Ignet

Gene Pair Information

Gene Pair: INS, TNF

Related Sentences

#	PMID	Sentence
1	21885868	Transfer experiments determined the role of hepatic tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/inducible nitric oxide synthase-producing dendritic cells (Tip-DCs) and adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in inflammation-induced insulin resistance, determined by homeostatic assessment of insulin resistance.
2	3139756	At day 6, insulin content of the islets was significantly reduced by exposure to TNF-alpha but not IFN-gamma.
3	2703526	In addition, TNF administration to diabetic animals leads to an elevation in serum glucose levels (73% at 17 h) without a change in serum insulin levels.
4	2518361	When tested as single agents or added together at very low concentrations, interleukin 1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) inhibited insulin release from rat islet cell monolayer cultures during 4 day incubations; however, this secretory function improved after the cytokines were removed.
5	2115042	Interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) inhibit insulin release and may be cytotoxic to isolated rodent pancreatic islets.
6	2384663	We previously reported that streptococcal preparation (OK-432), which is a TNF inducer, inhibits insulitis and development of autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and Bio-Breeding (BB) rats, as animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
7	1888882	Human islet insulin secretion was also suppressed during co-culture with recombinant tumor necrosis factor (rTNF) or interferon (rIFN), but not with lymphotoxin (rLT) or rIL-6; rat islet insulin secretion was not suppressed by any of these cytokines.
8	1893147	Mononuclear cells from both healthy donors and diabetic patients could inhibit the insulin release with no correlation to TNF content.
9	1541051	We have recently reported that chronic and systemic administration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) inhibits development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice and BB rats, animal models of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
10	1460428	Mice bearing a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha transgene controlled by an insulin promoter developed an increasingly severe lymphocytic insulitis, apparently resulting from the induction of endothelial changes with features similar to those observed in other places of intense lymphocytic traffic.
11	1341919	We determined the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in 15 nondiabetic healthy subjects and in 36 insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic outpatients.
12	8383325	This combination of cytokines (IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma) also influences insulin secretion by human islets.
13	8383325	Higher concentrations (IL-1 beta at 75 units/ml, 3.5 nM TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma at 750 units/ml) inhibit insulin secretion from human islets, and the inhibitory effect is prevented by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine.
14	8242903	We previously reported that nonspecific immunomodulations with a streptococcal preparation (OK-432), an inducer of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or with recombinant TNF prevented development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) in animal models (NOD mice and BB rats).
15	8275942	This study investigates whether the expression of TNF alpha and its receptors is modulated during drug treatment to reduce insulin resistance.
16	8130898	High doses of IL-1 are cytotoxic to beta cells and strongly inhibit insulin release; high-dose IL-1 plus TNF acts synergically to suppress further the insulin release.
17	8130898	In contrast, we observed that the predominant effect of low-dose IL-1 and TNF when administered separately was the stimulation of insulin release.
18	8130898	We therefore asked whether the combination of low-dose IL-1 plus TNF would act synergistically to stimulate or suppress insulin release.
19	8197147	Chronic exposure of adipocytes to low concentrations of TNF-alpha strongly inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose uptake.
20	8197147	Concurrently, TNF-alpha treatment causes a moderate decrease in the insulin-stimulated autophosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR) and a dramatic decrease in the phosphorylation of IR substrate 1, the major substrate of the IR in vivo.
21	8197147	These results show that TNF-alpha directly interferes with the signaling of insulin through its receptor and consequently blocks biological actions of insulin.
22	8056188	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is associated with class II molecules of the MHC on chromosome 6, in particular HLA-DR and -DQ alleles, but a pathogenic role for TNF-alpha in the class III region of the MHC has also been implied.
23	7523453	These results demonstrate that TNF-alpha participates in obesity-related systemic insulin resistance by inhibiting the IR tyrosine kinase in the two tissues mainly responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake: muscle and fat.
24	7926300	On a cellular level, TNF-alpha is a potent inhibitor of the insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylations on the beta-chain of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1, suggesting a defect at or near the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor.
25	7756973	Glucose-induced insulin secretion is inhibited by the cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF) when combined with IL-1 beta in cultured rat islets, by IL-1 beta, TNF and interferon gamma in mouse islets, and by combined treatment of IL-1 beta, TNF and interferon gamma in human islets.
26	9098456	The segregation of these alleles has been associated with levels of TNF alpha or TNF beta production in systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and in healthy control individuals.
27	7882592	The insulin resistance of this disease may be mediated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).
28	7895657	Recent studies indicated a direct role for adipose expression of TNF alpha in obesity-linked insulin resistance and diabetes.
29	7895657	Incubation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with TNF alpha also inhibited insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake as well as expression of GLUT4 protein.
30	7598712	Recent evidence suggests that expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by adipocytes is a molecular mediator of insulin resistance in obesity.
31	7560085	The coding sequences and splicing donor and acceptor sequences of the Tnfa gene, a candidate gene for Idd-16, were identical in the NOD, CTS, and BALB/c alleles, ruling out amino acid changes in the TNF molecule as a determinant of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus susceptibility.
32	8781713	Since glutamic acid decarboxylase-65 (GAD-65) is a target autoantigen in IDDM, we investigated whether the cytokines IL-1 beta, TNF alpha IFN gamma altered islet cell expression of GAD-65 and whether the effect of cytokines on GAD-65 expression was similar to their effect on insulin secretion.
33	8666137	Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha action has recently been shown to reverse insulin resistance dramatically and to improve glycemic control in obese rodents.
34	8666137	TNF-alpha neutralization over a period of 4 weeks had no effect on insulin sensitivity in obese NIDDM subjects.
35	8781295	Therefore, we examined the effect of TNF-alpha on basal and insulin-mediated transport of 2-deoxy[3H]-glucose in L6 rat muscle cells.
36	8781295	Comparative experiments with 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed that in cells cultured with insulin, TNF-alpha decreased basal transport but the insulin-stimulated increase was unaffected.
37	8910278	These results indicate that aP2 is central to the pathway that links obesity to insulin resistance, possibly by linking fatty acid metabolism to expression of TNF-alpha.
38	9015760	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) can modulate the signalling capacity of tyrosine kinase receptors; in particular, TNF-alpha has been shown to mediate the insulin resistance associated with animal models of obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
39	9015760	TNF-alpha caused a dose-dependent decrease in insulin-stimulated IRS-1 phosphorylation and EGF-stimulated receptor autophosphorylation to 47-50% of control.
40	9174153	Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and Graves' disease (GD) are autoimmune endocrinopathies and associated with distinct HLA-DR and -DQ alleles as well as several tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and beta (TNF-beta) alleles.
41	9392477	Furthermore, TNF-alpha has distinct effects on adipose tissue including induction of insulin resistance, induction of leptin production, stimulation of lipolysis, suppression of lipogenesis, induction of adipocyte dedifferentiation, and impairment of preadipocyte differentiation in vitro.
42	9396242	Therefore, we designed a study to determine: (1) the effect of TNF-alpha on insulin sensitivity, and (2) the effect of LPD on the TNF-alpha response and the risk factors of atherosclerosis, such as insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism, in patients with diabetic renal failure.
43	9396242	These results indicate that: (1) TNF-alpha derived from PBMCs might affect insulin sensitivity in patients with diabetic renal failure, and (2) LPD does not have any significant effect on the risk factors of atherosclerosis.
44	9421370	Incubation for 24 h with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) but not C2-ceramide decreased the concentration and insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 in this experimental system.
45	10764814	Since insulin resistance is a risk factor for vascular disease, we examined the effects of TNFalpha on mitogenic signaling by insulin.
46	10764814	Preincubation (30-120 min) with TNFalpha had no effect on insulin-induced IR phosphorylation.
47	10764814	In contrast, TNFalpha transiently suppressed insulin-induced ERK1/2 activation.
48	10764814	Thus, TNFalpha selectively interferes with insulin-induced mitogenic signaling by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Shc and the downstream activation of ERK1/2.
49	10995595	TNF-alpha impairs insulin-mediated glucose uptake in adipocytes, but because of lipolytic effects the interpretation of clinical studies and the extent to which TNF-alpha affects muscle insulin sensitivity are unclear.
50	10995595	The present study investigated the effects of TNF-alpha and a PKC inhibitor (RO-318220) on basal and insulin-stimulated 2-[(3)H]deoxyglucose uptake in cultured L6 myoblasts.
51	10995595	Incubation with TNF-alpha at 1 or 10 ng/ml for 24 h had no significant effect on basal glucose uptake, insulin sensitivity or maximal insulin responsiveness.
52	10995595	In conclusion, although increased TNF-alpha expression and plasma concentrations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in various clinical states, there is no evidence that TNF-alpha impairs insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in a skeletal-muscle-derived cell line.
53	10878750	Importantly, results from knockout mice deficient in TNF-alpha or its receptors have suggested that TNF-alpha has a role in regulating in vivo insulin sensitivity.
54	11147775	The generation of small adipocytes, presumably mediated by increased expression of UCP-1 in addition to increased lipolysis in response to AJ-9677, was associated with decreased TNF-alpha and free fatty acid production and may be the mechanism of amelioration of insulin resistance in KK-Ay/Ta diabetic obese mice.
55	11287357	Adipose tissue expresses tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-6, which may cause obesity-related insulin resistance.
56	11287357	Thus the local expression of TNF and plasma IL-6 are higher in subjects with obesity-related insulin resistance.
57	11410238	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a key component of obesity-diabetes link, we therefore examined the attenuating effect of VO(opt)(2) on impaired insulin signal transduction induced by TNF-alpha.
58	11410238	These results suggest that the anti-diabetic action of VO(opt)(2) is derived from an attenuation of a TNF-alpha induced impaired insulin signal transduction via inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase, providing a potential clinical utility for VO(opt)(2) in the treatment of NIDDM.
59	11712415	Moreover, PPAR gamma/RXR inhibitors decrease lipogenesis in WAT, while TZD stimulate adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis, thereby both preventing adipocyte hypertrophy, which is associated with alleviation of insulin resistance presumably due to decreases in FFA, and TNF alpha, and upregulation of adiponectin.
60	11707432	We have found that insulin resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was accompanied by increased GM3 ganglioside expression caused by elevating GM3 synthase activity and its mRNA.
61	11907416	TNF-alpha and the combination of the three human cytokines caused a transient increase in cumulative insulin levels.
62	11907416	TNF-alpha alone enhanced insulin content on day 3.
63	11916923	Exposure of isolated human adipocytes to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) produced a marked and specific decrease in the mRNA encoding the SREBP1c isoform and completely blocked the insulin-induced cleavage of SREBP1 protein.
64	11970897	In contrast, treatment with TNF-alpha inhibited basal and insulin-induced LCFA uptake and reduced FATP1 and -4 levels.
65	11978627	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a contributing cause of the insulin resistance seen in obesity and obesity-linked type 2 diabetes, but the mechanism(s) by which TNF-alpha induces insulin resistance is not understood.
66	11978627	Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) was activated within 15 min of TNF-alpha addition. 3T3-L1 adipocytes expressing IkappaBalpha-DN, a nondegradable NF-kappaB inhibitor, exhibited normal morphology, global gene expression, and insulin responses.
67	11978627	Thus the changes in adipocyte gene expression induced by TNF-alpha could lead to insulin resistance.
68	11978647	Insulin stimulated TNF-alpha secretion in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01); the addition of RSG (10(-8) mol/l) reduced TNF-alpha secretion (P < 0.05).
69	12626032	In conclusion, increased TNF-alpha and leptin levels may contribute to insulin resistance in GDM and in the third trimester of normal pregnancy and may negatively influence the anthropometric parameters of the newborns.
70	12554784	TNFalpha, which activates three different MAPKs [ERK, p38, and jun amino terminal kinase (JNK)], also induces insulin resistance.
71	12670740	For example, the thiazolidinediones, a class of oral anti-diabetic agents that reduce insulin resistance and improve beta-cell function, might mediate these effects by regulating adipocyte-derived factors, in particular TNF-alpha and FFAs.
72	12714437	TNF-alpha, IL-6, and CRP were significantly correlated with insulin resistance estimated by the homeostatic model assessment (r=0.48, P<0.05; r=0.56, P<0.01; and r=0.35, P<0.05, respectively).
73	12924619	The results suggest that the Chinese medicine JTKL, which contains PG as one of its valid components, improves insulin resistance by modulating muscle fiber composition and TNF-alpha in skeletal muscles in hypertensive and insulin-resistant FFR.
74	12947309	Interferon (IFN)-gamma acts synergistically with interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha to activate isoform of nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) gene expression, induce apoptosis, and impair glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIR) in pancreatic islets.
75	14514596	Leptin and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha are associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease.
76	15059968	In this model, insulin stimulated Grb14 expression, while TNF-alpha increased ZIP expression.
77	15240650	The proinflammatory cytokines TNFalpha, IL-6, and IL-8 are released from the placenta at term and have been implicated in and/or associated with various metabolic events, including decreased insulin sensitivity.
78	15465639	Culture with TNF-alpha increased activity of both SULT 1A1 and 1A3 in the HT-29 cells; TGF-beta also increased activities of both isoforms but to a lesser extent; insulin increased activity of SULT 1A1 only.
79	15472209	Inverse correlations between indexes of insulin sensitivity and serum markers of inflammation have been observed and, particularly, TNF-alpha has been shown to be associated with the appearance of insulin resistance in pregnancy.
80	16145910	Rosiglitazone can decrease the level of serum TNF-alpha significantly and improve insulin resistance.
81	15700136	The OPG production into the medium decreased dose- and time-dependently after insulin treatment (maximal effect approximately 60% of control) in HVSMCs, whereas TNF-alpha supplement gave rise to increased OPG synthesis in a time- and dose-dependent manner (maximal effect approximately 200% of control).
82	15772055	We suggest that regular exercise induces suppression of TNF-alpha and thereby offers protection against TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance.
83	15784408	Fasting blood samples were used to determine concentrations of TNF alpha, soluble TNF receptors 1 (sTNFR1) and 2 (sTNFR2) in the same 13 MA (7 women, 6 men, age=27.0+/-2.0 years, BMI=23.0+/-0.7) and 13 NHW (7 women, 6 men, age=24.8+/-1.5 years, BMI=22.8+/-0.6) previously shown to exhibit differences in insulin sensitivity.
84	15837949	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), an inducer of angiotensinogen in hepatocytes, is elevated in hyperinsulinemic, obese individuals and may provide a link in mediating insulin upregulation of the RAS in adipose tissue.
85	15837949	Isolated human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes (n=12) were treated with insulin (1 to 1000 nmol/L), insulin in combination with RSG (10 nmol/L), and RSG (10 nmol/L) alone to determine angiotensinogen expression and angiotensin II, bradykinin, and TNF-alpha secretion.
86	15837949	Insulin increased TNF-alpha secretion in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01), whereas RSG (10 nmol/L) significantly reduced the insulin-mediated rise in TNF-alpha (P<0.001), as well as angiotensin and angiotensin II.
87	15837949	This study also demonstrates a potential TNF-alpha-mediated mechanism through which insulin may stimulate the RAS and may contribute to explain obesity-associated hypertension.
88	15850715	Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) increase cell membrane fluidity and enhance the number of insulin receptors and the affinity of insulin to its receptors; suppress TNF-alpha, IL-6, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and leptin synthesis; increase the number of GLUT-4 receptors, serve as endogenous ligands of PPARs, modify lipolysis, and regulate the balance between pro- and anti-oxidants, and thus, play a critical role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.
89	15849359	TNF-alpha-regulated phosphorylation at Ser(24) in the pleckstrin homology domain of IRS-1 by mPLK/IRAK represents an additional mechanism for cross-talk between inflammatory signaling and insulin signaling that may contribute to metabolic insulin resistance.
90	15952917	Among those, adiponectin, visfatin and omentin appear as insulin-sensitising adipocytokines, whereas TNF-alpha, IL-6 and resistin induce insulin resistance.
91	16114068	Similarly, in type 2 diabetes, the adipocyte-derived cytokines including TNF-alpha are elevated in the circulation, causing inflammation and insulin resistance.
92	16114068	We used RINr1046-38 (RIN) insulin-producing beta-cells, which constitutively express calbindin-D(28k), to characterize the effect of TNF-alpha on apoptosis, replication, insulin release, and gene and protein expression.
93	16157299	To understand the role of adipocytokines in improving insulin sensitivity via activation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) and -gamma (PPAR-gamma), we examined the expression of visfatin, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha in visceral fat depots of Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats from early to advanced diabetic stage (from 28 to 40 weeks of age).
94	16175602	In conclusion, forced overfeeding with a high-fat diet in mice induces obesity, insulin resistance, and SH in the absence of TNF signaling or Cyp2e1 induction.
95	16143422	TNFalpha pathway activity was correlated with LDL cholesterol, steatosis, and insulin resistance, which, in turn, was correlated with the severity of liver damage.
96	16143422	TNFalpha genotype modulates the activity of the TNFalpha pathway, influences insulin sensitivity and the severity of HCV chronic hepatitis.
97	16358360	Ten daily injections of 400 ng IL-23, starting on the first day of MLD-STZ administration led to significant and sustained hyperglycemia along with weight loss compared with controls (no IL-23), and a significant increase in the number of infiltrating cells, a lower insulin content, enhanced apoptosis, expression of IFN-gamma and IL-17 (not seen in the controls) and a significant increase in the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-18 in the pancreatic islets.
98	16328103	Insulin modulates TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 expression on microvascular endothelium controlling, therefore, leukocyte adhesion and migration.
99	16170833	TNFalpha correlated inversely with insulin secretion in pregnancy (r = -0.35, p = 0.03) and was significantly higher in the GDM group (2.62 +/- 0.3 vs 1.88 +/- 0.3 pg/mL, p = 0.01) in pregnancy.
100	16870142	In addition, insulin failed to decrease angptl4 mRNA expression in an insulin-resistant state induced by TNF-alpha in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
101	16880599	TNFalpha induces insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood.
102	17002473	We also showed that dietary CLA significantly decreased the level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), associated with the development of insulin resistance, in the skeletal muscle of Zucker rats.
103	16857181	Serum EC-SOD concentrations may be a sensitive biochemical marker of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension and that losartan improves insulin sensitivity by increasing EC-SOD and adiponectin production and decreasing TNF-alpha production.
104	17072583	TNFalpha has been described as a link between obesity and the development of insulin resistance, an important contributor to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
105	17083157	Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) system is potentially involved in the development of insulin resistance during pregnancy.
106	17087783	The decrease in TNF-alpha concentrations during oGTT and the inverse correlation between endogenous hyperinsulinaemia and serum TNF-alpha concentrations suggested an anti-inflammatory effect of moderately-high insulin concentrations.
107	16787648	Using logistic regression analysis we demonstrated that IL-6 levels (III versus I tertile, OR: 2.10; 1.10-3.75), TG (III versus I tertile OR: 27.45; 8.47-88.93), fasting insulin (III versus I tertile OR: 2.84; 1.50-5.42), and age (OR: 1.038; 1.002-1.075) were associated with low HDL-C independent of smoking, BMI, waist circumference, hypertension, diabetes, physical activity, alcohol intake, oral hypoglycaemics, CRP, IL-18, and TNF-alpha levels.
108	17347312	Our results suggest that decreased plasma adiponectin, increased plasma resistin and cholesterol, and elevated levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in adipocytes may all contribute to the insulin resistance observed in GH-Tg mice.
109	17592243	In addition, IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha stimulating the insulin, TGF-beta, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways may have different effects in diabetic keratocytes.
110	17719095	Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are suspected to be the major source of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha and IL-6 that interfere with adipocyte function by inhibiting insulin action.
111	17646208	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is known to affect insulin sensitivity, glucose, and lipid metabolism through alternative and redundant mechanisms at both translational and post-translational levels.
112	17966038	HLA-DQ8 transgenic mice expressing the costimulatory molecule, B7.1 (RIP.B7.1), or the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-alpha (RIP.TNF) or both (RIP.B7.RIP.TNF) under the control of rat insulin promoter (RIP) were used.
113	18078928	Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and local activation of the renin-angiotensin system may contribute to insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.
114	17895880	The release of adiponectin was enhanced by insulin and by inhibition of endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) using etancercept.
115	18187553	Exogenous TNF-alpha infusion increased c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation and insulin receptor substrate-1 serine 307 phosphorylation, and inhibited insulin-induced signaling in liver.
116	18385532	DHMEQ suppressed TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and partially ameliorated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.
117	18385532	DHMEQ also partially ameliorated decreased cell viability and insulin mRNA level induced by TNF-alpha.
118	18593820	The present study was undertaken to determine how tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) elicits the inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in rat insulinoma cells (INS)-1 beta-cells.
119	19011089	DsbA-L expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is stimulated by the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone and inhibited by the inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha.
120	19022947	In contrast to CRP and TNFalpha, adiponectin increases during weight loss and insulin sensitivity.
121	19159557	Early treatment of insulin and gliclazide increased the IkappaBalpha protein expression, decreased the NF-kappaB P65 DNA binding activity and the TNF-alpha expression in the skeletal muscle.
122	19378424	To examine the hypothesis that serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) is inversely associated with insulin sensitivity and obesity, and that this may by mediated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
123	19188427	The differences in endothelial cell and skeletal muscle signaling were mediated by the cell-specific, additive effects of IL-6 and insulin because this treatment markedly increased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha protein expression in HAECs without any effect on TNF-alpha in skeletal muscle.
124	19188427	In the presence of insulin, IL-6 contributes to aberrant endothelial cell signaling because of increased TNF-alpha expression.
125	19208906	Improvements to muscle and liver insulin sensitivity (approximately 200-400%) correlated with 50-75% decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha production and coincided with severe Mstn deficiency.
126	19228796	Serum insulin and pancreatic insulin content were reduced in LP-fed NOD offspring at 8 weeks, as were serum interferon gamma and pancreatic tumor necrosis factor alpha, while the number of pancreatic islets demonstrating peri-insulitis, and the degree of invasiveness were reduced.
127	19375767	Moreover, compared with normal rats, untreated diabetic rats had higher expressions of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and Tyr(705) phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 levels, which all were down-regulated after insulin treatment.
128	19690174	Human and rat primary beta cells were sorted by FACS and cultured for 24 h +/- 20 ng/ml TNF-alpha to explore the impact on apoptosis, proliferation, and short-term insulin secretion (1 h, 2.8 mm glucose followed by 1 h, 16.7 mm glucose at the end of the 24-h culture period) as well as key signaling protein phosphorylation and expression.
129	19769745	Preincubation of cells with TNFalpha, followed by insulin, significantly prevented insulin-mediated nuclear exclusion of Foxa2 and substantially increased its nuclear concentration.
130	19769745	Insulin inhibition of PEPCK expression and the preventive effect of TNFalpha could be partially but significantly restored in the presence of Foxa2 siRNA.
131	19674864	Concurrent decreases in TNF-alpha and adipose tissue mass suggest that in dogs, as in humans, this adipokine may be implicated in the insulin resistance of obesity.
132	19474523	In this study, we used two cellular models of insulin resistance, one induced by treatment with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the other with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone.
133	19929783	Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and/or triglyceride accumulation-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation in the liver is shown to play a role in insulin resistance in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease as well.
134	19934001	Only neutralizing antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) attenuated KC-induced alterations in hepatocyte fatty acid oxidation, triglyceride accumulation, and insulin responsiveness.
135	20819535	To evaluate the association between the four adipokines, adiponectin, leptin, resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) with insulin sensitivity, we used a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to test insulin sensitivity in Chinese patients with obesity and type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus versus controls.
136	21054880	We have examined whether saturated nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and insulin, which increase in concentration with developing insulin resistance, can trigger the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? in human monocytes.
137	21378173	Human skeletal muscle cells were cultured for up to 24 h with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? to induce insulin resistance, and mRNA expression for cytokines was analyzed and compared with controls (without TNF-?).
138	21386087	Fao or HepG2 cells exposed to TNF, anisomycin, or sphingomyelinase demonstrated rapid transactivation of ErbB receptors leading to PI3-kinase/Akt activation and IRS-1 serine phosphorylation. p38MAPK inhibition either by SB203580, by small interfering RNA, or by DN-p38MAPK? decreased ErbB receptors transactivation and IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and partially restored insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation.
139	20068130	Moreover, treatment with TNF-alpha neutralization antibody or CDC significantly attenuated the differences of insulin sensitivity between wild-type and Lcn2-KO mice.
140	19846171	Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) is a proinflammatory adipokine hypothesized to link obesity with insulin resistance.
141	19846171	Functional studies suggest that TNFalpha acts through pathways involving adipokines and fatty acids to induce insulin resistance.
142	19846171	We tested the hypothesis that the association of measures of TNFalpha activity with insulin resistance is independent of obesity and adipose tissue biomarkers.
143	19846171	We conclude that, in a representative community sample, measures of TNFalpha activity are associated with insulin resistance, even after accounting for central adiposity and other adipose tissue biomarkers.
144	20354158	In both hypothalamic cell lines, inflammation was induced by prototypical inflammatory mediators LPS and TNFalpha, as judged by induction of IkappaBalpha (3- to 5-fold) and IL-6 (3- to 7-fold) mRNA and p-IkappaBalpha protein, and TNFalpha pretreatment reduced insulin-mediated p-Akt activation by 30% (P < 0.05).
145	10199130	Regarding mechanism of obesity-induced insulin resistance, the increased expression of Tumor necrosis factor alpha and abnormality in PTPase are postulated.
146	19202909	Increasing evidence indicates that altered secretion of adipocytokines such as adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and free fatty acids are contributing factors to insulin resistance in obese states.
147	20350970	Moreover, these macrophage Ad-TG mice exhibit enhanced whole-body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity with reduced proinflammatory cytokines, MCP-1 and TNF-a (both in the serum and in the metabolic active macrophage), adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle under the high-fat diet condition.
148	21756351	We conducted a cross-sectional study in 6,720 subjects from the Twins UK Registry to evaluate the association between 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five genes (TLR4, IL1A, IL6, TNFA, and CRP) along the innate immunity-related inflammatory pathway and biomarkers of predisposition to T2DM [fasting insulin and glucose, HDL- and LDL- cholesterols, triglycerides (TGs), amyloid-A, sensitive C-reactive protein (sCRP) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) and body mass index (BMI)].
149	18972582	The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of AS-IV on the lipolysis and insulin resistance induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
150	9691088	The IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IRAP) prevents TNF + LPS + IFN-gamma-induced iNOS expression and nitrite production, and attenuates the inhibitory effects on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by human islets.
151	11593036	IL-1beta and IFN-gamma alone, or potentiated by TNF-alpha, are cytotoxic to the insulin producing pancreatic beta-cells and beta-cell lines in vitro and suggested to contribute to the specific beta-cell destruction in Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
152	16960890	In parental HepG2 cells, TNF-alpha treatment for 24 h reduced the phosphorylation of Akt1/PKB-alpha and GSK-3beta and under these conditions cells also showed reduced insulin responsiveness in terms of Akt1/PKB-alpha and GSK-3beta phosphorylation.
153	16960890	In order to understand the reason for the differential insulin resistance in both the cell types, the effect of long-term TNF-alpha treatment on the proteins upstream to Akt/PKB was investigated.