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Gene Information
Gene symbol: CD4
Gene name: CD4 molecule
HGNC ID: 1678
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 21889412 | Therefore CMI responses were evaluated in 15 CVID-patients and 15 matched healthy controls (HC) by determining frequencies of interferon (IFN)?-producing PBMC, and frequencies of IFN?-, interleukin (IL)-2- and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)?-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells before and after influenza vaccination using IFN? enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN?-ELISpot) and flow cytometry. |
| 2 | 22028652 | Animals vaccinated with VRPs expressing EBNA-3A and EBNA-3B developed LCV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell immunity to these proteins, while VRPs expressing gp350 did not induce detectable T cell immunity to gp350. |
| 3 | 2424873 | CD2, CD3, CD4, and CD5 antigens were homogeneously expressed on all TLC in contrast to CD6 and CD7 antigens which were present on only a fraction of the cells in a given TLC. |
| 4 | 2832318 | CD8+ cells do not require the contribution of CD4+ cells for in vivo function. |
| 5 | 2830969 | Treatment of melanoma patients with CY plus vaccine resulted in a progressive fall in the proportion of CD4+ T-cells expressing the 2H4 (CD45) antigen, which identifies inducers of suppression. |
| 6 | 3264307 | There is evidence that the initial interaction between HIV-1 and the host that is essential for infection is the specific binding of the viral envelope glycoprotein, gp120, to the CD4 molecule found on certain T cells and monocytes. |
| 7 | 2850890 | Soluble HIV (HTLV IIIB) envelope protein (gp120) binds native or recombinant CD4 with equal affinity estimated to be 4 to 8 nM kDa. |
| 8 | 2850890 | Peptide T analogs or synthetic cogeners of Neuroleukin proposed to bind the CD4 determinant involved in gp120 binding had no competitive displacement of native gp120 binding as assessed by two independent methods that measure gp120 interaction with CD4. |
| 9 | 2536059 | Phenotypes of PBMC during acute infection had an initial increase in CD4+ cells and an overall decrease in the percentage of circulating Leu-11+ (CD16). |
| 10 | 2537355 | The HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 binds with high affinity to CD4 and is responsible for the tropism of HIV for CD4+ T cells and monocytes. |
| 11 | 2469730 | T cell subset fractionation revealed that CD4+ cells were main population of IFN-gamma production specific for HBcAg and CD8+ cells did not suppress IFN-gamma production of CD4+ cells. |
| 12 | 2469730 | Furthermore, CD4+ cells of HBeAg-positive ASC generated lesser amounts of IFN-gamma than HBeAg-positive CAH patients did. |
| 13 | 2469730 | These results show that the measurement of IFN-gamma production is useful to determine cellular immune response to HBV Ag and suggest that IFN-gamma production depends on the helper activity of CD4+ T cells sensitized to HBcAg. |
| 14 | 2543783 | Evidence is presented which indicates that immunization with either vaccinia virus recombinant, while inducing the necessary protective populations of CD4+ T lymphocytes, fails to induce the complementing CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes necessary for high levels of protection against a primary HSV-1 infection. |
| 15 | 1967279 | In contrast, CD4+ tetanus toxin-specific T cell clones isolated from the same patient and having the same HLA phenotype produced normal amounts of IL-4 upon activation. |
| 16 | 1690429 | This study demonstrates that the same CTL epitope can be seen by murine and human CD8+ CTLs, as previously demonstrated for epitopes recognized by CD4+ helper T cells, and suggests the utility of screening for immunodominant CTL epitopes in mice prior to carrying out studies in humans. |
| 17 | 2303746 | Production of monokines such as IL-1 and plasminogen activator, which affect APC capacity, was similar in the CD4 MO subsets. |
| 18 | 1972164 | The present results suggest that CD4+ T lymphocytes that produce IL-4, but not IFN-gamma, occur in high frequencies in the allergen-specific T cell repertoires of atopic donors, which may have important implications for the pathomechanism of atopic disease. |
| 19 | 2283159 | With iscoms containing gp160 of HIV-1, cytotoxic T cells (CD8+ CD4-) were induced under restriction of class I MHC antigen. |
| 20 | 1670604 | When stimulated with crude tachyzoite Ag in vitro, CD4+ cells from vaccinated mice produced high levels of TH1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) but not TH2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-5). |
| 21 | 1997399 | T cells induced by p146-171 and p467-171 or a mixture of these two peptides were mainly CD4+ and produced interleukin (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) but not IL-4 upon antigen stimulation in vitro. |
| 22 | 2049044 | It is now believed that, at least in cutaneous leishmaniasis, Th2 subsets of CD4+ T cells are disease-promoting and they do so probably by producing IL-3 and IL-4 which inhibits the activation of macrophages by IFN-gamma. |
| 23 | 1717561 | Together, these results suggest that the two signals required for IL-2 production by CD4+ T cells can be transduced by the TCR and CD28. |
| 24 | 1833505 | Further investigation of the temporal occurrence of the antiviral antibodies indicated that the observed protection provided by VVN and VVF immunization depends on CD4+ N- or F-specific T cells in the absence of neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cells. |
| 25 | 1719081 | CD4+ MHC class II-restricted T cell lines and clones derived from five immunized macaques recognized a total of seven peptides in three immunodominant regions of p27. |
| 26 | 1719081 | Although this epitope is in a conserved region of the gag protein of SIV, its recognition by a CD4+ T cell clone was abrogated by sequence variation in the equivalent HIV protein. |
| 27 | 1779176 | Many CD4+ clones killed HLA Class II-negative melanomas, and we were able to block cytotoxicity of a particular clone with either anti-HLA Class I or anti-Class II MHC monoclonal antibodies, or both. |
| 28 | 1371358 | When purified under conditions that retain its native structure, gp110 bound CD4 and elicited antisera that neutralized SIVmac251 with high titer. |
| 29 | 1588493 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection elicits neutralizing antibodies directed against two discrete regions of the gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein: the third variable (V3) loop and the CD4 binding region. |
| 30 | 1351088 | A novel flow cytometric assay was used to show that physiologic activation of CD4+ CTL with target APC induced expression by the CTL of cell surface forms of TNF-alpha. |
| 31 | 1592430 | Furthermore, RIP analysis and inhibition experiments in a GD4-gp120 binding assay have revealed that anti-peptide sera contain antibodies directed against the CD4 attachment site on gp120 and interfere with this receptor-ligand interaction. |
| 32 | 1356911 | In conclusion, both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of tularaemia-vaccinated individuals respond with proliferation to various protein antigens of F. tularensis, and the proliferative response is strictly associated with IFN-gamma production. |
| 33 | 1356911 | The CD8+ T-cell response seems to depend on cytokines supplied by proliferating CD4+ T cells. |
| 34 | 1356933 | A single injection of monoclonal antibody to gamma interferon administered in conjunction with a live Candida albicans yeast cell vaccine resulted in the detection of nonprotective Th2 rather than protective Th1 responses and altered the early expression of interleukin 4 and gamma interferon mRNA in CD4+ cells. |
| 35 | 1357035 | The expression of CD26 Ag, either in CD4+ or CD8+ cells, was clearly diminished in all the patients tested. |
| 36 | 1472331 | Finally, Tat was seldom recognized by CTL, but its antigenicity was revealed in LDA. (2) All responding cells revealed in bulk cultures as well as in LDA were CD8+ T-cells, and their in vitro differentiation did not require the help of CD4+ T-cells. (3) Proteins from the HIV-1LAI isolate were recognized with high frequency by CTL from seropositive donors, most certainly being infected by other isolates, which suggests that relatively conserved epitopes are predominant targets of CTL. |
| 37 | 1363009 | In contrast, in FIV positive animals the CD4+:CD8+ ratio decreased significantly from 1.9 to 1.3 during the same period. |
| 38 | 1343352 | Data show that T lymphocytes were induced to enhance the expression of class II MHC molecules, whilst a consistent number of CD4+ lymphocytes lost L-selectin, both phenomena indicating an activation status. |
| 39 | 1364202 | The demonstration of CD4+ CTL in the human volunteers, and the recent studies in the rodent model (Renia et al., 1991; Tsuji et al., 1990), suggest that CS-specific CD4+ T cells, in addition to their indirect role as helper cells in the induction of antibody and CD8+ effector cells, may also play a direct role in protection against sporozoite challenge by targeting EEF within the liver. |
| 40 | 7678098 | CD4+ T-cell clones derived by stimulation with the intact Bb-1 fusion protein were used to identify two T-cell epitopes in the Bb-1A protein, consisting of amino acids SVVLLSAFSGN VWANEAEVSQVVK and FSDVDKTKSTEKT (residues 23 to 46 and 82 to 94). |
| 41 | 7678098 | Biological assays and Northern (RNA) blot analyses for cytokines revealed that following activation with concanavalin A, T-cell clones reactive against the two Bb-1A epitopes produced interleukin-2, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factors beta and alpha, but not interleukin-4, suggesting that the Bb-1 antigen preferentially stimulates the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells in cattle. |
| 42 | 8093457 | In our study, we have analyzed the effect of amino acid substitution in a major CD4+ T cell determinant (T1) of HIV-1 gp160 on binding and recognition in the context of various E alpha E beta MHC class II molecules. |
| 43 | 8425226 | IL-1 beta, IL-2, and IFN-gamma, was also elevated in cDT-stimulated cultures; and (4) the enhanced proliferative response to cDT could be attributed to CD4+ helper T cells. |
| 44 | 8095512 | The requirement of CD4+ T cells for CD8+ CTL activation was investigated by depleting CD4+ cells in vivo with GK1.5 mAb. |
| 45 | 8096062 | CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells from immune animals proliferated and produced IL-2 upon restimulation with either Toxoplasma sonicate or F3G3-Ag in vitro. |
| 46 | 8439951 | Phenotype analysis of IVS-LN cells revealed 78 +/- 4% CD3+ T-cells which were predominantly CD4+ (67 +/- 5%) with expression of HLA-DR and IL-2 receptor. |
| 47 | 8097319 | Using a B16 melanoma model, in which irradiated tumor cells alone do not stimulate significant anti-tumor immunity, we found that irradiated tumor cells expressing murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) stimulated potent, long-lasting, and specific anti-tumor immunity, requiring both CD4+ and CD8+ cells. |
| 48 | 8097759 | Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies revealed that the CD4+ CTL response was regulated in a complex manner and was not clearly correlated with MHC class II genotype, Ag dose, or number of immunizations. |
| 49 | 8468558 | VV-specific, HLA-restricted CTL activity was mediated primarily by CD8+ cells, although low levels of lytic activity by CD4+ cells were observed in some experiments. |
| 50 | 8102828 | This suppression of the IL-2-dependent proliferation of CD4+ cells by Nef-gene10 seemed to be due to enhanced production of several lymphokines, especially of interferon-gamma. |
| 51 | 8103069 | Thus, it appears that although CD8+ cells have been activated in the absence of CD4+ cells, they cannot protect mice against malaria. |
| 52 | 8103743 | Nevertheless they confirm and significantly extend previous observations and suggest that mycobacteria preferentially induce CD4+ T helper type 1 (Th1)-like cells that display cytotoxic activity, and release high levels of IFN-gamma but no or little IL-4. |
| 53 | 8105441 | All seven clones/lines were CD4+, CD8- and expressed high levels of CD44 and CD45RB surface markers. |
| 54 | 7902215 | Although Th2 helper cell clones produce IL-4 and IL-5, CD4+ T cells taken fresh from lymphoid organs of mice produce IL-2 and some IFN-gamma, but not IL-4 or IL-5. |
| 55 | 7902215 | The exact parameters that enhance the synthesis of IL-4, IL-5, and particularly IL-10 from resting antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is not yet clear. |
| 56 | 7902215 | Furthermore, we observed that human CD4+ T cells from either allergic or nonallergic individuals failed to produce significant quantities of IL-4, IL-5, or IL-10 even after several rounds of stimulation with soluble protein (nonallergen) antigens such as tetanus toxoid or Var. z. |
| 57 | 7902215 | In addition, substantial quantities of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10 were produced by CD4+ T cells from allergic subjects in the absence of exogenous IL-4, but only after two stimulations in vitro with allergens such as rye grass pollen or dust mite allergen. |
| 58 | 7906131 | A subset of CD8+ CTL clones also produced a soluble factor(s) that inhibited HIV-1 replication in acutely infected autologous CD4+ blasts. |
| 59 | 7904381 | Vaccination of BALB/c mice with leishmanial antigens and interleukin-12 (IL-12) promoted the development of leishmanial-specific CD4+ TH1 cells. |
| 60 | 8283036 | Spleen cells from compound-peptide-immunized mice of three MHC haplotypes sharing the Dd class I MHC molecule but with different class II molecules exhibited enhanced gp160-specific CD8+ CTL activity and CD4+ Th. |
| 61 | 7910675 | CD4 molecules and lymphocyte function antigen-1 beta/LFA-1 beta/ on helper-inducer T cells were increased before and after the culture. (4) These findings were also associated with a diminished binding capacity of IL-1 beta and IL-6 to their receptors on helper-inducer T cells. (5) IL-2, IFN-gamma and IL-4 production was decreased in uraemic non-responders, especially after 72 h of the culture. (6) Inhibited proliferation of helper-inducer T cells in uraemic non-responders was only partially reversible in the presence of exogenous IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-2 and IFN-gamma. (7) HLA typing of uraemic non-responders was associated with extended haplotype: HLA A1,B8,DR3,DR7,DQ2. |
| 62 | 7927499 | Here, we show by three different examples that cultured synovial fibroblasts with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-induced MHC class II expression are capable of processing soluble protein for presentation to CD4+ T cells. |
| 63 | 7927701 | It has been shown that gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-producing CD4+ T cells, which are generated only by immunization with viable bacteria, exert a significant role in protective immunity against mycobacteria in mice. |
| 64 | 7929809 | This effect of IL-12 on neonatal T cells is direct inasmuch as it is observed on highly purified CD4 T cells, however, it is not inhibited by CD8 T cells and natural killer cells. |
| 65 | 7525484 | By combining a DNA subclone and synthetic-peptide approach, we mapped epitopes of the immunogenic mycobacterial 70-kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) recognized by human CD4+ T-cell clones and lines. |
| 66 | 7529806 | CD8+ cells inhibiting the response of CD4+ cells exist in rodents, recognizing epitopes unique to a CD4+ clone (Ids) or expressed by all activated CD4+ cell (ergotypes). |
| 67 | 7529806 | In both patients and controls CD8+ PBMC and CD8+ lines responded vigorously to autologous Ag-activated CD4+ cells. |
| 68 | 7529806 | CD8+ cells recognizing Ag-activated CD4+ were present cells in the controls for 5 to 12 wk after immunization. |
| 69 | 7540488 | CD4+ T cell lines and clones specific for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens have been generated from peripheral lymphocytes of naive individuals by priming with the envelope protein gp120, the enzyme reverse transcriptase (p66), and their synthetic peptides. |
| 70 | 7609036 | Protection in BALB/c mice was ablated by CD4+ T-cell suppression but remained intact in animals depleted of CD8+ T cells. |
| 71 | 7790090 | Both CD4+ and CD8+ populations produced IFN-gamma and IL-2 in response to B. abortus. |
| 72 | 7618251 | After FIV challenge, infection lymphadenopathy, gingivitis, pharyngitis, changes in total leukocytes and neutrophils and a decrease in the CD4+:CD8+ ratio were found in cats of all groups and were considered as a sign of the FIV infection taking place, independent of vaccination. |
| 73 | 7558114 | Although CD4 T lymphocytes of T helper 1 type are essential for protection, CD8 T cells expressing cytolytic functions are required, in addition. |
| 74 | 7558137 | Using this mAb we studied the role of B70 in CD4+ T-cell activation by DC in vitro. |
| 75 | 7561107 | Depletion of CD8+ T cells eliminated or markedly reduced the CTL activity, while depletion of CD4+ T cells did not affect CTL responses. |
| 76 | 7494256 | Short-term CD4+ T-cell lines were derived by using full-length HAs of virus A/Beijing/32/92 from 12 unrelated, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II haplotyped adults with a history of influenza in November and December 1993 and from 6 adults with no history of influenza during the preceding 4 years but who responded to HA. |
| 77 | 9363590 | T cells are activated in vivo by dengue virus infection ii. activation of CD4+ T cells occurs during the period of viremia iii. activation of CD8+ T cells follows CD4+ T cell activation. |
| 78 | 8666950 | We now report that irradiated RAG-2-/- thymocytes undergo direct somatic mutations at the p53 gene locus, and that p53 inactivation is associated with maturation of RAG2-/- thymocytes to the CD4+CD8+ stage. |
| 79 | 8883796 | The percentage of CD4+ T cells was higher (P < 0.01), and the percentage of cells expressing major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens was lower (P < 0.001), in MDV-infected chickens than in uninfected birds. |
| 80 | 8883796 | In conclusion, a marked increase in the CD4+ T lymphocyte population occurred in the early stage of MDV infection in all chickens regardless of the presence of ev genes, whereas the number of cells expressing MHC class II antigen was severely reduced. |
| 81 | 8921965 | T cells reactive to B4 as well as to some minor epitopes were CD4+CD8- T cells which produced IFN-gamma but no detectable IL-4 upon antigen stimulation in vitro. |
| 82 | 8932764 | Antigen-stimulated cells were harvested for CD4 and CD8 phenotype analysis and the levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) produced were also determined. |
| 83 | 9341744 | In contrast, we noted an increase in the IL-4-producing CD4+ T cells that also exhibited the memory phenotype, CD45RO, and an upregulated expression of CD25 in cultures from malaria protected persons as compared to malaria naive persons and subjects who became parasitemic. |
| 84 | 9341744 | Hence, these observations suggest that the induction of memory CD4+ T cell subset distinguished by the expression of CD45RO and CD25 and production of IL-4 coincides with protective immune responses generated by immunization with attenuated SPZ. |
| 85 | 9394185 | CD4+ and CD8+ T1 cells, through the agency of IL-2 and IFN-gamma, direct the response towards cell-mediated immunity involving cytotoxicity and macrophage activation, whereas T2 cells, through the agency of IL-4 and IL-10, direct the response towards antibody production. |
| 86 | 9399949 | We used an animal model, experimental myasthenia gravis induced in C57Bl/6 mice by immunization with Torpedo acetylcholine receptor (TAChR), to demonstrate that nasal administration of synthetic sequences of the TAChR alpha-subunit- forming epitopes recognized by anti-TAChR CD4+ T helper cells (residues alpha150-169, alpha181-200, and alpha360-378), given before and during immunization with TAChR, causes decreased CD4+ responsiveness to those epitopes and to TAChR, reduced synthesis of anti-TAChR Ab, and prevented experimental myasthenia gravis. |
| 87 | 9400611 | Hantavirus specific CD8+ and CD4+ CTL may contribute to the immunopathology and capillary leak syndrome observed in the HPS. |
| 88 | 9465090 | Taken together with our observations that recombinant CyPA-induced mobilization of calcium in immortalized, as well as primary, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and that incubation of T cells with iodinated CyPA, followed by chemical cross-linking, resulted in the formation of a high molecular mass complex on the cell surface, these results suggest that HIV-1-associated CyPA mediates an early event in viral infection via interaction with a cellular receptor. |
| 89 | 9824496 | The frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma were determined by three-colour flow cytometric analysis of fixed and saponin-permeabilized cells fluorescent-stained for either CD4 or CD8 surface molecules and for one of the following combinations of two intracellular cytokines: IL-2/IL-4, IL-2/IFN-gamma and IL-4/IFN-gamma. |
| 90 | 10602007 | While CD4(+) T cells under went a transient activation following immunization with gamma spz, CD8(+) T cells expanded robustly after spz challenge and exhibited stable expression of CD44(hi) and CD45RB(lo) during protracted protection. |
| 91 | 10447772 | During reinfection, depletion of CD4+ cells did not have any effect on infection kinetics, whereas depletion of CD8+ cells abolished the protection, reverting the infection kinetics and bacterial load to the same levels found in wild-type mice during primary infection. |
| 92 | 10087316 | Immunization of mice with HER2 expressing CMS17HE tumor cells generated both CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells reactive with CHP-HER2 complex pretreated DCs. |
| 93 | 10807512 | Based on kinetic studies, we propose that interferon-gamma, presumably released by intrahepatic effector CD8+ T cells, mediates protection; the persistence of CD8+ T cells is, in turn, linked to Plasmodium antigen depots and cytokines released by CD4+ T cells and/or NK T cells. |
| 94 | 10812226 | In addition, the BLK/IL-4 cells were more effective than free recombinant IL-4 in decreasing OVA-specific IFN-gamma production and in increasing OVA-specific IL-4 production by splenic CD4(+) T cells. |
| 95 | 10820232 | We investigated whether LAG-3 could also play an adjuvant role in vivo for the induction of humoral and CD4 or CD8 cell-mediated immune responses when immunizing mice with a particulate (hepatitis B surface Ag) or soluble (OVA) Ag. |
| 96 | 10982767 | Colonic CD4(+) T cells from normal, IFN-gamma(-/-), or IL-12(-/- )mice produced both IL-4 and IL-5. |
| 97 | 10985254 | CD40 ligand (also called CD40L, CD154, or TNFSF5) is a membrane protein expressed mainly by activated CD4+ T cells, which interacts with its receptor, CD40, on a variety of cells. |
| 98 | 10985254 | Later, with the development of AIDS, CD40L-expressing CD4+ T cells become selectively depleted, perhaps as a result of a gp120-induced signal through CD4 that down-regulates CD40L expression. |
| 99 | 11106934 | Here we demonstrate that lymph node cells from MUC1.Tg mice immunized with the FC/MUC1 fusion cells proliferate in response to MUC1 antigen by a mechanism dependent on the function of CD4, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, B7-1, B7-2, CD28, CD40 and CD40 ligand. |
| 100 | 11120835 | Although both vaccinated and control-infected mice have equivalent frequencies of rHASPB1-specific CD4(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma, vaccine-induced protection correlates with the presence of rHASPB1-specific, IFN-gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells. |
| 101 | 11181647 | CD4 T-cell help is required during the generation and maintenance of effective antitumor CD8 T cell-mediated immunity. |
| 102 | 11196154 | Immunohistochemistry of dvB7Ig/G207-inoculated tumors revealed a significant increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration compared with control tumors inoculated with defective vector expressing alkaline phosphatase (dvAP/G207). |
| 103 | 11251876 | Both LT and CT induce B7-2 expression on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for subsequent co-stimulatory signalling to CD4+ T cells. |
| 104 | 11257398 | The mechanism of protection elicited by plasmid DNA vaccination appeared to be exclusively CD4 dependent, whereas the protection observed with ICD protein vaccination required both CD4 and CD8 T cells. |
| 105 | 11259659 | In this study, a CD4(+) T cell line was generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a melanoma patient and was shown to recognize NY-ESO-1 peptides presented by HLA-DP4, a dominant MHC class II allele expressed in 43--70% of Caucasians. |
| 106 | 11290793 | Thus, CD40 signaling can deliver potent adjuvant activity for vaccination against intracellular pathogens and is particularly effective for pathogens requiring both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells for effective control. |
| 107 | 11290794 | The durable protection in mice vaccinated with AgDNA was associated with the recruitment of both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells to the site of intradermal challenge and with IFN-gamma production by CD8(+) T cells in lymph nodes draining the challenge site. |
| 108 | 11290810 | Immature DC (DCimm) capture, process, and present Ags to CD4(+) lymphocytes, which reciprocally activate DCimm through CD40, and the resulting mature DC (DCmat) loose phagocytic capacity, but acquire the ability to efficiently stimulate CD8(+) lymphocytes. |
| 109 | 11431420 | Here we show an essential role for CD4(+) T(h)1 helper cell induction and IFN-gamma production in protection from viral challenge with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing HIV-1MN viral envelope glycoprotein gp160. |
| 110 | 11739668 | Infection was inhibited by SDF-1 on cells expressing CD4 and CXCR4 for both viruses, whereas RANTES abolished infection of cells expressing CCR5 in addition to CD4 in studies of the RV expressing HIV-1(89.6) Env. |
| 111 | 11918691 | Finally, CD4(+) T lymphocytes were required for proliferation responses, as shown by assays using CD4- versus CD8-depleted PBMC. |
| 112 | 11929124 | OX40 (CD134), a membrane-bound member of the tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor superfamily, is expressed primarily on activated CD4+ T cells. |
| 113 | 11929124 | They include: (1) T cells isolated from a site of inflammation that express OX40 are T cells that have been stimulated recentlythrough the T-cell receptor in vivo; (2) OX40 is only expressed on T cells found at the site of inflammation, therefore, targeting this receptor does not interfere with the peripheral T-cell repertoire; and (3) the biological function of OX40 is limited primarily to effector CD4+ T cells, which are a major source of cytokines to induce and maintain ongoing immune responses. |
| 114 | 11943227 | IL-4 is a Th2 type cytokine, which enhances antibody production and inhibits a CD4 Th1 phenotype. |
| 115 | 11980655 | Thus, the identification of the naturally processed HLA-DR7-restricted hTRT epitope, together with the previous finding of class I-restricted hTRT epitopes, provide a basis for the combined application of class I- and II-restricted hTRT epitopes to induce potent, long-term CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against a broad spectrum of tumors. |
| 116 | 11983249 | The minimal envelope glycoprotein region that specifies this increase in membrane-fusing capacity was sufficient to convert SHIV-89.6 into a virus that causes profound CD4(+) T-cell depletion in monkeys. |
| 117 | 12563472 | CD69 expression was significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) on CD8+ as compared to CD4+ T cells. |
| 118 | 12584672 | Expression of CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain) was used to monitor antigen-specific activation of T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, and gamma delta T cells) from cattle immunized with modified-live virus (MLV) bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines. |
| 119 | 12597365 | In Peyer's patches (PPs) and lamina propria (LP), IgA was produced under a Th1-dominant environment; CD4+T cells from produced interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and IL-10 by stimulation with salmonella extract. |
| 120 | 12597365 | On the same protocol, flagellin plus CT induced flagellin-specific mucosal and systemic IgA and IgG1 antibodies, CD4+T cells producing IL-10 and IFN-gamma in PPs and LP, and only minimal levels of flagellin-specific DFR. |
| 121 | 12597365 | Polysome plus CT induced polysome-specific mucosal and systemic IgG2a in addition to IgG1 and IgA antibodies, CD4+T cells producing IFN-gamma and IL-2 in PPs and LP, and polysome-specific DFR. |
| 122 | 12718934 | They also nonspecifically induced IL-10 secretion from CD4 but not CD8 T cells. |
| 123 | 12486032 | We find that although 5-Helix binds poorly to native gp41, it binds strongly to gp41 activated by interaction of the envelope protein with either soluble CD4 or membrane-bound cellular receptors. |
| 124 | 12667293 | The DCs loading survivin activated T cells with higher CD4(+) T(H) ratio as compared with DCs group, T cells activated with DCs expressed CD8 and CD56. |
| 125 | 12684682 | The combination of CHP-HER2 complex vaccination and depletion of CD4+ T cells enhanced and restored HER2-specific CD8+ T cells in the late stage of tumor-bearing, and also suppressed tumor growth. |
| 126 | 12672905 | Both non-BCG-treated and BCG-treated cord blood DCs efficiently induced a high level of IL-10, medium level of interferon-gamma, but little IL-4 production by cord blood naïve CD4+ T cells. |
| 127 | 12807483 | Resting bone marrow DC pulsed with ovalbumin ISCOMS efficiently prime resting CD8+ T cells through a mechanism that is transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) dependent, but independent of CD40 ligation and CD4+ T-cell help. |
| 128 | 12810686 | Virus replication was prolonged despite the presence of memory CD4+ T helper cells primed by the two prior infections and was not terminated until HCV-specific CD8+ T cells recovered in the liver. |
| 129 | 12816980 | We have studied whether targeting of TLR2 results in loading of MHC class II molecules and enhancement of CD4(+) T cell responses. |
| 130 | 12817001 | Another of these DR1-restricted CD4(+) clones recognized not only the MAGE-3/12 peptide but also homologous peptides encoded by genes MAGE-1, 2, 4, 6, 10, and 11. |
| 131 | 12750177 | Antitumor activity and production of autoantibodies against Flk-1 could be abrogated by the depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes. |
| 132 | 12824194 | This LAMP/Gag chimera with the complete LAMP protein colocalized with endogenous MHC II of transfected cells and elicited strong cellular and humoral immune responses of immunized mice as compared with the response to DNA-encoding native Gag, with a 10-fold increase in CD4+ responses, a 4- to 5-fold increase in CD8+ T-cell responses, and antibody titers of >100,000. |
| 133 | 14502286 | Activation of cross-priming by IFN-alpha/beta was independent of CD4+ T cell help or interaction of CD40 and CD40 ligand, and involved direct stimulation of dendritic cells. |
| 134 | 14530311 | Intratumor injection of CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides was shown to induce a tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response of the type 1 effector class, and T cells adoptively transferred the protection to RAG-1 knockout mice. |
| 135 | 12960237 | Therapeutic agents that interfere with the binding of the HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 to the CD4 receptor (e.g., PRO 542, PRO 2000, and CV-N) or the coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 (e.g., SCH-C and AMD3100) are briefly outlined in this review. |
| 136 | 14657379 | Here, we show that soluble suppressive factors are produced against CXCR4 and CCR5 isolates of HIV-1 during the primary immune response of human CD4+ T cells. |
| 137 | 14624313 | It was shown that CD4+ T-cells specific for the CEA(116 )epitope can recognize and respond to naturally processed CEA protein and CEA(116 )epitope can be promiscuously presented by commonly found major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alleles. |
| 138 | 14704372 | Here, we demonstrate that immunization with antigen in the presence of CT induced a population of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells that produced IL-10 in the absence of IL-4, in addition to cells that coexpressed IL-4 and IL-10 or produced IL-4 only. |
| 139 | 14730400 | MHC class II(+)CD80+ vaccine cells were transfected with hen eggwhite lysozyme targeted to the cytosol, nuclei, mitochondria, or endoplasmic reticulum, and used as antigen-presenting cells to activate I-Ak-restricted, lysozyme-specific CD4+ 3A9 transgenic T cells. |
| 140 | 14740174 | Stimulating anti-cancer CD4+ T cell responses by MHC class-II epitope peptides has been limited by their weak potency, at least compared with tight-binding MHC class-I epitope peptides. |
| 141 | 15153510 | Using plasmid vaccination with DNA encoding the putative phosphate transport receptor PstS-3 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 36 overlapping 20-mer peptides spanning the entire PstS-3 sequence, we determined the immunodominant Th1-type CD4(+) T cell epitopes in C57BL/10 mice, as measured by spleen cell IL-2 and IFN-gamma production. |
| 142 | 15153546 | The identified epitope mapped to the 19-34 region of the protein and was recognized by CD4(+) T cells from an Ag-expressing melanoma patient in association with HLA-DPB1*0101. |
| 143 | 15242543 | On average, CD4 T cells from the vaccinated animals recognized 7.1 peptide pools and CD8 T cells, 3.2 peptide pools. |
| 144 | 15265915 | CD4(+)CD28(-) cells only produced IFN-gamma after stimulation with CMV-Ag, whereas CD4(+)CD28(+) cells also produced IFN-gamma in response to varicella-zoster virus and purified protein derivative. |
| 145 | 15265931 | Deleting a single amino acid from the amino or carboxy terminus of either peptide markedly reduced IFN-gamma production, suggesting that they are minimal epitopes for both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells. |
| 146 | 15265933 | We describe in this study an approach by which multiple CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell epitopes are processed and presented from an exogenously added HIV-1 Gag-p24 peptide of 32 aa complexed to heat shock protein (HSP) gp96. |
| 147 | 15265933 | Given previous reports of the strong immunogenicity of HSP/peptide complexes, the present data suggest that HSP-complexed peptides containing multiple MHC class I- and class II-restricted epitopes represent potential vaccine candidates for HIV and other viral infections suitable to induce effective CTL memory by simultaneously providing CD4 T cell help. |
| 148 | 15383418 | Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) collected before immunotherapy were co-cultured with Canvaxin cells; cellular response was determined by flow cytometric measurement of the production of intracellular interleukin 4 (IL4) or interferon gamma (IFNgamma) by CD4(+) T-cells. |
| 149 | 15569635 | The J TCBL/ICBL is a peptide from beta-2-microglobulin which binds to the CD8 protein and promotes Th1 responses and the G TCBL/ICBL is a peptide from the beta chain of MHC II molecules that binds to the CD4 protein and promotes Th2 responses. |
| 150 | 15969102 | The number of CD4 + CD8 + and the levels of IFN-gamma IL-2 increased significantly after immunization with pcDNA3.1/MAGE-3 plasmid as compared with those of control groups (P < 0.01). |
| 151 | 16219167 | SARS-Cov infection stimulates cytokines (e.g., IL-10, IFN-gamma, IL-1, etc.) expression dramatically, and T lymphocytes and their subsets CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are decreased after onset of the disease. |
| 152 | 15536147 | The culture of CD40L/OX40L-expressing B-CLL cells with autologous T cells generated CD4+/CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell lines, which secreted interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and granzyme-B/perforin in response to autologous, but not to allogeneic, B-CLL cells or to autologous T-cell blasts. |
| 153 | 15749128 | CD8 T cells exhibited 75% conservation for height and 83% conservation for breadth, whereas CD4 responses exhibited 45% conservation for height and 50% conservation for breadth. |
| 154 | 15749921 | Moreover, CTL-mediated killing of hTERT targets was enhanced in the LAMP hTERT group, suggesting that an improved CD4+ response could augment a CTL response. |
| 155 | 15750831 | Neutralization of TGF-beta can enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccine encoding mTRP-2 and the induction of antitumor immunity by this immunization strategy is associated with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 156 | 15750832 | In addition, we show that tumor sensitivity to IFN-gamma is not required for inhibition of tumor angiogenesis by Lm-LLO-E7 or for trafficking of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to the tumor. |
| 157 | 15650058 | Id-specific CD8(+) cells were required to mediate the effector phase of a therapeutic response, and CD4(+) cells were beneficial in the induction phase of the response. |
| 158 | 15650058 | These results demonstrate that fusing Id to LAMP1 enhances CD8(+) and CD4(+) Id-specific responses for NHLs and may be useful therapeutically. |
| 159 | 15650885 | In particular, we describe the effect on tumor angiogenesis, induction of antitumor suppressor factors like CD4+CD25+ T cells and regulatory cytokines TGF-beta and IL-10, homing and infiltration of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells to the tumor, and also effects of the vaccines on antigen-presenting cells, especially focusing on dendritic cell maturation and ability to influence tumor regression. |
| 160 | 15753659 | Using intracellular flow cytometric analysis, it was found that the IFN-gamma response was contributed by CD4+ T-cells. |
| 161 | 15778289 | Our data demonstrate that specific antigen targeting via CD16 on M-DC8(+) DC is a promising vaccination approach for the efficient induction of specific CD4(+) T cell responses ex vivo, and perhaps in vivo. |
| 162 | 15831965 | It was demonstrated that CD8+ cells reduced the lifespan of infected CD4+ cells to 1 day, considerably shorter than the 30 day lifespan of uninfected cells in vivo. |
| 163 | 15837814 | In addition, CD4(+) T cell lines specific for tetanus toxoid (TT) generated in the presence of chA6 mAb were anergic and suppressed the proliferation and interferon (IFN)-gamma production by TT-specific effector T cells by an interleukin-10-dependent mechanism, indicating that these cells were equivalent to type 1 regulatory T cells. |
| 164 | 15838380 | Depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes could completely abrogate the antitumor activity and EGFR-specific antibody responses, whereas the depletion of CD8+ T lymphocytes showed partial abrogation of the antitumor activity but antibody was still detected. |
| 165 | 15843519 | Although endocytosed proteins are commonly presented via the class II MHC pathway to stimulate CD4(+) T cells, professional APCs can also cross-present Ags, whereby these exogenous peptides can be complexed with class I MHC for cross-priming of CD8(+) T cells. |
| 166 | 15843575 | Immunization and challenge studies with beta(2)-microglobulin(-/-) mice indicated that the reduction of lung Cpn burdens was mediated by the MHC class I-dependent CD8(+) T cells to minigene-included Cpn CTL epitopes, rather than by pan-DR epitope-specific CD4(+) T cells. |
| 167 | 15907968 | Pigtail macaques vaccinated intramuscularly with DNA/recombinant fowlpox virus exhibited a coordinated induction of first Gag-specific CD4 T cell responses and then a week later Gag-specific CD8 T cell responses following the fowlpox virus boost. |
| 168 | 15952060 | Indeed, stimulation of T cells with Tat-mammaglobin transduced dendritic cells led to an expansion of mammaglobin-specific CD4 T helper-1 lymphocytes along with CD8 CTL. |
| 169 | 15963818 | In addition, exposure to the virulent CSFV significantly increased interleukin-10 production by the CD4(-)CD8(+) populations in PBMCs of the unvaccinated pigs. |
| 170 | 15964481 | The ability of LFn--HIV to induce both CD8- and CD4-mediated responses may have relevance in current approaches to vaccine design. |
| 171 | 15972497 | OVA-specific CD4+ T cells isolated from mice immunized with OVA plus mStx1 or StxB1 produced IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10, indicating that mStx1 and StxB1 elicit both Th1- and Th2-type responses. |
| 172 | 15994817 | In the acute stage of infection following sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), virus-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte responses partially control but do not eradicate infection from the lymphatic tissues (LTs) or prevent the particularly massive depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes in gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT). |
| 173 | 16000955 | Both CD4+ T cells produced interferon-gamma in response to naturally processed PSA secreted from prostate cancer cells, whereas their reactivity to the administered PSA248-257 peptide was undetectable or negligible. |
| 174 | 16006753 | CD4+ T cells induced from mice immunized with gp70 gene-transduced DCs produced higher levels of IFN-gamma by stimulation with CT26 than those from mice immunized with AH-1-pulsed DCs (p < 0.0001), and it was suggested that DCs transduced with tumor-associated antigen (TAA) gene induced tumor-specific CD4+ T cells, and those CD4+ T cells played a critical role in the priming phase of the CD8+ T cell response for the induction of CD8+ CTL. |
| 175 | 16046540 | Here we show that a cellular ligand for NKp44 (NKp44L) is expressed during HIV-1 infection and is correlated with both the progression of CD4+ T cell depletion and the increase of viral load. |
| 176 | 16046540 | CD4+ T cells expressing this ligand are highly sensitive to the NK lysis activity mediated by NKp44+ NK cells. |
| 177 | 16061684 | Vaccine-mediated induction of protective antitumor immunity in the preventive setting (i.e., before tumor challenge) was CD4+ T cell dependent because depletion of this T-cell subset prevented CD8+ T-cell induction. |
| 178 | 16061684 | Spontaneous eradication of tumors, which had initially grown out, was similarly observed in MHC class II-deficient mice, supporting the notion that the tumor-bearing mice harbor a class II MHC-restricted CD4+ T-cell subset capable of suppressing a tumor-specific CD8+ T-cell immune response. |
| 179 | 16061684 | The deleterious effects of the presence of CD4+ T cells in tumor-bearing hosts could be overcome by CD40-triggering or injection of CpG. |
| 180 | 16061876 | Human CTLs specific for these two peptides were generated after sensitization of HLA-A2402-positive CD8(+) T cells with autologous CD4(+) PHA blasts transduced with respective mRNA. |
| 181 | 16177328 | In vivo depletion of T-cell subsets showed that the pCIOmp31-induced protection against Brucella infection is mediated predominantly by CD8(+) T cells, although CD4(+)T cells also contribute. |
| 182 | 16188982 | The transcription factor T-bet regulates the differentiation of CD4(+) T-helper type 1 (Th1) cells and represses Th2 lineage commitment. |
| 183 | 16193641 | CD4+ T lymphocytes are a key element in optimal activation of CD8+ T cells and in the maintenance of immune memory, and therefore their activation is critical for cancer vaccine efficacy. |
| 184 | 16303787 | We demonstrate here that the addition of PGE2 to TNF for the maturation of MoDCs enhanced CD4 and CD8 T cell proliferative responses to neoantigen and recall antigen, and enhanced Th1-type responses. |
| 185 | 16477768 | Percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and B cells expressing MHC class II antigen, were unaffected by diet or age. |
| 186 | 16847165 | The CD4+ T helper cell is critical with animal models demonstrating that cure is associated with strong IFN-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-12 responses in the absence of classical Th2 cytokines or IL-10. |
| 187 | 16075195 | Protection was CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-dependent and was associated with tumour-specific CTL, IFNgamma and IL-5 responses. |
| 188 | 16152624 | Two partly overlapping NY-ESO-1 epitopes p49-66 and p55-72 were identified as targets for NY-ESO-1-specific CD4+ T cells. |
| 189 | 16171909 | To determine the reactivity of vaccine-induced HBsAg-specific T cells of both effector and memory phenotype CD4+/CD45RA+ and CD4+/CD45R0+ T cells, respectively, were isolated, stimulated with HBsAg and tested for IFN-gamma and IL-5-secretion by enzyme-linked immunospot assays (Elispot). |
| 190 | 16173035 | BDC from both groups were capable of eliciting allogeneic proliferative responses and inducing autologous CD4+ responses to naïve and recall antigens, and antigen-specific CD8+ responses to influenza matrix protein and prostate specific antigen. |
| 191 | 16369012 | Three heterodimeric cytokines, interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-23, and IL-27, as well as IL-18, contribute to the differentiation and expansion of naive CD4(+) T cells. |
| 192 | 16369867 | A hepatitis C virus (HCV) plasmid vaccine was constructed, based on class II-associated invariant chain peptide (CLIP) substitution which endogenously targets HCV non-structure protein 3 (NS3) CD4+ T helper 1(Th1) epitope (1248AA-1261AA) to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen. |
| 193 | 16393983 | OX40 costimulation can also prevent, and even reverse, CD4+ T cell anergy. |
| 194 | 16393983 | Moreover, we demonstrate that OX40 expression is up-regulated on both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells shortly after administration of a GM-CSF expressing vaccine. |
| 195 | 16398699 | Immunization of CEA-transgenic mice with an adenoviral vector coding for CEA induced a significant CD8+ T-cell response specific to CEA but failed to induce CEA-specific CD4+ T cells and antibodies. |
| 196 | 16275163 | Direct injection of the OVA-, Ii-OVA-, or TfR-OVA-expressing vectors into mice resulted in a CD4(+) T cell response, as shown by expansion of adoptively transferred OT-II T cells and upregulation of CD44 on these cells. |
| 197 | 16381597 | We found that SOCS1-silenced DCs broadly induced enhanced HIV-1 envelope (Env)-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD4+ T helper cells, as well as antibody responses, in mice. |
| 198 | 16424052 | Therefore, tumor cells transduced with the CIITA, CD80, and with or without Ii siRNA present endogenously synthesized tumor antigens and are potential vaccines for activating tumor-specific CD4+ T cells. |
| 199 | 16424184 | Thus, the IL-4Ralpha level on naive CD4 T cells is genetically controlled by Hlx and determines the ratio of Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. |
| 200 | 16424205 | Indeed, CD4+CD25+ cells suppressed IFN-gamma production by splenocytes from immune mice in response to stimulation by the AH1 peptide. |
| 201 | 16424205 | Low concentrations of IL-21 (10 ng/ml) failed to reverse the inhibitory activity of CD4+CD25+ cells in an allogeneic MLR, whereas 60 ng/ml rIL-21 partially restored responder T cell proliferation. |
| 202 | 16425996 | In flow cytometric analyses of intracellular cytokines, T-cell receptor stimulation with an anti-CD3 antibody induced gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) expression by activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes at greater frequencies than did stimulation with recombinant envelope glycoprotein and p24 of HIV-1 (P < 0.05). |
| 203 | 16425996 | Comparing pre- to post-HIV-1 vaccination time points, changes in frequencies of activated, IFN-gamma-producing CD4(+) cells correlated inversely with changes in lymphocyte proliferation in response to recombinant envelope glycoprotein in HIV-1 vaccinees (P < 0.05). |
| 204 | 16176850 | Recent advances in studies of T cell memory have implicated the tumor-necrosis-factor receptor (TNFR) family member, OX40 (CD134), as a key co-stimulatory molecule involved in the regulation of CD4 memory T cells. |
| 205 | 16493050 | Myeloid cells had a CD4+CD11b+CD11c+CD16+CD123(low)HLA-DR- phenotype, expressed myeloperoxidase, and included a population of M-CSFR+ monocyte-lineage committed cells. |
| 206 | 16044253 | Splenocytes obtained from 3H1-CpG-immunized mice showed an increased proliferative CD4(+) Th1-type T-cell response when stimulated in vitro with 3H1 or CEA and secreted elevated levels of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma). |
| 207 | 16879247 | In the present study, we evaluated the capacity of PspA to stimulate CD4+ T cells which are needed for the correct development of a B cell based immune response in humans. |
| 208 | 16824651 | We found that vaccination with CD4 depletion significantly reduced the number of E7-specific CD8(+) T cells in mice. |
| 209 | 16824651 | Furthermore, CD4(+) T cells are important for the long-term anti-tumor effects generated by vaccination with SINrep5-E7/HSP70 and booster with vac-E7/HSP70. |
| 210 | 16904966 | The p70 IL-12 produced by the TLR8-primed DC polarized CD4+ T for Th1 cytokine production and induced CD8+ T cells, displaying high functional avidity with enhanced tumor cell recognition. |
| 211 | 16997788 | The frequency of Interferon-gamma and Interleukin (IL)-2 expressing CD4+/CD8+ T-cell subsets was significantly higher with a concomitant reduction in IL-4 and IL-10 expressing T-cells in the vaccine treated group as compared with the untreated controls. |
| 212 | 17005692 | The early CCR5+CD38+++ vaccinia virus-specific CD4+ T cells were similar to our previous observations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD4+ T cells in primary HIV type 1 (HIV-1) infection, but the vaccinia virus-specific cells expressed much more CD127 and IL-2 than we previously found in their HIV-specific counterparts. |
| 213 | 16923919 | Most CD4+-transformed T cell lines express only CXCR4, but primary lymphocytes and macrophages, the main cellular targets for infection in vivo, express both coreceptors. |
| 214 | 17056564 | This study demonstrates for the first time a protective adjuvant effect of CpG ODN for a live viral vector vaccine that may overcome CD4 deficiency in the induction of protective CD8(+) T cell-mediated immunity. |
| 215 | 16896154 | Regulatory T (T(reg)) cells are a subset of CD25(+)CD4(+) T cells that constitutively express high levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and suppress T-cell activation and effector functions. |
| 216 | 16896154 | CTLA-4 blockade was associated with decreased viral RNA levels in lymph nodes and an increase in the effector function of both SIV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 217 | 16934309 | We found that the percentage of T cells expressing IL-7R was significantly lower in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell subsets in SIV-infected macaques than in healthy animals and this decrease directly correlated with the CD4(+) T cell number. |
| 218 | 16934309 | Importantly, the proportion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells expressing IL-7R in blood paralleled that found in tissues. |
| 219 | 17050052 | When included in the boost, but not the prime of a poxvirus prime-boost strategy, 4-1BBL significantly enhanced the anti-HIV T cell response generated to this vaccination in BALB/c mice, as detected by ex vivo IFNgamma ELISPOT responses, intracellular cytokine staining to HIV Gag antigens, and enumeration of Gag-reactive CD8 T cells. 4-1BBL however, is not capable of modulating the CD4 T cell response, nor the antibody response to this vaccination strategy. |
| 220 | 17082593 | CD4+ T cells isolated from PBMC obtained from HLA-DR4- normal donors were stimulated ex vivo with autologous DC transfected with wt p53 or mutant p53 cDNA. |
| 221 | 17082593 | In addition, the presence of anti-p53(25-35) CD4+ Th cells was shown to enhance the in vitro generation/expansion of HLA-A2-restricted, anti-wt p53(264-272) CD8+ T cells, which from one donor were initially "nonresponsive" to the wt p53(264-272) peptide. |
| 222 | 17082611 | Tumor-associated effector memory CD8+ T cells displayed impaired cytotoxic function, whereas CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells effectively inhibited T cell proliferation demonstrating functional integrity. |
| 223 | 17082666 | GET of the candidate HCV vaccine led to vigorous, multispecific IFN-gamma+CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte responses in chimpanzees, which were comparable to those measured in five individuals that cleared spontaneously HCV infection. |
| 224 | 17086054 | The myristoylation site of HIV and SIV Nef is required for several Nef functions that modulate the immune response in an infected host, including downregulation of MHC-I, MHC-II, and CD4, and increased expression of the invariant chain on the cell surface. |
| 225 | 17086054 | Nef-specific CD4 and CD8 memory T cells that produced intracellular IFN-gamma, interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were assessed by flow cytometry. |
| 226 | 17041945 | The samples were studied using 4-color flow cytometry for "naïve", central memory and effector memory cells as well as for CD38 expression as the sign of activation within both the CD4+ and the CD8+ T cell populations. |
| 227 | 17081609 | In contrast, transcripts for costimulatory receptors and ligands were notably different following activation, as WC1(+) T cells expressed no or lower levels of transcripts for CD28 and CD40L, while CD4(+) T cells expressed substantial levels of both. |
| 228 | 17183611 | The increased numbers of memory CD8+ T cells generated via anti-OX40 treatment still required the presence of CD4+ T cells for their long-term maintenance in vivo. |
| 229 | 17049309 | PPD-stimulated peripheral leukocytes expressing CD4, CD69, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) and intracellular IFN-gamma were enumerated in whole blood and compared with the size of in vivo PPD-induced induration and IFN-gamma production levels as measured by ELISA in supernatants of PPD-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. |
| 230 | 17049309 | Multiple linear regression modeling of responses to PPD showed the highest association between skin test indurations and frequencies of PPD-responsive IFN-gamma-producing CD4+CD69+ T cells. |
| 231 | 17215523 | In contrast to expectations, BrdU incorporation experiments demonstrated that CTLA-4 expression was associated with normal or even enhanced in vivo proliferation of virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells following acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or vaccinia virus infection. |
| 232 | 17412629 | Depletion experiments showed that immunoprotection required the cooperative action of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in association with IFN-gamma and IL-12. |
| 233 | 17462078 | In this study we investigated CD94 and NKG2 gene expression in memory CD4 T-cell clones established from the spleens of C57BL/10 (H-2(b)) and BALB/c (H-2(d)) mice infected with influenza A virus (H3N2). |
| 234 | 17462078 | We show in this study that in-vivo-generated CD4 Th1 cells, but not Th2 cells, exhibited full-length CD94 and NKG2A gene expression following activation with viral peptide. |
| 235 | 17465004 | IFN-gamma-secreting T cells recognized a previously unknown immunodominant CD4+ T cell epitope, HBx 126-140 (EIRLKVFVLGGCRHK), in 86% (24 of 28) of patients. |
| 236 | 17466906 | The adjuvant effect of beta-glu6 was evident in the increase of T and B cell activation in response to HBsAg, as judged by the percentage of CD69-positive CD4(+) and CD19(+) lymphocytes in the spleen. beta-glu6 could significantly enhance the number of IL-4-producing cells in response to HBsAg, while it had no effect on the number of IFN-gamma-producing lymphocytes, suggesting a Th2 bias of the immune response. |
| 237 | 17250590 | In mice, a primary vaccination with Ag85B-encoding plasmid DNA (DNA-85B) was protective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection and associated with Ag85B-specific CD4+ T cells producing IFN-gamma and controlling intramacrophagic MTB growth. |
| 238 | 17250590 | Loss of protection was associated with a overwhelming CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production in response to Ag85B protein, despite restraint of Th1 response by CD8+ T cell-dependent mechanisms and activation of CD4+ T cell-dependent IL-10 secretion. |
| 239 | 17250590 | Importantly, these Ag85B-responding CD4+ T cells lost the ability to produce IFN-gamma and control MTB intramacrophagic growth in coculture with MTB-infected macrophages, suggesting that the protein-dependent expansion of non-protective CD4+ T cells determined dilution or loss of the protective Ag85B-specific CD4+ induced by DNA-85B vaccination. |
| 240 | 17438065 | Interferon (IFN)-gamma, a cytokine critical for resistance to infection and tumors, is produced by CD4(+) helper T lymphocytes after stimulation by cultured dendritic cells (DCs) that secrete a cofactor, interleukin (IL)-12. |
| 241 | 17451739 | Here we describe extensive studies to optimize and quantitatively validate the 8-color ICS assay for use in clinical trials of candidate vaccines, which includes measurement of viable IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha and IL-4 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 242 | 17478016 | IL-12 and IFN-gamma were released by CD4(+) T cells whereas IL-4 and IL-10 were impaired. |
| 243 | 17485153 | In contrast, DCs incubated with aluminum/OVA activated CD4(+) T cells to secrete IL-4 and IL-5 as well as IFN-gamma. |
| 244 | 17485153 | Inhibition of IL-1beta and IL-18 secretion by DCs via inhibition of caspase-1 also led to a marked decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 by CD4(+) T cells. |
| 245 | 17499405 | The results show that TLR2 and CD14 are efficient targets for delivery of antigen to APC for stimulation of HLA class II-restricted CD4(+) T cells. |
| 246 | 17475646 | The CD4(+) CD25((Bright+)) T-cell-mediated suppression was effective on both peripheral blood and conjunctiva infiltrating T(eff) cells and was cell-cell contact dependent but independent of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta. |
| 247 | 17555578 | CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts were measured by Flow cytometry. r32kDaBCG (Ag85A-BCG) protein was used to stimulate T cells in in vitro T cell responses and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) cytokine levels in the supernatants were measured by ELISA. |
| 248 | 17616633 | The CSU-F36 fusion protein strongly induced interleukin 12 secretion from macrophages and induced the increased accumulation of CD4 T cells capable of secreting gamma interferon in the lungs of infected mice. |
| 249 | 17505023 | Cross-talk between TGF-beta and IL-6 has been shown to direct the differentiation of CD4(+) cells into special IL-17-secreting cells, which are termed Th17 cells. |
| 250 | 17553885 | Virus-specific CD4 T cells are endowed with multiple functions, such as cytokine production, CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression (associated with the costimulation of CD8 and B cells), and degranulation (associated with cytotoxic potential). |
| 251 | 17553885 | CD4 T cells specific for each of the viruses produced all seven possible combinations of the cytokines gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. |
| 252 | 17641019 | Unexpectedly, CD4(+) depletion turned E. coli OVA into a vaccine as effective as E. coli LLO/OVA suggesting that a subset of CD4(+) cells suppressed the CD8(+) T cell-mediated antitumor response. |
| 253 | 17641038 | MDCs and PDCs exposed to either rAd5 or rAd35 encoding for CMV pp65 were able to present pp65 and activate CMV-specific memory CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells in a dose-dependent manner, but MDCs stimulated the highest frequencies of pp65-specific T cells. |
| 254 | 17651141 | Neutralization of IL-10 led to significantly increased production of IFN-gamma in cultures with CD4+CD25- T effector cells. |
| 255 | 17499382 | IFN-gamma expression by CD4(+) T cells was CD8(+) T cells-dependent. |
| 256 | 17540847 | When delivered in vivo by intramuscular injection of plasmids followed by electroporation, dimeric proteins efficiently primed APCs in draining lymph nodes for activation and proliferation of Id-specific CD4(+) T cells. |
| 257 | 17623060 | We observed qualitative differences between the T cell responses induced by the two different vectors: DNA-encoded nef induced long-lasting CD8+ T cell memory responses, whereas MVA-encoded nef induced CD4+ T cell memory responses. |
| 258 | 17626150 | The EXO(OVA)-uptaken CD4(+) aT(EXO) cell vaccine induces much more efficient CD8(+) T cell responses and immunity against challenge of OVA-transfected BL6-10 melanoma cells expressing OVA in wild-type C57BL/6 mice than EXO(OVA). |
| 259 | 17626150 | The in vivo stimulatory effect of the CD4(+) aT(EXO) cell to CD8(+) T cell responses is mediated and targeted by its CD40 ligand signaling/acquired exosomal CD80 and pMHC I complexes, respectively. |
| 260 | 17634507 | The ability of DCs from HCV-infected persons to stimulate allogeneic CD4+ T cells or induce IL-2, IL-5, or IL-10 in a mixed lymphocyte reaction was not impaired. |
| 261 | 17707394 | Long-term cryopreservation caused marked decreases in CD4(+) T cell responses to whole proteins (HIV p55 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) lysate) and HIV peptides, and more limited decreases in CD8(+) T cell responses to whole proteins. |
| 262 | 17785828 | Mo-DCs matured by IFN-gamma and NadADelta351-405 supported the proliferation of naive CD4+ T lymphocytes, inducing the differentiation of both IFN-gamma and IL-4 producing phenotypes. |
| 263 | 17655942 | Regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) is an inflammatory chemokine that promotes the accumulation and activation of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), which would favor antiviral immunity. |
| 264 | 17700709 | These CD4(+)KJI-26(+) cells were only transiently activated and produced IL-10 and IL-4 and not IFN-gamma. |
| 265 | 17853940 | CD137 is expressed on activated T cells and ligands to this costimulatory molecule have clinical potential for amplifying CD8 T cell immunity to tumors and viruses, while suppressing CD4 autoimmune T cell responses. |
| 266 | 17853940 | Blocking IL-10 function rescued CD4 antiviral immunity but not CD8(+) T cell deletion. |
| 267 | 17875349 | An accelerated (3 week-based) vaccination induced specific CD8+ T cells harboring two effector functions (cytolytic activity - both in vitro and in vivo- and production of IFNgamma) as well as specific CD4+ T cells recognizing all three vaccine antigens. |
| 268 | 17878387 | Although OK-DCs fused with unheated tumor cells efficiently enhanced CTL induction, OK-DCs fused with heat-treated tumor cells were most active, as demonstrated by: 1) up-regulation of multiple HSPs, MHC class I and II, CEA, CD80, CD86, CD83, and IL-12; 2) activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells able to produce IFN- gamma at higher levels; 3) efficient induction of CTL activity specific for CEA or MUC1 or both against autologous tumor; and 4) superior abilities to induce CD107+ IFN-gamma+ CD8+ T cells and CD154+ IFN-gamma+ CD4+ T cells. |
| 269 | 17893567 | Vaccination resulted in antitumor immune responses in 10/21 evaluable patients as manifested by an increase in CD4 and/or CD8 T-cell expression of interferon-gamma after ex vivo exposure to tumor lysate. |
| 270 | 17898045 | PD-1 blockade during peptide stimulation augmented the absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and gp100/MART-1 MHC:peptide tetramer+ CTLs. |
| 271 | 17702825 | The CMRF-35 monoclonal antibody binds to an epitope common to both molecules, expressed on most human leukocyte populations, apart from B lymphocytes and a subpopulation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes. |
| 272 | 17702825 | Resting peripheral CD4(+) T lymphocytes express CD300a mRNA and very low amounts of CD300c. |
| 273 | 17702825 | Within 18 h following in vitro activation, CMRF-35(++) CD4(+) lymphocytes express more IFN-gamma mRNA and protein compared with the CMRF-35(-)CD4(+) lymphocytes, however, after 24 h, both the CMRF-35(+) and CMRF-35(-)CD4(+) T lymphocytes were able to produce IFN-gamma. |
| 274 | 17719276 | In this review, we present evidence that suggests memory CD4(+) T cells can protect against tuberculosis in the absence of interferon gamma, and discuss potential mechanisms that may be involved such as IL-17 and regulatory T cells. |
| 275 | 17948267 | Promisingly, antigen 85A-specific CD4(+) T cells were found to be highly polyfunctional, producing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2 and MIP-1beta. |
| 276 | 17956985 | Epitopes located in and around the coreceptor binding site of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (gp120) exhibit enhanced exposure after attachment to the CD4 receptor and comprise some of the most conserved and functionally important residues on the viral envelope. |
| 277 | 17982028 | CD4 T cells transgenic for Hlx or infected with T-bet-expressing retrovirus produced IFN-gamma and retained high levels of H3K4me2 even after differentiated under Th2 polarizing conditions, suggesting positive roles of these two factors in maintaining high levels of H3K4me2 at the IFN-gamma gene. |
| 278 | 17982038 | The failure of CD8(+) T cells to expand in the absence of CD28 costimulation is CD4(+) T cell help independent and is accompanied by a failure to down-regulate Bcl-2 and by cell cycle arrest. |
| 279 | 18162176 | Furthermore, Salp15 prevents syncytia formation between HL2/3 (a stable HeLa cell line expressing the envelope protein) and CD4-expressing cells. |
| 280 | 18304707 | Significant increases were noted in CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD21(+), CD25(+), and gammadelta(+) cells against all four rAgs in vaccinated animals. rAg-specific expression of IL-2, IL-12p40, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha was significantly higher in the two vaccinated groups. |
| 281 | 18322193 | Moreover, memory CD8(+) T cells that release the DC-activating factor TNF-alpha before the release of cytotoxic granules induce DC expression of an endogenous granzyme B inhibitor PI-9 and protect DCs from CTL killing with similar efficacy as CD4(+) Th cells. |
| 282 | 18419605 | In iDC/T cell cultures, where antigen-specific T cell priming was significantly reduced as compared to mDC/T cell cultures, we demonstrated that the tolerogenic effect of iDC was mediated by soluble TGF-beta and IL-10 secreted by CD4(+)CD25(-)FOXP3(-) T cells. |
| 283 | 18422438 | The levels of purified protein derivative- or Ag85B-specific CD4+ T cells producing IFN-gamma were also higher in mice immunized with rBCG-Ag85B-IL15 than in mice immunized with rBCG-Ag85B. |
| 284 | 18425373 | IL-15, either alone or in combination with the B78/IL-12 vaccine, influenced infiltration of tumors with CD3(+) lymphocytes, CD4(+)and CD8(+). |
| 285 | 18467720 | Immune studies including assays of CD3-zeta expression and numbers of CD4(+)/CD25(+)/FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells, CD15(+)/CD11b(+)/CD14(-) immature myeloid-derived cells, and CD8(+)gp100 tetramer-positive cells in the blood did not correlate with clinical benefit. |
| 286 | 18473785 | These results indicate distinct vulnerabilities of two separate interactions of HIV-1 with human cells - Abs against the C-terminal portion of the MPR can neutralize CD4+-dependent infection, while Abs targeting the MPR's N-terminal portion can effectively block galactosyl ceramide dependent transcytosis. |
| 287 | 18579698 | The ability to detect CMV-specific LPA or IFN-gamma responses in HIV-infected individuals significantly increased with higher CD4 cell numbers. |
| 288 | 18462848 | Interestingly, intranasal delivery of the IL-15 construct with pcD-VP1 significantly enhanced the cell-mediated immunity (CMI) compared to the pcD-VP1 alone, as evidenced by the higher level of antigen-specific T-cell proliferation, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and higher expressions of IFN-gamma in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells inform the spleen and mucosal sites. |
| 289 | 18667509 | Analysis of the quality and quantity of vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cells demonstrated that SIV-specific CD8(+) T cells generated under conditions of CD4(+) T-cell deficiency expressed low levels of Bcl-2 and interleukin-2 (IL-2), and plasma virus levels increased over time. |
| 290 | 18812201 | The DC vaccine by electroporation with mRNA encoding CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA (DC/CRT-TAT-DeltaCEA) enhanced both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. |
| 291 | 18813280 | Mice immunized with these dual-delivery carriers demonstrated a significant "switch" toward Th1 response as evidenced by increase in interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production and decrease in IL-4 production by CD4+ T cells. |
| 292 | 19115935 | Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR) is a molecule that is constitutively expressed on CD4(+) Treg cells, and antibodies or natural ligands binding this molecule can impair Treg cell suppression. |
| 293 | 19177852 | The percentage of CD4+ T cells producing the cytokines IFN-gamma (type 1 cytokine) was greater than the percentage producing IL-13 (p=0.006). |
| 294 | 18644025 | Only Pam3CSK4-treated DCs induce IFN-gamma and IL-10 secretion by naïve CD4(+) T cells. |
| 295 | 19187432 | We observed that while the antibody had little effect on the IFN-gamma ELISpot response, CTLA-4 blockade enhanced antigen-specific cellular proliferation in both CD4(+) and CD8(+)T-cell compartments. |
| 296 | 19445368 | Also, these "central memory" CD4 T lymphocytes produce large quantities of IL-2, that they use in an autocrine manner, stimulating their self-renewal and ensuring their long-term survival. |
| 297 | 19162111 | Exogenous IL-12 administration resulted in robust gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) production and suppression of IL-4 from CD4+ T cell against both LM and LD. |
| 298 | 19264776 | Peptides containing the epitopes stimulated RSV-specific CD4 T cells to produce gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and other Th1- and Th2-type cytokines in an I-A(b)-restricted pattern. |
| 299 | 19264776 | Peptide-activated CD4 T cells from lungs were more activated and differentiated, and had greater IFN-gamma expression, than CD4 T cells from the spleen, which, in contrast, produced greater levels of IL-2. |
| 300 | 19264776 | In addition, M(209-223) peptide-activated CD4 T cells reduced IFN-gamma and IL-2 production in M- and M2-specific CD8 T-cell responses to D(b)-M(187-195) and K(d)-M2(82-90) peptides more than M2(25-39) peptide-stimulated CD4 T cells. |
| 301 | 19345343 | We demonstrated that CD4+ cells from CIP did not increase levels of CD40L and CD69 following stimulation with HBcAg alone or associated to CD28 crosslinking, in contrast to subjects that resolved the infection (p<0.01). |
| 302 | 19345343 | Furthermore, CD4+ cells from CIP produced elevated levels of IL-10 in response to HBcAg. |
| 303 | 19377964 | While CD8+ T cells recognize antigenic peptides presented in the context of MHC Class I, and play a key role in cellular immunity, CD4+ helper T-cells recognize antigens in the context of MHC Class II and assist other immune cells in orchestration of the defined immune response. |
| 304 | 19402204 | Intramuscular immunization with a DNA vaccine encoding CFP10 elicited production of IFN-gamma by systemic CD4+ T cells, and one intravenous dose of the CFP10-based DNA vaccine coated with polyethylenimine (PEI) stimulated IFN-gamma production by lung CD4+ cells and reduced the pulmonary bacillary burden. |
| 305 | 19321612 | Persistent cytokine responses of antigen-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells of the central memory as well as the effector memory phenotype, capable of simultaneously eliciting multiple cytokines (IFN-gamma, interleukin 2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha), were induced. |
| 306 | 19414774 | Tumor-educated CD11b(high)Ia(low) regulatory DCs inhibited CD4(+) T cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. 3LL lung cancer-derived TGF-beta and PGE(2) were responsible for the generation of regulatory DCs. |
| 307 | 19428898 | In BALB/c mice the vaccine preparation induced antigen-specific multi-functional CD4(+) T cells capable of producing IFN-gamma, IL-2, and/or TNF-alpha upon antigen re-exposure, and MPL-SE was indispensable to direct immune responses to SMT towards Th1. |
| 308 | 19428907 | In conclusion, the protection induced by pMIC3i was mainly mediated by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and both EGF and Lectin domains of MIC3 conferred protection. |
| 309 | 19184003 | Our results suggest that wt p53(108-122) and p53(153-166) peptides stimulate both Th1- and Th2-type CD4+ T cell responses in patients with SCCHN, and anti-p53 Th responses may persist even after surgical resection of the tumor; however, the presence of a tumor and its progression may affect the nature of immune responses to wt p53 peptides. |
| 310 | 19420076 | As seen in human infection, both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells demonstrated increased PD-1 expression in HIV-infected BLT mice, and PD-1 levels in these cells correlated positively with viral load and inversely with CD4(+) cell levels. |
| 311 | 19478203 | Analyses of splenocytes isolated from 12-week-old mice demonstrated that Alum increased the presence of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and downregulated the expression of T cell activation markers CD28 and ICOS in Apoe(-)(/)(-) mice but not in C57BL/6 wild-type mice. |
| 312 | 19587528 | The Mtb72F antigen induced good production of IL-2 and IFNgamma in the ELISPOT assay and CD4(+) T cells expressing at least two activation markers (mainly CD40-L and IL-2) were observed with ICS. |
| 313 | 19620295 | When the T effector response to oral vaccination is examined we find that activated, adoptively transferred Ag-specific CD4(+) T cells accumulate in the draining lymph nodes, but fail to produce IFN-gamma, in MyD88(-/-) mice. |
| 314 | 19635903 | We have found that culturing whole blood with Ag for 40-48 h induces specific CD4(+) T cells to simultaneously express CD25 and CD134. |
| 315 | 19644961 | In addition, the frequencies of CD4+ T cells producing tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-2 were lower in patients after vaccination compared with healthy control subjects. |
| 316 | 19648930 | CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and a mixed population of plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), including cells expressing the C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN, persisted at sites of HSV-2 reactivation for months after healing, even with daily antiviral therapy. |
| 317 | 19648930 | The CD4(+) T cells that persisted reacted to HSV-2 antigen, were enriched for expression of the chemokine receptor CCR5, and were contiguous to DCs expressing the interleukin-3 receptor CD123 or DC-SIGN. |
| 318 | 19444444 | In aged human beings and mice, the reduced levels of expression of CD40 ligand (CD40L) in activated CD4 helper T cells is dramatically reduced [Eaton et al. |
| 319 | 19683780 | Whereas, high doses of IL-15 (4 mg) decrease the production of IFN-gamma and the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and T(CM) levels in the proliferating CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 320 | 19692539 | Furthermore, lactoferrin-exposed BCG-infected DCs increased stimulation of BCG-specific CD3(+)CD4(+) splenocytes, as defined by increasing IFN-gamma production. |
| 321 | 19769731 | Targeting human MSLN to DEC-205 receptor induced stronger CD4(+) T-cell responses compared to high doses of mesothelin protein. |
| 322 | 19769731 | In summary, targeting of MSLN to DEC-205 improves the induction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell immunity accompanied by an antibody response. |
| 323 | 19786539 | However, these studies did not exclude that CD8(+) cell depletion increased homeostatic proliferation of CD4(+) T cells, resulting in increased viral targets and, therefore, viral rebound. |
| 324 | 19786539 | The frequency and number of Ki-67-expressing CD4(+) T cells were increased with CD8(+) cell depletion. |
| 325 | 19692465 | The region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 that engages its primary cellular receptor CD4 forms a site of vulnerability to neutralizing antibodies. |
| 326 | 19737892 | At 15, 40, 60, and 120 days postinfection, T-cell activation (CD4+ CD62Llow and CD8+ CD62Llow) and mRNA expression of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-10, IL-12, and eomesodermin were assessed. |
| 327 | 19803378 | The DCs that were pre-cultured with Peptide-25 specific CD4+ T cells together with OVA and Peptide-25 induced the proliferation and granzyme B production of OVA specific CD8+ T cells. |
| 328 | 19803378 | On the other hand, the DCs that were pre-cultured with Peptide-25 specific CD4+ T cells together with OVA and APL induced only proliferation of OVA specific CD8+ T cells. |
| 329 | 19816558 | Moreover, CD4(+) T cells produce copious amounts of IL-10, and may be an important cellular source of IL-10 during WNV infection in vivo. |
| 330 | 19654406 | We showed that interferon gamma and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were required for gp96-induced antimyeloma responses and that pooled gp96 induced broader immune responses that protected mice from developing different myeloma. |
| 331 | 19717136 | In IL-12KO mice, IELs and also CD4(+) T cells isolated from the spleen and MLNs of donor mice at the peak of infection (day 5) and after resolution (day 15) significantly reduced the parasite excretion, emphasizing the role of interferon-gamma in the host-parasite interaction. |
| 332 | 19846882 | BCG-70M-infected DC activated not only memory and naive CD8(+) T cells, but also CD4(+) T cells of both types to produce IFN-gamma. |
| 333 | 19846882 | When naive CD8(+) T cells were stimulated by BCG-70M-infected DC in the presence of naive CD4(+) T cells, CD62L(low)CD8(+) T cells and perforin-producing CD8(+) T cells were efficiently produced. |
| 334 | 19861451 | Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is an immunosuppressive cytokine, having direct suppressive activity against conventional CD4(+) and CD8(+)T cells and natural killer cells, thereby inhibiting tumor immunosurveillance. |
| 335 | 19876388 | We found that CMV-specific CD4+ T cells rapidly up-regulated production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta mRNA, resulting in a rapid increase in production of MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta after cognate antigen stimulation. |
| 336 | 19876388 | These data suggest that CD4+ T cells which produce MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta bind these chemokines in an autocrine fashion which decreases the risk of in vivo HIV infection. |
| 337 | 19808028 | Similarly, another strain of DeltalysA DeltasecA2 Mtb expressing SIV Gag induced Gag- and Mtb-specific CD8(+) T cells producing perforin or IFNgamma, and Gag-specific CD4(+) T cells producing IFNgamma within 3 weeks after immunization in adult mice; in addition, IFNgamma-producing Gag-specific CD8(+) T cells and Mtb-specific CD4(+) T cells were observed in neonatal mice within 1 week of immunization. |
| 338 | 19812258 | The levels of interleukin-2, gamma interferon, and the ratios of immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a)/IgG1 clearly showed that cocktail DNA vaccines induced CD4(+) Th1-type responses. |
| 339 | 19818504 | Thus, we conclude that glycan modification of antigens and targeting to DC-SIGN enhance both CD4 and CD8 T cell responses. |
| 340 | 19833737 | After activation, during the first days following plasmid DNA vaccination, NKT cells release IL-5 and MCP-1, leading to a T helper 0 (T(H)0) cytokine/chemokine profile and a stronger CD8(+)/CD4(+) T cell immune response. |
| 341 | 19837094 | After vaccination, CD4+ T cells responded to mCTB with significantly increased blast formation (P<0.01) and IFN-gamma production (P<0.05) compared to before vaccination. |
| 342 | 19895210 | For example, LT46 Nef is unable to bind AP-1 and AP-2 and therefore is inactive on CD4 endocytosis. |
| 343 | 19807670 | We here discuss the current approaches used for immune based cancer therapy, role of natural MHC class II-restricted CD4 T cells in tumor immunity, factors limiting the engagement of natural CD4 T cells in cancer immunotherapy protocols alongside CD8 T cells, and recent advances in TCR engineering approach to address these limitations. |
| 344 | 19923460 | In contrast, mumps virus was not inhibited by the expression of flavivirus NS5 protein or by YFV infection, and mumps infection did not alter CD4 mRNA or protein levels. |
| 345 | 19923460 | In summary, CD4 gene expression is decreased by all human flavivirus NS5 proteins studied. |
| 346 | 19557412 | Collectively, these studies demonstrate that MHC II uveal melanoma vaccines are potent activators of tumor-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and suggest that the non-conventional intracellular trafficking pattern of MHC II may contribute to their enhanced immunogenicity. |
| 347 | 19768458 | Therapeutic vaccination induced higher numbers of tumor's infiltrating lymphocytes (CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and NK cells), and the production of IFN-gamma and IL-4 by intratumoral CD4(+) T cells. |
| 348 | 19788384 | We further show that the inhibitory function is due to the induction of TGF-beta-producing CD4(+)CD25(-) islet-specific iTreg cells against the onset of T1D in NOD mice. |
| 349 | 20400507 | We describe here a new, family-specific approach to obtain the largest possible diversity of related VHH that compete with soluble CD4 for binding to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. |
| 350 | 20502628 | The 40K-OMP-specific CD4(+) T cells induced by oral 40K-OMP plus CpG ODN produced both Th1 (IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4) cytokines. |
| 351 | 20039320 | IL-21 is a member of the IL-2 cytokine family, produced by CD4+ T cells. |
| 352 | 20039320 | In conclusion, anti-CD4 mAb potentiated IL-21-based IT by removing Treg cells and/or their precursors and other potentially immune-suppressive CD4+ cell subsets, thus allowing the development of an IL-21-driven CD8+ T cell response, which mediates NB rejection. |
| 353 | 20193967 | FCM demonstrated antigen-specific responses for both IFN-gamma and IL-4 in the CD4 T cell population from vaccinated animals, while CD8 T cells and gammadelta T cells mainly responded with increased IFN-gamma. |
| 354 | 20224065 | CD4 T cells expressing IFN-gamma, IL-2, or both expressed a CD45RA(-)CCR7(-)CD27(+/-) effector memory phenotype. |
| 355 | 20348007 | Splenic dendritic cells pulsed with rEhPTP1 are able to induce E. cuniculi specific CD8(+) T cell response with no effect on the CD4(+) T cell subset. |
| 356 | 20463104 | Thirty-two of 38 (84%) vaccinees were reactive by the CD4(+) T-cell FASCIA-WB, and 7 of 38 (18%) also exhibited CD8(+) T-cell responses. |
| 357 | 20484570 | Preexisting immune responses to mycobacterial antigens were associated with higher CD4(+) CD25(hi) CD39(+) T-cell levels in the periphery and a reduced capacity to produce IL-17A following immunization. |
| 358 | 20525889 | These data illustrate complexities of SAP-dependent SLAM family receptor signaling, revealing a prominent role for SLAM receptor ligation in IL-4 production by GC CD4 T cells but not in T(FH) cell and GC T(FH) cell differentiation. |
| 359 | 20473949 | We now report that our NSCLC MHC II vaccines prepared from adeno, squamous or large cell carcinomas each activate CD4(+) T cells that cross-react with the other NSCLC subtypes and do not react with HLA-DR-matched normal lung fibroblasts or other HLA-DR-matched nonlung tumor cells. |
| 360 | 20554330 | Here, we analyzed the reactivity of peripheral naive and memory conventional CD4(+)CD127(high) T cells (Tconv) of MS patients and healthy controls (HC) towards myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and tetanus toxoid (TT). |
| 361 | 20607836 | The CD8+ T cells were activated even in the absence of endogenous CD4+ T cells; however, in the liver, these cells were high in the programmed death-1 protein and low in CD127. |
| 362 | 20660610 | Depletion of CD4(+) T cells, but not depletion of CD8(+) T cells, diminished vaccine-induced protection, with CD4-depleted mice shedding 2 log(10) to 4 log(10) more IFU than CD8-depleted or nondepleted mice. |
| 363 | 20667577 | Neonatal vaccination with chimeric LAMP/gag generated stronger Gag-specific immune responses, as measured by the breadth of the Gag peptide-specific IFN-gamma, proliferative responsiveness, cytokine production and antibody production, all of which revealed activation of CD4+ T cells as well as the generation of a more robust CTL response compared to gag vaccine alone. |
| 364 | 20815244 | In addition, the expression of IL-4, IFN-gamma in CD4+ T cells and IFN-gamma in CD8+ T cells was higher than control groups. |
| 365 | 20574442 | Dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with exogenous proteins primarily induce strong CD4-dependent immunity; induction of CD8 responses has proven to be difficult. |
| 366 | 18322683 | The vaccines activated CD4(+) T cells from all ten patients, despite the presence of CD33(+)CD11b(+) MDSC. |
| 367 | 18449216 | Depletion of CD8+ T cells from PBMCs enhanced the yield of maC46-transduced CD4+ T cells. |
| 368 | 18449216 | Phenotypic analysis showed that maC46-transduced and expanded cells were predominantly central memory CD4+ T cells that expressed low levels of CCR5 and slightly elevated levels of CD62L, beta7-integrin and CXCR4. |
| 369 | 18976455 | Efficacious immune-based therapy in treated chronic HIV-1 infection requires the induction of virus-specific CD4+ T cells and subsequent maturation and maintenance of specific memory CD8+ T cells. |
| 370 | 18976455 | We assessed HIV-1-specific proliferative CD4+ and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-producing CD8+ T-cell responses, quantified thymic output and proviral HIV-1 DNA at the following time points: baseline; after 12 weeks of rhGH therapy; at 24 weeks, after randomization into three groups [placebo weeks 12-24 (Group A), alternate-day dosing weeks 12-24 (Group B), and twice-per-week dosing weeks 12-24 (Group C)]; and at 48 weeks after all patients had received HAART alone for the final 24 weeks. |
| 371 | 19889049 | The capacity of the HBcAg-pulsed DC vaccine to stimulate CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells to produce IFN-gamma and IL-4 was estimated by intercellular cytokine staining, and the HBcAg-pulsed DCs derived from 10 humam leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2(+) CHB patients were tested for the induction of HBV-specific CTLs from autologous T cells by pentamer staining. |
| 372 | 19890041 | Requirements for effective treatment of tumors included irradiation of hosts, vaccination of donors with both tumor cells and CpG, transfer of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells along with progenitor cells, and ability of donor cells to produce IFN-gamma. |
| 373 | 19903780 | One hundred twenty-one eligible patients with resected stage IIB to IV melanoma were vaccinated with 12 MHC class I-restricted melanoma peptides to stimulate CD8+ T cells plus a HLA-DR-restricted tetanus helper peptide to stimulate CD4+ T cells, emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant, with or without 110 microg GM-CSF. |
| 374 | 19864932 | We sought to determine the immunophenotype and proliferative capacity of Ad5-specific T cells in the peripheral blood of adult donors to determine whether stimulation with replication defective Ad5 vectors could result in the significant expansion of a CD4 CCR5 T-cell subset. |
| 375 | 19864932 | Ad5-specific CD4 T cells within healthy adult donors exhibit a unique minimally differentiated memory phenotype with coexpression of CD45RA, CD45RO and CCR7. |
| 376 | 20427628 | The IL-12-induced increase in IFN-gamma was mainly mediated by CD4+ T cells that did not produce IL-2 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). |
| 377 | 20556579 | This study examined whether 1-methyl-tryptophan [1-MT, an indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor] could reduce CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) proliferation and improve the anti-tumor efficacy of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with tumor cell lysate in the mice bearing pancreatic adenocarcinoma. |
| 378 | 20509931 | The repeat BCG stimulation of PBMC obtained from BCG vaccinated individuals shows enhanced immune activation with respect to increased anti-BCG titre, IFN-gamma and ADA activity without concomitant increase in CD4 and CD8 cells. |
| 379 | 20578831 | Tumor growth curve was plotted, cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity assay and natural killer (NK) cell activity assay were performed, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocyte were quantitated using flow cytometry, and the expression of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-12, and interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) in serum was detected by ELISA. |
| 380 | 20640189 | Transfection studies revealed that expression of TREM2 correlated negatively with motility, but correlated positively with the ability of microglia to stimulate CD4(+) T-cell proliferation, TNF (tumour necrosis factor) and CCL2 (chemokine ligand 2) production, but not IFNgamma (interferon gamma) production. |
| 381 | 20733200 | This well-defined system allowed detailed mechanistic analysis, which revealed that 1) the Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2 played key roles in CTL priming, namely by upregulating on naive CD8(+) T cells the chemokine receptor CCR5; 2) the inflammatory chemokines CCL4 (MIP-1beta) and CCL3 (MIP-1alpha) chemoattracted primed CD4(+) T cells to mature DCs and activated, naive CD8(+) T cells to DC-CD4 conjugates, respectively; and 3) blockade of these chemokines or their common receptor CCR5 ablated priming of CD8(+) T cells and upregulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1. |
| 382 | 20719708 | Recent data also suggest that IL-15 acts, not only on CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, but also on effector memory CD4+ T cells. |
| 383 | 20739220 | Activated CD4(+) T helper (Th) cells exert immediate effector functions by producing cytokines and chemokines, providing help for the induction of CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and memory, and providing help for immunoglobulin class switching, affinity maturation of antibody and B cell memory. |
| 384 | 20631381 | Thus, IL-15 generates a dramatic expansion of short-lived memory CD8 T cells and NK cells in immunocompetent macaques and has long-term effects on the balance of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 385 | 21050309 | Results from our group show that: (a) CIITA-modified tumor cells can be rejected in vivo by syngeneic immunocompetent mice; (b) this rejection is mediated primarily by CD4 + TH lymphocytes that activate cytolytic CD8 + T cell effectors ; (c) tumor-rejecting mice are resistant to challenge with parental unmodified tumor cells and display long term immune memory; (d) anti-tumor vaccination can be reproduced by using inactivated, nonreplicating CIITA-transfected tumor cells; (e) immune effectors and particularly primed CD4 + TH cells can be used successfully in approaches of immunotherapy of established tumors. |
| 386 | 20725863 | HIV utilizes the P38 and ERK pathways to produce new virions and to deplete CD4+ T cells from the host's immune system. |
| 387 | 20980630 | We characterized CD4(+)CD45RO(+) T cells based on expression of two of these receptors, CCR5 and CCR2, the principal subsets being CCR5(-)CCR2(-) (?70%), CCR5(+)CCR2(-) (?25%), and CCR5(+)CCR2(+) (?5%). |
| 388 | 21085470 | Increases in IgM, IgG2a, IgG1 and IgG2b antibodies, CD4+ T cell proportions, IFN-? secretion, ratios of IFN-?/IL-10 producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and percents of antibody binding inhibition by synthetic predicted epitopes were detected in F3 vaccinated mice. |
| 389 | 21085635 | Immunization with Tat was safe, induced durable immune responses, and modified the pattern of CD4(+) and CD8(+) cellular activation (CD38 and HLA-DR) together with reduction of biochemical activation markers and persistent increases of regulatory T cells. |
| 390 | 19627400 | We demonstrate that EXO(HSP) are able to stimulate type 1 CD4(+) helper T (Th1) cell responses, and more efficient P1A-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and antitumour immunity than EXO(HS) . |
| 391 | 20651297 | In CHE-sensitized mice, the percentage of splenic CD4+CD25+ cells expressing Foxp3 amongst total lymphocytes was not elevated significantly, but these cells limited nonspecific proliferation of CD4+CD25? effector cells upon coculture and promoted higher expression levels of CD103 and Foxp3 in response to BCG antigen stimulation than CD4+CD25+ cells from nonsensitized mice. |
| 392 | 18292535 | CD4+ T cells enhance tumor destruction by CD8+ T cells. |
| 393 | 18292535 | In addition, tumor-specific CD4+ help is also associated with the accumulation of greater numbers of CD8+ T cells within the tumor. |
| 394 | 18292535 | These experiments highlight the ability of tumor-specific CD4+ T cells to render the tumor microenvironment receptive for CD8+ T cell immunotherapy, by facilitating the accumulation of all activated CD8+ T cells, including low-avidity tumor-specific and noncognate cells. |
| 395 | 20822346 | The CD4 binding site expressed by the HIV envelope protein of glycoprotein 120 is essential for viral entry into host cells. |
| 396 | 17441676 | Analysis of peptides recognized by CD4 and CD8 T cells revealed two dominant NY-ESO-1 regions, 73-114 and 121-144. |
| 397 | 18507432 | Class II MHC proteins bind peptides and present them to CD4 (+) T cells as part of the immune system's surveillance of bodily tissues for foreign and pathogenic material. |
| 398 | 21145762 | Help from Treg cells was dependent on CD40L, and (unlike help from conventional non-Treg CD4(+) cells) did not require preactivation or prior exposure to antigen. |
| 399 | 21152101 | Many studies have shown that vaccines inducing CD8+ T cell responses can reduce viral loads and preserve CD4+ T cell numbers in monkey models of HIV infection. |
| 400 | 21131422 | Strikingly, although the three LAGE-1-derived epitopes are highly homologous to NY-ESO-1-derived epitopes, LAGE-1-specific CD4(+) T cells did not cross-react with NY-ESO-1. |
| 401 | 21131422 | We observed that most patients with spontaneous NY-ESO-1-specific responses exhibited spontaneous CD4(+) T cell responses to at least one of the three immunodominant LAGE-1 epitopes. |
| 402 | 21047981 | CD4(+) T cells obtained 3 weeks after infection conferred protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge and produced IFN-? and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? upon antigen stimulation. |
| 403 | 17661686 | By virtue of its strong capacity to induce CD4(+)-mediated Th1 and CD8(+)-mediated cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses, this vaccine approach is particularly attractive for the prophylaxis of intracellular pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) and other pathogenic mycobacteria. |
| 404 | 20686045 | The role of epitope-specific regulatory CD4 T cells in modulating CD8 T-cell-mediated immunopathology during acute viral infection has not been well defined. |
| 405 | 20686045 | We show here that the IA(b)M(209)-specific CD4 T-cell response regulates CD8 T-cell function in vivo and is associated with diminished RSV-induced illness without affecting viral clearance at the site of infection. |
| 406 | 21183789 | With strongly replicating (i.e., virulent) VACV, the TNFR family costimulatory receptors OX40 (also known as CD134) and CD27 were engaged and promoted the generation of high numbers of memory CD8+ T cells, which protected against a lethal virus challenge in the absence of other mechanisms, including antibody and help from CD4+ T cells. |
| 407 | 21095257 | In contrast, CD8+ T cells produced relatively little IFN-? but more IL-17 than the CD4 compartment. |
| 408 | 21149605 | Whereas nontargeted and Ab-targeted NY-ESO-1 proteins similarly activated CD4(+) T cells, cross-presentation to CD8(+) T cells was only efficiently induced by targeted NY-ESO-1. |
| 409 | 21149605 | In addition, both mannose receptor and DEC-205 targeting elicited specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from PBLs of cancer patients. |
| 410 | 21186260 | Interestingly, CD154 up-regulation accounted for ?80% of activated CD4 T cells in the active TB group but just 40% in the controls, whereas IFN-? accounted for only ?50% of activated cells in each group. |
| 411 | 21209773 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with an effector memory phenotype infiltrate human tumor microenvironments, but most are hyporesponsive to stimulation via the T cell receptor (TCR) and CD28 under conditions that activate memory T cells derived from the peripheral blood of the cancer patients or normal donors. |
| 412 | 21039466 | Both immature and mature MoLCs secreted higher quantities of IL-23 compared with MoDCs and this finding correlated with a higher secretion of IL-17 in co-culture of MoLCs with allogeneic CD4(+) T cells. |
| 413 | 21039472 | Similar to antigen-specific T cells, both CD8 and CD4 T cells showed dynamic expression of the surface proteins interleukin (IL)-7R and programmed death-1 (PD-1). |
| 414 | 21039472 | Additionally, activated CD8 T cells showed differences in the expression of Killer cell lectin-like receptor G1, L-selectin and B cell lymphoma-2 and produced granzyme B, indicating cytotoxic activity, and the initially high expression of T-box transcription factor TBX21 in malaria-activated CD4 T cells indicated an early T helper type 1 (Th1)-skewed immune response. |
| 415 | 21059286 | Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of Foxp3 mRNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells; The surface markers CD4 and CD25 in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells were determined by flow cytometry; ELISA tests were used to detect the production level of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, IL -4, IL-12, IL-18 stimulated by HBsAg and (IFN) gamma. (1) Foxp3 expressions in response group and non-response group were higher before or after PHA and HBsAg were stimulated. |
| 416 | 21059286 | Immune non-response to HBV vaccination may be connected to insufficient secretion of IFNgamma; There was no correlation between the titer of anti-HBs and the expressions of IFNgamma and CD4+CD25+ Foxp3. |
| 417 | 21209285 | Depletion of alloreactive CD4(+) T cells reduced alloreactivity but not vaccine-induced CD8(+) T cell priming, suggesting that alloresponses do not provide helper functions in peripheral lymphoid tissues. |
| 418 | 20695769 | Rheumatoid arthritis is a proinflammatory autoimmune disease attributed to failure of both CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Tr) and CD8(+)CD28(-) suppressor T (Ts) cells to control autoreactive CD4(+)CD28(+) Th1 (Th1) and autoantibody-producing B cells. |
| 419 | 21159924 | Memory-type CD4(+) T cells obtained from BCG-vaccinated healthy individuals seem to be primed with MMP-MTB by the vaccination, and both M. tuberculosis-derived recombinant proteins produced perforin-producing CD8(+) T cells from memory-type CD8(+) T cells. |
| 420 | 21264321 | The results were further confirmed in CD4(+) T cell-eliminated mice, suggesting that CD4(+) T cells were not required for the generation of memory CD8(+) T cells in the case of immunization with liposome-coupled peptides. |
| 421 | 19918975 | This mutation resulted in diminished activation, cytokine production (interferon-gamma and interleukin-2), and proliferation by an epitope-specific CD4 T cell line. |
| 422 | 20086176 | Coexpression of IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in an anticancer vaccine enhanced immune responses against the NEU antigen and may overcome impaired CD4(+) T-helper function. |
| 423 | 20362206 | The preS2 epitope favored a well-balanced response with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells producing IFN-gamma, IL-2 and TNF-alpha. |
| 424 | 20861328 | The Mtb72F-specific CD4(+) T cells predominantly expressed CD40L; CD40L and interleukin-2 (IL-2); CD40L and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?); CD40L, IL-2, and TNF-?; and CD40L, IL-2, TNF-?, and gamma interferon (IFN-?). |
| 425 | 21284899 | The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) external envelope glycoprotein gp120 presents conserved binding sites for binding to the primary virus receptor CD4 as well as the major HIV chemokine coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4. |
| 426 | 21284901 | It is well established that HIV-1 infection typically involves an interaction between the viral envelope protein gp120/41 and the CD4 molecule followed by a second interaction with a chemokine receptor, usually CCR5 or CXCR4. |
| 427 | 21284901 | In this context we have demonstrated that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 binds to ???? on CD4(+) T cells. |
| 428 | 21284901 | Furthermore, ???? is ~3 times the size of CD4 on the cell surface, that makes it a prominent receptor for an efficient virus capture. gp120-???? interactions mediate the activation of the adhesion-associated integrin LFA-1. |
| 429 | 21305005 | To address these hypotheses, we measured frequencies of activated (CD38+ HLA-DR+), regulatory (CD4+CD25+CD127(dim)), HIV-specific, and CMV-specific T cells among HIV controllers and 3 control populations: HIV-infected individuals with treatment-mediated viral suppression (ART-suppressed), untreated HIV-infected "non-controllers" with high levels of viremia, and HIV-uninfected individuals. |
| 430 | 20963411 | An increase in PADRE-specific CD4+ T helper cells was observed after vaccination but these appeared unable to produce IL2, and CD4+ T cells with a regulatory phenotype increased. |
| 431 | 21208909 | Antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells exhibited a polyfunctional phenotype, expressing at least CD40 ligand and interleukin 2, often in combination with tumor necrosis factor ? and/or interferon ?. |
| 432 | 21079516 | We examined HIV-1-specific CD8 T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) using known HIV-1 cytotoxic T-cell epitopes to exclude CD4 bystander effect. |
| 433 | 21073899 | Although immunization with plasmid for the CEA(625-667) peptide(s) did not alter the frequency of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in mice, vaccination with plasmid for CEA peptide induced strong antigen-specific T cell proliferation, particularly for the plasmid encoding the triple-repeated CEA peptides, accompanied by significantly elevated levels of IFN-? secreted by T cells from the mice immunized with triple-repeated peptides. |
| 434 | 21080167 | Finally, we showed that the long peptide MELOE-1(22-46), containing the two optimal class II epitopes and the HLA-A*0201 epitope, was efficiently processed by DC to stimulate CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses in vitro, making it a potential candidate for melanoma vaccination. |
| 435 | 21236236 | Also, CD4(+) cells at the dLN from the mice expressed prominent interferon-?, but not IL-4 or IL-17, mRNA at a maximum level at day 5 following vaccination. |
| 436 | 20188246 | In this study, we tested the efficacy of progressive generations of SCT DNA vaccines engineered to (1) enhance peptide binding, (2) enhance interaction with the CD8 coreceptor, and/or (3) activate CD4(+) helper T cells. |
| 437 | 20188249 | Ad5-specific CD4(+) T cells were primarily monofunctional CD4(+) T cells that produced IL-2, IFN-gamma or TNFalpha and expressed the memory markers CD27 and CD45RO. |
| 438 | 20208003 | By using anti-IFN-gamma Ab depletions and IFN-gamma-deficient mice, we show that CD4 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo is not dependent on IFN-gamma activity. |
| 439 | 20208003 | Our results support the concept that CD4 T cells are critical effectors for the control of gamma-herpesvirus latent infection, and they mediate this effect by two independent mechanisms: IFN-gamma production and cytotoxicity. |
| 440 | 20017188 | Multiple CD4+ T-cell subsets, based on expression of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IL-17 and GM-CSF, were induced. |
| 441 | 18097036 | Week 30 LN from IL-15-treated animals had significantly increased Gag-specific CD8+ T cell numbers, whereas total cell, lymphocyte, and CD4+ T cell numbers were reduced. |
| 442 | 18446217 | Memory T cells reactive against thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) and circumsporozoite (CS) protein, major vaccine candidate antigens, were measured, as were frequencies of CD4(+) CD25(high) T cells, which may suppress immunity, and CD56(+) NK cells and gammadelta T cells, which may be effectors or may modulate immunity. 112 healthy volunteers living in rural Kenya were entered in the study. |
| 443 | 20457264 | Polychromatic flow cytometry was used to examine CD4(+) T cells for levels of interferon (IFN)-?, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?, and CD154 (CD40 ligand) expression after stimulation with inactivated flu virus. |
| 444 | 20457264 | A lack of B cell reconstitution and dysfunctional CD4 T cell costimulation (as marked by low CD154 expression) is associated with low NAb levels postvaccination in HCT patients. |
| 445 | 21204994 | The fusion DNA vaccine that encoded the C-terminal domain of HSP70 and MPT51 induced a higher MPT51-specific IFN-? production by CD4+ T cells than the vaccine that encoded MPT51 alone, whereas that with the N-terminal domain did not. |
| 446 | 21257966 | CD4 T cell help plays an important role in promoting CD8 T cell immunity to pathogens. |
| 447 | 18562053 | In addition, CD40L expressed from canarypox virus could significantly augment CD4+ T cell responses against HIV-1 in mice. |
| 448 | 18273057 | Thus, our data suggest that activated PADRE-specific CD4(+) T helper cells may be required at the vicinity of E7-specific CD8(+) T cells where they secrete IL-2, which enhances the E7-specific CD8(+) T-cell immune responses generated by DNA vaccination. |
| 449 | 19903103 | We describe an extensive effort to optimize and validate quantitatively an in vitro T-cell culture method by determining the phenotype and function of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, including measurement of the phenotype markers CCR7, CD45RA, CD28 and CD27 and the functional markers interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and CD107a. |
| 450 | 21159862 | Here we analyzed the ability of CD4 and CD8 T cells to produce several cytokines in addition to IL-21 ex vivo following stimulation with overlapping HIV-1 peptides. |
| 451 | 21159862 | Both CD4 and CD8 T cells were able to produce IL-21 in response to HIV-1 infection, with the latter cell type more closely associated with viral control. |
| 452 | 21397388 | The in vitro stimulation of PBMCs with DCs transduced with the full-length MSLN gene elicited a potent MSLN-specific cytotoxic activity against pancreatic cancer cell lines endogenously expressing MSLN by recognizing multiple MSLN epitopes and activating both CD8(+) T cells and CD4(+) helper T cells. |
| 453 | 20855629 | These findings led us to question whether adoptive transfer of antigen-specific CD8 T cells alters the characteristic CD4 Th2 response to alum proteins and the switching pattern in responding B cells. |
| 454 | 21383976 | Here, measurements of granzyme B target cell activity and HIV-1-infected CD4+ T-cell elimination were applied for the first time to identify antiviral activities in recipients of a replication incompetent adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) HIV-1 recombinant vaccine and were compared with HIV-negative individuals and chronically infected patients, including a group of LTNP. |
| 455 | 21376795 | These results suggest that PD-1 signaling may be involved in impairing CD4(+) T cell responses to HBV vaccination in subjects with HCV infection, and raise the possibility that blocking this negative signaling pathway might improve success rates of immunization in the setting of chronic viral infection. |
| 456 | 19219024 | RhCMV vectors expressing SIV Gag, Rev-Tat-Nef and Env persistently infected rhesus macaques, regardless of preexisting RhCMV immunity, and primed and maintained robust, SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ TEM cell responses (characterized by coordinate tumor necrosis factor, interferon-gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta expression, cytotoxic degranulation and accumulation at extralymphoid sites) in the absence of neutralizing antibodies. |
| 457 | 21444793 | Our results indicate an unexpected effect of IL-15 on human T cells in vivo, in particular on CD4(+) T cells. |
| 458 | 21236461 | As described below, CD4+ T cells influence effector and memory CD8+ T cell responses, humoral immunity, and the antimicrobial activity of macrophages and are involved in recruiting cells to sites of infection. |
| 459 | 20032499 | WAS(-/-) CD4(+) T cells up-regulated IL-4 and GATA3 mRNA and secreted IL-4 protein during Th2 differentiation. |
| 460 | 20167197 | We investigated the use of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) as a molecular chaperone to target viral antigen to the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II pathway of antigen presenting cells and generate enhanced MHC II-restricted CD4+ T cell responses in cattle. |
| 461 | 20167197 | This study provides further evidence that Hsp70:peptide complexes can enhance antigen-specific CD4+ T cell responses in vitro for an important pathogen of livestock. |
| 462 | 21460206 | In this interaction, CD4(+) T(EM) cells express CD40L, which matures the endogenous DCs, and produce cytokines, such as IL-2, which activates NK cells. |
| 463 | 21502499 | Our findings provide insights into the basic biology of adenoviruses and indicate that CD46 binding may have an impact on the generation of primary CD4(+) T-cell responses by Ad35. |
| 464 | 15041159 | Here we provide lymphocyte proliferation data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 131 HLA-DRB1*0301-positive and HLA-DRB1*0301-negative (HLA discordant) individuals previously immunized against measles and report that a single amino acid substitution in the MV-P1 T cell epitope can reduce T cell proliferation and CD4+ T-cell recognition. |
| 465 | 21533081 | The Pam2 lipopeptides increased the frequencies of Foxp3(+)CD4(+) regulatory T (T reg) cells in a TLR2- and IL-10- dependent manner. |
| 466 | 21533158 | Further, characterization of T cell responses in mice demonstrates that protection against TB is predictable by the frequency of CD4 T cells simultaneously producing interferon (IFN)?, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? and IL2. |
| 467 | 21556142 | Whole blood antigen stimulation followed by intra-cellular cytokine staining showed RTS,S/AS01(E) induced CSP specific CD4 T cells producing IL-2, TNF-?, and IFN-?. |
| 468 | 21559358 | The addition of CTLA-4 blockade further increased IFN-? production from CD4+ effector T-cells in the vaccine draining node and the tumor. |
| 469 | 21559358 | Anti 4-1BB treatment, with or without CTLA-4 blockade, induced approximately 75% of CD8+ and 45% of CD4+ effector T-cells in the tumor to express the killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1). |
| 470 | 19462377 | We demonstrate that Treg expression of CTLA-4 is essential for Treg control of lymphopenia-induced CD4 T-cell expansion. |
| 471 | 19462377 | Despite IL-10 expression, CTLA-4-deficient Treg were unable to control the expansion of CD4(+) target cells in a lymphopenic environment. |
| 472 | 21562493 | Remarkably, long-term RhCMV vector-associated SIV control was insensitive to either CD8(+) or CD4(+) lymphocyte depletion and, at necropsy, cell-associated SIV was only occasionally measurable at the limit of detection with ultrasensitive assays, observations that indicate the possibility of eventual viral clearance. |
| 473 | 15897588 | These dendritic cells were used to stimulate CD4(+) T cells in vitro to trigger HTL responses against TARP. |
| 474 | 21490090 | Celecoxib further reduced the inhibitory surface receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1) on CD8(+) T cells (P = 0.01), including PD-1 on the HIV Gag-specific subset (P = 0.02), enhanced the number of CD3(+) CD4(+) CD25(+) CD127(lo/-) Treg or activated cells (P = 0.02), and improved humoral memory recall responses to a T cell-dependent vaccine (P = 0.04). |
| 475 | 21571303 | In the 20 ?g 4-1BB ligation group, significant induction of CD3(+)CD8(+) T cells was observed without toxicity to CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells. |
| 476 | 21527558 | In vaccinated mice, silencing STAT3 increased the proliferation and granzyme B levels of intratumoral CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 477 | 21677778 | Although in vitro IL-4 directs CD4 T cells to produce T helper 2 (Th2)-cytokines, these cytokines can be induced in vivo in the absence of IL-4-signalling. |
| 478 | 21677778 | Here, we show that mouse ovalbumin-specific CD4 (OTII) cells responding to alum-precipitated ovalbumin (alumOVA) upregulate Th2 features - GATA-3 and IL-4 - as well as Helios mRNA and protein. |
| 479 | 21677778 | In addition, CD4 T cells induced to produce Th2 cytokines in vitro do not express Helios. |
| 480 | 21677778 | Helios is selectively upregulated in CD4 T cells during Th2 and TFh responses to alum-protein vaccines in vivo, but the functional significance of this upregulation remains uncertain. |
| 481 | 18209095 | Remarkably, >20% of specific cytokine-producing CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood of healthy, mycobacteria-exposed adults expressed IL-17 or IL-22. |
| 482 | 21220773 | However, after direct TCR stimulation, naive CD4 T cells from HCV-infected patients had altered up-regulation of KI67 and CD25 and less CD27 expression. |
| 483 | 21640133 | The influence of APS on the number of CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells, CD3(+)CD4(+)CD8(+) T helper memory cells, and CD3(-)CD4(-)CD8(+) natural killer cells among peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in the three APS groups were significant compared to the vaccine group. |
| 484 | 21389873 | Immunization with mTrop2 VLPs led to a significant reduction in tumor growth accompanied by a broad activation and tumor infiltration of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells as well as natural killer and natural killer T cells. |
| 485 | 21636296 | Strikingly, a bifurcation between Tfh and effector Th cells was measurable by the second cell division of CD4(+) T cells, at day 2 after an acute viral infection: IL2R?(int) cells expressed Bcl6 and CXCR5 (Tfh cell program), whereas IL2R?(hi) cells exhibited strong Blimp1 expression that repressed Bcl6 (effector Th cell program). |
| 486 | 21474552 | CD4(+) Th cells are important for the induction and maintenance of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell function, so their loss or dysfunction in HIV-infected or cancer patients could reduce the patients' ability to control viral infection. |
| 487 | 21474552 | Previous work in murine systems indicated that IL-15 codelivered with vaccines could overcome CD4(+) Th cell deficiency for induction of functionally efficient CD8(+) T cells and maintenance of viral-specific CTLs, but its efficacy in helping primary human CD8(+) T cell responses is unknown. |
| 488 | 21474552 | We found that IL-15 could overcome CD4(+) Th deficiency to induce primary and recall memory CD8(+) T cell responses in healthy individuals. |
| 489 | 21474552 | Moreover, in CD4-deficient, HIV-1-infected patients with diminished CD8(+) T cell responses, IL-15 greatly enhanced CD8(+) T cell responses to alloantigen. |
| 490 | 21569810 | We compared the effects of yeast-treated human dendritic cells (DCs) with CD40L-matured human DCs for the induction of effector cells and the number and functionality of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(-)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). |
| 491 | 21569810 | In addition, yeast-treated DCs used as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) incubated with the tumor antigen CEA enhanced the proliferation of CEA-specific CD4(+) T cells compared to the use of CD40L-matured DCs used as APCs. |
| 492 | 20471443 | Furthermore, multifunctional CD4(+) Th1 cells, which simultaneously produce IFN-gamma, IL-2 and TNF-alpha triple cytokines, and CD8(+) T-cells, which produce IFN-gamma were elevated in the mCD40L/SHIV-VLP immunized group. |
| 493 | 11043379 | The onset of a successful immune response lies within the control of the CD4+ T helper cells which, after specific antigen recognition, can up-regulate CD40L and subsequently activate APC through CD40 signaling. |
| 494 | 21642544 | In naive CD4 T cells, IFN-? production only occurred after sustained Ag activation and was associated with high expression of the T-bet transcription factor required for Th1 differentiation and with T-bet binding to the IFN-? promoter as assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. |
| 495 | 21642544 | By contrast, immediate IFN-? production by Ag-stimulated memory CD4 T cells occurred in the absence of significant nuclear T-bet expression or T-bet engagement on the IFN-? promoter. |
| 496 | 21505013 | Patients with active SLE had a diminished CD28 expression on both CD4+ T and on CD8+ T cells and a higher CD86 expression on B cells than the control group. |
| 497 | 19003246 | Human and murine model systems demonstrate that CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) and CD4(+) helper T-lymphocytes can recognize dominant epitopes derived from TERT. |
| 498 | 20016802 | In this review, we discuss potential melanoma antigens (Ags) and their role in utilizing the HLA class II pathway to elicit tumor Ag-specific CD4+ T cell responses in order to effectively induce long-lasting CD8+ antitumor memory. |
| 499 | 20016802 | We also discuss the role of endolysosomal cathepsins and Gamma-Interferon-inducible Lysosomal Thiol reductase (GILT) in Ag processing and presentation, and at enhancing CD4+ T cell recognition of melanoma cells. |
| 500 | 19264552 | On day 40 after infection the fusion protein F36 and a pool of Ag85A and ESAT6 vaccines had significant effects on the bacterial load, showed increased expression of the activation marker CD45+ on CD4+ T cells, and reduced numbers of heterophils. |
| 501 | 18684965 | These data show that Salmonella-CFA/I vaccination of DBA/1 mice protects against collagen-induced arthritis by stimulating TGF-beta- and IL-4-producing regulatory CD4(+) T cells. |
| 502 | 21637760 | Fourth, the SPIO DCs induced the proliferation of adoptively transferred CD4(+) T cells but, most importantly, they primed cytotoxic CD8(+) T cell responses to protect against a B16-Ova tumour challenge. |
| 503 | 21779319 | We also demonstrated for the first time that there is a strong association between the frequency of CSP peptide-reactive CD4(+) T cells producing IL-2 and the titers of CSP-specific antibodies in the same individual, suggesting that IL-2 may be acting as a growth factor for follicular Th cells and/or B cells. |
| 504 | 21682329 | WT1 peptide 427 induces human CD4 T cell responses in the context of multiple human HLA-DR.B1 molecules, but the peptide has a poor binding affinity to BALB/c mouse MHC class II molecules. |
| 505 | 21715555 | In humans, the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell compartment contains both effector and regulatory T cells, and it is not known how their relative proportions vary in disease states. |
| 506 | 21715555 | Elevated type 1 diabetes CD4+CD25+ cell proliferation correlated with increased inflammatory cytokines interleukin 17 and tumor necrosis factor-? but not ?-interferon. |
| 507 | 20200271 | These data suggest VLA-1 expression defines a population of tissue memory CD4(+) T cells that act as rapid effectors upon reinfection, and VLA-1 expression is integral to their accumulation in the airways. |
| 508 | 20739505 | Concerning the characterization of the immune responses elicited in mice vaccinated with pgD-E7E6E5, we determined the effect of the CD4(+) T-cell requirement, longevity, and dose-dependent activation on the E7-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses. |
| 509 | 21423809 | Studying CD4 T cells in vitro, we found that high IL-21 production was not associated with high Bcl6 or CXCR5 expression. |
| 510 | 21689404 | The Env component of the SOSIP.R6-IZ-CD40L fusion construct bound to CD4 and neutralizing antibodies, while the CD40L moiety interacted with CD40. |
| 511 | 18582195 | BCG-specific CD4+ T cells boosted by MVA85A were comprised of multiple populations expressing combinations of IFN-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-2, and IL-17, as measured by polychromatic flow cytometry. |
| 512 | 21570434 | CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations exhibited CD45RO memory markers and secreted IFN-gamma and IL-2 following stimulation with MUC1-SP-L. |
| 513 | 21791667 | Significantly reduced percentages of functional CD45RA(Low) memory CD4(+) T cells producing specific cytokines (interferon ?, interleukin [IL]-2, IL-4 and IL-17a) were observed in otitis-prone children following AOM and NP colonization with either S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae. |
| 514 | 20616231 | During HIV-1 infection, antibodies are generated against the region of the viral gp120 envelope glycoprotein that binds CD4, the primary receptor for HIV-1. |
| 515 | 21812717 | The CD4 expression, in contrast to that seen for CD8, decreased in thymocytes from the CIAV-vaccinated group. |
| 516 | 21321245 | Depletion of lymphocyte subset in vivo suggested that the antitumor effects could be dominantly executed by CD8+ T cells and followed by NK cells, and both of these reactions were induced by the generation of robust E7-specific CD4(+) T helper cell response. |
| 517 | 21715490 | In contrast to the interaction of CD4 or the CD4bs monoclonal antibody (MAb) b12 with the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env), occlusion of the VRC01 epitope by quaternary constraints was not a major factor limiting neutralization. |
| 518 | 21746967 | CD4 depletion prior to lv prime or prior to vv boost substantially reduced the magnitude of secondary CD8 effector and memory responses, and severely compromised the effect of cancer immune prevention. |
| 519 | 21705450 | The development of strategies to concurrently induce both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses against survivin is warranted for optimal anti-survivin cancer immunotherapy. |
| 520 | 21746859 | CD40 ligand (CD40L) transduction of antigen-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) can result in antigen-specific humoral immune responses even in CD4(+) T-cell-depleted settings. |
| 521 | 21746859 | Antigen-specific recall responses in CD4-deficient mice were critically dependent on IL-12p40 and IL-23p19 expression in DCs and were not affected by the lack of IL-12p35. |
| 522 | 21810614 | The immunodominant e6-specific (but not the e3- and e8-specific) CD8 T cell response critically depends on CD4 T cell help. |
| 523 | 21810614 | Similarly, homologous CD4 T cell help, located within an overlapping (nested) pp65(487-503) domain, facilitated induction of e6-specific CD8 T cell responses by peptide-based vaccination. |
| 524 | 21858087 | Further, we show that B/D immunization in mice results in a heightened frequency of PPD and antigen specific multi-functional CD4 T cells (3(+)) simultaneously producing interferon (IFN)?, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)? and interleukin (IL)2. |
| 525 | 21858228 | In conclusion, immunization of BALB/c mice with PSA-MPyVLPs, loaded onto DCs and co-injected with CpG, induces an efficient PSA-specific tumor protective immune response, including both CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells with a low induction of anti-VLP antibodies. |
| 526 | 21757617 | Here we examined IL-15 treatment in combination with highly active ART in chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques and found that IL-15 delayed viral suppression and failed to enhance ART-induced total and antigen-specific CD4(+) T-cell reconstitution at mucosal and lymphoid sites. |
| 527 | 21757617 | IL-15 was able to induce the transient proliferation of SIV-specific, CMV-specific, and total memory CD8(+) T cells, but not of SIV-specific or total CD4(+) T cells. |
| 528 | 21843950 | IL-1 enhances the proportion of responding CD4 T cells that differentiate into Th17 cells and increases the proportion of responding CD8 cells that express granzyme B. |
| 529 | 21637109 | Cell lines were tested for their ability to produce effector molecules (CD107a, IL-2, IFN-?, TNF-?, perforin) and suppress virus replication in autologous CD4 T cells. |
| 530 | 10725708 | CD4+ T cells play a central role in the induction and persistence of CD8+ T cells in several models of autoimmune and infectious disease. |
| 531 | 10878395 | These CD4+ T cells recognized NY-ESO-1 peptides or protein pulsed on HLA-DR4+ EBV B cells, and also recognized tumor cells expressing HLA-DR4 and NY-ESO-1. |
| 532 | 10878395 | This approach may be applicable to the identification of CD4+ T cell epitopes from many known tumor Ags recognized by CD8+ T cells. |
| 533 | 16651447 | Finally, this effect on vaccine-induced CD8(+) T-cell responses was partially independent of CD4(+) T cells (both helper and regulatory), consistent with a direct costimulatory effect on the effector CD8(+) cells themselves. |
| 534 | 16824130 | The generation and persistence of productive CD8+ T-cell memory subsets is determined, in part, by antigen clearance, costimulation, responsiveness to homeostatic cytokines, and CD4+ T-helper cells. |
| 535 | 21890164 | The presence of SIV gp160 as the only envelope protein on chimeric particles surface altered the cell tropism of the new virus from CD46+ to CD4+ cells. |
| 536 | 21683076 | Although transfer of CD4(+)CD45RB(high)Foxp3(-) cells induced colitis in RAG2(-/-) mice, administration of EFD BCG at the time of the transfer converted Foxp3(-) T cells to Foxp3(+) T cells and the mice did not develop colitis. |
| 537 | 21935390 | Interestingly, although CTLA-4 blockade alone did not enhance IFN-? responses it did increase the proliferative capacity of the CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. |
| 538 | 21835785 | The great majority of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains enter CD4+ target cells by interacting with one of two coreceptors, CCR5 or CXCR4. |
| 539 | 8618848 | In 5 HIV subjects with abnormally low CD4+ cell counts ( < 400 cells per microliters), the number of days since seroconversion correlated significantly with low correlation between TNF-alpha and delta amplitude. |
| 540 | 20812236 | The DEC-targeted LcrV induced polarized Th1 immunity, whereas DCIR2-targeted LcrV induced fewer CD4(+) T cells secreting IFN-?, but higher IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 production. |
| 541 | 15609235 | We studied the expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) and E-selectin ligand (ESL) by HSV-2-specific CD4(+) T lymphocytes. |
| 542 | 15609235 | Short-term HSV-2-reactive CD4(+) lines generated from peripheral-blood mononuclear cells preferentially express CLA, compared with cytomegalovirus- or influenza-specific cells. |
| 543 | 17339467 | Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) targets the cytoplasm of APC and is a strong CD8 and CD4 Th1-promoting vaccine vehicle in adult mice. |
| 544 | 17346430 | The question of whether T cell responses to SEREX-defined tumor antigens are under regulation of naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (nTreg cells) has not been answered. |
| 545 | 18480455 | CD4 T cells are required for the maintenance and recall of antiviral CD8 T cells and for antibody responses. |
| 546 | 19592276 | CD4(+) T cells primed with IL-12 induced B cells to produce immunoglobulins in a fashion dependent on IL-21 and inducible costimulator (ICOS), thus sharing fundamental characteristics with Tfh cells. |
| 547 | 19592276 | IL-12 also regulated IL-21 secretion by memory CD4(+) T cells. |
| 548 | 19592276 | Thus, IL-12 produced by activated DCs regulates antibody responses via developing IL-21-producing Tfh-like cells and inducing IL-21 secretion from memory CD4(+) T cells. |
| 549 | 11396680 | We propose that intersection of protein transport to melanosomes and endosomes allows for the loading of MDA-derived peptides on MHC class II molecules, resulting in the activation of MDA-specific CD4+ "helper" T cells that aid the induction of melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells. |
| 550 | 16621183 | This was associated with an increased level of CEA-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses, induction of antigen spreading to p53 and gp70, increased accumulation of CEA-specific T cells in the tumor microenvironment, and increased expression of bcl-X(L) and bcl-2 in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in vaccinated mice. 4-1BBL cooperates with B7 in enhancing anti-tumor and immunologic responses in a recombinant poxvirus vaccine model. |
| 551 | 17942939 | In addition, we have shown that CD8+, natural killer, and CD4+ cells are important for protective antitumor effect generated by irradiated tumor cell-based vaccines expressing Hsp70. |
| 552 | 18242797 | Finally, in order to study the envelope glycoprotein effects on pathogenesis, we have used an in vitro model of co-culture of envelope-expressing cells as effectors and CD4+ T cells as targets. |
| 553 | 18419345 | The mean percentages of mumps-specific CD4+ T cells that expressed CD69 and produced IFN-gamma were equivalent in the 2 groups: 0.06% and 0.12%, respectively (P = .11). |
| 554 | 18832706 | Polychromatic cytometry analysis indicated that the virus-specific T cells from the severe group tended to be a central memory phenotype (CD27(+)/CD45RO(+)) with a significantly higher frequency of polyfunctional CD4(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-2, and CD8(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and CD107a (degranulation), as compared with the mild-moderate group. |
| 555 | 19386801 | Functional studies revealed that CD4+ IL-23R+ cells could be stimulated ex vivo with anti-CD3/CD28 to secrete both IL-17 and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). |
| 556 | 19386801 | Functional evaluation of the expanded number of CD4+ IL-23R+ cells in the presence of different cytokines with anti-CD3/CD28 revealed that all cytokines used (IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-23) increased the amount of IFN-gamma secreted by IL-23R+ CD4+ cells at different levels. |
| 557 | 21674481 | In Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA)-infected C57BL/6 mice, CD4(+) T cells controlled parasite numbers poorly, instead providing early help to pathogenic CD8(+) T cells. |
| 558 | 19526193 | Cytometry analysis indicated that the majority of memory CD8(+) T cells produced IFN-gamma, whereas memory CD4(+) T cells produced IFN-gamma, IL-2 or TNF-alpha. |
| 559 | 21703999 | In vitro, H felis-stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) from WT mice induced greater secretion of IL-17 by ovalbumin-stimulated OT-II transgenic CD4+ T cells compared with DCs from PAR2-/- mice (4298±347 and 3230±779; P<.04), indicating that PAR2-/- DCs are impaired in priming of Th17 cells. |
| 560 | 21933959 | To understand why some patients with NY-ESO-1 antibody failed to experience clinical benefit, we analyzed NY-ESO-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses by intracellular multicytokine staining in 20 NY-ESO-1-seropositive patients and found a surprising dissociation between NY-ESO-1 antibody and CD8 responses in some patients. |
| 561 | 20686664 | Our results indicate that both the HCV TCR-transduced CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells recognized the HCV NS3:1073-1081 peptide-loaded targets and HCV(+) hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) in a polyfunctional manner with cytokine (IFN-gamma, IL-2, and TNF-alpha) production as well as cytotoxicity. |
| 562 | 20686664 | Tumor cell recognition by HCV TCR transduced CD8(-) Jurkat cells and CD4(+) PBL-derived T cells indicated this TCR was CD8-independent, a property consistent with other high affinity TCRs. |
| 563 | 21807057 | Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that CD8(+) T cells responded to MHC-class I binding peptides and CD4(+) T cells to MHC-class II binding peptides. |
| 564 | 21839428 | Loss of both Bim and Fas also increased the number of virus-specific CD4(+) T cells found in the lymph nodes compared to the parental genotypes or wildtype mice. |
| 565 | 21991402 | In magnetically separated lymphocytes, the saliva induced the proliferation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells which was further enhanced after IL-10 blockage. |
| 566 | 21893031 | Further studies revealed that neither CD40 signaling nor IL-12 was indispensable for the activation of dendritic and CD4 T cells in this model. |
| 567 | 14627128 | IL-12 p70 produced by OK-432-stimulated imMo-DCs induced secretion of IFN-gamma by CD4+ T cells. |
| 568 | 20870934 | Consistent with this observation, CD4(+) T cell depletion did not affect the DENV-specific IgG or IgM Ab titers or their neutralizing activity, or the DENV-specific CD8(+) T cell response. |
| 569 | 20880743 | The TLR4 agonist LPS activates antigen-presenting cells through myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta (TRIF)-dependent signaling pathways, initiating CD4 T helper cell clonal expansion and differentiation. |
| 570 | 21793507 | After engaging the CD4 receptor at the cell surface, the HIV-1 gp120 glycoprotein binds to the CCR5 co-receptor via an interaction that requires two tyrosine sulfates, at positions 10 and 14 in the CCR5-N terminus. |
| 571 | 21793507 | Primary HIV-1 isolates were weakly neutralized, preincubation with soluble CD4 enhanced neutralization, and engineered isolates with increased dependence on the N terminus of CCR5 or with reduced conformational barriers were neutralized with IC(50) values as low as ?1 ?M. |
| 572 | 21210234 | To evaluate a possible age-related expression of NKG2D in CD4+ T cells, we compared their percentage in peripheral blood from 100 elderly and 50 young adults. |
| 573 | 21210234 | Higher frequencies of the NKG2D+ subset were accompanied with a gradual decrease of NAIVE and central memory cells, but also with a higher level of more differentiated subsets of CD4+ T cells. |
| 574 | 22025707 | Tregs additionally reduced CD4 IFN-? in the inflamed dermis (twofold reduction) dependent on their production of IL-10. |
| 575 | 21383765 | Tumor protection was mediated by a CD8(+) T-cell-dependent mechanism and did not require CD4(+) help to protect mice 7 days after a boost immunization. |
| 576 | 21383765 | Alternatively, 40 days after a boost immunization, the presence of CD4(+) help enhanced antigen-specific IFN-?-secreting CD8(+) T cells and tumor protection in mice challenged with B16.OVA. |
| 577 | 21383765 | Long-term CD8 responses were equally enhanced by antigen-specific and universal CD4 help. |
| 578 | 22078442 | There were five groups, which included survivin(4)/Th group, survivin(4)group, empty plasmid group, untransfected group and T lymphocytes group The expression of CD83 and CD86 on the surface of DCs, the expression of CD4 and CD8a on the surface of T lymphocytes, the apoptotic rates of MCF-7 cells after treated by DC vaccine were measured by flow cytometry; IFN-? levels of all groups were detected by ELISA and the growth inhibition of MCF-7 cells after being treated with DC vaccine was tested by MTT colorimetry. |
| 579 | 19079203 | However, although CD4(+) T(EM) expressed, or not, integrin alpha(4)/beta(7), CD4(+) T(CM) cells were predominantly integrin alpha(4)/beta(7)(+). |
| 580 | 21998589 | CD4 T cell responses were also attenuated in the absence of TLR7, but CD8 responses were TLR7 independent, suggesting the existence of additional pathways for detection of retroviral particles. |
| 581 | 21439674 | Based on phenotype, chemokine-directed migration, facility to process and present antigens, and stimulatory capacity to polarize Th1 responses in CD4(+) T cells, induce antigen-specific CD8(+) CTL and activate natural killer cells, these young mDCs display all the important properties needed for initiating good antitumor responses in a vaccine setting. |
| 582 | 21955445 | Furthermore, we demonstrate that TGF? in the presence of IL-6 and/or IL-1? induces in vitro differentiation of Th17 cells from naïve porcine CD4(+) thymocytes. |
| 583 | 22058417 | Tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells in the lung did not circulate or emigrate from the lung in parabiosis experiments, were protected from in vivo Ab labeling, and expressed elevated levels of CD69 and CD11a compared with those of circulating memory populations. |
| 584 | 22102924 | However, little in vivo data are available on the dynamics of Th17 cells, another important CD4(+) T cell subset, after Schistosoma japonicum infection or whether these cells and their defining IL-17 cytokine mediate host protective responses early in infection. |