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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
34975320
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GPR43 activation-mediated lipotoxicity contributes to podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy by modulating the ERK/EGR1 pathway.
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2 |
34975320
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The protein expression of GPR43, LC3II, p62, beclin1, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) in kidney tissues and podocytes was measured by real-time PCR, immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting.
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3 |
34975320
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An in vitro study further demonstrated that acetate treatment induced cholesterol accumulation in high glucose-stimulated podocytes, which was correlated with increased cholesterol uptake mediated by LDLR and reduced cholesterol autophagic degradation, as characterized by the inhibition of LC3 maturation, p62 degradation and autophagosome formation.
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4 |
34975320
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Furthermore, GPR43 activation increased extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity and EGR1 expression in podocytes, which resulted in an increase in cholesterol influx and autophagy inhibition.
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5 |
34975320
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Conclusion: GPR43 activation-mediated lipotoxicity contributes to podocyte injury in DN by modulating the ERK/EGR1 pathway.
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6 |
34408785
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Yiqi Huoxue Recipe Regulates Autophagy through Degradation of Advanced Glycation End Products via mTOR/S6K1/LC3 Pathway in Diabetic Nephropathy.
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7 |
33901462
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In the present study, compared to controls, DKD mice showed glomerular hypertrophy, increased kidney weight/weight ratio, and increased urinary protein levels, as well as decreased desmin and synaptopodin expression.
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8 |
33901462
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Further, a lower number of autophagosomes, reduced expression of MAP1LC3 (LC3) in glomeruli, and increased expression of JAK/STAT pathway-related proteins, namely JAK1, JAK2, STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6, were observed in DKD mice.
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9 |
33796024
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Expressions of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, such as Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3, as well as Nrf2, Keap1, PINK1, and Parkin, were examined by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR, respectively.
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10 |
33796024
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Expressions of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, such as Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3, as well as Nrf2, Keap1, PINK1, and Parkin, were examined by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR, respectively.
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11 |
33796024
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AS II also partially restored the renal expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, including Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3.
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12 |
33796024
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AS II also partially restored the renal expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related and autophagy-related proteins, including Mfn2, Fis1, P62, and LC3.
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13 |
33796024
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These results suggested that AS II ameliorated podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats partly through regulation of Nrf2 and PINK1 pathway.
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14 |
33796024
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These results suggested that AS II ameliorated podocyte injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic rats partly through regulation of Nrf2 and PINK1 pathway.
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15 |
33441223
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[Down-regulation of PHLPP1 expression ameliorates high glucose-induced autophagy inhibition and apoptosis promotion of podocytes by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway].
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16 |
33441223
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Objective To investigate the expression of pleckstrin homology(PH) domain leucine-rich repeats protein phosphatase 1 (PHLPP1) in renal tissue of patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its effect on podocyte autophagy and apoptosis, and to explore its related mechanism.
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17 |
33441223
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Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PHLPP1 expression in renal tissue of patients with DN and non-diabetes, and immunofluorescence histochemical staining was used to detect the co-expression of nephrin and PHLPP1 to determine the localization of PHLPP1 in podocytes.
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18 |
33441223
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The formation of autophagic vesicles was observed by transmission electron microscope, and the protein expression levels of LC3, P62, PI3K, mTOR, p-mTOR, cleaved caspase 3 (c-caspase-3), AKT, p-AKT were detected by Western blotting.
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19 |
33441223
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Compared with NG group, the autophagy level of podocytes, the expression of PI3K and the phosphorylation level of mTOR in the HG group, HG combined with si-PHLPP1 group and HG combined with HCQ group were significantly reduced; the apoptosis rate and c-caspase-3 protein expression level were significantly enhanced; the phosphorylation level of AKT in the HG combined with si-PHLPP1 group significantly increased, but it in the other two groups significantly decreased.
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20 |
33441223
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Compared with HG group, the apoptosis rate and c-caspase-3 protein expression in the HG combined with si-PHLPP1 group were significantly reduced, while autophagy level, PI3K protein expression and phosphorylation level of mTOR and Akt protein were significantly elevated.
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21 |
33441223
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Conclusion PHLPP1 is highly expressed in renal tissue of patients with DN, and the down-regulated expression of PHLPP1 in podocytes can promote the autophagy of podocytes and reduced the apoptosis of podocytes by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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22 |
33204708
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Curcumin Improves the Renal Autophagy in Rat Experimental Membranous Nephropathy via Regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways.
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23 |
33204708
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Western blot analyzed the levels of apoptosis, autophagy, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-associated proteins.
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24 |
33204708
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In addition, curcumin downregulated the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, p62, PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR proteins and upregulated the Bcl-2, beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, and HO-1 levels in this animal model.
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25 |
33204708
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The results provide a scientific basis that curcumin could significantly alleviate the development of MN by inducing autophagy and alleviating renal oxidative stress through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
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26 |
32827692
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HGF protected against diabetic nephropathy via autophagy-lysosome pathway in podocyte by modulating PI3K/Akt-GSK3β-TFEB axis.
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27 |
32827692
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Diabetic mice treated with HGF had markedly reduced ratio of kidney weight to body weight, urinary albumin excretion, podocyte loss and matrix expansion compared with that in the non-treated counterpart.
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28 |
32827692
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Simultaneously, HGF-treated diabetic mice exhibited increased autophagy activity as indicated by the decreased accumulation of sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/ p62) and increased microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chains 3 (LC3) II/LC3I ratio.
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29 |
32827692
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These beneficial effects of HGF were blocked by HGF/c-Met inhibitor Crizotinib or phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002.
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30 |
32827692
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Moreover, HGF treatment obviously prevented inactivation of the protein kinase B (Akt)-glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β)-transcription factor EB (TFEB) axis in high glucose-stimulated podocytes, which was associated with improved lysosome function and autophagy.
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31 |
32827692
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These results suggested that HGF protected against diabetic nephropathy through restoring podocyte autophagy, which at least partially involved PI3K/Akt-GSK3β-TFEB axis-mediated lysosomal function improvement.
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32 |
32765784
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Lycopene attenuates high glucose-mediated apoptosis in MPC5 podocytes by promoting autophagy via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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33 |
32765784
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To explore the effects of Lyc on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and autophagy, LY294002 (LY) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used as PI3K and autophagy inhibitors, respectively.
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34 |
32765784
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The expression levels of nephrin, podocin, apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3), autophagy-related proteins [Beclin-1 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)II/LC3I] and certain key proteins involved in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were measured via western blotting.
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35 |
32765784
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The results suggested that Lyc reversed the inhibitory effect of HG on cell viability, and the protein expression levels of nephrin and podocin, as well as the promoting effect of HG on MPC5 podocyte apoptosis.
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36 |
32765784
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In addition, under HG conditions, Lyc upregulated the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT, and reduced HG- and LY-mediated MPC5 podocyte apoptosis.
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37 |
32765784
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Therefore, the present study suggested that Lyc may protect against HG-induced MPC5 podocyte apoptosis by promoting autophagy activity via activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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38 |
31978139
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The microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-positive area was co-localized with the Wilms tumor 1 (WT1)-positive area on immunofluorescence microscopy, which suggested that autophagy occurred in the podocytes of patients with MCNS.
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39 |
31865844
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Instead we present data showing that autophagy in podocytes is mainly controlled by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and ULK1 (unc-51 like kinase 1).
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40 |
31865844
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Abbreviations: AICAR: 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; BW: body weight; Cq: chloroquine; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ESRD: end stage renal disease; FACS: fluorescence activated cell sorting; GFP: green fluorescent protein; i.p.: intra peritoneal; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NPHS1: nephrosis 1, nephrin; NPHS2: nephrosis 2, podocin; PLA: proximity-ligation assay; PRKAA: 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; RPTOR/RAPTOR: regulatory associated protein of MTOR, complex 1; RFP: red fluorescent protein; TSC1: tuberous sclerosis 1; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1.
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41 |
31741405
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Furthermore, curcumin upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and LC3 proteins and downregulated the vimentin, TWIST1, p62, p-mTOR, p-Akt and P13K levels in DN rats and MPC5 cells.
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42 |
31741405
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Discussion and conclusions: The protection against development of DN by curcumin treatment involved changes in inducing autophagy and alleviating podocyte EMT, through the PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway, providing the scientific basis for further research and clinical applications of curcumin.
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43 |
31363726
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CD68 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry analysis, and the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 mRNA were measured by qRT-PCR.
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44 |
31363726
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The results showed that CMP suppressed the expressions of CD68, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 mRNA induced by STZ.
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45 |
31363726
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The results showed that the administration of CMP was able to overcome the STZ-treated autophagy deficiency, significantly increase the rate of autophagy in the kidney, promote the expression of Atg5, beclin1 and LC3 protein, and reduce the expression of p62 protein.
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46 |
30755075
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Abbreviations: ALB: albumin; ARHGDIB: Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor beta; APOL1: apolipoprotein L1; ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG16L2: autophagy related 16 like 2; BECN1: beclin 1; CDKN1B: cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1B; CLEC16A, C-type lectin domain containing 16A; CYBB: cytochrome b-245 beta chain; DC: dendritic cell; DRAM1: DNA damage regulated autophagy modulator 1; eQTL: expression quantitative trait loci; GWAS: genome-wide association study; IFNA: interferon alpha; IRGM: immunity related GTPase M; LRRK2: leucine rich repeat kinase 2; MAP1LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTMR3: myotubularin related protein 3; LAP" LC3-associated phagocytosis; LN: lupus nephritis; NOD: non-obese diabetic; NPHS2: NPHS2, podocin; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell; RUBCN: rubicon autophagy regulator; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus.
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47 |
30283057
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Activation of autophagy by c-kit+ progenitor/stem cells also contributed to kidney regeneration and intracellular homeostasis (autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes number and LC3A/B-I and LC3A/B-II expression were higher in the c-kit group vs saline treated animals, P = 0.0031 and P = 0.0009, respectively).
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48 |
30221708
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Multiple methods were utilized to detect autophagic activity including western blot analysis to measure the levels of microtubule‑associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) II and beclin1, reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the levels of LC3 mRNA and transmission electron microscopy was conducted to observe autophagosomes.
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49 |
30210600
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The expression and distribution of microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3), LC3-I, LC3-II, beclin-1, PI3K and mTOR were determined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting.
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50 |
30210600
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The expression and distribution of microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3), LC3-I, LC3-II, beclin-1, PI3K and mTOR were determined using immunohistochemistry and western blotting.
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51 |
30210600
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The number of autophagosomes was significantly decreased and the expression of beclin-1, LC3, LC3-I and LC3-II was inhibited following MHCD treatment compared with the model group (P<0.05).
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52 |
30210600
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The number of autophagosomes was significantly decreased and the expression of beclin-1, LC3, LC3-I and LC3-II was inhibited following MHCD treatment compared with the model group (P<0.05).
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53 |
30186468
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After 24 h of treatment, MPC5 cells were collected to measure autophagy-related protein levels, including microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), p62, cluster of differentiation (CD)63, phosphorylated-protein kinase B (Akt), Akt, p-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mTOR, via western blotting, immunofluorescence or both, and to determine apoptosis by flow cytometry.
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54 |
29999001
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Genistein is derived from a leguminous plant, and MyD88 and TRIF are adaptor molecules in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway, which may play a role in autophagy.
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55 |
29999001
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In this study, we utilized an in vitro high glucose (HG)-treated podocyte model to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of Genistein and MyD88 or TRIF siRNA induced autophagy and renal protection.
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56 |
29999001
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MATERIAL AND METHODS An immortalized mouse podocyte cell line was treated with HG, Genistein, chloroquine, and/or transfected with specific Myd88 and TRIF siRNAs.
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57 |
29999001
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The expression of autophagy-related factors and podocyte structure and functional markers, including LC3, p62, p-mTOR, synaptopodin, and nephrin, were measured by Western blot, and LC3 and p-mTOR expression were also assessed by immunofluorescence.
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58 |
29070572
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Fasting blood glucose and insulin and the expression of podocin, nephrin, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), glucose transporter type (Glut4), and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3) were assayed.
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59 |
29070572
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The decreased translocation of Glut4 to the plasma membrane and excess autophagy seen in mice fed a high-fat diet and in PA-treated cultured podocytes were attenuated by GLP-1.
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60 |
29070572
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GLP-1 restored insulin sensitivity and ameliorated renal injury by decreasing the level of autophagy.
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61 |
28428258
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Levels of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3)-II expression and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 phosphorylation were decreased in IRE1α-deletion glomeruli, in keeping with reduced autophagy.
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62 |
27077005
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Autophagy related proteins LC3, Beclin, and p62 as well as nephrin, a podocyte injury marker, were assessed using western blot and immunofluorescence staining.
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63 |
25412249
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Autophagy was investigated by immunofluorescence staining for LC3 puncta and Western blotting for LC3, Atg5, p-AMPK, p-mTOR and its substrates.
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64 |
24238063
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Treatment with the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, increased LC3-II and the content of both APs detected by Cyto-ID Green staining and autophagolysosomes (APLs) measured by acridine orange staining and colocalization of LC3 and Lamp1.
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