Ignet

Gene Information

Gene symbol: HBB

Gene name: hemoglobin, beta

HGNC ID: 4827

Synonyms: CD113t-C, HBD, beta-globin

Related Genes

#	Gene Symbol	Number of hits
1	ACE	1 hits
2	ACHE	1 hits
3	ACO2	1 hits
4	ADIPOQ	1 hits
5	AFP	1 hits
6	AGT	1 hits
7	AKR1B1	1 hits
8	ALB	1 hits
9	APOA1	1 hits
10	CAP1	1 hits
11	CAT	1 hits
12	CD40	1 hits
13	COL18A1	1 hits
14	COL1A1	1 hits
15	CORIN	1 hits
16	CRP	1 hits
17	CSF3	1 hits
18	CST3	1 hits
19	DNASE1	1 hits
20	DPP4	1 hits
21	EPO	1 hits
22	FGF21	1 hits
23	GAA	1 hits
24	GCG	1 hits
25	GCK	1 hits
26	GLP1R	1 hits
27	GPT	1 hits
28	HBA1	1 hits
29	HBE1	1 hits
30	HBG1	1 hits
31	HFE	1 hits
32	HMOX1	1 hits
33	HP	1 hits
34	IAPP	1 hits
35	IDDM2	1 hits
36	IGF1	1 hits
37	IL6	1 hits
38	INS	1 hits
39	KRT124P	1 hits
40	NOS1	1 hits
41	NOS2A	1 hits
42	PYY	1 hits
43	REN	1 hits
44	SERPINE1	1 hits
45	SERPINF2	1 hits
46	SOCS3	1 hits
47	SOD1	1 hits
48	TCF7L2	1 hits
49	TFPI	1 hits
50	TGFB1	1 hits
51	TNF	1 hits
52	TNFRSF11B	1 hits
53	TNNT2	1 hits
54	VWF	1 hits

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	22127749	In the K (ITT) > 1.56 group (n=81), hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) significantly increased in both patients treated with insulin sensitizers (n=10) and patients not treated with insulin sensitizers (n=71).
2	22098782	ABSTRACT: Coronary artery disease has been linked with genotypes for haptoglobin (Hp) which modulates extracorpuscular hemoglobin.
3	6991338	Changes in glucosylated albumin were more sensitive than glycohemoglobins to changes in serum glucose, consistent with the observation that albumin was glucosylated at about 10 times the rate for hemoglobin in incubations in vitro.
4	7013838	In the control of insulin dependent diabetes in a remission, hemoglobin A1c allowed assessment of the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism after suppression of insulin therapy.
5	7010855	We studied the behavior of fast hemoglobin fractions in newly discovered diabetic patients, before and in the 10 days immediately following the beginning of insulin therapy, in order to verify whether or not the rapid improvement of glycemic control involved a rapid reduction of total HbA1 and of its fractions.
6	7151653	In 102 insulin-dependent diabetic patients without retinopathy and with visual acuity 20/20, the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test was performed, and glycosylated hemoglobin (GlHb) levels were determined.
7	3516481	The increase of chromatographically determined HbA1 concentrations in azotemic patients is most likely due to the joint action of carbamylation of hemoglobin with urea derived cyanate and deterioration of glycemic control induced by azotemia.
8	3701514	In most patients, a gluten-free diet had little effect on insulin dosage, urinary excretion of glucose, or serum level of hemoglobin A1.
9	3751446	Several lysosomal enzymes (beta-N-D-acetylglucosaminidase, beta-D-glucuronidase, alpha-D-galactosidase, beta-D-galactosidase, alpha-L-fucosidase, alpha-D-glucosidase, alpha-D-mannosidase, beta-D-glucosidase), glycated albumin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined in the serum of 81 insulin-dependent diabetics with different degrees of metabolic control (optimal, 21 patients; good, 39 patients; poor, 21 patients) and without signs of complications, and in 42 control subjects.
10	3097114	The GH increase after TRH in IDDM patients was positively correlated to age, but unrelated to other variables, such as sex, pubertal stage, duration of disease, glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, thyrotropin and T4 concentrations.
11	3100365	In the IDDM patients, the addition of glyburide produced no change in daily insulin dose (54 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 7 U/day), mean 24-h glucose level (177 +/- 20 vs. 174 +/- 29 mg/dl), glucosuria (20 +/- 6 vs. 35 +/- 12 g/day) or glycosylated hemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.7%).
12	2881186	The increase in albumin was the greatest in diabetics with long duration of the disease (greater than or equal to 8 years); however, NAG and AAP increased more significantly in those with high hemoglobin A1c than in patients with long duration.
13	3817304	We measured glycosylated albumin and hemoglobin and serum protein binding of phenytoin in 57 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
14	3307403	At the end of 10 weeks, insulin administration was associated with a more rapid decrease in the levels of fasting plasma glucose, two-hour postprandial glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin, but there was no significant difference between the two therapies by the end of the study.
15	3308584	Although both forms of therapy improved chronic glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin concentration went from 9.6 +/- 0.7 to 7.6 +/- 0.5 and 7.1 +/- 0.2%, respectively, P less than .01), exogenous insulin resulted in a lower postprandial glycemic response than tolazamide (P less than .001).
16	3315515	After the 8-wk program, glycemic control, as measured by glycosylated serum albumin and blood glucose values (but not by glycosylated hemoglobin), improved in the supervised-exercise group despite reduced daily insulin dosage.
17	3318463	At initial presentation, glycosylated hemoglobin concentration was increased in the 18 women who required insulin compared with the 14 women managed by diet alone (7.1% +/- 0.2% versus 6.2% +/- 0.2%, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01).
18	2966883	Specific binding of both IGF-I and insulin in placental membranes from patients with good glycemic control (as reflected by blood hemoglobin content) was unaltered while that in the placental membranes from the patients with poor glycemic control was increased to approximately 20% of the normals.
19	2457030	K562 human erythroleukemia cells can be induced by hemin and other stimuli to produce hemoglobin and actively express epsilon- and gamma-globin genes but not the adult-like beta-globin gene.
20	3054347	The requirements of insulin were reduced (p less than 0.001) during the course of the study, whereas the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose were not changed.
21	2642488	This treatment resulted in no change in 24-h glucose profiles, although the mean insulin dose decreased by 19%, while hemoglobin A1c decreased significantly (0.084 +/- 0.023 to 0.067 +/- 0.011, P = 0.04).
22	2918051	During pirenzepine administration, hemoglobin A1c significantly decreased (P less than 0.02), and 4 of the 13 patients had lower daily insulin requirements (5-23 U/day), but there was no significant change for the group as a whole.
23	2918840	Multivariate analyses show that sex, age, body mass index, previous androgen and corticosteroid therapy, previous blood transfusion, initial hemoglobin and white blood cell and serum ferritin concentrations were not significantly related to hyperinsulinemia as expressed by the integrated insulin area under the curve of glucose tolerance test.
24	2919156	Fructosamine and various measures of blood glucose were compared to glycosylated hemoglobin as indices of glycaemic control in 148 patients with insulin treated diabetes.
25	2653258	The symptoms of this biochemical abnormality, the pathophysiology of which is not yet clearly understood, are the following: lack of clinical manifestations, except for a variable and intermittent glycosuria; constant abnormal glucose tolerance tests, above 97 percentiles of the reference value with some variations over time; normal immunoreactive insulin levels; percentage of glycosylated hemoglobin at the upper range of normal; dominant autosomal genetic transmission and no association with HLA markers like in insulin-dependent diabetes; lack of degenerative complications of the micro-angiopathic type, at least on these cases even after more than 30 years of follow-up; finally, no tendency towards insulin-dependent diabetes.
26	2525024	We have observed that expression of p epsilon GLCAT and p beta GLCAT (the epsilon-globin or beta-globin promoter linked to the CAT gene) was significantly stimulated when cotransfected with a cloned T antigen plasmid into CV-1 cells, indicating that trans-activation of the globin promoters was mediated by SV40 T antigen.
27	2526137	While diabetic animals from both diet groups had similar elevated glycated hemoglobin levels and increased levels of nonenzymatic glycation of glomerular basement membrane, these were significantly elevated as compared to insulin treated diabetic (euglycemic), age-matched controls on an 8% protein diet, and streptozotocin injected nondiabetic animals from both diet groups.
28	2666064	Mean total hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) significantly (at least P less than 0.05) decreased while the plasma free insulin level significantly increased (at least P less than 0.05) under ICIT.
29	2404722	In patients, total-body insulin-mediated glucose metabolism correlated with the degree of glycemic control as assessed by the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (r = -0.63, P less than 0.001).
30	1699416	We found maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in 93 pregnant patients with diabetes to be negatively associated with the earliest (4 to 12 weeks) glycosylated hemoglobin determinations.
31	2227126	However, after controlling for duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, diastolic blood pressure, and the presence of proteinuria and/or creatinine greater than or equal to 265 microM in a multiple logistic regression model, IGF-I was not significantly associated with PDR.
32	2227128	HLA-DR phenotype and glycosylated hemoglobin were determined at study entry, and insulin requirement, glucagon-stimulated C-peptide, ICAs, and IAs were measured at entry and after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of follow-up.
33	2147433	When glycosylated hemoglobin levels were in excess of 10%, the f-tPA activity was significantly decreased, but no reduction was found in PAI activity as compared with controls.
34	2274434	In 35 patients (13F/22M; age range 2-15 years), affected by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), basal and glucagon stimulated C peptide was determined and correlated with the daily insulin requirement (U/Kg/die), the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the age of onset (months) and the length of the illness (months).
35	1994728	Hemochromatosis was recognized as an iron-storage disease for 50 years before it was proposed to treat it by removing hemoglobin.
36	1826300	Normal animals showed compensatory increases in several measures of insulin secretion (fasting insulin [FI], acute insulin response to arginine [AIRarg], acute insulin response to glucose [AIRgluc], and glucose potentiation slope [delta AIRarg/delta G]), with no net change in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAtc).
37	1907250	Poor glycemic control at baseline, estimated by glycosylated hemoglobin, was a significant predictor of increases in vWF in both group 1 and groups 1 and 2 combined.
38	1799920	Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) decreased from 9.57 +/- 2.01% while taking animal insulin to 8.97 +/- 2.00% on human insulin (rDNAE coli) (P less than 0.001) Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels insulin (rDNAE coli).
39	1823641	To evaluate the relationship of blood ketone bodies with diabetic control and endogenous insulin secretion, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting serum C-peptide (CPR), blood total ketone-bodies (TKB), blood acetoacetate (AcAc) and blood 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) were compared in 78 outpatients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) treated with diet (n = 13), sulfonylurea (n = 52) and insulin (n = 13).
40	1313528	There was no difference in plasma glucose or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, plasma renin activity (PRA), and plasma aldosterone concentrations (PAC) between NKDM and HKDM patients.
41	1547687	In subjects taking insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin was correlated most strongly with total cholesterol.
42	1569156	Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects.
43	1576926	Both erythrocyte ATP and acetylcholinesterase activity declined, while glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) increased with cell age in both groups of subjects.
44	1335441	HbA1 may increase from a normal value of about 5% to as much as 20% of total hemoglobin in diabetics.
45	1488874	The main objective of the study was to assess effects of long-term lowering of glucosylated hemoglobin (HbA1%) on neurosensory function in insulin-dependent diabetes.
46	1307056	The patient received a short insulin therapy and now he shows good metabolic control (normal glycosylated hemoglobin) with oral hypoglycemic treatment.
47	7677965	Recombinant erythropoietin increases the number of reticulocytes containing fetal hemoglobin in laboratory animals and in humans.
48	7677965	We studied whether hydroxyurea and erythropoietin might have a potentiating effect on the production of fetal hemoglobin in patients with sickle cell disease.
49	8420356	The increase in fetal hemoglobin may be the consequence of increased erythropoiesis, mediated by either erythropoietin or hyperinsulinemia.
50	8482529	Miglitol treatment resulted in clinical improvement toward normal in percent glycosylated hemoglobin, glycemic and insulinogenic responses to an oral glucose tolerance, and in liver glucokinase activity, in concert with modest decreases in weight gain in obese rats. 3.
51	8105957	The infrequent EPO group required only 35% as much EPO as the frequent group to maintain hemoglobin and hematocrit, which were significantly greater.
52	8306194	The reduced thyroid hormone concentrations observed in untreated streptozotocin-diabetic rats were restored towards control levels in animals receiving the lowest dose of insulin (1 U/day), whereas higher doses of insulin were required to more closely restore euglycemia and lower glycated hemoglobin.
53	8055819	Blood serum fructosamine and blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) concentrations were determined in 47 children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes during their first stay in the hospital.
54	8167387	In an observational study, a cohort of 122 patients with IDDM was followed prospectively for changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1, normal < 8%) and in DR 0-12 months after institution of IGC.
55	7828080	The study involved a group of insulin-dependent BB Wor rats showing marked variations in metabolic control, assessed by the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (gHb).
56	7533075	The respective effects of 6 month's administration of beta-blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, carteolol and arotinolol), calcium-channel blockers (nicardipine, diltiazem) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (enalapril) on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), using a retrospective method.
57	7813818	A positive correlation between TFPI activity and glycated hemoglobin was demonstrated.
58	7698051	Glycated hemoglobin was measured to determine the clinical importance of catheter malfunctions and decreases in pump flow due to insulin aggregation in the pump chamber.
59	7708068	The risk of microalbuminuria in patients with IDDM increases abruptly above a hemoglobin A1 value of 10.1 percent (equivalent to a hemoglobin A1c value of 8.1 percent), suggesting that efforts to reduce the frequency of diabetic nephropathy should be focused on reducing hemoglobin A1 values that are above this threshold.
60	7712531	The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in diabetic group increased from 598 +/- 105 to 696 +/- 103 U/g of hemoglobin (p < 0.01), the activity of glutathion peroxidase (GSHPx) did not change, malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased from 7.1 +/- 1.1 to 5.8 +/- 1.1 mumol/L (p < 0.01) and uric acid decreased from 261 +/- 83 to 236 +/- 96 mumol/L (p < 0.01).
61	7607616	An H1 histamine blocker markedly diminished the skin reaction to insulin, and her plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin AIc became well controlled.
62	8910815	We determined plasma ET 1-21 concentrations by radioimmunoassay in 59 patients with IDDM (32 male, 27 female) and in 41 healthy siblings (20 male, 21 female) and investigated the association of ET 1-21 concentrations with age, sex, control of diabetes (expressed as % of glycosylated hemoglobin), duration of disease and presence of complications.
63	8971088	Diabetes also 1) increased vascular albumin permeation twofold in retina, sciatic nerve, aorta, skin, and kidney; 2) decreased renal collagenase-soluble collagen; 3) increased collagen-associated fluorescence in kidney and skin but not in aorta; and 4) increased glycated hemoglobin levels and aortic pentosidine levels.
64	8971088	Aminoguanidine reduced albuminuria by 70% after 4 months, and both guanidines 1) normalized aortic pentosidine levels and renal collagenase-soluble collagen, 2) had no effect on glycated hemoglobin levels or collagen-associated fluorescence (in aorta, kidney, or skin), and 3) had little or no effect on regional albumin permeation.
65	9388085	Among patients starting insulin therapy, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased by 0.9 percentage point (95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.0) at 1 year compared with those receiving stable medication regimens; however, 2 years after starting insulin therapy, 60% still had HbA1c levels of 8% or greater.
66	9402095	Using multiple linear regression, variables of rhEPO administration (rhEPO dose and percentage of treatments that rhEPO was administered), variables of iron status (serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin), variables of nutritional status (serum albumin and creatinine concentration), and the dose of dialysis (urea reduction ratio) were found to be significantly associated with hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.001).
67	9625290	In a cross-sectional study, 93 patients (known duration 17 +/- 8 years, mean+/-SD) with poor metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1C 9.3%+/-2.09%) were evaluated for CHD, for insulin release (C-peptide), for clinical and metabolic parameters including body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, arterial blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, kidney function, and proteinuria.
68	10624788	The serum Epo concentrations of diabetic patients (17.6 +/- 8.1 mIU/ml) were significantly lower than those of non-diabetic patients with similar degree of decrease in hemoglobin concentrations (144.9 +/- 108.0 mIU/ml, P<0.001).
69	10624788	The hemoglobin concentrations of diabetic patients correlated with creatinine clearance (r = 0.34, P = 0.03), serum creatinine (r = -0.49, P = 0.003) and albumin excretion rate (r = -0.44, P = 0.009), but showed no relation to age, duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, presence of retinopathy or neuropathy.
70	10802146	Although her hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were maintained from 6.0 to 6.5% over 4 years, urinary albumin excretion levels and serum creatinine levels increased, indicating deteriorating diabetic nephropathy.
71	11121056	Developmental expression at the beta-globin locus is regulated in part by the locus control region, a region upstream of the genes containing at least five major DNase I hypersensitive sites (HSs) in mammalian erythrocytes.
72	11926785	When the goal of insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus is near-normoglycemia, splitting the evening insulin treatment regimen into short-acting insulin at dinner and NPH insulin at bedtime reduces the risks for nocturnal hypoglycemia and hypoglycemia unawareness and decreases the hemoglobin A1c value compared with mixing short-acting insulin and NPH insulin at dinner.
73	12808880	In type 2 diabetic patients, the continuous infusion of GLP-1 (7-36) amide decreases plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c concentrations and improves beta-cell function.
74	12830456	A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that UAE was significantly associated with hs-CRP level (P < 0.001), duration of diabetes (P < 0.001), urinary TNF-alpha level (P < 0.01), and glycated hemoglobin level (P < 0.05; adjusted R2 = 0.73; P < 0.001).
75	12935319	The results show that glucose level and glycosylated hemoglobin were increased and plasma insulin and liver glycogen were decreased in diabetic rats, and that treatment with AMFEt reversed the effects of diabetes on these biochemical parameters to near-normal levels.
76	15562034	We determined nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity in skeletal muscle of 10 type 2 diabetic (hemoglobin A(1C) = 6.8 +/- 0.1%) and 11 control subjects under basal conditions and during an 80 mU/m(2).min euglycemic insulin clamp performed with vastus lateralis muscle biopsies before and after 4 h of insulin.
77	15767618	Mean 24-hour plasma profiles of glucose levels normalized, mean hemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.3% to 6.8%, and insulin sensitivity improved by approximately 75%.
78	15618465	Our results suggest that SATB1 can up-regulate the epsilon-globin gene by interaction with specific sites in the beta-globin cluster and imply that SATB1 family protein expressed in the erythroid progenitor cells may have a role in globin gene expression during early erythroid differentiation.
79	15872076	Measured risk factors included age, gender, BP, body mass index, GFR, glycosylated hemoglobin, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, smoking, and medications that affect urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR).
80	16191489	In the 10 female and 10 male study subjects, the mean (+/-SD) hemoglobin A1c level was 9.59 +/- 1.37% initially, and it decreased to 8.53 +/- 1.11% at 3 months and to 7.83 +/- 1.26% at 6 months after initiation of U-500 insulin therapy.
81	16251239	The association of cystatin C with noncardiovascular mortality persisted after adjustment for demographic factors; the presence of diabetes, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, and prevalent cardiovascular disease; and measures of atherosclerosis (hazard ratio 1.69; 95% confidence interval 1.33 to 2.15, for the fourth quartile versus the first quartile).
82	16301088	Usage of CSII has been demonstrated to reduce glycosylated hemoglobin levels and frequency of severe hypoglycemia, without sacrifices in safety, quality of life, or weight gain, particularly in conjunction with the use of new insulin analogs and improvements in pump technology.
83	16409887	Despite a significant decrease in percent hemoglobin A1c (22.2%; p = < .0001), lipid and lipoprotein profiles, highly sensitive CRP, leukocyte adhesion molecules, and other nontraditional CV risk factors did not change significantly.
84	16629719	Pramlintide, a synthetic amylin analog, also decreases glucagon secretion and delays gastric emptying, improves hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), and facilitates weight reduction without causing hypoglycemia.
85	16912828	Insulin pump therapy is not required for all patients with type 1 diabetes, since intensive treatments produce very similar results in terms of glycated hemoglobin and control of complications over the medium and long terms.
86	17088580	Among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, there was a small decrease in hemoglobin A1c level from baseline that favored subcutaneous insulin over inhaled insulin (weighted mean difference, 0.08% [95% CI, 0.03% to 0.14%]), although there was no difference in the proportion of participants achieving hemoglobin A1c levels less than 7%.
87	17090363	Sulfonylureas, metformin, thiazolidinediones, and non-sulfonylurea secretagogues differ little in their ability to decrease glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1c) levels when used as initial monotherapy for diabetes mellitus type 2 (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic reviews); alpha-glucosidase inhibitors may also be as effective (SOR: B, based on systematic reviews with inconsistent results).
88	17140783	In addition, oral administration of cinnamaldehyde (20 mg/kg bw) significantly decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1C)), serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and at the same time markedly increased plasma insulin, hepatic glycogen and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels.
89	17023086	In multivariate analysis, OPG was significantly associated with endothelium-dependent arterial dilation, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and ultra sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) at baseline (p<0.01).
90	17454170	TNF-alpha levels were correlated with glycated hemoglobin in GDM.
91	17493948	Age, albumin/creatinine ratio, hemoglobin A1c, diabetes, hypertension, and lipid-lowering therapy were correlated with quantity of CAP in all vascular beds (all p<0.05); no differences in the strength of these relations were noted.
92	17596883	Associations between biomarkers of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), with 3 separate measures of glucose homeostasis: fasting glucose, fasting insulin and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were studied and compared between women with and without diabetes in order to gain insight into the documented associations between NAFLD, insulin resistance and diabetes.
93	17646722	The total percentage of daily insulin doses delivered as basal rates was similar in both groups and was negatively associated (beta=-2.956, p=0.05) with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values.
94	17950094	The significant increase in adiponectin by miglitol was inversely correlated with the ratio of the 60-minute change in blood glucose at 3 months divided by the change at baseline (r = -0.59, P = .020), which was independent of the effect of age, sex, changes in hemoglobin A(1c) and BMI, and the baseline concentration of adiponectin.
95	17956948	We determined the effect of the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone on liver fat and directly measured hepatic insulin sensitivity in 14 patients with type 2 diabetes (aged 51 +/- 3 yr, body mass index 36.7 +/- 1.1 kg/m2), who were poorly controlled (glycosylated hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c) 8.9 +/- 0.4%) despite using high doses of insulin (218 +/- 22 IU/d) in combination with metformin.
96	18326228	No significant difference between the groups was registered by age, diabetes history, albuminuria, blood lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin, mean circadian blood pressure, duration of therapy with ACE inhibitors, intake of diuretics and beta-blockers.
97	18326229	Excretion of cytokines and TGFb correlated inversely with glomerular filtration rate and hemoglobin level.
98	18218179	In two previously reported multi-center, randomized, open-label, comparator (insulin) controlled trials in patients with type 2 diabetes sub-optimally controlled with metformin and a sulfonylurea, treatment with exenatide and insulin analogue therapy produced similar reductions in glycosylated hemoglobin A(1c) (A1C).
99	19885208	In long-term glycemic control, the AC protocol significantly decreased hemoglobin A1c in conditions of suboptimal basal insulin replacement for SMBG frequencies > or = 6/day, and reduced the occurrence of mild and severe hypoglycemia by 86-100% over controls, over all SMBG frequencies in conditions of optimal basal insulin.
100	19513902	Precautions, including minimizing the peak white blood cell count, dividing or reducing the G-CSF dose and red blood cell transfusions to reduce sickle hemoglobin (HbS) levels, have been employed with no consistent benefit.
101	19785303	The research question was, "How do youths' hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) values change with insulin pump therapy?"
102	19789636	TCF7L2 expression in both types of adipose tissue was not associated with SNPs rs7903146 and rs12255372, T2D status and blood levels of glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).
103	19408098	APOA1 polymorphisms were associated with age-related morbidities, as well as with triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, VLDL, LDL, creatinine, urea, albumin, glycated hemoglobin and fasting glucose serum levels.
104	19675528	Decreased CRP was associated with increased hemoglobin and albumin.
105	19114874	The implementation of a regular, rigorous exercise and diet program greatly decreased insulin resistance and allowed far more patients to reach their glycosylated hemoglobin goals.
106	19947814	Increased awareness of the differences among incretin mimetics, GLP-1 analogs, and DPP-4 inhibitors, including their structures, half-lives, dosages, hemoglobin A(1c)-lowering capacities, effects on weight, and adverse events will help shape the future of these therapeutic agents.
107	20003708	MnTM-2-PyP treatment had no effect on blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, but suppressed lipid peroxidation and nitrotyrosine, protected aconitase against inactivation, and reversed the induction of NHE-1 and NHE-3 isoforms.
108	19659435	The function of haptoglobin is primarily to determine the fate of hemoglobin released from red blood cells after either intravascular or extravascular hemolysis.
109	19708907	For both genders, glucosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), blood pH at diabetes onset, and pubertal status are the major factors determining the initial insulin dosage calculated as the amount of daily insulin per kilogram body weight (kg), the basal and prandial insulin dose per kilogram, and day and the insulin/carbohydrate ratios for meals.
110	20112184	Decrease of hemoglobin occurs in diabetic patients with nephropathy earlier than in nondiabetic patients, probably due to impaired synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO).
111	20484464	In these animals, cevoglitazar also reduced fasting plasma insulin and, at the highest dose, reduced hemoglobin A1c levels by 0.4%.
112	20525188	Obese participants as well as individuals with elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, lower adiponectin, higher ferritin or with glutathione S-transferase M1 null genotype showed higher IL-6 effects.
113	18547236	Adiponectin correlated inversely with body mass index percentile (p = 0.02) but not with age, gender, duration of diabetes, hemoglobin A1c, or preexercise glucose.
114	20075747	We analyzed whether fetal polymorphisms of the angiotensinogen (AGT) and angiotensin-converting enzyme genes influence birth weight and/or fetal total glycated hemoglobin (fTGH), a surrogate parameter of fetal insulin resistance at birth.
115	20631270	The GLP1 receptor agonists have a greater effect on patients' glycated hemoglobin A(1c) levels and cause sustained weight loss, whereas the DPP4 inhibitors are weight-neutral.
116	20859539	Alogliptin is a new DPP-4 inhibitor that reduces glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)), is weight neutral, has an excellent safety profile, and can be used in combination with oral agents and insulin.
117	20949340	Records were analyzed for patients with type 2 diabetes who had been initiated on biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp30) (n=632) or biphasic isophane human insulin 30 (BHI30) (n=762) and who had a glycated hemoglobin (HbA?(c)) measurement at baseline (up to 6 months before the index date) and end of study (6-12 months after index date).
118	21117451	After 15 days treatment with GII (100 mg/kg body weight for 3 weeks) glycosylated hemoglobin came down and insulin increased to normal values in the sub-diabetic, moderately diabetic and severely diabetic rabbits.
119	21176750	Average hemoglobin (Hb) levels during the 12-month study period were significantly lower in the diabetes group than in the non-diabetes group, and a higher dose of EPO was required in the diabetes group.
120	19074676	Myocardial endostatin expression correlated strongly with the percentage of hemoglobin A(1c) (r = 0.742, P = 0.0001).
121	21138825	Insulin replacement in diabetes often requires prandial intervention to reach hemoglobin A?(c) (HbA?(c)) targets.
122	21143769	All three dose levels dose dependently resulted in decreases in glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, and nitric oxide, with concomitant increases in serum insulin levels.
123	21335294	The aim of this article was to systematically review evidence on the effectiveness of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (ie, lowering of glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA(1c)]), the risk of hypoglycemia associated with these agents, and the effects of these agents on body weight in elderly patients with type 2 DM.
124	21084403	Blood samples for glycemia, glycated hemoglobin, lipids, inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble CD40 ligand, IL-6, and endothelin 1 (ET-1)] and oxidative stress (total antioxidant status, carbonyl) were collected immediately after and 24 h after PCI.
125	21249428	While SOCS-3 mRNA levels increased, plasma TNF? and IL-6 levels were also significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes. miR-146a expression was negatively correlated to glycated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, TRAF6, and NF?B mRNA levels and circulatory levels of TNF? and IL-6.
126	21099258	As compared with the diabetic control rats, effects of chitosan oligosaccharide for 12 weeks in the diabetic rats were summarized as follows; (1) the blood glucose concentrations fell significantly and it was confirmed by decreased glycated hemoglobin, (2) the plasma C-peptide was increased and provided elevated degree of insulin secretion, and (3) relatively well reconstructed pancreatic islet with ?-cells and additional insulin-immunolabeled cells in the pancreatic acinus and in the intercalated duct were observed.
127	19176700	Haptoglobin (Hp) is an antioxidant protein which serves to protect against oxidative stress induced by extracorpuscular hemoglobin.
128	21207203	Increased protein intake does not increase plasma glucose, but increases the insulin response and results in a significant reduction in hemoglobin A(1c).
129	21479350	The administration of JFEE or JFBE to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) from 200 to 56 and 79 mg%, respectively; elevated insulin from 10.8 to 19.5 and 15.1 �U/ml, respectively; decreased lipid peroxides from 7.3 to 5.4 and 5.9 nmol/ml, respectively; decreased %glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (%HbA1C) from 6.8 to 4.5 and 5.0%, respectively; and increased total protein content from 2.5 to 6.3 and 5.7 mg%, respectively.
130	21454798	Important secondary findings were significant associations between changes in 8-oxodG excretion and changes in albumin excretion and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)).
131	21157114	Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses for serum HMW adiponectin revealed that the hemoglobin status was independently and significantly associated with serum HMW adiponectin levels as well as sex, age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, antilipidemic medication, uric acid, serum gamma glutamyltransferase, and insulin resistance.
132	21157114	In stratified analysis, mean serum HMW adiponectin levels were significantly and similarly decreased as hemoglobin levels increased in men, ages ? 65 years, BMI < 23.0 kg/m(2), alcohol drinkers, and lower insulin resistance, and there were significant interactions between the two groups for BMI, alcohol consumption and insulin resistance.
133	21566300	The prevalence was also elevated for the hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dL (the minimum hemoglobin level at which therapy should be initiated with erythropoietin), that is, 21%, 17%, 31%, 49%, and 72%, respectively for stages from 1 to 5.
134	21410335	We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effectiveness of insulin regimens with insulin analogs to reach the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) target of <7% in patients with type 2 diabetes.
135	17854708	This study examined the effect of chromium niacinate (Cr-N) or chromium picolinate (Cr-P) supplementation on lipid peroxidation (LP), TNF-alpha, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1)), cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG) in diabetic rats.
136	21389296	Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists are an attractive choice for patients in whom promotion of weight loss is a major consideration and the glycated hemoglobin level is moderately elevated (<8.0%) (ie, insulin is not required).
137	21635925	Result suggested that when PYY(3-36) tertiles were considered, high serum fasting PYY(3-36) concentration was associated with high body mass index, waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, leptin, triglyceride (p for all p ? 0.001), serum insulin (p=0.013) and with a low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.004) concentrations in the analyses adjusted for age, sex and study group.
138	21597024	In best-fit models, predictors of death included increasing GA, increasing age, presence of peripheral vascular disease, decreasing serum albumin, and decreasing hemoglobin concentrations.
139	21734083	Elevated EPO levels were independently associated with elevated C-reactive protein, low ferritin, and hypertension, in a multivariate model that also included age, cardiovascular disease, kidney function, albumin, cholesterol, and hemoglobin.
140	18385795	ALR2 activity and sorbitol levels along with glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels in erythrocytes were determined.
141	21450987	Change in glycosylated hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) by antibody status and magnitude [negative, positive (high or low level)].
142	20448066	Effects of DCCT intensive versus conventional diabetes therapy on urine albumin excretion or classification of albuminuria were similar using the eAER versus measured AER, as were the effects of the previous glycosylated hemoglobin.
143	21632491	In models adjusted for traditional risk factors and hemoglobin A(1c), detectable high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T was associated with subsequent CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death) in diabetic women (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 3.07, P=0.036) but not nondiabetic women (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 1.55; P=0.46).
144	20659093	Insulin independent patients had no further hypoglycemic events, hemoglobin A1c levels decreased and renal function remained stable.
145	21744283	After 2 years, remission was achieved in 13 of 20 patients (65%), and hemoglobin A1c decreased from 8.1?�?1.8% to 5.9?�?1.1% and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance from 5.7?�?3.2 to 1.9?�?0.8 after 12 months.
146	21658378	Oral administration of ?-sitosterol (20 mg/kg body weight) once daily for 21 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats resulted in a significant decrease in blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin with a significant increase in plasma insulin level, body weight and food intake.
147	21876979	Postprandial secretion of peptide YY and Glucagon-like peptide-1 were enhanced, whereas hemoglobin A1c, fasting and postprandial glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced.
148	19019231	Exercise training significantly (p < .05) increased plantaris muscle cytochrome oxidase, significantly improved glycosylated hemoglobin (sed: 7.33 +/- 0.56%; train: 6.1 +/- 0.18%), ad improved insulin sensitivity.
149	21892557	Two studies found a positive association between physical exercises and adequacy of glycemic control on long-term, determining by glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and increase the insulin sensitivity, whereas three articles didn't found relations between exercises and glucose, insulin sensitivity and formation of ketone bodies.
150	21080099	We evaluated iron status (hemoglobin and serum Fe, ferritin, and transferrin receptor), and we determined the length of (GT)n repeats in HO-1 gene promoter by capillary electrophoresis and HO enzymatic activity in mononuclear cells and assessed the relationship between these results and Fe stores.
151	21973233	Fasting serum FGF-21 was found to correlate positively and significantly with age, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance, and hsCRP, but negatively with HOMA of ?-cell insulin secretion.