Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: LCN2

Gene name: lipocalin 2

HGNC ID: 6526

Synonyms: NGAL, 24p3

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ADIPOQ	1 hits
2	ADIPOR2	1 hits
3	AGT	1 hits
4	ALB	1 hits
5	B2M	1 hits
6	CST3	1 hits
7	EDA	1 hits
8	FABP1	1 hits
9	FABP4	1 hits
10	GPNMB	1 hits
11	GSTCD	1 hits
12	HAVCR1	1 hits
13	HBB	1 hits
14	HIF1A	1 hits
15	HP	1 hits
16	IGF1	1 hits
17	IGFBP3	1 hits
18	IL18	1 hits
19	IL6	1 hits
20	INS	1 hits
21	LEP	1 hits
22	LIPG	1 hits
23	MASP2	1 hits
24	MBL2	1 hits
25	MMP2	1 hits
26	MMP9	1 hits
27	NAMPT	1 hits
28	NPHS2	1 hits
29	PDXP	1 hits
30	PNPLA2	1 hits
31	PTGDS	1 hits
32	RBP4	1 hits
33	RENBP	1 hits
34	RETN	1 hits
35	SETD2	1 hits
36	SPP1	1 hits
37	TNF	1 hits
38	UGT1A3	1 hits
39	UGT8	1 hits
40	UMOD	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	16772710	Neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and renal function after percutaneous coronary interventions.
2	17040956	Lipocalin-2 is an inflammatory marker closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in humans.
3	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
4	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
5	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
6	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
7	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
8	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
9	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
10	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
11	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
12	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
13	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
14	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
15	17901710	Could neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C predict the development of contrast-induced nephropathy after percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with stable angina and normal serum creatinine values?
16	17901710	The value of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) was highlighted as a novel biomarker for the detection of acute renal failure.
17	17901710	In addition, we assessed serum and urinary NGAL in relation to cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urinary creatinine in these patients.
18	17901710	The NGAL levels were significantly higher 2 h after the PCI (serum NGAL) or 4 h after the PCI (urinary NGAL), whereas the cystatin C values were higher only 8 and 24 h after a PCI procedure in patients with CIN.
19	18487287	Retinol-binding protein 4 and lipocalin-2 in childhood and adolescent obesity: when children are not just "small adults".
20	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
21	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
22	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
23	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
24	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
25	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
26	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
27	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
28	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
29	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
30	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
31	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
32	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
33	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
34	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
35	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
36	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
37	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
38	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
39	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
40	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
41	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
42	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
43	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
44	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
45	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
46	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
47	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
48	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
49	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
50	18661413	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a marker of renal function in non-diabetic patients with stage 2-4 chronic kidney disease.
51	18661413	Serum and urinary NGAL as well as serum cystatin C were measured using commercially available kits.
52	18661413	Serum NGAL was related, in univariate analysis, to serum creatinine, urinary NGAL, hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte count, eGFR, and cystatin C.
53	18661413	Urinary NGAL correlated with age, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum creatinine, and eGFR.
54	18661413	In multiple regression analysis, predictors of serum NGAL were creatinine (beta value = 0.97, p = 0.005), cystatin C (beta = 0.34, p = 0.01), and eGFR (beta value = 1.77, p = 0.001).
55	18661413	In the healthy volunteers, serum NGAL correlated with age, serum creatinine, eGFR, leukocyte count, and cystatin C.
56	19148153	Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels reflect damage to glomeruli, proximal tubules, and distal nephrons.
57	19148153	Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal or lipocalin 2) is a very early and sensitive biomarker of kidney injury.
58	19148153	Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels reflect damage to glomeruli, proximal tubules, and distal nephrons.
59	19148153	Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal or lipocalin 2) is a very early and sensitive biomarker of kidney injury.
60	19321980	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early biomarker of nephropathy in diabetic patients.
61	19390997	Changes of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: one year observational follow-up study.
62	19390997	We initiated the present work to explore whether neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could be used to predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.
63	19390997	Moreover, urine NGAL was found to be correlated positively with cystatin C, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine (SCr), and inversely with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), while serum NGAL correlated negatively with cystatin C and urea nitrogen, at both baseline and follow-up levels.
64	19390997	Changes of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: one year observational follow-up study.
65	19390997	We initiated the present work to explore whether neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could be used to predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.
66	19390997	Moreover, urine NGAL was found to be correlated positively with cystatin C, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine (SCr), and inversely with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), while serum NGAL correlated negatively with cystatin C and urea nitrogen, at both baseline and follow-up levels.
67	19390997	Changes of serum and urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in type-2 diabetic patients with nephropathy: one year observational follow-up study.
68	19390997	We initiated the present work to explore whether neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could be used to predict the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type-2 diabetic patients.
69	19390997	Moreover, urine NGAL was found to be correlated positively with cystatin C, urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine (SCr), and inversely with glomerular filtration rate (GFR), while serum NGAL correlated negatively with cystatin C and urea nitrogen, at both baseline and follow-up levels.
70	19474274	Reduction in urinary excretion of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin by angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertensive patients.
71	19875582	Adipocytokines and insulin resistance: the possible role of lipocalin-2, retinol binding protein-4, and adiponectin.
72	20068130	Lipocalin-2 deficiency attenuates insulin resistance associated with aging and obesity.
73	20157738	The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and interleukin (IL)-18 and their relations to albumin excretion rate (AER) in children with normal-range albuminuria, e.g. in those considered as not presenting diabetic nephropathy.
74	20425065	Recent markers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), and podocin have garnered a lot of attention.
75	20477413	In this review, we shall examine the evidence suggesting that several novel adipokines, adiponectin, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, retinol-binding protein-4 and lipocalin-2, may hold promise as important clinical biomarkers to identify individuals at risk for the metabolic syndrome and related comorbidities.
76	20620526	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin correlates with kidney function in heart allograft recipients.
77	20620526	The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a novel marker for early detection of acute renal failure has been highlighted recently.
78	20620526	On univariate analysis serum NGAL strongly correlated with serum creatinine (r = .70, P < .001), estimated GFR (CKD-EPI, r = -.57, P < .001, MDRD r = .56, P < .001, Cockcroft-Gault, r = -.56, P < .001), 24-hour creatinine clearance (r = .43, P < .001), and cystatin C (r = .74, P < .001).
79	20620526	In contrast, it was moderately correlated with red blood cell count (r = -.39, P < .01), hemoglobin level (r = -.42, P < .01), NT-proBNP (r = .25, P < .01), and only weakly with New York Heart Association class (r = .21, P < .05), time after transplantation (r = .21, P < .05), or age (r = .19, P < .05) upon multiple regression analysis, the best predictor of serum NGAL was estimated GFR (beta -0.87, P < .0001), explaining 89% of the NGAL concentrations.
80	20620526	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin correlates with kidney function in heart allograft recipients.
81	20620526	The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a novel marker for early detection of acute renal failure has been highlighted recently.
82	20620526	On univariate analysis serum NGAL strongly correlated with serum creatinine (r = .70, P < .001), estimated GFR (CKD-EPI, r = -.57, P < .001, MDRD r = .56, P < .001, Cockcroft-Gault, r = -.56, P < .001), 24-hour creatinine clearance (r = .43, P < .001), and cystatin C (r = .74, P < .001).
83	20620526	In contrast, it was moderately correlated with red blood cell count (r = -.39, P < .01), hemoglobin level (r = -.42, P < .01), NT-proBNP (r = .25, P < .01), and only weakly with New York Heart Association class (r = .21, P < .05), time after transplantation (r = .21, P < .05), or age (r = .19, P < .05) upon multiple regression analysis, the best predictor of serum NGAL was estimated GFR (beta -0.87, P < .0001), explaining 89% of the NGAL concentrations.
84	20620526	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin correlates with kidney function in heart allograft recipients.
85	20620526	The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a novel marker for early detection of acute renal failure has been highlighted recently.
86	20620526	On univariate analysis serum NGAL strongly correlated with serum creatinine (r = .70, P < .001), estimated GFR (CKD-EPI, r = -.57, P < .001, MDRD r = .56, P < .001, Cockcroft-Gault, r = -.56, P < .001), 24-hour creatinine clearance (r = .43, P < .001), and cystatin C (r = .74, P < .001).
87	20620526	In contrast, it was moderately correlated with red blood cell count (r = -.39, P < .01), hemoglobin level (r = -.42, P < .01), NT-proBNP (r = .25, P < .01), and only weakly with New York Heart Association class (r = .21, P < .05), time after transplantation (r = .21, P < .05), or age (r = .19, P < .05) upon multiple regression analysis, the best predictor of serum NGAL was estimated GFR (beta -0.87, P < .0001), explaining 89% of the NGAL concentrations.
88	20620526	Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin correlates with kidney function in heart allograft recipients.
89	20620526	The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a novel marker for early detection of acute renal failure has been highlighted recently.
90	20620526	On univariate analysis serum NGAL strongly correlated with serum creatinine (r = .70, P < .001), estimated GFR (CKD-EPI, r = -.57, P < .001, MDRD r = .56, P < .001, Cockcroft-Gault, r = -.56, P < .001), 24-hour creatinine clearance (r = .43, P < .001), and cystatin C (r = .74, P < .001).
91	20620526	In contrast, it was moderately correlated with red blood cell count (r = -.39, P < .01), hemoglobin level (r = -.42, P < .01), NT-proBNP (r = .25, P < .01), and only weakly with New York Heart Association class (r = .21, P < .05), time after transplantation (r = .21, P < .05), or age (r = .19, P < .05) upon multiple regression analysis, the best predictor of serum NGAL was estimated GFR (beta -0.87, P < .0001), explaining 89% of the NGAL concentrations.
92	20854382	Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM1) in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a cross-sectional study and the effects of lisinopril.
93	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
94	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
95	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
96	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
97	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
98	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
99	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
100	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
101	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
102	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
103	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
104	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
105	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
106	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
107	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
108	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
109	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
110	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
111	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
112	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
113	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
114	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
115	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
116	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
117	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
118	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
119	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
120	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
121	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
122	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
123	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
124	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
125	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
126	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
127	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
128	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
129	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
130	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
131	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
132	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
133	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
134	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
135	20960272	Disease and gender-specific dysregulation of NGAL and MMP-9 in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
136	20960272	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a biomarker of renal injury, can bind matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and inhibit its degradation, thereby sustaining MMP-9 proteolytic activity.
137	20960272	Our objective was to determine whether NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation might contribute to or serve as a biomarker of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 DM (T1DM).
138	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, and urine NGAL and MMP-9 concentrations were measured in 121 T1DM and 55 control subjects and examined relative to indicators of glycemia, renal function, and degree of albuminuria.
139	20960272	T1DM was associated with a significant increase in urinary excretion of both NGAL and MMP-9, and urine NGAL:Cr (NGAL corrected to urine creatinine) and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations were highly correlated with each other.
140	20960272	Plasma MMP-9, urine MMP-9, and urine NGAL concentrations were significantly higher in females compared to males, and urine MMP-9:Cr concentrations displayed a menstrual cycle specific pattern.
141	20960272	Increased urinary excretion of NGAL and MMP-9 supports a role for NGAL/MMP-9 dysregulation in renal dysfunction; moreover, gender-specific differences could support a gender contribution to pathological mechanisms or susceptibility for the development of renal complications in diabetes mellitus.
142	21102505	Novel genes that were altered at both 1 and 2 weeks of high-glucose exposure included neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (LCN2 or NGAL, decreased by 3.2-fold at 1 week and by 7.2-fold at 2 weeks), endothelial lipase (EL, increased by 3.6-fold at 1 week and 3.9-fold at 2 week) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 8 (UGT8, increased by 3.9-fold at 1 week and 5.0-fold at 2 weeks).
143	21102505	A more detailed time course revealed changes in LCN2 and EL mRNA levels as early as 6 hours and in UGT8 mRNA level at 12 hours post high-glucose exposure.
144	21102505	Novel genes that were altered at both 1 and 2 weeks of high-glucose exposure included neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (LCN2 or NGAL, decreased by 3.2-fold at 1 week and by 7.2-fold at 2 weeks), endothelial lipase (EL, increased by 3.6-fold at 1 week and 3.9-fold at 2 week) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 8 (UGT8, increased by 3.9-fold at 1 week and 5.0-fold at 2 weeks).
145	21102505	A more detailed time course revealed changes in LCN2 and EL mRNA levels as early as 6 hours and in UGT8 mRNA level at 12 hours post high-glucose exposure.
146	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
147	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
148	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
149	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
150	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
151	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
152	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
153	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
154	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
155	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
156	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
157	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
158	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
159	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
160	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
161	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
162	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
163	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
164	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
165	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
166	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
167	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
168	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
169	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
170	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
171	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
172	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
173	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
174	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
175	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
176	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
177	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
178	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
179	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
180	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
181	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
182	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
183	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
184	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
185	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
186	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
187	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
188	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
189	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
190	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
191	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
192	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
193	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
194	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
195	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
196	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
197	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
198	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
199	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
200	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
201	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
202	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2-synthase correlate with markers of inflammatory activity, alcohol intake and blood lipids, but not with insulin sensitivity in metabolically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men.
203	21104585	The lipocalins retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4, lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D-synthase (L-PGDS) have been suggested to mediate obesity-associated insulin resistance and other metabolic co-morbidities.
204	21104585	Therefore, we examined the correlations between serum levels of RBP-4, L-PGDS and lipocalin-2 and insulin sensitivity and other metabolic parameters in non-diabetic subjects selected to display variations in insulin sensitivity. 100 clinically healthy 58-year-old Swedish men were selected by stratified sampling among 818 screened subjects to represent quintiles of varying degrees of insulin sensitivity.
205	21104585	However, we found that lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were correlated with each other, but not with RBP-4.
206	21104585	Lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS were positively correlated with soluble TNF- receptors 1 and 2 and negatively with alcohol consumption and serum HDL.
207	21104585	Further, lipocalin-2 was correlated with interleukin-6 whereas RBP-4 was negatively correlated with TNF-α.
208	21104585	□These results suggest that RBP-4, lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS do not regulate insulin sensitivity in healthy men.
209	21104585	Rather the expression levels of lipocalin-2 and L-PGDS, but not RBP-4, seemed to reflect inflammatory activity and were inversely correlated with alcohol intake and serum HDL levels.
210	21160226	Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients in a four-year follow-up study.
211	21209254	Sweet Pee mutants did not exhibit increased KIM-1 or NGAL, markers of acute tubular injury.
212	21270761	To examine whether markers of tubular damage are useful in monitoring the progression of disease, we measured urinary levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in a 3-year intervention study of 63 type 1 diabetic patients with kidney disease.
213	21270761	Patients with the highest compared with the lowest quartile of urinary NGAL at baseline had higher urinary KIM-1 levels and a significant decrease in their GFR each year.
214	21270761	Using linear regression analysis, we found that elevated urinary NGAL and KIM-1 concentrations were associated with a faster decline in GFR, but not after adjustment for known promoters of progression.
215	21270761	To examine whether markers of tubular damage are useful in monitoring the progression of disease, we measured urinary levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in a 3-year intervention study of 63 type 1 diabetic patients with kidney disease.
216	21270761	Patients with the highest compared with the lowest quartile of urinary NGAL at baseline had higher urinary KIM-1 levels and a significant decrease in their GFR each year.
217	21270761	Using linear regression analysis, we found that elevated urinary NGAL and KIM-1 concentrations were associated with a faster decline in GFR, but not after adjustment for known promoters of progression.
218	21270761	To examine whether markers of tubular damage are useful in monitoring the progression of disease, we measured urinary levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), liver-fatty acid-binding protein (LFABP), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in a 3-year intervention study of 63 type 1 diabetic patients with kidney disease.
219	21270761	Patients with the highest compared with the lowest quartile of urinary NGAL at baseline had higher urinary KIM-1 levels and a significant decrease in their GFR each year.
220	21270761	Using linear regression analysis, we found that elevated urinary NGAL and KIM-1 concentrations were associated with a faster decline in GFR, but not after adjustment for known promoters of progression.
221	21311195	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a predictor of complications and mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac major surgery.
222	21389974	Hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 (Gpnmb/Osteoactivin) is a biomarker of progressive renal injury across species.
223	21389974	We sought to find a urinary biomarker for chronic kidney disease and tested hematopoietic growth factor inducible neurokinin-1 (HGFIN, also known as Gpnmb/Osteoactivin) as it was found to be a kidney injury biomarker in microarray studies.
224	21389974	The urine HGFIN-to-creatinine ratio compared favorably with the urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)-to-creatinine ratio (both measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs)), and correlated strongly with proteinuria, but weakly with estimated glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine.
225	21527942	Markers of tubular damage, such as NGAL, KIM-1, and LFABP, have been proposed for monitoring the effectiveness of therapy.
226	21670771	Elevated levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in bile from patients with malignant pancreatobiliary disease.
227	21779943	Tubular markers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-β-D: -glucosaminidase (NAG), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), as well as urinary albumin excretion were measured in voided urine.
228	21779943	Compared with the control group, Urinary NGAL [median (IQR)][83.6(41.4-138.7) μg/gcr vs. 32.9(26.1-64.5) μg/gcr], NAG [13.5(8.7-17.9) U/gcr vs. 7.6(6.5-13.0) U/gcr] and KIM-1 [120.0(98.4-139.9) ng/gcr vs. 103.1(86.8-106.2) ng/gcr] in the T2DM were all markedly increased.
229	21779943	Tubular markers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), N-acetyl-β-D: -glucosaminidase (NAG), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), as well as urinary albumin excretion were measured in voided urine.
230	21779943	Compared with the control group, Urinary NGAL [median (IQR)][83.6(41.4-138.7) μg/gcr vs. 32.9(26.1-64.5) μg/gcr], NAG [13.5(8.7-17.9) U/gcr vs. 7.6(6.5-13.0) U/gcr] and KIM-1 [120.0(98.4-139.9) ng/gcr vs. 103.1(86.8-106.2) ng/gcr] in the T2DM were all markedly increased.
231	21872946	Prognostic value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in acute heart failure.
232	21885675	Circulating lipocalin 2 is associated with body fat distribution at baseline but is not an independent predictor of insulin resistance: the prospective Cyprus Metabolism Study.
233	21904663	The percentage change in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a protein whose expression is increased with renal ischemia, was then used to determine the extent of injury.
234	21921021	Activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, and its complex with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/MMP-9) were measured by substrate gel zymography in urine from nondiabetic (ND) and type 1 diabetic (T1D) rodents that were susceptible to both T1D-induced plaque angiogenesis and nephropathy, or nephropathy alone.
235	21921021	Urinary MMP-9, MMP-2, and NGAL/MMP-9 activities were increased and more prevalent in T1D compared with ND controls.
236	21921021	In nephropathy models, urinary NGAL/MMP-9 and MMP-9 activities appeared before onset of albuminuria, whereas MMP-2 was absent or delayed.
237	21921021	Activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, and its complex with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/MMP-9) were measured by substrate gel zymography in urine from nondiabetic (ND) and type 1 diabetic (T1D) rodents that were susceptible to both T1D-induced plaque angiogenesis and nephropathy, or nephropathy alone.
238	21921021	Urinary MMP-9, MMP-2, and NGAL/MMP-9 activities were increased and more prevalent in T1D compared with ND controls.
239	21921021	In nephropathy models, urinary NGAL/MMP-9 and MMP-9 activities appeared before onset of albuminuria, whereas MMP-2 was absent or delayed.
240	21921021	Activities of MMP-2, MMP-9, and its complex with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/MMP-9) were measured by substrate gel zymography in urine from nondiabetic (ND) and type 1 diabetic (T1D) rodents that were susceptible to both T1D-induced plaque angiogenesis and nephropathy, or nephropathy alone.
241	21921021	Urinary MMP-9, MMP-2, and NGAL/MMP-9 activities were increased and more prevalent in T1D compared with ND controls.
242	21921021	In nephropathy models, urinary NGAL/MMP-9 and MMP-9 activities appeared before onset of albuminuria, whereas MMP-2 was absent or delayed.
243	22094062	Apocynin significantly attenuates the impaired glomerular function, concentration of Na(+), K(+), alpha glutathione S-transferase levels in urine and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in plasma caused by iomeprol.
244	22094062	In kidney, immunohistochemical analysis of some inflammatory mediators, such as nitrotyrosine, poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β as well as apoptosis (evaluated as terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated UTP end labeling assay) revealed positive staining in tissue obtained from iomeprol group.
245	22210749	On the one hand, most adipokines [including tumor necrosis factor-α, resistin, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP), and lipocalin-2] are proinflammatory and causally associated with endothelial and cardiac dysfunction by their endocrine/paracrine actions.
246	22210749	This review provides an update in understanding the roles of adipokines in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders associated with obesity and diabetes and focuses on the two most abundant adipokines, adiponectin and A-FABP.
247	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
248	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
249	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
250	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
251	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
252	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
253	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
254	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
255	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
256	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
257	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
258	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
259	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
260	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
261	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
262	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
263	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
264	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
265	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
266	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
267	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
268	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
269	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
270	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
271	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
272	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
273	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
274	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
275	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
276	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
277	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
278	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
279	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
280	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
281	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
282	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
283	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
284	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
285	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
286	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
287	22307870	Effect of obesity and glycemic control on serum lipocalins and insulin-like growth factor axis in type 2 diabetic patients.
288	22307870	We aimed at determination of serum retinol binding protein-4 (RBP-4), lipocalin-2 (LCN-2), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels in T2DM patients with the impact of obesity and glycemic control on them and their relation to β-cell function.
289	22307870	Serum insulin, RBP-4, LCN-2, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 estimated by ELISA were examined in 32 T2DM patients and age- and sex-matched 20 healthy controls.
290	22307870	Significant elevation was observed in serum RBP-4 (P < 0.001), LCN-2 (P < 0.01), and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio (P < 0.05) in T2DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.
291	22307870	However, RBP-4 and IGF/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were higher in uncontrolled than in controlled diabetic patients at P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively.
292	22307870	Moreover, RBP-4, LCN-2, and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio were negatively correlated with β-cell function.
293	22307870	In conclusion, serum RBP-4 and IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio but not LCN-2 were prominently elevated with poor glycemic control rather than obesity in T2DM patients.
294	22307870	Whereas, declining β-cell function is associated with elevation of serum RBP-4, LCN-2 as well as IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio.
295	22447947	Out of these, the most prominent link to cardiovascular disease was found for leptin, TNF-α, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, interleukins, and several novel adipokines such as lipocalin-2 and pigment epithelium-derived factor.
296	22492942	Also, renal levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ED-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.
297	22492942	Additionally, ANG-(1-7) reduced renal fibrosis, decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and restored the activity of both renal superoxide dismutase and catalase in ZDF.
298	22492942	This attenuation of renal oxidative stress proceeded with decreased renal immunostaining of IL-6, TNF-α, ED-1, HIF-1α, and NGAL to values similar to those displayed by LZR.
299	22492942	Angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) and ANG II levels remained unchanged after treatment with ANG-(1-7).
300	22492942	Also, renal levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), ED-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were determined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting.
301	22492942	Additionally, ANG-(1-7) reduced renal fibrosis, decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, and restored the activity of both renal superoxide dismutase and catalase in ZDF.
302	22492942	This attenuation of renal oxidative stress proceeded with decreased renal immunostaining of IL-6, TNF-α, ED-1, HIF-1α, and NGAL to values similar to those displayed by LZR.
303	22492942	Angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2 (ACE2) and ANG II levels remained unchanged after treatment with ANG-(1-7).
304	22749388	Associations of urinary levels of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) with kidney function decline in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
305	23085980	Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), and urinary biomarkers; albumin, lipocalin 2 (Lcn-2), osteopontin (Opn), kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), renal papillary antigen 1 (Rpa-1), α-glutathione S-transferase (α-Gst), µ-glutathione S-transferase (µ-Gst), and beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) were measured in disease models and appropriate controls to determine the response of these biomarkers to CM administration.
306	23085980	When 1.5-fold or greater sCr increases from pre-CM were used to define true positives, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of biomarker performance showed sCr was the best predictor of CIN across disease models. β2m, Lcn-2, and BUN were the best predictors of histopathology defined kidney injury.
307	23085980	Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (sCr), and urinary biomarkers; albumin, lipocalin 2 (Lcn-2), osteopontin (Opn), kidney injury molecule 1 (Kim-1), renal papillary antigen 1 (Rpa-1), α-glutathione S-transferase (α-Gst), µ-glutathione S-transferase (µ-Gst), and beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) were measured in disease models and appropriate controls to determine the response of these biomarkers to CM administration.
308	23085980	When 1.5-fold or greater sCr increases from pre-CM were used to define true positives, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of biomarker performance showed sCr was the best predictor of CIN across disease models. β2m, Lcn-2, and BUN were the best predictors of histopathology defined kidney injury.
309	23349979	Clinical value of NGAL, L-FABP and albuminuria in predicting GFR decline in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
310	23434909	WR decreased liver homogenate triglyceride and free fatty acids levels, raised serum adiponectin concentration and reduced serum lipocalin-2 and visfatin concentrations.
311	23434909	In addition, the WR diet potently augmented the relative expressions of adiponectin receptor 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, alpha and gamma, and abated relative expressions of leptin and lipocalin-2 in the tissues of interest.
312	23434909	WR decreased liver homogenate triglyceride and free fatty acids levels, raised serum adiponectin concentration and reduced serum lipocalin-2 and visfatin concentrations.
313	23434909	In addition, the WR diet potently augmented the relative expressions of adiponectin receptor 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, alpha and gamma, and abated relative expressions of leptin and lipocalin-2 in the tissues of interest.
314	23496280	Gender dimorphic increase in RBP-4 and NGAL in children born after IVF: an epigenetic phenomenon?
315	23536133	Initial verification of seven markers (agrin, haptoglobin, mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2, LAMP-2, angiotensinogen, NGAL, and uromodulin) in the urine of an additional 30 patients showed that haptoglobin was the best predictor of early renal functional decline.
316	23536133	In comparing the highest to lowest tertiles, the odds ratio for having early renal function decline was 2.70 (CI: 1.15, 6.32) using the haptoglobin to creatinine ratio compared with 2.50 (CI 1.14, 5.48) using the albumin to creatinine ratio after adjusting for treatment group and use of ACE inhibitors.
317	23536133	Addition of the haptoglobin to creatinine ratio to a model using the albumin to creatinine ratio to predict early renal function decline resulted in improved predictive performance.
318	23754672	The aim of this study was to demonstrate that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) increased before the onset of microalbuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), representing an important biochemical parameter with high sensitivity and specificity to make a precocious diagnosis of "normoalbuminuric" diabetic nephropathy (DN).
319	23799122	Circulating lipocalin-2 and retinol-binding protein 4 are associated with intima-media thickness and subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
320	23818285	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, a marker of tubular dysfunction, is not increased in long-term virologically controlled patients receiving a tenofovir/emtricitabine + nevirapine regimen.
321	23966807	The aim of this study was to assess serum cystatin C and 2 renal tubular enzymes, neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), as screening markers for early renal dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).