# |
PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
8911988
|
Freshly isolated rat cardiomyocytes, primary cultured cardiomyocytes and the cardiac cell line H9c2 were used to elucidate acute and chronic effects of the sulfonylurea glimepiride on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and on the expression of the transporter isoforms GLUT1 and GLUT4.
|
2 |
8911988
|
In the former cells the sulfonylurea increased the expression of both GLUT1 and GLUT4 to 164 +/- 21 and 148 +/- 5% of control, respectively.
|
3 |
8911988
|
It is concluded that glimepiride increases cardiac glucose uptake by an insulin-independent pathway most probably involving an increased protein expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4.
|
4 |
11237212
|
Intracellular organization of insulin signaling and GLUT4 translocation.
|
5 |
11237212
|
Currently, there are five established functional facilitative glucose transporter isoforms (GLUT1-4 and GLUTX1), with GLUT5 being a fructose transporter.
|
6 |
11237212
|
GLUT3 is expressed primarily in neurons and, together, GLUT1 and GLUT3 allow glucose to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter neurons.
|
7 |
11237212
|
The GLUT4 isoform is the major insulin-responsive transporter that is predominantly restricted to striated muscle and adipose tissue.
|
8 |
11237212
|
In contrast to the other GLUT isoforms, which are primarily localized to the cell surface membrane, GLUT4 transporter proteins are sequestered into specialized storage vesicles that remain within the cell's interior under basal conditions.
|
9 |
11237212
|
As postprandial glucose levels rise, the subsequent increase in circulating insulin activates intracellular signaling cascades that ultimately result in the translocation of the GLUT4 storage compartments to the plasma membrane.
|
10 |
11237212
|
Importantly, this process is readily reversible such that when circulating insulin levels decline, GLUT4 transporters are removed from the plasma membrane by endocytosis and are recycled back to their intracellular storage compartments.
|
11 |
11237212
|
Therefore, by establishing an internal membrane compartment as the default localization for the GLUT4 transporters, insulin-responsive tissues are poised to respond rapidly and efficiently to fluctuations in circulating insulin levels.
|
12 |
11237212
|
This chapter will focus on recently elucidated insulin signal transduction pathways and GLUT4 vesicle trafficking components that are necessary for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation in adipocytes.
|
13 |
12271485
|
These results demonstrate that GLUT8 undergoes rapid translocation to the rough ER in the rat hippocampus following peripheral glucose administration, trafficking that is impaired in STZ diabetes, suggesting that insulin serves as a stimulus for GLUT8 translocation in hippocampal neurons.
|
14 |
12697674
|
In diabetic scenarios, GLUT8 mRNA levels were correlated with circulating insulin; specifically, GLUT8 mRNA decreased in a type 1 diabetes model and increased in a type 2 diabetes model, suggesting a regulatory role for insulin in GLUT8 mRNA expression.
|
15 |
15741607
|
Additionally, GLUT8 expression was studied using two different models of insulin resistance, GLUT4-/- and db/db mice.
|
16 |
19756716
|
Sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter (GLUT)1, GLUT2, and GLUT8 transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in isolated ducts.
|
17 |
20224212
|
Pancreatic duct cells express Na(+)-dependent glucose transporter, SGLT1 and Na(+)-independent glucose transporters, GLUT1, GLUT2, and GLUT8.
|