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Gene Information
Gene symbol: TPO
Gene name: thyroid peroxidase
HGNC ID: 12015
Synonyms: TPX
Related Genes
| # | Gene Symbol | Number of hits |
| 1 | ACTB | 1 hits |
| 2 | ADCY10 | 1 hits |
| 3 | ATP4A | 1 hits |
| 4 | AXPC1 | 1 hits |
| 5 | BTG3 | 1 hits |
| 6 | CCL2 | 1 hits |
| 7 | CCL5 | 1 hits |
| 8 | CD8A | 1 hits |
| 9 | CTLA4 | 1 hits |
| 10 | CXCL10 | 1 hits |
| 11 | CXCL9 | 1 hits |
| 12 | CYP21A2 | 1 hits |
| 13 | FOXE1 | 1 hits |
| 14 | FSHR | 1 hits |
| 15 | GAD1 | 1 hits |
| 16 | GAD2 | 1 hits |
| 17 | HLA-DQA1 | 1 hits |
| 18 | HSPA1A | 1 hits |
| 19 | HSPA8 | 1 hits |
| 20 | IDDM2 | 1 hits |
| 21 | IFNA1 | 1 hits |
| 22 | IGF1 | 1 hits |
| 23 | IGF2 | 1 hits |
| 24 | IL6 | 1 hits |
| 25 | INS | 1 hits |
| 26 | LAMC2 | 1 hits |
| 27 | MBP | 1 hits |
| 28 | ME1 | 1 hits |
| 29 | NKX2-1 | 1 hits |
| 30 | NOX5 | 1 hits |
| 31 | PAX8 | 1 hits |
| 32 | PRDX4 | 1 hits |
| 33 | PTPRN | 1 hits |
| 34 | RHOH | 1 hits |
| 35 | SLC5A5 | 1 hits |
| 36 | TBX1 | 1 hits |
| 37 | TG | 1 hits |
| 38 | TGM2 | 1 hits |
| 39 | TNF | 1 hits |
| 40 | TSHB | 1 hits |
| 41 | TSHR | 1 hits |
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 1283175 | It is proposed that, in the thyroid, hormonal (TSH, insulin, hydrocortisone, IGF-I) suppression of class I genes might be one means of preserving self-tolerance in the face of the hormone action to increase the expression of tissue specific genes such as thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase. |
| 2 | 1283175 | Thus, it would result in increased antigen presentation to the immune system, particularly those autoantigens increased by TSH and its cAMP signal such as thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase, or whose turnover is increased by TSH and its cAMP signal, such as the TSH receptor. |
| 3 | 1283175 | It is proposed that, in the thyroid, hormonal (TSH, insulin, hydrocortisone, IGF-I) suppression of class I genes might be one means of preserving self-tolerance in the face of the hormone action to increase the expression of tissue specific genes such as thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase. |
| 4 | 1283175 | Thus, it would result in increased antigen presentation to the immune system, particularly those autoantigens increased by TSH and its cAMP signal such as thyroglobulin or thyroid peroxidase, or whose turnover is increased by TSH and its cAMP signal, such as the TSH receptor. |
| 5 | 1311856 | Treatment of FRTL-5 thyrocytes with physiological concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) has been shown to induce increased expressed of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase but to simultaneously decrease expression of the TSH receptor. |
| 6 | 1311856 | In the present study, it is demonstrated that, in thyrocytes treated with TSH, MHC class I expression decreases concomitant with the decrease in TSH receptor expression. |
| 7 | 1381373 | A variety of hormones and growth factors that regulate the growth and function of these thyroid cells were found to decrease class I RNA levels: serum, insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and hydrocortisone. |
| 8 | 1381373 | The class I response to TSH, serum, insulin, IGF-I, or hydrocortisone is specific, in that the same agents do not similarly affect TSH receptor, thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, malic enzyme, or beta-actin RNA levels. |
| 9 | 1752338 | [Studies on the iodide metabolism and the expression of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA in the thyroid of BB/W rats]. |
| 10 | 1752338 | The expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) mRNA in BB/W and Wistar rats was then examined using the Northern blot analysis. |
| 11 | 1752338 | [Studies on the iodide metabolism and the expression of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA in the thyroid of BB/W rats]. |
| 12 | 1752338 | The expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) mRNA in BB/W and Wistar rats was then examined using the Northern blot analysis. |
| 13 | 1842345 | The direct effects of insulin, GH, IGFs, basic FGF and EGF on transplant growth and tissue differentiation were evaluated. |
| 14 | 1842345 | Infused rat IGF-II (MSA) was more effective at stimulating growth of embryo transplants than was recombinant human IGF-I. |
| 15 | 1957265 | Chondrocytes originating from the mandibular arch in general appeared more sensitive to MSA and IGF-II than those from the limb buds. |
| 16 | 2028711 | During pregnancy, thyroid microsomal antibodies were present in 17/85, antibodies against thyroid peroxidase in 16/85, thyroglobulin antibodies in 2/85, parietal cell antibodies in 23/85, adrenal antibodies in 4/77, rheumatoid factor in 15/85, and thyroid-stimulating antibodies in 43/85. |
| 17 | 2387197 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of screening for thyroid disease by performing thyroid function tests and measuring thyroid autoantibodies in 371 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 18 | 2387197 | We analyzed clinical data and results of serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine uptake, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and antibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin. |
| 19 | 2387197 | We recommend that all children and adolescents be screened shortly after diagnosis of IDDM by determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone (measured by high-sensitivity assay) to identify thyroid dysfunction and by testing for antibody to thyroid microsomal antigen to characterize both risk of future thyroid dysfunction and the need for future testing. |
| 20 | 2387197 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of screening for thyroid disease by performing thyroid function tests and measuring thyroid autoantibodies in 371 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 21 | 2387197 | We analyzed clinical data and results of serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine uptake, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and antibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin. |
| 22 | 2387197 | We recommend that all children and adolescents be screened shortly after diagnosis of IDDM by determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone (measured by high-sensitivity assay) to identify thyroid dysfunction and by testing for antibody to thyroid microsomal antigen to characterize both risk of future thyroid dysfunction and the need for future testing. |
| 23 | 2547682 | Nearly all (389/405, 96%) children (0-14 years) in Sweden, who developed diabetes during one year, were therefore studied to compare islet cell, thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, and gastric H+, K+-ATPase antibodies with 321 age, sex, and geographically matched, but non-related, control children. |
| 24 | 2547682 | Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (8%), thyroglobulin (6%), and gastric H+, K+-ATPase (3%) were all increased in the patients compared with the control children, being 2% (p less than 0.001), 2% (p less than 0.01), and 0.3% (p less than 0.01), respectively. |
| 25 | 2547682 | Nearly all (389/405, 96%) children (0-14 years) in Sweden, who developed diabetes during one year, were therefore studied to compare islet cell, thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, and gastric H+, K+-ATPase antibodies with 321 age, sex, and geographically matched, but non-related, control children. |
| 26 | 2547682 | Autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (8%), thyroglobulin (6%), and gastric H+, K+-ATPase (3%) were all increased in the patients compared with the control children, being 2% (p less than 0.001), 2% (p less than 0.01), and 0.3% (p less than 0.01), respectively. |
| 27 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 28 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 29 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 30 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 31 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 32 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 33 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 34 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 35 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 36 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 37 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 38 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 39 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 40 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 41 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 42 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 43 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 44 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 45 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 46 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 47 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 48 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 49 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 50 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 51 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 52 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 53 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 54 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 55 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 56 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 57 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 58 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 59 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 60 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 61 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 62 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 63 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 64 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 65 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 66 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 67 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 68 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 69 | 2691880 | Thyroid peroxidase: rat cDNA sequence, chromosomal localization in mouse, and regulation of gene expression by comparison to thyroglobulin in rat FRTL-5 cells. |
| 70 | 2691880 | The cDNA has been used to map the thyroid peroxidase gene in mice to chromosome 12 and to compare thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin gene expression in FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells. |
| 71 | 2691880 | Despite the fact TSH action in both cases is duplicated, and presumably mediated, by cAMP, TSH-induced increases in thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin mRNA levels differ. |
| 72 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin, but not thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels, requires insulin, 5% serum, or insulin-like growth factor-I. |
| 73 | 2691880 | Insulin or insulin-like growth factor-I alone can increase thyroglobulin mRNA levels as well as or better than TSH but have only a small effect on thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels by comparison to TSH. |
| 74 | 2691880 | The ability of TSH to increase thyroglobulin gene expression is readily detected in nuclear run-on assays but not the ability of TSH to increase thyroid peroxidase gene expression. |
| 75 | 2691880 | Finally, methimazole and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate show different effects on TSH-induced increases in thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase mRNA levels. |
| 76 | 3203967 | The effect of T4 on the incidence of lymphocytic thyroiditis and on titers of antibodies to thyroglobulin and thyroid microsomal antigen was studied in BB/W rats that are prone to develop spontaneously autoimmune thyroiditis and diabetes. |
| 77 | 3769971 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG and complement-fixing-ICA), parietal cell antibodies (PCA), intestinal epithelial cell antibodies (IECA), thyroglobulin (TgA) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (MsA), antinuclear (ANA) and reticulin antibodies (RA), were studied in 55 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (30 males and 25 females), aged 2-19 years with diabetes from a few days up to 14 years. |
| 78 | 3769971 | In 58% of the diabetics one or more autoantibodies were found: ICA-IgG (31%), CF-ICA (16%), PCA (34%), TgA (9%), MsA (9%), ANA (13%), RA (2%). |
| 79 | 3769971 | ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, ANA were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. |
| 80 | 3769971 | The frequency of ICA-IgG and CF-ICA was significantly higher during the first 3 years of disease than afterwards (P less than 0.001); a similar pattern was observed for PCA, TgA, MsA. |
| 81 | 3769971 | Of the 87 parents and 30 siblings screened for ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, IECA, TgA, MsA, ANA and RA, 42 (44%) had one or more autoantibodies, which were more frequent in females than in males. |
| 82 | 3769971 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG and complement-fixing-ICA), parietal cell antibodies (PCA), intestinal epithelial cell antibodies (IECA), thyroglobulin (TgA) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (MsA), antinuclear (ANA) and reticulin antibodies (RA), were studied in 55 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (30 males and 25 females), aged 2-19 years with diabetes from a few days up to 14 years. |
| 83 | 3769971 | In 58% of the diabetics one or more autoantibodies were found: ICA-IgG (31%), CF-ICA (16%), PCA (34%), TgA (9%), MsA (9%), ANA (13%), RA (2%). |
| 84 | 3769971 | ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, ANA were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. |
| 85 | 3769971 | The frequency of ICA-IgG and CF-ICA was significantly higher during the first 3 years of disease than afterwards (P less than 0.001); a similar pattern was observed for PCA, TgA, MsA. |
| 86 | 3769971 | Of the 87 parents and 30 siblings screened for ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, IECA, TgA, MsA, ANA and RA, 42 (44%) had one or more autoantibodies, which were more frequent in females than in males. |
| 87 | 3769971 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG and complement-fixing-ICA), parietal cell antibodies (PCA), intestinal epithelial cell antibodies (IECA), thyroglobulin (TgA) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (MsA), antinuclear (ANA) and reticulin antibodies (RA), were studied in 55 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (30 males and 25 females), aged 2-19 years with diabetes from a few days up to 14 years. |
| 88 | 3769971 | In 58% of the diabetics one or more autoantibodies were found: ICA-IgG (31%), CF-ICA (16%), PCA (34%), TgA (9%), MsA (9%), ANA (13%), RA (2%). |
| 89 | 3769971 | ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, ANA were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. |
| 90 | 3769971 | The frequency of ICA-IgG and CF-ICA was significantly higher during the first 3 years of disease than afterwards (P less than 0.001); a similar pattern was observed for PCA, TgA, MsA. |
| 91 | 3769971 | Of the 87 parents and 30 siblings screened for ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, IECA, TgA, MsA, ANA and RA, 42 (44%) had one or more autoantibodies, which were more frequent in females than in males. |
| 92 | 3769971 | Islet cell antibodies (ICA-IgG and complement-fixing-ICA), parietal cell antibodies (PCA), intestinal epithelial cell antibodies (IECA), thyroglobulin (TgA) and thyroid microsomal antibodies (MsA), antinuclear (ANA) and reticulin antibodies (RA), were studied in 55 insulin-dependent diabetic patients (30 males and 25 females), aged 2-19 years with diabetes from a few days up to 14 years. |
| 93 | 3769971 | In 58% of the diabetics one or more autoantibodies were found: ICA-IgG (31%), CF-ICA (16%), PCA (34%), TgA (9%), MsA (9%), ANA (13%), RA (2%). |
| 94 | 3769971 | ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, ANA were significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. |
| 95 | 3769971 | The frequency of ICA-IgG and CF-ICA was significantly higher during the first 3 years of disease than afterwards (P less than 0.001); a similar pattern was observed for PCA, TgA, MsA. |
| 96 | 3769971 | Of the 87 parents and 30 siblings screened for ICA-IgG, CF-ICA, PCA, IECA, TgA, MsA, ANA and RA, 42 (44%) had one or more autoantibodies, which were more frequent in females than in males. |
| 97 | 6753472 | 160 children and young adults (aged 7-21 years) and 84 diabetics (aged 2-19 years) were screened for thyroglobulin (TgA), thyroid microsomal (MsA), smooth muscle (SMA), parietal cell (PCA), reticulin (RA), glomerular (GIA) and mitochondrial (MA) antibodies. |
| 98 | 7709602 | Both events are regulated by TSHR via a multiplicity of signals, with the aid of and requirement for a multiplicity of hormones that regulate the TSHR via receptor cross-talk: insulin, IGF-I, adrenergic receptors, and purinergic receptors. |
| 99 | 7709602 | TTF-1 is implicated as a critical autoregulatory component in both positive and negative regulation of the TSHR and appears to be the link between TSH, the TSHR, TSHR-mediated signals, TG and TPO biosynthesis, and thyroid hormone formation. |
| 100 | 7709602 | Differentially regulated expression of the TSHR and TG by cAMP and insulin depend on differences in the specificity of the TTF-1 site, that is, the lack of Pax-8 interactions with the TSHR, and the IRE sites. |
| 101 | 7742656 | To clarify the value of autoantibodies as risk factors of complications in various endocrine abnormalities, the incidence of autoantibodies to thyroid microsomal antigen (ATMA), thyroglobulin, and the surface antigens of the rat islet, adrenal cortex, adenohypophyseal cells and human skin fibroblasts was studied in patients with insulin-dependent mellitus (IDDM), at the onset of the disease and during one-year insulin therapy, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, diabetes associated with thyroidal dysfunction, euthyroid polynodular goiter, Schmidt and polyglandular syndromes and in the population. |
| 102 | 7828540 | Characterization of an up-stream thyroid transcription factor-1-binding site in the thyrotropin receptor promoter. |
| 103 | 7828540 | A thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1)-binding element in the rat TSH receptor (TSHR) promoter, between -189 and -175 basepairs (bp), is important for both thyroid-specific expression and thyroid-specific TSH/cAMP autoregulation of the TSHR. |
| 104 | 7828540 | Sequence analysis identifies a potential TTF-1 site at -878 bp; deoxyribonuclease-I footprinting shows that the -881 to -866 bp region is protected by recombinant TTF-1 protein and by nuclear extracts from FRTL-5 thyroid cells that contain TTF-1, but not by extracts from nonfunctioning FRT thyroid or Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells, which have no TTF-1, or by Pax-8. |
| 105 | 7828540 | FRTL-5, but not FRT or BRL cell nuclear extracts, form a specific protein-DNA complex with this region in gel mobility shift analyses; its formation is prevented by TTF-1-binding elements from the thyroglobulin promoter. |
| 106 | 7828540 | There is a greater increase, 3-vs. 2-fold (P < 0.05), when TSHR promoter-CAT chimeras, which contain the up-stream TTF-1 element, pTRCAT5'-907 or pTRCAT5'-886, as opposed to those in which it is deleted, pTRCAT5'-907 delta USTTF-1, are transfected into FRTL-5 cells or cotransfected with a TTF-1 expression vector into BRL cells, which have no endogenous TTF-1. |
| 107 | 7828540 | Like the down-stream TSHR TTF-1-binding site, the up-stream TTF-1 site is different from TTF-1 sites in the thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase promoter, in that it does not interact with Pax-8. |
| 108 | 7833679 | In human AITD, recent studies have demonstrated that CD8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) and CD8+CD11b+ ("pure suppressor") cells are activated by irrelevant antigen normally, but are significantly less well activated in response to thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase. |
| 109 | 7833679 | In further similar studies, CD8+ cells from patients with Graves' disease (GD) are induced normally in response to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), the putative beta cell antigen important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but significantly less to synthetic TSH receptor (TSHR). |
| 110 | 7833679 | Conversely, CD8+ cells from patients with IDDM are activated normally in response to TSHR, but significantly less to GAD-65. |
| 111 | 7867883 | Sera obtained at diagnosis from 273 children (0-14 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied to compare different autoantibody levels. |
| 112 | 7867883 | Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase were measured by radioimmunoprecipitation, insulin autoantibodies (on 176 sera collected within 4 days of initiation of insulin therapy) by radioimmunoassay, thyroid peroxidase and antigliadin IgA antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and anti-endomysial IgA and islet cell antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. |
| 113 | 7867883 | Of the sera 69% were positive for anti-glutamate decarboxylase, 65% for insulin autoantibodies, 71% for islet cell antibodies (> or = 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units), 10% for anti-thyroid peroxidase, 2.6% for antigliadin and 3.0% for anti-endomysial antibodies. |
| 114 | 7867883 | Sera obtained at diagnosis from 273 children (0-14 years) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were studied to compare different autoantibody levels. |
| 115 | 7867883 | Antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase were measured by radioimmunoprecipitation, insulin autoantibodies (on 176 sera collected within 4 days of initiation of insulin therapy) by radioimmunoassay, thyroid peroxidase and antigliadin IgA antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and anti-endomysial IgA and islet cell antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. |
| 116 | 7867883 | Of the sera 69% were positive for anti-glutamate decarboxylase, 65% for insulin autoantibodies, 71% for islet cell antibodies (> or = 20 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units), 10% for anti-thyroid peroxidase, 2.6% for antigliadin and 3.0% for anti-endomysial antibodies. |
| 117 | 7962336 | Bispecific thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase autoantibodies in patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases. |
| 118 | 7962336 | Recent evidence indicates that thyroid autoimmune disorders are associated with the presence of circulating autoantibodies (aAb) with dual specificity for thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO). |
| 119 | 7962336 | In the present study, we compared levels of aAb that cross-react with both TG and TPO (TGPO aAb) and total TG and TPO aAb levels, respectively, in sera from 84 normal controls and 226 patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases, including nontoxic goiter (n = 50), toxic nodular goiter (n = 13), thyroid carcinoma (n = 20), primary idiopathic myxedema (n = 15), postpartum thyroiditis (n = 11), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 38), pernicious anemia (n = 27), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 19), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 33). |
| 120 | 7962336 | Bispecific thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase autoantibodies in patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases. |
| 121 | 7962336 | Recent evidence indicates that thyroid autoimmune disorders are associated with the presence of circulating autoantibodies (aAb) with dual specificity for thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO). |
| 122 | 7962336 | In the present study, we compared levels of aAb that cross-react with both TG and TPO (TGPO aAb) and total TG and TPO aAb levels, respectively, in sera from 84 normal controls and 226 patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases, including nontoxic goiter (n = 50), toxic nodular goiter (n = 13), thyroid carcinoma (n = 20), primary idiopathic myxedema (n = 15), postpartum thyroiditis (n = 11), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 38), pernicious anemia (n = 27), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 19), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 33). |
| 123 | 7962336 | Bispecific thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase autoantibodies in patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases. |
| 124 | 7962336 | Recent evidence indicates that thyroid autoimmune disorders are associated with the presence of circulating autoantibodies (aAb) with dual specificity for thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroperoxidase (TPO). |
| 125 | 7962336 | In the present study, we compared levels of aAb that cross-react with both TG and TPO (TGPO aAb) and total TG and TPO aAb levels, respectively, in sera from 84 normal controls and 226 patients with various thyroid and autoimmune diseases, including nontoxic goiter (n = 50), toxic nodular goiter (n = 13), thyroid carcinoma (n = 20), primary idiopathic myxedema (n = 15), postpartum thyroiditis (n = 11), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (n = 38), pernicious anemia (n = 27), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 19), and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 33). |
| 126 | 7997232 | Thyroid-specific expression and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate autoregulation of the thyrotropin receptor gene involves thyroid transcription factor-1. |
| 127 | 7997232 | The protection is duplicated by TTF-1, and the protected element has only a two-base mismatch from the consensus TTF-1 element identified in the thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroid peroxidase minimal promoters. |
| 128 | 7997232 | A role for the TSHR/TTF-1 binding element in thyroid-specific expression of the TSHR gene is evidenced as follows. |
| 129 | 7997232 | A nonsense mutation of the TTF-1 binding element eliminated TTF-1-induced activation of TSHR promoter activity in FRT or BRL cells and reduced TSHR promoter activity in FRTL-5 thyroid cells. |
| 130 | 7997232 | In contrast, mutation of this element to the TTF-1 consensus sequence of the TG or thyroid peroxidase promoter had no significant influence on TSHR promoter activity. |
| 131 | 7997232 | The activity of the TSHR/TTF-1 binding element requires a functioning cAMP response element (CRE). |
| 132 | 7997232 | Thus, TTF-1 activity is lost when the CRE site is mutated to a nonfunctional, nonpalindromic sequence; it is, in contrast, maximized when CRE activity is maximized by its mutation to a consensus AP1 element. |
| 133 | 7997232 | Thus, binding of TTF-1 to the TSHR/TTF-1 element is phosphatase-sensitive and is increased by treating nuclear extracts with the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A. |
| 134 | 7997232 | Overexpression of the catalytic subunit of PKA enhances TTF-1-increased activity of the TSHR minimal promoter. |
| 135 | 7997232 | Thyroid-specific expression and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate autoregulation of the thyrotropin receptor gene involves thyroid transcription factor-1. |
| 136 | 7997232 | The protection is duplicated by TTF-1, and the protected element has only a two-base mismatch from the consensus TTF-1 element identified in the thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroid peroxidase minimal promoters. |
| 137 | 7997232 | A role for the TSHR/TTF-1 binding element in thyroid-specific expression of the TSHR gene is evidenced as follows. |
| 138 | 7997232 | A nonsense mutation of the TTF-1 binding element eliminated TTF-1-induced activation of TSHR promoter activity in FRT or BRL cells and reduced TSHR promoter activity in FRTL-5 thyroid cells. |
| 139 | 7997232 | In contrast, mutation of this element to the TTF-1 consensus sequence of the TG or thyroid peroxidase promoter had no significant influence on TSHR promoter activity. |
| 140 | 7997232 | The activity of the TSHR/TTF-1 binding element requires a functioning cAMP response element (CRE). |
| 141 | 7997232 | Thus, TTF-1 activity is lost when the CRE site is mutated to a nonfunctional, nonpalindromic sequence; it is, in contrast, maximized when CRE activity is maximized by its mutation to a consensus AP1 element. |
| 142 | 7997232 | Thus, binding of TTF-1 to the TSHR/TTF-1 element is phosphatase-sensitive and is increased by treating nuclear extracts with the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A. |
| 143 | 7997232 | Overexpression of the catalytic subunit of PKA enhances TTF-1-increased activity of the TSHR minimal promoter. |
| 144 | 8530579 | We looked for antibodies to both retroocular muscle and dermal fibroblasts as well as to thyroid peroxidase, thyroid microsomal antigen, thyroglobulin, and human eye muscle membranes. |
| 145 | 8737022 | In new-onset insulin-dependent diabetic patients the presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies is associated with islet cell autoimmunity and the high risk haplotype HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302. |
| 146 | 8737022 | In 157 new onset IDDM (104 men, 53 women, ages 10-39 yr) anti-thyroid peroxidase anti-bodies (anti-TPO) were assayed with a specific immunological test. |
| 147 | 8737022 | In new-onset insulin-dependent diabetic patients the presence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies is associated with islet cell autoimmunity and the high risk haplotype HLA DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302. |
| 148 | 8737022 | In 157 new onset IDDM (104 men, 53 women, ages 10-39 yr) anti-thyroid peroxidase anti-bodies (anti-TPO) were assayed with a specific immunological test. |
| 149 | 8769300 | Development of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been recently reported in patients who underwent interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy because of chronic viral hepatitis. |
| 150 | 8769300 | To evaluate whether IFN-alpha treatment could elicit an autoimmune response against beta-cell antigens, we determined the occurrence of islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies in the sera of 60 patients with HCV- or HBV-related chronic hepatitis who had been treated with IFN-alpha for 6 or 12 months. |
| 151 | 8769300 | The presence of antibodies against thyroglobulin, thyroid microsomal antigen, gastric parietal cells, and non-organ-specific antigens was also investigated. |
| 152 | 8769300 | Insulin autoantibody positivity was observed in 2/60 (3.3%), 8/60 (13.3%), and 4/30 (13.3%) patients, before IFN-alpha treatment, and after 6 months and 12 months of therapy, respectively. |
| 153 | 8769300 | Before IFN-alpha therapy four patients showed thyroid autoantibodies and four others developed antibodies against thyroglobulin and/or thyroid microsomal antigen during the treatment. |
| 154 | 8769300 | Development of type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus has been recently reported in patients who underwent interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) therapy because of chronic viral hepatitis. |
| 155 | 8769300 | To evaluate whether IFN-alpha treatment could elicit an autoimmune response against beta-cell antigens, we determined the occurrence of islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies in the sera of 60 patients with HCV- or HBV-related chronic hepatitis who had been treated with IFN-alpha for 6 or 12 months. |
| 156 | 8769300 | The presence of antibodies against thyroglobulin, thyroid microsomal antigen, gastric parietal cells, and non-organ-specific antigens was also investigated. |
| 157 | 8769300 | Insulin autoantibody positivity was observed in 2/60 (3.3%), 8/60 (13.3%), and 4/30 (13.3%) patients, before IFN-alpha treatment, and after 6 months and 12 months of therapy, respectively. |
| 158 | 8769300 | Before IFN-alpha therapy four patients showed thyroid autoantibodies and four others developed antibodies against thyroglobulin and/or thyroid microsomal antigen during the treatment. |
| 159 | 8887158 | As markers of thyroid autoimmunity, we assessed Th-AAb (MsA and TgA) cross-sectionally in 212 children and adolescents (93 girls and 119 boys) aged 1.2-21 years with IDDM from 0-18 years, and longitudinally in 90/212 (43 girls and 47 boys) at diagnosis and during a 3-10 year follow-up. |
| 160 | 8887158 | It is known that patients affected by type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have autoantibodies against different organs, such as thyroid, adrenal glands, gastric mucosa, parathyroid, with or without evident dysfunction of the target organ /1-8/. |
| 161 | 8938107 | Thyroglobulin-specific antibodies were present in the iodine-treated group after 8 weeks of treatment but antibodies to thyroid peroxidase were not apparent in the serum of any of the animals. |
| 162 | 8981000 | A new approach was stimulated by the finding that thyroid cells were able to iodinate polyunsaturated fatty acids to form iodolactones and by the identification of alpha-iodohexadecanal (alpha-IHDA) as the major compound of an iodolipid fraction. alpha-IHDA exerts multiple inhibitory effects on adenylate cyclase, NADPH-oxidase and thyroid peroxidase. |
| 163 | 8981000 | Meanwhile 6-iodo-5-hydroxy-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid delta-lactone (delta-iodolactone) has been identified in human thyroid tissue and it could be demonstrated that this iodoeicosanoid specifically inhibits signal transduction pathways induced by local growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). |
| 164 | 9342543 | The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroperoxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies, using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay method in a large cohort of 254 first-degree relatives of Type 1 diabetic patients with or without other autoimmune endocrinopathy, and to evaluate the predictive value of thyroid antibodies for impaired thyroid function in these groups. |
| 165 | 9353155 | CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 166 | 9353155 | Apart from genes in the HLA complex (IDDM1) and the variable number of tandem repeats in the 5' region of the insulin gene (INS VNTR, IDDM2), several other loci have been proposed to contribute to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 167 | 9353155 | Recently, linkage and association have been shown between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene on chromosome 2q and IDDM. |
| 168 | 9353155 | In a registry-based group of 525 recent-onset IDDM patients <40 years old we investigated the possible interactions of a CTLA-4 gene A-to-G transition polymorphism with age at clinical disease onset and with the presence or absence of established genetic (HLA-DQ, INS VNTR) and immune disease markers (autoantibodies against islet cell cytoplasm (ICA); insulin (IAA); glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65-Ab); IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2-Ab)) determined within the first week of insulin treatment. |
| 169 | 9353155 | G-allele-containing CTLA-4 genotypes (relative risk (RR)= 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.0; P < 0.005) were not preferentially associated with age at clinical presentation or with the presence of other genetic (HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles; HLA-DQA1*0301-DQB1*0302 and/or DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 risk haplotypes; INS VNTR I/I risk genotype) or immune (ICA, IAA, IA-2-Ab, GAD65-Ab) markers of diabetes. |
| 170 | 9353155 | For 151 patients, thyrogastric autoantibodies (anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor, anti-parietal cell, anti-intrinsic factor) were determined, but association between CTLA-4 risk genotypes and markers of polyendocrine autoimmunity could not be demonstrated before or after stratification for HLA- or INS-linked risk. |
| 171 | 9353155 | In conclusion, the presence of a G-containing CTLA-4 genotype confers a moderate but significant RR for IDDM that is independent of age and genetic or immune disease markers. |
| 172 | 9422332 | The prevalence of thyroglobulin autoantibodies and that of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were studied in serum samples from 52 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, sampled at diagnosis and before the start of insulin treatment, with 386 non-diabetic schoolchildren (11 to 13 years of age) serving as control subjects. |
| 173 | 9422332 | Using exactly the same sensitive solid-phase immunosorbent radioassay for both thyroid autoantibodies, with comparable sensitivity, we found the prevalences of both autoantibodies to be higher in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus group than in the control group, the difference being most pronounced for thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies. |
| 174 | 9422332 | Thyroglobulin autoantibodies were positive in 33% of the diabetics versus 14% in the control group (p = 0.002), and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were positive in 38% versus 6% (p = 0.0001). |
| 175 | 9422332 | The prevalence of thyroglobulin autoantibodies and that of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were studied in serum samples from 52 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, sampled at diagnosis and before the start of insulin treatment, with 386 non-diabetic schoolchildren (11 to 13 years of age) serving as control subjects. |
| 176 | 9422332 | Using exactly the same sensitive solid-phase immunosorbent radioassay for both thyroid autoantibodies, with comparable sensitivity, we found the prevalences of both autoantibodies to be higher in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus group than in the control group, the difference being most pronounced for thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies. |
| 177 | 9422332 | Thyroglobulin autoantibodies were positive in 33% of the diabetics versus 14% in the control group (p = 0.002), and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were positive in 38% versus 6% (p = 0.0001). |
| 178 | 9422332 | The prevalence of thyroglobulin autoantibodies and that of thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were studied in serum samples from 52 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, sampled at diagnosis and before the start of insulin treatment, with 386 non-diabetic schoolchildren (11 to 13 years of age) serving as control subjects. |
| 179 | 9422332 | Using exactly the same sensitive solid-phase immunosorbent radioassay for both thyroid autoantibodies, with comparable sensitivity, we found the prevalences of both autoantibodies to be higher in the insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus group than in the control group, the difference being most pronounced for thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies. |
| 180 | 9422332 | Thyroglobulin autoantibodies were positive in 33% of the diabetics versus 14% in the control group (p = 0.002), and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were positive in 38% versus 6% (p = 0.0001). |
| 181 | 9432636 | The activated lymphocytes have been shown to secrete a number of cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 and interferon-gamma. |
| 182 | 9432636 | It was found that pentoxifylline (Ptx) was able to inhibit significantly the HLA-DR expression and glycosaminoglycan synthesis induced by inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-1. |
| 183 | 9432636 | TNF-alpha, anti-TSH-receptor, anti-eye muscle, anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in the patients'sera. |
| 184 | 9588075 | In all these patients, there were performed the assessment of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (AbTPO) and TSH receptor antibodies (TRAK). |
| 185 | 9623726 | There was no correlation between serum IL-6 levels, thyroid peroxidase (TPO)- antibodies and serum thyrotropin (TSH) levels at any time point. |
| 186 | 9652824 | Peptides derived from thyroid peroxidase, HLA-DQ(alpha1*0301), HLA-DQ(alpha1*0302), retinol receptor and p21ras were among the high-affinity binders, whereas peptides derived from myelin basic protein were among the low-affinity binders. |
| 187 | 9653173 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by up-regulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 188 | 9653173 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of several thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 189 | 9653173 | Major histocompatibility complex class I gene expression, which also is regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is decreased simultaneously. |
| 190 | 9653173 | In this report we show that follicular TG counter-regulates TSH-increased, thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 191 | 9653173 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS, and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 192 | 9653173 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS, and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 193 | 9653173 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by up-regulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 194 | 9653173 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of several thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 195 | 9653173 | Major histocompatibility complex class I gene expression, which also is regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is decreased simultaneously. |
| 196 | 9653173 | In this report we show that follicular TG counter-regulates TSH-increased, thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 197 | 9653173 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS, and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 198 | 9653173 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS, and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 199 | 9653173 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by up-regulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 200 | 9653173 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of several thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 201 | 9653173 | Major histocompatibility complex class I gene expression, which also is regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is decreased simultaneously. |
| 202 | 9653173 | In this report we show that follicular TG counter-regulates TSH-increased, thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 203 | 9653173 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS, and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 204 | 9653173 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS, and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 205 | 9653173 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by up-regulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 206 | 9653173 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of several thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 207 | 9653173 | Major histocompatibility complex class I gene expression, which also is regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is decreased simultaneously. |
| 208 | 9653173 | In this report we show that follicular TG counter-regulates TSH-increased, thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 209 | 9653173 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS, and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 210 | 9653173 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS, and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 211 | 9686152 | These data suggest that insulin deficiency first reduces in vivo TPO activity during short-term experimental diabetes mellitus. |
| 212 | 9778959 | High titer of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD) with a value of 16,400 U/ml (normal value: less than 5 U/ml) and deteriorated secretion of insulin, and clinical course led to the diagnosis of SPIDDM. |
| 213 | 9778959 | High titer of anti-thyroglobulin antibody (46.9 U/ml) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (81.5 U/ml) were observed. |
| 214 | 9792465 | Unexpected transcripts for thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, TSH-R (exon 1-4, 354 bp), FSH-receptor, or insulin fragments were demonstrated in a number of thyroid or orbit-derived as well as unrelated tissues or cell types. |
| 215 | 10401666 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (the TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by upregulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 216 | 10401666 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of the thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 217 | 10401666 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene expression, which is also regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is simultaneously decreased; this maintains self tolerance in the face of TSH-increased gene products necessary for thyroid hormone formation. |
| 218 | 10401666 | We now show that follicular TG, 27S > 19S > 12S, counter-regulates TSH-increased thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing the expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 219 | 10401666 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 220 | 10401666 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 221 | 10401666 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (the TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by upregulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 222 | 10401666 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of the thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 223 | 10401666 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene expression, which is also regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is simultaneously decreased; this maintains self tolerance in the face of TSH-increased gene products necessary for thyroid hormone formation. |
| 224 | 10401666 | We now show that follicular TG, 27S > 19S > 12S, counter-regulates TSH-increased thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing the expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 225 | 10401666 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 226 | 10401666 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 227 | 10401666 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (the TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by upregulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 228 | 10401666 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of the thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 229 | 10401666 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene expression, which is also regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is simultaneously decreased; this maintains self tolerance in the face of TSH-increased gene products necessary for thyroid hormone formation. |
| 230 | 10401666 | We now show that follicular TG, 27S > 19S > 12S, counter-regulates TSH-increased thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing the expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 231 | 10401666 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 232 | 10401666 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 233 | 10401666 | Thyrotropin (TSH), via its receptor (the TSHR), increases thyroid hormone levels by upregulating expression of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and TG genes. |
| 234 | 10401666 | TSH does this by modulating the expression and activity of the thyroid-specific transcription factors, thyroid transcription factor (TTF)-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8, which coordinately regulate NIS, TPO, TG, and the TSHR. |
| 235 | 10401666 | Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene expression, which is also regulated by TTF-1 and Pax-8 in the thyroid, is simultaneously decreased; this maintains self tolerance in the face of TSH-increased gene products necessary for thyroid hormone formation. |
| 236 | 10401666 | We now show that follicular TG, 27S > 19S > 12S, counter-regulates TSH-increased thyroid-specific gene transcription by suppressing the expression of the TTF-1, TTF-2, and Pax-8 genes. |
| 237 | 10401666 | This decreases expression of the TG, TPO, NIS and TSHR genes, but increases class I expression. |
| 238 | 10401666 | TG does not affect ubiquitous transcription factors regulating TG, TPO, NIS and/or TSHR gene expression. |
| 239 | 10826522 | In order to assess radiation-induced alterations in cultured thyroid cells, the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis as well as the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and of two members of the 70 kD heat shock family, HSP-73 and HSP-72, were analysed following gamma irradiation. |
| 240 | 10826522 | TPO and HSP expression by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. |
| 241 | 10826522 | Interestingly, the expression of TPO, a key enzyme of thyroid hormone synthesis, decreased significantly in irradiated TEC, while HSP-73 expression remained unchanged. |
| 242 | 10826522 | In order to assess radiation-induced alterations in cultured thyroid cells, the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis as well as the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and of two members of the 70 kD heat shock family, HSP-73 and HSP-72, were analysed following gamma irradiation. |
| 243 | 10826522 | TPO and HSP expression by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. |
| 244 | 10826522 | Interestingly, the expression of TPO, a key enzyme of thyroid hormone synthesis, decreased significantly in irradiated TEC, while HSP-73 expression remained unchanged. |
| 245 | 10826522 | In order to assess radiation-induced alterations in cultured thyroid cells, the occurrence of apoptosis and necrosis as well as the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and of two members of the 70 kD heat shock family, HSP-73 and HSP-72, were analysed following gamma irradiation. |
| 246 | 10826522 | TPO and HSP expression by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. |
| 247 | 10826522 | Interestingly, the expression of TPO, a key enzyme of thyroid hormone synthesis, decreased significantly in irradiated TEC, while HSP-73 expression remained unchanged. |
| 248 | 11004907 | We studied the grade of associated organ-specific autoimmunity and the pattern of prevalence of TPO and PCA by age, gender, duration, age at onset of diabetes, and HLA DR haplotype in 783 type 1 diabetic patients, consisting of 286 children and 497 adults (M/F: 389/394), with a mean diabetes duration of 11.8 +/- 10.1 years. |
| 249 | 11004907 | We observed an association between HLA DR5 and PCA (p = 0.0012). |
| 250 | 11134119 | Autoradiography revealed that full-length hNIS was expressed, recognized by a NIS monoclonal antibody, and strongly bound by some sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, which did not react with the GLUT-2 control protein. |
| 251 | 11134119 | There was no correlation between hNIS-Ab and TSH receptor antibodies and only a weak correlation to thyroid peroxidase antibodies (P: < 0. 05). |
| 252 | 11134119 | Comparison of hNIS-Ab, thyroid peroxidase, and TSH receptor antibodies in individual sera revealed that the additional detection of hNIS-Ab did not increase the diagnostic power for GD or HT. |
| 253 | 11134119 | Autoradiography revealed that full-length hNIS was expressed, recognized by a NIS monoclonal antibody, and strongly bound by some sera from patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, which did not react with the GLUT-2 control protein. |
| 254 | 11134119 | There was no correlation between hNIS-Ab and TSH receptor antibodies and only a weak correlation to thyroid peroxidase antibodies (P: < 0. 05). |
| 255 | 11134119 | Comparison of hNIS-Ab, thyroid peroxidase, and TSH receptor antibodies in individual sera revealed that the additional detection of hNIS-Ab did not increase the diagnostic power for GD or HT. |
| 256 | 11308045 | The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in Indian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus by the assay of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. |
| 257 | 11308045 | Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) were determined by ELISA and thyroglobulin antibodies (TGA) by passive hemagglutination. |
| 258 | 11308045 | The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in Indian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus by the assay of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin. |
| 259 | 11308045 | Thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO) were determined by ELISA and thyroglobulin antibodies (TGA) by passive hemagglutination. |
| 260 | 11571094 | Five percent of all pregnant women and 25% of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) during the first year after delivery. |
| 261 | 11571094 | Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening pregnant women for the TPO antibody versus the current strategy of no screening test or an alternative strategy of a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test 6 weeks postpartum. |
| 262 | 11571094 | A separate analysis for women with IDDM resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TSH strategy and $32,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TPO strategy. |
| 263 | 11571094 | Five percent of all pregnant women and 25% of pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) develop postpartum thyroiditis (PPT) during the first year after delivery. |
| 264 | 11571094 | Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening pregnant women for the TPO antibody versus the current strategy of no screening test or an alternative strategy of a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test 6 weeks postpartum. |
| 265 | 11571094 | A separate analysis for women with IDDM resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $13,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TSH strategy and $32,000 per quality-adjusted life year for the TPO strategy. |
| 266 | 11573132 | In physiological conditions, transepithelial iodide transport occurs without intracellular iodination, despite the presence of large amounts of thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase inside the cells. |
| 267 | 11573136 | Analysis of the distribution of rat NIS mRNA ex vivo demonstrated variable levels of NIS transcription in different tissue samples. - IL-1beta and IL-6 have been found to decrease NIS mRNA expression in TSH-stimulated FRTL-5-cells. |
| 268 | 11573136 | IL-6 has no effect on NIS functional activity, whereas IL-1beta suppresses iodide accumulation. |
| 269 | 11573136 | With respect to other thyroidal autoantigens such as TPO and Tg, NIS obviously shows a very similar pattern to the well-described antigenic targets and may participate as an autoantigen in these diseases. |
| 270 | 11573137 | Moreover, when detected in addition to TPO and TSH receptor autoantibodies, NIS-directed autoantibodies do not appear to contribute any diagnostic power for GD and HT. |
| 271 | 11694680 | Additional examinations revealed clinical (weight gain, diminished growth rate) and biochemical primary hypothyroidism (free T4: 0.4 ng/L [normal 8-22 ng/L]; thyroid-stimulating hormone: >200 mU/L) as a consequence of Hashimoto thyroiditis (thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin: 4400 U/mL and >2000 U/mL, respectively; normal <60 U/mL). |
| 272 | 12092456 | The autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type II (APS-II) is characterized by the association of autoimmune Addison's disease with thyroid autoimmune diseases or type-1 diabetes mellitus. 21-Hydroxylase autoantibodies enable the accurate diagnosis of autoimmune Addison's disease and, in patients with other endocrine autoimmune diseases, identify subjects at high risk for clinical adrenal insufficiency. 17 alpha-Hydroxylase (17OH) and side-chain-cleavage enzyme (P450scc) are target autoantigens of steroid-cell autoantibodies, and in women with Addison's disease, 17OH autoantibodies and P450scc autoantibodies are markers of increased risk for premature ovarian failure. |
| 273 | 12092456 | Thyroperoxidase autoantibodies, thyroglobulin autoantibodies, H+/K(+)-ATPase autoantibodies, and GAD65 autoantibodies are frequently detected in patients with isolated Addison's or APS-II. |
| 274 | 12684995 | Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD), antinuclear antibody, thyroid peroxidase autoantibody and antithyroglobulin autoantibody in the serum were present. |
| 275 | 12688630 | Expression of a thioredoxin peroxidase in insulin-producing cells. |
| 276 | 12688630 | The presence of thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx), also known as thiol specific antioxidant (TSA), was investigated in neonatal and adult rat islets, and in the beta-cell line HIT-T15. |
| 277 | 12746328 | The genes analyzed included the thyroid transcription factor PAX8, the Na(+)/I(-) symporter, thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin, and the TSH receptor (TSHR). |
| 278 | 12746328 | Of importance, TSH, the main regulator of the thyroid gland, was necessary to maintain the expression of PAX8 and TSHR genes during EB differentiation. |
| 279 | 12823288 | The presence of anti-thyroglobulin (TGAb), anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), anti-gliadin IgA (AGAAb) and IgG (AGGAb) and endomysial antibodies (EMAb) in sera of 68 diabetics typed as LADA was compared with the antibody presence in sera of 85 patients with Type 2 diabetes. |
| 280 | 12930364 | The incidence of clinical diabetes, thyroid disease, coeliac disease and related antibodies (islet cell antibodies, ICA; insulin autoantibodies, IAA; antibodies to the tyrosine phosphatase related IA-2 molecule, IA-2 A and glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA; thyroid peroxidase, TPO; tissue transglutaminase, TTGA; and gliadin, AGA) and HLA risk genotypes were analysed in 37 subjects affected by or exposed to rubella during fetal life (mean age 22.5 years). |
| 281 | 12930364 | ICA, IAA, GADA or IA-2 A were not detected in any of the patients, while five patients tested positive for TPO antibodies. |
| 282 | 12930364 | The incidence of clinical diabetes, thyroid disease, coeliac disease and related antibodies (islet cell antibodies, ICA; insulin autoantibodies, IAA; antibodies to the tyrosine phosphatase related IA-2 molecule, IA-2 A and glutamic acid decarboxylase, GADA; thyroid peroxidase, TPO; tissue transglutaminase, TTGA; and gliadin, AGA) and HLA risk genotypes were analysed in 37 subjects affected by or exposed to rubella during fetal life (mean age 22.5 years). |
| 283 | 12930364 | ICA, IAA, GADA or IA-2 A were not detected in any of the patients, while five patients tested positive for TPO antibodies. |
| 284 | 14594171 | A database of 1,254 patients with DM1 under 21 years of age was retrospectively screened for abnormalities in antithyroglobulin antibody (ATA), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). |
| 285 | 15209535 | The aim of our study was to evaluate antibodies against thyroglobulin (anti-TG) and thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) - markers of autoimmune thyroiditis - in several groups of adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). |
| 286 | 15301045 | Diabetes-related (glutamic acid decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2) and thyroid-specific (thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin) as well as antibodies to 20S proteasome, and anti-nuclear antibodies, were measured at DM1 onset in 147 children and adolescents. |
| 287 | 15301045 | However, in contrast to patients without antibodies, those with positive antibodies had significantly (p <0.001) elevated cumulative incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis at 5 years: thyroperoxidase 0.40+/-0.13, thyroglobulin 0.38+/-0.15, and anti-nuclear antibodies 0.29+/-0.12, respectively. |
| 288 | 15301045 | Diabetes-related (glutamic acid decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatase, IA-2) and thyroid-specific (thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin) as well as antibodies to 20S proteasome, and anti-nuclear antibodies, were measured at DM1 onset in 147 children and adolescents. |
| 289 | 15301045 | However, in contrast to patients without antibodies, those with positive antibodies had significantly (p <0.001) elevated cumulative incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis at 5 years: thyroperoxidase 0.40+/-0.13, thyroglobulin 0.38+/-0.15, and anti-nuclear antibodies 0.29+/-0.12, respectively. |
| 290 | 15636424 | In order to obtain prospective data on occurrence of thyroid autoantibodies [against thyroid peroxidase (antiTPO) and against thyroglobulin (antiTgl)] and their clinical relevance, we followed up on 109 young adults with Type 1 diabetes for 12 yr after diabetes onset. |
| 291 | 15645655 | At 78 years of age, chronic thyroiditis was diagnosed after positive tests for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody and anti-thyroglobulin antibody. |
| 292 | 15648714 | Common features are high anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody titres, an abnormal EEG and an elevated CSF protein concentration. |
| 293 | 15717840 | Specific antibodies to islet antigens--glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), protein thyrosine phosphatase IA-2alpha, and to thyroid autoantigens--thyroid microsomal peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (TG) and also thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured by RIA. |
| 294 | 15772899 | The presence of autoantibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) has been estimated by commercial radioimmunoassay kits. |
| 295 | 15789919 | It is a varied group of antibodies as there are antibodies against TSH-receptor, against thyroid peroxidase and also against thyroglobulin. |
| 296 | 16025402 | The patients were divided into subgroup I (with thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies, n = 13), subgroup II (thyroid peroxidase antibody only, n = 10), and subgroup III (without thyroid autoimmunity, n = 24). |
| 297 | 16357456 | Positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies and anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies and slight elevation of TSH levels are consistent with subclinical hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis. |
| 298 | 16405253 | Unlike antibodies against thyroglobulin (Tg), TPO antibodies are capable of inducing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. |
| 299 | 16405252 | The pathological characteristics of AITD include development of the goitre (atrophic form is not so frequent), impaired thyroid gland function (from hyperthyroidism to subclinical and manifested hypothyroidism) and the formation of antithyroidal antibodies against thyroglobulin (AbTg) and the microsomal antigen (Ab TPO). |
| 300 | 16450315 | Positive correlation was noted between anti-dsDNA with T4 (p=0.001), T3 (p=0.002), thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) (p=0.0001), and TSH (p=0.001) values but not with thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg). |
| 301 | 16704751 | The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor is a two-subunit glycoprotein; the extracellular A subunit is recognized by thyroid stimulating antibodies, while those antibodies recognizing the B subunit, located much nearer the cell surface, appear to function as blocking antibodies. |
| 302 | 16704751 | Depending on the antibody, a combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for TPO and thyroglobulin and bioassays and/or radioimmunoassay for TSH receptor antibodies are used to estimate their concentrations. |
| 303 | 16704751 | The review also itemizes the circumstances in which it might be useful to measure each antibody (i.e. the use of TPO antibodies in investigation of goitre, diagnosis of Graves' and Hashimoto's disease and the prediction of risk of developing hypothyroidism during subclinical thyroid disease; TSH receptor antibodies in maternal and neonatal hyperthyroidism and thyroglobulin antibodies in the monitoring and treatment of thyroid carcinoma). |
| 304 | 16704751 | The thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor is a two-subunit glycoprotein; the extracellular A subunit is recognized by thyroid stimulating antibodies, while those antibodies recognizing the B subunit, located much nearer the cell surface, appear to function as blocking antibodies. |
| 305 | 16704751 | Depending on the antibody, a combination of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for TPO and thyroglobulin and bioassays and/or radioimmunoassay for TSH receptor antibodies are used to estimate their concentrations. |
| 306 | 16704751 | The review also itemizes the circumstances in which it might be useful to measure each antibody (i.e. the use of TPO antibodies in investigation of goitre, diagnosis of Graves' and Hashimoto's disease and the prediction of risk of developing hypothyroidism during subclinical thyroid disease; TSH receptor antibodies in maternal and neonatal hyperthyroidism and thyroglobulin antibodies in the monitoring and treatment of thyroid carcinoma). |
| 307 | 16804797 | Initial evaluation and follow-up included determination of FT3, FT4, TSH, autoantibodies against the thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and TSH-receptor antibodies (TRAb) by highly sensitive radio receptor-assay, quantitative thyroid scintigraphy and sonography. |
| 308 | 17226115 | Improved prediction of relapse of Graves' thyrotoxicosis by combined determination of TSH receptor and thyroperoxidase antibodies. |
| 309 | 17274214 | Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADab) were determined by radioimmunoassay and to thyroglobulin (TGab) and thyroperoxidase (TPOab) by flow-cytometry assays. |
| 310 | 17334650 | A type 1 diabetes subgroup with a female bias is characterised by failure in tolerance to thyroid peroxidase at an early age and a strong association with the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 gene. |
| 311 | 17451219 | High titers of glutamic acid decarboxylase, antinuclear and thyroid (thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin) antibodies were detected. |
| 312 | 17505148 | Possible reasons for different pattern disappearance of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following total thyroidectomy and iodine-131 ablation. |
| 313 | 17505148 | The purpose of this study was to reveal some possible factors for the differences between the pattern of disappearance of thyroglobulin autoantibodies (anti-Tg) and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (anti-TPO) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following thyroidectomy and iodine-131 ablation. |
| 314 | 17505148 | Possible reasons for different pattern disappearance of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following total thyroidectomy and iodine-131 ablation. |
| 315 | 17505148 | The purpose of this study was to reveal some possible factors for the differences between the pattern of disappearance of thyroglobulin autoantibodies (anti-Tg) and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (anti-TPO) in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following thyroidectomy and iodine-131 ablation. |
| 316 | 17578823 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) patients (G1; n=73) and first degree relatives with islet cell antibody (ICA) values of >or=10 JDF u twice or >or=20 JDF u one and loss of FPIR (G2; n=18) were screened for two other autoantibodies, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA), and for other organ-specific autoantibodies, anti-gastric parietal cell (anti-PCA) and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) as well. |
| 317 | 17932620 | An analysis of the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies: thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ATA) and thyroglobulin antibodies (ATG) in children with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1 during 2000-2004 in the Upper Silesia region, Poland. |
| 318 | 18342387 | Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody, IA-2 antibody, and fasting C-peptide levels predict beta cell failure in patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA)--a 5-year follow-up of the Ehime study. |
| 319 | 18415893 | We measured circulating concentrations of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL10 in patients with GD, HT, and nontoxic nodular thyroid disease (NNT). |
| 320 | 18415893 | While CCL2 and CXCL9 concentrations were comparable in patients with either AITD or NNT, CCL5 was significantly increased in GD patients compared with HT or NNT subjects. |
| 321 | 18415893 | Serum levels of CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, and CXCL10 did not reveal any correlation with thyroid volume; with the levels of thyrotropin (TSH), FT3, or FT4; or with the titers of TSH receptor antibody and thyroperoxidase antibody. |
| 322 | 18466214 | Antibodies to thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) were determined in all patients and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. |
| 323 | 18563680 | Prior to surgery, no TSH receptor antibodies were found, although low TPO antibody titres could already be detected. |
| 324 | 18669595 | Whereas initially characterized in cultured cells overexpressing TSHRs, the antagonist was also active under more physiologically relevant conditions in primary cultures of human thyrocytes expressing endogenous TSHRs in which it inhibited TSH- and TsAb-induced up-regulation of mRNA transcripts for thyroperoxidase. |
| 325 | 18790515 | In 137 females (F) and 94 males (M) aged 21-35 years from organochlorines (OCs) polluted area (POLL) increased thyroid volume (ThV), prevalence of antibodies to thyroperoxidase (TPOab), thyrotropin receptor (TRab) and of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) was found compared to 116 F and 107 M from background pollution area (BCGR). |
| 326 | 19120308 | We evaluated the prevalence of the following OSAs: thyroid peroxidase, thyroid receptor, parietal cell, intrinsic factor, tissue transglutaminase, adrenal cortex, mitochondrial, smooth muscle, liver kidney microsomal, and ovarian autoantibodies. |
| 327 | 19194833 | The prevalence of iodine deficiency, serum thyroglobulin, anti-thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibody levels in the urban areas of Kayseri, Central Anatolia. |
| 328 | 19298606 | A medical history was recorded and a blood sample was analysed for autoantibodies against gliadin, transglutaminase, adrenal cortex, intrinsic factor, anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and glutamic-acid-decarboxylase 65 (GAD-65). |
| 329 | 19408637 | During the interval of 12 years serum levels of thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and thyroglobulin (anti-TG) autoantibodies, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and tyroksine (T4), were screened annually. |
| 330 | 19408637 | Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin dose and the number of severe hypoglycemic episodes, were recorded every 3 months. |
| 331 | 19592511 | However, small-molecule ligands for 7-transmembrane-spanning receptors for which the natural ligands are large, heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones, like thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; thyrotropin), have only recently been reported, and none are approved for human use. |
| 332 | 19592511 | In primary cultures of human thyrocytes, both TSH and the agonists increase mRNA levels for thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, sodium iodide symporter, and deiodinase type 2, and deiodinase type 2 enzyme activity. |
| 333 | 20427476 | We describe the first small-molecule ligand [1;2-(3-((2,6-dimethylphenoxy)methyl)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one] that exhibits inverse agonist properties at TSHR. 1 inhibits basal and TSH-stimulated signaling, measured as cAMP production, by TSHRs in HEK-EM 293 cells stably expressing wild-type TSHRs; the antagonism of TSH-mediated signaling is competitive. 1 also inhibits basal signaling by wild-type TSHRs, and four constitutively active mutants of TSHR expressed transiently in HEK-EM 293 cells. 1 was active under more physiologically relevant conditions in primary cultures of human thyrocytes expressing endogenous TSHRs where it inhibited basal levels of mRNA transcripts for thyroglobulin, thyroperoxidase, sodium iodide symporter, and TSHR. |
| 334 | 20658291 | Hundred SLE patients as per American Rheumatology Association(ARA) classification criteria underwent clinical examination, including assessment of disease activity (SLEDAI) and laboratory evaluation for serum triiodothyronine (T3),free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), antithyroperoxidase (TPO) antibody and antithyroglobulin (TG) antibody. |
| 335 | 22259066 | Evidence of a combined cytotoxic thyroglobulin and thyroperoxidase epitope-specific cellular immunity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. |
| 336 | 22312089 | Up to 50% of women who are thyroid antibody positive (thyroid peroxidase antibody and/or thyroglobulin antibody) in the first trimester will develop PPT. |
| 337 | 22677116 | Although patient responded well to the induction therapy, fatigue, hypotension, bradycardia called for further investigations: free thyroxine - 6.99 pmol/L, thyroid-stimulating hormone >75 U/ml, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies >1000 U/mL, so diagnosis of Haschimoto thyroiditis was confirmed. |
| 338 | 23028856 | Examination of an initial cohort of 93 controls and 50 T1D subjects revealed that 16% of the diabetic subjects showed anti-gastric ATPase autoantibodies which did not correlate with autoantibodies against GAD65, IA2, or IA2-β. |
| 339 | 23028856 | A subset of T1D subjects exhibited autoantibodies against several organ-specific targets including gastric ATPase (11%), thyroid peroxidase (14%), and anti-IgA autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (12%). |
| 340 | 23155700 | Seventy-two children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) and no clinical evidence of thyroid disorders were evaluated: glycated haemoglobin (A1c), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA2A), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). |
| 341 | 23480181 | The PTPN22 1858T allele but not variants in the proximal promoter region of IL-21 gene is associated with the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and the presence of autoantibodies in a Brazilian cohort. |
| 342 | 23480181 | Interleukin (IL)-21 and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor 22 (PTPN22) regulate lymphocyte function and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diabetes. |
| 343 | 23480181 | We sequenced the proximal promoter of the IL-21 gene for the first time and analysed the PTPN22 1858T polymorphism in type 1A diabetes (T1AD) patients and healthy controls (HC). |
| 344 | 23480181 | We also evaluated human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DR3/DR4 alleles. |
| 345 | 23480181 | The frequencies of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65), tyrosine phosphatase-like protein (IA)-2, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG), thyrotrophin receptor autoantibody (TRAb), anti-smooth muscle (ASM) and 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) autoantibodies were higher in T1AD patients than in HC. |
| 346 | 23480181 | The PTPN22 1858T allele was associated with an increased risk for developing T1AD [odds ratio (OR) = 1·94; P < 0·001], particularly in patients of European ancestry, and with a higher frequency of GAD65 and TG autoantibodies. |
| 347 | 23480181 | In conclusion, only PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and HLA-DR3 and/or DR4 alleles, but not allelic variants in the 5'-proximal region of the IL-21 gene were associated with T1AD risk. |
| 348 | 23480181 | The C1858T PTPN22 polymorphism was also associated with a higher frequency of GAD65 and TG autoantibodies. |