Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: MICA

Gene name: MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A

HGNC ID: 7090

Synonyms: PERB11.1

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	BRWD2	1 hits
2	CTLA4	1 hits
3	GAD1	1 hits
4	GAD2	1 hits
5	HLA-A	1 hits
6	HLA-B	1 hits
7	HLA-DRB1	1 hits
8	IDDM2	1 hits
9	IFNG	1 hits
10	IL10	1 hits
11	IL12A	1 hits
12	IL18	1 hits
13	INS	1 hits
14	KIR3DL1	1 hits
15	KLRK1	1 hits
16	LTA	1 hits
17	MICB	1 hits
18	MR1	1 hits
19	PTPRN	1 hits
20	TNF	1 hits
21	TNFRSF10A	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	1382289	The autoimmune phenomena associated with destruction of the beta cell in pancreatic islets and development of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) include circulating islet cell antibodies.
2	1382289	MICA 1-6 therefore reveal glutamate decarboxylase as the predominant target antigen of cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies in a patient with newly diagnosed IDDM.
3	7691667	The first human monoclonal islet cell antibodies of the IgG class (MICA 1-6) obtained from an individual with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus were cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies selected by the indirect immunofluorescence test on pancreas sections.
4	7691667	Our results provide direct evidence that the epitopes recognized by the MICA are destroyed by methanol/chloroform treatment but reveal a high stability to Pronase digestion compared to proinsulin epitopes.
5	7691667	The first human monoclonal islet cell antibodies of the IgG class (MICA 1-6) obtained from an individual with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus were cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies selected by the indirect immunofluorescence test on pancreas sections.
6	7691667	Our results provide direct evidence that the epitopes recognized by the MICA are destroyed by methanol/chloroform treatment but reveal a high stability to Pronase digestion compared to proinsulin epitopes.
7	7913951	In addition, a sequence homology between GAD and the mycobacterial heat shock protein 60 was described and the suggestions were made that molecular mimicry between GAD, coxsackievirus B4-2C protein, and/or heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) may be actively involved in an autoimmune reaction towards the pancreatic beta-cells.
8	7913951	Our group was the first to isolate human monoclonal autoantibodies to GAD (MICA 1-6) from a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
9	7913951	Using deletion mutants of GAD we demonstrated that the regions of GAD covering the homology sequences to coxsackievirus B4 and to the hsp60 were absolutely required for binding of the MICA to GAD.
10	7913951	In addition, a sequence homology between GAD and the mycobacterial heat shock protein 60 was described and the suggestions were made that molecular mimicry between GAD, coxsackievirus B4-2C protein, and/or heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) may be actively involved in an autoimmune reaction towards the pancreatic beta-cells.
11	7913951	Our group was the first to isolate human monoclonal autoantibodies to GAD (MICA 1-6) from a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
12	7913951	Using deletion mutants of GAD we demonstrated that the regions of GAD covering the homology sequences to coxsackievirus B4 and to the hsp60 were absolutely required for binding of the MICA to GAD.
13	8235064	Overexpression of HLA class I antigen reduces insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (RINM5F): evidence for a non-immune mechanism.
14	8235064	Our recent observation indicated that overexpression of HLA-class I antigen on pancreatic beta cells is one of the features of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
15	8235064	Overexpression of HLA class I antigen reduces insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (RINM5F): evidence for a non-immune mechanism.
16	8235064	Our recent observation indicated that overexpression of HLA-class I antigen on pancreatic beta cells is one of the features of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
17	8816973	The processes that lead to the production of islet cell autoantibodies in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are largely unknown.
18	8816973	The high relative avidities for GAD65 of MICA 1, 3, 4 and 6 and their high, nonrandom ratio of replacement versus silent mutations in the antigen binding regions indicated that the humoral response to GAD65 is driven by the antigen.
19	8816973	The results suggest that, in humans, an antigen driven B cell activation and affinity maturation process may contribute to the production of GAD65-autoantibodies found in patients with IDDM.
20	8943434	Autoreactive islet cell Abs (ICA) accompany the pathogenic destruction of pancreatic beta cells in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
21	8943434	We have isolated 4 new ICA-reactive B cell lines, one from a DR4/DR11-positive newly diagnosed IDDM patient (MICA 7) and three from a DR3 homozygous patient with both IDDM and Graves' disease (MICA 8-10).
22	8943434	Like MICA 1-6, MICA 7-10 are specific for GAD65, suggesting that GAD65-reactive B cells dominate the ICA response in IDDM.
23	8943434	MICA 1-6, 7, and 8-10, derived from three IDDM patients of different HLA haplotypes, define six different epitopes in GAD65 and represent tools to determine the spectrum, possible HLA association, and temporal order of epitope recognition in IDDM.
24	8995188	Allelic and interlocus comparison of the PERB11 multigene family in the MHC.
25	8995188	PERB11 is a multigene family which occurs over the class I and central region of the MHC.
26	8995188	Two members of the family have been shown to be functional and share domains with members of the supergene family including HLA class I, FcRn, and Zn-alpha2-glycoprotein molecules.
27	8995188	The two functional members are contained within an area of the MHC which has been associated with increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and also rapid progression to AIDS following HIV-1 infection.
28	8995188	Intralocus and interlocus differences between PERB11.1 and PERB11.2 include: (1) several nucleotide substitutions leading to amino acid changes; (2) presence and absence of potential glycosylation sites; (3) insertions and deletions leading to a frame shift resulting in diversity at the amino acid level and an early termination signal.
29	8995188	The most divergent domain is the transmembrane region when PERB11.1 and PERB11.2 are compared.
30	8995188	Allelic and interlocus comparison of the PERB11 multigene family in the MHC.
31	8995188	PERB11 is a multigene family which occurs over the class I and central region of the MHC.
32	8995188	Two members of the family have been shown to be functional and share domains with members of the supergene family including HLA class I, FcRn, and Zn-alpha2-glycoprotein molecules.
33	8995188	The two functional members are contained within an area of the MHC which has been associated with increased susceptibility to autoimmune diseases such as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and also rapid progression to AIDS following HIV-1 infection.
34	8995188	Intralocus and interlocus differences between PERB11.1 and PERB11.2 include: (1) several nucleotide substitutions leading to amino acid changes; (2) presence and absence of potential glycosylation sites; (3) insertions and deletions leading to a frame shift resulting in diversity at the amino acid level and an early termination signal.
35	8995188	The most divergent domain is the transmembrane region when PERB11.1 and PERB11.2 are compared.
36	9400624	Synchronous decline of serum-soluble HLA class I antigen and beta-cell function in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
37	9400624	We studied longitudinal changes of serum sHLA levels in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
38	9400624	A total of 198 serum samples were obtained from 40 IDDM patients before and after IDDM onset. sHLA was assayed by a sandwich ELISA. sHLA levels in IDDM patients at the initiation of insulin therapy (IDDM onset) were markedly reduced compared with those in normal controls (334.2 +/- 26.3 ng/ml vs 492.4 +/- 55.5 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM, P = 0.0038).
39	10803866	Although MHC class II genes have a stronger association with type 1 diabetes than MHC class I genes, studies have shown that MHC class I molecules play an independent role in the etiology of type 1 diabetes, and the existence of susceptibility genes within a segment of MHC between the HLA-B and TNF genes has been predicted, where MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) resides.
40	10825591	Age-related association of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
41	10825591	To assess the contribution of the HLA class I region to susceptibility to and heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes, we investigated the association of polymorphism of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with age-at-onset as well as susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
42	10825591	These data suggest that MICA gene is associated with age-at-onset and that a gene (or genes) responsible for age-at-onset of type 1 diabetes is located in the HLA class I region, probably near the region of MICA-B-C.
43	10825591	Age-related association of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
44	10825591	To assess the contribution of the HLA class I region to susceptibility to and heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes, we investigated the association of polymorphism of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with age-at-onset as well as susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
45	10825591	These data suggest that MICA gene is associated with age-at-onset and that a gene (or genes) responsible for age-at-onset of type 1 diabetes is located in the HLA class I region, probably near the region of MICA-B-C.
46	10825591	Age-related association of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
47	10825591	To assess the contribution of the HLA class I region to susceptibility to and heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes, we investigated the association of polymorphism of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) with age-at-onset as well as susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.
48	10825591	These data suggest that MICA gene is associated with age-at-onset and that a gene (or genes) responsible for age-at-onset of type 1 diabetes is located in the HLA class I region, probably near the region of MICA-B-C.
49	12021089	Slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), like classical IDDM, is also associated with genetic markers.
50	12021089	Alleles of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) gene located centromeric to the HLA-B gene is associated with LADA.
51	12021089	Allele 5.1 of MICA was associated with both LADA and adult-onset Italian IDDM patients when compared to controls.
52	12021089	Slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), like classical IDDM, is also associated with genetic markers.
53	12021089	Alleles of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) gene located centromeric to the HLA-B gene is associated with LADA.
54	12021089	Allele 5.1 of MICA was associated with both LADA and adult-onset Italian IDDM patients when compared to controls.
55	12021094	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
56	12021094	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
57	12021094	MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
58	12021094	We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India.
59	12021094	Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India.
60	12021094	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
61	12021094	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
62	12021094	MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
63	12021094	We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India.
64	12021094	Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India.
65	12021094	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
66	12021094	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
67	12021094	MICA is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
68	12021094	We studied the association of MICA alleles with IDDM (n = 52) and MMDM (n = 41) patients and healthy controls (n = 73) from Cuttack, eastern India.
69	12021094	Our findings suggest that MMDM is immunogenetically different from IDDM in eastern India and that MIC-A is important in the pathogenesis of MMDM patients from Cuttack in eastern India.
70	12021138	MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India.
71	12021138	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
72	12021138	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
73	12021138	MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
74	12021138	The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients.
75	12021138	Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies.
76	12021138	Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system.
77	12021138	MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM.
78	12021138	MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India.
79	12021138	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
80	12021138	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
81	12021138	MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
82	12021138	The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients.
83	12021138	Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies.
84	12021138	Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system.
85	12021138	MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM.
86	12021138	MHC class I chain-related gene a alleles distinguish malnutrition-modulated diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes, and non-insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus patients from eastern India.
87	12021138	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is a polygenic disorder with an autoimmune basis for disease development.
88	12021138	In addition to HLA, a second susceptibility locus for IDDM has been identified to lie in the major histocompatibility class III region.
89	12021138	MIC-A is located in the MHC class III region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
90	12021138	The aim of our study was to find the association of MIC-A alleles with IDDM, malnutrition-modulated diabetes mellitus (MMDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients.
91	12021138	Of the 212 NIDDM patients analyzed, 96 of them were found to be positive for either GAD65 or IA-2 antibodies.
92	12021138	Autoantibodies to GAD65 and IA-2 were measured by radioligand binding assay using (35)S-labeled recombinant human GAD65 and IA-2 in an in vitro transcription/translation system.
93	12021138	MIC-A alleles distinguish acute-onset IDDM from slow-onset IDDM, indicating that this molecule may be important for delaying the onset of IDDM with the result that these patients are diagnosed clinically as NIDDM.
94	12021140	Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians.
95	12021140	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases.
96	12021140	HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations.
97	12021140	The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
98	12021140	Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016).
99	12021140	In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM.
100	12021140	Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians.
101	12021140	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases.
102	12021140	HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations.
103	12021140	The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
104	12021140	Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016).
105	12021140	In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM.
106	12021140	Microsatellite allele 5 of MHC class I chain-related gene a increases the risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in latvians.
107	12021140	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases.
108	12021140	HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 are positively associated with IDDM and DQ6 is negatively associated with IDDM in most Caucasian populations.
109	12021140	The MICA gene is located in the MHC class I region and is expressed by monocytes, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.
110	12021140	Analysis of allele distribution among 93 Latvian IDDM patients and 108 healthy controls showed that allele A5 of MICA is significantly increased in IDDM patients [33/93 (35%)] compared to healthy controls [22/108 (20%)] (OR = 2.15; P = 0.016).
111	12021140	In conclusion, we believe that MICA may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of IDDM.
112	12021141	From our previous studies, we have shown that microsatellite allele A5 of MICA is associated with IDDM.
113	12021141	Out of 100 clinically diagnosed NIDDM patients, 49 tested positive for GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies by use of 35S RIA.
114	12021141	Our results show that MICA allele A5.1 is significantly increased in antibody-positive (GAD65 or IA-2) NIDDM patients [35/49 (72%)] when compared to healthy controls [22/96 (23%)] (OR = 8.4; P < 0.0001).
115	12021141	From our previous studies, we have shown that microsatellite allele A5 of MICA is associated with IDDM.
116	12021141	Out of 100 clinically diagnosed NIDDM patients, 49 tested positive for GAD65 and IA-2 antibodies by use of 35S RIA.
117	12021141	Our results show that MICA allele A5.1 is significantly increased in antibody-positive (GAD65 or IA-2) NIDDM patients [35/49 (72%)] when compared to healthy controls [22/96 (23%)] (OR = 8.4; P < 0.0001).
118	12021142	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha allele 2 shows an association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Latvians.
119	12021142	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is one of the most common chronic diseases.
120	12021142	Genes contributing the most for development of IDDM are located on chromosome 6p21.3 in the region called the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).
121	12021142	HLA-DQ8/DR4 and DQ2/DR3 have shown positive association with IDDM, while DQ6 has negative association with IDDM in most Caucasian populations.
122	12021142	The location of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene in the MHC suggests the role of TNF in the etiology of IDDM as an autoimmune disease.
123	12021142	Ninety-two Latvian IDDM patients corresponding to WHO diagnostic criteria and 107 unrelated age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for the frequency of TNF-alpha alleles to test the hypothesis that TNF-alpha is associated with IDDM.
124	12021142	We found that TNF-alpha microsatellite allele 2 is associated with IDDM, 29/92 (32%), versus 14/107 (13%) in healthy controls.
125	12021142	The test of the strongest association of the MICA A5 allele and TNF-alpha allele 2 with IDDM showed that both are independently associated with the disease.
126	12366785	HLA-DRB1 and MHC class 1 chain-related A haplotypes in Basque families with celiac disease.
127	12366785	Recent publications have pointed to the possibility that a second, independent susceptibility locus could be located in the same genomic region, and a triplet repeat polymorphism in exon 5 of the gene MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA; located between TNFA and HLA-B) has been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and Addison's disease.
128	12366785	On the other hand, a single amino acid change in exon 3 of MICA (M129V) has been shown to strongly reduce MICA binding to NKG2D, an activating natural killer receptor expressed also on T cells, and this could have significant effects on autoimmune reactions.
129	12366785	In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of these polymorphisms to CD in 37 Basque families, and have constructed MICA-HLA-DRB1 haplotypes to determine whether MICA has an effect independent from the HLA class II conferred risk.
130	12366785	In view of our results, both HLA-DRB1 and MICA are associated with CD, but stratification analysis did not show any independent contribution of the MICA polymorphisms analyzed to CD risk.
131	12366785	Besides, MICA allele A4 (also A5.1 was associated with risk for CD and other diseases) is in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0301.
132	12366785	HLA-DRB1 and MHC class 1 chain-related A haplotypes in Basque families with celiac disease.
133	12366785	Recent publications have pointed to the possibility that a second, independent susceptibility locus could be located in the same genomic region, and a triplet repeat polymorphism in exon 5 of the gene MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA; located between TNFA and HLA-B) has been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and Addison's disease.
134	12366785	On the other hand, a single amino acid change in exon 3 of MICA (M129V) has been shown to strongly reduce MICA binding to NKG2D, an activating natural killer receptor expressed also on T cells, and this could have significant effects on autoimmune reactions.
135	12366785	In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of these polymorphisms to CD in 37 Basque families, and have constructed MICA-HLA-DRB1 haplotypes to determine whether MICA has an effect independent from the HLA class II conferred risk.
136	12366785	In view of our results, both HLA-DRB1 and MICA are associated with CD, but stratification analysis did not show any independent contribution of the MICA polymorphisms analyzed to CD risk.
137	12366785	Besides, MICA allele A4 (also A5.1 was associated with risk for CD and other diseases) is in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0301.
138	12366785	HLA-DRB1 and MHC class 1 chain-related A haplotypes in Basque families with celiac disease.
139	12366785	Recent publications have pointed to the possibility that a second, independent susceptibility locus could be located in the same genomic region, and a triplet repeat polymorphism in exon 5 of the gene MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA; located between TNFA and HLA-B) has been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and Addison's disease.
140	12366785	On the other hand, a single amino acid change in exon 3 of MICA (M129V) has been shown to strongly reduce MICA binding to NKG2D, an activating natural killer receptor expressed also on T cells, and this could have significant effects on autoimmune reactions.
141	12366785	In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of these polymorphisms to CD in 37 Basque families, and have constructed MICA-HLA-DRB1 haplotypes to determine whether MICA has an effect independent from the HLA class II conferred risk.
142	12366785	In view of our results, both HLA-DRB1 and MICA are associated with CD, but stratification analysis did not show any independent contribution of the MICA polymorphisms analyzed to CD risk.
143	12366785	Besides, MICA allele A4 (also A5.1 was associated with risk for CD and other diseases) is in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0301.
144	12366785	HLA-DRB1 and MHC class 1 chain-related A haplotypes in Basque families with celiac disease.
145	12366785	Recent publications have pointed to the possibility that a second, independent susceptibility locus could be located in the same genomic region, and a triplet repeat polymorphism in exon 5 of the gene MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA; located between TNFA and HLA-B) has been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and Addison's disease.
146	12366785	On the other hand, a single amino acid change in exon 3 of MICA (M129V) has been shown to strongly reduce MICA binding to NKG2D, an activating natural killer receptor expressed also on T cells, and this could have significant effects on autoimmune reactions.
147	12366785	In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of these polymorphisms to CD in 37 Basque families, and have constructed MICA-HLA-DRB1 haplotypes to determine whether MICA has an effect independent from the HLA class II conferred risk.
148	12366785	In view of our results, both HLA-DRB1 and MICA are associated with CD, but stratification analysis did not show any independent contribution of the MICA polymorphisms analyzed to CD risk.
149	12366785	Besides, MICA allele A4 (also A5.1 was associated with risk for CD and other diseases) is in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0301.
150	12366785	HLA-DRB1 and MHC class 1 chain-related A haplotypes in Basque families with celiac disease.
151	12366785	Recent publications have pointed to the possibility that a second, independent susceptibility locus could be located in the same genomic region, and a triplet repeat polymorphism in exon 5 of the gene MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA; located between TNFA and HLA-B) has been associated with several autoimmune disorders, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and Addison's disease.
152	12366785	On the other hand, a single amino acid change in exon 3 of MICA (M129V) has been shown to strongly reduce MICA binding to NKG2D, an activating natural killer receptor expressed also on T cells, and this could have significant effects on autoimmune reactions.
153	12366785	In this study, we have analyzed the contribution of these polymorphisms to CD in 37 Basque families, and have constructed MICA-HLA-DRB1 haplotypes to determine whether MICA has an effect independent from the HLA class II conferred risk.
154	12366785	In view of our results, both HLA-DRB1 and MICA are associated with CD, but stratification analysis did not show any independent contribution of the MICA polymorphisms analyzed to CD risk.
155	12366785	Besides, MICA allele A4 (also A5.1 was associated with risk for CD and other diseases) is in strong linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0301.
156	12392510	Intra-MHC sequences including MHC class I chain-related genes (MICAs), D6S273 and D6S2223 are associated with autoimmune diseases in addition to HLA class II.
157	12392510	The MICA-A5.1 allele was increased on both the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes, independent of DQ and DRB1 subtyping, in the patients with Addison's disease compared with the controls.
158	12397578	The INS-VNTR gene or polymorphisms of MICA gene are associated with susceptibility, whereas a certain allele of MICA gene and IL-10 gene polymorphism are associated with clinical heterogeneity of the disease.
159	12397578	A high titer of GAD autoantibody has the predictive value of future insulin deficiency in patients with LADA.
160	12691706	Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain related gene-A (MIC-A) is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in other populations.
161	12691706	MIC-A6 conferred protection (OR = 0.098, p(c) = 0.032) in females heterozygous for DR3/DR4.
162	12706109	Of these 10 SNPs, 5 are located between DQB1 and DRB1, confirming the known association with the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes whereas two additional SNPs also reproduced known associations of T1D with DOB and LTA.
163	12706109	In the CD pool also, two earlier described associations were found with SNPs close to DRB1 and MICA.
164	14679082	HLA-DRB1 and MICA in autoimmunity: common associated alleles in autoimmune disorders.
165	14679082	The aim of this study was to determine whether shared susceptibility markers extend from the central (DRB1) through the telomeric (MICA) HLA region.
166	14679082	We analyzed three independent sets of families with one autoimmune disease, T1DM, CD, or ADD, and genotyped them for HLA-DRB1 and for the exon 5 GCT polymorphism of MICA.
167	14679082	For HLA-DRB1, allele DRB1*0301 was the only one associated with risk for all three diseases; in the case of MICA, allele A9 was found to be the common protective allele.
168	14679082	HLA-DRB1 and MICA in autoimmunity: common associated alleles in autoimmune disorders.
169	14679082	The aim of this study was to determine whether shared susceptibility markers extend from the central (DRB1) through the telomeric (MICA) HLA region.
170	14679082	We analyzed three independent sets of families with one autoimmune disease, T1DM, CD, or ADD, and genotyped them for HLA-DRB1 and for the exon 5 GCT polymorphism of MICA.
171	14679082	For HLA-DRB1, allele DRB1*0301 was the only one associated with risk for all three diseases; in the case of MICA, allele A9 was found to be the common protective allele.
172	14679082	HLA-DRB1 and MICA in autoimmunity: common associated alleles in autoimmune disorders.
173	14679082	The aim of this study was to determine whether shared susceptibility markers extend from the central (DRB1) through the telomeric (MICA) HLA region.
174	14679082	We analyzed three independent sets of families with one autoimmune disease, T1DM, CD, or ADD, and genotyped them for HLA-DRB1 and for the exon 5 GCT polymorphism of MICA.
175	14679082	For HLA-DRB1, allele DRB1*0301 was the only one associated with risk for all three diseases; in the case of MICA, allele A9 was found to be the common protective allele.
176	14679082	HLA-DRB1 and MICA in autoimmunity: common associated alleles in autoimmune disorders.
177	14679082	The aim of this study was to determine whether shared susceptibility markers extend from the central (DRB1) through the telomeric (MICA) HLA region.
178	14679082	We analyzed three independent sets of families with one autoimmune disease, T1DM, CD, or ADD, and genotyped them for HLA-DRB1 and for the exon 5 GCT polymorphism of MICA.
179	14679082	For HLA-DRB1, allele DRB1*0301 was the only one associated with risk for all three diseases; in the case of MICA, allele A9 was found to be the common protective allele.
180	14752400	The autoimmune origin of LADA is also demonstrated by the increased frequency of thyroid and adrenal autoantibodies, as compared to GAD65Ab-negative T2DM patients, and by the strong genetic association with HLA-DR3-DQ2, -DR4-DQ8 and the polymorphisms of the MHC class I chain-related A (MICA) and CTLA-4 genes.
181	15031637	MICA protein binds to NKG2D, a receptor of gamma delta T cells containing the TCR variable region V(delta)1, which are the most abundant subset of T cells in the intestinal epithelium.
182	15134033	Individual predispositions belong to the genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes (IL-10, IL-12, IL-18) and the microsatellite polymorphism of MHC class I chain-related gene A (MIC-A).
183	15483092	Typing for DR and DQ alleles and for the major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A (MICA) gene polymorphisms was performed.
184	15490153	MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA), a putative independent susceptibility gene in autoimmune diseases, encodes a surface protein present in epithelial cells that binds to NKG2D, an activating receptor of NK, alphabeta and gammadelta T cells, and could function as a stress-inducible activator of the innate immune response.
185	15490153	Total RNA was purified and MICA, IFNG and NKG2D mRNA were quantified by fluorescent real-time RT-PCR.
186	15490153	MICA expression was detected in both patients and controls, but incubation with gliadin induced a strong increase in samples from the treated CD group compared with the non-CD controls (P=0.028), while no differences were observed for IFNG or NKG2D mRNA levels.
187	15490153	MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA), a putative independent susceptibility gene in autoimmune diseases, encodes a surface protein present in epithelial cells that binds to NKG2D, an activating receptor of NK, alphabeta and gammadelta T cells, and could function as a stress-inducible activator of the innate immune response.
188	15490153	Total RNA was purified and MICA, IFNG and NKG2D mRNA were quantified by fluorescent real-time RT-PCR.
189	15490153	MICA expression was detected in both patients and controls, but incubation with gliadin induced a strong increase in samples from the treated CD group compared with the non-CD controls (P=0.028), while no differences were observed for IFNG or NKG2D mRNA levels.
190	15490153	MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA), a putative independent susceptibility gene in autoimmune diseases, encodes a surface protein present in epithelial cells that binds to NKG2D, an activating receptor of NK, alphabeta and gammadelta T cells, and could function as a stress-inducible activator of the innate immune response.
191	15490153	Total RNA was purified and MICA, IFNG and NKG2D mRNA were quantified by fluorescent real-time RT-PCR.
192	15490153	MICA expression was detected in both patients and controls, but incubation with gliadin induced a strong increase in samples from the treated CD group compared with the non-CD controls (P=0.028), while no differences were observed for IFNG or NKG2D mRNA levels.
193	15603871	Different HLA-DR-DQ and MHC class I chain-related gene A (MICA) genotypes in autoimmune and nonautoimmune gestational diabetes in a Swedish population.
194	15699510	The other gene that has been implicated in susceptibility to T1DM is the MICA gene that lies within the MHC class I region.
195	15699512	In addition, polymorphic MICA in HLA class I interacts with non-polymorphic NKG2D receptor on NK cells.
196	15699512	We have studied, in addition to HLA-DR and -DQ, genes of the innate immune system MICA and KIR in Latvian patients (n = 98) with T1DM and controls (n = 100).
197	15699512	KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 were both positively associated.
198	15699512	However, the combined risk of KIR2DL2 and HLA class II genes, HLADR3 (OR = 73.4), DR4 (OR = 66.8), and DR3 and DR4 (OR = 88.3), was higher.
199	15699512	In addition, polymorphic MICA in HLA class I interacts with non-polymorphic NKG2D receptor on NK cells.
200	15699512	We have studied, in addition to HLA-DR and -DQ, genes of the innate immune system MICA and KIR in Latvian patients (n = 98) with T1DM and controls (n = 100).
201	15699512	KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 were both positively associated.
202	15699512	However, the combined risk of KIR2DL2 and HLA class II genes, HLADR3 (OR = 73.4), DR4 (OR = 66.8), and DR3 and DR4 (OR = 88.3), was higher.
203	16133985	Homozygosity for premature stop codon of the MHC class I chain-related gene A (MIC-A) is associated with early activation of islet autoimmunity of DR3/4-DQ2/8 high risk DAISY relatives.
204	16133985	We hypothesized that homozygosity for the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related gene A (MIC-A)5.1 allele with premature stop codon would increase diabetes risk of individuals followed from infancy in the DAISY study (Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the young).
205	16133985	Homozygosity for premature stop codon of the MHC class I chain-related gene A (MIC-A) is associated with early activation of islet autoimmunity of DR3/4-DQ2/8 high risk DAISY relatives.
206	16133985	We hypothesized that homozygosity for the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related gene A (MIC-A)5.1 allele with premature stop codon would increase diabetes risk of individuals followed from infancy in the DAISY study (Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the young).
207	16568259	Non-MHC genes associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in both Japanese and Caucasoid patients include polymorphisms in the insulin gene, the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4) gene, the interleukin-18 (IL18) gene and the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) gene.
208	17130534	A set of polymorphic genes, called MHC class I chain-related genes (MIC-A) in HLA class I region interact with NK cells.
209	17130534	HLA class I genes, also identified as susceptibility genes for T1DM, interact with polymorphic killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) on NK cells.
210	17130534	The results from MICA and KIR studies suggest that polymorphism of these genes of the innate immune system identify possible defects in the first line of antiviral defense in the etiology of T1DM.
211	17130534	A set of polymorphic genes, called MHC class I chain-related genes (MIC-A) in HLA class I region interact with NK cells.
212	17130534	HLA class I genes, also identified as susceptibility genes for T1DM, interact with polymorphic killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) on NK cells.
213	17130534	The results from MICA and KIR studies suggest that polymorphism of these genes of the innate immune system identify possible defects in the first line of antiviral defense in the etiology of T1DM.
214	17130560	MHC class I chain-related gene-A is associated with IA2 and IAA but not GAD in Swedish type 1 diabetes mellitus.
215	17130560	In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the frequency of antibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65), ICA512/IA2 (IA2), and islet cell antigens (ICA) vary with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) composition of the patient.
216	17130560	IAA, IA2 autoantibodies, and ICA are increased in DQ8 positives; GAD65 antibodies are increased in DQ2 positives.
217	17130560	MHC class I chain-related gene-A (MICA) is another genetic marker that has been proposed to be associated with T1DM.
218	17130560	In this article, we looked at microsatellite polymorphism of MICA and its association with autoantibodies (IAA, IA2, and GAD65) in Swedish T1DM patients and if the association explains its importance in early events in autoimmune response.
219	17130560	MHC class I chain-related gene-A is associated with IA2 and IAA but not GAD in Swedish type 1 diabetes mellitus.
220	17130560	In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the frequency of antibodies against insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD65), ICA512/IA2 (IA2), and islet cell antigens (ICA) vary with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) composition of the patient.
221	17130560	IAA, IA2 autoantibodies, and ICA are increased in DQ8 positives; GAD65 antibodies are increased in DQ2 positives.
222	17130560	MHC class I chain-related gene-A (MICA) is another genetic marker that has been proposed to be associated with T1DM.
223	17130560	In this article, we looked at microsatellite polymorphism of MICA and its association with autoantibodies (IAA, IA2, and GAD65) in Swedish T1DM patients and if the association explains its importance in early events in autoimmune response.
224	17350686	Reports on the MHC Class I chain-related A (MICA) gene as candidate for association with T1D are contradicting.
225	17350686	Analysis of MICA alleles conditional on T1D-associated high-risk MHC class II haplotypes revealed that MICA*A6 was associated with an increased risk for T1D when this marker co-occurred with HLA DQ2DR17 T1D-risk-haplotypes.
226	17350686	Reports on the MHC Class I chain-related A (MICA) gene as candidate for association with T1D are contradicting.
227	17350686	Analysis of MICA alleles conditional on T1D-associated high-risk MHC class II haplotypes revealed that MICA*A6 was associated with an increased risk for T1D when this marker co-occurred with HLA DQ2DR17 T1D-risk-haplotypes.
228	18332098	Sequencing-based genotyping and association analysis of the MICA and MICB genes in type 1 diabetes.
229	19120272	Seven SNPs in the TNF genes (TNFA and TNFB) were genotyped in a Korean cohort (398 T1D patients and 1422 nondiabetic controls), along with HLA DRB1, DQB1, and MICA (MHC class I chain-related genes).
230	19120272	Among them, three SNPs (TNFB+318, TNFA-857, and TNFA-308) and two common TNF haplotypes showed significant association with the risk of T1D (P= 5 x 10(-3)-10(-5)).