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PMID |
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1 |
11342531
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Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6, and hormones, such as growth hormone, are known to cause insulin resistance, but the mechanisms by which they inhibit the cellular response to insulin have not been elucidated.
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11342531
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SOCS proteins are therefore attractive candidates as mediators of cytokine-induced insulin resistance.
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3 |
11342531
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We have found that SOCS-1 and SOCS-6 interact with the IR when expressed in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) or in rat hepatoma cells overexpressing the human IR.
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4 |
11342531
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In SOCS-1-expressing cells, insulin treatment increases the extent of interaction with the IR, whereas in SOCS-6-expressing cells the association with the IR appears to require insulin treatment.
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5 |
11342531
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SOCS-1 and SOCS-6 do not inhibit insulin-dependent IR autophosphorylation, but both proteins inhibit insulin-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and protein kinase B in vivo and IR-directed phosphorylation of IRS-1 in vitro.
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6 |
11342531
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These results suggest that SOCS proteins may be inhibitors of IR signaling and could mediate cytokine-induced insulin resistance and contribute to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes.
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7 |
11342531
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Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6, and hormones, such as growth hormone, are known to cause insulin resistance, but the mechanisms by which they inhibit the cellular response to insulin have not been elucidated.
|
8 |
11342531
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SOCS proteins are therefore attractive candidates as mediators of cytokine-induced insulin resistance.
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9 |
11342531
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We have found that SOCS-1 and SOCS-6 interact with the IR when expressed in human hepatoma cells (HepG2) or in rat hepatoma cells overexpressing the human IR.
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10 |
11342531
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In SOCS-1-expressing cells, insulin treatment increases the extent of interaction with the IR, whereas in SOCS-6-expressing cells the association with the IR appears to require insulin treatment.
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11 |
11342531
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SOCS-1 and SOCS-6 do not inhibit insulin-dependent IR autophosphorylation, but both proteins inhibit insulin-dependent activation of ERK1/2 and protein kinase B in vivo and IR-directed phosphorylation of IRS-1 in vitro.
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12 |
11342531
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These results suggest that SOCS proteins may be inhibitors of IR signaling and could mediate cytokine-induced insulin resistance and contribute to the pathogenesis of type II diabetes.
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13 |
11994496
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We examined the expression of IFN-gamma, a characteristic Th1 cytokine, and IL-4, a characteristic Th2 cytokine, in islet infiltrates of female and male NOD mice at various ages.
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14 |
11994496
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IFN-gamma was significantly higher in young females, whereas IL-4 was higher in young males.
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15 |
11994496
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CD4(+) T cells isolated from lymph nodes of female mice and activated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs produced more IFN-gamma, but less IL-4, as compared with males.
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16 |
11994496
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Treatment of CD4(+) T cells with estrogen significantly increased, whereas testosterone treatment decreased the IL-12-induced production of IFN-gamma.
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17 |
11994496
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We then examined whether the change in IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production by treatment with sex hormones was due to the regulation of STAT4 activation.
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18 |
11994496
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We found that estrogen treatment increased the phosphorylation of STAT4 in IL-12-stimulated T cells.
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19 |
11994496
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We conclude that the increased susceptibility of female NOD mice to the development of autoimmune diabetes could be due to the enhancement of the Th1 immune response through the increase of IL-12-induced STAT4 activation by estrogen.
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20 |
11994496
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We examined the expression of IFN-gamma, a characteristic Th1 cytokine, and IL-4, a characteristic Th2 cytokine, in islet infiltrates of female and male NOD mice at various ages.
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21 |
11994496
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IFN-gamma was significantly higher in young females, whereas IL-4 was higher in young males.
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22 |
11994496
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CD4(+) T cells isolated from lymph nodes of female mice and activated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs produced more IFN-gamma, but less IL-4, as compared with males.
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23 |
11994496
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Treatment of CD4(+) T cells with estrogen significantly increased, whereas testosterone treatment decreased the IL-12-induced production of IFN-gamma.
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24 |
11994496
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We then examined whether the change in IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production by treatment with sex hormones was due to the regulation of STAT4 activation.
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25 |
11994496
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We found that estrogen treatment increased the phosphorylation of STAT4 in IL-12-stimulated T cells.
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26 |
11994496
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We conclude that the increased susceptibility of female NOD mice to the development of autoimmune diabetes could be due to the enhancement of the Th1 immune response through the increase of IL-12-induced STAT4 activation by estrogen.
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27 |
11994496
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We examined the expression of IFN-gamma, a characteristic Th1 cytokine, and IL-4, a characteristic Th2 cytokine, in islet infiltrates of female and male NOD mice at various ages.
|
28 |
11994496
|
IFN-gamma was significantly higher in young females, whereas IL-4 was higher in young males.
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29 |
11994496
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CD4(+) T cells isolated from lymph nodes of female mice and activated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 Abs produced more IFN-gamma, but less IL-4, as compared with males.
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30 |
11994496
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Treatment of CD4(+) T cells with estrogen significantly increased, whereas testosterone treatment decreased the IL-12-induced production of IFN-gamma.
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31 |
11994496
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We then examined whether the change in IL-12-induced IFN-gamma production by treatment with sex hormones was due to the regulation of STAT4 activation.
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32 |
11994496
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We found that estrogen treatment increased the phosphorylation of STAT4 in IL-12-stimulated T cells.
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33 |
11994496
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We conclude that the increased susceptibility of female NOD mice to the development of autoimmune diabetes could be due to the enhancement of the Th1 immune response through the increase of IL-12-induced STAT4 activation by estrogen.
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34 |
17010638
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Attenuation of leptin and insulin signaling by SOCS proteins.
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35 |
17010638
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Leptin and insulin are key hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance and glucose homeostasis.
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36 |
17010638
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Specific members of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of proteins are now thought to have a role in the development of leptin and insulin resistance owing to their ability to inhibit leptin and insulin signaling pathways.
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37 |
17010638
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In the case of leptin, current evidence suggests that SOCS3 appears to be of particular importance in the development of leptin resistance, whereas the ability to diminish insulin action has been described for several SOCS proteins (SOCS1, SOCS3, SOCS6 and SOCS7).
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38 |
19120275
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In an effort to discover non-HLA genes affecting susceptibility to type 1 diabetes (T1D), we have investigated the association of polymorphisms in STAT4, an important signaling molecule of IL-12, gammaIFN, and IL-23, in a sample of 389 T1D patients and 152 nondiabetic controls in Korea.
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39 |
19661066
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Berberine differentially modulates the activities of ERK, p38 MAPK, and JNK to suppress Th17 and Th1 T cell differentiation in type 1 diabetic mice.
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40 |
19661066
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We found that berberine inhibited Th17 differentiation by activating ERK1/2 and inhibited Th1 differentiation by inhibiting p38 MAPK and JNK activation.
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41 |
19661066
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Berberine down-regulated the activity of STAT1 and STAT4 through the suppression of p38 MAPK and JNK activation, and it controlled the stability of STAT4 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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42 |
19661066
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This study revealed a novel role of ERK in Th17 differentiation through down-regulation of STAT3 phosphorylation and RORgamma t expression.
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