Gene name: potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 1
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12882916
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The presence of mRNA for SK1, -2, -3, and -4 (intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) 1 [IK1]) channels was demonstrated by RT-PCR in rodent islets and insulinoma cells.
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12882916
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SK2 and -3 proteins in mouse islets were detected by immunoblot and immunocytochemistry.
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12882916
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We conclude that SK1, -2, -3, and IK1 (SK4) are expressed in islet cells and insulin-secreting cells and are able to influence glucose-induced calcium responses, thereby regulating insulin secretion.
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12882916
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The presence of mRNA for SK1, -2, -3, and -4 (intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) 1 [IK1]) channels was demonstrated by RT-PCR in rodent islets and insulinoma cells.
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5 |
12882916
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SK2 and -3 proteins in mouse islets were detected by immunoblot and immunocytochemistry.
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6 |
12882916
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We conclude that SK1, -2, -3, and IK1 (SK4) are expressed in islet cells and insulin-secreting cells and are able to influence glucose-induced calcium responses, thereby regulating insulin secretion.
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16516816
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In this study we examined the effect of oxLDL-IC on sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1), an enzyme implicated in mediating pro-survival and inflammatory responses through the generation of the signaling molecule sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).
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19657322
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Transforming growth factor-beta2 upregulates sphingosine kinase-1 activity, which in turn attenuates the fibrotic response to TGF-beta2 by impeding CTGF expression.
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19657322
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Transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) stimulates the expression of pro-fibrotic connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) during the course of renal disease.
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19657322
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Because sphingosine kinase-1 (SK-1) activity is also upregulated by TGF-beta, we studied its effect on CTGF expression and on the development of renal fibrosis.
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19657322
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Over-expression of SK-1 reduced CTGF induction, an effect mediated by intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate.
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19657322
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Similarly, in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy, SK-1 and CTGF were upregulated in podocytes.
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13 |
19657322
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Transforming growth factor-beta2 upregulates sphingosine kinase-1 activity, which in turn attenuates the fibrotic response to TGF-beta2 by impeding CTGF expression.
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14 |
19657322
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Transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-beta2) stimulates the expression of pro-fibrotic connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) during the course of renal disease.
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19657322
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Because sphingosine kinase-1 (SK-1) activity is also upregulated by TGF-beta, we studied its effect on CTGF expression and on the development of renal fibrosis.
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16 |
19657322
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Over-expression of SK-1 reduced CTGF induction, an effect mediated by intracellular sphingosine-1-phosphate.
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17 |
19657322
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Similarly, in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy, SK-1 and CTGF were upregulated in podocytes.
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21107608
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Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2106261 and rs7193343 in ZFHX3 (zinc finger homeobox 3 gene) and rs13376333 in KCNN3 (encoding a potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 3) that showed significant association with AF in multiple populations of European ancestry.
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21107608
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Here, we studied a Chinese Han, GeneID cohort consisting of 650 AF patients and 1,447 non-AF controls to test whether the GWAS findings on ZFHX3/KCNN3 and AF can be expanded to a different ethnic population.
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21107608
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No significant association was detected for rs7193343 in ZFHX3 and rs13376333 in KCNN3.
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22422617
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In these cells, treatment with pertussis toxin abolished LDL-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), indicating the involvement of heterotrimeric G proteins in LDL signaling.
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22422617
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Treatment with LDL promoted activation and translocation of endogenous sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) from the cytosol to the plasma membrane concomitant with production of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).
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22422617
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Pretreating cells with SK inhibitor, dimethylsphinogsine or down-regulation of SK1 and SK2 revealed that LDL-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and JNK is mediated by SK1.
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22422617
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Pretreating cells with S1P₁/S1P₃ receptor antagonist VPC23019 significantly inhibited activation of ERK1/2 and JNK by LDL, suggesting that LDL elicits G protein-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and JNK by stimulating SK1-dependent transactivation of S1P receptors.
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22422617
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Furthermore, S1P stimulation induced expression of CTGF in a dose-dependent manner that was markedly inhibited by blocking the ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways.
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22422617
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Our data suggest that SK1-dependent S1P receptor transactivation is upstream of ERK1/2 and JNK and that all three steps are required for LDL-regulated expression of CTGF in mesangial cells.
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27 |
22422617
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In these cells, treatment with pertussis toxin abolished LDL-stimulated activation of ERK1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), indicating the involvement of heterotrimeric G proteins in LDL signaling.
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28 |
22422617
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Treatment with LDL promoted activation and translocation of endogenous sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) from the cytosol to the plasma membrane concomitant with production of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P).
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29 |
22422617
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Pretreating cells with SK inhibitor, dimethylsphinogsine or down-regulation of SK1 and SK2 revealed that LDL-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and JNK is mediated by SK1.
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30 |
22422617
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Pretreating cells with S1P₁/S1P₃ receptor antagonist VPC23019 significantly inhibited activation of ERK1/2 and JNK by LDL, suggesting that LDL elicits G protein-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and JNK by stimulating SK1-dependent transactivation of S1P receptors.
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31 |
22422617
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Furthermore, S1P stimulation induced expression of CTGF in a dose-dependent manner that was markedly inhibited by blocking the ERK1/2 and JNK signaling pathways.
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32 |
22422617
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Our data suggest that SK1-dependent S1P receptor transactivation is upstream of ERK1/2 and JNK and that all three steps are required for LDL-regulated expression of CTGF in mesangial cells.
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