Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: REG3A

Gene name: regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha

HGNC ID: 8601

Synonyms: HIP, REG-III, REG3, PBCGF, PAP1

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	AKT1	1 hits
2	CCND1	1 hits
3	CDK4	1 hits
4	COL1A1	1 hits
5	EXTL3	1 hits
6	FOS	1 hits
7	IL17A	1 hits
8	IL6	1 hits
9	INS	1 hits
10	LPIN1	1 hits
11	LPIN3	1 hits
12	MRPS30	1 hits
13	NEUROD1	1 hits
14	NKX6-1	1 hits
15	NKX6-2	1 hits
16	NLRP2	1 hits
17	PDAP1	1 hits
18	PDX1	1 hits
19	PNLIP	1 hits
20	REG1A	1 hits
21	REG3G	1 hits
22	REG4	1 hits
23	RP9	1 hits
24	SERPINE1	1 hits
25	STAT1	1 hits
26	STAT3	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	10526060	The regenerating islets in the remaining pancreas of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase inhibitor-treated rats were markedly enlarged and consisted largely of insulin-producing beta-cells, preventing the development of diabetes mellitus that would otherwise be caused by the 90% pancreatectomy.
2	10526060	Some of the type III Reg (Reg III) have recently been suggested to play roles in the regeneration of cells other than pancreatic beta-cells, such as neuronal cells and epithelial cells in the alimentary tract.
3	11812740	This protein belongs to the family of Reg proteins implicated in islet regeneration; its gene contains a putative interleukin-6 (IL-6) response element.
4	11812740	Islets from healthy cadaveric human donors released HIP/PAP protein into the culture medium, and this release was enhanced by the addition of IL-6.
5	11812740	Our conclusion was that differential cloning of Reg from islets of a type 1 diabetic patient and the response of Reg to the cytokine IL-6 suggests that HIP/PAP becomes overexpressed in human diabetic islets because of the local inflammatory response.
6	11812740	This protein belongs to the family of Reg proteins implicated in islet regeneration; its gene contains a putative interleukin-6 (IL-6) response element.
7	11812740	Islets from healthy cadaveric human donors released HIP/PAP protein into the culture medium, and this release was enhanced by the addition of IL-6.
8	11812740	Our conclusion was that differential cloning of Reg from islets of a type 1 diabetic patient and the response of Reg to the cytokine IL-6 suggests that HIP/PAP becomes overexpressed in human diabetic islets because of the local inflammatory response.
9	14562608	Double-immunostaining for insulin and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) revealed that elevation of the percentage of insulin and PCNA double-positive cells against insulin-positive cells was seen in the islets of PB-treated diabetic hamsters, but the difference was not significant compared with untreated diabetic hamsters (p = 0.07).
10	14562608	In semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of two genes, Reg (Regenerating gene) and INGAP (islet neogenesis associated protein), in the diabetic APA hamsters was significantly increased compared to the control groups in both diabetic phases.
11	14562608	These data suggest that PB treatment in SZ-injected diabetic hamsters partially restored beta-cell function through acting as an antioxidant and induced higher expression of Reg and INGAP genes in the pancreas of hamsters.
12	14562608	Double-immunostaining for insulin and PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) revealed that elevation of the percentage of insulin and PCNA double-positive cells against insulin-positive cells was seen in the islets of PB-treated diabetic hamsters, but the difference was not significant compared with untreated diabetic hamsters (p = 0.07).
13	14562608	In semi-quantitative RT-PCR, the expression of two genes, Reg (Regenerating gene) and INGAP (islet neogenesis associated protein), in the diabetic APA hamsters was significantly increased compared to the control groups in both diabetic phases.
14	14562608	These data suggest that PB treatment in SZ-injected diabetic hamsters partially restored beta-cell function through acting as an antioxidant and induced higher expression of Reg and INGAP genes in the pancreas of hamsters.
15	14760645	Several of these are specifically expressed in pancreas, such as pancreatic amylase, pancreatic stone protein, pancreatitis-associated protein, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic elastase, etc.
16	15127320	The plasma concentrations of plasmin-alpha2-antiplasmin (PAP), a measure of fibrinolytic activity, plasma PAI-1, and fasting triglycerides and glucoses were measured at the beginning and the end of hospitalization.
17	15127320	There was an inverse correlation between the changes in the plasma concentrations of PAP and PAI-1 (r= - 0.36, p = 0.023).
18	15127320	Treatment with SU or insulin showed an increase in plasma PAP with a concomitant decrease in the plasma PAI-1 with equivalent glycemic control.
19	15127320	In poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients, the plasma PAP concentration can be significantly increased and the plasma PAI-1 antigen significantly reduced, even with short-term metabolic improvements including weight reduction, a better lipid profile, and tighter glycemic control with either SU or insulin therapy, and that enhanced fibrinolysis may be mediated partly through a decrease in the plasma PAI-1 after metabolic control.
20	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
21	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
22	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
23	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
24	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
25	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
26	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
27	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
28	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
29	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
30	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
31	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
32	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
33	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
34	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
35	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
36	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
37	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
38	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
39	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
40	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
41	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
42	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
43	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
44	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
45	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
46	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
47	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
48	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
49	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
50	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
51	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
52	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
53	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
54	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
55	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
56	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
57	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
58	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
59	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
60	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
61	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
62	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
63	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
64	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
65	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
66	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
67	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
68	15556304	Molecular cloning, expression and chromosomal localization of a novel human REG family gene, REG III.
69	15556304	On the other hand, only one type III REG gene, HIP/PAP (gene expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma-intestine-pancreas/gene encoding pancreatitis-associated protein), was found in human.
70	15556304	In the present study, we found a novel human type III REG gene, REG III.
71	15556304	REG III was expressed predominantly in pancreas and testis, but not in small intestine, whereas HIP/PAP was expressed strongly in pancreas and small intestine.
72	15556304	IL-6 responsive elements existed in the 5'-upstream region of the human REG III gene indicating that the human REG III gene might be induced during acute pancreatitis.
73	15556304	All the human REG family genes identified so far (REG Ialpha, REG Ibeta, HIP/PAP, REG III and REG IV) have a common gene structure with 6 exons and 5 introns, and encode homologous 158-175-aa secretory proteins.
74	15556304	By database searching and PCR analysis using a yeast artificial chromosome clone, the human REG family genes on chromosome 2, except for REG IV on chromosome 1, were mapped to a contiguous 140 kb region of the human chromosome 2p12.
75	15556304	The gene order from centromere to telomere was 5' HIP/PAP 3'-5' RS 3'-3' REG Ialpha 5'-5' REG Ibeta 3'-3' REG III 5'.
76	15671250	Microarray analysis revealed increased transcripts of genes encoding inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin (IL)-17, and islet cell regenerating genes, Reg3alpha, Reg3beta, and Reg3gamma.
77	15671250	Our data indicate that progression to insulitis was connected to marked changes in islet antigen expression, beta-cell differentiation, and T cell activation and signaling, all associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6 expression.
78	16522740	Analysis of the INGAP promoter suggested that candidate regulators of INGAP expression include the transcription factors PDX-1, NeuroD, PAN-1, STAT and AP-1.
79	16522740	Induction of AP-1 activity or STAT activity using PMA or LIF stimulation respectively, or direct expression of PAN-1 specifically up-regulates INGAP promoter activity.
80	16522740	In contrast, co-expression of PDX-1 but not NeuroD inhibits activation of the INGAP-promoter driven by PAN-1, PMA or LIF stimulation.
81	17065390	Here, we report the establishment of the first in vitro tissue model of INGAP expression that consists of epithelial cystic structures derived from hamster pancreatic acinar tissue cultured in collagen matrix.
82	17065390	We also demonstrate for the first time that INGAP gene expression was significantly induced by treatment with interleukin (IL)-6 and further enhanced by a combination of IL-6 with dexamethazone and nicotinamide.
83	17065390	Additionally, our data suggest that the effect of IL-6 on INGAP expression is mediated via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
84	17065390	Here, we report the establishment of the first in vitro tissue model of INGAP expression that consists of epithelial cystic structures derived from hamster pancreatic acinar tissue cultured in collagen matrix.
85	17065390	We also demonstrate for the first time that INGAP gene expression was significantly induced by treatment with interleukin (IL)-6 and further enhanced by a combination of IL-6 with dexamethazone and nicotinamide.
86	17065390	Additionally, our data suggest that the effect of IL-6 on INGAP expression is mediated via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
87	17065390	Here, we report the establishment of the first in vitro tissue model of INGAP expression that consists of epithelial cystic structures derived from hamster pancreatic acinar tissue cultured in collagen matrix.
88	17065390	We also demonstrate for the first time that INGAP gene expression was significantly induced by treatment with interleukin (IL)-6 and further enhanced by a combination of IL-6 with dexamethazone and nicotinamide.
89	17065390	Additionally, our data suggest that the effect of IL-6 on INGAP expression is mediated via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
90	17192462	We previously suggested that Reg proteins act as autoantigens in type 1 diabetes, based on evidence that a member of the Reg family (hepatocellular carcinoma intestine pancreas [HIP]/pancreatitis-associated protein [PAP]) was overexpressed in the islets of a patient who died after sudden onset of type 1 diabetes, and that, in NOD mice, Reg-specific T-cells adoptively transferred diabetes.
91	17998566	Pancreatic islet immunoreactivity to the Reg protein INGAP.
92	17998566	In addition to mouse, detection of islet endocrine cells that were INGAP immunoreactive/glucagon immunoreactive/insulin negative was also observed in islets from human, monkey, and rat.
93	17998566	These findings reveal that INGAP and/or related group 3 Reg proteins have a conserved expression in the pancreatic islet.
94	17998566	Pancreatic islet immunoreactivity to the Reg protein INGAP.
95	17998566	In addition to mouse, detection of islet endocrine cells that were INGAP immunoreactive/glucagon immunoreactive/insulin negative was also observed in islets from human, monkey, and rat.
96	17998566	These findings reveal that INGAP and/or related group 3 Reg proteins have a conserved expression in the pancreatic islet.
97	17998566	Pancreatic islet immunoreactivity to the Reg protein INGAP.
98	17998566	In addition to mouse, detection of islet endocrine cells that were INGAP immunoreactive/glucagon immunoreactive/insulin negative was also observed in islets from human, monkey, and rat.
99	17998566	These findings reveal that INGAP and/or related group 3 Reg proteins have a conserved expression in the pancreatic islet.
100	18378016	Islet Neogenesis Associated Protein (INGAP) increases pancreatic beta-cell mass and potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion.
101	18378016	Thereafter, gene (RT-PCR) and protein expression (Western blotting) of Foxa2, SUR1 and Kir6.2, cytoplasmic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)), static and dynamic insulin secretion, and (86)Rb efflux were measured.
102	18378016	INGAP-PP increased the expression levels of Kir6.2, SUR1 and Foxa2 genes, and SUR1 and Foxa2 proteins.
103	19084446	Such structure resembles the one corresponding to the amino acid sequence of human pancreatitis associated protein-1 (PAP-1), which presents 85% sequence homology with INGAP.
104	19089368	Short-term treatment with a peptide fragment of islet neogenesis-associated protein (INGAP) induces these structures to reform islet-like structures that resemble freshly isolated islets with respect to the frequency and distribution of the four endocrine cell types, islet gene expression and hormone production, insulin content, and glucose-responsive insulin secretion.
105	19343564	Overexpression of Reg3alpha increases cell growth and the levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in insulinoma cells.
106	19343564	Regenerating gene (Reg) family protein Reg3alpha is normally expressed in pancreatic acinar and endocrine cells.
107	19343564	In Reg3alpha-expressing cells, we detected 2.2- and 2.5-fold increased levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4, respectively, which paralleled a 1.8-fold increase in the rate of Akt phosphorylation.
108	19343564	It is established that beta-cell replication is associated with increased cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels; deficiency in CDK4 or cyclin D2 results in reduced beta-cell mass and diabetes.
109	19343564	Our results suggest that Reg3alpha stimulates beta-cell replication, by activating Akt kinase and increasing the levels of cyclin D1/CDK4.
110	19343564	Overexpression of Reg3alpha increases cell growth and the levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in insulinoma cells.
111	19343564	Regenerating gene (Reg) family protein Reg3alpha is normally expressed in pancreatic acinar and endocrine cells.
112	19343564	In Reg3alpha-expressing cells, we detected 2.2- and 2.5-fold increased levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4, respectively, which paralleled a 1.8-fold increase in the rate of Akt phosphorylation.
113	19343564	It is established that beta-cell replication is associated with increased cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels; deficiency in CDK4 or cyclin D2 results in reduced beta-cell mass and diabetes.
114	19343564	Our results suggest that Reg3alpha stimulates beta-cell replication, by activating Akt kinase and increasing the levels of cyclin D1/CDK4.
115	19343564	Overexpression of Reg3alpha increases cell growth and the levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4 in insulinoma cells.
116	19343564	Regenerating gene (Reg) family protein Reg3alpha is normally expressed in pancreatic acinar and endocrine cells.
117	19343564	In Reg3alpha-expressing cells, we detected 2.2- and 2.5-fold increased levels of cyclin D1 and CDK4, respectively, which paralleled a 1.8-fold increase in the rate of Akt phosphorylation.
118	19343564	It is established that beta-cell replication is associated with increased cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels; deficiency in CDK4 or cyclin D2 results in reduced beta-cell mass and diabetes.
119	19343564	Our results suggest that Reg3alpha stimulates beta-cell replication, by activating Akt kinase and increasing the levels of cyclin D1/CDK4.
120	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
121	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
122	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
123	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
124	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
125	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
126	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
127	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
128	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
129	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
130	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
131	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
132	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
133	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
134	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
135	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
136	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
137	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
138	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
139	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
140	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
141	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
142	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
143	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
144	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
145	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
146	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
147	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
148	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
149	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
150	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
151	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
152	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
153	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
154	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
155	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
156	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
157	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
158	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
159	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
160	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
161	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
162	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
163	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
164	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
165	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
166	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
167	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
168	19799857	Here, we studied cardiac PAP(1) activity and lipin expression ex vivo in 8-month-old Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing open heart surgery for coronary bypass grafting.
169	19799857	Compared to non-diabetic littermates (ZDF-fa/+), left ventricular PAP(1) activity was 29% lower in diabetic ZDF-fa/fa rats.
170	19799857	Left ventricular PAP(1) activities were 2.1-fold (ZDF-fa/fa) and 3.6-fold (ZDF-fa/+) higher than the respective atrial activities, indicating marked differences in cardiac distribution of PAP(1).
171	19799857	PAP(1) activity was highly related with cardiac lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in ZDF rats (r=0.99 and 0.96).
172	19799857	Consistent with the findings in experimental animals, human atrial tissue displayed PAP(1) activity that was 33% lower in those having diabetes than in non-diabetic controls.
173	19799857	Accordingly, atrial lipin-1 and lipin-3 mRNA expression in diabetic patients was 50% and 59% lower as in non-diabetic patients, respectively.
174	19799857	Insulin therapy increased both PAP(1) activity and lipin mRNA expression in diabetic patients.
175	19799857	We conclude that suppression of cardiac PAP(1) activity/lipin expression may contribute to metabolic dysfunction of the diabetic heart.
176	21185938	To explore a novel gene therapy strategy combining immunotherapy and β cell regeneration, we constructed a non-viral plasmid encoding proinsulin (PI) and pancreatic regenerating (Reg) III protein (pReg/PI).
177	21185938	Treatment with pReg/PI also restored the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines and expanded CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T regulatory cells, which may attribute to the establishment of self-immune tolerance.
178	21351584	[Recombination of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid and its therapeutic effect on STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus].
179	21351584	The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus and its underlying mechanisms.
180	21351584	Then, ten type 1 diabetic mice were intramuscularly injected with 100 microg RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid for 4 weeks (one time/week) and the blood glucose levels were monitored every week; whereas another ten diabetic mice served as negative control group were injected with pBudCE4.1 vector at the same dose.
181	21351584	Results showed that RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid ameliorated the hyperglycemia symptoms in diabetic mouse remarkably.
182	21351584	In conclusion, RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid possesses powerful anti-diabetic ability, which may be involved in the inducing of immunological tolerance and enhancing beta cells recovery.
183	21351584	[Recombination of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid and its therapeutic effect on STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus].
184	21351584	The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus and its underlying mechanisms.
185	21351584	Then, ten type 1 diabetic mice were intramuscularly injected with 100 microg RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid for 4 weeks (one time/week) and the blood glucose levels were monitored every week; whereas another ten diabetic mice served as negative control group were injected with pBudCE4.1 vector at the same dose.
186	21351584	Results showed that RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid ameliorated the hyperglycemia symptoms in diabetic mouse remarkably.
187	21351584	In conclusion, RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid possesses powerful anti-diabetic ability, which may be involved in the inducing of immunological tolerance and enhancing beta cells recovery.
188	21351584	[Recombination of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid and its therapeutic effect on STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus].
189	21351584	The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus and its underlying mechanisms.
190	21351584	Then, ten type 1 diabetic mice were intramuscularly injected with 100 microg RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid for 4 weeks (one time/week) and the blood glucose levels were monitored every week; whereas another ten diabetic mice served as negative control group were injected with pBudCE4.1 vector at the same dose.
191	21351584	Results showed that RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid ameliorated the hyperglycemia symptoms in diabetic mouse remarkably.
192	21351584	In conclusion, RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid possesses powerful anti-diabetic ability, which may be involved in the inducing of immunological tolerance and enhancing beta cells recovery.
193	21351584	[Recombination of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid and its therapeutic effect on STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus].
194	21351584	The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus and its underlying mechanisms.
195	21351584	Then, ten type 1 diabetic mice were intramuscularly injected with 100 microg RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid for 4 weeks (one time/week) and the blood glucose levels were monitored every week; whereas another ten diabetic mice served as negative control group were injected with pBudCE4.1 vector at the same dose.
196	21351584	Results showed that RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid ameliorated the hyperglycemia symptoms in diabetic mouse remarkably.
197	21351584	In conclusion, RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid possesses powerful anti-diabetic ability, which may be involved in the inducing of immunological tolerance and enhancing beta cells recovery.
198	21351584	[Recombination of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid and its therapeutic effect on STZ-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus].
199	21351584	The aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus and its underlying mechanisms.
200	21351584	Then, ten type 1 diabetic mice were intramuscularly injected with 100 microg RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid for 4 weeks (one time/week) and the blood glucose levels were monitored every week; whereas another ten diabetic mice served as negative control group were injected with pBudCE4.1 vector at the same dose.
201	21351584	Results showed that RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid ameliorated the hyperglycemia symptoms in diabetic mouse remarkably.
202	21351584	In conclusion, RegIII-proinsulin-pBudCE4.1 plasmid possesses powerful anti-diabetic ability, which may be involved in the inducing of immunological tolerance and enhancing beta cells recovery.
203	21804274	Pancreatic stone protein (PSP; reported in 1979), pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP; 1984) and regenerating protein (Reg I; 1988) were discovered independently in the fields of the exocrine (pancreatitis) and endocrine (diabetes) pancreas.
204	21804274	Subsequent analysis revealed that PSP and Reg I are identical and PAP belongs to the same protein family.
205	21804274	PSP/Reg I and PAP share a selective and specific trypsin cleavage site and result in insoluble fibrils (PTP, PATP).
206	21804274	Pancreatic stone protein (PSP; reported in 1979), pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP; 1984) and regenerating protein (Reg I; 1988) were discovered independently in the fields of the exocrine (pancreatitis) and endocrine (diabetes) pancreas.
207	21804274	Subsequent analysis revealed that PSP and Reg I are identical and PAP belongs to the same protein family.
208	21804274	PSP/Reg I and PAP share a selective and specific trypsin cleavage site and result in insoluble fibrils (PTP, PATP).
209	21804274	Pancreatic stone protein (PSP; reported in 1979), pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP; 1984) and regenerating protein (Reg I; 1988) were discovered independently in the fields of the exocrine (pancreatitis) and endocrine (diabetes) pancreas.
210	21804274	Subsequent analysis revealed that PSP and Reg I are identical and PAP belongs to the same protein family.
211	21804274	PSP/Reg I and PAP share a selective and specific trypsin cleavage site and result in insoluble fibrils (PTP, PATP).
212	22395480	Short-term effects of INGAP and Reg family peptides on the appearance of small β-cells clusters in non-diabetic mice.
213	22395480	A 1.5- to 2-fold increase in the volume of small extra-islet insulin-positive clusters post 5 d treatment with INGAP-PP and HIP as compared with mice treated with a non-peptide control or scrambled peptide (p<0.05) (n = 7) was found.
214	22395480	Five days of treatment with INGAP-PP or HIP, showed a tendency toward increased levels of pancreatic progenitor markers such as Ngn3, Nkx6.1, Sox9 and Ins.
215	22395480	Short-term effects of INGAP and Reg family peptides on the appearance of small β-cells clusters in non-diabetic mice.
216	22395480	A 1.5- to 2-fold increase in the volume of small extra-islet insulin-positive clusters post 5 d treatment with INGAP-PP and HIP as compared with mice treated with a non-peptide control or scrambled peptide (p<0.05) (n = 7) was found.
217	22395480	Five days of treatment with INGAP-PP or HIP, showed a tendency toward increased levels of pancreatic progenitor markers such as Ngn3, Nkx6.1, Sox9 and Ins.
218	22395480	Short-term effects of INGAP and Reg family peptides on the appearance of small β-cells clusters in non-diabetic mice.
219	22395480	A 1.5- to 2-fold increase in the volume of small extra-islet insulin-positive clusters post 5 d treatment with INGAP-PP and HIP as compared with mice treated with a non-peptide control or scrambled peptide (p<0.05) (n = 7) was found.
220	22395480	Five days of treatment with INGAP-PP or HIP, showed a tendency toward increased levels of pancreatic progenitor markers such as Ngn3, Nkx6.1, Sox9 and Ins.