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Gene Information
Gene symbol: IDDM2
Gene name: insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 2
HGNC ID: 5373
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 7009418 | Assuming that there is a susceptibility gene for IDDM tightly linked to the genetic locus for BF and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the distribution of BF types in more than 1100 North American IDDM patients strongly argues for the rejection of dominant, epistatic, and overdominant modes of inheritance. |
| 2 | 7022106 | In obesity, IDDM and NIDDM there were no change in insulin sensitivity or in insulin responsiveness. |
| 3 | 6955994 | The silent allele C4s degree was particularly associated with early diagnosed IDDM (86.7% in patients with age at onset under 20 years vs 57.1% in other patients, P less than 0.02). |
| 4 | 7152138 | In support of this proposal, the similar associations of specific markers of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) with IDDM in U.S. blacks with respect to U.S. whites have been cited. |
| 5 | 7152138 | In the first we used nine genetic markers (ABO, Rh, Fy, Hp, Gc, Pl, OR, Tfr, and Gm) and determined that there was significantly greater than zero genetic contribution from whites in our sample of U.S. black IDDM patients (9.6 +/- 2.3%, P less than 0.01) when a sample of U.S. blacks without IDDM was used as one "parental" population. |
| 6 | 6366551 | Insulin requirements increased at least 50 per cent for 1 1/2 hours in 77 per cent of patients with NIDDM and in 75 per cent of patients with IDDM. |
| 7 | 6366551 | In five patients with IDDM who were studied on four occasions, the phenomenon occurred during 17 of the 20 observation periods, with insulin requirements after 6 a.m. increasing 225 +/- 34 per cent; coefficients of variation in individual patients ranged from 4 to 25 per cent. |
| 8 | 6380308 | Patients with IDDM determined to have inadequate glucose counterregulation during an insulin infusion test (40 mU X kg-1 X h-1) with bedside plasma glucose monitoring and clinical observation have been found to have a 25-fold greater risk of severe hypoglycemia during subsequent intensive therapy than patients with adequate glucose counterregulation. |
| 9 | 6589235 | In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1). |
| 10 | 6387483 | We conclude that hypoglycemia can cause rebound hyperglycemia in the absence of insulin waning in patients with IDDM, and that this results primarily from an excessive increase in glucose production due to activation of glucose counterregulatory systems. |
| 11 | 6399521 | We observed that prolongation of the time period between insulin and meal did not alter the magnitude of the post-meal rise in glucose concentration in the IDDM group. |
| 12 | 3865895 | Supratypes (allelic combinations) were identified from the phenotype of each group, and it was shown that the frequency of several supratypes is increased in patients with IDDM, in particular supratypes (A1 Cw7) B8 C4AQ0 C4B1 BfS DR3 (P = 0.0001), (A30 Cw-) B18 C4A3 C4BQ0 BfF1 DR3 (P = 0.0003), (A2 Cw3) B62 C4AR C4B2.9 BfS DR4 (P = 0.0002), and three other supratypes including DR4. |
| 13 | 3489237 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4. |
| 14 | 3097114 | The GH increase after TRH in IDDM patients was positively correlated to age, but unrelated to other variables, such as sex, pubertal stage, duration of disease, glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, thyrotropin and T4 concentrations. |
| 15 | 3100365 | In the IDDM patients, the addition of glyburide produced no change in daily insulin dose (54 +/- 8 vs. 53 +/- 7 U/day), mean 24-h glucose level (177 +/- 20 vs. 174 +/- 29 mg/dl), glucosuria (20 +/- 6 vs. 35 +/- 12 g/day) or glycosylated hemoglobin (10.1 +/- 1.0 vs. 9.5 +/- 0.7%). |
| 16 | 3803736 | We conclude that a decreased carbohydrate tolerance associated with winter can explain the seasonal variation in the incidence of IDDM and that this seasonality is caused by the precipitation of overt carbohydrate intolerance in individuals with already seriously compromised insulin secretory capacity. |
| 17 | 2951221 | To investigate whether morning or evening injection of a long-acting insulin preparation (Ultratard HM, Novo) affects the glycaemic control in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients, 24-hour blood glucose and plasma free insulin profiles were obtained in nine C-peptide negative IDDMs after one daily injection of insulin Ultratard HM either before breakfast (0800 h) or at 2200 h during the preceding 14 days. |
| 18 | 3817304 | We measured glycosylated albumin and hemoglobin and serum protein binding of phenytoin in 57 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 19 | 2884157 | We conclude that in IDDM and in totally pancreatectomized patients, administration of insulin with subsequent normalization of blood glucose is accompanied by a decline in plasma levels of SLI in the fasted state, whereas the apparent response to a meal is enhanced. |
| 20 | 3652616 | Size exclusion chromatography of acid/ethanol extracts of sera on a Bio-Rad P2 column revealed the presence of a Mr 300-400 inhibitor of insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in 32 (70%) of 46 NIDDM sera but not in 9 IDDM or 12 control sera. |
| 21 | 3311550 | We conclude that inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidases by Bay-m-1099 in IDDM reduces meal insulin requirements by at least 20% and that such an agent could be useful in the management of diabetes mellitus by reducing hyperinsulinemia. |
| 22 | 3125628 | The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations. |
| 23 | 3125628 | Although this latter difference does not retain statistical significance after correction for the number of comparisons made, these findings may support previous results suggesting the existence of IDDM susceptibility genes associated with DR3 and DR4 and of IDDM resistance genes associated with DQ antigens. |
| 24 | 2964980 | The urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 was significantly elevated in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with incipient nephropathy as compared with 9 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and 11 healthy controls: 317 (182-1273); 95 (67-225); 132 (54-263) pg/min, respectively (2p less than 0.01). |
| 25 | 3280182 | The CD25 positivity and insulin proliferation were associated to the duration of symptoms before the diagnosis of IDDM. |
| 26 | 3280182 | Children with IDDM also had increased numbers of CD4 positive T cells in peripheral blood. |
| 27 | 3282856 | This study describes insulin binding to circulating monocytes in 24 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), five children with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 10 healthy and 12 obese control children. |
| 28 | 3282856 | Insulin binding to monocytes was greatly increased in untreated IDDM children with obvious ketoacidosis (5.51 +/- 3.49 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01), whereas it was decreased in those without obvious ketoacidosis (1.39 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.91 +/- 0.47 pg/10(6) cells, P less than 0.01). |
| 29 | 3282941 | To determine the effects of insulin on dietary and endogenous leucine metabolism, five normal subjects, seven insulin-insufficient insulin-dependent (IDDM) diabetic patients, and five diabetic patients controlled with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) were studied before and for 8 h after ingestion of a chemically defined elemental test meal (10 cal/kg) containing crystalline amino acids. |
| 30 | 3284388 | Our observations suggest that the abnormally elevated glomerular blood flow and filtration rate of early IDDM can be corrected by a low-sodium diet via stimulation of endogenous ANG II. |
| 31 | 3372263 | These libraries represent the HLA haplotypes (DR3, DR4) most frequently associated with IDDM, as well as one haplotype found less often. |
| 32 | 2898855 | It is concluded that somatostatin reduces insulin resistance following hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 33 | 3400091 | In the "cis" situation (haplotype), the highest relative risks (RR) for IDDM were borne by multiloci allelic associations, mainly DR/complement alleles, rather than by DR3 or DR4 considered alone. |
| 34 | 3046964 | A mechanistic understanding of the effects of IL-1 on the beta-cell may clarify its role in modulating insulin release in vivo or yield insight into the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 35 | 3139426 | Intraplatelet serotonin (5-HT) content was determined in 23 patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 23 patients with type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), 29 patients with peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and 34 age-matched normal subjects. |
| 36 | 3192039 | In this study, we observed that LDL isolated from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) enhanced thrombin-induced platelet aggregation to a greater extent than LDL isolated from matched controls (P less than .01). |
| 37 | 3201101 | Urinary albumin excretion rate (radioimmunoassay) increased from 5.3 x/divide 1.5 (tolerance factor) to 6.5 x/divide 1.8 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normoalbuminuric IDDM patients and from 6.1 x/divide 2.1 to 7.8 x/divide 2.3 micrograms/min (2p less than 0.05) in the normal subjects, while no significant change was seen in the microalbuminuric group of diabetics. |
| 38 | 3264044 | However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM. |
| 39 | 3264044 | The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks. |
| 40 | 3065196 | Tolbutamide significantly decreased fasting plasma gastrin after 5 min of intravenous infusion in patients with atrophic gastritis, duodenal ulcer, or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as well as in healthy volunteers. |
| 41 | 2977106 | We have tested whether germline immunoglobulin kappa light chain variable region (V kappa) genes contribute to the genetic predisposition for IDDM. |
| 42 | 3069387 | The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to beta-cell destruction and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) are major histocompatibility complex (MHC) nonrestricted and are MHC associated and beta-cell specific. |
| 43 | 3069387 | The potentiation of IL-1 effects on beta-cells by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), another macrophage hormone controlled by a gene in the HLA region on chromosome 6, may account for the MHC association of IDDM. |
| 44 | 3069387 | In the experimental model of IDDM etiopathogenesis described, release of beta-cell antigen, processed and presented by macrophages to helper T-lymphocytes, initiates a self-perpetuating and self-limiting circuit of cytokine production of which IL-1 is beta-cell cytotoxic. |
| 45 | 3266138 | CH50, C3, C4 and C3bINA significantly increased in both IDDM and NIDDM compared with non-diabetic healthy controls. |
| 46 | 2464510 | The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune abnormality involving the class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 47 | 2464510 | The possibility that variant or unique class II MHC molecules may be associated with IDDM susceptibility was directly examined by determining the nucleotide sequences of class II mRNAs and/or cDNAs from the diabetes-prone (DP) BB rat, the diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rat, the normal histocompatible Wistar-Furth (WF) rat, and the Lewis rat. |
| 48 | 2564383 | Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM. |
| 49 | 2644144 | The interleukin 2 (IL-2)-receptor expression was significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with control subjects, although the single values were low: patients, 2.02 +/- 0.41%; controls, 0.88 +/- 0.25% (means +/- SE). |
| 50 | 2644144 | Circulating levels of soluble IL-2 receptor were also significantly increased in IDDM patients compared with controls: patients, 372.3 +/- 25.4 U/ml; controls, 235.5 +/- 29.3 U/ml (means +/- SE). |
| 51 | 2648764 | In order to evaluate the accuracy of urinary C-peptide determination and the clinical significance of C-peptiduria for the early course of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), the rate of urinary excretion of C-peptide was determined in 32 children and adolescents with IDDM and correlated with serum C-peptide concentration, urinary excretion of albumin and beta 2-microgloublin and with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured in terms of the clearance of 99mTc-DTPA. |
| 52 | 2784784 | Of at least three genes implicated in genetic susceptibility to IDDM in this strain, one is clearly linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 53 | 2542427 | IGF-I and IGF-II as well as the low molecular type of IGF binding protein (IGFPB) were determined in serum from 11 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during a cross-over study with conventional and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CIT and CSII) therapy. |
| 54 | 2656140 | Insulin responsiveness was markedly elevated; the steady-state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR) of step 4 was 104 vs. 64 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 50-79) in controls and 61 mumol.kg-1.min-1 (range 47-69) in IDDM subjects. |
| 55 | 2656140 | In the patient with newly diagnosed IDDM, the initial marked increases of insulin action and clearance were due to coexistent hyperthyroidism. |
| 56 | 2567260 | However, we also used computer simulation to investigate how the insulin gene region could contribute susceptibility to IDDM without yielding evidence for distortion in insulin gene sharing in a sample comparable to that of GAW5. |
| 57 | 2545735 | To elucidate the possible role of viruses and cytokines in the pathogenesis of IDDM, we have examined the effect of reovirus infection on beta cell major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and the effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on beta cell function in vitro. |
| 58 | 2761414 | To assess the effect of experimentally induced insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on total body lipid composition, homogenates of neonatal (0-day) and 6-day Sprague-Dawley rat pups treated on day 0 with 65 mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin (STZ) or citrate buffer alone were compared using thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques. |
| 59 | 2680233 | It is concluded that endogenous insulin secretion (assessed by C-peptide concentration) is relatively unimportant in modifying HDL metabolism in IDDM and that associated clinical features, in particular ambient hypertriglyceridaemia, are of greater importance. |
| 60 | 2801776 | These results suggest that thyroid autoimmunity in IDDM is part of the IDDM "syndrome" and is associated with DR3 and DR4 to the same extent that IDDM without thyroid disease is associated with these two antigens. |
| 61 | 2573554 | Seven nondiabetic and seven IDDM subjects were studied with the pancreatic clamp technique to control plasma insulin, growth hormone, and glucagon concentrations at the desired levels. |
| 62 | 2573554 | We conclude that adipose tissue lipolysis is normally exquisitely sensitive to insulin and that sensitivity, but not responsiveness to insulin, is impaired in poorly controlled IDDM. |
| 63 | 2687162 | Significantly higher mean basal levels of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase activity were associated with HLA-DQA 4.6 phenotype (determined using the restriction enzyme Taq 1 and a DQA probe) and HLA-DR3 (determined serologically), whereas significantly lower mean levels of enzyme activity were associated with HLA-DQA 5.5 and HLA-DR7, in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 64 | 2606746 | In Caucasoids HLA-DQB1 genes encoding amino acids other than aspartic acid at position 57 of the DQ beta chain (non-Asp-57) are associated with susceptibility to develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), while resistance is associated with aspartic acid at this residue (Asp-57). |
| 65 | 2617513 | We have examined 14 Japanese IDDM patients, selected to be either DR4 or DRw9 (associated to IDDM among Japanese). |
| 66 | 2692874 | The fructosamine assay may be altered by moderately lipaemic serum but is not affected by serum albumin concentration in normoalbuminaemic patients with IDDM. |
| 67 | 2517027 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, type I) is an autoimmune disorder exhibiting a strong association with particular haplotypes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 68 | 2577113 | This tight linkage of TNF-alpha alleles with extended haplotypes and the significant increase of heterozygotes in patients could lead to some explanation of the DR3 association with a variety of autoimmune diseases particularly IDDM. |
| 69 | 2629160 | In comparison to IDDM that is associated with both DR3 and DR4 in this population, MRDM showed no significant differences in HLA class II antigens frequencies. |
| 70 | 2642174 | C4 phenotype frequencies showed a significant increase of the C4AQ0 (rr = 2.13) and C4A4 (rr = 2.91) phenotypes for the Caucasian IDDM patients as compared to controls, but the frequency of homozygous null C4A was not significantly increased. |
| 71 | 2642174 | In addition significant negative associations of IDDM with C4A3 and C4A6 phenotypes and no association with any C4B phenotype were observed in our Caucasian patient population. |
| 72 | 2642174 | The data support a possible association of IDDM with the C4A2 (rr = 5.86) and C4B2 (rr = 5.26) phenotypes. |
| 73 | 1967178 | However, insulin infusion at doses that normalized the portal insulin concentration (approximately 208 pmol/L) together with glucagon replacement inhibited the rise in glucose production in both normal and IDDM subjects. |
| 74 | 2491643 | Thus, patients with IDDM of recent onset and diagnosed within the last three years more frequently responded to insulin by proliferation and less often had HLA-DR3 than patients with IDDM of long duration and diagnosed about 20-25 years earlier. |
| 75 | 1971774 | These results indicate that glucose and insulin may play a role in the regulation of GHRH release following a mixed meal but circulating levels of GHRH and SMS are unlikely to be relevant to the abnormal regulation of GH in IDDM. |
| 76 | 2333960 | In conclusion, 1) at rest, myocardial lactate and amino acid uptake is markedly impaired in IDDM without coronary artery disease, and 2) the metabolic abnormalities of the diabetic myocardium are not a primary phenomenon but rather a consequence of hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia because insulin administration, resulting in euglycemia, restored normal patterns of cardiac metabolism. |
| 77 | 1693451 | The aim of this study was to evaluate the balance between thrombin and plasmin activity in a group of 79 diabetic patients (IDDM and NIDDM). |
| 78 | 2189884 | Results of the application of this protocol in IDDM were consistent with previous observations that insulin sensitivity is reduced in poorly controlled IDDM and normalized in well controlled patients. |
| 79 | 2190782 | Immunoglobulin fractions negative for ICSA either from four patients with recently diagnosed IDDM or from four newly diagnosed NIDDM patients had only negligible effect on insulin release after stimulation with glucose. |
| 80 | 2115989 | However, apolipoprotein changes of LpA-I/A-II may possibly be related to the accelerated atherosclerotic processes noted in patients with IDDM. |
| 81 | 2197139 | These results suggest that prophylactic insulin therapy to prevent IDDM in humans should be considered for clinical trials. |
| 82 | 1696864 | However, the percentage of CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cells were decreased and CD4+ CDw29+ helper/inducer T cells increased in all patients with IDDM, compared with healthy controls. |
| 83 | 1696864 | Thus, IDDM patients exhibit a deficiency in the CD4+ CD45R+ suppressor/inducer T cell subsets, which is probably related to the autoimmune phenomenon in this disease. |
| 84 | 2384193 | Although DR3 and DR4 were positively associated with IDDM in the probands of 123 northern European, 94 Ashkenazi Jewish, and 49 New York Hispanic families, significant excess of DR*3/4 heterozygotes was observed only among the probands from families of northern European ancestry. |
| 85 | 1698582 | To investigate the target antigen(s) recognized during the autoimmune process in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we produced human monoclonal antibodies by Epstein-Barr virus transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a large number (n = 50) of newly diagnosed IDDM patients. |
| 86 | 2210059 | The effect of insulin on plasma amino acid concentrations and leucine metabolism was examined in 18 healthy nondiabetic young volunteers and in 7 subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) with the euglycemic insulin-clamp technique (40 mU.m-2.min-1) in combination with [1-14C]leucine. |
| 87 | 1980258 | The effect of cyclic somatostatin on circulating insulin levels was studied in eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 88 | 2274434 | In 35 patients (13F/22M; age range 2-15 years), affected by insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), basal and glucagon stimulated C peptide was determined and correlated with the daily insulin requirement (U/Kg/die), the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the age of onset (months) and the length of the illness (months). |
| 89 | 1981060 | A certain HLA-DQA2 locus TaqI fragment, DX alpha"U", has been reported to be associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 90 | 2076025 | Serum levels of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHBA), acetoacetate (AcAc) and 3-OHBA/AcAc ratio before breakfast were significantly increased in insulin-treated NIDDM patients with well-controlled fasting plasma glucose levels and IDDM patients compared to those in normal subjects. |
| 91 | 1710739 | The central, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue in IDDM is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and the above lipoprotein abnormalities. |
| 92 | 1965148 | Also incompletely explained are the observations that, unlike other autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, IDDM does not preferentially affect females, the incidence of the disease is highest among young adults, and there are temporal correlations between the onset of the disease and emotional trauma. |
| 93 | 2086453 | It has been postulated that one of the factors causing immune-mediated pancreatic beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is interleukin-1 (IL-1). |
| 94 | 2091054 | Lactation in IDDM women may be influenced by hyper- or hypoglycemia as women balance their insulin needs. |
| 95 | 2096182 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several DR3- or DR4-containing ancestral haplotypes (AHs). |
| 96 | 2096182 | The MHC contains several regions of potential interest in relation to susceptibility to IDDM; these may explain the association with only certain DR3- and DR4-carrying AH and DR3,4 heterozygosity in terms of cis and trans interactions. |
| 97 | 2151228 | We evaluated whether urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain (NC1) of Type IV collagen is associated with glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 98 | 1988772 | This observation suggests an impaired tissue AA storage in adults with IDDM and supports the theory that intracellular scurvy contributes to the chronic degenerative complications of the disease. |
| 99 | 1899653 | All but 2 of the 12 insulin-dependent diabetic eyes (IDDM), however, had reduced levels of retinal tPA immunoreactivity which was most pronounced in their peripheral retinas. |
| 100 | 1996407 | Furthermore, the Mo IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha secretions of IDDM patients were significantly higher than the Mo secretions of TNF-beta genotype-matched healthy controls. |
| 101 | 1672728 | Both splits also distinguish each of the two DR3-bearing extended haplotypes (HLA-B8,SCO1,DR3,DQw2,Dw24 and B18,F1C30,DR3,DQw2,Dw25) found associated to several autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and myasthenia gravis. |
| 102 | 1902177 | A CD4+ T cell clone, IS-3S7D, proliferates in response to islet antigen(s) and its transfer into prediabetic NOD mice promotes the rapid onset of IDDM. |
| 103 | 1902426 | To elucidate the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor (ponalrestat) on kidney function in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 20 normoalbuminuric IDDM patients were randomized to follow either 6 mo of treatment with ponalrestat (n = 11, mean +/- SD age 30 +/- 8 yr, diabetes duration 10 +/- 6 yr) or 6 mo of placebo (age 33 +/- 7 yr, diabetes duration 12 +/- 6 yr). |
| 104 | 1902426 | Thus, inhibition of aldose reductase may reduce the characteristic hyperfiltration in uncomplicated IDDM. |
| 105 | 2039509 | These results which suggest that different isomeric forms of human GAD exist in brain and pancreas may be relevant to the pathogenesis of stiff man syndrome (SMS) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), respectively, two distinct but associated clinical disorders in which GAD is the target of autoantibodies. |
| 106 | 2040396 | To determine whether altered levels of apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the plasminogenlike glycoprotein of the potentially atherogenic lipoprotein(a); contribute to the increased risk of atherosclerosis, apo(a) levels were measured in 107 patients with IDDM and compared with nondiabetic control subjects and male elective coronary artery graft patients. |
| 107 | 2060427 | The goal of this study was to assess whether children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have decreased catecholamine responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia as has been reported in adults and to explore the pathogenesis of the decreased response in terms of possible relationships to autonomic neuropathy or hyperinsulinism. |
| 108 | 2060438 | CETP activity is increased in cigarette-smoking IDDM men with microvascular complications. |
| 109 | 1677834 | The percentages of CD4+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells described as naive T helper cells or suppressor/inducers were increased in the IDDM patients (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.05. |
| 110 | 1677834 | The percentage of CD8+CD11b+ cells containing suppressor/effector lymphocytes was decreased in the IDDM patients as compared with the controls (P less than 0.01) but no significant difference was seen in total CD8+ cells. |
| 111 | 1857052 | In 73 healthy (group I) and 32 children and juveniles with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, group II) urinary albumin excretion is determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). |
| 112 | 1908143 | An increase of DRB1 alleles encoding DR4 was found among IDDM patients, but the distribution of DR4 subtypes did not differ among DR4-positive IDDM patients and controls. |
| 113 | 1651732 | The activity of serum paraoxonase, an enzyme located on high-density lipoprotein, has been investigated in familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 114 | 1651732 | Increases in total serum cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were present in both FH and IDDM compared to healthy controls and in the patients with IDDM, serum triglycerides were also raised. |
| 115 | 1679291 | We have previously reported interactions between HLA, Gm (particularly G2m(23)), and IDDM and postulate that the TCRB-Gm-IDDM and HLA-Gm-IDDM interaction effects may be functionally related. |
| 116 | 1909135 | These data strongly suggest a role for IFN gamma during the autoimmune process leading to beta cell destruction in diabetes and prompt further investigation of the use of such antibodies in the immunoprevention of IDDM. |
| 117 | 1909136 | In insulin dependent diabetes mellitis (IDDM) beta cell destruction is associated with infiltration of the pancreatic islets by T lymphocytes and macrophages. |
| 118 | 1909861 | There is no convincing evidence that genes in the T cell receptor beta chain (TCRB) or alpha chain (TCRA) regions influence predisposition to IDDM, either directly, or indirectly through interaction with HLA region genes. |
| 119 | 1909861 | However, we present new evidence for interaction between TCRB and immunoglobulin heavy chain (Gm) region genes in IDDM: diabetics who are positive for the IgG2 allotype G2m(23) have significantly different frequencies of a TCRB restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) than those who are negative for the allotype. |
| 120 | 1909861 | The biological mechanisms underlying the direct (HLA, INS) and indirect (Gm-TCRB, Gm-HLA, Gm-INS) effects of these genetic regions on IDDM susceptibility remain to be elucidated. |
| 121 | 1656517 | Significant increases in platelet and PBMC membrane eicosapentaenoic acid was found in omega-3-PUFA-treated individuals. omega-3-PUFA treatment significantly reduced the content of IL-1 beta in lysates of PBMC, but did not affect PBMC or Mo secretion of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) or PBMC leukotriene B4 (LTB4) secretion in healthy subjects or in IDDM patients. |
| 122 | 1914257 | We have previously reported that T cells from the majority of patients with IDDM produced decreased levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) following activation with phytohemagglutinin. |
| 123 | 1924335 | The expressed rat islet 67-kDa GAD protein is functional and is immunoprecipitated by IDDM sera; it comigrates electrophoretically with the 67-kDa islet autoantigen. |
| 124 | 1718800 | We measured the percentages of B lymphocytes that expressed the CD5 determinant in 93 control subjects (age range 1 day to 59 yr, mean +/- 22.6 +/- 17.7 yr), 17 subjects with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; range 5-29 yr, mean +/- SD 13 +/- 5.9 yr), 31 high-risk islet cell antibody (ICA)-positive nondiabetic subjects (range 4-45 yr, mean +/- SD 19.8 +/- 14.1 yr), and 13 subjects with IDDM of greater than 5 yr duration (range 10-43 yr, mean +/- SD 24.2 +/- 9.9 yr). |
| 125 | 1933958 | In conclusion: at rest, myocardial lactate and aminoacids uptake is markedly impaired in IDDM without coronary artery disease; the metabolic abnormalities of the diabetic myocardium is not a primary phenomenon but rather a consequence of hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia because insulin administration, resulting in normoglycemia, restored normal patterns of cardiac metabolism. |
| 126 | 1934594 | In the present study we have measured IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) (using both immunoassays and bioassays) in sera from 50 patients affected by IDDM at the time of clinical diagnosis and 51 age and sex matched controls. |
| 127 | 1659172 | These results suggest that in IDDM patients, HCHF diets enhance peripheral glucose disposal, decrease basal insulin requirements, and lower total cholesterol without altering glycemic control or triglycerides. |
| 128 | 1747949 | The results indicate that the inhibition by OK-432 treatment of IDDM in NOD mice was partially mediated by serum factors including endogenous TNF. |
| 129 | 1959476 | In general, individuals with IDDM who are untreated or inadequately treated have elevations in both postprandial and fasting triglyceride levels in association with reduced activity of lipoprotein lipase. |
| 130 | 1961115 | To test the hypothesis that specific combinations of HLA and insulin gene polymorphism alleles may interact in providing susceptibility for IDDM, HLA-DR and 5' insulin gene insertion size have been determined in 300 individuals with IDDM. |
| 131 | 1758149 | In 73 healthy (group I) and 32 children and juveniles with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM, group II) urinary albumin excretion is determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and kinetic nephelometry. |
| 132 | 1770018 | Supine and ambulant plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone were measured in ten IDDM patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), in ten IDDM patients with elevated GFR and in ten nondiabetic controls. |
| 133 | 1685705 | Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone levels decreased during volume expansion in both IDDM and control subjects. |
| 134 | 1686679 | Recently, the association of DR and DQ with IDDM has been reported, but the role of HLA-DP genes remains uncertain. |
| 135 | 1686679 | There was no appreciable association between IDDM and the DPB1 allele in Japanese. |
| 136 | 1774018 | Plasma levels of free insulin were almost identical during the two experiments indicating that insulin clearance is not influenced by hypoglycemia in patients with IDDM. |
| 137 | 1777977 | Serum IgA concentration was negatively correlated with serum albumin, and among IDDM patients was positively correlated with age (so that the prevalence of abnormal IgA was 57.7% among IDDM patients aged over 30 years). |
| 138 | 1688068 | Some alleles of the HLA-DQB1 and DQA1 loci are preferentially associated with susceptibility to type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 139 | 1726900 | We investigated thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) degradation in terms of half-life (t1/2) and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) in eight subjects with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) before and after strict metabolic control. |
| 140 | 1726900 | These findings demonstrate that a) the degradation of exogenous TRH is not dependent on the glucose metabolic state, b) insulin deficient diabetes mellitus does not affect the enzymatic system responsible for TRH degradation and, c) the hypothalamic-pituitary axis appears to be intact in IDDM. |
| 141 | 1727733 | In poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), hyperglycemia fails to inhibit the pituitary response to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). |
| 142 | 1541051 | We have recently reported that chronic and systemic administration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibits development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice and BB rats, animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 143 | 1348845 | In the patients with IDDM, normoglycemic-clamp studies were performed during the infusions of GLIP and saline to determine the effect of GLIP on insulin sensitivity. |
| 144 | 1547673 | A long-acting zinc human insulin injected before the evening meal can help to control persistent fasting hyperglycemia in IDDM patients. |
| 145 | 1547815 | In a previous study we established that interleukin 2 receptor (IL 2R)-bearing cells propagated from pre-diabetic NOD mice promote IDDM. |
| 146 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 147 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 148 | 1568530 | We conclude that IDDM is associated with low GHBP levels and that GH resistance found in this disorder may be mediated, at least in part, by a decrease in GH receptor levels. |
| 149 | 1569156 | To investigate the molecular mechanisms for this insulin resistance, we examined the expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4, glucose transporter genes in vastus lateralis muscle from 20 IDDM subjects and 10 nondiabetic controls. |
| 150 | 1569156 | Fasting free plasma insulin levels were similar in control and IDDM subjects but hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels were significantly higher in IDDM subjects. |
| 151 | 1569156 | In IDDM subjects, GLUT1 mRNA levels correlated positively with HbA1c whereas GLUT4 mRNA levels correlated negatively with fasting plasma glucose but not with HbA1c. |
| 152 | 1315991 | Guanine-nucleotide stimulated PIP2-specific PLC activity was decreased in the IDDM platelets. |
| 153 | 1579999 | Dietary regulation in IDDM is thus a compensation for the defective synchronization of variations in the plasma levels of glucose and insulin in the present day forms of insulin therapy. |
| 154 | 1581467 | Previous studies have determined that daily low dose injections of the potent cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) decreased the frequency of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in diabetes-prone (DP) BB rats. |
| 155 | 1581467 | In this study we tested whether the effects of daily human recombinant IL-1 beta injections on leukocyte subsets were associated with its modulation of IDDM onset in BB rats. |
| 156 | 1581467 | Prior to the onset of IDDM in DP BB rats, high dose IL-1 beta induced leukocytosis (P less than 0.05), neutrophilia (P less than 0.01), and monocytosis (P less than 0.001). |
| 157 | 1581467 | In 60-day-old diabetes-resistant (DR) BB rats, neurophilia was induced by both low (P less than 0.05) and high (P less than 0.001) dose IL-1 beta without the development of IDDM. |
| 158 | 1351854 | To investigate a potential association of an HSP70-2 gene polymorphism with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we analyzed restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) of this gene in 29 families with one or more member affected by IDDM. |
| 159 | 1592439 | These data show for the first time that IL-1 and IL-6 secretion by an insulinoma cell line may occur after viral infection and suggest that cytokine release and increased expression of HLA molecules by beta cells may act to induce the immune response towards beta cells in IDDM. |
| 160 | 1612068 | With more physiologic insulin replacement and more accurate glucose monitoring, it was believed that very strict glycemic control of IDDM could be achieved without increasing the risks of hypoglycemia. |
| 161 | 1612192 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with antibodies to a 64,000-M(r) islet cell protein, at least part of which is identified as glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). |
| 162 | 1612192 | We determined the frequencies of antibodies to intact GAD, tryptic fragments of islet 64,000-M(r) antigen, islet cell antibodies (ICAs), and insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) in sera from 58 nondiabetic identical twins of patients with IDDM, of whom 12 subsequently developed diabetes. |
| 163 | 1356098 | The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains multiple and diverse genes which may be relevant to the induction and regulation of autoimmune responses in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 164 | 1356098 | These findings suggest that both HLA and non-HLA genes are involved in conferring susceptibility to IDDM, and that the region between HLA-B and BAT3 contains some of the relevant genes. |
| 165 | 1513088 | Anionic sites were slightly reduced (19.6 +/- 1.3, P less than 0.04) in the LRE of IDDM patients with normal urinary albumin excretion rates (UAE), or microalbuminuria, and were reduced in both the LRE and LRI of IDDM patients with clinical proteinuria (13.1 +/- 2.3, P less than 0.001 and 8.9 +/- 2.1, P less than 0.001, respectively). |
| 166 | 1516482 | To assess whether proinsulin levels are elevated in first-degree relatives of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients and whether there is a relationship between proinsulin levels and the occurrence of immunological markers. |
| 167 | 1516889 | Somatostatin inhibits GH in acromegalics and healthy subjects although data on its inhibitory effects on high GH levels in IDDM patients are controversial. |
| 168 | 1520483 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease and susceptibility to both IDDM and IgA deficiency is associated with HLA DQB1 alleles encoding non-Asp amino acids at position 57. |
| 169 | 1395129 | Treatment of BB rats with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been reported to prevent the development of IDDM. |
| 170 | 1401944 | We conclude: (1) subjects with thyroid disease and first degree relatives of IDDM patients frequently have high non-specific binding for IAA in an RIA not employing a cold displacement step, (2) in some newly diagnosed IDDM patients and first degree relatives of IDDM patients, IAA may be missed by an assay not optimized to measure specific binding, and (3) displacement with cold insulin increases both the specificity and sensitivity of RIAs measuring insulin autoantibodies. |
| 171 | 1409709 | Brain GAD activity was precipitated by noninhibitory antibodies in the sera of 16/26 (62%) subjects defined as having preclinical IDDM (islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of a person with IDDM), 3/13 (23%) with recent-onset IDDM, and 3/3 with the stiff man syndrome. |
| 172 | 1409709 | Thus, overall, 21/26 (81%) preclinical and 5/13 (38%) recent-onset IDDM subjects had antibodies that precipitated GAD activity. |
| 173 | 1409709 | GAD affinity-purified to homogeneity (specific activity, 58 units/mg) was specifically immunoprecipitated as a single 60-kDa species by the IDDM sera. |
| 174 | 1330463 | These data show that S-ACE activity is elevated in IDDM patients with nephropathy-proteinuria and/or with retinopathy and the circulating renin may not represent the renal renin-angiotensin vascular system. |
| 175 | 1425097 | Insulin requirements from the 36th wk of gestation commonly decreased in women with IDDM, associated with longer duration of diabetes but did not carry any adverse prognostic indication for the infants. |
| 176 | 1442030 | This patient is the first case in Japan of Marfan syndrome associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, although the relation between Marfan syndrome and IDDM remains unclear. |
| 177 | 1464667 | Recent data suggest that the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) may be a primary beta-cell antigen involved in the autoimmune response leading to insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 178 | 10122648 | CSII may be a viable alternative to multiple daily injections for maintaining glycemic control in patients with IDDM who require intensive insulin therapy. |
| 179 | 1485949 | The DQ molecules involved in IDDM susceptibility or protection may exert their function either during thymic development of potential self-reactive CD4+ T cells, or by preferential presentation of certain beta-cell derived peptides to CD4+ T cells, or both. |
| 180 | 1488624 | Blood glycated haemoglobin (HbAlc), serum fructosamine (FA), serum glycated albumin (GA), and serum glycated total protein (GTP) were determined in 61 subjects (19 pregnant women with gestational diabetes, 24 pregnant women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus [IDDM] and 18 nonpregnant subjects with IDDM). |
| 181 | 1489487 | The majority of the 64 kDa protein was co-precipitated with GAD enzymatic activity from pro-islets by either IDDM sera or a sheep anti-GAD serum. |
| 182 | 1300236 | Genetic control of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is mainly dependent on HLA genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). |
| 183 | 8421083 | To elucidate, whether reduced peripheral action of GH contributes to this phenomenon, GH-binding protein (GH-BP) activity was measured in 117 children and adolescents with IDDM (mean age 14.6 yr, range 4.5-28 yr) and 132 healthy controls (13.1 yr, 6.3-26 yr). |
| 184 | 8421083 | In contrast, in IDDM children, GH-BP was reduced despite a moderate degree of overweight (z-score for weight: +0.94 +/- 0.12; mean +/- SE). |
| 185 | 8421083 | Reduced serum GH-BP activity in IDDM children is further accentuated when compared to healthy children with a similar degree of overweight (22.8 +/- 0.5%; n = 44). |
| 186 | 8447318 | This finding suggests that the insulin gene region contains a gene or genes contributing to IDDM susceptibility. |
| 187 | 8453825 | We examined the plasma protein binding of an acidic drug (warfarin bound to albumin) and a basic drug [lidocaine (lignocaine) bound to alpha 1-acid glycoprotein] in 15 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 matched controls. |
| 188 | 7683739 | Subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) showed a similar dose-response pattern, suggesting that insulin regulation of IGFBP-1 may be normal in IDDM. |
| 189 | 8317389 | Early breast-feeding activity, increased breast-feeding frequency, and good glycemic control enhance prolactin secretion and should be promoted during lactation in women with IDDM. |
| 190 | 8317480 | The association between HLA-DR and -DQ and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in a defined high-incidence area was analyzed in a total of 58 population-based patients, representing 77% of IDDM patients with age at onset below 16 years, and in 92 unrelated parents in control families without IDDM. |
| 191 | 8318452 | The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse spontaneously develops a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, sharing many features with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), leading to insulin-secreting beta cell destruction. |
| 192 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 193 | 8216350 | The effect of the adenosine deaminase (ADA) inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (dCF) on the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was assessed in the BB Wistar rat. |
| 194 | 8218929 | We argue that IL-1 potentiated by other cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma) is an important effector molecule involved in both early and late events in the immune-mediated process that leads to beta-cell destruction and IDDM. |
| 195 | 8218929 | We suggest that the selectivity of beta-cell destruction in IDDM may be conferred on several levels: (1) homing of beta-cell antigen specific T cells, (2) targeted delivery of cytokines by lymphocytic and monocytic cells beta-cells, (3) high molar excesses of IL-1ra over IL-1 needed to prevent IL-1 mediated beta-cell toxicity, (4) increased beta-cell sensitivity to free nitric oxide and oxygen radical formation induced by IL-1 and (5) inadequate oxidative stress response by beta-cells to cytokines. |
| 196 | 8218929 | Further studies are needed to establish the in vivo role of an imbalance between the amounts of IL-1 and IL-1ra produced relative to their action in the pathogenesis of IDDM. |
| 197 | 8240789 | It is concluded that the gradual increase in IL-1 beta and TNF alpha plasma levels may reflect an ongoing autoimmune inflammatory reaction at the onset of IDDM. |
| 198 | 8242903 | These results indicate that treatment with LT, as well as TNF, modulated autoimmunity and prevented development of IDDM in BB/Wor rats which may be low producers of TNF/LT. |
| 199 | 8248212 | These data provide new limits for IDDM susceptibility to the 190-kb interval between TAP1 and HLA-DQB1. |
| 200 | 8301157 | However, we have previously reported that in outbred ICR Swiss and inbred BALB/cByJ mice, interference by EMCV-B with the development of IDDM in response to infection with EMCV-D does not appear to involve IFN. |
| 201 | 8314199 | In the present study, it was investigated whether the amorphous zinc insulin Semilente can be used to control fasting hyperglycemia in IDDM patients. |
| 202 | 7521339 | In healthy subjects and IDDM patients, mean GH levels did not change significantly, whereas mean IGF-I concentrations decreased slightly at 30 min. |
| 203 | 8077324 | The aim of the present study was to determine if differing concentrations of insulin can modify the counterregulatory response to equivalent fixed hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent-diabetic subjects (IDDM). |
| 204 | 8138185 | To determine whether alteration in serum antioxidant status is related to the increased oxidative stress as a cause of diabetic angiopathy, we measured both the antioxidant activity (AOA) and total peroxyl radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and their component individual antioxidants in serum of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 205 | 7505244 | Two of four SMS patients' sera and 5 of 5 APS I patients' sera, in contrast to 0 of 7 IDDM patients' sera, inhibited the enzymatic activity of GAD. |
| 206 | 7607336 | Current evidence, however, indicates that the MHC susceptibility to IDDM is determined by a combination of HLA class I, II and III genes contained on HLA haplotypes. |
| 207 | 8306503 | Sera from both groups of IDDM patients and from healthy siblings exhibited soluble CD8 mean levels significantly higher than controls (P = 0.0001, P < 0.003, P < 0.03 respectively). |
| 208 | 11271269 | The long-term effect of pancreatic and kidney transplantation (spkt) on blood viscosity, lipid metabolism and skin microcirculation in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was studied because impaired rheological properties of blood may play a role in the development of diabetic micro- and macroangiopathy. 46 IDDM-patients (16 f/30 m; 23 +/- 34 y mean duration of diabetes; 60 +/- 14 mos mean follow up period) underwent spkt (Gr.I: n = 28) or solitary kidney (Gr.II: n = 18) transplantation, and were compared with healthy controls (C). |
| 209 | 8112191 | Furthermore, triglyceride:apoB ratio in VLDL and cholesterol:apoB ratio in LDL significantly decreased in IDDM patients treated by intraperitoneal insulin. |
| 210 | 7512990 | Antibodies specific for ICAM-1 had little effect on the onset or incidence of IDDM. |
| 211 | 8157715 | IDDM susceptibility in IDDM/ATD families was negatively associated with the presence of DQB1*0602 [relative risk (RR) = 0.038; P = 0.0001; corrected P (Pc) = 0.0005] and *0301 (RR = 0.3; P = 0.002; Pc = 0.01) and positively associated with the presence of DQB1*0201 (RR = 3.4; P = 0.0007; Pc = 0.0035) and *0302 (RR = 5; P = 0.0001; Pc = 0.0005), regardless of ATD. |
| 212 | 8167387 | In an observational study, a cohort of 122 patients with IDDM was followed prospectively for changes in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1, normal < 8%) and in DR 0-12 months after institution of IGC. |
| 213 | 8177047 | The IGF-I dose-response curve was similar for CMCs of control and IDDM individuals, but both the basal and maximal response to IGF-I were lower in the diabetic group (P < .01). |
| 214 | 8187319 | It has been proposed that low IGF-I levels and reduced IGF-I bioactivity may lead to elevated GH levels in adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 215 | 8187319 | We have therefore studied the effects of human recombinant insulin-like growth factor I (rhIGF-I) administration on GH levels and GH secretion in adolescents with IDDM. |
| 216 | 8187319 | In late pubertal adolescents with IDDM the rise in IGF-I levels following rhIGF-I administration in a subcutaneous dose of 40 micrograms/kg body weight leads to a significant reduction in GH levels and GH secretory rate. |
| 217 | 8194671 | IDDM affects sBP, HDL cholesterol, fibrinogen, and factor VII, but only sBP and fibrinogen are affected adversely. |
| 218 | 7911918 | Thus, naturally circulating ICAM-1 may downregulate inflammation in subjects at risk of developing IDDM. |
| 219 | 7911924 | T lymphocytes from IDDM patients recognise a distinct dominant epitope of GAD, which may be an important target for the disease process. |
| 220 | 7912208 | None had whole islet ICA or antibodies to the non-GAD-derived 37k islet antigen, which appear to be more closely associated with IDDM than antibodies to GAD. |
| 221 | 7519242 | All SMS patients immunoprecipitated native GAD65 and the main titers were orders of magnitude higher than in IDDM patients. |
| 222 | 7519242 | Furthermore, in contrast to the situation in IDDM, autoantibodies in 35 of 35 (100%) of SMS patients recognized denatured GAD65 on Western blots. |
| 223 | 7519242 | The greater magnitude and distinct specificity of the humoral response to GAD65 in SMS may reflect a biased involvement of the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) subset of CD4+ T cells and antibody responses, whereas IDDM is likely mediated by the Th1 subset of CD4+ T cells and cytotoxic T cell responses. |
| 224 | 8039433 | No specific abnormalities of the insulin receptor kinase activity were revealed in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) or in common NIDDM. |
| 225 | 8056185 | These results suggest that in recent onset IDDM, IL-2 receptor-positive circulating T cells require an IL-2 supply. |
| 226 | 8056188 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with class II molecules of the MHC on chromosome 6, in particular HLA-DR and -DQ alleles, but a pathogenic role for TNF-alpha in the class III region of the MHC has also been implied. |
| 227 | 7523207 | The immunoreactivity of the mouse and IDDM sera to P2-C and GAD65 peptides was blocked by pre-adsorption with mouse GAD. |
| 228 | 7523562 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during puberty is associated with a reduction in circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and low IGF bioactivity. |
| 229 | 7922255 | Randomized controlled trials in normotensive IDDM and NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors diminish urinary albumin excretion rate and postpone or may even prevent progression to clinically overt diabetic nephropathy. |
| 230 | 7924776 | These results demonstrate that insulin-induced hypoglycemia increases muscle sympathetic neural outflow in IDDM and control subjects. |
| 231 | 7924880 | In one of the subjects, a girl, the titers of ICA increased in parallel with a decrease in insulin secretion before the development of overt IDDM and declined thereafter. |
| 232 | 8091976 | Inadequate blood sugar control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sometimes results in low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and sluggish height growth. |
| 233 | 8091976 | We have determined GHBP activity in two cases of poorly controlled IDDM with low height velocity in relation to metabolic control in order to determine the mechanism of resistance to GH in this condition, as indicated by low levels of GH-dependent growth factor IGF-I in the face of high serum GH levels. |
| 234 | 8091976 | GHBP activity was within the normal range in two cases of IDDM with slow height velocity, low IGF-I and high hemoglobin-A1. |
| 235 | 7826593 | Similarly, pituitary function as assessed by basal gonadotrophins and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated gonadotrophin release appears to be normal in young women with IDDM. |
| 236 | 7833679 | In further similar studies, CD8+ cells from patients with Graves' disease (GD) are induced normally in response to glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65), the putative beta cell antigen important in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), but significantly less to synthetic TSH receptor (TSHR). |
| 237 | 7833679 | Conversely, CD8+ cells from patients with IDDM are activated normally in response to TSHR, but significantly less to GAD-65. |
| 238 | 7840858 | ICA69 is a recently cloned pancreatic islet protein proposed as a potential target of autoimmunity in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 239 | 7840858 | Binding to affinity purified recombinant ICA69 on Western blots was found in 33/48 (68%) sera from newly-diagnosed IDDM patients and in 36/56 (64%) controls. |
| 240 | 7841749 | Half a year after transplantation TII group remained stable for the requirement of insulin, whereas the control group gradually increased the dose of insulin. (1) Islet transplantation could adjust the immunological disorder in IDDM patients, increase the numbers of T lymphocyte subset such as CD2, CD4, CD8 while the chronic immuno-rejective response occurred. (2) T II inhibited both the numbers and function of T lymphocyte subpopulation and normalized the ratio of CD4/CD8. (3) TII prolonged the survival time of grafts in IDDM patients and suppressed immunological rejection. |
| 241 | 7534144 | However, the IGFBP-1 levels were increased in these IDDM subjects despite a peripheral hyperinsulinemia. |
| 242 | 7695875 | IDDM is characterized by progressive beta-cell destruction which leads to complete insulin deficiency; at the time of diagnosis 80-90% of beta cells have been destroyed. |
| 243 | 7888043 | Significant inhibition of GAD enzymatic activity by serum immunoglobulins, a potential cause of false-negative results in our immunoprecipitation assay, was not detected in seven subjects who developed IDDM in the absence of GADAb. |
| 244 | 7889411 | By contrast, induction of an anti-self (anti-viral) CD8+ CTL response to the same virus later in life caused IDDM (incidence < 90%) in both transgenic lines, although the kinetics and requirements for CD4 help, the affinity and avidity of CD8+ CTL differed in each line. |
| 245 | 7889411 | CD4+ T cells played no detectable role, since their depletion failed to alter either the kinetics or incidence of IDDM. |
| 246 | 9098456 | The segregation of these alleles has been associated with levels of TNF alpha or TNF beta production in systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in healthy control individuals. |
| 247 | 7532143 | However, the IDDM epitopes have been difficult to further define because the antibodies do not bind GAD protein fragments or synthetic peptides. |
| 248 | 7532143 | Since the GAD67 isoform is highly homologous to GAD65 but is usually not a target of the GAD autoantibodies in IDDM sera, we created six GAD65/GAD67 chimeric proteins to maintain the overall GAD protein conformation and used these chimeric proteins to map conformation-dependent epitopes of GAD65 targeted by IDDM sera. |
| 249 | 7532143 | We find that the GAD binding present in most IDDM sera (n = 11 of 12) is composed of two distinct GAD antibody specificities that target different conformation-dependent regions of the GAD65 protein, one that is located between amino acids 240 and 435 (termed IDDM-E1) and one that is located between amino acids 451 and 570 (termed IDDM-E2). |
| 250 | 7813818 | We studied tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) activity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients without macro-or microvascular complications, before and after intravenous administration of heparin, in comparison with age-matched control subjects. |
| 251 | 7836934 | Administration of interleukin 12 (IL-12), a key cytokine which guides the development of T helper type 1 (Th1) CD4+ T cells, induces rapid onset of IDDM in NOD, but not in BALB/c mice. |
| 252 | 7535669 | These data confirm that subjects with IDDM have reduced serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and increased IGFBP-1 levels, the latter being directly related to the fasting plasma glucose concentrations. |
| 253 | 7535669 | The absence of any relation between changes in the IGF-I system and altered GH neuroregulation after cholinergic modulation suggests that changes in IGF-I are not the sole contributors to the altered GH neuroregulation which occurs in IDDM. |
| 254 | 7535669 | We have also shown an acute stimulatory effect of pirenzepine on serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in normal subjects which is not present in IDDM although the underlying mechanisms is unknown. |
| 255 | 7536171 | Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) has been suggested to mediate beta-cell destruction in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) by inducing nitric oxide production. |
| 256 | 7536202 | In conclusion; 1) IDDM is associated with alterations of the IGF-IGFBP system, which are partially accounted for by differences in metabolic control and pubertal status; 2) the lower plasma concentrations of serum IGF-I may play a role in the pathogenesis of growth impairment of poorly controlled prepubertal, but not pubertal, children and adolescents with IDDM; and 3) in addition, a potential role of the altered IGF-IGFBP system for the development of diabetic late complications is hypothesized. |
| 257 | 7708068 | The risk of microalbuminuria in patients with IDDM increases abruptly above a hemoglobin A1 value of 10.1 percent (equivalent to a hemoglobin A1c value of 8.1 percent), suggesting that efforts to reduce the frequency of diabetic nephropathy should be focused on reducing hemoglobin A1 values that are above this threshold. |
| 258 | 7714089 | In adolescents (n = 104) treated for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), serum IGF-I (-19%), osteocalcin (-28%), and skeletal ALP (-28%) were markedly decreased, whereas total ALP was significantly increased (29%), and serum PICP remained normal. |
| 259 | 7714089 | In adult IDDM (n = 125), both serum IGF-I (-41%) and osteocalcin (-24%) were decreased, but skeletal ALP and PICP remained normal. |
| 260 | 7714099 | The CD4+ T lymphocytes from hyper GD group were significantly more activated by TSHR peptides compared to eu GD, HT, IDDM, and N, and this induction correlated to their thyroid hormone levels. |
| 261 | 7714099 | Quite differently, the activation of CD8+ T lymphocytes from both hyper GD and eu GD group in response to TSHR peptides was impaired compared to HT, IDDM, and the N group; in contrast to the findings with CD4+ T lymphocytes, this was independent of thyroid hormone levels. |
| 262 | 7788961 | We have investigated the effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2) on the activation of suppressor T lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) as an autoimmune disease control; this was accomplished by measuring the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (HLA-DR), CD25 (IL-2 alpha receptor (R)), and IL-2 beta R expression on their surfaces by flow cytometric analysis. |
| 263 | 7789625 | Thus, in CP-positive IDDM, pharmacological doses of GLP-I reduce glycemic excursions after meals by a mechanism(s) not dependent on stimulation of insulin secretion, presumably involving delayed gastric emptying. |
| 264 | 7543110 | Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that intact IGFBP-3 doublet was diminished to 41 +/- 7% of controls, whereas the major IGFBP-3 fragment (30 kDa) was increased in IDDM sera before insulin therapy. |
| 265 | 7621973 | Lp(a) levels are "probably" elevated in IDDM patients and related to altered metabolic control and increased urinary albumin excretion rate or renal insufficiency, although results are controversial. |
| 266 | 7626550 | Among autoantibodies detected in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), antibodies to 64,000(Mr) islet protein(64k), now recognized as glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD), appear to be an even more predictive marker of IDDM than islet cytoplasmic antibody (ICA) or insulin autoantibody (IAA). |
| 267 | 7643542 | To elucidate these mechanisms we investigated 42 hypertensive IDDM patients (16F/26M, age 40 +/- 7 years, mean +/- SD) with DN receiving AHT (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, N = 30) for 6 (2 to 15) years [median (range)]. |
| 268 | 7656336 | Administrations of h-LT, h-TNF, and h-IL-2, which has been reported to prevent IDDM in NOD mice by systemic administration, significantly up-regulated c-Fos expression in CD3low thymocytes. |
| 269 | 7656336 | From these results, it is assumed that a relationship may exist between the high diabetes incidence and the defective c-Fos expression in female NOD mice and between the prevention of IDDM and the amelioration of the defective c-Fos expression with h-LT in female NOD mice. |
| 270 | 7545695 | To investigate whether previously reported increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in GH-deficient patients only reflect decreased levels of insulin or are elevated in relation to insulin, diurnal profiles of IGFBP-1 and insulin were determined in plasma from patients with GH levels below 0.2 microgram/L throughout 24 h (n = 23) and compared to profiles from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM; n = 9) and healthy subjects (n = 12). |
| 271 | 7555552 | Lp(a) is elevated during puberty in normoalbuminuric subjects with IDDM, independent of metabolic control and IGF-I. |
| 272 | 7556956 | Chromosome locations of non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes contributing to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in mice have been determined by outcrossing NOD mice to other inbred strains congenic for the NOD MHC haplotype (H2g7). |
| 273 | 7578413 | The aims of this project were to determine if Tap genes could be implicated in the defective class I expression associated with IDDM by using a novel Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-mediated gene transfer system to introduce a cloned, normal Tap-2 or Tap-1 gene into B cell lines from normal and IDDM patients and analyzing the effect on conformationally dependent class I expression. |
| 274 | 7578413 | B cells from another 40% of IDDM patients responded to Tap-1 gene transfer. |
| 275 | 7578413 | These effects were specific because B cells from normal individuals did not respond to Tap-1 or Tap-2 gene transfer with increased class I expression, and B cells from IDDM patients responding to Tap-2 gene transfer did not respond to Tap-1 gene transfer and vice versa. |
| 276 | 7587842 | Findings in epidemiology and animal experimentation suggest that autoimmunity in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may be triggered by dietary cow-milk protein, particularly bovine serum albumin (BSA). |
| 277 | 7587855 | After the observation that a 2-h infusion of AC137 at a rate of 150 micrograms/h, in conjunction with the subjects' usual morning insulin dose, decreased postprandial hyperglycemia in 6 subjects with IDDM, a double-blind placebo-controlled two-period crossover design in an additional 18 IDDM patients was undertaken to confirm and extend the observation. |
| 278 | 7673396 | Combined positivity for the 5' INS 1/1 genotype and for one of three other HLA-DQ genotypes associated with an intermediate risk for IDDM conferred an age-independent RR of 12.1 (P < 10(-4)). |
| 279 | 7476331 | Mitomycin C treatment of MNC from IDDM patients abolished insulin secretion inhibition in recipient mice. |
| 280 | 7476331 | Cells from chronically IDDM patients cultured with concanavalin A (Con A) increased insulin secretion inhibition; despite this, cells from children during the remission period cultured with Con A failed to modify insulin secretion in recipients. |
| 281 | 7485207 | To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition with captopril reduces the progression of microalbuminuria to overt proteinuria in normotensive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 282 | 7485207 | After 24 months of therapy with captopril, compared with placebo, normotensive subjects with IDDM experienced significantly less progression of microalbuminuria to clinical proteinuria, reduced albumin excretion, and preserved CrCl rate. |
| 283 | 7576003 | In contrast with previous data reported in other populations, the HLA DPA1*01-DPB1*0202 was the only haplotype significantly associated with IDDM in the Venezuelan population studied. |
| 284 | 7578987 | In the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a spontaneous model of IDDM, it was put forward that the disease is linked to a susceptibility locus, called idd5, which contains the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) gene. |
| 285 | 7489848 | The (MHC) class II association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is well documented. |
| 286 | 7489848 | However, it is likely that genes within the MHC class III and the class I region also play a role in determining susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 287 | 8781713 | Since glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) is a target autoantigen in IDDM, we investigated whether the cytokines IL-1 beta, TNF alpha IFN gamma altered islet cell expression of GAD-65 and whether the effect of cytokines on GAD-65 expression was similar to their effect on insulin secretion. |
| 288 | 8808235 | The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of prepregnancy treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) nephrotic women with captopril angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-1), on maternal renal function throughout pregnancy and on the fetomaternal outcome. |
| 289 | 8927031 | STZ-induced diabetes (an animal model for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM) resulted in a 2-fold increase in rat liver NMT activity as compared with control animals. |
| 290 | 8647206 | In responding IDDM patients a significant inverse correlation between T cell and autoantibody responsiveness to ICA69 was observed (p < 0.0005). |
| 291 | 8666914 | Consistent with the induction of an active tolerance mechanism, splenic CD4+ (but not CD8+) T cells from GAD65 peptide-treated mice, inhibited the adoptive transfer of IDDM to NOD-scid/scid mice. |
| 292 | 8666914 | Finally, GAD65 peptide treatment reduced insulitis and long-term IDDM incidence. |
| 293 | 8792100 | These results suggest that an increase of Na-Li CT may not be due to the stimulatory effect of endogenous or exogenous insulin, and reflect a genetic predisposition for hypertension, and hence diabetic nephropathy, not only in IDDM but also NIDDM patients. |
| 294 | 8792828 | Taken together with our previous findings, our results suggest that three causes of susceptibilities can be discerned in the IDDM patient population: (1) a major susceptibility caused by the HLA-DRB1 alleles; (2) a minor susceptibility caused by the joint action of HLA and other non-HLA gene(s); and (3) a minor susceptibility caused by non-HLA gene(s). |
| 295 | 8910815 | We determined plasma ET 1-21 concentrations by radioimmunoassay in 59 patients with IDDM (32 male, 27 female) and in 41 healthy siblings (20 male, 21 female) and investigated the association of ET 1-21 concentrations with age, sex, control of diabetes (expressed as % of glycosylated hemoglobin), duration of disease and presence of complications. |
| 296 | 8910817 | Increased IGFBP-3 protease activity has been shown in sera of children with IDDM as well as a decrease in this activity in response to insulin therapy. |
| 297 | 8910817 | We conclude that regulation of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations is disturbed in children with IDDM, in particular during adolescence. |
| 298 | 8911856 | Furthermore, we studied siblings positive for islet cell antibodies (ICAs) and/or insulin autoantibodies (IAAs) to evaluate the impact of the-23 HphI INS +/+ genotype on their beta-cell function assessed by sequential intravenous glucose tolerance tests and on their progression to IDDM. |
| 299 | 8911856 | These observations suggest that the-23 HphI INS +/+ polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of IDDM in subjects without predisposing genes in the MHC region. |
| 300 | 8920883 | Despite infiltration of considerable number of lymphoid cells in islets, expression of TNF alpha protected NOD mice from IDDM. |
| 301 | 8931651 | In patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), the degree of glycemic control is known to alter ACTH and GH responses to hypoglycemia. |
| 302 | 8931651 | The current study was performed to examine the effect of glycemic control on prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to hypoglycemia in subjects with IDDM. |
| 303 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of prolactin secretion was 2.2 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in well-controlled IDDM, 3.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L in poorly controlled IDDM, and 2.4 +/- 0.1 mmol/L in healthy subjects (P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 304 | 8931651 | The plasma glucose threshold required for stimulation of beta-endorphin release was again lower in well-controlled IDDM versus poorly controlled IDDM patients (2.2 +/- 0.1 v 3.0 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) and healthy subjects (2.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/L, P < .05 between IDDM groups). |
| 305 | 8931651 | In conclusion, prolactin and beta-endorphin responses to a standardized hypoglycemic stimulus (plasma glucose, 2.2 mmol/L) are reduced and plasma glucose levels required to stimulate release of prolactin and beta-endorphin are lower in well-controlled IDDM compared with poorly controlled IDDM and healthy subjects. |
| 306 | 8932998 | These results indicate a disease and MHC class II association between coxsackie B virus infection and IDDM and an association between adenovirus infection and IDDM. |
| 307 | 8933008 | The EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study involved the examination of 3250 randomly selected insulin-dependent diabetic patients, from 31 centres in 16 European countries. |
| 308 | 8971078 | To address the role of proinsulin in the development of IDDM, we generated NOD mice transgenic for the mouse proinsulin II gene driven off a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II promoter to direct expression of the transgene to MHC class II bearing cells, including those in the thymus, with the aim of deleting proinsulin-reactive T-cells. |
| 309 | 9015655 | Insulin clearance was significantly increased by exercise both in healthy men (9% P < 0.05) and in IDDM subjects (15%, P < 0.05). |
| 310 | 9015655 | After exercise, endogenous insulin secretion in healthy men is reduced and insulin clearance is enhanced both in healthy men and in IDDM patients. |
| 311 | 9174153 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Graves' disease (GD) are autoimmune endocrinopathies and associated with distinct HLA-DR and -DQ alleles as well as several tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta (TNF-beta) alleles. |
| 312 | 9174153 | In conclusion, the studied polymorphism of TNF-R2 was associated with neither IDDM nor GD in a German population. |
| 313 | 9174901 | The associations among autonomic neuropathy, urinary albumin excretion, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured with 51Cr-EDTA and iohexol clearance were studied in 41 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 15 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). |
| 314 | 9341777 | To study the involvement of Th1 and Th2 cells in the initiation and progression of IDDM, we targeted endogenous IL-12 by administration of (p40)2 in NOD mice. |
| 315 | 9388398 | Variable adherence to insulin treatment is thought to contribute to poor glycaemic control, diabetic ketoacidosis, and brittle diabetes in adolescents and young adults with IDDM. |
| 316 | 9389426 | In this study, we have investigated the major regions of IA-2 recognized by antibodies in IDDM patients and examined the ability of phogrin to block antibody binding to these regions as a measure of cross-reactivity. |
| 317 | 9389426 | The results demonstrate considerable heterogeneity between IDDM patients in autoantibody recognition of IA-2 in IDDM, whereas antibody recognition of phogrin is restricted in most patients to epitopes also present on IA-2. |
| 318 | 9410902 | Our data support the hypothesis that a CD28 signal is requisite for activation of IL-4-producing cells and protection from IDDM. |
| 319 | 9441869 | These findings indicate that the mitochondrial enzyme mGDH often acts as an antigenic determinant in IDDM, but not in NIDDM, patients. |
| 320 | 9421371 | Unexpectedly, IFN-gamma markedly reduced the incidence of IDDM as compared with control rats when administered six times per week at a dosage of 280,000 U between ages 30-35 to 105 days or ages 60-64 to 105 days. |
| 321 | 9519736 | To investigate how non-MHC Idd genes regulate islet inflammation and IDDM progression, NOD mice were compared with the nonobese diabetes-resistant (NOR) mouse, a related MHC-identical strain that possesses a subset of the NOD-derived alleles at the Idd loci. |
| 322 | 9519736 | Our data define distinct cellular stages of IDDM pathogenesis in which the impact of Idd genes can be readily analyzed. |
| 323 | 9848784 | No association of the two TGF-beta1 sequence variations with IDDM in general was found. |
| 324 | 9850811 | The presence of ICA and GAD-autoantibodies in pregnancy was associated with later development of IDDM. |
| 325 | 10600222 | The duration of diabetes and the level of HbA1c did not affect the NGF and TGF-beta2 levels in the IDDM patients. |
| 326 | 10975839 | The MHC class II alphabeta dimer encoded by HLA-DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 (DQ0602), which is a dominant protective allele in IDDM, exhibits the greatest SDS stability among HLA-DQ molecules in EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cells and PBLs. |
| 327 | 11120794 | The insulinoma-associated protein 2 (IA-2) is a phosphatase-like autoantigen inducing T and B cell responses associated with human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). |
| 328 | 11132145 | Linkage and association was not found between the ICAM-1 K469E variation and type 1 diabetes in Danish patients (P(tdt)> or =0.48), and our data did not indicate an interaction between ICAM1 and IDDM1 in predisposition to type 1 diabetes in Danes (P=0.78). |
| 329 | 11160264 | In this study, we have investigated the use of plasmid DNA (pDNA) vaccination to elicit Th2 effector cell function in an Ag-specific manner and in turn prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. pDNA recombinants were engineered encoding a secreted fusion protein consisting of a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) linked to IgGFc, and IL-4. |
| 330 | 11176960 | These results suggest a link between high level of GAD-Ab and some cases of cerebellar ataxia, particularly women with IDDM. |
| 331 | 11254515 | These results suggest that: (1) depression of the HCVR in IDDM is associated with hyperglycemia and glycosylation of the diaphragm; and (2) the hyperventilation of DKA is leptin dependent. |
| 332 | 11274272 | We studied whether angiotensin II receptor antagonism reduces urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in IDDM patients, and the relationship between the antiproteinuric effect and changes in systemic and renal haemodynamics. |
| 333 | 11418698 | We previously demonstrated that administration of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) encoding IL-4 and a fragment of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) fused to IgGFc induces GAD65-specific Th2 cells and prevents insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. |
| 334 | 11418698 | Exacerbation of IDDM correlated with an increased frequency of IFN-gamma-secreting CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in response to insulin B chain-specific peptides compared with untreated mice. |
| 335 | 11418698 | In contrast, treatment with pDNAs encoding insulin A chain-IgGFc and IL-4 elicited a low frequency of IL-4-secreting Th cells and had no effect on the progression of IDDM. |
| 336 | 11418698 | Vaccination with pDNAs encoding GAD65-IgGFc and IL-4, however, prevented IDDM. |
| 337 | 11418698 | These results demonstrate that insulin- and GAD65-specific T cell reactivity induced by pDNA vaccination has distinct effects on the progression of IDDM. |
| 338 | 11795511 | Beta cell-specific suppression of GAD expression in NOD mice results in the prevention of IDDM. |
| 339 | 11855150 | IGF2 is expressed only in the paternal allele and, therefore, is considered a candidate gene for IDDM2 transmission because of its important autocrine/paracrine effects on the thymus, lymphocytes and pancreas. |
| 340 | 11905849 | We have investigated recognition of the GAD65 protein, one of the well-characterized autoantigens in type I diabetes, among individuals carrying the HLA-DR4 haplotypes characteristic of susceptibility to IDDM. |
| 341 | 11286636 | The association between the human cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) gene and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is unclear in populations. |
| 342 | 11978634 | Evidence from our laboratory and others has suggested that the IDDM2 locus determines diabetes susceptibility by modulating levels of insulin expression in the thymus: the diabetes-protective class III alleles at a repeat polymorphism upstream of the insulin gene are associated with higher levels than the predisposing class I. |
| 343 | 11979756 | The spontaneous development of anti-hsp65 T lymphocytes preceded the outbreak of overt IDDM in control NOD mice, but also appeared in M. leprae immunized cases in which the IDDM incidence was prevented, and both control and M. leprae immunized groups produced IFN-gamma and IL-10 by stimulation with hsp65. |
| 344 | 12397025 | SAA catabolism, as measured by fed-state sulfate production, may be a convenient and useful method to determine the extent of whole body protein dysregulation in IDDM. |
| 345 | 12750767 | Offspring who developed autoantibodies to multiple antigens had increased frequencies of both high risk IDDM1 and IDDM2 genotypes (p<0.0001), whereas offspring who developed autoantibodies to GAD only had increased frequencies of high risk IDDM1 and protective IDDM2 genotypes, suggesting that IDDM2 influences the autoimmune target specificity. |
| 346 | 16060906 | Body mass index (BMI)-adjusted levels of both forms of ghrelin were reduced in IDDM compared with healthy subjects, with greater values in prepubertal than pubertal IDDM subjects. |
| 347 | 16060906 | IDDM children showed a negative association of their plasma ghrelin (both acylated and total) with daily insulin dosage, and the three adiposity indices (BMI, skinfold thickness and percentage fat mass). |
| 348 | 16246524 | These results confirm the effect of IDDM2 alleles on insulin expression in the thymus, but suggest that the levels of AIRE may exert a stronger influence than IDDM2 alleles themselves. |
| 349 | 16617123 | The rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) was markedly reduced in IDDM hearts, and hyperglycemia depressed the function of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG), which conducts IKr. |
| 350 | 17184588 | The immune-tolerance to IDDM may be associated with promoting the production of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells and inducing regulatory Th2 responses in vivo. |
| 351 | 17518348 | Angiotensin enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin-II receptor antagonists (ARBs) reduce proteinuria and retard the progression of renal failure in patients with IDDM and diabetic rats. |
| 352 | 17761671 | As a result, acutely diabetic NOD mice do not require insulin injections for survival for a significant time period, thus providing a promising clue to effect IDDM reversal in humans. |
| 353 | 19934373 | Our previous data indicated a progressive decrease in regulatory T cells (CD4(+)CD25(+)) and a decrease in the systemic secretion systems for insulin, and saliva was associated with the progression of IDDM and SS. |
| 354 | 20545565 | Susceptibility is determined by the interaction of MHC and non-MHC genes in the thymus, primarily by the IDDM1 locus, which is extremely polymorphic and thus generates multitudes of predisposing and protective haplotypes for binding self-peptides. |
| 355 | 20818503 | These suggested that short-term IDDM induced upregulation of osteoclastogenesis with an increase in RANK and downregulation of osteoblastogenesis with a decrease in Runx2 in bone. |
| 356 | 10756782 | IDDM has, because of insulin lack, raised levels of triglycerides and afferent lipoproteins. |
| 357 | 12092185 | IDDM has, because of insulin lack, increased levels of triglycerides and afferent lipoproteins. |
| 358 | 20687123 | To evaluate the influence of maternal insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on maternal serum free ß-hCG, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness from 11 weeks to 13 weeks 6 days of gestation in a large cohort of women screened prospectively for chromosomal anomalies. |
| 359 | 7983810 | Recently, we found an association of polymorphism in the IFN-gamma gene with Japanese IDDM. |
| 360 | 21567076 | These results suggest that insulin-deficiency in IDDM decreases osteoblastogenesis associated with inhibition of Wnt signaling through the increased expression of Sost and Dkk1 and the inhibition of Akt activation. |
| 361 | 10987645 | These results suggest that the BAT2 microsatellite polymorphism is associated with the age-at-onset of IDDM and possibly with the inflammatory process of pancreatic beta-cell destruction during the development of IDDM. |