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Gene Information
Gene symbol: PCNA
Gene name: proliferating cell nuclear antigen
HGNC ID: 8729
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 4017287 | This preparation was devoid of previously identified nuclear antigens including ribonucleoprotein (U1-RNP), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Sjögren's syndrome antigen A (SS-A/Ro), Sjögren's syndrome antigen B (SS-B/La), Sjögren's lupus antigen (SL), scleroderma antigen 70 (Scl-70), DNA and histones. |
| 2 | 7752595 | We found prominent mesangial cell proliferation at three days (4.34 +/- 2.24 PCNA + cells/glom vs. 1.6 +/- 0.74 in controls, P < 0.001) associated with increased alpha-actin expression. |
| 3 | 7752595 | PDGF B-chain mRNA was slightly increased at day one, and PDGF B-chain immunostaining was slightly increased at days one and six. |
| 4 | 7752595 | Insulin treatment prevented mesangial cell proliferation, actin expression, and macrophage infiltration, and normalized TGF-beta expression at 14 and 30 days. |
| 5 | 7752595 | These multiple cellular events preceded any detectable increases in glomerular gene expression or deposition of collagen I, IV or laminin. |
| 6 | 8094359 | Evaluations of glomerular mRNA levels encoding for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-A and -B chains, TGF-beta, IGF-I, bFGF, and EGF were made at 4, 12, and 24 wk after injection of STZ in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| 7 | 8094359 | The mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF increased with age in STZ-induced diabetic rats. |
| 8 | 8094359 | At 24 wk after STZ injection, mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF were increased 3.8-fold, (P < 0.01), 4.2-fold (P < 0.01), 4.0-fold (P < 0.01), 5.2-fold (P < 0.001), and 3.6-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, in the glomeruli of diabetic rats when compared with control rats. |
| 9 | 8094359 | In contrast, mRNA levels for IGF-I, PDGF-A chain, and EGF were not altered in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats throughout the experimental period. |
| 10 | 8094359 | Insulin treatment partially ameliorated the increase in mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. |
| 11 | 8094359 | Evaluations of glomerular mRNA levels encoding for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-A and -B chains, TGF-beta, IGF-I, bFGF, and EGF were made at 4, 12, and 24 wk after injection of STZ in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| 12 | 8094359 | The mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF increased with age in STZ-induced diabetic rats. |
| 13 | 8094359 | At 24 wk after STZ injection, mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF were increased 3.8-fold, (P < 0.01), 4.2-fold (P < 0.01), 4.0-fold (P < 0.01), 5.2-fold (P < 0.001), and 3.6-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, in the glomeruli of diabetic rats when compared with control rats. |
| 14 | 8094359 | In contrast, mRNA levels for IGF-I, PDGF-A chain, and EGF were not altered in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats throughout the experimental period. |
| 15 | 8094359 | Insulin treatment partially ameliorated the increase in mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. |
| 16 | 8094359 | Evaluations of glomerular mRNA levels encoding for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-A and -B chains, TGF-beta, IGF-I, bFGF, and EGF were made at 4, 12, and 24 wk after injection of STZ in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| 17 | 8094359 | The mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF increased with age in STZ-induced diabetic rats. |
| 18 | 8094359 | At 24 wk after STZ injection, mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF were increased 3.8-fold, (P < 0.01), 4.2-fold (P < 0.01), 4.0-fold (P < 0.01), 5.2-fold (P < 0.001), and 3.6-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, in the glomeruli of diabetic rats when compared with control rats. |
| 19 | 8094359 | In contrast, mRNA levels for IGF-I, PDGF-A chain, and EGF were not altered in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats throughout the experimental period. |
| 20 | 8094359 | Insulin treatment partially ameliorated the increase in mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. |
| 21 | 8094359 | Evaluations of glomerular mRNA levels encoding for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-A and -B chains, TGF-beta, IGF-I, bFGF, and EGF were made at 4, 12, and 24 wk after injection of STZ in Sprague-Dawley rats. |
| 22 | 8094359 | The mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF increased with age in STZ-induced diabetic rats. |
| 23 | 8094359 | At 24 wk after STZ injection, mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF were increased 3.8-fold, (P < 0.01), 4.2-fold (P < 0.01), 4.0-fold (P < 0.01), 5.2-fold (P < 0.001), and 3.6-fold (P < 0.01), respectively, in the glomeruli of diabetic rats when compared with control rats. |
| 24 | 8094359 | In contrast, mRNA levels for IGF-I, PDGF-A chain, and EGF were not altered in glomeruli from diabetic and control rats throughout the experimental period. |
| 25 | 8094359 | Insulin treatment partially ameliorated the increase in mRNA levels for PCNA, TNF-alpha, PDGF-B chain, TGF-beta, and bFGF in the glomeruli of diabetic rats. |
| 26 | 9570569 | NOR IDDM resistance was previously found to be largely controlled by the Idd13 locus within an approximately 24 cM segment on Chromosome 2 encompassing BKS-derived alleles for H3a, B2m, Il1, and Pcna. |
| 27 | 9570569 | Since trans-interactions between relatively common and functionally normal allelic variants may contribute to IDDM in NOD mice, the search for Idd genes in humans should not be limited to functionally defective variants. |
| 28 | 10328964 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and basic fibroblast growth factor differentially inhibit the insulin-like growth factor-I induced expression of myogenin in C2C12 myoblasts. |
| 29 | 10328964 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) plays a role in several disease states such as sepsis, cachexia, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 30 | 10328964 | TNF-alpha interferes with insulin signaling and inhibits differentiation-specific gene expression in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. |
| 31 | 10328964 | We have examined the mechanisms by which TNF-alpha, in comparison to basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), inhibits the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)-induced differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. |
| 32 | 10328964 | Adhesion of quiescent, suspended myoblasts to collagen in high concentrations of IGF-I (10 nM) induced these cells to proliferate during the initial 24 h postplating and in so doing transiently inhibited the expression of myogenin, an essential transcription factor controlling myoblast differentiation. |
| 33 | 10328964 | Low doses of IGF-I (1 nM) were minimally mitogenic and enhanced muscle-specific gene expression. |
| 34 | 10328964 | Quiescent myoblasts treated with bFGF in combination with IGF-I did not express myogenin, but expressed proliferating cell nuclear antigen and underwent DNA synthesis. |
| 35 | 10328964 | In contrast, TNF-alpha in the presence or absence of 1 nM IGF-I, did not stimulate DNA synthesis in myoblasts. |
| 36 | 10328964 | However, TNF-alpha inhibited myogenin mRNA and protein expression. |
| 37 | 10328964 | Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 correlated with myogenin expression and myoblast differentiation, but not with growth arrest. |
| 38 | 10328964 | These results indicate that both TNF-alpha and bFGF inhibit myogenin expression but differentially influence myoblast proliferation. |
| 39 | 10445763 | Immunohistochemical measurement of proliferating cell nuclear antigen revealed that hepatic DNA labeling indices were similar in normal control animals and diabetic rats 30 or 90 days post diabetic induction, but were reduced to 45 to 50% of control in insulin-treated diabetic animals, perhaps due to altered receptor activity or to partial insulin resistance, as reported previously. |
| 40 | 10460949 | Kidney sections were processed immunohistochemically for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and smooth muscle alpha-actin which is expressed only by proliferating mesangial cells. |
| 41 | 10460949 | The number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive nuclei and alpha-actin-positive cells per glomerulus did not differ between groups at both 5 and 12 months. |
| 42 | 10460949 | Kidney sections were processed immunohistochemically for proliferating cell nuclear antigen and smooth muscle alpha-actin which is expressed only by proliferating mesangial cells. |
| 43 | 10460949 | The number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive nuclei and alpha-actin-positive cells per glomerulus did not differ between groups at both 5 and 12 months. |
| 44 | 11090239 | Cell proliferation nuclear antigen (PCNA) was used as a marker of cell proliferation and cells were stained for putative markers of islet neogenesis, cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and Bcl-2. |
| 45 | 11090239 | Most of the insulin(+)clusters were also homeodomain-containing transcription factor pancreas duodenum homeobox gene-1 (PDX-1) positive. |
| 46 | 11123298 | Since our previous studies have established that expression of extracellular activation markers are relatively low in unmanipulated peripheral BB-DP T cells; this p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype represents a novel activation state. |
| 47 | 11123298 | Analyses of T cell subsets from congenic rats demonstrate that this phenotype segregates with the lyp diabetogenic locus and that the p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is T cell specific. |
| 48 | 11123298 | This p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is not seen in medullary thymocytes, but appears abruptly in the recent thymic emigrant population, suggesting that the lyp locus does not act directly on cell cycle regulators but rather alters the interaction between T cells and the peripheral environment. |
| 49 | 11123298 | Since our previous studies have established that expression of extracellular activation markers are relatively low in unmanipulated peripheral BB-DP T cells; this p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype represents a novel activation state. |
| 50 | 11123298 | Analyses of T cell subsets from congenic rats demonstrate that this phenotype segregates with the lyp diabetogenic locus and that the p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is T cell specific. |
| 51 | 11123298 | This p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is not seen in medullary thymocytes, but appears abruptly in the recent thymic emigrant population, suggesting that the lyp locus does not act directly on cell cycle regulators but rather alters the interaction between T cells and the peripheral environment. |
| 52 | 11123298 | Since our previous studies have established that expression of extracellular activation markers are relatively low in unmanipulated peripheral BB-DP T cells; this p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype represents a novel activation state. |
| 53 | 11123298 | Analyses of T cell subsets from congenic rats demonstrate that this phenotype segregates with the lyp diabetogenic locus and that the p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is T cell specific. |
| 54 | 11123298 | This p27(low) PCNA(high) phenotype is not seen in medullary thymocytes, but appears abruptly in the recent thymic emigrant population, suggesting that the lyp locus does not act directly on cell cycle regulators but rather alters the interaction between T cells and the peripheral environment. |
| 55 | 11872675 | Increased insulin sensitivity in IGF-I receptor--deficient brown adipocytes. |
| 56 | 11872675 | Immortalized brown adipocyte cell lines have been generated from fetuses of mice deficient in the insulin-like growth factor I receptor gene (IGF-IR(-/-)), as well as from fetuses of wild-type mice (IGF-IR(+/+)). |
| 57 | 11872675 | IGF-IR(-/-) brown adipocytes lacked IGF-IR protein expression; insulin receptor (IR) expression remained unchanged as compared with wild-type cells. |
| 58 | 11872675 | Upon insulin stimulation, tyrosine phosphorylation of (insulin receptor substrate-1) IRS-1 was much higher in IGF-IR(-/-) brown adipocytes, although IRS-1 protein content was reduced. |
| 59 | 11872675 | Downstream, the association IRS-1/growth factor receptor binding protein-2 (Grb-2) was augmented in the IGF-IR(-/-) brown adipocyte cell line. |
| 60 | 11872675 | However, SHC expression and SHC tyrosine phosphorylation and its association with Grb-2 were unaltered in response to insulin in IGF-IR--deficient brown adipocytes. |
| 61 | 11872675 | These cells also showed an enhanced activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase (MEK1/2) and p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) upon insulin stimulation. |
| 62 | 11872675 | In addition, the lack of IGF-IR in brown adipocytes resulted in a higher mitogenic response (DNA synthesis, cell number, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression) to insulin than wild-type cells. |
| 63 | 11872675 | Finally, cells lacking IGF-IR showed a much lower association between IR or IRS-1 and phosphotyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and also a decreased PTP1B activity upon insulin stimulation. |
| 64 | 11872675 | However, PTP1B/Grb-2 association remained unchanged in both cell types, regardless of insulin stimulation. |
| 65 | 11872675 | Data presented here provide strong evidence that IGF-IR--deficient brown adipocytes show an increased insulin sensitivity via IRS-1/Grb-2/MAPK, resulting in an increased mitogenesis in response to insulin. |
| 66 | 11897712 | Immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen within the pancreatic ductal epithelium showed no differences in labeling index between insulin-deficient and control mice, and no change in the number of beta-cells associated with ducts, but the relative size distribution of the islets was altered so that fewer islets under 5,000 microm(2) and more islets greater than 10,000 microm(2) were present in Ins1-/-, Ins2-/- animals. |
| 67 | 11897712 | This was supported by an increase in the number of cells containing immunoreactive proliferating cell nuclear antigen in both islet alpha- and beta-cells at E18.5 in insulin-deficient mice, and a significantly lower incidence of apoptotic cells, as determined by molecular histochemistry using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxy-UTP nick end labeling reaction. |
| 68 | 11897712 | The density of blood vessels within sections of whole pancreas, or within islets, was determined by immunohistochemistry for the endothelial cell marker CD31 and was found to be increased 2-fold in insulin-deficient mice compared with controls at E18.5. |
| 69 | 11897712 | However, no changes were found in the steady-state expression of mRNAs encoding vascular endothelial growth factor, its receptor Flk-1, IGF-I or -II, the IGF-I and insulin receptors, or insulin receptor substrates-1 or -2 in pancreata from Ins1-/-, Ins2-/- mice compared with Ins1-/-, Ins2+/- controls. |
| 70 | 11897712 | Immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen within the pancreatic ductal epithelium showed no differences in labeling index between insulin-deficient and control mice, and no change in the number of beta-cells associated with ducts, but the relative size distribution of the islets was altered so that fewer islets under 5,000 microm(2) and more islets greater than 10,000 microm(2) were present in Ins1-/-, Ins2-/- animals. |
| 71 | 11897712 | This was supported by an increase in the number of cells containing immunoreactive proliferating cell nuclear antigen in both islet alpha- and beta-cells at E18.5 in insulin-deficient mice, and a significantly lower incidence of apoptotic cells, as determined by molecular histochemistry using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxy-UTP nick end labeling reaction. |
| 72 | 11897712 | The density of blood vessels within sections of whole pancreas, or within islets, was determined by immunohistochemistry for the endothelial cell marker CD31 and was found to be increased 2-fold in insulin-deficient mice compared with controls at E18.5. |
| 73 | 11897712 | However, no changes were found in the steady-state expression of mRNAs encoding vascular endothelial growth factor, its receptor Flk-1, IGF-I or -II, the IGF-I and insulin receptors, or insulin receptor substrates-1 or -2 in pancreata from Ins1-/-, Ins2-/- mice compared with Ins1-/-, Ins2+/- controls. |
| 74 | 12012272 | Effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on steroid and cyclic nucleotide secretion, proliferation and ERK-related MAP-kinase in cultured rabbit granulosa cells. |
| 75 | 12012272 | The influence of EGF on steroidogenesis, proliferation, cyclic nucleotides and MAP-kinase in rabbit granulosa cells were studied. |
| 76 | 12012272 | Immunocytochemical study demonstrated an EGF-induced (10 ng/ml) increase in the proportion of cells revealing proliferating cell nuclear antigen (41% vs 24.7% in control, p < 0.01). |
| 77 | 12012272 | EGF (10 ng/ml) increased the proportion of cells with immunoreactivity to ERK-1 (more than two-fold) and ERK-3 (three-fold) members of the MAP-kinase family. |
| 78 | 12012272 | Moreover, EGF induced the translocation of ERK-1 to the nucleus, whilst preferentially cytoplasmic localization of ERK-3 was not changed after EGF addition. |
| 79 | 12012272 | This can indicate regulation of ERK-1 and -3 by EGF, as well as differential patterns of ERK-1 and ERK-3 expression in response to EGF in cultured granulosa cells. - These results indicate that EGF can be a stimulator of proliferation, steroidogenesis and cyclic nucleotide release by rabbit granulosa cells. |
| 80 | 12012272 | Stimulation of cAMP and cGMP release, and activation of ERK-related MAP kinase in granulosa cells after EGF addition indicates the involvement of these intracellular messengers in mediating the EGF action on the ovary. |
| 81 | 12581656 | Expression of Y-family polymerases is often induced by DNA damage, and their recruitment to the replication fork is mediated by beta-clamp, clamp loader, single-strand-DNA-binding protein and RecA in Escherichia coli, and by ubiquitin-modified proliferating cell nuclear antigen in yeast. |
| 82 | 12688639 | Pancreatic sections were fixed in Bouin's solution and evaluated using immunohistochemistry and image analysis by staining with antibodies for islet hormones: insulin, glucagon; cell proliferation markers: PCNA, BrdU; markers of islet neogenesis: PDX-1, cytokeratin 20; apoptosis was assessed by morphological changes and TUNEL staining. |
| 83 | 12958197 | S-phase DNA synthesis and PCNA immunohistochemical staining after injury showed early and robust tissue repair in WT-DB mice, but not in the PPAR-alpha-/--DB mice. |
| 84 | 14562608 | Double-immunostaining for insulin and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) revealed that elevation of the percentage of insulin and PCNA double-positive cells against insulin-positive cells was seen in the islets of PB-treated diabetic hamsters, but the difference was not significant compared with untreated diabetic hamsters (p = 0.07). |
| 85 | 14562608 | In semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of two genes, Reg (Regenerating gene) and INGAP (islet neogenesis associated protein), in the diabetic APA hamsters was significantly increased compared to the control groups in both diabetic phases. |
| 86 | 14562608 | These data suggest that PB treatment in SZ-injected diabetic hamsters partially restored beta-cell function through acting as an antioxidant and induced higher expression of Reg and INGAP genes in the pancreas of hamsters. |
| 87 | 14566971 | Age-related differences in MAP kinase activity in VSMC in response to glucose or TNF-alpha. |
| 88 | 14566971 | Activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding to DNA increased more in VSMC from old versus young rats (P < 0.02) and was related to increased expression of its components, c-Fos, Fra-1, and JunD. |
| 89 | 14566971 | The relationship to upstream signals, i.e., activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), was studied using antibodies to total and phosphorylated forms of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38. |
| 90 | 14566971 | High glucose and TNF-alpha increased ERK phosphorylation more in old (P < 0.05); whereas only TNF-alpha induced JNK activation in young (P < 0.04). |
| 91 | 14566971 | PD98059, a MEK inhibitor, attenuated AP-1 activation, lowered c-Fos and Fra-1 protein levels and reduced cell number and cells positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen in old. |
| 92 | 14633663 | The proliferating cell nuclear antigen index and the expression of G(1) cyclins were also reduced in the pre-neoplastic foci in the IFN-treated group. |
| 93 | 14633663 | The expression of p21, which is an inhibitor of cyclin-kinase complexes was higher in the foci of the IFN-treated group, while p53 expression was not altered in this group, compared with the control group. |
| 94 | 14633663 | In conclusion, it was shown that IFN-alpha directly prevented and delayed hepatocarcinogenesis through the suppression of pre-neoplastic cell proliferation and that it may partially depend on p21 induction through a p53-independent pathway. |
| 95 | 15031777 | The role of oxytocin, protein kinase A, and ERK-related MAP-kinase in the control of porcine ovarian follicle functions. |
| 96 | 15031777 | The aim of our in vitro experiments was to study the role of oxytocin (OT), cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERKs MAP-kinase) in the control of ovarian cell functions as well as the role of PKA and MAPK in mediating OT effects on these processes. |
| 97 | 15031777 | The whole porcine ovarian follicles were cultured in the presence or absence of OT (1, 10, 100 ng/ml), PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS (10 nM), MAP-kinase inhibitor PD98059 (1 microg/ml), or their combination. |
| 98 | 15031777 | The release of prostaglandins F (PGF) and E (PGE) were determined by RIA, PKA (alpha-cat subunit), the proliferation-associated peptide PCNA and ERK-1, -2 expression in cell lyzates were analysed by Western-blotting. |
| 99 | 15031777 | OT stimulated the release of PGF and PGE, and accumulation of PKA, ERK-1/-2, and PCNA in cell lysate. |
| 100 | 15031777 | PD98059 decreased the basal PGF and PGE output, as well as reduced both ERK-1 and ERK-2 accumulation in cell lysates. |
| 101 | 15031777 | Rp-cAMPS prevented the OT-induced stimulation of PKA, ERK-1, ERK-2, PGF, and PGE, PD98059 did so for PKA, PGF, and PGE. |
| 102 | 15031777 | The role of oxytocin, protein kinase A, and ERK-related MAP-kinase in the control of porcine ovarian follicle functions. |
| 103 | 15031777 | The aim of our in vitro experiments was to study the role of oxytocin (OT), cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERKs MAP-kinase) in the control of ovarian cell functions as well as the role of PKA and MAPK in mediating OT effects on these processes. |
| 104 | 15031777 | The whole porcine ovarian follicles were cultured in the presence or absence of OT (1, 10, 100 ng/ml), PKA inhibitor Rp-cAMPS (10 nM), MAP-kinase inhibitor PD98059 (1 microg/ml), or their combination. |
| 105 | 15031777 | The release of prostaglandins F (PGF) and E (PGE) were determined by RIA, PKA (alpha-cat subunit), the proliferation-associated peptide PCNA and ERK-1, -2 expression in cell lyzates were analysed by Western-blotting. |
| 106 | 15031777 | OT stimulated the release of PGF and PGE, and accumulation of PKA, ERK-1/-2, and PCNA in cell lysate. |
| 107 | 15031777 | PD98059 decreased the basal PGF and PGE output, as well as reduced both ERK-1 and ERK-2 accumulation in cell lysates. |
| 108 | 15031777 | Rp-cAMPS prevented the OT-induced stimulation of PKA, ERK-1, ERK-2, PGF, and PGE, PD98059 did so for PKA, PGF, and PGE. |
| 109 | 15649226 | The distribution patterns of the insulin-positive cells and those of nestin and insulin-like growth factor-1 were similar and their nuclei were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. |
| 110 | 15723965 | Moreover, the compound suppressed high-glucose-induced E2F-DNA binding activity, and the expression of E2F1, E2F2, cyclin A, and PCNA proteins. |
| 111 | 15723965 | These data suggest that the beneficial effects of cilostazol on high-glucose-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs are mediated by the downregulation of E2F activity and expression of its downstream target genes, including E2F1, E2F2, cyclin A, and PCNA. |
| 112 | 15723965 | Moreover, the compound suppressed high-glucose-induced E2F-DNA binding activity, and the expression of E2F1, E2F2, cyclin A, and PCNA proteins. |
| 113 | 15723965 | These data suggest that the beneficial effects of cilostazol on high-glucose-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs are mediated by the downregulation of E2F activity and expression of its downstream target genes, including E2F1, E2F2, cyclin A, and PCNA. |
| 114 | 16125744 | Furthermore, activity of renal cysteine conjugate beta-lyase, the enzyme that bio-activates DCVC, was unaltered in DB mice, undermining the possibility of lower bioactivation of DCVC leading to lower injury. [3H]-thymidine pulse labeling and PCNA analysis indicated an early onset and sustained nephrogenic tissue repair in DCVC-treated DB mice. |
| 115 | 16434572 | By double labeling for either H+-ATPase and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) or for AQP4 and PCNA, we found that proliferation mainly occurred in proximal IMCD cells at day 4 and it increased toward the middle part of the IMCD in response to prolonged Li treatment. |
| 116 | 16434572 | Triple-labeling for H+-ATPase, AQP4, and PCNA showed a subset of cells negative for all three proteins or only positive for PCNA. |
| 117 | 16434572 | By double labeling for either H+-ATPase and proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) or for AQP4 and PCNA, we found that proliferation mainly occurred in proximal IMCD cells at day 4 and it increased toward the middle part of the IMCD in response to prolonged Li treatment. |
| 118 | 16434572 | Triple-labeling for H+-ATPase, AQP4, and PCNA showed a subset of cells negative for all three proteins or only positive for PCNA. |
| 119 | 16753303 | Colocalization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cleaved caspase 3 and GFAP in TUNEL-positive cells increased in diabetic rats. |
| 120 | 16753303 | Changes in GFAP levels paralleled modifications in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), increasing at 1 week of diabetes and decreasing thereafter, and proliferating GFAP-positive cells were decreased in the cerebellum of diabetic rats. |
| 121 | 17177144 | Serum soluble factors induce the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and transforming growth factor-beta signal in osteoblastic cells in the patient with hepatitis C-associated osteosclerosis. |
| 122 | 17177144 | We examined the effects of serum of the HCAO patient on the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-Smad signaling in mouse osteoblastic cells. |
| 123 | 17177144 | The serum from the HCAO patient increased the levels of TGF-beta and Smad3 expression in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, compared with the control subject. |
| 124 | 17177144 | Moreover, the serum from the HCAO patient significantly augmented TGF-beta-induced transcriptional activity with luciferase assay using 3TP-Lux with a Smad3-specific responsive element. |
| 125 | 17177144 | In addition, the serum from the HCAO patient significantly stimulated the MTT intensity, the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, a proliferation marker, and ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells, compared with that from the control subject. |
| 126 | 17261964 | Aged ZSF1 rats had elevated levels of glycosylated hemoglobin; increased renal cortical expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF); glycosuria, hypertension; and proteinuria. 2-ME and 2-EE did not affect obesity or hypertension and had variable effects on glucose homeostasis, yet they attenuated proteinuria; increased renal blood flow and glomerular filtration; and reduced renal cortical expression of PCNA, NFkappaB, and VEGF. |
| 127 | 17460896 | The epithelial cells expressed PDX-1, PCNA, CK-7, CK-19, Nestin, Glut2, and Vimentin, but Insulin was undetected. |
| 128 | 17460896 | The cells expressed CD29, CD44, and CD166, but did not express CD11a, CD14, CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, and CD117. |
| 129 | 17717015 | Moreover, confocal microscopy showed colocalization of insulin and pancreas duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1) in both endocrine and exocrine pancreas. |
| 130 | 17717015 | This increase in insulin-expressing cells was accompanied by increased cell proliferation (observed by proliferating cell nuclear antigen-PCNA immunopositivity) which occurred in a regulated manner since it was associated with increased apoptosis (detected by the TUNEL method). |
| 131 | 17717015 | Furthermore, L-arginine enhanced both nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) immunopositivities. |
| 132 | 18164317 | The CCCS/FGF provided the most efficiently therapeutic effect among various treatments, showing the shortest healing time (14 days in the CCCS/FGF-treated group as compared to 18~21 days in other treatment groups), the quickest tissue collagen generation, the earliest and highest TGF-beta1 expression and dermal cell proliferation (PCNA expression). |
| 133 | 18763577 | To reveal insulin-expressing, proliferating, Treg-cells, iNOS(+)-cells and Bcl-2(+)-cells, the immunohistochemical methods of direct and indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies to insulin, PCNA, CD-25 antigen. |
| 134 | 18763577 | Bcl-2 and iNOS of rat were used. |
| 135 | 18763577 | It was established that NNLA administration to rats with EDM has more pronounced effect in comparison with L-arginine administration, demonstrating an increase in the number of Treg-cells, insulin-expressing and proliferating thymocytes and a decrease in the density of iNOS(+)- and Bcl-2(+)-cells population. |
| 136 | 19076626 | The primary antibodies used were monoclonal antibody to S100, CD1a, CD34, HLA-DR, PCNA, CD45Ro, CD40, and langerin. |
| 137 | 19076626 | Cells CD1a+ and S100+ infiltrated the epidermic and were dispersed over the infiltrates as well as in clusters, and around the vessels. |
| 138 | 19076626 | A considerable number of CD40-expressing cells were restricted to CD1a+ LCH cells. |
| 139 | 19076626 | Histopathologic examination of the lesion evidences a mixture of Langerhans cell histiocytes (CD1a+, S100+, HLADr+, CD207+, CD 40+), lymphocytes (predominantly helper [CD4] CD 45 Ro+), eosinophils, and macrophages. |
| 140 | 19110400 | Vein grafts were harvested at 1 and 4 weeks after surgery for morphological analysis and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis for RAGE and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65. |
| 141 | 19110400 | The expression of RAGE and NF-kappaB p65, the ratio of intima to media area, and the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells were significantly increased in the vein graft. |
| 142 | 19110400 | In diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine, serum AGE level NF-kappaB p65 expression, the ratio of intima to media area, and the percentage of PCNA-positive cells in the vein graft were all significantly decreased. |
| 143 | 19110400 | Vein grafts were harvested at 1 and 4 weeks after surgery for morphological analysis and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis for RAGE and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) p65. |
| 144 | 19110400 | The expression of RAGE and NF-kappaB p65, the ratio of intima to media area, and the percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells were significantly increased in the vein graft. |
| 145 | 19110400 | In diabetic rats treated with aminoguanidine, serum AGE level NF-kappaB p65 expression, the ratio of intima to media area, and the percentage of PCNA-positive cells in the vein graft were all significantly decreased. |
| 146 | 19458120 | I/R significantly increased interstitial extension, collagen deposition, apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells, nitrotyrosine expression, hydrogen peroxide production, and lipid peroxidation and decreased copper-zinc SOD, manganese SOD, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in the kidneys 16 days after the procedure. |
| 147 | 19458120 | In addition, MnTMPyP administration significantly attenuated the increases of alpha-smooth muscle actin, PCNA, S100A4, CD68, and heat shock protein 47 expression following I/R. |
| 148 | 20041964 | Immunocytochemical methods for the localization of cell proliferation antigen (PCNA), androgen receptor (AR) and p63 protein were carried out, and apoptotic cells were identified by TUNEL essay. |
| 149 | 20041964 | Insulin treatment was effective in preventing testosterone decrease, p63-positive cell increase and apoptotic rates, but did not interfere in cell proliferation. |
| 150 | 20506299 | PTP1B deficiency enhances liver growth during suckling by increasing the expression of insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 151 | 20506299 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a negative regulator of insulin and tyrosine kinase growth factor signaling. |
| 152 | 20506299 | We have recently demonstrated that PTP1B deficiency increases GLUT2/insulin receptor (IR) A complexes and glucose uptake in suckling, but not adult, primary hepatocytes. |
| 153 | 20506299 | Conversely, the activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate cycle (PPC) which provides substrates for DNA synthesis, was enhanced in the liver of PTP1B(-/-) animals. |
| 154 | 20506299 | At the molecular level, STAT 5B phosphorylation, IGF-I mRNA, and protein levels as well as IGF-IR tyrosine phosphorylation were increased in the livers of PTP1B-deficient neonates. |
| 155 | 20506299 | The effects of PTP1B deficiency on G6PD activity, STAT 5B/IGF-I/IGF-IR axis, PCNA expression and liver growth during suckling were maintained by transferring PTP1B(-/-) embryos (PTP1B(-/-T)) to a wild-type female. |
| 156 | 21178965 | Established methods to detect cell division include direct visualization by continuous microscopy in cell culture, dilution of vital dyes such as carboxyfluorescein di-aetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE), immuno-detection of mitogenic antigens such as ki67 or PCNA, and thymidine analogues. |
| 157 | 21330660 | Phosphorylation of EGFR, AKT, ERK, and BAD was determined by Western blot analysis. |
| 158 | 21330660 | In the DM rat corneas, epithelial cells demonstrated diminished responses to wounding, as assessed by the phosphorylation of EGFR and its downstream signaling molecules, AKT and ERK. |
| 159 | 21330660 | Consistent with impaired AKT activity, the number of PCNA-stained cells was also greatly reduced in the healing corneas of the diabetic rats. |
| 160 | 21550078 | Plasma and pancreatic triglycerides, free fatty acids, and insulin were measured; and pancreatic β-cell cell apoptosis and proliferation were detected by a propidium iodide cell death assay and immunofluorescence for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. |
| 161 | 21641072 | The results showed that aFGF could significantly increase capillaries and fibroblast amounts of ulcer tissues, enhance the expression of TGF-β and PCNA proliferation proteins, and thus improved diabetic ulcer tissues. |
| 162 | 21641072 | The preliminary mechanism that aFGF helps to promote healing of diabetic ulcer is possibly associated with that aFGF stimulated ulcer skins to secrete TGF-β and PCNA proteins and promoted proliferation of capillaries and fibroblasts. |
| 163 | 21641072 | The results showed that aFGF could significantly increase capillaries and fibroblast amounts of ulcer tissues, enhance the expression of TGF-β and PCNA proliferation proteins, and thus improved diabetic ulcer tissues. |
| 164 | 21641072 | The preliminary mechanism that aFGF helps to promote healing of diabetic ulcer is possibly associated with that aFGF stimulated ulcer skins to secrete TGF-β and PCNA proteins and promoted proliferation of capillaries and fibroblasts. |
| 165 | 21803027 | VCN-2 inhibited EGFR/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway along with decreasing c-Myc, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, CDK4, PCNA and hTERT in vitro. |
| 166 | 21803027 | In this regard, VCN-2 in combination with DTL synergistically inhibited the growth of prostate tumors in vivo with a greater decrease in the levels of AR, pIGF1R, pAkt, PCNA, cyclin D1, Ki67, CD31, and increase in E-cadherin. |
| 167 | 21803027 | VCN-2 inhibited EGFR/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K pathway along with decreasing c-Myc, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, CDK4, PCNA and hTERT in vitro. |
| 168 | 21803027 | In this regard, VCN-2 in combination with DTL synergistically inhibited the growth of prostate tumors in vivo with a greater decrease in the levels of AR, pIGF1R, pAkt, PCNA, cyclin D1, Ki67, CD31, and increase in E-cadherin. |
| 169 | 22238605 | Depletion of B2 but not B1a B cells in BAFF receptor-deficient ApoE mice attenuates atherosclerosis by potently ameliorating arterial inflammation. |
| 170 | 22238605 | Here, we examined the development of atherosclerosis in BAFF-R deficient ApoE(-/-) mice because B2 cells but not B1a cells are selectively depleted in BAFF-R deficient mice. |
| 171 | 22238605 | We fed BAFF-R(-/-) ApoE(-/-) (BaffR.ApoE DKO) and BAFF-R(+/+)ApoE(-/-) (ApoE KO) mice a high fat diet (HFD) for 8-weeks. |
| 172 | 22238605 | BAFF-R deficiency in ApoE(-/-) mice was also associated with a reduced expression of VCAM-1 and fewer macrophages, dendritic cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltrates and PCNA+ cells in lesions. |
| 173 | 22745068 | Total glucosides of paeony regulates JAK2/STAT3 activation and macrophage proliferation in diabetic rat kidneys. |
| 174 | 22745068 | Herein, we investigated the ability of TGP to modulate JAK2/STAT3 activation and macrophage proliferation in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. |
| 175 | 22745068 | Immunohistochemistry and double immunohistochemistry were used to identify p-STAT3, ED-1, PCNA/ED-1, and p-STAT3/ED-1-positive (+) cells. |
| 176 | 22745068 | These results show that TGP significantly inhibited diabetic nephropathy progression and suggest that these protective effects are associated with the ability of TGP to inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 pathway and macrophage proliferation and action. |
| 177 | 22752619 | Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activators, and insulin sensitizers represent drugs used to treat hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. |
| 178 | 22752619 | The diminished bone regeneration in the DO model in rosiglitazone-treated animals was associated with a significant decrease in cell proliferation measured by the number of cells expressing proliferating cell nuclear antigen and neovascularization measured by both the number of vascular sinusoids and the number of cells producing proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor at the DO site. |
| 179 | 22763828 | Expression of PCNA, ICAM-1, and vimentin in lens epithelial cells of cataract patients with and without type 2 diabetes. |
| 180 | 23223023 | Proliferating cell nuclear antigen content and signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), PPARγ, cyclin D1, and p21(Waf) expression were evaluated. |
| 181 | 23223023 | This event did not prevent the formation of a STAT5/PPARγ transcriptional complex but was crucial for gene targeting, as p21(Waf) gene promoter, unlike cyclin D1, was the STAT5/PPARγ transcriptional target. |
| 182 | 23566555 | Regulation of oxidative stress and somatostatin, cholecystokinin, apelin gene expressions by ghrelin in stomach of newborn diabetic rats. |
| 183 | 23566555 | The gene expressions of: somatostatin, cholecystokinin, apelin and the altered active caspase-3, active caspase-8, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, were investigated in the pyloric region of the stomach and antioxidant parameters were measured in all the stomach. |
| 184 | 23566555 | Exogenous ghrelin caused an increased activities of stomach catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic rats. |
| 185 | 23566555 | Numbers of somatostatin, cholecystokinin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactive cells decreased in the diabetic+ghrelin group compared to the diabetic group. |
| 186 | 23566555 | Apelin mRNA expressions were remarkably less in the diabetic+ghrelin rats than in diabetic rats. |
| 187 | 23566555 | Regulation of oxidative stress and somatostatin, cholecystokinin, apelin gene expressions by ghrelin in stomach of newborn diabetic rats. |
| 188 | 23566555 | The gene expressions of: somatostatin, cholecystokinin, apelin and the altered active caspase-3, active caspase-8, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, were investigated in the pyloric region of the stomach and antioxidant parameters were measured in all the stomach. |
| 189 | 23566555 | Exogenous ghrelin caused an increased activities of stomach catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in diabetic rats. |
| 190 | 23566555 | Numbers of somatostatin, cholecystokinin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunoreactive cells decreased in the diabetic+ghrelin group compared to the diabetic group. |
| 191 | 23566555 | Apelin mRNA expressions were remarkably less in the diabetic+ghrelin rats than in diabetic rats. |
| 192 | 23734516 | It is established that the studied tetrapeptide increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2, MMP9, serotonin, glycoprotein CD79alpha, antiapoptotic protein Mcl1, proliferation markers PCNA and Ki67 and decreases the expression of proapoptotic protein p53 in aged pancreatic cell cultures. |
| 193 | 23825225 | Previously, exchange protein directly activated by cAMP 2 (Epac2) and PKA were known to play a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by pancreatic β cells. |
| 194 | 23825225 | Interestingly, Epac1(-/-) mice also showed metabolic defects, including increased respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and plasma triglyceride (TG), and more severe diet-induced obesity with insulin resistance, which may contributed to β-cell dysfunction. |
| 195 | 23825225 | However, islets differentiated from Epac1(-/-) ES cells showed insulin secretion defect, reduced Glut2 and PDX-1 expression, and abolished GLP-1-stimulated PCNA induction, suggesting a role of Epac1 in β-cell function. |
| 196 | 23923076 | Pancreases were double immuno-labeled to assess the islet morphology, insulin expression, expression of proliferation gene PCNA and anti-apoptosis gene bcl-2. |
| 197 | 23963898 | Immunohistochemical distribution of cell cycle proteins p27, p57, cyclin D3, PCNA and Ki67 in normal and diabetic human placentas. |
| 198 | 23963898 | Therefore in this study, the immunohistochemical localizations of cell cycle related proteins like PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 in the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms of normal and diabetic placentas were investigated. |
| 199 | 23963898 | Placental samples were stained via immunohistochemistry with PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 antibodies and were examined by light microscopy. |
| 200 | 23963898 | When compared to control placentas, PCNA, Ki67 and cyclin D3 staining intensities significantly increased in villous parts of diabetes group. |
| 201 | 23963898 | Moreover, Ki67 and cyclin D3 stainings also significantly increased in basal plates and chorionic plate respectively. |
| 202 | 23963898 | In chorionic plates, p27 and p57 staining intensities significantly decreased in diabetic group. p57 staining also significantly decreased in villous parts of diabetic placentas. |
| 203 | 23963898 | Immunohistochemical distribution of cell cycle proteins p27, p57, cyclin D3, PCNA and Ki67 in normal and diabetic human placentas. |
| 204 | 23963898 | Therefore in this study, the immunohistochemical localizations of cell cycle related proteins like PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 in the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms of normal and diabetic placentas were investigated. |
| 205 | 23963898 | Placental samples were stained via immunohistochemistry with PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 antibodies and were examined by light microscopy. |
| 206 | 23963898 | When compared to control placentas, PCNA, Ki67 and cyclin D3 staining intensities significantly increased in villous parts of diabetes group. |
| 207 | 23963898 | Moreover, Ki67 and cyclin D3 stainings also significantly increased in basal plates and chorionic plate respectively. |
| 208 | 23963898 | In chorionic plates, p27 and p57 staining intensities significantly decreased in diabetic group. p57 staining also significantly decreased in villous parts of diabetic placentas. |
| 209 | 23963898 | Immunohistochemical distribution of cell cycle proteins p27, p57, cyclin D3, PCNA and Ki67 in normal and diabetic human placentas. |
| 210 | 23963898 | Therefore in this study, the immunohistochemical localizations of cell cycle related proteins like PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 in the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms of normal and diabetic placentas were investigated. |
| 211 | 23963898 | Placental samples were stained via immunohistochemistry with PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 antibodies and were examined by light microscopy. |
| 212 | 23963898 | When compared to control placentas, PCNA, Ki67 and cyclin D3 staining intensities significantly increased in villous parts of diabetes group. |
| 213 | 23963898 | Moreover, Ki67 and cyclin D3 stainings also significantly increased in basal plates and chorionic plate respectively. |
| 214 | 23963898 | In chorionic plates, p27 and p57 staining intensities significantly decreased in diabetic group. p57 staining also significantly decreased in villous parts of diabetic placentas. |
| 215 | 23963898 | Immunohistochemical distribution of cell cycle proteins p27, p57, cyclin D3, PCNA and Ki67 in normal and diabetic human placentas. |
| 216 | 23963898 | Therefore in this study, the immunohistochemical localizations of cell cycle related proteins like PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 in the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis mechanisms of normal and diabetic placentas were investigated. |
| 217 | 23963898 | Placental samples were stained via immunohistochemistry with PCNA, Ki67, cyclin D3, p27 and p57 antibodies and were examined by light microscopy. |
| 218 | 23963898 | When compared to control placentas, PCNA, Ki67 and cyclin D3 staining intensities significantly increased in villous parts of diabetes group. |
| 219 | 23963898 | Moreover, Ki67 and cyclin D3 stainings also significantly increased in basal plates and chorionic plate respectively. |
| 220 | 23963898 | In chorionic plates, p27 and p57 staining intensities significantly decreased in diabetic group. p57 staining also significantly decreased in villous parts of diabetic placentas. |
| 221 | 15280443 | Stimulation of subcultured CSMC with UTP, ITP, or ATP induced a concentration-dependent increase in cellular DNA content, protein synthesis, cell number, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, indicating a mitogenic role for P2Y(2) receptors. |
| 222 | 15280443 | In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that P2Y(2) receptor mRNA was dramatically increased in cells of organ-cultured arteries compared with freshly harvested arteries, whereas the P2Y(6) receptor mRNA level was unchanged, and the P2Y(4) receptor mRNA was undetectable. |