Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: NPPC

Gene name: natriuretic peptide C

HGNC ID: 7941

Synonyms: CNP

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	AGT	1 hits
2	CAPN1	1 hits
3	EDN1	1 hits
4	FAM111B	1 hits
5	IGF1	1 hits
6	INS	1 hits
7	INSR	1 hits
8	KITLG	1 hits
9	NES	1 hits
10	NPB	1 hits
11	NPPA	1 hits
12	NPPB	1 hits
13	NPR1	1 hits
14	NPR2	1 hits
15	NPR3	1 hits
16	PDGFB	1 hits
17	SERPINE1	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	8095372	By use of rat atrial natriuretic peptide (rANP) as a competing ligand, two classes of receptors become apparent in this population, both of which have similar affinity for CNP, but different affinities for rANP.
2	8674895	We further demonstrated the detection of the gene transcripts of CNP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B receptor, a specific receptor for CNP, in human blood vessels.
3	8674895	To clarify the significance of vascular NPS in proliferative vascular complications associated with diabetes, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, in the present study we examined the effect of insulin on CNP secretion from cultured ECs.
4	8674895	Insulin at a concentration in the physiological range (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/l) potently suppressed CNP secretion, whereas insulin at the same concentration did not suppress endothelin (ET) secretion from EC.
5	8674895	IGF-I had no significant effect on CNP secretion.
6	8674895	Insulin, therefore, can be a potent inhibitor of CNP secretion through the activation of insulin receptor.
7	8674895	We further demonstrated the detection of the gene transcripts of CNP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B receptor, a specific receptor for CNP, in human blood vessels.
8	8674895	To clarify the significance of vascular NPS in proliferative vascular complications associated with diabetes, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, in the present study we examined the effect of insulin on CNP secretion from cultured ECs.
9	8674895	Insulin at a concentration in the physiological range (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/l) potently suppressed CNP secretion, whereas insulin at the same concentration did not suppress endothelin (ET) secretion from EC.
10	8674895	IGF-I had no significant effect on CNP secretion.
11	8674895	Insulin, therefore, can be a potent inhibitor of CNP secretion through the activation of insulin receptor.
12	8674895	We further demonstrated the detection of the gene transcripts of CNP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B receptor, a specific receptor for CNP, in human blood vessels.
13	8674895	To clarify the significance of vascular NPS in proliferative vascular complications associated with diabetes, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, in the present study we examined the effect of insulin on CNP secretion from cultured ECs.
14	8674895	Insulin at a concentration in the physiological range (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/l) potently suppressed CNP secretion, whereas insulin at the same concentration did not suppress endothelin (ET) secretion from EC.
15	8674895	IGF-I had no significant effect on CNP secretion.
16	8674895	Insulin, therefore, can be a potent inhibitor of CNP secretion through the activation of insulin receptor.
17	8674895	We further demonstrated the detection of the gene transcripts of CNP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B receptor, a specific receptor for CNP, in human blood vessels.
18	8674895	To clarify the significance of vascular NPS in proliferative vascular complications associated with diabetes, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, in the present study we examined the effect of insulin on CNP secretion from cultured ECs.
19	8674895	Insulin at a concentration in the physiological range (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/l) potently suppressed CNP secretion, whereas insulin at the same concentration did not suppress endothelin (ET) secretion from EC.
20	8674895	IGF-I had no significant effect on CNP secretion.
21	8674895	Insulin, therefore, can be a potent inhibitor of CNP secretion through the activation of insulin receptor.
22	8674895	We further demonstrated the detection of the gene transcripts of CNP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) B receptor, a specific receptor for CNP, in human blood vessels.
23	8674895	To clarify the significance of vascular NPS in proliferative vascular complications associated with diabetes, hypertension, or atherosclerosis, in the present study we examined the effect of insulin on CNP secretion from cultured ECs.
24	8674895	Insulin at a concentration in the physiological range (10(-10)-10(-7) mol/l) potently suppressed CNP secretion, whereas insulin at the same concentration did not suppress endothelin (ET) secretion from EC.
25	8674895	IGF-I had no significant effect on CNP secretion.
26	8674895	Insulin, therefore, can be a potent inhibitor of CNP secretion through the activation of insulin receptor.
27	8733825	The usefulness of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and cyclic guanosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cGMP) as markers of fluid overload was examined in hemodialysis (HD) patients without diabetes mellitus.
28	8733825	Plasma concentrations of ANP, BNP, CNP, and cGMP all decreased significantly during HD.
29	8733825	Before HD, there was a strong correlation between plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP, and plasma concentrations of cGMP correlated significantly with those of all three natriuretic peptides.
30	8733825	The cardiothoracic ratio also correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP before HD.
31	8733825	Changes in body weight during HD correlated only with those in plasma ANP; there was thus no correlation between changes in body weight and those in plasma CNP.
32	8733825	Furthermore, CNP may participate in cardiovascular regulation in HD patients in a manner different from those of ANP and BNP.
33	8733825	The usefulness of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and cyclic guanosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cGMP) as markers of fluid overload was examined in hemodialysis (HD) patients without diabetes mellitus.
34	8733825	Plasma concentrations of ANP, BNP, CNP, and cGMP all decreased significantly during HD.
35	8733825	Before HD, there was a strong correlation between plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP, and plasma concentrations of cGMP correlated significantly with those of all three natriuretic peptides.
36	8733825	The cardiothoracic ratio also correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP before HD.
37	8733825	Changes in body weight during HD correlated only with those in plasma ANP; there was thus no correlation between changes in body weight and those in plasma CNP.
38	8733825	Furthermore, CNP may participate in cardiovascular regulation in HD patients in a manner different from those of ANP and BNP.
39	8733825	The usefulness of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and cyclic guanosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cGMP) as markers of fluid overload was examined in hemodialysis (HD) patients without diabetes mellitus.
40	8733825	Plasma concentrations of ANP, BNP, CNP, and cGMP all decreased significantly during HD.
41	8733825	Before HD, there was a strong correlation between plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP, and plasma concentrations of cGMP correlated significantly with those of all three natriuretic peptides.
42	8733825	The cardiothoracic ratio also correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP before HD.
43	8733825	Changes in body weight during HD correlated only with those in plasma ANP; there was thus no correlation between changes in body weight and those in plasma CNP.
44	8733825	Furthermore, CNP may participate in cardiovascular regulation in HD patients in a manner different from those of ANP and BNP.
45	8733825	The usefulness of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), and cyclic guanosine 3',5'- monophosphate (cGMP) as markers of fluid overload was examined in hemodialysis (HD) patients without diabetes mellitus.
46	8733825	Plasma concentrations of ANP, BNP, CNP, and cGMP all decreased significantly during HD.
47	8733825	Before HD, there was a strong correlation between plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP, and plasma concentrations of cGMP correlated significantly with those of all three natriuretic peptides.
48	8733825	The cardiothoracic ratio also correlated significantly with plasma concentrations of ANP and those of BNP before HD.
49	8733825	Changes in body weight during HD correlated only with those in plasma ANP; there was thus no correlation between changes in body weight and those in plasma CNP.
50	8733825	Furthermore, CNP may participate in cardiovascular regulation in HD patients in a manner different from those of ANP and BNP.
51	8940383	The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the two biologically active NP receptors, NP-A receptor [more specific for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)] and NP-B receptor [more specific for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)], and CNP mRNA levels were determined in the aorta and kidney by ribonuclease protection assay.
52	8940383	Plasma ANP levels and CNP mRNA levels in the aorta of Wistar fatty rats were also significantly higher than those in Wistar lean rats.
53	8940383	These results suggest that both the ANP/NP-A system and the CNP/NP-B system in vessels are up-regulated at the level of gene expression and may, thus, play an important role in counteracting the hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus.
54	8940383	The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the two biologically active NP receptors, NP-A receptor [more specific for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)] and NP-B receptor [more specific for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)], and CNP mRNA levels were determined in the aorta and kidney by ribonuclease protection assay.
55	8940383	Plasma ANP levels and CNP mRNA levels in the aorta of Wistar fatty rats were also significantly higher than those in Wistar lean rats.
56	8940383	These results suggest that both the ANP/NP-A system and the CNP/NP-B system in vessels are up-regulated at the level of gene expression and may, thus, play an important role in counteracting the hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus.
57	8940383	The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of the two biologically active NP receptors, NP-A receptor [more specific for atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)] and NP-B receptor [more specific for C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)], and CNP mRNA levels were determined in the aorta and kidney by ribonuclease protection assay.
58	8940383	Plasma ANP levels and CNP mRNA levels in the aorta of Wistar fatty rats were also significantly higher than those in Wistar lean rats.
59	8940383	These results suggest that both the ANP/NP-A system and the CNP/NP-B system in vessels are up-regulated at the level of gene expression and may, thus, play an important role in counteracting the hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus.
60	9713324	All increases of renal CNP mRNA and urinary CNP excretion rates in diabetic rats were attenuated in low salt diet-treated diabetic rats as well as insulin-treated diabetic rats.
61	9713324	These results demonstrate that renal CNP synthesis is enhanced in diabetic rats and the increase of renal CNP mRNA is ameliorated by salt restriction and insulin treatment.
62	9713324	All increases of renal CNP mRNA and urinary CNP excretion rates in diabetic rats were attenuated in low salt diet-treated diabetic rats as well as insulin-treated diabetic rats.
63	9713324	These results demonstrate that renal CNP synthesis is enhanced in diabetic rats and the increase of renal CNP mRNA is ameliorated by salt restriction and insulin treatment.
64	9793068	Since plasma ANP and vascular CNP were significantly increased, the local CNP/NP-BR system as well as the systemic ANP/NP-AR system may play an important role in counteracting vascular remodeling in diabetes mellitus.
65	9812917	Atrial natriuretic factor 1-28 (ANF) and C-type natriuretic factor-22 (CNP) reduced angiotensin II (Ang II)- and platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated PAI-1 mRNA expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells by 50% to 70%, with corresponding reductions in PAI-1 protein release.
66	9812917	Treatment of human aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP similarly inhibited both platelet-derived growth factor-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression and PAI-1 protein release by 50%.
67	9812917	Dose-response studies revealed that the inhibitory effects of CNP and ANF on PAI-1 expression were concentration dependent, with IC50s of approximately 1 nmol/L for both natriuretic peptides.
68	9812917	Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression was also inhibited by the nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.
69	9812917	The membrane-permeant cGMP analogue 8-Br-cGMP reduced Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression by 60%, and an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4, 3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) significantly impaired the inhibitory effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine on Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression.
70	9812917	Atrial natriuretic factor 1-28 (ANF) and C-type natriuretic factor-22 (CNP) reduced angiotensin II (Ang II)- and platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated PAI-1 mRNA expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells by 50% to 70%, with corresponding reductions in PAI-1 protein release.
71	9812917	Treatment of human aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP similarly inhibited both platelet-derived growth factor-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression and PAI-1 protein release by 50%.
72	9812917	Dose-response studies revealed that the inhibitory effects of CNP and ANF on PAI-1 expression were concentration dependent, with IC50s of approximately 1 nmol/L for both natriuretic peptides.
73	9812917	Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression was also inhibited by the nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.
74	9812917	The membrane-permeant cGMP analogue 8-Br-cGMP reduced Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression by 60%, and an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4, 3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) significantly impaired the inhibitory effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine on Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression.
75	9812917	Atrial natriuretic factor 1-28 (ANF) and C-type natriuretic factor-22 (CNP) reduced angiotensin II (Ang II)- and platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated PAI-1 mRNA expression in rat aortic smooth muscle cells by 50% to 70%, with corresponding reductions in PAI-1 protein release.
76	9812917	Treatment of human aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP similarly inhibited both platelet-derived growth factor-induced PAI-1 mRNA expression and PAI-1 protein release by 50%.
77	9812917	Dose-response studies revealed that the inhibitory effects of CNP and ANF on PAI-1 expression were concentration dependent, with IC50s of approximately 1 nmol/L for both natriuretic peptides.
78	9812917	Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression was also inhibited by the nitric oxide donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine.
79	9812917	The membrane-permeant cGMP analogue 8-Br-cGMP reduced Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression by 60%, and an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4, 3-a]quinoxalin-1-one) significantly impaired the inhibitory effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine on Ang II-stimulated PAI-1 expression.
80	10462143	To evaluate the effects of cilnidipine (CNP), L- and N-type calcium channel blocker and nilvadipine (NVP) on 24-h urinary epinephrine (U-EP), norepinephrine (U-NE), dopamine (U-DA) and C-peptide (U-CPR) in patients associated with hypertension and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (HT-NIDDM), a randomized crossover study was performed with 35 HT-NIDDM patients.
81	10768826	Natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP and CNP) comprise a family of structurally related peptides, which are derived from three different genes and which share a 17-amino acid internal ring.
82	10768826	Besides their peripheral involvement in diuresis and blood pressure regulation these peptides, their bioactive fragments and their corresponding receptors (natriuretic peptide receptors NPR-A, NPR-B and NPR-C) are found throughout the central nervous system (CNS): NPR-A and NPR-C are found on neurons and astrocytes, while NPR-B is located mainly on neurons and partially colocalizes with NPR-A.
83	10768826	In the CNS of man and rodents NPR-A is found mainly in cortex and hippocampus, whereas NPR-B is present in the amygdala and several brainstem regulatory sites.
84	10768826	Natriuretic peptides are specifically involved in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system: in man and rodents ANP inhibits the HPA system at all regulatory levels, while CNP stimulates the release of cortisol.
85	10768826	Complementarily, the anatomic structure of natriuretic peptide systems within the CNS supports an important role for these in normal and pathologic emotional behaviour (e.g. anxiety and panic): in rodents ANP was found to reduce anxiety levels, whereas CNP induced the opposite effect.
86	10768826	Moreover, panic anxiety and concomitant ACTH and cortisol secretion elicited by stimulation with the panicogen cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide were also attenuated by ANP infusions in patients as well as in healthy volunteers.
87	10768826	Natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP and CNP) comprise a family of structurally related peptides, which are derived from three different genes and which share a 17-amino acid internal ring.
88	10768826	Besides their peripheral involvement in diuresis and blood pressure regulation these peptides, their bioactive fragments and their corresponding receptors (natriuretic peptide receptors NPR-A, NPR-B and NPR-C) are found throughout the central nervous system (CNS): NPR-A and NPR-C are found on neurons and astrocytes, while NPR-B is located mainly on neurons and partially colocalizes with NPR-A.
89	10768826	In the CNS of man and rodents NPR-A is found mainly in cortex and hippocampus, whereas NPR-B is present in the amygdala and several brainstem regulatory sites.
90	10768826	Natriuretic peptides are specifically involved in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system: in man and rodents ANP inhibits the HPA system at all regulatory levels, while CNP stimulates the release of cortisol.
91	10768826	Complementarily, the anatomic structure of natriuretic peptide systems within the CNS supports an important role for these in normal and pathologic emotional behaviour (e.g. anxiety and panic): in rodents ANP was found to reduce anxiety levels, whereas CNP induced the opposite effect.
92	10768826	Moreover, panic anxiety and concomitant ACTH and cortisol secretion elicited by stimulation with the panicogen cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide were also attenuated by ANP infusions in patients as well as in healthy volunteers.
93	10768826	Natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP and CNP) comprise a family of structurally related peptides, which are derived from three different genes and which share a 17-amino acid internal ring.
94	10768826	Besides their peripheral involvement in diuresis and blood pressure regulation these peptides, their bioactive fragments and their corresponding receptors (natriuretic peptide receptors NPR-A, NPR-B and NPR-C) are found throughout the central nervous system (CNS): NPR-A and NPR-C are found on neurons and astrocytes, while NPR-B is located mainly on neurons and partially colocalizes with NPR-A.
95	10768826	In the CNS of man and rodents NPR-A is found mainly in cortex and hippocampus, whereas NPR-B is present in the amygdala and several brainstem regulatory sites.
96	10768826	Natriuretic peptides are specifically involved in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system: in man and rodents ANP inhibits the HPA system at all regulatory levels, while CNP stimulates the release of cortisol.
97	10768826	Complementarily, the anatomic structure of natriuretic peptide systems within the CNS supports an important role for these in normal and pathologic emotional behaviour (e.g. anxiety and panic): in rodents ANP was found to reduce anxiety levels, whereas CNP induced the opposite effect.
98	10768826	Moreover, panic anxiety and concomitant ACTH and cortisol secretion elicited by stimulation with the panicogen cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide were also attenuated by ANP infusions in patients as well as in healthy volunteers.
99	10828832	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a recent addition to the family of natriuretic peptides including atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP, BNP), is believed to be an endothelium-derived vasodilator and to have an antimitotic effect.
100	10828832	ANP and BNP concentrations are increased in conditions such as congestive heart failure, but cardiac CNP concentrations have not been investigated in this connection.
101	10828832	We therefore investigated the cardiac expression of CNP mRNA compared with that of BNP mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
102	10828832	After extraction of total cardiac RNA, a specific cDNA probe of BNP was used for northern blot analysis, whereas myocardial CNP expression was analysed by an RNase-protection assay.
103	10828832	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a recent addition to the family of natriuretic peptides including atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP, BNP), is believed to be an endothelium-derived vasodilator and to have an antimitotic effect.
104	10828832	ANP and BNP concentrations are increased in conditions such as congestive heart failure, but cardiac CNP concentrations have not been investigated in this connection.
105	10828832	We therefore investigated the cardiac expression of CNP mRNA compared with that of BNP mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
106	10828832	After extraction of total cardiac RNA, a specific cDNA probe of BNP was used for northern blot analysis, whereas myocardial CNP expression was analysed by an RNase-protection assay.
107	10828832	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a recent addition to the family of natriuretic peptides including atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP, BNP), is believed to be an endothelium-derived vasodilator and to have an antimitotic effect.
108	10828832	ANP and BNP concentrations are increased in conditions such as congestive heart failure, but cardiac CNP concentrations have not been investigated in this connection.
109	10828832	We therefore investigated the cardiac expression of CNP mRNA compared with that of BNP mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
110	10828832	After extraction of total cardiac RNA, a specific cDNA probe of BNP was used for northern blot analysis, whereas myocardial CNP expression was analysed by an RNase-protection assay.
111	10828832	C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), a recent addition to the family of natriuretic peptides including atrial and brain natriuretic peptide (ANP, BNP), is believed to be an endothelium-derived vasodilator and to have an antimitotic effect.
112	10828832	ANP and BNP concentrations are increased in conditions such as congestive heart failure, but cardiac CNP concentrations have not been investigated in this connection.
113	10828832	We therefore investigated the cardiac expression of CNP mRNA compared with that of BNP mRNA in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats.
114	10828832	After extraction of total cardiac RNA, a specific cDNA probe of BNP was used for northern blot analysis, whereas myocardial CNP expression was analysed by an RNase-protection assay.
115	15126246	Water deprivation increased the B(max) of glomerular binding sites for ANP(1-28) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)(1-22) without modifying their affinity, an effect that was prevented in the presence of C-atrial natriuretic factor (C-ANF), suggesting that natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) binding sites might be enhanced.
116	15126246	Our results indicate that ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22), and C-ANF inhibit cAMP synthesis directly stimulated by forskolin or by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine.
117	15126246	In addition, using affinity cross-linking studies we have observed that water deprivation increases the expression of the 67-kDa NPR-C-like protein, and HS-142, which binds to NPR-A and the 77-kDa NPR-C-like but not the 67-kDa protein, reduced ligand internalization without affecting cAMP inhibition by ANP(1-28).
118	15126246	Water deprivation increased the B(max) of glomerular binding sites for ANP(1-28) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)(1-22) without modifying their affinity, an effect that was prevented in the presence of C-atrial natriuretic factor (C-ANF), suggesting that natriuretic peptide receptor-C (NPR-C) binding sites might be enhanced.
119	15126246	Our results indicate that ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22), and C-ANF inhibit cAMP synthesis directly stimulated by forskolin or by the physiological agonists histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine.
120	15126246	In addition, using affinity cross-linking studies we have observed that water deprivation increases the expression of the 67-kDa NPR-C-like protein, and HS-142, which binds to NPR-A and the 77-kDa NPR-C-like but not the 67-kDa protein, reduced ligand internalization without affecting cAMP inhibition by ANP(1-28).
121	15927715	VNP is a chimera of CNP and ANP, which possesses the 22-amino acid ringed structure of CNP and the COOH terminus of ANP.
122	15927715	VNP shares properties with ANP and CNP but also shows functional characteristics distinct from those induced by the original natriuretic peptides.
123	15927715	VNP binding was displaced by incubation in the presence of 1 microM ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22) and C-ANP, which suggests that VNP mostly binds to NPR-C.
124	15927715	VNP is a chimera of CNP and ANP, which possesses the 22-amino acid ringed structure of CNP and the COOH terminus of ANP.
125	15927715	VNP shares properties with ANP and CNP but also shows functional characteristics distinct from those induced by the original natriuretic peptides.
126	15927715	VNP binding was displaced by incubation in the presence of 1 microM ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22) and C-ANP, which suggests that VNP mostly binds to NPR-C.
127	15927715	VNP is a chimera of CNP and ANP, which possesses the 22-amino acid ringed structure of CNP and the COOH terminus of ANP.
128	15927715	VNP shares properties with ANP and CNP but also shows functional characteristics distinct from those induced by the original natriuretic peptides.
129	15927715	VNP binding was displaced by incubation in the presence of 1 microM ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22) and C-ANP, which suggests that VNP mostly binds to NPR-C.
130	16109786	The C-type natriuretic (CNP) peptide signals through the type B natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B) in vascular smooth muscle cells to activate the particulate guanylyl cyclase activity intrinsic to that receptor and raise cellular cyclic GMP levels.
131	16109786	In the present study, we demonstrate that CNP down-regulates the expression of this receptor leading to a reduction in NPR-B activity.
132	16109786	Pretreatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP reduces NPR-B activity, NPR-B protein levels, NPR2 (NPR-B gene) mRNA levels, and NPR2 promoter activity.
133	16109786	Atrial natriuretic peptide, which signals through the type A natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) to increase cyclic GMP levels in these cells, also reduced NPR-B mRNA levels and inhibited NPR-B promoter activity; however, this inhibition was not additive with that produced by CNP, implying that the two ligands traffic over a common signal transduction pathway.
134	16109786	The C-type natriuretic (CNP) peptide signals through the type B natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B) in vascular smooth muscle cells to activate the particulate guanylyl cyclase activity intrinsic to that receptor and raise cellular cyclic GMP levels.
135	16109786	In the present study, we demonstrate that CNP down-regulates the expression of this receptor leading to a reduction in NPR-B activity.
136	16109786	Pretreatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP reduces NPR-B activity, NPR-B protein levels, NPR2 (NPR-B gene) mRNA levels, and NPR2 promoter activity.
137	16109786	Atrial natriuretic peptide, which signals through the type A natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) to increase cyclic GMP levels in these cells, also reduced NPR-B mRNA levels and inhibited NPR-B promoter activity; however, this inhibition was not additive with that produced by CNP, implying that the two ligands traffic over a common signal transduction pathway.
138	16109786	The C-type natriuretic (CNP) peptide signals through the type B natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B) in vascular smooth muscle cells to activate the particulate guanylyl cyclase activity intrinsic to that receptor and raise cellular cyclic GMP levels.
139	16109786	In the present study, we demonstrate that CNP down-regulates the expression of this receptor leading to a reduction in NPR-B activity.
140	16109786	Pretreatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP reduces NPR-B activity, NPR-B protein levels, NPR2 (NPR-B gene) mRNA levels, and NPR2 promoter activity.
141	16109786	Atrial natriuretic peptide, which signals through the type A natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) to increase cyclic GMP levels in these cells, also reduced NPR-B mRNA levels and inhibited NPR-B promoter activity; however, this inhibition was not additive with that produced by CNP, implying that the two ligands traffic over a common signal transduction pathway.
142	16109786	The C-type natriuretic (CNP) peptide signals through the type B natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B) in vascular smooth muscle cells to activate the particulate guanylyl cyclase activity intrinsic to that receptor and raise cellular cyclic GMP levels.
143	16109786	In the present study, we demonstrate that CNP down-regulates the expression of this receptor leading to a reduction in NPR-B activity.
144	16109786	Pretreatment of rat aortic smooth muscle cells with CNP reduces NPR-B activity, NPR-B protein levels, NPR2 (NPR-B gene) mRNA levels, and NPR2 promoter activity.
145	16109786	Atrial natriuretic peptide, which signals through the type A natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A) to increase cyclic GMP levels in these cells, also reduced NPR-B mRNA levels and inhibited NPR-B promoter activity; however, this inhibition was not additive with that produced by CNP, implying that the two ligands traffic over a common signal transduction pathway.
146	16904201	Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor types A (NPR-A) and C (NPR-C) binding properties and functional characteristics in renal glomeruli have been investigated in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-treated hypertensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and their respective controls.
147	16904201	We found that DOCA administration had no significant effect on the maximum binding capacity or the affinity of renal NPR-A and NPR-C.
148	16904201	Our results indicate that the cAMP production by NPR-C is not altered in DOCA-induced hypertension, since ANP(1-28), CNP(1-22) and C-ANP, which specifically bind to NPR-C, show a similar inhibitory effect on cAMP production stimulated by the physiological agonist histamine in glomeruli from DOCA-treated rats and controls.
149	16904201	Finally, we have found that DOCA-induced hypertension does not modify NPR-A or NPR-C expression in rat glomerular membranes.
150	16904201	These findings indicate that NPR-A and NPR-C binding properties and NPR-C-mediated inhibition of cAMP generation remain unaltered in DOCA-treated rats.
151	21938932	The activity of receptor forms of guanylyl cyclases (rGC) sensitive to natriuretic peptides, ANP and CNP, in tissues of female rats with 240-days neonatal streptozotocin DM and the influence of intranasal administration of insulin and serotonin (6 weeks, daily dose is 0.48 IU of insulin or 20 microg of serotonin to rat) on this activity were studied.
152	21938932	In the myocardium of diabetic rats, the weakening of GC stimulating effect of ANP and, on the contrary, the strengthening of CNP effect were observed.
153	21938932	In the ovaries, GC stimulating effect of CNP and, to a lesser degree, the corresponding effect of ANP were decreased.
154	21938932	The administration of insulin to diabetic rats induced an increase in GC effect of ANP in the myocardium to its values in control animals and a decrease in CNP effect as well as in partially restored GC effect of CNP in the ovaries.
155	21938932	The activity of receptor forms of guanylyl cyclases (rGC) sensitive to natriuretic peptides, ANP and CNP, in tissues of female rats with 240-days neonatal streptozotocin DM and the influence of intranasal administration of insulin and serotonin (6 weeks, daily dose is 0.48 IU of insulin or 20 microg of serotonin to rat) on this activity were studied.
156	21938932	In the myocardium of diabetic rats, the weakening of GC stimulating effect of ANP and, on the contrary, the strengthening of CNP effect were observed.
157	21938932	In the ovaries, GC stimulating effect of CNP and, to a lesser degree, the corresponding effect of ANP were decreased.
158	21938932	The administration of insulin to diabetic rats induced an increase in GC effect of ANP in the myocardium to its values in control animals and a decrease in CNP effect as well as in partially restored GC effect of CNP in the ovaries.
159	21938932	The activity of receptor forms of guanylyl cyclases (rGC) sensitive to natriuretic peptides, ANP and CNP, in tissues of female rats with 240-days neonatal streptozotocin DM and the influence of intranasal administration of insulin and serotonin (6 weeks, daily dose is 0.48 IU of insulin or 20 microg of serotonin to rat) on this activity were studied.
160	21938932	In the myocardium of diabetic rats, the weakening of GC stimulating effect of ANP and, on the contrary, the strengthening of CNP effect were observed.
161	21938932	In the ovaries, GC stimulating effect of CNP and, to a lesser degree, the corresponding effect of ANP were decreased.
162	21938932	The administration of insulin to diabetic rats induced an increase in GC effect of ANP in the myocardium to its values in control animals and a decrease in CNP effect as well as in partially restored GC effect of CNP in the ovaries.
163	21938932	The activity of receptor forms of guanylyl cyclases (rGC) sensitive to natriuretic peptides, ANP and CNP, in tissues of female rats with 240-days neonatal streptozotocin DM and the influence of intranasal administration of insulin and serotonin (6 weeks, daily dose is 0.48 IU of insulin or 20 microg of serotonin to rat) on this activity were studied.
164	21938932	In the myocardium of diabetic rats, the weakening of GC stimulating effect of ANP and, on the contrary, the strengthening of CNP effect were observed.
165	21938932	In the ovaries, GC stimulating effect of CNP and, to a lesser degree, the corresponding effect of ANP were decreased.
166	21938932	The administration of insulin to diabetic rats induced an increase in GC effect of ANP in the myocardium to its values in control animals and a decrease in CNP effect as well as in partially restored GC effect of CNP in the ovaries.
167	22266322	Reversible immortalization of Nestin-positive precursor cells from pancreas and differentiation into insulin-secreting cells.
168	22266322	In the present study, Nestin-positive progenitor cells (NPPCs) from mouse pancreas that expressed the pancreatic stem cells or progenitor cell marker Nestin were isolated to obtain a sufficient number of differentiated pancreatic β cells.
169	22266322	RINPPCs can be efficiently induced to differentiate into insulin-producing cells that contain a combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and sodium butyrate.
170	23352981	The results showed that the protein expression levels of c-Kit and membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) in gastric smooth muscle layers were decreased in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
171	23352981	Pretreatment of the cultured gastric smooth muscle cells (GSMCs) with different concentration of CNP can significantly decrease the mSCF expression level. 8-Bromoguanosine-3',5'-cyclomo-nophosphate (8-Br-cGMP), a membrane permeable cGMP analog, mimicked the effect of CNP but not cANF (a specific NPR-C agonist).
172	23352981	These findings suggest that up-regulation of NPs/NPR-A, B/cGMP and NPs/NPR-C signaling pathways may be involved in diabetes-induced loss of gastric ICC.
173	23837031	Following exercise intervention, significant changes in endothelin (ET)-1, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), ΔDia-P, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)2h, fasting insulin, homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body fat percentage, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio were measured.
174	23837031	Exercise intervention increased CNP levels, decreased ET-1 levels and increased ΔDia-P, indicating improved vascular endothelium function.
175	23837031	Following exercise intervention, significant changes in endothelin (ET)-1, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), ΔDia-P, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)2h, fasting insulin, homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body fat percentage, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio were measured.
176	23837031	Exercise intervention increased CNP levels, decreased ET-1 levels and increased ΔDia-P, indicating improved vascular endothelium function.