# |
PMID |
Sentence |
1 |
6589235
|
In agreement with the findings of others, the strongest positive associations between IDDM and HLA antigens were seen with DR3 and DR4 (odds ratios (OR) of 3.5 and 4.4, respectively), while a very strong negative association was observed with DR2 (OR of 0.1).
|
2 |
3489237
|
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) susceptibility determinants are known to be associated with both HLA-DR3 and -DR4.
|
3 |
3491769
|
The HLA association with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is highest among individuals heterozygous for DR3 and DR4.
|
4 |
3125628
|
The frequencies of both DR3 and DR4 were significantly increased among IDDM patients (resp. p = 0.02, p = 0.01), confirming results in other populations.
|
5 |
3400091
|
In the "cis" situation (haplotype), the highest relative risks (RR) for IDDM were borne by multiloci allelic associations, mainly DR/complement alleles, rather than by DR3 or DR4 considered alone.
|
6 |
3264044
|
However, in general, DR4 is associated with IDDM only in populations with white ancestry with high rates of IDDM.
|
7 |
3264044
|
The frequency of IDDM in American blacks relative to that in American whites (20% to 30%) approximates the frequency of the American black gene pool that is white-derived (also 20% to 30%), and DR4 is associated with IDDM in American blacks but not in African blacks.
|
8 |
3149191
|
Associations of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus exist with the HLA-DR antigens DR3 and DR4 in both British Caucasoid and Dravidian subjects.
|
9 |
3238312
|
However, patients who were HLA-DR3/DR4 heterozygotes and had diabetic neuropathy responded to insulin antigens more often by proliferation than DR3/DR4 positive patients without diabetic neuropathy.
|
10 |
2564383
|
Therefore, eight of nine DR4/w8 IDDM patients seemed to be DR4,DQw8/DRw8,DQw4, which, thus, may be associated with susceptibility to develop IDDM.
|
11 |
2648900
|
An increase of A30, DR3, DR4, BfF1, C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 and decrease of B40, DR2, DR5 and DR6 were found in diabetes when compared to the value observation controls.
|
12 |
2617513
|
We have examined 14 Japanese IDDM patients, selected to be either DR4 or DRw9 (associated to IDDM among Japanese).
|
13 |
2629160
|
In comparison to IDDM that is associated with both DR3 and DR4 in this population, MRDM showed no significant differences in HLA class II antigens frequencies.
|
14 |
2701766
|
Autoimmune nature of Type 1 diabetes is based on: association with genetic markers of histocompatibility mainly with the DR3 and DR4 haplotypes of the HLA system; anomalies of the humoral and cellular immunity present in a significant percentage of Type 1 diabetic patients, its association with other autoimmune diseases; the histological features of the affected pancreas and the prevention of experimental diabetes by immunosuppression.
|
15 |
2384193
|
Although DR3 and DR4 were positively associated with IDDM in the probands of 123 northern European, 94 Ashkenazi Jewish, and 49 New York Hispanic families, significant excess of DR*3/4 heterozygotes was observed only among the probands from families of northern European ancestry.
|
16 |
2096182
|
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with several DR3- or DR4-containing ancestral haplotypes (AHs).
|
17 |
2096182
|
The MHC contains several regions of potential interest in relation to susceptibility to IDDM; these may explain the association with only certain DR3- and DR4-carrying AH and DR3,4 heterozygosity in terms of cis and trans interactions.
|
18 |
2006934
|
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased frequency of certain histocompatibility antigens located on chromosome six, the most common types being B-8, B-15, DR-3, DR-4, and DR-7.
|
19 |
20451496
|
In the present study, TRAIL treatment in INS-1 cells upregulated DcR1 and downregulated DR5 without altering the expression of DcR2 and DR4.
|