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PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
6167481
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The HLA-B associations (B8, B15 and B18) were clearly secondary to the increases of HLA-D/DR3 and D/DR 4.
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2 |
1356098
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These findings suggest that both HLA and non-HLA genes are involved in conferring susceptibility to IDDM, and that the region between HLA-B and BAT3 contains some of the relevant genes.
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3 |
7927538
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We have used genomic analysis to characterize a region of the central major histocompatibility complex (MHC) spanning approximately 300 kilobases (kb) between TNF and HLA-B.
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4 |
8803534
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B27, B37, B38 and B49) and the probable decrease in the frequency of HLA-B homozygotes in surviving patients (Pcorrected = 0.008) may provide an objective model to explain the maintenance of the HLA polymorphism: less frequent HLA alleles may be more advantageous in the event of unexpected human contact with unusual xenobiotics (not only microbes); however, other mechanisms working together to preserve and generate HLA polymorphism may coexist.
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5 |
17498265
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The TNF-alpha-308 G allele was in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*0801-DRB1*0301 haplotype, while TNF-alpha-308 A allele was in LD with the HLA-B*5001-DRB1*0301 and B*5801-DRB1*0301 haplotypes, suggesting that the effect of TNF-alpha -308 A allele is not because of its being in LD with any HLA alleles, but because of its functional role and its integrated effect with other cytokines.
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6 |
17632406
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Here we provide evidence that: 1) tryptophan conversion to kynurenines is activated in DCs by cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4, both in a soluble form or anchored to the regulatory T cell (Treg) membrane; 2) an increased IDO-dependent tolerogenesis correlates with the inhibition of DAP12 functions, an adapter molecule associated with activating receptors; 3) a tolerogenic phenotype can be acquired by DCs lacking functional IDO through the paracrine production of kynurenines by IDO-competent DCs; 4) the suppressive effect of Treg generated in a microenvironment with low tryptophan concentration and a mixture of kynurenines can protect mice in an experimental model of fulminant diabetes.
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7 |
20555325
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Sialic acid acetylesterase (SIAE) is an enzyme that negatively regulates B lymphocyte antigen receptor signalling and is required for the maintenance of immunological tolerance in mice.
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8 |
15592805
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The role of regulatory polymorphisms in determining susceptibility to a number of complex disease traits is discussed, including variation at the VNTR of INS, encoding insulin, in type 1 diabetes and polymorphism of CTLA4, encoding cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen, in autoimmune disease.
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9 |
19412418
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Although other components of the HLA class I and III regions have also been investigated for association with AID, apart from the association of HLA-B*27 with ankylosing spondylitis, it has been difficult to determine additional susceptibility loci independent of the strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the HLA class II genes.
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10 |
19143813
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Preliminary analyses confirm that HLA-B (at 31.4 Mb), HLA-A (at 30.0 Mb) are associated with T1D independently of the class II genes HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 (P = 6.0 x 10(-17) and 8.8 x 10(-13), respectively).
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