# |
PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
11433005
|
In non-diabetic cells, the stimulatory effect of insulin on adenosine transport was mimicked by dibutyryl cGMP (100 nM) and reduced by inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (10 nM wortmannin), nitric oxide synthase (100 microM N (G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME) or protein synthesis (1 microM cycloheximide), whereas inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (100 microM SQ-22536) had no effect. 5.
|
2 |
11433005
|
Protein levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were similar in non-diabetic and diabetic cells, but were increased by insulin (1 nM, 8 h) only in non-diabetic smooth muscle cells. 7.
|
3 |
11433005
|
Our results suggest that adenosine transport via the es nucleoside transporter is modulated differentially by insulin in either cell type.
|
4 |
11433005
|
Insulin increased adenosine transport in non-diabetic cells via NO and cGMP, but inhibited the diabetes-elevated adenosine transport via activation of adenylyl cyclase, suggesting that the biological actions of adenosine may be altered under conditions of sustained hyperglycaemia in uncontrolled diabetes.
|
5 |
11909821
|
The effects of D-glucose and nucleotides on the number and activity of hENT1 and hENT1 mRNA were blocked by reactive blue 2 (nonspecific P2Y purinoceptor antagonist), suramin (Galpha(s) protein inhibitor), or hexokinase but not by pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (nonselective P2 purinoceptor antagonist).
|
6 |
11909821
|
Our findings demonstrate that inhibition of adenosine transport via hENT1 in endothelial cells cultured in 25 mmol/L D-glucose could be due to stimulation of P2Y2 purinoceptors by ATP, which is released from these cells in response to D-glucose.
|
7 |
11909821
|
The effects of D-glucose and nucleotides on the number and activity of hENT1 and hENT1 mRNA were blocked by reactive blue 2 (nonspecific P2Y purinoceptor antagonist), suramin (Galpha(s) protein inhibitor), or hexokinase but not by pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (nonselective P2 purinoceptor antagonist).
|
8 |
11909821
|
Our findings demonstrate that inhibition of adenosine transport via hENT1 in endothelial cells cultured in 25 mmol/L D-glucose could be due to stimulation of P2Y2 purinoceptors by ATP, which is released from these cells in response to D-glucose.
|
9 |
15272035
|
It is unknown whether the effect of gestational diabetes is associated with activation of these purinoceptors or altered expression of human cationic amino acid transporter 1 (hCAT-1) or human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1), or endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in HUVEC.
|
10 |
15272035
|
Gestational diabetes increased hCAT-1 mRNA expression (2.4-fold) and activity, eNOS mRNA (2.3-fold), protein level (2.1-fold), and phosphorylation (3.8-fold), but reduced hENT1 mRNA expression (32%) and activity.
|
11 |
15272035
|
Gestational diabetes and NBMPR effects involved eNOS, PKC and p42/44(mapk) activation, and were blocked by the A(2a) purinoceptor antagonist ZM-241385.
|
12 |
15272035
|
Thus, gestational diabetes increases the L-arginine/NO pathway involving activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, protein kinase C (PKC) and NO cell signalling cascades following activation of A(2a) purinoceptors by extracellular adenosine.
|
13 |
15272035
|
It is unknown whether the effect of gestational diabetes is associated with activation of these purinoceptors or altered expression of human cationic amino acid transporter 1 (hCAT-1) or human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1), or endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in HUVEC.
|
14 |
15272035
|
Gestational diabetes increased hCAT-1 mRNA expression (2.4-fold) and activity, eNOS mRNA (2.3-fold), protein level (2.1-fold), and phosphorylation (3.8-fold), but reduced hENT1 mRNA expression (32%) and activity.
|
15 |
15272035
|
Gestational diabetes and NBMPR effects involved eNOS, PKC and p42/44(mapk) activation, and were blocked by the A(2a) purinoceptor antagonist ZM-241385.
|
16 |
15272035
|
Thus, gestational diabetes increases the L-arginine/NO pathway involving activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, protein kinase C (PKC) and NO cell signalling cascades following activation of A(2a) purinoceptors by extracellular adenosine.
|
17 |
15345320
|
Performed experiments revealed that rat T lymphocytes expressed the equilibrative nucleoside transporter type 1 and 2 (rENT1, rENT2) and concentrative nucleoside transporter type 2 (rCNT2).
|
18 |
15345320
|
The mRNA levels of rENT2 and rCNT2 were highly dependent on insulin but were not affected by changes in extracellular glucose concentration.
|
19 |
15345320
|
Exposition of T cells to 10nM insulin resulted in 73% increase in rENT2 mRNA and 50% decrease in the rCNT2 mRNA level.
|
20 |
15695555
|
Although RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (ENT-1) and ENT-2 mRNA, functional studies revealed that adenosine transport in HASMCs was predominantly mediated by ENT-1 and inhibited by nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR, IC(50) = 0.69 +/- 0.05 nM).
|
21 |
15695555
|
Treatment of serum-starved cells with the selective inhibitors of MAPK/ERK, PD-98059 (40 microM) and U-0126 (10 microM), abolished the effect of d-glucose on ENT-1.
|
22 |
15695555
|
We conclude that d-glucose upregulates the protein and message expression and functional activity of ENT-1 in HASMCs, possibly via MAPK/ERK-dependent pathways.
|
23 |
15695555
|
Although RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (ENT-1) and ENT-2 mRNA, functional studies revealed that adenosine transport in HASMCs was predominantly mediated by ENT-1 and inhibited by nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR, IC(50) = 0.69 +/- 0.05 nM).
|
24 |
15695555
|
Treatment of serum-starved cells with the selective inhibitors of MAPK/ERK, PD-98059 (40 microM) and U-0126 (10 microM), abolished the effect of d-glucose on ENT-1.
|
25 |
15695555
|
We conclude that d-glucose upregulates the protein and message expression and functional activity of ENT-1 in HASMCs, possibly via MAPK/ERK-dependent pathways.
|
26 |
15695555
|
Although RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (ENT-1) and ENT-2 mRNA, functional studies revealed that adenosine transport in HASMCs was predominantly mediated by ENT-1 and inhibited by nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR, IC(50) = 0.69 +/- 0.05 nM).
|
27 |
15695555
|
Treatment of serum-starved cells with the selective inhibitors of MAPK/ERK, PD-98059 (40 microM) and U-0126 (10 microM), abolished the effect of d-glucose on ENT-1.
|
28 |
15695555
|
We conclude that d-glucose upregulates the protein and message expression and functional activity of ENT-1 in HASMCs, possibly via MAPK/ERK-dependent pathways.
|
29 |
15933265
|
Hypoxia also reduced hENT1 protein and mRNA levels, effects unaltered by N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, nitric oxide synthase [NOS] inhibitor) or PD-98059 (inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 [MEK1/2]).
|
30 |
15933265
|
Hypoxia reduced endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity and eNOS phosphorylation at Ser(1177), but increased eNOS protein level.
|
31 |
16085043
|
Human equilibrative, Na(+)-independent nucleoside transport is mediated by membrane proteins sensitive (system es, hENT1) or insensitive (system ei, hENT2) to nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR).
|
32 |
16085043
|
We studied hENT2 and hENT1 expression in HUVEC, and the effect of D-glucose on their activity and expression in HUVEC preincubated with 25 mM D-glucose (24 h). hENT2 and hENT1 mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and their proteins were detected by Western blotting. hENT2 and hENT1 proteins are co-expressed in HUVEC and are located at the plasma membrane, however, hENT2 was mainly cytoplasmatic and perinuclear in location.
|
33 |
16085043
|
D-Glucose reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression, but only hENT1 protein abundance at the plasma membrane.
|
34 |
16085043
|
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that hENT2 and hENT1 are co-expressed in HUVEC, and even when adenosine transport is also mediated by hENT2, the hENT2-mediated transport activity is not involved in the d-glucose-induced down-regulation of total adenosine transport.
|
35 |
16085043
|
Human equilibrative, Na(+)-independent nucleoside transport is mediated by membrane proteins sensitive (system es, hENT1) or insensitive (system ei, hENT2) to nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR).
|
36 |
16085043
|
We studied hENT2 and hENT1 expression in HUVEC, and the effect of D-glucose on their activity and expression in HUVEC preincubated with 25 mM D-glucose (24 h). hENT2 and hENT1 mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and their proteins were detected by Western blotting. hENT2 and hENT1 proteins are co-expressed in HUVEC and are located at the plasma membrane, however, hENT2 was mainly cytoplasmatic and perinuclear in location.
|
37 |
16085043
|
D-Glucose reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression, but only hENT1 protein abundance at the plasma membrane.
|
38 |
16085043
|
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that hENT2 and hENT1 are co-expressed in HUVEC, and even when adenosine transport is also mediated by hENT2, the hENT2-mediated transport activity is not involved in the d-glucose-induced down-regulation of total adenosine transport.
|
39 |
16085043
|
Human equilibrative, Na(+)-independent nucleoside transport is mediated by membrane proteins sensitive (system es, hENT1) or insensitive (system ei, hENT2) to nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR).
|
40 |
16085043
|
We studied hENT2 and hENT1 expression in HUVEC, and the effect of D-glucose on their activity and expression in HUVEC preincubated with 25 mM D-glucose (24 h). hENT2 and hENT1 mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and their proteins were detected by Western blotting. hENT2 and hENT1 proteins are co-expressed in HUVEC and are located at the plasma membrane, however, hENT2 was mainly cytoplasmatic and perinuclear in location.
|
41 |
16085043
|
D-Glucose reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression, but only hENT1 protein abundance at the plasma membrane.
|
42 |
16085043
|
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that hENT2 and hENT1 are co-expressed in HUVEC, and even when adenosine transport is also mediated by hENT2, the hENT2-mediated transport activity is not involved in the d-glucose-induced down-regulation of total adenosine transport.
|
43 |
16085043
|
Human equilibrative, Na(+)-independent nucleoside transport is mediated by membrane proteins sensitive (system es, hENT1) or insensitive (system ei, hENT2) to nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR).
|
44 |
16085043
|
We studied hENT2 and hENT1 expression in HUVEC, and the effect of D-glucose on their activity and expression in HUVEC preincubated with 25 mM D-glucose (24 h). hENT2 and hENT1 mRNA were quantified by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and their proteins were detected by Western blotting. hENT2 and hENT1 proteins are co-expressed in HUVEC and are located at the plasma membrane, however, hENT2 was mainly cytoplasmatic and perinuclear in location.
|
45 |
16085043
|
D-Glucose reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression, but only hENT1 protein abundance at the plasma membrane.
|
46 |
16085043
|
In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that hENT2 and hENT1 are co-expressed in HUVEC, and even when adenosine transport is also mediated by hENT2, the hENT2-mediated transport activity is not involved in the d-glucose-induced down-regulation of total adenosine transport.
|
47 |
16369729
|
Isolated rat cardiomyocytes displayed the presence of detectable amounts of mRNA for ENT1, ENT2, CNT1, and CNT2.
|
48 |
16369729
|
The expression level of equilibrative transporters (ENT1, ENT2) decreased and of concentrative transporters (CNT1, CNT2) increased in myocytes isolated from diabetic rat.
|
49 |
16369729
|
The activity of ecto-5'-nucleotidase increased 2-fold in diabetic cells resulting in a rise of the activity ratio of ecto-5'-nucleotidase/adenosine deaminase from 28 to 56.These results indicate that in rat cardiomyocytes diabetes alters activities of adenosine metabolizing enzymes in such a way that conversion of AMP to IMP is favored in the cytosolic compartment, whereas the capability to produce adenosine extracellularly is increased.
|
50 |
16369729
|
Isolated rat cardiomyocytes displayed the presence of detectable amounts of mRNA for ENT1, ENT2, CNT1, and CNT2.
|
51 |
16369729
|
The expression level of equilibrative transporters (ENT1, ENT2) decreased and of concentrative transporters (CNT1, CNT2) increased in myocytes isolated from diabetic rat.
|
52 |
16369729
|
The activity of ecto-5'-nucleotidase increased 2-fold in diabetic cells resulting in a rise of the activity ratio of ecto-5'-nucleotidase/adenosine deaminase from 28 to 56.These results indicate that in rat cardiomyocytes diabetes alters activities of adenosine metabolizing enzymes in such a way that conversion of AMP to IMP is favored in the cytosolic compartment, whereas the capability to produce adenosine extracellularly is increased.
|
53 |
16688763
|
HUVEC from gestational diabetes exhibit reduced SLC29A1 promoter activity when transfected with pGL3-hENT1(-2154) compared with pGL3-hENT1(-1114) constructs, an effect blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NOS inhibitor), but unaltered by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
54 |
16688763
|
Adenovirus-silenced eNOS expression increased hENT1 expression and activity in cells from normal or gestational diabetic pregnancies.
|
55 |
16688763
|
HUVEC from gestational diabetes exhibit reduced SLC29A1 promoter activity when transfected with pGL3-hENT1(-2154) compared with pGL3-hENT1(-1114) constructs, an effect blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NOS inhibitor), but unaltered by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
56 |
16688763
|
Adenovirus-silenced eNOS expression increased hENT1 expression and activity in cells from normal or gestational diabetic pregnancies.
|
57 |
16873415
|
Decrease of the insulin level below 10(-11) m resulted in over 3-fold increase in the nucleoside transporter CNT2 mRNA content.
|
58 |
16924660
|
Insulin restores glucose inhibition of adenosine transport by increasing the expression and activity of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in human umbilical vein endothelium.
|
59 |
16924660
|
Adenosine uptake via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and 2 (hENT2) has been proposed as a mechanism regulating adenosine plasma concentration, and therefore its vascular effects in human umbilical veins.
|
60 |
16924660
|
Thus, altered expression and/or activity of hENT1 or hENT2 could lead to abnormal physiological plasma adenosine level.
|
61 |
16924660
|
Insulin increased hENT2 protein abundance in normal or high D-glucose, but reduced hENT1 protein abundance in normal D-glucose.
|
62 |
16924660
|
Insulin did not alter the reduced hENT1 protein abundance, but blocked the reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression induced by high D-glucose.
|
63 |
16924660
|
Insulin effect on hENT1 mRNA expression in normal D-glucose was blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NO synthase inhibitor) and mimicked by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
64 |
16924660
|
L-NAME did not block insulin effect on hENT2 expression.
|
65 |
16924660
|
In conclusion, insulin stimulation of overall adenosine transport results from increased hENT2 expression and activity via a NO-independent mechanism.
|
66 |
16924660
|
Insulin restores glucose inhibition of adenosine transport by increasing the expression and activity of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in human umbilical vein endothelium.
|
67 |
16924660
|
Adenosine uptake via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and 2 (hENT2) has been proposed as a mechanism regulating adenosine plasma concentration, and therefore its vascular effects in human umbilical veins.
|
68 |
16924660
|
Thus, altered expression and/or activity of hENT1 or hENT2 could lead to abnormal physiological plasma adenosine level.
|
69 |
16924660
|
Insulin increased hENT2 protein abundance in normal or high D-glucose, but reduced hENT1 protein abundance in normal D-glucose.
|
70 |
16924660
|
Insulin did not alter the reduced hENT1 protein abundance, but blocked the reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression induced by high D-glucose.
|
71 |
16924660
|
Insulin effect on hENT1 mRNA expression in normal D-glucose was blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NO synthase inhibitor) and mimicked by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
72 |
16924660
|
L-NAME did not block insulin effect on hENT2 expression.
|
73 |
16924660
|
In conclusion, insulin stimulation of overall adenosine transport results from increased hENT2 expression and activity via a NO-independent mechanism.
|
74 |
16924660
|
Insulin restores glucose inhibition of adenosine transport by increasing the expression and activity of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in human umbilical vein endothelium.
|
75 |
16924660
|
Adenosine uptake via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and 2 (hENT2) has been proposed as a mechanism regulating adenosine plasma concentration, and therefore its vascular effects in human umbilical veins.
|
76 |
16924660
|
Thus, altered expression and/or activity of hENT1 or hENT2 could lead to abnormal physiological plasma adenosine level.
|
77 |
16924660
|
Insulin increased hENT2 protein abundance in normal or high D-glucose, but reduced hENT1 protein abundance in normal D-glucose.
|
78 |
16924660
|
Insulin did not alter the reduced hENT1 protein abundance, but blocked the reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression induced by high D-glucose.
|
79 |
16924660
|
Insulin effect on hENT1 mRNA expression in normal D-glucose was blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NO synthase inhibitor) and mimicked by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
80 |
16924660
|
L-NAME did not block insulin effect on hENT2 expression.
|
81 |
16924660
|
In conclusion, insulin stimulation of overall adenosine transport results from increased hENT2 expression and activity via a NO-independent mechanism.
|
82 |
16924660
|
Insulin restores glucose inhibition of adenosine transport by increasing the expression and activity of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in human umbilical vein endothelium.
|
83 |
16924660
|
Adenosine uptake via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and 2 (hENT2) has been proposed as a mechanism regulating adenosine plasma concentration, and therefore its vascular effects in human umbilical veins.
|
84 |
16924660
|
Thus, altered expression and/or activity of hENT1 or hENT2 could lead to abnormal physiological plasma adenosine level.
|
85 |
16924660
|
Insulin increased hENT2 protein abundance in normal or high D-glucose, but reduced hENT1 protein abundance in normal D-glucose.
|
86 |
16924660
|
Insulin did not alter the reduced hENT1 protein abundance, but blocked the reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression induced by high D-glucose.
|
87 |
16924660
|
Insulin effect on hENT1 mRNA expression in normal D-glucose was blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NO synthase inhibitor) and mimicked by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
88 |
16924660
|
L-NAME did not block insulin effect on hENT2 expression.
|
89 |
16924660
|
In conclusion, insulin stimulation of overall adenosine transport results from increased hENT2 expression and activity via a NO-independent mechanism.
|
90 |
16924660
|
Insulin restores glucose inhibition of adenosine transport by increasing the expression and activity of the equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 in human umbilical vein endothelium.
|
91 |
16924660
|
Adenosine uptake via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and 2 (hENT2) has been proposed as a mechanism regulating adenosine plasma concentration, and therefore its vascular effects in human umbilical veins.
|
92 |
16924660
|
Thus, altered expression and/or activity of hENT1 or hENT2 could lead to abnormal physiological plasma adenosine level.
|
93 |
16924660
|
Insulin increased hENT2 protein abundance in normal or high D-glucose, but reduced hENT1 protein abundance in normal D-glucose.
|
94 |
16924660
|
Insulin did not alter the reduced hENT1 protein abundance, but blocked the reduced hENT1 and hENT2 mRNA expression induced by high D-glucose.
|
95 |
16924660
|
Insulin effect on hENT1 mRNA expression in normal D-glucose was blocked by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NO synthase inhibitor) and mimicked by S-nitroso-N-acetyl-L,D-penicillamine (SNAP, NO donor).
|
96 |
16924660
|
L-NAME did not block insulin effect on hENT2 expression.
|
97 |
16924660
|
In conclusion, insulin stimulation of overall adenosine transport results from increased hENT2 expression and activity via a NO-independent mechanism.
|
98 |
20140240
|
Mutations in SLC29A3, encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3, cause a familial histiocytosis syndrome (Faisalabad histiocytosis) and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease.
|
99 |
20140240
|
SLC29A3 encodes an intracellular equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT3) with affinity for adenosine.
|
100 |
20140240
|
Recently germline mutations in SLC29A3 were also described in two rare autosomal recessive disorders with overlapping phenotypes: (a) H syndrome (MIM 612391) that is characterised by cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis, hepatomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, and hypogonadism; and (b) PHID (pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) syndrome.
|
101 |
20140240
|
Mutations in SLC29A3, encoding an equilibrative nucleoside transporter ENT3, cause a familial histiocytosis syndrome (Faisalabad histiocytosis) and familial Rosai-Dorfman disease.
|
102 |
20140240
|
SLC29A3 encodes an intracellular equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT3) with affinity for adenosine.
|
103 |
20140240
|
Recently germline mutations in SLC29A3 were also described in two rare autosomal recessive disorders with overlapping phenotypes: (a) H syndrome (MIM 612391) that is characterised by cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis, hepatomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, and hypogonadism; and (b) PHID (pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) syndrome.
|
104 |
20595384
|
Among these include H syndrome, characterized by scleroderma, hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hepatomegaly, cardiac abnormalities and musculoskeletal deformities, pigmented hypertrichotic dermatosis with insulin-dependent diabetes syndrome, characterized by autoantibody-negative diabetes mellitus and skin deformities, familial Rosai-Dorfman disease, characterized by short stature, familial histiocytosis and sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML), characterized by severe tissue infiltration of immune cells and swollen lymph nodes. hENT3 spectrum disorders share a common mutation and share overlapping clinical manifestations that display many intriguing resemblances to mitochondrial and lysosomal disorders.
|
105 |
20595384
|
Although earlier studies identify hENT3 as a mitochondrial and a lysosomal nucleoside transporter, the precise connections between hENT3 and the pathophysiology of these disorders remain unresolved.
|
106 |
20595384
|
In addition to transport alterations, we provide evidence for possible loss of hENT3 functions in all H and pigmented hypertrichotic dermatosis with insulin-dependent diabetes syndromes due to either mistrafficking or altered stability of mutant hENT3 proteins.
|
107 |
20619369
|
H syndrome and pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin dependent diabetes (PHID) are allelic autosomal recessive syndromes reported in the last year to be caused by mutations in the SLC29A3 gene, which encodes the equilibrative nucleoside transporter hENT3.
|
108 |
21215450
|
These alterations are associated with modifications in the expression and activity of endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) NO synthases, respectively, an effect that is maintained at least up to passage 5 in culture.
|
109 |
21215450
|
HUVEC and hPMEC exhibit expression and activity of the human cationic amino acid transporter 1 (hCAT-1), equilibrative nucleoside transporters 1 (hENT1) and hENT2, as well as the corresponding SLC7A1, SLC29A1 and SLC29A2 gene promoter activities.
|
110 |
21266914
|
In endothelial cells, 60%, 10%, and 30% of adenosine transport are mediated by ENT-1, ENT-2, and CNT-2, respectively.
|
111 |
21266914
|
It has been speculated that the increase in the activities of ENT-1 and CNT-2 may reduce the availability of adenosine to adenosine receptors, thereby weakening the vascular functions of adenosine.
|
112 |
21266914
|
In endothelial cells, 60%, 10%, and 30% of adenosine transport are mediated by ENT-1, ENT-2, and CNT-2, respectively.
|
113 |
21266914
|
It has been speculated that the increase in the activities of ENT-1 and CNT-2 may reduce the availability of adenosine to adenosine receptors, thereby weakening the vascular functions of adenosine.
|
114 |
23685153
|
Extracellular concentrations of adenosine are regulated by the interplay of equiliberative nucleoside transporter (ENT)s with enzymes of adenosine metabolism including adenosine deaminase-1 (ADA1), adenosine kinase (AK) and CD73.
|