Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: NEUROG3

Gene name: neurogenin 3

HGNC ID: 13806

Synonyms: Atoh5, Math4B, ngn3, bHLHa7

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ABCC8	1 hits
2	ABCG2	1 hits
3	AFM	1 hits
4	AFP	1 hits
5	ALPI	1 hits
6	APLP2	1 hits
7	ARX	1 hits
8	ATOH8	1 hits
9	BTC	1 hits
10	CAPS2	1 hits
11	CBX4	1 hits
12	CDKN1A	1 hits
13	COL1A1	1 hits
14	COL1AR	1 hits
15	CPA1	1 hits
16	CXCR4	1 hits
17	DCLK1	1 hits
18	DLL1	1 hits
19	DLL4	1 hits
20	DPP7	1 hits
21	E2F1	1 hits
22	EGF	1 hits
23	FOXA1	1 hits
24	FOXA2	1 hits
25	FOXM1	1 hits
26	GCG	1 hits
27	GCK	1 hits
28	GDE1	1 hits
29	GDNF	1 hits
30	GHRL	1 hits
31	GLIS3	1 hits
32	HES1	1 hits
33	HGF	1 hits
34	HMX1	1 hits
35	HMX2	1 hits
36	HNF1A	1 hits
37	HNF1B	1 hits
38	HNF4A	1 hits
39	IAPP	1 hits
40	IGF1	1 hits
41	IL6	1 hits
42	INHBE	1 hits
43	INS	1 hits
44	INSM1	1 hits
45	ISL1	1 hits
46	JARID1B	1 hits
47	KCNJ11	1 hits
48	KLRG1	1 hits
49	LGR5	1 hits
50	MAFA	1 hits
51	MAFF	1 hits
52	MAPK14	1 hits
53	MIRN15A	1 hits
54	MIRN15B	1 hits
55	MIRN195	1 hits
56	MNX1	1 hits
57	NANOG	1 hits
58	NES	1 hits
59	NEUROD1	1 hits
60	NEUROD2	1 hits
61	NEUROD4	1 hits
62	NKX2-2	1 hits
63	NKX6-1	1 hits
64	NKX6-2	1 hits
65	ONECUT1	1 hits
66	PAX4	1 hits
67	PAX6	1 hits
68	PDX1	1 hits
69	POU5F1	1 hits
70	PPY	1 hits
71	PROM1	1 hits
72	PTF1A	1 hits
73	RBPJ	1 hits
74	SEC14L4	1 hits
75	SLC2A1	1 hits
76	SLC2A10	1 hits
77	SLC2A2	1 hits
78	SOCS3	1 hits
79	SOX9	1 hits
80	SST	1 hits
81	STAT3	1 hits
82	SYP	1 hits
83	TAT	1 hits
84	TCF7	1 hits
85	TCF7L2	1 hits
86	USF1	1 hits
87	WFS1	1 hits
88	XCR1	1 hits
89	ZFP42	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	10677506	Recent genetic studies have identified a network of transcription factors, including Pdx1, Isl1, Pax4, Pax6, NeuroD, Nkx2.2, and Hlxb9, regulating the development of islet cells at different stages, but the molecular mechanisms controlling the specification of pancreatic endocrine precursors remain unknown. neurogenin3 (ngn3) is a member of a family of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that is involved in the determination of neural precursor cells in the neuroectoderm. ngn3 is expressed in discrete regions of the nervous system and in scattered cells in the embryonic pancreas.
2	10677506	Expression of Isl1, Pax4, Pax6, and NeuroD is lost, and endocrine precursors are lacking in the mutant pancreatic epithelium.
3	10825208	Transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 regulates pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation and controls expression of the proendocrine gene ngn3.
4	10825208	Consistent with this, we demonstrated that HNF-6 binds to and stimulates the ngn3 gene promoter.
5	10825208	Taken together, our data demonstrate that HNF-6 controls pancreatic endocrine differentiation at the precursor stage and identify HNF-6 as the first positive regulator of the proendocrine gene ngn3 in the pancreas.
6	10825208	Transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 regulates pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation and controls expression of the proendocrine gene ngn3.
7	10825208	Consistent with this, we demonstrated that HNF-6 binds to and stimulates the ngn3 gene promoter.
8	10825208	Taken together, our data demonstrate that HNF-6 controls pancreatic endocrine differentiation at the precursor stage and identify HNF-6 as the first positive regulator of the proendocrine gene ngn3 in the pancreas.
9	10825208	Transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 6 regulates pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation and controls expression of the proendocrine gene ngn3.
10	10825208	Consistent with this, we demonstrated that HNF-6 binds to and stimulates the ngn3 gene promoter.
11	10825208	Taken together, our data demonstrate that HNF-6 controls pancreatic endocrine differentiation at the precursor stage and identify HNF-6 as the first positive regulator of the proendocrine gene ngn3 in the pancreas.
12	10868931	Alternatively, beta-cells have been suggested to arise late, directly from the GLUT2- and pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor-1 (PDX1)-expressing epithelium, which gives rise also to the acinar cells during this stage.
13	10868931	In this study, we have identified a subset of the PDX1+ epithelial cells that are marked by expression of Neurogenin3 (Ngn3).
14	10868931	Detailed analysis of Ngn3/paired box factor 6 (PAX6) and NeuroD/PAX6 co-expression shows that the two bHLH factors are expressed in a largely nonoverlapping set of cells, but such analysis also suggests that the NeuroD+ cells arise from cells expressing Ngn3 transiently.
15	10868931	NeuroD+ cells do not express Ki-67, a marker of proliferating cells, which shows that these cells are postmitotic.
16	10868931	The earliest sign of alpha-cell development appears to be Brain4 expression, which apparently precedes Islet-1 (ISL1) expression.
17	11206403	Polymorphisms in the neurogenin 3 gene (NEUROG) and their relation to altered insulin secretion and diabetes in the Danish Caucasian population.
18	11272164	Pancreatic AR42J cells possess both exocrine and neuroendocrine properties and convert to insulin-producing cells upon treatment with activin A and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).
19	11272164	These two factors were not detected in naive cells, whereas their mRNA levels were markedly increased after treatment with activin A and HGF.
20	11272164	Furthermore, introduction of antisense Pax4 did not affect the conversion into insulin-producing cells induced by activin A and HGF.
21	11272164	In contrast, transfection of neurogenin3 induced morphological changes similar to those induced by activin A.
22	11272164	Conversely, introduction of antisense neurogenin3 blocked the differentiation of AR42J cells induced by activin A and HGF.
23	11272164	These results indicate that activin A regulates the expression of neurogenin3, which is critical for the differentiation of AR42J into endocrine cells.
24	11272164	Pancreatic AR42J cells possess both exocrine and neuroendocrine properties and convert to insulin-producing cells upon treatment with activin A and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).
25	11272164	These two factors were not detected in naive cells, whereas their mRNA levels were markedly increased after treatment with activin A and HGF.
26	11272164	Furthermore, introduction of antisense Pax4 did not affect the conversion into insulin-producing cells induced by activin A and HGF.
27	11272164	In contrast, transfection of neurogenin3 induced morphological changes similar to those induced by activin A.
28	11272164	Conversely, introduction of antisense neurogenin3 blocked the differentiation of AR42J cells induced by activin A and HGF.
29	11272164	These results indicate that activin A regulates the expression of neurogenin3, which is critical for the differentiation of AR42J into endocrine cells.
30	11272164	Pancreatic AR42J cells possess both exocrine and neuroendocrine properties and convert to insulin-producing cells upon treatment with activin A and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF).
31	11272164	These two factors were not detected in naive cells, whereas their mRNA levels were markedly increased after treatment with activin A and HGF.
32	11272164	Furthermore, introduction of antisense Pax4 did not affect the conversion into insulin-producing cells induced by activin A and HGF.
33	11272164	In contrast, transfection of neurogenin3 induced morphological changes similar to those induced by activin A.
34	11272164	Conversely, introduction of antisense neurogenin3 blocked the differentiation of AR42J cells induced by activin A and HGF.
35	11272164	These results indicate that activin A regulates the expression of neurogenin3, which is critical for the differentiation of AR42J into endocrine cells.
36	11334435	Together with previous genetic data, these results suggest a model in which the ngn3 gene is activated by the coordinated activities of several pancreatic transcription factors and inhibited by Notch signaling through HES1.
37	11344245	We investigated whether genetic variability in neurogenin-3, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is expressed in the developing pancreas, contributes to the etiology of maturity-onset diabetes of the young or other forms of autosomal dominant diabetes.
38	11697865	We observed an increased mRNA expression of insulin, proendocrine gene neurogenin 3, and beta-cell transcription factor Pdx1 when the cells were grown on bovine collagen I gels.
39	11697865	Application of GIP, GLP-1 derivative NN2211, and activin-A/betacellulin to IMPAN cells in normal culture did not lead to endocrine differentiation.
40	11912494	In vitro studies have shown that Pbx1 regulates the activity of Ipf1 (also known as Pdx1), a ParaHox homeodomain transcription factor required for the development and function of the pancreas in mice and humans.
41	11912494	In these embryos, expression of Isl1 and Atoh5, essential regulators of pancreatic morphogenesis and differentiation, was severely reduced.
42	11912494	Analysis of trans-heterozygous Pbx1+/- Ipf1+/- mice revealed in vivo genetic interactions between Pbx1 and Ipf1 that are essential for postnatal pancreatic function; these mice developed age-dependent overt diabetes mellitus, unlike Pbx1+/- or Ipf1+/- mice.
43	12403815	The present study demonstrates that adult human pancreatic duct cells can be converted into insulin-expressing cells after ectopic, adenovirus-mediated expression of the class B basic helix-loop-helix factor neurogenin 3 (ngn3), which is a critical factor in embryogenesis of the mouse endocrine pancreas.
44	12403815	Infection with adenovirus ngn3 (Adngn3) induced gene and/or protein expression of NeuroD/beta2, Pax4, Nkx2.2, Pax6, and Nkx6.1, all known to be essential for beta-cell differentiation in mouse embryos.
45	12403815	Expression of ngn3 in adult human duct cells induced Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 and neuroendocrine- and beta-cell-specific markers: it increased the percentage of synaptophysin- and insulin-positive cells 15-fold in ngn3-infected versus control cells.
46	12403815	Infection with NeuroD/beta2 (a downstream target of ngn3) induced similar effects.
47	12403815	The present study demonstrates that adult human pancreatic duct cells can be converted into insulin-expressing cells after ectopic, adenovirus-mediated expression of the class B basic helix-loop-helix factor neurogenin 3 (ngn3), which is a critical factor in embryogenesis of the mouse endocrine pancreas.
48	12403815	Infection with adenovirus ngn3 (Adngn3) induced gene and/or protein expression of NeuroD/beta2, Pax4, Nkx2.2, Pax6, and Nkx6.1, all known to be essential for beta-cell differentiation in mouse embryos.
49	12403815	Expression of ngn3 in adult human duct cells induced Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 and neuroendocrine- and beta-cell-specific markers: it increased the percentage of synaptophysin- and insulin-positive cells 15-fold in ngn3-infected versus control cells.
50	12403815	Infection with NeuroD/beta2 (a downstream target of ngn3) induced similar effects.
51	12403815	The present study demonstrates that adult human pancreatic duct cells can be converted into insulin-expressing cells after ectopic, adenovirus-mediated expression of the class B basic helix-loop-helix factor neurogenin 3 (ngn3), which is a critical factor in embryogenesis of the mouse endocrine pancreas.
52	12403815	Infection with adenovirus ngn3 (Adngn3) induced gene and/or protein expression of NeuroD/beta2, Pax4, Nkx2.2, Pax6, and Nkx6.1, all known to be essential for beta-cell differentiation in mouse embryos.
53	12403815	Expression of ngn3 in adult human duct cells induced Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 and neuroendocrine- and beta-cell-specific markers: it increased the percentage of synaptophysin- and insulin-positive cells 15-fold in ngn3-infected versus control cells.
54	12403815	Infection with NeuroD/beta2 (a downstream target of ngn3) induced similar effects.
55	12403815	The present study demonstrates that adult human pancreatic duct cells can be converted into insulin-expressing cells after ectopic, adenovirus-mediated expression of the class B basic helix-loop-helix factor neurogenin 3 (ngn3), which is a critical factor in embryogenesis of the mouse endocrine pancreas.
56	12403815	Infection with adenovirus ngn3 (Adngn3) induced gene and/or protein expression of NeuroD/beta2, Pax4, Nkx2.2, Pax6, and Nkx6.1, all known to be essential for beta-cell differentiation in mouse embryos.
57	12403815	Expression of ngn3 in adult human duct cells induced Notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 and neuroendocrine- and beta-cell-specific markers: it increased the percentage of synaptophysin- and insulin-positive cells 15-fold in ngn3-infected versus control cells.
58	12403815	Infection with NeuroD/beta2 (a downstream target of ngn3) induced similar effects.
59	12525695	Expression of Pax4 in embryonic stem cells promotes differentiation of nestin-positive progenitor and insulin-producing cells.
60	12525695	We show that constitutive expression of Pax4 (Pax4(+)), and to a lesser extent Pdx1 (Pdx1(+)), affects the differentiation of ES cells and significantly promote the development of insulin-producing cells.
61	12525695	In Pax4 overexpressing R1 ES cells, isl-1, ngn3, insulin, islet amyloid polypeptide, and glucose transporter 2 (Glut-2) mRNA levels increase significantly.
62	12525695	Constitutive Pax4 expression combined with selection of nestin+ cells and histotypic culture conditions give rise to spheroids containing insulin-positive granules typical of embryonal and adult beta cells.
63	12702762	Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37) converts intestinal epithelial cells into insulin-producing cells.
64	12702762	Here, we find that GLP-1-(1-37) induces insulin production in developing and, to a lesser extent, adult intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo, a process mediated by up-regulation of the Notch-related gene ngn3 and its downstream targets, which are involved in pancreatic endocrine differentiation.
65	12837760	Neurogenin3 and hepatic nuclear factor 1 cooperate in activating pancreatic expression of Pax4.
66	12837760	During fetal development, paired/homeodomain transcription factor Pax4 controls the formation of the insulin-producing beta cells and the somatostatin-producing delta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
67	12837760	This short sequence contains binding sites for homeodomain transcription factors PDX1 and hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)1, nuclear receptor HNF4alpha, and basic helix-loop-helix factor Neurogenin3.
68	12837760	In the current study we demonstrate that the HNF1alpha and Neurogenin3 binding sites are critical for activity of the region through synergy between the two proteins.
69	12837760	Furthermore, exogenous expression of Neurogenin3 is sufficient to induce expression of the endogenous pax4 gene in the mouse pancreatic ductal cell line mPAC, which already expresses HNF1alpha, whereas expression of both Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha are necessary to activate the pax4 gene in the fibroblast cell line NIH3T3.
70	12837760	These data demonstrate how Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha activate the pax4 gene during the cascade of gene expression events that control pancreatic endocrine cell development.
71	12837760	Neurogenin3 and hepatic nuclear factor 1 cooperate in activating pancreatic expression of Pax4.
72	12837760	During fetal development, paired/homeodomain transcription factor Pax4 controls the formation of the insulin-producing beta cells and the somatostatin-producing delta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
73	12837760	This short sequence contains binding sites for homeodomain transcription factors PDX1 and hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)1, nuclear receptor HNF4alpha, and basic helix-loop-helix factor Neurogenin3.
74	12837760	In the current study we demonstrate that the HNF1alpha and Neurogenin3 binding sites are critical for activity of the region through synergy between the two proteins.
75	12837760	Furthermore, exogenous expression of Neurogenin3 is sufficient to induce expression of the endogenous pax4 gene in the mouse pancreatic ductal cell line mPAC, which already expresses HNF1alpha, whereas expression of both Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha are necessary to activate the pax4 gene in the fibroblast cell line NIH3T3.
76	12837760	These data demonstrate how Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha activate the pax4 gene during the cascade of gene expression events that control pancreatic endocrine cell development.
77	12837760	Neurogenin3 and hepatic nuclear factor 1 cooperate in activating pancreatic expression of Pax4.
78	12837760	During fetal development, paired/homeodomain transcription factor Pax4 controls the formation of the insulin-producing beta cells and the somatostatin-producing delta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
79	12837760	This short sequence contains binding sites for homeodomain transcription factors PDX1 and hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)1, nuclear receptor HNF4alpha, and basic helix-loop-helix factor Neurogenin3.
80	12837760	In the current study we demonstrate that the HNF1alpha and Neurogenin3 binding sites are critical for activity of the region through synergy between the two proteins.
81	12837760	Furthermore, exogenous expression of Neurogenin3 is sufficient to induce expression of the endogenous pax4 gene in the mouse pancreatic ductal cell line mPAC, which already expresses HNF1alpha, whereas expression of both Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha are necessary to activate the pax4 gene in the fibroblast cell line NIH3T3.
82	12837760	These data demonstrate how Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha activate the pax4 gene during the cascade of gene expression events that control pancreatic endocrine cell development.
83	12837760	Neurogenin3 and hepatic nuclear factor 1 cooperate in activating pancreatic expression of Pax4.
84	12837760	During fetal development, paired/homeodomain transcription factor Pax4 controls the formation of the insulin-producing beta cells and the somatostatin-producing delta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
85	12837760	This short sequence contains binding sites for homeodomain transcription factors PDX1 and hepatic nuclear factor (HNF)1, nuclear receptor HNF4alpha, and basic helix-loop-helix factor Neurogenin3.
86	12837760	In the current study we demonstrate that the HNF1alpha and Neurogenin3 binding sites are critical for activity of the region through synergy between the two proteins.
87	12837760	Furthermore, exogenous expression of Neurogenin3 is sufficient to induce expression of the endogenous pax4 gene in the mouse pancreatic ductal cell line mPAC, which already expresses HNF1alpha, whereas expression of both Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha are necessary to activate the pax4 gene in the fibroblast cell line NIH3T3.
88	12837760	These data demonstrate how Neurogenin3 and HNF1alpha activate the pax4 gene during the cascade of gene expression events that control pancreatic endocrine cell development.
89	14576336	To better understand how Neurogenin3 directs endocrine differentiation, we examined the mechanisms by which Neurogenin3 regulates the promoters of three transcription factor genes expressed in endocrine precursor cells: the nkx2.2 gene, the PAX4 gene, and the NEUROG3 gene, the human gene encoding Neurogenin3 itself.
90	14576336	Neurogenin3 bound to and effectively activated transcription through the nkx2.2 and PAX4 E boxes.
91	14576336	To better understand how Neurogenin3 directs endocrine differentiation, we examined the mechanisms by which Neurogenin3 regulates the promoters of three transcription factor genes expressed in endocrine precursor cells: the nkx2.2 gene, the PAX4 gene, and the NEUROG3 gene, the human gene encoding Neurogenin3 itself.
92	14576336	Neurogenin3 bound to and effectively activated transcription through the nkx2.2 and PAX4 E boxes.
93	14694850	Major break-throughs in the genetic sciences of type 2 diabetes have been identifications of insulin receptor gene mutations in syndromes of severe insulin resistance and mutations in pancreatic beta-cell genes in the monogenic sub-group of type 2 diabetes: maturity-onset-diabetes-of-the-young, MODY.
94	14694850	The studies reported in this thesis are excerpts from an extensive strategy of genetically dissecting (mutation analysis) in: 1) patients with the common form of late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus the pathways that transduce the insulin signals from the plasma membrane to the activation of glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscle, and in 2) patients with either late-onset type diabetes or MODY the pathways involved in normal beta-cell development and beta-cell function (insulin secretion).
95	14694850	We could not confirm that a Val985Met variant in the insulin receptor is associated with type 2 diabetes or that the Met326Val of the p85 alpha regulatory subunit of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase is associated with insulin resistance.
96	14694850	We found no coding mutations (missense) in the insulin signalling protein kinases but we confirmed that the 5 bp deletion (PP1ARE) in the 3'-end of the PPP1R3 gene that encodes the glycogen-associated regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1G) is associated with insulin resistance estimated as insulin mediated glucose uptake.
97	14694850	In contrast to protein kinases in skeletal muscles the genes encoding beta-cell transcription factors (IPF-1, NeuroD1/BETA2, and Neurogenin 3) are polymorphic but we could not confirm that the Asp76Asn of IPF-1 is a susceptibility gene for late-onset type 2 diabetes.
98	14694850	On the other hand we confirmed that the Ala45Thr variant in NeuroD1/BETA2 may represent a susceptibility gene for type 1 diabetes but none of these genes revealed any MODY-specific mutations.
99	14694850	Also the gene encoding the ATP-regulatable potassium channels of the beta-cell (Kir6.2) is polymorphic but none of these polymorphisms associated with changes in glucose-induced insulin secretion.
100	15047618	Regulated expression of pdx-1 promotes in vitro differentiation of insulin-producing cells from embryonic stem cells.
101	15047618	The results showed that pdx-1 expression clearly enhanced the expression of the insulin 2, somatostatin, Kir6.2, glucokinase, neurogenin3, p48, Pax6, PC2, and HNF6 genes in the resulting differentiated cells.
102	15047618	Thus, exogenous expression of pdx-1 should provide a promising approach for efficiently producing insulin-secreting cells from human ES cells for future therapeutic use in diabetic patients.
103	15225136	Islets formed confluent monolayers when cultured on a type I collagen gel which lacked endocrine phenotypes but were positive for cytokeratin 20 and contained an increased proportion of proliferating c-Kit-expressing cells, with the proportion reaching a maximum of 45+/-6% at 8 weeks of culture.
104	15225136	Evaluation of transcription factors at the mRNA level revealed constant PDX-1, ngn3 and Pax4 expression, while undifferentiated cell markers, such as Oct4 and alpha-fetoprotein, were also detected frequently after 4 weeks of culture.
105	15277395	Polymorphic variations in the neurogenic differentiation-1, neurogenin-3, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha genes contribute to glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
106	15277395	The neurogenic differentiation-1 (NEUROD1), neurogenin-3 (NEUROG3), and hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha (TCF1) genes are interacting transcription factors implicated in controlling islet cell development and insulin secretion.
107	15277395	Polymorphisms of these genes (Ala45Thr [NEUROD1], Ser199Phe [NEUROG3], and Ala98Val [TCF1]) have been postulated to influence the development of type 2 diabetes.
108	15277395	In conclusion, we observed a combined effect of variations in NEUROD1, NEUROG3, and TCF1 in contributing to overall glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
109	15277395	Polymorphic variations in the neurogenic differentiation-1, neurogenin-3, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha genes contribute to glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
110	15277395	The neurogenic differentiation-1 (NEUROD1), neurogenin-3 (NEUROG3), and hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha (TCF1) genes are interacting transcription factors implicated in controlling islet cell development and insulin secretion.
111	15277395	Polymorphisms of these genes (Ala45Thr [NEUROD1], Ser199Phe [NEUROG3], and Ala98Val [TCF1]) have been postulated to influence the development of type 2 diabetes.
112	15277395	In conclusion, we observed a combined effect of variations in NEUROD1, NEUROG3, and TCF1 in contributing to overall glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
113	15277395	Polymorphic variations in the neurogenic differentiation-1, neurogenin-3, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha genes contribute to glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
114	15277395	The neurogenic differentiation-1 (NEUROD1), neurogenin-3 (NEUROG3), and hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha (TCF1) genes are interacting transcription factors implicated in controlling islet cell development and insulin secretion.
115	15277395	Polymorphisms of these genes (Ala45Thr [NEUROD1], Ser199Phe [NEUROG3], and Ala98Val [TCF1]) have been postulated to influence the development of type 2 diabetes.
116	15277395	In conclusion, we observed a combined effect of variations in NEUROD1, NEUROG3, and TCF1 in contributing to overall glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
117	15277395	Polymorphic variations in the neurogenic differentiation-1, neurogenin-3, and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha genes contribute to glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
118	15277395	The neurogenic differentiation-1 (NEUROD1), neurogenin-3 (NEUROG3), and hepatic nuclear factor-1alpha (TCF1) genes are interacting transcription factors implicated in controlling islet cell development and insulin secretion.
119	15277395	Polymorphisms of these genes (Ala45Thr [NEUROD1], Ser199Phe [NEUROG3], and Ala98Val [TCF1]) have been postulated to influence the development of type 2 diabetes.
120	15277395	In conclusion, we observed a combined effect of variations in NEUROD1, NEUROG3, and TCF1 in contributing to overall glucose intolerance in a South Indian population.
121	15297605	The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor Neurogenin 3 (NGN3) controls endocrine cell fate specification in uncommitted pancreatic progenitor cells.
122	15604203	Knockout of the genes for Pdx1, Hlxb9, Isl1, or Hex results in an arrest of pancreas development at a very early stage (embryonic d 8-9).
123	15604203	Hes1 or neurogenin-3, abrogates development of the endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans).
124	15604203	Disruption of transcription factor genes expressed more downstream in the developmental cascade (Beta2/NeuroD, Pax4, NKx2.2, and Nkx6.1) curtails the formation of insulin-producing beta-cells.
125	15734848	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3), a factor whose expression is essential for pancreatic endocrine differentiation, was fused to the TAT domain.
126	15734848	Administration of TAT/ngn3 to cultured pancreatic explants results in efficient uptake, nuclear translocation, and stimulation of downstream reporter and endogenous genes.
127	15734848	Consistent with the predicted activity of the protein, e9.5 and e13.5 mouse pancreatic explants cultured in the presence of TAT/ngn3 show an increased level of endocrine differentiation compared with control samples.
128	15734848	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3), a factor whose expression is essential for pancreatic endocrine differentiation, was fused to the TAT domain.
129	15734848	Administration of TAT/ngn3 to cultured pancreatic explants results in efficient uptake, nuclear translocation, and stimulation of downstream reporter and endogenous genes.
130	15734848	Consistent with the predicted activity of the protein, e9.5 and e13.5 mouse pancreatic explants cultured in the presence of TAT/ngn3 show an increased level of endocrine differentiation compared with control samples.
131	15734848	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3), a factor whose expression is essential for pancreatic endocrine differentiation, was fused to the TAT domain.
132	15734848	Administration of TAT/ngn3 to cultured pancreatic explants results in efficient uptake, nuclear translocation, and stimulation of downstream reporter and endogenous genes.
133	15734848	Consistent with the predicted activity of the protein, e9.5 and e13.5 mouse pancreatic explants cultured in the presence of TAT/ngn3 show an increased level of endocrine differentiation compared with control samples.
134	15765120	TC islets contained cells stained positive for insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, as well as PDX-1, chromogranin, and hepatocyte-derived growth factor receptor, c-met.
135	15765120	Duct-like cells in TC of BBdp rats expressed markers of committed endocrine precursors: PDX-1, neurogenin 3 and protein gene product 9.5.
136	15793239	PDX-1/VP16 fusion protein, together with NeuroD or Ngn3, markedly induces insulin gene transcription and ameliorates glucose tolerance.
137	15793239	In this study, we showed that a modified form of the pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor 1 (PDX-1) carrying the VP16 transcriptional activation domain (PDX-1/VP16) markedly increases insulin biosynthesis and induces various pancreas-related factors in the liver, especially in the presence of NeuroD or neurogenin 3 (Ngn3).
138	15793239	Furthermore, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, PDX-1/VP16 overexpression, together with NeuroD or Ngn3, drastically ameliorated glucose tolerance.
139	15793239	Thus PDX-1/VP16 expression, together with NeuroD or Ngn3, markedly induces insulin gene transcription and ameliorates glucose tolerance.
140	15821103	The acquisition of an insulin-secreting phenotype by HGF-treated rat pancreatic ductal cells (ARIP) is associated with the development of susceptibility to cytokine-induced apoptosis.
141	15821103	The present study had the following three aims: 1. to investigate whether pancreatic ductal epithelial cells can be induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells by exposing them to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF); 2. to characterize some of the molecular events leading to their differentiation toward a beta-cell-like phenotype; 3. to evaluate the susceptibility of newly differentiated insulin-secreting cells to cytokine-induced apoptosis, a mechanism of beta-cell destruction occurring in type 1 diabetes.
142	15821103	We demonstrated that HGF-treated rat pancreatic ductal cell line (ARIP) cells acquired the capability to transcribe the insulin gene and translate its counterpart protein.
143	15821103	HGF-treated cells also exhibited a glucose-dependent capability to secrete insulin into the cultured medium.
144	15821103	Expression analysis of some of the genes regulating pancreatic beta-cell differentiation revealed a time-dependent transcription of neurogenin-3 and Neuro-D in response to HGF.
145	15821103	Finally, we determined the susceptibility to proinflammatory cytokine (PTh1)-induced apoptosis by incubating HGF-treated and untreated ARIP cells with a cocktail of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma).
146	15821103	Such treatment induced apoptotic death, as determined by the TUNEL technique, in about 40% of HGF-treated, insulin-secreting ARIP cells, while untreated ARIP cells were resistant to PTh1-induced apoptosis.
147	15821103	In conclusion, we showed that HGF promotes the differentiation of ARIP cells into pancreatic beta-cell-like cells, and that the differentiation toward an insulin-secreting phenotype is associated with the appearance of susceptibility to cytokine-induced apoptosis.
148	16337165	To induce differentiation of AR42J cells, conophylline increases the expression of neurogenin-3 by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase.
149	16399505	The loss of Rbp-j at the initial stage of pancreatic development induced accelerated alpha and PP cell differentiation and a concomitant decrease in the number of Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-positive cells at E11.5.
150	16504534	A more promising gene therapy approach has been to express pancreatic endocrine developmental factors, such as PDX-1, NeuroD/BETA2 and Neurogenin 3, to promote differentiation of non-endocrine cells towards a beta cell or islet phenotype, enabling these cells to synthesize and secrete insulin in a glucose-regulated manner.
151	16873704	We examined the association of variants in genes encoding several transcription factors (TCF1, TCF2, HNF4A, ISL1, IPF1, NEUROG3, PAX6, NKX2-2, NKX6-1, and NEUROD1) and genes encoding the ATP-sensitive K(+) channel subunits Kir6.2 (KCNJ11) and SUR1 (ABCC8) with type 2 diabetes in a Japanese cohort of 2,834 subjects.
152	16968152	Glucagon-like peptide-1 differentiation of primate embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells.
153	16968152	The present study was performed to determine whether glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulates differentiation of nestin-selected embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells.
154	16968152	These cells differentiated into insulin-producing cells after addition of GLP-1.
155	16968152	These nestin-positive cell-derived ICCs expressed numerous beta-cell lineage genes, including insulin; Glut-2; pancreatic duodenal homebox-1 protein (PDX-1); islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP); neurogenin 3 (ngn3); and alpha, gamma, and delta cell gene markers.
156	16968152	In addition, ICCs were characterized by coexpression of nestin/insulin and nestin/PDX-1.
157	16968152	The levels of pancreas-related gene and protein expression and insulin secretion in the GLP-1 group were stronger than those in the normal controls.
158	16968152	GLP-1 has been shown to be involved in stimulating the signaling pathways downstream of the transcription factor PDX-1, by increasing its protein and messenger RNA levels.
159	16968152	We concluded that GLP-1 induced differentiation of nestin-positive progenitor embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells, which was achieved by upregulation of PDX-1 expression.
160	17003360	Recently, the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene has been associated with type 2 diabetes in subjects of European origin in the DeCode study.
161	17003360	During rat fetal beta-cell differentiation, TCF7L2 expression pattern mimics the key marker NGN3 (neurogenin 3), suggesting a role in islet development.
162	17226789	Generation of insulin-producing cells from PDX-1 gene-modified human mesenchymal stem cells.
163	17226789	Here, we show that human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) could be induced to differentiate into functional insulin-producing cells by introduction of the pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1).
164	17226789	After being infected with Ad-PDX-1, hMSCs were successfully induced to differentiate into insulin-secreting cells.
165	17226789	The differentiated PDX-1+ hMSCs expressed multiple islet-cell genes including neurogenin3 (Ngn3), insulin, GK, Glut2, and glucagon, produced and released insulin/C-peptide in a weak glucose-regulated manner.
166	17235302	Adenovirus transduction is required for the correction of diabetes using Pdx-1 or Neurogenin-3 in the liver.
167	17235302	Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1), NeuroD, and Neurogenin-3 (Ngn3) are pancreatic transcription factors important for the development of insulin-producing cells in the liver.
168	17235302	Adenovirus transduction is required for the correction of diabetes using Pdx-1 or Neurogenin-3 in the liver.
169	17235302	Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (Pdx-1), NeuroD, and Neurogenin-3 (Ngn3) are pancreatic transcription factors important for the development of insulin-producing cells in the liver.
170	17328838	Here we report that CXCR4-positive pancreatic cells express markers of pancreatic endocrine progenitors (neurogenin-3, nestin) and markers of pluripotent stem cells (Oct-4, Nanog, ABCG2, CD133, CD117).
171	17367575	GLP-1 was quantified by ELISA, and proglucagon, neurogenin 3 and NeuroD mRNA were measured in the colon by quantitative RT-PCR.
172	17367575	Moreover, oligofructose increased the number of enteroendocrine L-cells in the proximal colon by a mechanism involving up-regulation of two differentiation factors: neurogenin 3 and NeuroD.
173	17367575	GLP-1 was quantified by ELISA, and proglucagon, neurogenin 3 and NeuroD mRNA were measured in the colon by quantitative RT-PCR.
174	17367575	Moreover, oligofructose increased the number of enteroendocrine L-cells in the proximal colon by a mechanism involving up-regulation of two differentiation factors: neurogenin 3 and NeuroD.
175	17563382	A small set of transcription factors, including Tcf2, Onecut1, and Foxa2, has been identified in these pancreatic progenitor cells.
176	17563382	In turn, both Foxa2 and Tcf2 regulated Sox9 expression, demonstrating feedback circuits between these genes.
177	17563382	Furthermore, Sox9 activated the expression of the proendocrine factor Neurogenin3, which also depends on the other members of the progenitor transcription network.
178	17924961	The related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors neurogenin3 (Neurog3) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) regulate pancreatic islet cell formation.
179	17924961	The transient expression of Neurog3 initiates endocrine differentiation and activates its target, NeuroD1, which continues the endocrine differentiation process.
180	17924961	To determine whether Neurog3 and NeuroD1 function by targeting a common set of genes, we compared gene expression patterns in cells ectopically expressing these two factors using cDNA microarrays.
181	17924961	Interestingly, in addition to NeuroD1, Neurog3 also induced both NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 gene expression.
182	17924961	These data suggest possible redundant roles for the NeuroD1 paralogs NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation and their potential utility in cell-based therapies for diabetes mellitus.
183	17924961	The related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors neurogenin3 (Neurog3) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) regulate pancreatic islet cell formation.
184	17924961	The transient expression of Neurog3 initiates endocrine differentiation and activates its target, NeuroD1, which continues the endocrine differentiation process.
185	17924961	To determine whether Neurog3 and NeuroD1 function by targeting a common set of genes, we compared gene expression patterns in cells ectopically expressing these two factors using cDNA microarrays.
186	17924961	Interestingly, in addition to NeuroD1, Neurog3 also induced both NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 gene expression.
187	17924961	These data suggest possible redundant roles for the NeuroD1 paralogs NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation and their potential utility in cell-based therapies for diabetes mellitus.
188	17924961	The related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors neurogenin3 (Neurog3) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) regulate pancreatic islet cell formation.
189	17924961	The transient expression of Neurog3 initiates endocrine differentiation and activates its target, NeuroD1, which continues the endocrine differentiation process.
190	17924961	To determine whether Neurog3 and NeuroD1 function by targeting a common set of genes, we compared gene expression patterns in cells ectopically expressing these two factors using cDNA microarrays.
191	17924961	Interestingly, in addition to NeuroD1, Neurog3 also induced both NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 gene expression.
192	17924961	These data suggest possible redundant roles for the NeuroD1 paralogs NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation and their potential utility in cell-based therapies for diabetes mellitus.
193	17924961	The related basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors neurogenin3 (Neurog3) and neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1) regulate pancreatic islet cell formation.
194	17924961	The transient expression of Neurog3 initiates endocrine differentiation and activates its target, NeuroD1, which continues the endocrine differentiation process.
195	17924961	To determine whether Neurog3 and NeuroD1 function by targeting a common set of genes, we compared gene expression patterns in cells ectopically expressing these two factors using cDNA microarrays.
196	17924961	Interestingly, in addition to NeuroD1, Neurog3 also induced both NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 gene expression.
197	17924961	These data suggest possible redundant roles for the NeuroD1 paralogs NeuroD2 and NeuroD4 in pancreatic endocrine differentiation and their potential utility in cell-based therapies for diabetes mellitus.
198	17936263	However, gene transcripts of transcription factors immediately downstream of ngn3 (neuroD and nkx2.2) did not show such similarities in expression.
199	17936263	We carried out microRNA analysis of 283 known and validated mouse microRNAs during different stages of pancreatic development and regeneration and identified that 4 microRNAs; miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-16 and miR-195, which can potentially bind to ngn3 transcript, are expressed at least 200-fold higher in the regenerating mouse pancreas as compared to embryonic day (e) 10.5 or e 16.5 developing mouse pancreas.
200	17936263	Inhibition of these miRNAs in regenerating pancreatic cells using anti-sense miRNA-specific inhibitors, induces expression of NGN3 and its downstream players: neuroD and nkx2.2.
201	17936263	However, gene transcripts of transcription factors immediately downstream of ngn3 (neuroD and nkx2.2) did not show such similarities in expression.
202	17936263	We carried out microRNA analysis of 283 known and validated mouse microRNAs during different stages of pancreatic development and regeneration and identified that 4 microRNAs; miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-16 and miR-195, which can potentially bind to ngn3 transcript, are expressed at least 200-fold higher in the regenerating mouse pancreas as compared to embryonic day (e) 10.5 or e 16.5 developing mouse pancreas.
203	17936263	Inhibition of these miRNAs in regenerating pancreatic cells using anti-sense miRNA-specific inhibitors, induces expression of NGN3 and its downstream players: neuroD and nkx2.2.
204	17951500	In this organ, OFS increases the number of GLP-1-positive L cells by promoting factors (Neurogenin 3 and NeuroD) involved in the differentiation of stem cells into L cells.
205	17951500	The chronic administration of GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin 9-39 totally prevents the beneficial effects of OFS (improved glucose tolerance, fasting blood glucose, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, insulin-sensitive hepatic glucose production, and reduced body weight gain).
206	17951500	Moreover, OFS is also able to modulate other gastrointestinal peptides (such as PYY and ghrelin) that could be involved in the control of food intake.
207	17996499	Expression of HNF-4alpha (MODY1), HNF-1beta (MODY5), and HNF-1alpha (MODY3) proteins in the developing mouse pancreas.
208	17996499	The type 1, 3, and 5 forms of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) are caused by mutations of the genes encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4alpha, HNF-1alpha, and HNF-1beta, respectively [Yamagata, K., Oda, N., Kaisaki, P.J., Menzel, S., Furuta, H., Vaxillaire, M., et al., 1996a.
209	17996499	Mutation in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1beta gene (TCF2) associated with MODY.
210	17996499	We performed an immunohistochemical study to investigate its expression in comparison with the expression of HNF-1alpha and HNF-1beta.
211	17996499	HNF-4alpha and HNF-1beta were initially expressed by Pdx1(+) common progenitor cells and neurogenin3(+) (Ngn3(+)) endocrine precursor cells during the first transition, but expression of HNF-1beta and either HNF-4alpha or HNF-1alpha became complementary around the end of the second transition (E15.5).
212	17996499	In the mature pancreas, HNF-4alpha was expressed by glucagon-positive alpha-cells, insulin-positive beta-cells, somatostatin-positive delta-cells, and pancreatic polypeptide-positive PP-cells, as well as by pancreatic exocrine cells and ductal cells.
213	17996499	Most of the HNF-4alpha(+) cells were also positive for HNF-1alpha, but HNF-4alpha expression in some non-beta-cells was remarkably high, and this was not paralleled by high HNF-1alpha expression.
214	18243094	Using a unique injury model of the pancreas in mouse, Xu et al. (2008) now reveal the involvement of neurogenin3, a marker for embryonic-type endocrine progenitor cells, in the formation of new insulin-producing beta cells.
215	18374086	We found that population of human CD133-positive pancreatic cells contains endocrine progenitors expressing neurogenin-3 and cells expressing human telomerase, ABCG2, Oct-3/4, Nanog, and Rex-1, markers of pluripotent stem cells.
216	19168505	At day 14, IHBECs were transfected with adenoviral (Ad)- pancreas duodenum homeobox 1 (Pdx-1), NeuroD or Pdx-1/VP16.
217	19168505	In DM control IHBECs started to express some endocrine progenitor genes (Neurog3, NeuroD, Nkx6.1, and Pdx-1) but lacked insulin gene (Ins) mRNA.
218	19168505	Transduced expression of PDX-1, NEUROD or PDX-1/VP16 led to expression of not only INS but also GLUT2 and prohormone convertase 1 and 2.
219	19168505	Transduced cells released insulin (Ad-PDX-1 0.08+/-0.05, Ad-NEUROD 0.33+/-0.09, Ad-PDX-1/VP16 0.37+/-0.14 ng/1x10(5) cells after 48 h in culture).
220	19521525	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3) is a basic helix loop helix transcription factor that is transiently expressed in the developing mouse pancreas with peak expression around E15.
221	19521525	Within the pancreas EGFP was localized in close proximity to cells that stained positive for ngn3, insulin, and glucagon, but was absent from regions of the pancreas that stained positive for amylase.
222	19521525	RT/PCR analysis confirmed that the purified cells expressed EGFP, ngn3, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.
223	19521525	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3) is a basic helix loop helix transcription factor that is transiently expressed in the developing mouse pancreas with peak expression around E15.
224	19521525	Within the pancreas EGFP was localized in close proximity to cells that stained positive for ngn3, insulin, and glucagon, but was absent from regions of the pancreas that stained positive for amylase.
225	19521525	RT/PCR analysis confirmed that the purified cells expressed EGFP, ngn3, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.
226	19521525	Neurogenin 3 (ngn3) is a basic helix loop helix transcription factor that is transiently expressed in the developing mouse pancreas with peak expression around E15.
227	19521525	Within the pancreas EGFP was localized in close proximity to cells that stained positive for ngn3, insulin, and glucagon, but was absent from regions of the pancreas that stained positive for amylase.
228	19521525	RT/PCR analysis confirmed that the purified cells expressed EGFP, ngn3, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide.
229	19608613	Transcription factors know to regulate pancreas formation, pancreatic duodenal homeobox factor 1, neurogenin 3, NKX2-2, and NKX6-1, which were expressed in the appropriate spatial and temporal pattern to coordinate pancreatic bud outgrowth and direct endocrine cell specification in sheep.
230	19608613	Immunofluorescence staining of the developing pancreas was used to co-localize insulin and epithelial proteins (cytokeratin, E-cadherin, and beta-catenin) or insulin and a mesenchymal protein (vimentin).
231	19729673	Pancreata of euglycemic mice showed histological evidence of beta cell regeneration and expression of pancreas and duodenum transcription factor-1 (PDX-1) and neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) in ductal epithelium.
232	19805515	Transcription factor Glis3, a novel critical player in the regulation of pancreatic beta-cell development and insulin gene expression.
233	19805515	In this study, we report that the Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factor Gli-similar 3 (Glis3) is induced during the secondary transition of pancreatic development, a stage of cell lineage specification and extensive patterning, and that Glis3(zf/zf) mutant mice develop neonatal diabetes, evidenced by hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia.
234	19805515	Gene expression profiling and immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that the expression of pancreatic hormones and several transcription factors important in endocrine cell development, including Ngn3, MafA, and Pdx1, were significantly decreased in the developing pancreata of Glis3(zf/zf) mutant mice.
235	19805515	The population of pancreatic progenitors appears not to be greatly affected in Glis3(zf/zf) mutant mice; however, the number of neurogenin 3 (Ngn3)-positive endocrine cell progenitors is significantly reduced.
236	19805515	In addition, we provide evidence that Glis3 regulates insulin gene expression through two Glis-binding sites in its proximal promoter, indicating that Glis3 also regulates beta-cell function.
237	19819964	Gene therapy with neurogenin 3 and betacellulin reverses major metabolic problems in insulin-deficient diabetic mice.
238	19819964	Gene therapy of streptozotocin-diabetic mice with neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) and betacellulin (Btc) leads to the induction of periportal oval cell-derived neo-islets that exhibit GSIS.
239	19819964	Gene therapy with neurogenin 3 and betacellulin reverses major metabolic problems in insulin-deficient diabetic mice.
240	19819964	Gene therapy of streptozotocin-diabetic mice with neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) and betacellulin (Btc) leads to the induction of periportal oval cell-derived neo-islets that exhibit GSIS.
241	19819973	Neurogenin 3-specific dipeptidyl peptidase-2 deficiency causes impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and visceral obesity.
242	19819973	We generated mice with a neurogenin 3 (NGN3)-specific DPP2 knockdown (kd) to explore a possible role of DPP2 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
243	19819973	Interestingly, the phenotype of NGN3-DPP2 kd mice is opposite that of DPP4 knockout mice with regard to glucose metabolism, namely the former have normal glucagon-like peptide 1 levels but present with glucose intolerance, whereas the latter have increased glucagon-like peptide 1, which is accompanied by augmented glucose tolerance.
244	19819973	Neurogenin 3-specific dipeptidyl peptidase-2 deficiency causes impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and visceral obesity.
245	19819973	We generated mice with a neurogenin 3 (NGN3)-specific DPP2 knockdown (kd) to explore a possible role of DPP2 in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
246	19819973	Interestingly, the phenotype of NGN3-DPP2 kd mice is opposite that of DPP4 knockout mice with regard to glucose metabolism, namely the former have normal glucagon-like peptide 1 levels but present with glucose intolerance, whereas the latter have increased glucagon-like peptide 1, which is accompanied by augmented glucose tolerance.
247	20016875	To investigate whether the local production of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestine can differentiate intestinal stem/progenitor cells into insulin-producing cells, we intra-intestinally injected a recombinant adenovirus expressing GLP-1 (rAd-GLP-1) into diabetic mice.
248	20016875	Expression of transcription factors related to beta cell differentiation, neurogenin 3 (ngn3) and neurogenin differentiation factor (NeuroD), was detected in the intestine at 2 weeks after rAd-GLP-1 injection.
249	20016875	We suggest that expression of GLP-1 in the intestine by intra-intestinal delivery of rAd-GLP-1 may induce differentiation of intestinal stem/progenitor cells into insulin-producing cells, mediated by ngn3 and NeuroD expression, contributing to lowered blood glucose levels in diabetic mice.
250	20016875	To investigate whether the local production of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestine can differentiate intestinal stem/progenitor cells into insulin-producing cells, we intra-intestinally injected a recombinant adenovirus expressing GLP-1 (rAd-GLP-1) into diabetic mice.
251	20016875	Expression of transcription factors related to beta cell differentiation, neurogenin 3 (ngn3) and neurogenin differentiation factor (NeuroD), was detected in the intestine at 2 weeks after rAd-GLP-1 injection.
252	20016875	We suggest that expression of GLP-1 in the intestine by intra-intestinal delivery of rAd-GLP-1 may induce differentiation of intestinal stem/progenitor cells into insulin-producing cells, mediated by ngn3 and NeuroD expression, contributing to lowered blood glucose levels in diabetic mice.
253	20079600	Conophylline increased the mRNA expression of PDX-1, neurogenin3, neuroD/Beta2, and insulin in ICC.
254	20221823	Oligodeoxynucleotide IMT504 induces a marked recovery in a streptozotocin-induced model of diabetes in rats: correlation with an early increase in the expression of nestin and neurogenin 3 progenitor cell markers.
255	20432450	Neurogenin-3 and Pdx-1, markers of beta-cell progenitors, were increased in EIC of weanling HC-fed rats.
256	20448145	Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor enhances neurogenin3 gene expression and beta-cell proliferation in the developing mouse pancreas.
257	20448145	In this study we examined the influence of GDNF on the expression of neurogenin3 (Ngn3) and other transcription factors implicated in early beta-cell development, as well as on beta-cell proliferation during embryonic and early postnatal mouse pancreas development.
258	20448145	Embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5) mouse pancreatic tissue when exposed to GDNF for 24 h showed higher Ngn3, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene 1 (Pdx1), neuroD1/beta(2), paired homeobox gene 4 (Pax4), and insulin mRNA expression than tissue exposed to vehicle only.
259	20448145	Transgenic expression of GDNF in mouse pancreata was associated with increased numbers of Ngn3-expressing pancreatic cells and higher beta-cell mass at embryonic day 18 (E18), as well as higher beta-cell proliferation and Pdx1 expression in beta-cells at E18 and postnatal day 1.
260	20448145	In the HIT-T15 beta-cell line, GDNF enhanced the expression of Pax6.
261	20448145	Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies using the HIT-T15 beta-cell line demonstrated that GDNF can influence Pdx1 gene expression by enhancing the binding of Sox9 and neuroD1/beta(2) to the Pdx1 promoter.
262	20448145	Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor enhances neurogenin3 gene expression and beta-cell proliferation in the developing mouse pancreas.
263	20448145	In this study we examined the influence of GDNF on the expression of neurogenin3 (Ngn3) and other transcription factors implicated in early beta-cell development, as well as on beta-cell proliferation during embryonic and early postnatal mouse pancreas development.
264	20448145	Embryonic day 15.5 (E15.5) mouse pancreatic tissue when exposed to GDNF for 24 h showed higher Ngn3, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene 1 (Pdx1), neuroD1/beta(2), paired homeobox gene 4 (Pax4), and insulin mRNA expression than tissue exposed to vehicle only.
265	20448145	Transgenic expression of GDNF in mouse pancreata was associated with increased numbers of Ngn3-expressing pancreatic cells and higher beta-cell mass at embryonic day 18 (E18), as well as higher beta-cell proliferation and Pdx1 expression in beta-cells at E18 and postnatal day 1.
266	20448145	In the HIT-T15 beta-cell line, GDNF enhanced the expression of Pax6.
267	20448145	Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies using the HIT-T15 beta-cell line demonstrated that GDNF can influence Pdx1 gene expression by enhancing the binding of Sox9 and neuroD1/beta(2) to the Pdx1 promoter.
268	20692412	Compared with untreated cells the differentiation of human nonendocrine pancreatic cells into insulin-producing elements was increased after treatment with IGF-1, EGF, and Exendin-4, growth factors known to be activators of the PI3K pathway (12.2 +/- 3.2% vs 9.1 +/- 3.2%).
269	20692412	Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and Exendin-4 significantly increased the expression of the transcription factor neurogenin-3, whereas the expressions of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1), neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD) were increased only among samples treated with ZnCl2 and not significantly affected by treatment with the tested growth factors.
270	20692412	Successful differentiation of IGF-1, EGF-, and Exendin-4-treated cells into functional beta cells was confirmed by C-peptide secretion in response to 5 versus 20 mmol glucose stimulation (0.24 vs 0.91 pmol C-peptide/microg DNA).
271	20692412	These results showed that activation of the PI3K signaling pathway might be used to stimulate the differentiation of nonendocrine pancreatic cells into insulin-producing elements.
272	21088235	Many GFP+ cells below +4 position were positive for the putative intestinal stem cell markers, leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5, CD133, and doublecortin and CaM kinase-like-1, and also for the neuroendocrine transcription factor neurogenin 3.
273	21088235	However, these cells were neither stem nor transient amplifying precursor cells because they were negative for both Ki-67 and phospho-Histone H3 and positive for the mature endocrine marker chromogranin A.
274	21099270	The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor neurogenin-3 (Ngn3, Neurog3) is critical for the development of the endocrine cells of the islets.
275	21099270	The successive waves of Ngn3 expression that occur during the primary and secondary transitions of endocrine cell development temporally determine the four distinct endocrine cell lineages, α, β, PP, and δ cells that express glucagon, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, and somatostatin, respectively.
276	21135059	We developed a transgenic mouse line in which the surrogate markers secreted alkaline phosphatase (SeAP) and enhanced green florescent protein (EGFP) can be used to monitor neurogenin-3 expression, and thus islet cell genesis.
277	21173230	Neurogenin3 inhibits proliferation in endocrine progenitors by inducing Cdkn1a.
278	21173230	In Neurog3 null mice, the islet progenitor cells failed to activate Cdkn1a expression and continued to proliferate, showing that their exit from the cell cycle requires Neurog3.
279	21173230	Furthermore, induced transgenic expression of Neurog3 in mouse β-cells in vivo markedly decreased their proliferation, increased Cdkn1a levels, and eventually caused profound hyperglycemia.
280	21173230	Neurogenin3 inhibits proliferation in endocrine progenitors by inducing Cdkn1a.
281	21173230	In Neurog3 null mice, the islet progenitor cells failed to activate Cdkn1a expression and continued to proliferate, showing that their exit from the cell cycle requires Neurog3.
282	21173230	Furthermore, induced transgenic expression of Neurog3 in mouse β-cells in vivo markedly decreased their proliferation, increased Cdkn1a levels, and eventually caused profound hyperglycemia.
283	21173230	Neurogenin3 inhibits proliferation in endocrine progenitors by inducing Cdkn1a.
284	21173230	In Neurog3 null mice, the islet progenitor cells failed to activate Cdkn1a expression and continued to proliferate, showing that their exit from the cell cycle requires Neurog3.
285	21173230	Furthermore, induced transgenic expression of Neurog3 in mouse β-cells in vivo markedly decreased their proliferation, increased Cdkn1a levels, and eventually caused profound hyperglycemia.
286	21786021	The Krüppel-like zinc finger protein GLIS3 transactivates neurogenin 3 for proper fetal pancreatic islet differentiation in mice.
287	21814221	We genotyped 91 polymorphisms in 19 genes (ABCC8, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, INS, INSM1, ISL1, KCNJ11, MAFA, MNX1, NEUROD1, NEUROG3, NKX2.2, NKX6.1, PAX4, PAX6, PDX1, USF1 and WFS1) in 2025 unrelated North Indians of Indo-European ethnicity comprising of 1019 diabetic and 1006 non-diabetic subjects.
288	21814221	Variants in USF1, ABCC8, ISL1 and KCNJ11 showed nominal association, while haplotypes in these genes were significantly associated. rs3812704 upstream of NEUROG3 significantly increased risk for type 2 diabetes in normal-weight/lean subjects (OR=1.68 (95%CI 1.25-2.24), P=4.9 × 10(-4)).
289	21814221	We genotyped 91 polymorphisms in 19 genes (ABCC8, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, INS, INSM1, ISL1, KCNJ11, MAFA, MNX1, NEUROD1, NEUROG3, NKX2.2, NKX6.1, PAX4, PAX6, PDX1, USF1 and WFS1) in 2025 unrelated North Indians of Indo-European ethnicity comprising of 1019 diabetic and 1006 non-diabetic subjects.
290	21814221	Variants in USF1, ABCC8, ISL1 and KCNJ11 showed nominal association, while haplotypes in these genes were significantly associated. rs3812704 upstream of NEUROG3 significantly increased risk for type 2 diabetes in normal-weight/lean subjects (OR=1.68 (95%CI 1.25-2.24), P=4.9 × 10(-4)).
291	21915820	Enhanced differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stromal cells into insulin-producing cells with glucagon-like peptide-1.
292	21915820	Here, we report an efficient approach to induce human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSCs) to differentiate into insulin-producing cells, with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). hADSCs were successfully isolated from the adipose tissue, with adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potency.
293	21915820	Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed the expression of the pancreas-related genes in the differentiated cells, such as pdx-1, ngn3, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, glucokinase n and glut2.
294	21915820	Immunocytochemical analysis showed that the induced cells co-expressed insulin, C-peptide and PDX-1.
295	21915820	In addition, flow cytometry analysis and ELISA showed that, in the presence of GLP-1, the percentage of insulin-producing cells was increased from 5.9% to 28.0% and the release of insulin increased from 9.53±0.7 pmol/106 cells to 15.86±1.3 pmol/106 cells.
296	21915820	These results indicated that hADSCs isolated from adipose tissues can be induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells, which is further enhanced with the treatment of GLP-1.
297	22150363	Reprogramming of pancreatic exocrine cells towards a beta (β) cell character using Pdx1, Ngn3 and MafA.
298	22150363	Pdx1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), Ngn3 (neurogenin 3) and MafA (v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein A) have been reported to bring about the transdifferentiation of pancreatic exocrine cells to beta (β) cells in vivo.
299	22150363	We constructed a new adenoviral vector encoding all three genes, called Ad-PNM (adenoviral Pdx1, Ngn3, MafA construct).
300	22150363	At the chromatin level, histone tail modifications of the Pdx1, Ins1 (insulin 1) and Ins2 (insulin 2) gene promoters are shifted in a direction associated with gene activity, and the level of DNA CpG methylation is reduced at the Ins1 promoter.
301	22210321	We found that in the presence of Leu, differentiation of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1-positive progenitor cells into neurogenin3-positive endocrine progenitor cells was inefficient and resulted in decreased β-cell formation.
302	22393165	Further studies on the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and Cdk4 demonstrated that these genes were significantly up-regulated in the ABL-treated mice.
303	22393165	Moreover, the expression of PDX-1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1), Ngn3 (neurogenin 3), insulin, GLUT-1 (glucose transporter 1) and glucokinase was also increased in the ABL-treated mice.
304	22406641	Here, we show that, unexpectedly, somatic ablation of Foxo1 in Neurog3(+) enteroendocrine progenitor cells gives rise to gut insulin-positive (Ins(+)) cells that express markers of mature β cells and secrete bioactive insulin as well as C-peptide in response to glucose and sulfonylureas.
305	22595886	We demonstrate that transgenic mice with Isl-1 overexpression display improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin secretion without significant changes in β cell mass.
306	22595886	Using real-time PCR we have confirmed upregulation of Caps2, Sec14l4, Slc2a10, P2rx7, Afamin, and Neurogenin 3 that may in part mediate the observed improved insulin secretion in Isl-1 overexpressing mice.
307	22685335	We used the hydrodynamic approach to deliver genes Pdx1, Ngn3 (Neurog3) and MafA singly and in combination to livers of normoglycaemic rats.
308	22685335	When Pdx1, Ngn3 and MafA were delivered together to normoglycaemic rats with these plasmids, insulin mRNA was detected at all time points and was ~50-fold higher with pCpG.
309	22761699	Here, we demonstrate that CXCR4 and SDF-1α are expressed in the human fetal pancreas and that during early gestation, CXCR4 colocalizes with neurogenin 3 (ngn3), a key transcription factor for endocrine specification in the pancreas.
310	22761699	Exposure of ICCs in vitro to AMD3100, a pharmacological inhibitor of CXCR4, did not alter expression of endocrine hormones insulin and glucagon, or the pancreatic endocrine transcription factors PDX1, Nkx6.1, Ngn3 and PAX4.
311	22847495	GLP-1, a cell growth and survival factor, is proposed to promote the expansion of neurogenin3-expressing, undifferentiated pro-α-cells during development. β-cells arise from pro-α-cells by a change in the relative amounts of the transcription factors Arx and Pax4, master regulators of the α- and β-cell lineages, respectively.
312	22915381	Moreover, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) data showed increased expression of pancreatic cell markers, including insulin, Pdx1, pan polypeptide and neurogenin-3, when these cells formed pancreatic clusters in the presence of activin A, exendin-4 and retinoic acid.
313	23153982	Mechanisms and techniques of reprogramming: using PDX-1 homeobox protein as a novel treatment of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
314	23153982	Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 (PDX-1) is a homeobox protein which acts as a key regulator in the development of b cells in the Islets of Langerhans.
315	23153982	There is strong evidence that PDX-1 plays a role in activating the insulin promoter and increasing insulin levels in response to glucose.
316	23153982	PDX-1 also binds to sequences within β cells and regulates the promoter activity of a number of islet genes including insulin, glut-2 and neurogenin 3.
317	23153982	When fused with the VP16 activation sequence, transfection of the PDX-1 gene has been shown to transform liver cells into insulin producing cells.
318	23418498	Our causal reasoning algorithm suggested the involvement of novel gene networks, such as NEUROG3/E2F1/KDM5B and SOCS3/STAT3/IL-6, in endocrine cell development We experimentally investigated the role of the top-ranked prediction by showing that addition of exogenous IL-6 could affect the expression of the endocrine progenitor genes NEUROG3 and NKX2.2.
319	23471965	Neurogenin3 cooperates with Foxa2 to autoactivate its own expression.
320	23471965	Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro.
321	23471965	However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo.
322	23471965	Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells.
323	23471965	Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.
324	23471965	Neurogenin3 cooperates with Foxa2 to autoactivate its own expression.
325	23471965	Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro.
326	23471965	However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo.
327	23471965	Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells.
328	23471965	Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.
329	23471965	Neurogenin3 cooperates with Foxa2 to autoactivate its own expression.
330	23471965	Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro.
331	23471965	However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo.
332	23471965	Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells.
333	23471965	Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.
334	23471965	Neurogenin3 cooperates with Foxa2 to autoactivate its own expression.
335	23471965	Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro.
336	23471965	However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo.
337	23471965	Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells.
338	23471965	Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.
339	23471965	Neurogenin3 cooperates with Foxa2 to autoactivate its own expression.
340	23471965	Additionally, we show that the broadly expressed endodermal forkhead factors Foxa1 and Foxa2 can cooperate synergistically to amplify Neurogenin3 autoregulation in vitro.
341	23471965	However, only Foxa2 colocalizes with Neurogenin3 in pancreatic progenitors, thus indicating a primary role for this factor in regulating Neurogenin3 expression in vivo.
342	23471965	Furthermore, in addition to decreasing Neurog3 autoregulation, inhibition of Foxa2 by RNA interference attenuates Neurogenin3-dependent activation of the endocrine developmental program in cultured duct mPAC cells.
343	23471965	Hence, these data uncover the potential functional cooperation between the endocrine lineage-determining factor Neurogenin3 and the widespread endoderm progenitor factor Foxa2 in the implementation of the endocrine developmental program in the pancreas.
344	23562832	Adenoviral-mediated expression of NEUROG3, Pdx1, and MafA in GBCs resulted in robust induction of pancreatic endocrine genes, including Ins1, Ins2, Neurod1, Nkx2-2 and Isl1.
345	23562832	Furthermore, expression of GBC-specific genes was repressed, including Sox17 and Hes1.
346	23586830	The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of lentivirus to introduce the PDX1 gene into MSCs to produce insulin-secreting cells and apply it for treatment of hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.
347	23586830	Significant expressions of PDX1, neurogenin3, glucagon, glucose transporter2 (Glut2), and insulin were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (P < 0.05).
348	23586830	PDX1 and insulin were detected at the protein level by immunofluorescence analysis.
349	23586830	PDX1 could trigger a gene expression cascade that involved pancreatic endocrine differentiation and also revealed the glucose sensing ability by expressing Glut2 in high-glucose medium.
350	23586830	The insulin secretion of MSCs(PDX1+) in the high-glucose medium was 1.75-fold higher than that secreted in the low-glucose medium (P < 0.05).
351	23630303	In contrast to the published data from mouse embryos, during human pancreas development, we detected only a single-phase of Neurogenin 3 (NEUROG3) expression and endocrine differentiation from approximately 8 weeks, before which Nirenberg and Kim homeobox 2.2 (NKX2.2) was not observed in the pancreatic progenitor cell population.
352	23725211	Significant expressions of PDX1, neurogenin3 (Ngn3), glucagon, glucose transporter2 (Glut2), and somatostatin were detected by quantitative RT-PCR (P < 0.05).
353	23725211	PDX1 and insulin proteins were shown by immunocytochemistry analysis.
354	23725211	Insulin secretion of hUDSCs(PDX1+) in the high-glucose medium was 1.8 μU/mL.
355	23736775	A Short-activating RNA Oligonucleotide Targeting the Islet β-cell Transcriptional Factor MafA in CD34(+) Cells.
356	23736775	We have developed a novel approach using short-activating RNA oligonucleotides to differentiate adult human CD34(+) cells into insulin-secreting cells.
357	23736775	By transfecting RNA to increase transcript levels of the master regulator of insulin biosynthesis, v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA), several pancreatic endodermal genes were upregulated during the differentiation procedure.
358	23736775	These included Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox gene-1 (PDX1), Neurogenin 3, NeuroD, and NK6 homeobox 1 (NKx6-1).
359	23736775	Differentiated CD34(+) cells also expressed glucokinase, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP1R), sulfonylurea receptor-1 (SUR1) and phogrin-all essential for glucose sensitivity and insulin secretion.
360	23741322	Obestatin prevents β-cell apoptosis, preserves β-cell mass and stimulates insulin secretion in vitro and in vivo, in both normal and diabetic conditions.
361	23741322	Treatment of cultured islets of Langerhans with obestatin (i) enriched cells expressing the mesenchymal/neuronal marker nestin, which is associated with pancreatic precursors; (ii) increased cell survival and reduced apoptosis during precursor selection; (iii) promoted the generation of islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) with increased insulin gene expression and C-peptide secretion.
362	23741322	Furthermore, obestatin modulated the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), Notch receptors and neurogenin 3 (Ngn3) during islet-derived precursor cell selection and endocrine differentiation.
363	23769060	Additionally, some endocrine transdifferentiation of the liver, with storage of insulin in granules, and expression of some β-cell transcription factors (eg, Pdx1, Neurod1, Neurog3, Nkx2-2, Pax4) and pancreatic hormones in both studies.
364	23769060	Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of the liver tissue revealed expression of several β-cell transcription factors, including the key factors, Pdx-1 and Neurod1, pancreatic hormones, glucagon, and somatostatin; however, endogenous pig insulin was not expressed.
365	23938248	Atonal homolog 8 (Atoh8) displays high similarity in the bHLH domain with NeuroD proteins.
366	23938248	Atoh8 binds the ubiquitous E protein E47 and its ability to repress transcription may partly result from its ability to inhibit E47/E47 and Neurogenin3/E47 dimer activities.
367	23976832	There are undifferentiated transcriptional progenitors Pdx1+/Ptf1a+/Cpa1+ tracking the growth of acini, ducts, α and β-islet cells.
368	23976832	The upregulated transcriptional factors Pdx1 and ngn3 specify consequences of cell cycle regulation in early gut endocrine cells.
369	23976832	The undifferentiated transcriptional factors basic helix loop helix (bHLH) protein regulate Ptf1a+/Cpa1+ in acini, ducts and it also regulate ngn3 to decrease expression of insulin and other pancreas secretions.
370	23976832	There are undifferentiated transcriptional progenitors Pdx1+/Ptf1a+/Cpa1+ tracking the growth of acini, ducts, α and β-islet cells.
371	23976832	The upregulated transcriptional factors Pdx1 and ngn3 specify consequences of cell cycle regulation in early gut endocrine cells.
372	23976832	The undifferentiated transcriptional factors basic helix loop helix (bHLH) protein regulate Ptf1a+/Cpa1+ in acini, ducts and it also regulate ngn3 to decrease expression of insulin and other pancreas secretions.