromosome 6, were found to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16754 | 11024583 | To study detailed molecular structure of class II HLA molecules and disease association, we examined several amino acid residues on DQalpha and DQbeta chains and the molecular mechanisms to explain the heterozygotic effect of the DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 in the Chinese population. |
| 16755 | 11024583 | Among the several class II alleles, a closer segregation of HLA-DQB1*0401 to the affected persons might suggest that HLA-DQB1*0401 itself or an allele closely linked to the DQB1 locus was the IDDM-predisposing allele in Taiwanese. |
| 16756 | 11024583 | For IDDM2 (INS) region, association with IDDM was not found due to that more than 90% of the population carried class I alleles. |
| 16757 | 11024583 | Some environmental and genetic factors play important roles in etiopathogenesis of type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16758 | 11024583 | HLA genes, the IDDM1 locus located the human chromosome 6, were found to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 16759 | 11024583 | To study detailed molecular structure of class II HLA molecules and disease association, we examined several amino acid residues on DQalpha and DQbeta chains and the molecular mechanisms to explain the heterozygotic effect of the DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 in the Chinese population. |
| 16760 | 11024583 | Among the several class II alleles, a closer segregation of HLA-DQB1*0401 to the affected persons might suggest that HLA-DQB1*0401 itself or an allele closely linked to the DQB1 locus was the IDDM-predisposing allele in Taiwanese. |
| 16761 | 11024583 | For IDDM2 (INS) region, association with IDDM was not found due to that more than 90% of the population carried class I alleles. |
| 16762 | 11035111 | Human monoclonal antibodies isolated from type I diabetes patients define multiple epitopes in the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 antigen. |
| 16763 | 11035111 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 autoantigen is one of the major targets of humoral autoimmunity in patients with insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16764 | 11035111 | In an effort to define the epitopes recognized by autoantibodies against IA-2, we generated five human mAbs (hAbs) from peripheral B lymphocytes isolated from patients most of whom had been recently diagnosed for IDDM. |
| 16765 | 11035111 | Determination and fine mapping of the critical regions for autoantibody binding was performed by RIA using mutant and chimeric constructs of IA-2- and IA-2beta-regions. |
| 16766 | 11035111 | Four of the five IgG autoantibodies recognized distinct epitopes within the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-like domain of IA-2. |
| 16767 | 11035111 | Two of these hAbs cross-reacted with the related IA-2beta PTP-like domain (IA-2beta aa 741-1033). |
| 16768 | 11035111 | Human monoclonal antibodies isolated from type I diabetes patients define multiple epitopes in the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 antigen. |
| 16769 | 11035111 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase-like IA-2 autoantigen is one of the major targets of humoral autoimmunity in patients with insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16770 | 11035111 | In an effort to define the epitopes recognized by autoantibodies against IA-2, we generated five human mAbs (hAbs) from peripheral B lymphocytes isolated from patients most of whom had been recently diagnosed for IDDM. |
| 16771 | 11035111 | Determination and fine mapping of the critical regions for autoantibody binding was performed by RIA using mutant and chimeric constructs of IA-2- and IA-2beta-regions. |
| 16772 | 11035111 | Four of the five IgG autoantibodies recognized distinct epitopes within the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-like domain of IA-2. |
| 16773 | 11035111 | Two of these hAbs cross-reacted with the related IA-2beta PTP-like domain (IA-2beta aa 741-1033). |
| 16774 | 11050183 | Autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs spontaneously in mice-bearing transgenes encoding the influenza hemagglutinin under the control of the rat insulin promoter and a T cell receptor specific for an hemagglutinin peptide associated with I-E(d). |
| 16775 | 11050183 | Such "double transgenic" mice expressing wild-type or targeted IL-4Ralpha genes were examined for the onset of IDDM. |
| 16776 | 11050183 | Thus, the inability to respond to IL-4 and/or IL-13 protects mice against IDDM in this model of autoimmunity. |
| 16777 | 11050183 | Autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs spontaneously in mice-bearing transgenes encoding the influenza hemagglutinin under the control of the rat insulin promoter and a T cell receptor specific for an hemagglutinin peptide associated with I-E(d). |
| 16778 | 11050183 | Such "double transgenic" mice expressing wild-type or targeted IL-4Ralpha genes were examined for the onset of IDDM. |
| 16779 | 11050183 | Thus, the inability to respond to IL-4 and/or IL-13 protects mice against IDDM in this model of autoimmunity. |
| 16780 | 11050183 | Autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) occurs spontaneously in mice-bearing transgenes encoding the influenza hemagglutinin under the control of the rat insulin promoter and a T cell receptor specific for an hemagglutinin peptide associated with I-E(d). |
| 16781 | 11050183 | Such "double transgenic" mice expressing wild-type or targeted IL-4Ralpha genes were examined for the onset of IDDM. |
| 16782 | 11050183 | Thus, the inability to respond to IL-4 and/or IL-13 protects mice against IDDM in this model of autoimmunity. |
| 16783 | 11052951 | The effects of pregnancy and type 1 diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] on protein metabolism are still uncertain. |
| 16784 | 11052951 | Whole body protein breakdown (leucine) increased in pregnancy [change in normal (delta N) and IDDM women (delta D) 0.59 +/- 0.40 and 0.48 +/- 0.26 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001], whereas reductions in protein breakdown due to insulin/amino acids (delta N -0.57 +/- 0.19, delta D -0.58 +/- 0.20 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001) were unaffected by pregnancy. |
| 16785 | 11052951 | Protein breakdown in IDDM women was not higher than normal, and neither pregnancy nor type 1 diabetes altered the insulin sensitivity of amino acid turnover. |
| 16786 | 11052951 | The effects of pregnancy and type 1 diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] on protein metabolism are still uncertain. |
| 16787 | 11052951 | Whole body protein breakdown (leucine) increased in pregnancy [change in normal (delta N) and IDDM women (delta D) 0.59 +/- 0.40 and 0.48 +/- 0.26 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001], whereas reductions in protein breakdown due to insulin/amino acids (delta N -0.57 +/- 0.19, delta D -0.58 +/- 0.20 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001) were unaffected by pregnancy. |
| 16788 | 11052951 | Protein breakdown in IDDM women was not higher than normal, and neither pregnancy nor type 1 diabetes altered the insulin sensitivity of amino acid turnover. |
| 16789 | 11052951 | The effects of pregnancy and type 1 diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] on protein metabolism are still uncertain. |
| 16790 | 11052951 | Whole body protein breakdown (leucine) increased in pregnancy [change in normal (delta N) and IDDM women (delta D) 0.59 +/- 0.40 and 0.48 +/- 0.26 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001], whereas reductions in protein breakdown due to insulin/amino acids (delta N -0.57 +/- 0.19, delta D -0.58 +/- 0.20 g. kg(-1). day(-1), both P < 0.001) were unaffected by pregnancy. |
| 16791 | 11052951 | Protein breakdown in IDDM women was not higher than normal, and neither pregnancy nor type 1 diabetes altered the insulin sensitivity of amino acid turnover. |
| 16792 | 11064106 | The alterations of soluble L-selectin have been found not only in overt but also in the preclinical stage of disease development and were independent from the presence of ICA - a marker of ongoing autoimmunity, but associated with HLA related genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16793 | 11064106 | It was also shown that there is an association between T668C mutation and low HLA related risk of IDDM development, the highest frequency of F206L mutation in the EGF domain of L-selectin was observed in relatives with 'protective' HLA DQB1*0602 allele and nonDRB1*03-nonDRB1*04 haplotype, while in subjects with highest risk of IDDM haplotype the frequency of T668C mutation was similar to the controls. |
| 16794 | 11064106 | The alterations of soluble L-selectin have been found not only in overt but also in the preclinical stage of disease development and were independent from the presence of ICA - a marker of ongoing autoimmunity, but associated with HLA related genetic predisposition to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16795 | 11064106 | It was also shown that there is an association between T668C mutation and low HLA related risk of IDDM development, the highest frequency of F206L mutation in the EGF domain of L-selectin was observed in relatives with 'protective' HLA DQB1*0602 allele and nonDRB1*03-nonDRB1*04 haplotype, while in subjects with highest risk of IDDM haplotype the frequency of T668C mutation was similar to the controls. |
| 16796 | 11065248 | Laboratory findings indicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with Graves' disease. |
| 16797 | 11070077 | Unusual DNA structure of the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 and its effect on transcription by the insulin promoter factor Pur-1/MAZ. |
| 16798 | 11070077 | One of the loci responsible for genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR, also known as IDDM2). |
| 16799 | 11070077 | This ability to form G-quartets raises the intriguing possibility that transcriptional activity of the insulin gene may in fact be influenced by the quaternary DNA topology of the ILPR. |
| 16800 | 11070077 | We now show that single nucleotide differences in the ILPR known to affect insulin transcription are correlated with ability to form unusual DNA structures. |
| 16801 | 11070077 | Through the design and testing of two high transcriptional activity ILPR repeats, we demonstrate that both inter- and intramolecular G-quartet formation in the ILPR can influence transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene, and thus, may contribute to that portion of diabetes susceptibility attributed to the IDDM2 locus. |
| 16802 | 11070077 | Unusual DNA structure of the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 and its effect on transcription by the insulin promoter factor Pur-1/MAZ. |
| 16803 | 11070077 | One of the loci responsible for genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR, also known as IDDM2). |
| 16804 | 11070077 | This ability to form G-quartets raises the intriguing possibility that transcriptional activity of the insulin gene may in fact be influenced by the quaternary DNA topology of the ILPR. |
| 16805 | 11070077 | We now show that single nucleotide differences in the ILPR known to affect insulin transcription are correlated with ability to form unusual DNA structures. |
| 16806 | 11070077 | Through the design and testing of two high transcriptional activity ILPR repeats, we demonstrate that both inter- and intramolecular G-quartet formation in the ILPR can influence transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene, and thus, may contribute to that portion of diabetes susceptibility attributed to the IDDM2 locus. |
| 16807 | 11070077 | Unusual DNA structure of the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 and its effect on transcription by the insulin promoter factor Pur-1/MAZ. |
| 16808 | 11070077 | One of the loci responsible for genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR, also known as IDDM2). |
| 16809 | 11070077 | This ability to form G-quartets raises the intriguing possibility that transcriptional activity of the insulin gene may in fact be influenced by the quaternary DNA topology of the ILPR. |
| 16810 | 11070077 | We now show that single nucleotide differences in the ILPR known to affect insulin transcription are correlated with ability to form unusual DNA structures. |
| 16811 | 11070077 | Through the design and testing of two high transcriptional activity ILPR repeats, we demonstrate that both inter- and intramolecular G-quartet formation in the ILPR can influence transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene, and thus, may contribute to that portion of diabetes susceptibility attributed to the IDDM2 locus. |
| 16812 | 11070077 | Unusual DNA structure of the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 and its effect on transcription by the insulin promoter factor Pur-1/MAZ. |
| 16813 | 11070077 | One of the loci responsible for genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR, also known as IDDM2). |
| 16814 | 11070077 | This ability to form G-quartets raises the intriguing possibility that transcriptional activity of the insulin gene may in fact be influenced by the quaternary DNA topology of the ILPR. |
| 16815 | 11070077 | We now show that single nucleotide differences in the ILPR known to affect insulin transcription are correlated with ability to form unusual DNA structures. |
| 16816 | 11070077 | Through the design and testing of two high transcriptional activity ILPR repeats, we demonstrate that both inter- and intramolecular G-quartet formation in the ILPR can influence transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene, and thus, may contribute to that portion of diabetes susceptibility attributed to the IDDM2 locus. |
| 16817 | 11070077 | Unusual DNA structure of the diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM2 and its effect on transcription by the insulin promoter factor Pur-1/MAZ. |
| 16818 | 11070077 | One of the loci responsible for genetic susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the insulin-linked polymorphic region (ILPR, also known as IDDM2). |
| 16819 | 11070077 | This ability to form G-quartets raises the intriguing possibility that transcriptional activity of the insulin gene may in fact be influenced by the quaternary DNA topology of the ILPR. |
| 16820 | 11070077 | We now show that single nucleotide differences in the ILPR known to affect insulin transcription are correlated with ability to form unusual DNA structures. |
| 16821 | 11070077 | Through the design and testing of two high transcriptional activity ILPR repeats, we demonstrate that both inter- and intramolecular G-quartet formation in the ILPR can influence transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene, and thus, may contribute to that portion of diabetes susceptibility attributed to the IDDM2 locus. |
| 16822 | 11091124 | The disease is due to a primary defect in glucose tolerance and carbohydrate metabolism resulting from either a deficiency of insulin (Insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus - IDDM) or a state of insulin resistance (Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus - NIDDM). |
| 16823 | 11091270 | Here we describe the presence of IgG antibodies, in the sera of patients presenting with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), that react in Western blots with a 60-kD protein (Mr 60K) from rat hepatic microsomal extracts. |
| 16824 | 11091270 | A polyclonal antisera to rat Glut-2 used in the liver microsome Western blot identified a 60-kD band superimposable upon that evidenced by IDDM sera. |
| 16825 | 11091270 | Using protein extracts from a rat insulinoma cell line (RIN) transfected with the human Glut-2 cDNA, further evidence was obtained suggesting that these IDDM IgGs are specific for the human Glut-2 transporter. |
| 16826 | 11091270 | Here we describe the presence of IgG antibodies, in the sera of patients presenting with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), that react in Western blots with a 60-kD protein (Mr 60K) from rat hepatic microsomal extracts. |
| 16827 | 11091270 | A polyclonal antisera to rat Glut-2 used in the liver microsome Western blot identified a 60-kD band superimposable upon that evidenced by IDDM sera. |
| 16828 | 11091270 | Using protein extracts from a rat insulinoma cell line (RIN) transfected with the human Glut-2 cDNA, further evidence was obtained suggesting that these IDDM IgGs are specific for the human Glut-2 transporter. |
| 16829 | 11091270 | Here we describe the presence of IgG antibodies, in the sera of patients presenting with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), that react in Western blots with a 60-kD protein (Mr 60K) from rat hepatic microsomal extracts. |
| 16830 | 11091270 | A polyclonal antisera to rat Glut-2 used in the liver microsome Western blot identified a 60-kD band superimposable upon that evidenced by IDDM sera. |
| 16831 | 11091270 | Using protein extracts from a rat insulinoma cell line (RIN) transfected with the human Glut-2 cDNA, further evidence was obtained suggesting that these IDDM IgGs are specific for the human Glut-2 transporter. |
| 16832 | 11091663 | BACKGROUND: The benign breast disease sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis is thought to result from autoimmune diseases causing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) due to insulinitis. |
| 16833 | 11092695 | Presence of interleukin 4 or interleukin 10, but not both cytokines, in pancreatic tissue of two patients with recently diagnosed diabetes mellitus type I. |
| 16834 | 11092695 | However, IL-4 (but not IL-10) cDNA, was amplified from the pancreas of Case 1. |
| 16835 | 11092695 | Conversely, IL-10 (but not IL-4) cDNA was amplified from the the pancreas of Case 2. |
| 16836 | 11092695 | The control pancreas yielded specific signals for both IL-4 and IL-10. |
| 16837 | 11092695 | Moreover, together with previous observations, our findings raise the possibility that the lack of both IL-4 and IL-10 may be associated with the development of IDDM in humans. |
| 16838 | 11092698 | Dual-label immunohistochemical study of interleukin-4-and interferon-gamma-expressing cells within the pancreas of the NOD mouse during disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide. |
| 16839 | 11092698 | Beta cell destruction has been shown to occur when rodent or human islets are exposed in vitro to inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). |
| 16840 | 11092698 | Other cytokines such as interleukin-4 (IL-4) or interleukin-10 (IL-10), when given to NOD mice, prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16841 | 11092698 | In this study, we have employed immunofluorescence histochemistry to study the expression of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the pancreas of female NOD mice at various time-points (days 0, 4, 7, 11 and at onset of diabetes) following disease acceleration with cyclophosphamide (Cy). |
| 16842 | 11092698 | Our results demonstrate that during Cy-induced diabetes, there is increasing expression of both IL-4 and IFN-gamma in specific immune cells within the inflamed islets in the late prediabetic stage and at onset of diabetes. |
| 16843 | 11095448 | Growth and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at the onset of disease: evidence for normal growth, age dependency of the IGF system alterations, and presence of a small (approximately 18-kilodalton) IGF-binding protein-3 fragment in serum. |
| 16844 | 11095448 | Data on growth of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before the onset of disease are conflicting, and although the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has almost invariably been found altered at diagnosis, most of previous studies are affected by the small number of patients investigated. |
| 16845 | 11095448 | Furthermore, we assessed serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and IGFBP-3 circulating forms. |
| 16846 | 11095448 | Overall, IDDM children showed reduced levels of IGF-I (mean +/- SD, -0.65+/-1.9 z-score) and normal levels of IGF-II (mean +/- SD, -0.05+/-1.2 z-score) and IGFBP-3 (mean +/- SD, -0.06+/-1.2 z-score). |
| 16847 | 11095448 | However, whereas patients younger than 6 yr showed normal values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3, these peptides were significantly reduced in older subjects compared with either younger IDDM children or controls (P < 0.01). |
| 16848 | 11095448 | IGFBP-3 immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of an approximately 18-kDa fragment of IGFBP-3 in addition to the major approximately 29-kDa fragment and the intact form (approximately 42-39 kDa) in 46 of 60 IDDM patients, whereas the approximately 18-kDa band was absent in all 34 control sera. |
| 16849 | 11095448 | In conclusion, our results indicate that IDDM children at the onset of disease are not taller than healthy peers and have increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. |
| 16850 | 11095448 | Growth and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at the onset of disease: evidence for normal growth, age dependency of the IGF system alterations, and presence of a small (approximately 18-kilodalton) IGF-binding protein-3 fragment in serum. |
| 16851 | 11095448 | Data on growth of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before the onset of disease are conflicting, and although the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has almost invariably been found altered at diagnosis, most of previous studies are affected by the small number of patients investigated. |
| 16852 | 11095448 | Furthermore, we assessed serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and IGFBP-3 circulating forms. |
| 16853 | 11095448 | Overall, IDDM children showed reduced levels of IGF-I (mean +/- SD, -0.65+/-1.9 z-score) and normal levels of IGF-II (mean +/- SD, -0.05+/-1.2 z-score) and IGFBP-3 (mean +/- SD, -0.06+/-1.2 z-score). |
| 16854 | 11095448 | However, whereas patients younger than 6 yr showed normal values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3, these peptides were significantly reduced in older subjects compared with either younger IDDM children or controls (P < 0.01). |
| 16855 | 11095448 | IGFBP-3 immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of an approximately 18-kDa fragment of IGFBP-3 in addition to the major approximately 29-kDa fragment and the intact form (approximately 42-39 kDa) in 46 of 60 IDDM patients, whereas the approximately 18-kDa band was absent in all 34 control sera. |
| 16856 | 11095448 | In conclusion, our results indicate that IDDM children at the onset of disease are not taller than healthy peers and have increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. |
| 16857 | 11095448 | Growth and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at the onset of disease: evidence for normal growth, age dependency of the IGF system alterations, and presence of a small (approximately 18-kilodalton) IGF-binding protein-3 fragment in serum. |
| 16858 | 11095448 | Data on growth of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before the onset of disease are conflicting, and although the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has almost invariably been found altered at diagnosis, most of previous studies are affected by the small number of patients investigated. |
| 16859 | 11095448 | Furthermore, we assessed serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and IGFBP-3 circulating forms. |
| 16860 | 11095448 | Overall, IDDM children showed reduced levels of IGF-I (mean +/- SD, -0.65+/-1.9 z-score) and normal levels of IGF-II (mean +/- SD, -0.05+/-1.2 z-score) and IGFBP-3 (mean +/- SD, -0.06+/-1.2 z-score). |
| 16861 | 11095448 | However, whereas patients younger than 6 yr showed normal values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3, these peptides were significantly reduced in older subjects compared with either younger IDDM children or controls (P < 0.01). |
| 16862 | 11095448 | IGFBP-3 immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of an approximately 18-kDa fragment of IGFBP-3 in addition to the major approximately 29-kDa fragment and the intact form (approximately 42-39 kDa) in 46 of 60 IDDM patients, whereas the approximately 18-kDa band was absent in all 34 control sera. |
| 16863 | 11095448 | In conclusion, our results indicate that IDDM children at the onset of disease are not taller than healthy peers and have increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. |
| 16864 | 11095448 | Growth and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at the onset of disease: evidence for normal growth, age dependency of the IGF system alterations, and presence of a small (approximately 18-kilodalton) IGF-binding protein-3 fragment in serum. |
| 16865 | 11095448 | Data on growth of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before the onset of disease are conflicting, and although the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has almost invariably been found altered at diagnosis, most of previous studies are affected by the small number of patients investigated. |
| 16866 | 11095448 | Furthermore, we assessed serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and IGFBP-3 circulating forms. |
| 16867 | 11095448 | Overall, IDDM children showed reduced levels of IGF-I (mean +/- SD, -0.65+/-1.9 z-score) and normal levels of IGF-II (mean +/- SD, -0.05+/-1.2 z-score) and IGFBP-3 (mean +/- SD, -0.06+/-1.2 z-score). |
| 16868 | 11095448 | However, whereas patients younger than 6 yr showed normal values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3, these peptides were significantly reduced in older subjects compared with either younger IDDM children or controls (P < 0.01). |
| 16869 | 11095448 | IGFBP-3 immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of an approximately 18-kDa fragment of IGFBP-3 in addition to the major approximately 29-kDa fragment and the intact form (approximately 42-39 kDa) in 46 of 60 IDDM patients, whereas the approximately 18-kDa band was absent in all 34 control sera. |
| 16870 | 11095448 | In conclusion, our results indicate that IDDM children at the onset of disease are not taller than healthy peers and have increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. |
| 16871 | 11095448 | Growth and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at the onset of disease: evidence for normal growth, age dependency of the IGF system alterations, and presence of a small (approximately 18-kilodalton) IGF-binding protein-3 fragment in serum. |
| 16872 | 11095448 | Data on growth of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before the onset of disease are conflicting, and although the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has almost invariably been found altered at diagnosis, most of previous studies are affected by the small number of patients investigated. |
| 16873 | 11095448 | Furthermore, we assessed serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels and IGFBP-3 circulating forms. |
| 16874 | 11095448 | Overall, IDDM children showed reduced levels of IGF-I (mean +/- SD, -0.65+/-1.9 z-score) and normal levels of IGF-II (mean +/- SD, -0.05+/-1.2 z-score) and IGFBP-3 (mean +/- SD, -0.06+/-1.2 z-score). |
| 16875 | 11095448 | However, whereas patients younger than 6 yr showed normal values of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3, these peptides were significantly reduced in older subjects compared with either younger IDDM children or controls (P < 0.01). |
| 16876 | 11095448 | IGFBP-3 immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of an approximately 18-kDa fragment of IGFBP-3 in addition to the major approximately 29-kDa fragment and the intact form (approximately 42-39 kDa) in 46 of 60 IDDM patients, whereas the approximately 18-kDa band was absent in all 34 control sera. |
| 16877 | 11095448 | In conclusion, our results indicate that IDDM children at the onset of disease are not taller than healthy peers and have increased IGFBP-3 proteolytic activity. |
| 16878 | 11098934 | Norwegian babies born with the HLA-DRB1*0401-DQA1*03-DQB1*0302/DRB1*03-DQA1+ ++*05-DQB1*0201 genotype have an estimated 17% lifetime risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16879 | 11115836 | The insulin minisatellite or variable number of tandem repeats locus (INS VNTR) is the best candidate for the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) susceptibility locus IDDM2. |
| 16880 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16881 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16882 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16883 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16884 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16885 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16886 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16887 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16888 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16889 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16890 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16891 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16892 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16893 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16894 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16895 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16896 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16897 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16898 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16899 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16900 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16901 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16902 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16903 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16904 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16905 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16906 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16907 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16908 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16909 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16910 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16911 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16912 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16913 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16914 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16915 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16916 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16917 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16918 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16919 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16920 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16921 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16922 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16923 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16924 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16925 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16926 | 11120794 | We now report that T cell responses to IA-2 can also be detected in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. |
| 16927 | 11120794 | Cytokine secretion in response to purified mouse rIA-2, characterized by high IFN-gamma and relatively low IL-10 and IL-6 secretion, was elicited in spleen cells from unprimed NOD mice. |
| 16928 | 11120794 | Conversely, no response to IA-2 was induced in spleen cells from BALB/c, C57BL/6, or Biozzi AB/H mice that express, like NOD, the I-A(g7) class II molecule, but are not susceptible to spontaneous IDDM. |
| 16929 | 11120794 | The IA-2-induced IFN-gamma response in NOD spleen cells could already be detected at 3 wk and peaked at 8 wk of age, whereas the IL-10 secretion was maximal at 4 wk of age and then waned. |
| 16930 | 11120794 | IA-2-dependent IFN-gamma secretion was induced in CD4(+) cells from spleen as well as pancreatic and mesenteric lymph nodes. |
| 16931 | 11120794 | The biological relevance of the response to IA-2 is indicated by the enhanced IDDM following a single injection of the recombinant protein emulsified in IFA into 18-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16932 | 11120794 | In addition, IFN-gamma production in response to IA-2 and IDDM acceleration could be induced by IL-12 administration to 12-day-old NOD mice. |
| 16933 | 11120794 | These results identify IA-2 as an early T cell-inducing autoantigen in the NOD mouse and indicate a role for the IA-2-induced Th1 cell response in IDDM pathogenesis. |
| 16934 | 11132145 | Linkage and association was not found between the ICAM-1 K469E variation and type 1 diabetes in Danish patients (P(tdt)> or =0.48), and our data did not indicate an interaction between ICAM1 and IDDM1 in predisposition to type 1 diabetes in Danes (P=0.78). |
| 16935 | 11136257 | Genetic analysis of autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has focused on genes controlling immune functions, with little investigation of innate susceptibility determinants expressed at the level of target beta cells. |
| 16936 | 11136257 | ALR islets were found to be remarkably resistant to two different combinations of beta-cytotoxic cytokines (IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IFN-gamma) that destroyed islets from the related NOD and alloxan-susceptible strains. |
| 16937 | 11136257 | The close MHC relatedness between the NOD and ALR strains (H2-Kd and H2-Ag7 identical) allowed us to examine whether ALR islet cells could survive autoimmune destruction by NOD-derived Kd-restricted diabetogenic cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones (AI4 and the insulin-reactive G9C8 clones). |
| 16938 | 11145720 | Numerous immunostimulatory protocols inhibit the development of T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 16939 | 11145720 | Many of these protocols, including treatment with the nonspecific immunostimulatory agents CFA or bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, have been reported to mediate protection by skewing the pattern of cytokines produced by pancreatic beta-cell autoreactive T cells from a Th1 (IFN-gamma) to a Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) profile. |
| 16940 | 11145720 | To partially address this issue we produced NOD mice genetically deficient in IFN-gamma, IL-4, or IL-10. |
| 16941 | 11145720 | Additional experiments using these mice confirmed that CFA- or BCG-elicited diabetes protection is associated with a decreased IFN-gamma to IL-4 mRNA ratio within T cell-infiltrated pancreatic islets, but this is a secondary consequence rather than the cause of disease resistance. |
| 16942 | 11145720 | Unexpectedly, we also found that the ability of BCG and, to a lesser extent, CFA to inhibit IDDM development in standard NOD mice is actually dependent upon the presence of the Th1 cytokine, IFN-gamma. |
| 16943 | 11145720 | Numerous immunostimulatory protocols inhibit the development of T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 16944 | 11145720 | Many of these protocols, including treatment with the nonspecific immunostimulatory agents CFA or bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, have been reported to mediate protection by skewing the pattern of cytokines produced by pancreatic beta-cell autoreactive T cells from a Th1 (IFN-gamma) to a Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) profile. |
| 16945 | 11145720 | To partially address this issue we produced NOD mice genetically deficient in IFN-gamma, IL-4, or IL-10. |
| 16946 | 11145720 | Additional experiments using these mice confirmed that CFA- or BCG-elicited diabetes protection is associated with a decreased IFN-gamma to IL-4 mRNA ratio within T cell-infiltrated pancreatic islets, but this is a secondary consequence rather than the cause of disease resistance. |
| 16947 | 11145720 | Unexpectedly, we also found that the ability of BCG and, to a lesser extent, CFA to inhibit IDDM development in standard NOD mice is actually dependent upon the presence of the Th1 cytokine, IFN-gamma. |
| 16948 | 11160264 | In this study, we have investigated the use of plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccination to elicit Th2 effector cell function in an Ag-specific manner and in turn prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. pDNA recombinants were engineered encoding a secreted fusion protein consisting of a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) linked to IgGFc, and IL-4. |
| 16949 | 11160264 | Intramuscular injection of pDNA encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4 effectively prevented diabetes in NOD mice treated at early or late preclinical stages of IDDM. |
| 16950 | 11160264 | This protection was GAD65-specific since NOD mice immunized with pDNA encoding hen egg lysozyme-IgGFc and IL-4 continued to develop diabetes. |
| 16951 | 11160264 | Importantly, GAD65-specific immune deviation was dependent on pDNA-encoded IL-4. |
| 16952 | 11160264 | In fact, GAD65-specific Th1 cell reactivity was significantly enhanced in animals immunized with pDNA encoding only GAD65-IgGFc. |
| 16953 | 11160264 | In this study, we have investigated the use of plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccination to elicit Th2 effector cell function in an Ag-specific manner and in turn prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. pDNA recombinants were engineered encoding a secreted fusion protein consisting of a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) linked to IgGFc, and IL-4. |
| 16954 | 11160264 | Intramuscular injection of pDNA encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4 effectively prevented diabetes in NOD mice treated at early or late preclinical stages of IDDM. |
| 16955 | 11160264 | This protection was GAD65-specific since NOD mice immunized with pDNA encoding hen egg lysozyme-IgGFc and IL-4 continued to develop diabetes. |
| 16956 | 11160264 | Importantly, GAD65-specific immune deviation was dependent on pDNA-encoded IL-4. |
| 16957 | 11160264 | In fact, GAD65-specific Th1 cell reactivity was significantly enhanced in animals immunized with pDNA encoding only GAD65-IgGFc. |
| 16958 | 11168343 | Plasma lipids and urinary albumin excretion rate in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study. |
| 16959 | 11172025 | We identified a naturally presented autoantigen from the human islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase, 65-kDa isoform (GAD65), by using a combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry of peptides bound by the type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM)-associated HLA-DR4 molecule. |
| 16960 | 11172025 | Peptides encompassing this epitope-stimulated GAD65-specific T cells from diabetic patients and a DR4-positive individual at high risk for developing IDDM. |
| 16961 | 11172025 | This direct identification and manipulation of GAD65 epitope recognition provides an approach toward dissection of the complex CD4(+) T cell response in IDDM. |
| 16962 | 11172025 | We identified a naturally presented autoantigen from the human islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase, 65-kDa isoform (GAD65), by using a combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry of peptides bound by the type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM)-associated HLA-DR4 molecule. |
| 16963 | 11172025 | Peptides encompassing this epitope-stimulated GAD65-specific T cells from diabetic patients and a DR4-positive individual at high risk for developing IDDM. |
| 16964 | 11172025 | This direct identification and manipulation of GAD65 epitope recognition provides an approach toward dissection of the complex CD4(+) T cell response in IDDM. |
| 16965 | 11172025 | We identified a naturally presented autoantigen from the human islet antigen glutamic acid decarboxylase, 65-kDa isoform (GAD65), by using a combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry of peptides bound by the type I diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM)-associated HLA-DR4 molecule. |
| 16966 | 11172025 | Peptides encompassing this epitope-stimulated GAD65-specific T cells from diabetic patients and a DR4-positive individual at high risk for developing IDDM. |
| 16967 | 11172025 | This direct identification and manipulation of GAD65 epitope recognition provides an approach toward dissection of the complex CD4(+) T cell response in IDDM. |
| 16968 | 11175794 | Type 1 diabetes (T1D; or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is an autoimmune disease with both genetic and environmental components. |
| 16969 | 11175794 | We report here a new susceptibility locus, IDDM18, located near the interleukin-12 (IL-12)p40 gene, IL12B. |
| 16970 | 11175794 | The IL12B 3' UTR alleles showed different levels of expression in cell lines. |
| 16971 | 11203877 | The terms "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (IDDM) and "non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM) were dropped. |
| 16972 | 11205877 | Insulin restores neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 16973 | 11205877 | Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16974 | 11205877 | In an attempt to investigate the relation between insulin and NO in IDDM, the present study employed male Wistar rats to induce IDDM by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ). |
| 16975 | 11205877 | Insulin treatment reversed the nNOS activity. |
| 16976 | 11205877 | Similar reversion by insulin treatment was also obtained in the gene expression of nNOS. |
| 16977 | 11205877 | These findings indicated that an impairment of nNOS in the brain of rats with IDDM is mainly due to the absence of insulin. |
| 16978 | 11205877 | Insulin restores neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 16979 | 11205877 | Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16980 | 11205877 | In an attempt to investigate the relation between insulin and NO in IDDM, the present study employed male Wistar rats to induce IDDM by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ). |
| 16981 | 11205877 | Insulin treatment reversed the nNOS activity. |
| 16982 | 11205877 | Similar reversion by insulin treatment was also obtained in the gene expression of nNOS. |
| 16983 | 11205877 | These findings indicated that an impairment of nNOS in the brain of rats with IDDM is mainly due to the absence of insulin. |
| 16984 | 11205877 | Insulin restores neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 16985 | 11205877 | Nitric oxide (NO) is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of insulin-dependent diabetic mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16986 | 11205877 | In an attempt to investigate the relation between insulin and NO in IDDM, the present study employed male Wistar rats to induce IDDM by intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ). |
| 16987 | 11205877 | Insulin treatment reversed the nNOS activity. |
| 16988 | 11205877 | Similar reversion by insulin treatment was also obtained in the gene expression of nNOS. |
| 16989 | 11205877 | These findings indicated that an impairment of nNOS in the brain of rats with IDDM is mainly due to the absence of insulin. |
| 16990 | 11211056 | During the past 7 years the patient had developed various associated disorders including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), candidial esophagitis, multiple digestive tract ulcers and pyothorax. |
| 16991 | 11216638 | In an experimental model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the teleost fish, the goby Gillichthys mirabilis, an isletectomy procedure completely removes the pancreatic endocrine tissue without affecting the exocrine acini or other essential tissues. |
| 16992 | 11229442 | Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) may be involved in the destruction of pancreatic beta-cells during the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16993 | 11236144 | The article describes the results of examination of 42 patients with inflammatory periodontal disease (IPO) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 16994 | 11237130 | IgG and lgM AIA, anti-DNA antibodies (ADA) and anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies (ATA) were determined using ELISA in sera and B-lymphocytes culture media of 24 SLE patients, 10 healthy controls and 19 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 16995 | 11237226 | Polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the insulin gene (designated IDDM2), polymorphisms in cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene (IDDM12), and other genes are likely to contribute to diabetes risk and susceptibility in some individuals. |
| 16996 | 11237226 | In selected families, major diabetogenes (e.g., IDDM17, autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE)) are likely to be of importance. |
| 16997 | 11241886 | Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial disease in which the insulin producing beta-cells of the pancreas are destroyed by the immune system, a process determined by the activity of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T lymphocytes. |
| 16998 | 11241886 | The role of IDDM2, the insulin locus, has been questioned in Asia. |
| 16999 | 11247635 | Accumulating evidence suggests that CD4(+)T helper type 1 (Th1) cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 17000 | 11247635 | To investigate the role of IL-12 that is locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells in the development of IDDM, we generated transgenic NOD mice in which the IL-12 p40 homodimer, a natural antagonist of IL-12, was produced exclusively in islets without affecting the levels of IL-12 p40 in the systemic circulation. |
| 17001 | 11247635 | These results clearly demonstrate that IL-12 locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells plays a critical role in the development of IDDM. |
| 17002 | 11247635 | Accumulating evidence suggests that CD4(+)T helper type 1 (Th1) cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 17003 | 11247635 | To investigate the role of IL-12 that is locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells in the development of IDDM, we generated transgenic NOD mice in which the IL-12 p40 homodimer, a natural antagonist of IL-12, was produced exclusively in islets without affecting the levels of IL-12 p40 in the systemic circulation. |
| 17004 | 11247635 | These results clearly demonstrate that IL-12 locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells plays a critical role in the development of IDDM. |
| 17005 | 11247635 | Accumulating evidence suggests that CD4(+)T helper type 1 (Th1) cells play a major role in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse model. |
| 17006 | 11247635 | To investigate the role of IL-12 that is locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells in the development of IDDM, we generated transgenic NOD mice in which the IL-12 p40 homodimer, a natural antagonist of IL-12, was produced exclusively in islets without affecting the levels of IL-12 p40 in the systemic circulation. |
| 17007 | 11247635 | These results clearly demonstrate that IL-12 locally produced by islet-infiltrating cells plays a critical role in the development of IDDM. |
| 17008 | 11247636 | The genes conferring susceptibility to autoimmune (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are, in most cases, not defined. |
| 17009 | 11252341 | The protein binding of itraconazole and fluconazole in the serum of patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus was investigated in vitro. |
| 17010 | 11254515 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can lead to ventilatory depression and decreased sensitivity to hypercapnia. |
| 17011 | 11254515 | We examined relationships between ventilation, plasma insulin, leptin, ketones, and blood glucose levels in two mouse models of IDDM: (1) streptozotocin-induced diabetes in C57BL/6J mice on a regular diet or with induced obesity from a high fat diet; and (2) spontaneous diabetes mellitus in NOD-Ltj mice. |
| 17012 | 11254515 | This ventilatory depression was not associated with decreases in plasma insulin or leptin levels. |
| 17013 | 11254515 | These results suggest that: (1) depression of the HCVR in IDDM is associated with hyperglycemia and glycosylation of the diaphragm; and (2) the hyperventilation of DKA is leptin dependent. |
| 17014 | 11254515 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can lead to ventilatory depression and decreased sensitivity to hypercapnia. |
| 17015 | 11254515 | We examined relationships between ventilation, plasma insulin, leptin, ketones, and blood glucose levels in two mouse models of IDDM: (1) streptozotocin-induced diabetes in C57BL/6J mice on a regular diet or with induced obesity from a high fat diet; and (2) spontaneous diabetes mellitus in NOD-Ltj mice. |
| 17016 | 11254515 | This ventilatory depression was not associated with decreases in plasma insulin or leptin levels. |
| 17017 | 11254515 | These results suggest that: (1) depression of the HCVR in IDDM is associated with hyperglycemia and glycosylation of the diaphragm; and (2) the hyperventilation of DKA is leptin dependent. |
| 17018 | 11254515 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can lead to ventilatory depression and decreased sensitivity to hypercapnia. |
| 17019 | 11254515 | We examined relationships between ventilation, plasma insulin, leptin, ketones, and blood glucose levels in two mouse models of IDDM: (1) streptozotocin-induced diabetes in C57BL/6J mice on a regular diet or with induced obesity from a high fat diet; and (2) spontaneous diabetes mellitus in NOD-Ltj mice. |
| 17020 | 11254515 | This ventilatory depression was not associated with decreases in plasma insulin or leptin levels. |
| 17021 | 11254515 | These results suggest that: (1) depression of the HCVR in IDDM is associated with hyperglycemia and glycosylation of the diaphragm; and (2) the hyperventilation of DKA is leptin dependent. |
| 17022 | 11260509 | The association of HLA class II phenotype with the development of insulin-dependent (Type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well established but the contribution of the various HLA-DR and -DQ alleles and haplotypes to disease predisposition is not fully understood. |
| 17023 | 11264791 | In insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), for example, many "complications" such as atherosclerosis, premature arterial stiffening, senescence of fibroblasts in vitro, and exuberant growth of smooth muscle and mesangial cells in vivo are not strictly attributable to glucose elevation. |
| 17024 | 11271269 | The long-term effect of pancreatic and kidney transplantation (spkt) on blood viscosity, lipid metabolism and skin microcirculation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied because impaired rheological properties of blood may play a role in the development of diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy. 46 IDDM-patients (16 f/30 m; 23 +/- 34 y mean duration of diabetes; 60 +/- 14 mos mean follow up period) underwent spkt (Gr.I: n = 28) or solitary kidney (Gr.II: n = 18) transplantation, and were compared with healthy controls (C). |
| 17025 | 11271340 | Creatinine (CR) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) pretransplantation (pre-Tx) and at 1, 3, 5, and 12 months post-Tx were recorded, as well as incidences of hyperkalemia, post-Tx hypertension, and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in the two groups. |
| 17026 | 11274907 | Differential absorption and distribution of epidermal growth factor and insulin-like growth factor in diabetic NOD mice. |
| 17027 | 11274907 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model for spontaneous development of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), was evaluated for the absorption and systemic distribution of growth factors. |
| 17028 | 11274907 | Radiolabeled epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor, type I (IGF-I), were administered by gavage into the stomach or by lozenge into the sublingual vasculature of either diabetic or nondiabetic mice. |
| 17029 | 11284175 | Associations studies were attempted between the type of feeding, duration, and time of starting of solid foods in infancy and the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17030 | 11285254 | Conditional linkage disequilibrium analysis of a complex disease superlocus, IDDM1 in the HLA region, reveals the presence of independent modifying gene effects influencing the type 1 diabetes risk encoded by the major HLA-DQB1, -DRB1 disease loci. |
| 17031 | 11285254 | Its aetiology is underpinned by a major locus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 1 (IDDM1) in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region of chromosome 6p21, and an unknown number of loci of lesser individual effect. |
| 17032 | 11285254 | In linkage analyses IDDM1 is a single peak, but it is evident that the linkage is caused by allelic variation of three adjacent genes in a 75 kb region, namely the class II genes, HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1. |
| 17033 | 11285254 | We investigated, in the founder population of Sardinia, whether non-DQ/DR polymorphic markers within a 9.452 Mb region encompassing the whole HLA complex further influence the disease risk, after taking into account linkage disequilibrium with the disease loci HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1. |
| 17034 | 11285254 | These associations were not only independent of the polymorphic exon 2 sequences of HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1, but also independent of each other. |
| 17035 | 11285254 | Conditional linkage disequilibrium analysis of a complex disease superlocus, IDDM1 in the HLA region, reveals the presence of independent modifying gene effects influencing the type 1 diabetes risk encoded by the major HLA-DQB1, -DRB1 disease loci. |
| 17036 | 11285254 | Its aetiology is underpinned by a major locus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 1 (IDDM1) in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region of chromosome 6p21, and an unknown number of loci of lesser individual effect. |
| 17037 | 11285254 | In linkage analyses IDDM1 is a single peak, but it is evident that the linkage is caused by allelic variation of three adjacent genes in a 75 kb region, namely the class II genes, HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1. |
| 17038 | 11285254 | We investigated, in the founder population of Sardinia, whether non-DQ/DR polymorphic markers within a 9.452 Mb region encompassing the whole HLA complex further influence the disease risk, after taking into account linkage disequilibrium with the disease loci HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1. |
| 17039 | 11285254 | These associations were not only independent of the polymorphic exon 2 sequences of HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1, but also independent of each other. |
| 17040 | 11285254 | Conditional linkage disequilibrium analysis of a complex disease superlocus, IDDM1 in the HLA region, reveals the presence of independent modifying gene effects influencing the type 1 diabetes risk encoded by the major HLA-DQB1, -DRB1 disease loci. |
| 17041 | 11285254 | Its aetiology is underpinned by a major locus, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 1 (IDDM1) in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region of chromosome 6p21, and an unknown number of loci of lesser individual effect. |
| 17042 | 11285254 | In linkage analyses IDDM1 is a single peak, but it is evident that the linkage is caused by allelic variation of three adjacent genes in a 75 kb region, namely the class II genes, HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1. |
| 17043 | 11285254 | We investigated, in the founder population of Sardinia, whether non-DQ/DR polymorphic markers within a 9.452 Mb region encompassing the whole HLA complex further influence the disease risk, after taking into account linkage disequilibrium with the disease loci HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1. |
| 17044 | 11285254 | These associations were not only independent of the polymorphic exon 2 sequences of HLA-DQB1, -DQA1 and -DRB1, but also independent of each other. |
| 17045 | 11291603 | The aim of our study was to assess cardiac autonomic function in young subjects suffered from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with relatively short duration time of the disease. |
| 17046 | 11295472 | It has been postulated that variation in the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-encoded susceptibility alleles for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the genetic basis for variation in the incidence of the disease between populations. |
| 17047 | 11295472 | The aim of this study was to characterize HLA-encoded susceptibility to IDDM in Hungary and to identify whether HLA-DRB1/DQ-encoded susceptibility could account for the five times lower incidence of disease in Hungary compared with Finland. |
| 17048 | 11295472 | It has been postulated that variation in the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-encoded susceptibility alleles for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is the genetic basis for variation in the incidence of the disease between populations. |
| 17049 | 11295472 | The aim of this study was to characterize HLA-encoded susceptibility to IDDM in Hungary and to identify whether HLA-DRB1/DQ-encoded susceptibility could account for the five times lower incidence of disease in Hungary compared with Finland. |
| 17050 | 11298124 | Anti-BSA IgG and IgA antibodies were measured by ELISA technique in 3 different cohorts: 578 unselected persons, 84 new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and 103 atopic persons. |
| 17051 | 11306901 | In the present study, the family history of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type II (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus type I (IDDM) was evaluated in 106 women with GD, as compared to 189 women with IDDM. |
| 17052 | 11308044 | Improvement of HbA1c without increased hypoglycemia in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin. rhIGF-I in IDDM Study Group. |
| 17053 | 11312630 | Nitrotyrosine residues (NT), an index of oxidative stress arising from peroxynitrite formation and action, are found in placental vasculature of pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (PE) or pregestational insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17054 | 11313187 | Nowadays this type of disease is classified as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type II (APS type II) with an increased risk of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), vitiligo, alopecia, pernicious anaemia, coeliac disease, myasthenia gravis and primary hypogonadism. |
| 17055 | 11321233 | The role of Fas-FasL in CD8+ T-cell-mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17056 | 11322658 | Complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality; however, the mechanisms of their development are still to be elucidated. |
| 17057 | 11324686 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is an animal model of human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17058 | 11324686 | Cumulative evidence suggests that Thl CD4+ T cells play a critical role in the autoimmune process leading to beta cell destruction. |
| 17059 | 11324686 | In addition to CD4+ T cells, CD8+ cells and B cells also participate in the pathogenesis. |
| 17060 | 11324686 | There are several candidate antigens recognized by autoreactive T cells such as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), insulin and heat shock protein (HSP) 60. |
| 17061 | 11327378 | A better understanding of the remission phase, while residual beta-cell function is still present in recently diagnosed type 1 (insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is very important because of the potential for pharmacological intervention to preserve this function. |
| 17062 | 11327715 | Analysis of cross hybrids of diabetic BB/OK rats and rats of different diabetes-resistant strains has demonstrated that beside the MHC genes, Iddm1 and the lymphopenia, Iddm2, additional non-MHC genes are involved in diabetes development. |
| 17063 | 11327715 | To study the importance of the non-MHC genes, Iddm4 and Iddm3, two congenic BB.SHR rat strains were generated by recombining a segment of the SHR chromosome 6 (Iddm4; termed BB.6S; 15cM) or chromosome 18 (Iddm3; termed BB.18S; 24cM) into the BB/OK background by serial backcrossing and marker-aided selection. |
| 17064 | 11334485 | Coxsackievirus B4 (CB4) induces insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in mice resembling the final step of disease progression in humans. |
| 17065 | 11342238 | To test whether DNA is damaged in diabetes, peripheral blood samples were taken from 30 control individuals and 63 diabetic patients (15 insulin dependent (IDDM) and 48 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM)) and the alkaline comet assay was used to evaluate background levels of DNA damage. |
| 17066 | 11343230 | Heterozygous mutations of AIRE were identified in 3 patients: a patient with PBC and a patient with AIH type 1 carried a R257X mutation, and a patient with AIH type 2, diabetes mellitus type 1 (IDDM), thyroid disease, and atrophic gastritis carried a G305S mutation in the first PHD ring finger domain of the AIRE protein. |
| 17067 | 11344189 | Use of the ligand immunofunctional assay for human insulin-like growth factor ((IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to analyze IGFBP-3 proteolysis and igf-i bioavailability in healthy adults, GH-deficient and acromegalic patients, and diabetics. |
| 17068 | 11344189 | The ligand immunofunctional assay for plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 developed in our laboratory provides for specific measurement of intact, as opposed to proteolyzed, IGFBP-3. |
| 17069 | 11344189 | This assay was combined with assays for IGF-I (RIA of the ultrafiltrate) and total IGFBP-3 (immunoradiometric assay) to quantify the percentage of proteolyzed IGFBP-3 (percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3) and to calculate the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio as an index of the fraction of exchangeable IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3. |
| 17070 | 11344189 | Because GH and insulin control the hepatic production and plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, we set out to determine whether variations in the secretion of the two hormones are involved in the regulation of IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 17071 | 11344189 | The study included adult populations of 36 healthy subjects, 23 hypopituitary patients untreated with GH, 43 acromegalics (13 untreated), 42 insulin-treated type 1 diabetics [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] patients, and 50 type 2 diabetics [non-IDDM (NIDDM)] patients, 22 of whom were insulin-treated and the remaining 28 treated with sulfonylurea and/or metformin). |
| 17072 | 11344189 | Unlike IGF-I and (to a lesser extent) total IGFBP-3 levels, which decline with age, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 seemed relatively stable. |
| 17073 | 11344189 | In GH-deficient patients, despite severely depressed IGF-I levels, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios were within the normal range. |
| 17074 | 11344189 | In IDDM patients, the means for percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 were higher than those in healthy adults: 36.7 +/- 3.7 (P = 0.03) and 31.3 +/- 3.3 for subjects of less than 45 and more than 45 yr, respectively. |
| 17075 | 11344189 | Among the diabetics, increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis resulted in an IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio that was normal for IDDM patients of less than 45 yr and above normal (P = 0.01) for the others. |
| 17076 | 11344189 | Percentage proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio were inversely related to body mass index in IDDM patients (r = -0.42, P = 0.008; and r = -0.31, P = 0.05, respectively) and to percentage glycosylated hemoglobin in all insulin-treated diabetics (r = -0.25, P = 0.05; and r = -0.33, P = 0.008, respectively). |
| 17077 | 11344189 | There was also an inverse relationship between IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios and IGFBP-1 levels in healthy adults (r = -0.39, P = 0.03) and orally treated NIDDM patients (r = -0.37, P = 0.05). |
| 17078 | 11344189 | It was negatively correlated to IGF-I/total IGFBP-3 in healthy subjects (r = -0.40, P = 0.02) and diabetics (r = -0.30, P = 0.005). |
| 17079 | 11344189 | In the pathological conditions studied here, regulation of IGF-I bioavailability by limited proteolysis of IGFBP-3 contributes toward an appropriate adaptation to insulin deficiency and/or resistance but not to disturbances of GH secretion. |
| 17080 | 11344189 | Use of the ligand immunofunctional assay for human insulin-like growth factor ((IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to analyze IGFBP-3 proteolysis and igf-i bioavailability in healthy adults, GH-deficient and acromegalic patients, and diabetics. |
| 17081 | 11344189 | The ligand immunofunctional assay for plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 developed in our laboratory provides for specific measurement of intact, as opposed to proteolyzed, IGFBP-3. |
| 17082 | 11344189 | This assay was combined with assays for IGF-I (RIA of the ultrafiltrate) and total IGFBP-3 (immunoradiometric assay) to quantify the percentage of proteolyzed IGFBP-3 (percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3) and to calculate the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio as an index of the fraction of exchangeable IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3. |
| 17083 | 11344189 | Because GH and insulin control the hepatic production and plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, we set out to determine whether variations in the secretion of the two hormones are involved in the regulation of IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 17084 | 11344189 | The study included adult populations of 36 healthy subjects, 23 hypopituitary patients untreated with GH, 43 acromegalics (13 untreated), 42 insulin-treated type 1 diabetics [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] patients, and 50 type 2 diabetics [non-IDDM (NIDDM)] patients, 22 of whom were insulin-treated and the remaining 28 treated with sulfonylurea and/or metformin). |
| 17085 | 11344189 | Unlike IGF-I and (to a lesser extent) total IGFBP-3 levels, which decline with age, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 seemed relatively stable. |
| 17086 | 11344189 | In GH-deficient patients, despite severely depressed IGF-I levels, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios were within the normal range. |
| 17087 | 11344189 | In IDDM patients, the means for percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 were higher than those in healthy adults: 36.7 +/- 3.7 (P = 0.03) and 31.3 +/- 3.3 for subjects of less than 45 and more than 45 yr, respectively. |
| 17088 | 11344189 | Among the diabetics, increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis resulted in an IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio that was normal for IDDM patients of less than 45 yr and above normal (P = 0.01) for the others. |
| 17089 | 11344189 | Percentage proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio were inversely related to body mass index in IDDM patients (r = -0.42, P = 0.008; and r = -0.31, P = 0.05, respectively) and to percentage glycosylated hemoglobin in all insulin-treated diabetics (r = -0.25, P = 0.05; and r = -0.33, P = 0.008, respectively). |
| 17090 | 11344189 | There was also an inverse relationship between IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios and IGFBP-1 levels in healthy adults (r = -0.39, P = 0.03) and orally treated NIDDM patients (r = -0.37, P = 0.05). |
| 17091 | 11344189 | It was negatively correlated to IGF-I/total IGFBP-3 in healthy subjects (r = -0.40, P = 0.02) and diabetics (r = -0.30, P = 0.005). |
| 17092 | 11344189 | In the pathological conditions studied here, regulation of IGF-I bioavailability by limited proteolysis of IGFBP-3 contributes toward an appropriate adaptation to insulin deficiency and/or resistance but not to disturbances of GH secretion. |
| 17093 | 11344189 | Use of the ligand immunofunctional assay for human insulin-like growth factor ((IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to analyze IGFBP-3 proteolysis and igf-i bioavailability in healthy adults, GH-deficient and acromegalic patients, and diabetics. |
| 17094 | 11344189 | The ligand immunofunctional assay for plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 developed in our laboratory provides for specific measurement of intact, as opposed to proteolyzed, IGFBP-3. |
| 17095 | 11344189 | This assay was combined with assays for IGF-I (RIA of the ultrafiltrate) and total IGFBP-3 (immunoradiometric assay) to quantify the percentage of proteolyzed IGFBP-3 (percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3) and to calculate the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio as an index of the fraction of exchangeable IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3. |
| 17096 | 11344189 | Because GH and insulin control the hepatic production and plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, we set out to determine whether variations in the secretion of the two hormones are involved in the regulation of IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 17097 | 11344189 | The study included adult populations of 36 healthy subjects, 23 hypopituitary patients untreated with GH, 43 acromegalics (13 untreated), 42 insulin-treated type 1 diabetics [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] patients, and 50 type 2 diabetics [non-IDDM (NIDDM)] patients, 22 of whom were insulin-treated and the remaining 28 treated with sulfonylurea and/or metformin). |
| 17098 | 11344189 | Unlike IGF-I and (to a lesser extent) total IGFBP-3 levels, which decline with age, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 seemed relatively stable. |
| 17099 | 11344189 | In GH-deficient patients, despite severely depressed IGF-I levels, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios were within the normal range. |
| 17100 | 11344189 | In IDDM patients, the means for percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 were higher than those in healthy adults: 36.7 +/- 3.7 (P = 0.03) and 31.3 +/- 3.3 for subjects of less than 45 and more than 45 yr, respectively. |
| 17101 | 11344189 | Among the diabetics, increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis resulted in an IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio that was normal for IDDM patients of less than 45 yr and above normal (P = 0.01) for the others. |
| 17102 | 11344189 | Percentage proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio were inversely related to body mass index in IDDM patients (r = -0.42, P = 0.008; and r = -0.31, P = 0.05, respectively) and to percentage glycosylated hemoglobin in all insulin-treated diabetics (r = -0.25, P = 0.05; and r = -0.33, P = 0.008, respectively). |
| 17103 | 11344189 | There was also an inverse relationship between IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios and IGFBP-1 levels in healthy adults (r = -0.39, P = 0.03) and orally treated NIDDM patients (r = -0.37, P = 0.05). |
| 17104 | 11344189 | It was negatively correlated to IGF-I/total IGFBP-3 in healthy subjects (r = -0.40, P = 0.02) and diabetics (r = -0.30, P = 0.005). |
| 17105 | 11344189 | In the pathological conditions studied here, regulation of IGF-I bioavailability by limited proteolysis of IGFBP-3 contributes toward an appropriate adaptation to insulin deficiency and/or resistance but not to disturbances of GH secretion. |
| 17106 | 11344189 | Use of the ligand immunofunctional assay for human insulin-like growth factor ((IGF) binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) to analyze IGFBP-3 proteolysis and igf-i bioavailability in healthy adults, GH-deficient and acromegalic patients, and diabetics. |
| 17107 | 11344189 | The ligand immunofunctional assay for plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein (IGFBP)-3 developed in our laboratory provides for specific measurement of intact, as opposed to proteolyzed, IGFBP-3. |
| 17108 | 11344189 | This assay was combined with assays for IGF-I (RIA of the ultrafiltrate) and total IGFBP-3 (immunoradiometric assay) to quantify the percentage of proteolyzed IGFBP-3 (percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3) and to calculate the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio as an index of the fraction of exchangeable IGF-I bound to IGFBP-3. |
| 17109 | 11344189 | Because GH and insulin control the hepatic production and plasma concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, we set out to determine whether variations in the secretion of the two hormones are involved in the regulation of IGFBP-3 proteolysis. |
| 17110 | 11344189 | The study included adult populations of 36 healthy subjects, 23 hypopituitary patients untreated with GH, 43 acromegalics (13 untreated), 42 insulin-treated type 1 diabetics [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] patients, and 50 type 2 diabetics [non-IDDM (NIDDM)] patients, 22 of whom were insulin-treated and the remaining 28 treated with sulfonylurea and/or metformin). |
| 17111 | 11344189 | Unlike IGF-I and (to a lesser extent) total IGFBP-3 levels, which decline with age, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 seemed relatively stable. |
| 17112 | 11344189 | In GH-deficient patients, despite severely depressed IGF-I levels, percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios were within the normal range. |
| 17113 | 11344189 | In IDDM patients, the means for percent proteolyzed IGFBP-3 were higher than those in healthy adults: 36.7 +/- 3.7 (P = 0.03) and 31.3 +/- 3.3 for subjects of less than 45 and more than 45 yr, respectively. |
| 17114 | 11344189 | Among the diabetics, increased IGFBP-3 proteolysis resulted in an IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio that was normal for IDDM patients of less than 45 yr and above normal (P = 0.01) for the others. |
| 17115 | 11344189 | Percentage proteolyzed IGFBP-3 and the IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratio were inversely related to body mass index in IDDM patients (r = -0.42, P = 0.008; and r = -0.31, P = 0.05, respectively) and to percentage glycosylated hemoglobin in all insulin-treated diabetics (r = -0.25, P = 0.05; and r = -0.33, P = 0.008, respectively). |
| 17116 | 11344189 | There was also an inverse relationship between IGF-I/intact IGFBP-3 ratios and IGFBP-1 levels in healthy adults (r = -0.39, P = 0.03) and orally treated NIDDM patients (r = -0.37, P = 0.05). |
| 17117 | 11344189 | It was negatively correlated to IGF-I/total IGFBP-3 in healthy subjects (r = -0.40, P = 0.02) and diabetics (r = -0.30, P = 0.005). |
| 17118 | 11344189 | In the pathological conditions studied here, regulation of IGF-I bioavailability by limited proteolysis of IGFBP-3 contributes toward an appropriate adaptation to insulin deficiency and/or resistance but not to disturbances of GH secretion. |
| 17119 | 11358683 | Activated peripheral T-lymphocytes are increased in both pre-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and in recently diagnosed IDDM patients, as well as in various forms of acute stress. |
| 17120 | 11359854 | Several studies have provided indirect evidence in support of a role for beta cell-specific Th2 cells in regulating insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 17121 | 11359854 | Adoptive transfer of a GAD65-specific Th2 cell clone (characterized by the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, but not IFN-gamma or TGF-beta) into 2- or 12-wk-old NOD female recipients prevented the progression of insulitis and subsequent development of overt IDDM. |
| 17122 | 11359854 | The immunoregulatory function of a given Th cell clone was dependent on the relative levels of IFN-gamma vs IL-4 and IL-10 secreted. |
| 17123 | 11359854 | Several studies have provided indirect evidence in support of a role for beta cell-specific Th2 cells in regulating insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 17124 | 11359854 | Adoptive transfer of a GAD65-specific Th2 cell clone (characterized by the secretion of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10, but not IFN-gamma or TGF-beta) into 2- or 12-wk-old NOD female recipients prevented the progression of insulitis and subsequent development of overt IDDM. |
| 17125 | 11359854 | The immunoregulatory function of a given Th cell clone was dependent on the relative levels of IFN-gamma vs IL-4 and IL-10 secreted. |
| 17126 | 11360279 | Biochemical screening for chromosomal disorders and neural tube defects (NTD): is adjustment of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) still appropriate in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 17127 | 11360279 | Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported to be decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17128 | 11360279 | Maternal serum levels of AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in 114 diabetic women, of whom 84 had IDDM, were compared to those of 19,251 control pregnancies in the second trimester (15th to 20th gestational weeks). |
| 17129 | 11360279 | Median MoM levels were 1.01 (hCG), 1.01 (uE3), 1.06 (AFP) in all diabetic women, and 0.95 (hCG), 0.96 (uE3), 0.96 (AFP) in women with IDDM, respectively. |
| 17130 | 11360279 | Biochemical screening for chromosomal disorders and neural tube defects (NTD): is adjustment of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) still appropriate in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 17131 | 11360279 | Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported to be decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17132 | 11360279 | Maternal serum levels of AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in 114 diabetic women, of whom 84 had IDDM, were compared to those of 19,251 control pregnancies in the second trimester (15th to 20th gestational weeks). |
| 17133 | 11360279 | Median MoM levels were 1.01 (hCG), 1.01 (uE3), 1.06 (AFP) in all diabetic women, and 0.95 (hCG), 0.96 (uE3), 0.96 (AFP) in women with IDDM, respectively. |
| 17134 | 11360279 | Biochemical screening for chromosomal disorders and neural tube defects (NTD): is adjustment of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) still appropriate in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 17135 | 11360279 | Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported to be decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17136 | 11360279 | Maternal serum levels of AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in 114 diabetic women, of whom 84 had IDDM, were compared to those of 19,251 control pregnancies in the second trimester (15th to 20th gestational weeks). |
| 17137 | 11360279 | Median MoM levels were 1.01 (hCG), 1.01 (uE3), 1.06 (AFP) in all diabetic women, and 0.95 (hCG), 0.96 (uE3), 0.96 (AFP) in women with IDDM, respectively. |
| 17138 | 11360279 | Biochemical screening for chromosomal disorders and neural tube defects (NTD): is adjustment of maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) still appropriate in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)? |
| 17139 | 11360279 | Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has been reported to be decreased in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17140 | 11360279 | Maternal serum levels of AFP, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and unconjugated estriol (uE3) in 114 diabetic women, of whom 84 had IDDM, were compared to those of 19,251 control pregnancies in the second trimester (15th to 20th gestational weeks). |
| 17141 | 11360279 | Median MoM levels were 1.01 (hCG), 1.01 (uE3), 1.06 (AFP) in all diabetic women, and 0.95 (hCG), 0.96 (uE3), 0.96 (AFP) in women with IDDM, respectively. |
| 17142 | 11361930 | The authors report an 18-year-old girl with HIV infection who developed new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in association with anemia. |
| 17143 | 11361930 | Susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, such as IDDM, has been associated functionally with two members of a newly described multigene family called PERB11. |
| 17144 | 11361930 | The authors report an 18-year-old girl with HIV infection who developed new-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in association with anemia. |
| 17145 | 11361930 | Susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, such as IDDM, has been associated functionally with two members of a newly described multigene family called PERB11. |
| 17146 | 11368278 | Based on the above consideration, the aim of the present study was to investigate the renal handling of zinc in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 17147 | 11390440 | To explore the potential role of LT-mediated microenvironment in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), an LTbeta receptor-immunoglobulin fusion protein (LTbetaR-Ig) was administered to nonobese diabetic mice. |
| 17148 | 11392968 | Similar titers and incidence of antibodies to group-specific Coxsackie B virus antigen were detected in 137 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 127 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17149 | 11397889 | We performed a mutational scanning of all 27 exons of the human NOS2 gene and linkage transmission disequilibrium testing of identified NOS2 polymorphisms in a Danish nationwide type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) family collection. |
| 17150 | 11397889 | In conclusion, linkage of the human NOS2 gene to IDDM in a subset of patients supports a pathogenic role of nitric oxide in human IDDM. |
| 17151 | 11397889 | We performed a mutational scanning of all 27 exons of the human NOS2 gene and linkage transmission disequilibrium testing of identified NOS2 polymorphisms in a Danish nationwide type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) family collection. |
| 17152 | 11397889 | In conclusion, linkage of the human NOS2 gene to IDDM in a subset of patients supports a pathogenic role of nitric oxide in human IDDM. |
| 17153 | 11399454 | Serum insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) as markers for anabolic/catabolic condition in fishes. |
| 17154 | 11399454 | Three different experimentally-induced catabolic states in fishes are compared in this paper: fasting; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); and stress. |
| 17155 | 11407307 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is considered to be an autoimmune disorder characterized by destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells by auto-reacting lymphocytes. |
| 17156 | 11411869 | We have investigated by immuno-electron microscopy the presence of phosphotyrosine in cells as a whole and in different cell districts (nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and mitochondria) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) patients and age-matched controls. |
| 17157 | 11418696 | Initial studies indicated that exposure to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides in utero resulted in delay or transient protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 17158 | 11418696 | To more closely examine the effects of early and late exposure to diabetogenic Ags on T cells, we applied peptides derived from GAD65 (GAD AA 246-266, 509-528, and 524-543), to our "in vitro IDDM" (ivIDDM) model. |
| 17159 | 11418696 | T cells derived from NOD FTOC primed during the latter stages of organ culture, when mature T cell phenotypes are present, had the ability to proliferate to GAD peptides. ivIDDM was exacerbated under these conditions, suggesting that GAD responsiveness correlates with the ivIDDM phenotype, and parallels the acceleration of IDDM we had seen in young adult NOD mice. |
| 17160 | 11418696 | Initial studies indicated that exposure to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides in utero resulted in delay or transient protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 17161 | 11418696 | To more closely examine the effects of early and late exposure to diabetogenic Ags on T cells, we applied peptides derived from GAD65 (GAD AA 246-266, 509-528, and 524-543), to our "in vitro IDDM" (ivIDDM) model. |
| 17162 | 11418696 | T cells derived from NOD FTOC primed during the latter stages of organ culture, when mature T cell phenotypes are present, had the ability to proliferate to GAD peptides. ivIDDM was exacerbated under these conditions, suggesting that GAD responsiveness correlates with the ivIDDM phenotype, and parallels the acceleration of IDDM we had seen in young adult NOD mice. |
| 17163 | 11418696 | Initial studies indicated that exposure to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) peptides in utero resulted in delay or transient protection from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in NOD mice. |
| 17164 | 11418696 | To more closely examine the effects of early and late exposure to diabetogenic Ags on T cells, we applied peptides derived from GAD65 (GAD AA 246-266, 509-528, and 524-543), to our "in vitro IDDM" (ivIDDM) model. |
| 17165 | 11418696 | T cells derived from NOD FTOC primed during the latter stages of organ culture, when mature T cell phenotypes are present, had the ability to proliferate to GAD peptides. ivIDDM was exacerbated under these conditions, suggesting that GAD responsiveness correlates with the ivIDDM phenotype, and parallels the acceleration of IDDM we had seen in young adult NOD mice. |
| 17166 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17167 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17168 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17169 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17170 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17171 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17172 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17173 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17174 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17175 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17176 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17177 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17178 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17179 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17180 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17181 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17182 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17183 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17184 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17185 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17186 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17187 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17188 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17189 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17190 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17191 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17192 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17193 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17194 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17195 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17196 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17197 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17198 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17199 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17200 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17201 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17202 | 11418698 | Insulin was chosen based on studies demonstrating that administration of insulin or insulin B chain by a variety of strategies prevents IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17203 | 11418698 | Surprisingly, young NOD mice receiving i.m. injections of pDNA encoding insulin B chain-IgGFc with or without IL-4 exhibited an accelerated progression of insulitis and developed early diabetes. |
| 17204 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 17205 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17206 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 17207 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 17208 | 11424775 | The antithyroid antibodies are more frequent in pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) than in normal pregnant women. |
| 17209 | 11440912 | Six subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) receiving conventional insulin therapy consumed the test meal with added [(15)N]Ala while adapted to their customary high-protein diet. |
| 17210 | 11450149 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of T helper lymphocyte subpopulations: naive (CD4+CD45RA+), memory cells (CD4+CDRO+) and lymphocytes coexpressing both studied phenotypes (CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO+) in subjects at risk of type 1 diabetes (first degree relatives of IDDM patients with autoantibodies) in comparison to age and sex matched controls. |
| 17211 | 11450149 | It could be suggested that CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+CD45RO+ ratio could serve as surrogate marker of diabetes type 1 risk development and presumably for estimation of the efficacy of the preventive procedures in subjects at high risk of IDDM, but further prospective studies are needed. |
| 17212 | 11450149 | The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of T helper lymphocyte subpopulations: naive (CD4+CD45RA+), memory cells (CD4+CDRO+) and lymphocytes coexpressing both studied phenotypes (CD4+CD45RA+CD45RO+) in subjects at risk of type 1 diabetes (first degree relatives of IDDM patients with autoantibodies) in comparison to age and sex matched controls. |
| 17213 | 11450149 | It could be suggested that CD4+CD45RA+/CD4+CD45RO+ ratio could serve as surrogate marker of diabetes type 1 risk development and presumably for estimation of the efficacy of the preventive procedures in subjects at high risk of IDDM, but further prospective studies are needed. |
| 17214 | 11453115 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) elastase levels, clinical measures of periodontal status, and metabolic control of diabetes in insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetes (NIDDM) patients. |
| 17215 | 11455884 | We assessed saccadic eye movements (SEM) and the visual evoked potentials (VEP) with the aim to evaluate whether a correlation exist between SEM and visual pathways function, in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 17216 | 11465945 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas. |
| 17217 | 11465945 | The NOD mouse is an animal model of IDDM in which several autoantigens, including insulin, have been identified. |
| 17218 | 11465945 | Protection appears to be mediated by insulin B (9-23)-specific down-regulation of IFN-gamma. |
| 17219 | 11465945 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease characterized by T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-secreting beta cells in the pancreas. |
| 17220 | 11465945 | The NOD mouse is an animal model of IDDM in which several autoantigens, including insulin, have been identified. |
| 17221 | 11465945 | Protection appears to be mediated by insulin B (9-23)-specific down-regulation of IFN-gamma. |
| 17222 | 11466133 | BACKGROUND: The association of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and celiac disease (CD) has been widely reported in children but the relationship between the two conditions is incompletely understood. |
| 17223 | 11466366 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by the T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 17224 | 11466366 | Here we demonstrate that DCs derived from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model for IDDM, are more sensitive to various forms of stimulation compared with those from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, resulting in increased IL-12 secretion. |
| 17225 | 11466366 | This property is a consequence of hyperactivation of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor known to regulate IL-12 gene expression. |
| 17226 | 11466366 | Transfection of NOD DCs with a modified form of IkappaBalpha significantly reduced IL-12 secretion, suggesting that hyperactivation of NF-kappaB was in part responsible for increased IL-12 production. |
| 17227 | 11466366 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by the T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 17228 | 11466366 | Here we demonstrate that DCs derived from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, a model for IDDM, are more sensitive to various forms of stimulation compared with those from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, resulting in increased IL-12 secretion. |
| 17229 | 11466366 | This property is a consequence of hyperactivation of NF-kappaB, a transcription factor known to regulate IL-12 gene expression. |
| 17230 | 11466366 | Transfection of NOD DCs with a modified form of IkappaBalpha significantly reduced IL-12 secretion, suggesting that hyperactivation of NF-kappaB was in part responsible for increased IL-12 production. |
| 17231 | 11466400 | CD4(+) T cell responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) spontaneously arise in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and may be critical to the pathogenic process. |
| 17232 | 11466400 | However, since both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are involved in autoimmune diabetes, we sought to determine whether GAD65-specific CD8(+) T cells were also present in prediabetic NOD mice and contribute to IDDM. |
| 17233 | 11466400 | Naive NOD spleen cells stimulated with GAD65 peptides 206-214 (p206) and 546-554 (p546) produced IFN-gamma and showed Ag-specific CTL responses against targets pulsed with homologous peptide. |
| 17234 | 11466400 | Spontaneous CTL responses to p206 and p546 were mediated by CD8(+) T cells that are capable of lysing GAD65-expressing target cells, and p546-specific T cells transferred insulitis to NOD.scid mice. |
| 17235 | 11466400 | This report reveals a potential therapeutic role for MHC class I-restricted peptides in treating autoimmune disease and revisits the notion that the CD4- and CD8-inducing determinants on some molecules may benefit from a proximal relationship. |
| 17236 | 11466400 | CD4(+) T cell responses to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) spontaneously arise in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice before the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and may be critical to the pathogenic process. |
| 17237 | 11466400 | However, since both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are involved in autoimmune diabetes, we sought to determine whether GAD65-specific CD8(+) T cells were also present in prediabetic NOD mice and contribute to IDDM. |
| 17238 | 11466400 | Naive NOD spleen cells stimulated with GAD65 peptides 206-214 (p206) and 546-554 (p546) produced IFN-gamma and showed Ag-specific CTL responses against targets pulsed with homologous peptide. |
| 17239 | 11466400 | Spontaneous CTL responses to p206 and p546 were mediated by CD8(+) T cells that are capable of lysing GAD65-expressing target cells, and p546-specific T cells transferred insulitis to NOD.scid mice. |
| 17240 | 11466400 | This report reveals a potential therapeutic role for MHC class I-restricted peptides in treating autoimmune disease and revisits the notion that the CD4- and CD8-inducing determinants on some molecules may benefit from a proximal relationship. |
| 17241 | 11470389 | Patients with presumably insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) had the highest SMRs (10.2; CI 9.5-11.0); however, there was a significant (34%) improvement over time in their mortality risk. |
| 17242 | 11482781 | We have studied LDL oxidizability in three types of diabetics: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-treated diabetes mellitus type 2 (ITDM2) and a control group. |
| 17243 | 11482808 | Fifty-seven insulin dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic patients and 25 controls were studied. |
| 17244 | 11490031 | Introduction of a disrupted IL-4 gene into the NOD-H2-E transgenic stock demonstrated that induction of this Th2 cytokine does not represent the IDDM protective immunoregulatory process mediated by H2-E expression. |
| 17245 | 11500197 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are well known to be at high risk of vascular disease, and dysfunction of vascular endothelium is considered as an early step in the development of diabetic complications. |
| 17246 | 11500197 | IDDM patients were characterized by significantly increased serum levels of C-reactive protein, of polymorphonuclear cells-derived elastase, of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and of thrombomodulin, while plasma concentrations of fibronectin (FNT) were significantly decreased, with a statistically significant inverse correlation between ET-1 and FNT values. |
| 17247 | 11500197 | In IDDM patients, at variance from the control group, the levels of ET-1 were directly correlated to those of von Willebrand factor, of anticardiolipin beta(2)-GPI and of CIC, with an inverse correlation with plasma FNT. |
| 17248 | 11500197 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are well known to be at high risk of vascular disease, and dysfunction of vascular endothelium is considered as an early step in the development of diabetic complications. |
| 17249 | 11500197 | IDDM patients were characterized by significantly increased serum levels of C-reactive protein, of polymorphonuclear cells-derived elastase, of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and of thrombomodulin, while plasma concentrations of fibronectin (FNT) were significantly decreased, with a statistically significant inverse correlation between ET-1 and FNT values. |
| 17250 | 11500197 | In IDDM patients, at variance from the control group, the levels of ET-1 were directly correlated to those of von Willebrand factor, of anticardiolipin beta(2)-GPI and of CIC, with an inverse correlation with plasma FNT. |
| 17251 | 11500197 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are well known to be at high risk of vascular disease, and dysfunction of vascular endothelium is considered as an early step in the development of diabetic complications. |
| 17252 | 11500197 | IDDM patients were characterized by significantly increased serum levels of C-reactive protein, of polymorphonuclear cells-derived elastase, of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and of thrombomodulin, while plasma concentrations of fibronectin (FNT) were significantly decreased, with a statistically significant inverse correlation between ET-1 and FNT values. |
| 17253 | 11500197 | In IDDM patients, at variance from the control group, the levels of ET-1 were directly correlated to those of von Willebrand factor, of anticardiolipin beta(2)-GPI and of CIC, with an inverse correlation with plasma FNT. |
| 17254 | 11502799 | The IDDM2 diabetes susceptibility locus maps to a minisatellite composed of a variable number of tandem repeats situated 0.5 kb upstream of INS. |
| 17255 | 11502799 | This confirms our prediction and represents an additional level of correlation between thymic insulin and diabetes susceptibility, which supports a thymic enhancer effect of the INS variable number of tandem repeats as the mechanism of IDDM2 and refines the contribution of IDDM2 genotyping to diabetes risk assessment. |
| 17256 | 11502799 | The IDDM2 diabetes susceptibility locus maps to a minisatellite composed of a variable number of tandem repeats situated 0.5 kb upstream of INS. |
| 17257 | 11502799 | This confirms our prediction and represents an additional level of correlation between thymic insulin and diabetes susceptibility, which supports a thymic enhancer effect of the INS variable number of tandem repeats as the mechanism of IDDM2 and refines the contribution of IDDM2 genotyping to diabetes risk assessment. |
| 17258 | 11507683 | In the present study, Wistar rats, which received a streptozotocin injection to induce diabetes (STZ-diabetic rats), a model similar to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes mellitus, were used to investigate the effect of prostaglandin (PG) E2 on plasma glucose. |
| 17259 | 11507694 | Three chromosome regions were identified that showed significant evidence of linkage (P<2.2x10(-5); LOD scores >4), 6p21 (IDDM1), 11p15 (IDDM2), 16q22-q24, and four more that showed suggestive evidence (P<7.4x10(-4), LOD scores > or =2.2), 10p11 (IDDM10), 2q31 (IDDM7, IDDM12, and IDDM13), 6q21 (IDDM15), and 1q42. |
| 17260 | 11517959 | Dysregulation of the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 17261 | 11517959 | Elevated levels of circulating GH, increased GH secretory amplitude, and decreased concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and GHBP have been related to poor glycemic control. |
| 17262 | 11517959 | Twenty-four hour every 20 minute blood sampling for GH determination was analyzed using the Cluster algorithm, and static measures of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and GHBP were obtained. |
| 17263 | 11517959 | Serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were greater in the mid-pubertal boys, but levels of GHBP were higher in the prepubertal boys. |
| 17264 | 11517959 | No differences were found among the 3 groups for levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, or GHBP. |
| 17265 | 11517959 | We conclude that normal increases in GH secretion and levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 occur during mid-puberty in boys with IDDM. |
| 17266 | 11517959 | Dysregulation of the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) axis in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 17267 | 11517959 | Elevated levels of circulating GH, increased GH secretory amplitude, and decreased concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and GHBP have been related to poor glycemic control. |
| 17268 | 11517959 | Twenty-four hour every 20 minute blood sampling for GH determination was analyzed using the Cluster algorithm, and static measures of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and GHBP were obtained. |
| 17269 | 11517959 | Serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were greater in the mid-pubertal boys, but levels of GHBP were higher in the prepubertal boys. |
| 17270 | 11517959 | No differences were found among the 3 groups for levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, or GHBP. |
| 17271 | 11517959 | We conclude that normal increases in GH secretion and levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 occur during mid-puberty in boys with IDDM. |
| 17272 | 11517960 | Urinary free cortisol and its nyctohemeral variation in adolescents and young adults with IDDM: relation to endothelin 1 and indices of diabetic angiopathy. |
| 17273 | 11517960 | In 130 subjects with IDDM, aged 15.2+/-4.8 years and diabetes duration 7.3+/-5 years, and in 48 controls of comparable age, UFC, urinary endothelin (UET1), urinary albumin, HbA1c, and plasma renin were determined. |
| 17274 | 11517960 | Urinary free cortisol and its nyctohemeral variation in adolescents and young adults with IDDM: relation to endothelin 1 and indices of diabetic angiopathy. |
| 17275 | 11517960 | In 130 subjects with IDDM, aged 15.2+/-4.8 years and diabetes duration 7.3+/-5 years, and in 48 controls of comparable age, UFC, urinary endothelin (UET1), urinary albumin, HbA1c, and plasma renin were determined. |
| 17276 | 11520112 | The relationship between the polyol pathway and sugar cataracts has been studied extensively using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and galactose fed rats as animal models for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17277 | 11520112 | For the biochemical analysis, we measured the enzyme activity of aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) and the sorbitol levels using 20, 40 and 60 week old OLETF or control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. |
| 17278 | 11523250 | Eighteen serum samples from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 20 serum samples from healthy human subjects were collected. |
| 17279 | 11554771 | The IDDM2 locus maps to a variable number of tandem repeats in the insulin gene region on chromosome 11. |
| 17280 | 11556978 | Interestingly, the two siblings of the family, which were HLA identical and suffered of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), were carriers of the two HLA haplotypes (DRB1*03/DQB1*0201 and DRB1*04/DQB1*0302) reported as susceptibility markers to IDDM in Caucasians. |
| 17281 | 11564833 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) and NOD-DRalpha transgenic (tg) mice, expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) and Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus DRalpha:Ebeta(g7) class II molecules, respectively, both develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas NOD-Ealpha tg mice expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus Ealpha:Ebeta(g7) are protected. |
| 17282 | 11564833 | Nevertheless, T cells from IL-12-treated NOD-Ealpha tg mice secrete IFN-gamma and transfer IDDM to NOD-SCID and NOD-Ealpha-SCID recipients, demonstrating the presence of peripheral diabetogenic Th1 cells in the protected mice. |
| 17283 | 11564833 | This is associated with the selective inhibition of the response to insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), an autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 17284 | 11564833 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) and NOD-DRalpha transgenic (tg) mice, expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) and Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus DRalpha:Ebeta(g7) class II molecules, respectively, both develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas NOD-Ealpha tg mice expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus Ealpha:Ebeta(g7) are protected. |
| 17285 | 11564833 | Nevertheless, T cells from IL-12-treated NOD-Ealpha tg mice secrete IFN-gamma and transfer IDDM to NOD-SCID and NOD-Ealpha-SCID recipients, demonstrating the presence of peripheral diabetogenic Th1 cells in the protected mice. |
| 17286 | 11564833 | This is associated with the selective inhibition of the response to insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), an autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 17287 | 11564833 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) and NOD-DRalpha transgenic (tg) mice, expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) and Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus DRalpha:Ebeta(g7) class II molecules, respectively, both develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), whereas NOD-Ealpha tg mice expressing Aalpha(d):Abeta(g7) plus Ealpha:Ebeta(g7) are protected. |
| 17288 | 11564833 | Nevertheless, T cells from IL-12-treated NOD-Ealpha tg mice secrete IFN-gamma and transfer IDDM to NOD-SCID and NOD-Ealpha-SCID recipients, demonstrating the presence of peripheral diabetogenic Th1 cells in the protected mice. |
| 17289 | 11564833 | This is associated with the selective inhibition of the response to insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2), an autoantigen in IDDM. |
| 17290 | 11571094 | Five percent of all pregnant women and 25% of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) during the first year after delivery. |
| 17291 | 11571094 | Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening pregnant women for the TPO antibody versus the current strategy of no screening test or an alternative strategy of a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test 6 weeks postpartum. |
| 17292 | 11571094 | A separate analysis for women with IDDM resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TSH strategy and $32,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TPO strategy. |
| 17293 | 11571094 | Five percent of all pregnant women and 25% of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) during the first year after delivery. |
| 17294 | 11571094 | Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening pregnant women for the TPO antibody versus the current strategy of no screening test or an alternative strategy of a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test 6 weeks postpartum. |
| 17295 | 11571094 | A separate analysis for women with IDDM resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TSH strategy and $32,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TPO strategy. |
| 17296 | 11579968 | Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer. |
| 17297 | 11579968 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the main target of humoral autoimmunity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-person syndrome. |
| 17298 | 11579968 | We reviewed the case of a 46-year-old woman who had cerebellar ataxia before getting stiff-person syndrome and IDDM with high anti-GAD autoantibody titers. |
| 17299 | 11579968 | This was a rare case in which there were both the clinical symptoms of stiff-person syndrome and cerebellar ataxia. |
| 17300 | 11579968 | Stiff-person syndrome associated with cerebellar ataxia and high glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody titer. |
| 17301 | 11579968 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is the main target of humoral autoimmunity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and stiff-person syndrome. |
| 17302 | 11579968 | We reviewed the case of a 46-year-old woman who had cerebellar ataxia before getting stiff-person syndrome and IDDM with high anti-GAD autoantibody titers. |
| 17303 | 11579968 | This was a rare case in which there were both the clinical symptoms of stiff-person syndrome and cerebellar ataxia. |
| 17304 | 11594768 | Islet antigen (IA)-2 is a novel autoantigen of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and belongs to a new class within the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family characterized by lack of PTP enzymatic activity with conventional substrates. |
| 17305 | 11668578 | Both groups of probands have almost identical frequencies of DR and DQ haplotypes but significantly different IBD distributions in the subset of families with probands who do not carry the highly predisposing DR3/DR4 genotype. |
| 17306 | 11668578 | Our results are consistent with previous reports implicating DPB1 in IDDM susceptibility. |
| 17307 | 11696198 | The nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model is a model of human autoimmune insulin dependent diabetes, IDDM. |
| 17308 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17309 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17310 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17311 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17312 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17313 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17314 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17315 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17316 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17317 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17318 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17319 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17320 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17321 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17322 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17323 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17324 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17325 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17326 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17327 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17328 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17329 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17330 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17331 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17332 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17333 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17334 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17335 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17336 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17337 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17338 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17339 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17340 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17341 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17342 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17343 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17344 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17345 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17346 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17347 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17348 | 11729828 | In vitro secretion of interleukin 2 and expression of IL-2 receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in high risk of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects. |
| 17349 | 11729828 | Interleukin 2 (IL-2)--a Th1 lymphocyte-derived cytokine is at present considered to play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 17350 | 11729828 | In the previous studies increased, decreased and unchanged IL-2 levels in patients with recent onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were found. |
| 17351 | 11729828 | The aim of our study was to estimate in vitro secretion of IL-2 and CD25 antigen expression by the peripheral blood T lymphocytes in subjects at the preclinical stage of IDDM (prediabetes), but still without metabolic disturbances. |
| 17352 | 11729828 | In 27 first degree relatives of IDDM patients with antibodies against different pancreatic islet cell antigens (ICA, GADA, IAA, IA-2) CD25 antigen expression on peripheral blood lymphocytes T was measured by flow cytometry and IL-2 concentration in supernatants of 48 and 72 h cultures of peripheral whole blood with 10 microg/ml PHA was estimated by ELISA. |
| 17353 | 11729828 | In the studied high risk IDDM subjects the decreased CD25 expression in peripheral CD4+ lymphocytes T and a negative correlation between the percentage of CD25+ cells and islet cell antibodies (ICA) titres was observed. |
| 17354 | 11729828 | A significant increase of IL-2 secretion at 72 h of PHA stimulation was shown in first degree relatives of IDDM patients with a combination of 3 or more antipancreatic-B cell antibodies. |
| 17355 | 11729828 | The present study suggests the involvement of IL-2 in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17356 | 11735306 | Vaccines and the risk of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM): potential mechanism of action. |
| 17357 | 11748258 | To analyze the function of the Th1-promoting cytokine IL-12 in vivo, we generated transgenic (tg) mice (RIP-IL12 mice) whose pancreatic beta cells constitutively express bioactive IL-12 or one of its components, p35 or p40. |
| 17358 | 11748258 | Expression of bioactive IL-12 primarily upregulated transcript levels of IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), RANTES, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha in the pancreas. |
| 17359 | 11748258 | However, when RIP-IL12 x RIP-LCMV tg mice were infected with LCMV, antigen-specific anti-self/viral T cells were induced, which led to an acceleration in the kinetics and severity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17360 | 11761617 | [Analysis of polymorphic variants of renin-angiotensin system genes in polymetabolic syndrome and non-insulin-dependent diabetes]. |
| 17361 | 11761617 | Polymorphisms of the genes for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensinogen, the proteins of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), were tested for association with the polymetabolic syndrome (PMS) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the Moscow population. |
| 17362 | 11761617 | A significant difference in allele and genotype frequency distributions of the (CA)n microsatellite of the 3'-untranslated exon of the angiotensinogen gene was revealed between randomly sampled individuals and patients with PMS and IDDM from the Moscow population. |
| 17363 | 11766001 | In IDDM, DR3/4 heterozygotes were shown to have a greatly increased risk of developing the disease, suggesting the concept of genetic factor(s) being involved in the development of diabetes. |
| 17364 | 11781353 | In mice, coxsackievirus B4 (CB4) induces insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) resembling the final step of disease progression in humans. |
| 17365 | 11784379 | To assess the relationship between patient's perception of his own inferior limbs symptom and function and the clinical-neurophysiological assessment in patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17366 | 11786723 | The association of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Evans syndrome (autoimmune pancytopenia) has not been reported previously. |
| 17367 | 11787433 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is difficult to live with as well as difficult to treat among adolescents. |
| 17368 | 11795511 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes, is an organ-specific autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 17369 | 11795511 | Beta cell-specific suppression of GAD expression in NOD mice results in the prevention of IDDM. |
| 17370 | 11795511 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes, is an organ-specific autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. |
| 17371 | 11795511 | Beta cell-specific suppression of GAD expression in NOD mice results in the prevention of IDDM. |
| 17372 | 11822848 | The data were collected by questionnaires from adolescents with asthma, epilepsy, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17373 | 11835102 | Investigators have, thus, sought to take advantage of this side effect in patients with gastric stasis secondary to long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17374 | 11891612 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) isolated peripheral airway involvement may give rise to inspiratory threshold load (ITL) contributing to dyspnea. |
| 17375 | 11891612 | In this subset of patients with IDDM, Edi/Pdi ratio throughout increase in EELV and ITL was found to affect the perception of dyspnea in hypoxia to a similar extent as in hypercapnia. |
| 17376 | 11891612 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) isolated peripheral airway involvement may give rise to inspiratory threshold load (ITL) contributing to dyspnea. |
| 17377 | 11891612 | In this subset of patients with IDDM, Edi/Pdi ratio throughout increase in EELV and ITL was found to affect the perception of dyspnea in hypoxia to a similar extent as in hypercapnia. |
| 17378 | 11893482 | Stabilized rice bran and its fractions were fed for 60 days to insulin-dependent and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM = Type I and NIDDM = Type II) subjects to determine possible effects on serum hemoglobin, carbohydrate and lipid parameters. |
| 17379 | 11893482 | The reduction of glycosylated hemoglobin and a slight increase in insulin levels indicate that consumption of rice bran water solubles can control blood glucose levels in human diabetes. |
| 17380 | 11894723 | In the evaluation of the carbohydrate metabolism in non-diabetic women, we found no effect on fasting glucose or insulin and no effect on the insulin response to oral glucose in women using monophasic OCs containing EE combined with DSG or GST. |
| 17381 | 11894723 | In the women with IDDM there was a negative correlation between daily insulin requirement and HDL-cholesterol before and during treatment, but no other statistically significant correlation between estimates of glycaemic control and lipids and lipoproteins were observed. |
| 17382 | 11894723 | In the non-diabetic women, changes in the haemostatic system included an increase in the procoagulant factors fibrinogen and Factor VIIc; the concentration of active t-PA increased, mainly because of decreased inhibition by PAI-1. |
| 17383 | 11894723 | The regulation of the t-PA/PAI system was studied in non-diabetic women in order to elucidate if the effects of OCs are caused by a direct effect on synthesis or clearance of these variables or if they are secondary to changed insulin sensitivity, as described in individuals with atherosclerosis. |
| 17384 | 11894723 | We found no indications that insulin resistance is involved in the regulation of t-PA and PAI-1 antigen levels, neither before nor during intake of OCs. |
| 17385 | 11899076 | Pancreas transplants can cure insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17386 | 11903619 | NOD/SCID mice, which lack functionally mature T and B lymphocytes, do not normally develop insulitis or insulin-dependent diabetes melitus (IDDM). |
| 17387 | 11905849 | Complexity of human immune response profiles for CD4+ T cell epitopes from the diabetes autoantigen GAD65. |
| 17388 | 11905849 | We have investigated recognition of the GAD65 protein, one of the well-characterized autoantigens in type I diabetes, among individuals carrying the HLA-DR4 haplotypes characteristic of susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 17389 | 11905849 | The majority of T cell responses were restricted by DRB1 molecules; however, DRB4 restricted responses were also observed. |
| 17390 | 11922384 | Using a Cox's Proportional Hazards Model for insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and NIDDM (insulin and non-insulin-treated) diabetes separately, longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure and poor metabolic control were significant independent predictors of retinopathy for all three groups. |
| 17391 | 11924879 | We compared vestibulo-ocular reflex, optokinetic reflex and postural function in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), as well as non-diabetic controls. |
| 17392 | 11948737 | The current study focused on imaging of autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta-cells by cytotoxic lymphocytes, the cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; Type 1 diabetes). |
| 17393 | 11960310 | The IDDM13 region containing the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP5) gene on chromosome 2q33-q36 and the genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 17394 | 11960310 | IGFBP5 is located in a region where an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus, IDDM13 (2q33-q36), has been mapped. |
| 17395 | 11960310 | Previous evidence that non-MHC IDDM loci overlap RA susceptibility loci made IGFBP5 and its region an interesting candidate locus which was tested for linkage. |
| 17396 | 11960310 | Forty-nine sibships (2-4 affected siblings per sibship) with RA were genotyped with microsatellite markers covering an 11.2 cM interval in the IGFBP5/IDDM13 region. |
| 17397 | 11960310 | The IDDM13 region containing the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP5) gene on chromosome 2q33-q36 and the genetic susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. |
| 17398 | 11960310 | IGFBP5 is located in a region where an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility locus, IDDM13 (2q33-q36), has been mapped. |
| 17399 | 11960310 | Previous evidence that non-MHC IDDM loci overlap RA susceptibility loci made IGFBP5 and its region an interesting candidate locus which was tested for linkage. |
| 17400 | 11960310 | Forty-nine sibships (2-4 affected siblings per sibship) with RA were genotyped with microsatellite markers covering an 11.2 cM interval in the IGFBP5/IDDM13 region. |
| 17401 | 11978634 | Insulin expression levels in the thymus modulate insulin-specific autoreactive T-cell tolerance: the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus may predispose to diabetes. |
| 17402 | 11978634 | Evidence from our laboratory and others has suggested that the IDDM2 locus determines diabetes susceptibility by modulating levels of insulin expression in the thymus: the diabetes-protective class III alleles at a repeat polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene are associated with higher levels than the predisposing class I. |
| 17403 | 11978634 | We conclude that thymic insulin levels play a pivotal role in insulin-specific T-cell self-tolerance, a relation that provides an explanation for the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus predisposes to or protects from diabetes. |
| 17404 | 11978634 | Insulin expression levels in the thymus modulate insulin-specific autoreactive T-cell tolerance: the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus may predispose to diabetes. |
| 17405 | 11978634 | Evidence from our laboratory and others has suggested that the IDDM2 locus determines diabetes susceptibility by modulating levels of insulin expression in the thymus: the diabetes-protective class III alleles at a repeat polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene are associated with higher levels than the predisposing class I. |
| 17406 | 11978634 | We conclude that thymic insulin levels play a pivotal role in insulin-specific T-cell self-tolerance, a relation that provides an explanation for the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus predisposes to or protects from diabetes. |
| 17407 | 11978634 | Insulin expression levels in the thymus modulate insulin-specific autoreactive T-cell tolerance: the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus may predispose to diabetes. |
| 17408 | 11978634 | Evidence from our laboratory and others has suggested that the IDDM2 locus determines diabetes susceptibility by modulating levels of insulin expression in the thymus: the diabetes-protective class III alleles at a repeat polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene are associated with higher levels than the predisposing class I. |
| 17409 | 11978634 | We conclude that thymic insulin levels play a pivotal role in insulin-specific T-cell self-tolerance, a relation that provides an explanation for the mechanism by which the IDDM2 locus predisposes to or protects from diabetes. |
| 17410 | 11979756 | Lymphocytes response, IFN-gamma and IL-10 production of splenocytes cultures stimulated with hsp65 were examined to clue the reasons for the prevention of IDDM incidence by M. leprae immunization. |
| 17411 | 11979756 | The spontaneous development of anti-hsp65 T lymphocytes preceded the outbreak of overt IDDM in control NOD mice, but also appeared in M. leprae immunized cases in which the IDDM incidence was prevented, and both control and M. leprae immunized groups produced IFN-gamma and IL-10 by stimulation with hsp65. |
| 17412 | 11979756 | Lymphocytes response, IFN-gamma and IL-10 production of splenocytes cultures stimulated with hsp65 were examined to clue the reasons for the prevention of IDDM incidence by M. leprae immunization. |
| 17413 | 11979756 | The spontaneous development of anti-hsp65 T lymphocytes preceded the outbreak of overt IDDM in control NOD mice, but also appeared in M. leprae immunized cases in which the IDDM incidence was prevented, and both control and M. leprae immunized groups produced IFN-gamma and IL-10 by stimulation with hsp65. |
| 17414 | 11981830 | The islet tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2/ICA512bdc is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes (IDDM), but the epitopes responsible for autoantibody binding have been only partially defined. |
| 17415 | 11981830 | This strategy resulted in the identification of two epitopes (IA-2 residues 761 - 964 and 929 - 979), which were recognized by 100 % and 62.9 % ICA512bdc-positive IDDM patients, respectively. |
| 17416 | 11981830 | The islet tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA-2/ICA512bdc is a major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes (IDDM), but the epitopes responsible for autoantibody binding have been only partially defined. |
| 17417 | 11981830 | This strategy resulted in the identification of two epitopes (IA-2 residues 761 - 964 and 929 - 979), which were recognized by 100 % and 62.9 % ICA512bdc-positive IDDM patients, respectively. |
| 17418 | 12002634 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a common metabolic disease often complicated by a number of pathological conditions among which are haematological changes and alterations in blood cell function. |
| 17419 | 12002634 | Erythrocyte function in dogs affected by IDDM has been investigated during insulin therapy, paying attention to antioxidant status, membrane resistance, enzyme activities and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3DPG) concentration. |
| 17420 | 12002634 | Osmotic fragility, the activities of the enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) and the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and 2,3DPG were evaluated in the erythrocytes. |
| 17421 | 12002634 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a common metabolic disease often complicated by a number of pathological conditions among which are haematological changes and alterations in blood cell function. |
| 17422 | 12002634 | Erythrocyte function in dogs affected by IDDM has been investigated during insulin therapy, paying attention to antioxidant status, membrane resistance, enzyme activities and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3DPG) concentration. |
| 17423 | 12002634 | Osmotic fragility, the activities of the enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and pyruvate-kinase (PK) and the concentrations of reduced glutathione (GSH) and 2,3DPG were evaluated in the erythrocytes. |
| 17424 | 12012292 | One of the mothers had gestational diabetes mellitus and one had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17425 | 12012292 | In cases of fetal macrosomia without a maternal diabetic problem amniocentesis may be carried out after 34 weeks of gestation to assay amniotic fluid insulin, C-peptide and erythropoietin to reveal rare cases of PHHI where there may be problems of fetal hypoxemia similar to those in diabetic pregnancies. |
| 17426 | 12021080 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a multifactorial disease. |
| 17427 | 12021089 | Slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), like classical IDDM, is also associated with genetic markers. |
| 17428 | 12021089 | Alleles of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) gene located centromeric to the HLA-B gene is associated with LADA. |
| 17429 | 12021089 | Allele 5.1 of MICA was associated with both LADA and adult-onset Italian IDDM patients when compared to controls. |
| 17430 | 12021089 | Slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), like classical IDDM, is also associated with genetic markers. |
| 17431 | 12021089 | Alleles of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) gene located centromeric to the HLA-B gene is associated with LADA. |
| 17432 | 12021089 | Allele 5.1 of MICA was associated with both LADA and adult-onset Italian IDDM patients when compared to controls. |
| 17433 | 12021094 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17434 | 12021094 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17435 | 12021094 | MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17436 | 12021094 | We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India. |
| 17437 | 12021094 | Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India. |
| 17438 | 12021094 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17439 | 12021094 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17440 | 12021094 | MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17441 | 12021094 | We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India. |
| 17442 | 12021094 | Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India. |
| 17443 | 12021094 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17444 | 12021094 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17445 | 12021094 | MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17446 | 12021094 | We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India. |
| 17447 | 12021094 | Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India. |
| 17448 | 12021094 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17449 | 12021094 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17450 | 12021094 | MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17451 | 12021094 | We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India. |
| 17452 | 12021094 | Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India. |
| 17453 | 12021116 | GAD65 and ICA512 antibodies in undernourished and normally nourished south Indian patients with diabetes. |
| 17454 | 12021116 | The frequency of GAD65 and ICA512 antibodies in Indian IDDM patients is similar to that in Caucasians. |
| 17455 | 12021116 | The prevalence of GAD65 and ICA512 autoantibodies in controls from south India was 4% and 2%, respectively. |
| 17456 | 12021116 | One hundred thirty-one diabetic patients (undernourished [UNDM], n = 67; and normal nourished [NNDM], n = 64) were assayed for GAD65 and ICA512 autoantibodies. |
| 17457 | 12021116 | The results suggest that GAD65 and ICA512 antibody frequencies are neither significantly increased nor decreased in UNDM patients compared to NNDM patients. |
| 17458 | 12021127 | BCG vaccination and GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in autoimmune diabetes in southern India. |
| 17459 | 12021127 | This paper reports a study to determine whether BCG vaccination is associated with an increase or decrease in GAD65 and I-A2 autoantibodies in cases of IDDM and NIDDM in southern India. |
| 17460 | 12021128 | Antibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 are the major immunological markers in autoimmune diabetes. |
| 17461 | 12021128 | We studied 88 IDDM patients and 100 NIDDM patients as well as controls for the prevalence of GAD65, IA-2, and ICA12 antibodies by radioligand binding assay (RIA) using (35)S-labeled islet antigens. |
| 17462 | 12021132 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is positively associated with HLA-DQ8, DQ2, and DQ6 (B*0604) and negatively with DQ6 (B*0602). |
| 17463 | 12021132 | The sequencing of the peptides from DQ6 (B*0602) identified three fractions: (1) IINEPTAAAIAYGLD (Bovine HSP70), (2) IINEPTAAAIAGLDR (Human HSP70), and (3) NPRDAKACVVHGSDLK (Na+/K+ ATPase). |
| 17464 | 12021135 | Associations of HLA-DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 and DR4 with IA-2 antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) patients are known. |
| 17465 | 12021135 | The aim of the present study was to look for association of HLA DR and DQ with GAD65, IA2 and ICA12 antibodies in IDDM (n = 97), LADA (n = 32), and malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) (n = 22) patients from northern India. |
| 17466 | 12021135 | Antibodies to GAD65, IA-2, and ICA-12 were assayed by radioimmunoassay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65, IA2, and ICA12 using the in vitro transcription-translation method. |
| 17467 | 12021135 | We found DR3 (29% vs. 11%) and DQ2 (36% vs. 14%) were increased in GAD65 antibody-positive compared to GAD65 antibody-negative IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17468 | 12021135 | ICA 12 antibodies were increased in either DR3 or DR4 (84% vs. 69%) positives compared to non-DR3/DR4 IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17469 | 12021135 | However in LADA patients, ICA12 was increased in non-DR3/DR4 patients compared to DR3- or DR4-positive patients (P < 0.05). |
| 17470 | 12021135 | Associations of HLA-DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 and DR4 with IA-2 antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) patients are known. |
| 17471 | 12021135 | The aim of the present study was to look for association of HLA DR and DQ with GAD65, IA2 and ICA12 antibodies in IDDM (n = 97), LADA (n = 32), and malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) (n = 22) patients from northern India. |
| 17472 | 12021135 | Antibodies to GAD65, IA-2, and ICA-12 were assayed by radioimmunoassay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65, IA2, and ICA12 using the in vitro transcription-translation method. |
| 17473 | 12021135 | We found DR3 (29% vs. 11%) and DQ2 (36% vs. 14%) were increased in GAD65 antibody-positive compared to GAD65 antibody-negative IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17474 | 12021135 | ICA 12 antibodies were increased in either DR3 or DR4 (84% vs. 69%) positives compared to non-DR3/DR4 IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17475 | 12021135 | However in LADA patients, ICA12 was increased in non-DR3/DR4 patients compared to DR3- or DR4-positive patients (P < 0.05). |
| 17476 | 12021135 | Associations of HLA-DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 and DR4 with IA-2 antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) patients are known. |
| 17477 | 12021135 | The aim of the present study was to look for association of HLA DR and DQ with GAD65, IA2 and ICA12 antibodies in IDDM (n = 97), LADA (n = 32), and malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) (n = 22) patients from northern India. |
| 17478 | 12021135 | Antibodies to GAD65, IA-2, and ICA-12 were assayed by radioimmunoassay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65, IA2, and ICA12 using the in vitro transcription-translation method. |
| 17479 | 12021135 | We found DR3 (29% vs. 11%) and DQ2 (36% vs. 14%) were increased in GAD65 antibody-positive compared to GAD65 antibody-negative IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17480 | 12021135 | ICA 12 antibodies were increased in either DR3 or DR4 (84% vs. 69%) positives compared to non-DR3/DR4 IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17481 | 12021135 | However in LADA patients, ICA12 was increased in non-DR3/DR4 patients compared to DR3- or DR4-positive patients (P < 0.05). |
| 17482 | 12021135 | Associations of HLA-DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 and DR4 with IA-2 antibodies in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and DR3/DQ2 with GAD65 antibodies in latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA) patients are known. |
| 17483 | 12021135 | The aim of the present study was to look for association of HLA DR and DQ with GAD65, IA2 and ICA12 antibodies in IDDM (n = 97), LADA (n = 32), and malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM) (n = 22) patients from northern India. |
| 17484 | 12021135 | Antibodies to GAD65, IA-2, and ICA-12 were assayed by radioimmunoassay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65, IA2, and ICA12 using the in vitro transcription-translation method. |
| 17485 | 12021135 | We found DR3 (29% vs. 11%) and DQ2 (36% vs. 14%) were increased in GAD65 antibody-positive compared to GAD65 antibody-negative IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17486 | 12021135 | ICA 12 antibodies were increased in either DR3 or DR4 (84% vs. 69%) positives compared to non-DR3/DR4 IDDM patients (P > 0.05). |
| 17487 | 12021135 | However in LADA patients, ICA12 was increased in non-DR3/DR4 patients compared to DR3- or DR4-positive patients (P < 0.05). |
| 17488 | 12021138 | MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India. |
| 17489 | 12021138 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17490 | 12021138 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17491 | 12021138 | MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17492 | 12021138 | The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 17493 | 12021138 | Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies. |
| 17494 | 12021138 | Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system. |
| 17495 | 12021138 | MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM. |
| 17496 | 12021138 | MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India. |
| 17497 | 12021138 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17498 | 12021138 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17499 | 12021138 | MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17500 | 12021138 | The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 17501 | 12021138 | Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies. |
| 17502 | 12021138 | Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system. |
| 17503 | 12021138 | MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM. |
| 17504 | 12021138 | MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India. |
| 17505 | 12021138 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17506 | 12021138 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17507 | 12021138 | MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17508 | 12021138 | The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 17509 | 12021138 | Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies. |
| 17510 | 12021138 | Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system. |
| 17511 | 12021138 | MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM. |
| 17512 | 12021138 | MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India. |
| 17513 | 12021138 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development. |
| 17514 | 12021138 | In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region. |
| 17515 | 12021138 | MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17516 | 12021138 | The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients. |
| 17517 | 12021138 | Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies. |
| 17518 | 12021138 | Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system. |
| 17519 | 12021138 | MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM. |
| 17520 | 12021140 | Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians. |
| 17521 | 12021140 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17522 | 12021140 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17523 | 12021140 | The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17524 | 12021140 | Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016). |
| 17525 | 12021140 | In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17526 | 12021140 | Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians. |
| 17527 | 12021140 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17528 | 12021140 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17529 | 12021140 | The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17530 | 12021140 | Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016). |
| 17531 | 12021140 | In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17532 | 12021140 | Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians. |
| 17533 | 12021140 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17534 | 12021140 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17535 | 12021140 | The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17536 | 12021140 | Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016). |
| 17537 | 12021140 | In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17538 | 12021140 | Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians. |
| 17539 | 12021140 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17540 | 12021140 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17541 | 12021140 | The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. |
| 17542 | 12021140 | Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016). |
| 17543 | 12021140 | In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 17544 | 12021141 | From our previous studies, we have shown that microsatellite allele A5 of MICA is associated with IDDM. |
| 17545 | 12021141 | Out of 100 clinically diagnosed NIDDM patients, 49 tested positive for GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies by use of 35S RIA. |
| 17546 | 12021141 | Our results show that MICA allele A5.1 is significantly increased in antibody-positive (GAD65 or IA-2) NIDDM patients [35/49 (72%)] when compared to healthy controls [22/96 (23%)] (OR = 8.4; P < 0.0001). |
| 17547 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17548 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17549 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17550 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17551 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17552 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17553 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17554 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17555 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17556 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17557 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17558 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17559 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17560 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17561 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17562 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17563 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17564 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17565 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17566 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17567 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17568 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17569 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17570 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17571 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17572 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17573 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17574 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17575 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17576 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17577 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17578 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17579 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17580 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17581 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17582 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17583 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17584 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17585 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17586 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17587 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17588 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17589 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17590 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17591 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17592 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17593 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17594 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17595 | 12021142 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians. |
| 17596 | 12021142 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases. |
| 17597 | 12021142 | Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 17598 | 12021142 | HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations. |
| 17599 | 12021142 | The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease. |
| 17600 | 12021142 | Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM. |
| 17601 | 12021142 | We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls. |
| 17602 | 12021142 | The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease. |
| 17603 | 12021143 | IDDM is positively associated with HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQ8) and DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) and negatively associated with DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 (DQ6). |
| 17604 | 12021143 | HLA genotyping identified several polymorphic residues of the DQalpha and DQbeta to be either positively or negatively associated with IDDM, including Arg 52 DQalpha and Asp 57 DQbeta. |
| 17605 | 12021143 | IDDM is positively associated with HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 (DQ8) and DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (DQ2) and negatively associated with DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 (DQ6). |
| 17606 | 12021143 | HLA genotyping identified several polymorphic residues of the DQalpha and DQbeta to be either positively or negatively associated with IDDM, including Arg 52 DQalpha and Asp 57 DQbeta. |
| 17607 | 12021155 | This study used noninvasive methods to assess disturbance in cardiovascular function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 17608 | 12030374 | Two cytosine-adenine (CA) repeats CAR/CAL and RepIN20 occur in the human SEL1L gene, which is regarded as a candidate gene for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Grave's disease. |
| 17609 | 12030374 | The average heterozygosity was 0.68 for CAR/CAL polymorphism and 0.85 for RepIN20. |
| 17610 | 12030374 | The size of PCR fragments of CAR/CAL ranged from 207-225 bp and the most frequent allele was 207 bp (40.4%). |
| 17611 | 12030374 | In the light of the highly polymorphic nature of both microsatellites and their intragenic location in SEL1L gene, we suggest that they could provide a means for linkage analysis to clarify the potential role of SEL1L in conferring susceptibility to IDDM or Grave's disease. |
| 17612 | 12030374 | Two cytosine-adenine (CA) repeats CAR/CAL and RepIN20 occur in the human SEL1L gene, which is regarded as a candidate gene for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Grave's disease. |
| 17613 | 12030374 | The average heterozygosity was 0.68 for CAR/CAL polymorphism and 0.85 for RepIN20. |
| 17614 | 12030374 | The size of PCR fragments of CAR/CAL ranged from 207-225 bp and the most frequent allele was 207 bp (40.4%). |
| 17615 | 12030374 | In the light of the highly polymorphic nature of both microsatellites and their intragenic location in SEL1L gene, we suggest that they could provide a means for linkage analysis to clarify the potential role of SEL1L in conferring susceptibility to IDDM or Grave's disease. |
| 17616 | 12031988 | The diabetes-prone BB rat carries a frameshift mutation in Ian4, a positional candidate of Iddm1. |
| 17617 | 12031988 | Functional and genetic data support the hypothesis that the gene responsible for the lymphopenia, Lyp, is also a diabetes susceptibility gene, named Iddm1. |
| 17618 | 12031988 | Two of these are orthologous to mouse Ian1 and -4, both excellent candidates for Iddm1. |
| 17619 | 12031988 | In the thymus of lymphopenic rats, Ian1 exhibits wild-type expression patterns, whereas Ian4 expression is reduced. |
| 17620 | 12031988 | We propose that Ian4 is identical to Iddm1. |
| 17621 | 12031988 | The diabetes-prone BB rat carries a frameshift mutation in Ian4, a positional candidate of Iddm1. |
| 17622 | 12031988 | Functional and genetic data support the hypothesis that the gene responsible for the lymphopenia, Lyp, is also a diabetes susceptibility gene, named Iddm1. |
| 17623 | 12031988 | Two of these are orthologous to mouse Ian1 and -4, both excellent candidates for Iddm1. |
| 17624 | 12031988 | In the thymus of lymphopenic rats, Ian1 exhibits wild-type expression patterns, whereas Ian4 expression is reduced. |
| 17625 | 12031988 | We propose that Ian4 is identical to Iddm1. |
| 17626 | 12031988 | The diabetes-prone BB rat carries a frameshift mutation in Ian4, a positional candidate of Iddm1. |
| 17627 | 12031988 | Functional and genetic data support the hypothesis that the gene responsible for the lymphopenia, Lyp, is also a diabetes susceptibility gene, named Iddm1. |
| 17628 | 12031988 | Two of these are orthologous to mouse Ian1 and -4, both excellent candidates for Iddm1. |
| 17629 | 12031988 | In the thymus of lymphopenic rats, Ian1 exhibits wild-type expression patterns, whereas Ian4 expression is reduced. |
| 17630 | 12031988 | We propose that Ian4 is identical to Iddm1. |
| 17631 | 12031988 | The diabetes-prone BB rat carries a frameshift mutation in Ian4, a positional candidate of Iddm1. |
| 17632 | 12031988 | Functional and genetic data support the hypothesis that the gene responsible for the lymphopenia, Lyp, is also a diabetes susceptibility gene, named Iddm1. |
| 17633 | 12031988 | Two of these are orthologous to mouse Ian1 and -4, both excellent candidates for Iddm1. |
| 17634 | 12031988 | In the thymus of lymphopenic rats, Ian1 exhibits wild-type expression patterns, whereas Ian4 expression is reduced. |
| 17635 | 12031988 | We propose that Ian4 is identical to Iddm1. |
| 17636 | 12042892 | We conclude that the indications for a renal biopsy in nephrotic children with and without insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) should be similar. |
| 17637 | 12047362 | Several studies have demonstrated an association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated molecule 4 (CTLA-4) (IDDM 12) alanine 17 with type 1 diabetes, but we wished to study the parental effect of CTLA-4 49 A/G dimorphism in diabetic families. |
| 17638 | 12047362 | The CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism (49 A/G), HLA-DRB1 and insulin gene (INS) variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) were analysed in 134 type 1 diabetic patients vs. 273 control subjects. |
| 17639 | 12047362 | The distribution of GG, AG and AA CTLA-4 genotypes was similar in the two groups (13, 57 and 30% vs. 11, 54 and 35%, respectively) and was independent of HLA-DRB1 or INS VNTR polymorphism. |
| 17640 | 12047362 | The combined transmission of maternal CTLA-4 G with HLA-DRB1*03 (90%; tdt = 6.4; P < 0.01) and VNTR class I (80%; tdt = 5.4; P < 0.02) enhanced the susceptibility effect of each marker separately. |
| 17641 | 12047362 | We noted a slight CTLA-4 49 G and HLA-DRB1*04 distortion of transmission shared in paternal and maternal diabetic meiosis. |
| 17642 | 12047362 | In non-diabetic offspring, the CTLA-4 49 A allele confers a protective effect in the presence of maternal HLA-DRB1*03 and paternal HLA-DRB1*04 alleles. |
| 17643 | 12047362 | Despite the absence of a positive association of the CTLA-4 49 G allele with type 1 diabetes, our segregation analysis supports the hypothesis of a modulation by CTLA-4 49 G/A dimorphism of the susceptibility conferred by maternal HLA-DRB1*03 inheritance. |
| 17644 | 12065235 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a disease characterized by the autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells, which requires the expression of a number of immune-related genes including major histocompatibility complex proteins, cytokines, chemokines, and cytotoxic enzymes, many of which are regulated by the transcription factor, NFkappaB. |
| 17645 | 12067838 | Using R-beta-[1-(11)C]hydroxybutyrate and positron emission tomography, we studied the effect of acute hyperketonemia (range 0.7-1.7 micromol/ml) on cerebral ketone body utilization in six nondiabetic subjects and six insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients with average metabolic control (HbA(1c) = 8.1 +/- 1.7%). |
| 17646 | 12092185 | IDDM has, because of insulin lack, increased levels of triglycerides and afferent lipoproteins. |
| 17647 | 12108794 | Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe metabolic disturbance of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) which has a significant effect on amino acid metabolism. |
| 17648 | 12118252 | The autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) has a multifactorial etiology. |
| 17649 | 12118252 | The Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat is a spontaneous animal model of human type 1 diabetes in which the major susceptibility locus Iddm/kdp1 accounts, in combination with MHC, for most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes. |
| 17650 | 12118252 | Here we report the positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1 and identify a nonsense mutation in Cblb, a member of the Cbl/Sli family of ubiquitin-protein ligases. |
| 17651 | 12118252 | The autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) has a multifactorial etiology. |
| 17652 | 12118252 | The Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat is a spontaneous animal model of human type 1 diabetes in which the major susceptibility locus Iddm/kdp1 accounts, in combination with MHC, for most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes. |
| 17653 | 12118252 | Here we report the positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1 and identify a nonsense mutation in Cblb, a member of the Cbl/Sli family of ubiquitin-protein ligases. |
| 17654 | 12118252 | The autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) has a multifactorial etiology. |
| 17655 | 12118252 | The Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat is a spontaneous animal model of human type 1 diabetes in which the major susceptibility locus Iddm/kdp1 accounts, in combination with MHC, for most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes. |
| 17656 | 12118252 | Here we report the positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1 and identify a nonsense mutation in Cblb, a member of the Cbl/Sli family of ubiquitin-protein ligases. |
| 17657 | 12121278 | In total, 37 HLA-DQA1 heterozygous individuals were analysed, including patients with IDDM (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 23). |
| 17658 | 12126788 | Oxidative stress plays an important role in the chronic complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17659 | 12127157 | The recently observed beneficial effects exerted by C-peptide in insulin-dependent diabetes patients (IDDM) have instigated research into the mechanisms of C-peptide action as well as the location for it. |
| 17660 | 12140742 | The largest contribution from a single locus (IDDM1) comes from several genes located in the MHC complex on chromosome 6p21.3, accounting for at least 40% of the familial aggregation of this disease. |
| 17661 | 12165626 | Two children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) presented with diabetic ketoacidosis within 4 months of being diagnosed with Kawasaki disease (KD). |
| 17662 | 12200759 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that selectively destroys insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells. |
| 17663 | 12200759 | The children were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory estimation of anticardiolipin IgG and IgM antibodies and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)). |
| 17664 | 12227663 | In this article, we explored relations between selected Rorschach variables and blood glucose control in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 17665 | 12235110 | Defects in IL-4-producing CD1d-autoreactive NKT cells have been implicated in numerous Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and systemic sclerosis. |
| 17666 | 12235110 | Particular attention has been focused on autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) because nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and humans with IDDM are both reported to express severe deficiencies in the frequency and Th2 functions of NKT cells. |
| 17667 | 12235110 | We have now devised a direct, highly specific CD1d tetramer-based methodology to test whether humans with IDDM have associated NKT cell defects. |
| 17668 | 12235110 | Surprisingly, although we find marked and stable differences in NKT cells between individuals, our study of IDDM patients and healthy controls, including discordant twin pairs, demonstrates that NKT cell frequency and IL-4 production are conserved during the course of IDDM. |
| 17669 | 12235110 | Defects in IL-4-producing CD1d-autoreactive NKT cells have been implicated in numerous Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and systemic sclerosis. |
| 17670 | 12235110 | Particular attention has been focused on autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) because nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and humans with IDDM are both reported to express severe deficiencies in the frequency and Th2 functions of NKT cells. |
| 17671 | 12235110 | We have now devised a direct, highly specific CD1d tetramer-based methodology to test whether humans with IDDM have associated NKT cell defects. |
| 17672 | 12235110 | Surprisingly, although we find marked and stable differences in NKT cells between individuals, our study of IDDM patients and healthy controls, including discordant twin pairs, demonstrates that NKT cell frequency and IL-4 production are conserved during the course of IDDM. |
| 17673 | 12235110 | Defects in IL-4-producing CD1d-autoreactive NKT cells have been implicated in numerous Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases, including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and systemic sclerosis. |
| 17674 | 12235110 | Particular attention has been focused on autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) because nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and humans with IDDM are both reported to express severe deficiencies in the frequency and Th2 functions of NKT cells. |
| 17675 | 12235110 | We have now devised a direct, highly specific CD1d tetramer-based methodology to test whether humans with IDDM have associated NKT cell defects. |
| 17676 | 12235110 | Surprisingly, although we find marked and stable differences in NKT cells between individuals, our study of IDDM patients and healthy controls, including discordant twin pairs, demonstrates that NKT cell frequency and IL-4 production are conserved during the course of IDDM. |
| 17677 | 12370859 | We examined the susceptibility of the GSH pathway to oxidation and inactivation in subjects with well-controlled and poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) versus controls and the effect of glycemic control on this susceptibility. |
| 17678 | 12383202 | The chemokine stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) controls maturation, trafficking, and homing of certain subsets, lymphoid cells including immunogenic B and T cells, as a ligand of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor. |
| 17679 | 12383202 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), both highly regulated autoimmune diseases, develop spontaneously in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 17680 | 12383202 | In addition, in the SDF-1-Ig group, a greater number of immunoglobulin M (IgM)- IgD- B220(low) CD38+ CD43+ CD23- progenitor B cells and IgM+ IgD+ B220(high) CD43- CD38+ CD24+ CD23+ mature B cells remained in the bone marrow, whereas infiltration of mature IgM+ B cells was less extensive in peripheral tissues. |
| 17681 | 12397025 | Persons with conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appear to be impaired in their ability to reduce fed-state urea production appropriately in response to dietary protein restriction (Hoffer LJ, Taveroff A, and Schiffrin A. |
| 17682 | 12397025 | Eight normal subjects and six IDDM subjects treated with twice-daily intermediate- and short-acting insulin consumed a mixed test meal containing 0.50 g protein/kg after adaptation to 4 days of high protein intake (1.28 g protein/kg body wt) and again after 5 days of dietary protein restriction (0.044 g/kg). |
| 17683 | 12397025 | We conclude that whole body SAA metabolism is normal in conventionally treated IDDM before and after dietary protein restriction. |
| 17684 | 12397025 | SAA catabolism, as measured by fed-state sulfate production, may be a convenient and useful method to determine the extent of whole body protein dysregulation in IDDM. |
| 17685 | 12397025 | Persons with conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appear to be impaired in their ability to reduce fed-state urea production appropriately in response to dietary protein restriction (Hoffer LJ, Taveroff A, and Schiffrin A. |
| 17686 | 12397025 | Eight normal subjects and six IDDM subjects treated with twice-daily intermediate- and short-acting insulin consumed a mixed test meal containing 0.50 g protein/kg after adaptation to 4 days of high protein intake (1.28 g protein/kg body wt) and again after 5 days of dietary protein restriction (0.044 g/kg). |
| 17687 | 12397025 | We conclude that whole body SAA metabolism is normal in conventionally treated IDDM before and after dietary protein restriction. |
| 17688 | 12397025 | SAA catabolism, as measured by fed-state sulfate production, may be a convenient and useful method to determine the extent of whole body protein dysregulation in IDDM. |
| 17689 | 12397025 | Persons with conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appear to be impaired in their ability to reduce fed-state urea production appropriately in response to dietary protein restriction (Hoffer LJ, Taveroff A, and Schiffrin A. |
| 17690 | 12397025 | Eight normal subjects and six IDDM subjects treated with twice-daily intermediate- and short-acting insulin consumed a mixed test meal containing 0.50 g protein/kg after adaptation to 4 days of high protein intake (1.28 g protein/kg body wt) and again after 5 days of dietary protein restriction (0.044 g/kg). |
| 17691 | 12397025 | We conclude that whole body SAA metabolism is normal in conventionally treated IDDM before and after dietary protein restriction. |
| 17692 | 12397025 | SAA catabolism, as measured by fed-state sulfate production, may be a convenient and useful method to determine the extent of whole body protein dysregulation in IDDM. |
| 17693 | 12397025 | Persons with conventionally treated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) appear to be impaired in their ability to reduce fed-state urea production appropriately in response to dietary protein restriction (Hoffer LJ, Taveroff A, and Schiffrin A. |
| 17694 | 12397025 | Eight normal subjects and six IDDM subjects treated with twice-daily intermediate- and short-acting insulin consumed a mixed test meal containing 0.50 g protein/kg after adaptation to 4 days of high protein intake (1.28 g protein/kg body wt) and again after 5 days of dietary protein restriction (0.044 g/kg). |
| 17695 | 12397025 | We conclude that whole body SAA metabolism is normal in conventionally treated IDDM before and after dietary protein restriction. |
| 17696 | 12397025 | SAA catabolism, as measured by fed-state sulfate production, may be a convenient and useful method to determine the extent of whole body protein dysregulation in IDDM. |
| 17697 | 12426661 | In 31 cases, we found autoimmune thyroid disorders, then came glomerulonephritis (3), immune thrombocytopenia (3), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (2), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (1), seronegative spondylarthritis (1), systemic lupus erythematosus (1), mixed connective tissue disease (1), scleroderma (1), and vasculitis (1). |
| 17698 | 12436467 | We illustrate these methods using data from a study of diabetic retinopathy consisting of 277 subjects with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17699 | 12439786 | Adenoviral insulin gene therapy prolongs survival of IDDM model BB rats by improving hyperlipidemia. |
| 17700 | 12439786 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) model BB/Wor//Tky (BB) rats exhibit both hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and die within 3 weeks after the onset of diabetes unless insulin therapy is given. |
| 17701 | 12439786 | Adenoviral insulin gene therapy prolongs survival of IDDM model BB rats by improving hyperlipidemia. |
| 17702 | 12439786 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) model BB/Wor//Tky (BB) rats exhibit both hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and die within 3 weeks after the onset of diabetes unless insulin therapy is given. |
| 17703 | 12466346 | To more clearly define the impact of early diabetic alterations in the male reproductive axis, we applied a combined strategy of patient selection restricted to young men with relatively short duration of IDDM, dual control groups, multiparameter deconvolution analysis to assess LH secretory activity, and assessment of time-dependent changes in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated serum testosterone concentrations. |
| 17704 | 12466346 | Uncontrolled IDDM patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower integrated serum LH concentrations after the first and second GnRH pulses (first GnRH pulse, 4460 +/- 770 vs. 7250 +/- 1200 and 5120 +/- 910 IU/liter; second pulse, 4700 +/- 615 vs. 7640 +/- 881 and 7100 +/- 1230 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy men, respectively) and markedly attenuated LH secretory burst mass after the second GnRH stimulus (49 +/- 8.8 vs. 90 +/- 13 and 83 +/- 19 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy controls, respectively). |
| 17705 | 12466346 | The biological to immunological ratio of LH released in baseline conditions was higher in uncontrolled IDDM patients (0.81 +/- 0.10) than in controlled IDDM (0.37 +/- 0.08) and healthy controls (0.48 +/- 0.06; P < 0.01), whereas LH released in response to exogenous GnRH exhibited comparable ratios among the three study cohorts. |
| 17706 | 12466346 | Collectively, these results indicate that the function of the hypothalamic-gonadotrope axis is compromised in young men with poorly controlled IDDM, such that the amplitude of spontaneous pulsatile and exogenous GnRH-stimulated LH secretion is attenuated. |
| 17707 | 12466346 | To more clearly define the impact of early diabetic alterations in the male reproductive axis, we applied a combined strategy of patient selection restricted to young men with relatively short duration of IDDM, dual control groups, multiparameter deconvolution analysis to assess LH secretory activity, and assessment of time-dependent changes in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated serum testosterone concentrations. |
| 17708 | 12466346 | Uncontrolled IDDM patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower integrated serum LH concentrations after the first and second GnRH pulses (first GnRH pulse, 4460 +/- 770 vs. 7250 +/- 1200 and 5120 +/- 910 IU/liter; second pulse, 4700 +/- 615 vs. 7640 +/- 881 and 7100 +/- 1230 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy men, respectively) and markedly attenuated LH secretory burst mass after the second GnRH stimulus (49 +/- 8.8 vs. 90 +/- 13 and 83 +/- 19 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy controls, respectively). |
| 17709 | 12466346 | The biological to immunological ratio of LH released in baseline conditions was higher in uncontrolled IDDM patients (0.81 +/- 0.10) than in controlled IDDM (0.37 +/- 0.08) and healthy controls (0.48 +/- 0.06; P < 0.01), whereas LH released in response to exogenous GnRH exhibited comparable ratios among the three study cohorts. |
| 17710 | 12466346 | Collectively, these results indicate that the function of the hypothalamic-gonadotrope axis is compromised in young men with poorly controlled IDDM, such that the amplitude of spontaneous pulsatile and exogenous GnRH-stimulated LH secretion is attenuated. |
| 17711 | 12466346 | To more clearly define the impact of early diabetic alterations in the male reproductive axis, we applied a combined strategy of patient selection restricted to young men with relatively short duration of IDDM, dual control groups, multiparameter deconvolution analysis to assess LH secretory activity, and assessment of time-dependent changes in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated serum testosterone concentrations. |
| 17712 | 12466346 | Uncontrolled IDDM patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower integrated serum LH concentrations after the first and second GnRH pulses (first GnRH pulse, 4460 +/- 770 vs. 7250 +/- 1200 and 5120 +/- 910 IU/liter; second pulse, 4700 +/- 615 vs. 7640 +/- 881 and 7100 +/- 1230 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy men, respectively) and markedly attenuated LH secretory burst mass after the second GnRH stimulus (49 +/- 8.8 vs. 90 +/- 13 and 83 +/- 19 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy controls, respectively). |
| 17713 | 12466346 | The biological to immunological ratio of LH released in baseline conditions was higher in uncontrolled IDDM patients (0.81 +/- 0.10) than in controlled IDDM (0.37 +/- 0.08) and healthy controls (0.48 +/- 0.06; P < 0.01), whereas LH released in response to exogenous GnRH exhibited comparable ratios among the three study cohorts. |
| 17714 | 12466346 | Collectively, these results indicate that the function of the hypothalamic-gonadotrope axis is compromised in young men with poorly controlled IDDM, such that the amplitude of spontaneous pulsatile and exogenous GnRH-stimulated LH secretion is attenuated. |
| 17715 | 12466346 | To more clearly define the impact of early diabetic alterations in the male reproductive axis, we applied a combined strategy of patient selection restricted to young men with relatively short duration of IDDM, dual control groups, multiparameter deconvolution analysis to assess LH secretory activity, and assessment of time-dependent changes in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated serum testosterone concentrations. |
| 17716 | 12466346 | Uncontrolled IDDM patients had significantly (P < 0.05) lower integrated serum LH concentrations after the first and second GnRH pulses (first GnRH pulse, 4460 +/- 770 vs. 7250 +/- 1200 and 5120 +/- 910 IU/liter; second pulse, 4700 +/- 615 vs. 7640 +/- 881 and 7100 +/- 1230 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy men, respectively) and markedly attenuated LH secretory burst mass after the second GnRH stimulus (49 +/- 8.8 vs. 90 +/- 13 and 83 +/- 19 IU/liter; poorly controlled vs. well controlled IDDM and healthy controls, respectively). |
| 17717 | 12466346 | The biological to immunological ratio of LH released in baseline conditions was higher in uncontrolled IDDM patients (0.81 +/- 0.10) than in controlled IDDM (0.37 +/- 0.08) and healthy controls (0.48 +/- 0.06; P < 0.01), whereas LH released in response to exogenous GnRH exhibited comparable ratios among the three study cohorts. |
| 17718 | 12466346 | Collectively, these results indicate that the function of the hypothalamic-gonadotrope axis is compromised in young men with poorly controlled IDDM, such that the amplitude of spontaneous pulsatile and exogenous GnRH-stimulated LH secretion is attenuated. |
| 17719 | 12473241 | Insulin is a predominant autoantigen in IDDM in man and the NOD mouse. |
| 17720 | 12473241 | None of the known pancreatic transcription factors for insulin; Pdx-1, Pax6 or Nkx6.1 were detectable in the thymus of Balb/c mice. |
| 17721 | 12473241 | These results support the idea that low insulin expression in the thymus may be a predisposing cause for development of diabetes in NOD mice analogous with what has been found in humans with the disease-disposing IDDM2 allele. |
| 17722 | 12473241 | Insulin is a predominant autoantigen in IDDM in man and the NOD mouse. |
| 17723 | 12473241 | None of the known pancreatic transcription factors for insulin; Pdx-1, Pax6 or Nkx6.1 were detectable in the thymus of Balb/c mice. |
| 17724 | 12473241 | These results support the idea that low insulin expression in the thymus may be a predisposing cause for development of diabetes in NOD mice analogous with what has been found in humans with the disease-disposing IDDM2 allele. |
| 17725 | 12475765 | One identified locus has a major effect on type 1 diabetes susceptibility (IDDM1), whereas other loci have significant, yet small, individual effects (IDDM2, IDDM15). |
| 17726 | 12482192 | Clustering of cases of insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) occurring three years after hemophilus influenza B (HiB) immunization support causal relationship between immunization and IDDM. |
| 17727 | 12498096 | The levels of blood lymphocyte NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases were investigated in children and teenagers with different duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17728 | 12498096 | The level of some NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases changed proportionally in dependence of IDDM duration and insulin therapy did not restore their activities to the normal level. |
| 17729 | 12498096 | The levels of blood lymphocyte NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases were investigated in children and teenagers with different duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17730 | 12498096 | The level of some NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases changed proportionally in dependence of IDDM duration and insulin therapy did not restore their activities to the normal level. |
| 17731 | 12501559 | Since insulin measuring from sera became a routine laboratory test these two main types were nominated as insulin-dependent, and insulin non-dependent types (IDDM and NIDDM). |
| 17732 | 12512830 | These findings revealed that S. mansoni egg deposition which leads to a shift from Th1 (IFN-gamma mainly) to Th2 (IL4, IL5, IL10 and TGF-beta cytokine profiles causes down-regulation of the Th1 cell mediated autoimmune insulin dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17733 | 12520517 | Vitamin D-deficiency in infancy and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms may be risk factors for insulin-dependent Diabetes mellitus (IDDM). 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its analogs significantly repress the development of insulitis and diabetes in the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a model of human IDDM. 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) may modulate IDDM disease pathogenesis by repression of type I cytokines, inhibition of dendritic cell maturation, and upregulation of regulatory T cells. |
| 17734 | 12521082 | On the contrary, in IDDM dysautonomia was independent of peripheral neuropathy. |
| 17735 | 12570678 | In particular, we have successfully used this approach to deliver neutralizing cytokine receptors such as interferon gamma (IFNgamma)-receptor-Ig fusion proteins or anti-inflammatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) and interleukin 4 (IL-4). |
| 17736 | 12570678 | Intramuscular gene therapy is effective in protecting against several experimental autoimmune diseases including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). |
| 17737 | 12594852 | The imbalance of Th1/Th2 subsets is an important pathogenic mechanism for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17738 | 12594852 | We hypothesize that exogenous CGRP administration during insulitis may modulate the balance of Th lymphocytes, thereby providing a therapeutic intervention for IDDM. |
| 17739 | 12594852 | The effect of CGRP gene transfer on pathogenesis of IDDM was observedin autoimmune diabetic C57BL mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS) administration. |
| 17740 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer significantly inhibited T cell proliferation and secretion of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, increased the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10, but had no effect on IL-4 and TGF-beta1 secretion. |
| 17741 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer also decreased IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in peritoneal effusion. |
| 17742 | 12594852 | Our results demonstrate that CGRP gene transfer selectively suppresses the pro-inflammatory Th1 subsets and promote anti-inflammatory Th2 subsets, resulting in amelioration of beta cell destruction and reduction of IDDM occurrence in mice with MLDS-induced diabetes. |
| 17743 | 12594852 | The imbalance of Th1/Th2 subsets is an important pathogenic mechanism for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17744 | 12594852 | We hypothesize that exogenous CGRP administration during insulitis may modulate the balance of Th lymphocytes, thereby providing a therapeutic intervention for IDDM. |
| 17745 | 12594852 | The effect of CGRP gene transfer on pathogenesis of IDDM was observedin autoimmune diabetic C57BL mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS) administration. |
| 17746 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer significantly inhibited T cell proliferation and secretion of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, increased the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10, but had no effect on IL-4 and TGF-beta1 secretion. |
| 17747 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer also decreased IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in peritoneal effusion. |
| 17748 | 12594852 | Our results demonstrate that CGRP gene transfer selectively suppresses the pro-inflammatory Th1 subsets and promote anti-inflammatory Th2 subsets, resulting in amelioration of beta cell destruction and reduction of IDDM occurrence in mice with MLDS-induced diabetes. |
| 17749 | 12594852 | The imbalance of Th1/Th2 subsets is an important pathogenic mechanism for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17750 | 12594852 | We hypothesize that exogenous CGRP administration during insulitis may modulate the balance of Th lymphocytes, thereby providing a therapeutic intervention for IDDM. |
| 17751 | 12594852 | The effect of CGRP gene transfer on pathogenesis of IDDM was observedin autoimmune diabetic C57BL mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS) administration. |
| 17752 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer significantly inhibited T cell proliferation and secretion of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, increased the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10, but had no effect on IL-4 and TGF-beta1 secretion. |
| 17753 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer also decreased IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in peritoneal effusion. |
| 17754 | 12594852 | Our results demonstrate that CGRP gene transfer selectively suppresses the pro-inflammatory Th1 subsets and promote anti-inflammatory Th2 subsets, resulting in amelioration of beta cell destruction and reduction of IDDM occurrence in mice with MLDS-induced diabetes. |
| 17755 | 12594852 | The imbalance of Th1/Th2 subsets is an important pathogenic mechanism for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17756 | 12594852 | We hypothesize that exogenous CGRP administration during insulitis may modulate the balance of Th lymphocytes, thereby providing a therapeutic intervention for IDDM. |
| 17757 | 12594852 | The effect of CGRP gene transfer on pathogenesis of IDDM was observedin autoimmune diabetic C57BL mice induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin (MLDS) administration. |
| 17758 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer significantly inhibited T cell proliferation and secretion of the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, increased the level of the Th2 cytokine IL-10, but had no effect on IL-4 and TGF-beta1 secretion. |
| 17759 | 12594852 | CGRP gene transfer also decreased IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels in peritoneal effusion. |
| 17760 | 12594852 | Our results demonstrate that CGRP gene transfer selectively suppresses the pro-inflammatory Th1 subsets and promote anti-inflammatory Th2 subsets, resulting in amelioration of beta cell destruction and reduction of IDDM occurrence in mice with MLDS-induced diabetes. |
| 17761 | 12613008 | A 80-year-old female with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) visited our hospital on November 24, 1999, because of nausea, vomiting and macrohematuria. |
| 17762 | 12647272 | From earlier studies it appears that weaning associated changes in the animal's physiology and that of the pancreas in particular, render diabetes-prone Bio-Breeding (DP-BB) rats susceptible to the induction and development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17763 | 12647272 | Interestingly, when testing (mucosal) immune functions of short-term HC-fed rats, their mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) showed increased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and reduced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production after in vitro stimulation. |
| 17764 | 12648278 | The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DQB1*0201/0202-DRB1*04 genotype has been identified as predisposing to type 1 diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] in the Saudi Arabian population (P = 0.0002; odds ratio = 0.67; 95% confidence interval = 0.009-0.381). |
| 17765 | 12648278 | In this study, we searched for a factor at the DPB1 locus by analysing DPB1 polymorphism using sequence-based typing in 86 Saudi IDDM patients and control subjects, all carrying the HLA-DRB1*04/DQB1*02 haplotype or the known susceptibility allele DQB1*0201/0202. |
| 17766 | 12648278 | The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II DQB1*0201/0202-DRB1*04 genotype has been identified as predisposing to type 1 diabetes [insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)] in the Saudi Arabian population (P = 0.0002; odds ratio = 0.67; 95% confidence interval = 0.009-0.381). |
| 17767 | 12648278 | In this study, we searched for a factor at the DPB1 locus by analysing DPB1 polymorphism using sequence-based typing in 86 Saudi IDDM patients and control subjects, all carrying the HLA-DRB1*04/DQB1*02 haplotype or the known susceptibility allele DQB1*0201/0202. |
| 17768 | 12657523 | Both the CD4(+) and CD8(+) subsets of T cells are required for the normal development of IDDM in NOD mice. |
| 17769 | 12657523 | We have isolated a GAD(65) reactive, cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell clone R1 that produces large quantities of IFNgamma and accelerates the onset of insulitis. |
| 17770 | 12657523 | This clone proliferates and produces IFNgamma in response to GAD(65) presenting APCs and kills GAD(65) presenting targets. |
| 17771 | 12657523 | Furthermore, it expresses TNFalpha, CD25, CD28, CD44, CD45 and LFA1, but not CD95L This is the first example of a GAD(65)specific CD8(+) T cell clone that accelerates the onset of the insulitis, although it does not appear to accelerate the onset of diabetes. |
| 17772 | 12657525 | Independent crossing studies have demonstrated that diabetes in the BB rat is explained by at least three recessively acting genes termed Iddm1 (major histocompatibility complex), Iddm2 (lymphopenia), Iddm3 (unknown). |
| 17773 | 12657525 | About 50% of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous first backcross hybrids (BC1) usually develop diabetes. |
| 17774 | 12657525 | Fifty nine Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BNxBB)F1xBB] BC1 hybrids (35 M, 24 F) were observed for diabetes occurrence up to an age of 30 weeks. |
| 17775 | 12657525 | Significantly more Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous BC1 hybrids became diabetic (69 vs. 50%, p<0.003) with an age at onset of 91+/-31 days. |
| 17776 | 12657525 | Independent crossing studies have demonstrated that diabetes in the BB rat is explained by at least three recessively acting genes termed Iddm1 (major histocompatibility complex), Iddm2 (lymphopenia), Iddm3 (unknown). |
| 17777 | 12657525 | About 50% of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous first backcross hybrids (BC1) usually develop diabetes. |
| 17778 | 12657525 | Fifty nine Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BNxBB)F1xBB] BC1 hybrids (35 M, 24 F) were observed for diabetes occurrence up to an age of 30 weeks. |
| 17779 | 12657525 | Significantly more Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous BC1 hybrids became diabetic (69 vs. 50%, p<0.003) with an age at onset of 91+/-31 days. |
| 17780 | 12657525 | Independent crossing studies have demonstrated that diabetes in the BB rat is explained by at least three recessively acting genes termed Iddm1 (major histocompatibility complex), Iddm2 (lymphopenia), Iddm3 (unknown). |
| 17781 | 12657525 | About 50% of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous first backcross hybrids (BC1) usually develop diabetes. |
| 17782 | 12657525 | Fifty nine Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BNxBB)F1xBB] BC1 hybrids (35 M, 24 F) were observed for diabetes occurrence up to an age of 30 weeks. |
| 17783 | 12657525 | Significantly more Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous BC1 hybrids became diabetic (69 vs. 50%, p<0.003) with an age at onset of 91+/-31 days. |
| 17784 | 12657525 | Independent crossing studies have demonstrated that diabetes in the BB rat is explained by at least three recessively acting genes termed Iddm1 (major histocompatibility complex), Iddm2 (lymphopenia), Iddm3 (unknown). |
| 17785 | 12657525 | About 50% of Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous first backcross hybrids (BC1) usually develop diabetes. |
| 17786 | 12657525 | Fifty nine Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous [(BNxBB)F1xBB] BC1 hybrids (35 M, 24 F) were observed for diabetes occurrence up to an age of 30 weeks. |
| 17787 | 12657525 | Significantly more Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous BC1 hybrids became diabetic (69 vs. 50%, p<0.003) with an age at onset of 91+/-31 days. |
| 17788 | 12683326 | Insulin therapy remains the only treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM)--the chronic autoimmune disorder resulting in B-cell destruction. |
| 17789 | 12683326 | The alternative mostly experimental methods of IDDM treatment call for restoration of insulin-producing cells. |
| 17790 | 12683326 | Insulin therapy remains the only treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM)--the chronic autoimmune disorder resulting in B-cell destruction. |
| 17791 | 12683326 | The alternative mostly experimental methods of IDDM treatment call for restoration of insulin-producing cells. |
| 17792 | 12695558 | Several reports propose that apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells may play a central role in the pathogenesis of both spontaneous and induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models. |
| 17793 | 12742378 | We have recently described an impaired proliferative response of CD4(+) T-cells to primary antigens in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Clin. |
| 17794 | 12742378 | In order to further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, several factors known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response both at the level of APCs and CD4(+) T-cells were investigated: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from IDDM patients were shown to express elevated amounts of CD86 (B7.2) (p=0.003) and reduced amounts of the adhesion molecule CD54 (ICAM-1) (p=0.03) on their cell surface compared to age-matched healthy controls and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as decreased SDS-PAGE stability of HLA-DQ and -DR peptide complexes directly isolated from the IDDM patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). |
| 17795 | 12742378 | Expression of CTLA-4 (CD152), known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response, was shown to be increased on CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients after exposure to the primary antigen KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) presented by MDDC (p=0.0047). |
| 17796 | 12742378 | Likewise, purified CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients produced elevated levels of the cytokine TGF-beta1 after stimulation with immobilized monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28 (p=0.014). |
| 17797 | 12742378 | When monocytes from IDDM patients were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an increased tendency to produce the inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (p=0.007) and the acute phase cytokine IL-6 (p=0.044) was observed, whereas the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were comparable to controls. |
| 17798 | 12742378 | We have recently described an impaired proliferative response of CD4(+) T-cells to primary antigens in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Clin. |
| 17799 | 12742378 | In order to further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, several factors known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response both at the level of APCs and CD4(+) T-cells were investigated: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from IDDM patients were shown to express elevated amounts of CD86 (B7.2) (p=0.003) and reduced amounts of the adhesion molecule CD54 (ICAM-1) (p=0.03) on their cell surface compared to age-matched healthy controls and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as decreased SDS-PAGE stability of HLA-DQ and -DR peptide complexes directly isolated from the IDDM patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). |
| 17800 | 12742378 | Expression of CTLA-4 (CD152), known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response, was shown to be increased on CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients after exposure to the primary antigen KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) presented by MDDC (p=0.0047). |
| 17801 | 12742378 | Likewise, purified CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients produced elevated levels of the cytokine TGF-beta1 after stimulation with immobilized monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28 (p=0.014). |
| 17802 | 12742378 | When monocytes from IDDM patients were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an increased tendency to produce the inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (p=0.007) and the acute phase cytokine IL-6 (p=0.044) was observed, whereas the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were comparable to controls. |
| 17803 | 12742378 | We have recently described an impaired proliferative response of CD4(+) T-cells to primary antigens in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Clin. |
| 17804 | 12742378 | In order to further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, several factors known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response both at the level of APCs and CD4(+) T-cells were investigated: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from IDDM patients were shown to express elevated amounts of CD86 (B7.2) (p=0.003) and reduced amounts of the adhesion molecule CD54 (ICAM-1) (p=0.03) on their cell surface compared to age-matched healthy controls and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as decreased SDS-PAGE stability of HLA-DQ and -DR peptide complexes directly isolated from the IDDM patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). |
| 17805 | 12742378 | Expression of CTLA-4 (CD152), known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response, was shown to be increased on CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients after exposure to the primary antigen KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) presented by MDDC (p=0.0047). |
| 17806 | 12742378 | Likewise, purified CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients produced elevated levels of the cytokine TGF-beta1 after stimulation with immobilized monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28 (p=0.014). |
| 17807 | 12742378 | When monocytes from IDDM patients were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an increased tendency to produce the inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (p=0.007) and the acute phase cytokine IL-6 (p=0.044) was observed, whereas the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were comparable to controls. |
| 17808 | 12742378 | We have recently described an impaired proliferative response of CD4(+) T-cells to primary antigens in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Clin. |
| 17809 | 12742378 | In order to further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, several factors known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response both at the level of APCs and CD4(+) T-cells were investigated: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from IDDM patients were shown to express elevated amounts of CD86 (B7.2) (p=0.003) and reduced amounts of the adhesion molecule CD54 (ICAM-1) (p=0.03) on their cell surface compared to age-matched healthy controls and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as decreased SDS-PAGE stability of HLA-DQ and -DR peptide complexes directly isolated from the IDDM patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). |
| 17810 | 12742378 | Expression of CTLA-4 (CD152), known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response, was shown to be increased on CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients after exposure to the primary antigen KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) presented by MDDC (p=0.0047). |
| 17811 | 12742378 | Likewise, purified CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients produced elevated levels of the cytokine TGF-beta1 after stimulation with immobilized monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28 (p=0.014). |
| 17812 | 12742378 | When monocytes from IDDM patients were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an increased tendency to produce the inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (p=0.007) and the acute phase cytokine IL-6 (p=0.044) was observed, whereas the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were comparable to controls. |
| 17813 | 12742378 | We have recently described an impaired proliferative response of CD4(+) T-cells to primary antigens in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) [Clin. |
| 17814 | 12742378 | In order to further investigate possible mechanisms underlying this impairment, several factors known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response both at the level of APCs and CD4(+) T-cells were investigated: Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDC) from IDDM patients were shown to express elevated amounts of CD86 (B7.2) (p=0.003) and reduced amounts of the adhesion molecule CD54 (ICAM-1) (p=0.03) on their cell surface compared to age-matched healthy controls and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) as well as decreased SDS-PAGE stability of HLA-DQ and -DR peptide complexes directly isolated from the IDDM patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). |
| 17815 | 12742378 | Expression of CTLA-4 (CD152), known to be involved in the down-regulation of the immune response, was shown to be increased on CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients after exposure to the primary antigen KLH (keyhole limpet hemocyanin) presented by MDDC (p=0.0047). |
| 17816 | 12742378 | Likewise, purified CD4(+) T-cells from IDDM patients produced elevated levels of the cytokine TGF-beta1 after stimulation with immobilized monoclonal antibodies directed against CD3 and CD28 (p=0.014). |
| 17817 | 12742378 | When monocytes from IDDM patients were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an increased tendency to produce the inhibitory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 (p=0.007) and the acute phase cytokine IL-6 (p=0.044) was observed, whereas the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-12 were comparable to controls. |
| 17818 | 12744920 | Basal membrane ATP dependent calcium transport was unaltered in gestational diabetes (GDM) but increased by 54 per cent in insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM) compared to controls (P< 0.05; n =14). |
| 17819 | 12744920 | We have previously shown that the mid-molecular fragment of parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP midmolecule) stimulates BM Ca(2+) ATPase in vitro. |
| 17820 | 12750767 | IDDM2/insulin VNTR modifies risk conferred by IDDM1/HLA for development of Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmunity. |
| 17821 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration accelerates autoimmune diabetes in both wild-type and IFN-gamma-deficient nonobese diabetic mice, revealing pathogenic and protective effects of IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17822 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice induces IFN-gamma-secreting type 1 T cells and high circulating IFN-gamma levels and accelerates insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17823 | 12759426 | Here we show that IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production is dispensable for diabetes acceleration, because exogenous IL-12 could enhance IDDM development in IFN-gamma-deficient as well as in IFN-gamma-sufficient NOD mice. |
| 17824 | 12759426 | Both in IFN-gamma(+/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) NOD mice, IL-12 administration generates a massive and destructive insulitis characterized by T cells, macrophages, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and increases the number of pancreatic CD4(+) cells secreting IL-2 and TNF-alpha. |
| 17825 | 12759426 | Surprisingly, IL-12-induced IFN-gamma hinders pancreatic B cell infiltration and inhibits the capacity of APCs to activate T cells. |
| 17826 | 12759426 | Although pancreatic CD4(+) T cells from IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(-/-) mice fail to up-regulate the P-selectin ligand, suggesting that their entry into the pancreas may be impaired, T cell expansion is favored in these mice compared with IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(+/-) mice because IL-12 administration in the absence of IFN-gamma leads to enhanced cell proliferation and reduced T cell apoptosis. |
| 17827 | 12759426 | NO, an effector molecule in beta cell destruction, is produced ex vivo in high quantity by pancreas-infiltrating cells through a mechanism involving IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17828 | 12759426 | Conversely, in IL-12-treated IFN-gamma-deficient mice, other pathways of beta cell death appear to be increased, as indicated by the up-regulated expression of Fas ligand on Th1 cells in the absence of IFN-gamma. |
| 17829 | 12759426 | These data demonstrate that IFN-gamma has a dual role, pathogenic and protective, in IDDM development, and its deletion allows IL-12 to establish alternative pathways leading to diabetes acceleration. |
| 17830 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration accelerates autoimmune diabetes in both wild-type and IFN-gamma-deficient nonobese diabetic mice, revealing pathogenic and protective effects of IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17831 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice induces IFN-gamma-secreting type 1 T cells and high circulating IFN-gamma levels and accelerates insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17832 | 12759426 | Here we show that IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production is dispensable for diabetes acceleration, because exogenous IL-12 could enhance IDDM development in IFN-gamma-deficient as well as in IFN-gamma-sufficient NOD mice. |
| 17833 | 12759426 | Both in IFN-gamma(+/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) NOD mice, IL-12 administration generates a massive and destructive insulitis characterized by T cells, macrophages, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and increases the number of pancreatic CD4(+) cells secreting IL-2 and TNF-alpha. |
| 17834 | 12759426 | Surprisingly, IL-12-induced IFN-gamma hinders pancreatic B cell infiltration and inhibits the capacity of APCs to activate T cells. |
| 17835 | 12759426 | Although pancreatic CD4(+) T cells from IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(-/-) mice fail to up-regulate the P-selectin ligand, suggesting that their entry into the pancreas may be impaired, T cell expansion is favored in these mice compared with IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(+/-) mice because IL-12 administration in the absence of IFN-gamma leads to enhanced cell proliferation and reduced T cell apoptosis. |
| 17836 | 12759426 | NO, an effector molecule in beta cell destruction, is produced ex vivo in high quantity by pancreas-infiltrating cells through a mechanism involving IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17837 | 12759426 | Conversely, in IL-12-treated IFN-gamma-deficient mice, other pathways of beta cell death appear to be increased, as indicated by the up-regulated expression of Fas ligand on Th1 cells in the absence of IFN-gamma. |
| 17838 | 12759426 | These data demonstrate that IFN-gamma has a dual role, pathogenic and protective, in IDDM development, and its deletion allows IL-12 to establish alternative pathways leading to diabetes acceleration. |
| 17839 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration accelerates autoimmune diabetes in both wild-type and IFN-gamma-deficient nonobese diabetic mice, revealing pathogenic and protective effects of IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17840 | 12759426 | IL-12 administration to nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice induces IFN-gamma-secreting type 1 T cells and high circulating IFN-gamma levels and accelerates insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17841 | 12759426 | Here we show that IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production is dispensable for diabetes acceleration, because exogenous IL-12 could enhance IDDM development in IFN-gamma-deficient as well as in IFN-gamma-sufficient NOD mice. |
| 17842 | 12759426 | Both in IFN-gamma(+/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) NOD mice, IL-12 administration generates a massive and destructive insulitis characterized by T cells, macrophages, and CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and increases the number of pancreatic CD4(+) cells secreting IL-2 and TNF-alpha. |
| 17843 | 12759426 | Surprisingly, IL-12-induced IFN-gamma hinders pancreatic B cell infiltration and inhibits the capacity of APCs to activate T cells. |
| 17844 | 12759426 | Although pancreatic CD4(+) T cells from IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(-/-) mice fail to up-regulate the P-selectin ligand, suggesting that their entry into the pancreas may be impaired, T cell expansion is favored in these mice compared with IL-12-treated IFN-gamma(+/-) mice because IL-12 administration in the absence of IFN-gamma leads to enhanced cell proliferation and reduced T cell apoptosis. |
| 17845 | 12759426 | NO, an effector molecule in beta cell destruction, is produced ex vivo in high quantity by pancreas-infiltrating cells through a mechanism involving IL-12-induced IFN-gamma. |
| 17846 | 12759426 | Conversely, in IL-12-treated IFN-gamma-deficient mice, other pathways of beta cell death appear to be increased, as indicated by the up-regulated expression of Fas ligand on Th1 cells in the absence of IFN-gamma. |
| 17847 | 12759426 | These data demonstrate that IFN-gamma has a dual role, pathogenic and protective, in IDDM development, and its deletion allows IL-12 to establish alternative pathways leading to diabetes acceleration. |
| 17848 | 12774662 | [Content of lipid peroxidation products, alpha-tocopherol and ceruloplasmin in the blood of patients with vascular complications of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. |
| 17849 | 12774662 | The content of lipid peroxidation products (LPP), as well as the concentrations of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TC) and of ceruloplasmin (CP) were examined in the blood serum of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without any vascular complications and with diabetic micro- and macroangiopathies. |
| 17850 | 12792702 | Three groups were compared in the present study: 1) nondiabetic control individuals (N = 19); 2) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (on insulin treatment) (N = 19); 3) non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients using oral hypoglycemic agents and no insulin treatment (N = 22). |
| 17851 | 12792702 | The overall position of the ODC was the same for the three groups despite an increase of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction that was expected to shift the ODC to the left in both groups of diabetic patients (HbA1c: control, 4.6%; IDDM, 10.5%; NIDDM, 9.0%). |
| 17852 | 12792702 | In IDDM patients, the effect of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction on the position of the ODC appeared to be counterbalanced by small though statistically significant increases in 2,3-DPG concentration from 2.05 (control) to 2.45 mol/ml blood (IDDM). |
| 17853 | 12792702 | Three groups were compared in the present study: 1) nondiabetic control individuals (N = 19); 2) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (on insulin treatment) (N = 19); 3) non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients using oral hypoglycemic agents and no insulin treatment (N = 22). |
| 17854 | 12792702 | The overall position of the ODC was the same for the three groups despite an increase of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction that was expected to shift the ODC to the left in both groups of diabetic patients (HbA1c: control, 4.6%; IDDM, 10.5%; NIDDM, 9.0%). |
| 17855 | 12792702 | In IDDM patients, the effect of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction on the position of the ODC appeared to be counterbalanced by small though statistically significant increases in 2,3-DPG concentration from 2.05 (control) to 2.45 mol/ml blood (IDDM). |
| 17856 | 12792702 | Three groups were compared in the present study: 1) nondiabetic control individuals (N = 19); 2) insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients (on insulin treatment) (N = 19); 3) non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients using oral hypoglycemic agents and no insulin treatment (N = 22). |
| 17857 | 12792702 | The overall position of the ODC was the same for the three groups despite an increase of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction that was expected to shift the ODC to the left in both groups of diabetic patients (HbA1c: control, 4.6%; IDDM, 10.5%; NIDDM, 9.0%). |
| 17858 | 12792702 | In IDDM patients, the effect of the glycosylated hemoglobin fraction on the position of the ODC appeared to be counterbalanced by small though statistically significant increases in 2,3-DPG concentration from 2.05 (control) to 2.45 mol/ml blood (IDDM). |
| 17859 | 12826204 | Human fetal pancreas (HFP) is a potential source of transplantable islets for the treatment of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17860 | 12887108 | The strong associations between poor vitamin D nutrition, particular VDR alleles, and susceptibility to chronic mycobacterial infections, together with evidence that 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 served as a vaccine adjuvant enhancing antibody-mediated immunity, suggest a model wherein high levels of 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3-liganded VDR transcriptional activity may promote the CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) cell-mediated and mucosal antibody responses to cutaneous antigens in vivo. |
| 17861 | 12887108 | Studies done in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and transplantation support a model wherein the 1alpha,25-(OH)2D3 may augment the function of suppressor T cells that maintain self tolerance to organ-specific self antigens. |
| 17862 | 12901503 | Preliminary studies on associations of IDDM3, IDDM4, IDDM5 and IDDM8 with IDDM in Chengdu population. |
| 17863 | 12911280 | Chromosomal regions on which the genes Iddm 4 (BB.6s), Iddm6 (BB.Xs) and Iddm 2 (BB.LL) are located were exchanged. |
| 17864 | 12954155 | In this study, we evaluated changes in levels of nitric oxide (NO) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) to detect early endothelial dysfunction in IDDM patients recently diagnosed. |
| 17865 | 14509931 | To investigate the role of cholecystokinin (ChCK) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to search the ways of its treatment with good prospects we conducted a comparative study of the effects of chronic conjunctive instillations (c.i.)) and intracerebroventricular administrations (i.c.v.) of cholecystokinin octapeptide (ChCK-8) to intact and streptozotocin-induced IDDM rats. |
| 17866 | 14509931 | Both ways of ChCK-8 administrations to a IDDM rats caused a positive effect on those animals by inhibiting a destruction of beta-cells, stimulating their function, and decreasing the content of alpha-cells in pancreatic islets which lead to a significant increase in insulin and a decrease in glucose in blood. |
| 17867 | 14509931 | To investigate the role of cholecystokinin (ChCK) in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and to search the ways of its treatment with good prospects we conducted a comparative study of the effects of chronic conjunctive instillations (c.i.)) and intracerebroventricular administrations (i.c.v.) of cholecystokinin octapeptide (ChCK-8) to intact and streptozotocin-induced IDDM rats. |
| 17868 | 14509931 | Both ways of ChCK-8 administrations to a IDDM rats caused a positive effect on those animals by inhibiting a destruction of beta-cells, stimulating their function, and decreasing the content of alpha-cells in pancreatic islets which lead to a significant increase in insulin and a decrease in glucose in blood. |
| 17869 | 14510692 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease resulting in destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 17870 | 14510692 | Commonly employed treatment of IDDM requires periodic insulin therapy, which is not ideal because of its inability to prevent chronic complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. |
| 17871 | 14510692 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease resulting in destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans. |
| 17872 | 14510692 | Commonly employed treatment of IDDM requires periodic insulin therapy, which is not ideal because of its inability to prevent chronic complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. |
| 17873 | 14551599 | There was some evidence for an interaction between -3233 C>T and the T1D locus IDDM2 in the insulin gene region (P=0.001 in the combined and P=0.02 in the Finnish data set). |
| 17874 | 14566435 | The HLA complex on chromosome 6, especially of the HLA class II genes, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17875 | 14575615 | The morbidity of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in children develops not evenly. |
| 17876 | 14592444 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a cytokine considered to play a key role in beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17877 | 14592444 | Expression of TNF receptor I, inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme (ICE), Bcl-2, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to investigate the suppressor mechanism of FTS on TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. |
| 17878 | 14592444 | FTS treatment suppressed the expression of iNOS and Bcl-2 mRNA in TNF-alpha-treated cells. |
| 17879 | 14592444 | The expression of NF-kappa B mRNA in TNF-alpha-treated cells was enhanced after FTS treatment, while that of ICE mRNA did not change in TNF-alpha-treated cells with or without FTS treatment. |
| 17880 | 14592444 | These results suggest that the inhibition of MIN6 cell death by FTS on TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis is caused by a negative feedback mechanism involving the inhibition of iNOS induction. |
| 17881 | 14598492 | A total of 99 patients (198 eyes) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) without diabetic retinopathy (DR) and DR of various stages were observed. |
| 17882 | 14602847 | Gender differences in memory and learning in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) over a 4-year follow-up interval. |
| 17883 | 14615071 | Epidemiological studies, however, have so far failed to demonstrate any causal relationship between vaccination and autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17884 | 14641608 | QoL of 20 children with PA and 20 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was measured using two disease-specific QoL questionnaires (higher scores correspond to a poorer QoL). |
| 17885 | 14648003 | Our objective was to study neonates born to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) mothers to detect the spectrum of congenital heart disease (CHD). |
| 17886 | 14652638 | Therefore, first of all the aim was to investigate if differences in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis can be demonstrated in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to controls and secondly, if differences concerning exercise induced changes can be seen in diabetics. 16 moderately fit subjects with IDDM and 16 matched controls underwent a maximal step test. |
| 17887 | 14652638 | The rest values (mean of the two rest samples) in extrinsic total thrombin potential (TTPex, P=0.049), tPA-activity (P=0.007) were significantly higher and in PAI-1-antigen (P=0.002) -activity (P=0.049) lower in the diabetic group. |
| 17888 | 14652638 | IDDM led to higher extrinsic total thrombin and fibrinolytic potential at rest, and reducing the exercise provoked distribution of tPA-antigen and decrease of PAI-1-antigen. |
| 17889 | 14652638 | Therefore, first of all the aim was to investigate if differences in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis can be demonstrated in subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) compared to controls and secondly, if differences concerning exercise induced changes can be seen in diabetics. 16 moderately fit subjects with IDDM and 16 matched controls underwent a maximal step test. |
| 17890 | 14652638 | The rest values (mean of the two rest samples) in extrinsic total thrombin potential (TTPex, P=0.049), tPA-activity (P=0.007) were significantly higher and in PAI-1-antigen (P=0.002) -activity (P=0.049) lower in the diabetic group. |
| 17891 | 14652638 | IDDM led to higher extrinsic total thrombin and fibrinolytic potential at rest, and reducing the exercise provoked distribution of tPA-antigen and decrease of PAI-1-antigen. |
| 17892 | 14679087 | Caspase 7 is a positional candidate gene for IDDM 17 in a Bedouin Arab family. |
| 17893 | 14679087 | Caspase 7 (CASP7), an apoptosis-related cysteine protease, is one of the few known genes in this region. |
| 17894 | 14679484 | A cross-sectional study design was undertaken to assess pulmonary function in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and to establish if there is any relationship with diabetic factors and complications. |
| 17895 | 14688931 | We have followed eight first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (insulin-dependent, type I diabetes) attending the outpatient diabetes clinic at the State University of Rio de Janeiro for three years, all of them with positive islet cell antibodies (ICA and/or ICA-CF). |
| 17896 | 14688931 | Three out of eight relatives less than fifteen years old have subsequently progressed to overt Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) 12, 21 and 8 months after the first positive autoantibodies detection. |
| 17897 | 14688931 | We have followed eight first-degree relatives of IDDM patients (insulin-dependent, type I diabetes) attending the outpatient diabetes clinic at the State University of Rio de Janeiro for three years, all of them with positive islet cell antibodies (ICA and/or ICA-CF). |
| 17898 | 14688931 | Three out of eight relatives less than fifteen years old have subsequently progressed to overt Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) 12, 21 and 8 months after the first positive autoantibodies detection. |
| 17899 | 14692131 | The aim of this case-control study conducted in Belgrade during 1994-1997 was to investigate whether parental demographic characteristics and habits are associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17900 | 14692396 | The IDDM and NIDDM patients had above-normal absolute lymphocyte counts, whereas the percentages of CD3, CD4 adn CD8 T lymphocytes were significantly reduced. |
| 17901 | 14692396 | The low intracellular reduced glutathione(GSH) and the unbalanced profile of key enzymes involved in GSH metabolism, gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), account for the increased oxidative status of PBMC from diabetic patients. |
| 17902 | 14695479 | The insulin complement with gene therapy has been used as an experimental treatment for insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 17903 | 14724691 | hIan5: the human ortholog to the rat Ian4/Iddm1/lyp is a new member of the Ian family that is overexpressed in B-cell lymphoid malignancies. |
| 17904 | 14724691 | Recently, the rat Ian4 (rIan4) was cloned and it appears to be identical to the gene Iddm1/lyp responsible for severe lymphopenia and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes in the BB-DP rat. |
| 17905 | 14724691 | Different blood fractions show high hIan5 expression in CD4- and CD8-positive T cells and monocytes, but not in B lymphocytes. |
| 17906 | 14724691 | hIan5: the human ortholog to the rat Ian4/Iddm1/lyp is a new member of the Ian family that is overexpressed in B-cell lymphoid malignancies. |
| 17907 | 14724691 | Recently, the rat Ian4 (rIan4) was cloned and it appears to be identical to the gene Iddm1/lyp responsible for severe lymphopenia and the development of insulin-dependent diabetes in the BB-DP rat. |
| 17908 | 14724691 | Different blood fractions show high hIan5 expression in CD4- and CD8-positive T cells and monocytes, but not in B lymphocytes. |
| 17909 | 14734853 | The effects of tacrolimus on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) induced by the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (D-EMCV) have been investigated. |
| 17910 | 14734853 | Expressions of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA in spleens of tacrolimus-treated D-EMCV-infected mice were lower than that of non-treated tacrolimus DEMCV-infected mice on 7 DPI. |
| 17911 | 14734853 | The results suggest that tacrolimus suppresses expressions of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNAs to prevent the onset of D-EMCV-induced IDDM. |
| 17912 | 14734853 | The effects of tacrolimus on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) induced by the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (D-EMCV) have been investigated. |
| 17913 | 14734853 | Expressions of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA in spleens of tacrolimus-treated D-EMCV-infected mice were lower than that of non-treated tacrolimus DEMCV-infected mice on 7 DPI. |
| 17914 | 14734853 | The results suggest that tacrolimus suppresses expressions of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNAs to prevent the onset of D-EMCV-induced IDDM. |
| 17915 | 14735147 | Genetic association with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been established for two chromosomal regions: HLA DQ/DR (IDDM1) and INS VNTR (IDDM2). |
| 17916 | 14735147 | Functional genetic polymorphisms of proinflammatory (T-helper-1: IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma), anti-inflammatory (T-helper-2: IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and metabolic (IGF-I, VDR and INS) genes were determined in 206 Dutch simplex families with juvenile onset T1D and the results were analysed using the transmission disequilibrium test. |
| 17917 | 14735147 | Significantly increased transmission to T1D probands was observed for the loci IDDM1, IDDM2 and the vitamin D receptor. |
| 17918 | 14735147 | Although none of the other individual polymorphisms was associated with disease individually, the combination of T-helper-2 and metabolic/growth alleles IL-10(*)R2, IL-4(*)C, VDR(*)C and IGF-I(*)wt was found to be transmitted more frequently than expected (67%, P(c)=0.015). |
| 17919 | 14735147 | Genetic association with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been established for two chromosomal regions: HLA DQ/DR (IDDM1) and INS VNTR (IDDM2). |
| 17920 | 14735147 | Functional genetic polymorphisms of proinflammatory (T-helper-1: IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma), anti-inflammatory (T-helper-2: IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and metabolic (IGF-I, VDR and INS) genes were determined in 206 Dutch simplex families with juvenile onset T1D and the results were analysed using the transmission disequilibrium test. |
| 17921 | 14735147 | Significantly increased transmission to T1D probands was observed for the loci IDDM1, IDDM2 and the vitamin D receptor. |
| 17922 | 14735147 | Although none of the other individual polymorphisms was associated with disease individually, the combination of T-helper-2 and metabolic/growth alleles IL-10(*)R2, IL-4(*)C, VDR(*)C and IGF-I(*)wt was found to be transmitted more frequently than expected (67%, P(c)=0.015). |
| 17923 | 14735361 | We studied the histo- and immunopathology of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas and a number of other organs in a new insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) rat model (LEW.1AR1/Ztm- iddm rat). |
| 17924 | 14735361 | The islet infiltrate was composed mainly of ED1-positive macrophages and T lymphocytes, comprising a large number of CD8(+) lymphocytes and a few CD4(+) lymphocytes. |
| 17925 | 14747305 | Haplotype tag single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the human orthologues of the rat type 1 diabetes genes Ian4 (Lyp/Iddm1) and Cblb. |
| 17926 | 14747305 | Recently, a frameshift deletion in Ian4, a member of the immune-associated nucleotide (Ian)-related gene family, has been shown to map to BB rat Iddm1. |
| 17927 | 14747305 | Evaluation of disease association by a multilocus transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) gave a P value of 0.484 for IAN4L1 and 0.692 for CBLB, suggesting that neither gene influences susceptibility to common alleles of human type 1 diabetes in these populations. |
| 17928 | 14747305 | Haplotype tag single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the human orthologues of the rat type 1 diabetes genes Ian4 (Lyp/Iddm1) and Cblb. |
| 17929 | 14747305 | Recently, a frameshift deletion in Ian4, a member of the immune-associated nucleotide (Ian)-related gene family, has been shown to map to BB rat Iddm1. |
| 17930 | 14747305 | Evaluation of disease association by a multilocus transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) gave a P value of 0.484 for IAN4L1 and 0.692 for CBLB, suggesting that neither gene influences susceptibility to common alleles of human type 1 diabetes in these populations. |
| 17931 | 14761780 | Heart failure is known to be a complication of insulin-dependent (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) even in the absence of coronary heart disease or hypertension. |
| 17932 | 14761780 | Diabetic animals showed a twofold increase in cardiomyocyte volume with increased left ventricular ANP but not BNP mRNA levels in spite of a reduced plasma renin activity (PRA) 2 months after onset of diabetes compared to nondiabetic littermates. |
| 17933 | 14761780 | Perivascular fibrosis and laminin thickness were significantly augmented in diabetic rat myocardium irrespective of insulin treatment, whereas interstitial collagen I and fibronectin were similarly found in diabetic and control myocardium. |
| 17934 | 14972202 | Type 1 (formerly insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus IDDM) is immune-mediated and leads to absolute insulin deficiency. |
| 17935 | 15003810 | Epidemiological studies have associated coxsackie B virus (CBV) with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in humans. |
| 17936 | 15008838 | Evidence for a Type 1 diabetes-specific mechanism for the insulin gene-associated IDDM2 locus rather than a general influence on autoimmunity. |
| 17937 | 15013991 | In nonobese diabetogenic (NOD) mice that spontaneously develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and SS, we replaced major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (A(g7) E(g7)) and class I D(b) with MHC class II (A(d) E(d)) and class I D(d) from nondiabetic B10.D2 mice to produce an animal model that inhibited IDDM without affecting SS. |
| 17938 | 15016222 | Profound changes in the GH-IGF-I system in adolescent girls with IDDM: can IGFBP1 be used to reflect overall glucose regulation? |
| 17939 | 15016222 | Disturbances in the relations between insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) may be a major cause behind deteriorated metabolic control in adolescent girls with type I diabetes. |
| 17940 | 15016222 | Ten girls with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.5+/-0.4% (normal range 3.9-5.2%) and nine healthy controls were investigated and compared with 11 girls with poor glucose regulation, HbA1c 10.9+/-0.4%, and their corresponding controls. |
| 17941 | 15016222 | Serum profiles of glucose, insulin, GH and IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) were analysed in addition to IGF-I and HbA1c. |
| 17942 | 15016222 | Secondly, despite similar insulin concentrations (mean 24 h insulin - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 22.9+/-2.6 and girls with well-controlled diabetes 27.3+/-2.9 mU/L, respectively; p=0.26), there was a marked difference in IGFBP1 concentrations between the two groups with IDDM (mean IGFBP1 - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 70.5+/-9.1 microg/L vs girls with well-controlled diabetes 28.6+/-3.3; p<0.001). |
| 17943 | 15016222 | Despite equally elevated GH concentrations that may induce insulin resistance, the markedly lower concentrations of IGFBP1 in the well-controlled group indicate a higher hepatic insulin sensitivity in these girls compared with those with a poor control. |
| 17944 | 15016222 | Furthermore, in spite of similar total IGF-I concentrations, the lower IGFBP1 concentrations may result in higher IGF-I bioactivity in the well-controlled group. |
| 17945 | 15016222 | IGFBP1 may be a marker of overall insulinization in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, independent of the absolute insulin dose used for therapy. |
| 17946 | 15016222 | Profound changes in the GH-IGF-I system in adolescent girls with IDDM: can IGFBP1 be used to reflect overall glucose regulation? |
| 17947 | 15016222 | Disturbances in the relations between insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) may be a major cause behind deteriorated metabolic control in adolescent girls with type I diabetes. |
| 17948 | 15016222 | Ten girls with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.5+/-0.4% (normal range 3.9-5.2%) and nine healthy controls were investigated and compared with 11 girls with poor glucose regulation, HbA1c 10.9+/-0.4%, and their corresponding controls. |
| 17949 | 15016222 | Serum profiles of glucose, insulin, GH and IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) were analysed in addition to IGF-I and HbA1c. |
| 17950 | 15016222 | Secondly, despite similar insulin concentrations (mean 24 h insulin - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 22.9+/-2.6 and girls with well-controlled diabetes 27.3+/-2.9 mU/L, respectively; p=0.26), there was a marked difference in IGFBP1 concentrations between the two groups with IDDM (mean IGFBP1 - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 70.5+/-9.1 microg/L vs girls with well-controlled diabetes 28.6+/-3.3; p<0.001). |
| 17951 | 15016222 | Despite equally elevated GH concentrations that may induce insulin resistance, the markedly lower concentrations of IGFBP1 in the well-controlled group indicate a higher hepatic insulin sensitivity in these girls compared with those with a poor control. |
| 17952 | 15016222 | Furthermore, in spite of similar total IGF-I concentrations, the lower IGFBP1 concentrations may result in higher IGF-I bioactivity in the well-controlled group. |
| 17953 | 15016222 | IGFBP1 may be a marker of overall insulinization in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, independent of the absolute insulin dose used for therapy. |
| 17954 | 15016222 | Profound changes in the GH-IGF-I system in adolescent girls with IDDM: can IGFBP1 be used to reflect overall glucose regulation? |
| 17955 | 15016222 | Disturbances in the relations between insulin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) may be a major cause behind deteriorated metabolic control in adolescent girls with type I diabetes. |
| 17956 | 15016222 | Ten girls with well-controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.5+/-0.4% (normal range 3.9-5.2%) and nine healthy controls were investigated and compared with 11 girls with poor glucose regulation, HbA1c 10.9+/-0.4%, and their corresponding controls. |
| 17957 | 15016222 | Serum profiles of glucose, insulin, GH and IGF-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) were analysed in addition to IGF-I and HbA1c. |
| 17958 | 15016222 | Secondly, despite similar insulin concentrations (mean 24 h insulin - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 22.9+/-2.6 and girls with well-controlled diabetes 27.3+/-2.9 mU/L, respectively; p=0.26), there was a marked difference in IGFBP1 concentrations between the two groups with IDDM (mean IGFBP1 - girls with poorly controlled diabetes 70.5+/-9.1 microg/L vs girls with well-controlled diabetes 28.6+/-3.3; p<0.001). |
| 17959 | 15016222 | Despite equally elevated GH concentrations that may induce insulin resistance, the markedly lower concentrations of IGFBP1 in the well-controlled group indicate a higher hepatic insulin sensitivity in these girls compared with those with a poor control. |
| 17960 | 15016222 | Furthermore, in spite of similar total IGF-I concentrations, the lower IGFBP1 concentrations may result in higher IGF-I bioactivity in the well-controlled group. |
| 17961 | 15016222 | IGFBP1 may be a marker of overall insulinization in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, independent of the absolute insulin dose used for therapy. |
| 17962 | 15023151 | Sixteen prospective, randomized comparative studies providing information on incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were subjected to meta-analysis. |
| 17963 | 15024708 | Several clinical series, analyzing fracture healing in patients with insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes (IDDM) demonstrated significant incidence of delayed union, non-union, and pseudarthrosis. |
| 17964 | 15024708 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in well-compensated diabetic metabolic states will ameliorate the impaired early mineralization and cell differentiation disorders of IDDM fracture healing. |
| 17965 | 15024708 | Several clinical series, analyzing fracture healing in patients with insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes (IDDM) demonstrated significant incidence of delayed union, non-union, and pseudarthrosis. |
| 17966 | 15024708 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in well-compensated diabetic metabolic states will ameliorate the impaired early mineralization and cell differentiation disorders of IDDM fracture healing. |
| 17967 | 15033788 | Diabetes-prone BB (dpBB) rats develop autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) at high frequency as a consequence of a defect in T cell development, caused by a mutation in a single gene locus on rat chromosome 4 (lyp) which has recently been identified as immune-associated nucleotide 4 (ian4). |
| 17968 | 15046815 | Bovine serum albumin and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; is cow's milk still a possible toxicological causative agent of diabetes? |
| 17969 | 15046815 | The implication of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in cow's milk as a causative agent for the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a major topic of scientific debate not withstanding the medical and economic implications. |
| 17970 | 15098924 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in pancreatic beta cells is the target of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17971 | 15098924 | Regulating expression of GAD perhaps is a practical approach to treat IDDM. |
| 17972 | 15098924 | In this study, we established an in vitro system, in which GAD was expressed and glutamate treatment produced over-expression of GAD67 and GAD65 in rat islet cells. |
| 17973 | 15098924 | These findings suggest that the over-expression of GAD67 induced by glutamate in islet cells of rat may act as a suitable cellular model to study GAD autoreactivity during the development of IDDM. |
| 17974 | 15098924 | Meanwhile, it indicates that ALC, an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, can block glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD67, a key beta-cell autoantigen, suggesting a therapeutic potential of ALC in IDDM. |
| 17975 | 15098924 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in pancreatic beta cells is the target of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17976 | 15098924 | Regulating expression of GAD perhaps is a practical approach to treat IDDM. |
| 17977 | 15098924 | In this study, we established an in vitro system, in which GAD was expressed and glutamate treatment produced over-expression of GAD67 and GAD65 in rat islet cells. |
| 17978 | 15098924 | These findings suggest that the over-expression of GAD67 induced by glutamate in islet cells of rat may act as a suitable cellular model to study GAD autoreactivity during the development of IDDM. |
| 17979 | 15098924 | Meanwhile, it indicates that ALC, an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, can block glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD67, a key beta-cell autoantigen, suggesting a therapeutic potential of ALC in IDDM. |
| 17980 | 15098924 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in pancreatic beta cells is the target of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17981 | 15098924 | Regulating expression of GAD perhaps is a practical approach to treat IDDM. |
| 17982 | 15098924 | In this study, we established an in vitro system, in which GAD was expressed and glutamate treatment produced over-expression of GAD67 and GAD65 in rat islet cells. |
| 17983 | 15098924 | These findings suggest that the over-expression of GAD67 induced by glutamate in islet cells of rat may act as a suitable cellular model to study GAD autoreactivity during the development of IDDM. |
| 17984 | 15098924 | Meanwhile, it indicates that ALC, an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, can block glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD67, a key beta-cell autoantigen, suggesting a therapeutic potential of ALC in IDDM. |
| 17985 | 15098924 | Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65 and GAD67) in pancreatic beta cells is the target of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17986 | 15098924 | Regulating expression of GAD perhaps is a practical approach to treat IDDM. |
| 17987 | 15098924 | In this study, we established an in vitro system, in which GAD was expressed and glutamate treatment produced over-expression of GAD67 and GAD65 in rat islet cells. |
| 17988 | 15098924 | These findings suggest that the over-expression of GAD67 induced by glutamate in islet cells of rat may act as a suitable cellular model to study GAD autoreactivity during the development of IDDM. |
| 17989 | 15098924 | Meanwhile, it indicates that ALC, an ester of the trimethylated amino acid, can block glutamate-induced over-expression of GAD67, a key beta-cell autoantigen, suggesting a therapeutic potential of ALC in IDDM. |
| 17990 | 15114673 | As regulators of T cell activation, antigen-presenting cells (APC) modulate peripheral tolerance and hence contribute to the immune dysregulation characteristic of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17991 | 15114673 | As costimulatory molecules have been shown to be NF-kappa B responsive, we examined the expression of these markers on NOD APC. |
| 17992 | 15114673 | Both B cells and BMDC expressed elevated levels of CD80 and CD40. |
| 17993 | 15114673 | Therefore, hyperactivation of NF-kappa B and increased expression of CD80 and CD40 by NOD B cells and BMDC may be a contributing factor in the selection of effector T cells observed in IDDM. |
| 17994 | 15114673 | As regulators of T cell activation, antigen-presenting cells (APC) modulate peripheral tolerance and hence contribute to the immune dysregulation characteristic of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 17995 | 15114673 | As costimulatory molecules have been shown to be NF-kappa B responsive, we examined the expression of these markers on NOD APC. |
| 17996 | 15114673 | Both B cells and BMDC expressed elevated levels of CD80 and CD40. |
| 17997 | 15114673 | Therefore, hyperactivation of NF-kappa B and increased expression of CD80 and CD40 by NOD B cells and BMDC may be a contributing factor in the selection of effector T cells observed in IDDM. |
| 17998 | 15114726 | Fifty-eight (58) children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were examined and shared between 6 groups: Group 1--primarily diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM); Group 2--DM with an up to 5-year history; Group 3--DM with a an up to 10-year history; Group 4--children with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; Group 5--children with diabetic cataract. |
| 17999 | 15154602 | Firstly the aim of the study was to investigate if differences in platelet activity, reactivity and platelet-leukocyte conjugate (PLC) formation can be observed in subjects with IDDM; secondly, if differences can be seen between the diabetic and control group concerning exercise-induced changes in platelet activation and conjugate formation; and thirdly, if different types of exercise lead to different patterns in platelet activation. |
| 18000 | 15154602 | CD62P expression and differentiated platelet-leukocyte conjugates (CD45, CD14, CD41) were detected flow-cytometrically with and without stimulation with TRAP-6. |
| 18001 | 15206715 | Autoimmune diseases including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are characterized by the loss of tolerance to self determinants, activation of autoreactive lymphocytes, and subsequent damage to target organs. |
| 18002 | 15206715 | We have previously demonstrated that, in the DBA/2 mouse, IFN-gamma potentiates the tolerogenic potential of a subset of splenic dendritic cells via activation of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and production of tryptophan catabolites capable of inducing apoptosis in T cells. |
| 18003 | 15207750 | Insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to alter the properties of bone and impair bone repair in both humans and animals. |
| 18004 | 15207750 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in a well-compensated diabetic metabolic state will ameliorate the impaired histomorphometric parameters of IDDM bone defect healing. |
| 18005 | 15207750 | Insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to alter the properties of bone and impair bone repair in both humans and animals. |
| 18006 | 15207750 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in a well-compensated diabetic metabolic state will ameliorate the impaired histomorphometric parameters of IDDM bone defect healing. |
| 18007 | 15220214 | Remapping the insulin gene/IDDM2 locus in type 1 diabetes. |
| 18008 | 15220214 | Type 1 diabetes susceptibility at the IDDM2 locus was previously mapped to a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18009 | 15220214 | Remapping the insulin gene/IDDM2 locus in type 1 diabetes. |
| 18010 | 15220214 | Type 1 diabetes susceptibility at the IDDM2 locus was previously mapped to a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18011 | 15225668 | The precise mechanisms of vascular diseases in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are not clearly understood. |
| 18012 | 15225668 | This study sought to examine the interaction of ACE activity and NO and how insulin treatment affected these mechanisms. |
| 18013 | 15225668 | It is concluded that ACE reducing activity of insulin in aorta and heart of STZ-induced diabetic rats may be mediated by elevation of NO by insulin treatment. |
| 18014 | 15230112 | The content of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) in erythrocytes and blood plasma as well as the specificity of erythrocyte membrane permeability (EMP) was studied in case of children and teenagers with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with respect to a duration and compensation degree of the disease. |
| 18015 | 15245369 | Of the 20 genomic intervals implicated for the risk to develop T1D, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.31 (IDDM1) has been the major contributor, followed by 5' regulatory region of the insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 18016 | 15245369 | MHC has a role in antigen presentation and IDDM2 has been shown to have a role in transcription of insulin in the thymus. |
| 18017 | 15245369 | Hence, alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1, DQB1, and insulin-linked variable number of tandem repeats (INS-VNTR) were studied in 110 T1D patients and 112 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) and PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), respectively. |
| 18018 | 15245369 | Of the 20 genomic intervals implicated for the risk to develop T1D, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.31 (IDDM1) has been the major contributor, followed by 5' regulatory region of the insulin (INS) gene on chromosome 11p15.5 (IDDM2). |
| 18019 | 15245369 | MHC has a role in antigen presentation and IDDM2 has been shown to have a role in transcription of insulin in the thymus. |
| 18020 | 15245369 | Hence, alleles of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1, DQB1, and insulin-linked variable number of tandem repeats (INS-VNTR) were studied in 110 T1D patients and 112 healthy controls using polymerase chain reaction and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) and PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), respectively. |
| 18021 | 15262490 | Coxsackievirus B4 (CBV4), a member of the Picornavirus genus, has long been implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), by viral-induced pancreatic cell damage. |
| 18022 | 15283380 | The aim of pancreas and islet transplantation is to establish the same status of glucose control that is provided by endogenous secretion of insulin from a healthy native pancreas in order to improve the quality of life and ameliorate secondary diabetic complications in patients with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18023 | 15283380 | Islet transplantation is, theoretically, an ideal solution for patients with IDDM since it is not a major procedure, can be performed radiologically and can be repeated several times without any major discomfort to the patient, but despite experimental and clinical efforts over the past 25 years, long term and consistent insulin independence has not yet been achieved. |
| 18024 | 15283380 | The aim of pancreas and islet transplantation is to establish the same status of glucose control that is provided by endogenous secretion of insulin from a healthy native pancreas in order to improve the quality of life and ameliorate secondary diabetic complications in patients with type I insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18025 | 15283380 | Islet transplantation is, theoretically, an ideal solution for patients with IDDM since it is not a major procedure, can be performed radiologically and can be repeated several times without any major discomfort to the patient, but despite experimental and clinical efforts over the past 25 years, long term and consistent insulin independence has not yet been achieved. |
| 18026 | 15303408 | IDDM2 and the polymorphism of the human tyrosine hydroxylase (hTH) gene in African Americans with type-1 diabetes. |
| 18027 | 15303408 | This data shifts the focus from hTH to the VNTR at the insulin gene for IDDM2, the second major candidate gene for type-1 diabetes. |
| 18028 | 15303408 | IDDM2 and the polymorphism of the human tyrosine hydroxylase (hTH) gene in African Americans with type-1 diabetes. |
| 18029 | 15303408 | This data shifts the focus from hTH to the VNTR at the insulin gene for IDDM2, the second major candidate gene for type-1 diabetes. |
| 18030 | 15334375 | The growth hormone (GH), cortisol, and arginine vasopressin (AVP) responses to bicycle ergometry (with increasing workload until exhaustion) were measured in 20 patients affected by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (10 habitual smokers and 10 nonsmokers) and 20 nondiabetic subjects (normal controls) (10 habitual smokers and 10 nonsmokers). |
| 18031 | 15335542 | She had been suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for 3 years. |
| 18032 | 15336779 | In this study, we have investigated the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in a group of 226 persons, living in La Reunion Island, consisting of 70 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and most of their first degree relatives (i.e., 156 parents and full sibling subjects) and previously HLA DQB1, DQA1, and DRB1 genotyped. |
| 18033 | 15354863 | Insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to alter the properties of bone and to impair fracture-healing in both humans and animals. |
| 18034 | 15354863 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in a well-compensated diabetic metabolic state will ameliorate the impaired early and late parameters of IDDM bone-defect healing. |
| 18035 | 15354863 | Insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been shown to alter the properties of bone and to impair fracture-healing in both humans and animals. |
| 18036 | 15354863 | This study suggests that strictly controlled insulin treatment resulting in a well-compensated diabetic metabolic state will ameliorate the impaired early and late parameters of IDDM bone-defect healing. |
| 18037 | 15356070 | We investigated the activity of two TG hydrolases in MVM isolated from placentas of appropriately grown for gestational age pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). |
| 18038 | 15356070 | The LPL activity in placentas of IDDM pregnancies was increased by 39% (n = 8, P < 0.05), compared with controls. |
| 18039 | 15356070 | The expression of L-FABP was increased by 112% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in IDDM and 64% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in GDM. |
| 18040 | 15356070 | These results indicate that alterations in MVM LPL activity and expression of L-FABP may contribute to the altered lipid deposition and metabolism in IUGR and diabetic pregnancies. |
| 18041 | 15356070 | We investigated the activity of two TG hydrolases in MVM isolated from placentas of appropriately grown for gestational age pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). |
| 18042 | 15356070 | The LPL activity in placentas of IDDM pregnancies was increased by 39% (n = 8, P < 0.05), compared with controls. |
| 18043 | 15356070 | The expression of L-FABP was increased by 112% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in IDDM and 64% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in GDM. |
| 18044 | 15356070 | These results indicate that alterations in MVM LPL activity and expression of L-FABP may contribute to the altered lipid deposition and metabolism in IUGR and diabetic pregnancies. |
| 18045 | 15356070 | We investigated the activity of two TG hydrolases in MVM isolated from placentas of appropriately grown for gestational age pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). |
| 18046 | 15356070 | The LPL activity in placentas of IDDM pregnancies was increased by 39% (n = 8, P < 0.05), compared with controls. |
| 18047 | 15356070 | The expression of L-FABP was increased by 112% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in IDDM and 64% (n = 8, P < 0.05) in GDM. |
| 18048 | 15356070 | These results indicate that alterations in MVM LPL activity and expression of L-FABP may contribute to the altered lipid deposition and metabolism in IUGR and diabetic pregnancies. |
| 18049 | 15371112 | Twenty of them had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and visited the hospital on a regular basis, and 20 were treated on a surgical ward for a short period. |
| 18050 | 15372359 | Genetic factors including MHC ( IDDM 1-genetic locus) and non-MHC genes (IDDM 2 - IDDM X) have been shown to determine susceptibility to autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes or lifelong tolerance. |
| 18051 | 15452251 | Coxsackievirus B4 (CBV4), a member of the Picornavirus genus, has long been implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) caused by virus-induced pancreatic cell damage. |
| 18052 | 15470032 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are highly regulated autoimmune diseases that develop spontaneously in NOD mice. |
| 18053 | 15470032 | The aim of the present in vivo study was to explore the functional importance of the E2f1 molecule in IDDM and SS, in the context of whole animal physiology and pathophysiology, using E2f1-deficient NOD mice. |
| 18054 | 15470032 | These mice also exhibited a defect in T lymphocyte development, leading to excessive numbers of mature T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), due to a maturation stage-specific defect in the apoptosis of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. |
| 18055 | 15470032 | Furthermore, E2f1-deficient mice showed a profound decrease of immunoregulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, while the spleen cells of NOD mice lacking E2f1 showed a significant increase of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma following antigenic stimulation in vitro. |
| 18056 | 15470032 | Consistent with these observations, E2f1 homozygous mutant NOD mice were highly predisposed to the development of IDDM and SS. |
| 18057 | 15470032 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are highly regulated autoimmune diseases that develop spontaneously in NOD mice. |
| 18058 | 15470032 | The aim of the present in vivo study was to explore the functional importance of the E2f1 molecule in IDDM and SS, in the context of whole animal physiology and pathophysiology, using E2f1-deficient NOD mice. |
| 18059 | 15470032 | These mice also exhibited a defect in T lymphocyte development, leading to excessive numbers of mature T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), due to a maturation stage-specific defect in the apoptosis of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. |
| 18060 | 15470032 | Furthermore, E2f1-deficient mice showed a profound decrease of immunoregulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, while the spleen cells of NOD mice lacking E2f1 showed a significant increase of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma following antigenic stimulation in vitro. |
| 18061 | 15470032 | Consistent with these observations, E2f1 homozygous mutant NOD mice were highly predisposed to the development of IDDM and SS. |
| 18062 | 15470032 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS) are highly regulated autoimmune diseases that develop spontaneously in NOD mice. |
| 18063 | 15470032 | The aim of the present in vivo study was to explore the functional importance of the E2f1 molecule in IDDM and SS, in the context of whole animal physiology and pathophysiology, using E2f1-deficient NOD mice. |
| 18064 | 15470032 | These mice also exhibited a defect in T lymphocyte development, leading to excessive numbers of mature T cells (CD4+ and CD8+), due to a maturation stage-specific defect in the apoptosis of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. |
| 18065 | 15470032 | Furthermore, E2f1-deficient mice showed a profound decrease of immunoregulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, while the spleen cells of NOD mice lacking E2f1 showed a significant increase of the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma following antigenic stimulation in vitro. |
| 18066 | 15470032 | Consistent with these observations, E2f1 homozygous mutant NOD mice were highly predisposed to the development of IDDM and SS. |
| 18067 | 15503275 | Published studies have shown that some serum markers used in screening for Down syndrome tend to be lower among women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18068 | 15507049 | Data were collected by interviewing adolescents with asthma, epilepsy, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18069 | 15512790 | The manipulation of a specific gene in NOD mice, the best animal model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), must allow for the precise characterization of the functional involvement of its encoded molecule in the pathogenesis of the disease. |
| 18070 | 15559165 | The present study was designed to explore the relationship between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in young Malaysian insulin dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 18071 | 15559165 | Antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly decreased while plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator for lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared to control subjects. |
| 18072 | 15559165 | The present study was designed to explore the relationship between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in young Malaysian insulin dependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. |
| 18073 | 15559165 | Antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly decreased while plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), an indicator for lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared to control subjects. |
| 18074 | 15561961 | There is still uncertainty concerning the joint action of the two established type 1 diabetes susceptibility loci, the HLA class II DQB1 and DRB1 genes (IDDM1) and the insulin gene (INS) promoter (IDDM2). |
| 18075 | 15561961 | In this study, we have assessed the combined effects of the HLA-DQB1/DRB1 and INS genotypes in 944 type 1 diabetic patients and 1,023 control subjects, all from Sardinia. |
| 18076 | 15589968 | Nitric oxide (NO) is believed to play a key role in the process of pancreatic beta-cell destruction leading to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18077 | 15589968 | Exposure of RINm5F cells to chemical NO donor such as S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) induced apoptotic events such as the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), cytochrome c release from mitochondria, activation of caspase-3, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and DNA fragmentation. |
| 18078 | 15589968 | In addition, rat islets pretreated with CR extract retained the insulin-secretion capacity even after the treatment with IL-1beta. |
| 18079 | 15616624 | The evidence that human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-mediated disease is well substantiated, and the use of transgenic technology to understand the Th1/Th2 paradigm will provide keys to attenuating pathogenic autoimmunity. |
| 18080 | 15616624 | Insofar as the role of Th1 cytokines in IDDM is concerned, interferon gamma is considered a critical player in the etiology, a proinflammatory role has been determined for IDDM, interleukin-2 is considered an "amplification" factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha presents dichotomous effects. |
| 18081 | 15616624 | Regarding the role of Th2 cytokines in IDDM, interleukin-4 is essential for immunoprotection and counterregulation of IDDM, and interleukin-10 plays immunoprotective and destructive roles. |
| 18082 | 15616624 | Of all the cytokines examined, IL-4 seems to be the likely candidate for preventing IDDM. |
| 18083 | 15616624 | The evidence that human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-mediated disease is well substantiated, and the use of transgenic technology to understand the Th1/Th2 paradigm will provide keys to attenuating pathogenic autoimmunity. |
| 18084 | 15616624 | Insofar as the role of Th1 cytokines in IDDM is concerned, interferon gamma is considered a critical player in the etiology, a proinflammatory role has been determined for IDDM, interleukin-2 is considered an "amplification" factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha presents dichotomous effects. |
| 18085 | 15616624 | Regarding the role of Th2 cytokines in IDDM, interleukin-4 is essential for immunoprotection and counterregulation of IDDM, and interleukin-10 plays immunoprotective and destructive roles. |
| 18086 | 15616624 | Of all the cytokines examined, IL-4 seems to be the likely candidate for preventing IDDM. |
| 18087 | 15616624 | The evidence that human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-mediated disease is well substantiated, and the use of transgenic technology to understand the Th1/Th2 paradigm will provide keys to attenuating pathogenic autoimmunity. |
| 18088 | 15616624 | Insofar as the role of Th1 cytokines in IDDM is concerned, interferon gamma is considered a critical player in the etiology, a proinflammatory role has been determined for IDDM, interleukin-2 is considered an "amplification" factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha presents dichotomous effects. |
| 18089 | 15616624 | Regarding the role of Th2 cytokines in IDDM, interleukin-4 is essential for immunoprotection and counterregulation of IDDM, and interleukin-10 plays immunoprotective and destructive roles. |
| 18090 | 15616624 | Of all the cytokines examined, IL-4 seems to be the likely candidate for preventing IDDM. |
| 18091 | 15616624 | The evidence that human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T cell-mediated disease is well substantiated, and the use of transgenic technology to understand the Th1/Th2 paradigm will provide keys to attenuating pathogenic autoimmunity. |
| 18092 | 15616624 | Insofar as the role of Th1 cytokines in IDDM is concerned, interferon gamma is considered a critical player in the etiology, a proinflammatory role has been determined for IDDM, interleukin-2 is considered an "amplification" factor, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha presents dichotomous effects. |
| 18093 | 15616624 | Regarding the role of Th2 cytokines in IDDM, interleukin-4 is essential for immunoprotection and counterregulation of IDDM, and interleukin-10 plays immunoprotective and destructive roles. |
| 18094 | 15616624 | Of all the cytokines examined, IL-4 seems to be the likely candidate for preventing IDDM. |
| 18095 | 15629156 | The antigenic epitopes within GAD65(448-585), GAD65(487-585), and GAD65(512-585) against insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) marker (autoantibodies against GAD65) were localized at the surface of the spherical protein nanoparticles so that anti-GAD65 Ab could recognize them. |
| 18096 | 15661602 | This study explored the illness experiences of adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using Video Intervention/Prevention Assessment (VIA). |
| 18097 | 15669604 | The polysaccharide isolated from the fruiting bodies of TA exhibits significant hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mouse models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 18098 | 15669604 | The fruiting bodies (FB), mycelium (TM) and polysaccharide (GX) of TA were fed to the IDDM and NIDDM rats, and testosterone and corticosterone levels in plasma, the weight of steroidogenic organs, and the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and P450scc enzyme were determined. |
| 18099 | 15669604 | The expression of StAR protein and P450scc enzyme were not different among groups in IDDM and NIDDM rats. |
| 18100 | 15669604 | The polysaccharide isolated from the fruiting bodies of TA exhibits significant hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mouse models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 18101 | 15669604 | The fruiting bodies (FB), mycelium (TM) and polysaccharide (GX) of TA were fed to the IDDM and NIDDM rats, and testosterone and corticosterone levels in plasma, the weight of steroidogenic organs, and the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and P450scc enzyme were determined. |
| 18102 | 15669604 | The expression of StAR protein and P450scc enzyme were not different among groups in IDDM and NIDDM rats. |
| 18103 | 15669604 | The polysaccharide isolated from the fruiting bodies of TA exhibits significant hypoglycemic activity in diabetic mouse models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 18104 | 15669604 | The fruiting bodies (FB), mycelium (TM) and polysaccharide (GX) of TA were fed to the IDDM and NIDDM rats, and testosterone and corticosterone levels in plasma, the weight of steroidogenic organs, and the expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein and P450scc enzyme were determined. |
| 18105 | 15669604 | The expression of StAR protein and P450scc enzyme were not different among groups in IDDM and NIDDM rats. |
| 18106 | 15672321 | The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the viability of perforator-based flaps (pbf) in diabetic rats. |
| 18107 | 15690345 | The 65 kDa human isoform of glutamate decarboxylase, GAD65, plays a central role in neurotransmission in higher vertebrates and is a typical autoantigen in several human autoimmune diseases, such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), Stiff-man syndrome and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I. |
| 18108 | 15690345 | Herein a model of GAD65 is presented, which is based on the recently solved crystal structures of mammalian DOPA decarboxylase and of bacterial glutamate decarboxylase. |
| 18109 | 15690446 | Fibrous and inflammatory lesions of the breast in patients with early-onset, longstanding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) can lead to misdiagnosis because the clinical, mammographic, and sonographic findings simulate breast cancer. |
| 18110 | 15699505 | In order to determine whether insulin autoimmunity could be attributed to a genetic susceptibility conferred by the INS-VNTR (IDDM2) locus, we studied the frequency of INS-VNTR alleles and the presence of IAA in 90 patients with new-onset type 1 diabetes. |
| 18111 | 15803864 | Effects of antioxidants coenzyme Q10 and lipoic acid on interleukin-1 beta-mediated inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release from cultured mouse pancreatic islets. |
| 18112 | 15803864 | During the development of the autoimmune disease, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) islet cell death is thought to be mediated in part by oxygen and nitrogen free radicals and interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), secreted by activated macrophages. |
| 18113 | 15803864 | In this study, the antioxidants coenzyme Q10 and lipoic acid were able to block IL-1beta-mediated inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from islet cells at 10(-12) M and 10(-9) M, respectively. |
| 18114 | 15841818 | Evaluation of caries risk factors and effects of a fluoride-releasing adhesive material in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): initial first-year results. |
| 18115 | 15841818 | The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of dental caries, and to determine whether there is any relationship between a fluoride-releasing adhesive material and the development of dental caries in the first year in children with insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM). |
| 18116 | 15841818 | Evaluation of caries risk factors and effects of a fluoride-releasing adhesive material in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): initial first-year results. |
| 18117 | 15841818 | The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of dental caries, and to determine whether there is any relationship between a fluoride-releasing adhesive material and the development of dental caries in the first year in children with insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDM). |
| 18118 | 15855350 | In the present study, we genotyped 835 type 1 diabetic and 401 healthy siblings at the OAS1 splice site polymorphism and (for comparison) at an A/C SNP of the insulin (IDDM2) locus. |
| 18119 | 15855350 | The strength of association was similar to that at IDDM2, where, as expected, the C/C (variable number tandem repeat class I homozygote) genotype was increased in affected compared with healthy siblings (P = 0.0025). |
| 18120 | 15855350 | In the present study, we genotyped 835 type 1 diabetic and 401 healthy siblings at the OAS1 splice site polymorphism and (for comparison) at an A/C SNP of the insulin (IDDM2) locus. |
| 18121 | 15855350 | The strength of association was similar to that at IDDM2, where, as expected, the C/C (variable number tandem repeat class I homozygote) genotype was increased in affected compared with healthy siblings (P = 0.0025). |
| 18122 | 15897618 | We performed genetic analysis of type 1 diabetes in a newly established animal model, the Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat, and found that most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes is accounted for by two major susceptibility genes, MHC and Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18123 | 15897618 | In addition, we identified a nonsense mutation in the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb) gene by positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18124 | 15897618 | In this paper, I review our positional cloning analysis of Iddm/kdp1 and propose a two-gene model of the development of type 1 diabetes in which two major susceptibility genes, Cblb and MHC, determine autoimmune reaction and tissue specificity to pancreatic beta-cells, respectively. |
| 18125 | 15897618 | We performed genetic analysis of type 1 diabetes in a newly established animal model, the Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat, and found that most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes is accounted for by two major susceptibility genes, MHC and Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18126 | 15897618 | In addition, we identified a nonsense mutation in the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb) gene by positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18127 | 15897618 | In this paper, I review our positional cloning analysis of Iddm/kdp1 and propose a two-gene model of the development of type 1 diabetes in which two major susceptibility genes, Cblb and MHC, determine autoimmune reaction and tissue specificity to pancreatic beta-cells, respectively. |
| 18128 | 15897618 | We performed genetic analysis of type 1 diabetes in a newly established animal model, the Komeda diabetes-prone (KDP) rat, and found that most of the genetic predisposition to diabetes is accounted for by two major susceptibility genes, MHC and Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18129 | 15897618 | In addition, we identified a nonsense mutation in the Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cblb) gene by positional cloning of Iddm/kdp1. |
| 18130 | 15897618 | In this paper, I review our positional cloning analysis of Iddm/kdp1 and propose a two-gene model of the development of type 1 diabetes in which two major susceptibility genes, Cblb and MHC, determine autoimmune reaction and tissue specificity to pancreatic beta-cells, respectively. |
| 18131 | 15905321 | Decreased bone mass, osteoporosis, and increased fracture rates are common skeletal complications in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type I diabetes). |
| 18132 | 15905321 | IDDM develops from little or no insulin production and is marked by elevated blood glucose levels and weight loss. |
| 18133 | 15905321 | However, osteocalcin mRNA (a marker of late-stage osteoblast differentiation) and dynamic parameters of bone formation were decreased in diabetic tibias, whereas osteoblast number and runx2 and alkaline phosphatase mRNA levels did not differ. |
| 18134 | 15905321 | This is supported by increased expression of adipocyte markers [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2, resistin, and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (alphaP2)] and the appearance of lipid-dense adipocytes in diabetic tibias. |
| 18135 | 15905321 | Decreased bone mass, osteoporosis, and increased fracture rates are common skeletal complications in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type I diabetes). |
| 18136 | 15905321 | IDDM develops from little or no insulin production and is marked by elevated blood glucose levels and weight loss. |
| 18137 | 15905321 | However, osteocalcin mRNA (a marker of late-stage osteoblast differentiation) and dynamic parameters of bone formation were decreased in diabetic tibias, whereas osteoblast number and runx2 and alkaline phosphatase mRNA levels did not differ. |
| 18138 | 15905321 | This is supported by increased expression of adipocyte markers [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2, resistin, and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (alphaP2)] and the appearance of lipid-dense adipocytes in diabetic tibias. |
| 18139 | 15909768 | Inhibition and kinetic changes of brain tryptophan-5-hydroxylase during insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the rat. |
| 18140 | 15909768 | In the present study we report results on the possible mechanism of inhibition of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase activity induced by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18141 | 15909768 | These shifts in the activity of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase developed during IDDM may not be explained only by a decrease of L-Trp, but also by a possible change in the enzyme itself, reflected in a diminished affinity for the substrate and a decreased response to phosphorylating conditions. |
| 18142 | 15909768 | Inhibition and kinetic changes of brain tryptophan-5-hydroxylase during insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the rat. |
| 18143 | 15909768 | In the present study we report results on the possible mechanism of inhibition of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase activity induced by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18144 | 15909768 | These shifts in the activity of tryptophan-5-hydroxylase developed during IDDM may not be explained only by a decrease of L-Trp, but also by a possible change in the enzyme itself, reflected in a diminished affinity for the substrate and a decreased response to phosphorylating conditions. |
| 18145 | 15983205 | With progressive islet infiltration, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were expressed in immune cells but not in beta-cells. |
| 18146 | 15983205 | The observed coincidence of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha expression in the immune cells and the induction of iNOS and procaspase 3 mRNA expression in the beta-cells depicts a sequence of pathological changes leading to apoptotic beta-cell death in the IDDM rat. |
| 18147 | 16005098 | The present study was undertaken to clarify a role of interleukin-12p40 gene (IL-12B) polymorphism, located on chromosome 5q33-34 (IDDM 18), in Japanese subjects with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). |
| 18148 | 16042135 | This autoimmune diabetes is commonly manifested in childhood and adolescence with a fast onset (type 1 diabetes, IDDM) and it can occur in adult patients with a slow onset with delayed insulin requirement, (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, LADA ). |
| 18149 | 16100680 | Topics discussed included: clinical trials with anti-CD3 in recently-diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients; Tr1 cells in bone-marrow transplantation; and, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-associated with mycophenolate mofetil and anti-CD25 in islet transplantation. |
| 18150 | 16178863 | A strong association between type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM1) and coeliac disease (CD) is well documented, but it is known that prevalence values are underestimated. |
| 18151 | 16178863 | EMA IgA and IgG1 in sera and culture supernatants were detected. |
| 18152 | 16200462 | Histopathological changes in insulin, glucagon and somatostatin cells in the islets of NOD mice during cyclophosphamide-accelerated diabetes: a combined immunohistochemical and histochemical study. |
| 18153 | 16200462 | The cyclophosphamide model of accelerated diabetes in the NOD mouse is a useful model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18154 | 16222174 | Parents of 404 children ranging from 6 to 17 years of age and diagnosed with either insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or sickle cell disease (SCD) completed the PSC while waiting for a routine medical appointment. |
| 18155 | 16246524 | Insulin alleles and autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene expression both influence insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 18156 | 16246524 | It is well established that the polymorphisms at the 5' of the insulin gene (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, probably by modifying the level of insulin expression in the thymus that in turn influences immunological tolerance to insulin as self-antigen. |
| 18157 | 16246524 | Results presented here confirm that insulin gene copies from both parental chromosomes are expressed in human thymus and that IDDM2 class III protective alleles are indeed associated with a higher level of insulin message expression. |
| 18158 | 16246524 | However, differences in insulin mRNA expression among different thymi were far wider than those determined by the class I and class III insulin gene alleles and maintained a clear correlation with AIRE expression. |
| 18159 | 16246524 | These results confirm the effect of IDDM2 alleles on insulin expression in the thymus, but suggest that the levels of AIRE may exert a stronger influence than IDDM2 alleles themselves. |
| 18160 | 16246524 | Insulin alleles and autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene expression both influence insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 18161 | 16246524 | It is well established that the polymorphisms at the 5' of the insulin gene (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, probably by modifying the level of insulin expression in the thymus that in turn influences immunological tolerance to insulin as self-antigen. |
| 18162 | 16246524 | Results presented here confirm that insulin gene copies from both parental chromosomes are expressed in human thymus and that IDDM2 class III protective alleles are indeed associated with a higher level of insulin message expression. |
| 18163 | 16246524 | However, differences in insulin mRNA expression among different thymi were far wider than those determined by the class I and class III insulin gene alleles and maintained a clear correlation with AIRE expression. |
| 18164 | 16246524 | These results confirm the effect of IDDM2 alleles on insulin expression in the thymus, but suggest that the levels of AIRE may exert a stronger influence than IDDM2 alleles themselves. |
| 18165 | 16246524 | Insulin alleles and autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene expression both influence insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 18166 | 16246524 | It is well established that the polymorphisms at the 5' of the insulin gene (IDDM2) confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, probably by modifying the level of insulin expression in the thymus that in turn influences immunological tolerance to insulin as self-antigen. |
| 18167 | 16246524 | Results presented here confirm that insulin gene copies from both parental chromosomes are expressed in human thymus and that IDDM2 class III protective alleles are indeed associated with a higher level of insulin message expression. |
| 18168 | 16246524 | However, differences in insulin mRNA expression among different thymi were far wider than those determined by the class I and class III insulin gene alleles and maintained a clear correlation with AIRE expression. |
| 18169 | 16246524 | These results confirm the effect of IDDM2 alleles on insulin expression in the thymus, but suggest that the levels of AIRE may exert a stronger influence than IDDM2 alleles themselves. |
| 18170 | 16250693 | In a previous study, a subgroup of asymptomatic insulin-dependent diabetic individuals (termed IDDM-2) were identified on the basis of diminished parasympathetic cardiac input and elevated heart rate at rest. |
| 18171 | 16268888 | We report the case of a 33-year-old patient who had had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) since he was 11 months old, and who presented with major perforating necrobiosis lipoidica (PNL) complicated by a well-differentiated epidermoid carcinoma. |
| 18172 | 16270716 | Precedence for such an approach to optimizing disease control and outcomes can be appreciated in comparing asthma with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) management in children. |
| 18173 | 16270716 | However, IDDM management focuses primarily on peripheral blood biomarkers of tight control (i.e., daily serum glucose levels) and predictors of long-term morbidity (i.e., hemoglobin A1C, or hemoglobin "remodeling" due to chronically poor control of glucose) for optimal assessment and monitoring and to best achieve these clinical objectives (Alemzadeh R, et al. |
| 18174 | 16270716 | Precedence for such an approach to optimizing disease control and outcomes can be appreciated in comparing asthma with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) management in children. |
| 18175 | 16270716 | However, IDDM management focuses primarily on peripheral blood biomarkers of tight control (i.e., daily serum glucose levels) and predictors of long-term morbidity (i.e., hemoglobin A1C, or hemoglobin "remodeling" due to chronically poor control of glucose) for optimal assessment and monitoring and to best achieve these clinical objectives (Alemzadeh R, et al. |
| 18176 | 16298616 | Selection and listing criteria for transplantation include regional priority, ABO blood type, previous islet transplant status with insulin independence, and a longer waiting time. |
| 18177 | 16298616 | Twenty-seven isolations and 14 transplants were performed in eight non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) recipients. |
| 18178 | 16307231 | Impact of IDDM2 on disease pathogenesis and progression in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: reduced insulin antibody titres and preserved beta cell function. |
| 18179 | 16369714 | Tobacco use (24%) was the most common risk factor identified, followed by hypertension (HTN, 17%), coronary artery disease (9%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/reactive airway disease (4%), non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) (4%), insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) (3.2%), cancer (3%), liver disease (2%), and HIV/AIDS (1.4%). |
| 18180 | 16380501 | Variants in the human insulin gene that affect pre-mRNA splicing: is -23HphI a functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2? |
| 18181 | 16380501 | Predisposition to type 1 diabetes and juvenile obesity is influenced by the susceptibility locus IDDM2 that includes the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18182 | 16380501 | Although the risk conferred by IDDM2 has been attributed to a minisatellite upstream of INS, intragenic variants have not been ruled out. |
| 18183 | 16380501 | These results indicate that -23HphI and IVS-69 are the most important INS variants affecting pre-mRNA splicing and suggest that -23HphI+/- is a common functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2. |
| 18184 | 16380501 | Variants in the human insulin gene that affect pre-mRNA splicing: is -23HphI a functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2? |
| 18185 | 16380501 | Predisposition to type 1 diabetes and juvenile obesity is influenced by the susceptibility locus IDDM2 that includes the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18186 | 16380501 | Although the risk conferred by IDDM2 has been attributed to a minisatellite upstream of INS, intragenic variants have not been ruled out. |
| 18187 | 16380501 | These results indicate that -23HphI and IVS-69 are the most important INS variants affecting pre-mRNA splicing and suggest that -23HphI+/- is a common functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2. |
| 18188 | 16380501 | Variants in the human insulin gene that affect pre-mRNA splicing: is -23HphI a functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2? |
| 18189 | 16380501 | Predisposition to type 1 diabetes and juvenile obesity is influenced by the susceptibility locus IDDM2 that includes the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18190 | 16380501 | Although the risk conferred by IDDM2 has been attributed to a minisatellite upstream of INS, intragenic variants have not been ruled out. |
| 18191 | 16380501 | These results indicate that -23HphI and IVS-69 are the most important INS variants affecting pre-mRNA splicing and suggest that -23HphI+/- is a common functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2. |
| 18192 | 16380501 | Variants in the human insulin gene that affect pre-mRNA splicing: is -23HphI a functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2? |
| 18193 | 16380501 | Predisposition to type 1 diabetes and juvenile obesity is influenced by the susceptibility locus IDDM2 that includes the insulin gene (INS). |
| 18194 | 16380501 | Although the risk conferred by IDDM2 has been attributed to a minisatellite upstream of INS, intragenic variants have not been ruled out. |
| 18195 | 16380501 | These results indicate that -23HphI and IVS-69 are the most important INS variants affecting pre-mRNA splicing and suggest that -23HphI+/- is a common functional single nucleotide polymorphism at IDDM2. |
| 18196 | 16385470 | The method is applied to data from a study of 1,056 type 1 diabetes families to examine the evidence for an additional putative locus (IDDM15) on chromosome 6q, linked to IDDM1 in the HLA region on chromosome 6p. |
| 18197 | 16385470 | After accounting for the strong effect of IDDM1 and the differing rates of male and female recombination in the region, we find only marginal evidence for IDDM15 (P = 0.03 to 0.002, using different methods) approximately 15 cM centromeric of the original localisation. |
| 18198 | 16385470 | The method is applied to data from a study of 1,056 type 1 diabetes families to examine the evidence for an additional putative locus (IDDM15) on chromosome 6q, linked to IDDM1 in the HLA region on chromosome 6p. |
| 18199 | 16385470 | After accounting for the strong effect of IDDM1 and the differing rates of male and female recombination in the region, we find only marginal evidence for IDDM15 (P = 0.03 to 0.002, using different methods) approximately 15 cM centromeric of the original localisation. |
| 18200 | 16390390 | The genetic component of T1DM is in large part related to genes from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex (IDDM1); however, loci from the variable nucleotide tandem repeat (VNTR) region of the insulin (INS) gene (IDDM2) and more recently, the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 region (CTLA4, IDDM12) have also been implicated. |
| 18201 | 16390390 | We discovered that younger individuals with HLA-DRB1*0301/DRB1*04 and INS I/I genotypes exhibited increased susceptibility to T1DM, whereas the interaction of INS I/I and CTLA4 G/G genotypes was more common in older children with T1DM. |
| 18202 | 16403445 | In this study, we sought to elucidate the potential of HAC vectors carrying the human proinsulin transgene for gene therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) using non-beta-cells as a host for the vector. |
| 18203 | 16403445 | To facilitate the production of mature insulin in non-beta-cells and to safely regulate the level of transgene expression, we introduced furin-cleavable sites into the proinsulin coding region and utilized the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) promoter. |
| 18204 | 16403445 | As expected, the Hsp70 promoter allowed us to regulate gene expression with temperature, and the production and secretion of intermediates of mature insulin were made possible by the furin-cleavable sites we had introduced into proinsulin. |
| 18205 | 16414754 | The nor adrenaline content of corpus cavernosum from insulin dependent (IDDM) and non insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic neuropathic patients was also found to be significantly lower (P <0.02) than that of non diabetic non neuropathic patients. |
| 18206 | 16423804 | To show the possibility of sustained-release insulin formulation composed of PLGA, the optimum one was administered to BioBreeding rat, a model of spontaneous type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18207 | 16423804 | Therefore, the formulation could become a new tool as a provider of basal insulin for IDDM patients. |
| 18208 | 16423804 | To show the possibility of sustained-release insulin formulation composed of PLGA, the optimum one was administered to BioBreeding rat, a model of spontaneous type I diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18209 | 16423804 | Therefore, the formulation could become a new tool as a provider of basal insulin for IDDM patients. |
| 18210 | 16617123 | Restoring depressed HERG K+ channel function as a mechanism for insulin treatment of abnormal QT prolongation and associated arrhythmias in diabetic rabbits. |
| 18211 | 16617123 | Here we report the efficacy of insulin in preventing QT-P and the associated arrhythmias and the mechanisms underlying the effects in a rabbit model of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18212 | 16617123 | The rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) was markedly reduced in IDDM hearts, and hyperglycemia depressed the function of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG), which conducts IKr. |
| 18213 | 16617123 | Moreover, IDDM or hyperglycemia resulted in downregulation of HERG protein level. |
| 18214 | 16617123 | Insulin restored the depressed IKr/HERG and prevented QTc/action potential duration prolongation and the associated arrhythmias, and the beneficial actions of insulin are partially due to its antioxidant ability. |
| 18215 | 16617123 | Restoring depressed HERG K+ channel function as a mechanism for insulin treatment of abnormal QT prolongation and associated arrhythmias in diabetic rabbits. |
| 18216 | 16617123 | Here we report the efficacy of insulin in preventing QT-P and the associated arrhythmias and the mechanisms underlying the effects in a rabbit model of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18217 | 16617123 | The rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) was markedly reduced in IDDM hearts, and hyperglycemia depressed the function of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG), which conducts IKr. |
| 18218 | 16617123 | Moreover, IDDM or hyperglycemia resulted in downregulation of HERG protein level. |
| 18219 | 16617123 | Insulin restored the depressed IKr/HERG and prevented QTc/action potential duration prolongation and the associated arrhythmias, and the beneficial actions of insulin are partially due to its antioxidant ability. |
| 18220 | 16617123 | Restoring depressed HERG K+ channel function as a mechanism for insulin treatment of abnormal QT prolongation and associated arrhythmias in diabetic rabbits. |
| 18221 | 16617123 | Here we report the efficacy of insulin in preventing QT-P and the associated arrhythmias and the mechanisms underlying the effects in a rabbit model of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18222 | 16617123 | The rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) was markedly reduced in IDDM hearts, and hyperglycemia depressed the function of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG), which conducts IKr. |
| 18223 | 16617123 | Moreover, IDDM or hyperglycemia resulted in downregulation of HERG protein level. |
| 18224 | 16617123 | Insulin restored the depressed IKr/HERG and prevented QTc/action potential duration prolongation and the associated arrhythmias, and the beneficial actions of insulin are partially due to its antioxidant ability. |
| 18225 | 16773407 | Two boys, after 9 and 44 months on therapy, respectively, developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), necessitating the withdrawal of Tac and the daily use of insulin for 3 and 6 months. |
| 18226 | 16786643 | Indices were studied for the blood coagulation system in 132 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18227 | 16792463 | In addition to the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 1 (IDDM1) gene, which marks the HLA region, and IDDM2 which marks the insulin gene, significant associations of DM 1A to other IDMM genes or genetic regions we reported. |
| 18228 | 16793709 | Platelet activation was assessed by flow cytometry analysis in 50 healthy controls (c) and in 41 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM type 1) who were screened for diabetic complications. |
| 18229 | 16793713 | A report of urinary and serum nitrate/nitrite, glucometabolic parameters, endothelial and in vivo platelet activation markers of 22 insulin dependent diabetics (IDDM) patients are given. |
| 18230 | 16793713 | A significant and inverse correlation of nitrate/nitrite excretion with endothelial markers (von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin) was documented. |
| 18231 | 16801088 | This study examined the significance of selected parameters of primary haemostasis to discriminate between relatives of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18232 | 16801088 | Platelet function, including markers of spontaneous and agonist-induced platelet activation (CD62), platelet consumption (microparticles) and clumping (aggregates), as well as selected parameters of the fibrinolytic system (t-PA and PAI-1), were studied in IDDM children ( n = 45), their parents ( n = 65), siblings ( n = 17) and unrelated healthy controls ( n = 51). |
| 18233 | 16801088 | Significantly decreased total PAI-1 occurred in IDDM children ( P < 0.02 versus parents); also slightly lowered active PAI-1 and t-PA antigen were noticed in IDDM subjects compared to other groups, however, the differences were not statistically significant. |
| 18234 | 16801088 | This study examined the significance of selected parameters of primary haemostasis to discriminate between relatives of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18235 | 16801088 | Platelet function, including markers of spontaneous and agonist-induced platelet activation (CD62), platelet consumption (microparticles) and clumping (aggregates), as well as selected parameters of the fibrinolytic system (t-PA and PAI-1), were studied in IDDM children ( n = 45), their parents ( n = 65), siblings ( n = 17) and unrelated healthy controls ( n = 51). |
| 18236 | 16801088 | Significantly decreased total PAI-1 occurred in IDDM children ( P < 0.02 versus parents); also slightly lowered active PAI-1 and t-PA antigen were noticed in IDDM subjects compared to other groups, however, the differences were not statistically significant. |
| 18237 | 16801088 | This study examined the significance of selected parameters of primary haemostasis to discriminate between relatives of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18238 | 16801088 | Platelet function, including markers of spontaneous and agonist-induced platelet activation (CD62), platelet consumption (microparticles) and clumping (aggregates), as well as selected parameters of the fibrinolytic system (t-PA and PAI-1), were studied in IDDM children ( n = 45), their parents ( n = 65), siblings ( n = 17) and unrelated healthy controls ( n = 51). |
| 18239 | 16801088 | Significantly decreased total PAI-1 occurred in IDDM children ( P < 0.02 versus parents); also slightly lowered active PAI-1 and t-PA antigen were noticed in IDDM subjects compared to other groups, however, the differences were not statistically significant. |
| 18240 | 16835866 | The purpose of this study was to observe the islet changes of pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) mice in comparison to normal mice after application of an extract from Siraitia grosvenori fruits containing mogrosides, in particular, mogroside V. |
| 18241 | 16835866 | In addition, alloxan induced a notable increase in the expression of CD8+ lymphocytes to form a dramatic decrease in CD4+/CD8+ ratio (while CD4+ was unchanged). |
| 18242 | 16835866 | Furthermore, at low dose, MG regulated the immune imbalance observed in alloxan-induced IDDM mice by up-regulating the CD4+ T-lymphocyte subsets and CD4/CD8 ratio, and altering the intracellular cytokine profiles. |
| 18243 | 16835866 | The expression of the pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines: IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha in splenic lymphocytes was altered toward a beneficial Th2 pattern. |
| 18244 | 16835866 | The purpose of this study was to observe the islet changes of pancreas in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) mice in comparison to normal mice after application of an extract from Siraitia grosvenori fruits containing mogrosides, in particular, mogroside V. |
| 18245 | 16835866 | In addition, alloxan induced a notable increase in the expression of CD8+ lymphocytes to form a dramatic decrease in CD4+/CD8+ ratio (while CD4+ was unchanged). |
| 18246 | 16835866 | Furthermore, at low dose, MG regulated the immune imbalance observed in alloxan-induced IDDM mice by up-regulating the CD4+ T-lymphocyte subsets and CD4/CD8 ratio, and altering the intracellular cytokine profiles. |
| 18247 | 16835866 | The expression of the pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines: IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha in splenic lymphocytes was altered toward a beneficial Th2 pattern. |
| 18248 | 16864906 | Serum IL-1beta, IL-2, and IL-6 in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 18249 | 16864906 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. |
| 18250 | 16864906 | Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. |
| 18251 | 16864906 | The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children IDDM. |
| 18252 | 16864906 | In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. |
| 18253 | 16864906 | Our data about elevated serum IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing beta-cell destruction. |
| 18254 | 16864906 | Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes. |
| 18255 | 16864906 | Serum IL-1beta, IL-2, and IL-6 in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 18256 | 16864906 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. |
| 18257 | 16864906 | Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. |
| 18258 | 16864906 | The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children IDDM. |
| 18259 | 16864906 | In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. |
| 18260 | 16864906 | Our data about elevated serum IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing beta-cell destruction. |
| 18261 | 16864906 | Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes. |
| 18262 | 16864906 | Serum IL-1beta, IL-2, and IL-6 in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 18263 | 16864906 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. |
| 18264 | 16864906 | Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. |
| 18265 | 16864906 | The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children IDDM. |
| 18266 | 16864906 | In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. |
| 18267 | 16864906 | Our data about elevated serum IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing beta-cell destruction. |
| 18268 | 16864906 | Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes. |
| 18269 | 16864906 | Serum IL-1beta, IL-2, and IL-6 in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 18270 | 16864906 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. |
| 18271 | 16864906 | Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. |
| 18272 | 16864906 | The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children IDDM. |
| 18273 | 16864906 | In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. |
| 18274 | 16864906 | Our data about elevated serum IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing beta-cell destruction. |
| 18275 | 16864906 | Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes. |
| 18276 | 16864906 | Serum IL-1beta, IL-2, and IL-6 in insulin-dependent diabetic children. |
| 18277 | 16864906 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by T-cell-dependent autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. |
| 18278 | 16864906 | Insulin is one of the islet autoantigens responsible for the activation of T-lymphocyte functions, inflammatory cytokine production, and development of IDDM. |
| 18279 | 16864906 | The aim of this study was to investigate serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in children IDDM. |
| 18280 | 16864906 | In all stages of diabetes higher levels of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and lower levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected. |
| 18281 | 16864906 | Our data about elevated serum IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and decreased IL-2, IL-6 levels in newly diagnosed IDDM patients in comparison with longer standing cases supports an activation of systemic inflammatory process during early phases of IDDM which may be indicative of an ongoing beta-cell destruction. |
| 18282 | 16864906 | Persistence of significant difference between the cases with IDDM monitored for a long time and controls in terms of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-alpha supports continuous activation during the late stages of diabetes. |
| 18283 | 16940151 | It has been well established that invasion-promoting membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), a multifunctional membrane-tethered enzyme, functions in cancer cells as a mediator of pericellular proteolysis and directly cleaves several cell surface receptors, including CD44. |
| 18284 | 16940151 | We have validated that the T cell CD44 receptor is critical for the adhesion of diabetogenic insulin-specific, CD8-positive, K(d)-restricted cells to the matrix as well as for the subsequent transmigration of the adherent T cells through the endothelium and homing of the transmigrated T cells into the pancreatic islets. |
| 18285 | 16940151 | We have determined that the inhibition of MT1-MMP by low dosages of AG3340 (a subnanomolar range hydroxamate inhibitor of MMPs that has been widely tested in cancer patients) inhibited both T cell MT1-MMP activity and MT1-MMP-dependent shedding of CD44, immobilized T cells on the endothelium, repressed the homing of diabetogenic T cells into the pancreatic islets, reduced insulitis and mononuclear cell infiltration, and promoted either the recovery or the rejuvenation of the functional insulin-producing beta cells in diabetic NOD mice with freshly developed type I diabetes (IDDM). |
| 18286 | 16940151 | We believe our data constitute a mechanistic and substantive rationale for clinical trials of selected MT1-MMP inhibitors in the therapy of IDDM in humans. |
| 18287 | 16940151 | It has been well established that invasion-promoting membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), a multifunctional membrane-tethered enzyme, functions in cancer cells as a mediator of pericellular proteolysis and directly cleaves several cell surface receptors, including CD44. |
| 18288 | 16940151 | We have validated that the T cell CD44 receptor is critical for the adhesion of diabetogenic insulin-specific, CD8-positive, K(d)-restricted cells to the matrix as well as for the subsequent transmigration of the adherent T cells through the endothelium and homing of the transmigrated T cells into the pancreatic islets. |
| 18289 | 16940151 | We have determined that the inhibition of MT1-MMP by low dosages of AG3340 (a subnanomolar range hydroxamate inhibitor of MMPs that has been widely tested in cancer patients) inhibited both T cell MT1-MMP activity and MT1-MMP-dependent shedding of CD44, immobilized T cells on the endothelium, repressed the homing of diabetogenic T cells into the pancreatic islets, reduced insulitis and mononuclear cell infiltration, and promoted either the recovery or the rejuvenation of the functional insulin-producing beta cells in diabetic NOD mice with freshly developed type I diabetes (IDDM). |
| 18290 | 16940151 | We believe our data constitute a mechanistic and substantive rationale for clinical trials of selected MT1-MMP inhibitors in the therapy of IDDM in humans. |
| 18291 | 16986170 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by selective destruction of insulin secreting pancreatic islets beta-cells. |
| 18292 | 16986170 | The formation of cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, etc.) leads to extensive morphological damage of beta-cells, DNA fragmentation, decrease of glucose oxidation, impaired glucose-insulin secretion and decreased insulin action and proinsulin biosynthesis. |
| 18293 | 16995840 | While pathogenesis of IDDM (insulin dependant diabetes mellitus) is well understood, the same is not true for diabetes mellitus type II. |
| 18294 | 17053023 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with increased risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in humans. |
| 18295 | 17053023 | Correspondingly, both diabetic models exhibited decreased osteocalcin mRNA and increased adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 2 mRNA levels in isolated tibias and calvaria. |
| 18296 | 17115199 | The aim of our study is to determine whether children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) experience alterations in blood volume (BV) before onset of apparent nephropathy. |
| 18297 | 17130566 | These data suggest that a second component of IDDM1 maps to the HLA class I region, contributing to susceptibility to as well as age-at-onset of type 1 diabetes. |
| 18298 | 17284223 | The role of the IDDM2 locus in the susceptibility of UK APS1 subjects to type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 18299 | 17284223 | Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS1) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of endocrine tissues and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. |
| 18300 | 17284223 | However, alleles of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene are known to influence the development of T1D in the general, non-APS1 population. |
| 18301 | 17284223 | Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of these IDDM2 alleles in British Caucasian patients with APS1. |
| 18302 | 17284223 | The study employed genotyping of 33 patients with APS1 for the HphI polymorphism that is in tight linkage disequilibrium with the insulin gene VNTR alleles. |
| 18303 | 17284223 | Six of eight (75%) APS1 patients with T1D were homozygous for the class I INS VNTR (susceptibility) allele, compared with eight of 25 (32%) of APS1 patients without T1D (P = 0.042). |
| 18304 | 17284223 | The role of the IDDM2 locus in the susceptibility of UK APS1 subjects to type 1 diabetes mellitus. |
| 18305 | 17284223 | Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS1) is characterized by autoimmune destruction of endocrine tissues and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. |
| 18306 | 17284223 | However, alleles of a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) 5' of the insulin gene are known to influence the development of T1D in the general, non-APS1 population. |
| 18307 | 17284223 | Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of these IDDM2 alleles in British Caucasian patients with APS1. |
| 18308 | 17284223 | The study employed genotyping of 33 patients with APS1 for the HphI polymorphism that is in tight linkage disequilibrium with the insulin gene VNTR alleles. |
| 18309 | 17284223 | Six of eight (75%) APS1 patients with T1D were homozygous for the class I INS VNTR (susceptibility) allele, compared with eight of 25 (32%) of APS1 patients without T1D (P = 0.042). |
| 18310 | 17323409 | Positional cloning of the underlying genes for the rare syndrome autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidadiasis extrodermal dystrophy (APECED) opened a new venue of research on the role of central tolerance in autoimmunity. |
| 18311 | 17323409 | Most importantly it is shown that carriers of the type 1 diabetes (T1D) associated locus IDDM2 show lower expression of insulin in mTEC, as controlled by AIRE. |
| 18312 | 17324464 | Activation induced cell death (AICD) via Fas/FasL is the primary homeostatic molecular mechanism employed by the immune system to control activated T-cell responses and promote tolerance to self-antigens. |
| 18313 | 17324464 | We herein investigated the ability of a novel multimeric form of FasL chimeric with streptavidin (SA-FasL) having potent apoptotic activity to induce apoptosis in diabetogenic T cells and modulate insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes (IDDM) in an adoptive transfer model. |
| 18314 | 17324464 | This effect was associated with an increase in CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells and correlated with FoxP3 expression in pancreatic lymph nodes. |
| 18315 | 17327440 | The association of type 1 diabetes with the insulin gene (IDDM2 locus) has been mapped to a short haplotype encompassing two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in perfect linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 1) with each other and with the two allele classes at the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism upstream of the transcription site. |
| 18316 | 17337426 | In this investigation 50 insulin dependent (IDDM) and 50 non insulin dependent (NIDDM) diabetic male patients with and without an objective evidence of neuropathy and 50 age matched non diabetic male controls were selected. |
| 18317 | 17341563 | Insulin gene/IDDM2 locus in Japanese type 1 diabetes: contribution of class I alleles and influence of class I subdivision in susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 18318 | 17361417 | This report describes type 1 insulin deficient diabetes mellitus (IDDM) arising in identical twins aged under one year. |
| 18319 | 17372456 | This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in different areas of Saudi Arabia. |
| 18320 | 17373940 | Studies in IDDM 5 have lead to the discovery of a novel polymorphism 163 A-->G, of SUMO4 (small ubiquitin-related modifier) gene, associated with risk to T1DM in Asians, but not in Caucasians. |
| 18321 | 17448564 | Although consistent linkage evidence was reported for the susceptibility intervals IDDM2, IDDM5 and IDDM12, evidence for most other intervals varies in different data sets. |
| 18322 | 17448564 | The variable number of tandem repeats at the 5' end of the insulin gene (IDDM2) regulates insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 18323 | 17448564 | The polymorphisms of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene (CTLA4, IDDM12) encoding a regulatory molecule in the immune system associate with T1D and autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD). |
| 18324 | 17448564 | Both AIRE and Foxp3, identified initially via their association with genetically manipulated mice, are involved in tolerance induction in humans. |
| 18325 | 17448564 | Although consistent linkage evidence was reported for the susceptibility intervals IDDM2, IDDM5 and IDDM12, evidence for most other intervals varies in different data sets. |
| 18326 | 17448564 | The variable number of tandem repeats at the 5' end of the insulin gene (IDDM2) regulates insulin expression in the thymus. |
| 18327 | 17448564 | The polymorphisms of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 gene (CTLA4, IDDM12) encoding a regulatory molecule in the immune system associate with T1D and autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATD). |
| 18328 | 17448564 | Both AIRE and Foxp3, identified initially via their association with genetically manipulated mice, are involved in tolerance induction in humans. |
| 18329 | 17487263 | Effect of type-1 diabetes mellitus on the regulation of insulin and endothelin-1 receptors in rat hearts. |
| 18330 | 17487263 | This project assesses the treatment role with insulin and (or) angiotensin II receptor subtype-1 (AT1-R) blocker (ARB) on insulin receptor and endothelin-1 receptor subtype (ETA-R and ETB-R) regulation in rat hearts suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18331 | 17487263 | However, ETB-R expression was significantly reduced in the diabetic group treated with both insulin and an ARB. |
| 18332 | 17487263 | The changes in the expression of the insulin, the ETA-Rs, and the ETB-Rs at the various sites of the myocardium and the effect of both insulin treatment and blockade of the AT1-R explain the new benefits related to the halting of myocardial remodeling in IDDM rats. |
| 18333 | 17487263 | Effect of type-1 diabetes mellitus on the regulation of insulin and endothelin-1 receptors in rat hearts. |
| 18334 | 17487263 | This project assesses the treatment role with insulin and (or) angiotensin II receptor subtype-1 (AT1-R) blocker (ARB) on insulin receptor and endothelin-1 receptor subtype (ETA-R and ETB-R) regulation in rat hearts suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18335 | 17487263 | However, ETB-R expression was significantly reduced in the diabetic group treated with both insulin and an ARB. |
| 18336 | 17487263 | The changes in the expression of the insulin, the ETA-Rs, and the ETB-Rs at the various sites of the myocardium and the effect of both insulin treatment and blockade of the AT1-R explain the new benefits related to the halting of myocardial remodeling in IDDM rats. |
| 18337 | 17491660 | It is well known that autoimmunity associated with the onset of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) involves the generation of autoreactive T and B cells. |
| 18338 | 17518348 | Angiotensin enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin-II receptor antagonists (ARBs) reduce proteinuria and retard the progression of renal failure in patients with IDDM and diabetic rats. |
| 18339 | 17530468 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder triggered by autoreactive T cells directed to pancreas beta-cell antigens. |
| 18340 | 17530468 | One of these ligands may be tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF-alpha superfamily. |
| 18341 | 17550100 | [Difficulties and concerns identified by Puerto Rican youth with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): their relationship with metabolic control, hopelessness, social support, and depressive symptoms]. |
| 18342 | 17550100 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic health condition that affects 18 of every 100,000 Puerto Rican youth. |
| 18343 | 17550100 | [Difficulties and concerns identified by Puerto Rican youth with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM): their relationship with metabolic control, hopelessness, social support, and depressive symptoms]. |
| 18344 | 17550100 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic health condition that affects 18 of every 100,000 Puerto Rican youth. |
| 18345 | 17551474 | Although more than 18 diabetes-predisposing genes have been reported to date, only the major histocompatibility complex (HLA) region on chromosome 6p21 (IDDM1) and the insulin gene on chromosome 11p15 (IDDM 2) have been conclusively associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. |
| 18346 | 17551474 | However, it has been shown recently that cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) on chromosome 2q33 (IDDM12) and LYP/PTPN22 on chromosome 1p13 also contribute to the genetic risk of T1DM. |
| 18347 | 17553393 | All children diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) under the age of 15 years are included. |
| 18348 | 17574431 | There are two major types of diabetes mellitus: Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes, IDDM or juvenile onset diabetes) and Type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes, NIDDM or adult-onset). |
| 18349 | 17574431 | Increased PKC activation have been associated with changes in blood flow, basement membrane thickening, extracellular matrix expansion, increases in vascular permeability, abnormal angiogenesis, excessive apoptosis and changes in enzymatic activity alterations such as Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, cPLA(2), PI3Kinase and MAP kinase. |
| 18350 | 17589018 | The diabetic patients were further grouped into noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) depending on the age of onset and mode of treatment. |
| 18351 | 17589175 | THe mean glycated hemoglobin was significantly higher in type I (IDDM) (10.2 +/- 2.2%) than in type 2 (NIDDM) diabetic respondents (9.1 +/- 2.0%), P = 0.001. |
| 18352 | 17590177 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) spontaneously as a consequence of an autoimmune process that leads to destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 18353 | 17590177 | IDDM is characterized by increased T helper 1 (Th1) cell responses toward several autoantigens, including Hsp60, glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin. |
| 18354 | 17590177 | This change included reduction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells infiltration, appearance of CD25(+) cells influx and an increased staining for interleukin (IL)-10 in the islets. |
| 18355 | 17590177 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) spontaneously as a consequence of an autoimmune process that leads to destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. |
| 18356 | 17590177 | IDDM is characterized by increased T helper 1 (Th1) cell responses toward several autoantigens, including Hsp60, glutamic acid decarboxylase and insulin. |
| 18357 | 17590177 | This change included reduction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells infiltration, appearance of CD25(+) cells influx and an increased staining for interleukin (IL)-10 in the islets. |
| 18358 | 17709893 | Information on the impact of prolonged deficient glycemic control in the quality of the gonadotropin signal delivered by the pituitary gland during puberty in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is scarce. |
| 18359 | 17761671 | The pathogenesis of IDDM involves the transmigration of autoimmune T cells into the pancreatic islets and the subsequent destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 18360 | 17761671 | We report here that specific inhibition of T cell intra-islet transmigration by using a small molecule proteinase inhibitor restores beta cell functionality, increases insulin-producing beta cell mass, and alleviates the severity of IDDM in acutely diabetic NOD mice. |
| 18361 | 17761671 | As a result, acutely diabetic NOD mice do not require insulin injections for survival for a significant time period, thus providing a promising clue to effect IDDM reversal in humans. |
| 18362 | 17761671 | The pathogenesis of IDDM involves the transmigration of autoimmune T cells into the pancreatic islets and the subsequent destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 18363 | 17761671 | We report here that specific inhibition of T cell intra-islet transmigration by using a small molecule proteinase inhibitor restores beta cell functionality, increases insulin-producing beta cell mass, and alleviates the severity of IDDM in acutely diabetic NOD mice. |
| 18364 | 17761671 | As a result, acutely diabetic NOD mice do not require insulin injections for survival for a significant time period, thus providing a promising clue to effect IDDM reversal in humans. |
| 18365 | 17761671 | The pathogenesis of IDDM involves the transmigration of autoimmune T cells into the pancreatic islets and the subsequent destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. |
| 18366 | 17761671 | We report here that specific inhibition of T cell intra-islet transmigration by using a small molecule proteinase inhibitor restores beta cell functionality, increases insulin-producing beta cell mass, and alleviates the severity of IDDM in acutely diabetic NOD mice. |
| 18367 | 17761671 | As a result, acutely diabetic NOD mice do not require insulin injections for survival for a significant time period, thus providing a promising clue to effect IDDM reversal in humans. |
| 18368 | 17897897 | The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (initially non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: NIDDM) was 10.5% and of type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: IDDM) 3.7%. |
| 18369 | 17916039 | Beta (beta)-cell replacement represents an attractive approach for the possible cure of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18370 | 17916039 | In a search for potential sources of insulin-secreting cells for IDDM substitution therapy, we have focused on the neonatal pig liver, which is putatively enriched in multipotent stem cells. |
| 18371 | 17916039 | Beta (beta)-cell replacement represents an attractive approach for the possible cure of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18372 | 17916039 | In a search for potential sources of insulin-secreting cells for IDDM substitution therapy, we have focused on the neonatal pig liver, which is putatively enriched in multipotent stem cells. |
| 18373 | 17916452 | Increased cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase expression in bone of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 18374 | 17916452 | The effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on bone metabolism was evaluated using the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat 1 week after the induction of diabetes. |
| 18375 | 17916452 | The levels of serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the distal femur of the diabetic rats were significantly reduced to about 40% and 70% of the control levels, respectively. |
| 18376 | 17916452 | The decrease in the expression osteocalcin was observed in distal femur of the diabetic rats, although the level of ALP mRNA was unchanged. |
| 18377 | 17916452 | The activity and the mRNA level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) increased to 1.5- and 2.3-fold the control level, respectively, in distal femur of the diabetic rats. |
| 18378 | 17916452 | These results suggest that IDDM contributes to bone loss through changes in gene expression of TRAP and cathepsin K in osteoclasts as well as osteocalcin in osteoblasts resulting in increased bone resorptive activity and decreased bone formation. |
| 18379 | 17916452 | Increased cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase expression in bone of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
| 18380 | 17916452 | The effect of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on bone metabolism was evaluated using the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat 1 week after the induction of diabetes. |
| 18381 | 17916452 | The levels of serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the distal femur of the diabetic rats were significantly reduced to about 40% and 70% of the control levels, respectively. |
| 18382 | 17916452 | The decrease in the expression osteocalcin was observed in distal femur of the diabetic rats, although the level of ALP mRNA was unchanged. |
| 18383 | 17916452 | The activity and the mRNA level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) increased to 1.5- and 2.3-fold the control level, respectively, in distal femur of the diabetic rats. |
| 18384 | 17916452 | These results suggest that IDDM contributes to bone loss through changes in gene expression of TRAP and cathepsin K in osteoclasts as well as osteocalcin in osteoblasts resulting in increased bone resorptive activity and decreased bone formation. |
| 18385 | 17974465 | Data on the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are presented. |
| 18386 | 18020607 | SKPT should be regarded as the treatment of choice in carefully selected patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent; IDDM) diabetes mellitus and advanced nephropathy, because of its ability to offer superior glycaemic control and an improved quality of life. |
| 18387 | 18066100 | This study aimed to investigate the interrelationship of plasma lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and erythrocyte antioxidative defense in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 18388 | 18066100 | Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid peroxides and the activities of copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as the amount of glutathione in erythrocytes, were determined in IDDM, NIDDM, and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 18389 | 18066100 | This study aimed to investigate the interrelationship of plasma lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and erythrocyte antioxidative defense in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. |
| 18390 | 18066100 | Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid peroxides and the activities of copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), as well as the amount of glutathione in erythrocytes, were determined in IDDM, NIDDM, and nondiabetic control subjects. |
| 18391 | 18167158 | This review covers the epidemiological evidence regarding the role of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on the following inflammatory or autoimmune diseases: asthma and allergic diseases, Crohn's disease (CD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and specific cancers. |
| 18392 | 18406789 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. |
| 18393 | 18432735 | Use of the BioBreeding (BB) rat to model human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is useful in that characteristics of diabetes in the BB rat closely parallel those observed in human IDDM. |
| 18394 | 18432739 | Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice spontaneously develop autoimmune T cell-mediated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18395 | 18774050 | Diabetes is divided into (1) diabetes associated with certain syndromes or conditions, (2) gestational diabetes, (3) non-insulin-dependent diabetes or type 2 diabetes, and (4) insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) or type 1 diabetes. |
| 18396 | 18789598 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also called type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), is a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease resulting from a selective destruction of pancreatic islet beta cells. |
| 18397 | 19022264 | Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) is a chronic disease characterized by the inability of the pancreas to produce sufficient amounts of insulin. |
| 18398 | 19120271 | To date, more than 19 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility loci have been mapped to specific chromosome regions in the human. |
| 18399 | 19120310 | We report a case of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), also known as slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPT1D), followed up for changes, including reactivity to the GAD65 antibody epitope for the 9-year period from impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to the insulin-dependent stage (IDDM). |
| 18400 | 19130584 | To understand the function of Th17 cells in IDDM, we differentiated islet-reactive BDC2.5 TcR transgenic CD4(+) cells in vitro into Th17 cells and transferred them into NOD.scid and neonate NOD mice. |
| 18401 | 19130584 | Surprisingly, BDC2.5(+) cells recovered from diabetic NOD.scid mice, in comparison with those from neonate NOD mice, showed predominant IFN-gamma over IL-17 expression, indicating conversion of donor cells into Th1 cells. |
| 18402 | 19130584 | Moreover, diabetes progression in NOD.scid recipients was dependent on IFN-gamma while anti-IL-17 treatment reduced insulitic inflammation. |
| 18403 | 19130584 | These results indicate that islet-reactive Th17 cells promote pancreatic inflammation, but only induce IDDM upon conversion into IFN-gamma producers. |
| 18404 | 19130584 | To understand the function of Th17 cells in IDDM, we differentiated islet-reactive BDC2.5 TcR transgenic CD4(+) cells in vitro into Th17 cells and transferred them into NOD.scid and neonate NOD mice. |
| 18405 | 19130584 | Surprisingly, BDC2.5(+) cells recovered from diabetic NOD.scid mice, in comparison with those from neonate NOD mice, showed predominant IFN-gamma over IL-17 expression, indicating conversion of donor cells into Th1 cells. |
| 18406 | 19130584 | Moreover, diabetes progression in NOD.scid recipients was dependent on IFN-gamma while anti-IL-17 treatment reduced insulitic inflammation. |
| 18407 | 19130584 | These results indicate that islet-reactive Th17 cells promote pancreatic inflammation, but only induce IDDM upon conversion into IFN-gamma producers. |
| 18408 | 19224981 | The authors conducted a series of population-based cohort studies, utilizing the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database, to assess intraindividual risks of coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), multiple sclerosis (MS), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during 1990-1999. |
| 18409 | 19224981 | Among those with IDDM, adjusted AIT rates were higher than expected for both males (SIR = 646.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 466, 873) and females (SIR = 409.6, 95% CI: 343, 485), as were RA rates for females (SIR = 181.6, 95% CI: 136, 238). |
| 18410 | 19224981 | This study demonstrates coexistence of RA, AIT, and IDDM at higher than expected rates but reduced comorbidity between RA and MS. |
| 18411 | 19224981 | The authors conducted a series of population-based cohort studies, utilizing the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database, to assess intraindividual risks of coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), multiple sclerosis (MS), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during 1990-1999. |
| 18412 | 19224981 | Among those with IDDM, adjusted AIT rates were higher than expected for both males (SIR = 646.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 466, 873) and females (SIR = 409.6, 95% CI: 343, 485), as were RA rates for females (SIR = 181.6, 95% CI: 136, 238). |
| 18413 | 19224981 | This study demonstrates coexistence of RA, AIT, and IDDM at higher than expected rates but reduced comorbidity between RA and MS. |
| 18414 | 19224981 | The authors conducted a series of population-based cohort studies, utilizing the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database, to assess intraindividual risks of coexistence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), multiple sclerosis (MS), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during 1990-1999. |
| 18415 | 19224981 | Among those with IDDM, adjusted AIT rates were higher than expected for both males (SIR = 646.0, 95% confidence interval (CI): 466, 873) and females (SIR = 409.6, 95% CI: 343, 485), as were RA rates for females (SIR = 181.6, 95% CI: 136, 238). |
| 18416 | 19224981 | This study demonstrates coexistence of RA, AIT, and IDDM at higher than expected rates but reduced comorbidity between RA and MS. |
| 18417 | 19469010 | In fact, a more appropriate indication is in patients with liver disease and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18418 | 19550073 | Expression and function of IA-2 family proteins, unique neuroendocrine-specific protein-tyrosine phosphatases. |
| 18419 | 19550073 | IA-2 (also known as islet cell antigen ICA-512) and IA-2 beta (also known as phogrin, phosphatase homologue in granules of insulinoma) are major autoantigens in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18420 | 19550073 | IA-2 and IA-2 beta are type I transmembrane proteins that possess one inactive protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domain in the cytoplasmic region, and act as one of the constituents of regulated secretory pathways in various neuroendocrine cell types including pancreatic beta-cells. |
| 18421 | 19631771 | Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) is an autoimmune disease affecting about 0.12% of the world's population. |
| 18422 | 19751417 | Bone mineral density, osteocalcin, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 18423 | 19751417 | The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence of osteopenia and the relationships between osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (bALP), and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18424 | 19757377 | Pdx1-transfected adipose tissue-derived stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vivo and reduce hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. |
| 18425 | 19757377 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by the rapid development of potentially severe metabolic abnormalities resulting from insulin deficiency. |
| 18426 | 19757377 | The transplantation of insulin-producing cells is a promising approach for the treatment of IDDM. |
| 18427 | 19757377 | The transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) plays an important role in the differentiation of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 18428 | 19757377 | STZ-treated mice transplanted with Pdx1-transduced ASCs (Pdx1-ASCs) showed significantly decreased blood glucose levels and increased survival, when compared with control mice. |
| 18429 | 19757377 | While stable expression of Pdx1 in ASCs did not induce the pancreatic phenotype in vitro in our experiment, the transplanted stem cells became engrafted in the pancreas, wherein they expressed insulin and C-peptide, which is a marker of insulin-producing cells. |
| 18430 | 19757377 | Pdx1-transfected adipose tissue-derived stem cells differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vivo and reduce hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. |
| 18431 | 19757377 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by the rapid development of potentially severe metabolic abnormalities resulting from insulin deficiency. |
| 18432 | 19757377 | The transplantation of insulin-producing cells is a promising approach for the treatment of IDDM. |
| 18433 | 19757377 | The transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) plays an important role in the differentiation of pancreatic beta cells. |
| 18434 | 19757377 | STZ-treated mice transplanted with Pdx1-transduced ASCs (Pdx1-ASCs) showed significantly decreased blood glucose levels and increased survival, when compared with control mice. |
| 18435 | 19757377 | While stable expression of Pdx1 in ASCs did not induce the pancreatic phenotype in vitro in our experiment, the transplanted stem cells became engrafted in the pancreas, wherein they expressed insulin and C-peptide, which is a marker of insulin-producing cells. |
| 18436 | 19777286 | Psychopathological factors associated with metabolic control in juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) deserve further investigation. |
| 18437 | 19851523 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes or coronary heart disease following rehabilitation express serum fractalkine levels similar to those in healthy control subjects. |
| 18438 | 19851523 | We compared serum fractalkine concentrations of 46 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 47 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) following rehabilitation with those of 50 control subjects. |
| 18439 | 19851523 | Following rehabilitation serum fractalkine levels (477 + or - 225 pg/mL) in CHD patients were similar to those in control subjects (572 + or - 205 pg/mL; P = 0.303), whereas fractalkine levels were lower in IDDM patients (430 + or - 256 pg/mL; P = 0.042). |
| 18440 | 19851523 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes or coronary heart disease following rehabilitation express serum fractalkine levels similar to those in healthy control subjects. |
| 18441 | 19851523 | We compared serum fractalkine concentrations of 46 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and 47 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (IDDM) following rehabilitation with those of 50 control subjects. |
| 18442 | 19851523 | Following rehabilitation serum fractalkine levels (477 + or - 225 pg/mL) in CHD patients were similar to those in control subjects (572 + or - 205 pg/mL; P = 0.303), whereas fractalkine levels were lower in IDDM patients (430 + or - 256 pg/mL; P = 0.042). |
| 18443 | 19877961 | Successful pancreas transplantation is an effective therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but subjects patients to morbidity and mortality associated with chronic immunosuppression. |
| 18444 | 19934373 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is the most characterized model used to study insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjoögren's syndrome (SS). |
| 18445 | 19934373 | In a previous report, we found NOD.E2f1(-/-) mice show a greater progressive development to IDDM and SS compared to NOD mice. |
| 18446 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 18447 | 19934373 | Therefore, to define the mechanism of early-onset IDDM SS in E2F-1 deficient NOD mice required further investigation by producing E2F-1 deficient NOD/SCID mice in which the T and B cells do not develop. |
| 18448 | 19934373 | The purpose here was to analyze the essential function of the E2F-1 molecule in the development of IDDM and SS; and the dysfunction of the pancreas islet and salivary gland in the NOD background using NOD/SCID mice. |
| 18449 | 19934373 | We produced NOD/SCID.E2f1(-/-) mice using homologous recombination; determined diabetes development; measured saliva and insulin production; and performed a histological analysis. |
| 18450 | 19934373 | Therefore, we considered a deficiency in E2F-1 induces a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in auto-reactive T cells; however, the E2F-1 deficiency is not associated with T and B cells-independent dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell in insulin secretion. |
| 18451 | 19934373 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is the most characterized model used to study insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjoögren's syndrome (SS). |
| 18452 | 19934373 | In a previous report, we found NOD.E2f1(-/-) mice show a greater progressive development to IDDM and SS compared to NOD mice. |
| 18453 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 18454 | 19934373 | Therefore, to define the mechanism of early-onset IDDM SS in E2F-1 deficient NOD mice required further investigation by producing E2F-1 deficient NOD/SCID mice in which the T and B cells do not develop. |
| 18455 | 19934373 | The purpose here was to analyze the essential function of the E2F-1 molecule in the development of IDDM and SS; and the dysfunction of the pancreas islet and salivary gland in the NOD background using NOD/SCID mice. |
| 18456 | 19934373 | We produced NOD/SCID.E2f1(-/-) mice using homologous recombination; determined diabetes development; measured saliva and insulin production; and performed a histological analysis. |
| 18457 | 19934373 | Therefore, we considered a deficiency in E2F-1 induces a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in auto-reactive T cells; however, the E2F-1 deficiency is not associated with T and B cells-independent dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell in insulin secretion. |
| 18458 | 19934373 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is the most characterized model used to study insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjoögren's syndrome (SS). |
| 18459 | 19934373 | In a previous report, we found NOD.E2f1(-/-) mice show a greater progressive development to IDDM and SS compared to NOD mice. |
| 18460 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 18461 | 19934373 | Therefore, to define the mechanism of early-onset IDDM SS in E2F-1 deficient NOD mice required further investigation by producing E2F-1 deficient NOD/SCID mice in which the T and B cells do not develop. |
| 18462 | 19934373 | The purpose here was to analyze the essential function of the E2F-1 molecule in the development of IDDM and SS; and the dysfunction of the pancreas islet and salivary gland in the NOD background using NOD/SCID mice. |
| 18463 | 19934373 | We produced NOD/SCID.E2f1(-/-) mice using homologous recombination; determined diabetes development; measured saliva and insulin production; and performed a histological analysis. |
| 18464 | 19934373 | Therefore, we considered a deficiency in E2F-1 induces a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in auto-reactive T cells; however, the E2F-1 deficiency is not associated with T and B cells-independent dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell in insulin secretion. |
| 18465 | 19934373 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is the most characterized model used to study insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjoögren's syndrome (SS). |
| 18466 | 19934373 | In a previous report, we found NOD.E2f1(-/-) mice show a greater progressive development to IDDM and SS compared to NOD mice. |
| 18467 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 18468 | 19934373 | Therefore, to define the mechanism of early-onset IDDM SS in E2F-1 deficient NOD mice required further investigation by producing E2F-1 deficient NOD/SCID mice in which the T and B cells do not develop. |
| 18469 | 19934373 | The purpose here was to analyze the essential function of the E2F-1 molecule in the development of IDDM and SS; and the dysfunction of the pancreas islet and salivary gland in the NOD background using NOD/SCID mice. |
| 18470 | 19934373 | We produced NOD/SCID.E2f1(-/-) mice using homologous recombination; determined diabetes development; measured saliva and insulin production; and performed a histological analysis. |
| 18471 | 19934373 | Therefore, we considered a deficiency in E2F-1 induces a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in auto-reactive T cells; however, the E2F-1 deficiency is not associated with T and B cells-independent dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell in insulin secretion. |
| 18472 | 19934373 | The non-obese diabetic mouse (NOD) is the most characterized model used to study insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Sjoögren's syndrome (SS). |
| 18473 | 19934373 | In a previous report, we found NOD.E2f1(-/-) mice show a greater progressive development to IDDM and SS compared to NOD mice. |
| 18474 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 18475 | 19934373 | Therefore, to define the mechanism of early-onset IDDM SS in E2F-1 deficient NOD mice required further investigation by producing E2F-1 deficient NOD/SCID mice in which the T and B cells do not develop. |
| 18476 | 19934373 | The purpose here was to analyze the essential function of the E2F-1 molecule in the development of IDDM and SS; and the dysfunction of the pancreas islet and salivary gland in the NOD background using NOD/SCID mice. |
| 18477 | 19934373 | We produced NOD/SCID.E2f1(-/-) mice using homologous recombination; determined diabetes development; measured saliva and insulin production; and performed a histological analysis. |
| 18478 | 19934373 | Therefore, we considered a deficiency in E2F-1 induces a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in auto-reactive T cells; however, the E2F-1 deficiency is not associated with T and B cells-independent dysfunction of pancreatic beta cell in insulin secretion. |
| 18479 | 20069546 | Type 2 diabetes has a replicated linkage on chromosome12q24.2 (NIDDM2 locus/non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 2 locus), near the HNF-1alpha/MODY3 gene. |
| 18480 | 20345871 | Changes in frequency of IDDM-associated HLA DQB, CTLA4 and INS alleles. |
| 18481 | 20345871 | With all necessary precautions required in ancient DNA analysis, frequencies of HLA DQB(57), CTLA4+49A/G and INS -23A/T alleles were assessed and compared with available data, characterising contemporary Polish population. |
| 18482 | 20345871 | Out of 86 medieval individuals typed for CTLA4+49A/G, 29.1% were homozygous for the predisposing G allele, which is significantly more than contemporarily - 7.6% (P < 0.001). |
| 18483 | 20345871 | Contrary to the initial assumptions, genetic predisposition towards type 1 diabetes, conferred by HLA DQB(57), CTLA4+49A/G and INS -23A/T alleles is much lower contemporarily than it was approximately 700 years before present. |
| 18484 | 20391195 | Characterization of insulin ILPR sequences for their ability to adopt a G-quadruplex structure. |
| 18485 | 20391195 | A major genetic factor linked to the progression of type 1 diabetes occurs in the insulin-linked polymorphic repeat region (ILPR) located 363 bp upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 18486 | 20391195 | Previous research has suggested that some sequences found within the ILPR can adopt a G-quadruplex structure, and this finding has lead to speculation that G-quadruplexes may control insulin expression in certain circumstances. |
| 18487 | 20391195 | Characterization of insulin ILPR sequences for their ability to adopt a G-quadruplex structure. |
| 18488 | 20391195 | A major genetic factor linked to the progression of type 1 diabetes occurs in the insulin-linked polymorphic repeat region (ILPR) located 363 bp upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 18489 | 20391195 | Previous research has suggested that some sequences found within the ILPR can adopt a G-quadruplex structure, and this finding has lead to speculation that G-quadruplexes may control insulin expression in certain circumstances. |
| 18490 | 20391195 | Characterization of insulin ILPR sequences for their ability to adopt a G-quadruplex structure. |
| 18491 | 20391195 | A major genetic factor linked to the progression of type 1 diabetes occurs in the insulin-linked polymorphic repeat region (ILPR) located 363 bp upstream of the human insulin gene. |
| 18492 | 20391195 | Previous research has suggested that some sequences found within the ILPR can adopt a G-quadruplex structure, and this finding has lead to speculation that G-quadruplexes may control insulin expression in certain circumstances. |
| 18493 | 20535137 | We have previously described a pair of discordant APECED siblings and pointed to a possible role of 5'insulin variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus IDDM2 in the appearance of diabetes within this disease. |
| 18494 | 20535137 | We genotyped the 5'INS VNTR locus and several flanking 11p15.5 markers in 50 Finnish APECED subjects and explored the possible contribution of IDDM2 in the development of diabetes. |
| 18495 | 20535137 | We have previously described a pair of discordant APECED siblings and pointed to a possible role of 5'insulin variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) locus IDDM2 in the appearance of diabetes within this disease. |
| 18496 | 20535137 | We genotyped the 5'INS VNTR locus and several flanking 11p15.5 markers in 50 Finnish APECED subjects and explored the possible contribution of IDDM2 in the development of diabetes. |
| 18497 | 20545565 | Susceptibility is determined by the interaction of MHC and non-MHC genes in the thymus, primarily by the IDDM1 locus, which is extremely polymorphic and thus generates multitudes of predisposing and protective haplotypes for binding self-peptides. |
| 18498 | 20698373 | Among patients undergoing CRS, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were 1.32 (P < 0.05) times more likely than nondiabetics to develop SSI. |
| 18499 | 20698373 | Diabetic patients with CRS (IDDM and NIDDM) and patients undergoing GS (IDDM) were at increased risk of SSI compared with nondiabetics. |
| 18500 | 20698373 | Among patients undergoing CRS, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were 1.32 (P < 0.05) times more likely than nondiabetics to develop SSI. |
| 18501 | 20698373 | Diabetic patients with CRS (IDDM and NIDDM) and patients undergoing GS (IDDM) were at increased risk of SSI compared with nondiabetics. |
| 18502 | 20704972 | By contrast, type 1 diabetes (T1D) or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the less common form (characterized by a lack of insulin), also described as autoimmune diabetes, is predominantly observed in children and young adults. |
| 18503 | 20818503 | Increased expression of the receptor for activation of NF-kappaB and decreased runt-related transcription factor 2 expression in bone of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. |
| 18504 | 20818503 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in humans. |
| 18505 | 20818503 | Markers of bone formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the number of osteoblasts in the proximal tibia and the serum osteocalcin level, were significantly lower. |
| 18506 | 20818503 | Markers of bone resorption, activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K and the number of osteoclasts in the proximal tibia and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, were higher in diabetic rats than control rats. mRNA levels of receptor for activation of NF-kappaB (RANK), c-fos, c-jun, TRAP and cathepsin K were significantly increased in diabetic rats, although RANK ligand, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and c-fms levels were similar to the control value. |
| 18507 | 20818503 | The decreased expression of ALP, osteoclacin and collagen mRNA in diabetic rats was associated with decreases in the expression of Runx2, Dlx5 and osterix and an unaltered expression of bone morphogenic protein-2. |
| 18508 | 20818503 | The level of RANK protein increased and Runx2 protein decreased in diabetic rats. |
| 18509 | 20818503 | These suggested that short-term IDDM induced upregulation of osteoclastogenesis with an increase in RANK and downregulation of osteoblastogenesis with a decrease in Runx2 in bone. |
| 18510 | 20818503 | Increased expression of the receptor for activation of NF-kappaB and decreased runt-related transcription factor 2 expression in bone of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. |
| 18511 | 20818503 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with an increased risk of osteopenia/osteoporosis in humans. |
| 18512 | 20818503 | Markers of bone formation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the number of osteoblasts in the proximal tibia and the serum osteocalcin level, were significantly lower. |
| 18513 | 20818503 | Markers of bone resorption, activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K and the number of osteoclasts in the proximal tibia and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, were higher in diabetic rats than control rats. mRNA levels of receptor for activation of NF-kappaB (RANK), c-fos, c-jun, TRAP and cathepsin K were significantly increased in diabetic rats, although RANK ligand, osteoprotegerin, macrophage colony-stimulating factor and c-fms levels were similar to the control value. |
| 18514 | 20818503 | The decreased expression of ALP, osteoclacin and collagen mRNA in diabetic rats was associated with decreases in the expression of Runx2, Dlx5 and osterix and an unaltered expression of bone morphogenic protein-2. |
| 18515 | 20818503 | The level of RANK protein increased and Runx2 protein decreased in diabetic rats. |
| 18516 | 20818503 | These suggested that short-term IDDM induced upregulation of osteoclastogenesis with an increase in RANK and downregulation of osteoblastogenesis with a decrease in Runx2 in bone. |
| 18517 | 20931529 | The IDDM1 locus, which lies within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and the IDDM2 locus, which is located to the insulin gene region, are two major genetic contributors of susceptibility. |
| 18518 | 20931529 | Many other loci conferring susceptibility to autoimmune diabetes are being discovered, including PTPN22, CTLA4, IL2RA and IFIH1. |
| 18519 | 21125142 | Current studies have linked the deficiency of vitamin D with different autoimmune diseases, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), multiple sclerosis (MS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). |
| 18520 | 21263829 | Current evidence suggests that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is most likely a slowly progressive autoimmune disorder. |
| 18521 | 21263829 | At onset of disease, most IDDM patients have islet-cell antibodies, more immune-associated T lymphocytes and anti-insulin antibodies. |
| 18522 | 21263829 | Current evidence suggests that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is most likely a slowly progressive autoimmune disorder. |
| 18523 | 21263829 | At onset of disease, most IDDM patients have islet-cell antibodies, more immune-associated T lymphocytes and anti-insulin antibodies. |
| 18524 | 21289788 | The five clinical classes are: Type I (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM), Type II (non-insulin-dependent, NIDDM), "other types", gestational diabetes (GDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). |
| 18525 | 21289788 | Contamination of insulin preparations by other hormones or compounds (e.g. glucagon, pro-insulin, pancreatic polypeptide) is now at a very low level. |
| 18526 | 21302718 | Epidemiological research shows a proportional interdependence of latitude and prevalence of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). |
| 18527 | 21370197 | This has been confirmed in the recent diabetes control and complications trial which has demonstrated that intensive treatment of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), with tight glycemic control close to the control range, effectively delays the onset, and slows the progression, of the various diabetic complications (1). |
| 18528 | 21374549 | Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous WOK.4BB rats develop lymphopenia, but no hyperglycemia like the BB/OK rats. |
| 18529 | 21374549 | Both strains are common the RT1 (u) haplotype of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which is essential for type 1 diabetes development in BB rats ( IDDM1). |
| 18530 | 21374549 | However, BB rats need an additional gene (lymphopenia, IDDM2, GIMAP5) to develop type 1 diabetes. |
| 18531 | 21374549 | Although congenic WOKW.4BB rats were homozygous for IDDM1 and IDDM2 of the BB/OK rat none of WOKW.4BB rats developed hyperglycemia. |
| 18532 | 21374549 | Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous WOK.4BB rats develop lymphopenia, but no hyperglycemia like the BB/OK rats. |
| 18533 | 21374549 | Both strains are common the RT1 (u) haplotype of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which is essential for type 1 diabetes development in BB rats ( IDDM1). |
| 18534 | 21374549 | However, BB rats need an additional gene (lymphopenia, IDDM2, GIMAP5) to develop type 1 diabetes. |
| 18535 | 21374549 | Although congenic WOKW.4BB rats were homozygous for IDDM1 and IDDM2 of the BB/OK rat none of WOKW.4BB rats developed hyperglycemia. |
| 18536 | 21374549 | Iddm1 and Iddm2 homozygous WOK.4BB rats develop lymphopenia, but no hyperglycemia like the BB/OK rats. |
| 18537 | 21374549 | Both strains are common the RT1 (u) haplotype of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) which is essential for type 1 diabetes development in BB rats ( IDDM1). |
| 18538 | 21374549 | However, BB rats need an additional gene (lymphopenia, IDDM2, GIMAP5) to develop type 1 diabetes. |
| 18539 | 21374549 | Although congenic WOKW.4BB rats were homozygous for IDDM1 and IDDM2 of the BB/OK rat none of WOKW.4BB rats developed hyperglycemia. |
| 18540 | 21422625 | HLA class II alleles on chromosome 6p21 [insulin dependent diabetes mellitus 1 (IDDM1)], especially DR and DQ, show strong association with T1DM. |
| 18541 | 21422625 | In addition, several studies have suggested that polymorphisms in the CTLA-4 gene (IDDM12) on chromosome 2q33 form part of the genetic susceptibility for type 1 diabetes. |
| 18542 | 21422625 | The aim of this study was to analyze HLA alleles of the DQB1 and DRB1 genes using polymerase chain reaction using sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) technique and to investigate the association of the A49G CTLA-4 polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in Lebanese T1DM patients. |
| 18543 | 21530685 | P277 is a peptide derived from the HSP60 regions, have potent immunological effect on insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and its phase III clinical trials are currently under investigation. |
| 18544 | 21567076 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus decreases osteoblastogenesis associated with the inhibition of Wnt signaling through increased expression of Sost and Dkk1 and inhibition of Akt activation. |
| 18545 | 21567076 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is known to be associated with an increased risk of osteopenia. |
| 18546 | 21567076 | After 4 weeks, the diabetic rats exhibited bone loss, low levels of osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with normal levels of bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K activity, and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (Dpd). |
| 18547 | 21567076 | The decreased expression of ALP, osteoclacin and collagen mRNA was associated with a decrease in the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix and distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) and an unaltered expression of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2). |
| 18548 | 21567076 | The protein levels of Runx2, phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), active β-catenin and β-catenin decreased. |
| 18549 | 21567076 | The mRNA and protein levels of sclerosteosis (Sost) and Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1), inhibitors of Wnt signaling, increased. |
| 18550 | 21567076 | The mRNA expression of IGF-I and the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) was suppressed. |
| 18551 | 21567076 | These changes observed in the bone of diabetic rats were reversed by treatment with insulin, but not by normalization of the circulating IGF-I levels by treatment with IGF-I. |
| 18552 | 21567076 | These results suggest that insulin-deficiency in IDDM decreases osteoblastogenesis associated with inhibition of Wnt signaling through the increased expression of Sost and Dkk1 and the inhibition of Akt activation. |
| 18553 | 21567076 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus decreases osteoblastogenesis associated with the inhibition of Wnt signaling through increased expression of Sost and Dkk1 and inhibition of Akt activation. |
| 18554 | 21567076 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is known to be associated with an increased risk of osteopenia. |
| 18555 | 21567076 | After 4 weeks, the diabetic rats exhibited bone loss, low levels of osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with normal levels of bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K activity, and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (Dpd). |
| 18556 | 21567076 | The decreased expression of ALP, osteoclacin and collagen mRNA was associated with a decrease in the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix and distal-less homeobox 5 (Dlx5) and an unaltered expression of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP2). |
| 18557 | 21567076 | The protein levels of Runx2, phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), active β-catenin and β-catenin decreased. |
| 18558 | 21567076 | The mRNA and protein levels of sclerosteosis (Sost) and Dickkopf 1 (Dkk1), inhibitors of Wnt signaling, increased. |
| 18559 | 21567076 | The mRNA expression of IGF-I and the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) was suppressed. |
| 18560 | 21567076 | These changes observed in the bone of diabetic rats were reversed by treatment with insulin, but not by normalization of the circulating IGF-I levels by treatment with IGF-I. |
| 18561 | 21567076 | These results suggest that insulin-deficiency in IDDM decreases osteoblastogenesis associated with inhibition of Wnt signaling through the increased expression of Sost and Dkk1 and the inhibition of Akt activation. |
| 18562 | 22085091 | The etiology of these lesions is unknown, although a possible relationship to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been proposed in the literature. |
| 18563 | 22294227 | Streptozotocin (STZ) is an antibiotic that can cause pancreatic β-cell destruction, so it is widely used experimentally as an agent capable of inducing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). |
| 18564 | 22679189 | The authors report a 17-year-female and a 19-year-male with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for ≥10 years, treated with insulin-secreting human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (IS-h-ADMSC). |
| 18565 | 22679189 | Thus long-term control of IDDM in PGAS-3 with co-transplantation of H-AD-IS-MSC+HSC can be achieved safely and effectively. |
| 18566 | 22679189 | The authors report a 17-year-female and a 19-year-male with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for ≥10 years, treated with insulin-secreting human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (IS-h-ADMSC). |
| 18567 | 22679189 | Thus long-term control of IDDM in PGAS-3 with co-transplantation of H-AD-IS-MSC+HSC can be achieved safely and effectively. |
| 18568 | 22745337 | This work concerns the identification of the alleles of the polymorphic DQB1 gene of the human leukocyte antigen system, conferring susceptibility to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in non-PCR amplified DNA samples and, more importantly, in crude cell extracts. |
| 18569 | 22773500 | The study focused on health education interventions as strategies to improve the adherence of individuals with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), clients of a blood glucose self-Monitoring program. |
| 18570 | 22798086 | The cases are reported of two young children who developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) within 2 weeks of receiving a diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome. |
| 18571 | 22798086 | Tests for NPHS2 and WT1 genetic mutations were negative in both patients. |
| 18572 | 22991195 | Both patients had facial asymmetry and the young man had facial dysmorphism, seizures with EEG anomalies, hemiplegia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune thyroiditis, a large hepatic cavernous vascular malformation, and left Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) [LCPD-like presentation]. |
| 18573 | 23229289 | Four subgroups were considered according to the type of maternal glucidic alteration during pregnancy and the home treatment: impaired glucose tolerance, insulin-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and gestational diabetes not controlled (NC: untreated diabetes). |
| 18574 | 23330247 | Several genes, including those encoding human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II (IDDM1 locus), insulin (IDDM2 locus), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA) 4 (IDDM12 locus), are involved in this process. |
| 18575 | 23330247 | The JSGIT study analyzed the HLA-DRB1, DQB1, DPB1, A, C, and B genes in Japanese patients with childhood T1ADM to identify candidate genes specific for Japanese individuals. |
| 18576 | 23359194 | We have evaluated, with the help of ELISA kits, the levels of ICA and serum insulin in male Sprague-Dawley rats with Streptozotocin-induced IDDM in addition to pancreatic histological findings. |
| 18577 | 23393666 | The first worldwide accepted classification scheme for DM was published in 1979 by the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) and classified DM based on the pharmacologic therapy applied into two major groups: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 18578 | 23509798 | The frequency of HLA-B∗27 phenotype was 10.50% in 724 ankylosing spondylitis, 16.80% in 125 uveitis (3.41% BMD, 4.24% CBD, P < 0.0001); HLA-B∗51 allele was 15.57% in 212 Behçet's disease (12.91% BMD, 9.88% CBD, P < 0.0001); the HLA-DRB1-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) shared epitope was 13.72% in 554 RA (10.85% BMD, 13.48% CBD, P = 0.016); the carriers of almost one of HLA-DQB1 susceptibility alleles were 84.91% in 795 celiac disease (CD) and 59.37% in 256 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (46.06% in 875 CBD, 42.75% in 662 BMD P < 0.0001). |
| 18579 | 23632905 | Hepatic mRNA was extracted, and the relative expression of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Clock, Cry1), as well as CCGs (Dbp, E4bp4, RevErbα, Rorα, Pparγ), was analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. |
| 18580 | 23632905 | Diabetic STZ and Iddm rats, as well as insulin-substituted Iddm rats, exhibited a significant diurnal expression pattern of clock genes as determined by Cosinor analysis; however, the MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm) of Bmal1, Per2, and Clock transcript expression was altered in Iddm and insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18581 | 23632905 | Insulin administration to Iddm rats normalized the enhanced MESOR in the expression of Dbp, RevErbα, and E4bp4 to the levels of normoglycemic controls. |
| 18582 | 23632905 | Cosinor analysis indicated no diurnal rhythm of Pparγ expression in the livers of diabetic STZ or Iddm rats or in those of insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18583 | 23632905 | Also, insulin substitution could not reverse the decreased MESOR of Pparγ expression in Iddm rats. |
| 18584 | 23632905 | Hepatic mRNA was extracted, and the relative expression of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Clock, Cry1), as well as CCGs (Dbp, E4bp4, RevErbα, Rorα, Pparγ), was analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. |
| 18585 | 23632905 | Diabetic STZ and Iddm rats, as well as insulin-substituted Iddm rats, exhibited a significant diurnal expression pattern of clock genes as determined by Cosinor analysis; however, the MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm) of Bmal1, Per2, and Clock transcript expression was altered in Iddm and insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18586 | 23632905 | Insulin administration to Iddm rats normalized the enhanced MESOR in the expression of Dbp, RevErbα, and E4bp4 to the levels of normoglycemic controls. |
| 18587 | 23632905 | Cosinor analysis indicated no diurnal rhythm of Pparγ expression in the livers of diabetic STZ or Iddm rats or in those of insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18588 | 23632905 | Also, insulin substitution could not reverse the decreased MESOR of Pparγ expression in Iddm rats. |
| 18589 | 23632905 | Hepatic mRNA was extracted, and the relative expression of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Clock, Cry1), as well as CCGs (Dbp, E4bp4, RevErbα, Rorα, Pparγ), was analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. |
| 18590 | 23632905 | Diabetic STZ and Iddm rats, as well as insulin-substituted Iddm rats, exhibited a significant diurnal expression pattern of clock genes as determined by Cosinor analysis; however, the MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm) of Bmal1, Per2, and Clock transcript expression was altered in Iddm and insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18591 | 23632905 | Insulin administration to Iddm rats normalized the enhanced MESOR in the expression of Dbp, RevErbα, and E4bp4 to the levels of normoglycemic controls. |
| 18592 | 23632905 | Cosinor analysis indicated no diurnal rhythm of Pparγ expression in the livers of diabetic STZ or Iddm rats or in those of insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18593 | 23632905 | Also, insulin substitution could not reverse the decreased MESOR of Pparγ expression in Iddm rats. |
| 18594 | 23632905 | Hepatic mRNA was extracted, and the relative expression of clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Clock, Cry1), as well as CCGs (Dbp, E4bp4, RevErbα, Rorα, Pparγ), was analyzed by reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. |
| 18595 | 23632905 | Diabetic STZ and Iddm rats, as well as insulin-substituted Iddm rats, exhibited a significant diurnal expression pattern of clock genes as determined by Cosinor analysis; however, the MESOR (midline estimating statistic of rhythm) of Bmal1, Per2, and Clock transcript expression was altered in Iddm and insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18596 | 23632905 | Insulin administration to Iddm rats normalized the enhanced MESOR in the expression of Dbp, RevErbα, and E4bp4 to the levels of normoglycemic controls. |
| 18597 | 23632905 | Cosinor analysis indicated no diurnal rhythm of Pparγ expression in the livers of diabetic STZ or Iddm rats or in those of insulin-substituted Iddm rats. |
| 18598 | 23632905 | Also, insulin substitution could not reverse the decreased MESOR of Pparγ expression in Iddm rats. |
| 18599 | 23649196 | In vivo investigation on nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice indicated that compound 4 decreased the incidence of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; type 1 diabetes) of NOD mice which suggested a potential activity of compound 4 against type 1 diabetes. |
| 18600 | 23653585 | The same deletion was identified in her father who presents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed at 14 years. |
| 18601 | 24012439 | Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) belongs to IL-1 family and is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine. |
| 18602 | 24012439 | This review discusses the contribution of IL-1β to the course of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatic diseases, uveitis, autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), multiple sclerosis (MS), myocarditis, hepatitis and kidney diseases. |
| 18603 | 3947142 | LJM was noted in 131 (55%) of the 238 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as opposed to 31 of the 41 patients (76%) with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |