Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: PF4V1

Gene name: platelet factor 4 variant 1

HGNC ID: 8862

Synonyms: SCYB4V1, CXCL4V1, CXCL4L1

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	A2M	1 hits
2	APOB	1 hits
3	C20orf181	1 hits
4	COL18A1	1 hits
5	COL1A1	1 hits
6	F2	1 hits
7	FGF1	1 hits
8	HSD11B1	1 hits
9	IL8	1 hits
10	INS	1 hits
11	JPH3	1 hits
12	PF4	1 hits
13	PLAT	1 hits
14	PPBP	1 hits
15	SERPINC1	1 hits
16	SERPINE1	1 hits
17	SERPINF2	1 hits
18	THBS1	1 hits
19	VEGFA	1 hits
20	VWF	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	95543	[Clinical significance of the radioimmunological determination of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4].
2	95543	Recently new radioimmunoassay methods have been established to measure plasma concentrations of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), platelet release products which are set free when platelets aggregate.
3	95543	Plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 were investigated in disorders with increased thromboembolic risk.
4	95543	Moderately increased beta-TG and PF4 levels were observed in patients with peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, and diabetes mellitus.
5	95543	These data indicate, that plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 are useful parameters for the evaluation of the "in vivo" platelet activity.
6	95543	[Clinical significance of the radioimmunological determination of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4].
7	95543	Recently new radioimmunoassay methods have been established to measure plasma concentrations of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), platelet release products which are set free when platelets aggregate.
8	95543	Plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 were investigated in disorders with increased thromboembolic risk.
9	95543	Moderately increased beta-TG and PF4 levels were observed in patients with peripheral vascular disease, coronary artery disease, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, multiple myeloma, and diabetes mellitus.
10	95543	These data indicate, that plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4 are useful parameters for the evaluation of the "in vivo" platelet activity.
11	1286547	In addition, plasma levels of platelet factor 4 and aggregation responses to collagen and ADP were determined.
12	1484500	Platelet function in diabetic retinopathy: levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4.
13	1484500	This article reports plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 as measures of in vivo platelet activity in diabetic and control groups.
14	1484500	Both beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls (p < 0.01).
15	1484500	Platelet function in diabetic retinopathy: levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4.
16	1484500	This article reports plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 as measures of in vivo platelet activity in diabetic and control groups.
17	1484500	Both beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls (p < 0.01).
18	1484500	Platelet function in diabetic retinopathy: levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4.
19	1484500	This article reports plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 as measures of in vivo platelet activity in diabetic and control groups.
20	1484500	Both beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls (p < 0.01).
21	1794271	Diabetes is thus associated with increased platelet adhesiveness, increased platelet aggregation with hypersensitivity to proaggregants, increased plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 as an expression of platelet hyperactivity, increased levels of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2), and reduced levels of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA).
22	1830258	The effects of diet and insulin therapy on coagulation factor VII, blood viscosity, and platelet release proteins in diabetic patients with secondary sulphonylurea failure.
23	1830258	Coagulation factors VIIc and VIIIc, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, von Willebrand factor, and euglobulin clot lysis time were measured at baseline, after 3 months intensified dietary therapy and after 4 months insulin therapy.
24	1830258	The only haemorheological changes with insulin were increased levels of the platelet release proteins beta-thromboglobulin (37 (3) vs 28 (2) micrograms l-1, p less than 0.01) and platelet factor 4 (median 7.5 (range 3.0-18.0) vs 4.5 (2.0-10.5) micrograms l-1, p less than 0.01).
25	1830258	The effects of diet and insulin therapy on coagulation factor VII, blood viscosity, and platelet release proteins in diabetic patients with secondary sulphonylurea failure.
26	1830258	Coagulation factors VIIc and VIIIc, fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, von Willebrand factor, and euglobulin clot lysis time were measured at baseline, after 3 months intensified dietary therapy and after 4 months insulin therapy.
27	1830258	The only haemorheological changes with insulin were increased levels of the platelet release proteins beta-thromboglobulin (37 (3) vs 28 (2) micrograms l-1, p less than 0.01) and platelet factor 4 (median 7.5 (range 3.0-18.0) vs 4.5 (2.0-10.5) micrograms l-1, p less than 0.01).
28	2140812	Both platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin proved to be significantly (p less than or equal to 0.05) elevated in comparison with healthy controls: 15.8 (sdf 2)/77.6 (sdf 1.9) vs. 8.9 (sdf 1.6)/45.1 (sdf 2) ng/ml (sdf = standard deviation factor).
29	2408317	We studied beta-thromboglobulin (BTG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) plasma levels in 90 diabetic subjects; we found high plasma values of these proteins only in patients with complications.
30	2435630	Platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) in diabetes mellitus.
31	2435630	Several investigators have reported an altered platelet function in diabetes mellitus as measured by elevated levels of platelet specific proteins platelet factor 4 (PF4) and B-thromboglobulin (BTG).
32	2435630	We evaluated PF4, BTG and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) as measured 2.5 minutes after a bolus injection of 5,000 I.U. of a commercial mucous heparin.
33	2435630	Platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) in diabetes mellitus.
34	2435630	Several investigators have reported an altered platelet function in diabetes mellitus as measured by elevated levels of platelet specific proteins platelet factor 4 (PF4) and B-thromboglobulin (BTG).
35	2435630	We evaluated PF4, BTG and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) as measured 2.5 minutes after a bolus injection of 5,000 I.U. of a commercial mucous heparin.
36	2435630	Platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) in diabetes mellitus.
37	2435630	Several investigators have reported an altered platelet function in diabetes mellitus as measured by elevated levels of platelet specific proteins platelet factor 4 (PF4) and B-thromboglobulin (BTG).
38	2435630	We evaluated PF4, BTG and heparin released platelet factor 4 (HR-PF4) as measured 2.5 minutes after a bolus injection of 5,000 I.U. of a commercial mucous heparin.
39	2456969	Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF 4) were measured as indicators of platelet alpha granule secretion. beta-TG and PF 4 levels were increased following cerebral ischemia.
40	2677832	Our patients demonstrated increased beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and fibrinogen compared with age-matched controls.
41	2677832	Multiple regression analyses of age, sex, smoking, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and baseline high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2, HDL3, LDL, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and fibrinogen identified coronary artery disease and elevated LDL and fibrinogen as the only independent variables significantly associated with the progressing group.
42	2677832	Our patients demonstrated increased beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and fibrinogen compared with age-matched controls.
43	2677832	Multiple regression analyses of age, sex, smoking, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and baseline high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2, HDL3, LDL, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and fibrinogen identified coronary artery disease and elevated LDL and fibrinogen as the only independent variables significantly associated with the progressing group.
44	2681204	The secondary structure of IL-8 is similar to that found in the crystal structure of the sequence related protein platelet factor 4.
45	2938425	The mean plasma values of beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and TXB2 were significantly lower in the patients than in the controls.
46	2941327	Sixteen healthy male subjects received a 60-min intravenous infusion of human regular insulin at the rate of 64 mU . m-2 . min-1: throughout 150 min, we serially measured plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and counterregulatory hormones; platelet sensitivity to ADP, thrombin and platelet-activating factor; plasma concentrations of platelet markers for specific proteins of in vivo release reaction (beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4).
47	2946509	Specific thromboxane synthetase inhibition is associated with a significant fall in abnormal albumin excretion rate in insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDs).
48	2946509	Dilute whole blood clot lysis time was, however, increased in the drug group (7.1 +/- 1.6 vs 6.25 +/- 2.4 hr, p less than 0.05) and no effect was observed in either group on in vivo parameters of platelet aggregation (beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and platelet micro-aggregates).
49	2951159	Concentrations of the platelet-specific proteins, platelet factor 4 (PF4) and beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) were elevated and fell towards normal with treatment.
50	2951219	There was evidence of increased in vivo platelet aggregation in the diabetic group v controls shown by raised values of beta-thromboglobulin (61 +/- 42, mean +/- SD, v 18 +/- 14 micrograms/ml, p less than 0.001), platelet factor 4 (62 +/- 76 v 14 +/- 11 micrograms/ml, p less than 0.01), and platelet micro-aggregates (20 +/- 16 v 12 +/- 11%, p less than 0.01).
51	2953658	Serum levels of apolipoprotein B were measured, and investigations of the platelet function were carried out in 32 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and in 34 healthy controls similar in age.
52	2953658	Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were raised and, in the presence of N-ethyl maleimide, platelets from diabetic patients produced significantly more malondialdehyde than those from normal controls.
53	2967258	Plasma fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic retinopathy.
54	2967258	We examined plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic patients.
55	2967258	Among diabetic patients (n = 33) plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher than in controls (n = 41).
56	2967258	Plasma fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic retinopathy.
57	2967258	We examined plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic patients.
58	2967258	Among diabetic patients (n = 33) plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher than in controls (n = 41).
59	2967258	Plasma fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic retinopathy.
60	2967258	We examined plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4 in diabetic patients.
61	2967258	Among diabetic patients (n = 33) plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher than in controls (n = 41).
62	3065111	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 decreased, especially in diabetic patients.
63	3177228	Platelet function was studied by measuring adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation and the platelet specific proteins, beta thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4.
64	3304967	Studies in animals and man have demonstrated that ticlopidine is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and variably inhibits aggregation due to collagen, adrenaline (epinephrine), arachidonic acid, thrombin, and platelet activating factor.
65	3304967	Ticlopidine also inhibits the release reaction of platelets, prolongs bleeding time, reduces plasma levels of platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin in patients in whom these proteins are elevated, and may also inhibit platelet adhesion, increase red cell filtrability and decrease whole blood viscosity.
66	3511536	Measurable changes in platelets that are associated with the clinical complications of atherosclerosis include shortened survival, release of granule contents (platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, thrombospondin), formation of thromboxanes, and decreased buoyant density.
67	5483960	Platelet factor 4(PF4) release during human platelet aggregation in diabetic patients.
68	6084323	Detection of enhanced in vivo platelet alpha-granule release in different patient groups--comparison of beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin assays.
69	6084323	During the platelet release reaction beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG), platelet factor 4 (PF4) and thrombospondin (TSP) are released from the platelet into plasma and assays of these proteins can be used to monitor in vivo platelet activation.
70	6084323	We have assessed their relative merits as markers of the in vivo platelet alpha-granule release reaction in a number of patient groups which have previously been shown to have elevated plasma beta TG and/or PF4 levels.
71	6084323	Under these circumstances plasma beta TG, but not PF4 or TSP, levels are elevated because of impaired renal catabolism, and the presence of a heparin-releasable reservoir of PF4 on the endothelium complicates the use of the PF4 assay.
72	6084323	Detection of enhanced in vivo platelet alpha-granule release in different patient groups--comparison of beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin assays.
73	6084323	During the platelet release reaction beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG), platelet factor 4 (PF4) and thrombospondin (TSP) are released from the platelet into plasma and assays of these proteins can be used to monitor in vivo platelet activation.
74	6084323	We have assessed their relative merits as markers of the in vivo platelet alpha-granule release reaction in a number of patient groups which have previously been shown to have elevated plasma beta TG and/or PF4 levels.
75	6084323	Under these circumstances plasma beta TG, but not PF4 or TSP, levels are elevated because of impaired renal catabolism, and the presence of a heparin-releasable reservoir of PF4 on the endothelium complicates the use of the PF4 assay.
76	6167074	Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin are the most widely studied of these proteins, and both can be quantitated by radioimmunoassay.
77	6170515	Mean levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were highly significantly elevated in diabetes compared to controls (72.6 v. 36.3 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; 48.5 v. 16.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; respectively) as was malondialdehyde formation (12.4 v. 8.1 nmol/10(9) platelets, P less than 0.0005).
78	6170515	However, those diabetics without clinical evidence of vascular disease had levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 significantly higher than controls. beta-Thromboglobulin did not correlate with glycosylated haemoglobin but did correlate significantly with individual lipid and lipoprotein levels (beta-thromboglobulin v. total triglyceride, P less than 0.029; v.
79	6170515	Mean levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were highly significantly elevated in diabetes compared to controls (72.6 v. 36.3 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; 48.5 v. 16.5 ng/ml, P less than 0.0005; respectively) as was malondialdehyde formation (12.4 v. 8.1 nmol/10(9) platelets, P less than 0.0005).
80	6170515	However, those diabetics without clinical evidence of vascular disease had levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 significantly higher than controls. beta-Thromboglobulin did not correlate with glycosylated haemoglobin but did correlate significantly with individual lipid and lipoprotein levels (beta-thromboglobulin v. total triglyceride, P less than 0.029; v.
81	6183173	Plasma beta thromboglobulin (BTG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) levels were measured and correlated with plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns in 20 insulin-independent diabetics, in 10 insulin-dependent diabetics and in 30 healthy controls matched to patients as to age, sex and weight.
82	6183173	Increased plasma BTG and PF4 levels both in insulin-dependent and in insulin-independent diabetics indicate enhanced in vivo platelet activation and release reaction in these patients.
83	6183173	A marked correlation between plasma PF4 values and plasma glucose levels was shown in insulin-dependent diabetics only whereas a significant positive correlation with plasma triglycerides and plasma triglyceride VLDL and a negative correlation with cholesterol-HDL was shown in insulin-independent diabetics.
84	6186271	beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels in retinal vein occlusion.
85	6186271	Mean levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in both the group with central and the group with branch retinal vein occlusion than in the control group.
86	6186271	beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels in retinal vein occlusion.
87	6186271	Mean levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in both the group with central and the group with branch retinal vein occlusion than in the control group.
88	6202721	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, fibrinogen, fibrinopeptide A, antithrombin III, factor VIII related antigen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, platelet count, and total glycosylated haemoglobin were measured in three well matched groups of subjects: non-diabetic controls, diabetics without retinopathy, and diabetics with proliferative retinopathy. beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 concentrations were significantly higher in the diabetics with retinopathy than in the controls and platelet factor 4 was also increased in the diabetics without retinopathy compared with controls.
89	6202721	Fibrinopeptide A concentration correlated with both beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in each of the three groups.
90	6202721	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, fibrinogen, fibrinopeptide A, antithrombin III, factor VIII related antigen, alpha 2-macroglobulin, platelet count, and total glycosylated haemoglobin were measured in three well matched groups of subjects: non-diabetic controls, diabetics without retinopathy, and diabetics with proliferative retinopathy. beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 concentrations were significantly higher in the diabetics with retinopathy than in the controls and platelet factor 4 was also increased in the diabetics without retinopathy compared with controls.
91	6202721	Fibrinopeptide A concentration correlated with both beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in each of the three groups.
92	6203689	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, fibrinopeptide A, and other hemostatic functions during improved, short-term glycemic control in diabetes mellitus.
93	6203689	To determine the effect of improved, short-term glycemic control on various functions of hemostasis in insulin-dependent diabetes, we measured changes in plasma fibrinogen, fibrinopeptide A (FPA), functional antithrombin III (AT-III), factor VIII:ristocetin cofactor ( VIIIRCoF ), beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), platelet factor 4 (PF4), and platelet aggregation responses to ADP and collagen in 12 patients with low or undetectable stimulated (postprandial) serum C-peptide levels during 4-8 wk (median, 6 wk) of treatment with constant subcutaneous insulin infusion.
94	6203689	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, fibrinopeptide A, and other hemostatic functions during improved, short-term glycemic control in diabetes mellitus.
95	6203689	To determine the effect of improved, short-term glycemic control on various functions of hemostasis in insulin-dependent diabetes, we measured changes in plasma fibrinogen, fibrinopeptide A (FPA), functional antithrombin III (AT-III), factor VIII:ristocetin cofactor ( VIIIRCoF ), beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), platelet factor 4 (PF4), and platelet aggregation responses to ADP and collagen in 12 patients with low or undetectable stimulated (postprandial) serum C-peptide levels during 4-8 wk (median, 6 wk) of treatment with constant subcutaneous insulin infusion.
96	6223403	Platelets separated on linear isosmolar Percoll gradients showed an increase in intraplatelet beta TG content and concentration and a slight increase in volume of the lightest platelets in the insulin treated diabetics.
97	6223403	Plasma platelet factor 4 and antithrombin III concentrations were normal and plasma beta TG levels were elevated only in those patients with renal insufficiency.
98	6238882	Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were raised in parallel in the diabetic patients and correlated with the increased production of thromboxane B2 by the platelets from the same patients.
99	6241750	Platelet aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in diabetes mellitus and in patients with vasculopathy.
100	6241750	We have studied 155 subjects, 48 normals, 36 diabetics without complications, 44 with complications and 27 patients with macroangiopathy. beta-Thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are elevated in the patients groups.
101	6241750	Using the beta-TG, PF4 and aggregation values the discriminant analysis allows a distinction of several subgroups especially with nephropathy and neuropathy (Table 6).
102	6241750	Platelet aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in diabetes mellitus and in patients with vasculopathy.
103	6241750	We have studied 155 subjects, 48 normals, 36 diabetics without complications, 44 with complications and 27 patients with macroangiopathy. beta-Thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) are elevated in the patients groups.
104	6241750	Using the beta-TG, PF4 and aggregation values the discriminant analysis allows a distinction of several subgroups especially with nephropathy and neuropathy (Table 6).
105	6495255	Intra-platelet platelet factor 4 (IP.PF4) and the heparin-mobilisable pool of PF4 in health and atherosclerosis.
106	6495255	The intraplatelet level of platelet factor 4 (PF4) was significantly decreased in the arteriopaths and was lower in the diabetics when compared with controls.
107	6495255	Intra-platelet platelet factor 4 (IP.PF4) and the heparin-mobilisable pool of PF4 in health and atherosclerosis.
108	6495255	The intraplatelet level of platelet factor 4 (PF4) was significantly decreased in the arteriopaths and was lower in the diabetics when compared with controls.
109	6702778	Platelet involvement can be demonstrated by several indicators, including an increase in platelet release product levels in the plasma (beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and thromboxane B2).
110	6753124	Plasma levels of platelet factor 4 (PF4) determined in 58 apparently healthy subjects were found to increase with age.
111	6753124	In 66 insulin dependent diabetics, PF4 plasma levels were increased but unrelated to the age of subject.
112	6971378	Platelet factor 4-like activity, circulating platelet-aggregate ratios, ristocetin cofactor, Willebrand antigen, ADP-induced platelet aggregation-enhancing factor, and quantitative platelet aggregation response to ADP, epinephrine, and collagen in platelet-rich plasma were measured in four groups of subjects with similar age and sex distribution.
113	7821760	To date, the three-dimensional structures of two members of the alpha subfamily, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and platelet factor 4, and one member of the beta subfamily, human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (hMIP-1 beta), have been solved by either NMR or X-ray crystallography.
114	7821760	Platelet factor 4 is a tetramer comprising a dimer of dimers of the IL-8 type.
115	7821760	To date, the three-dimensional structures of two members of the alpha subfamily, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and platelet factor 4, and one member of the beta subfamily, human macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta (hMIP-1 beta), have been solved by either NMR or X-ray crystallography.
116	7821760	Platelet factor 4 is a tetramer comprising a dimer of dimers of the IL-8 type.
117	7827349	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 are not increased in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.
118	7827349	To evaluate the possibility that platelet dysfunctions contribute to the cardiovascular risk of microalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDD) patients, we have measured beta-thromboglobulin (BTG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) in 74 IDD patients with different degrees of albuminuria (8 macro-, 36 micro- and 30 normoalbuminuric) and in 30 non-diabetic control subjects.
119	7827349	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 are not increased in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with microalbuminuria.
120	7827349	To evaluate the possibility that platelet dysfunctions contribute to the cardiovascular risk of microalbuminuric insulin-dependent diabetic (IDD) patients, we have measured beta-thromboglobulin (BTG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) in 74 IDD patients with different degrees of albuminuria (8 macro-, 36 micro- and 30 normoalbuminuric) and in 30 non-diabetic control subjects.
121	7956714	Among five variables measured as the factors concerned with thrombogenesis, only plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were significantly higher in the AS-positive group than in the AS-negative group.
122	7956714	Chronic administration of pentoxifylline (300 mg/day) significantly reduced the abnormally high plasma levels of beta-TG and PF4 in 7 patients of the AS-positive group to normal levels, without lowering the normal plasma beta-TG and PF4 levels in the remaining 10 patients.
123	8020643	Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin and thrombospondin levels in type I diabetes mellitus patients.
124	8020643	The proteins beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin are stored in platelet alpha-granules and released from the platelet by the release reaction.
125	8020643	Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin levels were not significantly different in both groups but thrombospondin concentrations in diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (136.6 +/- 14.2 ng/ml vs 91.2 +/- 14.3 ng/ml, P < 0.05).
126	8020643	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels were not significantly different between the diabetic and the control group.
127	8020643	Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin and thrombospondin levels in type I diabetes mellitus patients.
128	8020643	The proteins beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin are stored in platelet alpha-granules and released from the platelet by the release reaction.
129	8020643	Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin levels were not significantly different in both groups but thrombospondin concentrations in diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (136.6 +/- 14.2 ng/ml vs 91.2 +/- 14.3 ng/ml, P < 0.05).
130	8020643	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels were not significantly different between the diabetic and the control group.
131	8020643	Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin and thrombospondin levels in type I diabetes mellitus patients.
132	8020643	The proteins beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin are stored in platelet alpha-granules and released from the platelet by the release reaction.
133	8020643	Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin levels were not significantly different in both groups but thrombospondin concentrations in diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (136.6 +/- 14.2 ng/ml vs 91.2 +/- 14.3 ng/ml, P < 0.05).
134	8020643	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels were not significantly different between the diabetic and the control group.
135	8020643	Platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin and thrombospondin levels in type I diabetes mellitus patients.
136	8020643	The proteins beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4 and thrombospondin are stored in platelet alpha-granules and released from the platelet by the release reaction.
137	8020643	Platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin levels were not significantly different in both groups but thrombospondin concentrations in diabetic patients were significantly higher than those of the control group (136.6 +/- 14.2 ng/ml vs 91.2 +/- 14.3 ng/ml, P < 0.05).
138	8020643	Plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels were not significantly different between the diabetic and the control group.
139	8444504	The following factors were thus assessed: lipid factors: cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B; coagulation factors: fibrinogen, antithrombin III, fibrinopeptide A, factor VIII coagulant, factor VIII antigen, protein C; factors of physiological fibrinolysis: plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, tissue plasminogen activator and euglobulin clot lysis time before and after venous occlusion, plasminogen activator inhibitor before venous occlusion; and factors of platelet release: beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4.
140	8444504	There were no differences in lipid factors, but significant differences were observed in hemostatic variables: fibrinogen (without restenosis: 3.18 +/- 0.83; restenosis: 3.83 +/- 0.51 milligrams, p = 0.05), tissue plasminogen activator before venous occlusion (without restenosis: 10.9 +/- 26.8; restenosis: 232.5 +/- 371.2 IU, p < 0.04), euglobulin clot lysis time after venous occlusion (without restenosis: 176.5 +/- 100.5; restenosis: 78.6 +/- 40.2 min, p < 0.05) and for marker of the platelet release: platelet factor 4 (without restenosis: 10.8 +/- 7.9; restenosis: 20.5 +/- 7.5 ng/l, p < 0.04).
141	8444504	The following factors were thus assessed: lipid factors: cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B; coagulation factors: fibrinogen, antithrombin III, fibrinopeptide A, factor VIII coagulant, factor VIII antigen, protein C; factors of physiological fibrinolysis: plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin, tissue plasminogen activator and euglobulin clot lysis time before and after venous occlusion, plasminogen activator inhibitor before venous occlusion; and factors of platelet release: beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4.
142	8444504	There were no differences in lipid factors, but significant differences were observed in hemostatic variables: fibrinogen (without restenosis: 3.18 +/- 0.83; restenosis: 3.83 +/- 0.51 milligrams, p = 0.05), tissue plasminogen activator before venous occlusion (without restenosis: 10.9 +/- 26.8; restenosis: 232.5 +/- 371.2 IU, p < 0.04), euglobulin clot lysis time after venous occlusion (without restenosis: 176.5 +/- 100.5; restenosis: 78.6 +/- 40.2 min, p < 0.05) and for marker of the platelet release: platelet factor 4 (without restenosis: 10.8 +/- 7.9; restenosis: 20.5 +/- 7.5 ng/l, p < 0.04).
143	8842503	After both placebo and 6 and 18 weeks of I-SRO treatment, the following parameters were measured: sitting blood pressure by mercury sphygmomanometer; platelet aggregation, plasma beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), platelet factor-4 (PF4), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) by means of ELISA methods; and euglobulin lysis time before (ELT) and after standardized (10 min) venous occlusion (ELT-VO).
144	8842503	In the group of patients as a whole compared with placebo, I-SRO significantly reduced SBP/DBP platelet aggregation, BTG, PF4, ELT, and ELT-VO.
145	10835101	With the identification of several proangiogenic molecules such as the vascular endothelial cell growth factor, the fibroblast growth factors (like in FGFs), and the angiopoietins, and the recent description of specific inhibitors of angiogenesis such as platelet factor-4, angiostatin, endostatin, and vasostatin, it is recognized that therapeutic interference with vasculature formation offers a tool for clinical applications in various pathologies.
146	11259926	The plasma levels of many clotting factors including fibrinogen, factor VII, factor VIII, factor XI, factor XII, kallikrein, and von Willebrand factor are elevated in diabetes.
147	11259926	The fibrinolytic system, the primary means of removing clots, is relatively inhibited in diabetes due to abnormal clot structures that are more resistant to degradation and an increase in plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1).
148	11259926	Increased circulating platelet aggregates, increased platelet aggregation in response to platelet agonists, increased platelet contractile force (PCF), and the presence of higher plasma levels of platelet release products, such as beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, and thromboxane B(2), demonstrate platelet hyperactivity in diabetes.
149	12878452	Beside its action on lipids and lipoproteins, prickly pear consumption significantly reduced the platelet proteins (platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin), ADP-induced platelet aggregation and improved platelet sensitivity (against PGI2 and PGE1) in volunteers as well as in patients.
150	14973420	Peptides which would bind to leukocytes in vivo, such as antagonists to the tuftsin receptor, chemotactic peptides, interleukin-8, or a platelet factor 4 analogue, have been radiolabeled for this purpose.
151	15714993	Associated factors included age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, extracranial and intra-cranial vascular lesions, extent of lacunes and white matter lesions, progression status and blood pressure in the acute stage, and coagulation markers such as fibrinogen, thrombin-antithrombin complex, D-dimer, beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4.
152	15776686	[Evaluation of thrombotic risk in type 2 diabetes: determination of platelet factor 4 and beta thromboglobulin].
153	15776686	We achieved the dosage of platelet factor 4 (PF 4) and beta thromboglobulin (B-TG), two proteins stored in platelet alpha granules and released from the platelets when activated.
154	15776686	[Evaluation of thrombotic risk in type 2 diabetes: determination of platelet factor 4 and beta thromboglobulin].
155	15776686	We achieved the dosage of platelet factor 4 (PF 4) and beta thromboglobulin (B-TG), two proteins stored in platelet alpha granules and released from the platelets when activated.
156	16545987	With the identification of several proangiogenic molecules such as the vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), and the angiopoietins, and the recent description of specific inhibitors of angiogenesis such as platelet factor-4, angiostatin, endostatin, and vasostatin, it is recognized that therapeutic interference with vasculature formation offers a tool for clinical applications in various pathologies.
157	20299390	Heparin/platelet factor 4 (H:PF4) antibodies are the causative agent in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
158	20632253	Although recombinant platelet factor 4 (PF4) was originally developed and evaluated as a clinical alternative to protamine for heparin neutralization, the current scientific evidence supports a role for this protein and derivative peptides in inhibiting tumor growth and spread, by suppression of tumor-induced neovascularization in many different types of solid tumors.
159	22614874	The protein expression of a limited number of proteins such as actin-binding protein isotypes 2 and 5, lactate dehydrogenase, serotransferrin isotype 4, protein disulfide isomerase-A3 isotype 1, fibrinogen beta chain isotype 5, Ras-related protein Rab-7b isotypes 1 and 6, and immunoglobulin heavy chain was changed after dual antiplatelet therapy.
160	22614874	Plasma level of platelet factor 4 (PF4), an in vivo marker of platelet activity, was not different between both groups.