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Gene Information
Gene symbol: IGF1
Gene name: insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C)
HGNC ID: 5464
Synonyms: IGF1A
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 21733057 | Reductions in TNF-? and IL-6 are consistently seen, but of a smaller magnitude, and IGF-I and IGFBP changes after weight loss are small and inconsistent. |
| 2 | 21711374 | Insulin and glucose were negatively associated with SHBG levels, as well as IGF-1 and IGF-BP3, while no associations were found with free thyroid hormone status. |
| 3 | 223535 | Growth hormone (hGH) responsiveness to exercise and somatomedin C (SmC) activity were measured in ten children with insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus. |
| 4 | 6295857 | Similarly, IGF-I and IGF-II competed for occupancy of the IM-9 insulin receptor, with 50% displacement of 125I-insulin occurring at peptide concentrations of 3.5 x 10(-9) M (insulin), 3.5 x 10(-8) M (IGF-II), and 3 x 10(-7) M (IGF-I). |
| 5 | 3528867 | Growth hormone and insulin act mainly by modulating the hepatic synthesis of IGF-I. |
| 6 | 2430989 | These findings raise the questions of whether maternal SMBP levels influence the amount of IGF-I available for the fetal-placental unit and whether IGF-II participates in glucose homeostasis in the fetus. |
| 7 | 2958492 | In contrast, IGF-I inhibited [125I]insulin binding with a molar potency 1600 times lower than that of native insulin. |
| 8 | 3313390 | Infusion of a low dose of insulin (2 units per kg per day) into the JV had no effects on the hyperglycemia, body weight gain, tail growth, tibial epiphysial cartilage plate thickness, or serum levels of somatomedin C in the diabetic rats. |
| 9 | 3279808 | Insulin at 8 x 10(-10) M increased the accumulation of [14C]glucose in mesangial cells, whereas IGF-I was 10-fold less potent. |
| 10 | 2969796 | That insulin may be involved in the pathogenesis of these growth-related abnormalities despite resistance to its metabolic effects mediated through the insulin receptor is suggested by the known ability of high concentrations of insulin to stimulate DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in vitro through the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor. |
| 11 | 2969796 | Thus, insulin action mediated through the IGF-I receptor may initiate growth-promoting tissue effects in the face of limited insulin effect on glucose metabolism. |
| 12 | 2972576 | These results indicate that 1) the defect is specific to the insulin-receptor binding in these patients, 2) insulin and IGF-I activate glucose incorporation and alpha-aminoisobutyric acid uptake mainly through their own specific receptors, but 3) the IGF-I receptor appears to have a more important role in stimulating thymidine incorporation than the insulin receptor in physiological condition or, alternatively, an unknown postreceptor process with cascade signal transmission may overcome the decreased insulin-receptor binding to produce a normal dose-response curve. |
| 13 | 3053958 | Insulin can regulate IGF-I production, acting on the GH receptor or at a post-receptor site. |
| 14 | 3053958 | Conversely IGF-I is thought to have a permissive effect on the pancreatic insulin response to glucose. |
| 15 | 3248365 | IGF-I levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 81 insulin dependent adolescent diabetics (49 boys and 32 girls) and compared with 75 puberty stage matched normal controls. |
| 16 | 2521209 | We studied the growth effects of insulin and IGF-I as measured by stimulation of c-myc, DNA synthesis, and cellular proliferation in the presence and absence of these antibodies. |
| 17 | 2464943 | Finally, PDGF increased RNA and protein synthesis, and this response was not enhanced by IGF-1. |
| 18 | 2644137 | This enzyme degraded 125I-labeled insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) more slowly than 125I-IGF-II and degraded IGF-II more slowly than 125I-insulin. |
| 19 | 2542108 | In competition experiments, IGF-I competed for binding more effectively than rat IGF-II or insulin. |
| 20 | 2542108 | The biological effects of insulin and IGF-I were examined by studying adipocyte lipoprotein lipase (LPL). |
| 21 | 2542108 | In addition, alpha-IR3 blocked the stimulatory effect of IGF-I on adipocyte LPL. |
| 22 | 2542427 | IGF-I and IGF-II as well as the low molecular type of IGF binding protein (IGFPB) were determined in serum from 11 adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during a cross-over study with conventional and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CIT and CSII) therapy. |
| 23 | 2546940 | The fetal receptor does not appear to bind insulin but, unlike the IGF-I receptor, its phosphorylation is stimulated by low physiological concentrations of both insulin and IGF I. |
| 24 | 2668084 | In contrast to the study in intact cells, proinsulin and IGF-I as well as other insulin analogues had the same relative binding activity to bind to the partially lectin-purified insulin receptor preparations from both the patient's and the control cells. |
| 25 | 2759363 | In a previous study we demonstrated that the kidney content of somatomedin C was maximal one to two days after uninephrectomy or induction of diabetes, and that insulin treatment prevented an increase in kidney somatomedin C as well as kidney growth in diabetic animals. |
| 26 | 2759363 | The new findings of the present study are that administration of a long-acting somatostatin analogue (Sandostatin) effectively prevented the obligatory increase in kidney somatomedin C content as well as kidney growth both in experimental diabetes and after uninephrectomy. |
| 27 | 2764926 | An avian insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) activity from unfertilized chicken egg-yolk has been partially purified by HPLC. |
| 28 | 2681500 | We conclude that the diabetic rat is not a good model to study growth stimulation by short-term insulin or IGF-I treatments because the insulin-like effects of these peptides obscure their specific growth-promoting activities in this model. |
| 29 | 2407519 | However, it has recently been observed that when IGF-I is infused into man and animals, plasma insulin levels fall, raising the possibility that IGF-I may also be an inhibitor of insulin secretion. |
| 30 | 2407519 | This study used the in vitro perfused rat pancreas and recombinant human IGF-I and IGF-II to determine if either of these peptides affected insulin and/or glucagon secretion from normal rats. |
| 31 | 2407519 | IGF-I given with 7.8 mM glucose suppressed insulin secretion by as much as 65%, with the half-maximal effect occurring at less than 10 ng/ml. |
| 32 | 2407519 | We conclude from these results that 1) IGF-I at physiological concentrations is a potent inhibitor of both glucose- and arginine-induced insulin secretion; 2) the magnitude of the inhibition depends on the background glucose concentration; and 3) the inhibition fully reverses when IGF-I is stopped. |
| 33 | 2407519 | These results support an in vivo effect of IGF-I to modulate insulin output. |
| 34 | 2407583 | This model prevented variations in insulin secretion induced by IGF-I and permitted evaluation of the effects of IGF-I on extrapancreatic glucagon. |
| 35 | 2407583 | This was continued throughout the experiment, allowing evaluation of IGF-I effects on insulin clearance. |
| 36 | 2407583 | The insulin dose required to induce the same plasma glucose decline as IGF-I (44 +/- 6 vs. 43 +/- 5%, NS) was 9-12 times lower (0.06-nmol/kg bolus + 6.4 +/- 0.6 pmol.kg-1.min-1). |
| 37 | 2110412 | It is concluded that in Type I diabetes the GH response to GHRH is increased, even in well regulated patients, and that the serum IGF-I level is depressed. |
| 38 | 2140801 | We also investigated the role of insulin in regulation of IGF-I expression in the aorta. |
| 39 | 2140801 | In nondiabetic rats, administration of insulin as an acute bolus (10 U i.p.) or a chronic infusion (2.4 U/day for 5 days) resulted in an approximately twofold increase in abundance of IGF-I mRNA in the aorta. |
| 40 | 2187189 | In contrast to insulin, this effect of IGF-I occurs despite persisting hyperglycemia and adrenal hyperplasia. |
| 41 | 2187189 | We conclude that IGF-I has important effects on the thymocyte number and the presence of CD4+/CD8+ immature cells in the thymus of diabetic rats despite persisting hyperglycemia. |
| 42 | 2187662 | Though this study does not prove a causal relationship between restoration of ovarian function and normalization of circulating IGF-I levels, a relationship has been established, as evidenced by higher levels of IGF-I in both the control and insulin-treated diabetic proestrous groups when compared to the diestrus groups. |
| 43 | 2227126 | However, after controlling for duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, diastolic blood pressure, and the presence of proteinuria and/or creatinine greater than or equal to 265 microM in a multiple logistic regression model, IGF-I was not significantly associated with PDR. |
| 44 | 2245040 | IGF-I and IGF-II promoted thymidine incorporation into cells at a half-maximal dose of 3 and 1 nM respectively, IGF-II with a maximum potency 65% of IGF-I; insulin stimulated at a half-maximum dose of 100 nM, with similar maximum effect to IGF-I, and their effects were not additive. |
| 45 | 2245040 | A monoclonal antibody to IGF-I reduced the effect of IGF-I by 50-80%, had no effect on Epo, and abolished the GH effect. |
| 46 | 2088457 | The influence of metabolic control (HbA1c), noradrenaline (NA) and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) on renal function and size was investigated in 11 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients aged 11-17 years. |
| 47 | 1846108 | Changes in fetal insulin and glucose may be related to changes in expression of the IGF-I and IGFBP-1 genes in the growth-retarded fetuses. |
| 48 | 1708099 | Cycloheximide treatment resulted in a superinduction of both c-fos and c-myc and prevented any further stimulation by IGF-I. |
| 49 | 1708099 | IGF-II did not stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of its own receptor, but was 25% as active as IGF-I in stimulating phosphorylation of the IGF-I receptor. |
| 50 | 1708099 | These data indicate that the IGF-I receptor can be activated upon binding of IGF-I, and to a lesser extent IGF-II, in intact cells to mediate cellular events. |
| 51 | 1849848 | These findings suggest that, despite resistance to physiological levels of insulin, the high circulating insulin concentrations present in the serum of these patients could mediate unwanted tissue-specific growth through an intact IGF-I receptor-effector mechanism. |
| 52 | 1649393 | However, progestins also increased the secretion of IGF-II, a ligand for the IGF-I receptor. |
| 53 | 1713293 | Treatment of diabetic rats with insulin resulted in a small, non significant increase in hepatic and renal IGF-I mRNA and a significant decrease in renal IGFBP-1 mRNA abundance. |
| 54 | 1719386 | The insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are thought to determine the distribution of IGF-I and IGF-II between the blood and tissue compartments and to modulate their biological activities. |
| 55 | 1719386 | These results, together with the fact that H4-II-E cells do not possess IGF-I receptors with which insulin might cross-react, suggest that insulin acts via the insulin receptor. |
| 56 | 1719559 | We hypothesized that insulin and insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-I) can influence synthesis of PAI-1, thereby potentially attenuating fibrinolysis. |
| 57 | 1719559 | In HepG2 cells used as a model system, concentrations of insulin and IGF-I consistent with those seen in plasma independently stimulated PAI-1 synthesis. |
| 58 | 1756914 | In individuals not using insulin, higher levels of IGF-I were associated with an increased frequency of PDR or moderate non-PDR (P = 0.08). |
| 59 | 1797483 | To assess the effect of puberty on the relationship between glycemic control and insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) levels in children with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. |
| 60 | 1802476 | Albumin excretion rate was correlated to IGF-1 (r = 0.86, p less than 0.001) on the high protein diet. |
| 61 | 1309347 | TSH receptor mRNA levels in FRTL-5 thyroid cells are autoregulated at a transcriptional level by the same hormones required for the growth and function of the cells: TSH, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 62 | 1309347 | Evidence is additionally provided that TSH receptor mRNA levels are increased by insulin, IGF-I, or calf serum in both Northern and run-on assays. |
| 63 | 1568530 | Poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with elevated basal plasma growth hormone (GH), disproportionally low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, and impaired somatic growth. |
| 64 | 1568530 | GHBP and IGF-I levels were significantly correlated in NIDDM but not in IDDM. |
| 65 | 1572403 | TGF-beta at 1 ng/ml inhibited at least 50% of the effects of 20 ng/ml EGF and of 10 ng/ml IGF-I, whereas inhibition of the effect of 10 ng/ml PDGF required 10 ng/ml of TGF-beta. |
| 66 | 1572403 | The concentration of TGF-beta needed to inhibit 50% of the combined effect of EGF, IGF-1, and PDGF was 5 ng/ml. |
| 67 | 1386818 | IGF-I stimulated renin secretion in perifusions as early as 30 min, whereas IGF-II had no effect. |
| 68 | 1386818 | This study suggests that the low renin state in DM may be explained by the enhanced inhibitory effect of ANG II and the resistance to the secretogogue actions of insulin and IGF-I. |
| 69 | 1381373 | The class I response to TSH, serum, insulin, IGF-I, or hydrocortisone is specific, in that the same agents do not similarly affect TSH receptor, thyroglobulin, thyroid peroxidase, malic enzyme, or beta-actin RNA levels. |
| 70 | 1382963 | The combination of RA and IGF-I, which resulted in decreased cellular proliferation, was associated with the appearance of IGFBP-3 in the CM at levels far exceeding those seen with RA alone. |
| 71 | 1382963 | The effect of IGF-I on IGFBP-2 levels and the synergistic action of IGF-I and RA on IGFBP-3 levels in CM were blocked by alpha IR3, a monoclonal antibody to the human IGF-I receptor, indicating that these effects required signal transduction through the IGF-I receptor. |
| 72 | 1382963 | These results suggest that the action of RA and IGF-I in combination to increase IGFBP-3 protein in CM is principally translational or posttranslational. |
| 73 | 1383692 | The insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of proteins that specifically bind IGF-I and IGF-II, determine their bioavailability to tissues, and modulate their actions in target tissues. |
| 74 | 1439105 | Little is known about the physiological significance of IGF-II, whose concentration, at variance with IGF-I, is not increased in acromegalic subjects. |
| 75 | 1439105 | Moreover the IGF-I concentration seems to be useful to evaluate the nutritional status, particularly in association with serum transferrin, in subclinical conditions and in the monitoring of the nutritional therapy. |
| 76 | 1476613 | High dose i.p. insulin enhanced hepatic IGF-I mRNA levels (OD: 0.93 +/- 0.23) compared with diabetic rats (P < 0.01) and those given high dose s.c. insulin (P < 0.04), despite the blood glucose values being similar in the treated groups (i.p., 4.72 +/- 0.29 mmol/l; s.c., 3.32 +/- 0.03 mmol/l). |
| 77 | 8419148 | In general, the dephosphorylation of IGF-I receptor follows a pattern similar to that of insulin receptor except in red skeletal muscle in which it is not modified. |
| 78 | 8425471 | To explore whether this heterogeneity of response might be mediated by differential local insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene regulation, we injected rats with ip saline, 65, 120, or 175 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). |
| 79 | 8425471 | At the time point and STZ dosages at which kidney IGF-I mRNA induction was most dramatic, renal IGF-I receptor mRNA was only minimally changed, and renal alpha-tubulin mRNA was modestly reduced. |
| 80 | 8425471 | In summary: 1) hepatic IGF-I mRNAs are dramatically reduced, and renal IGF-I mRNAs are significantly increased soon after the onset of insulin-deficient diabetes in STZ-treated rats; 2) insulin therapy restores IGF-I mRNA levels toward normal; and 3) these changes in IGF-I mRNA content are specific and are not the result of hepatic or renal STZ toxicity. |
| 81 | 8425625 | On the receptor level IGF-I signaling to human endometrium is not modulated during the menstrual cycle, whereas insulin binding and signaling are likely to be enhanced in the luteal phase. |
| 82 | 8384986 | Treatment of cells with IGF-I activated the PtdIns 3'-kinase, suggesting that IGF-I activates the PtdIns 3'-kinase through IRS-1 binding to p85 in a manner similar to insulin. |
| 83 | 8482426 | IGF-I also reduced plasma insulin concentrations. |
| 84 | 7683533 | Enzymatic deglycosylation does not alter the high affinity of IGFBP-6 for IGF-II (Ka 4.4 +/- 2.2 x 10(11) M-1) or its preference for IGF-II over IGF-I. |
| 85 | 7683646 | Substitution of Phe26 with Ser or Leu, which decreased binding to the IGF-I and insulin receptors, reduced binding to IGFBP-1 and -6 up to 80-fold, but had lesser effects on the other IGFBPs. |
| 86 | 7683646 | Thus, the determinants of IGF-II binding to IGFBPs partially overlap those for the IGF-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor and overlap those for the IGF-I receptor to a lesser extent. |
| 87 | 7683646 | IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-6 are most sensitive to changes in IGF-II structure, although IGFBP-1 binds IGF-I and IGF-II with equal affinity, whereas IGFBP-6 has a marked preferential binding affinity for IGF-II. |
| 88 | 7686165 | Overexpression of the IGF-I receptor did not affect sensitivity or maximal responsiveness of glucose uptake or PI3 kinase activation to IGF-I. |
| 89 | 7688368 | The insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of six proteins that modulate the biological activity of IGF-I and IGF-II and determine their bioavailability to tissues. |
| 90 | 8325951 | The dose of 4 IU of rhGH increased significantly GH levels in diabetics with preserved beta-cell function with consequent increase in IGF-I levels and attenuation of GRF induced GH response. |
| 91 | 8325951 | In addition, neither increase in IGF-I levels nor suppression of GH response to GRF on rhGH treatment was observed in CpN diabetics. |
| 92 | 8370685 | IGF-I levels were decreased in prepuberty in the boys with IDDM and were overcome with increasing pubertal development (0.68 +/- 0.13 vs. 0.78 +/- 0.11 vs. 1.53 +/- 0.20 U/mL; P < 0.05). |
| 93 | 7504689 | IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased 10- and 13-fold in rubeosis (P << 0.01) compared with no ischemia (n = 10), while IGF-II and IGFBP-2 were elevated 2.7- and 4.3-fold (P < 0.01). |
| 94 | 7504689 | Vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy but without rubeosis (n = 16) contained 2.5- and 2.2-fold elevated levels of IGF-I and of IGFBP-2 (P < 0.05), while IGF-II and IGFBP-3 were increased 1.4- and 1.6-fold, which was not significant. |
| 95 | 7694841 | Serum [125I]IGF-I-binding activity was increased 4-fold (P < 0.01), and Western ligand and immunoblotting demonstrated that levels of IGFBP-1 were high in intact STZ-diabetic animals. |
| 96 | 8238332 | We have previously shown that in normal pregnancy, a specific placental GH variant, rather than human placental lactogen (hPL), substitutes for pituitary GH in the regulation of maternal IGF-I. |
| 97 | 7505461 | We conclude that vitreous IGFBP-2 is synthesized locally in the eye, and that the expression of IGFBP-2 in chick embryos is not directly regulated by IGF-I. |
| 98 | 7511786 | Culture with 10(-9) M insulin lowered IGFBP-1 gene transcription 50% below control levels (10-11 M) but did not affect IGF-I gene transcription; 10(-6) M insulin raised IGF-I gene transcription 2-fold. |
| 99 | 7511786 | Similarly, 3-6 h were required for stimulation of IGF-I gene transcription by insulin, but a 40% decrease in IGFBP-1 gene transcription could be detected within 15 min after adding 10(-6) M insulin, and suppression of IGFBP-1 transcription by insulin was unaffected by the presence of cycloheximide. |
| 100 | 7521339 | In healthy subjects and IDDM patients, mean GH levels did not change significantly, whereas mean IGF-I concentrations decreased slightly at 30 min. |
| 101 | 7521344 | These results suggest that IGF-I increases IGFBP-5 levels in the T47D cell line both through direct interaction with IGFBP-5 as well as through a receptor-mediated process that does not require direct interaction with IGFBPs. |
| 102 | 8250456 | Metabolic control in patients with extreme insulin resistance is improved after using IGF-1. |
| 103 | 7510305 | We have previously shown that IGF-I administration increases IGFBP-1 and -2 and reduces IGFBP-3 in normal subjects. |
| 104 | 7510305 | In a substrate-sufficient state, e.g. after oral glucose, IGFBP-1 and -2 show opposite acute responses to IGF-I, and IGF-I has an apparent acute insulin-like effect on IGFBP-1 concentrations that differs from its longer term effect. |
| 105 | 8116999 | Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have reduced endogenous IGF-I production, and studies are in progress to determine whether treatment with IGF-I in addition to insulin may improve their metabolic/anabolic status. |
| 106 | 7512318 | Following administration of an oral glucose load, serum IGFBP-1 concentrations were decreased within 2 h in men and in pregnant women while IGF-I levels remained constant. |
| 107 | 7512318 | These results suggested that IGFBP-1 regulates IGF-I activity in pregnancy in a similar manner to that in the non-pregnant state. |
| 108 | 7512573 | Insulin-resistant NIDDM patients, with high basal glucose and insulin, normal IGFBP-1, and low GH, had decreased prefasting serum IGF-I concentrations, similar to the values in fasted body mass index- and age-matched OB subjects. |
| 109 | 7512573 | In conclusion, 1) differences in GH status and modulation of GH induction of IGF-I by insulin resistance could contribute to low basal IGF-I levels and lack of a IGF-I response to fasting in patients with NIDDM; and 2) the turnover rate of IGF-I in serum, which is largely determined by IGFBP-3, is not likely to be altered by short term fasting, suggesting that the decrease in serum IGF-I concentrations is a result of decreased IGF-I production. |
| 110 | 7513716 | Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in serum is predominantly bound in a ternary complex, consisting of IGF peptide, IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and an acid-labile subunit, or a binary complex, consisting of IGF peptide and any of the six IGFBPs. |
| 111 | 7909309 | The study of 230 diabetic mothers along with their newborn babies has shown that foetal macrosomia is associated with two specific genomic sites: phosphoglucomutase locus 1 (PGM1)-Rhesus blood group (Rh) linkage group (chromosome 1) and HindIII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linked to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (chromosome 12). |
| 112 | 8177047 | The IGF-I dose-response curve was similar for CMCs of control and IDDM individuals, but both the basal and maximal response to IGF-I were lower in the diabetic group (P < .01). |
| 113 | 7514206 | More than 95% of IGF-I circulates bound to binding proteins (IGFBPs); of these IGFBP-1 is of particular interest as it is inversely regulated by insulin and is thought to inhibit the action of IGF-I and IGF-II. |
| 114 | 7514206 | Elevated IGFBP-1 levels have been associated with an inhibition of serum IGF-I bioactivity in children with insulin-dependent diabetes. |
| 115 | 7514513 | After each treatment period (4 weeks), serum profiles of GH, IGF-I, IGF binding proteins 1 and 3 (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3), glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, alanine, lactate and glucagon were measured for 37 hours after GH injection (3 IU/m2 at 1900 hour). |
| 116 | 8187319 | It has been proposed that low IGF-I levels and reduced IGF-I bioactivity may lead to elevated GH levels in adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes (IDDM). |
| 117 | 8187319 | In late pubertal adolescents with IDDM the rise in IGF-I levels following rhIGF-I administration in a subcutaneous dose of 40 micrograms/kg body weight leads to a significant reduction in GH levels and GH secretory rate. |
| 118 | 7516850 | There is a growing body of evidence that the insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) are dynamically involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, with one of their binding proteins, IGFBP-1, playing a counterregulatory role. |
| 119 | 8010960 | In order to explore which receptor mediated the IGF-II effect, we compared glucose uptake induced by IGF-II and two IGF-II analogues: [Leu27]IGF-II, with high affinity for the IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor but markedly reduced affinity for the IGF-I and insulin receptors, and [Arg54,Arg55]IGF-II was similar to that of IGF-II, whereas [Leu27]IGF-II had a very diminished effect. |
| 120 | 8013761 | Blocking of the IGF-I receptor inhibited ICC formation but did not affect their insulin content. |
| 121 | 8016174 | IGF-I may be a regulatory factor for serum GHBP activity in man. |
| 122 | 8039596 | Of these growth factors, IGF-I was the most potent, with a significant effect at 0.6 nM and maximal effects at 6.0 nM, followed by IGF-II and insulin. |
| 123 | 8039596 | Thus, the mesenteric vascular effect of insulin and IGF-I is not associated with ET-1 release but appears to link to an increased release of an endothelial-derived contracting factor or the decreased production of an endothelial-derived relaxing factor from the cyclooxygenase pathway. |
| 124 | 8045959 | Smaller iv doses (250 micrograms/kg) of IGF-I were ineffective in acutely lowering serum glucose or inducing sustained insulin sensitivity. |
| 125 | 7523002 | Insulin is believed to be the prime regulator of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) secretion, and in normal subjects acute insulin induced hypoglycaemia exerts a rapid effect on concentrations of IGFBP-1, and may also influence insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations. |
| 126 | 7523562 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) during puberty is associated with a reduction in circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and low IGF bioactivity. |
| 127 | 8088124 | Subjects with Type 1 diabetes with irregular menses (when compared with diabetic subjects with a regular cycle) had a significantly higher HbA1 (12.8 +/- 0.4 vs 10.5 +/- 0.5%, p < 0.01) and BMI (23.2 +/- 0.6 vs 21.4 +/- 0.6 kg m-2, p < 0.05) associated with a lower sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) (37.2 +/- 4.0 vs 52.6 +/- 4.0 nmol l-1, p < 0.025) and IGF-I (1.4 +/- 0.2 vs 2.2 +/- 0.2 mUI-1, p < 0.025) and a higher LH:FSH ratio (2.6 +/- 0.5 vs 1.4 +/- 0.2, p < 0.05). |
| 128 | 8088711 | Studies performed under hyperglycemic conditions showed that IGF-I inhibited glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, but that this inhibitory effect was partially overcome by increasing the hyperglycemic stimulus. |
| 129 | 8088711 | Moreover, despite the decrease in insulin secretion, glucose disposal was accelerated by IGF-I. |
| 130 | 8091976 | Inadequate blood sugar control in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) sometimes results in low insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and sluggish height growth. |
| 131 | 8091976 | We have determined GHBP activity in two cases of poorly controlled IDDM with low height velocity in relation to metabolic control in order to determine the mechanism of resistance to GH in this condition, as indicated by low levels of GH-dependent growth factor IGF-I in the face of high serum GH levels. |
| 132 | 8091976 | GHBP activity was within the normal range in two cases of IDDM with slow height velocity, low IGF-I and high hemoglobin-A1. |
| 133 | 7524886 | We have presently studied ternary complex formation between IGF, IGFBP-3, and acid labile subunit (ALS) to further assess if IGF-I bioavailability is increased in human fetal serum. |
| 134 | 7525263 | Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) is an O-linked glycoprotein that binds insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) with marked preferential affinity over IGF-I. |
| 135 | 7528707 | To evaluate the molecular mechanism of these effects we studied the effect of hypophysectomy (Hx) and GH replacement therapy on the expression of IGF-I, the IGF-I receptor and IGF-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) in juvenile rats. |
| 136 | 7528707 | IGF-I mRNA levels were reduced 30% by Hx, IGFBP-2 mRNA levels fell 50% whereas IGF-I receptor mRNA levels were unaffected. |
| 137 | 7532054 | IGFBP-2 levels were increased 6 to 7-fold following incubation with IGF-I, IGF-II or insulin for 48 h. |
| 138 | 7532054 | Biosynthetic labeling of quiescent 293 cells using [35S]cysteine indicated that incubation with insulin or IGF-I for 24 h increased the synthesis of total cell proteins (predominantly intracellular) and IGFBP-2 (predominantly secreted) to a similar extent (2- to 4-fold). |
| 139 | 7532054 | These results suggest that the increase in IGFBP-2 secreted by 293 cells after incubation with IGF-I or insulin largely results from a general stimulation of protein synthesis. |
| 140 | 7851872 | Earlier studies have demonstrated decreased levels of circulating Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I) in patients with NIDDM and IDDM (Yde 1969; Rieu and Binoux 1985), with a return to normal in those diabetics who achieve improved metabolic control (Rieu and Binoux 1985; Ameil, Sherwin, Hintz, Gertner, Press and Tamborlane 1984) following insulin therapy. |
| 141 | 7851872 | Following a GBP, IGF-I levels increased in the NIDDM group (142 ng/dl +/- 13.0; n = 20) to the extent that no significant difference was seen between postoperative NIDDM, obese controls, and lean controls. |
| 142 | 7535696 | IGFBP-1 is antagonistic to the insulin-like and growth promoting effects of IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 holds IGFs in the circulation by associating with IGFs and an acid labile subunit to form a ternary complex. |
| 143 | 7530649 | Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) binds to 150-kilodalton (kDa) protein complexes in adult rat serum that have higher affinity for IGF-II than IGF-I. |
| 144 | 7530649 | A 150-kDa pool, isolated after neutral Sephadex G-200 gel filtration of adult rat serum, bound IGF-II with approximately 80-fold greater affinity than IGF-I, but did not contain immunoprecipitable IGF-II/mannose-6-phosphate receptors, which bind IGF-II with the same preferential affinity. |
| 145 | 7534289 | We investigated whether Crk is a target for the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor tyrosine kinase. |
| 146 | 7534289 | IGF-I stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Crk II in a dose- and time-dependent manner. |
| 147 | 7535669 | These data confirm that subjects with IDDM have reduced serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and increased IGFBP-1 levels, the latter being directly related to the fasting plasma glucose concentrations. |
| 148 | 7535669 | The absence of any relation between changes in the IGF-I system and altered GH neuroregulation after cholinergic modulation suggests that changes in IGF-I are not the sole contributors to the altered GH neuroregulation which occurs in IDDM. |
| 149 | 7535669 | We have also shown an acute stimulatory effect of pirenzepine on serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in normal subjects which is not present in IDDM although the underlying mechanisms is unknown. |
| 150 | 7536202 | In conclusion; 1) IDDM is associated with alterations of the IGF-IGFBP system, which are partially accounted for by differences in metabolic control and pubertal status; 2) the lower plasma concentrations of serum IGF-I may play a role in the pathogenesis of growth impairment of poorly controlled prepubertal, but not pubertal, children and adolescents with IDDM; and 3) in addition, a potential role of the altered IGF-IGFBP system for the development of diabetic late complications is hypothesized. |
| 151 | 7709602 | Both events are regulated by TSHR via a multiplicity of signals, with the aid of and requirement for a multiplicity of hormones that regulate the TSHR via receptor cross-talk: insulin, IGF-I, adrenergic receptors, and purinergic receptors. |
| 152 | 7714089 | In adolescents (n = 104) treated for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), serum IGF-I (-19%), osteocalcin (-28%), and skeletal ALP (-28%) were markedly decreased, whereas total ALP was significantly increased (29%), and serum PICP remained normal. |
| 153 | 7714089 | In adult IDDM (n = 125), both serum IGF-I (-41%) and osteocalcin (-24%) were decreased, but skeletal ALP and PICP remained normal. |
| 154 | 7608267 | To address the relationship of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) to diabetes control, we determined IGF-I levels in 137 subjects age 17 yr and younger with recently diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort study between 3 and 11 months after diagnosis (mean 4.9 months). |
| 155 | 7608267 | These results suggest that lower IGF-I levels are related to poorer metabolic control of diabetes in the period following insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus diagnosis in all young persons regardless of age or pubertal status. |
| 156 | 7787209 | In summary, insulin-like growth factor-I levels are increased in some pancreatic cancer patients but this does not seem to favor tumor spread; however IGF-I could be involved influencing glucose homeostasis. |
| 157 | 7615080 | The effects of insulin and IGF-I on the cell surface quantities of GLUT1, GLUT3 and GLUT4 glucose transporters in L6 myotubes were determined with the exofacial bis-mannose phololabel (ATB-BMPA). |
| 158 | 7622000 | Specific high-affinity insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) binding, glucose transporter proteins GLUT1 and GLUT4, glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase proteins, and their specific mRNAs were identified in fused myotubes. |
| 159 | 7545695 | Moreover, in GH-deficient patients, the diurnal mean levels of IGFBP-1 were inversely correlated to IGF-I (r = -0.477; P < 0.05) and body mass index (r = -0.450; P < 0.05). |
| 160 | 7554520 | IGF-1 did not effect cellular type 1 collagen, decrease of 8.2 +/- 8.7%. |
| 161 | 7555552 | Lp(a) is elevated during puberty in normoalbuminuric subjects with IDDM, independent of metabolic control and IGF-I. |
| 162 | 7497000 | Despite its structural similarity to the insulin receptor, the IGF-I receptor is mainly involved in the transduction of growth and differentiation types of signals. |
| 163 | 7497000 | Transcription factor Sp1 is a strong activator of IGF-I receptor gene expression, whereas tumor suppressor WT1 represses its activity. |
| 164 | 7491107 | The proximal promoter region of the rat IGF-I receptor gene contains multiple Sp1 consensus-binding sites (GC boxes). |
| 165 | 8522066 | In summary, IGF-I significantly lowered blood glucose as reflected by short-term and long-term indexes of glycemic control and increased insulin sensitivity. |
| 166 | 8796133 | The sum of IGF-I and IGF-II (expressed as nmol/l) correlated with IGFBP-3; r = 0.47 in controls and 0.60 in diabetics. |
| 167 | 8796133 | The binding of IGFBP-3 for both IGF-I and IGF-II is unaltered by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| 168 | 8803477 | IGF-I (6.5 nM) maximally stimulated glucose uptake 7-fold after 24 h incubation, while 23 nM TNF-alpha maximally stimulated glucose uptake 3-fold only after 48 h incubation. |
| 169 | 8803477 | In contrast, the treatment with 23 nM TNF-alpha failed to phosphorylate either IGF-I receptor beta-subunit or IRS-1 but did phosphorylate MAP kinase as much as IGF-I did. |
| 170 | 8803477 | Despite a similar extent to which TNF-alpha induced MAP kinase phosphorylation as IGF-I did, TNF-alpha stimulated glucose uptake less compared to IGF-I. |
| 171 | 8910597 | The results of these separate analyses reveal that IGF-1 stimulates phosphorylation predominantly on tyrosyl residues Y132/141 of the second intracellular loop of the beta2-adrenergic receptor rather than the C-terminal region targeted by the activated insulin receptor (Y350/354, Y364), although both growth factors block beta-adrenergic agonist action. |
| 172 | 8910817 | We conclude that regulation of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations is disturbed in children with IDDM, in particular during adolescence. |
| 173 | 8916919 | In many tissues, the insulin receptor-related receptor (IRR) is colocalized with the homologous receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 174 | 9059862 | However, the supermitogenic insulin analogue [AspB10]insulin competed significantly more efficiently for IGF-I binding (IC50: 44 nM). |
| 175 | 9059862 | [Asp(B10)]Insulin produced a stimulation of DNA synthesis (about 3-fold) which was comparable to the effect of IGF-I and significantly (P < 0.005) higher than the effect of HOE 901 with the latter being essentially equipotent to native insulin. |
| 176 | 9059862 | It is suggested that differential interaction with IGF-I receptors significantly contributes to the action profile of insulin analogues. |
| 177 | 9369450 | The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBPs) are a family of proteins that bind IGF-I and IGF-II and modulate their biological activities. |
| 178 | 9388374 | Levels of collagen alpha1(1) mRNA were also increased by both insulin and IGF-1. |
| 179 | 9392495 | Three weeks after induction of diabetes, we measured renal kallikrein and renin mRNA levels, renal kallikrein and renal renin activity, and plasma renin activity in control and diabetic rats and diabetic rats treated with insulin or IGF-I for 2 or 5 h. |
| 180 | 9392495 | IGF-I, at a dosage that stimulated kallikrein mRNA levels in control rats, had no effect on renal kallikrein and renin content or mRNA levels in diabetic rats. |
| 181 | 9421396 | The results suggest that high glucose acts on pSMC to induce a change in IGFBP-4 proteolytic activity, which results in increased IGF-I availability to its receptors thereby enhancing the SMC proliferative response. |
| 182 | 9468528 | Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptors activate divergent signaling pathways by phosphorylating multiple cellular proteins, including insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and the Shc proteins. |
| 183 | 9468528 | This study investigates the relationship between IGF-I receptor internalization and signaling via IRS-1 and Shc. |
| 184 | 9468528 | Low temperature (15 degrees C) decreased IGF-I receptor internalization and completely inhibited Shc phosphorylation. |
| 185 | 9468528 | Consistent with these findings, dansylcadaverine inhibited IGF-I-stimulated Shc-Grb2 association, mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase activation, but did not affect the association of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase with IRS-1 or activation of p70 S6 kinase. |
| 186 | 9468528 | These data support the concept that Shc/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway activation requires IGF-I receptor internalization, whereas the IRS-1 pathway is activated by both cell surface and endosomal receptors. |
| 187 | 9795371 | Furthermore, biochemical markers indicating bone loss (ICTP) and increased bone turnover (PTH, OSC) correlated positively with IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-4 but negatively with IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5, while the opposite was observed with bone formation markers (PICP, B-ALP) and vitamin D3 metabolites. |
| 188 | 10629166 | In rats, OCT suppresses IGF-I mRNA expression and generation of serum and tissue IGF-I levels. |
| 189 | 11145579 | These IGF-I variants may potentially be useful for treating disease conditions associated with up-regulated IGFBP-1 levels, such as chronic or acute renal and hepatic failure or uncontrolled diabetes. |
| 190 | 11147784 | IGF-I promotes the survival of multiple cell types by activating the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), which signals downstream to a serine/threonine kinase termed Akt. |
| 191 | 11147784 | Hence, in the retina of diabetic rats, as in the retina of diabetic human donors, IGF-I mRNA levels are substantially lower than in age-matched nondiabetic controls, whereas IGF-IR activation and signaling are not affected, at least for some time. |
| 192 | 11147784 | This finding suggests that in the diabetic retina, the activation of the IGF-IR is modulated by influences that compensate for, or are compensated by, decreased IGF-I synthesis. |
| 193 | 11147791 | Human IGFBP-1 undergoes serine phosphorylation, and this enhances both its affinity for IGF-1 by six- to eightfold and its capacity to inhibit IGF-1 actions. |
| 194 | 11287103 | In normal rats, NPY markedly reduced plasma IGF-1 levels (470 +/- 40 versus 1260 +/- 90 ng/ml) and testosterone (0.53 +/- 0.28 versus 5.4 +/- 0.80 nmol/l in saline-infused controls, p < 0.0001). |
| 195 | 11422104 | IGF-I and IGF-I SDS increased significantly at 1 and 3 months (P < 0.001) after commencing GHR. |
| 196 | 11422741 | Immunohistology indicated that CTGF was expressed in renal cortex of diabetic rats, in contrast to controls in some tubular cross-sections, particularly dilated-appearing proximal tubules, in which it tended to colocalize with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). |
| 197 | 11422741 | CTGF has an IGF-binding domain and binds to IGF-I. |
| 198 | 11422741 | In NRK-49F cells, IGF-I increased the activity of CTGF towards the expression of Col alpha1III. |
| 199 | 11422741 | CTGF is expressed and regulated downstream from TGF-beta and HGF in proximal tubular cells, is induced by diabetic rat glomerular ultrafiltrate, and has moderate profibrogenic activity in tubular cells and renal interstitial fibroblasts, where its activity is IGF-I dependent. |
| 200 | 11895220 | Total IGF-I concentrations were similar between the two groups; however, the GH area under the curve and free insulin concentrations were increased in patients with type 1 diabetes (GH: diabetes: 94.8 +/- 15.1 vs. controls: 45.6 +/- 10-6, mU/L/h, P < 0.04; free insulin: diabetes: 78.4 +/- 5.0 vs. controls: 28.3 +/- 3.26, pmol/l, P < 0.001). |
| 201 | 11916914 | Transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced signal transduction was directly compared with that of glucose and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in INS-1 cells. |
| 202 | 11916914 | Phosphorylation of p70(S6K) was also increased by IGF-1/glucose, but not by TGF-alpha/EGF, despite upstream PKB activation. |
| 203 | 11916914 | It was found that IGF-1 induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) association with insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and -2 in a glucose-dependent manner, whereas TGF-alpha/EGF did not. |
| 204 | 11934682 | This study examined the effect of low-dose (40 microg.kg(-1).day(-1)) IGF-I therapy on VLDL apoB metabolism, VLDL composition, and the GH-IGF-I axis during euglycemia in type 1 diabetes. |
| 205 | 11934682 | IGF-I therapy changes fasting triglyceride concentrations and VLDL composition probably because of an increase in insulin sensitivity. |
| 206 | 12471165 | Combined knockout studies of insulin and Igf1 receptors indicate that the insulin receptor also promotes embryonic growth. |
| 207 | 12671184 | Mechanistically, insulin resistance has been associated with hyperinsulinemia, increased levels of growth factors including IGF-1, and alterations in NF-kappaB and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, which may promote colon cancer through their effects on colonocyte kinetics. |
| 208 | 12675960 | Analysis by quintiles of nutrient intake showed a significant increase in circulating IGF-I concentration with increasing dietary fat intake (F for trend=3.9, ), saturated fat intake and for protein intake There was also a significant increase in IGF-II by quintiles of dietary protein intake There was a trend for increasing IGF-I with increasing energy intake. |
| 209 | 12604504 | Addition of IGFBPs dose dependently reduced the KIRA signal, whereas addition of IGF-II to preformed complexes (1:1 molar ratio) of IGF-I and IGFBP dose dependently increased IGF-I bioactivity by displacement of bound IGF-I. |
| 210 | 12815005 | Circulating concentrations of insulin increase with dietary consumption of high glycemic index foods, which, in turn, may influence IGF-I levels or activity, but the relevance of such dietary patterns for breast cancer risk is unclear. |
| 211 | 12730241 | Because the other known PH-PTB proteins (insulin receptor substrates: IRS-1, IRS-2, IRS-3, and IRS-4, and the downstream of kinases: DOK-1, DOK-2, and DOK-3) are substrates of insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptors, we asked whether these new proteins, termed IRS5/DOK4 and IRS6/DOK5, might also have roles in insulin and IGF-1 signaling. |
| 212 | 12771153 | Because Grb10 has the structure of an adapter protein, the objective of this study was to determine whether Grb10 links other proteins to IGF-I receptors and thus modulates IGF-I signaling. |
| 213 | 12771153 | In IGF-I receptor-expressing R+ fibroblasts, there is detectable binding of a Myc-tagged fragment of GIGYF1 to Grb10 in the basal state. |
| 214 | 12771153 | Overexpression of the Grb10 binding fragment of GIGYF1 in R+ cells results in a significant increase in IGF-I-stimulated receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. |
| 215 | 12944100 | IGF-I acts on vascular endothelium to activate nitric oxide synthase, thereby promoting vascular health; there is reason to believe that this protection is especially crucial to the cerebral vasculature, helping to ward off thrombotic strokes. |
| 216 | 14506616 | Serum levels and liver mRNA expression of IGF-I determined by ribonuclease protection assay, plasma and pituitary growth hormone (GH), plasma insulin, and glycemia were also measured in both D populations. |
| 217 | 14510911 | Leptin correlated to kilogram fat mass in both women (r=0.55, P<0.001) and men (r=0.47, P=0.003), but in contrast, there were no significant correlations between GHBP and fat mass and GHBP and IGF-I, either in women or in men (all, r<0.24, P>0.2). |
| 218 | 14514630 | The present study suggests that whereas GH plays a major role in inducing insulin resistance, IGF-1 may have a direct modulatory role. |
| 219 | 14527633 | Specifically, hyperinsulinemia elevates serum concentrations of free insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and androgens, while simultaneously reducing insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). |
| 220 | 12970367 | Transducing cardiomyocytes with antisense Hsp60 oligonucleotides reduced Hsp60 expression, decreased the abundance of IGF-1R, attenuated IGF-1R autophosphorylation, and suppressed the pro-survival action of IGF-1 in cardiomyocytes. |
| 221 | 12970367 | Additional experiments showed that Hsp10 and Hsp60 suppressed polyubiquitination of IGF-1 receptor. |
| 222 | 14525912 | Leptin treatment corrected the fasting-induced growth deficiency, but further reduced the level of serum IGF-I. |
| 223 | 14525912 | These results indicate that leptin stimulates growth even in the presence of caloric restriction independently of peripheral IGF-I. |
| 224 | 14604834 | The effects of IGF-1 are mediated principally through the IGF-1R but are modulated by complex interactions with multiple IGF binding proteins that themselves are regulated by phosphorylation, proteolysis, polymerization, and cell or matrix association. |
| 225 | 15140033 | Interestingly, co-segregation of this IGF1 194 bp allele affected the risk of INS alleles. |
| 226 | 15037619 | This effect of IGF-I was specifically mediated by the IGF-IR, because IGF-I did not induce TDAG51 expression in NIH-3T3 cells overexpressing a dominant-negative IGF-I receptor. |
| 227 | 15037619 | Through the use of specific inhibitors of various protein kinases, we found that IGF-I induced TDAG51 expression via the p38 MAPK pathway. |
| 228 | 15037619 | The ERK, JNK, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways were not involved in IGF-I-induced regulation of TDAG51. |
| 229 | 15240578 | Contrary to expectation, intensive insulin therapy suppressed serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and acid-labile subunit concentrations. |
| 230 | 15447907 | We investigated the effects of IGF-I, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex steroids on body composition and fat distribution and the effects of these hormones and leptin on total body bone mineral content (TBMC) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) at the femoral neck and lumbar spine (LS) in 255 healthy children (137 girls), aged 7-8 y. |
| 231 | 15456195 | In all subjects, leptin levels were correlated with CSC (p = 0.04), CSD (p = 0.04) and IEM (p = 0.01), and IGF-1 levels were only correlated with CSC (p = 0.01). |
| 232 | 15456195 | IGF-1 was correlated with CSC (p = 0.001), CSD (p = 0.002) and IEM (p < 0.001) in boys but not in girls. |
| 233 | 15585589 | This study was designed to examine the influence and the signaling of IGF-I on Rstn gene expression and protein secretion by 3T3-L1 adipocytes. |
| 234 | 15585589 | We found that IGF-I suppressed Rstn mRNA expression and protein release in dose- and time-dependent manners. |
| 235 | 15585589 | Pretreatment with IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) antibody blocked IGF-I-altered IGF-IR activity and Rstn mRNA levels. |
| 236 | 15585589 | These data demonstrate that IGF-I downregulates Rstn gene expression via IGF-IR-dependent and MEK1-, p38 MAPK-, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-independent pathways and likely modifies the distribution of Rstn protein between the intracellular and extracellular compartments via a p38 MAPK-dependent pathway. |
| 237 | 15585589 | Decreases in Rstn production and secretion induced by IGF-I may be related to the mechanism by which IGF-I modulates body weight and diabetes in animals. |
| 238 | 16061670 | Here we show for the first time in vivo that overexpression of PTEN in the Wnt-1 transgenic mice resulted in a marked decrease in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I receptor levels leading to a reduced IGF-I-mediated mitogenesis. |
| 239 | 16061670 | The present study shows that PTEN can partially inhibit the Wnt-1-induced mammary tumorigenesis in early neoplastic stages by blocking the AKT pathway and by reducing the IGF-I receptor levels in mammary gland. |
| 240 | 16091781 | In contrast, no insulin-like effect was apparent in other tissues examined. 3H-2-deoxyglucose accumulation was similar in all tissues analyzed, including skeletal muscle, which is thought to be particularly sensitive to IGF-I. |
| 241 | 16091781 | These data suggest that the IGF-I aptamer affects clearance of radiolabeled IGF-I from the circulation, but has no marked effects on glucose nor insulin homeostasis. |
| 242 | 16424676 | IGF-1 potently induced CgA secretion. |
| 243 | 16549931 | The aim of the present study was to investigate whether moderately elevated IL-6 levels have short-term effects on circulating IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 proteolysis in vivo. |
| 244 | 16632241 | Qualitative results showed that caspase-3 and BAD immunoreactivities were also elevated in diabetes and reduced in IGF-I-treated animals. |
| 245 | 16887362 | Similar but less significant relationships were observed for IGFBP-3, whose levels were also significantly and directly correlated with those of free IGF-I. |
| 246 | 16984235 | We tested the hypothesis that restoration of circulating IGF-I concentrations in young adults with T1DM might suppress GH secretion, GFR and urinary albumin excretion. |
| 247 | 16998828 | Intensive research in these fields, combined with mouse models, is reviewed with respect to the molecular control of muscle growth (myogenesis) and atrophy/hypertrophy and fat deposition (adipogenesis) in skeletal muscle, with a focus on IGF-1/insulin signaling. |
| 248 | 17003344 | As there is a paucity of IGF-I receptors in the liver and as the IGF-IGFBP system in the central nervous system is emerging as physiologically relevant, we examined whether the effects of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 on insulin action are mediated through central mechanisms. |
| 249 | 17003344 | Marked, opposing, and independent physiological effects of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 through central mechanisms may have implications on potential strategies in specific modulation of peripheral insulin action. |
| 250 | 17046573 | In bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMCs) from wild-type as well as SHIP-deficient mice Ins as well as insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I)-triggered intracellular signaling events and MC effector functions were studied. |
| 251 | 17046573 | We found that the addition of either Ins or IGF-1 to BMMCs triggers the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB) and p38 kinase but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk). |
| 252 | 17047383 | According to the 2000 consensus criteria, biochemical control of acromegaly is achieved when circulating IGF-I is reduced to an age- and sex-adjusted normal range and GHn during OGTT is <1 microg/l. |
| 253 | 17047390 | Furthermore, preoperative somatostatin analogs have been suggested to improve outcome for tumors with limited invasiveness, while surgical tumor debulking in cases that are, at least partially, somatostatin resistant, increases the achievement of normal IGF-1 levels by postoperative somatostatin analog treatment. |
| 254 | 17011663 | Compared with diabetic patients without microalbuminuria (MA), MA diabetic patients display perturbed GH-IGF-IGFBP homeostasis, including increased circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 protease activity, increased excretion of bioactive GH, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3, but decreased circulating IGFBP-3 levels. |
| 255 | 17479439 | Coincubation of bovine adrenocortical cells with purified IGFBP-1 (30 nM) induced a time--and dose-dependent potentiating effect (38+/-2%) on IGF-I-stimulated (6.5 nM) cortisol-secretion, wheras the IGF-II induced steroidogenic effect was inhibited (40+/-3%) by IGFBP-1. |
| 256 | 17479439 | In order to evaluate the influence of different phosphorylation states of IGFBP-1 on the steroidogenic effect of IGF-I and IGF-II and on the affinity to IGFs, a highly phosphorylated (pIGFBP-1) and a dephosphorylated isoform (dIGFBP-1) of IGFBP-1 have been separated by anion exchange chromatography for further incubation experiments and binding studies. |
| 257 | 17479439 | No different effects on IGF-I or IGF-II-induced steroidogenesis were observed when a highly phosphorylated IGFBP-1 isoform was used, compared to the dephosphorylated IGFBP-1 isoforms. |
| 258 | 17479439 | IN CONCLUSION, these results demonstrate that in bovine adrenocortical cells IGFBP-1 time- and dose-dependently inhibits the steroidogenic effect of IGF-II and stimulates the effect of IGF-I. |
| 259 | 17479439 | The mechanisms by which IGFBP-1 divergently regulates the steroidogenic effect of IGF-I and IGF-II remain unclear at present and further investigation is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms by which IGFBP-1 modulates IGF action in the adult adrenal gland. |
| 260 | 17329141 | These results suggest that type 2 DM leads to a decrease in the IGF-I while elevating the IGFBP-1 levels. |
| 261 | 17426090 | Administration of rhIGF-I/rhIGFBP-3 resulted in a redistribution of the amount of IGF-I and IGF-II that bound to IGFBP-3. |
| 262 | 17573420 | The GHR fl/d3 genotype modulates the relationship between GH and IGF-1 concentrations in patients presenting with acromegaly. |
| 263 | 17652764 | The regulation of IGF-I signaling by glucose concentration was assessed by biochemical analysis of primary RECs grown in media containing normal (5 mM) and high (25 mM) glucose. |
| 264 | 17652764 | Glucose (25 mM) enhanced the proliferative response of RECs to IGF-I. |
| 265 | 17652764 | This study demonstrates that hyperglycemic conditions enhance the response of RECs to IGF-I by increasing the association of IAP with SHPS-1 permitting the formation of the SHPS-1-Shc signaling complex, which is required for the proliferative response to IGF-I. |
| 266 | 17537658 | In the larger subset of T2DM, GHR(d3) was associated with higher CRP levels as well as age adjusted IGF-I, with a trend of higher C-peptide secretion and impaired lipid levels, indicating a phenotype with metabolic disorder when compared to the GHR(fl/fl) T2DM subjects. |
| 267 | 17575366 | Here we report the rare case of acromegaly that presents inappropriately normal IGF-1 levels at the time of diagnosis in uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patient and shows increased IGF-1 levels after glycemic control with insulin therapy. |
| 268 | 17671378 | The PPAR-gamma activator rosiglitazone, used at maximum approved dosage, did not reduce plasma GH and IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. |
| 269 | 17534717 | Pegvisomant, a growth hormone receptor antagonist, suppresses IGF-1 levels into the normal range in over ninety percent of patients. |
| 270 | 17971008 | We provide evidence that Igf-1 regulates Hif-1alpha protein synthesis and activity during wound repair. |
| 271 | 17971008 | In addition, Igf-1 stimulated phosphytidylinositol 3-kinase activity in diabetic fibroblasts, which, in turn, increased activation of the translational regulatory protein, p70 S6 kinase. |
| 272 | 17904401 | We did not find any significant association between IGF-I and glucose intolerance in this study and the association for IGFBP-3 was less clear. |
| 273 | 18199585 | This study was designed to delineate the beneficial effects of IGF-I with a focus on RhoA, Akt, and eNOS coupling. |
| 274 | 18270301 | Although IGF-I might not promote islet cell growth, its overexpression is clearly antidiabetic by improving islet cell survival and/or providing insulin-like effects. |
| 275 | 18432585 | In the group of HD patients, PRL correlated directly with IFN-gamma and correlated inversely with IL-10; IFN-gamma correlated inversely with IL-4; and GH also correlated inversely with IGF-I and IL-4. |
| 276 | 18432585 | However, IGF-I correlated directly with IL-2 and IL-10. |
| 277 | 18303079 | Our objective was to compare the effects of oral vs. transdermal estrogen therapy on C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, E- and P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, serum amyloid A, transferrin, prealbumin, IGF-I, SHBG, thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) in naturally menopausal women. |
| 278 | 18309377 | Inhibiting the insulin receptor with neutralizing antibodies or antisense oligonucleotides had no effect on EPC outgrowth.(1) In contrast, targeting the human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor with neutralizing antibodies significantly suppressed insulin-induced outgrowth of EPCs from both healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes. |
| 279 | 18309377 | This IGF-1 receptor-mediated insulin effect on EPC growth was at least in part dependent on MAP kinases(2) and was abrogated when extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and protein kinase 38 (p38) activity was inhibited. |
| 280 | 18465359 | On the other hand, acute abundance of (exogenously administered) insulin and IGF-1 enhances ischaemia-induced VEGF expression. |
| 281 | 18535190 | After adjusting for age and sex, both IGF-1 and IL-6 were correlated with insulin resistance and individual components of MetS, but in opposite directions. |
| 282 | 18779578 | Up-regulation of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) expression and plasma levels and increasing IGF-1 receptor phosphorylation in muscle may explain the increased insulin receptor substrate 1, PI3K, and ERK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. |
| 283 | 18779578 | These findings suggest that leptin reverses the catabolic consequences of total lack of insulin, potentially by suppressing glucagon action on liver and enhancing the insulinomimetic actions of IGF-1 on skeletal muscle, and suggest strategies for making type 1 diabetes insulin-independent. |
| 284 | 18973876 | Insulin phosphorylated its receptor in the neuroblastoma cells but not in astrocytes and, like IGF-1, increased ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation. |
| 285 | 19008912 | This study shows that insulin can inhibit the mitogenic action of IGF-1 in mesangial cells by regulating STAT5/SOCS2 expression. |
| 286 | 19138973 | Treating these mice with EGCG also caused an increase in the serum level of IGFBP-3 while conversely decreasing the serum levels of IGF-I, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and leptin. |
| 287 | 19160571 | The independent positive association (P < 0.01) between the plasma ghrelin quartile and the carotid IMT was evident in the lowest IGF-I quartile. |
| 288 | 19121967 | Quantitative PCR (qPCR) confirmed the differential expression of genes including glycerol kinase (Gyk), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit, polypeptide 1 (p85 alpha) (Pik3r1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), and growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 1 (Gab1). |
| 289 | 19374858 | In HEK293 cells stably expressing recombinant insulin receptor or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor, transient expression of wild-type full length PC-1 (PC-1.FL.WT) but not the T256A or T256S mutants inhibits insulin signaling without affecting IGF1 signaling. |
| 290 | 19665690 | We previously reported that sensory neuron stimulation increases IGF-I production by releasing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). |
| 291 | 19665690 | Because angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibits sensory neuron activation by interacting with Ang II type 1 (AT(1)) receptors, it is possible that AT(1) receptor blockers (ARBs) increase IGF-I production in SHRs. |
| 292 | 19608653 | IGF-I increased NO synthase activity to an extent similar to that seen with insulin and in-vivo IGF-I led to serine phosphorylation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). |
| 293 | 19608653 | These data demonstrate that IGF-I increases eNOS phosphorylation in-vivo, increases eNOS activity, and leads to NO-dependent relaxation of conduit vessels. |
| 294 | 19617901 | Insulin and IGF-I increase association of the IR and IGF-IR with PyVmT, enhance tyrosine phosphorylation of PyVmT and augment the recruitment of Src and PLCgamma(1) to PyVmT. |
| 295 | 19689798 | Transcription factors PPARgamma, NFAT5, CREB5 and EBF1, the adipokine NAMPT, members of the insulin signaling cascade SORBS1 and IGF1 and IL6ST were repressed, while the adipokine THBS1 and GLUT4 involved in insulin signaling were induced. |
| 296 | 19773182 | Moreover, IL-8 was inversely correlated with IGF-1 (r=-0.40, p=0.03) and positively correlated with HbA1C (r=0.36, p=0.03). |
| 297 | 19773182 | In adolescents with T1DM and chronic, poor glucose control, increased serum IL-8 is associated with reduced IGF-1 suggesting a pro-inflammatory milieu that may contribute to alterations in the GH/IGF-1 axis. |
| 298 | 19907080 | Transgenic mice expressing either human LEPROT or human LEPROTL1 displayed growth retardation, reduced plasma IGF1 levels, and impaired hepatic sensitivity to GH, as measured by STAT5 phosphorylation and Socs2 mRNA expression. |
| 299 | 20017397 | The regulatory effects of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and relaxin on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and glycogen synthase (GS) activities have been studied in myometrium of pregnant women of control group and with diabetes mellitus of different etiology. |
| 300 | 20017397 | In pregnant women with types 1 diabetes insulin effect on the enzyme activity was lower than in the control, and the effects of IGF-1 and relaxin were absent. |
| 301 | 19896952 | Furthermore, IDE exhibits a remarkable ability to preferentially degrade structurally similar peptides such as the selective degradation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II and transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) over IGF-I and epidermal growth factor, respectively. |
| 302 | 20200935 | When untreated, primary IGF-1 deficiency may lead to a range of metabolic disorders, including lipid abnormalities, insulin resistance, and decreased bone density. |
| 303 | 20378848 | Circulating IGF-1 correlated negatively with insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment) (r=-0.1; P<0.0001) and was lower in participants with more components of the metabolic syndrome (Adult Treatment Panel III criteria) (P<0.0001). |
| 304 | 19940532 | This acute condition could partly be reversed by discontinuation of intensive insulin therapy, whereby glycemia increased and serum IGF-1 concentration decreased [Ophthalmologica 2003;217:373-377]. |
| 305 | 17928362 | For example, in several mouse mutants, impairment of the growth hormone (GH)/IGF1 axis increases life span and also insulin sensitivity. |
| 306 | 20302640 | HFD +/- NDEA caused T2DM, neurodegeneration with impairments in brain insulin, insulin receptor, IGF-2 receptor, or insulin receptor substrate gene expression, and reduced expression of tau and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), which are regulated by insulin and IGF-1. |
| 307 | 20689700 | The addition of TSP-1 to primary SMC was sufficient to enhance IGF-I responsiveness in normal glucose. |
| 308 | 20689700 | We have shown previously that the hyperglycemia induced protection of IAP from cleavage is an important component of the ability of hyperglycemia to enhance IGF-I signaling. |
| 309 | 20929508 | Hyperglycemia increases insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), especially IGF2, which acts via the IGF1 receptor present on renal cells. |
| 310 | 21166888 | Human recombinant GH stimulated JAK2 and STAT5b tyrosine phosphorylation and IGF-I production in a concentration-dependent manner. |
| 311 | 19642985 | D-410639 has little activation potential on IGF-1 receptor but is a moderate inhibitor to EGF receptor. |
| 312 | 20663687 | In fact, increased insulin, IGF-I and IGF-II levels are associated with tumor growth in vitro, in animal models, and in epidemiological studies in humans. |
| 313 | 21239445 | IGF-I induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy by stimulating protein synthesis and suppressing the protein degradation pathway; the downstream signaling pathways Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-p70-kDA-S6-kinase (p70S6K), and Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) play essential roles in this regulation. |
| 314 | 19029226 | Despite the increase in circulating leptin levels, there was no change in IGF1, IGF2, free IGF1, or IGF-binding proteins during the 2-month treatment period. |
| 315 | 21330367 | Transgenic mice that lack neuronal insulin receptor expression in the brain (NIRKO mice) were unable to mount the full hyperthermic response to IGF-1, suggesting that the IGF-1 mediated hyperthermia is partly dependent on expression of functional neuronal insulin receptors. |
| 316 | 21330367 | These data indicate a novel thermoregulatory role for both IGF-1R and neuronal insulin receptors in IGF-1 activation of BAT and hyperthermia. |
| 317 | 15671479 | Foxo1, a member of the Fox0 subfamily of winged-helix forkhead transcription factors, is a target of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signal transduction pathways that activate protein kinase B (PKB) in pancreatic beta cells. |
| 318 | 20733585 | In subjects younger than 55 years of age, homozygous carriers of the FTO risk allele exhibited lower serum IGF-I levels adjusted for 5-year age groups, gender and IGF-I binding protein 3 levels (linear regression, coefficientħs.e. for FTO AA genotype:-8.6ħ2.8; P=0.002). |
| 319 | 21219237 | Given that some of the modifications introduced into insulin analogues are located in a domain involved in a potential interaction with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), it has been postulated that certain analogues may display IGF-I-like activities. |
| 320 | 15886488 | IGFBP-3 product correlated closely with peak IGF-I level (r = 0.85; p < 0.007). |
| 321 | 21354306 | Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor signaling inhibits glucose-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death. |
| 322 | 20360006 | In wild-type preadipocytes, which express predominantly IGF1R, microarray analysis revealed approximately 500 IGF-1 regulated genes (p < 0.05). |
| 323 | 20360006 | Measurement of the 50 most highly regulated genes by quantitative PCR did not reveal a single gene regulated uniquely via the IR or IGF1R using cells expressing exclusively IGF-1 or insulin receptors. |
| 324 | 20360006 | Thus, IR and IGF1R act as identical portals to the regulation of gene expression, with differences between insulin and IGF-1 effects due to a modulation of the amplitude of the signal created by the specific ligand-receptor interaction. |
| 325 | 21309053 | Modulating the IGF-1 availability to the kidney by nitric oxide synthase inhibition significantly reduced renal hypertrophy and hyperfiltration during the first week of STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. |
| 326 | 21592969 | It has been shown that the transcription factor Stat5b mediates the GH promoting effect on IGF-1 expression and on chondrogenesis, yet it is not known whether other signaling molecules are activated by GH in growth plate chondrocytes. |
| 327 | 21592969 | Lastly, the inhibition of Stat5b expression in chondrocytes prevented the GH promoting effects on NF-?B-DNA binding, whereas the inhibition of NF-?B p65 expression or activity prevented the GH-dependent activation of IGF-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression. |
| 328 | 7983791 | Recent reports provide evidence that mutations in the insulin-receptor gene are, at least in pant, the cause of this syndrome, and that recombinant IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-1) reduces hyperglycemia in patients of this syndrome. |
| 329 | 21540285 | Some studies suggest that targeting insulin receptor signaling may be an important alternative or adjunct to targeting IGF-I receptor signaling. |
| 330 | 21850156 | The decrease in Akt phosphorylation is likely caused by increased insulin receptor substrate-1 serine 307 (IRS-1(Ser307)) phosphorylation, which is inhibitory to IGF-1 receptor signaling. |
| 331 | 21567076 | After 4 weeks, the diabetic rats exhibited bone loss, low levels of osteocalcin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with normal levels of bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and cathepsin K activity, and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (Dpd). |
| 332 | 21549192 | We investigate whether the action of IGF-1 (1) involves glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3?) and cAMP responsive transcription factor (CREB) and (2) alters ECM/adhesion molecule gene expression. |
| 333 | 21549192 | Treatment of TR-iBRB2 cell with IGF-1 (100ng/ml for 0-24h) increases phosphorylation of (i) Akt Thr308, and its substrates including GSK-3? at Ser9, which inactivates its kinase function, and (ii) CREB at Ser133 (activation). |
| 334 | 21549192 | Furthermore, IGF-1 reduces the level of intercellular adherence molecule VE-cadherin and increases monolayer permeability in TR-iBRB2 cells when measured by FITC-dextran leakage. |
| 335 | 21549192 | Similarly, K-CREB reverses IGF-1 down-regulation of VE-cadherin and up-regulation of fibronectin. |
| 336 | 21435176 | Whereas the density of brain insulin receptor decreases during age, IGF-1 receptor increases, suggesting that specific insulin-mediated signals is involved in aging and possibly in cognitive decline. |
| 337 | 21673100 | The ability of IGF-I to stimulate protein synthesis is suppressed by AMPK, therefore, these studies were undertaken to determine whether IGF-I modulates AMPK activity. |
| 338 | 21673100 | Expression of this altered form inhibited the ability of IGF-I to suppress AMPK T172 activation, which resulted in inhibition of IGF-I-stimulated phosphorylation of P70S6 kinase. |
| 339 | 21673100 | In contrast, expression of an AMPK S485D mutant resulted in constitutive suppression of AMPK activity and was associated with increased IGF-I-stimulated P70S6K phosphorylation and protein synthesis. |
| 340 | 21673100 | The addition of a specific AKT inhibitor or expression of an AKT1 short hairpin RNA inhibited AMPK S485 phosphorylation, and it attenuated the IGF-I-induced decrease in AMPK T172 phosphorylation. |
| 341 | 21673100 | Exposure to high glucose concentrations suppressed AMPK activity and stimulated S485 phosphorylation, and IGF-I stimulated a further increase in S485 phosphorylation and AMPK T172 suppression. |
| 342 | 21673100 | We conclude that AMPK S485 phosphorylation negatively regulates AMPK activity by modulating the T172 phosphorylation response to high glucose and IGF-I. |
| 343 | 21839662 | Although insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S) are involved in age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, the association of these hormones with serum adiponectin level is still unclear. |
| 344 | 21839662 | IGF-I was negatively correlated with adiponectin (r=-0.25, p<0.001) and DHEA-S was negatively correlated with adiponectin and HbA1c (r=-0.17, p=0.003 and r=-0.12, p=0.027, respectively). |
| 345 | 21839662 | Adiponectin was negatively associated with IGF-I (?=-0.15, p=0.013), but not DHEA-S. |
| 346 | 21839662 | Present cross-sectional study for the first time showed a negative association of serum IGF-I with serum adiponectin in Japanese men with type 2 diabetes independent of age, duration of diabetes, BMI, renal function, and HbA1c. |
| 347 | 21539480 | Because physical inactivity may share elevated pro-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase) and insufficient stress response (insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1], heat-shock protein 25 [HSP25], NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 [SIRT-3], and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1[PGC-1?]) signaling with aging and chronic disease, it is critical to distinguish true aging from chronic inactivity or underlying disease. |
| 348 | 21672515 | To further estimate the biological activity of the expressed hIGF-I, streptozotocin-induced TIDM mice were orally administered with the PSG powder of the transgenic silkworms, the results showed the blood glucose levels of mice were significantly reduced, suggesting that the the PSGs powder of transgenic hIGF-I silkworms could possibly be used as a perorally administered medicine. |
| 349 | 21628395 | The KID and KIR mutant proteins have reduced affinity for the IGFBPs, and therefore present as unbound IGF1, or 'free IGF1'. |
| 350 | 21628395 | We found that both KID and KIR mice have reduced serum IGF1 levels and a concomitant increase in serum growth hormone levels. |
| 351 | 21628395 | Ternary complex formation of IGF1 with the IGFBPs and the ALS was markedly reduced in sera from KID and KIR mice compared with wild type. |
| 352 | 11113178 | These data suggest that IRS-3 and IRS-4 may act as negative regulators of the IGF-1 signaling pathway by suppressing the function of other IRS proteins at several steps. |
| 353 | 11272176 | Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins mediate a variety of the metabolic and growth-promoting actions of insulin and IGF-1. |
| 354 | 21972778 | Six well characterised binding proteins (IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6) act as general carriers of IGF-I, but they also modulate IGF-I bioavailability and activity in a tissue-specific, and developmentally appropriate, manner. |
| 355 | 12647305 | MG rendered these cells resistant to the mitogenic action of IGF-I, and this was associated with stronger and prolonged activation of ERK and over-expression of P21(Waf1/Cip1). |
| 356 | 12647305 | The synergistic effect of MG with IGF-I in activation of ERK was completely abolished by PD98059 but not by a specific PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, or a specific PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide. |
| 357 | 12647305 | Blocking of Raf-1 activity by expression of a dominant negative form of Raf-1 did not reduce the enhancing effect of MG on IGF-I-induced activation of ERK. |
| 358 | 18467435 | Prevention of atrophy by IGF-I was associated with restoration of Akt phosphorylation and beta-catenin levels. |
| 359 | 18467435 | In conclusion, this work indicates that Akt, GSK-3beta, and beta-catenin probably contribute together to the IGF-I anti-atrophic effect in GC-induced muscle atrophy. |
| 360 | 18538359 | Thus, calcineurin inhibition decreased IRS-2 level via proteasomal IRS-2 degradation, attenuating IGF-I-induced GSK-3beta and ERK pathways. |
| 361 | 19472218 | We have also shown that inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity of insulin receptor (IR) and/or insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) receptor (IGFR) reverses the PLTP-induced increase in levels of phosphorylated Akt (pAkt(Thr308) and pAkt(Ser473)), suggesting that PLTP-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway is dependent on IR/IGFR receptor tyrosine kinase activity. |
| 362 | 21550077 | The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, growth hormone, free IGF-I, total IGF-I (associated to insulin-like growth factor binding proteins plus free), and corticosterone were measured in 13-week-old ZDF rats and in age-matched controls under fasting and postprandial conditions. |
| 363 | 22034225 | GH and IGF-I exert their biological effects through binding to respective receptors (GHR and IGF-IR) and subsequently engaging downstream signaling pathways. |
| 364 | 22034225 | More importantly, GH and IGF-I synergistically activate both signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 and Akt pathways. |