Ignet

Gene Pair Information

Gene Pair: IFNG, IL4

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	1724447	The 52 kD myeloid membrane glycoprotein CD14 represents the receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein (LBP); it is involved in LPS induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production.
2	1724447	The effect of rIFNg on CD14 in PBL cultures was dose-dependently inhibited by rIL-4 and this inhibition is probably due to an IL-4 mediated blockade of IFNg secretion.
3	1724447	The results, showing that CD14 antigen expression is upregulated by LPS and downregulated by rIFNg and rIL-4, suggest that the LPS-LBP receptor is involved in the feedback response of IFNg and IL-4 to LPS stimulation.
4	7663570	Lymph nodes containing microscopic tumor and shed mucin exhibited approximately 40-fold expansion in short-term (< 21 days) cultures with either IL-2 or IL-1 plus IL-2; the combination of IL-2/anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) resulted in significantly higher expansion.
5	7663570	Cultures generated with IL-2 alone favored the expansion of CD8+ and CD56+ cells, whereas addition of IL-1 or anti-CD3 mAb to IL-2 promoted outgrowth of CD4+ T-cells.
6	7663570	However, CD4+ cells expanded in IL-2/anti-CD3 retained the ability to proliferate in response to TAG-72 mucin-expressing autologous tumor as well as bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) a soluble TAG-72+ mucin.
7	7663570	In addition, CD4+ cells expressed mRNA for IL-2, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-beta and IFNg, and retained the ability to secrete IL-2 after expansion.
8	8525128	Therefore, we decided to analyze interleukin IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) and gamma interferon (IFN-g) gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 17 women with SLE and 10 normal females by a coupled reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction technique.
9	8525128	High gene expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a was found in SLE patients as compared to normal subjects.
10	8525128	The expression of IL-1b, IL-2 and IFN-g genes was low or undetectable.
11	8668918	ELISA assays were subsequently performed on supernatants for IL-4, IL-5, IL-2 and IFN-g.
12	8668918	The PPD1 induced IL-5 production, while the PPD2 induced high levels of IFN-gamma.
13	8816327	In addition, the HSP and PGE2 treatment used inhibited the production of the Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFNg but had a differential modulatory effect on Th2 cytokine production, namely enhancing the production of IL-6 whilst simultaneously impairing the synthesis of IL-4 and IL-10.
14	8993758	A Culture supernatants were collected and assayed for content of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-g.
15	8993758	Spleen cells from infected mice responded to concanavalin A and to HSV by secreting large amounts of IL-2 and IFN-g, modest amounts of IL-10, and no IL-4.
16	8993758	These mice, however, responded to HSV by secreting IFN-g, but no IL-2.
17	9209348	The spleen cells from the immunized mice produced a large amount of IFN-gamma and IL-2, whereas they released neither IL-4 or IL-10.
18	9272363	In an investigation of cell-mediated immunity against Bordetella pertussis, we found that B. pertussis infection in infants and in mice was associated with the induction of antigen-specific T cells that secrete IFN-g and IL-2, but not IL-4 or IL-5.
19	9272363	An examination of cytokine production following immunization with a three-component acellular vaccine, comprising inactive PT, FHA and pertactin adsorbed to alum, demonstrated that spleen cells from vaccinated mice produced high levels of IL-5, but no detectable IFN-g and low levels of IL-2.
20	9272363	In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated infants produced IL-2, IL-5 and IFN-g.
21	9656453	In addition, the cytokine profiles support the T1rT2 differentiation with these immunizations, in that oxidized mannan antigen gives IFNg, IL-2 and IL-12 production, whereas in the absence of oxidization, IL-4 and not the other cytokines is produced.
22	9823012	The production of IFN-g, IL-2, TNF-a (products of TH1 cells) were decreased, whereas the production of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 (products of TH2) were not affected during zinc deficiency.
23	9823012	We further documented that zinc deficiency decreased NK cell lytic activity and caused a decrease in the percentage of CD8+ CD73+ T cells which are known to be predominantly precursors of cytotoxic T cells.
24	10466583	Moreover, we found that in our experimental conditions the presence of IFN-g or GM-CSF alone or in combination with IL-4 inhibited CD23 expression during the 24 h incubation.
25	10466583	Our results show that there is a strong association between neutrophil ability to express CD23 and rheumatoid arthritis, and that such expression may be regulated by GM-CSF, IFN-gamma and IL-4.
26	10714554	The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of a CA dinucleotide repeat polymorphism in the interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) gene (IFNG) and a C(-590)T polymorphism of the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene in 236 Caucasoid patients with type 1 diabetes.
27	10793767	This was achieved by dosing serum levels of IFNg, produced by Th1 lymphocytes and IL-4, produced by Th2 lymphocytes.
28	11005577	The protein glycoconjugate did not effect proliferation or production of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-g in a significant way.
29	11076653	The relationship between local treatment and tumour regression was supported by replacement of tumour cells by inflammatory cells in regressing lesions and marked induction of T and natural killer cell derived cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IFNg ...) in post-therapeutic lesions analysed 28 days after the start of Vero-IL-2 administration.
30	11259373	Human CD38 and its ligand CD31 define a unique lamina propria T lymphocyte signaling pathway.
31	11259373	Results are as follows: 1) LP T cells express an enzymatically active form of CD38, characterized by a modified ratio between cyclase and hydrolase functions; 2) LP T cells do not mobilize Ca2+ upon CD38 ligation, as seen in PB T cells (this condition is due to a lack in activation of PLC- g, constantly observed in PB T lymphocytes); 3) The early steps of CD38 signaling involve activation of lck, syk, and LAT; 4) Late events include synthesis and release of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IFN-g and GM-CSF; 5) The uniqueness of the CD38 pathway in LP T cells is not caused by impaired interactions with the CD31 ligand.
32	11316066	In a previous study, we demonstrated a significant association between high IL-10 secretion in mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC), together with HLA mismatching for at least 4-6 antigens, with the occurrence of acute rejection following renal transplantation.
33	11316066	Cytokine protein secretion in MLC for IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-gamma was measured by ELISA in 49 patient-donor pairs.
34	11316066	In both patient and control groups, single nucleotide polymorphism analysis for IL-4 G(-590)T, IL-6 G(-174)C, IL-10 G(-1082)A, IL-10 C(-819)T, IL-10 C(-592)A, TNF-alpha G(-308)A and microsatellite analysis for IFNG (CA repeat) was performed.
35	12089714	Using amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction, the following cytokine gene polymorphisms were determined: IL-2+166, IL-2-330, IL-15+13689, IL-15-80, TNF-A-308, TNFd3, IFN-G+874 (T(H)1-type cytokines), IL-4+33, IL-4-590, IL-6-174, IL-10-592, IL-10-819, IL-10-1082, IL-13+2043, IL-13-1055 (T(H)2 type cytokines), TGF-B1+869, and TGF-B1+915 (regulatory-type cytokines).
36	12089714	Univariate analysis showed that polymorphisms of IL-10-1082, TGF-B1+869, and HLA-DR6 were significantly related to liver graft rejection.
37	12089714	These findings suggest a role for the regulatory-type cytokine transforming growth factor-beta1 in human liver graft rejection.
38	12447360	We found that in these conditions human naive T cells acquired stable histone hyperacetylation at either the Ifng or Il4 promoter.
39	12447360	Such cytokine flexibility was absent in a subset of T(H)2 cells that failed to up-regulate T-bet and to express interferon-gamma when stimulated under T(H)1 conditions.
40	12529037	Furthermore, this was associated with suppression of IFN-g and IL-4 in serum and increased TGF-b.
41	12552499	Impact of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 gene polymorphisms on development and progression of IgA nephropathy in Japanese patients.
42	12849703	The cells were then analyzed for the effects of non-thermal ultrasound on cell growth and the presence of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-g.
43	12849703	Cells pre-treated with 1 MHz and stimulated with ConA showed a significant increase in IL-4 and IFN-g.
44	12849703	Conversely, cells pre-treated with 3 MHz and stimulated with ConA show a significant decrease in IL-4 and IFN-g.
45	12849703	Interferon-gamma is known to stimulate production of collagen in fibroblasts, enhance debridement activity of macrophage and inhibit activity of the T cell subpopulation, T(H2).
46	12966592	CCR3, CCR5, interleukin 4, and interferon-gamma expression on synovial and peripheral T cells and monocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
47	15166131	Interferon-gamma gene dinucleotide (CA) repeat and interleukin-4 promoter region (-590C/T) polymorphisms in Japanese patients with endometriosis.
48	15345197	Total and MTHPA-specific IgE levels were measured by the Pharmacia CAP system, and serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and interferon-gamma (IFN-g) by enzyme immunoassay.
49	15350745	Assessment of anti-bovine IL4 and IFN gamma antibodies to label IL4 and IFN gamma in lymphocytes of the koala and brushtail possum.
50	15350745	We assess anti-bovine IL4 and IFN gamma (IFNg) antibodies for their ability to label IL4 and IFNg in koala (Phascolarctos cinereus), common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus caninus) lymphocytes using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry to determine their applicability to studies of host response to intracellular pathogens.
51	15570643	Epistatic interactions between HLA-DRB1 and interleukin 4, but not interferon-gamma, increase susceptibility to giant cell arteritis.
52	15582688	The detection limit of the sandwich ELISA for rSwIL-6 was 49pg/ml and did not show cross-reactivity with swine IL-1b, IL-4, IL-8, IL-18, IL-12, and IFN-g.
53	15597669	The cytokine response detected in ABPA patients is of a CD4+ Th2 type as evidenced by the production of IL-4, IL-5, and very little or no IFN-g on stimulation of T-lymphocytes with Aspergillus antigens.
54	15659263	The role of distinct CD4+ T-cell populations in regulating the nature and strength of immune responses is well documented, and has in the past principally focused on the mutual antagonism between Th1 and Th2 cells, which secrete interferon (IFN)-gamma and interleukin (IL)-4, respectively.
55	15659263	However, the recent identification of T cells that secrete high levels of IL-10 and/or transforming growth factor-b, but not IFN-g or IL-4, called regulatory T (Tr) cells has prompted a paradigm shift in our understanding of the regulation of immune responses following infection.
56	15733644	Forty-eight patients were analyzed for mutations in the IL1A, IL1B, IL6 and TNFA genes, and 16 polymorphisms in 10 candidate cytokine genes (IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, TNFA, IL2, IL4, IL4R, IL6, IL10, IFNG) were genotyped from all subjects.
57	15733644	No disease-causing mutations were identified in IL1A, IL1B, IL6 or TNFA.
58	15799696	The changes in mRNA expression level of interleukin 2 (Il2), Il4, tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf), interferon gamma (Ifng), and transforming growth factor beta (Tgfb) were examined.
59	15799696	The mRNA expression of Il2 and Il4 decreased from day 5 to day 14 after irradiation.
60	15799696	Thereafter, the expression level of Il2 mRNA recovered to normal control levels; however, the expression of Il4 mRNA tended toward significantly low levels.
61	16237092	Using conditional introduction of dominant-negative factors, we now show that T-bet and GATA-3 are far more critical in establishment than maintenance of IFN-gamma and IL-4 activity during Th1 and Th2 maturation, respectively.
62	16237092	T-bet plus Hlx can disrupt ifng silencing when introduced into developing Th2 cells, but they fail to perturb ifng silencing in mature Th2 cells.
63	16293125	Chromosomal locations of 19 horse immunity-related loci (CASP1, CD14, EIF5A, FCER1A, IFNG, IL12A, IL12B, IL12RB2, IL1A, IL23A, IL4, IL6, MMP7, MS4A2, MYD88, NOS2A, PTGS2, TFRC and TLR2) were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
64	16293125	For IFNG and PTGS2, this study is a confirmation of their previously reported position.
65	16603096	We also evaluated the influence of specific immunotherapy on the serum level of IFN-G, sIL-2R, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 before treatment and after 4 years of therapy with the quantitative 2-step colorimetric sandwich ELISA method (R and D Systems).
66	16603096	In the control group, a significant increase of serum IL-4 (p<0.01) as well as IL-5 (p<0.05) was registered at the end of the observation period.
67	17073638	Decreased production of Interleukin(IL)-12, IL-2 and Interferon (IFN)-g accompanied by an increased secretion of IL-4 are the main features of this defective immunological response.
68	17195845	Transcription factors T-bet and Runx3 cooperate to activate Ifng and silence Il4 in T helper type 1 cells.
69	17195845	Here we show that the transcription factor Runx3 is induced in T helper type 1 (T(H)1) cells in a T-bet-dependent manner, and that both transcription factors T-bet and Runx3 are required for maximal production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and silencing of the gene encoding interleukin 4 (Il4) in T(H)1 cells.
70	17195845	T-bet does not repress Il4 in Runx3-deficient T(H)2 cells, but coexpression of Runx3 and T-bet induces potent repression in those cells.
71	17195845	Both T-bet and Runx3 bind to the Ifng promoter and the Il4 silencer, and deletion of the silencer decreases the sensitivity of Il4 to repression by either factor.
72	17195845	Our data indicate that cytokine gene expression in T(H)1 cells may be controlled by a feed-forward regulatory circuit in which T-bet induces Runx3 and then 'partners' with Runx3 to direct lineage-specific gene activation and silencing.
73	17337057	Seven genes identified by suppression subtractive hybridization as up-regulated in the mesenteric lymph nodes at 24h (h) post-inoculation (p.i.) in serovar Choleraesuis-infected pigs (ARPC2, CCT7, HSPH1, LCP1, PTMA, SDCBP, VCP) and three genes in serovar Typhimurium-infected pigs (CD47/IAP, CXCL10, SCARB2) were analyzed by real-time PCR at 8h, 24 h, 48 h, 7 days (d) and 21 d p.i.
74	17337057	(IFNG, IL12A, IL4, IL8, CSF2) coincided with extended transcriptional activation throughout the 21 d infection (IFNG, INDO, SOCS1, STAT1, IL1B, IL6, IL8, SLC11A1).
75	17337057	The serovar Typhimurium-infected swine presented a more transient induction of immune-related genes (IFNG, INDO, IRF1, SOCS1, STAT1, IL1B, IL8, SLC11A1) early in the infection (24-48 h) followed by a significant repression of IL12A, IL12B, IL4, IL8 and CSF2.
76	17485322	The therapeutic efficacy of the DC vaccine was associated with increased tumor-specific IFN-g and IL-4 T-cell responses and cytolytic activity of splenic T cells.
77	17611223	The IL-4/IL-13/Stat6 signalling pathway promotes luminal mammary epithelial cell development.
78	17611223	The Th1/Th2 cytokine milieu is a key paradigm in lineage commitment, and IL-4 (Il4), IL-13 (Il13) and Stat6 are important mediators of Th2 development.
79	17611223	Thus, the Th1 cytokines IL-12 (Il12), interferon gamma (INFgamma; also known as Ifng) and Tnfalpha are downregulated concomitantly with the upregulation of the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-13 and IL-5 (Il5) as epithelial cells commit to the luminal lineage.
80	17611223	Moreover, we show that Th2 cytokines play a crucial role in mammary gland development in vivo, because differentiation and alveolar morphogenesis are reduced in both Stat6 and IL-4/IL-13 doubly deficient mice during pregnancy.
81	17715431	The proportions of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were unchanged, but the number of gamma delta T cells was increased by coculture with luteal cells.
82	17715431	The concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFNG) and interleukin 10 (IL10) were increased in luteal cell-T cell cocultures, whereas IL4 was undetectable, and IL12 was barely detectable in culture medium.
83	18068331	Low Sociable animals also showed alterations in lymph node expression of the immunoregulatory cytokine genes IFNG and IL4, and lower secondary IgG responses to tetanus vaccination.
84	18216180	In this study, we compare the intensity of lipid peroxidation (estimated as malondialdehyde (MDA) serum levels), the antioxidant status, (measured as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in red blood cells), and levels of cytokines derived from Th1 cells (such as interferon gamma (IFNG)), Th2 cells (such as interleukin (IL)-4), Th3 cells (such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)), and IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in patients affected by chronic hepatitis C virus infection, 26 drinkers of alcohol and 40 nondrinkers of alcohol.
85	18216180	Patients showed significantly higher TNF-alpha (Z = 4.92, P < 0.001), IL-8 (Z = 4.95, P < 0.001), IFNG (Z = 2.81, P = 0.005), TGF-beta (t = 2.12, P = 0.037), MDA (Z = 5, P < 0.001), but lower IL-6 (Z = 3.61, P < 0.001) and GPX (F = 4.30, P < 0.05) than controls, whereas no differences were observed regarding IL-4 (Z = 0.35, P = 0.72), GPX and SOD activities.
86	18216180	Alcoholics showed significantly higher TNF-alpha, but lower IL-4, MDA, and GPX, than nonalcoholics.
87	18216180	TNF-alpha was significantly related to albumin and prothrombin activity, whereas TGF-beta was significantly related to MDA levels.
88	18285333	Nevertheless, the polycomb proteins, YY1, Mel-18, Ring1A, Ezh2, and Eed, bound to the Il4 and Ifng loci in a differential pattern.
89	18285333	The recruitment of the polycomb proteins Mel-18 and Ezh2 to the cytokine promoters was inhibited in the presence of cyclosporine A, suggesting the involvement of NFAT.
90	19075734	Three major cytokines, namely, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6 are produced by cultured brain cells after various stimuli such as ischemia.
91	19075734	TNF-alpha expression after stroke stimulates expression of tissue factor and adhesion molecules for leukocytes, release of interleukin-1 (IL-1), nitric oxide, factor VIII/von Willebrand factor, platelet-activating factor and endothelin, suppression of the thrombomodulin-protein C-protein S system, reduction of tissue-plasminogen activator and release of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.
92	19075734	IL-6 can be induced by a variety of molecules including IL-1, TNF-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta and prostaglandins (PGs), and many other mediators such as b-amyloid, interferon-g (IFNg) and IL-4 can potentiate these primary inducers, highlighting the complex nature of IL-6 modulation.
93	19075734	Several studies reported that plasma levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 are associated with prognosis after ischemic stroke and our group showed that plasma levels of cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta are different in every diagnostic subtype of ischemic stroke, and how plasma levels of some immunoinflammatory markers and thrombotic-phybrinolitic markers are predictive of acute ischemic stroke diagnosis in the acute setting.
94	19541593	We found decreasing IL-2 expression, increasing IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production and stable IL-4, Ki67 and TGFb levels with advancing age.
95	19541593	Apart from age, there was a differential expression in boys and girls: boys (< 6 years) produce significantly more IL-2 (p < 0,04), while girls > 12 years produce more IFNg than boys of the same age (p < 0.05).
96	19625655	DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) is a de novo methyltransferase important to the epigenetic control of cell fate.
97	19625655	T cells lacking DNMT3a simultaneously express IFN-gamma and IL-4 after expansion under nonbiasing conditions.
98	19625655	While global methylation of DNA from wild-type and knockout T cells is similar, DNMT3a-null T cells demonstrate selective hypomethylation of both the Il4 and Ifng loci after activation.
99	19689734	A continuous T-bet expression is required to silence the interleukin-4-producing potential in T helper type 1 cells.
100	19689734	To develop into committed T helper type 1 (Th1) cells, naive CD4(+) T cells not only need to acquire the capacity to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), but they also need to gain the ability to silence their interleukin-4 (IL-4) -producing potential.
101	19689734	We found that a lack of IL-4 stimulation was not sufficient to silence the IL-4-producing potential in activated CD4(+) T cells and that Th1-promoting factor was required.
102	19689734	Although it has been shown that T-bet is a crucial factor in suppressing Il4 gene expression, it is unclear whether a continuous presence of T-bet is required to silence the Il4 gene in Th1 cells.
103	19689734	To address this problem, we used an inducible form of T-bet - a T-bet-oestrogen receptor fusion molecule (T-bet-ER).
104	19689734	We found that the activation of T-bet during primary or secondary culture was sufficient to silence IL-4-producing potential.
105	19689734	On the other hand, the inactivation of T-bet after naïve CD4(+) T cells had differentiated into Th1 cells resulted in derepression of Il4 gene transcription.
106	19689734	Additionally, we found that T-bet is required to maintain Ifng expression.
107	19689734	Our data demonstrate that the continuous expression of T-bet is required for Th1 cells to silence their IL-4-producing potential.
108	19828627	Ikaros is a regulator of Il10 expression in CD4+ T cells.
109	19828627	Here we show that Ikaros, a zinc finger DNA-binding protein, plays an important role in the regulation of Il10 in murine CD4(+) T cells.
110	19828627	Upon initial stimulation of the TCR, T cells deficient in Ikaros express significantly lower levels of IL-10 compared with wild-type T cells.
111	19828627	In addition, under Th2 skewing conditions, which induce IL-10 production by wild-type T cells, Ikaros null T cells are unable to properly differentiate, producing only low levels of IL-10.
112	19828627	Expression of a dominant-negative isoform of Ikaros in wild-type Th2 cells represses IL-10 production but does not significantly alter expression levels of the genes encoding the transcription factors GATA-3 and T-bet.
113	19828627	Furthermore, expression of Ikaros in Ikaros null T cells restores expression of the Th2 cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 while reducing production of the Th1 cytokine, IFN-gamma.
114	19828627	Coexpression of Ikaros and GATA-3 further increases IL-10 production, showing that these two factors have an additive effect on activating Il10 expression.
115	19828627	Finally, we show that Ikaros binds to conserved regulatory regions of the Il10 gene locus in Th2 cells, supporting a direct role for Ikaros in Il10 expression.
116	19828627	Thus, we provide evidence for Ikaros as a regulator of Il10 and Ifng gene expression and suggest a role for Ikaros in directing lineage-specific cytokine gene activation and repression.
117	19876828	Here, we compared the distribution of the major lymphocyte subsets, the percentage of lymphocytes expressing Interferon Gamma (IFNG) and Interleukin 4 (IL4) and the level of expression of the immunoregulatory transcription factor FOXP3 between pregnant and non-pregnant mares, and between peripheral blood and the endometrium during pregnancy.
118	19876828	The endometrial cups contained higher numbers of IFNG+ lymphocytes, and lower numbers of lymphocytes expressing IL4.
119	19967261	DC obtained from young, adult and middle-aged (8, 20, and 40 weeks old) tolerized mice were less efficient (65, 17 and 20%, respectively) than DC from immunized mice (P < 0.05) in inducing antigen-specific proliferation of naive T cells from both BALB/c and DO11.10 young mice, or in stimulating IFN-g, IL-4 and IL-10 production.
120	20095398	Experiments on Wistar rats showed that subacute poisoning by organophosphorus compounds dimethyldichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVF), malation, and dimethylparation (total dose, 1.0 LD50) suppresses both cell and humoral immune responses and significantly decreases the level of blood cytokines (IFNg, IL-4) and the IFNg/IL-4 ratio in comparison to the control, which is evidence for a greater lesion of Th1 cells in comparison to Th2 cells.
121	20121742	Macrophages display two activation states that are considered mutually exclusive: classical macrophage activation (CMA), inducible by IFNG, and alternative macrophage activation (AMA), inducible by IL4 and IL13.
122	20121742	In rejecting allografts, unlike interferon gamma (IFNG) effects and T-cell infiltration that developed rapidly and plateaued by day 7, AMA transcripts (Arg1, Mrc1, Mmp12 and Ear1) rose progressively as tubulitis and parenchymal deterioration developed at days 21 and 42, despite persistent IFNG effects.
123	20121742	AMA in allografts was associated with transcripts for AMA inducers IL4, IL13 and inhibin A, but also occurred when hosts lacked IL4/IL13 receptors, suggesting a role for inhibin A.
124	20121742	Thus kidneys undergoing T-cell-mediated rejection progressively acquire macrophages with alternative activation phenotype despite strong local IFNG effects, independent of IL4 and IL13.
125	20213229	Polymorphisms in the genes of IL-lA, IL-lB, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IFN-G, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, and of the cytokine receptors IL-lR, IL-IRA, IL-4RA were investigated.
126	20213229	APO-E and ACE gene polymorphisms were carried out in the patient's group only to evaluate a possible association with known genetic risk factors for AD.
127	20213229	A highly significant presence of some alleles belonging to anti-inflammatory cytokine genes was found; particularly the C allele for the -590 promoter and T allele for the -1098 promoter of IL-4 appeared in a significantly higher percentage as compared with controls (P < 0.0006 and P < 0.0005, respectively), while a lesser significance was observed for the allele C of the -819 promoter of IL-10 (P < 0.03).
128	20213229	Finally, in the group of demented patients for the APO-E gene we found a statistically significant presence of the E4 allele, whereas no difference was found for the polymorphisms of the ACE gene.
129	20427761	The cytokines interferon tau (IFNT), interferon gamma (IFNG), and interleukin 4 (IL4) significantly increased luciferase expression in NC1 promoter reporter constructs and endogenous NC1 mRNA levels in a bovine endometrial cell line.
130	20427761	In addition, IFNG, IL3, IL4, and progesterone significantly increased Day 7 bovine blastocyst NC1 mRNA expression when supplemented during in vitro embryo culture.
131	20427761	The promoter is responsive to IFNT, IFNG, and IL4, suggesting possible roles for these cytokines in bovine preimplantation embryo survival and/or maternal-fetal tolerance.
132	20621581	Epinephrine-primed murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells facilitate production of IL-17A and IL-4 but not IFN-γ by CD4+ T cells.
133	20621581	Epinephrine pre-treatment enhanced surface expression of MHCII, CD80 and CD86.
134	20621581	Epinephrine pre-treatment also induced a significant decrease of IL-12p70 and a significant increase of IL-23 and IL-10 cytokine production.
135	20621581	Importantly, these changes corresponded with increased IL-4 and IL-17A, but not IFN-g cytokine production by CD4(+) T cells in a b2-adrenergic receptor-dependent manner.
136	20963786	Changes in histone acetylation and methylation that are important for persistent but not transient expression of CCR4 in human CD4+ T cells.
137	20963786	Although regulation of CXCR3 and CCR4 is related to Th1 and Th2 differentiation, respectively, many CXCR3(+) and CCR4(+) cells do not express IFN-γ and/or IL-4, suggesting that the chemokine receptor genes might be inducible by mechanisms that are lineage-independent.
138	20963786	We investigated the regulation of CXCR3 versus IFNG, and CCR4 versus IL4 in human CD4(+) T cells by analyzing modifications of histone H3.
139	20963786	In naïve cord-blood cells, under nonpolarizing conditions not inducing IL4, CCR4 was induced to high levels without many of the activation-associated changes in promoter histone H3 found for both IL4 and CCR4 in Th2 cells.
140	20963786	Patterns of histone H3 modifications in CXCR3(+) CCR4(-) and CXCR3(-) CCR4(+) CD4(+) T-cell subsets from adult blood matched those in cells cultured under polarizing conditions in vitro.
141	21321581	Protection against diabetes was accompanied by histone hyperacetylation in pancreas and spleen, enhanced frequency of CD4(+) CD62L(+) cells in the spleen, reduction in cellular infiltration of islets, restoration of normoglycemia and glucose-induced insulin release by beta cells.
142	21321581	Activation of splenic T lymphocytes derived from protected mice in vitro with pharmacological agents that bypass the antigen receptor or immobilized anti-CD3 antibody resulted in enhanced expression of Ifng mRNA and protein without altering the expression of Il4, Il17, Il18, Inos and Tnfa genes nor the secretion of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17 and TNF-α proteins.
143	21321581	Consistently, expression of the transcription factor involved in Ifng transcription, Tbet/Tbx21 but not Gata3 and Rorgt, respectively, required for the transcription of Il4 and Il17, was upregulated in activated splenocytes of protected mice.
144	21402756	The pulmonary bacterial counts (number of CFU) and transcript levels of select cytokines (e.g., Ifng, Il12b, and Il4) at 1, 3, and 6 weeks postinfection were measured as biological and mechanistic phenotypes, respectively.
145	21463712	In the current study we investigated genotype variants pertaining to five cytokine genes namely IFNG, TNFA, IL4, IL10 and IL12 in the north Indian population with active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB) and correlated the serum cytokine levels with the corresponding genotypes.
146	21463712	Compared to HC mean serum IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-4, and IL-10 levels were higher in APTB (p = 0.3661, p = 0.0186, p = 0.003, p = 0.7, respectively).
147	21463712	In contrast the genotypes of the selected rsIDs in the TNFA, IL12 and IL10 genes showed significant association with the varying serum levels of corresponding cytokines.
148	21463712	The variant of the TNFA gene at rs3093662, the IL12 gene at rs3213094 and rs3212220 and the IL10 gene at rs3024498 did show a strong indication to be of relevance to the immunity to tuberculosis.
149	21480212	Rapamycin-sensitive signals control TCR/CD28-driven Ifng, Il4 and Foxp3 transcription and promoter region methylation.
150	21480212	Here, we report that both mTOR complex 1 and mTOR complex 2 are readily activated following TCR/CD28 engagement and are critical for early expression of Ifng, Il4 and Foxp3, and for effector T cell differentiation in the absence of polarizing cytokines.
151	21480212	While inhibition of mTOR complex 1 and cell division were evident at low doses of RAPA, inhibition of mTOR complex 2, Ifng, Il4 and Foxp3 expression, and T-cell polarization required higher doses and more prolonged treatments.
152	21480212	We found that while T-bet and GATA3 were readily induced following TCR/CD28 engagement, administration of RAPA delayed their expression, and interfered with the loss of DNA methylation within Ifng and Il4 promoter regions.
153	21712101	We assessed variation in eight genes (CD46, IFNG, IL4, IL8, IL10, RARa, SLAM and TLR2) encoding key proteins involved in host cellular interactions with Morbilliviruses and the relationship of variants to disease status.
154	21712101	We found no variation in harbour seals from across Europe in the protein coding domains of the viral receptors SLAM and CD46, but SNPs were present in SLAM intron 2.
155	21783593	Mice were treated with DNCB and TDI showed a preferential increase in the percentage of CD4+IL-2+ cells compared with vehicle and irritant-treated mice.
156	21783593	There was an increase in CD4+IFN-g+ cells of mice treated with DNCB and TDI, but no significant increases were observed in mice treated with SLS.
157	21783593	Mice were treated with DNCB and TDI showed an increase in the percentage of CD4+IL-4+ cells compared with vehicle and irritant-treated mice.
158	21783593	These results suggest that the population of interferon-gamma (IFN-g+) and IL-4+ cells on CD4+ cells and the mRNA expression for IL-4 in lymphocytes could be selectively modulated in allergen-treated mice.
159	21880854	Dexamethasone reduced IFNG transcription by day 12 and IL-8 and IL-18 by days 7 to 9 and increased IL-4 on day 7.
160	21880854	The ratio of IL-10 to IFNG was increased by dexamethasone on day 9.
161	22052597	A total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed in 6 genes (TNFRSF1A, IL12A, IL12B, IFNG, IL4, and IL10) were genotyped in 214 high-responders [hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) ≥1,000 mIU/ml] and 107 low-responders (anti-HBs: 10-99 mIU/ml).
162	22052597	In addition, a significant gene-gene interaction was found: the frequency of the combined genotypes IL12A rs2243115 TT and IL12B rs17860508 CTCTAA/CTCTAA was significantly higher in the low-response group than in the high-response group (P = 0.008, odds ratio = 2.19, 95% confidence interval = 1.23-3.93).
163	22052597	These findings suggest that polymorphisms in the IL12A and IL12B genes might play an important role jointly in determining the response to hepatitis B vaccination.
164	22101570	Present study evaluated the effect of recombinant human interferon gamma (rIFN-gamma: Gamma Immunex, Exir Pharmaceutical Company, Iran) on severity of AD (SCORAD), dermatology life quality index (DLQI) as well as serum levels of IL-4, IgE and IL-6 in AD patients.
165	22101570	IL-4, IL-6 and IgE were measured in blood samples before and after 1 month treatment with rIFN-gamma.
166	22101570	Treatment with rIFN-gamma decreased serum levels of IL-4 and IL-6 (P < 0.05), but IgE remained unchanged.
167	22116824	The 1MOG244 T cell expresses dual TCRA chains, one of which, when combined with the single TCRB present, promotes the development of CD8(+) T cells with specificity for hair follicles.
168	22116824	Pathologic T cells primarily express IFNG and IL-17 early in disease, with dramatic increases in cytokine production and recruitment of IL-4 and IL-10 production with disease progression.
169	22307794	The SNP c.611 T>A showed significant association with the transcription levels of IFNG, TNFA, and IL-6 (P < 0.05); the SNP c.962 G>A showed significant association with the transcription of IFNG, IL-2, and IL-4 (P < 0.05); the SNP c.1,027 C>A showed significant association with the transcription of IFNG and IL-6 (P < 0.05); the haplotypes showed significant association with the transcription of IFNG, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and TNFA (P < 0.05).
170	22466669	The development and fate of follicular helper T cells defined by an IL-21 reporter mouse.
171	22466669	Germinal centers require CD4⁺ follicular helper T cells (TFH cells), whose hallmark is expression of the transcriptional repressor Bcl-6, the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and interleukin 21 (IL-21).
172	22466669	To track the development and fate of TFH cells, we generated an IL-21 reporter mouse by introducing sequence encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) into the Il21 locus; these mice had expression of IL-21–GFP in CD4⁺CXCR5⁺PD-1⁺ TFH cells.
173	22466669	IL-21–GFP⁺ TFH cells were multifunctional helper cells that coexpressed several cytokines, including interferon-g (IFN-g), IL-2 and IL-4.
174	22584669	Cytokines induce tight junction disassembly in airway cells via an EGFR-dependent MAPK/ERK1/2-pathway.
175	22584669	To evaluate in vitro whether pro-inflammatory cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders could alter TJ organization and epithelial barrier integrity, and to characterize the signal transduction pathway involved Calu-3 airway epithelial cells were exposed to TNF-a, IL-4 and IFN-g to assess changes in: (a) TJ assembly, that is, occludin and zonula occludens (ZO)-1 expression and localization, evaluated by confocal microscopy; (b) apoptotic activity, quantified using terminal transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling staining; (c) epithelial barrier integrity, detected as transmembrane electrical resistance and expressed as G(T) values; (d) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent mitogenactivated protein (MAP) kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 phosphorylation, assessed by western blotting.
176	22584669	The degree ZO-1 and occludin colocalization was 62±2% in control cultures and significantly decreased in the presence of TNF-a (47±3%), IL-4 (43±1%) and INF-g (35±3%).
177	22584669	G(T) values were, respectively, 1.030±0.0, 1.300±0.04, 1.260±0.020 and 2.220±0.015 (mS/cm²)1000 in control cultures and in those exposed to TNF-a, IFN-g and IL-4.
178	22584669	The involvement of EGFR-dependent MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in cytokine-induced damage was demonstrated by a significant increase in threonine/tyrosine phosphorylation of ERK1/2, already detectable after 5 min incubation.
179	22584669	All these cytokine-induced changes were markedly prevented when Calu-3 cells were cultured in the presence of an EGFR inhibitor (AG1478, 1 μM) or a MAP kinase inhibitor (U0126, 25 μM).
180	22584669	In conclusion, cytokine-induced epithelial injury includes TJ disassembly and epithelial barrier permeability alteration and involves the EGFR-dependent MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
181	23106526	The expression of cytokines mRNA, namely Ifng, Il2,Il4,Il10 and Il12, was quantitated by real-time PCR.
182	23106526	Moreover, Damghan strain elicited higher expression levels of Ifng and Il2 mRNA and the highest ratio of Ifng/Il4 mRNA expression compared with the other strains at 40 h and 8 weeks post-infection.
183	23264404	DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and 22 polymorphisms were typed: IL1A -889, IL1B -511, IL1B +3962, IL1R pst1 1970, IL1RN mspa11100, IL4RA +1902, IL12 -1188, IFNG utr5644, TGF-β1 cdn10, TGF-β1 cdn25, TNF-α -308, TNF-α -238, IL-2 -330, IL-2 +166, IL-4 -1098, IL-4 -590, IL-4 -33, IL-6 -174, IL-6 565, IL-10 -1082, IL-10 -819, and IL-10 -592.
184	23264404	Fnd was negative and significantly different from 0 for IL-4 -590 (p of F=0.006), IL-10 -1082 (p of F=0.010), IFN utr5644 (p of F=0.024), IL-4 -1098 (p of F=0.026) and TGF-1 cdn25 (p of F=0.001) alleles, as well as for IL-2 haplotypes (p=0.025).
185	23264404	Several SNPs (IL-12B -1188, IL-2 -330, IL-4 -1098, IL-4 -590, and IL-10 -1082) were not in HWP (p<0.05).
186	23264404	A few SNPs (IL-12B -1188, IL-2 -330, IL-4 -1098, IL-4 -590, and IL-10 -1082) and several observed frequencies of cytokine diplotypes (IL-2/GG:TG, IL-2/TG:TG, IL-4/GCC:GCC, IL-4/TTC:TTC, IL-4/TTT:TTC, IL-10/GCC:GCC, IL-10/ATA:GCC, IL-10/ACC:GCC, and IL-10/ACC:ATA) were not in HWP and were significantly different from the expectations.
187	23349499	Cereal-SPF rats displayed increased gut CD3(+) and CD8α(+) lymphocytes, ratio of Ifng to Il4 mRNA, and Lck expression, indicating T-cell activation.
188	23349499	The cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (Camp) gene was upregulated in the jejunum of HC diet-protected rats, and CAMP(+) cells colocalized with CD163.
189	23595134	Single-leg peak isometric force and blood 25(OH)D, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, albumin, interferon (IFN)-γ, and interleukin-4 were measured prior to and following intense exercise.
190	23686120	Analysis of the cytokines from mice immunized with NP-RAS showed a significant increase in the production of IFN-g and a decreased production of IL-10 and IL-4 compared to controls without RAS.
191	23755752	Histone modifications of Notch1 promoter affect lung CD4+ T cell differentiation in asthmatic rats.
192	23755752	The present study aimed to explore the histone modifications of Notch1 promoter in normal and asthmatic lung CD4+ T cells.
193	23755752	Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that the acetylation levels of total H3, H4, site-specific H3K9, H3K14, H3K27, H3K18, H4K16, and the trimethylation levels of H3K4, H3K79 of Notch1 gene promoter were increased significantly in asthmatic lung CD4+ T cells compared to the control group, which correlated with increased P300, PCAF activity and decreased HDAC1, HDAC2 activity.
194	23755752	After intervention of garcinol, a potent inhibitor of histone acetyltransferases, in asthmatic lung CD4+ T cells, HAT activity decreased significantly and the increased Notch1 and hes-1 expression was reversed.
195	23755752	Results showed that the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were significantly reduced and a small reverse trend was found in the level of IFN-g after GAR treatment.
196	23777348	Expression levels of IFNG, IL2, IL12, IL4, and IL10 genes were estimated before infection and at 4, 8, and 12 MPI in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of infected and control kids.
197	23777348	The study demonstrated the expression of IFNG and IL2 as classic Th1-like pro-inflammatory signatures; whereas, IL10 exhibited itself as classical Th2-like signature.
198	23777348	The study also reports unexpected lowered expression of the IL12 gene simultaneously with increased expression of IFNG, lowered expression of the IL2 gene (compared to IFNG), and suppressed expression of the IL4.
199	24084096	The gene expression of cytokines/chemokines in skin biopsies from the CL group showed higher transcript levels of modulatory (IL10 and TGFB1), anti-inflammatory (IL4), and pro-inflammatory (TNF, IFNG, IL12B, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL10) biomarkers in recent lesions than in late lesions.
200	24164868	To that effect, polymorphisms in genes coding for IL-4 (IL-4 C-590T; rs2243250), IFN-γ (IFN-G A + 874T; rs2430561) and MCP-1 (MCP-1 A-2578G; rs1024611) were examined in premenopausal, healthy women (N = 239) and patients with breast cancer (N = 182) from western India.
201	24164868	In individuals positive for three or more alleles associated with higher levels of either pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, an additive effect on the modulation of risk for the disease was evident (for TGF-B1 & IL-4, OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.87; for IFN-G & MCP-1, OR = 2.29, 95% CI 0.95-5.51).
202	24264476	Levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 beta, IL-4, IL-6, and interferon gamma (INF-γ) were measured after the infection of M. leprae in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of subjects with different genotypes of rs13361189.
203	24301942	The serum concentrations of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-12 (IL-12) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
204	24301942	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in both groups were isolated and incubated with or without recombinant human IL-12 (rhIL-12) for 48 h, and the concentrations of IFN-g and IL-4 in the supernatant were measured by ELISA.
205	24301942	Serum IFN-γ levels were greatly decreased in the patients compared with control groups (P < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was observed in serum IL-4 and IL-12 levels.
206	24301942	Serum IFN-γ levels may be dampened in immunocompetent patients with PC with no significant changes in serum IL-4 and IL-12 levels.