# |
PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
2 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
3 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
4 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
5 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
6 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
7 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
8 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
9 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
10 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
11 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
12 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
13 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
14 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
15 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
16 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
17 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
18 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
19 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
20 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
21 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
22 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
23 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
24 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
25 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
26 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
27 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
28 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
29 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
30 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
31 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
32 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
33 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
34 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
35 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
36 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
37 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
38 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
39 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
40 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
41 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
42 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
43 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
44 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
45 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
46 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
47 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
48 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
49 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
50 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
51 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
52 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
53 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
54 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
55 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
56 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
57 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
58 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
59 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
60 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
61 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
62 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
63 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
64 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
65 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
66 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
67 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
68 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
69 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
70 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
71 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
72 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
73 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
74 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
75 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
76 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
77 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
78 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
79 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
80 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
81 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
82 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
83 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
84 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
85 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
86 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
87 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
88 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
89 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
90 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
91 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
92 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
93 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
94 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
95 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
96 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
97 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
98 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
99 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
100 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
101 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
102 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
103 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
104 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
105 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
106 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
107 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
108 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
109 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
110 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
111 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
112 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
113 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
114 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
115 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
116 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
117 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
118 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
119 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
120 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
121 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
122 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
123 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
124 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
125 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
126 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
127 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
128 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
129 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
130 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
131 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
132 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
133 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
134 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
135 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
136 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
137 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
138 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
139 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
140 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
141 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
142 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
143 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
144 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
145 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
146 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
147 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
148 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
149 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
150 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
151 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
152 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
153 |
9405068
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Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
154 |
9405068
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The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
155 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
156 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
157 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
158 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
159 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
160 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
161 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
162 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
163 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
164 |
9405068
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NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
165 |
9405068
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NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
166 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
167 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
168 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
169 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
170 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
171 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
172 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
173 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
174 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
175 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
176 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
177 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
178 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
179 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
180 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
181 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
182 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
183 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
184 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
185 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
186 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
187 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
188 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
189 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
190 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
191 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
192 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
193 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B receptor activation causes tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK by a phospholipase C independent mechanism which requires p21rho and integrity of the actin cytoskeleton.
|
194 |
9405068
|
Neuromedin B (NMB), a mammalian bombesin related peptide, functions through a distinct receptor, the neuromedin B receptor (NMB-R), of which little is known about its cellular basis of action.
|
195 |
9405068
|
In the present study we explored the ability of NMB-R activation to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (p125(FAK)), an important substrate for tyrosine phosphorylation by other neuropeptides.
|
196 |
9405068
|
NMB caused rapid increases in p125(FAK) phosphorylation which reached maximum at 2 min in both rat C6 glioblastoma cells which possess native NMB-Rs and rat neuromedin B receptor (rNMR-R) transfected BALB 3T3 cells.
|
197 |
9405068
|
NMB had a half-maximal effect was at 0.4 nM and was 30-fold more potent than gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP).
|
198 |
9405068
|
The stoichiometric relationships between increased p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation and other cellular processes was similar in both C6 cells and rNMB-R transfected cells.
|
199 |
9405068
|
TPA (1 microM) caused 45% and the calcium ionophore, A23187, 11% of maximal tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) seen with NMB.
|
200 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with the selective PKC inhibitor, GF109203X, inhibited TPA-induced p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation, but it had no effect on the NMB stimulation.
|
201 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with thapsigargin completely inhibited NMB-stimulated increases in [Ca2+]i, but had no effect on NMB-stimulation of p125(FAK) phosphorylation either alone or with GF109203X.
|
202 |
9405068
|
The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, tyrphostin A25, inhibited NMB-induced phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 52%.
|
203 |
9405068
|
Cytochalasin D, an agent which disrupts actin microfilaments, inhibited BN- and TPA-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) completely.
|
204 |
9405068
|
Pretreatment with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme which inactivates the small GTP-binding protein rho p21, also inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) by 55%.
|
205 |
9405068
|
These results demonstrate that activation of NMB-R can cause rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
206 |
9405068
|
NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) is independent of NMB-induced changes in [Ca2+]i or PKC.
|
207 |
9405068
|
The integrity of the actin cytoskeleton but not of microtubules is necessary for NMB-stimulated phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
208 |
9405068
|
The ras-related small GTP-binding protein rho p21 is at least partially involved in mediating NMB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK).
|
209 |
9593699
|
Ability of various bombesin receptor agonists and antagonists to alter intracellular signaling of the human orphan receptor BRS-3.
|
210 |
9593699
|
Bombesin (Bn) receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) is an orphan receptor that is a predicted member of the heptahelical G-protein receptor family and so named because it shares a 50% amino acid homology with receptors for the mammalian bombesin-like peptides neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin-releasing peptide.
|
211 |
9593699
|
[D-Phe6,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]Bn-(6-14) stimulated a 2-3-fold increase in [Ca2+]i, a 3-fold increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) with an EC50 of 0.2-0.7 nM, but failed to either stimulate increases in cyclic AMP or inhibit forskolin-stimulated increases.
|
212 |
9593699
|
No high affinity Bn receptor antagonists had high affinity for the hBRS-3 receptor, although two low affinity antagonists for gastrin-releasing peptide and NMB receptors, [D-Arg1,D-Trp7,9, Leu11]substance P and [D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9,10]substance P-(4-11), inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation.
|
213 |
9593699
|
The NMB receptor-specific antagonist D-Nal,Cys,Tyr,D-Trp,Lys,Val, Cys,Nal-NH2 inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation in a competitive fashion (Ki = 0.5 microM).
|
214 |
9593699
|
Stimulation of p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation by hBRS-3 activation was not inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, GF109203X, or thapsigargin, alone or in combination.
|
215 |
9593699
|
These results show that hBRS-3 receptor activation increases phospholipase C activity, which causes generation of inositol phosphates and changes in [Ca2+]i and is also coupled to tyrosine kinase activation, but is not coupled to adenylate cyclase activation or inhibition. hBRS-3 receptor activation results in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK), and it is not dependent on activation of either limb of the phospholipase C cascade.
|
216 |
9593699
|
Ability of various bombesin receptor agonists and antagonists to alter intracellular signaling of the human orphan receptor BRS-3.
|
217 |
9593699
|
Bombesin (Bn) receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) is an orphan receptor that is a predicted member of the heptahelical G-protein receptor family and so named because it shares a 50% amino acid homology with receptors for the mammalian bombesin-like peptides neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin-releasing peptide.
|
218 |
9593699
|
[D-Phe6,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]Bn-(6-14) stimulated a 2-3-fold increase in [Ca2+]i, a 3-fold increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) with an EC50 of 0.2-0.7 nM, but failed to either stimulate increases in cyclic AMP or inhibit forskolin-stimulated increases.
|
219 |
9593699
|
No high affinity Bn receptor antagonists had high affinity for the hBRS-3 receptor, although two low affinity antagonists for gastrin-releasing peptide and NMB receptors, [D-Arg1,D-Trp7,9, Leu11]substance P and [D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9,10]substance P-(4-11), inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation.
|
220 |
9593699
|
The NMB receptor-specific antagonist D-Nal,Cys,Tyr,D-Trp,Lys,Val, Cys,Nal-NH2 inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation in a competitive fashion (Ki = 0.5 microM).
|
221 |
9593699
|
Stimulation of p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation by hBRS-3 activation was not inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, GF109203X, or thapsigargin, alone or in combination.
|
222 |
9593699
|
These results show that hBRS-3 receptor activation increases phospholipase C activity, which causes generation of inositol phosphates and changes in [Ca2+]i and is also coupled to tyrosine kinase activation, but is not coupled to adenylate cyclase activation or inhibition. hBRS-3 receptor activation results in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK), and it is not dependent on activation of either limb of the phospholipase C cascade.
|
223 |
9593699
|
Ability of various bombesin receptor agonists and antagonists to alter intracellular signaling of the human orphan receptor BRS-3.
|
224 |
9593699
|
Bombesin (Bn) receptor subtype 3 (BRS-3) is an orphan receptor that is a predicted member of the heptahelical G-protein receptor family and so named because it shares a 50% amino acid homology with receptors for the mammalian bombesin-like peptides neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin-releasing peptide.
|
225 |
9593699
|
[D-Phe6,beta-Ala11,Phe13,Nle14]Bn-(6-14) stimulated a 2-3-fold increase in [Ca2+]i, a 3-fold increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK) with an EC50 of 0.2-0.7 nM, but failed to either stimulate increases in cyclic AMP or inhibit forskolin-stimulated increases.
|
226 |
9593699
|
No high affinity Bn receptor antagonists had high affinity for the hBRS-3 receptor, although two low affinity antagonists for gastrin-releasing peptide and NMB receptors, [D-Arg1,D-Trp7,9, Leu11]substance P and [D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9,10]substance P-(4-11), inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation.
|
227 |
9593699
|
The NMB receptor-specific antagonist D-Nal,Cys,Tyr,D-Trp,Lys,Val, Cys,Nal-NH2 inhibited hBRS-3 receptor activation in a competitive fashion (Ki = 0.5 microM).
|
228 |
9593699
|
Stimulation of p125(FAK) tyrosine phosphorylation by hBRS-3 activation was not inhibited by the protein kinase C inhibitor, GF109203X, or thapsigargin, alone or in combination.
|
229 |
9593699
|
These results show that hBRS-3 receptor activation increases phospholipase C activity, which causes generation of inositol phosphates and changes in [Ca2+]i and is also coupled to tyrosine kinase activation, but is not coupled to adenylate cyclase activation or inhibition. hBRS-3 receptor activation results in tyrosine phosphorylation of p125(FAK), and it is not dependent on activation of either limb of the phospholipase C cascade.
|
230 |
16364465
|
Protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) becomes activated in pancreatic acini in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) and plays a pivotal role in the exocrine pancreatic secretion.
|
231 |
16364465
|
Rottlerin inhibited amylase secretion stimulated by both PKC-dependent pathways (CCK, bombesin, carbachol, TPA) and also by PKC-independent pathways (secretin, VIP, cAMP analogue).
|
232 |
16364465
|
CCK-stimulation of MAPK activation and p125(FAK) TyrP which are mediated by PKC-dependent and -independent pathways were also inhibited by rottlerin.
|
233 |
16364465
|
All studied inhibitory effects of rottlerin in pancreatic acini were mimicked by FCCP (agonists-stimulated amylase secretion, p125(FAK) TyrP, MAPK activation and PKC-delta TyrP and translocation).
|
234 |
16364465
|
Protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) becomes activated in pancreatic acini in response to cholecystokinin (CCK) and plays a pivotal role in the exocrine pancreatic secretion.
|
235 |
16364465
|
Rottlerin inhibited amylase secretion stimulated by both PKC-dependent pathways (CCK, bombesin, carbachol, TPA) and also by PKC-independent pathways (secretin, VIP, cAMP analogue).
|
236 |
16364465
|
CCK-stimulation of MAPK activation and p125(FAK) TyrP which are mediated by PKC-dependent and -independent pathways were also inhibited by rottlerin.
|
237 |
16364465
|
All studied inhibitory effects of rottlerin in pancreatic acini were mimicked by FCCP (agonists-stimulated amylase secretion, p125(FAK) TyrP, MAPK activation and PKC-delta TyrP and translocation).
|
238 |
16713446
|
CCK, a physiological regulator of pancreatic function, rapidly activated Lyn.
|
239 |
16713446
|
CCK activation of Lyn required stimulation of high and low affinity CCK(A) receptor states.
|
240 |
16713446
|
CCK stimulated an association of Lyn with PKC-delta, Shc, p125(FAK) and PYK2 as well as with their autophosphorylated forms, but not with Cbl, p85, p130(CAS) or ERK 1/2.
|
241 |
16713446
|
CCK's activation of Lyn is likely an important mediator of its ability to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous important cellular mediators such as p125(FAK), PYK2, PKC-delta and Shc, which play central roles in CCK's effects on acinar cell function.
|
242 |
16713446
|
CCK, a physiological regulator of pancreatic function, rapidly activated Lyn.
|
243 |
16713446
|
CCK activation of Lyn required stimulation of high and low affinity CCK(A) receptor states.
|
244 |
16713446
|
CCK stimulated an association of Lyn with PKC-delta, Shc, p125(FAK) and PYK2 as well as with their autophosphorylated forms, but not with Cbl, p85, p130(CAS) or ERK 1/2.
|
245 |
16713446
|
CCK's activation of Lyn is likely an important mediator of its ability to cause tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous important cellular mediators such as p125(FAK), PYK2, PKC-delta and Shc, which play central roles in CCK's effects on acinar cell function.
|
246 |
21810446
|
Particular attention was paid to cholecystokinin (CCK), a physiological regulator of pancreatic function and important in pathological processes affecting acinar function, like pancreatitis.
|
247 |
21810446
|
PKCθ was activated in time- and dose-related manner by CCK, mediated 30% by high-affinity CCK(A)-receptor activation.
|
248 |
21810446
|
PKCθ inhibition (by pseudostrate-inhibitor or dominant negative) inhibited CCK- and TPA-stimulation of PKD, Src, RafC, PYK2, p125(FAK) and IKKα/β, but not basal/stimulated enzyme secretion.
|
249 |
21810446
|
Also CCK- and TPA-induced PKCθ activation produced an increment in PKCθ's direct association with AKT, RafA, RafC and Lyn.
|
250 |
9145910
|
Effect of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor number on receptor affinity, coupling, degradation, and modulation.
|
251 |
9145910
|
The relationship between receptor number and agonist-induced intracellular responses has been well studied in receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase; however, for receptors coupled to phospholipase C (PLC), very little is known about the effect of receptor number on receptor-mediated processes.
|
252 |
9145910
|
To explore this issue, we investigated the effect of the number of receptors for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) on ligand affinity and on the ability to activate intracellular messengers [PLC, tyrosine phosphorylation of p125 focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK)] and cause receptor modulation (internalization, desensitization, down-regulation) and ligand degradation.
|
253 |
9145910
|
Three BALB 3T3 cell lines were made that stably expressed the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRP-R) with receptor numbers varying by 280-fold (GRP-R-Low, GRP-R-Med, and GRP-R-Hi).
|
254 |
9145910
|
In conclusion, we show that for the PLC-coupled GRP-R, receptor number had little or no effect on binding affinity, potency for activating PLC, tyrosine phosphorylation of p125FAK, or extent of receptor internalization.
|
255 |
9145910
|
These results demonstrate that the effect of receptor number differs for the different functions mediated by the GRP receptor and differs from that reported for adenylate cyclase-coupled receptors such as receptors mediating the action of adrenergic agents, secretin, and opioids.
|