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Gene Information
Gene symbol: PRKAA1
Gene name: protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit
HGNC ID: 9376
Synonyms: AMPKa1
Related Genes
Related Sentences
| # | PMID | Sentence |
| 1 | 21911750 | It is interesting that activation of AMPK by A769662 attenuated NF-?B-p65 DNA binding activity in obese T2D cells to levels measured in nonobese myocytes; however, this had no effect on insulin sensitivity of the cells. |
| 2 | 21911750 | Despite attenuation of NF-?B activity by AMPK, insulin resistance in obese T2D cells remained, suggesting factors in addition to inflammation may contribute to the insulin resistance phenotype in muscle cells. |
| 3 | 11287349 | The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been hypothesized to mediate contraction and 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-D-ribonucleoside (AICAR)-induced increases in glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 4 | 11287349 | In isolated muscles, the putative AMPK inhibitors ara-A, 8-bromo-AMP, and iodotubercidin fully inhibited AICAR-stimulated AMPK alpha 2 activity and 3-MG uptake but had little effect on AMPK alpha 1 activity. |
| 5 | 11423471 | Accordingly, it can be suggested that in pancreatic beta-cells, AMPK also acts by decreasing HNF-4alpha protein level, and therefore insulin secretion. |
| 6 | 11598104 | Here we report the first evidence of a direct interaction between AMPK and the most upstream component of the insulin-signaling cascade, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). |
| 7 | 11598104 | We find that AMPK rapidly phosphorylates IRS-1 on Ser-789 in cell-free assays as well as in mouse C2C12 myotubes incubated with AICAR. |
| 8 | 11598104 | These results demonstrate the existence of an interaction between AMPK and early insulin signaling that could be of importance to our understanding of the potentiating effects of exercise on insulin signaling. |
| 9 | 12058043 | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a major role in the regulation of cardiac fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and reducing malonyl-CoA levels. |
| 10 | 12058043 | Leptin has also been shown to increase fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle through the activation of AMPK. |
| 11 | 12058043 | We also show that the effects of leptin in the heart are independent of changes in the AMPK-ACC-malonyl-CoA axis. |
| 12 | 12464581 | We also found no significant difference in various established downstream targets of AMPK: ACC activity, malonyl-CoA levels, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity, or GPAT activity. |
| 13 | 12663462 | Activation of AMPK has been associated with enhanced expression of key metabolic proteins such as GLUT-4, hexokinase II (HKII), and mitochondrial enzymes, similar to exercise. |
| 14 | 12683939 | It is concluded that prolonged stimulation of AMPK can induce apoptosis of insulin-producing cells through an activation pathway that involves JNK, and subsequently, caspase-3. |
| 15 | 12589707 | Using pharmacological and molecular strategies to regulate AMPK activity in rat islets and clonal MIN6 beta-cells, we show here that the effects of AMPK are exerted largely upstream of insulin release. |
| 16 | 12589707 | These results indicate that inhibition of AMPK by glucose is essential for the activation of insulin secretion by the sugar, and may contribute to the transcriptional stimulation of the preproinsulin gene. |
| 17 | 12944390 | We conclude that adiponectin has novel vascular actions to directly stimulate production of NO in endothelial cells using phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathways involving phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1179 by AMPK. |
| 18 | 14500570 | Thus, factors that activate AMPK and decrease the concentration of malonyl CoA in peripheral tissues, such as exercise, decrease triglyceride accumulation in the adipocyte and other cells. |
| 19 | 14500570 | Recent studies suggest that the ability of leptin, adiponectin, 5'-aminoimidazole 4-carboxamide riboside (AICAR), adrenergic agonists, and metformin to diminish adiposity may be mediated, at least in part, by AMPK activation in peripheral tissues. |
| 20 | 14532170 | Acute or chronic activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) increases insulin sensitivity. |
| 21 | 14532170 | These data suggest that impaired insulin action on glycogen synthesis and lipid oxidation in skeletal muscle of obese type 2 diabetic subjects is unlikely to involve changes in AMPK expression and activity. |
| 22 | 14871885 | Whether metformin or the satiety factor leptin, which also stimulates AMPK in muscle, regulates this enzyme in pancreatic islets is unknown. |
| 23 | 14871885 | We have recently shown that forced increases in AMPK activity inhibit insulin secretion from MIN6 cells (da Silva Xavier G, Leclerc I, Varadi A, Tsuboi T, Moule SK, and Rutter GA. |
| 24 | 14871885 | Here, we explore whether 1) glucose, metformin, or leptin regulates AMPK activity in isolated islets from rodent and human and 2) whether changes in AMPK activity modulate insulin secretion from human islets. |
| 25 | 14871885 | Incubation with metformin (0.2-1 mM) activated AMPK in both human islets and MIN6 beta-cells in parallel with an inhibition of insulin secretion, whereas leptin (10-100 nM) was without effect in MIN6 cells. |
| 26 | 15068958 | We recently found that, in cultured cells, the LKB1 tumor suppressor protein kinase activates AMPK in response to the metformin analog phenformin and the AMP mimetic drug 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR). |
| 27 | 15068958 | We have also reported that LKB1 activates 11 other AMPK-related kinases. |
| 28 | 15068958 | In this study, we have investigated whether contraction, phenformin, and AICAR influence LKB1 and AMPK-related kinase activity in rat skeletal muscle. |
| 29 | 15068958 | Contraction, phenformin, or AICAR did not significantly increase activities or expression of the AMPK-related kinases QSK, QIK, MARK2/3, and MARK4 in skeletal muscle. |
| 30 | 15068958 | The results of this study suggest that muscle contraction, phenformin, or AICAR activates AMPK by a mechanism that does not involve direct activation of LKB1. |
| 31 | 15068958 | They also suggest that the effects of excercise, phenformin, and AICAR on metabolic processes in muscle may be mediated through activation of AMPK rather than activation of LKB1 or the AMPK-related kinases. |
| 32 | 15242807 | The present study demonstrates that metformin (0.5-2mM) also dose-dependently activates AMPK in insulin-producing MIN6 cells and in primary rat beta-cells, leading to increased phosphorylation of acetyl coA carboxylase (ACC). |
| 33 | 15265871 | Because the eNOS knockout mice expressed normal levels of AMPK-alpha that was activated by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside, an AMPK agonist, these data indicate that RNS generated by metformin is required for AMPK activation in vivo. |
| 34 | 15265871 | Using pharmacological and genetic inhibitors, we found that inhibition of either c-Src or PI3K abolished AMPK that was enhanced by metformin. |
| 35 | 15547141 | To determine the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation on the regulation of fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation, we perfused rat hindquarters with 6 mM glucose, 10 microU/ml insulin, 550 microM palmitate, and [14C]palmitate during rest (R) or electrical stimulation (ES), inducing low-intensity (0.1 Hz) muscle contraction either with or without 2 mM 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR). |
| 36 | 15547141 | When contraction and AICAR treatment were combined, the AICAR-induced increase in AMPK activity (34%) did not account for the synergistic increase in FA oxidation (175%) observed under similar conditions. |
| 37 | 15632103 | Thus insulin has selective metabolic actions in mouse cardiomyocytes; deoxyglucose uptake and Akt phosphorylation are increased, but fatty acid oxidation and AMPK phosphorylation are unchanged. |
| 38 | 15677757 | The results demonstrate that 0.1 mM DNP induces 2.2- and 9-fold increases in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, respectively. |
| 39 | 15893773 | We therefore investigated a possible adiponectin-induced activation of AMPK in beta cells. |
| 40 | 15893773 | Like the pharmacological AMPK activator 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide-riboside (AICAR), adiponectin activated AMPK in beta cells and MIN6 cells. |
| 41 | 15893773 | We conclude that adiponectin induces an activation of AMPK in beta cells, which inhibits their cataplerosis of glucose-carbon to lipids. |
| 42 | 16054041 | AMPK is regulated by upstream kinases of which the tumor suppressor, LKB1, is the first to be identified. |
| 43 | 16054041 | Complex signaling networks suggest that AMPK may prevent insulin resistance, in part by inhibiting pathways that antagonize insulin signaling. |
| 44 | 16054041 | Through signaling, metabolic, and gene expression effects, AMPK enhances insulin sensitivity and fosters a metabolic milieu that may reduce the risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes. |
| 45 | 16293770 | We investigated here whether adenovirus-mediated changes in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, previously shown to affect insulin secretion in vitro, might affect islet graft function in vivo. |
| 46 | 16721034 | However, DEX reduced leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in the cortex and hypothalamus, and it increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation only in the hypothalamus. |
| 47 | 16380484 | Treatment with metformin and AICAR inhibited hyperglycemia-induced intracellular and mtROS production, stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, and increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated response-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNAs. |
| 48 | 16326714 | Both TZDs and adiponectin have been shown to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the same target tissues. |
| 49 | 16326714 | Adiponectin is required for the activation of AMPK upon TZD administration in both liver and muscle. |
| 50 | 16326714 | In summary, adiponectin is an important contributor to PPARgamma-mediated improvements in glucose tolerance through mechanisms that involve the activation of the AMPK pathway. |
| 51 | 16408445 | Exercise seems to improve insulin resistance through mitochondrial function by activating AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) and PPARgamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha). |
| 52 | 16505231 | Alpha1-adrenoceptors are Gq-coupled receptors, and calcium but not phorbol esters could mimic the effect of alpha1-adrenergic stimulation; and we show that protein kinase C is not involved as an upstream signal to AMPK by alpha1-adrenergic stimulation and that the AMP-to-ATP ratio is unaltered after alpha1-adrenergic stimulation. |
| 53 | 16505231 | These results suggest a novel pathway where alpha1-adrenoceptor activation, independent of protein kinase C, leads to activation of AMPK in skeletal muscle, which contributes to alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated increases in glucose uptake. |
| 54 | 16515522 | These data, along with evidence from studies showing that chemical activation of AMPK in vivo with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) improves blood glucose concentrations and lipid profiles, make this enzyme an attractive pharmacological target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders. |
| 55 | 16622294 | AMPK activation is also involved in the mechanism of action of metformin and adiponectin. |
| 56 | 16630552 | Finally, sodium acetate, in the form of neutralized AcOH, directly activated AMPK and lowered the expression of genes such as for glucose-6-phosphatase and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 in rat hepatocytes. |
| 57 | 16634986 | AdipoR1 is most highly expressed in skeletal muscle and has a prominent action to activate AMPK, and hence promote lipid oxidation. |
| 58 | 16634986 | AdipoR2 is most highly expressed in liver, where it enhances insulin sensitivity and reduces steatosis via activation of AMPK and increased peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha ligand activity. |
| 59 | 17003332 | Furthermore, IL-6 rapidly and markedly increased AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 60 | 17003332 | Our results demonstrate that acute IL-6 treatment enhances insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans in vivo, while the effects of IL-6 on glucose and fatty acid metabolism in vitro appear to be mediated by AMPK. |
| 61 | 17003345 | Thus, our findings suggest that in addition to ameliorating insulin resistance, TZDs may enhance AMPK-stimulated glucose clearance into peripheral tissues in insulin-resistant states. |
| 62 | 17126822 | Another mechanism involves the inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) synthesis of malonyl-CoA, due to AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation of ACC. |
| 63 | 17287464 | Suppression of APPL1 expression by RNA interference significantly attenuated adiponectin-induced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) at Thr(172) and eNOS at Ser(1177), and the complex formation between eNOS and heat shock protein 90, resulting in a marked reduction of NO production. |
| 64 | 17287469 | The objective of this study was to determine whether CaMKKalpha regulates skeletal muscle glucose uptake, and whether it is dependent on AMPK and/or Akt activation. |
| 65 | 17438370 | The factors contributing to defects in fatty acid metabolism are not understood but new data demonstrates that increased TNFalpha in obesity increases protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C), which in turn suppresses the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical regulator of energy metabolism.(1) These data identify a novel mechanism by which inflammation in obesity is a precursor to defects in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation that generates a vicious cycle exacerbating the development of insulin resistance. |
| 66 | 17464184 | AMPK plays a central role in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, and hence it is considered a novel therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome such as type 2 diabetes. t-RVT significantly induced glucose uptake in C2C12 cells, via AMPK activation, but not a phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI-3 kinase) signal pathway. |
| 67 | 17464184 | However, in the presence of insulin, t-RVT also potentiated the effect of insulin on glucose uptake via AMPK activation, which led to further activation of PI-3 kinase/Akt signal pathway. |
| 68 | 17476361 | Organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) plays a role in the hepatic uptake of metformin, but its role in the therapeutic effects of the drug, which involve activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is unknown. |
| 69 | 17496363 | These data, along with evidence from studies showing that chemical activation of AMPK in vivo with 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) improves blood glucose concentrations and lipid profiles, make this enzyme an attractive pharmacological target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders. |
| 70 | 17504187 | We caution that despite the convincing associations between the activation of AMPK signalling and the restoration of insulin sensitivity, future studies in genetic models of AMPK deficiency or constitutive activation within skeletal muscle are needed to evaluate the quantitative role of AMPK and to validate whether strategies designed to activate skeletal muscle AMPK may be important for regulating whole-body insulin sensitivity. |
| 71 | 17513699 | To determine whether AMPK is involved in concomitant metabolic adaptations to training, we measured markers of mitochondria (citrate synthase and succinate dehydrogenase) and glucose uptake capacity (GLUT4 and hexokinase II). |
| 72 | 17513706 | The effects of AICAR and exercise on muscle AMPK activity/phosphorylation and 2DG uptake were determined. |
| 73 | 17652778 | LKB1 (Par-4) is required for normal activation of AMPK in the liver and also regulates cell polarity. |
| 74 | 17652778 | Demonstration that metformin, a common drug for Type 2 diabetes, requires LKB1 for full therapeutic benefit has increased interest in AMPK signaling. |
| 75 | 17709097 | The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) has been proposed to be a component of AMPK-mediated signaling. |
| 76 | 17709097 | Here we used several different models of altered AMPK activity to determine whether p38 MAPK is a downstream intermediate of AMPK-mediated signaling in skeletal muscle. |
| 77 | 17709097 | Despite activated AMPK, basal p38 MAPK phosphorylation was not different between wild type and gamma1R70Q TG mice. |
| 78 | 17709097 | Furthermore, AMPKalpha2i TG mice lacking contraction-stimulated AMPK activity have normal p38 MAPK phosphorylation. |
| 79 | 17709097 | These results suggest that p38 MAPK is not a downstream component of AMPK-mediated signaling in skeletal muscle. |
| 80 | 17884446 | We also explored whether the levels of AMPK, ACC, and GLUT4 will be altered with the changed adiponectin and its receptors in STZ diabetic rat hearts. |
| 81 | 17855357 | However, in HeLa cells, which lack LKB1 but express the alternate upstream kinase calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase-beta, phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in response to A-769662 still occurs. |
| 82 | 18171435 | Evidence now suggests that the improvements in insulin sensitivity associated with exercise training are also related to changes in the expression and/or activity of proteins involved in insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the protein kinase B (Akt) substrate AS160. |
| 83 | 18222959 | Phosphorylation of eNOS Ser1177, AMPK Thr172, and Akt Ser 473 was increased in the adiponectin group (P < 0.05). |
| 84 | 18285556 | Berberine (BBR) activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and improves insulin sensitivity in rodent models of insulin resistance. |
| 85 | 18285556 | RESULTS; We have made the following novel observations: 1) BBR dose-dependently inhibited respiration in L6 myotubes and muscle mitochondria, through a specific effect on respiratory complex I, similar to that observed with metformin and rosiglitazone; 2) activation of AMPK by BBR did not rely on the activity of either LKB1 or CAMKKbeta, consistent with major regulation at the level of the AMPK phosphatase; and 3) a novel BBR derivative, dhBBR, was identified that displayed improved in vivo efficacy in terms of counteracting increased adiposity, tissue triglyceride accumulation, and insulin resistance in high-fat-fed rodents. |
| 86 | 18285556 | Complex I of the respiratory chain represents a major target for compounds that improve whole-body insulin sensitivity through increased AMPK activity. |
| 87 | 18377870 | We report that expression of a constitutively active form of Akt increases mTOR activity and prevents apoptosis upon AMPK activation. |
| 88 | 18377870 | It is concluded that Akt stimulation of mTOR and subsequent activation of the targets by which mTOR affects protein translation are required and sufficient mechanisms for Akt-mediated survival of beta cells undergoing sustained AMPK activation. |
| 89 | 18349383 | In the absence of alterations in plasma adiponectin concentrations, acceleration of insulin-stimulated glucose turnover in skeletal muscle of mUCP1 TG mice was accompanied by increased phosphorylated Akt-to-Akt and phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-to-AMPK ratios compared with WT mice. |
| 90 | 18349383 | UCP1-mediated uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle was paralleled by AMPK activation and thereby stimulated insulin-mediated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. |
| 91 | 18387000 | The LKB1 tumour suppressor phosphorylates and activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) when cellular energy levels are low, thereby suppressing growth through multiple pathways, including inhibiting the mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) kinase that is activated in the majority of human cancers. |
| 92 | 18387000 | We demonstrate that inhibition of AMPK resulting from a hypomorphic mutation that decreases LKB1 expression does not lead to tumorigenesis on its own, but markedly accelerates tumour development in PTEN(+/-) mice. |
| 93 | 18387000 | We demonstrate that LKB1 is required for activators of AMPK to inhibit mTORC1 signalling as well as cell growth in PTEN-deficient cells. |
| 94 | 18435912 | We report that a synthetic structural isomer of dihydrocapsiate, isodihydrocapsiate (8-methylnonanoic acid 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzyl ester) improves type 2 diabetes by activating AMPK through the LKB1 pathway. |
| 95 | 18496818 | Together, our data suggest a putative link between high glucose and insulin resistance in HepG2 cells, and the EGCG treatment attenuates insulin signaling blockade by reducing IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation through the AMPK activation pathway. |
| 96 | 18544643 | Activation of either the AMPK or calcineurin pathway can also enhance the glycogen storage capacity and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. |
| 97 | 18606183 | Recently some GPCRs have been shown to mediate part of their effects through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a sensor of whole body energy status that plays a pivotal role in whole body energy balance by integrating signals in the periphery and central nervous system. |
| 98 | 18721796 | Moreover, metformin significantly activated AMPK in dose- and time-dependent manners, and induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expressions. |
| 99 | 18721796 | Supplementation of Ara-A (0.1mM), a specific AMPK inhibitor, significantly reversed the metformin-induced eNOS and BMP-2 expressions. |
| 100 | 18835932 | Confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or mice were treated with 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxamide riboside (AICAR) for the detection of AMPK phosphorylation and the expression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP)-2. |
| 101 | 18835932 | Inhibition of p38 kinase with SB239063, which had no effect on AICAR-induced AMPK-Thr172 phosphorylation, dose dependently suppressed AICAR-induced upregulation of UCP-2, suggesting that AMPK lies upstream of p38 kinase. |
| 102 | 19136982 | We have found that decreased high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin plays a crucial and causal role in obesity-linked insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome; that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 serve as the major AdipoRs in vivo; and that AdipoR1 activates the AMP kinase (AMPK) pathway and AdipoR2, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) pathway in the liver, to increase insulin sensitivity and decrease inflammation. |
| 103 | 19136982 | Further conclusions are that decreased adiponectin action and increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) form a vicious adipokine network causing obesity-linked insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome; PPARgamma upregulates HMW adiponectin and PPARalpha upregulates AdipoRs; that dietary osmotin can serve as a naturally occurring adiponectin receptor agonist; and finally, that under starvation conditions, MMW adiponectin activates AMPK in hypothalamus, and promotes food intake, and at the same time HMW adiponectin activates AMPK in peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscle, and stimulates fatty-acids combustion. |
| 104 | 18256928 | Stimulation of AMPK by metformin resulted in a significant repression of cell proliferation and active MAPK1/2 in both estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) negative (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435) and positive (MCF-7, T47D) human breast cancer cell lines. |
| 105 | 19169663 | The effects of leptin on food intake, body weight, metabolic variables, tissue triacylglycerol content and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity were examined. |
| 106 | 19169663 | Leptin also decreased liver and skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content accompanied by an increase of alpha2 AMPK activity in skeletal muscle. |
| 107 | 19188503 | Collectively, our results demonstrated that AMPK deficiency significantly increases MI/R injury in vivo but has minimal effect on the antioxidative/antinitrative protection of adiponectin. |
| 108 | 19188427 | IL-6 blunted increases in insulin signaling, eNOS phosphorylation (Ser1177), and NO production and reduced phosphorylation of AMPK in HAEC in vitro and capillary recruitment in vivo. |
| 109 | 19190259 | We demonstrated previously that, in healthy young men, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR) stimulates human muscle 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) uptake without detectable activation of muscle AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) but with extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation. |
| 110 | 19190259 | We determined 1) 2DG uptake, 2) total AMPKalpha activity, AMPK, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and AS160 phosphorylation, and 3) ERK1/2 phosphorylation. |
| 111 | 19190259 | At 3-h AMPK activity and AMPK, ACC and AS160 phosphorylation were unchanged, but ERK1/2 phosphorylation increased at both AICAR doses. |
| 112 | 19208911 | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt, both activated by contraction, can each phosphorylate AS160 and TBC1D1 in cell-free assays. |
| 113 | 19208911 | These data suggest that 1) insulin stimulates glucose transport and phosphorylation of AS160 and TBC1D1 in a PI 3-kinase/Akt-dependent manner, 2) contraction stimulates PAS-AS160 (but not PAS-TBC1D1 or glucose transport) in a PI 3-kinase/Akt-dependent manner, and 3) contraction stimulates PAS-TBC1D1 and glucose transport (but not PAS-AS160) in an AMPK-dependent manner. |
| 114 | 19262508 | Here we demonstrate that AMPK controls the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism in mouse skeletal muscle by acting in coordination with another metabolic sensor, the NAD+-dependent type III deacetylase SIRT1. |
| 115 | 19262508 | AMPK enhances SIRT1 activity by increasing cellular NAD+ levels, resulting in the deacetylation and modulation of the activity of downstream SIRT1 targets that include the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1alpha and the forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and O3 (FOXO3a) transcription factors. |
| 116 | 19262508 | The AMPK-induced SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of these targets explains many of the convergent biological effects of AMPK and SIRT1 on energy metabolism. |
| 117 | 19416713 | These effects appear to be secondary to increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and sterol response element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and a reduction in phosphorylation of AMPK without changes in the expression of enzymes in ketogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, or FGF21. |
| 118 | 19447226 | In addition, phosphorylation of LKB1, which is a tumor-suppressor protein and a major AMPK-kinase, was increased by catechin treatment. |
| 119 | 19394382 | We found that the activity of skeletal muscle AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) parallels hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and metabolic phenotype in transgenic mice overexpressing leptin. |
| 120 | 19394382 | In fact, intracerebroventricular administration of melanocortin agonist, MT-II in mice robustly overcomes high-fat diet-induced leptin resistance and ameliorates fuel dyshomeostasis and hyperphagia, with a concomitant recovery of AMPK activity in skeletal muscle. |
| 121 | 19298540 | Importantly, inhibition of AMPK by 2 h pretreatment of cells with 20 micromol/L compound C completely abolished the CrPic-induced suppression of resistin secretion. 4. |
| 122 | 19298540 | In conclusion, the data suggest that CrPic inhibits resistin secretion via activation of AMPK in normal and insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes. |
| 123 | 19624828 | ZDF hearts showed a 68% decrease in glucose transporter-4 mRNA expression (p < 0.05), a 22% decrease in glucose transporter-4 protein expression (p = 0.10), unchanged levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 protein expression, a 57% decreased phosphorylation of AMP activated protein kinase alpha1/2 (p < 0.05) and a 2.4-fold increased abundance of the FA transporter CD36 to the sarcolemma (p < 0.01) vs. |
| 124 | 19592618 | AMPK activated FOXO3 by promoting its nuclear translocation. |
| 125 | 19651784 | Similar to adiponectin, C1QTNF5 induced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to increased cell surface recruitment of GLUT4 and increased glucose uptake. |
| 126 | 19651784 | C1QTNF5-mediated phosphorylation of AMPK or acetyl-CoA carboxylase was unaffected by depletion of adiponectin receptors such as AdipoR1 or AdipoR2, which indicated that adiponectin receptors do not participate in C1QTNF5-induced activation of AMPK. |
| 127 | 19688337 | The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates lipid oxidation in muscle by inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase-2 (ACC2) and increasing mitochondrial biogenesis. |
| 128 | 19688337 | We investigated whether reduced levels of muscle AMPK promote lipid accumulation and insulin resistance during high-fat feeding. |
| 129 | 19814866 | The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the potential effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-alpha agonists fenofibrate and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in modulation of AMPK-alpha1 activity in liver and skeletal muscle of high-fat diet fed rats. |
| 130 | 19814866 | Both PPAR-alpha agonists, fenofibrate and n-3 PUFA, increased the mRNA expression of AMPK-alpha1 activity in liver and skeletal muscle of obese diabetic rats. |
| 131 | 19690060 | Acute physiological elevation of IL-6 suppressed glucose metabolism and caused insulin resistance by increasing SOCS3 and via SOCS3-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and possibly AMPK in heart. |
| 132 | 19720793 | K(ATP) channel trafficking is regulated by energy status via AMPK, and this mechanism may play a key role in inhibiting insulin secretion under low energy status. |
| 133 | 19864403 | Finally, fish oil fed LDLR-/- mice exhibited higher hepatic AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation (P < 0.05), whereas AMPK phosphorylation was not elevated by fish oil feeding in ob/ob;LDLR-/- mice. |
| 134 | 19900410 | Here, we report the crystal structures of the biotin carboxylase (BC) domain of human ACC2 phosphorylated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 135 | 19923418 | Recombinant AMPK, but not Akt1, Akt2, or PKCzeta, phosphorylated purified muscle TBC1D4 on S711 in vitro. |
| 136 | 19923418 | S711 is a novel TBC1D4 phosphorylation site regulated by AMPK in skeletal muscle. |
| 137 | 19781600 | The treatment of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) decreased ATP contents, mitochondrial respiration activity, mRNA expressions of OXPHOS subunits and IRS-1/2 and insulin-mediated phosphorylations of Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 138 | 20015518 | Metabolic action of LA is mediated by activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a cellular energy sensor that can regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha), a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. |
| 139 | 20460103 | We found that ascofuranone improves ER stress-induced insulin resistance by activating AMPK through the LKB1 pathway. |
| 140 | 20460103 | Ascofuranone-induced phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC was not increased in A549 cells lacking LKB1. |
| 141 | 20441792 | LKB1 is a kinase that is required for activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as 13 AMPK-related protein kinases. |
| 142 | 20444885 | Adiponectin stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation whereas inhibition of AMPK activity blunted the effect of adiponectin on the proliferation of colon cancer cells. |
| 143 | 20534540 | We demonstrate that this effect is mediated by activation of the serine/threonine kinase, protein kinase B, which inhibits AMPK by phosphorylating serine 485. |
| 144 | 20577053 | Metformin decreased expression of the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), while cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (Pepck) gene expression was unaffected in wild-type, AMPK-deficient, and LKB1-deficient hepatocytes. |
| 145 | 20660066 | In summary, curcumin eliminated stimulatory effects of leptin on HSC activation and increased AMPK activity, leading to inducing expression of genes relevant to lipid accumulation and elevating the level of intracellular lipids. |
| 146 | 20682687 | We replicated the association of variants in the metformin transporter gene SLC47A1 with metformin response and detected nominal interactions in the AMP kinase (AMPK) gene STK11, the AMPK subunit genes PRKAA1 and PRKAA2, and a missense SNP in SLC22A1, which encodes another metformin transporter. |
| 147 | 20682696 | We examined in skeletal muscle whether the effects of leucine and glucose on these parameters and on insulin resistance are mediated by the fuel-sensing enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 148 | 20701589 | We studied TBC1D1 phosphorylation on three predicted AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) phosphorylation sites (Ser231, Ser660 and Ser700) and one predicted Akt phosphorylation site (Thr590) in control mice, AMPK?2 inactive transgenic mice (AMPK?2i TG) and Akt2-knockout mice (Akt2 KO). |
| 149 | 20701589 | In conclusion, contraction causes site-specific phosphorylation of TBC1D1 in skeletal muscle, and TBC1D1 phosphorylation on AMPK sites regulates contraction-stimulated glucose uptake. |
| 150 | 20701589 | AMPK and Akt regulate TBC1D1 phosphorylation, but there must be additional upstream kinases that mediate TBC1D1 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. |
| 151 | 20724582 | Chemerin reduced insulin-stimulated Akt1 phosphorylation and activation of 5'AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the skeletal muscle, but had no effect on Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated AMPK activation in the liver and gonadal adipose tissue. |
| 152 | 20798332 | We have demonstrated that hypothalamic Angptl4 is regulated by physiological appetite regulators and mediates their anorexigenic effects via inhibition of hypothalamic AMPK activity. |
| 153 | 19758361 | In addition, the expression of lipogenic genes and UCP-2 were upregulated, but AMPK, IRS-2, PDX-1, GLUT-2 and Bcl-2 were downregulated in the exposed cells. |
| 154 | 20175764 | By contrast, the substantially increased expression of uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3) and angiopoietin-like-4 (Angptl4), along with decreased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the diabetic heart, is indicative of marked changes in cardiac metabolism. db/db mice show impaired cardiac functional reserve capacity during maximal beta-adrenergic stimulation which is associated with unfavourable changes in cardiac energy metabolism. |
| 155 | 20810672 | In lung tissue, metformin did not activate AMPK but inhibited phosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor/insulin receptor (IGF-1R/IR), Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and mTOR. |
| 156 | 20633632 | Compounds 2, 3, and 6 phosphorylate AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase), and resulted in increased phosphorylation of GSK-3beta and suppression of lipogenic expression (ACC and FAS) in a dose-dependent manner. |
| 157 | 20652679 | IL-6-stimulated expression of the genes for acute-phase response markers serum amyloid A (SAA1, SAA2) and haptoglobin (HP) in the human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 were quantified after modulation of AMPK activity by pharmacological agonists (5-amino-4-imidazole-carboxamideriboside [AICAR], metformin) or by using small interfering (si) RNA transfection. |
| 158 | 20652679 | The intracellular signalling pathway mediating the effect of AMPK on IL-6-stimulated acute-phase marker expression was characterised by assessing the phosphorylation levels of the candidate protein signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in response to AMPK agonists. |
| 159 | 20652679 | Moreover, the repression of AMPK activity by siRNA significantly reversed the inhibition of SAA expression by both AICAR and metformin, indicating that the effect of the agonists is dependent on AMPK. |
| 160 | 20652679 | For the first time we show that AMPK appears to regulate IL-6 signalling by directly inhibiting the activation of the main downstream target of IL-6, STAT3. |
| 161 | 20652679 | We provide evidence for a key function of AMPK in suppression of the acute-phase response caused by the action of IL-6 in liver, suggesting that AMPK may act as an intracellular link between chronic low-grade inflammation and metabolic regulation in peripheral metabolic tissues. |
| 162 | 20923527 | INS832/13 ?-cell and isolated rat islets were incubated at 3 and 20 mM glucose for 18 h in the absence or presence of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators and inhibitors, as well as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitors. |
| 163 | 20693566 | Subsequent studies established that GIP increased phosphorylation of Serine 133 in cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and the nuclear localization of cAMP-responsive CREB coactivator 2 (TORC2) through a pathway involving phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), PKB, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 164 | 20801214 | Ppm1E and the closely related Ppm1F interact weakly with AMPK and assays with lysates of cells stably depleted of Ppm1F suggest [corrected] that this phosphatase contributes to dephosphorylation of AMPK. |
| 165 | 20739620 | We further postulated that the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways would control PDK4 mRNA expression in cultured adipose tissue. |
| 166 | 20739620 | The p38 inhibitor SB202190 reduced epinephrine-mediated increases in p38 MAPK activation without altering hormone-sensitive lipase or AMPK phosphorylation or attenuating epinephrine-induced increases in lipolysis. |
| 167 | 20841353 | Interestingly, AMPK mediated the induction of the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 homology domain-3-only protein Bmf (Bcl-2-modifying factor). |
| 168 | 20861022 | Here, we show that HG inactivates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), up-regulates Nox4, enhances NADPH oxidase activity, and induces podocyte apoptosis. |
| 169 | 20861022 | Activation of AMPK blocked HG-induced expression of Nox4, NADPH oxidase activity, and apoptosis. |
| 170 | 20861022 | Inactivation of AMPK by HG up-regulated the expression and phosphorylation of p53, and p53 acted downstream of Nox4. |
| 171 | 20861022 | Glomeruli isolated from these mice showed decreased phosphorylation of AMPK and enhanced expression of Nox4 and p53. |
| 172 | 20861022 | Pharmacologic activation of AMPK by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-riboside in OVE26 mice attenuated Nox4 and p53 expression. |
| 173 | 20861022 | Our results uncover a novel function of AMPK that integrates metabolic input to Nox4 and provide new insight for activation of p53 to induce podocyte apoptosis. |
| 174 | 20861022 | The data indicate the potential therapeutic utility of AMPK activators to block Nox4 and reactive oxygen species generation and to reduce urinary albumin excretion in type 1 diabetes. |
| 175 | 20956520 | CDDO-Me activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and via LKB1 activation in muscle and liver in vivo. |
| 176 | 20972533 | Incretin receptor expression was assessed in isolated islets from metformin-treated wild-type and Ppar?(-/-) mice, and in INS-1 832/3 beta cells with or without peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-? or AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) antagonists. |
| 177 | 20616029 | Here we demonstrate that FGF21 regulates energy homeostasis in adipocytes through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), resulting in enhanced mitochondrial oxidative function. |
| 178 | 20616029 | Activation of AMPK and SIRT1 by FGF21 in adipocytes enhanced mitochondrial oxidative capacity as demonstrated by increases in oxygen consumption, citrate synthase activity, and induction of key metabolic genes. |
| 179 | 20616029 | The effects of FGF21 on mitochondrial function require serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11/LKB1), which activates AMPK. |
| 180 | 21130749 | Likewise, dysregulation of the fuel-sensing enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has been proposed as a pathogenetic factor for these abnormalities based on both its links to insulin action and its anti-inflammatory effects. |
| 181 | 19874425 | Our studies show that metformin treatment (1) significantly inhibited proliferation of diverse chemo-responsive and -resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780, CP70, C200, OV202, OVCAR3, SKVO3ip, PE01 and PE04), (2) caused cell cycle arrest accompanied by decreased cyclin D1 and increased p21 protein expression, (3) activated AMPK in various ovarian cancer cell lines as evident from increased phosphorylation of AMPK? and its downstream substrate; acetyl co-carboxylase (ACC) and enhanced ?-oxidation of fatty acid and (4) attenuated mTOR-S6RP phosphorylation, inhibited protein translational and lipid biosynthetic pathways, thus implicating metformin as a growth inhibitor of ovarian cancer cells. |
| 182 | 19874425 | In contrast, met formin inhibited cell proliferation in both wild-type and AMPK?(1/2) null mefs as well as in AMPK silenced ovarian cancer cells. |
| 183 | 20980414 | Both metformin and apolipoprotein A1 activate the AMPK signaling pathway. |
| 184 | 21143620 | These beneficial effects of metformin were associated with increased AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation, as well as reductions in insulin, TGF-?1, basic fibroblast growth factor and tumour necrosis factor-? levels in the circulation and/or myocardium. 4. |
| 185 | 21284979 | Adiponectin and its receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, regulate glucose and fatty acid metabolism partly via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 186 | 19237574 | Finally, inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by the pharmacological inhibitor Compound C largely suppresses metformin's effect on Abeta generation and BACE1 transcription, suggesting an AMPK-dependent mechanism. |
| 187 | 21094196 | Ghrelin also increased the mRNA levels of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), peroxisome proliferators (PPARr) and AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) genes in insulin signal transduction pathway. |
| 188 | 21172433 | To determine whether the activation of the AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK)-ACC pathway was able to decrease lipid content in T2D myotubes, cells were treated with AICAR and metformin. |
| 189 | 21340672 | Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction increased the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene and the production of nitric oxide (NO), but NO production was prevented by compound C and mutant dominant negative AMPK (AMPK-K45R). |
| 190 | 21349801 | Concomitantly, metformin induces activation of LKB1 (serine/threonine kinase 11), a tumor suppressor gene, which is required for the phosphorylation and activation of AMPK. |
| 191 | 19934007 | Although it is thought that resveratrol targets Sirt1, this is controversial because resveratrol also activates 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which also regulates insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial biogenesis. |
| 192 | 21373642 | In addition, Sirt6 knockdown abolished the effects of RGZ on hepatocyte fat accumulation, mRNA and protein expression of Ppargc1a/PGC1-? and Foxo1, and phosphorylation levels of LKB1 and AMPK, suggesting that Sirt6 is involved in RGZ-mediated metabolic effects. |
| 193 | 21209093 | Both PKA and AKT inhibitors attenuated AMPK Ser(485/491) phosphorylation resulting from ?-adrenergic blockade and prevented decreases in AMPK activity. |
| 194 | 21386086 | Ghrelin is a stomach-derived peptide that increases food intake through the activation of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 195 | 21386086 | However, the molecular mechanisms initiated by the activation of the ghrelin receptor, which in turn lead to AMPK activation, remain unclear. |
| 196 | 21386086 | SIRT1 inhibitors, such as Ex527 and sirtinol, and AMPK activators, such as AICAR, were administered alongside ghrelin in the brain of rats and mice (wild-type versus p53 knockout [KO]). |
| 197 | 21386086 | Ghrelin failed to phosphorylate hypothalamic AMPK when rats were pretreated with Ex527, as it did in p53 KO mice. |
| 198 | 21386086 | It is noteworthy that the hypothalamic SIRT1/p53 pathway seems to be specific for mediating the orexigenic action of ghrelin, because central administration of AICAR, a potent AMPK activator, increased food intake in p53 KO mice. |
| 199 | 21181396 | PASK-depleted alpha-TC1-9 cells and pancreatic embryonic explants displayed increased expression of the preproglucagon (Gcg) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-alpha2 (Prkaa2) genes, implying a possible role for AMPK-alpha2 downstream of PASK in the control of glucagon gene expression and release. |
| 200 | 18256313 | In vitro, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR; 2 mM) and globular adiponectin (10 mug/ml) activated catalytic AMPK in distal tubules isolated from kidneys of normal rats but much more weakly in those from diabetic rats. |
| 201 | 18256313 | These results demonstrate that in distal tubular cells, adiponectin through luminal ADIPOR1 activates AMPK, leading to the inhibition of GS. |
| 202 | 20167927 | Analysis of aortic endothelial cells from AMPKalpha2(-/-) mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells expressing dominant negative AMPK or AMPKalpha2-specific siRNA revealed that loss of AMPK activity increased NAD(P)H oxidase subunit expression (gp91(phox), p47(phox), p67(phox), NOX1 and -4), NAD(P)H oxidase-mediated superoxide production, 26S proteasome activity, IkappaBalpha degradation, and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB (p50 and p65), whereas AMPK activation by AICAR or overexpression of constitutively active AMPK had the opposite effect. |
| 203 | 20068140 | PIKE knockout mice also have augmented lipid oxidation, which is accompanied by enhanced AMPK phosphorylation in both muscle and adipose tissue. |
| 204 | 21479175 | Moreover, AICAR stimulated AMPK phosphorylation in the silkworm fat body. |
| 205 | 16308421 | The Peutz-Jegher syndrome tumor-suppressor gene encodes a protein-threonine kinase, LKB1, which phosphorylates and activates AMPK [adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase]. |
| 206 | 16308421 | The deletion of LKB1 in the liver of adult mice resulted in a nearly complete loss of AMPK activity. |
| 207 | 21266325 | LKB1, the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome gene product, and Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase ? (CaMKK?) are key upstream activators of AMPK. |
| 208 | 21282366 | Muscles from GS knock-in or transgenic mice overexpressing a kinase dead (KD) AMPK were incubated with glucose tracers and the AMPK-activating compound 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR) ex vivo. |
| 209 | 21282366 | Strikingly, AICAR-induced glycogen synthesis was completely abolished in G6P-insensitive GS knock-in mice, although AICAR-stimulated AMPK activation, glucose transport, and total glucose utilization were normal. |
| 210 | 21478464 | TR4 transactivation is inhibited via phosphorylation by metformin-induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) at the amino acid serine 351, which results in the suppression of SCD1 gene expression. |
| 211 | 18250273 | Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells or bovine aortic endothelial cells to metformin significantly increased AMPK activity and the phosphorylation of both AMPK at Thr172 and LKB1 at Ser428, an AMPK kinase, which was paralleled by increased activation of protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta, as evidenced by increased activity, phosphorylation (Thr410/403), and nuclear translocation of PKC-zeta. |
| 212 | 18250273 | Consistently, either pharmacological or genetic inhibition of PKC-zeta ablated metformin-enhanced phosphorylation of both AMPK-Thr172 and LKB1-Ser428, suggesting that PKC-zeta might act as an upstream kinase for LKB1. |
| 213 | 18250273 | Furthermore, adenoviral overexpression of LKB1 kinase-dead mutants abolished but LKB1 wild-type overexpression enhanced the effects of metformin on AMPK in bovine aortic endothelial cells. |
| 214 | 18250273 | Similarly, overexpression of LKB1 wild-type but not LKB1 S428A mutants (serine replaced by alanine) restored the effects of metformin on AMPK in LKB1-deficient HeLa-S3 cells, suggesting that Ser428 phosphorylation of LKB1 is required for metformin-enhanced AMPK activation. |
| 215 | 18250273 | Moreover, LKB1 S428A, like kinase-dead LKB1 D194A, abolished metformin-enhanced LKB1 translocation as well as the association of LKB1 with AMPK in HeLa-S3 cells. |
| 216 | 18250273 | We conclude that PKC-zeta phosphorylates LKB1 at Ser428, resulting in LKB1 nuclear export and hence AMPK activation. |
| 217 | 20150288 | In the absence of insulin, gAd stimulated AMPK Thr172 phosphorylation, SNAT2 protein expression, and system A activity. |
| 218 | 20383170 | Oxidative stress and lipid deposition were markedly increased in the myocardium, concomitant with inactivation of AMPK and increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha). |
| 219 | 20383170 | Activation of AMPK and decreased expression of PGC-1 alpha were involved in this process. |
| 220 | 21427411 | These beneficial effects of AICAR on MnSOD and EPC functions were significantly attenuated by silencing MnSOD or AMPK antagonist compound C pretreatment. |
| 221 | 21427411 | These findings demonstrate for the first time that AMPK activation rescues impaired EPC functions and suppresses mitochondrial superoxide by inducing MnSOD in type 1 diabetes. |
| 222 | 21106280 | Compared to INS- (P < 0.05), INS+ had low liver SIRT1 with low AMPK activating phosphorylation, low inactivating phosphorylation of its lipogenic target acetyl-CoA carboxylase and high tissue triglycerides. |
| 223 | 21106280 | Insulin replacement downregulates SIRT1 and AMPK activation in vivo in streptozotocin-diabetic rat liver, likely contributing to insulin-induced liver triglyceride accumulation. |
| 224 | 19155609 | Simultaneously, the mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a signaling protein that acts to modulate glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, was restored in the presence of adiponectin. |
| 225 | 20299472 | Likewise, AMPK activation by pharmacological (5'-aminoimidazole-4-carboxymide-1-beta-d-ribofuranoside, metformin, and statin) or genetic means (adenoviral overexpression of constitutively active AMPK mutants) significantly mitigated ER stress and SERCA oxidation and improved the endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated mouse aortae. |
| 226 | 20354156 | LKB1 phosphorylates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and several related protein kinases. |
| 227 | 20354156 | We conclude that LKB1 and AMPK play distinct roles in the control of insulin secretion and that the timing of LKB1 deletion, and/or its loss from extrapancreatic sites, influences the final impact on beta-cell function. |
| 228 | 19357294 | All groups subsequently underwent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp studies on day 4 in conjunction with VMH microinjection with either saline (control) or AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide) to activate AMPK. |
| 229 | 20455996 | Both drugs affected signalling in the protein kinases B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway; metformin activated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase whereas rosiglitazone increased chromosome ten level. |
| 230 | 21602511 | Suppression of FoxO1 activity was accounted for by its nuclear export by MEDICA-activated AMPK, complemented by inhibition of nuclear FoxO1 transcriptional activity by MEDICA-induced C/EBP? isoforms. |
| 231 | 21602511 | In contrast, FoxO1 suppression by metformin was essentially accounted for by its nuclear export by metformin-activated AMPK. |
| 232 | 21478152 | Overexpression of resistin using adenoviral vector in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes was associated with inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, activation of tuberous sclerosis complex 2/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and increased cell size, [(3)H]leucine incorporation (i.e. protein synthesis) and mRNA expression of the hypertrophic marker genes, atrial natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and ?-myosin heavy chain. |
| 233 | 19502419 | AMPK activation by IL-6 coincided temporally with a nearly threefold increase in the AMP:ATP ratio in the EDL. |
| 234 | 19502419 | The effects of IL-6 on both AMPK activity and energy state were inhibited by coincubation with propranolol, suggesting involvement of beta-adrenergic signaling. |
| 235 | 19502419 | In keeping with this notion, IL-6 concurrently induced a transient increase in cAMP, and its ability to activate AMPK was blocked by the adenyl cyclase inhibitor 2'5'-dideoxyadenosine. |
| 236 | 19502419 | These studies demonstrate that IL-6 activates AMPK in skeletal muscle by increasing the concentration of cAMP and, secondarily, the AMP:ATP ratio. |
| 237 | 20233722 | AMPK activity, NF-kappaB activation, and endothelial cell apoptosis were assayed in cultured endothelial cells and mouse common carotid artery with or without OGD treatment. |
| 238 | 20233722 | Furthermore, AMPK activation significantly enhanced IkappaBalpha kinase activation, NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, and DNA binding activity of NF-kappaB. |
| 239 | 21340583 | The hypothalamic fatty acid pathway, hypothalamic mitochondrial respiration and uncoupling protein 2 have all been shown to act as the downstream targets of AMPK in mediating the orexigenic effects of ghrelin. |
| 240 | 17671657 | Taken together with the divergent phenotypes of POMC alpha 2KO and AgRP alpha 2KO mice, our findings suggest that while AMPK plays a key role in hypothalamic function, it does not act as a general sensor and integrator of energy homeostasis in the mediobasal hypothalamus. |
| 241 | 18535107 | In this study, we examined whether any cross talk occurs between glucocorticoids and AMPK signaling in the hypothalamus to regulate Npy as well as agouti-related peptide (Agrp) gene expression in the arcuate nucleus. |
| 242 | 18535107 | In the hypothalamic organotypic cultures, the addition to the medium of the AMPK activator, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-b-d-ribofuranoside, increased phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK) as well as phosphorylated acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (p-ACC) in the explants, accompanied by significant increases in Npy and Agrp gene expression in the arcuate nucleus. |
| 243 | 18535107 | The addition of the AMPK inhibitor compound C to the medium, which blocked increases of p-AMPK and p-ACC by DEX, significantly attenuated Npy and Agrp gene expression stimulated by DEX. |
| 244 | 18535107 | Thus, our data demonstrated that glucocorticoids up-regulate the Npy and Agrp gene expression in the arcuate nucleus through AMPK signaling, suggesting that the activation of the hypothalamic APMK signaling by glucocorticoids might be essential to the energy homeostasis. |
| 245 | 21543418 | Activation of AMPK with AICAR stimulated AMPK activity and reduced nuclear accumulation of USF1. |
| 246 | 21562756 | After bariatric surgery in morbidly obese participants with subsequent weight loss, skeletal muscle APPL1 abundance was significantly reduced (p? |
| 247 | 21514684 | Furthermore, EGCG treatment reversed IH-induced: (1) decrease in Thr172 phosphorylation of AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK); (2) increase in protein kinase C?(PKC?) membrane translocation and Ser307 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1); (3) decrease in Ser473 phosphorylation of Akt and Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. |
| 248 | 21514684 | Our data suggest that EGCG treatment ameliorated FFAs-induced peripheral insulin resistance in vivo, and this might be through decreasing oxidative stress and PKC? membrane translocation, activating the AMPK pathway and improving insulin signaling pathway in vivo. |
| 249 | 21750018 | These results suggested that AMPK activation appeared to play a key role in upregulated expression of thioredoxin and Mn SOD, and mitigation of cellular oxidative stress and/or ER stress by wolfberry and zeaxanthin and/or lutein. |
| 250 | 21673100 | The ability of IGF-I to stimulate protein synthesis is suppressed by AMPK, therefore, these studies were undertaken to determine whether IGF-I modulates AMPK activity. |
| 251 | 21673100 | Expression of this altered form inhibited the ability of IGF-I to suppress AMPK T172 activation, which resulted in inhibition of IGF-I-stimulated phosphorylation of P70S6 kinase. |
| 252 | 21673100 | In contrast, expression of an AMPK S485D mutant resulted in constitutive suppression of AMPK activity and was associated with increased IGF-I-stimulated P70S6K phosphorylation and protein synthesis. |
| 253 | 21673100 | The addition of a specific AKT inhibitor or expression of an AKT1 short hairpin RNA inhibited AMPK S485 phosphorylation, and it attenuated the IGF-I-induced decrease in AMPK T172 phosphorylation. |
| 254 | 21673100 | Exposure to high glucose concentrations suppressed AMPK activity and stimulated S485 phosphorylation, and IGF-I stimulated a further increase in S485 phosphorylation and AMPK T172 suppression. |
| 255 | 21673100 | We conclude that AMPK S485 phosphorylation negatively regulates AMPK activity by modulating the T172 phosphorylation response to high glucose and IGF-I. |
| 256 | 20335101 | The renoprotective effect of adiponectin may be at least partially mediated by the activation of the AMPK signaling passway, ROS production inhibition, relief of the oxidative stress, and up-regulation of eNOS expression in the renal tissue of diabetic rats. |
| 257 | 21873433 | We hypothesized that gene silencing of NT5 enzymes to increase the intracellular availability of AMP would increase AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and metabolism. |
| 258 | 21873433 | Gene silencing of NT5C1A by shRNA injection and electroporation in mouse tibialis anterior muscle reduced protein content (60%; p < 0.05) and increased phosphorylation of AMPK (60%; p < 0.05) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (50%; p < 0.05) and glucose uptake (20%; p < 0.05). |
| 259 | 21937027 | Although palmitate did not impair insulin signaling as shown by the immunoblotting analysis of AKT phosphorylation, it did inactivate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). |
| 260 | 21937027 | Similarly, A769662, a direct activator of AMPK, also abolished the ER stress-mediated apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation. |
| 261 | 21937027 | Therefore, these data suggest that palmitate triggers ER stress-mediated lipotoxicity and that AMPK activation inhibits apoptosis and tau hyperphosphorylation mediated by palmitate in SH-SY5Y cells. |
| 262 | 19797661 | Deletion of S6K1 induced gene expression patterns similar to those seen in CR or with pharmacological activation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a conserved regulator of the metabolic response to CR. |
| 263 | 21896783 | The endoribonuclease activity of IRE1 appears to be required for AMPK activation in response to nitric oxide. |
| 264 | 21896783 | In addition to nitric oxide, stimulation of IRE1 endoribonuclease activity with the flavonol quercetin leads to IRE1-dependent AMPK activation. |
| 265 | 21724864 | We found that such exercise acutely activates both AMPK and eNOS in the whole aorta and that the magnitude of these effects correlated with both the distance run and activation of the AMPK regulatory proteins silent information regulator-1 (SIRT1)-LKB1 and CaMKK?. |
| 266 | 21724864 | The results also suggest that AMPK likely is the principal activator of eNOS in this setting and that its own activation may be mediated by both SIRT1-LKB1 and CaMKK?. |
| 267 | 18810325 | AMPKalpha, beta, and gamma), and their differential localization in response to stimulation in muscle; (2) the biochemical regulation of AMPK by AMP, protein phosphatases, and its three known upstream kinases, LKB1, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), and transforming growth factor-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1); (3) the pharmacological agents that are currently available for the activation and inhibition of AMPK; (4) the physiological stimuli that activate AMPK in muscle; and (5) the metabolic processes that AMPK regulates in skeletal muscle. |
| 268 | 21956711 | Hepatic FGF21 correlated inversely with hepatic AMPK phosphorylation In type 2 diabetes mellitus, combined pioglitazone and exenatide therapy is associated with a reduction in plasma FGF21 levels, as well as a greater decrease in hepatic fat than that achieved with pioglitazone therapy. |
| 269 | 22067655 | These findings suggest that downregulation of AMPK precedes mTOR/p70S6K activation in mediating glucose and leucine-induced insulin resistance, although the mechanism by which it does so remains to be determined. |
| 270 | 21939653 | We conclude that karanjin-induced increase in glucose uptake in L6 myotubes is the result of an increased translocation of GLUT4 to plasma membrane associated with activation of AMPK pathway, in a PI-3-K/AKT-independent manner. |
| 271 | 21697213 | Repeated application of EA is capable of improving diet-induced insulin resistance, probably through activation of AMPK signalling pathways in skeletal muscle. |
| 272 | 21631893 | The major molecular targets of metformin are the liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways, which are central in the regulation of cellular energy homeostasis and play a crucial role in the control of cell division and cell proliferation. |
| 273 | 22058332 | Induction of diabetes in mice led to retinal AMPK dephosphorylation, which was significantly reversed by either resveratrol or AICAR. |